Today, I'm gonna open packs from every single Madden. They took off the servers for Madden 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19. But that's okay because we just have to go even harder for the Maddens we do have. Starting with Madden 20. I'm sure you guys recall my video, The Greatest Pack Opening of All Time Ever. It's my fifth most viewed video ever. For whatever reason, there was a week of Madden 20 where golden tickets ran rampant. I've never even seen anything like it since. Now granted, I don't think those golden tickets are still in the store. Ooh, and I'm kind of broke. Wait, I'm broke. You think if I sold something on the auction house, people would buy it? My team is insane. I have two golden ticket quarterbacks. I got a golden ticket, tight end, Zach Gentry. Oh, I love this team. Oh, Koi's slicing, your slicing should go. Dude, I remember this guy. I got Barry Ingram Cook. On defense, I got golden ticket, Brian Dawkins, golden ticket Megatron, golden ticket Anthony Bar, golden ticket Taylor Mays.  What are players on Madden 20 selling for? I gotta make some coins. What's the cheapest golden ticket? Oh my God. What? Quincy and Unwa. That's a golden ticket. That is such a mid golden ticket. 95 speed bra. I got that right now in Madden 23. Ooh, this RG3 is nasty. I remember that RG3. Muhammad Sunoo quarterback, Joshie Poo. Card art does go hard though. Got RG3 golden ticket, Adrian Peterson golden ticket, Anthony Bar, golden ticket. I got Trey Ed. Why do I have so many golden tickets? What was this from? Oh dude, I forgot about this. The most feared Ray Lewis was such an awesome card. That's so dope. Hey, Trey Edmunds sold. Dude, who is on Madden 20 right now? Just picking off golden tickets. Although this was one of the best Maddens in a long time, so I understand it. Can I still pull like crazy high overalls out of this? There's this 86 plus overall draft player pack. And there's the theme builders MVPs who are 97 overalls. Not a lot in the training store. I'm actually gonna open these. I'm trying to remember who these were. I think this is like, ooh, kind of a dope job, bro. I kind of forgot about John Brown. He's fast as hell, 96 speed, okay. All right, I wanna do a few more of these. I wanna see what we got cooking in the theme builders MVPs. Dion Jones, okay. How good was he? 91 speed, 61. Not bad. Scared? Love the animation, Alex Mack. Come on, come on. Who's the Lions player? I don't remember Melvin Ingram. Who's now on the chiefs, right? I don't know. What else? 97, Quinton Dunbar, dude. Quinton Dunbar. There's gonna be some classics in here, dude. I'm starting to remember to hear Whitehead. Abrision of Lions drafted to hear Whitehead. And then we traded into the Raiders. And I don't know who he plays for now. 99 tackle, 99 play rec, 96 block shit, 95 hip hop. That is an insane middle linebacker. Okay, Mike Evans.  Well, he's still on the buck in ears. Six foot five, 91 speed, 99 catcher traffic, 98 spectacular catch. That's a good one. Oh, Damien Williams. I literally didn't forget about all these guys. Damien Williams was actually a monster in that Superbowl. He could have gotten Superbowl MVP. They gave it to my homes because it's a popularity contest though. I mean, you're not wrong. Can I show you the coolest thing ever? Dr. Squatch made a Justin Herbert soap bar. I think my favorite part actually is this right here. Zero grit? I don't know, man. I feel like Justin Herbert has a little bit of grit. But if you can't tell, I'm excited to continue to partner with Dr. Squatch on today's video. Dr. Squatch makes incredible, high-performing natural men's hygiene products. And their flagship product is their bars of soap. They smell amazing. It's my go-to every time I shower and they have so many different scents. I know you're gonna love one. And with the holiday season coming up, this might be the best gift option. They have awesome holiday deals. They even have holiday bundles with some of my favorite scents that they ever drop. I usually load up on the holiday scents because it reminds me of the holidays. They also make some other great products too, like their shampoo and conditioner and their deodorant. And my personal favorite bar of soap is pine tar. I have so many bars of pine tar, just in case. And I have an extra special holiday discount for you guys so you can try Dr. Squatch for yourself. New customers can get 25% off on orders of $40 or more using my code DSQMMG25. So use my code DSQMMG25 and click the link in the top of the description. Dr. Squatch, thanks for sponsoring today's video guys. Enjoy the rest. 86 plus overall draft player. I wanna see if I can like randomly pull something insane. Ooh, completely forgot about that animation.  Oh, this is back in the day when there was actually different animations if you pulled something really good, I'm pretty sure. So I should know the minute I get something really good. There's Ultimate Legends face backs, Game Changers Legends and Elite Player Packs. Let's just open all of them. Dude, it would be so sick of Golden Tickets we're still in packs, so I have to imagine they aren't. That's the big legend animation. That's Ultimate Legend, that's Core Gold, I'm poverty. That's Ultimate Legend, autograph. All right, Elite Player Pack, Game Changer Pack.  Micahai, DeMar Datsun, that's Playoffs. Can't even car out. And a legend, Charles Tillman. You know what I love when I go back to these old Madden's on the next-gen console is you notice how fluid it is. Like look at how fluid the animations are, how quickly I move from screen to screen. What's so sad about Madden every single year is it's always like too clunky for the operating device. Does that make sense? Game Changer Pack, James Washington, Taran Armstead, Tony G. Ooh, ooh, that's a Redox, right? Oh, oh my God. This is literally one of my favorite cards of all. Oh my God, this is one of my favorite cards of all time. Number one, they did a throwback to the Bo Jackson card art from Madden 15. Number two, this was the first limited I ever pulled. I remember to this day pulling this limited Bo Jackson sitting in my apartment at Michigan State my senior year. This is literally one of my favorite cards ever, dude.  I couldn't have asked for anything better. Let's go. Peyton Hurst, Jannovich, oh, another Redox. There's some fire series Redox. Those are really cool ones. Aaron Donald, Kurt Warner. Dude, series Redox used to go so much harder too.    When I see that animation, I used to get amped. That is the Blitz Black Friday, Darren Waller. That is a dope one right there. I'm definitely picking up that Darren Waller. All right, little ultimate legend, Marcus Allen. Otto Graham, Rob Gronkowski. All right, you know what? I'll end on Madden 20 when I pull a 95 or better. The 95 or better. Steve Young, Mel Blunt, Bruce Matthews, Amir Abdullah. Sam Darnold, that is not a 95 or better. Series Redox, I love seeing it. Oh, that team of the week, Rogers.   Look at that. 429 yards, sixth huddies, Aaron Frauders.  Come on, give me a Redox. Oh, that's Superbowl? Yeah, Superbowl pass. That's zero chill. Shelby Awujie, Ken Houston, Jacoby Myers. All right, NFL 50. Oh, or NFL 100 is what it was, and that's not the big animation. That was a small animation. There's like a super try hard NFL 100 animation. That gets you a 94, 95. Those were the players that basically invented the X-Factor. Those players started with their X-Factor on and it never turned off the whole game. Flashbacks, flashbacks. Why'd they take that out of the game? EA is the king of like adding something and then taking it out. Trey Palma, like what about Superstar mode, bro?  Pinehole Madden just makes me hate EA even more, actually. EA is like a super hot chick at the bar who keeps like eyeballing you and flirting with you.   And you're like, damn, they might actually be on the right track. I might actually take EA home and pipe him or her. And then you never do. But you keep going back to that same bar every single weekend in hopes that one day you might actually lay the pipe, but you never do. I'm gonna be honest, I don't actually think that's a good analogy at all. All right, give me my 95 baby, I'll take a redox. Montez, sweat, that card goes hard. It's like one of the fastest linebackers in the game at the time. Nobody plays the game anymore. You can give me a 95. John Ross, draft player. Ooh, Madden Buike.  I was looking for a 95. Got a gold 99.  Gold 99, Patrick Willis. 94, Speed 97, Hit Power 94, Block Shed 641.  All right, we'll end Madden 20 off on that. And I've got 1.1 million coins in case I ever want to do it again. Madden 21, I got banned. So I actually can't log into Madden 21 with this account. It's actually the reason I made X6Saver 69. Man, I'm kind of broke here too. I'm not so broke, Matt. I got 50K training, I got 273K. What's my item binder looks like? Ooh, wait a minute. Was this the Madden when I lived in Hawaii? This is the Madden when I lived in Hawaii. And I did like a 2 million training opening. I totally remember now. Wait, do they still have that pack in the store? I would love to do that pack over any other pack. Please tell me I have training variety. You have to have training variety. Yes! Oh, dude.  Look at Madden 20's training store compared to this, bro. They got everything. Whoo! And they got training variety, dude, these training variety packs. Oh, wait a second. Maybe not. Can you not pull golden tickets in these? The veterans players, legends, team of the year. I could have sworn there was one you could get golden tickets in, but that doesn't say you could get golden tickets. I don't think I'm Madden 22.  Fan Appreciation Macs are actually really dope because they have a huge array of players in them. Let's just see what we can pull on this. Starting out with the Ultimate Legend. Love that animation. 89 Tony G, middle linebacker. Annabelle Draft, DeKwan Jones, series redox. That's a good one. Ayuk! All right. No, this is totally the one I'm thinking of. I swear you can pull golden tickets in those. I'm gonna keep doing the Fan Appreciation Macs though because these are dope. The legend, Steve Smith, a gold. Another gold. An Ultimate Legend. A dailiest Thomas and another draft.  What? Dude, it's not a left field. Like what? 98 speed, 98 jump. Now that's a gold 99. DJ Moore, oh my God. I'll use you for your 100K training, sir. Thank you very much. Don't mind if I do. All right, let's do an Ultimate Legends fantasy pack. We'll switch it up a little bit, call an audible. Jimbo, what are you doing, Jimbo? Gold, gold. Richard Seymour, decent. Round two, Kwan Shor, Julio. An Ultimate Legend player, Jim Thorpe. Rockin' the sweater, I respect it, and Leonard Floyd. The topper, we got a free safety Brian Dawkins and we got Bruce Matthews, all right? Nothing special. Ooh, the zero chill. It was so hard. I loved opening those. All right, let's do some training packs. I'm gonna do like 10 training variety packs here. Remember the hellhole that was power-up players? Every single player in their mother had to have a power-up player. If you wanted the best version, you had to go buy the power-up player, add all of the versions that are on the auction house, and it would take like 20 minutes just to get the card that you wanted. I am so glad they got rid of that. Team of the Week, Randy Gregory. That's actually a dope hole.  Bunch of nonsense in those training varieties. I'm done with that. Let's open one of each of the training packs. So 89 plus veterans? Jonathan Joseph. Okay, actually, no, I can't just get an 89. Let's go get a heater, yeah? Is there a different animation for the good ones, Frank Gore? Come on, give me the big animation, right? Isn't there one? Ooh, there definitely isn't. That's 96 Danny Amondola. Good poll. Kind of forgot we had them on the lines. Did players literally go to the lines just to end their career?  Sick. 89 plus player of the week. Oh, this does have some heat. This has some heat in it. I'm remembering, it's all coming back to me, baby.  Let's go, boys. Let's go, boys. Come on, Darius Williams. It's a nasty corner for a while. Deck. Deck attack. Come on, I gotta get a 93 plus. Gotta get a 93 plus, right? Chase Claypool. 89 plus flashback. Love that little retro. Alex Mack here. Love that animation, too. Richie and Gagnito. Rising stars. Oh, I miss rising stars. This was a really cool promo. It was all the really good young guys. They got that Jedi animation, AJ Turrell. Like why would you take out something as cool as flashbacks and rising stars? 94, they're a car. Okay. 89 plus rising stars. Brian Burns. Franchise God. And I'll just do a little campus heroes play. I don't expect much anything good here, but I'm gonna go get a little more training and do. Wow, I got LaVar Arrington twice. Final flashback pack. I'm gonna go quick sell something. I wanna keep opening that team of the week because I know that there's insane cards in there. I don't know who, I don't remember who, but I know it's nasty. I know that much. Let's look at all of the team of the year players from Madden 21, because I believe this fantasy pack has all of them. Oh! Okay. Dalvin Cook. Yup, he was on my squad because he was a prestige. Darren Waller. Monster. Diggs. Jay Jedis, dude. It's not that much different. Trent Williams. He'll probably get it again this year too. Bosa. Cam Hayward. Chris Jones. Kalil Mack. Levante. David DiMario. Davis. Xavian Howard. Bryce Callahan. Jamal Adams. Jesse Bates. Oh, Jesse Bates. He was a God. Patty Ricard. Jason Sanders. Jack Fox, dude. The card art was so sick. They did like a little gold. Like gold on the cleats or gold on their arms. I would definitely be taking Darren Waller here. Darren Waller is a goat. Madden 20 is on the clock. Wait, don't say Madden 20. Oh my God. Madden 22 is on the clock. Let's get it. Madden Loyalty Fantasy Pack. I was just giving a fantasy pack right now for Madden 22. What? What? I'm gonna get one pick this round. A Super Bowl player.  Wait, this bag is sick. So, Gold 99 Josh Allen. Gold 99 Cooper Cup. A series Redux player. Gold 99 Sean Taylor. Another, it's gotta be a Gold 99 draft. A player. J.C. Horn. And another Gold 99 Redux.  Probably gonna make me choose out of this.   I'm going with that, Lawrence Taylor. I'm not gonna play a game of Madden 22. I don't know why I'm thinking about it like that, but it's just so cool to get. Wow. Well, I've got two million training. One million coins. We've got a lot that we can do. Let's start out with Fan Appreciation Packs. Team of the Week, for sure. K.J. Osborne, a series Redux. Probably not a Gold 99. 95 Kishon Johnson, though. That's a big draft player. So when you get that animation, I think it's 95 plus. Series Redux could be anything. 93 Montez Sweat, badass. Darius Leonard. Oh, I thought that said 96. Still nasty pack. Man, it feels like the Madden 22 packs are way more juice than any of the other years end game packs. So that's a low draft player. That is a 92. Benson Mayola. Rising stars. Rashad Bateman, 96. Yeah, these are a lot more cracked than the other ones, dude. J.C. Kelsey. Ah, my prestige. This is the training variety pack that could give you a golden ticket. I think on average it took me like 200,000 training to pull a golden ticket before.  Let's see if we can actually somehow finesse a golden ticket. Like I literally remember doing the 10 million training opening. I think it took me six or seven hours. On average every 500,000 training was a golden ticket. I was gonna just casually open packs here and there, but now that I realize this training variety pack does have golden tickets, I'm actually gonna stay here until we pull a golden ticket.  I actually have my Herbo. This is not a sponsored video. I just happened to have this on my desk. Another Redux. I'm gonna do it, baby. I'm gonna do it. Mike Haynes. Shaq Barrett. Nice. There he is. Dante Fowler. All right, this is the first really big bull 97 night train lane, but it's not a golden ticket. Redux. Diggs. Oh, another big one. I didn't actually see the reveal on this. Who is it? I'm Phil Sims. I'll take it. Lots of Redux. No golden tickets yet though. Serious Redux. Oh my God. Wait. You know what's funny? This is technically a golden ticket. This is very much technically, this is a golden ticket Tom Brady, but I'm not counting that. I want to see the golden ticket animation. Damn, though. That's a crazy pull. A good 400, maybe 500,000 training in and we have taken nothing but L's. Although I guess the Brady pull is pretty dope. Ooh, 97 Jamar Chase.  Redux, Redux, Redux. Nick Chubb. All right. I cry. If we hit a mill, no golden ticket, I'm going to cry. Bro, my third, it's so sick. It's honestly so sick. That's my third golden 99, no golden ticket. How? Dude, I literally feel like they're out of the packs now. I don't know. Has anybody loaded up mad in 22 recently, pulled a golden ticket? Or I'm just getting clapped. I could just be getting clapped. I'm pulling full legends. I'm pulling gold 99s. I'm pulling everything that is in a golden ticket. This is taking so long, it's a new day.  I'm pouring over a million training into this, but I said I'd get a golden ticket, so I'm not quitting. Wish me luck, gentlemen. Honestly, if they could throw me a bone here, even just the most minor, definitely excited about it. Colin Johnson, I spent about 1.7 million training to get you, so you better be a stud. Oh my God. Oh, I forgot about this. This is like one of the best golden tickets in the game. Somebody made a Colin Johnson golden ticket because he's so massive. 97 speed, 99 jump, six foot six. Sheesh. I finally did it. What if I just hit the bag to bag though? All that waiting for a bag to bag golden tickets. No. Ah.  Yikes. Matariza, yikes. All right, boys, we can finally move on to Madden 23. Let's just open everything Madden 23 has to offer right now. They do have their own version of the training variety pack, but yeah, I don't know. You guys might've seen a video recently where I opened a ton of these. You basically just get a ton of Platinum players, which is pretty cool. You know, you get some coins, but it does have a chance of 89 to 91 Redux and limited players when available, but I have never been able to get such luck. I will take the two Platinum players though, free coins, I guess. There's the all Madden Elite Pack, which could technically have one of the 93 overall, all Madden players. Montana, Saquan's, and, come on, do it for me. Do it for me. Hey! Wait, that's so awesome.  And I did make coins. There's a little bit of a profit. Plus I got Saquan and Montana. That's not actually as good as I thought it was. First team of the week packs, I got Isaiah Simmons. That Isaiah Simmons is actually really good. Isaiah Simmons and McCool Hardman. McCool Hardman's got a lot of cards. Ooh, I love the Aka packs, bro. I might open actually a good amount of Aka packs. See if I could somehow get one of the full Aka players, dude. They go so hard. Come on, baby. Come on, baby! Ooh, Shady McCoy. Shady McCoy might be my favorite, dude. At least card art wise. BK Metcalf, and our Aka player. Ace, ace, ace. Sweetness, 84. I'll do one more for Madden 23. You guys know Madden 23 packs though, right? You should. Let me see, let me see, let me see. Shady again. Cam Jordan, not bad. There's the Elite Legends packs. Not really my favorite. I don't like the Legends this year. They're not very exciting. Like, I'm gonna get some bozo I've never heard of. Okay, never mind. Luke Keekley's actually an awesome legend. I'm sorry. DuMaldeen, Herman Moore, Avante. That's actually a pretty good pack.  I'm surprised they still have most feared packs in the store. All right, I do like these a lot. That most feared was a dope drop, dude. They had some really cool cards in there. McCoy Hardman, I'm telling you, bro. He's got like a billion cards. Byron Jones, Curtis Samuel, Sterling, Huff, 3KR. To conclude this video, I'm gonna open 10 training variety packs. That'll be our send-off. Starting off with a rare strategy item, not actually bad. 26K coins. Moving into a platinum player, it's Corey Davis. 9,000 coins. Jermaine Pratt, nice. Great animation. Next-gen console newest game, ladies and gentlemen. Adrian Phillips, 87 overall. That's a monster bull, 140K. All right, okay. And we'll get Najee Harris. Who else? Who else? Damn, we're going off. All right, this is a good send-off right now. Oh my God. Another platinum player. It's Matthew Chewdown. These are going so hard. Dude, usually you just get all 80s. 87, 87, 85. I'm just gonna clean out my training with these. Then come on, come on. Oh, it's the unathletic Dalton Schultz time. The last pack of all matter pack openings. It's a rare strategy item. It's Buffalo Bills. That's a pretty dope team to end it off on. All right, boys. I hope you enjoyed. I have officially opened packs in every single matter that you can open packs in. And we even pulled a golden ticket. Pulled a lot of gold, 99s too actually in general. That was a blast. So much fun. I hope you guys enjoyed. And I'll see you in the next video. Peace.


to our next session. So we're now going to hand over to the DWP to hear their latest updates. So this includes the Family Resources Survey, Households Below Average Income, Income Dynamics and the Pensioners Income Series Statistics. And the presenters are Mark Vaughan, Natalie Lloyd, Lorraine Pearson, Elias Imgy and John Bilestone and Helen Smith. And they're all from the Surveys branch of the Department for Work and Pensions. Okay, I'll come on camera. Thanks so much, John, for introducing us. Yep, good afternoon, everybody. Really wonderful to see so many people attending the annual conference on these servers yet again, this year. Really good attendance in recent years. And I hope you're taken away from today, just as much as I am. I think that's some fascinating talks already. Today, the material that I have for you will have links to the kind of concepts that Peter Matthews was just discussing. And also reaching back to this morning a couple of links as well to the really good talk on admin-based statistics on income and census that we had from ONS. So I did enjoy that. If I can have the next slide please. So yep, good afternoon once again. My name is Mark Vaughan. I am the Project Lead on the Family Resources Survey based at DWP. We have a couple of links on the title slide for you. The first of these is our homepage at gov.uk. The FRS is a published national statistic. You can look on gov.uk for the headline stats. I'm quite happy. So why not do so? And secondly, we do have a team inbox as well for inquiries. This is attended. It is something that if you send an inquiry in, we will do our absolute level best to get back to you in a reasonable period of time. So we've got that on the slide just there. I'm going to talk about a few things today. As we usually do, we're going to say just a few brief words about what the FRS is. Thank you. A few brief words about what the FRS is. Give an update this year. Highlighting a few developments and also wouldn't be a statistics presentation without some statistics. So we have a slide on that as well. I'm also going to go on this afternoon to talk you through why the FRS is heading over the next few years and a few points there around that happening date or agenda, as I say we've heard about that already today. So a couple of points just to get across in terms of where the FRS is now, what is it and where can you access it. So I think the key things to get across would be the latest FRS for the 2021-22. The year was published in March. We published in March this year. You can access the FRS dates, it's yourselves. They are available by UK debt service. A massive thank you to colleagues at UKDS as well. This year we had the dates that's released. I think I'm right in saying within about five weeks or so. Publication day, which is a latter-day record short amount of time. It's really, really good to see that going out. So it's accessible just there. I should also advertise that it's accessible by the ONS secure research service. Now this is a brand new thing for this year. So we do absolutely welcome people's proposals for research by the SRS at ONS. The other thing that is brand new that we really need to highlight is static explore. If you've never come across to explore before now, this is the department's online tabulation tool. So it does enable people to create their own statistics, create your own tables in an Excel style format and your own breakdowns of data. Static explore is not new in itself. The department has had static explore now for a long, long time, so well over a decade of operation. But historically it was always facing the department's admin data systems by which I mean, how many people in total do you have receiving state pension? That's the kind of question that you'd answer. And there you'd be looking at the population as read-in from administrative systems. Developments in recent years, we've had HBI and pensions incomes for just a little while now. I'm really pleased to say that FRS has joined that group. You can now do your own tables of results from the FRS data sets using static explore. And we are very conscious that for people who perhaps don't want to launch into the micro data but do have a need to get some headline statistics or key breakdowns, this can be a very valuable tool for them in allowing them to do that themselves. So that's a major development brand new this year and a massive thanks while I'm here to both Justina Owen and also Anna Britton in our team who pulled that together for us. Moving on, the FRS, if you want to wear this is one of the country's largest household surveys, focuses on incomes at the individual and family and household models. The FRS is a very, very detailed study. It looks at income from a very wide range of sources, everything around working earnings, but also pensions and payments for those who are retired. Obviously the world of state benefits, we are deeply pleased that there's a massive focus on that too. And it does intend that there are other fringe incomes that the survey reports as well such as investments and annals rental profits. Survey also has a very wide range of characteristics. We have a lot of the demographics that you might expect, but we also run through the world of housing and tenure. We do quite a lot in the way of disability health and care. And it doesn't stop there. We do a lot of other things around education, people's education levels, and also child maintenance as well, which again is a natural focus for the Italy P as a department. There are other facets that we look at. I would probably highlight material deprivation. We're also branching into food security and food related deprivation. More on that in just a couple of slides. Time. In terms of the content of the interview, we have been at an hour long interview on average for quite some time now. The questionnaire content is essentially unchanged from one year to the next, but we do make some changes as the years go by. So that's just a bit of backdrop and a couple of the key points. If you take nothing else away from today, those will be the key points. Next slide please. Thank you. Developments this year, as last year's conference, we've divided these into the red group and blue groups. The red group are the things that we have under the hood, things that we can see in the blue group, effectively the things that all of you can see. We do highlight the red group. A lot of work goes in behind the scenes to make the FRS a reality. Work on any given FRS release is normally beginning in the January, late January or February, the year before publications. So a lot goes into it. Under the hood this year, I would put in place a brand new data management solution. This supersedes a solution that's been with the department for towards 20 years. It brings us up to modern HTML-led standards. It has a whole bunch of other things besides in the way of improvements. Again, recognizing that there will be lots of people on call who won't be too concerned about that, but it's a massive thing for us and really cements the future of the FRS in data processing terms for many, many years to come. That's all good on that. Again, under the hood we've got several and call it checks this year. We are always on the lookout for ways that we can improve the quality of the FRS, albeit it is a national statistic. We are always looking across to the code practice and the obligations there where it comes to continuous improvement. So quite a few things that we have done. I would single out probably state benefit changes there in Scotland as something which we do have to look at quite closely just there. That will become sure an increasing thing for the survey in future years. Thirdly, in that group cost of living, this is something that we are having to consider quite carefully in terms of how we class it as income and what do we do with it, the kind of thing that's something Peter during his time with the department would have given very great thought to, I'm sure. A lot of thought going into that. In terms of other changes though, which I'm sure you're more interested in, things that you can see. There's a few to call out here this year. So we've got things like within the Excel tables that we publish. We've got things like the inclusion of a new variable, a new category for sandwich carers, those who are caring for both kids of their own and also somebody else and also parents. We've got a brand new variable for those on zero hours contracts. That was in response to user feedback. Third point is a little bit of a techie one, but it's around the way that we classify those working in the public sector. And the driver for that really was to bring the FRS fully linked up and locked in to the world of public service pension schemes. A couple of new variables alongside that, one called Doc to one called Dentist and a few others besides about Docs and Dentist. It was put to me that the FRS was simply being curious about Doctor and Dentist earnings. I can assure you that it's not the case. The reason we're doing this is because of the sheer difference both in scale and often in nature of the way that doctors and dentists earn money and the way that the FRS handles those individuals. It's a very, very key change there for us looking at doctors, BU working in the NHS, BU, a consultant to register in a hospital or BU a GP. We have a marker for that in the survey now and I'm really pleased to see that as an improvement in that quality. I think somebody this morning on the the fifth bullet mentions looking at using the internet at home for online services. This isn't a binary question yet to know that it is nuanced in terms of how much support people think they might need to use internet services in the home and against really interesting findings coming out of that. Second to last is food bank usage. I'll come back to that in a second, but finally I really do have to highlight that if you are interested in what will be happening on the FRS going forward, you can go to a homepage at gov.uk, you can look at what we are calling the release strategy for the FRS and that will give you some good information on the developments that we intend with the survey this year, this publication year and indeed next year as well. So it does get on to things like changes to questions that are going into the fields and those sorts of things. Next slide please. Okay so at the top it wouldn't be an FRS presentation without some statistics. Here they are. Possibly the most high profile changes this year that we've just published was around food banks, so we did have a question in the fields. Have you used a food bank? When we put that into the field, the accent there was have you used a food bank effectively for emergency purposes? Had to get a hold of foods on an emergency basis. As the results came back, why were we doing that? We talked about a household food security of course. We put that into the fields just a little while ago and really this is all building our evidence on deprivation in the food sense of the word. So we're talking about food security which covers concepts such as affordability, worries and concerns and our people skipping meals. We're talking about food banks which is obviously very direct form supports. The direction of travel here is that we will look at is anybody else feeding you as well. In other words, we don't mean people bringing around small volumes of food as present. We mean relatives perhaps bringing material food supplies around to you to support you. So we will be taking the survey in that direction as well. When it comes to food bank usage, we asked have you used a food bank in the last 30 days? We also asked whether you'd used one in the 12 months running up to interview and the stats are on the slide right there. So the finding was that we had one cent used in the last 30 days and three percent of the cost last year. As you might imagine, it's possible to break into those figures and look at things like regional variations. We've got a map on the left hand side which does indeed show differences by geography. This is by region. If you were to look at the FRS publication on gov.uk, I think have around 10 Excel tables which give a variety of other breakdowns and cover things like the extents which are lower incomes associated with high food bank use and a range of other factors besides as well. I'd probably better move on to the next section so I can have the next slide please. Okay, so I am not Don Burke. I'm presenting slides here today that Don has put together and this is really trying to get across where the survey is going in relation to greater use of admin data. So if you take the next slide please, thank you. The first slide we've got is talking about the rationale. A couple of speakers have covered this kind of thing already but it really does fit in very well with that theme of making much greater use of admin data and leveraging the value from those sources. In terms of why we're doing this sort of the rationale, there are a number of drivers, not least improving data quality. State benefits do vary in the extent to which the FRS has an undercount. State pension are quite close for other benefits. We do have material undercounts but one of the things we're trying to get at in including admin data is closing that gap if you like of this is what the survey says, overhang on, that's different to what the admin source says. So there is a point there around consistency, coverage, accuracy, call it what you will. There's certainly a point of timeliness. Again, I'm thinking about what Peter was talking about just there. The long-term game plan here is that if you can include more and more administrative data on things like state benefits and other sources as well, you will have to do less and less in the way of the current editing and checking that we do of FRS responses and that should other things being equal make the publication, the release of the survey data set much more timely, much closer to the point of interview. And third point obviously is that if you reduce time you can also reduce cost. The ultimate game plan on this is that you will be able to reduce the length of the FRS questionnaire from that one hour mark that it currently sits at. So three big points there for the future of the survey. Can we do this? Yes, we certainly think we can. We have and have had the ability to link respondents to their administrative records several years now, thanks to a change in the legal basis for consent. The latest that we have on this is that our match rates, the number of people who can successfully look up to think that is up about 95% respondents. That's pretty good. That's pretty good. So is there a good reason to do it? Yes. Can you do it? Yes. If you are going to do it, what are the main research strands? I think there's a few here on the page where we're talking about let's look at the sources. Which sources can we bring in? So things like state benefits, obviously we as DWP sit on top of the mountain of admin sources. Things like real-time information, things like self-assessment data, both of which would be HMRC concepts. Definitely giving a lot of thought to those as well. It doesn't end there. There are a couple of other things. We need to look very closely at what's happening on grossing weights when you bring admin data in. We also need to look quite closely on what it means for non-response bias. Really, that's how different are the people who have taken part in the survey when compared to those who did not. Next slide please. Thank you. I'm not going to go through this one word by word, but if we're talking about the previous slide with the rationale, this one really is what do we actually intend to deliver from this strand? And we've got a couple of big, big, big points here. So is this going to be some kind of clean cutover, day-night cutover, where we suddenly transit to a new basis and that's that? Well, now that's not the idea. Projects are very clear that what we want to do is actually deliver some degree of back series of FRS data sets which do have this admin data in and therefore give people a chance to compare the difference perhaps that having the admin data has made to the results. So that's one big thing in terms of deliverable. The second thing very naturally flowing from that is if you do have admin data, what kind of difference does that make to the statistics that you're putting out? And that's huge for us. We will be looking for a really clear demonstration of the difference that admin has made to our statistics. And the third thing, which is possibly a little bit more internally facing but none was quite important, is to consider what this means in system terms. So if you think of the FRSC production line, what changes do you need to make? If you are reaching out to admin data and becoming reliant on that, can you still be reliant on that in two, three, four, five years time or will the admin data have evolved to a different place? It's absolutely vital we have that understanding as well. I think that's nearly it, but I was just going to close with the last slide of that, because I'm sure the question you'd all like to ask is, you know, that's what we're all about, but why is this happening? The slide that Don has put together looks like this. What is this showing you? This is showing you the next five publication years. As we said earlier, the FRSC normally published in the month of March. What are we talking about here? We're talking about a journey from left to right as we progress towards 2027. And just with that little change in 2027, you may notice that instead of March, we're proposing potentially autumn. Could be the month, could be the time of year in which we publish, reflecting the points made earlier around timeliness. Several points on the page here and I'm not going to step through all of them, but what I think is safe to say that looking at March 24 on that left hand side, what we're not proposing is that somehow you just drop the existing FRSC and it's related to publications. I think the idea is very much that we still do that, but that alongside that you're talking about an experimental rival set of statistics, which give an idea, as I said on the previous slide, of the kind of difference that having an admin led FRSC and an admin led set of HBI statistics could make. That March 2024 dates the key one that's in all of our minds at DWP right now. And we're still considering that very closely. We're also considering alongside that what does it mean for the longer term and the lower sections of this slide are talking about what does it mean for information collection? When will you see a change to the FRSC questionnaire? I think that's probably about my time. So I'm going to draw to a close just there. If you have any questions, do pop in the chat to me themself that team will try to pick them up. But that aside, thank you very much for listening. I'll come straight up to Natalie Lloyd who'll take you through HBI. Thank you. Thanks Mark. Hi, for those who don't know me, I'm Natalie Lloyd and I'm the lead statistician on the HBI publication. I'm sure I'm assuming that most of you on the call are familiar with HBI, but you certainly will be having seen Peter's presentation. So I want to send some thanks to him actually for covering some of the key trends in the statistics over the last few years. But in a nutshell, the HBI publication is the official source of UK poverty statistics. So we publish estimates of the number and proportion of individuals, pensioners, children and working-age adults who live below the poverty line or they are in low-income households. I don't have a great deal of time here today. I've only got a sort of a 10-minute slot. So I'm going to use the session just to really talk through the last publication and the changes that were made there. And then also a bit of a forward look for the work that we're going to be doing over the next few months and beyond just to bring you up to date with everything happening in the HBI world. On the last slide I did leave an email address, happy for anybody to contact me with any questions after this meeting and I will try and answer anything you put in the chat too. So thanks for that. Yes, you can move on now, thanks. So those of you who may have attended last year, if you can cash your mind back to that or if you're familiar with the publication, you may be aware that when we published the 21-22 statistics back in March 2022, we had kind of, we spent a lot of time, invested a lot of time in understanding the impact of COVID-19 on the results that we were seeing in our estimates. So due to the move from face-to-face interviewing to telephone interviewing and the reduction in the sample size during the 2021 survey year, that presented kind of a lot of problems with the underlying data. We had to do a lot more validation of the data than we ordinarily would to make sure that the estimates we produced were as robust as possible. What this meant was that we didn't publish our full suite of statistics because at a kind of a lower level we couldn't validate all of the trends that we were seeing and we then accompanied our publication by a technical note for users to offer full transparency over why we took the decision not to publish all the statistics and the kind of areas where we would suggest kind of key caveats should be applied. I'm pleased to say that in the 2021-22 publication that we published in March we did return to publishing our full range of statistics including a full update of stat explore. We did produce a technical report once again although it was far less bulky than the year before. We made the assessment that although there was still an effect of the change in mode it was affecting the estimates to a much less of an extent than in the previous year. So just as an example we were seeing previously that following the move to the telephone interviewing we were getting kind of more older participants responding to the survey tended to be more affluent, more educated and we saw all that kind of coming through the results. Although we did see shift in the sample representativeness continue into 2021-22 it was much less marked so we were much more confident in kind of issuing our full release of statistics. A couple of things to note though what we did do was we didn't retrospectively publish the 2021 data so that's still not publicly available although it can be obtained by accessing the data sets in the UK data archive. In terms of our published estimates for all those estimates where we would use a three-year rolling average so that tends to be around ethnicity and regional estimates we had to use the two data points we had available so we excluded the 2021 figures from the estimates. There were a couple of additions to our publication this year so we had previously published back in March 2022 some experimental statistics around combined low income and material deprivation rates for working age adults. We brought that into HBAI this year and as Mark covered in his section there were some new statistics on food bank usage within the FRS and so we built on these by looking explicitly at food bank usage among individuals who were living in low-income households so that's all in there. Move on please, thanks. So in terms of our future plans and where we are now as we speak actually we are starting to look at the 2022-23 FRS data so we've taken delivery of the six-month dataset covering April to September of last year and we're making a first assessment of that data looking at the impact of the cost of living pressures on household incomes and getting first glimpse of the low income rates and impacts across the board. One thing we're really going to have to focus on this year though is making an assessment of the effect of having a mixed mode during the 2022-23 survey year and what impact that has had on both the FRS sample but crucially what effect that's had on the HBAI estimates. You know in the past we've hypothesised that there will be some effect of having a different mode and this year we can quantify it and measure it and we can look at that split by different subgroups for example. So we're very much planning to look at that in detail and you'll consider what adjustments if any we would need to make to our data and our estimates to reflect the mixed mode so that that's ongoing. Again following on from Mark's presentation we will be investing a lot of time into quality assuring the integrated FRS data so that's the FRS linked with the DWP benefits data which we announced back in March that we would publish something showing the kind of illustrative value of that next March. So we've taken delivery again of some of the back series of that data that linked data and we're looking at that in detail and we are having kind of discussions internally around what would that look like in terms of a publication. You know will it be as extensive of what we currently produce for HBAI or will it be much more limited and what precisely will the publication look like. You know how we've kind of present our findings and trends etc. So yes in the short term there will be two publications running in parallel for several years but we still got to work through a number of making a decision internally about what that actually means and I saw that in the chat although I haven't had a chance to answer the question yet somebody did ask about the new material deprivation measure that we have been working on so you may be aware that we've been working in partnership with London School of Economics on refreshing on material deprivation measure including refreshing the questions that we ask. So the LSE in the kind of stages finalising their recommendations there and we will have a little bit more work to do on the methodology but the the new questions have been introduced in the field this year so they've been kind of you know being part of the survey since April so it'll be the March 2025 publication where we will be moving to using a new material deprivation measure and I'll try to answer any further questions on that in the chat. Just briefly then you will have seen probably when we published the data in March we accompanied the release with a statistical note which confirmed that as a department we were going to resume work on developing a new measure of poverty using the Social Metrics Commission recommendations and methodology that was kind of made I think several years ago. So I'm now going to hand over to Lorraine Pearson who's leading on this work to tell you a bit more about that. Thanks very much. Thanks Natalie. Hi everyone so I'm in a slightly different team in DWP I'm in the income analysis team but work very closely with other DWP colleagues on the call. Our team inbox is shown on this slide and my email address so if anyone has any questions or wants to follow up afterwards then please do get in touch but as Natalie said today I'm just providing a very quick update on work that we're doing to take forward developing new experimental statistics on poverty measurements so if we can move slide please. Yeah so back in March we announced our plans to resume this work which will be to develop an experimental measure of poverty based on the innovative work of the Social Metrics Commission so as I'm sure many on the call are already familiar the SMC are an independent commission and they were formed with the aim of developing a new approach to poverty measurement to better reflect both the nature and experiences of poverty for different families in the UK and they had a key aim of building consensus around poverty measurement in the UK as well so they published an initial report in 2018 setting out their methodological approach and they've subsequently published updates to that with updated analysis and some methodological refinements as well so if you're not already familiar you can find all of that at the Social Metrics Commission website which is the link is on the slide here if we can move slide please so just a very high level to set out what the poverty measure is so the SMC measure is consistent with HBAI in terms of its measurement of net income but then it adds additional components onto that so it seeks to take into account the availability of liquid assets and to also account for what they term inescapable costs so taking into account debt that people face well families face child care costs and the costs of disability as well as some recurring housing costs not currently accounted for and they also seek to include groups that have previously been omitted or underrepresented in poverty statistics that rely on household surveys so there's some discussion around the rough sleeping population and around housing adequacy particularly consideration of overcrowded housing and then some of this is familiar from other presentations today but they set out sort of different dimensions to the poverty measure to include looking at the depth of poverty so the distance from the poverty line according to this measure poverty persistence so how long people are spending in poverty and moving in and out of poverty and then they also look at what they call a lived experience indicators so basically what characteristics are associated with the experience of poverty using this measure next slide please so in terms of the next steps for DWP we accept that this approach adds new insight to our understanding of poverty and we'll be taking this measure as a starting point to assess how it can be developed to increase the value to the public of these statistics we'll be looking at how we can realise some of the concepts in practice not all of the data is necessarily available and there's kind of methodological decisions to make so we'll be looking at all of that we're currently at a very early stage we're at our initial planning stages we are planning to publish a series of experimental statistic publications and we're establishing stakeholder groups at the moment to see this work so you'll be hearing more in due course we'll be updating via the DWP statistical work program and sort of wider stakeholder engagement and public consultation as well so it's just a flag at the moment that this work is starting definitely happy to take any questions and to follow up with anyone who would like to know more but we will be putting more information out on this soon as well but that's it for now I'll hand over to our next speaker hi everyone I hope you can hear me so I'm Alia I'm the pensioner's income publication lead for the 2022 publication published in March this year I'll quickly just talk about who we are what we are and some key results from our recent publication and then I'll pass over to John who will talk about the income related benefits estimates of take-up publication next slide please Kate pensioners income so who are we we're an annual national statistics we report on public sorry we report on pensioners incomes from the family resources survey and our statistics examine how much income pensions get each week and where they get that income from we look at how incomes have changed over time and variations in income between different types of pensioners our estimates are normally based on a sample of around 7,000 pensioners in private households in the UK the population age distribution has changed a lot since the start of the series and pensioners now make up a larger proportion of the overall population changes in the economy and to the benefit system mean that the amounts and components of pensioners average weekly incomes have changed over time and our statistics look at these changes next slide please Kate next slide oh yeah perfect thank you so some key results from our most recent publication so in financial year ending 2022 pensioners had an average income of 349 pounds per week which was a statistically significant increase from 1995 when it was 176 pounds the decrease from 2021 when it was 376 pounds was also statistically significant but this result does need to be seen in the context of the factors affecting the 2021 data set relating to the coronavirus pandemic so when preparing the 2021 estimates some estimates some evidence was found that the pensioners sampled were more affluent compared to previous time periods so this just means they were more likely to be owner occupiers receive an occupational or personal pension have income from investments and on average had access to higher levels of savings but the 2022 population was more closely aligned with the pre-pandemic period on those metrics so the financial year ending 2022 pensioner median incomes have shown larger decreases across most measures compared to financial year ending 2021 and so while some of this change is real reflecting the context of below inflation operating of the state pension in 2022 the degree of change is also likely to have been somewhat affected by changes in pensioner composition between the two server years so this broader context should be borne in mind when interpreting observed changes in pensioner low income rates thank you very whistle stop tour of pensioners incomes just pass to John now thank you thank you hello I'm John Bloverstone and I work as part of the team which produces the income related benefits estimates of take-up publication just let you know that this is an annual statistical publication which reports on take-up of benefits from the FRS and take-up refers to the receipt of benefits that somebody's entitled to by caseload which is obviously percentage of eligible people and expenditure which is the percentage of all money claimed and to produce this publication FRS data is matched to administrative data to produce estimates for the main income related benefits which currently is just pension age only which applies to pension credit and housing benefit and our latest publication as you can see in the slide there is that seven out of ten people entitled to pension credit actually claimed the benefit and 77 percent of the total amount of pension credit that could have been claimed was actually claimed and for housing benefit for pensioners eight out of ten of those people entitled to claim housing benefit for pensioners claimed the benefit and that 88 percent of the total amount of housing benefit pensioners that could have been claimed was claimed and just some other facts that we haven't gotten the slide there but that up to 850,000 families who were entitled to receive pension credit didn't actually claim the benefit and an expenditure of up to 1.7 billion of available pension credit went unclaimed so on average that amounted to around 1900 pounds per year for each family entitled to pension credit did not actually claim the benefit and similarly for housing benefit there was up to 260,000 pensioners who were entitled to receive housing benefit for pensioners but didn't claim the benefit and that amounted to 1.1 billion of available expenditure that went unclaimed and on average this amounted to around 4000 pounds per year for each family then were entitled to receive housing benefit for pensioners but didn't actually claim the benefit our stats obviously quite important and some main uses of those stats without the first pension credit day of action was on the 15th of June last year and that was obviously an initiative to try and increase the take up of pension credit and encourage people to claim pension credit if they were entitled and our stats were heavily used in that campaign again this year there's been another pension credit week of action which was between the 12th and 16th of June and again that was all about raising the awareness of pension credit and tackling some of the myths that may stop people applying or encouraging people to check their eligibility and make a claim and it even made the news a television program on the 13th of June where Martin Lewis did a pension special program and he encouraged viewers to check if they were actually entitled to pension credit and obviously claim it as soon as they could and now again our stats were used for that and next slide please and those last stats that have just been shown on that slide would just to say that we weren't able to publish our stats for the financial year 20 to 21 obviously this was due to ish date issues following the coronavirus pandemic we're hoping to actually publish statistics for the financial year 21 to 22 but we're currently in the process of just checking to assess that if it will be possible to publish these stats in line with the UK stats authority code of practice and obviously if it's found that we can publish those statistics then obviously we'll announce that via the stats work program put everything on the internet announcing that as soon as that's possible and currently we're unable to estimate UC take-up rates at present but we're monitoring the situation and obviously we'll make changes in the future as and when that's needed because from December 2018 there can be no new claims for any of the working age legacy benefits therefore the most recent publication for 1920 focused on take-up for pensioners only so that's a quick whistle-top summary there if anybody would like any further information then just drop us a message in the chat and we'll get back to you straight away. Hi there um I seem to have lost access to my camera so apologies for that I had it this morning but um it's no longer there so um anyway uh yeah so I'm Helen Smith and I work on income dynamics and today I'm just going to talk briefly about our recent development work and some of the headline findings that we published in March this year next slide please um thank you so um for those of you who are not aware of income dynamics it's annual statistics based on the longitudinal panel survey understanding society we produce three main areas of analysis um persistent low income rates which are measured over a four survey wave period so each understanding society wave covers two years and so it's four of those uh we do analysis on movements into and out of low income over a two wave period and we also do some longer term income mobility analysis across the whole income distribution um and over the past year we have been focusing on bringing in USOX immigrant and ethnic minority boost sample into our statistics so the um this boost the IEMB was introduced by USOC in 2014 to 15 to maintain the representative representativeness of their sample it comprised around 2,900 households from targeted immigrant and ethnic minority groups and we didn't initially include it in income dynamics because at the time of the first ID publication in 2017 there was not four waves worth of data on IEMB members to enable them to be included in the persistent low income estimates um so over the past year we've been revising all of our code to bring in the boost and test the effect on on our sample um and from the table here it just shows that um actually bringing in the sample resulted in quite a large increase in our cross sectional sample size so an additional 8,000 individuals from the IEMB itself and then um also another sort of around four and a half thousand other individuals and we understand this resulted from some correction to form a non-response and then the the effect on the longitudinal sample size is less because we require people to be present in consecutive years so in terms of our persistent low income sample the four wave sample um this increased by about 4,000 individuals in the first four years after the boost was brought in we observed only small changes really in our statistics so our single wave estimates moved slightly closer to those of HBAI um and our other statistics such as our persistent low income rates changed by very small amounts kind of in the one percentage point ballpark if at all um but nevertheless we you know we're understanding that the benefits are improved representativeness and we've also seen less suppression associated with um the smaller sample sizes and some of our breakdowns um next slide please Kate so in terms of our our headline findings um so persistent low income findings um look at who has income below 60 percent of the median for three out of four years as with the other publications produced by the branch we include before and after housing cost measures so we generally see that rates of persistent low income are stable um and apart from some small changes for for children this year um which these don't build on any longer term trend um they the rates were unchanged on the previous four wave period for for the other groups and then we also analyze rates of entry into an exit from low income across each two wave period um and we see generally typically typically sort of similar numbers of people entering to an exit from low income each wave but when we express these as rates we see that the exit rates are somewhat higher than entry rates and this is actually because the denominator for low income exits is a much smaller group because it's based on those who were in low income in the first of the two waves compared to the larger group of those who weren't in low income upon which the entry rate is based so that is reflected um in the rates here so we so it's it's not that we have that many that much more people exiting low income it's it's just to do with the denominators on which the two rates are based um entry rates are generally stable over time um exit rates uh fluctuate a little more anyway um we did see a small increase this year and that's partly explained by the addition of a new category on student intuition fee loans in the most recent USOC questionnaire wave um that we've included and that effectively caused some individuals who were in the low income group in the first of those the two wave two most recent waves to exit from it so that just helps to explain that increase there and we'll see what happens next year but it would expect it will probably stabilise a bit um and then finally um as part of our sort of longer term mobility analysis the Sankey diagrams um compare the income quintiles that people were in at two different points in time so uh for those unfamiliar with them income quintiles divide the income distribution into five equally sized groups and here we're comparing the position that individuals were in in 2015 to 16 um to where they were in 2020 to 21 um and the key message from this analysis is is is pretty much the same year on year and it is that most movement takes place towards the middle of the distribution so reflected in the sort of wider bands there um around the sort of two three and quintile two to four range and then there is less movement at the bottom um and then least movement in quintile five so at the top of the distribution um next slide please Kate got five minutes for this session yeah thank you this should only take a couple of minutes so um yeah so so finally I just wanted to highlight um a small extension to our events analysis that we brought in this year as well so our events analysis is linked to our low income uh entry and exit um analysis that I mentioned on the previous slide and it aims to dig into that a little bit more by um exploring how household level changes are associated with those uh entries and exits so in relation to low income entries um on the left hand side we have included um a change from full time to part time work in the household and in the box below that a change from having somebody in paid work in the household to having nobody in paid work in the household so each event um has three different statistics linked to it so the first statistic uh which is the four percent and the three percent on the left hand side that shows how prevalent the event was so what it's saying is that neither event was common so just four percent and three percent of those not in low income experienced this kind of change across the two-wave period um but it did increase their risk of entering low income so if you did experience this change um 21 percent of people and then 25 percent uh where there was a change to worklessness entered into low income and that compares to eight percent of all of the individuals who entered low income so we can see it does increase your risk of entering low income and then the third statistic um shows that around 10 percent um of all of those people who entered low income experienced those changes and you can experience more than one change so um that yeah that we don't see those statistics is is is adding up to 100 across across the range of other events that we produce we produce a number which are all in our publication um so when we look at low income exits on the right hand side we looked at a change from part time to full time work in the household and then we also looked at what happened if um the household experienced a change of going from a position of having nobody in work to having somebody in work across the two-wave period so again I mean neither of the events was was that common um six percent of individuals lived in a household that experienced a shift from part time to full time work and then five percent in a household that um experienced a move from being workless to having somebody in paid work but then both events were closely linked to exiting low income so um if there was a change from part time to full time work this was associated with a 69 percent chance of exiting low income and then if there was a shift from worklessness to be to having somebody in work it was associated with a 60 percent chance of exiting low income and then just as context um we know that 39 percent of all people exited low income um so just just showing then how how these actual experiences did increase the likelihood of exiting from low income compared to other people um and then yeah the they weren't experienced by you know again sort of 10 percent or fewer people who were not who exited low income experienced that change so um yeah that's um that's just a brief update on the developments we've brought in this year in income dynamics and we are in fact still working on some aspects of the IEMB integration that have been a bit less straightforward so that's our sort of current priority this year in terms of development work and that's all from me thank you


You said in your state that this was a difficult personal decision to decide whether or not to run for reelection. Was there a moment when you really thought, no, I am not going to run the second time? And if so, why? No, I can't say that, but I believe what I've said so often that the people let you know whether you should or not. And I just resisted allowing myself to think about it too early. I think campaigns are too long anyway. And I just waited to finally came to a decision. The funny thing is, both of us felt pretty much the same way.  But we both had the attitude of saying that there would come a time when we would sit down and talk about it. And then there did come a time when we sat down one night. When was it? Oh, not too long ago. I'd have to say it was this fall. And there wasn't any disagreement about it. We both had the feeling that it should be done. Most people say it's going to be a close election. Whoever nominees for that grant is going to be a close election.  Honestly, could you lose this election? Yes, I happen to be someone who I've never done this in all the times I've done it without the feeling I'm one little behind. What one, either perception or issue or question or political concern, have you at the moment? I won't, yes, and suppose that we rigged our programs and our tax breaks and so forth for the rich and for business. These are absolute falsehoods. Anyone who looks at it, I defy them to go back a long way in some of the tax relief programs, such as Kennedy's tax cut program in the 60s, and you will find that there were more benefits for the top five brackets, the income tax payers, and for business in those fields than there were in ours. Mr. President, there are people across this country that truly need the down and out, the poor, who look at you and they say, yeah, he is the nicest man and we like him, but his policies are causing misery. They're hurting us, we're hungry, and they don't understand, they say, if he cares about why are we hurting? What do you say to Dave, I tell you what I would like to be able to say that they don't have a chance to say to them is that, sure, when someone is having, down in his bucket, it's having hard times, and they'd like to have someone to blame, they have heard a steady drum beat that we are to blame, and what we're doing with the budget. Now, let me just point something on back when I was governor, and we conducted the most comprehensive welfare reforms that have ever been performed in this country. We saved, at the state level, it doesn't sound so big at the federal level, but we saved some two billion dollars in California to the tax payers with our reforms, and yet, at the same time, we're able to increase the grants for the truly needy people on welfare by 43%, and they have not had an increase in their grants since 1958, and I am now talking about in the 1970s that our reforms took place. Now, they've been told over and over again that because we're trying to hold down government spending, but somehow we're taking it out of their hands, we are spending more on food for the hungry, more on the needy, more on the healthcare that has ever been spent in the history of this country, but what is difficult to explain to them is that we've supported that, we've advocated and helped and have an office right here in the White House to tell people, the community that lives, what other people have found out they can do with other communities. Yes, that is a worthwhile thing, and probably were unique in this country, the New England country, where they start to do this. Just the other day, we saw a family on television in the news, wiped out before Christmas, although it gives them their home and everything else, and a few days later in the news, we saw where people from all over the United States, just on their own, were sending money and craftsmen and workers were coming from all over the country to help rebuild their house, free. That's great. If that would happen to every person who is in vacancies, the meetings in Geneva, the meetings with people who have been shooting each other for the last 14 years, coming together, the attempts on the part of President Jamile to broaden the base of his government and take in these dissident groups of Lebanese, all of this was offering a promise of success and the radicals and backed by Syrian who don't want success, who don't want peace in Lebanon, except on their terms. They are trying to drive the multinational force out because then they can have their way. If that happens, if we would yield to terrorists and say, well, we're just going to get out, the terrorists of the world know that all they have to do is perform their vicious acts and they can control the conduct of even great nations. Worse than that, it would mean the end of any possibility of long-term peace in the whole Middle East and it would probably be to war between Syria and Israel. And I don't think there could be any government of the United States that would ever stand by and see the state of Israel destroyed. Let me move to Saudi Arabia. You have said a long time, the only way to negotiate arms reduction is to do something. We have refurbished the military to a point where we haven't completely caught up with the great buildup of the Soviets, but we've caught up enough. Previous to this, you sit down with any negotiation with the Soviets and an administration says, we're going to cancel this weapon system. We're not going to build this bomber, not going to build this other program. They didn't have to give us anything in the line of disarmament. There was a campaign saying, no more of these limitation treaties like salt, where you went and what you tried to set was a ceiling on how fast you would add additional weapons. I said, let's have negotiations where we try to reduce the number we presently have on both sides. Would you make concessions to get the Soviets back to the negotiating table? We have been more flexible. They are the ones who have been adamant. They have not come back when we meet some terms of theirs and say, all right, let's negotiate on this. They have nothing to offer. You're saying, no, we won't make further concessions. No, we're saying, we'll be able to come on back. They made a statement of the start talks. They made one statement about something. They were willing to discuss a certain number of missiles, a certain number of planes, a certain number of missiles and submarines. And we've said, we're ready to talk on that. We'd like to then throw in some limitations on the number of warheads, total warheads, because each missile carries more than one warhead. They haven't come back. They're waging a propaganda campaign to try and scare our European allies into repudiating their request for the intermediate range missiles. Remember, we didn't start the Pershings and the cruise missiles for the NATO countries. They asked for that in 1979. They asked. And it was decided that the previous administration that we would provide those weapons, they did for it. And we're doing it. Deficits. Most people of Congress under the Constitution, which spends money, there is not one word of the Constitution to give the President the right to spend money. I don't have the control of that budget. They determine that. Now, the deficit has never been raised by them as a problem in all these years. But many of us, for 25 years, I've been making speeches that we cannot go on with deficit spending. And for most of those 40 years the Democrats told us deficit spending was all right. We owe it to ourselves. So we're not letting it. Right now. Right now we're out. Okay. The cuts in spending that I have asked for, and that's all I can do is ask and try to pressure them into it. My public decision, let me tell you, would be $40 billion of the present deficit right now if they had given the spending that I asked for in 1981. That would be it. So we're asking, so we're saying want to get into us now. This is where


Hello, so we continue discussing those exercises that I left out last time, so there are three exercises that we discussed. First one was exercise 1 that you see in the slides, we explained how the parsimall formula could be used to calculate this integral for sine squared chi d chi upon chi squared over the real line. For the second one I given you a hint, I said if you take this Cauchy distribution little f of s, then this Cauchy distribution is a Fourier transform of some known function capital f of s. Now by now you may have guessed or may have gone and referred to the nodes and you would have found out what this f of s is. Let me give it to you, it is e to the power minus s mod x, s is positive we are going to take s positive e to the power minus s mod x.  On the other hand if you take the Fourier transform of little f of s you are going to get back e to the power minus s mod x because e to the power minus s mod x is an even function and f s of chi is also an even function of chi. So, if you have two even functions f and g then if g is f hat then f will be g hat. So, you take the convolution of f s and f of t and take its Fourier transform.   Trying to directly use the definition of convolution to compute the integral is going to be messy, but you could try it and you could see whether you get the same result. Then we discuss the Fourier transform of this particular function 1 upon cos a x. I already told you which contour to integrate. You must integrate it over a rectangle in the contour, put down the definition of the Fourier transform. The problem amounts to computing this integral i chi and then you must integrate it over a rectangle using Cauchy's theorem which holomorphic function are equal to choose f of z equal to cos chi z upon Cauchy's a z. a is positive real number. You can take chi also to be positive real and cos chi z upon Cauchy's a z. You take a rectangle as I indicated here and you must choose the height of the rectangle in such a way that the integral over the top is a multiple of the integral over the base. So, z along the top part of the rectangle will be x plus i t. So, you get Cauchy's of a x plus a i t. So, the t happens to be pi by a. If I choose the t to be pi by a, then I get Cauchy's of a x plus i pi which is minus Cauchy's x. So, the new integral that you will get will be similar. Of course, in the top part you will have to use the addition formula for cosine and you will get two terms and the algebra is fairly routine and you can carry it out. Of course, there is one small thing there is a simple pole of the function f of z inside the rectangular contour and there is an isolated pole i pi by 2 a and you have to find the residue of the function at a simple pole. So, how do you find the residue of the function f of z at a simple pole p? You simply have to multiply by z minus p and take the limit as z tends to p. You can use Lopital's rule for the purpose and so that is a routine Fourier transform calculation using complex analysis. Let us take the next problem f and g are in L1 show that the convolution f star g is again in L1 further the L1 norm of f star g is less than or equal to the product of the L1 norms of f and g. It is a simple application of Fubini's theorem. So, what is f star g? f star g of x is integral f y g of x minus y but now we have to integrate again with respect to x. So, it is a repeated integral and you take the modulus of everything and you reduce it to a double integral or switch the order of integrations. The Fubini's theorem has to be used and you will easily get that it is less than or equal to norm f times norm g. Now, if f and g are non-negative then you can say slightly more and I will leave that to you. This inequality is a very particular case of a more general inequality called the Young's convolution theorem. Let me explain to you what the Young's convolution theorem is. If f is in Lp and g is in Lq and I try to take the convolution of f f and g, if I try to find what is f star g, write it as an integral. Integral f of y g of x minus y dy will this integral be finite and if so in which Lp class will it lie?  So, if p is 1 and q is 1 then r equal to 1 will work in fact r equal to 1 is the only r that will work and so it follows from the Young's convolution theorem that if f and g are in L1 then f star g is again in L1. Here I am asking you to prove a very special case of Young's convolution theorem directly using Fubini theorem. On the other hand the other interesting case when p and q are both 2 if p is 2 and q is 2 then 1 upon r must be 0 so r must be infinity. So, the Young's convolution theorem says that if you take two functions f and g in L2 then the convolution should be in L infinity. The product will be in L1 of course, but the convolution will be L infinity that is what the Young's convolution theorem is trying to say.  Let us start very modestly let us take f and g to be the Schwarz class because the Schwarz class S will be contained in every LP. So, certainly this S Schwarz class is dense in L2. So, let us begin with f and g in S we certainly know that the convolution integral makes sense. So, f star g of x is a well defined real number there is no problem. What we need to do is to get this estimate that f star g of x is less than or equal to the L2 norm of f into L2 norm of g. Can you use the Cauchy Schwarz inequality on the convolution integral f star g of x is integral f of y g of x minus y d y. So, it is a integral over the real line of a product f of y and g of x minus y. If we use the Cauchy Schwarz inequality then you will get this inequality here. Now the next thing that we need to do is to try to see whether this inequality will persist if I resort to some kind of an approximation argument. Suppose I fix x for the time being and I take a f in L2 and I take a g also in L2. Now since the Schwarz class S is dense in L2 I can take a sequence f n's converging to f in L2 and I can take a sequence g n's converging to g in L2 and I certainly know that f n star g n x will be less than or equal to f n L2 norm g n L2 norm. The question is whether these f n star g n x will they converge to some number if they do then that would be the right candidate. Of course then we have to answer a tricky question. Suppose I take two different sequences converging to f and two different sequences converging to g will the corresponding sequences converge to the same limit. All these questions should be thought through and I am leaving that as an exercise for you. The next problem on computing convolutions. So take the characteristic function of the interval minus 11. We have been using this already a few times. Its Fourier transform is what? Two times sine chi by chi. We just used it in exercise one. But now let us take f star f. I want you to explicitly compute f star f. Note that the characteristic function of minus 11 is not going to be continuous. It is not a continuous function. It is discontinuous at minus 11.  So that is what you are supposed to check.  I am going to get a class c1 function. More generally if I take characteristic functions of i1, characteristic functions of i2, characteristic function of i3, etc.  Then this convolution k-fold convolution will be of class ck minus 2. You can try to check that. In fact the proof of this last claim is available in Rudin's functional analysis. Now let me now give some background behind this problem. Suppose I ask you to produce a c infinity function with compact support. I want a c infinity function whose support is the interval say 0, 1. How do you go about doing it? One way to do it is let us take for example the convolution of the characteristic function of 0, 1, 0, 1, 4, etc. I keep taking the convolutions of these intervals and these repeated convolutions I can expect that they would converge f1 star f2 star fk. I created a sequence of smoother and smoother functions as I take more and more factors and hopefully the limit will be a smooth function and the support will be the sum of the intervals i1 plus i2 plus ik. And you can use this idea to produce non-trivial elements in the space of smooth function with compact support. Again I refer you to Rudin's functional analysis for such an argument. The next problem sin x upon x is not in l1. Remember integral sin x upon x from minus infinity to infinity is a conditionally convergent improper Riemann integrable. The mod sin x upon x diverges. So sin x upon x is not an l1 function but it is an l2 function. Sin squared x upon x squared is integrable. So sin x upon x being in l2 has a Fourier transform. How do you find the Fourier transform of sin x upon x? Because we know by Plancherel's theorem that sin x upon x will have a Fourier transform because it is in l2. Now one way to do it would be to simply proceed formally. Simply take sin x upon x multiplied by e to the power minus i x chi and integrate. Sin x upon x is an even function. So the integral will be integral from minus infinity to infinity sin x upon x into cos x chi. Sin x cos x chi. Try to use a de-factorization formula. If you try to use a de-factorization formula and try to perform the integration. Of course you will run into some difficulties. You could try to see whether you can use the e to the power minus epsilon x squared trick to get around the difficulty. Again I leave the amusing calculations for you to check and you may actually get the result. Now that result ought to be the characteristic function of minus 1 1. Because that is what the inversion theorem will predict. The inversion theorem will predict that the Fourier transform of 2 sin x upon x must be the characteristic function of minus 1 1. You can see whether this formal argument with e to the power minus epsilon x squared trick produces the characteristic function of minus 1 1 with a half factor thrown in. Next is the Titchmarsh convolution theorem. Suppose f and g are two functions in L1. And assume that f vanishes outside the interval i and g vanishes outside an interval j. Then you have to show that the convolution f star g vanishes outside the interval i plus j. Remember i and j are intervals in the real line. So what is the symbol i plus j mean? It means the set of all points x plus y where x is picked from i and y is picked from g. Set of all points x plus y such that x is in i and y is in j that is i plus j. And you have to show that the support of f star g is contained in support of f plus support of g. In other words f star g will vanish outside the set support of f plus support of j. This is a inequality. Now you will wonder will this inequality become inequality? Will the inclusion be strict? Answer is yes. The inclusion will in general be strict. But what is remarkable is that if I take the convex hull of support of f and convex hull of support of g and convex hull of support of f star g and work with the convex hulls then you get an equality. Convex hull of support of f star g equals convex hull of support of f plus convex hull of support of g. The next problem phi is in the Schwarz class and I cook up a new function summation n from minus infinity to infinity phi of x plus 2 pi n. You must go back to the first chapter and recall the derivation of the Jacobi theta function identity. So there we started with e to the power minus tau t squared and I took a summation n from minus infinity to infinity e to the power minus tau into t plus 2 pi n the whole square n goes from minus infinity to infinity. And we use that 2 pi periodic function. We found the Fourier series or the 2 pi periodic function and we use the basic convergence theorem and we equated the Fourier series in the original function and we got the beautiful identity which was the theta function identity. I want you to do the same thing instead of e to the power minus tau t squared. Take any general phi in the Schwarz class and imitate the same thing, imitate the same thing, find the Fourier coefficients of this capital phi x. Of course, as in the previous case of Jacobi theta function identity here also you will have the job of exchanging summations and integrals. First you have to show that when a sum little phi x plus 2 n pi n going from minus infinity to infinity the sum is a smooth function that also you have to check. And the Fourier transform has to be computed and the Fourier transform has to be evaluated at the integer points k and you are going to get the Fourier coefficients. And what you are going to get the original function capital phi equal to its Fourier series that equality is called the Poisson summation formula. It is a beautiful generalization of what you did in the first chapter. So, these were some of the exercises that I would like you to discuss and I would like you to work out in detail. I have given you lots of hints and I sketched the solutions of many of these exercises. Please carry out the details, please work out the details because that is the only way you learn the fundamental principles of Fourier transform. The next item is to look at Fourier transforms in several variables. So, we will talk about radial functions. We will prove that the Fourier transform of a radial function is another radial function. And we will see that the Fourier transform of a radial function in odd dimensions is a sine transform and in even dimensions it is given by a Bessel transform. First we have to discuss Fourier transforms in several variables. We will have to introduce a Schwarz space in several variables. Again, it is not difficult to do this. I think we will do this in the next lecture. I have just given you a preview of what is to come. Thank you very much.


This video is a quick recap of our detailed review of the Yoga 6 on our website, so just click this little linky link and you'll see its current price, comparisons and much more. But if you don't have time for it, stay with us here. The Yoga 6 is a thin and light 13-inch machine for those who are always on the go and need a fast notebook suitable for content creation. It comes in a dark, teal color with an aluminum lid and a plastic base. All of the metal that's present on the laptop is recycled, while the packaging and power adapter is made from plastic from water bottles. Despite that, the Yoga 6 looks really good. Deerability is another thing entirely as the lid uses its metal construction and glass covered to great effect, remaining flex-free. The plastic base is a different story as the material is quite soft. Lenovo could have included some metal bracing on the inside to remedy the issue which should be fixed with third-of-generations. In terms of dimensions, the laptop weighs 1.37 kg and has a profile of 17.45 mm, which is good. As this is a convertible, the hinges are stiffer, which leads to some difficulty when opening the lid with one hand. However, it does leave the backside of the base, which leads to a better typing experience from the keyboard, which comes with pretty long key travel and clicky feedback. It also has a backlight, so you're covered even during the night. The touchpad is made from glass and is fast, responsive and smooth. You can also click the entire surface, which makes us really happy. Other features you will also see on the base are the two speaker cutouts and the fingerprint reader. Going to the sides, we see a well-populated eye hole with two USB Type-C 5 gigabit ports an HDMI 2.0 port and an audio jack on the left. On the other side, we see two full-sized USB 5 gigabit ports and a microSD card reader. On the front, we see a Full HD Plus IPS display with a 13.3-inch diagonal. It doesn't get as bright as we wanted to, originally 262 nits, but it still covers 100% of the sRGB color gamut. It also manages to get really accurate colors, thanks to our design and gaming profile, which results in a delta E value of 0.6. This is impressive, even the fact that the human eye can't really distinguish the difference between 1.0 and below. We'll have all our profiles linked in the upper right corner and in the description below. Only 2 per 100 people watching this video are subscribers. If you decide to just start following us, we'll be able to reinvest more in our laboratory, thus making even more helpful videos for you. Thank you, you're awesome! The Full HD display also goes easy on your battery, as the 59 bar tower unit here lasts for 11 hours and 40 minutes of web browsing, or 10 hours and 30 minutes of video playback. These results were accomplished with the Ryze 7 5700U, which is a Zen 2-based 8-core 16-thread CPU. The chip offers great 3D rendering performance when compared to most Alder Lake U series processors. It is slower in Photoshop, but within you'll be happy with it. Since the CPU is relatively easy to keep cool, you get only one heatpipe and one fan. The Ryze 7 boosts to 29 watts in the first 10 seconds, lowering down to 25 watts in the next 20 seconds. In the long run, it maintains a stable 15W TDP and temperature of just 73°C. In terms of comfort, their laptop is both cool and quiet, with a base temperature of just 37°C. As this is a pretty small device, there is little space inside for RAM slots, which is why all the 16GB of LPDDR4X memory is soldered. There is one M.2 SSD slot for Gen4 SSDs, but since Zen 2 doesn't support it, the drive will be downgraded to Gen3 speeds. You can check out our tier-down video, which shows how to get inside the Lenovo Yoga 6. The Yoga 6 is so far Lenovo's best effort in becoming greener and with a small change to the design and the base, it can be a fantastic portable machine for designers and creative professionals, who like a smaller form factor and want a portable machine. In the future, we would like to see the latest processors, which bring new and better technologies. If you want to see more tests and details about the device, you can check out our in-depth review. The link is in the video description below.


From Santa Clara, California, it's the Cube. Covering Technovation World Pitch Summit 2019. Brought to you by SiliconANGLE Media. Now, here's Sonia Tagare. Hi, and welcome to the Cube. I'm your host, Sonia Tagare, and we're here at Oracle's Ag News Campus, covering Technovation's World Pitch Summit 2019, a pitch competition in which girls from around the world develop mobile apps in order to create positive change in the world. With us today, we have Teen LTSN from Spain. Welcome. And the team members are Paula Fernandez-Rosa, Sandra Comanio-Gomez, Nuriya Bioria, Lucia Fernandez, and Luthia Idrian Tovar. Welcome to the Cube. Thank you. So your app is called When and Where. Tell us more about that. Well, When and Where is an app that detects anomalies when you go out to work or run. It's to ensure women's safety. And it obtains your location in real time. And if something happens, for example, if you stop or if you aren't getting near to your destination, it calls the emergency contact or the emergency services. Wow. And so can you tell us how a user would go through it step by step? Yes. First of all, you need to establish a contact. So then you have two different modes. The start mode, which is for when you, for example, go running. And when you stop, the app detects that anomaly. So it sends you a message. And if in case of emergency, it goes the emergency contact. And the other mode, it's the take me to mode. So that's when you, for example, want to go home. And so if you don't follow your route, the app sends you an alert. And in case of emergency, it sends a message to your contact. Wow. I feel like that could be really useful. Yes. Is that a big problem in Spain? Yes, it is actually. Well, Lucia will explain it better. Okay. Yeah. We saw this problem in our community. And when they gave us the opportunity to try to help in some way, we thought, well, we can try to create this application and focus on it. In our country, there have been a lot of women murdered and kidnapped. And we thought that it was something very, very important. I'm, that's amazing. So how did you all come up with this idea? Well, it all began when we heard about the murder of Laura Luelmo, that made us became aware with the magnitude of the problem. So we wanted to do something that would be helpful for us. So we did this application. Wow. And what problems or struggles did you go through creating this app? Well, I think that the worst thing was the time because we had like a really short time to do this application and to develop it because we started in February and we had to, we had the deadline in April. So for us, the time was the most difficult part. Also the programming, the coding, but that was because we had to learn coding. So yeah, the time was our difficult part. If you get funding, where do you see this app in five years? Well, we want to continue developing this app and improving it because we really need this app. We want to add new languages and also introduce it in iOS to iPhone users to use it also. And in 50 years we would like this app to continue working, but hopefully maybe this problem will disappear. That's great. So tell us more about your experience at Technovation.  So we discovered Technovation in high school. Our technology teacher showed us the contest and we decided to join and we are all friends. So it was like easy to work because we already know each other. So that's the best part. And we really wanted to do something that could be useful for us. So we decided to start the challenge with that idea. That's awesome. What's been the best part of the experience so far? This trip, actually. Yeah. It's been amazing. It's actually one of the best trips of my life and we are all having a great time here. That's awesome. So thanks so much for coming on. We really appreciate it. And good luck for tonight. Thank you so much. Thank you. This is team LPSN from Spain. Thanks so much for watching. Stay tuned for more.