Okay, welcome back to our next class. So we've been looking at certain foundations of marriage. We've covered a couple of chapters. We're going to be going back one chapter, and this is one of the last foundational truth that we're going to be looking at at this section. From next week to next lecture on, we're going to be looking at more practical elements of a good marriage. So this is one of the last foundational chapter that we're going to look at. And one way to progress to oneness is by fulfilling roles in marriage. So one of the ways we've been looking at how do we, what does it mean to be one? What does it mean to build oneness? In the last chapter we did look at a personal preparation of transforming our attitudes, our temperament as well as our behavior to enhance this oneness. And now today we're going to be looking at fulfilling the roles that God has instructed for us in scripture. So it's wonderful to know that God just did not leave us in the lurch and help us try, I mean, you know, make us figure out what we need to be, what are the roles we need to be assuming when we are in this important institution of marriage. So when we look at scripture, we see that there are specific guidelines, specific instruction on the roles of a husband and a wife on the way that we relate to one another, the way that we are in the marriage as well as in the family. So there are specific instruction. And what we're going to be doing in this chapter is to understand what does God expect of us as a husband and as a wife and learn to walk in these roles as well as find contentment in these roles because they have been instructed and given to us by God. So this could mean a lot of changing in the way that we have thought about our own personal roles or the roles of our spouse. So be willing to unlearn unschooled first so that you can be schooled in the instruction of God's word, specifically on roles. So before we establish these roles, let's establish one main important truth about marriage. And that's what we find in 1 Peter 3-7, the verse that Charles was referring to. So 1 Peter 3-7, and I want to read it from another version. And I will read that. Okay, so 1 Peter 3-7, it says, in the same way you husbands must give honor to your wives, treat her with understanding as you live together. She may be weaker than you are, but she is your equal partner in God's gift of new life. If you don't treat her as you should, your prayers will not be heard. Okay, so what are we establishing right here? The first and foremost thing we are establishing here is that in marriage, God sees us as equals. Okay, the husband and the wife are equals and they are also joint as in all what God gives. In the grace of God, in the spiritual gifts, every grace that he releases, we are equal. We are joint as we receive it together. Okay, so what does this mean in practical terms is that none, either the husband or the wife, does not consider themselves superior or inferior or in a better standing with who, before God. Okay, and they are treated equally because in their status, spiritual status, we are equal and none of it is earned. You and I do not earn our status. It has been given, it has been a grace that's been given to us. So we do not look at each other as unequals, but we look at each other at the same part in whatever God has graced us with and we treat also each other as equal. So we are equals, we are joint as in every gift and grace, spiritual gift and grace that he has released on to us. We are also interdependent. So we picked this up from two verses from a passage in 1 Corinthians 11, although it may not be completely discussing about marriage, but we are taking the principles of it here. Okay, so it is in 1 Corinthians 11, 11 to 12. In our life in the Lord, however, woman is not independent of man, nor is man independent of woman, for as woman was made from man, in the same way, man is born a woman and it is God who brings everything into existence. So these verses emphasize that God designed both a man and a woman to be interdependent. That is, we cannot claim that we can do things without the other. So a good thing about marriage is the opportunity to take from what my spouse may be strong in and receive support in what I may be weak in. So it is interdependence. I'm sure each of you who may be married can find limitless examples and the way that God has placed the two of you all together, so much so that there is interdependence, right? Like if there is one person who is a more organized one, there may be the other who's a little scatterbrained, right? Or there must be one who is probably talkative, the other one may be a bit more reserved. It could be. I mean, you could find so many combinations in this thing, you know, within marriage, but you are interdependent and that's the truth that scripture brings about, that when God sees us, it is not one person is one notch higher than the other and he didn't design marriage so that there could be, you know, beating down. It is interdependence. So the truth that we establish as we get into this chapter on understanding roles is both husband and wife is an equal and they are joint heirs of God's grace and God's gifts and they are interdependent. They are designed to be interdependent so that, you know, you can do the work of God. Now this often can, this truth can sometimes be a challenge for probably men who come from social cultural backgrounds who have been, who have seen their, you know, their fathers or their grandfathers and the way that women are considered. So from the culture I come from, now in India you have, you know, multiple states and each culture is very dynamic, very different, right? So in the culture that I come from, usually the, so I remember my mother saying this that when she first got married, she got married and, you know, my father's family was a big family. He's got six siblings. So when they would sit together for maybe food and, you know, for a meal, all the men would sit first, okay? After the men finish, all the children would sit and only then the women sit, right?  But all the good things would have finished by the time it comes to the women. So my mom used to say that my granddad, so when I'm talking about joint families, these are also times when there are uncles and, you know, granduncles and like huge families. So sometimes, you know, a godly, a very respectful man, what he'd do is he'd take rice and, you know, if there was egg or if there was fish, which is, you know, not very common at that point of time for the whole family to eat, so it must be something that you eat once in a while. So he would put a fish in the leaf and cover it with rice and say that, you know, I've had enough and my wife will eat from my plate. So that's how they would do that. So I do understand that there can be, in different cultures, it's the way that women are treated could be very different. But we need to change our thinking and understanding, like I said, unlearn, unschool ourselves to what scripture teaches us, that they are equal joint is alongside with us. So as we move into, so I'll take up questions maybe at the end. So if you do have a question, either you could put it up on the chat or, you know, keep your question written and we'll handle that. So we're going to be looking at specific roles of a husband and a wife. Now, when we look at this role, the roles, we do see that, you know, the places where it brings this up is in Ephesians 5, 21 to 23. And, you know, you have similar emphasis made in 1 Peter 3, 1 to 9 as well. And it reflects a lot of what God instructs for a marriage. And when we look at the roles in marriage, there is a parallel that we are given of Christ to the church. And it compares its relationship, the marriage relationship to the relationship to the standard that is between Christ and the church. So if that's the standard God has set for us as husbands and wives, we need to know that, like Charles was saying, it's difficult, yes. But when he has set a standard, you can be sure that he will empower you to do it if you're willing to walk in step with what he wants us to be.   Okay? So what we're going to be doing is we will read the scripture and we will pick out the roles that both the husband and the wife needs to be instructed in. So I will move into Ephesians 5 21 to 23. Okay? And I'm on page 42. Yeah, I'm on page 42. And I'm just, I wouldn't probably go through everything but I'm just going to highlight what is written in these, you know, the roles that are written in the verses. I'm not going to go through the entire scripture. You can take time to read it after class. But to help us see what have been specific instructions that have been given to us. Okay? So I'm at Ephesians 5 21 to 23. So verse 21, it says, be reverent to one another in some other verses. It talks of, I think the word that is used instead of reverence is just a minute, I'm just looking at, it is submission. Okay? You will submit to one another out of reverence for Christ. So that's the, that's what is written there. So out of respect for Christ, be courteously reverent or be submissive to one another. Okay? Verse 22, wives understand and support your husbands verse 23, husbands provide leadership to his wife. Verse 24, wives should likewise submit to their husbands just as the church submits to Christ as he exercises his leadership. Okay? Verse 25, husbands go out, all out in your love for your wives and it describes what does that love mean, which we will look into. Verse 31, it says, and this is why a man leaves his father and mother and cherishes his wife. So there's cherishing. And verse 31, and this provides a good picture of how each husband to treat his wife, loving himself and loving her, which means that is more of a love that is unconditional and how each wife is to honor her husband. Okay? Moving on, I'm going to be going through the, through the other verses also. That's the end. Colossians 3, 18 to 19, it says wives submit, verse 18 says wives submit to your husbands. And verse 19 says, love husbands, love your wives. Verse Peter 3, verse 1 says, be good to your wife, be good wives to your husbands, responsive to their needs. Okay? And verse 7 says, verse 7 says, the same goes for your husbands, be good husbands to your wives, honor them, delight in them and treat your wives as equals. So your prayers don't run, run a ground. And if you look at the summing up in verse 8, it talks about be agreeable, be sympathetic, be loving, be compassionate, be humble. Verse 9, no retaliation, no sharp tongue, this is for everybody. Okay? Yeah.  So if you look at these verses, it describes how husbands and wives ought to relate to one another. And it definitely sets a significant high standard when this is being compared to what Christ, how Christ is to his church and the church should be to Christ. Okay? So if the Lord is the one who has set us the standard, we must be following it. So let us, maybe we'll summarize this and look at the key roles and the responsibilities that the husband has. So the first one, looking back into this, we see as love as Christ loves. So if you're looking at the way Christ loved the church, he loved the church with an unconditional love. It is the God kind of love. Okay? The love that goes without expecting anything back, a love that continues to go on, committed and faithful and being, and something that does not change. That's the love that husbands, you are called to have for your wives. Now this is specified in the unconditional love we're talking about is specified in the characteristics of 1 Corinthians 13, 4 to 8, what it talks about, love is, okay? Love being kind, love being patient, you know, that entire range of love words that are there, okay? Being patient, being kind, not being jealous or boastful or proud, not wanting your own way, not being selfless, love is not being selfish, love is not being irritable, it does not bring back the wrongs. It's always something that rejoices in the truth, it doesn't give up, it doesn't fail, it does not lose faith, it's hopeful, endures and something that will last forever. So you have a picture of what kind of love do we love our wives? Now when you see this, it's almost like a gasp. But like I said, if God has called us to do this, you can be sure that he will empower you the more that you yield to his word, okay? Now the kind of love that Christ has loved us with is also a sacrificial love, giving up all of himself, giving up whatever he had, stooped himself down for us, his church, gave up his life, that again showing sacrificial, sacrificial nature, and denying whatever he had been, denying of his, denying his majesty and coming down to us as a baby, right? Now this kind of love is also about building and enriching. So this is the love that Christ has loved the church with, an example for the husbands. The second is being able to nourish. Nourish is to encourage, to empower them to grow in all the graces God has intended for them, okay? To nourish them, to nurture them also, not just in encouraging them in their gifts, but also taking care of the needs that they may have, be it physical needs, their emotional needs or their spiritual needs. So husbands, you will need to learn how to nourish your wife's emotional needs. So when she cries, she comes crying to you, nourishing it. So that would be not fixing it and giving her a solution, but maybe hearing her out and empathizing with her on how she's feeling would be a great way of nourishing your wives, okay? Next is to cherish. Cherish means it's like how you get a gift and you treat it special, you know? And that would be taking time to spend with your wife, being able to communicate and talk and discuss and openly share things with your wife and allowing her to communicate as well. Cherishing her by knowing that she is beautiful, she is lovely, that you know, you're madly in love with her. And again, this is not just about, you know, the physical aspect of sex, but also in non-sexual ways, how is it that you can cherish her to show that she's special, okay? How do you trust her? You know, when you do trust her to make right choices or do the right things, that is also a way of cherishing. Cherishing can also be when the husband supports her in daily practices of life, when you make things easier and lighter for your wife. And it is also when you cherish your wife when you are the example that God has called you to be, being in pursuit of the example or the calling that God has won. So that's how you cherish your wife. The fourth one is leading, okay? Now when we're looking at leading, this is not based on any kind of inability, okay? Not because of your physical prowess or intellectual or anything, but it is because God has designed it that way. He has placed you as the leader of the home, okay? And when we look at that, when we look at the way God designed marriage, he placed the husband as the head and the authority over the wife so that the leadership that he provides can be one of love and one of service. So the leadership should be the leadership that Christ showed being a servant, yet also being able to lead. You know, just like the shepherd leads the sheep, right? So leadership is all based not on what we understand from the world around, but from the example of Christ. So looking back at how Christ has been and has taken on that leadership, that servant leadership, that's what the husband assumes, okay? Leadership also means taking on the responsibility for the family in giving into whatever needs or provisions that the family would require, making the right decisions and guiding the children, guiding the wife. That's again another aspect of leadership that comes about, okay? The husband is also called to be that loving leader, not be authoritative, not being someone who is a dictator, okay? And that happens when you earn the trust and the submission of your wife also. That does not mean the wife does not submit if the husband is not a leader. That's not what that means. You earn the wives following by being that strong example of who Christ is, of being one who is compassionate, who is responsible, who has things, you know, dealt with competently, okay? So the husband being the head may not always mean that the husband may be right. As we saw in Ephesians 521, scripture teaches to be submissive to one another, but the husband also walks in that kind of a humility knowing that there may be certain points of decisions that the wife takes which needs to be taken into consideration and maybe that idea may be, you know, collectively understood as probably better could go with that decision. So it's not always having to be right or having to follow your own heart, but also to be taking the understanding and the decision, the opinions of the wife. The fifth one is to know your wife and what pleases her, what displeases her, the strengths, the weaknesses, what are her likes, her dislikes, what she would like to follow through, what are her pursuits, all of that comes in knowing your wife. The sixth one is honouring her, respecting her helping encourage all the gifts and graces that she's been given. So these are, you know, kind of key aspects of the role of what a husband plays in. Looking quickly at the role of a wife, similarly it is love, loving your husbands. Now this kind of a love comes from, of course from that unconditional love and acceptance. This acceptance or this love does not come because of the performance of the husband. It is not based on the performance, but on the understanding on knowing that he is God's gift to you. So yes, there may be a lot of imperfections, a lot of flaws in the way that he could be, but he is loved and accepted because you know that it is a gift that God has given you. The love that we talk about here and we see this in Genesis where Eve was bought to Adam as a helper and the kind of love that we're looking at is the love of the helper, meaning that you are the husband's best friend or someone who walks alongside with him, best suited to help him in all of life's calling. Now this kind of a love is also sacrificial where you demonstrate that out of your love for him you have considered him as your priority or your focus or things that you would like to see growing in him. So this kind of love just as much as it is a helper kind of a love it is just as much unconditional and sacrificial as well. This love that you need to have is being physically responsive to his needs his physical, his emotional his spiritual needs as well. The second one is of course submit often seen as a big you know as a debate in many homes what we're looking at submission is yielding to the husband. So when you yield to your husband you are actually permitting him to take on his role of a leadership his God appointed role as a leader.  So when you submit you are submitting to God and what he has appointed for your husband. The support that you give is done with in order to complete the role of your husband and not in the sense of a competition. Submission to the husband first of all means you are in alignment with what God has asked of you so that comes from an obedience. Submission also helps your husband to take on that role or take on that place as a leader. When the woman submits, when the wife submits you're also encouraging him through your submission. So what does submission not mean? Submission does not mean that you are inferior. Neither does it mean that you have lost who you are or what your individuality what you like, what your your identity is and neither does it mean it is a blind obedience to whatever and however he may treat you especially if you are being abused.  Submission means that you are completing the support that you're giving your husband with the leadership that he's giving you and also you're encouraging him through that submission and you the more that as you submit he takes on his role of a leadership. So that is when it comes to submission. The third one is respect. Respect is to so I read somewhere very beautiful and I can't remember where I read it, but it talks about how wives when you respect your husband you have a head of respect, you have hands of respect and you have a heart of respect. So a head of respect is what you think about your husband because what you think is what you will say so often as women when you get together there may be times that you are talking about your husband's what you actually say reflects your head of respect, whether it's of respect or of disrespect then there's a heart of respect what you feel towards your husband is he seen as God's gift to you as somebody who love and you cherish and you respect so a heart of respect and hands of respect what do you do to show him that you respect him maybe it is spending time it's maybe even cooking a good meal or it can be you know doing things that he likes or whatever it may be you know whatever it means for you to have those hands of respect so it's just not having a heart but a head as well as a hand of respect so it involves a lot of appreciation it involves considering things that he does seeing it as important encouraging him at times that are difficult showing that sense of affirmation that admiration to the husband so that all comes under respecting and even thinking about him in ways that are respectful the fourth one of course is help as he has been called the helper it is by showing your support your assistance your encouragement for what he does and what he wants to do to bring about the family so even as we looked at these different roles we do know that you know I think all of us who are married knows that we have not been you know when we look at this as a check box it can be quite difficult to see it because we are not perfect in the way that we have assumed these roles but he has described it for us on how we need to conduct ourselves and like I said if it is our desire to grow in this he will empower us so if he has called us into something he will empower us if he has called you into marriage to fulfill the roles that he wants you to then empower you because as each of us fulfill these roles the marriage definitely is going to be a blessing and it leads to oneness and it leads to something that is that really exhibits God's design for marriage alright we have around 20 minutes and that's good and I want to I think first before we get questions I'd probably like to hear some ways either you know we don't want to hear only perfect stories even imperfect stories really help us to know that we are not alone so any way that you feel you have fulfilled but you know or you're finding something hard to fulfill and you're really asking God for the grace to do welcome some discussions and some testimonies or some sharing yes ok maybe I'll start I'll get the ball rolling so one of the things that has been that makes my husband and me different is so by nature you know I have I feel I need to be very organized with things I need to do so when I get up in the morning or even the previous night I already have some kind of a schedule for the next day saying ok this is all that is going to come about these are my responsibilities these are things I need to do so you know maybe in a minute I think I can scan through a day and say ok these are the things that I have to get done I may not necessarily need a paper every you know for daily things so that of course you know puts a sense of a very strong expectation of how things should follow so there's almost like it's like a flow chart one goes in from it's one into the other and in my head it actually you know works like like a machine and I'm sure there are some of you who actually identify with this principle or with the way of working and it's not just helped probably in the way that I do work but even how I maybe maintain a home whereas you know my husband you know needs a lot more of he's more at the moment ok this is something I have to do now that's what I will do now that's something that I'll have to do then I will think about it then right so what happened was you know when we had kids I had significant things planned for the way that maybe my kids they go and so there were times that you know he would fumble with it and I would get upset and so much so that I would begin to assume a lot more of those roles that he could as a father do but in a very very different way very unlike mine and it was a big struggle I actually you know often had to sit back almost tie my hands and say ok it's ok let it be done the way he does it and you know it's good in that in the way that he does it so often I wanted to take on some of the probable roles that he had as a father because it wasn't done in the frame that I thought was perfect but it took me I think it took us two kids to really understand it better and I had to do a lot of unlearning and he had to be doing a lot of bucking up through that but it was it wasn't easy there have been times when you know there were arguments there were situations that we've there have been different situations that we've we've struggled through that but it was there were certain choices that we made at certain points of time to fulfill that specific role of you know letting go and allowing the other person to take on so yeah so that's been just a very broad example for me I would love to hear from others as well since I got the ball rolling gave you a very poor example of how I managed initially have I put all of you to sleep with my bedtime story I don't hear anybody yes go ahead you have you have a story Sam I've had so many I've probably just particularly got fun but I think a little similar but also a little different is I am I think me and my wife I'm the one who plans things and needs things to go according to the plan and also in a way that this thing that no one I mean if it has to be done right I have to do it kind of thing I can do it the best way the way I want it that I think would often so in an attempt to do everything and see yeah in an attempt to do a lot I think one is I would enjoy it but over time with kids I have two kids now I think it created a lot of frustration in me where I was not able to do a lot and also we both realized it's a very hard way that I had actually not by not letting my wife actively be my helper but more like a dependent where you know I mean that's kind of not exactly but spoiled her in a lot of ways where you know I would end up doing more some things then she would just wait on me but with the kids that it became too much and I started getting too frustrated and then but you know we learned a lot of lessons that way and then I realized that I have to depend on her more and let go of the control and this need to do everything and having done initially it was difficult but over I think it's been two years now I think two to three years where she like we I think earlier if what was 90-10 is now more like a 50-50 and for me it's very liberating that I don't have to worry so much but at the same time I have come to appreciate and admire my wife's strength, courage to take on so much of all the responsibilities and I realize now that you know from early on if I had realized this and we would have avoided so many so many I think heartaches and fights and issues and all of those things so that's my overview without getting into specifics just on broad I appreciate that, I appreciate your honesty anybody else or if you like questions we have another 10 minutes you can throw up a question if I can share my yes honey go ahead yeah I am from Arrange marriage and the thing is that I am from Mumbai and he is from Bangalore like I am born and brought up there so our lifestyle our talking style everything is different and in south like it is maybe like more point and more to the point that they would talk but in Mumbai it is very like friendly manner and all that so many times it would happen that he would not understand my manner of speaking he would feel that he is disrespected and it was like we had different time shift he used to work in night shift as to work in day shift so there was no time even to communicate so well and like very difficult to breach that gap over the period of time then we have had a child and when she wish to fall fall sick he had his type of treatment now we should like you know babies fall sick and that thing what mother wants to do is different what father wants to do is different and everything is clashing then we are thinking that what is going to happen with the child like that I went through all that but in all of this like there were times it was very difficult to put everything together we thought like he used to speak and I also used to think that no it is not going anywhere like that but I used to pray God like it is your will that we should not set apart we have to be together till death makes us apart so and I just keep focusing on God and do my part because this is not the thing that I can talk and sort out which has to be something like maybe a behavioural changes behaviour each other's attitudes to understand it needs more of a time to spend with each other to actually understand each other's perspective so we had to give that time I just submitted everything into God's hand and now I can say that yes I am enjoying it thank you Anika, thank you for sharing thank you Nisha for sharing too yeah I can you know these situations can be hard when you do not get support from a spouse and the burden falls heavily on one spouse and so much more when nothing works right I say you know bring it to the Lord because change of heart comes from the Lord a lot of times when we may not know like we said there are so many cultural expectations cultural ways that things are done that to know that you know it is okay to support your spouse at even household chores it can be a revelation in itself so to bring it to the Lord do not be discouraged I know maybe a lot of us feel the way that Nisha feels but do not be discouraged God sees God will you be faithful in what you need to do and attempt talking sharing bringing it up because there can be a change that can come by yes Harrison I think you've raised your hand either for a question or for sharing okay thank you very much for the privilege I want to share little thing about my marriage and it's a very good it's a very good cause for me and I'm paying so much attention to it because there's so much and I really want to learn from it and in my own case I have an African and my wife is a European and it's a very huge difference in the cultural background is so different and when I reflect back when we started it was very tough there was no agreement and the controlling was more from her and as an African you have this cultural cultural feeling of taking position taking responsibility and so on and so forth but coming up from a Christian background there's so many things I've learned you know and from my father he would say that if I can give it time everything will blend and one thing I applied in my marriage you know was patience yeah it was patience because in those moments you know where you feel like going crazy you just need a grace of God you know to be able to like you know deeper into that situation and ask yourself what is this situation trying to tell me or what is this problem trying to teach me and it has been a process for us to come to this level of understanding because looking at her cultural background and my own cultural background we came to an agreement it's okay instead of us trying to like you know live up you know with your own beliefs or maybe you live up to my own beliefs why don't we come up you know with with a belief that you know that is recognized by just you and I so that we have a common ground you know to operate in this marriage and the only thing that comes into my mind is to have a belief in the Bible let's come up with a cultural belief that comes from the Bible that binds us together that keeps us together that makes us you know no matter where we find ourselves this is who we are and this is what we stand for so it's not like you know we are bound you know to the cultural background you know that we are coming from and this you know has really helped us you know to be able to be able to manage things you know as they come and I could say that okay you know cooking or wife you know cannot cook you know the African food but I do the cooking and I've been doing the cooking and there are so many things you know I may want to like you know you know portray you know to like you know make her feel bad you know that she cannot cook the African food but this is something I'm saying okay there is nothing in it as far as how we understand who we are and we know where we're going to because it's also good you know that we guide ourselves you know with the focus you know what is the common goal for the for the home and as much as we have our individual goals what is the common goal for the home so I think this you know has really helped us you know to really shape our minds towards the course in that we find ourselves so I just want to like you know chip in this in that patience is really really important in marriage because if we cannot be patient you may not really get what God you know has for us thank you Thank you Harrison thank you so true that even through the challenges that we may have in marriage especially when we're looking at roles I so agree with Harrison that often when we're going through difficulties we may want to see change in the other person but to ask ourselves the question God what are you teaching me through this what do you want me to learn what do you want me to change our bold questions and when we willingly submit to that you know and leave the change of our spouse to God he can do wonders with them so yeah I want to encourage I think you have a lot of encouraging messages Nisha your way and maybe those of us who haven't spoken those of us who may be going through significant struggles in our marriages I think we'll just take maybe the next couple of minutes to just pray and maybe just I'd I'd like one person to pray and then I will also close and pray if we can just pray in the spirit for some time and release words or release what God has in his heart for maybe some of us who may be struggling here to hold on with hope okay so we'll just take a few minutes to pray one of you can pray first and then I will close as well yeah okay I will pray Heavenly Father we thank you and we bless your name because you're a great God thank you for what you have opened our eyes to see and what you've opened our mind to understand thank you because the words that were here will help also go to view it a better whole thank you God because the words that we've heard today were God we're not just avoiding above Father we'll be a good fruit in our homes because we know that your marriage represents your kingdom and we pray Father that you give us the grace to go to see beyond our human imaginations and see what you have for us in our marriages we thank you Father because that these words that we hear will not just bring a change you go but will make us stronger in our homes make us stronger in our marriage we thank you God for your servant our lecture and everyone that is in this classroom we pray Holy Spirit that you will guide us and you will guide us we pray Lord that you will help us to go to fulfill all opposites you got in our marriages that your church may be glorified we ask so God that as we continue our God in this lectures we continue in this course we pray that you give us deeper understanding to what you have designed for marriage thank you Heavenly Father because we know that we hear great testimonies in our home and not problems for these I pray to Christ our Lord Jesus Amen Amen Heavenly Father we just come to you to your throne of grace Lord I thank you for every one of us who's logged in today Lord some of this Lord that we hear today are your truths your instructions for us but Lord we see how far we are away from what you want for us Lord and God right now by the power of the Holy Spirit Lord I pray that you will reach out to each one of us into our homes into our relationships into our own hearts that you will bring us in alignment to your word as hard as it can be Lord we bring before you each one of us who may feel unloved in our marriages who feel we aren't respected Lord I speak the love of God to fill these hearts in such a manner that they experience for their partners for their spouses Lord I pray you take away the pain of difficult moments over years that have gone by a heart of unforgiveness that many of us may be carrying a heart of resentment towards some things that has been said or done you teach us to be respectful but we may have not been Lord in our lives together we come to you ask you for forgiveness Lord that we do not want to walk those ways again Lord we pray that you will meet each person at their point of need Lord I speak for the husbands on this call Lord that they will take on their placement Lord their divine placement of being leaders of the home of being servant leaders of being leaders who know the best for their for their kit and for their kin those leaders who will be willing to draw the line Lord those leaders will be willing Lord to sacrifice themselves for that of their family Father Lord I pray that you will give them the boldness to stand Lord to take those responsibilities be it financial be it be it emotional be it whatever that they need to take Father that they will be those leaders that you have called them to be that they will step out in faith Master God Lord I pray God that they will be willing to love their wives to give of themselves Master Lord I pray for every husband that is being represented here Lord and and the husbands who aren't here Lord the wives who represent their husbands Father I speak God that that you will teach them from your word instruct them from your word on how to conduct themselves in their homes Lord Lord we pray God that you will bring them Lord to a greater revelation of what is expected of them as husbands Lord we pray for us as wives Lord for those of us who are wives Lord representing the wives who aren't here Lord Lord we pray God that you will teach us submission the way you demanded you wanted us to Lord allowing Lord our husbands to take on their leadership Lord Lord to know God that it is instituted for us Lord to be those helpers to be kind and respectful to be willing to take on the authority that you have placed over us Father Lord even in situations that may be hard maybe submit to you at times where we cannot bring sense into our spouse Lord or or speak understanding Father we submit to you Lord Lord I pray for each person here on this call God who are going through difficult times today who've had an altercation in the past week because of these roles that have not been fulfilled Father we pray for the supernatural work of your spirit to iron things out bring understanding Lord bring wisdom bring knowledge Lord Lord bring practical guidance Lord for each one of our life situations Lord we look to you we desire so much Lord to be in tune with your word and your instruction for us and we pray God that you will help us God help us in those daily moments that we struggle with Lord those times of tears that we have Lord that you will you will give us that hope and that encouragement we look to you God for the freedom that we would like in our marriage Lord as couples Father thank you because your blessing is there Lord when your spirit comes freely to renew us and to strengthen us thank you God thank you for everyone who's on this call minister to each one Lord as they have cried out to you today Father Lord answer them answer them may their marriage be what you have called them to be and may they find joy may they find peace and may Lord may each one of us fulfill your purposes for our homes and families thank you good God in Jesus precious name I pray amen all right God bless thank you so much we will meet again next week thank you so much thank you pastor thank you bye bye thank you ma'am


What's up, Mopar Fam? I hope everybody out there having a blessed day. As you can see, we have a whole bunch of new products on the table for frostbite, and everything you see on the table is going to let us run E85, and we're going to go over every single product on the table, so stay tuned. We are going to start off with the most expensive and probably the most important piece to the fuel system, and that's going to be the injectors. And we settled for nothing less than the best with FIC injectors from Fuel Injector Clinic. These are the 1200cc fuel injectors that can run fuel or E85, and these injectors are going to flow way more than enough fuel for us on old frostbite, so we're going to go over a little bit of the specs on these 1200cc injectors. So these 1200cc injectors in a gas NA application can make about 1548 will horsepower on gasoline or race fuel at 90% injector duty cycle. That's definitely a lot of horsepower. Now in our application, since we're switching to E85 on a supercharged E85 application, these injectors will make about 1191 horsepower will horsepower that is. So pretty much 1200 will horsepower on E85 at 90% injector duty cycle. So these injectors will definitely be way more than enough for our needs and we will be able to grow into them throughout the future of the build on frostbite. So there you go. These are the injectors we're going to be using for the E85 swap on frostbite. Definitely want to give FIC a huge thanks for getting these injectors to us as quick as they did. We ordered these injectors and we received them within a few days, so that is definitely awesome how quick they got to us. Alright, next up on the list for the E85 swap over is going to be the fuel pump assembly. Now we went with what I felt like was the best setup for our application. So we contacted Holley and we got a jam up fuel pump for the E85 swap. This is Holley's dual 450 fuel pump module assembly that will drop into any standard race fuel cell. So this will drop into any race fuel cell on the market, bolts in and definitely flows a lot of fuel. These work great with fuel or E85 and having two 450 pumps, this thing is definitely going to flow more than enough E85 for our needs. Not only that, it's going to be a pretty easy install and the wiring is going to be a piece of cake. This is a very well made unit and they have all the hard wiring already done for you and everything is pretty much ready to go and be dropped into the fuel cell. On top of the fuel hat you have basically the gas cap right here, which would be the fill port. And then you have the fuel inlet right here and this would be the return right here where my thumb's at. And then your wiring comes out the top of it. There's only four wires that runs both pumps. Definitely a super nice setup and for the money, this thing is hard to beat. It flows a lot of fuel and this thing is very, very well made. So we're going to go over a little bit of the specs of what this Holley fuel pump can do for you. So the biggest thing everybody's going to be interested in is this fuel pump can support up to 1,750 EFI horsepower at 60 psi. So on E85 we will definitely be able to flow way over 1,000 horsepower on E85 on this fuel pump module. So this is going to work perfect for our E85 Swapover on Frostbite. So again, this is a very nice fuel pump module and I definitely want to give Holley a huge thanks for getting this fuel pump to us as fast as they did and for supporting the channel. So the next product that we needed to do the E85 Swapover are these two guys right here. Now these may be small, but they pack a big punch and these are relatively new to the market. So we're going to go over a few features on both of these products and go over what makes them awesome. So the first thing we're going to talk about is this fuel regulator. Now again, these are relatively new to the market. This is a very, very well made high quality fuel pressure regulator that also has a boost reference and they also have a nice little mounting bracket made onto it as well. This is a very nice fuel regulator. We're going to go over a few of the specs real quick. So some key features with this new fuel regulator from Snow Performance is one it's made in the USA. It's adjustable from 35 to 100 psi and it has two 8 AN orb inlet and outlet ports along with an 8 AN orb return port. It's got an 8 inch hose barb for a one to one vacuum boost reference along with an 8 inch MPT gauge port. These are definitely not an offshore piece of junk fuel regulator and seeing how I have never had anything from Nitrous Express or Snow Performance ever give me any issues. This is why I decided to try out the new fuel regulator from Snow Performance. So this is going to be going on Frostbite for the E85 conversion. Now the next product up which is also relatively new is this multi fuel pump module. This thing is awesome and again not a very large item but this thing does a lot of cool features and will make your life tremendously easier when you're trying to run a multi pump fuel system. Not only that this makes wiring up your multi pump fuel system a breeze. So we're going to go over a few key features of what this multi fuel pump module from Snow Performance and Nitrous Express can do for you. So the first thing is one it takes the headache out of wiring up your multi pump fuel system. This module system is capable of running up to three fuel pumps. So this thing will work with all sorts of builds whether it's a small build or absolutely crazy extreme build having the ability to run one, two or three fuel pumps and the ability to wire them very very easily. The module assembly combines three individually fused 30 amp relay circuits into this very small package. They're also vibration and condensation resistant. It includes inputs and outputs and trigger terminals that are all set screw style terminals that makes installation quick and easy while eliminating the need for additional terminals which means fewer crimped connections means fewer potential wiring failures. So just like it says it's got three relays already built onto the board. It's got a very easy to read panel that lets you know exactly what wires need to go where it's got your battery negative right here. So you would feed battery negative to this post and on the other side you have your battery positive. So your battery hot side would be here and then here is your your three 30 amp fuses that's already wired into the board. And as far as powering your fuel pumps, it is as simple as inserting your positive and negative leads to each fuel pump in these little wiring pots. Pretty simple. Here's your trigger input as well. This is definitely I believe a very nice feature. I believe this is a really jam up product from Nitrous Express and snow performance. And if you're trying to wire up more than one fuel pump, I think this is definitely something you need to consider. This is going to make your life a lot easier when it goes to all the wiring on that new fuel system. So again, the Holley pump that we're going to be using has two fuel pumps. So we will only be using two of these outputs. But if we ever needed a third pump in the future, we have it ready to go. And it'll be nothing but just adding some simple wiring to it and we're ready to blast off. So those are the two new fuel system products from snow performance and Nitrous Express. Again, I believe these things are absolutely worth every penny and they're not tremendously expensive either. Next up on the table is going to be the largest item for the E85 Swapover and that's going to be the fuel cell. This is a 15 gallon aluminum fuel cell from Speedmaster. They make great quality products. They have a lot of different sized fuel cells and they also make a lot of other products besides fuel cells as well. But we're mainly going to talk about this fuel cell. So again, this is a 15 gallon fuel cell that we're going to be running for E85. And we're going to talk about a few key features that this fuel cell has. Just trying to get an overall size comparison here. So a few key features on the Speedmaster 15 gallon fuel cell that we are using for Frostbite. It's made out of 5051 aircraft aluminum alloy. So this thing is super, super light. Definitely going to be a lot lighter than the factory fuel tank. That's for sure. The fuel cell has a foam packing also in the base to prevent fuel aeration. It has TIG welded seams. It has a flush mount and they come with a 10 AM pickup vent and return line fittings. And all of their fuel cell models comes equipped with a 90 ohm built in fuel level sending unit. And again, this is the 15 gallon fuel cell that we're going to be using for the E85 conversion. The dimensions on this fuel cell is 18 inches in length, 20 inches in width, and 10 inches in height. It's got a two inch sump depth. And again, it comes equipped with a 90 ohm fuel sending unit. And this fuel cell should work fantastic for Frostbite on our E85 swap. And the final product that we have to be able to complete the E85 swap is the fuel line. Now, we got this fuel line from Spalab Auto Parts. A lot of you guys know that I use their exhaust cutouts and some other products as well, like the billet aluminum valve covers that we have currently on Frostbite came from Spalab Auto Parts. So Spalab Auto Parts hooked us up with some nice fuel line to be able to do our E85 swap. So we're going to go over a few key features. These are two different size fuel lines. And to start off with, we have a 20 foot roll of AN8 fuel line right here. And this is in the black. So this roll of AN8 fuel line is going to be the feed to our fuel rails. This will be running from our fuel cell up to the fuel rails from the pumps. So this will come right off the pumps and go to the fuel rails. And that is, again, size AN8. And this is a 20 foot roll. And then this will be for the return side of the fuel system. And this is AN6. And this is, again, a 20 foot roll of AN6. Now these fuel lines from Spalab Auto Parts works great for all different types of fuel. These things have a nylon outside material and a stainless steel and T7 aluminum alloy inside. You can kind of see the stainless steel poking through here and the very hard nylon tubing on the inside. Now these things work good in temperatures of negative 60 up to 500 degrees Fahrenheit and has pressure tolerances of up to 300 psi. These are very excellent on corrosion resistance. So they work perfect for E85. Alcohol, nitro, transmission, power steering, oil, hydraulic, all different kind of lines you could think of. These things will work in many, many different applications. Not only that, each roll of the line will come with a bunch of different fittings. So inside the box you're going to receive, you can see all of these different fittings. You've got some U-Bend fittings, you've got some 90s, some straights, some 45s, some adapters. Lots and lots of different fittings in here. Comes with a tool also. And it also comes with instructions on how to properly make the fuel line and cut it and fit it to your application. So again, that's very awesome that it comes with all of these extra fittings and some instructions to be able to fit the fuel lines to your specifications. So huge thanks to Splab Auto Parts for hooking us up on the fuel line side to get this E85 swap done. So there you go guys. That's all the awesome products that we got to do the E85 conversion for Frostbite. I am super stoked to get this done and get everything installed. We will have lots of videos on all the swap over and installs of all these products.  This is definitely going to be a fun little project. This will also be my first time ever running an E85 on any vehicle I've ever owned. Most of the time I use pump gas or I use race fuel like MS109. But we all know race fuel is tremendously expensive. A five gallon pill of MS109 will cost you almost a hundred bucks. And that is just absolutely insane if you ask me. On the other hand, E85, you can get at the pump and it generally costs around my location about three to three dollars and twenty five cents a gallon. And with that said, you're getting more octane than you would with MS109. Not only that, you're getting a tremendous cooling effect.  Now you can also buy like race quality E85, that's more like they call it E90. And five gallon pills of that is usually only around like the fifty dollar range. So even if you want some race quality E85, you're still spending half the amount of money that you would have on a pill of race fuel. So there's no doubt that E85 has tremendous fuel savings in the long run. And lots of advantages over other fuels. Now it can be a little expensive to get it going and get everything swapped over component wise to be able to run it. But I firmly believe that once it's done, it's going to be worth its weight in gold. As I have lots of people running E85 on other builds like on challengers and chargers. And they are having nothing but great results with running E85. And they are making some serious power in running good times doing so. Now on the tuning side of this, we're going to be using FRP, Flying Ryan Performance, for the tuning on Frostbite from here on now. He will be tuning the truck for the E85, so stay tuned for that. As always guys, don't forget, hit that subscribe button below. Hit the like button. Give the video a thumbs up. Comment down below what you think of all the cool products. And perhaps you're already using some of these products. If you are, comment below how you like them and how they're working out for you. And as always, stay safe out there. We'll see you on the next one.


Night delivery, by certain shadows. I was halfway to the front door when I felt the barrel of a pistol press into my side. Get back in the car, a menacing voice breathe into my ear. Make a sound and you'll be dead before anyone can reach you. The pizza box in my hand suddenly felt as heavy as lead. Please don't do this, I whispered shakily. Just take the keys out of my pocket and go. Instead, the man dug the gun so sharply into my ribs that I nearly gassed in pain. I turned and walked to the car as he followed closely and threatened to put a bullet in my brain if I tried to run. By the time I climbed into the driver's seat, my pizzeria uniform had grown damp with cold sweat. For the next half hour I drove at gunpoint. My boss called me over and over again, right up until the man threw my still ringing phone out the window. Do you believe in fate, he asked, but I was too afraid of saying the wrong thing to answer. Well, I do now. He continued, undeterred by my silence and flashed a smile that frightened me. You walked into my life in just the perfect time. I thought about telling him that this was supposed to be my final night on a lousy job that made every shift feel like an eternity. And then I wanted nothing more than to go home and crawl into bed and never so much as a look at a slice of pizza again. But I knew I would only make him angry.  Finally, he commanded me to pull up to a secluded cluster of homes where the man pointed towards a gray house with an empty driveway and grinned wickedly. We're going to wait for them to come out. Then you're going to take the pizza box and knock on the door. When they open it and tell you they didn't order anything, I'll charge on in. Are you going to hurt anyone? I asked warily. He narrowed his eyes dangerously and my heart skipped a beat. Just do what I say. He replied callously and then you can leave. But I didn't believe him. Time passed. The scent of tomato sauce and garlic hung heavily in the car's tense air. I'm starving, he said and reached for the pizza box. He'd consumed two slices and was working on a third when I saw the confusion flicker in his eyes. The gun slid from his grasp and he began to frantically claw at his throat gasping desperately for air. Foam bubbled on his lips as he wheezed and convulsed. I watched as his accusatory glare faded away into a pale lifeless blue. And just before my captor died, I spoke the last words he ever heard. It wasn't meant for you. If you enjoyed the story, please remember to subscribe and hit the like button. Thanks for listening.


Hello everyone and welcome to this week's bite size talk. I'm happy to present to you today Sabrina Krakow. She is situated at Cubic at the University of Tubing. And she's talking today about the NFCORE Pipeline Mac. And off to you. Thanks Francesca for this kind introduction. I'm very happy that it finally works out to also present the NFCORE Mac pipeline to all of you. This pipeline you can use for metagenome, hybrid, assembly and finning. So the goal of this pipeline is to analyze microbial communities by recovering individual genomes. This might be for example particularly useful if you do not have a complete set or high quality reference genomes given. So such microbial communities could be basically everything. Not only from her environmental samples, but also host associated communities such as the gut microbiome. And what can then be done is that the microbiome samples can be processed with beta genome shotgun sequencing, which generates short reads and the NFCORE Mac pipeline then essentially combines this reads and assembles them to larger context, and downstream genome binning step bins this context to so called metagenome assembled genomes are also called Macs. And these Macs can then further be annotated and also taxonomically classified. So that's basically the concept of the NFCORE Mac pipeline. And as for many NFCORE pipelines, this the development of this was quite large community efforts. There are many different contributors so just mentioning the main important ones. It was started by Adrian Goulet. Then Daniel Straub contributed a lot since early on. Then I joined and also since last year James Feliciates is the main contributor of this pipeline. And yeah, now I would like to mention the key features of this pipeline so it can perform a hybrid assembly using both short Illumina and long Nanopore reads. It's a hybrid because if you have assemblies generated only from short reads, they are often highly fragmented. And by using additionally longer reads, this can improve the contiguity of such resulting assemblies. The pipeline also performs a genome binning step and optionally also a binning refinement step, then can taxonomically classify the resulting bins and also provides a comprehensive QC statistics. Furthermore, it can utilize sample-wise group information. This can be used for the core assembly. This is important if you have data sets where you know that certain strains are present across multiple samples, such as within longitudinal data sets. And because the core assembly can improve or increases the sequencing depth and by this also allows to recover more lower bottom genes. Additionally, the group information is also used for the computation of co-abundances, which can be which is used in the genome binning step. And furthermore, the pipeline also allows the handling of ancient DNA because it's containing ancient DNA validation sub flow, which is further specific for this pipeline. This version of this pipeline was already published at the beginning of this year in NAR genomics and bioinformatics. So if someone is interested in more details, you can also have a look at this application note. So here you can see an overview already about the pipeline. So the pipeline starts with different pre-processing steps and QC, then the actual assembly is performed with a final genome binning step. Here in green you can see the processes or different tools that are run by default by this pipeline. And now in the following I would like to guide you through the different steps of this pipeline in more detail. Just first, how can we actually run it? So here you can see an example of the next flow command that is typically used and in order to run it with default settings, just provide a sample sheet as input file. And here you can see an example how the sample sheet looks like for this pipeline so it contains five columns. The first column contains a sample name. The second column contains a group name. In this case, all samples belong to the same group. And then you have to provide the path to the input read files, either only the short read or to the short and long read. So the long reads are optional. Yeah, and starting with this sample sheet file now or if you have only short reads, you can also just provide a fast Q files directly. The pipeline then pre-processes the short and long reads separately from each other with different pre-processing steps. I don't want to discuss them in detail. Maybe just mention that the host reads can also be removed by mapping the reads to given reference sequences. And this information is also used indirectly for the long reads, since the long reads are filtered based on the already filtered short reads. Yeah, the short reads can then further be taxonomically classified already. This can serve for example as a quality control here in order to check for potential contaminations. Yeah, and after this pre-processing steps, then the actual assembly is done. This can be done sample-wise or the group information can be used in order to run a core assembly, however by default this is done for each sample individually. And by default, the tool spades and mega-head are run both. However, you should keep in mind that if you have long reads given and you are interested in the hybrid assembly, then only the tool spades can be used for this. Then the tool cluster is also used in order to assess the quality of the resulting assemblies, and also the assemblies are further processed with the tool protigal, which predicts protein coding genes for this. Okay, that's the assembly part, and the context of these assemblies are then further processed in the genome binning step, where the tools Metabut 2 and Maxbin are used, which now bin the context to retrieve the actual genomes. And the results of these tools can also further additionally be combined in a binning refinement step, which makes use of those tools. And the quality of the spin is as well assessed with the two requests, and in addition, the tool busco is used, which makes use of single copy of looks in order to estimate the contamination on the completeness of the retrieved genomes. And additionally, the pipeline also uses a custom script, which estimates the abundance of the individual bins, because it's also relatively important output of this pipeline. So the downstream process is then the bins are further taxonomically classified by default using the tool GTDPTK and also annotated with the tool poker. And finally, then a multi QC report is generated and also relatively comprehensive next summer we report. So how does the output of the pipeline so besides all the individual results right of the individual tools, the pipeline generates cluster T map showing the neck abundances across different samples so you can see an example. How this looks like and if you would see here for example there's certain samples cluster together there for which you know that they're originating from different groups. This might indicate that something is gone wrong. And the pipeline also outputs next summer we, which I already mentioned so this contains for each pin for each Mac, the abundance information so across different samples, the QC matrix from the busco results and the cross besides and also taxonomic classifications from the tool GTDBTK. Yeah, and with this. I've shown you the rough overview about the pipeline and next I would like to show you know some of the impact different assembly settings can have. For this I simulated some mouse data set in the past already with the two communism, and I generated hybrid data so containing Illumina data and nano poids and generated two groups so with each with a time series of four samples. So this might be the ideal case where a core assembly might be useful. And now I would like to show you some of the resulting assembly metrics that are commonly used. So here you can see for example the total length of the resulting assemblies and then compared for different pipeline ones where different assembly settings were used. So the lower two pipeline settings correspond to a sample device assembly and using either only short or short and long weeks or hybrid data and the upper two settings correspond to a core assembly. So again, the short or the short and long weeks. And what we can see that is that the total length of the resulting assemblies significantly increased both by using the hybrid setting and by buying the core assembly setting. And similar results we also see when looking at the number of max or the number of genomes that could be retrieved from this data, and also when looking at the and 50 values. So in the case that the actual setting that is used for the assembly within this pipeline pipeline can have a relatively huge impact on the results. And it's definitely good that the pipeline provides different settings so that you can really choose the correct setting for input data and might also be worth to compare different settings. I would like to shortly mention the resource requirements because this came up quite often already in the slack channel, and it's also somehow difficult to estimate in advance, because it really differs dependent on the input data. And the main requirement are both for memory and time coming from the assembly step. And as I mentioned already really differs for different input data sets and I collected some numbers just to give you a rough idea for different pipeline ones that were run by Daniel stroke actually on our compute cluster. And for one rather small sample but was a cultural sample, both mega hit and space required less than 25 gigabytes and we're finished in a couple of hours. However, for a larger river sample data set it mega it took already more than 100 gigabytes of work run. And it took more than one day to finish and space even took more than 900 gigabytes of memory and it required more than nine days. And there was another very large data set containing 15 soil samples for which also a core assembly was performed and for this mega hit required one terabyte and more than 17 days and space could not even be one because it would have required more than two terabytes of memory. So this just shows that even for smaller data sets, you cannot run this on your laptop. But in general one can say that it depends on the sequencing depth, the number of samples the complexity of the underlying metagenome and also on the applied tool and setting. And for this it might be worth noting that like both assembly tools are run by default but mega hit requires much fewer resources than space. And but if you do not want to compute a hybrid assembly it might make sense to consider the skip space parameter. And additionally the core assembly also increases the required resources because it pool samples. So at least for one individual task, the required memory and time is much higher. So this is something important to keep in mind, because also if you want to run it on larger data sets you might want to provide a custom config file in order to adjust the resources required for your particular data set. Yeah, with this we have seen how we can run the NFCORMAC pipeline for modern metagenomic data sets. And as I mentioned already at the beginning, it can also handle ancient DNA. So for this James and Maxine added ancient DNA validation sub workflow. And this is particularly interesting because as we know at least there's no other such pipeline which can handle ancient DNA. So what this essentially does is that it performs identification of possible ancient context by modeling ancient DNA damage patterns and then polishes the context in order to move the errors that are caused by the presence of such a ancient DNA damages in order to allow more unpaired downstream analysis. So it's interesting for some of you to know that this pipeline can also handle ancient metagenomic data analysis. And with this I'm already at the end of my presentation so just a few words to the outlook. So the next release which James already prepared so it just requires one more review, but also contained another optional binning tool, namely it will also allow optionally the binning QC with check M and GUNCY. And for the midterm future it would be also very nice. A functional annotation step could be added so depending on the strategy, either, for example using human three or ECHNOC. And also a standalone long wheat assembly option would be very nice by using, for example, the tool Metafly such that the pipeline could be also one of our short wheat data. And in general, if you are interested in contributing or if you have any questions or problems you would like to discuss so you can join us in the, and of course like channel dedicated for the Mac pipeline, or have a look at our GitHub repository. We're always happy about feedback or a particular bug reports and issues. And with this, I would like to thank you for your attention. In particular, my colleagues from Cubic and importantly Daniel Strahm for many contributions. James and Maxime from the MPI for evolutionary anthropology, Adrian of course, and importantly the whole and of course core team and community for helping with the development for reviewing testing and creating issues. And with this I'm happy to take any questions. Thank you very much. There is indeed one question already in the chat. It was at the very beginning when you were talking about examples, and you mentioned camisim, and could you explain more in detail what this is. This is a tool which was also used in the Kami challenge to simulate metagenomics data. It's basically using as input different genome sources so I used in this case, like a set of genome mouse genome sources which was given from some mouse data sets. And then it can simulate emulator and nano-par data and simulate also different taxonomic profiles. But the more details, I would also have to look up and ask quite a while ago. Was there any particular question about this? No, it was just a question what is camisim, but I think James has now added some links to articles. So if anyone is interested, they can have a look at that. Yes, exactly. So for anyone else if there are more questions, you can now unmute yourself and just ask them straight away, or you can put them in the chat and I will read them out for you. I would actually have a question. What happens to multi-mappers? I can imagine that if you have like related bacteria that it would also map to different ones. How does the pipeline deal with that? I mean, this is handled by the assembly tools then somehow. But are they removed or added to all of them or any idea? Is there some, like, I don't know, someone of the others are more in the details of this algorithmic parts of the assembler? Francesca, do you mean when you're mapping back to the context or during the assembly itself? During the assembly. I mean, you map to the genomes, I guess. No. So we need to explain the main concept there, but basically there's some fancy maths magic that goes on which estimates which reads most likely go with each other based on the number of sort of mutations they have with each other. And there's some weird maths stuff which works out which is the best grouping. Okay, then I misunderstood that part. Thank you. Are there any more questions from the audience? It doesn't seem so. If you have any more questions later on, as you mentioned, you can always go to an of course Slack and ask questions there. So if this is now all the questions answered so far, I would like to thank Sabrina again for this very nice talk. And of course, as usual, I would also like to thank the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative for funding the Biteize talks. And of course, everyone in the audience for listening. Thank you very much. Thanks.


President of the General Assembly, Excellencies, Heads of States and Government, Secretary-General of the United Nations, ladies and gentlemen, I'm pleased to participate at this important event on addressing the financing needs for sustainable development in the era of COVID-19 and beyond. I thank the governments of Canada and Jamaica and the Secretary-General of the United Nations for the initiative. I also thank the co-leads of the six discussion groups for their leadership. Excellencies, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted our societies and economies, worsened inequalities and deepened the gap between available resources and the resources needed to finance the sustainable development goals. We must mobilize finance in response to this pandemic-induced economic crisis and also for long-term development. As co-lead with Barbados on illicit financial flows, Nigeria wishes to stress that illicit financial flows have continued to erode domestic revenues, undermine governance, threaten economic stability, and diminish the abilities of governments to provide much-needed public services. To overcome these challenges, we must combat illicit financial flows with all the determination we can master. We must act swiftly to adopt measures to ensure that taxes are paid where value is created, and this is especially important for the digital economy. We must also establish public beneficial ownership registers and strengthen arrangements for the exchange of tax information. Similar priorities should also be given to tackling money laundering and corruption. Indeed, given the challenges that my country has faced in its efforts to repatriate illicitly acquired assets, we endorse the recommendation for spontaneous disclosure and the enhancement of legal frameworks for conviction-based asset for features. It's important to stress that the main destinations for illicit financial flows must support the efforts to stop this scourge and work with the global community to dismantle the architecture that supports illicit financial flows, such as financial secrecy jurisdictions. Excellencies in addition, we support the call for debt relief for developing countries and the extension of the Debt Suspension Initiative until 2021, as well as the granting of commercial debt relief where needed. We also call for enhanced global liquidity, including through the allocation of unused special joint rights currently held by developed countries. The increased flow of remittances can support development financing needs, so it's important to reduce the cost of making such transfers. As global leaders, we must do everything in our power to emerge from the crisis caused by the COVID-19 by striving together in order to deliver for all. Thank you very much.


Pleasure to see you, President. See you, yes. Thank you. Thank you for being here. Nice to meet you. President? We're channeled. Mr. President, thank you very much. My football career was always canoeing. It is canoeing. All my life, we all call it a noot. That's been telling me that picture. You know what I'm saying? Right? Mr. President, he was the one that brought about the guards pulling out of the line and running interference. This size. And I weighed 175. There's not even a single change. That's the one that was most creative to me because we followed the doctor down. When I went up against one of them and they're opposite me in the line which we later went to the Chicago Bears and for eight years we saw both tackle Jordan Niesel, 275. ... ... Chris is taking months. Mr. Rosenbloom. Sure. ... So I'm so glad you can relate... relate... For the first quarter on the... I was starting my good. Tim Grunhardt. They've been trying to tuck me into asking who that was was when he just got out and then once that football was getting to me, because he cashed the football to me. As an old white card. That's right, a white card. Tim Druehart, Tim Druehart, and I know he's from Chicago. I'm talking about a blue card. OK. He would be at the plus, he's coming back. You're right.  Coach, the ball will be in the duffel bag, why? The ball will be in the duffel bag, and I will just, you want me to set it straight? I will take it out and present it to you. OK. Tim Druehart, we're just calling him Grooney. Just, he looks like a lost whale. All right. But he's coming back.  Right. Right. He's been around recently, just before the end of the season, up there, during the game session. I don't think there's any practice for him. I'm sure he's not going to over a 7-9 win, someone like this who's that wide and that wide. And he says, stuck out, he says, they're making guards a little bigger down there. We make sure that Grooney is standing all the way down to the left side, is you're facing the audience all the way down to the left. I think I have that power to do that. OK. I think people will listen. He's right next to Pauline, the president. Obviously, he wouldn't be able to throw the ball to him. So he ought to be down to the left. You have time to do that, Coach. Let me throw it back. I can't catch it. You know, don't worry. I will accept it. I accept it. You have time to do that, because the president is going to throw the ball to him. Yes. OK. Nice to see you. You're in the limo with us, right? Right. We're in the limo. We're ready to go out. OK. What's the probability of those first? Sure. Yes, sir. That'd be great. Welcome to the White House. My life has been full of rich and wonderful experiences and canoeed rock. So I want you to know the INF Treaty and George Bush's election were important. But having the Fighting Irish win the national championship is in a class bias. In a little respect for the other fellow's point of view, it means a real application of the golden rule. Well, you young fellows here today are living proof of the truth of a canoeed-like spirit in his ball players. Once when he was working with the four backfield stars who became known as the four horsemen, one of just like the Fighting Irish, they're a talented, well-coached team, and they deserve a salute. Their records should make them proud. Speaking of pride, I noticed that Coach Holtz thought, he might be thinking to himself, maybe you want another one for the given. You rocked the stand for the Memoration. We thought it would be fitting on this time in which you have honored the university and its winning football team to make a small presentation to you. Since I'm a little few of our seniors and leaders this year to bring over a particular plaque that I'd like to read the inscription for, this is Frank Stanton, West Cridgen. The Super Bowl. The Super Bowl. Who's going to win it? San Francisco could come to mind.