Welcome everyone to our webinar, Technology for Family Engagement in Early Learning Settings. I'm Susan Hopebar, the online training producer here at TechSoup, and we are really excited for you to join us today. We are proud to partner with the Early Learning Lab for a series of webinars during this year. We do want this webinar and all of the presentations to be relevant to the important work you do with young children. So in advance, I'd like to thank you for answering our registration questions and also our survey questions at the end of today's event. This helps us better understand your needs. We know that many of you may be new to TechSoup, and we hope that you'll join us for other live events and take advantage of our other online resources. So again, please don't forget to complete our survey at the end of the webinar. I want to talk to you for a few minutes about the platform that you're using. It's called ReadyTalk. In the lower left-hand corner, there's a chat box. And at any time during the presentation, you should feel free to let us know if you have any problems hearing the audio or viewing the slides. We can address those questions through the chat box. The chat box is also for your questions. We will be flagging your questions and queuing them for later review during our Q&A session which comes at the end of the event. So if you are chatting in during the event questions and you're not getting an immediate response, don't worry. We're going to try to address everyone's questions at the end. Also keep in mind, if we don't get to your question, it's okay. We're going to be putting together a question and answer document. All of our expert presenters will be helping us create that document. So you'll receive that after the event when we post the recording to our website. If you registered more than about an hour ago, you can also access the PowerPoint that I'm going to be sharing with you today. 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If you're following along with us on Twitter, you can tweet us at TechSoup or use hashtag TSLEBENARS. It is really a pleasure for me and TechSoup to be able to introduce you to some of our presenters today. We are proud to partner with the Early Learning Lab. And Chetal Singh is the Director of Design and Innovation. And she works to build the capacity for innovation and the use of new technologies for preschools and community-based organizations. And she works primarily with children birth to five. Her work at the lab builds on about 15 years of experience in digital media and technology to solve social problems. Dr. Elena Lopez is an Associate Director at Harvard Family Research Project. Her research focuses on the relationships between families, schools, and communities as they relate to children's development and education. Elena seeks to increase the usability of research in practice and teacher education. She's team taught courses on family school and community educational engagement at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. She was a governing board member of both the National Association for the Education of Young Children and the Parent Services Project. Sandra Gutierrez is the Founder and National Director of Abriendo Puertas, or Opening Doors. Sandra led the development of Abriendo Puertas, the nation's first evidence-based comprehensive training program for Latino parents for children birth to five. Before that, Sandra developed a series of training programs to support children and families involved in the child welfare system for parents' action for children. She has over 40 years of experience. Rebecca Parlekean serves as the Director of Parenting Resources at Zero to Three. She developed resources like apps, web-based resources, DVDs, and more for parents. And she trains parents and early childhood professionals. Rebecca has co-authored three parenting education curricula and has published articles and topics ranging from dual language development to best practices for building relationships with families. However, her most important and satisfying lab work and child development is with her two children, Ella and Dennis. As I mentioned, my name is Susan Hope Bard. I'm the online training producer and also assisting us today in the background is Becky Wiegand, and she is our webinar manager here at TechSoup. So let me talk a bit about our objectives today. Today, we hope to be able to share the latest research on the technology habits of millennial parents. We want to discuss a framework to guide program providers using technology with modern families. And third, we want to highlight lessons learned from families' use of technology with young children. And of course, we do want to answer your questions. I'm going to talk a little bit about TechSoup. We are located in San Francisco, California. And right now, we want to know where you're coming from. So let's practice using the chat box while I talk about TechSoup. Chat to us out here where you're from, the city and state, or if you're from another country. And as you're doing that, I'm going to talk to you a little bit about TechSoup. We're a 501C3 nonprofit like many of you joining us today. We work to empower organizations around the world to help them get the latest tools, skills, and resources. We want to help you achieve your mission. You can see from our map here, let me go back, that we serve almost every country in the world. The need is global and we do have a dedicated website for countries outside of the U.S. at www.techsoup.global. We've helped organizations get more than $5.2 billion in technology products and grants to non-governmental organizations around the world. These technology products and grants come from more than 100 corporate and foundation partners. Wow, I see a lot of folks coming here. Oh, St. Louis, Seattle, California, Rhode Island. Wow, a lot of, oh, Santa Fe, one of my favorite places to go. I've got folks from all around the country here today. Thank you so much for joining us. And now I do want to take our first live poll. So this will be an opportunity for you to tell us, is this your first TechSoup webinar? You can actually click in yes or no. And if you're not sure, or if you can't click in, you can simply answer in the chat box. And we've got some super fast fingers. And we have about 500 folks on the conference call and webinar right now. So I'll give everyone about five more seconds. Five, four, three, two, one. All right, I'm going to close the poll. But it does look like the majority of you, this is your first time to a TechSoup webinar. So I would like to extend a very special and appreciative thank you to coming to this webinar. We hope you'll come to many more. And I would like to transition this to Chetal from the Early Learning Lab and she'll be able to introduce you and talk a little bit about the Early Learning Lab. Thank you. Thank you, Susan. So I am Chetal Singh. I'm the Director of Design and Innovation at the Early Learning Lab. I'm going to tell you a little bit about our organization and about this webinar series that we put together for the Early Childhood Education Field in partnership with TechSoup, the Harvard Family Research Project, the Joan Gantz CUNY Center, Frontiers of Innovation at the Center on the Developing Child at Harvard, New America, and New Process. So about the lab first, we're a fairly new organization and we're small. We're a nonprofit based in Oakland, California. And our mission is to support the Early Childhood Education Field by identifying, developing, and catalyzing the use of innovative tools, program design, and technologies to foster great caregiving and teaching of children from birth to five. All of our work is informed by a set of practices that early childhood researchers have identified as being the most important practices for the adults and the lives of children to do. Now our goal is to identify program design elements that foster these practices and build an evidence base for what works, ultimately informing policy so we can really scale what works throughout the country. And as I mentioned technology, we do believe that technology plays an important role in fostering innovation for the early childhood field. And that accelerating the use of innovative technology really does require working at three levels. Now often people talk about supply and demand. We also think that capacity building is a very important element and it's really the base of the pyramid here. This webinar series that we're producing is one of our capacity building efforts for the field to help to guide the field in understanding how to meaningfully integrate technology into their programs. We sent out a survey in January and February of this year. And in the survey which was really a technology needs assessment, we asked members of the field where they see the most promise for technology in their work, what they're struggling with in terms of technology, and what they want to learn about. Now the answers from that survey are currently being analyzed. We're going to be releasing a report next month which we'll be sharing with the field widely, but preliminary analysis of the results really led us to decide to produce this webinar series. So there were four topics that really bubbled to the surface. Technology for family engagement was one of them and that's why we, with our partners and our content partners, have put this webinar together for you today. But there were additional topics that surfaced and these include teaching young children with technology, the use of data to inform professional development for teachers, and the use of data for program evaluation. So those three remaining topics we will be presenting in the webinar training over the course of 2016. And we plan to work with TechSoup and our other partners to produce about one webinar per quarter. So we sincerely hope that you'll come back to join us for those webinars as well. But in addition to the capacity building, we are also working at both the supply and the demand side. On the demand side we are really working to help program implementers and families understand the range of tools available and help them make smart decisions about which tool to use and how to use them. And then on the supply side, we are in the process of working with technologists to ensure that products that are being developed are research-based and they're really meeting the needs of the field. And as I said, they're really fostering those practices that we think are so important for adults in the lives of children to do. And part of this work involves defining and testing what we call high value technology design elements. So I'm going to jump ahead to those design elements. And just to give you a sense of the type of work that we're doing, based on a preliminary survey of how technology is currently being used in the early learning field and which products and programs seem to be the most successful, we've proposed a list of preliminary design elements that we think are important when it comes to developing new technologies to really make sure that we're embedding these elements for successful technologies. And some of these include building the self-efficacy of the user, whether it's a parent or a teacher or an administrator, building social capital for the user, putting data in the hands of users, and using data to inspire improvement. And the data can range from student information to the number of conversational terms or words that a child is hearing over the course of the day. It really varies, but we think that people should know what they're aiming for. And then your personalization is obviously leading to greater self-efficacy of technologies. And then we definitely believe that technology should accommodate and promote diversity. So, having said that and giving you a little sense of what we're up to at the Early Learning Lab, I have to say that I'm thrilled that we have been able to work with Zero to Three, Harvard Family Research Project in Op-Driental Quartet, and of course TechSoup, to put this very first webinar together. And with that, I am going to hand it over to Rebecca from Zero to Three to share with us some of the research they've been doing on Millennial Parents. Hi, everyone. This is Rebecca. And I'm really excited to share with you the recent project that we endeavored to take the lead on when it came to getting to know Millennial Parents. And so, we got really interested in the idea of how millennials are approaching parenting because they have been in the news an awful lot the last few years. And frequently, those headlines are not so positive when it comes to millennials. And so, we really began to ask, is the millennial experience of parenting all that different? And are millennials looking for parenting and child-during information and messaging in different ways than parents of other generations? So, just to add so that we share a definition of millennials, they are adults who were born between 1977 and 1998, roughly. There's about 75 million of them. And millennials account for about 80% of the births that are happening today. So, they are the majority of today's parents of children under the age of five. So, what we did is we did both a series of focus groups with parents. And these focus groups were incredibly diverse when it came to ethnicity. We also did focus groups, some in English, some in Spanish. And we did some focus groups with dads and some with moms. And then we paired that qualitative research with a quantitative component where we did a survey of parents as well. And one of the, we asked a variety of questions, but one of the questions we asked was, you know, how parents access child-daring and parenting information. And millennial parents more than any others because there were some Gen Xers in our survey as well. Millennials overwhelmingly reported turning to technology more than other parenting groups. And that included texting for many, many of the parents. But the number one place that parents turned were Google searches. And for those of us who were in the field of early childhood, that's maybe a little scary to contemplate because the first three hits on Google are not always maybe the best resources. So, we want to be sure that what parents are accessing when they turn to Google or turn to any of these technology-based resources, they're getting really the highest quality information they can. And that kind of led to our next, oh, I'm sorry, and I forgot that we are doing some interactivity here to ask you how you like to communicate with families. So, for this portion, you can click any of these modalities that you use to communicate and then just click Submit. So, it looks like we have about 175 responses. And now we're up to almost 300. And I guess I'll close the survey in about five seconds. Four, three, two, one. Answer now or forever hold your peace. So, email by far the most common modality. And social media for many of us and texting is a really important modality for parents. And we're going to touch very briefly today on why that is and what came out in our survey regarding texting. Information in general from millennial parents was a double-edged sword. Parents overwhelmingly said that they were overwhelmed. There was so much information about child rearing and parenting that they really weren't sure who to trust and which source was the right one. And at the same time, parents also said that they didn't just take the word of experts at face value, that they felt like what experts were saying was important, but that unless someone really knew their particular family and their particular child, that the information to a certain extent had limited relevance. So those were some of the challenges that bubbled up with regard to technology. When we asked parents, how do you want to receive your messages? And how do you want those messages framed? There were three themes that came through. And one was that parents said a lot of times the messaging they received feels really simplistic and sometimes condescending. And they were looking for messages that truly validated how tough parenting is. They find parenting joyful, but it's really hard work and it's really complicated and complex. And they wanted messages that acknowledge that. Secondly, parents really had a strong desire to have their voices heard and to contribute their voices to help other parents. So they wanted to be treated as equal partners in messaging and in creating an approach that really worked for their family. And then finally, parents wanted information when they wanted it and how they wanted to access it just in time, like just at the time that they need it. And that kind of led to their feeling that texting and other technology-based solutions worked really well for them because it was at their fingertips, literally. And on that note, we wanted you to stay tuned and keep us at your fingertips at 0-3.org because the quantitative results of our survey of 2,200 parents of children under the age of 5 will be released in partnership with ROOM and the Bezos Family Foundation and our media partner, PDF, in early May for a Mother's Day launch. And in that release, we'll be covering all of our major findings, including how parents are using technology to access information about child rearing. So that's it for me. Thank you so much. And I'll look forward to answering any of your questions. Thank you, Rebecca. And everyone, just as a quick reminder, you can chat in your questions into the chat box at any time during this presentation. We're queuing them up so that about 10 of the hour we'll be taking those queued questions and we'll be asking our panel of experts. So feel free to do that throughout the time we have today. I'm going to next introduce our next speaker, which is Dr. Elena Lopez. Hello, everyone. It's a pleasure to share with you this afternoon a framework on using technology and digital media in family engagement. Next slide, please. Rebecca just shared with us that parents want to be respected partners and that they really want providers, whether you're early childhood educators or librarians, to understand the complexity and reality of parenting. So let's take a look at how one early childhood program uses digital media for and with parents and families. Comienza and CASA is an early childhood project of a nonprofit organization serving rural Mexican migrant workers in Maine. The code of Comienza is provide opportunities for parents to support their children's learning and in their home language so that children are prepared for school. The project has five different components, but the key one being the intentional use of a iPad as an educational tool so that parents can use it with their children at times that are convenient for them. There is a training for families to learn how to use the iPad and also to share the curriculum and its learning objectives. There are monthly evening meetings that engage children and families in fun and learning activities and in between this monthly meeting there are home visits where a home visitor checks on a child's progress but also listens to parent observations and parent suggestions. So the whole program then is meant to enable families to be agents in their children's success that is to use the iPad, not just to read and do math, but also to be able to document, create and explore projects with children. Next slide please.  And I'm ready to advance the next slide. One kindergarten kid who went through the Comienza project and after a kindergarten class trip to Blueberry Farm came home and told his mom I need to make a book about blueberries. So he made drawings about how blueberries grow and photographed them using the camera on his iPad and added his voice using a digital storytelling app. So let's look at his creation video clip. Susan, can you start the video clip? Berries go. It's read by Jayden Rodriguez-Baston. The first thing you need a seed. Then you need a hot sun. Then you water the seed. Then the seed grows more bigger and is ready to eat. Okay, could everyone, was everyone was okay to hear that? The kindergarten teacher saw this digital story. She started providing opportunities for children in her class to create similar projects. So I think this is an example of how families can contribute to classroom changes and also it demonstrates how children and families can make that lead from being consumers to producers of their own learning. And in this case everyone is a learner including the kindergarten teacher who found this an inspiring way to share with her entire classroom. The commonsense story is important because it provides a clear link between what the program wants families to learn and do, what the families desire for their children and the use of digital technology to serve this purpose. Next slide please. Today when we have so many apps and games and videos at once disposal we get mesmerized by the technology. And what we want to do is to avoid random access technology and digital media. Early childhood providers need to be intentional about how and why they are using digital media with families. Next slide please. So one important guide is the Head Start parent-family and community engagement framework which lays out program foundations for establishing a technology and digital media initiative. So let's start with the program foundations. Next slide please. So digital technology can be seen as a tool that expands options to support families in their children's learning and literacy development, connect families to one another into community services and resources, and to create pathways for continued family engagement across different learning spaces such as libraries, museums, parks, and making spaces. And so the foundations of leadership, professional development, and assessment and improvement should be geared towards these three aspects of how digital technology and media can be used. To give one example, for professional development it's not just about training early childhood educators, librarians, and others who work with families of young children to use the technology. But it's also about the relationship with families in the use of technology. I think going back to what Rebecca said, trust was important for families in terms of policy. It's about the leadership and the management, giving families a voice and opportunity to co-develop policies, policies, for example, like bringing home tablets or determining what their respective partnerships would look like. Next slide please. So we move to the next slide. I just want to make sure that everyone that is one of our partners speaking today is on mute just because there is some background noise coming through and I want to make sure. Excellent. Thank you. My apologies. So the next aspect of the framework is about what we call program impact areas or what is known as your program services. Next slide please. And there are four components to this. The first one being establishing a program environment that reflects an inviting space with participation via multiple media. That is not just your tablets or your cell phones but also arts and crafts and books and creating an environment which is inviting for an individual's own learning like a parent's own learning or learning with a child or even learning with other families. In terms of teaching and learning, I think Sheetal brought out some important design elements to consider. That is, as parents, as co-creators and partners. And I think it's also important for early childhood educators to understand the environment in which children and families use digital media and that is building on what families already know and what they observe. And it's very possible that even older kids in a family are the ones who help parents who may lack language or technical fluency. So all of these factors have to be considered so that educators can really play their role as media mentors and facilitators. So with the idea of family partnership, it begins with learning and understanding how families use and want to use digital media. Going back to the survey that Rebecca shared with us, we understand that families want to be respected. They want the information to be grounded in the realities and complexities of parenting which are some ideal versions. So I think all of this means that educators should try to build empathy, putting oneself in the place of parents and considering what is desirable and what is possible. And lastly, community partnerships are important and they are developed so that early childhood programs are aligned with the work, with the goals and activities of other agencies and communities. And what you see here in your slide is an interesting collaboration among the Massachusetts Department of Early Learning and Care, the United Way and the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. And their common goal was to get parents understanding the importance of brain development and learning happens anywhere and anytime and everything adds like this and providing tips in subway trains and supplementing that with a website with lots of resources for parents as well as for the early childhood providers. Next slide, please. So lastly, we come to the family engagement outcomes and I know that most of us are familiar with outcomes related to families engaging in children's literacy and learning but there's a whole range of outcomes also related to connecting parents and families with each other because research has shown that such connections contribute to family well-being, less depression and even ways to overcome material hardship. Next slide, please. Next slide, please. A slide before that. I think there's a missing slide. Anyway, I just wanted to end with another story from Comienza where we began. And so through this program the parents were introduced to the library and its resources but the parents also felt that there were very few resources for adults in Spanish and the parents didn't organize a fundraising event and the library was able to acquire books and magazines and digital resources in Spanish for the parents. So I think this is a good example again of an outcome of making family connections contributing to the community well-being. And our last slide, please. Some points to remember. Avoid random acts. Be intentional. Create strong foundations in terms of policy, professional development. Know and understand families. Encourage families to be wise consumers but also encourage them to be added creators with their children and finally assess, improve and innovate. So thank you so much for this opportunity to share a framework with you about the use of family, of technology and family engagement. Thank you. And I think the next slide just points to a couple of resources that you can access from our website. Thank you so much, Elena. And I want to just let everybody know not to worry we are recording this webinar and you will receive a link to the recording as well as all of the handouts including the PowerPoints and resources in roughly a week. So I just wanted to remind everyone I see some folks chatting in and I don't want anyone to worry about taking notes. You will receive all of this information. Okay, so yay. So for our next presenter we have Sandra Gutierrez from Briendo Puertas for Opening Doors and I'm going to turn it over to Sandra next. Good day to everyone participating in this webinar and thank you for being a part of it. I'll start with just a very brief background on the Briendo Puertas Opening Doors. It's a program that was co-created by and for Latino parents with children 0 to 5. It honors and supports parents in their quest for a better future as you can see the byline building a better future through parent leadership and we part from the very deeply held aspirations and dreams that parents have for their children to have a better future to have more opportunities than they've had and work to convert those aspirations and dreams into goals with real-time plans and real-time results. We believe strongly that parents have an unparalleled desire and an unmatched potential to improve child outcomes and to improve their quality of life so that is where our investment begins. I'd like to start and I will tell you a little bit about the journey bumpy as it has been with our development of an Briendo Puertas app. First, why develop an Briendo Puertas app? We were moved by the Pew Research Center report that Latinos have the highest rate of smartphone uses in the United States and that they tend to use their smartphone as the main the principle source of internet use. Our program of the Briendo Puertas was developed seven years ago and since then there's been a boom in technology. It's a new day. There are apps and games tablets for each and every use so we wanted to stay relevant and provide parents support with the decision-making that goes along with this new technology. We agree with Dr. Lopez that learning happens everywhere and anytime and we also believe that parents, what they do each and every day is of great consequences. This isn't our first engagement with technology. We've worked very proudly with the folks from Vroom that Rebecca mentioned. They have a wonderful app available in English and Spanish and English is Vroom and Spanish is Vroom and it's a great app that is based on a lot of research it's very well designed and it is currently part of our curriculum and we encourage parents to use it. In addition to that we received feedback from parents about the concerns about this new reality of technology everywhere and use and overuse of technology so a group of parents from Over the End of Work developed some tech tips for parents these are developed by parents for parents that are going to be part of the resource package that you'll be receiving later. In addition to the tech tips we are currently in the process of working with Common Sense Media to develop a session for Over the End of Work that navigates technology or the good uses of technology and what to avoid what are the best practices. We have to begin always with parents in mind and the audience in mind and the most important thing we did in the development of the app was to seek parent input we spoke to 400 moms and dads throughout the country 80% of them were Spanish speaking not all of them had participated we encouraged parents to bring other parents who hadn't participated so we could get a greater broader input into what people wanted first off there were some very consistent messages and perception issues that were communicated there was a deep deep very heartfelt concern about their children's use of technology meaning that they're overuse of technology and they admitted in each and every focus that they are often quick to give the child a tablet or hand them the phone to appease them as a quick fix for some situation they were worried about the long-term consequences of that and wanted advice on best practices related to that because most of the parents that we worked with speak Spanish many bilingual and in the case of the input we had 80% of the folks were Spanish speaking and the rest were bilingual there was a real fear very legitimate fear that this new technology and how fast moving it was and how ever pervasive it was might create yet another distance for parents that it might be another language that they don't speak that this technology might be beyond their reach that said all of the 80% of the participants rather reported daily use with Facebook and with a WhatsApp and that was primarily to stay in touch with their families here in the U.S. and abroad there was a deeply held overarching sentiment of the focus groups and the feedback we got was that folks want to learn how to do this and how to do it right they know that this is a new day and they don't want to stay behind hence the quote if you don't look forward to stay behind there was a real hunger to try to figure out what's the best thing that they could do in terms of input for the app we really started with the idea that we would work with the content that we already have in the end of this curriculum that was not a popular idea folks thought that the curriculum has a lot of interactive activities and that a lot of the learning takes place as part of the discussion that takes place during the session the social capital and peer-to-peer discussion that happened so we were discouraged from using the current content in the development of an app but we received a very rich amount of feedback about what they would like in an app what are the features and what are the traits that they would want the app to have I'll just give you the top three the first we heard this over and over they recommend that the app be easy, useful, fun and enjoyable easy, useful, fun and enjoyable over and over there was a very sound opinion about it would be great if there was just one go-to resource, NIFA media that would help them with their kids from pre-no-no to 20 years old so that they wouldn't have to navigate and figure out the puzzle pieces of getting further information and that does definitely make a lot of sense we were told time and time again to keep it real to use real families and I think this is congruent with some of Rebecca's comments to show and highlight families that are like them, that look like them that have struggled like them and they encourage the use of videos instead of text-heavy documents and text-heavy content and so moving on to the top five Rebecca was at a drum roll, recommendations regarding the content the number one area where folks wanted support was in stress and this was a, we had a voting process and I can send you a report about what the vote count looked like but stress was an overwhelmingly first and most important area that they wanted supporting and that could be primarily because there's not a lot of, first of all because we're all stressed but second because there's not a lot of information in Spanish about what to do about stress in real life situations the second was bullying and some of us who have worked with parents understand that that is always a common concern something very deeply held in this case we heard a lot of very painful testimony about children being bullied for not speaking English and the parent concerns about what to do and how to navigate that the third content area was dual language learners folks were very comfortable with the advantages of being bilingual they don't want to lose their native language but there was a lot of questions and they wanted information about what are the best practices for dual language learners at home and in school what rights do they have what would help them succeed there was a lot of concern about that the fourth one surprised us because we thought there's a lot of other resources around around literacy but it does coincide with a recent read-alone survey that said 40% of parents surveyed couldn't find the time to talk to their children the fifth one pleased with a great deal because the end-of-work program is based on parent leadership and advocacy folks really understood that even if they read talks and sent their kids to preschool that they were going to be some challenge that they would face and they would need to know how to handle them and these included what are the best practices and what are their rights in transitioning to kindergarten and to the school system talking to teachers, school choice and legal rights as immigrants very quickly the sixth and seventh which we will not get into were connection to services and healthy and healthy recipes there was a thought that we could include recipes and people can upload recipes of healthy Latino cuisine so those can be shared via the app we moved forward with what we had done from parents selected a tech partner and I have to tell you that generational and cultural divide is real there was a bit of a cultural crash we worked with very young folks who grew up gaming who are experts in gaming technology and someone who shall remain nameless a bit of a thumb stone when it comes to tech so I definitely could have been better prepared as we did this process we did learn a lot we had several reality checks hence the rebooted assumptions expectations we started off not understanding the functional limitations of smart phones and so we developed ideas that had a lot of bells and whistles that perhaps could not work on a smart phone and we quickly learned that expertise matters we were first advised that any smart college could do this for you and we tried that for several months and realized that that is not the case we had to work in stages there were several iterations of the app and I have to say that because of the gaming background of our tech partners we wanted to make sure that no one was hurt or exploded in the course of developing the AP apps a lot of the gaming features had that as part of winning and competing in terms of the game and we wanted to say choose a strength based and welcoming environment in the process given that it is parenting is so very personal and so very cultural but there are some funny iterations of the app that I'd love to share with you at some point now drumroll to the story board of the prototype of the app as you can see the first photo is of us getting a lot of input from parents about the process to the side of that is we can see the app on the phone on the mobile device click to the splash screen which will have a daily joke of the day a daily affirmation and a daily tip next on the first you see the videos of well the screen where you can access the videos which really is the heart and soul of the app and a connection to GPS so that folks can easily find some services that they may be interested in including libraries and school recreational areas we've developed along with parents and some of our team leaders two games we've been using successfully for the last seven years we updated it to an app format and the other is a new soccer game that explores myths and realities of child development we're really excited we know that it's a new day and there's a lot of great talent in the tech field and we await a lot of great new resources that will soon be developed we want to thank our friends from TechSoup and from the Early Learning Lab for creating a safe and welcoming space for us to discuss these issues and move forward so that we can better support and honor the families thank you thank you so much, Chandra that was awesome all of the presenters that was fabulous we have lots of opportunity now for questions and I see in our question queue we've got quite about 27 questions so let's see if we'll be able to get to these and I believe the first few will be for Rebecca Rebecca a few people are wondering about the types of video conferencing platforms that parents use or how many parents use those video conferencing platforms like Skype yeah I saw that question it's a great one we did not ask parents specifically about video conferencing platforms I wish we had that would have been a good addition so 2020 hindsight we would have added that I do know from other work at 0-3 that a lot of families are using video conferencing platforms especially military families to stay in touch with parents who are deployed but with regard to this survey we did not include it thank you there are a few folks that would love to get more information about the research instruments you used and that particular survey and I saw you chatting out to some folks about the upcoming survey could you talk a little bit about that yes so the survey instrument itself will likely be part of one of the documents or one of the assets that will be released which will be the first week of May and for those of you who are interested in getting the results you can visit 0-3.org or follow us on Facebook or Twitter and you'll certainly see the results there on social media thank you someone would like some advice or your best advice on how to research or reach families that have lower literacy while being sensitive to their needs but not be condescending yeah, that was a hard one to answer in the chat and I think it's such a balance and I think our other speakers today really have made such strides in this as well so I encourage them to jump in but I feel as though our approach first always validate a parent's experience for example dealing with temper tantrums rather than saying here are the three steps to handling a temper tantrum which as a parent of a very intense child it's more like here than 97,000 steps to handle a temper tantrum so we try to start off by validating a parent's experience temper tantrums can really drive you crazy and that's okay, you're allowed to have feelings but it's what you do with those feelings that really matters for your child and what they're learning and then giving parents ideas to think about giving parents the idea that kids are allowed to be angry and frustrated but it's up to us to teach them the okay ways to express that that might be an idea that you give parents to think about and then say some parents find it's useful to teach their child to punch the couch cushions to get them out you can use one of those ideas or one that works well for your family so really acknowledging that there aren't any simple answers but here are some things to think about and here are some things that have worked for other parents and then really try and engage them in a discussion Thank you I think this question is for you Rebecca but Chatelle or any of the other presenters can chime in on the traditional standards for the use of technology that these folks can use for curriculum planning and to share with families Wow that did not was not encompassed in our survey so I'm not sure I'd be the best person to respond to that but I'd love to hear what others think This is Elena the National Association for the Education of Young Children and the Fred Rogers Center for the Proficient Statement Regarding Technology It's not exactly standards but it's principles and solidly backed by the research that we have to date Thank you so much Elena This is Chatelle I just wanted to jump in with another resource that might be helpful in terms of thinking about the use of digital media and technology with young children New research that is coming out at the Jogands Cooney Center and a book that was recently published called TAP Click Read which was written by Michael Levine and Lisa Guernsey so you may want to check that out as well they have a website and we included it on our resource list so you'll get that with the post event email Yes it was also attached to everyone's reminder email and we will be sure to include that research page with that link and there's an amazing array of resources on that page if you haven't had a chance to look at that yet, folks, on the webinar you should check that out The next few questions look like they're for Elena and if I'm incorrect presenters, please chime in Elena, how long has the Comienza program been going? I think it's been going for at least five or six years and the question that I often get is how was it funded? They use the Federal Migrant Education Fund Great, thank you One other question was about the term you used Random Acts Could you talk a little bit more about what you mean? By Random Acts you know we mean that with the ease with which you know, apps and other forms of digital media are available that they are used we would like to see the use of that digital platforms in relation to the purposes and learning objectives of a program and to think about them and consider any other type of platform whether digital or not how does this contribute to engaging families in their children's learning What can we expect or what would we like to see as desired results also do we have the capacity is it something that is feasible within the resources of an early childhood program and then how do we engage families of decision makers in the use of this technology and platform Thank you Elena The next couple of questions Sandra, I believe this question is about your app Some folks are wondering about tracking the use of the app if you have any metrics that you can share on who is using it Not yet, I did want to add that we are still in the prototype phase some of the app is 5-day at 5-day and we are working to get the prototype so it does have some rudimentary analytics we hope to have it up on our website soon so that folks can interact with it and provide feedback it will be free, it will be available in Spanish and in English it is not fully completed yet because you are taking it slow and steady based on the feedback that we are receiving I also wanted to add that part is getting used to things not working and having to edit because a lot of the Latino parents are smart phone dependents there may not be enough bandwidth for all the video that we had originally intended it is still a work in progress it is in infancy or toddler stage Thank you Some folks are wondering if it will be available in androids and IOS or We are planning for both We are planning in English and in Spanish We are still working and raising funds for the full development of the app We want to be very careful and mindful of the feedback that we will receive in the next six months as we roll this out for people to try If anybody is interested please contact me and we will be happy to make it available for you to interact with Great, thank you We are actually almost that time and there are a couple other things that I wanted to make sure to cover those of you that are still on the call and the webinar, don't worry if we didn't get to specifically address your question, we do collect these and our presenters have agreed to answer the questions so that we would be able to send those back out to you in a document so you can benefit from everyone's questions and the presenters answers Before you go it is important for us that we helped you achieve a learning objective So tell us what you learned today Go into the chat box Tell us one thing you learned today or one thing that you are going to try to implement yourself Yes, a lot of folks are interested in trying out the app, Sandra and a lot of folks are interested in getting contacts You will receive all of that information and follow-up emails and it looks like a lot of folks learned a lot about the research as well Great. And some upcoming webinars and events On the 23rd we have a special digital literacy training tutorial for libraries On the 29th we are going to have a TechSoup tour that is for folks that are new to TechSoup and we talk about how to order a donated product And then on the 31st we have Excel for beginners for folks that have little to no experience in Excel but want to learn It is an hour and a half and there will be lots of attachments and things for you to practice as we do So I want to thank the early learning lab for partnering with TechSoup Chateau, thank you so much for putting this together and getting such a wonderful group of experts from zero to three Rebecca, thank you so much Dr. Lopez from the Harvard Family Project, thank you And Sandra Gutierrez from Briendo Puertas, Opening Doors So she'll tell if there's anything else you would like to add about the upcoming webinars so folks can stay tuned Definitely. I just wanted to echo the thanks to all of our presenters for this wonderful program and just wanted to tell the audience that the next early learning lab TechSoup webinar for the field with technology and early learning settings that will be coming in June So stay tuned for that, we'll be sending out more information about it And we are also creating MicroSite which should be launching in April I believe Susan, that will be an early learning lab TechSoup partnership collecting and providing resources on technology in early learning for the field So stay tuned for that as well Yes, we're looking forward to working on that and getting that right, much like Sandra said sometimes it's trial and error and feedback from folks like you on this call So I do also want to send a special shout out to Becky Wiggins who has been helping out on the back end and has been my mentor in learning, ReadyTalk and getting used to this platform I want to thank everyone who attended today, especially those who have been new to TechSoup I want you to check out our website and attend other events One other thing, we want to thank our sponsors, ReadyTalk for providing this platform Again everyone, you will receive a follow-up email with all of the resources the PowerPoint and a link to the recording. Thank you so much We hope you have a great rest of your week and we look forward to seeing you again. Bye-bye


There's a little three-page piece of paper that we can add to your estate planning documents That if one of you passes away and you're married Then all of the capital gains tax will wipe be wiped out on every Capital investment or house that you own so you could have bought a stock. Let's say for $10,000 and that short-tell stock and that stock Then goes up in value to five hundred and ten thousand dollars and your spouse dies And you didn't do it when one of you dies the survivor can sell that stock and Pay no capital gains tax Now that's some of the secrets we tell you when you come into doing a state plan


Brainerd played host to Minnesota Chief Justice Laurie Gilday on Tuesday for a discussion about protecting the justice system. Clayton Castle has more. Where law ends, tyranny begins. That was the central message as Minnesota Chief Justice Laurie Gilday visited Brainerd on Tuesday to spread a message of justice and promise for the judicial system. I think it's important to begin by reflecting on why our justice system is so important to all of us, why it's so important in our lives and to the freedoms that we enjoy as Americans. Chief Justice Gilday presented a PowerPoint presentation to explain the not-so-well-known workings of the state judiciary to emphasize that importance to everyday Minnesotans. Every day courts resolve thousands of disputes between businesses, neighbors, family members, the government and others. Courts resolve these disputes fairly and impartially and perhaps most importantly peacefully. Despite talking about a wide variety of topics throughout the night such as Minnesota's low incarceration rate and high probation rate, Gilday is quick to remind people that the judiciary is a result of the promise that Minnesotans made to each other in 1858. Promise that each Minnesotan has the right to justice freely, promptly and without delay. The promise to maintain a judicial system that is fair, accessible, responsive and well managed. The promise to maintain a justice system is great as our state. As for the biggest takeaway from the Chief Justice's visit to Brainerd, while the system is always based on defending, it also always needs to be defended. Where the law ends, tyranny begins. Reporting in Brainerd, Clayton Castle, Lakeland News. Gilday was appointed Chief Justice in 2010. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


The U.S. is leading a 40-country push towards an alliance to sign a pledge to never again pay ransom to cyber criminals. Partner countries will share a blacklist through the U.S. Department of Treasury, including digital wallets being used to move ransomware payments plus A.I. to analyze the blockchain with the goal to identify illicit funds. I think that companies are going to, they're going to do what's best for them and, you know, what they think is in their best interest, what's going to affect their bottom line the least. So I hope that this eventually catches on, but I think it's going to take, you know, an enormous, I don't want to say an enormous amount. It's going to take some time. This is not a next year type thing where everybody is complying with this. Yeah. 40 countries don't just say, okay, we're not going to do it anymore. And now the problem goes away. The problem is not going to go away.


What's going on guys welcome back to the channel critical overlord here's my Halloween is this video here again today now? I've been seeing this get talked about online more recently because those of you who watch those Megan videos I've done there's only been three so far But Megan is expected to have its first look attached to the black phone when it releases in theaters later this month But now also because I did for those of you follow me on Twitter You know I put out a tweet to some of you saying that you could actually see the black phone on June 15th this month there's some type of investor screening going on with AMC which of course you guys can also attend as well and Those people in attendance could be getting treated to the first look at Halloween ends now a lot of people are thinking this because It's just something that's been sparked online to talk about and speculate on But also because of the fact that today from if I'm remembering correctly actually marks for years since the first trailer For Halloween 2018 was released I'm not saying that the trailer is coming out today But some people do think there is now a chance that you could see this footage with the black phone It's released as well not just Megan, but they could show you the first look at Halloween ends Some people also thinking that maybe we'll get a teaser before that or not not a teaser but like a poster or something like that Released before before we get to see the footage in theaters If you go out of your way to see the black phone at that investor screening or even just waiting to see it the week after when it Releases on the 24th so many different possibilities there But the other thing I wanted to talk about really quick was regarding Nick Castle Who has come out and stated that he will have he basically just went on to Give more details about his camera that we already knew he was gonna have in Halloween in Halloween ends So he said he says that it features him appearing on screen But without the Michael Myers mask he says that by the way I'm going to be in the new one But I won't be in the mass. Don't don't tell anybody Castle shared in a cameo. So I think that's one of those videos you pay for the stars to do a video to you So he says you'll see me. You'll see this face. Yes for the first time on camera the actual face of Nicholas Castle Now some people think oh, does that mean Michael Myers is gonna be a mast again Michael Myers very well could be unmasked again when this happens though I don't think it's gonna be with Nick Castle in the role in the costume That would of course be with James New Courtney when he's saying that he you're gonna see him without the mask This could be something as brief as a I would say what I'm thinking of like a random character or somebody who might have A small significance to the plot that just shows up and you'll be able to identify Hey, that's Nick Castle, but he's not gonna be unmasked as Michael Myers if Michael Myers is a master once again Which I would imagine he will be that's gonna be with James you Courtney in the role It's not gonna be with Nick Castle. So of course some people are gonna think oh They're gonna find a way to put Nick Castle back in the costume. I don't think so considering the height difference between him and James you Courtney from what I can recall if I'm correct. They're not gonna do that They're not saying you can't make it work I just think that if you're gonna unmask Michael Myers You're gonna use the person who's playing him most of the time in the role and that's James you Courtney not Nick Castle But we'll see what happens there as far as like what his little brief appearance without a mask will be So because I think what he's mostly getting at is how in the past He's been on screen with the mask on in the 2018 But we know that was him doing the head tilt up in the bedroom with us with the shattered Shattered window when Laura is pointing the gun. We know we know that was him So him saying he's gonna be doing this this time without the mask I think just means he's not gonna be cameoing as Michael Myers He's gonna be cameoing Unmasked as somebody else and a lot of people will pick up on it and say hey That's Nick Castle kind of like how I I guess you can say Steven King was in it chapter 2 a lot of people Of course say hey, that's Stephen King. He wrote this story. It's gonna be something like that That's what I think but in relation to the footage trailer possibly coming with a Screening of the black phone of course is possible June again has been the month that many of us myself included have thought that we will get to See the first trailer teaser for Halloween in so we'll see if that ends up being true There are not saying I'm not saying you need to believe this but there is this page I think it's Sina Sina leaks or something like that. I'll leave a link to them in the description They didn't say that the trailer is ready and that it could be attached to the black phone This account seems to do nothing but put out stuff like that. It doesn't mean that it's true So again, you can believe that if you want to but I'm not saying it's verified So in relation to that When do you think we will get the trailer or the first footage released online? And do you think is gonna be about the same as what we saw at Cinemacon? I think so it's so it's gonna be a compilation of things that read Retread and recap what has happened in the 78 movie. What happened in the 2018 and kills movie talking about Michael Myers hyping him up hyping up maybe some stuff about Laurie strolled and then pushing forward to let us see that kitchen brawl and See what's going on in the kitchen and then put up of course these plug these plug statements Oh, the end the end of an era or the final battle between Michael Myers Laurie strolled You know all these big selling points the final encounter having them stand off in the teaser I said this in another video I think before we even got footage they should do something like that to establish this big fight feel and hype your movie up as Michael Myers vs. Laurie strolled that will definitely be a smart thing to do even though we know it's not going to be Consistently like that from start to finish. There's gonna be a lot more to it than just watching a Mainstream final girl big-time final girl fight off against a big-time horror villain It's not gonna be just them fighting but selling it in marketing like that It's obviously a very smart thing to do because people want to see that so they're gonna be even more Excited and get anticipated to see this encounter no matter how brief it is this good when they have their interactions at max I think you might get six minutes of these two fighting six minutes max That's just me and again We'll see how Nick Castle ends up being factored into the movie with his cameo my in my mind I'm imagining somebody just appearing in the movie who may have a very minor role or some type of Significant role that doesn't really also then make them as important as everyone else But it's enough to maybe push the needle forward a bit with the story because what you could do is Have him appear and again just like how Stephen King was it chapter 2 People gonna say hey, that's Nick Castle not everyone again is Studying this stuff like those of us online who watch videos like what I do and what other content creators do who do it very well They are going to probably not identify that person But us this is where the diehard fans more than anything if he's not gonna be out of out of costume as Michael Myers I don't see a lot of people identifying it Cal say hey, that's Nick Castle me people like you of course gonna recognize him and say Oh, that's that's cool. That's Nick Castle But we'll see how they ends up happening. We'll see if we get the footage first teaser trailer Whatever they want to call it. We'll see if we get a poster today, too We'll see if anything happens today to recognize for whatever reason the four-year anniversary of their first trailer for 2018 dropping And if next week will be the week we get the first trailer again, none of this is confirmed It's just nice to think about so we'll see if you haven't already course make sure you subscribe turn on post a kitchen That means video in the description links for social media accounts on Facebook Twitter and Instagram You can message me there, of course There's any movies news or views let me cover in the future with all that in mind guys I will see you in the next video


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What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards. I am ripping. Let's see. We've got to 2022 top or try star hidden treasures autograph basketball jerseys and 121 22 pretty me Chronicles basketball For Mario G. So good luck Mario We'll do your Chronicles basketball first thing. Let me just double-check. That's the right one. Yes, 21 22 Chronicles basketball Good luck Pull some heat out of this. Why not? Again, I'm not gonna sleep every single thing right now Mario. I will denote again what needs to be sleeved All the numbered stuff in the hits. I will right now though Nimi's Keita Wiggins Yolkich Bradley Biel 75th anniversary. That's kind of nasty That is eight out of 75 the Wizards Penn Simmons that is Mehmet Okur on the national pride auto for the jazz that is 21 out of 25 nice low numbered auto there Booker and Chris d'Wart say on the marquee pack number two Williams Ingram. There's a Scotty Barnes again like this Scotty will be this will be sleeved That is Moses Moody 11 out of 49 For the Warriors on the plates and patches rookie purple That's cool Alvarado Zair Williams, there's a Yanis and a Cam Thomas Moses Moody KD Lebron luminance. We got a Quinton Grimes That is 64 out of 149 for the mix on the prestige Herbert Jones crusade honors Franz Wagner Alfred Shengun and red. I would just soon move 29 out of 149 Nice one there Doesn't have an immobily base Joshua primo Delano Benton Joshua primo again. There's a Scotty Barnes honor Scotty Barnes honors Wow How about an Isaiah Thomas? 23 out of 25 There you go Mario on the IT That's nasty the playoff basketball Hall of Fame that's fire dude congrats Mario, let's go buddy We've got KD and a blue John and Caminga 27 out of 99 Let's pull like a platinum foil one-on-one pull the few of those so far so Quinton Grimes thought of in Mitchell There's a bones Highland We've got Kessler Edwards on the gold standard 20 out of 99 Nets another bones Highland That is red rookies and stars Chris D'Hart say 96 out of 149 for the Pacers nice Dwarf say I have to soon move and Ant-Man Last pack of chronicles here for you Mario Franz Wagner rookie Booker Levine, there's a jaw numbered 26 out of 99 playbook Grizzlies Got a filler there's Isaiah Jackson nice purple Franz Wagner 17 out of 49 Nice fronds on the crusade God Josh Christopher and Kessler Edwards That'll do it for chronicles. Let's do your two jerseys now Good luck here Mario See some crazy stuff come out of these jerseys You Wow Coming for the Rockets that Steve Francis Stevie franchise, baby. That's so sick. You can see the auto on top there. You got your tri-star authentication Man Stevie franchise on like the mid-2000s Rockets jerseys with the gray. That's sick Congrats on that one there Mario Nice first jersey. All right, let's see what we got in this one Jordan question mark So net what a jersey dude All right, it's Alex English Take a look at the jersey dude. That's so sick on the throwback nuggets Alex English Hall of Fame 97 Man, that's such a cool display piece there for you Mario Wow, dude on the Tetris City Rainbow jerseys Got your tri-star hologram, dude, that's so cool That's an awe that is an absolutely awesome jersey of one of the most underrated players in NBA history Congrats Mario to really cool jerseys for you, buddy That will do it for your break there Mario Oops put that in Congrats on the hits in the jerseys. We'll get them right out to your buddy. Thanks again as always


I presented that this talk at London and at the KubeCon and not Europe in Valencia earlier this year This time I will do it a bit different But I have brought a buddy with me who's gonna talk about that some of the pieces they did at isovalent So I will first start with a problem statement because when you do this and people ask me why we want to do this There's there needs to be a problem statement The logic is around how do we make our network more tuned to the application? We normally do things with encapsulation We do some kind of networking tricks, but we don't look at what we're trying to do is actually connect applications So I thought I brought just three statements, which I liked around now Do we some of the problems around the applications? for example Network treat in 2030 from the ITUT explained that one of the gaps we had in an existing internet right now was the Network doesn't really connect well really relevant with the the applications Another one which is famous I think from it was in medium somebody complained about how to make the network get out of the way for an application developer But the one I really liked it came out of sick come last year with from a mid for a bad at from Google when he was They're talking about the network and application integration Explaining that most of the time application developers don't really care should not care and don't want to learn about the network They just really want to build their applications and the concept of what is network for them is kind of overly complex for no reason And I really like this doc because in a utopian world We would like this to be happening we would like to be able to have a simple declarative and developer friendly way to do the application networking And evolving towards a network specification or a way to the expose those networking Concept in a meaningful manner from the for the developers not really how to do a layer two constructs a layer three constructs So basically what we want is a developer an application developer or coder to be able to expect the specifications Some magic will happen in the network and try and make that happen. And how do we make that developer friendly? So Crash course into a service six network programming Some people might have their ears ears bleeding afterwards, but this is K This comes out directly from the ITF. It is afraid a standard It's an RFC, which is a 89 86 which allows to create network programs using Basically policies composed of instructions and behaviors or behaviors that we call them network programs have a view Which are network-wide you build a network program, which is end-to-end from a telecom perspective But your instructions are locally defined you build a your code and this is the one that it does the Instructions it's built based on standard IPv6 it leverages IPv6 as a common denominator and transport And basically what you do is you connect those small instructions together to create that end-to-end program It uses a source routing paradigm meaning that at the source of the network or your source of the Domain of segment routing you actually encode all the places you want to up in your network And it will give you the application Actual program you wanted to adhere to this is done to either an extension header, which is also a standard RFC 8754 or True is basic use of IPv6 other IP headers It those instructions are Identified are encoded into what we called pat segments or segment segment IDs Which are represented into an IPv6 format and there's two ways of doing so one which is the base Which was the initial one which using 128 bit of the IPv6 address to be able to identify segments The the newer one which is compressed in is how to use some Chunks of 16 bits out of that 128 bit to create those segments There the latter part being more friendly for towards ASIC, but they actually both support are the same architecture So basically you can encode a path into either a list of 128 bit segments in an extension header of IPv6 of Just another IP header if you only want to have one instruction and only one other IP Either if you want to have multiple small instructions, that's going to compress it version So you're gonna tell me what the heck does it do with applications? So basically you do your instructions Instructions are packet processing programs Everyone to do when you treat the packet can be done in p4 Can it be done in C can be done in ebpf for example, and it's all you do What instructions you want to your packet to be processed on and you implement them at multiple points as I said before They are locally dependent So I can actually create a code that nobody in the world will ever know what it does But it's my code and actually it's it's customized to me They can be standardized as some of those instructions are standard how to do encapsulation of layer 2 how to decap and do a lookup in IP table before those kind of things and Some can be totally user-defined So for example a network function vendor would want to create something which is SRV6 compliant could decide I really I do a complete instruction code into my box and my function and it's still it would still be a Sorry six compliant, even though I haven't not gone to the ITF and standardized it So to my logic and if I do the summarization of SRV segment routing v6 I call it the one protocol to rule them all Because once you've done it well, you don't have to go back to any standards to build rebuild and be I have acknowledgement It's all integrated Once you've done this once you have created all your say your your segments Then you create your SR policy or your end-to-end program and then you steer traffic Based on any kind of characteristics you want to do either logical physical interfaces or five tuples and all those things and the Actually, how you will build you will build your network your you build your your network program So what is interesting is from a single logic of a policy of a single address bit I can represent any networking constructs layer to layer tree functionalized firewall everything can be identified this way so That brings me back to the dreaded telco networking use case This is how we actually have to deal with networking right now in a community's world Most of our application need to talk to multiple domains. We don't know how to do it easily in communities we create an insane amount of complexity with Multis multi CNI try to do those kind of folks We still haven't figured out how to connect my communities cluster to multiple environments and the reality is network operators even Enterprises have that problem So and before that we didn't really think about this But I think it became into a spotlight when telco started to think about using communities, which was the first thing that happened But so what I'm trying to look at and when we look when we engage with these element team is how could we do something a Bit more disruptive and looking at new ways of addressing the problem This is where we went and did SRv6 VPN or layer tree VPN into CELium How to leverage the construct of CELium and the policies egress policies to be able to be able to have a pod single interface single default tie routing table nothing complex no forwarding rules no Insanities of IP static routes to be able to attach the right the right networking constructs when required and use the logic of BGPV PNV for for for the Layer tree VPN advertisement to be able to create those policies dynamically So from a developer perspective, you just assign a VRF the rest becomes really quite simple Once you've done this any pattern is now possible because I found a way to hook my network my application into a network My network can be stretched across multiple domains multiple technologies because I can still use the earlier constructs of the network with like Gateways and not devices whatever we want. We can also introduce service chains We can actually insert functions or different devices either physical or virtual inside that policy Meaning my cluster can now read my my program can now reach beyond the communities cluster and be able to attach to To the network or to have the services So in essence, I'm making my network more programmable by combining the strengths of eps of eBPF and SRv6 How do I do it? You build a simple instruction using eBPF code It where it's in encapsulation decapsulation any kind of packet processing engine You link those segments to those instructions to a say a service segment ID. Basically, you give them an IPv6 address You build the policies out of those out of those IPv6 addresses those segments Which creates a segment list and then you find a way to steer the traffic in any way or form into that policy And be all do you now have a network program? Simple encapsulation supporting overly underly and be able to do serve complex service chaining Which in the in in realm I can actually have an application doing network functions at the application level Still being able to be tied to a program Which is also supports my underlay traffic engineering for example Network slicing if you look about the 5g transport all of that all those kind of things including service chaining in a simple Simple way using the the SRv6 protocol and the flexibility Silyam and eBPF give me That's basically the crash course of why we went at that approach to support our networking requirements I will pass the mic to a to a Lewis we can explain the details of how it's been implemented Everyone yeah, my name is Lewis. I'm a staff software engineer at Isovalent and for this part of the talk I'm gonna go in to detail on how we achieved the POC of a popular SRv6 feature L3 VPN which was somewhat explained already so The first concept that we needed to achieve was pod VRF membership The idea here and one of our design goals was for a pod to belong to multiple VRFs and To achieve this we would like the Silyam data path to identify the destination traffic of its egress traffic destination of its egress traffic and Depending on that destination it'll identify which VRF Should that traffic be tagged as In order to do that like most things with eBPF We accomplish this with a series of maps which stores state So I'm actually going to explain these maps from bottom up here the first map that we have is the VRF map and This takes the pods IP address and the destination sider and maps it to a VRF ID So this gives us the notion of VRF pod VRF membership Next we have a SID map which is a simple mapping between SRv6 SIDs and the VRFs Which the SIDs act as locators for and finally we have a policy map The policy map takes the destination sider and the VRF Which we've identified the traffic belonging to and then provides you a SID This really allows us to encode multiple SIDs for a particular VRF Okay, so what does that actually look like on the data path side the next The next concept that we have to achieve is traffic encapsulation, right? So the idea here is that you label a pod And that pod that label determines the VRFs that the pod could potentially be in When the pod begins egressing traffic the psyllium data path will identify which VRF It would belong to and then it performs a policy lookup Inside the policy map which are just covered to identify which SID should actually in cap the outgoing traffic So at the actual data path level, what are we doing? So here I have a packet flow diagram and I'm going to start at the top left when a pod sends traffic We traverse the egress the v-th device and we hit the host networking stack From there, we'll do a fib lookup and we'll find the native device On the native device we attach TCEgress eBPF program. If you're not super familiar with the terms TCEgress or TC ingresses They're more or less cues which you can hook eBPF programs onto as the packet traverses either direction of the interface So let me go through the actual logic flow of what happens when SRV6 traffic is egressing We'll perform a lookup into the IP cache map So I didn't cover this map much, but it's a mapping of IP addresses that Sillium knows about It gives us metadata for instance It will tell us that the destination address is it a IP address in our cluster or not If it's not in our cluster Then we're going to actually go the in-cap path from there The traffic will do a VRF lookup on the traffic will take the source IP address and the destination address and then look up the VRF ID Again, we'll take the VRF ID and then we'll do a destination Along with the destination address and do a lookup in the policy map the policy map will provide us the SID will in-cap the traffic and then the SRV6 becomes the outer packet the SRV6 SID becomes the outer packet and then the inner packet is the original pod traffic So now the next step we'd have to deal with is traffic decapsulation So in this packet flow diagram we first have a native device ETH0 and Incoming to the Sillium data path we see that there is a SID When the Sillium data path determines that this could be a SID We're going to do a lookup in the SID map and Determine if we know about this did did we find this from the control plane? Did we allocate it ourselves if we did we decap the packet? So again, what does that look like on the data path here? We have the ETH device hanging off external network and packet is now ingressing packets are ingressing now We again attach a EBPF program on the TC ingress this side and we perform a SID lookup With the SID map and then if it is a destination SID We know we decap it and then we send the packet the inner packet to Rx that might be more data path processing normally that just goes to the pod So L3 VPN usually also includes a BGP aspect and in this case Sillium can act as a BGP speaker and it can actually learn about upstream PE VPN networks this way so when Sillium is acting as a BGP speaker we have a concept called the BGP control plane and it can peer with upstream PEs and the advertisements VPN v4 BGP advertisements hold the data which Provide the VPN information the SID the prefix And when we learn about this we go ahead and we map those VPN v4 advertisements into data path map calls which programs the maps which we Outlined before and sets up the encapsulation side Likewise for the Decapsulation side again using our BGP control plane We're able to understand a VRF has been created and we can allocate a SID for this VRF and then we can advertise that forward to Upstream PEs now when they learn about it. They'll understand that They can encapsulate traffic in a particular SID send it to us. We'll decap it and then send it off to a pod Okay, so with that we actually have a demo of the POC and Enzo So it should be audio involved with this Okay, well, I'll just talk us through it then the best I can so we have a topology here and Let's describe it starting on the right side. We have Sillium acting as a PE and we have pod One which is in VRF zero Sillium is Peered with PE zero and it's going to advertise L3 VPN routes for the VRF zero PE zero is an FRR router and it has two routers hanging off it CE one and CE two and They both have overlapping VPN addresses So the idea here is that pod one can send traffic It can be encapsulated and reach a VPN 10 3 0 1 24 over VRF zero Okay, so we're taking an initial look here at FRR and this explains the FRR configuration that we have This is PE zero. So this is explaining That the routing table of FRR has two NDT four routes these NDT four routes Tell FRR that when it sees those SIDS We're interested in the VRF zero routing table here the routing entry there and the SID of the B two zero zero one hundred when it sees that SID Ingress it's going to de-capsulate it and send it off to VRF zero. That's our initial FRR configuration so what we don't have right now is the Incapsulation portion which says the return traffic going towards FRR needs to be encapsulated in a SID Which locates pod ones VRF zero on psyllium side? So we apply a configuration and then we trigger this what what this is doing is having psyllium allocate a SID and and Sent making an advertisement up to FRR saying to get to VRF zero You can encapsulate this traffic in this SID that we've allocated. Here's a log line showing us that we've done the actual SID allocation which is highlighted there and then the resulting routing table one hundred On FRR indicates that we have learned about the allocated SID and that when we see Egressing traffic to ten one zero zero slash twenty four We're going to encapsulate it in the SID which psyllium Allocated and sent forward over the BGP control plane The ten one zero zero slash twenty four. That's our pod sider. So that's going to get the traffic back Okay, so here we start a ping from pod one in VRF zero This is a good sign because the traffic is already coming back. So we know we have end-to-end communication But now we probably want to dig a little bit deeper and show a TCP dump of what's actually going on on the wire itself and Okay, so now we have an echo request and an echo reply What we can see here is the outer IP address of the request You see our allocated SID and you see that the destination is the VRF zero on FRR side the SID which locates that You can see that it is an encapsulated packet and the inner IPs are our pot a pod IP address 101097 and the destination is VRF zeros 10301 Likewise the return traffic is now coming from our host or our FRR node at B one colon colon one and it's destined to our SRV6 SID on the psyllium side So ideally what happens is that when psyllium sees this SID It's going its data path is going to be set up in such a way that it will decap that SID pull out the inner IP address of 101097 and deliver that forward to pod one and That is currently occurring because you see the pot you see the return traffic getting back to pod one demonstrated there and then the last interesting thing to note is just looking at CE ones right so CE one is all that all the way on the other side of the Customers network. It's past the PEs and it's over hanging off FRR is VRF zero interface What we see here is the encapsulated traffic, right? So this is just a a proof saying okay. Yeah, we did the decapsulation We don't see any IPv6 addresses. We basically have end-to-end L3 VPN as a proof of concept working So, yeah That's all for the demo and then There was the Yep, and just I am far from the only person working on this It's been a lot of fun and it's definitely Some cool network tech that I got the liberty to working with Two other great engineers Paul and Yutaro and Jerome three other great engineers Great. Yeah, I hope you enjoyed it. Thank you very much. If you have questions come to you Hi, see you have two amazing and awesome policy expression languages and I'm curious for the SRV six side if you think about end-to-end observability, but what's happening between eBPF and SRV six is Hubble taking SRV six data or do you sort of do debugging between eBPF and SRV six if you're trying to figure out end-to-end or what was the state of our route At one point or which labels were used which v6 addresses were used for what at one point like how do you think about that? End-to-end operability debugging Yes, currently, I don't think there is a integration with this POC and Hubble currently But the traffic flow would follow the normal data path flow. So given That we can see the traffic and pull out Labeled information then we do have the control plane which has all the smarts of what's going on, right? So we should be able to pick apart that information and be intelligent about how we show the traffic observation and there'd be some storage of what that was at 10 p.m. Yesterday Versus the network view of that pull down your mask a bit. Yeah, right, you know So so going a few days before not just the real-time, you know thinking about that But how you would look at what the state was a few days ago if you're trying to debug a ticket or Some question about connectivity, you know something that might not have been working, but didn't wasn't detected in real-time. Yeah So you you will add the information out of a bowl for the data path the routing plane You can actually get the stream telemetry or the stream data about the BGP routes You can get time stamping on all you your state of your route work I think it's not part of our ball, but the correlation can be done quite a quite easily Any other questions? Thank you very much