Good evening aspirants, welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankara Ace Academy. The list of articles which has been chosen for today's analysis along with the page numbers of Chennai, Bengaluru, Delhi and Tiruvannapuram Medicines are provided here. The link for the handwritten notes in PDF format and the time stamping for the displayed articles is provided in the description box below. And for the benefit of smartphone users, the time stamping is also provided in the comments section. Let's move on to our first article analysis. This article is about the budget presented by the finance minister. This article discussion will be a part of prelim syllabus under current events of national importance and then in Indian polity and governance. The discussion is also relevant in main syllabus in general studies paper two under the area significant provisions of Indian constitution and then also under government policies and intervention for development in various sectors. And the discussion is also relevant in GS paper three under Indian economy and issues related to planning mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment and then also under government budgeting. Yesterday, the union finance minister while presenting the budget speech also presented certain documents before the parliament that are based on the Indian constitution. One among such documents is the annual financial statement which is based on articles 112 of Indian constitution. Another document is demand for graphs which is under the article 113 of the Indian constitution. Then finally, the finance bill which is based on article 110 clause 1 of Indian constitution. The annual financial statement consists of estimated receipts and expenditure of the government of India for the year 2019 to 2020. In connection with the estimates of the year 2018 to 2019 and the actual expenditure for the year 2017 to 2018. These are shown under three parts in which the government accounts are kept. They are the consolidated fund of India, the contingency fund of India and the public accounts of India. We saw that demand for grants is a document based on article 130. The estimates of expenditure made from the consolidated fund of India as stated in the annual financial statement has to be voted by the Lok Sabha. Here note that there is difference in expenditure made and expenditure charged upon consolidated fund of India. The expenditure charged under the fund is not voteable by the Lok Sabha. And the finance bill details the imposition of taxes, abolition of taxes, remission, alteration and regulation of taxes as proposed in the budget. According to article 110 of the constitution, this finance bill is a money bill. Then as part of budget, two important statements were laid before the parliament that are based on provisions of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act that is FRBM Act of 2003. These statements are macroeconomic framework statement and medium term fiscal policy and fiscal policy strategy statement. These two statements are presented to the parliament based on section 3 of the FRBM Act of 2003. Then another important document which is presented before the parliament is the outcome budget. With effect from financial year 2007 to 2008, the performance and outcome budget were presented to the parliament. Previously, this was done separately by the ministries or department till the financial year 2017. But since financial year 2017 to 2018, the outcome budget of all ministries has been combined into a single document. This single document will be brought out by Ministry of Finance in collaboration with the government think tank which is the Niti Ayog. It consists of clearly defined outputs and outcomes of various central sector schemes and centrally sponsored schemes for the present financial year. Now, one correction here. In one of our previous classes, we have mistakenly mentioned that PM Kisan is a centrally sponsored scheme. We request the viewers to note the correction in it because it is a central sector scheme which gets absolute or 100% funding from the central government. Now, coming back to the discussion, the above mentioned all the documents along with the expenditure budget, receipts budget, expenditure profile, budget at a glance and the memorandum explaining the provisions of the finance bill are called as budget documents. Also, one more important thing to note here is that there is no mention of the term budget in the Indian constitution. But however, we have three important budget documents that are based on the provisions of the Indian constitution. Till the end of this financial year, whatever mentioned in the budget will be discussed in the news again and again. Now, let us see few important things mentioned in this news article. The article states that the income tax return can be now filed using Aadhar. Previously, the requirement of permanent account number that is PAN was compulsory. Because of this announcement, it is now expected that many more individuals will file income tax returns. A detailed analysis based on this will be done later in our discussion. Then the article also states that the customs duty on gold and other precious metals has been increased from 10% to 12.5%. Here the customs duty is nothing but the tax levied or imposed on the imports. Then the excise duty for fuel has been hiked by rupees 1. Here the excise duty is an indirect tax which is levied on those goods that are manufactured in India and are meant for home consumption. Then the budget has announced that rupees 1 lakh loan will be given under Mudra scheme to one woman in every self-help group. The Mudra loans are extended for a variety of purposes that provides income generation and employment creation in manufacturing, services, retail and agriculture-aligned activities. Then also the Swachh Bharat mission has been expanded to undertake the solid waste management in all villages. Then along with this, it was also announced that the Reserve Bank of India is to be the regulator for the housing finance sector. It was also mentioned that the Reserve Bank of India is to be strengthened in its regulatory role with respect to the non-banking and financial companies, that is NBFCs. Then the goods and services tax for the electric vehicles has been reduced from 12% to 5%. Also a new section ATEB has been inserted into the Income Tax Act. This section aims to provide for a deduction of 1.5 lakhs on interest on loans obtained from financial institutions for the purchase of an electric vehicle. This is a huge support offered by the government to urge the citizens to adopt for cleaner forms of energy to minimize pollution. Then another announcement in the budget was the corporate tax rate has been lowered for the companies with an annual turnover less than 400 crore. The government has expressed its support based on reduction in tax for such forms to aid in the growth. The news article also says that the start-ups have been relieved from angel tax. After the selling of shares by the start-ups, the fair market value of the premium of shares issued by them are assessed by the tax authorities. In such assessment, if certain premium was found to be in excess of the fair market value, the excess amount in share price or premium will be grouped as income from other sources and it will be taxed at 30.9%. This assessment had lot of issues because in one assessment by an independent entity the share prices will be found to be of fair market value. But when tax officials come, in their calculations it becomes excess. Therefore, due to such issues it was found that the start-up companies were unable to raise funds from angel investors. Because angel investors say that even if I invest in you, your government will come and take them as taxes. So, the amount I give to you is not going to benefit you. This is what they say. This year's budget has actually relaxed certain norms and waived the scrutiny of tax officials on certain matters with respect to start-ups in the matter of angel tax. With this, we have come to the end of this discussion. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next article discussion, which is based on the union budget on agricultural sector. The discussion is important in prime syllabus under current events of national importance, then in economic geography and also in economic and social development, particularly under sustainable development, poverty, then in general issues on environmental ecology, biodiversity also. Then the discussion can be linked to main syllabus under GS paper 2, in the area government policies for development in various sectors, then in welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the centre and states and the performance of these schemes and then also in issues relating to poverty and hunger. The discussion is also important in GS paper 3 under Indian economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development. Then also in inclusive growth, then next in government budgeting and then next in transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues related constraints, then also in e-technology in the aid of farmers. In the union budget on the agricultural sector, the finance minister pointed to the policy initiatives in the sector. One of the policy initiatives was based on the online national agriculture market that is ENAM. The finance minister noted that the union government will work with state governments to allow farmers to benefit from ENAM. Here the national agriculture market that is ENAM is a Pan India Electronic Trading Portal. Pan India means all the parts of India. The Electronic Trading Portal creates the networking of the existing APMC Mondays that is the Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing Committee Mondays. This is to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. The small farmers agribusiness consortium that is FSAC is the lead agency for implementing ENAM. SFAC works under the ages of Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Government of India. The ENAM aims to promote uniformity in agriculture marketing by streamlining of procedures across the integrated markets by removing information asymmetry between buyers and sellers and also by promoting real-time price discovery based on the actual demand and supply. And the integration of APMCs across the country through a common online market platform is to facilitate Pan India trade in agriculture commodities as we saw earlier. This will be done by providing better price discovery through transparent auction process. This process is based on the quality of produce and it provides timely online payment also. Then the next policy initiative is to form 10,000 new farmer producer organizations. This is to ensure the economies of scale that is to ensure proportionate saving in costs which is gained by an increased level of production for farmers over the next 5 years. And then the finance minister urged the farmers to go back to the basics approach that is to go back to the zero budget farming. The zero budget farming or zero budget natural farming is a set of farming methods. It is also a grassroots or most basic peasant movement which has spread to various states in India. It has attained wide success in southern India especially in the state of Karnataka where it first evolved. The neoliberalization of the Indian economy that is the ideology of free market competition has led to a deep agrarian crisis which is making small scale farming a non feasible occupation. This is because the privatized seeds inputs and markets are inaccessible and expensive for the farmers. So Indian farmers increasingly find themselves in a vicious cycle of debt because of high production costs, high interest rates for credits, the volatile market prices of crops, then the rising costs of fossil fuel based inputs and also because of privatized seeds. Under such conditions the zero budget farming promises to end the reliance of farmers on loans and it promises to drastically cut production costs by ending the debt cycle for farmers. Here the word budget in the zero budget farming refers to credit and expenses. Thus the phrase zero budget means without using any credit and without spending any money on purchased inputs and the natural farming means farming with nature and without the use of chemicals. There are four pillars of zero budget natural farming. One is Jivamruta or Jivamrutham. It is a fermented microbial culture. It enhances soil microbiome through the application of cow dung, curve urine and other local ingredients. It provides nutrients but most importantly it acts as a catalyst that promotes the activity of microorganisms in the soil as well as it increases the earthworm activity. Jivamruta also helps to prevent fungal and bacterial plant diseases. Then the next pillar is the Bijamruta or Bijamrutham. It is a treatment used for seeds, seedlings or any planting material. Bijamruta is effective in protecting young roots from fungus as well as from soil borne or seed borne diseases that commonly affect plants after the monsoon period. It is composed of similar ingredients like Jivamruta such as local cow dung, a powerful natural fungicide and curve urine, strong antibacterial liquid, lime and soil. Then next is the Achchadana mulching. Mulching means materials such as decaying leaves, bugs or compost are spread around or are spread over a plant to enrich the soil or to insulate the soil. Then finally Vapasa moisture. The plant roots need a lot of water thus countering the over reliance on irrigation in green revolution farming. Vapasa is the condition where there are both air molecules and water molecules present in the soil. If all this can be achieved then there will not be any need to use chemical fertilizers that is why the finance minister is proposing to adopt such farming method. Now after these announcements the farmers group have complained that re-elected governments first budget has ignored their concerns. Also they noted that when the interim budget was presented in February there was a clear focus on farmers welfare by the government because of the upcoming looks by elections and five months later the re-elected governments first budget has ignored their concerns as the elections are over. This complaint is because half the country is in the grip of drought today and no special concern or commitment has been given for that by the government. But if you see the agricultural ministries budget has been almost doubled. It is rupees 1.38 lakh crore this year in comparison to the revised estimates. You may think then why the farmers are unhappy. This is because the line share that is the largest part of the agricultural ministries budget is meant for the single scheme and that scheme is PM Kisan scheme. We know that PM Kisan is an income support scheme for the small and marginal farmers which was announced in the interim budget just before the elections. And in this also there are some problems because one of the election promise and cabinet decision was to expand the PM Kisan scheme to all farmers. But it does not seem to be reflected in the budget because the allocation for the scheme is only rupees 75000 crore but the amount needed to cover all the farmers was estimated by the government to be around 87000 crore. So the allocated budget is short of almost rupees 12000 crore. In addition to this the finance minister also mentioned about the focus on agriculture infrastructure. The minister ensured support to the private entrepreneurship in driving value addition to the farmers produced from the field and for those from allied activities also like bamboo and timber from the hedges. And the private entrepreneurship for generating renewable energy also. For this the minister noted that Anadata can also be Urjadata. Anadata means food cultivator and Urjadata means power generator. So it means the farmers as the power generators of renewable energy. And also the agriculture infrastructure emphasizing on daring through cooperatives shall be encouraged. It was said by the finance minister. This will be done through creating infrastructure for cattle feed manufacturing, milk procurement, processing and marketing. The agri-infrastructure will be strengthened through farmer welfare schemes including crop insurance, market intervention and price support and the PM Asha procurement scheme. Because all these schemes got higher allocations than the last budget. But still the farmers groups feel that this fund will not be sufficient at the time of agricultural crisis and water stress. According to the farmers groups for the farmers to get the benefit of MSP that is the minimum support prices the government should have allocated at least Rs. 50,000 crore under PM Asha. So that it will guarantee the procurement at mentioned MSPs. But currently the scheme has been allocated only 1500 crores. PM Asha is the acronym for Pradhan Mantri Anadatha I Sanrakshan Abhyan. The PM Asha scheme is aimed at ensuring remunerative prices to the farmers for their produce. You may think already we have minimum support price to provide the remunerative prices to farmers. Then why there is a need for a new scheme? This is because increasing MSP is not adequate. And it is important that farmers should get full benefit of the announced MSPs. For this government realizes that it is essential if price of the agricultural produce market is less than the MSP. Then in that case state government and central government should purchase either at MSP or work in a manner to provide MSP for the farmers through some other mechanism. With this approach the umbrella scheme of PM Asha was introduced. It has three sub schemes. One is price support scheme, other is price deficiency payment scheme and the third one is pilot of private procurement and stockist scheme. In the price support scheme or in the PSS the physical procurement of pulses, oil seeds and copper will be done by central nodal agencies with proactive role of state governments. It is also decided that in addition to the national agricultural corporate marketing federation of India limited the food corporation of India will take up PSS operations in states and districts. The procurement expenditure and losses due to the procurement will be borne by the central government as per norms. Under price deficiency payment scheme it is proposed to cover all oil seeds for which MSP is notified. In this the direct payment of the difference between the MSP and the selling price will be made to pre-registered farmers who is selling is produced in the notified market here through a transparent auction process. All payment will be done directly into registered bank account of the farmer. The scheme does not involve any physical procurement of crops as farmers are paid the difference between the MSP and the sale price. Then the private procurement stockist scheme that is the PPSS was rolled on pilot basis for oil seeds. It involves the participation of private stock. The pilot district or selected APMCs of district will cover one or more crop of oil seeds for which the MSP is notified. Since this is similar to the price support scheme or PSS which involves physical procurement of the notified commodity the private procurement stockist scheme shall substitute the PSS or PDPS in the pilot districts. The selected private agency shall procure the commodity at MSP in the notified markets during the notified period from the registered farmers in consonance with the PPSS guidelines. We will see more detailed analysis on PM Asha in the coming days. With this we have come to the end of this discussion. Moving on to the next news article which talks about the steps that are taken in the recent budget announcement to transform the cash driven economy to a less cash economy. This article discussion will be relevant under the current events of national importance and then also under the area economic development. The discussion will also be helpful in your main syllabus in GS paper 2 under government policies and interventions in various sectors and also in e-governance. Then it is also relevant in GS paper 3 under Indian economy. The article states that the business establishments with an annual turnover of more than 50 crore should not impose any charges on the customers using digital mode for payments. This is because the business establishments used to charge some amount from the customers for using the digital mode of payments because of the merchant discount rate. Here you should note that in the 2018 prelims exam there was a question on the merchant discount rate. So, let us know what is this? The merchant discount rate is the charge obtained from a merchant by a bank for accepting digital payments from his customers through debit or credit cards. This charge is imposed on the customers. In order to get payments through debit card and credit card the merchants have to buy and keep payment infrastructure such as point of sale machines, internet facility etc. For this the merchants also have to start a unique account called as merchant account with the bank. This account is to receive the payments from the customers. Since the bank provides such payment services the merchants have to give a payment to the bank. This payment is for using the digital payment infrastructure set up by the bank to receive the payments from customers. This payment is called as the merchant discount rate. Now after the budget if the shop in which you are in is getting an annual turnover of more than 50 crore they should not charge you for using digital payment services. So does this mean now it is burdened on such merchants? No, it is not because the costs from the customers will be absorbed by the RBA from the savings generated because of handling less cash. So what does this savings mean? If there are large number of cash notes banks spend huge money for security infrastructure etc. Now if India becomes less cash economy these amounts spent on the physical security for cash notes will reduce. This reduce to money is the savings referred in the news article. From this savings the RBA will absorb the charges. So it will not be a burden on the merchant and the finance minister has stated that banks should not charge merchant discount rate from such merchants also. The merchants mentioned here are the merchants whose turnover is more than 50 crores. The merchants having annual turnover of more than 50 crore are asked to provide the payment options such as BIM, UPI, UPI QR code, ADARPAY, debit cards, NEFT and RTGS and other payment options to the customers to promote digital payments. Then the budget also proposed a tax on cash withdrawals. That is if there are cash withdrawals of more than 1 crore in a year then the government will charge 2% of amount as tax deducted at source. Here the source is the bank account hence this will discourage withdrawals. Discouraging withdrawals of cash notes means encouraging the use of digital payments. Now these are the two important and significant steps reported in this news article as taken for promoting cash less economy. With this we have come to the end of this news article discussion. This split practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next article discussion which is about the announcement of interchangeability of ADAR with PAN in the union budget. The discussion is important in premium syllabus under current events of national importance and then also in economic development. The discussion can also be linked to main syllabus in general studies paper 2 under the area e-governance applications models successes limitations and potential and then it can also be linked to GS paper 3 under government budgeting. The union budget 2019-20 has proposed to make ADAR interchangeable with PAN. This is for the ease and convenience of taxpayers. Hence it allows people without PAN to file the income tax returns by simply quoting their ADAR number. Moreover ADAR number can be used wherever the people are required to quote PAN. So what are these ADAR number, PAN and income tax returns? Firstly let us know about ADAR number. ADAR number is a 12 digit random number. It is issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India or UIDAI. This number is issued to the residents of India. So only the residents of India can get ADAR number. Hence any individual who is a resident of India irrespective of age and gender may voluntarily enroll to obtain the ADAR number. This number is issued after the citizens satisfy the verification process which is laid down by the authority that is UIDAI. Now the person who is willing to enroll to obtain the ADAR number has to provide minimal demographic and biometric information during the enrollment process. This process is totally free of cost. Demographic information is nothing but the details related to the persons such as a name, date of birth or age, gender, address, mobile number and email ID. And in the biometric information biometrics means the physical or behavioral human characteristics of a person that can be used to digitally identify a person. So biometric information constitutes fingerprints of the ten fingers, two iris scans and facial photograph. Also know that an individual needs to enroll for ADAR only once. This is because it is a unique number allocated to the individuals and it cannot be duplicated as no two persons will have the same biometrics. So it is unique and robust enough to eliminate duplicates and fake identities. So it may be used as a basis or primary identifier to roll out several government welfare schemes and programs. This will ensure effective service delivery then as a result it will promote transparency and good governance also. This is the only program of its kind globally. The state of the art that is ultra modern digital and online ID is being provided free of cost at such a large scale to people. So we can say that it has the potential to change the way service delivery functions in our country. Also remember that ADAR number does not have any intelligence and it does not profile or describe people based on caste, religion, income, health and geography. The ADAR number is just a proof of identity but what we have to note here is that it does not confer any right of citizenship or domicile in respect of an ADAR number. The ADAR identity platform enables the government of India to directly reach the residents of the country to deliver various subsidies, benefits and services just by using the residence ADAR number only. This is possible with its inherent features of uniqueness, authentication, financial address and EKIC that is know your customer. In addition to the interchangeability, the finance minister also proposed allotting ADAR to non-resident Indians or NRIs who are arriving in India on an expedited basis. That is without waiting for 180 days. Now you may think that in the discussion we saw only residents of India can get ADAR. Then how can a non-resident Indian can get ADAR? Look, as per the ADAR targeted delivery of financial and other subsidies, benefits and services act of 2016 or in short the ADAR act of 2016 only a resident individual is entitled to obtain ADAR. The resident as per the said act means that an individual who has resided in India for a period or periods which amounts to 182 days or more and these 182 days should be in the 12 months which is immediately preceding the date of application for enrollment. So the finance minister is talking about such kind of NRIs only. So far the non-resident Indians with an Indian passport had to wait for 180 days after their arrival in India before they can apply for ADAR. But the budget has proposed to remove this waiting time. So now let us see about PAN. PAN is the acronym for the permanent account number. It is a 10 digit alphanumeric identifier. It is issued by the income tax department. Such SSC that is any individual or firm or company etc are issued with a unique PAN. All the existing SSCs or taxpayers or persons who are required to file a return of income must have a PAN. Even if they are willing to file the return of income on behalf of others they must have a PAN. So any person who intends to enter into economic or financial transaction where quoting PAN is mandatory must also have a PAN. Also know that it is compulsory to quote PAN on return of income. Here the return of income or the income tax return is a prescribed form through which the particulars of income earned by a person in a financial year and taxes paid on such income are communicated to the income tax department. It also allows the carry forward of laws and claim refund from income tax department. Also know that different forms of returns of income are prescribed for filing of returns for different status and nature of income. Now it is important to file the return of income as it is our duty as a citizen and it also earns the dignity for us for consciously contributing to the development of the nation. Apart from this the income tax returns validate the credit worthiness of a person before the financial institutions and it makes it possible for the person to access many financial benefits such as bank credits etc. And also more importantly failing to file the return as a crime because it means the person is hiding her or his income from the government. So the non-payment of tax attracts interest, penalties and prosecution also. The prosecution can lead to at least a rigorous imprisonment for about 3 months to 2 years. Hence it becomes mandatory to file the return of income. But the problem faced by many with the filing of the income is that many do not have the PAN and as we saw PAN is necessary to file this income tax return. So to solve this problem the finance minister has announced the interchangeable use of PAN and Aadhar. This means even when a person does not have PAN they can file the return of income using the Aadhar number. And also know that according to the data of central board of direct taxes 42 crore PAN cards have been issued out of which only 23 crore have been linked with Aadhar. However here we have to note that the intent of announcement is not to replace PAN with Aadhar as the primary identity proof when it comes to income tax. Here Aadhar is just an alternative. With this we have come to the end of this discussion. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the last discussion for the day which is based on the fiscal deficit. The analysis of this news article will be relevant in problems preparation under current events of national importance and then also under economic development. The discussion is also relevant in mains preparation under general studies paper 3 in the area Indian economy and also under government budgeting. Now before getting into the discussion you have to note that we have had a very detailed discussion about various components in calculating the fiscal deficit in our first June analysis. The link has been provided in the description box. Please go and have a look at it. Now for discussing today's news article we have to know some basics. So let us see those basics now. The government earns different types of revenues which we are seeing under deceives branch of this displayed picture. So all these revenues put together are called as total revenues and all the expenditures of the government are called as total expenditures. Now what is deficit? Deficit is the condition when your spending is greater than the money you earn. So the fiscal deficit means the total expenditure minus the total receipts except the borrowings and other liabilities. It simply means the deficit that arises when the government's expenditure exceeds its revenues. Here exclude the money generated as revenues from the borrowings and other liabilities. We can also say that fiscal deficit is the total expenditure minus the total receipts except the debt capital receipts because the borrowings and other liabilities are a part of this debt capital receipts or you can also say in one more way the fiscal deficit value is nothing but the government's borrowing and other liabilities. So in order to manage this fiscal deficit the government can do two things either it has to increase its revenues or it has to decrease its expenditure. Now the news article states that the government is estimating a fiscal deficit of 3.3% of GDP in the financial year 2019-20. If you see in the interim budget that was presented in the parliament in February the interim budget gave an estimate of fiscal deficit at 3.4%. The interim budget are generally presented by the government when the elections are about to happen in the particular financial year but these interim budgets will be similar to the general budget since the government would present the entire budget as it does for the general budget. We saw that in order to efficiently manage fiscal deficit the government should either get more revenues or decrease or control its expenses. The finance secretary has given the same reason to why they have reduced the estimate of fiscal deficit from 3.4% to 3.3%. Under the revenue receipts we have the tax revenues and non-tax revenues and under the tax revenues we have the direct taxes like income tax, wealth tax etc. And indirect taxes like GST, customs duty, excise duty etc are also there. The finance secretary has said that the direct taxes have been budgeted to increase by 17.5% in this financial year that is in 2019-20. While in the financial year 2018-19 there has been an increase of 23-24%. Next the budget has estimated an increase of indirect taxes by 15%. Then the government also aims to increase the revenue from the non-tax revenues such as receiving money in the form of interest, profits and dividends. The finance secretary has said that the government had budgeted a dividend from the Reserve Bank of India which is about Rs 90,000 crore. Then under non-debt capital receipts you have the disinvestment proceeds which is nothing but the money earned by the government by withdrawing its investments that it has on public units. The government has said that it has set itself a target of Rs 1,00,000 crore for disinvestment proceeds for the financial year 2019-20. So all these will give revenues or money to the government. Now coming to the expenditure side of the budget, the finance secretary has said that the amount budgeted now is more or less the same as in the interim budget that was tabled in the parliament in the month of February before elections. The news article also mentions that the government has cut the allocations for several major schemes. The largest expenditure cut is for the Swachh Bharat scheme where the government has cut around Rs 4,334 crore. So when compared to the interim budget the government will save about Rs 6000 crore overall. All this will reduce or bring the fiscal deficit down to 3.3% from 3.4%. However, the rating agencies and tax analysts say that there is a risk of missing the 3.3% target. If tax revenue falls short of the target. One of the market analysts has told that the government is over dependent on disinvestment income then on higher taxes on the rich and also on the increased excess duties on petrol, diesel, precious metals and tobacco products. He has told that if the incomes to the government from tax revenues are going to be less in this financial year then the government will miss the fiscal deficit target. So here the incomes are nothing but the revenues to the government. Even the economic survey has said that fiscal deficit targets will be affected if the government will not collect enough money from the tax revenues similar to the condition in financial year 2018 to 2019. If you see in the financial year 2018 to 2019 the government predicted a total revenue of 17.2 lakh crore in its revised estimates. But the data in the economic survey showed this was actually 1.6 lakh crore lower. That means it was just 15.6 lakh crore. Now this reduction in revenues was due to reduction in collections from the tax receipts. To summarize this news article we can say that the government is aiming to increase its revenues through the form of tax revenues, disinvestments then hiking the customs duties for certain products and decrease its expenditures in form of cuts in the allocations made to several schemes. With this we have come to the end of our article discussion sessions. The respect practice question will be discussed in the next session. Moving on to the last session for the day practice questions discussion session. If you look at the first question it is about the union budget. The question is which of the following is correct with respect to the union budget presented by the finance minister. Four options have been given. The first option says the budget document does not include the demand for grants under article 113 of Indian constitution. But in our analysis we saw that there are three budget documents which are based on Indian constitution and one among them is demand for grants which is provided under article 113 of the Indian constitution. So this statement is wrong. Then the second statement is the term budget is found in the constitution of India. Now this statement is also wrong because we saw that the term budget is not mentioned in the constitution of India. But there are three budget documents. One is the annual financial statement and then next is the demand for grants and the third one is the finance bill. Now if you look at the last option it has given all the above are correct. Now just we saw that option A and B are incorrect. So this means option D is also incorrect. That makes our option C as the correct statement and also know that the annual financial statement which is a part of the budget is mentioned in the Indian constitution and it has been mentioned under article 112 of the constitution of India. Now if you look at the next question it is based on the PAN that is Permanent Account Number. The first statement is given as Permanent Account Number is a 12-digit random number that is issued by the income tax department. We know that PAN number is associated with income tax. So we can assume that PAN number is issued by the income tax department. But here the problem is not with the department. Here the problem is it has been given as 12-digit random number. But permanent account number is a 10-digit alphanumeric number. The 12-digit random number is nothing but the Aadhar not the PAN number. So this statement is wrong. Then if you see the second statement it says that it is compulsory to quote PAN on return of income. Now during our discussion we saw that PAN was necessary for filing the return of income and it is also compulsory. But now the government has proposed to interchangeably use PAN with Aadhar number. But it has not yet been implemented. So we can assume that only now PAN is compulsory. So this statement is correct. So the correct answer to this question is option B2 only. Now this next question is based on the digital transactions. The question is which of the following is a measure of promoting digital transactions. Four options have been given we have to choose the correct option. Now the first statement talks about imposing tax for digital payments. If this is done it will discourage digital payments. So this is not the correct answer. If you see the second statement it states a levy on merchant discount rate on a merchant having a turnover of more than 50 crore per annum. Now the second statement talks about merchant discount rate as to be charged from a merchant. This will not encourage the merchant or the customer to carry out digital payments. Imagine you are buying a product and if you pay by cash no extra charge. But if you use digital mode you are charged. This will not promote digital transaction rather it will discourage the digital transaction. So this is also not the correct answer. Then the third statement is reduction of some amount as charges for carrying out digital transactions through internet banking. Now here the third statement discourages digital payments through internet banking. This is because it says some amount will be charged for using internet banking for transactions. So when some amount is charged it means we will obviously not use that payment mode. So this statement is also wrong. This means our last statement that is option D is the correct answer which says a levy of 2% as tax detected at a source if cash withdrawals from a bank account exceeds 1 crore in a year. So this is the correct answer to this question which means it discourages use of cash notes by withdrawing money at ATMs. So when it discourages the usage of cash notes it means it encourages the use of digital payments. Now this next question is based on fiscal deficit. It says which of the following is not a reason for decrease in the fiscal deficit. When we say is not a reason for decrease it means we have to find a reason for increase in the fiscal deficit. So if you look at the options the first statement is increase in the disinvestment proceeds. Now disinvestment comes under non-debt capital receipts. If disinvestments are done government will receive money. So it is a revenue. If the revenue increase fiscal deficit decreases. So it is a revenue to the government. So this means there is no increase in the fiscal deficit rather it is a decrease in the fiscal deficit since this option is wrong. Then if you look at the second option it says decrease in the non-tax revenues. Now the non-tax revenues comes under revenue receipts. If it decreases revenue also decreases which means fiscal deficit increases. So this is the correct answer to our question. But also know that option C decrease in the expenditure of social sector schemes it comes under the capital expenditure. Here if the expenditure decreases the fiscal deficit also decreases. Then the last option increase in customs duty. It comes under tax revenues. If revenues increase then the fiscal deficit decrease. So which is also the wrong option. So the correct answer to this question is option B decrease in non-tax revenues. With this we have come to the end of our analysis and question answer discussion sessions. 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Hi, I'm Mary Kate Bolland, I'm Dean for Academic Affairs at Immaculata University and I've been here for over 20 years. In an institution like Immaculata, every donor counts. There is such good done with the money submitted and shared by our donors and you see it in what the students are experiencing. I mean, these are tough times for anybody looking at higher ed, it's a high cost proposition and the university has done an excellent job of providing funding so that most of our students are receiving something that helps get them through the educational experience they're seeking. We're still meeting a lot of students who have needs. I know that sometimes when you're looking at how to spend your money, especially these days, the thought of a donation sounds like some kind of a big investment but I also would suggest that your donation, whatever it is, is such a help to Immaculata because when other donors, when corporate donors, when larger donors see that the population, the community of Immaculata, its alumni, its friends are willing to share some of what they have to support the institution, then Immaculata is an institution we're supporting. One of the things we've often said and it's kind of a sad truth, I guess, is that Immaculata is the best kept secret. We shouldn't be a secret and part of the way we make ourselves heard is we extend what we can to lift up the university, to make this dome visible in greater ways than it is now. It is an institution that treasures its heritage but looks to the future. What more can you ask and what better investment can you make than in a place that has that kind of balance? Immaculata is that kind of place. I ask you to join me in making your gift on the Charter Day of Giving at Immaculata. All gifts add up to make a difference for our students. Thank you.


Next, moving on to another one of our first-year residents, Chris Ricks is going to talk to us about the phenotypes of AMD and Ghana, which is a place near and dear to some of us here. Spent a bit of time there, and we're anxious to hear what you have to say. Thank you. My name is Christopher Ricks, like Dr. Hoffman mentioned in one of the first-year residents. So I recently was able to go to Ghana with Dr. Hageman, and the Still Center for Translational Medicine to study macular degeneration in West Africa. And, you know, this doesn't just apply to the genotypes and phenotypes of AMD in West Africa, it applies to really all forms of AMD. It's been alluded to several times already today, some of the genetics that have come out with AMD and the big changes that we've discovered in the past decade or so. So we all know what macular degeneration is, don't need to go into details there. A lot of people have these very differing phenotypes and raise the question, why are they so different? What are we really seeing? So one of the big things that's changed in the last decade is understanding what genes are associated with AMD. It turns out that chromosome 1 and chromosome 10 contribute a vast majority of the genetic risk factors to macular degeneration. There's several others that you see there at the bottom here that also associate with it, but studies have shown that it's less than 5, about 5% of AMD is attributed to those other cases and 90 to 95 are associated with either chromosome 1 or chromosome 10. So that gives us something we can really look at, really study and really try to make a difference in. So chromosome 1 is the main focus of this study. I will touch briefly on chromosome 10. It's a very complex focus. There's six main haplotypes we look at, two confirm major risk, two confirm major protective factors, and then two are sort of neutral. So these SNPs associated with the protective haplotypes are the ones that are most associated and a significant in chromosome 1 variance of AMD. So why Ghana? To sign a couple reasons, one we have one of the doctors we worked with, we'll talk about later on, he is from Ghana originally, he's now in the UK and he was able to set up a lot of the connections for us, but really it comes down to the genetics and we'll probably see this in a broader West African population as well. But in chromosome 1 frequency, with just pure chromosome 1, we see about 11% of Caucasians and about 9% of Ghanaians we think there's not great population studies. Whereas in chromosome 10, we see about only 1% of the Ghanaian population. And then this is the big factor here. Almost 45% of all the chromosomes studied in the Ghanaian population have this protective alleles that make it so AMD is very, very rare in the West African and probably the broader African population as well. So this gives us the opportunity to use an experiment of nature to really look at the difference between these pure chromosome 1 AMDs and then another aspect of this study that's ongoing is in the Asian population you get almost pure chromosome 10 association. So we can really look at the two and say what's different, what's the same and how are these two diseases really playing out in the rest of the population, particularly Caucasians where we see a huge mixed genotype with 1 and 10. There's also a lot of evidence that they don't interact with each other and that they're two very, very different diseases. So this gives us the current problem with any attempts at treatment. If you don't know what you're treating, you don't know if you're going to get any good results. So if you try to treat AMD and it's really you're treating one, but someone has 1 and 10 risk factors, you're not going to get much benefit, they're not going to get better, the treatment will fail. Even if it did affect the chromosome 1 risk, so that makes it crucial to find out how these are different and how to treat them separately. So that way when you down the road, we can treat them both together. So a couple of the main differences, chromosome 1, directed AMD, you see a lot of these PEDs, you see a lot of Druzen. Whereas chromosome 10, you don't really see the PEDs, you don't see the Druzen. You see this chronic, this progressive atrophy. So that takes us to Ghana. While we were there a month ago, we saw 218 patients over the course of the week, which adds up to, there's more than 800 patients that have been examined over the past years and previous trips of Dr. Vitale, Dr. Bernstein, been involved in this for a long time now. We did clinical examinations, macro CTs, fundus photos and drew blood samples and spun out the DNA in a lab there with some of the staff from the Still Center for Translational Medicine. So I want to show some of the unique phenotypes that we saw there and some of the thoughts that we've had about these. A lot of this is preliminary, but you can see we did see some of the more classic macular Druzen that we're used to seeing here. But if you'll notice, this fundus is very light. We don't see a huge population of African Americans or Africans in general here in Utah, but this is a very light fundus compared to some of the fund that we saw. Wood C. geographic atrophy, which is actually quite rare there as well as CNV, which is also quite rare. This is the same patient, one I had had a lens exchange the other had not. And then we saw what we called this colloidal Druzen, these really big, soft looking, chunky Druzen that when we would see this, it was almost always associated with pure chromosome one risk and, you know. Homozygous. Homozygous, yeah. With zero chromosome 10 risk. So you can see this chart just briefly shows some of the different alleles we looked at and the hugely associated chromosome one deficiencies versus the chromosome 10 is not associated hardly at all with AMD and Gnans. So we also saw a lot of really unique dystrophies that weren't really associated with any of the known AMD genes. So this is just, you know, we did see a few pseudo Druzen, very, very rare though. One thing we saw and probably 50% of the patients we saw whether they were known AMD patients or just our controls, we'd see this peripheral cuticular Druzen we called it, or PCD, this really fine Druzenoid looking appearance of material that on genetic analysis over the past decade of looking at these patients has almost no association with chromosome one or 10. We'd also see what we termed this cauliflower Druzen where it's just these big beefy unique looking almost CNV-like but kind of interesting phenotype. Again, not associated at all with any of the chromosomes we know affecting AMD. And we see what we call this green dystrophy. We saw this in not a small number of patients of the 200 we saw, just this green looking appearance that doesn't associate with any of the AMD factors again. And then this is something that we may have read about. I think it covers about two lines in our BCSC clinical series, this West African crystalline dystrophy. It's very unique green crystals right in the macula. Used to be said that maybe it's associated with coloseed or colon nut in the diet but a lot of the docs we've worked with out there, they said that's, no one eats that stuff maybe out in the bush but not the general population. They think that's bunk. But there's not a lot of research, we don't know. So this leaves us with some burning questions. AMD is so rare in Africans. So it was what we're seeing really AMD. And if it is, is it from the European influence? There's been four or 500 years now where Ghana has been either ruled or visited very frequently by Europeans. And so some of these patients with lighter funda is this some European genetics getting mixed in there possibly a little bit of chromosome 10 because we do see it very rarely. Next question, why is chromosome one associated protection so high in Africans? Even if you have the risk factor, alleles, if you have even one protection allele, you don't get it, you just don't. And why is that so high in Africans? We've mentioned earlier maybe the theory of these genetics adding some sort of immunological factors. You talk about the Europeans getting wiped out every couple hundred years and the people that survived. Maybe this helps keep us alive. And then what causes this green dystrophy, these cauliflower dystrophies in some of the West African crystalline dystrophy? This all is gonna take more study and more research. So next steps are gonna be to continue studying these genotypes and phenotypes associations to really understand the differences in the process that goes into play when macular generation does manifest itself. Really trying to work to understand the differences in chromosome one and chromosome 10. And currently Dr. Hageman and his group at the Still Center for Translational Medicine preparing for clinical trials of a gene modulated therapy that targets chromosome one, which is really exciting. Shows a lot of promise and if that works for one, then that can treat a large section of the population with AMD and the next step would be to work on chromosome 10. And then down the road, we could realistically see a cure for macular degeneration. And then further research into these unique dystrophies with no known cause. So I wanna give a huge thanks to Dr. Hageman and the SCTM staff. They did a lot of work on this trip and were kind enough to let me join them. Some of the other doctors from around the world we worked with, Dr. Julie Sylvester, from Belfast, Dr. Winifred Amaloco, in Nottingham and then the two local doctors we worked with a lot, Dr. Steven Acafo and Dr. Questy Amisi Arthur. And then the entire 2017 Ghana team. Any questions before I move on to my quality improvement project? Yes. So, you know, fascinating to these differences. And the most fascinating group that they looked at was Easter Island. Have you heard about this? Yeah. They essentially looked at the entire population of native Robinouli of Easter Island and it was zero macular degeneration. And they did not have risk to do chromosome 10.1. Again, a lot of them had protective. It's considered a group that moved from Africa very, very early on. And so if you think again about the hypothesis that there is a difference in association with an increased risk of infection for the protective type. Because what this does is that this is a regulator gene that protective really is effective in turning off the complement system. And when you have a defect, your complement system is always red and always going. So I just think it's the northern crowding that when you're protective you just had a slightly decreased risk and over a period of multiple generations. Whereas in Africa, infectious disease was an issue but never that huge acute crowding concern that they had. And therefore there was just not that acute change and that's the differences between those two different populations. There's one other theory that's pretty fascinating. And that is that we picked up in particular a fair amount of the risk gene from the enderfone. And that's really interesting that there may be some aspect of that. And obviously that's something that's more of a noted European than Asian than it is in regards to African. But I think the infectious disease hypothesis, as far as treatments, it's really exciting that gene therapy is put together. I think there's a really good understanding of what it is and is needed in chromosome one to provide the projection. And we're gonna be working with the people in London and it's move as rapidly as possible into treatment and the hope and need is you can produce a protective and a lot of questions. I mean, it's gonna work on advanced disease, why not? But can you prevent it early on? I think that there's a very real possibility. Dr. Rosen, did they ever check for the vitamin D levels for this population? Check for vitamin D. So we do know from the work of Dr. Angelos and several others that there is an increased risk of progression on the nurture side of the vitamin D levels below. But the overall impact of vitamin D in myrtleis in comparison to the genetic is quite small. It's not unimportant, but it's pretty stable. Enough that even several studies sense of not showing vitamin D to be important in regards to this. I think in this particular case, this effect we're seeing is overwhelming in the genetic and not nurtured. Because I've seen some studies in India where the level of vitamin D is very, very low and that's the reason AMD is on a rise in that area. No question that vitamin D does increase the risk, but in regards to the genetic aspect, it would appear to be that it's much smaller. I mean, I think that you can see that large the room we're sitting here is the genetic. Nurture is not unimportant, but it's a relatively small effect. All right, now it's briefly touching my quality improvement project. So I was tasked and undertook the recreation of the residence schedule this year. So we was driven by the addition of a fourth residence. I want to thank Lee for joining us and causing this to happen. So our goal of the project was to create a schedule that maximizes education, training experience while balancing all the needs of the different, the Miranda VA and the university. So we want to measure this by self-perceived preparedness for fellowship and practice, resident wellness, as well as faculty evaluation of resident competency. So you can see some of the changes that are coming into play here. There's obviously a lot to look at, a lot of time spent fiddling with the colors that's probably the most important part. Some of the big highlights are we're going to have dedicated consult months now whereas before we had to try to balance clinical time with consults, early pathology lab exposure, dedicated UVitis time, continuity in oculoplastic training, early neurophemology exposure, dedicated coronary rotations, earlier cataract training, more clinical and surgical flexibility of the VA as well as more residents of the VA, which is going to be a huge help, dedicated glaucoma surgical training, some academic time and then three months of elective time. So part two of this project was validating the increase in elective time. Briefly went over some of the things we, a lot of the alumni maybe received a survey from Dr. Petty asking what did you do with your elective time? How did it help? What would you change? All the things that we do with it here in international work, research, boosting areas of deficiency and then preparing for fellowships and you see all the places we've gone all over the world and how we rank as far as our perceived preparedness versus the average perceived preparedness, about a 10% self-perceived increase of preparedness from our, so if you have more questions that push us out in the lobby, thanks Dr. Petty and all the alumni that helped with that. Thank you.


Y'all, I know my camera is trash lately. I'm so excited y'all my dreams has finally came true after being in a cesspool I don't like Arizona y'all. I don't like Phoenix with it six to eight percent of black people in the entire City not just an area the entire city. It's gotten better, but I'm over it So my husband finally not first of all let me back up. Y'all know I've been mentioning my husband and I We've been doing stuff around the house and but he's really been kicking it into over gear The last year or so this Lee year well the last two years He's been really kicking it into over gear and it's a sellers market.  I'm faking him, but I'm like really he's like, yeah If you were part of East Texas, you want to move back to y'all He's like he even moved back to East Texas, baby He's like, yeah that way, you know, you can be closer to your family and friends So, you know, even if you want to move back to where you're your best friend my best friend love we can he doesn't mind We could live there. I'm like, thank you y'all finally so Moving back y'all within the next two years two years We have a two-year plan to sell this house and this is sellers market. So these houses Girl bank, I don't know how much this is gonna go for we bought it for a little under 200,000 Billy was like 185 to be exact, but someone with the same floor plan sold their house for 360 Yes, and I get it right now. It's a sellers market, but also when buying so we would definitely buy somewhere in Texas We were looking at cities right now We were more than likely rent a condo or you know ran a house for a couple of months and then find A house, you know in Texas y'all in the Dallas area My place is I want to move to a small town that has that small time feeling hell I'll be okay. We're moving back to Denton where you and T wear with the college Denton, I don't know if my best friend likes for me. So I don't know about for me He's like, do you want to move back to Long Beach?  My husband has been saying for years He doesn't want to work forever So if he can make some type of business ventures in East Africa specifically Kenya It's time to do it now. Like he's in his mid 40s It's time like it probably would have been time when we were in our 30s, but it's time to make our money work for us So I'm like, okay, you know at first I was scared. I'm still gonna probably pray about it But look, I think it's no coincidence the way that things have been happening in my life so I'm gonna pray about it and Really, I want to support my husband and whatever he decided. I'm gonna pray about it and just take the leap y'all Not too many people can say that they're willing to you know, go to Africa And invest in whatever there is to offer because there's tons of different investment opportunities for people who have a little bit of something We ain't got a lot of money, but we got something So yeah, I'm not gonna share a lot about it Because I know there are some people African-Americans that have moved are done different things and they share they overshare on their platforms I won't be doing that, you know, so and plus my husband will be doing most of that traveling Of course, we're gonna go with him. I think he said he's gonna try to go next year To visit depending on how things are And then we will go with him as a family in like three years after that But definitely girl, Texas in two years and so yes, I'm excited y'all I need to be close to my family right now I it really does help, you know to be because we don't have any family and I just got my tribe of friends here and Phoenix within the last five years, but that's not enough for me right now. Um So I'm excited. Yes, I just want to share that y'all and I will be Joining joining that of logging that process of Hey girl, here is a real a real chit chat all the way.  Girl, that scared me. We're going to be talking about all types of things girls stuff in the news Recent deaths Nothing too personal y'all, but so anyway, I know how we do this. I talk about what's going on in my personal life I talk about what I'm watching on YouTube and what I'm watching on TV. So how you doing girl? We made it is over a year We've been up in these Pandemic y'all sometimes when I wake up I'm like, I can't believe it. I cannot believe this is happening I mean, does it feel like you're living in a dream? Like can we go back? No, we can't it is what it is Home is going well. We finished homeschooling last year night. We finished homeschooling last week JB like most kids his age don't like school. I mean if you can ask most kids Who go to school? They really don't care for school now There's parts of it that he does like he does enjoy all of the breaks that he's having He told me I gave him a little interview and I asked him, okay, baby What did you like the most about you know homeschooling? He's a girl like all the breaks I have now I like that I get to play Okay, so what are you like the least about homeschooling? He doesn't like reading cuz JB It's dyslexic and he struggles with reading and so but my baby has done really well. I've been so proud of him Maneuvering through this is because this has been difficult, you know, we We as adults, it's really easy for us to Complain about it, but these kids are really y'all you have to understand We took them out of their school talking. They couldn't see their friends for weeks Um Put them into virtual learning. So when you have small children to make those type of changes when the children are used to A routine and as you know, at least some of them are used to a certain type of routine. It could be difficult So I printed him up a little Certificate congratulation of finishing second grade and we look forward for third grade And so for this summer I've gone ahead and signed him up for swim lessons The city of Phoenix is offering swim lessons for all the kiddos and we are also going to be doing girl The reason why it's quiet right now is because his butt is a kids park, which is a drop-off camp Which I'm so ecstatic. So my neighbor, um, they're gonna they're gonna do the camp together So he's gonna go there two to three times a week and then we start homeschooling again mid-August So one of the things I definitely have to do my goal and I know I feel like I'm repeating this This may be repetitive. So I do apologize girl hold on My husband had some hour of blinds two of the blinds redone. So this man's gonna come in here girl So one of my goals before we start with homeschooling for 2021-22 oh my god y'all is to make sure that I have as much planned because this is my first year So I don't want to be too hard on myself, but I have learned a lot I definitely want to have most of the lesson plan for the half of the year already done Ready to go because we switched up. I think we switch our curriculum is over all three times this year before we got we found you know a Schedule and before we got into the swing of things, you know, and it may be that way and so One of the things that we we really enjoyed for this year was was called project-based learning Which is where you take a project and you incorporate different topics or subjects such as math and writing and reading So one of one of the ones we did was trapped in the 80s So we had to look up several incidents that happened in the 80s. He had to draw we had to look at different We looked at movies also had a really good time I think one week where he was kind of struggling. I said, you know forget it child Let's let's just do something totally different So we had a culture week and so we learned about Wanda, Japan, Canada And so we did things like I bought him a sushi. I bought him a sushi toy He learned how to make sushi. We watched sushi videos. Oh, and we did Egypt, too. It was so cute. We I allowed him to play outside. He dug out Now River I allowed him to mummify one of my Barbie dolls Poor Mark Mark is probably still mummified child in the backyard. So I think it's crucial for kids this age to play That is how they learn that that is how they learn or one of the ways that they learn they need to play So homeschooling for us is here to stay and he socializes a lot I think there's that's also one of the big misconceptions with homeschool kids, baby We are JB schedule is jam-packed like we had a birthday party this weekend He has friends that he if I wanted to he could socialize with a child every day every day Um, besides that nothing else is going on work My job, this is something I would advise you guys my job is Getting a little slow and y'all know I am what's called a learning management system administrator by trade I and what I do in my job is I organize and I coordinate online training for our clients Okay, and so we've had five client trainees this month so one of the things that I do and I encourage you if you are a young professional is make yourself Um Make yourself a value in your company I'm already a value because I'm the only person that knows my job In my department But if we don't have client training coming in then is vivian really a value Let me tell you something everybody's replaceable Do not think that you are not replaceable because you are baby But make your make it hard to be replaced. So one of the things that I've learned to do to do Hold on y'all This is vivian So one of the things that I did was I nominate myself You know, I push myself to learn new things on the job if someone needs help If somebody does an area where I could you know do a little bit more if Christine, you know Is needs help on someone like hey, you do any help on that girl?  I mean you send it to me, but I could be you basically You know, I could do all of that. This is vivian What I'm watching on youtube, baby So First of all, I was watching let me pull up my notes again y'all. Um I don't know why this came up and I had no idea Y'all know who the hodge twins are life-scan brothers from I think they're they're from the south But I don't know if they're from Tennessee or Kentucky um very fair skin and beautiful eyes and I probably saw like one or two of their videos a long time ago But they are on some coon and Let me just say this Not every black person who is a conservative is necessarily a coon that is not it But it looks like the hodge twins first of all their audience was already a certain demographic If you know what I mean because they were silly as hell very silly But then they are on this big bandwagon of trump supporters and I think if you even look at their their uh Their page is like the big american flag. They wear hats to have american flags and that's fine Be be patriotic, but at what expense?  You know what I mean and you gonna yeah and so I was a little surprised by that to see that they own some kandace Owens type of BS and I'm like wow very interesting So girl anyway, I didn't look at their videos any videos I just saw I think I was looking at Tyrone Magnus and he was reacting to them And I was like what they are totally have their Do a little bit of political stuff and I'm like but y'all are not They don't come off as that smart to me. I'm sorry. I'm sorry, but they don't Girl, I said I didn't want to talk about it. I said I didn't want to talk about it. Y'all apparently Your boy Kevin samuels Um was caught No, he wasn't caught. I guess he was filming.  You you can't sneak nothing past us So let me see if I can break it up on lipstick alley because I was trying to look at it this morning I was trying to look at it this morning now. There was already The only thing I can agree with with that flippin Tommy Sotomayor is I believe that Kevin is I don't believe he's gay. I believe he's bisexual He is giving me I feel like at night he'd be laying down in his bed with one hand under him And you know, he has a bonnet on that's So apparently um The thread is called y'all come here. Kevin samuels has a man in his bed So 20 pages deep ks is a piece of work There he is the epitome of it's not what you say is how you say it um black women women in general need to stop going on that show I think it's absolutely ridiculous One thing I will say I do think that he took a lot of points from Talking points not necessarily points from Tommy. Tommy is right about that because I saw a little bit of his video Um, they were dragging him in his in his comments because a lot of being love ks If I'm looking for advice, I want advice on getting a man and keeping a man and getting getting married I'm going to mourn it from someone who is married Not with someone who is twice divorced like ks um You know what? I mean some of the stuff he says has some value, but again A lot of it is bs. I'm sorry.  So what else I've been watching y'all Oh, so I came across Some another young lady's post about dating in 2021 not mind you. I haven't been on a date At all because I am I've been married girl. What is this girl doing? This same person has been driving around in this neighborhood. Is she doing a drive by in her minivan? I mean girl anyway y'all Dating in 2021 so this one girl was basically like We didn't even go on a you know Is there do people even go on dates anymore? Y'all like those are people even dating in the pandemic y'all Why is it nobody's talking about all the weird stuff that is going on? UFOs Now the pentagon is investigating. I know some of you've already seen that video of The unidentified flying object or UFO and now they are legit Looking into it Baby a couple of years ago. There was something here called the phoenix lights very i'm pretty sure most of y'all have heard of This very very popular tons of people saw it um There are some strange things that happen in this desert every so now that I see a thread People are like did anyone see all the lights up in the sky a lot of people say well it was um It was satellites they're satellites. I'm like, okay, because I don't want to see nothing I don't want to see nothing um oftentimes in a desert Especially when my girlfriend used to live here We used to text each other and we would see these armored cars all padding Like four or five of them. I know they're been military are padded up and racing through the desert And I'm like what the hell this is this was before this area got really big and built up Y'all there's some strange stuff going on another thing that I read on Yeah, I'm a nerd So apparently there is a group of scientists that have discovered Some what's called ghost particles in Antarctica So they have been um Looking at all of the matter and the reason why they call them ghost particles is that They go outside our standard of physics so they can't explain it And I read I can't even discuss this in layman terms because I just can't because I don't even fully understand it myself but the thing is is that We are finding that Not everything operates the way that we thought it did. Isn't that amazing not everything is Is Operating the way the way that mankind has thought because if it it really boiled down to this especially with the The um particles that were found up in Antarctica That would change our standard model for physics because the particles are not operating the way our three categories go Or whatever how many categories there are it's not operating that way So it's got people stunned. It's got the scientists stunned the ufo stuff I'm not surprised. I think that our government has known about it a long time I'm very curious as to why now. They're just now Why they are emitting to it now Why why is that happening? Yeah, I make sure you cover yourself and make sure you be very very careful very careful Um with what you with what you do say and all that and I want to say this I don't know how many times I have to tell y'all I tried to tell y'all before you know that the storms in texas in the south last winter make sure you prep Make sure you have plenty of water plenty of food plenty of tissue before this winter Make sure you the global global warming is is a real thing Oh y'all hear about that huge iceberg that just chipped off the size of new jersey or something like Bigger than new jersey. I think like seriously. So anyway, besides that, please make sure that you are prepared Um, not only that but honey, I was at the dollar tree dollar tree is the one of my favorite place The dollar tree is one of my favorite places that I go to To get you know supplies prep and supplies And sure enough one of the first things I saw there last month because I don't go there a lot anymore I don't even really go out at all anymore One of the first things I saw was a big sign that says It was something like get your emergency supplies here get your Like they are literally telling us what to do. So you better start listening like this is nothing to be The world is any type of stuff All I'm saying is just make sure that you have enough supplies at home to help your family just in case something happens Just in case there's another winter storm. Hell just in case our ac goes. I will we have solar panel, but still Just have water food medical supplies, especially medical supplies because We don't know what's going to happen now. They have these new what the variants of The virus and we don't know how things and how this thing is going to mutate So please just make sure that you're able to care for your family and your loved ones at the end of the day So y'all enough of that what I'm watching on tv girl I don't know why I started rewatching married to medicine. I started rewatching married to medicine I believe it was season six. It was the season before um Dr. Jackie's husband Was cheating on her that season before what they was looking for a new home y'all So they were looking for a new home And this is also the season where lisa thought that she could get pregnant like How old was lisa that she was in her mid 40s trying to get pregnant and Dr. Damon was his name dr. Damon. He was not feeling that child So y'all I'm watching it again and They really even though mariah could be dirty They really did her wrong. I mean She deserves some of it And I think that mariah is the type of person to where she holds grudges Because I remember one time I think it was either I sent quadra message And it was the episode where mariah will quad went over to mariah's house Mariah was wearing this beautiful green gown child mariah's always slays I will say that And she was basically giving quad the cold shoulder love why so I You know sent quadra message. I'm like, why would she invite you over there? Just for her to give you a cold shoulder and treat you that way. She's like, y'all I do not know That's what I was thinking Anyway, um Honey miss lucy, which is mariah's mama miss lucy is a whole mess. I ain't gonna talk about nobody's mama though So anyway, y'all, uh, yeah, it's really funny to see how Relationships operate on tv before you before You know stuff is about to hit the fan. So I could literally see the tension between Um, dr. Jackie and her husband Not to give him a pass for cheating because there ain't no there is no Excuse for that behavior. Um, but I can see that he was really it was almost like At the point of or maybe he was even doing a thing at hell. We don't know. Do we know was he cheating them? I'm sorry, dr. Heavy.  I don't know But I just think that's really weird that she calls him daddy. Um, y'all what else with us? What else? I saw Um, brandy's little brother unblocked me a while back Y'all ray j blocked me a while back. It was been a couple of years then he unblocked me I don't even know what I said Like I don't know if I called him brandy's little brother or well, whoever monitors his instagram have blocked But you are brandy's little brother ray j like why you get mad? I mean Dang, so anyway, y'all Paul mooney Paul mooney I He passed away He lived a long life. Okay 79 years old. He ran a good race. I'm sorry. Some people don't even don't even make it to 60 So 79 is a blessing and y'all didn't know that he had twin sons and they're very handsome in my opinion 79 comedian Genius and the thing that kind of irks me with our people is we get so So Clearly Paul was on was was one of the girls, you know what I mean? He was more than likely bisexual Who cares and so was Richard prior he even said that he had sexual who was that? Who was that Marlon Brenda like why the hell was it now morning Brenda was fine and it's that girl Well, yes, he was but not not the Marlon Brenda and and the island of dr Monroe, that's how I remember him the island of dr. Monroe you with some damn cheetahs and and and and uh That was a weird ass movie y'all Have y'all ever seen that the island of dr. Monroe Monroe? That was so weird as Monkeys walking around with titties and stuff. I'm sorry. I may have to watch that movie after this Just to laugh at that fully. So anyway, um Um Richard prior was bisexual at least he I don't think he necessarily Considered himself these people were fluid with their sexuality. So, um, such a loss I love that he told it how it was, you know, he he did not hold back A lot of white people couldn't handle that they really couldn't I don't think they meant I like a lot of white people couldn't handle that I think that a lot of a lot of celebrities also Distanced themselves from him because of that because he was like that, you know, I mean not all of them But a lot of a lot of celebrities dead Hold on. Nikki's calling me Hey girl, it's my niece bunny. Why are you home? Baby, it's my screen. I on hold on Now can you see me? Look at my babies. See you bunny. Y'all. Sorry about that. My baby's called me. Oh Yeah, it's so funny. Like my niece and nephew um There are just to get off not to get off subject. There are like Six or seven No, yeah about five or five of us cousins that had kids all in the same year girl And my niece and JB or three months apart and when I tell you she looks exactly Like my sister. I think of course JB looks like me, but I think that if he was a girl That would have been my twin Like when I tell you this baby looks so much like my sister. It's scary. It's literally scary. Um Okay, y'all so what I'm watching on tv. Sorry, so um top of the lake Absolutely phenomenon. It stars the actress that plays in the handsmaids tale.  You know what I mean? She's not tall. She's not super skinny. Um, she's you know She basically has made her. Um, hold on y'all This is Vivian Y'all I keep getting So sorry, I keep getting interrupted y'all that but this was work. I mean, I'm technically a working home This was work and I'm putting out a mini fire So let me make this hurry up and make this Quick so what I'm watching on tv Laura y'all top of the lake great show. Like I said has a woman Uh from um handmaid's tale I'm now on season two again, and it's called top of the lake and it is on hulu Um good girls speaking of good girls. Um, they better give me what I want So it looks like we're taking a break from good girls And I guess the new episode should be up today. So I need to go ahead and watch that I am digging real. Um, I did see like a Thread or something when I'm talking about make sure that you sign the attention for good girls to stay on And I guess are threatening to cancel it y'all but It's okay. This season was okay is okay so far um Jacobs ladder Now this one is with what is his name with the pretty eyes from four upper shop. Y'all know I'm bad with a name Michael E. Lee Michael, you know y'all Michael E. Lee is very private. I don't blame this asshole girl Michael E. Lee playing is he playing the um Guy with PTSD or I think his brother comes back but something follows him so Well starting to watch that didn't finish it, but I think I will go ahead and finish that one I saw speaking of the things following him. I saw the preview for the conjuring um The conjuring part three which I love the conjuring one and two but y'all I can only watch those shows Those type of shows so many times and after that I get too scared. I'm like no, I can't I can't be doing this girl Um, anyway girl. I'm I'm just so random handmaid's tail I know that it's a bit much but I'm telling you guys if you can get past it some of the scenes It is a very good series and so um I'm not gonna give any spoilers away, but I feel like june is slowly losing it. I really do She's she's losing it. So yeah Um, what did I say? Okay? Yeah, so I'm married to medicine, but there was something that I wanted to say about the conjuring three There was something I wanted to bring up y'all that was kind of like I don't know girl, but that is it y'all this chitchat is all over the place I need to get back to work or pick my baby go pick me up some chicken and that order So that is it if you want to thank you so much for watching. Take care. Bye


We would like to invite all of our citizens, 50 and older, to our senior jamboree at Dutch Square Mall on June 11th from 10 to 3. This is a fun event for our seniors. They will be some health screenings, but we'll also have some educational workshops brought to you by the Better Business Bureau. And we'll also have the South Carolina Bar with their Astro-Lawyer. And then we'll also have prescription take-backs, so any old prescriptions that they have at their houses or at their family's houses and they want to get rid of, they can come bring it here and get rid of them safely. And then we'll have some entertainment, we'll have some door prizes, and we'll have some exhibitors with senior-oriented services and businesses. It'll be fun for everybody. The Better Business Bureau will be talking about identity theft, fraud, scams, debt collection. I said those are a lot of things that target seniors, so you want to get some information on that. We're going to try to have some workshops on mental health matters and brain injuries and stuff like that. So it's very informative. There will be many workshops, but we'll have people there that you can get more information from after the workshops are over. We have a plethora of things for seniors to do. We have several senior groups that they can get involved in at our city parks. We have Bingo on 2nd Thursdays at the Busby Community Center. We have the Savvy Senior Workshops at the Busby Community Center also. And then we also have senior health fairs and various things that drew wellness that seniors can get involved in with the exercises and all of that.


I always say this to the mothers.  And tomorrow you expect her to dress completely modest. It's not gonna happen. This has to come from the beginning. Before that you need as parents to have this in you that you are strong in your faith and you are proud of who you are. And you see it, which I really find it extremely astonishing you see the Jews, they do not worry about the Christmas at all. Why do Muslims have this problem? Allah has chosen us. And why do you wanna be like everybody else?


How's it going guys your local realized man Isaac here and I want to talk about the merits of having a routine a routine for life Having some structure to your day It's incredibly difficult to be super effective and productive when you have no structure to your life Right now. I'm on my university break and I kind of wake up and don't really have much structure I'll wake up and and Moved by whichever way the day pulls me which direction The only thing I do have is making these videos However, university is starting up in one week for me So there's gonna be some structure to my days. I'm gonna have my time table. I'm gonna have my tutorials. I have to go to my lectures So every day there'll be a set time after wake up a Set time after catch the bus Set time. I have to study a set time. I have to read and Although I'll be busy during this period. I am more likely to get more things done just because I have a routine If you plan your routine, you can become incredibly effective My routine for uni is I'm going to catch the bus as I usually do and during this time So killing time Snapchat Instagram I'm gonna be downloading information to my brain via audio books or reading books from my iPad I've calculated I should be able to finish easily a book a week with this simple process Right now because I have no structure. I have to go out on my way to read I Have to find time or decide to read but because There will be a time period for me to read When uni starts it's gonna be a lot easier to become effective Then I'll get to uni. I'll go to the lecture Then go to the library and study Bus back home the same thing Read I'll get home Meditate eat some food go to gym Make a video Everything's gonna be structured and everything is gonna allow me to become more effective and more proficient at what I'm doing When you have no structure It's hard to be productive. It's hard to have a sense of which direction should go when you do have a structure You can see what's working. You can see where you're headed and In that way you gain a sense of motivation with that momentum so for you If you don't really have a structure try install a structure try set up Time periods that you're going to have for different activities and try stick to them This way life becomes a lot easier You can see some tangible progress And that's a quick video for today guys. Make sure you like subscribe comment. What are good stuff? I'm here chilling as usual To next time peace


The State Governor, Senator Oba Sani, has taxed citizens on peace and progress of the state, urging them to carry on with the good virtues and lessons of Ramadan. The Governor made the call on Wednesday at the Emir of Zazaw's palace during the Salah-Doba celebration shortly after the Eid prayer in Zaria. To work for the progress of the state, the Governor added. The Emir of Zazaw, Ambassador Ahmed Nuhu Bamali at the event, commended the federal Kaduna State Governments and Security Operatives for their efforts put in place to ensure peace in the state. Bamali also commended the Governor's joint efforts towards rescuing the abducted Khuriga school children. I want us to use the lesson of Ramadan to continue to work for the progress of our state as well as the country generally. We are facing some challenges as you are aware, mostly of insecurity which we are all working closely together with the stakeholders and the government at a federal level to address the problem of security in our own state. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.