So, we hear the ID Tech Act show and who are you? I am Professor Greg White and I'm actually a physical activity exercise specialist. Are you a nutritionist? Well, I cover the whole gamut really. So, I'm the director of the Centre for Health and Human Performance in London where we look after all areas of human health and performance from nutrition to biomechanics to physiology to medical. So, it's quite a broad spectrum where we try to enhance people's quality of life as well as their length of life. Is it a company or is it for the government? No, so this is a private company. And really what we're trying to do is actually sort of circumvent traditional healthcare to some extent and actually deliver what is required because it is a very complex picture because it deals with people and people are the most complex things to change. Particularly when it comes to behaviour. So, we do an awful lot around behavioural change. So, what is a bigger factor? Is it the food or is it the physical activity? It's a classic question. Is it consumption or is it expenditure? In other words, is it what we eat or is it the activity that we have? And the very simple answer to that is it's both. What we put in our mouths is very important, both in terms of the quantity but also the nature of it, the quality of it. And so, focusing on things like sugar content for example, simple sugar content is really important when it comes to certain diseases or disease states, things like metabolic syndrome like type 2 diabetes for example. But equally it's also about volume. It's about portion size. It's about number of calories. But balanced against that of course is what we expend, how active we are. And I think the crucial thing about activity is not only does it help in terms of weight management but actually activity is central to all cause mortality, so heart disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes. But it's also about improving mental and emotional health and also physical activity can actually improve social health in terms of social interaction. So for me physical activity is the most important but nonetheless it's part of a whole host of different things that are required. So, how does it help for cancer for example? Physical activity in cancer, the work that I do is actually around optimizing patients who are undergoing therapy. I mean what we know is that people who are more active have a lower prevalence of cancer all told. So in terms of actually prevention, physical activity is a very good preventative strategy. But if you have cancer then you'll have to have treatment. And that treatment is chemotherapy, it's radiotherapy and often it can be surgery. All of those are massive physical insults on the body and the physical capacity of the body to withstand that insult is really very important. What we do is we do a process called prehabilitation. So what we do is we optimize the patient prior to treatment. We also optimize them during treatment to try and ameliorate some of the negative effects of treatment like chemotherapy. And then of course rehabilitation following treatment. So following chemotherapy, following surgery to bring them back to a normal or better quality of life than they had. Because a cancer patient has to go through chemotherapy and also the radiation therapy, right? And those both they kind of destroy all cells kind of so you need to do more physical activity than otherwise to kind of stay strong? Yeah, I mean the thing is that there's a whole host of different interventions, different treatments you have as cancer. But something like chemotherapy for example is cytotoxic, it actually destroys cells. And it's also the newer drugs are now much more selective but in general it's relatively non-selective so it destroys everything. And what you do see is there's a whole host of downstream cascades of chemotherapy, things like sarcopenia, you get reduction in muscle mass which is very important because what that underpins is your functional capacity. So your ability to stand up from the chair, your ability to walk. So some of the things that we do with physical activity is try and dampen, reduce the effect, that cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy on the body. One great example of that is actually in terms of heart failure. What we know is that some chemotherapy is a cardiotoxic. They have a cardiotoxicity which impacts on the heart. Intervene with exercise whilst you're having chemotherapy and you can reduce that toxicity. So there's lots of ways where simple interventions with physical activity can have a very positive effect. Both acutely and chronically. And then for example, a lot of people have arthritis. Do you have any recommendations for what do they need to do? Is it similar kind of stuff? Obviously two different types of arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis which is an inflammatory autoimmune issue. And you've got osteoarthritis incredibly prevalent in the population particularly as we age. There is only one effective treatment for osteoarthritis and that is exercise. In very simple terms, what you get is you get movement of joints and that movement of joints is what causes pain. If you can stabilize the joint and we do that by improving strength and also improving strength endurance, what you do is you stabilize the joint, you reduce movement, you reduce pain. And so it's incredibly valuable exercise and paradoxically so because you think if I'm in pain I don't want to move. But actually the more you move, the more exercise you do, very focused, very specific you can improve osteoarthritis. But so you are able to, because it hurts a lot on the joints, you can still... Sorry, this one's a good time. Do come along and listen to these informative talks from global organizations. The exhibition theater is now open. Do come along and before the talks from global organizations. Thank you. Sorry, so the joints are hurting, but how do you train the muscles if they have a difficulty moving? It's a very interesting one because obviously you're in pain. So the use of selective analgesics, so using painkillers at the right time can actually enhance the physical activity. So actually taking them before you're physically active is important. To control the pain, to enable you to be more active. The more active you are, the stronger and more stable the joints become, the less the requirement for analgesics in the long term. So what you are doing, you're taking a slightly different approach across time in response to what your requirements are. And I think often what we do with healthcare is we take, it's a one-size-fits-all approach, is that this is what we do, this is the algorithm and so we're just going to go ahead and do it. What we do need to do is actually personalize that and that's a lot of the work that we do is actually about personalizing, customizing it so it's bespoke to the individual so we optimize their health. So do you have like a private clinic or how does it work? Yep. And people sign up and then you help each of them separately? Yep, so I run a private clinic on Harley Street in London called the Centre for Health and Human Performance and what we do is we effectively look after individuals and so what we do which is perhaps slightly different from what a global health service does is we really do individualize our care so that we optimize what we're doing with our clients so that we effectively move to a faster solution for the particular issues that they have. Not an easy process, not a quick process and not necessarily a cheap process but it does deliver results. So how's the cancer is a big issue in society? How's it been, how's the progress in fighting it and is all the solution you think in your field or a solution is some kind of magical drug and a mix of what you do? No, I think, I mean cancer is ubiquitous now. We all are touched by cancer whether we suffer from cancer personally or we know somebody who has or does suffer from cancer and I think what the solution is is it's multi-agency it is the development of new drugs so it is the pharmaceutical industry. Equally for me actually it's much more of a focus on prevention is that what we want to try and do is prevent cancer in the first place for which lifestyle is very important in that so smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and diet all of those things which are modifiable those modifiable risk factors really very important so the agencies that are involved in that become a crucial part of prevention but when it comes to treatment what we're trying to do is optimise that treatment so the development of new drugs makes a difference but also when we're using those drugs May I have your attention please? There might be a slight delay to the conference tracks again there might be a slight delay to the conference tracks just stay tuned and I will make the announcement a few minutes before they're about to begin So we get one more announcement Again there's going to be a slight delay to the conference tracks I can just finish that bit anyway so I mean in terms of treatment it is multi-agency it's about the development of new drugs that's clearly important more targeted therapy which addresses the specific cancers and on top of that though it's actually about coping with that treatment so in other words optimising the quality of life during treatment which is a lot of the work that we do through physical activity through nutrition, through lifestyle interventions and then of course it's about the rehabilitation of the patient as well so not just prehabilitation but rehabilitation as well to bring the patient back to a high quality of life not only length of life but the quality of those lives So there's a lot of women that get breast cancer and usually it's a little thing in the beginning right and then how do they optimise their chances not to get what's called reoccurrence of cancer is it stuff you talk about? No it's exactly that I think that's a very interesting point that you raise I mean we know an awful lot about breast cancer what is less well known is the fact that more men die of prostate cancer than women die of breast cancer so there are cancers which have a very high prevalence in certain populations men and women and I think that one of the key things to that is number one is prevention we've just spoken about that the other thing is about early identification what we've done with breast cancer is we've become much more aware of the signs of breast cancer so physical examination has underpinned the early identification add on top of that the development of technology around mammograms is assisted in that process and also then the development of bespoke drugs a bespoke farmer which is targeted therapy things like herceptin for example for her too positive breast cancer have made a massive difference as well but of course that is just one cancer there are lots of different cancers and it requires that targeted approach to deal with those other cancers to make the same sort of strides that we've made in breast cancer possible so a lot of physical activity is very important physical activity is central to health without any shadow of doubt across the lifespan so whether it's from pregnant mothers impacting upon their unborn child through childhood into adolescence into adulthood and particularly into old age physical activity is central to quality of life as well as length of life they come into contact with many people that didn't do any physical activity and then they get breast cancer then suddenly they become huge athletic people I mean it's a really interesting one and we've done an awful lot of work for example around breast cancer where we look at women who get breast cancer and then look at intervening with physical activity in fact changing lifestyles post diagnosis and I think that's a very important thing to remember is that the bottom line is it's not the end of the road it's the beginning of the next chapter and what we can do any positive change in lifestyle will have a positive effect on health no matter when we do that so what we should never do is think it's too late to make a change now is the right time to make that change and we will benefit from that change as we go forward and another big issue in society is the heart issues people have right? so how much do you do with that? I mean cardiovascular disease has always been high on the agenda if not number one on that early mortality agenda coronary artery disease is a particular issue but there are lots of cardiovascular diseases which both limit quality of life and also limit length of life again some of those like coronary artery disease for example are heavily influenced by lifestyle so diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol all of those things which are modifiable which we can change can all affect cardiovascular disease but we do have control to reduce their impact by changing our behaviors so for me one of the things that I spend my life talking about really is actually about prevention is that if we can modify our lifestyles if we can improve our lifestyles we can reduce the risk of developing a whole host of non-communicable disease and you had for example of the person who got a new heart and then cycled 360 so if you get a heart what's called a operation it's very important or heart transplant or even what's called bypass then people after that they have to do change lifestyle or physical activity it's so important otherwise it could get bad again it's a very important point you make and that is that the intervention of medicine does not have a future benefit is that we are still responsible for our own health and whether we've had bypass surgery whether we've had a stent fitted in a narrowing coronary artery whether we've had a heart transplant the bottom line is that we still need to look after our anatomy and physiology our health resides in our hands and positive behavioral change will make a positive difference to our health now and in for the future and then the huge issue now is more and more diabetes and how bad is that and then that's exactly what you're saying again there are lots of what we call non-communicable diseases so diseases you don't catch which are lifestyle related and because of that they're lifestyle modifiable type 2 diabetes is a very good example of that and of course what we know is that physical inactivity poor diet, obesity are all directly linked to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes does that matter what it does because type 2 diabetes is profoundly bad for your health globally acutely and chronically but also for the economy I mean it costs a huge amount to look after type 2 diabetes so the drain on a healthcare system for what is a lifestyle modifiable it's not necessarily curable but modifiable disease is enormous so again it's about personal responsibility but it's also our job to work on a global responsibility in society to try and enhance that environment and that comes down to legislation around transport around food etc that we all have a role to play in improving the health of the nation so it's government stuff it's government and it's personal to some extent it's very easy it's very easy for us as humans to blame somebody else and so what we can do is we can say well the government should sort that well actually when the government sort it we then call them big brother and so there's a no win situation but I think again what this is the health of the nation is multi agency and it requires everybody from government the heads of government all the way through and most importantly to us as individuals to care for our own health and if those multi agencies can come together to deliver a package which improves health that's where we're trying to get to so for example you say diabetes is a huge cost so what is the actual cost what happens they need to go to the hospital a lot or yeah so I mean the cost of diabetes for example currently in the UK we run around four to five million type 2 diabetics that costs the NHS about a quarter of the total healthcare budget somewhere in the region of about 25 billion pounds a year which is spent on the treatment of type 2 diabetics where it comes in a drug form with things like metformin all the way through to actually hospital admissions and then the downstream events or causes of things like peripheral vascular disease leading to amputations all of those things cost money and have a massive economic burden which of course in a healthcare system that we have in the UK if you take money away from the healthcare budget for one particular disease it reduces the budget availability for other diseases so actually we have a responsibility to care for the whole system so of course all the prevention has to be done is any chance that once people have diabetes they can be fixed from it or it's something you just taste with you no 100% diabetes is curable I mean type 2 diabetes remember the big distinction between type 1 and type 2 but type 2 diabetes we can improve and we can improve and potentially cure and we've actually done it on a TV show where we showed the reversal of type 2 diabetes through diet and physical activity so lifestyle modification it does take work so then that person becomes like normal they become normal so their markers of diabetes return reverse to normal so it is possible how many people have done that? there's a growing understanding of type 2 diabetics that they can actually reverse the condition and in reversing it's not about necessarily curable what you can do is you can reduce medication doses by making lifestyle changes all of that improves quality of life so it is lifestyle modifiable I think what we need to do is actually help people to make those changes to their lifestyle in order that what we can do is help them control type 2 diabetes in the general population so what if you became the minister of health and stuff like that would you is there some way that all these amazing let's say Sainsbury's and Tesco's and all that stuff can be a little bit encouraged to I don't know a little bit more easy for people to understand that exactly what's healthy what's not maybe customizable for every person when you go to the store what's good for you and then also the recipes and all that stuff does that make sense or is it just up to people to figure it out? I think what's interesting for me is why this conference is so important actually technology has a role to play in that customizing of the requirements for an individual in other words creating a bespoke individualized we talk about personalized medicine but actually what we need is personalized lifestyles and I think tech has the opportunity to do that it can be incredibly confusing because of information overload and I think the requirement of tech is to simplify that and also tailor it and personalize it and that really for me is where the future is because if you can make it easy for people to understand easy for people to adopt it's much more likely to be successful so everybody needs the most advanced fitness tracker that has blood pressure sensitivity that has all this other kind of stuff built in maybe it should be like a national priority to make sure everybody gets one the answer to that is no it's not about complexity I think to some extent what the industry what the tech industry has to understand is about simplicity is that what we're talking about is behavioral change it's the most difficult thing to do is to change human behavior and I think the key driver for that particularly when it comes to health is simplicity is that Einstein coined it beautifully and that is that the genius is the ability to explain the complex in simple terms and that's what we've got to do with healthcare that's what we've got to do with quality of life with behavioral change we have to make it simple but on top of that we have to make it accessible so it's not about the most expensive wearable tech because the bottom line is actually that becomes exclusive rather than inclusive what we've got to do is we've got to find solutions which are simple and affordable and then personalize them so they can actually promote and produce behavior change do you partner with rehab resorts, some kind of places where it is good weather for example with good food and physical everyday stuff or should people just be able to do that from London or from you know I think it's an interesting one what there is is this inverse relationship between affluence and health is that actually the poorer you are the more likely you are to be unhealthy so there are higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease type 2 diabetes but you're more likely to be inactive more likely to smoke more likely to drink excessively and so the solution to the solution to the health care problem that we have in society is not about providing expensive complex solutions so going away to the Maldives on a retreat is very lovely if you can afford it and the bottom line is that the vast majority of the population can't afford that it does provide a solution to some what we have to look at is we have to look at not only a multi agency approach but actually a broad base approach which delivers solutions for everybody in society and so do you have constant communications with all the ministers and stuff like that do they consult you or you just work in your company so I work very hard I'm the chair of the research advisory group for a group called UK active who effectively are the lobby group to government on physical activity and so we work very closely with government to try and to try and educate to some extent those in government as to the issues that surround health care in our society but also to provide solutions in other words connect them so connect them to the guys like here today the text is that it's the innovators in our field which are the future of our field and so connecting industrial partners into government to provide solutions for what are very complex issues is part of the way forward to solve the health care issues in society so are you optimistic about what's going on or are there some countries that are amazingly doing something really cool that everybody should copy or am I optimistic it's a very good question I tend to think I'm always optimistic but I think in saying that what you can never underestimate is the size of the problem that we have this is a massive change that is required and I think where you see countries that do it well invariably embedded in their culture and I think what we are trying to do is actually trying to change that cultural reference particularly of western society places like the United States and Great Britain if you can change the cultural approach if you can change people's attitudes then you have a much better chance of changing behaviors and most changing behaviors will lead to positive health outcomes so it is I'm optimistic but it's a very big job and a very complex job actually the life expectancy is kind of not really increasing as it used to and it's kind of going down even because of this issue the children of today are predicted to live shorter lives than their parents that's the first time in human history and I think what that does is that articulates the level of problem that we face and that simply shouldn't happen not with the advances that we have in healthcare, in pharmaceuticals in diagnostics, in tech that should never occur but it comes down to one thing and that is about behavior and how we work incredibly hard if we are to improve the lot of our children and our grandchildren as we move forward Is Japan a good example because they live longer or who's great at this? There are lots of good examples worldwide of longevity so if we look to the Middle East look at places like Japan equally if we move to Europe and we look at places like Greece we often talk ad infinitum but there are good examples of longevity but equally it's not just about length of life it's actually about quality of those years, it's about life in those years not years of life and I think really what we have to focus on is not just about increasing length of life all we have to focus on is improving the quality of life Do you also work with what's it called the girls that are super thin I forgot the anorexics and bulimics is that also a topic? I think the interesting thing is you have to be very careful with messaging and the media has to be very careful about messaging what we have driven through the media is an aesthetically obsessed population where obesity is such a big issue because we talk about size it's about aesthetics of course what that has done to some extent is it's driven a rise in anorexia and bulimia because those people who are susceptible to those messages are actually being affected by them add on top of that if you think about things like pregnancy the messaging around pregnancy to not gain excessive weight has actually led to a lot of underweight pregnant women so some of the message can be counterproductive so I think what we have to be very careful about this is not about hammering this is not about vilifying certain groups in the population I think we have to be much cleverer much smarter about the messages that we're sending out to make sure again that they are bespoke personalised messages to help people improve their own quality of life


A six-storey building collapsed in the Egyptian capital of Cairo, killing six people. The city's deputy governor, Abdel Hadi, said a family of six was inside when the incident occurred but couldn't yet explain why it happened. Rescuers were still searching through the rubble on Friday afternoon and people were asked to leave the area because of structural concerns. Build construction is common in the North African country and the government has tried to crack down the practice with law enforcement.


cool runnings for for example for me i would rate cool runnings as 3.6 at least the algorithm says that and the same thing for brave driver i would rate it as 3.93 so uh here's the let me see here yeah this is the function of the recommendation and this is the output so as we have seen i would recommend more brave driver than cool runnings what does it mean that i may be recommended with brave driver by the algorithm so i should tell my users what is the predicted here doing the prediction for everyone i have seen that i would be uh recommending cool runners cool runnings like this baby driver like this for the donnie this is these are the predictions and at the Saturday night i'm going to see brave driver so problem solved as i have seen here my average average rating is 3 so these two can be recommended uh maybe in my netflix or my streaming app the these two is going to appear like watch it now cool runnings and brave driver they have likely to be successful of my good movies so this the code is here if you want to check if you want to see and see how to make this algorithm so tiny dot cc aero python 2019 and thank you very much i would like to hear a feedback from you and i'm here if you have any questions thank you maybe one question here thanks for the talk i'm curious uh at your company what products or items are you you're recommending nice so um i'm a data enthusiast my company is thoughtworks um we don't have much work on recommendation uh we have been doing some inferences like we have made for a big media um company uh gender prediction so when a user enters in the website is it is a day of mail or is a mail uh what age and kinds of this but recommendation we have done it yet in a project thanks welcome python and jupiter hop so please uh uh we're welcome to our both organizer and the speaker on the conference uh thank you martin thank you very much for the kind introduction um i'm talking about geospatial analysis and the second thing you see the title is jupiter hop um any one of you already used jupiter hop before oh cool so not too many but more and more and more that's great um actually i could have titled that uh talk jupiter lab with jupiter lab instead of jupiter hop but i i want to show you how cool jupiter hub is it's basically jupiter lab where you can log in so if you go on uh website and you have a jupiter hub installed you just get this page here and you can sign in and after signing in you see this so it's perfect so it's a multi user um jupiter lab and that's pretty much all um there is something i i like to show you too this one you can do with a regular jupiter um notebook or jupiter lab installation too you see i have three kernels here i have a python kernel i have a markdown kernel i have r kernel but there is another feature you can have kernels with different python versions and that's quite handy and um you just create a virtual environment you see that are both using condy in our case and um environment name whatever you like and then you specify pysons 3.5 3.6 3.7 whatever don't use two and the ipython kernel and then you activate this environment and install all your cool packages you want to use and after that um you can create a new kernel with the line above just ipy kernel install user space and name of the new kernel and the screen turns black and then you can list all the kernels using jupiter kernels backlist and you see actually all the kernels installed so if you make this procedure for let me say five different python versions you will see actually five different python versions in your jupiter lab environment and that's really quite handy and if and now we come back to the original title geospatial if you install geospatial modules then you usually have to install many c-based libraries and for that it's really really recommended to have multiple python versions and environment and of course if you are on jupiter hub you will have your file system there and you can access all your user files from the jupiter lab or hub so what we are doing we have a hber apollo 6500 server and on this server we installed jupiter hub and we bought this machine with 48 cores 192 gigs of ram and attached it to our small storage system with 120 terabytes which is actually quite fast storage where we have one gb per second reading and writing speed and that's also a very important fact if you have terabytes of geodata you want to have a really fast and reliable system we also have four and we the tesla v100 in it wow that's that's high tech here so i think the cable should be changed uh tomorrow okay so um what i wanted to say we have uh i need a tesla v100 the sxm2 model that's here one of them and um uses uh lots of power and and uh has 900 gb bandwidth so it's quite fast that we use to create our deep learning models um more about that maybe later so um what is geodata there are some standards easel standards describing what's geodata technical commission 211 series um and so but the most important is most data you have has a geospatial component most data you actually have has a location component or you can create a location component out of it and um mostly people use gis software to load and manage this data however that's um something i do not want to do personally i use pyson for that so what i show you now is everything i'm doing with geodata is done in a Jupiter notebook and um you can really um uninstall all gs software if you if you do that and today i'm limiting myself to to um vector data and a little bit raster data there is also um other geospatial data like point clouds and three of the objects and that's not what i'm going to tell you so um everything is open source i'm showing today um the most important two libraries are c++ based it's gdal ogr okay and the second library is geos and um they are they have bindings in pyson and it's really um it's not pysonic so therefore some people created new pyson modules which are really pysonic and and use the same c++ library and it's much much nicer to to work with that i would not recommend using gdal directory i would use um rasterio for raster data processing phiona for vector processing and shapely to do some vector data operations i will show you an instant and um if you know pandas uh really nice module in pyson there is also geopandas which extends pandas for geospatial data so that's i give you the links which projects we are looking at today um the most important is that we use jupyter notebook and the first module i'm showing you is pholium pholium is basically leaflet js javascript library to create maps it's one of many um um javascript libraries to create maps and with three lines of code you have a map in your jupyter notebook or jupyter lab so you can specify um the important pholium module and you just create a map you specify a location and a zoom level the zoom level is um how far you are away from the ground there are you typically about 20 zoom levels you know that from other mapping services like google maps, bing maps, open sweep map, yahoo maps and all these map services that exist today another thing is if we look at vector data um there are some specifications like the ogc simple feature access specifications where geodata and and in this case vector data is defined um this is used in many databases like poskeys posql and so on and um one of many representations is just using text so i use text to specify a point i use text to specify a polygon and so on the reason for that is um you can print it and in 100 years you can still read it so in the jigo world that's a very important topic there's also the um wkb a binary format but i'm not talking about that now so here are some examples if you specify a point in wkt well known text it's just point brackets 10 20 in this example or if you have um polygon it would be polygon text for the coordinates or there are some things like multi-polygons so you have multiple polygons for example if you have a country with islands there are multiple polygons in that there are also countries with holes and then you have a hole this is all specified in the wkt so it's a it's it's a nice thing and we can use that directly we can use that directly so we can create something similar like like the wkt just using um a python um list and tuples for the coordinates and you see you create your import polygon import point and here you just specify your polygon and if you look at it you see the first and the last point is the same that's an important aspect of this standard the first and the last point is the same so we have a closed polygon um we can actually load it from text to we can create a string with with the wkt definition and load this using shapely wkt and just load ss for string and then we have our polygon definition another format which is quite popular in the java script world is geo json and there you also create your polygons and and specified coordinates that's another approach to define vector data of course there are many other formats too i'm not going into details there now but that's what you find if you go into the geo business so let's let's um just add such a geo chasen in volume you see it's a little bit more complicated but basically you open the geo chasen file you load it and you put it on the map again same syntax and then you use the geo chasen from volume it's just called geo chasen and you add it to your map in this case i loaded a geo chasen of switzerland okay you see that it's a it's a shape of switzerland and now i do the same again but i um plot it directly using shapely and you see there is a it's not it's not the same so there is a distortion so switzerland is not that distorted distorted usually um and the reason for that is we have different coordinate systems so um yeah let me show you the critical on the sphere you know that there is longitude latitude longitude along the greater latitude to the for the poles and um you can project this to to a map um the easiest way is just to create um out of the sphere you just create a cartesian coordinate system so you do map the latitude longitude on it and then you get this one and that's um a completely distorted image of the world uh it's not what you see in google maps actually um there is even more bad with more distortions so um there are some definitions um the earth is a ellipsoid so um the world geodetic system 1984 defined some some um data how the earth is best fit in a in a rotational ellipsoid or spheroid and out of that you can create different map projections i i took three here out of many 10 000 different actually you could invent your own map projection if you want to and here i i printed three of them and you see there are all a little bit different um the mercator projection is what you know from google maps etc and you see um uh the darkness down here is bigger than most other continents which is completely wrong but it's an effect of projections so um we can look at these so-called coordinate reference systems or spatial reference systems and we we can have two special cases one is we use geocentric cartesian system that's just cartesian system with x y z or we use projected coordinates that's usually not 3d it's actually flat and that's um the actually every country has its own representation uh switzerland has its swiss grid and and for example all the countries they have their um special coordinate systems too i'm not going into details here um but you can look it up at epsg.io you can look the system of your country the epsg is the european petroleum survey group the catalog all these these coordinate systems and for example the epsg 4 3 2 6 is the world genetic system 1984 okay that was a little bit off topic let's look at the real example we are located around here we are located around here so um we can say we have a longitude of 7.5 so here greenage um is zero and we are seven degrees to the east and then 47 is is the is the latitude so um here with the equator so we go 47 up out here and we are in switzerland at the congress center basal so that's how it works maybe the problem we will see in an instant so um with shapely we can do some nice expressions we can we can check if a point is inside the polygon for example that's a very complex operation but with shapely it's just a few lines of code actually one line of code so you create a point 47 7 that's our coordinate of the congress center basal you i can look at it as w key type w k t um representation i see point and the coordinate so everything is perfect and then i um check the operation this european point is within switzerland and we get the result false so what did i do wrong lower lower case wrong projection is all wrong so no it's it's it's very simple it's very simple you see um i show you the result how it is done correctly so what was what was the difference i flipped the latitude longitude now i have the longitude first and then it works so uh the problem is um before we had the volume module volume size first latitude then longitude shapely size first first longitude then latitude and that's that's uh that's a common um problem some people say a lot long long lat a lot long this is best or no that that is better and the confusion is perfect so we have to always consider that and know which module uses which representation personally i i um prefer this approach too because it's something like x axis first and y axis second but in geographic coordinates you can't say x axis and y axis so that's the point of where many people find it's worth disputing so i said before we have all the vector formats i'm not going into the details i just recommend if you want to read vector that i use the fiona module but as the time is going on i'm i'm showing quickly geopandas which is um pandas with the ability to make some geographic or geospatial queries so i can load something um let me load a dataset with the all cities of the world with more than five thousand with a population greater than five thousand you can download this dataset at geonames.org um so it's very small so you don't see that good well because it has many data in it so i reduced it to the most important data so i take the name latitude longitude population now you see i take latitude first and longitude and um that's the dataset you can create a geopandas out of it um the trick is you make a column that's named geometry and in this geometry you have a shapely representation of of the geographic information this could be a point like in this case or a polygon a multipolygon or whatever you can create your your geometry column just there so geopandas can also plot like we know that from pandas just make your geodata frame and you plot it and if you plot all cities of the world you see um you recognize the shape of the continents more or less um so europe is quite green in this case so there are many cities so i can do some queries i can basically pandas so same and you see if i make query name basal i get basal information but the more interesting are spatial queries so let me get um the distance from the congress center here to all other cities in this dataset so i just create our point again and calculate the distance and um make a new column um this distance and i sort this column distance so that i show you the result it's simple to understand so you have the name here and the geometry and here the distance so you see we have pierce felden is just next to basal and basal itself so it's a little bit strange because it's all the whole is the center so it's the distance to the coordinate so we are closer to pierce felden than to basal binningen weiland reindersen germany san louis fronts and so on so that's the the names of of this errors in with the distance so i can also query within a polygon so i can use my polygon again and say i would like to have all the cities within the polygon switzerland and then we see if i do that and and combine it with something else like for example i make i would have like to have all the the cities with a population bigger than than 20 000 and i return this is not sorted actually but it doesn't matter so i get all the cities in this dataset within switzerland and um with a population greater than 20 000 so let's um do one more thing display the cities in a volume map that's quite easy you can combine those those modules so you just create um apply for example you can specify a function which fills the creates marker of every city and then you have that in volume so um let me do a last example before session chair throws me out um there is for example um a nice dataset for this um live earthquakes or um the earthquakes of the last two weeks so you can download that directly with this um with this link i do that for example as the request module and then i store it as a file earthquakes geochains i just did it half an hour ago about and um that was the result so i can use geopandas to open my geochains directly and display the first five um incidents and again i simplify the dataset i reduce it to um to four columns time magnitude place and geometry we see the first five it's not sorted anyway and um we see a trend in california at the moment there is a hot spot there at the moment and we can create a histogram out of the data that's a nice way using histograms with 16 bins in this case we see most luckily most earthquakes are so around um three and there are higher ones in there unfortunately and we can you see in the in the first column here you have a timestamp and to um to change this timestamp to a to a better readable um representation you can use the daytime and the time zone module of pyson and create a new column with which is more readable so we have um ten of july um this is utc time zone um maybe we hear something about time zones and the lightning talk i don't know oh tomorrow tomorrow okay it's very nice talk about time zones very important uh miroslav miroslav so um we can plot this and we can also plot multiple geodata sets and uh you see i read this geodata frame and i can combine this using just plots multiple plots using the axis you can have multiple so i can display the continents and some earthquake on it you could do more you could change the size of the of the dots um depending the magnitude um and i think the cable says it's time for questions so um thank you very much for your attention and are there any yeah i think i think uh that's actually there is a microphone on the table and i think somewhere i'm not quite sure hello i'm not sure i can can you say something about what you use this very expensive computer for yeah that's a good question i unfortunately wanted to say more about that but i was running out of time after um 35 slides i said oh we have to stop we do some project um for example to detect solar panels on the roofs we have the data set of orthophotos of hollow switzerland that's about two terabyte of data and there we try to detect solar panels different kind of solar panels and um therefore we create um models deep learning models and train that and for training we use the forward GPUs and to improve it oh there it's confusing with the microphone okay and of course many other applications we do many um deep learning projects at the moment no i didn't i didn't skip i i actually didn't even put inside in this presentation yeah but i don't have it ready actually to um okay are there any solutions for geodata especially queries in databases in jango applications you would recommend because we've seen python now but if i have to trim it down to sql it becomes a bit more complex especially when i have to do it from a jango direction of course you can you can this is something i don't i don't like to answer in the python conference but i you asked me now so for example is postgres go and post js and post js um uses spatial queries too you can do the same like i showed here and unfortunately you can do that with post to post js much faster than using um the jupiter lab solution i showed you so what i showed you is actually slower than if you are using postgres so but you can you can do actually the same the disadvantage of course is you don't have a nice python environment you can't program it nicely like this you can just do queries yeah i'm aware of that but uh it's it's a feature of a specific database and and if i want to do it from jango and and the jango query should also work with sqlite then i think there is i can't just use the postgres features are you aware of the project geojango there is a geojango which takes takes care of these details so you can directly access the features of of post js with geojango some possibilities to use the these libraries for the planets other than earth so mars or yes it's actually no problem you can you can do any planet um the only problem is that you don't have high resolution data of other planets but it's basically the same you just need the model um there are models for for mars for example there are models for most um near planets on earth we have the wgs 84 representation but the mars is basically also ellipsoid so you can do exactly the same calculations this this you could even do distance calculations from one point to the other with geopandas and the mars data set so it's no problem okay thanks yes i will make them i think all european slides will be on the program on the website program so all speakers will upload them and and you can just download it from the from the place where where the schedule is so it's just click on the on the on the topic and you will get the link to the to the slides that's a very good question um um don't use geopandas for very large datasets if you if it's the same like pandas you can't use pandas for very large datasets at the moment the developers are working on that they try to to do some memory voodoo sorry for that um but it it will not work um unless you use um modules i didn't show that because it's already too much in the detail if you use phiona for example you can take one um actually one row of the dataset and you have that in the memory so you do you have to do the memory management yourself for for example if you want to do some distance calculations you would just do it over a pair row base and then you could take a multi terabyte dataset and do your calculations with that there is also for larger datasets there is pi spark and geopi spark see there is a trend in putting a geo in front of classic python modules and with geopi spark or pi spark you can do much bigger calculations um actually there is there is almost no limit it's it's a hardware it's it's a hardware issue if you have enough money for the hardware you you can you can have unlimited amounts of data okay thank you very much again so hello everyone in this talk i'm going to show you how to design functions they can be correctly graph converted using two of the most exciting features of the new terson flow relays 2.0 autograph and tf function but first let me introduce myself so i am paolo galeone i'm a computer engineer and i do computer vision and machine learning for a living and i'm literally obsessed with tensorflow i started using tensorflow as soon as google released it publicly around november 2015 when i was a research fellow at the university of balonia at the computer visual laboratory and they never stopped since then in fact i blog about tensorflow you can see the others of my blog there i answered questions on stackover flow about tensorflow almost daily i brought open source software using tensorflow and i use tensorflow every day at work and for this reason google noticed that this strong passion and awarded me with the title of google developer expert in machine learning so as i mentioned i have a blog and i invite you to go read it mainly because this talk is born from a three-part article i've wrote about tf action and autograph and so after this brief introduction we are ready to start so in tensorflow 2.0 the concept of graph definition and section execution the core of the descriptive way of programming used in tensorflow 1 are disappeared or better they've been hidden in favor of the eager execution eager execution as everyone almost should know is the execution of the computation line by line pure typical of python this new design choice has been made with the goal of lowering the entry barriers making tensorflow more pythonic and easy to use of course the description of the computation using data flow graphs proper of tensorflow 1 have too many advantages that tensorflow 2 must still have for instance graphs have a faster execution speed are easy to replicate and to distribute graph moreover are language agnostic representation in fact a graph is not a python program but is a description of a computation being agnostic to the language they can be creating using python and then export and use it in any other programming language moreover automatic differentiation automatic differentiation comes almost for free when the computation is described using graphs so to merge the graph advantage is proper of tensorflow 1 and the ease of use of the eager execution tensorflow introduced the tf function and autograph so this is the signature of the function and tf function allow you to transform a subset of python syntax into a portable and di performance graph representation with a simple function decoration as it can be seen from the function signature in fact tf function is a decorator and uses autograph at default autograph let you write a graph code using natural python like syntax and in particular autograph allow you to use a python control flow statements like the if as why for and so on inside a tf function decorated function and it automatically automatically converts them into the appropriate tensorflow graph nodes for instance if statement python becomes a tf con for loop become a tf while and so on however in practice what happens when a function decorated with tf function is called so this is a schematic representation of what happens it is a two phase execution in particular the most important thing to note it is when a function decorated with the tf function is invoked the eager execution is disabled in that context and on the first call the function is executed and traced been eager executed disabled by the fourth every tf dot method just define a tf operation they produce a tf tensor object as output exactly in the same way as tensorflow one is the same exact behavior at the same time autograph starts and is used to detect the python construct that can be converted to the graph equivalent so a while becomes a tf while and so on so once gathered all these pieces of information we can build the graph so we have the function trace autograph representation and so since we have to replicate the eager execution after every single line what happens is that every execution every statement is an execution order forced using the tensorflow one tf control dependency statement at the end of this process we have built the graph then based on the function name and on the input parameters a unique ad is created and it is associated with the graph then the graph is placed and cached into a map so we can just have a map id equal graph any function called then will reuse the defined graph only if the k matches of course since the tf function is a decorator it forces us to organize the code using functions in fact functions are the new way of executing something into a session now that we have a basic understanding of how tf function works we can start using it to solve a simple problem and see if everything goes as we described it here so this is a problem the problem is really easy is just a multiplication of two constant metrics followed by the addition of a scatter variable b really really easy so this is the tensorflow one solution and in tensorflow one we have to first describe the computation as a graph inside a graph scope by default there is a default graph always present but in this case we explicitly here then we create a special node in we with the only goal of initializing the variables and everyone familiar with tensorflow one should have seen this line a thousand of times and then in the end we create the session object and this is the option that received the description of the computation the graph and places it upon on the core cloud hardware then we can finally use the session object to run the computation and getting the result so this is the standard implementation in tensorflow one and in tensorflow two thanks to eager execution the solution of the problem is becoming really really easier in fact we only have to declare the constants and the variables and the computation is executed directly without the need to create a session in order to replicate the same behavior of the session execution rewrite the code instead of function executing the function as in fact the same behavior of the previous session dot run of the output of the output node the only peculiarity here is that every tf operation like tf constant tf matmool and so on produces a tf tensor object and not a python native type or a numpy array therefore for this reason as you can see in the last line we have to extract from the tf tensor the numpy representation by calling the dot numpy method we can call the function as many times as we want and it works like any other python function so right now we have only a pure eager function but what happens if we try to decorate this function and convert it to its graph representation using tf function add in the decorator pretty straightforward and of course we might expect that since this function works correctly in eager mode we can convert it to its graph representation just by adding the decorator let's try and let's see what happens i added the two print statements to before the return statement one it's a print statement executed only by python therefore the first one and the second one is a tf print statement that is a node in the graph this will help us to understand what's going on so this is the first output we see on the console when the function is called the process of a graph creation starts at this stage only the python code is executed and the execution is traced in order to collect the required data to build the graph as you can see this is the only output we get the tf print call is not evaluated since as any other tf method TensorFlow already knows everything about that particular node and therefore there is no need to trace their execution moving forward we can see the second output so we got that exception tf function decorator function tried to create variables on a no first call but in eager execution this function worked correctly so what's going on here the exception of course is a little bit misleading since we call it this function only once but the exception is called is talking about a no first call but of course tf function in practice called this function more than once while trying to trace its execution to create the graph but in short as it is easy to understand tf function is complaining about the variable object as this first exception bring us to our first lesson of this talk and this is the lesson so a tf variable object in eager mode is just a python object that gets destroyed as soon as it goes out of scope and that's why the function works correctly in eager mode but a tf variable in a tf decorator function is the definition of a node in a persistent graph since is a eager execution is disabled in that context so since the graph is persistent we can define a variable every time we call a new function and this brings us to the solution of the problem the solution is to just think about the graph definition while defining the function so we can declare an variable every time the function is called we have to take care of this manually declaring a variable as a private private attribute of the class f and creating it only during the first call we can correctly define a computational graph that works as we expect and in short this brings us to our second lesson the second lesson is that eager functions are not graph convertible as they are there is no guarantee that function the work in eager mode are graph convertible always define the function structure thinking about the graph that's being built okay so this was the first topic of the analysis of tf function now we can move forward and analyze what happens when the input type of a tf function decorator function changes okay this part of the of the talk is by far perhaps the most important part since the function should bridge to different completely true should bridge to different completely words in fact python is a dynamically typed language where a function can accept any input type any input type while tensor flow being a c++ library under the hood is a strictly statically typed library and every node in the graph must have a well-defined type and also well-defined shape so we are going to define a function to test what's going on when we change the input type this is the function is the identity and as we can see only one the function accept a python variable x that can be literally everything only two we have a print function that's executed only once during the function tracing on the third line we have the tf print function that is executed every time the graph is evaluated in the end since this is the identity we return the input parameter okay this is the first test when the input as we can see is a tf tensor we expect that a graph is built for every different tf tensor the type and this should happen of course only once and then we have to reuse every time we call the same function with the same type the same graph created on the first call on every second code therefore we don't expect to see the python execution line but only the output of the graph execution let's see the output as you can see everything when the input is a tf tensor work as we expect and since everything is going smoothly we can try to deep dive a little bit inside the autograph structure and check if the graph that is being built after the autographic execution and the function tracing is what we think so in short we think that we all we should only contain the tf print statement and the return of the input parameter okay using the tf autograph module is it possible to see how autograph converts a python function to its graph representation the code of course is a mess because it's machine generated but we can notice something unexpected maybe i can try to move this this line this is a little bit unexpected in fact there is a reference to the python execution inside the graph isolation so this is a strange and is not what what we expected when we want to just create a graph we can analyze only this part and without digging too much into the constructor we can see that there is the name of the function that is python executed of course there is print its argument python execution comics wrap it inside control dependency or return the second parameter of the autograph converted call is the owner and as you can see is none this means that there is no package known to autograph or tensorflow that contains the print function definition so in short this line is a statement that gets converted to a tf no operation and it has the only set effect to force the execution order in practice we are just forcing the execution order of the sequence lines the sequence statements after the execution of a tf nope node okay we can see now after this short analysis of our function gets graph converted what happens when the input is not a tf tensor but is a python native type okay the code is similar to the previous one we just defined an apple function called print info to be sure that everything that you to be sure that we are feeding the correct data type to the function since the function is trivial we expect of course the safe behavior we get before okay as we can see now we can see what happens when our python integer is fed as input and something where it is going on of course since the python execution as you can see is displayed not only once as we might expect since this is a single data type integer but it's executed twice the graph therefore is very created at every function invocation and this is really weird but trust me things are getting even worse because now on the first execution we have defined two graphs for the one value and for the two value but what happens if we feed now the same value but with a different data type so with a float as you can see the graph now is not being recreated at every invocation but given a float input we get an integer output so this is no more the identity function this is somehow broken in fact the written type is wrong and the graph that is being built for the integers one and the integer two is being reused for the float values one and two so this was my phase when I discovered this so I spent some time to figure out what was going on and I summarized this on the next lesson this is lesson number three so the function does not automatically convert a python integer to a tf tensor with the d type expected so since integer in python are 64 bits we expect a tf int 64 and so on the graph id when the input is not a tf tensor object is built using the variable value not the type this is a design choice of the tf function authors that I don't like that much since it makes the graph conversion not lateral and you have to worry about this behavior moreover since this a new graph is being recreated for every different python value we have the risk of designing terribly terribly slow functions in fact we can see a simple performance measurement g is this entity function here in the first loop g is fed with the tf tensor object produced by tf range function execution the second loop instead invokes g with 1000 different python integers and this means that we are building 1000 different graphs autograph is actually optimized and it works well when the input is a tf tensor object as you can see from the time measurement here while it creates a new graph for every different input parameter while the for every different input parameter value while I with a huge drop in performance and this brings us to the first lesson use tf tensor everywhere seriously this is the mantra to repeat tf tensor is not the only tensor flow object that we have to use when we are using tf function in fact tf function has this where behavior when using python types but also as other where behaviors when using other python native constructs this brings us to the last part of the presentation really brief so what happens when we just plug plug inside the tf function the torrent and function some python operator this function works correctly in your mode given the tf tensor x that holds the constant value of one we expect to get the output a equal b since a and b are the same pattern object I guess that everyone here should agree that the final s should never be reached because if we feed a number every condition should be satisfied and we should never reach the what lines but in practice what happens and if we execute this dysfunction this is the output but yes so keeping this really short there are several problems in that function the bigger one that affects tensor flow from the iridescent is that the python equal operator is not overloaded as a tf equal then the second huge problem is that autograph endless the conversion of the if elif as statement but not the conversion of the boolean expressions defined using the python built-in operations so in short the correct way of writing the function is to use the tensor flow boolean operators everywhere instead of using the python native operators and this brings us to the last lesson the operator lesson that's this one use the tensor flow operators operations everywhere seriously otherwise you get that weird behaviors completely no sense and really hard to debug so we are reaching the end and this is a recap of the five points so the variable needs a special treatment you have to think about the graph by designing the function and eager to graph the conversion from eager to graph is not as forward there is no auto boxing of python native types to tf tensor so we have to use tf tensor everywhere and also we have to use the tensor flow operator explicitly everywhere so this is this is the end and just i hope you enjoyed the talk and i just want to share with you the the fact that i'm writing a book about tensor flow tf function and neural networks and if you want to stay in touch and get informed when the book is out or when a new article about tensor flow and the whole tensor flow ecosystem is out just leave your email in the subscribe page thank you okay we have we have all our time this evening to ask you questions because it's the last talk in this room if no one minds i would start with one question so first please put your slides after the talk i like really want to reproduce the examples you gave us because this what i like about tensor flow like you sometimes get this crazy stuff and crazy errors and you have no idea what what they mean that's what's my first and the second uh what do you think the developers of tensor flow did they do this on purpose like not how you said like all this about less greater and and equal operators did they do this on purpose to not replace them with tf much greater and so on so i'm 100 sure that tf equal and the underscore underscore equal python operator has not been overloaded because internally in the tensor flow code base they use tf tensor to index in as an index in the map so they have to be hashable and therefore they can't use the tf dot equal because tf dot equal generates a new tf tf operation and therefore is not something hashable and this is the reason for tf equal the other replacement so for the greater lesser and so on they should be converted and perhaps they will be converted because in the rfc they said that of course in the the future we will handle this comparison but since this is the problem of the equal operator perhaps they can't do this and they force us to use the tf boolean operators for this reason thank you if you have any questions please come to the mic because they are not detachable so we have we still have a bit of time for one or two questions okay then thank you very much for the talk and thanks everyone for being here


Dear media, we're finally starting short remarks with the Ministers and a few questions. Without first of view, Minister Kulev. We will continue to stand by Ukraine's side, and today we're announcing new assistance totaling more than $1 billion in this common effort. That includes $665.5 million in new military and civilian security assistance. In total, we committed over $43 billion in security assistance since the beginning of the Russian aggression. We're sending our first delivery of mine-resistant and bush-protected vehicles to Ukraine's border guards and police, some of whom I'll have an opportunity to visit with tomorrow. And we're providing critical assistance for demining to help clear Russian landmines, unexploded ordnance, and other daily remnants of war-killing and maiming civilians. Today with President Zelensky, I discussed longer-term sustainable security arrangements, which will provide ongoing security assistance and modern military equipment across land, air, sea, and cyberspace, as well as training and intelligence sharing. What did you hear, what one or two things did you hear on this trip from President Zelensky or other? In the current counter-offensive, we are seeing real progress over the last few weeks. As it happens, President Zelensky just returned from the front line, so I was able to hear directly from him his assessment of the counter-offensive. And I think it very much matches our own, which is, as I said, real progress in recent weeks. Because if Russia manages to succeed even partially, it will be a clear motivational signal, a clear encouragement to all other malign forces across the globe to solve problems through the use of force. The second argument is also, I think, very simple. I mean, I don't want to sound rude, but the question is, if the West cannot win in this war, then what is the war that the West can win? And when I say the West, I include Ukraine to this list as well. We have talked in detail today about the issue of giving Ukraine a long-range missile attack. We had a very important conversation, and I am happy that this option remains open. We believe that discussions in the middle of the administration will lead to a positive solution. Thank you very much.


Hello everybody! In today's video, I'm going to tell you what to do if a Windows 10 computer can't see a network printer, or a printer connected directly to this computer. In our channel and blog you will find solutions to any problem, from installing an operating system or configuring it to fixing possible bugs and errors or optimizing mobile gadgets. Our specialists will answer any questions you ask in your comments under the videos or articles. Quite often, after updating Windows 10, users face the problem of their computer being unable to recognize the printer. In most cases, the root of this problem is either a system failure or driver failure. In this video, we will try to analyze all possible causes of why a Windows 10 computer cannot detect its printer. So let's begin. There are many things that may cause this problem. Corrupt drivers or wrong drivers because their witness is different from that of the operating system or some network components which are disabled by default in Windows 10. For stompers, it makes sense to check if the USB cable and the port you are using are in good working condition. You might have pulled the cable accidentally, so now the cable is damaged or the connection with the USB port is poor. So make sure that one end of the cable is plugged tight into the printer and the other end into the USB port of your computer. Try plugging the cable into another USB port. The next step is to examine the printer. Is it powered on? Does it have enough ink? And so on. If anything like that did happen, fix it and check the cable connection again. If nothing changed, but the cable and the port are alright, well, you should look for issues in the operating system. The first thing to help you fix the problem is the system utility with the obvious name Troubleshoot. It will search automatically for any issues and try to fix them. To start it, go to Settings, Update and Security, Troubleshoot. Here click on the printer symbol and run the utility. Wait a bit until it completes the search and fixes the problems it can find. Meanwhile, you may have to specify the device which is not working properly or confirm that it is not listed at all. When the search is over, the utility will display a report and suggest how to fix your problem. In most cases, the built-in Troubleshooter can help you solve basic problems and even some of possible system failures. Alternatively, you can try and add the printer manually. Usually, the operating system downloads all components required for the work of certain devices from an official website. To add a printer, open Settings, Devices, Printers and Scanners. Here click Add a printer or scanner. Usually the operating system can detect a device automatically, but if it didn't happen, just click the printer that I want isn't listed. Now check the shared printer by name or any other variant you prefer. Add the device name and click Next. If you are using a network printer, then select either the TCP-IP option or the last option on the list. In case with the network printer, specify its IP address, that is, the IP address of the computer to which the printer is physically connected. If the printer still doesn't get detected after all these steps, try installing the drivers manually. Go to the official website of your printer's manufacturer and find available drivers for your device in the Support section. It's good if you can find drivers for Windows 10, but if there is no latest version, you can also try the drivers initially created for Windows 7 or 8. Download them to your computer. Before you start the installation, I recommend visiting the control panel, Devices and Printers, and check if your printer is displayed there. That is, the system can recognize it, but it doesn't work. Right-click on it and remove it from the system. Only after that, run the driver installer. Sometimes, a driver is available, but the operating system cannot install it automatically. If that's your case, this is what you should do. Check the device manager for any new USB devices that require drivers to be installed. You can usually spot them by the yellow exclamatory mark next to the device name. Right-click on the Start button and select Device Manager to see if there are any USB devices with such symbol. Extract the driver package to a convenient directory. Right-click on the USB device with the warning symbol and update the driver. Specify, browse my computer for driver software and give the path to the folder containing the expected drivers. Otherwise, you can try automatic search. Sometimes, users have difficulties even with finding a proper driver. So, to download the one you need, go to the website of your device manufacturer and check the corresponding page to find the driver for a specific printer model. Soon, you will see the search results and there are high chances you will find what you need. Download and install the driver. Another way to find the driver by device ID is very simple – to do it. Click on the printer in the device manager and select Properties. Then open Details tab and choose Hardware IDs. Search this information on the Internet. In case with the network printer, one of the not-so-obvious causes behind the problem could be the difference in driver witness. When a shared network printer is used with computers that run operating systems of different witness. For example, the main computer has Windows 10 64-bit, while the other Windows 10 32-bit or even Windows 7 32-bit. To solve this problem, install drivers for 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems to both computers. If you encounter network printer issues, enable detection for the shared printer. Most often, it happens because of the wrongly configured shared access settings. To fix it, open Settings, Devices, Printers and Scanners. Select the printer you want to share and click on Manage. Choose printer properties and switch to the tab Sharing. Check the box Share this printer. You can rename this shared printer if necessary, and the new name will be used for accessing the printer from another computer within the network. Let's say it's a client computer. Now add the printer on the client computer. A little earlier in this video, you would see how to do it. If the shared access settings are configured properly but you still experience network printer issues, there might be a problem with the firewall settings. The point is that this security component has been made more robust in Windows 10, so it both adds more safety and more issues. There is a special video tutorial about configuring or disabling the firewall in Windows 10, so you can watch it if you follow the link in the description. One more thing about Windows 10 version 1709. Because of a system error, computers having 4GB of system memory or less cannot detect network printers. The best solution would be updating your Windows to the latest version, but if it is impossible – for any reason – you can still fix the problem with the command prompt. Open the command prompt with administrator rights and type the following command. Restart the computer for the changes to take effect. This command lets the operating system detect the network printer properly and use it when necessary. Often, problems with detecting a shared network printer are accompanied with a warning that says the network path was not found. This is quite a complicated issue, and the solution is not a piece of cake. You need to configure SMB protocol settings, shared access and disable IP version 6. To configure SMB protocol, open the control panel, programs and features, turn Windows features on or off. In the window that opens, check the box next to SMB file sharing support. To enable shared access, open settings, network and internet, add a net, change advanced sharing options. Here, enable network discovery and file and printer sharing. To disable IP version 6, select change adapter options, right-click on the network, choose properties and uncheck the box next to internet protocol version 6. When a shared printer is not available, it is often accompanied with errors in the work of Active Directory, the system utility for shared access. In this case, the cause of the problem lies in Active Directory rather than in the printer itself, and Active Directory is the component to be fixed. Check if the print spooler service is enabled. Type services in the search field and stop the app. This service should be running to be able to work properly. After all, if all these methods fail to help you, there is the last resort. Set up the printer for your server or main computer again, and then configure access to the printer for all computers within your network. Summing up, a printer in Windows 10 can be unavailable for a number of reasons – those hardware and software related. However, most of them have their roots in the software components, and you don't have to be an expert user to get everything to work properly. And that is all for now. I hope you find this video useful. Hit the Like button and subscribe to our channel. Leave comments to ask questions and share your opinion. Thank you for watching. Good luck.


Welcome to the tea of the day today. I've got nothing but fresh basil in here fresh common basil that is Okay, now Thing about this as an experiment. I figured why not? Let's just try basil by itself as a tea see what happens and It's very light. It's kind of like having a white tea. It's that subtle But you still very much get that basely taste and smell hmm But basil I'd still rather eat it, you know, I rather just eat it up And but you know why not cuz tea can work as good with basil It's just slightly different way of taking it if you feel like having it as a tea Enjoy mix it in with some other herbs if you want, but basil if you have watched my youtube channel I've got several basil videos you should go check it out It talks everything about which I could talk about right now Which is how it's a pain reduce or fever reduce everything it could possibly think of Otherwise basil tea


Welcome to our new platform for our monthly JSA virtual roundtables. Attendees can now join 15 minutes early to network before joining the live roundtable and return to the networking lounge for more networking after. Upon logging in with the link provided, you will land in the networking lounge.  There you will be able to meet with your fellow panelists and the moderator before the roundtable goes live. A few important technical reminders. We recommend using the latest version of Chrome, Chrome 79 or later. The platform is not mobile friendly, so please join via your laptop or desktop computer with a stable internet connection. Please mute yourself when you are not speaking to help with background noise. Have headphones handy. Using headphones helps with audio quality. Our events team will be backstage with the panelists to support you. After the roundtable, panelists and attendees will all return to the networking lounge to continue the conversation. Each panelist will have a dedicated networking table with their logo on it. Please join that table so attendees can ask you questions directly. We invite you to bring one of your marketing or sales team members to join your table before and after the virtual roundtable to interact with attendees. Just share the link to join with them. And that's it. We appreciate your time and we hope you enjoy this new interactive experience.


Good morning. My name is Gary Silverstein. I'm with Westad, a social science research firm just outside of Washington, D.C., and I am a co-PI on the NSF Includes Coordination Hub, which is what I'm here to talk about today. But first let me just say a word about the NSF Includes National Network. The NSF Includes National Network is a comprehensive national initiative designed to focus on diversity, inclusion, and broadening participation in STEM. It's funded by the National Science Foundation, and the vision for NSF Includes is to catalyze the STEM enterprise and collaboratively work with for inclusive change that results in the STEM workforce that reflects the diversity of the nation. Partnerships and networks are at the heart of this initiative. The partnerships and networks that define NSF Includes are the structure by which projects build a network of partners that are empowered to accomplish together what they could not do individually. The NSF Includes National Network includes five alliances that are currently funded and 70 design and development launch pilot projects, some of whom are here today. It also includes their partners. At present there are over 760 partners that are working with these 75 initiatives. As it expands the national network will also include other NSF funded projects that are working to broaden participation in STEM, as well as industry partners and national centers. So the network is you. Anyone interested in this work can join the network. So I am here representing the NSF Includes Coordination Hub. The hub is funded by NSF as well and we are to serve to connect, enhance and expand the work of the members of the national network. We have only been funded since October of 2018, so we are just getting started. And Westat is one of five or six different organizations that comprise the hub. It is a very large enterprise. A primary role of the hub is to broker connections among network members and across education, industry, government and philanthropy. We accomplish this through multiple means including an online community, affinity groups, resource materials and a series of webinars on a wide range of topics. As this slide shows the coordination hub has established five core areas that are designed to support the national network. The communication work is designed to help members of the national network articulate the impacts of their work to enable a better understanding of the national network's value and progress. As such we are also looking to strengthen the capacity of initiatives to tell their stories and to help them expand their reach and sustain their own efforts. The goal of the hub's research program is to synthesize findings on promising strategies for broadening participation in STEM, for improving STEM equity and achieving and sustaining organizational change. And so doing we hope to advance the knowledge base and catalyze the scaling of what works within NSF includes national network and beyond. The hub seeks and its shared measures work to document the collective contributions of the members of the national network in terms of broadening participation in STEM and STEM careers. We're also working to enhance members capacity to collect and use their own data to inform strategic planning and their own decision making process. The goals of the technical assistance and community engagement work are to support and build a robust community to practice in a wide range of areas. Finally by hosting convenings the hub will bring current and new members of the network together to exchange and share knowledge about best practices. There are multiple ways to access the hub. There's a website that will be coming soon where you can access resources and tools and learn what is happening across the network. We have an online community which is another means of accessing information and engaging in ongoing discussions. We have a social media and newsletter you can follow the hub at NSF includes hub to stay up to date and share news. We have affinity groups which are small curated discussions around specific topics of interest. And then we have conferences where you can meet colleagues and learn and share your work. So to join the online community you can email us at NSFincludes at sri.com. You can also connect with us on Twitter at NSFincludes at NSFincludes hub. But I encourage you to please join the community and I'm here to answer any questions you might have about the NSFincludes program or the coordination hub. Thank you.


The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, EFCC, has tackled the Zamfra estate governor Bello Matawale for alleging that the chairman of the commission, Abdul Rashid Bawa, demanded a $2 million bribe from him. EFCC spokesperson Wilson Uwaja in a statement on Friday night said Matawale cannot be taken seriously because he has no evidence against Bawa. The governor who's under investigation over alleged corruption during an interview with BBC Housa insisted that the chairman of the anti-graft agency could not be trusted.