In today's video, we are going to talk about some interesting facts and myths about the Oriental Bi-Color cat. The Oriental Bi-Color is a mixed breed cat A cross between the American Shorthair and Siamese cat breeds. Social, smart, and curious, these felines inherited some of the best traits from their parents. The Oriental Bi-Color is a top notch choice for a family cat. The mixed breed is exceptionally social and will always want to be around humans in their life. These felines also form great bonds with young children. Just remember that such a friendly and outgoing cat will need a lot of human interaction. This is not a mixed breed that fares well-being left alone for long periods of the day. Here are some of the interesting facts about the Oriental Bi-Color cat, which will give you some further insight into its characteristics and temperament. 1. Oriental Bi-Color's history. Although some experimental breeding took place during the 1970s and 1980s in the UK, including Pat Turner's Seychelloys breeding program, modern-day Oriental Bi-Color's owe their origins to matings initiated in the United States by Linda Jean Grillo. Starting in 1979, Grillo carried out a series of matings between Siamese and Bi-Color to American Shorthair. She then selected the best Bi-Color offspring to mate back to Siamese or Orientals in order to regain type. The variety was granted recognition by Tika in 1983. During the 1980s, European breeders, principally those in France and the Netherlands, initiated their own Oriental Bi-Color breeding lines. A red and white female Moroccan street cat was used as an initial outcross, then later on a black and white Cornish Rex. Further cats were imported from the USA. It was important for breeders to have different lines in order to be able to mate Bi-Color to Bi-Color and obtain a higher proportion of white on the coat, without excessive inbreeding. 5. Granted Championship recognition in 2003 to the Bi-Colored Oriental Shorthairs, and in 2005 to the color point in white cats. These days, you can find Oriental Bi-Colors in shelters or in the care of rescue groups. So make sure to consider adoption if you decide that this is the mixed breed for you. 2. Oriental Bi-Color's appearance The Oriental Bi-Color is a medium-sized cat. As is always the case, exact size standards might vary. One of the first things that you will notice when you look at an Oriental Bi-Color is its pointed or angular face. When you observe these cats from the front, you will notice that they have a triangular face shape, along with an expression that is intelligent and alert. And when observed from the side, the nose of the Oriental Bi-Color should be straight, while the chin is strong and features a level bite. The tip of the cat's nose will line up with the tip of the chin as well. The eyes will slant towards the cat's nose, and they will be oriental in terms of their shape. The ears will be wide at the base, the neck will be slender and long, and the coat will be glossy and sleek. The body, which should be balanced and proportionate throughout, will be slender and long, but the cat will be medium in size overall. The feet and legs will be fine, and the tail will be long, slender, and tapering as well. Most Oriental Bi-Color's weigh in at 8-12 lbs. However, many can be smaller or larger than average. 3. Oriental Bi-Color's personality Oriental Bi-Color is one of the most social cats out there. This distinctive, sleek breed loves to be around humans and bonds equally strongly with older folks and young kids alike. In fact, the cat almost demands to be the center of attention, so be wary of this if you often find yourself away from the home for long periods of time or have to embark on work trips. The Oriental Bi-Color craves human attention. That being said, these are also intelligent cats who will happily entertain themselves by figuring out smart, interactive toys and exploring new nooks and crannies. Providing your feline with a large living space that offers the chance to roam around and check out new areas is essential for this mixed breed. Also be warned that the Oriental Bi-Color is often described as a talkative and communicative cat, so be ready for lots of back and forth conversations. 4. Oriental Bi-Color's temperament and behavior These cats can quickly adapt to their surroundings when taken to a new place. The lovable, social, and friendly Oriental Bi-Color's crave human attention and make a great companion for their owners. They love to snuggle up, often seen clinging to their owners, especially after a day out. Being responsive by nature, they are suitable for those intending to spend quality time interacting with their pets. They are tolerant of the un-fledged behavior of kids and do well with other household pets, including dogs. Although they have a frisky, lively, and playful disposition, these Oriental cats do not always demand playful interaction. Hello. This video is sponsored by Beemix Pets. Are you looking for high-quality cat collars at an affordable cost? Check out BeemixPets.com. Use coupon code KittenLife to get 20% off. 5. Oriental Bi-Color's health concerns Oriental Bi-Color's are generally considered to be healthy cats. Although, they can be predisposed to the same conditions that the American shorthair and Siamese breeds face. As always, it's important to schedule regular wellness visits with your cat's vet. Some of the more common health problems Oriental Bi-Color's suffer from include. Crossed eyes, asthma, and heart disease. 6. Taking care of Oriental Bi-Color's It's important to keep up your Oriental Bi-Color's regular veterinary checkups to detect any health concerns early. Your vet can help you develop a care routine that will keep your cat healthy. Beyond scheduling yearly wellness visits with your vet, make sure that you pick up a scratching post for your Oriental Bi-Color cat's living environment. This can help promote healthy scratching and keep the cat's nails in good condition. This is especially important for a mixed breed like the Oriental Bi-Color who likes to be active and inquisitive. The cat's ears should also be examined regularly for signs of dirt building up or possible infection. Talk to your vet about starting regular teeth brushing regimen that will suit your Oriental Bi-Color. Your vet can advise you about specific brands and techniques. Because the Oriental Bi-Color is a cat with lots of energy, it's recommended that you add a cat tree to your home. 7. Oriental Bi-Color's Coat Color and Grooming The Oriental Bi-Color has a mix of a white base coat with many other colors. Cinnamon, blue and chestnut are all popular combinations. When it comes to grooming, the Oriental Bi-Color is a low-shedder and only really needs brushing once a week. This will help ward off mats and keep the coat in good condition. Just be sure to groom gently as the mixed breed has a thin coat. In terms of climate, most Oriental Bi-Color cats are adaptable, but they prefer a slightly warmer living environment. You should also always make sure that there are enough shade and fresh water available during the hotter months. 8. Oriental Bi-Color's Training There is no exclusive training method that should be adopted for your Oriental cat. Like most breeds, proper housebreaking and obedience training will help the kittens learn the basic rules of living in a human family. 9. Oriental Bi-Color's Diet Raw meat is a primary source of protein can be included in your cat's diet. You can also provide commercial cat foods including dry kibble, fresh vegetables and fruits such as cantaloupe, corn, or broccoli make good treats but make sure that you offer them occasionally. 10. Oriental Bi-Color's to Children and Other Pets The Oriental Bi-Color gets along really well with young kids. Just make sure that early socialization takes place and boundaries are properly set on both sides. Supervise early interactions between kids and cats. When it comes to other household pets, the good-natured Oriental Bi-Color usually fares well with many domestic animals. But always remember to supervise early interactions between the new cat and existing pets as well. Sometimes these relationships are very much dependent on the individual pet's personalities. Early socialization really pays off with this mixed breed. Make sure to reward your Oriental Bi-Color for good behavior when you bring them home to your family. If you enjoyed this video, kindly press the like button. Also don't forget to subscribe with notifications on, so that you don't miss out on videos like this. Thank you for watching.


Hello everybody, and welcome to Shaping Davos. Today we're talking about public service and millennials closing the generational gap. We have two panelists joining us to discuss this, and so we can get our experts in their fields and they're going to tell us a little bit about how we can make the public sector more attractive to millennials who are finding it hard to trust the public sector at the moment. With us we have Scott Bryson, the President of the Treasury Board and Cabinet Minister of Canada. Welcome. Delighted to be here with you. Mr. Bryson, thank you for being here today. Great to be here. And of course Paolo Gallo, the Chief Human Resources Officer, the World Economic Forum, and a transformation coach as well. Thank you for being with us. Pleasure. We are also joined by four hubs from across the globe. We have with us Subbu Kalpathi, Lead Consultant, People Business. Joining us from the Mumbai Hub, welcome Subbu. Thank you. Thanks a lot. Dennis Gersky from Kiev, an Open Data Advisor to the Prime Minister of Ukraine. Thank you for joining us, Dennis. Thank you for inviting me here. And Gilberto Mirando from Monterey, Political Scientist and Consultant joining us. Thank you for being here. Hello. Glad to be here. Just a special note. We were supposed to be joined by the Tunis Hub from Tunisia, but there was an unfortunate tragic accident and they lost one of their members just two days ago. This is in memory of Hiba Safi. She was working on this session from Tunis, and this session is in a way sort of for her memory and the effort that she has put. We want to thank, of course, Laurent Javaudin from Lyon for joining us on such short notice and accepting to fill in the shoes of the Tunis Hub. Thank you so much. Laurent is an investor and former international civil servant and diplomat from Lyon. Thank you for joining us. You're welcome. Thank you. We live in a world where millennials have access to social media networks. They're increasingly becoming entrepreneurs and they're constantly looking for a brighter future. The public sector can seem like a bleak place for them to take part in, but they're constantly reading the public sector as least adapted to their current needs and future expectations. However, I came across an article when I was researching for this during conducting my research for this specific session. An article titled, Millennials Are Attracted to Public Service, But Government Needs to Deliver. It was written by John Flado and Bob Lavigne, both experts in career consulting, and they were quoting a universal, a global employer branding and research company which annually surveys college students, college undergraduate and MBA students, and the results and the polling results that they found were actually pretty impressive. They found that a survey head found out that 49% of students out of 65,000 surveyed said they were dedicated to a cause that made them feel they were serving a greater good when looking for a job. 57% of them said they were looking for job security, and 62% of them said they were looking for a work-life balance. Now these were the top three answers and it's a little bit about what the public sector is about and what it tends to offer. So there is an interest in the public sector and we're here today to see how can it attract the best and the brightest of these future generations. And we're going to start with you, Mr. Scott Bryson. Can you tell us today what you think are the main challenges for the public sector? Well, first of all, in some ways, my job is a little easier since October 19th because on October 19th we had an election in Canada when Justin Trudeau became Prime Minister and one of the reasons why he was elected Prime Minister is across Canada he was able to engage young people. Never before had a Canadian political party gone from third place to first place in one election. And over a period of years, both in terms of his leadership campaign and in terms of the national campaign, he was successful in attracting some of the best and brightest young Canadians to his campaign. And since then, in appointing his cabinet, he appointed the most diverse cabinet in Canadian history, Gender Parity, the first cabinet with Gender Parity. We have a 30-year-old Minister of International Development, Maryam Monsef, who actually came to Canada as an Afghani refugee who is now on the Cabinet Committee on which I serve for Syrian refugee process. It is a very compelling story we offer in Canada today about a Prime Minister who is ambitious to transform the public service to make it more attractive for young people. We have, as do a lot of governments today, we have a demographic reality where more people are retiring from the public service than are joining. And we have what is the most educated, informed, and globally connected generation of young people who are somewhat skeptical about public service. We recognize we need to change elements of the public service. For instance, I mean, what is Google doing? The Google headquarters just opened in Canada. There are new Google headquarters. If you walk into a Google headquarters, it looks slightly different than if you walk into most government offices. In terms of flexibility of work, in terms of work-life balance, in terms of innovation, I was talking to some public servants earlier today here in Davos, some Canadian public servants who are telling me that the public service is too hierarchical that we have to actually change the way we make decisions, that we have to become more creative, that we have to adapt more technologically. We can change fundamentally a lot of elements of the public service, but what is really clear to me is that, well, young people can make a difference in the future of the world in an NGO. The same smart, talented, idealistic young person can actually make a bigger difference in government if government gives them the tools to do that. So we have to make some changes, but young people have to also be open to the fact that you can really move the needle in terms of global progress in government. All right, thank you for that. Mr. Paolo Ghello, what do you think are the main challenges today for the public sector in attracting millennials? Sure. Well, there are many, for sure, and perhaps it's a bit of a background. A couple of numbers. 50% of the population of the world have less than 27 years old. Two people at school, kids at school, have a 10-year-old daughter, and there is 60% of chance it's going to do a job that right now doesn't exist. Whatever we're doing right now in 30 years in terms of a metier profession, jobs will not exist anymore. So we need to also to grasp that whatever we're doing now is going to be completely different sometimes in the future. Second, the theme of these annual meetings, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, help us to grasp the magnitude of the changes. But I really wonder if, in terms of people management, starting from the millennium, we have evolved our thinking, our practices, and our mental models to something that is applicable. Are we still using the terrorism that was invented after the First Industrial Revolution? And just to give maybe some examples, and Scott mentioned a few seconds ago, we still anchor the idea that you have to be 9 to 5 in a working contest. And then the question, does this apply, does this is appealable to millennials? The second one is we tell them what to do. So fundamentally, a cascading down objective to say I'm telling you what to do and you've got to do it, and your career depends on this. The third one, career based on seniority. Really? I mean maybe millennials want to explore different methodology to progress. Object is imposed by, from above, really maybe I need to find out a sense of purpose that applies to me as an individual. So my point is fundamentally, or another one that Scott just mentioned, is a diversity. Diversity is not a quota, it's not a political slogan. It's what we became as humanity. Countries and organizations are doing beautifully. Some don't, and some even go in the opposite direction. So then the question is perhaps to revise some of the mental models or some of the assumptions that we've used since the first industrial revolution and by doing this we'll probably be able to attract millennials that currently are a bit skeptical despite in my view a very strong interest to participate for a purpose bigger than that. There's an interest, right? Absolutely yes, absolutely yes. Just to speak to that interest, one of the things that Prime Minister Trudeau did upon becoming Prime Minister was reach out and ask for CVs from young people interested in public service to join our offices. We received over 20,000 CVs. Young people, in some cases, road scholars and Fulbright scholars and all like just hyper bright talented young people who wanted to get involved and help build a better country and want to help Canada play a more important and progressive role in the world stage. That was reassuring. I think the world economic form itself, actually my experience with young people who work with the forum, I think the world economic form is actually doing a good job of attracting bright young people to its work. I was going to say this is part of shaping Davos and a lot of people involved here, including myself, are global shapers and it was part of Mr. Schwab's initiative to try to get younger people in and I think it's very much what you said about the new cabinet that took place in Canada with Mr. Trudeau coming into government. Him himself being somebody who is going to attract millennials and offering open ideas and people from different races and ethnic backgrounds. And if you look at the mandate, he's committed to open government and open by default, which is something that for millennials I think is something that's very important. Among other things, our mandate letters as cabinet ministers were made public. The public can monitor and hold us to account. One of the things that he's prime minister, he's also minister of youth and he's taking that on personally because he views it as a really important objective for his government and for him personally to re-engage young Canadians in building a better country. Thank you for that. I'm going to ask our audience who's watching this session to please engage in social media. You can engage in this discussion via the hashtag shaping talent. That's hashtag shaping talent. We just got a tweet from Mayuri Bhattasharki. She's one of the Mumbai shapers and she said that millennials want to work in public sector in India for example but corruption discourages them and that's another problem with governance. We're going to get back to that in a couple of minutes. I'd like to turn our attention to our hub speakers. Just to remind you, you each have two minutes to discuss and to tell me what you think are the challenges of the public sector. We can start with you, Mr. Roberto Miranda from Monterey. First, I think it's not only a generational debate, but a political culture debate that we should be having. I would like to share with you a couple of studies in the Mexican context of course that are very sensitive in this matter. The first is the quality of citizenship study by the National Electoral Institute and the Mexican College where it says that 90% of the Mexicans have never engaged in any public or social activity whatsoever. And that's not only a political party. That means an NGO, that means a community association, that means helping in the school of your children. Most of them just don't participate and so there's no real link with your collective context. Another figure that I found very surprising is that 50% of Mexicans believe that politicians doesn't care or would never care for people like them, so they don't see that connection. And 70% of the people think they can trust each other as citizens and much less the government. And the second factor is the absolute predominance of the spoiled systems in Mexico. A recent study of the National Auditing Service of the federal government found that only 6% of all public servants at the federal level come through a professional or merit system. The other 94% is absolute predominance of the spoiled system. That means that they get their jobs as a favor, as a loyalty to have participated or supported a political party or candidate. So there's no door for the millennials to enter the public sector unless it is the political traditional one but not the merit system. And I think those two factors are making very unattractive to young Mexicans in the public sector as an opportunity. And I would say it's a gap made of disappointment, distrust and lack of opportunities. Thank you, Alberto. Thank you for that comment. We had just received another tweet from Miss Monique Vila. She said, we should invite entrepreneurs and innovators to remake the public sector. Dennis, I'm going to turn it to you in Kiev. You know, you've just heard two esteemed panelists speak. You've heard Alberto speak. What do you have to say in terms of what you think the challenges are over the public sector? Well, it seems that Ukraine is an exception these days because the conditions of political situation around Ukraine are very famous around the world. And somehow we have become the testing ground in the government and in politics. So it seems like there are a couple of reasons why people are especially young people, millennials, I have certain barriers of entering the army of government officials. First of all, it seems like the conditions are very aggressive. There is no financial compensation which might be compared to market conditions. We, of course, have a civil service reform and somehow it leads to creating a special fund which will compensate government officials based on international donors or some other sources. There is no culture of sharing among government officials of the previous generations and this creates a lot of moral barriers for young people to come from NGO sector or from business to serve the government. For example, I am coming from NGO sector and I absolutely agree with the previous speaker, Mr. Scott Bryson, that NGOs these days create tremendous opportunities to do great change. So somehow you feel that you have this opportunity in the government but at the same time there are a lot of barriers and you basically struggle to get through them instead of doing things. It also seems that the social attractiveness of government work is because it requires people to have the skill set of achievers and basically those who want to go through big challenges. Somehow when you are in the NGO you can take a lower part or lower engagement in solving big problems. You just become one of several people but when you are in the government especially in Ukraine, usually you are in the position when you are the last stand or the last person who can actually solve the problem or make some change and this creates a very high pressure and very high possibility. Right, Dennis. Thank you for that. Subu in Mumbai, what are your comments? Yes, so the discussion here in Mumbai was very much in line with some of the points that we discussed earlier which is that the millennial generation wants to make an impact and wants to seek a sense of purpose in what we do and what is the public sector equipped enough to take them in. I think that was the core of the discussion. Certain challenges that were identified was one was perceptive which is that traditionally the public sector and public services at large have been construed as to political and bureaucratic and is that a place where millennials can make a career. That was number one. The other was the urban-rural divide that exists so for an urban millennial what are the challenges that could exist and the entry barriers might be a little on the tougher side for millennials to get into the public sector. So lots of examinations, lots of paperwork so how could the government make it really easier for millennials to get in especially given that they want to make a difference and they seek a sense of purpose so how can that be accomplished is what the discussion reported on. Thank you. Thank you for that. Laurent, we're finishing with you from Lyon. You've heard everybody talk. What do you have to say? Well, I think what I would like to share with the panel is actually yet another tale of French exception in the sense that France provides a useful counterfactual for the debate we are having. Let me back that with some figures. According to a recent poll there is a very interesting event split amongst millennials in three thirds and one third of the millennials actually wish to work for the civil service then another third would like to just be an employee in the private sector and the last third they would like to be self-employed or create their own start-up. So if you zoom in on this one third of the millennials in France who would like to work for the civil service I think you can find two main drivers. The first one is the sense of the mission and frankly the prestige of the function. France has a strong tradition of centralized state and a high flying carrier pass in the administrative sector. The second driver is actually the not so good news that's job security that betrays the situation where you have a country with years and years of very slow small growth and high unemployment so the little takeaway from Lyon on this round would be that definitely if you don't have enough young people in the service you have a problem but on the other hand if you have too many that's maybe not desirable so there is a sort of a fine balancing act to strike on this question. Alright, thank you so much Laurent what we can take away from what our speakers have said our esteemed speakers as well as our hub members is that there seems to be a strong consensus except for the little exception in France and perhaps in Ukraine that there is corruption government is too political government reform is needed and we just received another tweet from the Mumbai Global Shaper saying governments can perhaps think of bringing down the age in every department so that it does become millennial friendly we're going to move to perhaps presenting solutions on how we can engage millennials in municipal, state and national level and national levels in public sector what do you think we can do what do you think the solutions are Mr. Bryson? What we're hearing is that if we're going to attract millennials to public service public service has to become less bureaucratic more meritocratic less partisan more transparent and more open and I think if you asked any citizen of any country regardless of age they would view these as good objectives it's particularly important for millennials and I come back to the point that it's clear that a smart millennial can make a big difference in an NGO but I doubt in most cases every leading an NGO can do quite as much as a 30 year old cabinet minister like Maryam Monsef in our cabinet who is actually making cabinet level decisions on the future of the country NGOs will come to cabinet ministers they'll come to members of parliament they will pitch us but at the end of the day in a democratic country the decisions are still made by people that aspire to lead so I think that there's a case we can make fervently to millennials and maybe one of the things we should do is make it easier for people to go from NGOs into the public service for periods of time and to go back to the NGO community how can we do that Mr. Bryson what is a solution I think we can just do it I mean if an NGO comes to see me with an idea as a cabinet minister we can do two things we can bring a team of public servants around and listen to the person and seek to do it or we can say to them look can you come in as an advisor to us for a period of time you know we should be able to do that young people who are engaged as entrepreneurs to be able to bring them into government for periods of time I can remember a few years ago in Davos we were here we were at a session with Bill Melinda Gates and he said look I'm graduating I'm interested in what I'm going to do what kind of career path do you suggest to an early 20s bright person who wants to make a difference and Bill Gates said I used to tell people of your age and education you should go into either business or science but he said I'm telling young people now they should actually go into government we need really bright talented people in government and he said that since and Melinda started getting involved in the developing world he learned the importance of good government and it's not just that a smart person in government can make a really positive difference but somebody who's dumb or corrupt or both can really screw things up and so the point is at the end of the day governments make important decisions and the complexity of decisions today is greater than it's ever been in the history of government or democracy now more than ever at any point in our history we need bright talented people in government and we also have the most talented most educated and most globally connected generation so it seems pretty obvious to me that we need to find ways to bring millennials into this key decision making roles in government thank you for that we're receiving tweets people are enjoying this discussion we just received a tweet from Mayuri that's a Sharji she's saying millennials should get a chance to interact with honest public service officers to know more about challenges and find inspiration and this goes back to what you were saying when we mentioned honest we're talking transparency openness and an ability to foster trust and on that note I'm going to ask you Mr.Galo what do you think how do you think we can present solutions on how we can define career paths that would lead to the to public service I don't know if I have a solution but I have maybe some questions that could be helpful for the debate the first one is just a little story I used to work for the World Bank in the public sector reform unit so I've been working with the public sector reformer at the World Bank for many years and because of this I've traveled in different countries and I work a lot in Cambodia in Ethiopia and what struck me there wasn't the lack of strategy intellectual thinking or at times even funding it's really the lack of people to deliver and it was absolutely phenomenal I remember in Ethiopia the Minister of Health they just didn't get anybody because people used to come and I hope it doesn't seem like a belligerent statement to Canada to the United States to Europe because the study was 20-30 times more so one dimension is to say how do you retain people in their countries in order to provide the value that they have second I come from a country where there is a word that means raccomandato raccomandato is somebody that gets a job because of what our friend in Mexico has shared because he knows somebody I didn't know the statistics in Mexico for 94% which is somewhere between surreal and scary and I don't know any statistics in Italy but it's still a habit when I was head of human resources in a company in Italy I simply put a policy that if you are a raccomandato you automatically disqualify it and so that's fundamentally removed the power of people to manipulate the system and to appoint unqualified people to the expense of qualified people the third example as we have a Shaper from Lyon I really believe that how many countries they have universities that form and prepare public servant to an extent that is needed and frankly I don't know many Canada is one of them, France is one of them they have the called the nationality administration and if you look at who studied there, who passed through there you see every minister prime minister central bank come from there in many countries you don't know where you actually are going to start your journey and this is to me something that in my view needs to be fixed which is we already mentioned in some of the Shapers I've mentioned before I talk about mentor mods but can you really go back to basic and what I mean by this is what millennials wants, what human being wants is autonomy they don't want somebody to control them two, sense of purpose we are purpose seekers we are not profit makers we are purpose seekers three, mastery, the capacity by doing what you're doing and you want to have this sense and last sense of fairness that the system is fair with you which is different than trying to make more money Thank you for that you raised a very interesting point here about how Canada and France both very happy with the public sector in their comments there is a way to actually engage at an early stage millennials in the public sector that could be very much part of the solution on that note I don't want to create the impression that we've got it all figured out No, it's not what I said I mean I'm telling a story where we're changing things and it's going to be better and we have a great professional public service in Canada we are really well served by an excellent public service but we have a lot of work to do in terms of engaging millennials more fully in terms of transforming our public service to be more open, more accountable more transparent less partisan and something that Joubertot said about the partisanship and the patronage side of things that there's a feeling that you have to work for a particular political party to get a job in Canada our senate is appointed and I don't think I'm broaching any big state secrets here but in the past the senate has been typically appointed based on political service and merit but politics and being part of a political party was seen as a path to becoming a senator today our prime minister has announced a new process of senate appointments which is based on merit which has attracted some very bright eminent Canadians who will actually participate in choosing senators based on merit not on partisanship but on merit and that's a big step in my country and it is representative and emblematic of where we're going to go as a government in terms of merit not just partisanship Thank you for that Joubertot he was you've heard what are two Mr. Gallo and Mr. Gallo were saying can you tell us how you think we can engage millennials in municipal, state and national level employment in public sector Sure I'm very glad Mr. Gallo mentioned the Ecole Nationale de l'Institution because I was going to say just that we need institutions that assure us that merit can be rewarded the first thing I think in the Mexican and I think Latin American context would be to confront the spoil system and work in institutionalizing a real merit system making not only fair attractive for young people to enter the government and number two I think governments need to bet on innovation there's a very interesting book by Professor Edward Blazer of Harvard it's called The Triumph of the City and it's on the urban agenda but I think the principle is very much the same he's saying successful places have in common the ability to attract people and enable them to collaborate I think that's the very same principle governments must follow if they want to engage millennials and the third thing I think we need to understand they have a deeper issue here a major strut in public institutions and a little connection of many millennials with their own context and communities I would like to share with you a quote from Professor E. Colfman of White historian of the 20th century and he said the destruction of the past or rather the social mechanisms that link one's contemporary experience to that of earlier generations one of the more characteristic and eerie phenomena of the late 20th century most young men and women at the century said grow up in sort of a permanent present lacking any organic relation to the public past of the times they live in and I think this organic relation with the past with who you are why your society is the way it is and the will to change it what Mr. Gallo was saying of a sense of purpose I think is a deeper issue we need to be working on to promote and motivate millennials to understand the role they could have in the future Thank you for that Gilberto It is, this whole discussion is we just before I get to you Dennis we just actually received a tweet from Alina Opanasenko she was saying as it is discussed in Kiev in the shaping town session there's a gap not in terms of millennials but in terms of new thinkers so could you please tell us how would you think we could redesign career paths in public service Well in my experience it seems like it's crucial to increase the commitment of new coming people to the maximum well as far as I can see in Ukraine it's by creating the privilege of serving to the government it seems like many people were volunteering to the government itself when the revolution was here but right now those people who definitely know different pains and are experts in different areas want to deliver painkillers in the areas where they fill these pains and that's why this should be the project based selection volunteers or new millennials are usually thinking in terms of their project they are not thinking in terms of the government as a whole they just see certain pain and want basically to solve it so let them bring their own projects to the government set the highest responsibility possible and basically let them start from big having more authority than advisor volunteers or simply volunteers have and this seems to be the approach that works here a lot of projects are ruled by project managers who are coming from civic society or business and they become volunteers then they become government officials but they are responsible for only one or two projects that they are very special at thank you for that Subbu do you have an idea on how to close this generational disconnect we are talking about all these generational gaps do you have any comments on that yeah so the discussion that we had here in Mumbai a while ago you know was on the fact that perhaps that might not be so much of a generational disconnect in the sense that millennials probably want a lot of what other generations also want in the sense that autonomy mastery and a sense of purpose is something that everybody connects with right so it becomes that much better for all generations and not just for the millennials so keeping that perspective in mind can we look at redesigning career paths can we look at bringing in more role clarity can we really look at driving greater engagement in the public sector is something that would be interesting to note and to also talk about it I think the other point is very specific to the career track is that just to add on to my point is that millennials also seek a lot of learning and growth which they find in private sector and entrepreneurial domains so how could governments look at redesigning some of those career tracks and also look at shorter career tracks loyalty is something that millennials are not attracted to in the longer run how do you ensure that there are shorter projects for them to be able to accomplish and bring impact working on basically all right Laurent do you want to add to that yeah sure all the months saw because I was myself a civil servant for 10 years and then I had to live so in two minutes let me give you two ideas about how to close this generational disconnect the first one to think about the entrance exam to the civil service in France it's a completely blind exam so that's really great in terms of fairness in terms of merit also in terms of diversity because you can really join regardless of your background and that's really great the problem is let's say the barrier to entry is so high that once you're in it's very tempting to stay and it becomes like an iron cage and it really takes some nerves to really decide I'm living so I really agree with Sugu that a new career tries that's probably the way to go and bring more flexibility as minister Reza was mentioning second idea I think that the millennials know a lot more on the forced industrial revolution than many many of the civil servants so we need to find a way to take them on board when I think of my shapers frankly they know much more about decentralized decision systems about peer-to-peer learning about the blockchain and the bitcoin and government will need these competencies so somehow we need to figure out a way to take them on board really I think job descriptions will have to be rewrote completely reverse mentoring might be a solution I need that for you just before we move to our round three where the hub speakers get to ask you questions I wanted to give each one of you a minute to perhaps respond to what they've been saying they've been talking about these old-fashioned entrance exams and schools for thoughts in order to train millennials at a younger age we also just got a tweet not the boxer saying there's always talk about including millennial and young people but those hiring the government bypass educated and inexperienced youth well first of all you're not making it easy for Paolo and me because you keep referring to me as Mr. Bryson and him as Mr. Gallo and you keep referring to our friends you make us feel very old here our capacity to connect it's very ageist I'm trying to keep it in there you're doing a fantastic job by the way one of the things we may want to think about and I'd be interested in what Dennis and Laurent and Xubu and Gilberto may think of this and I'm going to put Paolo on the spot here the WEF does a really good job of enabling young global shapers of engaging young people in a very constructive way maybe we should look at and the WEF could look at working with some governments perhaps the Canadian government I'm just saying in terms of internships within government to enable young global shapers to actually take periods to come into government as interns to identify areas of interest in parliament we have parliamentary intern programs and some of the most impressive Canadians and in fact global interns in fact I've had interns from Ukraine as an example work in my office over the years we have had exceptional young people from around the world as interns work in the Canadian parliament and I've had the privilege of working with some of them but we ought to look at some sort of internship program working with the WEF to give young global shapers or to give global shapers an opportunity to actually work within government in key areas to learn it's not easy to make a difference in government if you're in an NGO and you're doing one thing and you're focusing on one thing it's a little easier what you find in government is there's all kinds of unintended consequences there's all kinds of barriers to change maybe in government you can help us bring down some of those barriers and we can help you in some ways understand the complexity of government because it's really important that you have a role in helping shape it that's just an idea that may make sense I'm happy to contribute on this one now perhaps two quick points the first one is about mentality and the second one is actually looking at what we're already doing mentality I've been able to go around the globe to present to my organization work in different places before and basically the mantra was if you're very smart at university you end up at McKinsey, Goldman Sachs EFOK you're gonna end up in some local company if you're not that smart you're gonna be in the public sector so except France where again it's not that I'm not French but this country actually and even in England end up in the public sector in the central bank or whatever is actually the pinnacle of your career so we also have to contribute to a different narrative and these are the leaders that contribute to a different narrative here there are many leaders second look at the global shapers my colleagues know that I absolutely love these guys for different reasons there are 5,000 of them 450 hubs, fantastic second for the teaching that we get from them in a let me tell you what I mean by this one do they do we pay them for doing what they're doing no we don't do we tell them what they have to do no they don't do we control what they're doing no we don't do we have the managers or human resources monitoring performance and compensation no they don't and guess what this is a phenomenal community that is measuring based on an idea of professor Schwab 5 years ago because these people have understood the purpose and they put so much energy integrity and passion in what they're doing despite these all these guys they have something else to do they have something else to do so to me this lesson from the shapers is not about the impact they have on the local community which is phenomenal but also the teaching that us as a predictionist and whatever professor should probably take take really seriously and try to propagate in other organizations thank you for that you raised a lot of very good points we're going to turn it to our hub speakers Dennis you were smiling oh so joyfully as Mr. Bryson was talking do you want to go first Scott and Paolo Dennis we've got Scott Bryson and Paolo Gallo here in 30 seconds because we have to move to the other shapers who do you want to ask a question to and what is your question so a quick remark and the question is Mr. Scott Bryson so maybe it's just an interesting situation but at the same time I've met a group of very keen and talented Ukrainian diaspora from Canada I guess a couple of weeks ago and what they offered is basically to boost the government of Ukraine by setting up the global contest for basically Ukrainian diaspora people from around the world to basically urinate with their native country and come back and help the government to rebuild the trust of the society basically it could be used vice versa because maybe some Ukrainians would like to have an internship abroad and basically use the experience that they have here and I'm not quite sure but maybe it requires an effort to take it to another level if there is a certain political will maybe it makes sense to basically create this talent bridge between Canada and Ukraine and help people to connect at least at the middle level of the government just to exchange certain experience I really like that idea Dennis and in fact I'd like to have a conversation with my cabinet colleague Kristia Freeland who's a Ukrainian Canadian who is Minister of Trade in our government she also was a YGL in the past in fact I'm one of two YGLs former YGLs we're too old to be YGLs now we're OGLs or something like that but but Kristia is a leader in our cabinet and certainly on Ukraine issues is really important we also have Marianne Mihaičak who's another Ukrainian Canadian who's a member of our cabinet who's Minister of Labour we ought to continue this discussion and I'm sure YMNA can help with the wealth can help connect us after but that makes some sense we've got so many tweets coming in from the Mumbai Global Shapers the last one that came in basically saying that millennials really value the opportunity for impact and what better than the public services we agree absolutely and in fact I have several cabinet ministers in our government who are Indo-Canadians who are very important senior members of our cabinet in fact my Chief of Staff who's sitting with us today is a part of that community as well so we have just a strong community of Indo-Canadians who are making the future of Canada as well thank you Helperto in 30 seconds what is your question to our panelists sure I think it will be very precise how governments can benefit from marriage and I also believe this should become a strong public narrative because what they lose in the spoil system they can gain politically with better functioning governments the public opinion would feel that but I think what would be for you the main benefits from marriage to build this public narrative who is your question addressed to both Helperto you're asking about marriage and one of the things that when we talk about diversity in government we talk about diversity in terms of it being good for the groups represented for instance people say we need more women in senior leadership roles and they say it's good for women as an example I actually think that's the wrong argument and I think diversity in and of itself is good for better decisions this is my second time in a cabinet I served in a cabinet 10 years ago before our government was defeated and during that time I remember at cabinet women brought a different perspective to decision making and it rendered better decisions having women at the table now that I'm at in a cabinet where we have gender parity and we have so much diversity I find the perspective from a minister representing a totally different background than mine is really valuable and having the diversity of opinions and backgrounds in a decision making setting creates better decisions so I think that is inherently merit so diversity and merit go hand in hand and more diverse organizations are inherently in my view more meritorious it's not a question of in the past where quotas almost were seen as being counter meritocratic I actually think in today's context there's a lot of there's a lot of diverse meritocratic voices who need to be part of decision making Gilberto in just 5 seconds I also believe that we have to play a fair game with the players and what I mean by this is the following the investment per child in US, in Canada in Europe, most of the country in Europe in this 14 to 15 years school period per child in Africa is $100 so in a way if we want to open up to the millennials it's not only about the schooling system but policy makers with the finance minister should probably sit down and think seriously about the investment that they do or they don't do in certain countries some countries are spectacularly doing well Canada is number 2 or 3 on this kind of issues but most of the country that I have the opportunity to work with in my past experience, the bit about the millennia doesn't even start because these people do not have the chance to be a millennia One of the challenges and opportunities we have in Canada is that our youngest and fastest growing population in Canada are indigenous peoples and indigenous youth it is also a population that is the most economically and socially disenfranchised so one of the challenges and opportunities our government has is to change that it is going to take time and we are going to invest in education we are going to invest in young people and we are going to try to close that gap because if the fastest growing and youngest population in Canada has an opportunity to enter the workforce with the skills they need to compete and succeed that would be good economically if they don't that is and socially disastrous so one of the things we want to do as a government is a better job of giving young indigenous Canadians an opportunity to play a serious role in shaping the future of our country our justice minister in our cabinet is an indigenous woman as an example and we have also our fisheries minister and again this is an opportunity our cabinet looks like Canada and the degree to which decision making bodies can look like the people being represented and reflect their values, their interests and their backgrounds I think can make a real difference thank you for that we are closing in on time so I just want to keep going Subu just a quick note there should be an award for the Mumbai global shapers for the record number of tweets in an hour so you'll thank them on our behalf do you have a in 30 seconds because we're running out of time do you have a question for our panellists any one of our panellists yes I do have one question which is that you know India is at a unique point in its evolution in the sense that we are digitally shaping up as a country I think across because we are so diverse as a nation there are lots of rural communities today and are connected through broadband given that reality because you know that part of the shift is happening much faster and it will happen much quicker in the future, in the near future any thoughts on how the participation from citizens could be activated at the municipal state or the central levels any thoughts either of the speakers could contribute here very briefly a lot of organizations have the same issues they tend to solve the problem by having the people selecting the very same people that want to enter into the system so as long as you have let's say 55 years old all of them dress like me right now incidentally taking the decision you would not get the inclusiveness that you need to have so you have to dismantle the system and have the very same people that you need to bring in taking the decision to get there so when you change this recruitment system and when you change the selection criteria you will actually get a better system otherwise you just play with processes you don't get results thank you on that let's just take one last question Laurent the last question is yours 30 seconds yes a very quick one I would like to circle up with the theme of the annual meeting the fourth industrial revolution and we know that more and more high qualified jobs are at stake artificial intelligence and even jobs as lawyers will be destroyed probably and I just wanted to ask the panellists what they think will happen with the jobs in the civil service and the needs for human resources in the future in this line in the functions related to sovereign states well you've asked a question it's hard to the rapidity of change today is such that all of us are challenged in understanding exactly what the impacts will be but one thing is clear that throughout people's careers and life cycles they will need to be skilled and will need to get more skills and to change their skills throughout their career and life cycle that's something that we need to do a better job within government to grow within government to leave government to come back to government at a time there's a lot of challenges economically globally right now and there's very high levels of youth unemployment and underemployment in a lot of our countries at the same time we need smart decision makers and drivers of change within government and it strikes me that this makes a lot of sense to have this conversation right now and to create the changes that can give young people millennials an opportunity to enter government and to be drivers of change and I would hope that the four of you and all the other millennials who are participating in this would engage we can have this as a longer conversation that the WEF can help sponsor and make happen but I really think this is an incredibly important issue to the future success of our governments and our countries and the countries that get this right are going to really succeed in a big way in terms of building a better future for their citizens and shaping a better future for the world I'll be totally biased I want Canada to be one of those countries I want Canada to lead the charge on this and so does my Prime Minister Justin Trudeau so I'm going to be making a pitch to millennials from around the world to work with our government and to work with their governments to be vehicles of positive change and to shape a brighter future all right well thank you so much for that Scott Bryson and Paolo Gallo our hub speakers Alberto from Monterey Dennis from Kiev Subu from Mumbai and Laurent from Mignon thank you so much for joining in and thank you to our audience and to the people watching us across the globe thank you for tuning in we hope you enjoyed the session of shaping Davos and on that note this brings our session to a close thanks so much thank you


good morning everyone we are here today for a really quick version of telling the full story about using use cases and user stories my name is Lauren Kelly I'm a senior engagement manager at Pantheon systems I lead the Pantheon migrations team this is actually more drawn from my experience as a developer than it is from my experience currently at Pantheon so a lot of this is more of information that was drawn from my past then what I'm currently doing so I'm gonna go through this pretty quickly this is usually a much longer deck I've trimmed it down but covering a couple things one is a quick introduction to user stories a quick introduction to use cases bringing it all together and then I really prefer to have a kind of discussion about what people are using what's working for them and things like that so if we can and with that that would be amazing so first up user stories so I think we're all very familiar with user stories as a user role I want to do something so that some value is achieved so for example here we've got as a content editor I want to associate images with events so the correct image is used for an event right so they're not mismatched really that seems like really basic and easy the question is is that something you could actually deliver with confidence does it have enough information is everything there that you would actually need to do to put that in place for your project so there's certain benefits to user stories one on this planning the work within the user story can be estimated reliably used for sprint planning right so if we go back to this example here where we're talking about a content editor you say okay we could this doesn't really have the scope defined this is actually a really weak example with just these three pieces here but we could refine this we could scope it we could work with this and get a good estimate and put it in a sprint and know that that work was going to be done it is also makes it really easy to collect information from non-technical stakeholders because it's kind of written in plain English right you can it's a little awkward it's still did but it's very it's like just how you would normally say hey I want this I want to be able to do this okay why do you want to be able to do this well because you know and you get that information right it also allows the team who's working on the stories to stay focused when you've got a task in front of you a user story in front of you you know this is what you need to work on this needs to be completed and you can do it however there's also limitations to using user stories they're really only meant to be used for sprint development they're meant to be developed for that specific task of estimating work for a sprint putting it in there and moves through the stages of the sprint and then discard it they're not meant to be a permanent resource for the project documentation the other limitation which I kind of hinted at before is that if the team is inconsistent in meeting requirements for the user stories they allow for scope creep so in that example that we had about the content manager you know working with the images and things it doesn't define like what content types are we talking about of you know are there multiple event types are there multiple image types is it a field anything like that are they being are they being tagged or how are they being you know there's no scope in there or anything like that that could grow into a huge story or it could just be a really basic one and you don't really know that you can't really deliver that one with confidence and my biggest complaint about using user stories and this is one that I saw all the time when I was working in agencies was they're very narrow-sighted it's extremely easy to slip into using user stories as a checklist to be completed and you know when you deliver this without ever looking at the big picture there were multiple projects I was on that I would be running through I'd be kind of inherit projects and I think we've all done that and it's always been interesting you would see the stories listed in the done column of whichever you know management system you're using and you'd look at this the go into the site and look at it and work on it and you'd see that it's completely unusable by the end user like there it was too complicated they had to go through 14 steps to do something that was incredibly basic all these issues because nobody looked at the big picture and they were just delivering by checklists of user stories so that's how you create a monster site in my mind if you're building piece by piece that looking at the system as a whole you get all these pieces added on somebody comes in they say hey I want this functionality I want this functionality it's added on without any thought about how it affects the rest of the site how it affects the users using the site and all these things like that so that's where we bring in use cases so if we back up a little bit if you consider each project a novel or a movie or a story you know if you consider it as a whole entire thing imagine if you didn't know all the characters and their storylines if you had to rewrite an entire section of a website which is what we're asking developers to do if they don't have the big picture every time you introduce a new character in there every time you come in and you know Frodo walks in and out of a scene or anything like that or Gandalf is here or there you every time they have a new interaction if you didn't know that that was coming up in the future you'd have to rewrite everything to make that work we want to avoid that so use cases provide the storyline they tell you who will be doing what and when and where they'll be doing those things in the in the big picture so a use case consists of multiple pieces of documentation there's a diagram that displays all the interactions between the actors and the systems so part of what I cut out of this to keep it a little bit shorter is the discussion about personas if you consider when you're doing a project if you create a persona as your actor who's doing things it's like creating a Dungeons and Dragons character for your projects that's the fun part for me but then you're basically saying okay what is this character going to be doing what is this actor gonna be doing and we create diagrams that say everything that the the actor is going to be doing and then you create a list for each of those actions for each of those interactions you create a list that has the step-by-step list of all the steps step-by-step all steps their alternative steps like what you want what path you want them to follow what alternative paths there are what options you want them to have and you have to also consider the things that you they might mistakenly do so if you have the user filling out a form and hit the back button instead of the continue button what's going to happen is that data could be lost is going to be stored how is that going to be handled and then finally you also have a document that contains information about the primary actor the goal the preconditions the post conditions and definitions success so it's a big piece of it's a lot of work and then I'm not gonna lie to you doing these is a lot of work if you do it up front it is worth it so that's my that's my argument here at least so this here would be the diagram of all the different interactions that all the actors would have right we have a site visitor and we're gonna look at their registering for an event so here's a sample steps of a site visitor registers for an event here's the steps we want them to follow you would also again have like an alternative path here where if we have in step seven here that they complete the login well they needed to do another step of verifying their we have to verify their contact information so they're running existing user they're logging in if instead they were a new user so the new user registration would be an alternative path on this and then finally we have this piece which is one of my favorite pieces of the documentation for it for these you have the summary of the actor who who were we talking about what are they going to be doing what's their goal what's success mean what are the preconditions what assumptions are we making and what do we know how do we know when it's done what's success look like now in none of this are we defining how solutions will be implemented this is purely about the problem to solve are you know what steps you know what it looks like when solved and what it looks like you know before and after basically we're not talking about what the actual solution is here so the downsides of use cases we've all had projects close that everybody's really excited about the dev team wants to jump in they're ready to go they have this great idea how to implement the solution they have to slow down you have to stop at that point gather the information write all the stories you have to work with your teams and talk about what do the stories mean how do we define these what does this look like as the big picture it's time-consuming and typically one person can't do it you do have to delegate you have to work with your teams and you do have this you need a system to keep all this organized however when you bring it all together once you build this all out you have the ability to then write user stories that answer all of those steps all the stages all those questions of how you have a user story that will resolve that you can implement that into your sprints and know that things are going to actually you have fewer blockers because you know that you have that big picture of the whole story you're not wondering what's going to happen if we make a change how is this going to affect other things things are going to you know you're going into a sprint knowing what the blockers are instead of finding it out halfway through the sprint the scope of the project's been thoroughly defined you can easily at that point say hey what functionality if we're we're over budget you know we're already used up all our hours what functionality can we like trim out what's the how can we prioritize this it's really easy again like when you have the examples of something like this to go to the stakeholders and say how critical is this piece how badly do we need this and obviously this one would be important but how badly do we need this can we lower this on priority and put it in in another round of development and they can see them how it fits in that big picture too we also have this glorious thing that I love to if you go back to this one this can be turned into your be hat testing basically to base you just turn this right and even if you're not using automated testing if you needed to turn this over to your QA team you've got this all available right there to them they know exactly how things should be working and they also if you've done all the documentation that goes with this of the alternative workflows and the mistakes and everything they can follow all of those paths and see and make sure that everything is taken care of and then obviously you have this entire document that you can share with stakeholders you could hand this off to another team if you brought in a new developer if you brought a new project manager if you brought in anybody new to the project the stakeholder left and came anyone came in you could have all of this documentation in there without questions about you know what's priority what's this who's this who is requesting this why is this in here it's all in your documentation the biggest thing which I mentioned is this is time-consuming at some point you have to stop documenting and you do have to start doing so this is even though this is obviously supporting an agile process this in itself is an agile process if something is missing you need to add it in but now you can add it in without wondering how it's going to affect other pieces you can check to make sure that it isn't affecting anything else or if it is you know it in advance you can update each of the other affected areas quickly and easily so that your documentation is up to date and you can adjust upcoming sprints with new user stories that's the best way to keep being awesome and tell the whole story and then I just have a couple of quotes because this is actually the stopping the documentation is one of the biggest things for me I always have this sense of once I start documenting a project I actually want to have everything documented but honestly we've got here the pursuit of perfection often impedes improvement you have to get started to know what needs to improve and what needs to change and if I wave with if I waited for perfection I would never write a word and that's exactly the point too you can't have everything perfect it has to be a living document the or the whole plan has to be a living plan you need to be updating you need to be revisiting it it's not a one-time look at it complete this check it out the window it's a it's a piece of the project and needs to be treated that way and then I have got some resources here primarily on creating use cases I mentioned personas there's a link there on personas gather space has some excellent documentation on use case examples and honestly the Wikipedia link is it's fantastic as well I was impressed by that and there's a book that I've always enjoyed it's by Astor Copburn it's not I don't know if there's a more recent addition than this one but it is a is a great book for learning how to implement this into your process so is anybody here currently using use cases in their projects have you found it helps does it make a big difference like do you find like it's easier to write user stories and things like that yeah but I do find that it is time-consuming basically and I'm a team of three people from the project manager like two developers so it kind of lands on my shoulders and really we just want to get started on doing the project yeah and in case you couldn't hear that that's just basically what I was saying is time-consuming and that developers really just want to get going when something comes through especially when they've been consulted on it before it closes which is ideal yeah I think we can we use the mic for that just to make sure that they're it's part of the recording and everything is that possible can you come up to the mic I'm sorry I should mention that I know I'm sorry I was wondering because all this when I banged to the use case and shy we need to research to start before we start working I will say that the hours you put in in front you will subtract in fixing stuff for doing stuff again in the when you're coding right yeah yeah definitely and that's why you're not only saving it on coding but you're also saving time on when you hand something off to the stakeholders it's what they were expecting and it works the way they expected rather than it being like you hand it you deliver this thing that you've worked on for hours and you know your whole team has been on from you know a month or two or three or six and you hand it off to the stakeholder thank you and you know they're shocked and surprised and this is not at all what they were looking for we want to avoid that as much as we possibly can yeah can you do you mind coming up talk very loud is there a way you can use a template because I can imagine like some of the processes are very similar in various projects I definitely use templates definitely so if the sorry my musical rock up here obviously these are you can't really template this part you I mean you could copy and paste this for anything like different stages of it of each piece of the project you could copy and paste this if you've got the same actors and just change what they're doing but and this is already basically a template like the the full version of this has a couple other steps in it right it has the the steps defined the alternative steps the you know what you don't want them to do and identify those issues and things and this though is definitely templated and oh this is what I this is the structure I always use and always fill out as you know defining that and yeah I could just copy and paste like once I start on a on a piece and I'm defining these I just kind of copy them and then just edit them for each little piece I'm talking about mass produce and then edit I really do try to encourage my teams like I you have to delegate this out so if you know that this is a piece that someone else is the you know you have a developer who's going to be working on this piece if you can't sit down with them to work on it together which is ideal but if you can't then have them at least you know do it and then you can review it and move forward it's horrible for developers and I'm so sorry for suggesting that they do it but if they are qualified to be able to you know go in say this is what I'm envisioning when we're talking about this piece this is what I'm envisioning and then you know ahead of time to this doesn't match up with what the big project is but somebody does need to own it and make sure that's all cohesive I have a question in the agile process you do battle for refinement you get a fix you get you stories and you go into more detail where does this relate to the moment when you start writing this because I see you writing use use cases and then adding user stories right exactly so this is before you start doing the user stories and then if something needs to be refined you mentioned you know you start the user stories and then you were fine there's a refining process as you go through when you're doing if you have this done in advance you can then refine without worrying about how it's going to affect the other pieces you know in advance if that's going to cause a conflict later on or with other work that's being done in that sprint especially you still use the use the user stories to define sprint and yeah exactly you do this then you do the user stories estimate the user stories and then work with the implementation that way and follow your normal workflows so it's just kind of all ahead of that to make sure that your user stories are all together okay I think we are just about out of time is that you need to set up for one more question okay anybody yeah as far as can you right so if you have the story the big story to find then you can break down into these little pieces especially with the preconditions and the post conditions and then from there the user stories are going to talk more about the when you're doing again the refining of the user stories you have the user story of this user wants to do this well how are we going to talk about that and that's when you talk about the solution and you have again you have the big picture as a reference so you have all of this in your mind as you're doing that so you could say okay what actually will handle all of this together since all these pieces are interrelated for this functionality how do we consider all of that together and come up with a solution instead of looking at just the one piece and doing a solution thank you tomorrow not tomorrow Thursday there we go thank you so much


We heard this it's only redistribution. I actually heard it's reparations. It's reparations This school teacher said redistribution, but on Monday Black Lives Matter held a rally a Demonstration in Chicago no violence this time just demonstration, but what were they demonstrating? They were demonstrating for the release of Of the hundred looters that had been arrested they should have arrested thousands of looters, but they arrested a hundred looters the police did and They were demonstrating to have them released Now let's be clear about Black Lives Matter This is not an organization that is pro That is sorry anti police brutality. This has nothing to do with equality before the law For people of different colors. This has nothing to do with justice in any rational sense Black Lives Matter is a front for nihilism, it's a front for for economic Marxism for socialism of all its different varieties But really for egalitarianism It is a front for breaking the law destroying property smashing stuff and then these guys go in and Again, just like those intellectuals. I talk about and justify it and give it credibility and pretend that it's all All cool again Black Lives Matter revealing itself for what it is They want a hundred released and they said why is everybody making a big deal out of looting It's just a head start on reparations These people all enslaved once and the people who own Louis Vuitton were the slave masters No, wait a minute. That's not right Slave is a long time ago. None of these people slaves and Louis Vuitton is like a French company that I don't think owned the slaves ever But that's not it's reparations because they don't care who it comes from as long as they're rich They don't care who gets it as long as they're poor and black Black Lives Matter is the worst of the worst And this is why I don't think anybody even people who support the idea What anti-police brutality anti-police racism when it occurs I don't think you should ever march under the banner of Black Lives Matter Yes, the racists on top of the fact that they are egalitarian nihilists One of the arguments made I've seen this all over Twitter and at Black Lives Matter is what's the big deal all these companies have insurance So the insurance company pays for it. It's their job to pay for stuff like this. What's the big deal? I mean again Ignorance the stupidity.  That's gonna destroy business.  The government can just write it can print 3.7 trillion dollars and that's under Republican if it was a Democrat we'd be at 6.7 trillion dollars And they just print it and they hand us checks and if they can hand us and we had a leading candidate and a bunch of people Who supported him who thinks you be eyes a good idea? We'll just print money and give it to people who the hell needs to work. Let's go smash those because we don't need work Anyway, what do we need chops? Who do you think pays the taxes that makes it possible to pay you insurance companies stores? Who provides the capital? Well insurance companies by buying stuff that by buying bonds that then fund the building of factories where Some of you might work. Where do you think all this stuff? That you own whatever it is even if you're poor comes from Where's your job come from or if you're on welfare. Where does the welfare check come from? It comes from the few people in this country. You're still productive and if you destroy Their ability to produce You will get poorer not richer Pura again, please Paul Coogren explain this to them No, we get the opposite We get bogus economics bogus View property rights who cares they say there's insurance Insurance isn't property and without property rights. There is no civilization Once we abandon property rights We abandoned all civilization Forget about welfare forget about UBI forget about redistribution reparations Because there is nobody to take it from Because without property we'll all do it poor. We're all scrambling for the scraps We're all fighting each other for what's left Without property rights, there is anarchy The really really ugly kind of anarchy.  It turns out Shockingly I mean I was shocked by this surprised and was just completely unexpected it turns out That when the looting happened in Chicago a few months ago people were arrested lots of people arrested it turns out That none of them were charged It turns out that the city made the decision Not to charge people who looted during the George Floyd riots demonstrations Well, because they sympathize with the city officials sympathize with the looters and you know it was passion and Excitement and they got things got out of hand and so they let them go They let him go without charging them didn't send to jail What do you think would happen? So you basically are telling looters.  There is no connection. She said there's no connection Between the fact that we decided not to prosecute the looters and the looting that happened yesterday.  That's what we are. We are the police. We're tough Don't mess with us You would think think that's What they would do but no I Mean, yes, they had some SWAT teams out. They had police and you know relatively high numbers out in the streets But what they actually did You know, I don't know how many of you have been in Chicago again a beautiful city has a river that goes through the city That separates the south side Such part of downtown and the north part of downtown the miracle mile is in the north part of downtown and what they did is All the bridges on the river are draw bridges so they can they can open up they opened all the draw bridges So that you couldn't drive From one part to the other part you could probably get there if you went around but they figured it's too much work for people They put all the draw bridges up Now just think of that. I mean, I'm looking at a photo of the river and all the draw bridges raised It's like we're waving the flag at the feet We're like we've given up We've given up We're not gonna fight you we're just gonna make it hard for you to get there and by the way at the same time we are going to Shut down the city Because nobody can drive from the north to south and these are busy roads.  Nobody gets to go anywhere Bridges are up. You can't loot. I mean, this is the city officials in Chicago This is what they think is a answer to looting where all the draw bridges up Hey, by the way, if you haven't noticed we're surrendering we've given up all clear and We're gonna shut down all life in Chicago so that a few hundred people don't loot a luxury stores instead of Going and fighting and we're gonna allow BLM to demonstrate and We're gonna shut the city down. Oh and talk about shutting the city down BLM of course is not done they want those hundred people released and the systemic races in America and and there's just massive injustice going on and They need to continue demonstrating and particularly in the city of Chicago They haven't demonstrated enough and they need to show the commitment to demonstrating and it so they sat down with city officials And they planned a demonstration for Saturday So Saturday in Chicago They don't just want any demonstration BLM is ambitious after all So they want a demonstration that basically shuts down the highway Shuts down the highway and the city said I mean you'd expect the city of Chicago. It's a major city. The highway is super busy It's a massive place where trucks are going back and forth Huge, you know, trade important location. So what do you think the city said?  It's not gonna happen Truckers a truckers union Small truckers small truckers a union of small trucking companies are suing the federal government suing the federal government Because they're livelihood is at stake and they rely on these highways So now we're not looting you won't see smashed windows you won't see looting Looters rushing into stores and taking Louis Vuitton stuff out of the store and Sticking it in their car, but they'll still be looting They'll still be destroying private property They'll still be destroying people's livelihoods the people who want to Drive on Saturday through that highway will be prohibited from doing it. Why? Because BLM wants to demonstrate we really need to rethink this whole demonstration thing in America We really need to think the demonstration thing in America It's gotten completely out of hand. It is indeed insanity You cannot have a right to demonstrate if you're blocking the highway You cannot have a right to demonstrate if you're disrupting people's lives you Cannot have a right to demonstrate if you're destroying property BLM should be banned for demonstrating in Chicago Everybody indeed should be banned from demonstrating in Chicago if they block highways block streets and Insight or defend rioting the Constitution the right to assembly was not meant That you can assemble at somebody else's expense You want to assemble, you know rents a stadium And assemble there. You want to you want to demonstrate? You know take one of the baseball fields is not playing there right now and have a demonstration there You want to demonstrate stand in front of a government property government guy? Sorry government building Don't block the street. You're blocking the street.   You have no right to make it impossible for other people to do their business And yet we in this country demonstrations, it's like It's like free speech, but it's not It's not so I know what to tell you but it looks like Chicago will be the first major American city in this round Crumble to disintegrate now I will give you this if if Biden gets elected He will bail out cities like Chicago and States like Illinois. I don't think it can last very long because I think I'll run out of money very quickly I think the economy is gonna be a disaster if they actually live up to their Promises in terms of stimulus packages but Chicago Fall intensive purposes finished If you live their move and New York somebody says New York is not far behind I think that's right. New York is not far behind it And if you think about the coronavirus and you think about all the businesses that we shut down the attitudes in big City about corona and shutting everything down the reliance on Public transportation the need to be in crowded elevators.  Why do you need that? You know, you can move to Austin, Texas at the Dallas or Houston's a little too humid and hot but Florida, I mean there plenty of places Tennessee. There are plenty of places around the country where you can live comfortable amazing lives without the kind of Risk living in a major city entails Political risk risk of riots risk of property destroyed, but also risk of disease Which we are now acutely aware of and of course risk of politicians who at the first sign of disease Shut everything down who the hell wants to live in a city that can be just shut down By the way, we almost up to 250 watching live on YouTube 141 like so it would be great if you got that number up closer to 200 So if you're up there, please like Taking super chats. I think you know I've said this many times the higher the super chat amount the higher the dollar amount the higher priority You will get on me answering your question. I've got a couple of $20 Super chat questions here that I'll get to in a little bit but Let's see if we can get some some Some bigger dollar amounts on the super chat and I will take your question whenever and of course, you know $50 a hundred dollars above that. I'll definitely answer your question pretty quickly Beyond that don't forget to subscribe and don't forget to support the show at your own book show.com slash support Now where's the police and all of this and this will bring me to the Seattle story Well, the police are basically being shut down in most of America's cities They've been told not to act too aggressively Not to use tear gas not to use Rubber bullets not to use the kind of means that you would use in order to Dispose a riot They have to be really careful and if they do need to engage with violence in order to Get a suspect they're all kind of rules and what they can and cannot do They haven't received the kind of training that would allow them to control Pacifying a violent aggressor. I did a whole show about the need to better train police in in self-defense in pacifying and Assailant and for the most part police are doing what they can under very very limited conditions in a sense with two hands tied behind their back to try to Catch the crooks and then they get them in jail and then the politicians released them Remember in Chicago none of the people Who arrested for rioting were prosecuted They were all let go so why how does anybody be a how do you how do you survive as a policeman?  Can't do a thing because the politicians will restrain you and won't let you do it Because this is what happened in Seattle where they announced chairs the autonomous area and this chairs autonomous area Took over whole police precinct and when violence erupted police were not allowed to go in and they were not allowed to Retake the precinct and the police chief Karen best a Woman a black woman kept saying we need to retake this place We need to establish the rule of law. This is my job. I'm a chief of police And she's told repeatedly by the mayor and by the city council of Seattle. No, no, no step back step down No, no, no, we're gonna let this run some of love. We're gonna try this out. This is an experiment. Don't intervene Don't do your job and you could tell in interview after interview and interview Which chief Karen best how frustrated she was? But she wasn't allowed to do what she's trained to do She wasn't allowed to do what she knew was right was just to do She had to step aside and wasn't allowed to do anything and Then when Chas turned out to be exactly what you predicted mayhem violence and everything finally she was allowed to go back Okay She went back Then in the last week or so behind her back one of the most left-to-city councils in America Devised a new plan to defund the police not to completely shut it down, but you defunded which means shrink its budget So they negotiated without ever letting you know and you budget for the police that shrunk it. I don't have the exact number, but Yeah, you know, they cut I don't know four million dollars out of a budget of 170 million including by the way Cutting her salary by over a hundred thousand dollars and they came to her with that As a feather completely is done She would have to cut 32 fewer patrol officers She would have less money for recruitment training and specialized department without ever telling her this was coming With an air of superiority The first black female police chief or first black ever in Seattle's history Was told we don't really care what you think Thirty years. She's worked in the police force there and this morning she resigned She resigned in protest of the budget cuts. She resigned in protest for the fact that they never let her do a job She resigned in protest for the insanity and the hostility Of the city council towards the police now more than that since the chas fiasco Demonstrators have been demonstrating outside her home every single day harassing her family harassing her For doing her job Did the city council offer to support her to provide protection? To try to talk to the demonstrators to move them away to know Instead they cut her salary They cut her budget They wouldn't let her do a job in other words This brave And I don't know her that well, but every time I saw in TV. I was impressed this brave woman Who served as a police officer for 30 years? Was trying to do the best that she could in a horrible situation Was stabbed multiple times in the back By the city council members of the city she was working for I just I mean, yeah, the injustice of it. It's just so Horrific and this is happening all over the country police police chiefs Being fired retiring resigning Having their arms tied behind their backs Being condemned being ridiculed being attacked now again the big problems in the police This is not how you deal with them Now I hope I know I know we shouldn't really engage in hope Hope is hopeless. Hope is putting feelings above reality, but you know, I hope I hope That the city of Seattle the voters of the city of Seattle come to their senses That they vote the city council out just like I hope them in a soda in Minneapolis The Minneapolis city council gets voted out They're all fired that this mayor is kicked out now of course The funny thing is that people running To replace these city council members and these mayors are typically even further to the left and now But I think you have two options in places like Chicago Minneapolis Seattle and I love Seattle.  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President-elect Martili, welcome to CSIS. Coming into office, you have very little time to confront some very serious challenges and also some opportunities that are coming your way with donors and also new initiatives that people in Haiti are ready for. What do you consider your top three priorities, coming into office? First of all, thank you Steve for having me and I want to thank the members of CSIS. And I will tell you that we've been caught by surprise. At first we had identified the cholera issue as a priority, as an urgency. We had identified the relocation of the people under the tents as a priority. And things are changing. Now the price of the fuel is going up, so we have to get ready for a crisis, an increase in food crisis as the price of the products are going high in the international market. The price of oil is going up and it's like things are changing on us.  We are working on cutting the tax that we perceive on these products. And the cholera remains an issue because if we don't focus on it then it will spread again. And as another issue we have the people living under those tents. It's been over 14 months and they are still living under the tents. And not much is being done. And I believe if a little bit was done we would have seen progress because some of these tents are fake tents. People are using these tents to make business. They come when there is food distribution. They come when they are about to promise a land to a tent owner. And whenever the organizations in charge of that live, they live too. But way before the earthquake, lodging, housing was an issue. And it's going to be one of our priority. Education is another priority for us as we have identified ignorance as a vector who produce, who generate poverty. So it will be very important for us to bring, to finally bring our kids to school. The constitution predicts, mandates free schooling. But unfortunately our past leaders have never tried to implement. So I think it's a responsibility that I have as I understand the need for every child to go to school. And the last one will be the agriculture reform that we need to do. We'll be creating wealth, we'll be bringing food security. We'll be stopping that migration toward the big cities. We'll be opening a window on decreasing importation. So these are the aspects that have been, the theme that I've been campaigning on. But we must remember that everything else remains a priority in Haiti, starting from clean water, security, land title, and so on, the state of law. Transparency, eradicating corruption. These are issues that we must address as we need, we understand the need to rebuild that confidence to build that confidence back between the people of Haiti and the government itself. And confidence between Haiti and its partners is very important to do that. Even rebuilding that confidence should be a priority. Well that's a lot of responsibility to rest on your shoulders as well as the shoulders of the members of your administration. But at the same time you have quite a bit of talent in the Haitian people. What strengths do you think the people of Haiti bring to this task of moving forward? Well I think this is the greatest opportunity that we have because the people of Haiti are directly implicated this time. They have voted in mass because they wanted a rupture with state or traditional politics that have shown no results. And because of that, now they feel like they have fought that fight. They have won. They have overthrew a system who is a failed system. And now they are already taking to the streets and cleaning the streets. They are waiting for orders. They want to implicate themselves. They are willing to suffer. They are willing to move out of tents. They are willing to move out of neighborhoods. They understand that most of the decisions we will have to take are not going to be popular measures and they are willing to suffer because they identify in this new leader that I am, a light at the end of the tunnel. And because of that I believe they are going to play a very important role. And I have campaigning telling them that I was going to count on them as much as they do count on me. And together and with our partners, with the international community, behind one dream, all this weight that you have identified on my shoulder, it will remain a weight but it will be easier for us to succeed. Mr. President-Elect, thank you so much for visiting us this afternoon at CSIS. Thank you so much and no need to tell you that I will be expecting CSIS expertise also for us to succeed. Thank you. My pleasure.