Okay, I know I have like the afternoon slot, but it's like 250, and we got like two more talks after this, and I have 88 slides, so no pressure, no intimidation, it's gonna be fine. Hi everyone, let's do that again, okay. My name is Vaidehi, you can find me most places on the internet as at Vaidehi Joshi, just to move you, and I come to you from sunny Portland, Oregon where I work at a company called Tilda. I think today is the last day that I can say sunny Portland, Oregon, because it's supposed to start raining tomorrow, and then it's gonna rain for six months, but rainy Portland, Oregon just doesn't have the same ring to it, so sunny Portland, Oregon, and at Tilda I work on a product called Skylight, which is your favorite Rails profiler, so if you work on a Rails app and you're looking for a profiling service, you can come talk to me afterwards, but when I'm not working on Skylight, I like to spend my free time writing. My background is not in computer science or tech, my background is in writing, and I try to fuse the two together by doing some sort of yearly project every year, so I do a thing where I write once a week every year, and this is year three, and this year I decided that I was gonna teach myself computer science, which is really big, and I didn't know that in January, but the project is called BaseCS, and it covers the basics of computer science. I write every Monday, and that means I think a lot about abstraction, and I think a lot about theory and applying it to practice. Again, my background is not in CS, so I'm kind of teaching myself this stuff as I go, but the interesting thing is if you come across a concept enough times, you start to see it everywhere, and when Jeff asked me to talk about trust, I was like, aha, I have to figure out how to connect this to computer science, and I think I found a way, and it turns out that the story of trust, as we know it in computer science and software and in our entire tech industry, actually is a pretty old story, and to tell the story, we have to go back in time to the year 1735, so I mean really back in time, and we need to go back to a town that was in medieval Prussia. This town is called Konigsberg, and it's not called Konigsberg anymore, so you will have a hard time finding it on a map, but it used to be in medieval Prussia, and it actually used to be four different settlements. The way that this town was structured, there was a river that went through it. It was called the Pragal River, and there were four settlements, but as time went on, those four settlements got turned into a single city. Now, it was really hard for people in the city to go from one side of the river to the other, so they built some bridges. They actually built seven bridges. I don't know why seven, but it ended up changing the course of history forever. So, the town of Konigsberg eventually turned into the city of Konigsberg, and the residents of the city would go on these long walks in the evening, and they would cross these bridges, because I guess that's what you did for fun in 1735, and they came up with this really interesting game. The game was that you had to try to cross each of these seven bridges once and only once, and the reason that this game was so interesting was because nobody in the town could seem to do it, and word spread to like a neighboring town, another neighboring town, and other people started hearing about it, and there was a mathematician of two towns away named Carl Gottlieb Ehler, and he heard about this, and he was like, oh, this is interesting, very interesting bridge problem, and he started thinking about it, and he got kind of obsessed with it, and he got so obsessed with it because he couldn't solve it, and he was a mathematician, so it drove him mad, not literally, he just started obsessing over it, and so then he was like, okay, who else can I rope into this? And he had a friend, Carl's friend's name was Leonard, you might know him as Leonard Euler, and I'm just going to call him Carl and Leonard, because Ehler and Euler is not going to work for the next 30 minutes, so Carl sends a letter to Leonard, and he's like, hey man, this is a really interesting problem, like, do you think you could solve it? Like, I think you should spend some time, you're smart, I guess, I don't know what the letter said, but something along those lines, and Euler was like, dude, this is like, I don't really think it's worth my time, it's not really a math problem, like, it's just a bridge, like a bridge problem, and let the people of Konigsberg figure it out. However, Euler started thinking about it, and he realized as he thought about it, he couldn't come up with any easy solution, and being the mathematician that he was, he also started obsessing over it. And he actually said, this question is so banal, but seemed to me worthy of attention in that neither geometry nor algebra nor even the art of counting was sufficient to solve it. So he writes back to his friend and he's like, I know I said no, but this is really interesting, why can't I figure this out? So, Leonard Euler took his obsession and put it on paper, and this is actually one of his drawings, and he sketched out Konigsberg and the land masses and the bridges, and he did something really interesting. He kind of abstracted the problem of the bridges out into something that was more mathematical. This is my drawing, it is not as pretty as Leonard's, but you know, it's colored, so at least I got that. So what he did was, he took the land masses and he took the bridges and realized that the path and the route that you took from one land mass through a bridge didn't actually matter. So he reconfigured it, and in reconfiguring it, he basically invented a new branch of mathematics. Today, we know it as graph theory, and some of you might know what the things on this image are called, which we'll get into in a second. But in order to solve Euler's problem, there are a couple important terms that we need to know. So I'm going to present to you for the first time ever in my conference history. Vaidehi's super fast and exceedingly friendly guide to graph theory. It's not actually been trademarked yet, I should probably help on that. No PhD required. So some important things to know about graph theory. These days, when we talk about graph theory, we're generally talking about two parts of a graph. We talk about nodes, which are two points, and sometimes nodes are called vertices, and edges, which are what connect nodes. There are two different types of edges that we'll generally run into. They can get more complex, but for today, this should be enough. There are directed edges and undirected edges. So an undirected edge basically means that you can go from one node to another. So if you think about it in Euler's terms, if you can cross from one bridge from one end of the bridge to the other and back the other direction, that's kind of like an undirected edge. A directed edge has a sense of flow. You have an origin and a destination, and you can only go from one node to the other. The way that we represent graphs mathematically is just as ordered pairs. Graphs represent networks, but they're really nothing more than ordered pairs when you talk about them mathematically. So most of us are familiar with ordered pairs as what we learned in probably like high school algebra, X and Y. Same thing, just looks a little bit different. In a graph, we're dealing with sets of ordered pairs. So you have vertices and edges. So the formal mathematical definition for a graph is just g equals v comma e. So when we talk about the definition of a graph, what we're talking about is the set of vertices that make it and the set of edges. So if we have a simple graph like this, there are three nodes, three edges. How can we describe it in mathematical terms? Well, we have a set of vertices, ABC, and we have a set of edges. You'll notice that this graph is undirected, which means there's no flow. You can go either direction from one node to another. So the edges are unordered pairs. By the same token, if the graph was directed, the edges would have some directional flow. You can only go from node C to node A. So when you represent it, C needs to come first when you're describing that edge. Another important thing with graphs is how to get from one node to another. And usually when we talk about this, we're talking about the degree of a node. It's basically like you going over to a node and be like, hey, who are your neighbors? A fancier definition, if you want to impress people, is you can tell them that it's the vertices that are adjacent to one another. It's a fancier definition, but I like my friendly one. And in this example, we have a graph with five edges, or five nodes, and all of them have different degrees. So for example, node A is connected to four other nodes, has a degree of four. E is only connected to one other node, has a degree of one, and D is connected to two other nodes, it has a degree of two. Now what Euler was really concerned about, and what most graph problems are concerned with, are finding paths. And a path is just finding a way to get from an origin to a destination. It can be very different depending on what type of graph you're dealing with, but that's really all it is. But what Euler really wanted was, he wanted a simple path, which is getting from an origin to a destination without repeating any vertices. He wanted to cross all the bridges, and by proxy touch all of the land masses without ever crossing a bridge twice. So a simple path in this situation would mean hitting every single vertex and by proxy every single edge, but never repeating yourself. So, back to Euler's problem. How did he solve this? He did something very clever. He solved it by proving that it couldn't be done. He disproved it by proving what type of path can be taken in order to create a simple path and what the rules are for that. And this is what we know today as an Eulerian path. So the first rule is pretty simple, maybe a little bit obvious. All of the vertices in order to find an Eulerian path, they have to have a non-zero degree node in order to be connected.  Obvious but important. The second rule is that two vertices in any graph must have an odd degree because they can act as either the starting point and the ending point of your path. Or, alternatively, all of the vertices in the graph must be of an even degree. And if you think about it, if all of them are even, then you can start from one place and end back where you started. Euler did what probably many mathematicians envy him for. He proved something was impossible by proving what was possible. And in the process, he created something that he called the geometry of position that we know today as graph theory. So Euler's problem was cool. It was like back in 1735, what happened to it? He created this whole branch of mathematics. Did anything ever come from it? Well, yes. A lot of things came from it. And the best examples, I think, come from computer science. So graph theory is all over computer science. And over the past hundred years in particular, you can start to see some really interesting examples of it. And some of you might have already encountered them. One of the really fun examples of graph theory is something called the night's tour. And this is actually a problem that was in a different form that was researched by Indian mathematicians back in the ninth century. But the way that most of us know about it today is imagine you have a chessboard and you have only a single night. And the objective of this puzzle is to try to move the night so that you touch every single square in the board without repeating yourself. This is also a really good one. I've watched a lot of MIT videos recently, like learning about graphs. And they love to talk about Rubik's cubes. They're always like, let's solve a Rubik's cube with this thing. So anyways, mathematicians love it. Computer scientists love it. They're fun. I still, despite the fact I've watched so many videos, I still can't solve this. So I don't know what that means. So a Rubik's cube is something that you can actually turn into a graph representation. So if you think about it, every single time you have a Rubik's cube and you change something about it, you change its state. If you represent the state of a Rubik's cube as a node in a graph, you can see all of the possible states that you can change something to. There's a name for this. It's called the Cayley graphs. It's really interesting. You should Google it. Basically, it's creating a graph representation of the different states of a Rubik's cube. I think ten years ago or so, there were some computer scientists who basically mapped out the entire, all the permutations of a 2x2 Rubik's cube. They did that so they could find the optimum path. That is to say the shortest number of steps you have to take in order to solve a 2x2 Rubik's cube. Nobody has done a 9x9 one because it is so big. So that's like one of the unsolved problems of mathematics and computer science that is still unsolved today. So maybe you could solve it. I can't solve a Rubik's cube, so I don't think that's what I'm going to be working on. Another one that all of us are probably familiar with is Google's page rank algorithm. This was the algorithm that put Google on the map and made it what it is today. But really, it's just a graph. What Google does and what their page rank algorithm does is look at how many links external links link to a web page and the quality of those links, which is to say if a certain website is linked to many times, the importance of that website goes up. So when you search for Rocky Mountain Ruby, Rocky Mountain Ruby's website goes to the top because it's weighted the most. It has the most importance. And this is a type of graph called a weighted graph, which is also pretty common in computer science, but it's really just graphs with another added piece of data. If you start googling and if you start reading about this stuff, you'll find that graph theory is all over the web. But it also just literally is the web. What I mean by that is every single time you navigate to a URL and go to a website, you are basically hopping from one node to another. And those hyperlinks are the edges that connect those nodes. So Euler's problem fed into computer science in its own way. But it turns out it's present in bioinformatics too. Bioinformatics is the field that's involved in taking data and interpreting and using it for the sake of biology. And probably the most influential example of this was in sequencing the human genome. So the way that the researchers who wrote about this in 2001 when they finally finished sequencing after 20 years, the way that they approached this problem was taking elements of graph theory. And the problem with sequencing the human genome is that you get all of this DNA jumbled up together and you need to pull it apart into its separate individual parts. The only problem is because it's so jumbled up, you often have repeated sections. So you have to not repeat yourself and find the unique parts of the DNA as you sequence it back together. So they use something called the De Bruijn graph which was named after a Dutch philosopher who also borrowed his theory from Euler and they sequenced the human genome by reading segments of it, turning it into a graph where they looked for overlaps, pulling out the overlaps, and then reading the entire sequence of DNA all together. I guess the human genome has a lot of DNA in it, which is probably why it took them 20 years and a lot of people tried and it was only when they started using graph theory that they could actually get to a solution that worked. So genome sequencing also learned from Euler. But another interesting thing happened in 2001 too. A Harvard sociologist and professor named Nicholas Christakis got really obsessed with the idea of trying to understand how human beings are influenced by their friends and family. Basically, he wanted to study networks. So he said that we're all embedded in massive social networks that have massive influences on our well-being. And he proved the connections and the power of interconnected graphs through his research. One of the things that he studied was someone's propensity to be obese. So he studied obesity clusters and he found that someone who has connection, who also has a certain disease or a genetic predisposition, was more likely to experience it themselves. On the flip side, he did something similar with happiness. He found that when he graphed out the happiness of people that he surveyed, people who were on the further end of the cluster were generally less connected to happier individuals. And so they ended up being more unhappy. He also studied the spread of influenza. And he saw that people who were in the center of the graph were more likely to either catch the disease or spread it because they were far more connected than people on the external parts of the graph. He realized that if humans are nodes, then we're connected by edges and our connections can influence each other in positive or negative ways, depending on the context. So sociology also borrowed a tool from computer science and from Euler. But it turns out pop culture has too. Specifically from this guy. Back in 1994, three college kids were like, it was like there was like snowstorm and they didn't have anything to do. And it was 1994. So they watched Footloose. And they started this inside joke. They were like, how many actors or actresses do you think can connect back to Kevin Bacon? And what started out as an inside joke ended up like getting them on The Daily Show with John Stewart. And they actually like started turning this into an interesting game and thought experiment. It turns out Kevin get bacon gave a Ted talk about this.  He was not a fan. But the six degrees of Kevin Bacon has turned into a pop culture phenomenon, but it's just a graph. And what's interesting about this is that after Kevin Bacon got like put on the map again after Footloose or whatever. And like he started getting interviews and he got excited about it. He eventually came around to it and he has a nonprofit organization called six degrees dot org. So I guess he's down with graph theory also. So apparently Kevin Bacon is also connected to computer science. Guess what? It's not just Kevin Bacon. All of us have our own six degrees of separation, too. When you add me to your professional network, you're just adding an edge in an undirected graph. And when I follow you on Twitter, I'm adding a directed edge to a directed graph. If you follow me back, then it'll be mutual. But this is to say we're all connected and we all have nodes in our metaphorical virtual graphs that connect us to certain people and by proxy certain ideas. And I think where this starts to get really powerful is when you start thinking about interconnectedness and how it has applied to our economy, particularly the sharing economy. So the idea with the sharing economy is that it's enabled people to either connect with people who are in their networks or create connections based on a mutual need. So sometimes that need might be some sort of good or item. It might be transportation. It might be housing. It might be some sort of service. It might be monetary or financial. It also could be a skill or something that's educational. But it's creating connections that either existed and may not have been that strong or might not have existed before but can find a mutual need to. And the interesting thing with the sharing economy is that it's changed a lot about how we relate to each other as humans. Everything that we do in terms of transactions with other people, even though it's through software, it's really based on trust. The sharing economy leverages our interconnectedness, sometimes successfully and sometimes not so successfully. And it's changed how we relate to one another. Airbnb did an interesting thing where they started looking at their user groups and they were trying to measure how to make people more open to the idea of a stranger coming into their house. So they started measuring and evaluating trust to make someone more likely to create a connection that might not have happened before. It's also changed how we navigate careers. Just before this talk, we heard about how we hire people who are like us. We're more likely to hire someone that we are connected to. Interestingly, last year, LinkedIn, their data team, they started analyzing their data and they shared the results. And they found that in terms of people getting jobs through LinkedIn, people were more likely to be referred for jobs by their second and third degree connections rather than their first, which is really interesting since most people would probably focus a whole lot more on their first degree connections. But it turns out third degree and second degree connections will get you a job. They also found that men typically have much larger professional networks and connections, but women have higher quality ones. That would be interesting to research more. I don't feel comfortable making any claims about anything. And it also turns out that connections to get jobs was incredibly powerful and mattered the most in technology related sectors, which applies to all of us in this room. But I think the interconnectedness of graphs and how it applies to us today ties in directly to how we choose our government. So about a month ago, The New York Times wrote an article about how fake accounts based in Russia purchased about $100,000 worth of ads on divisive issues leading up to the 2016 presidential election. If Facebook is just a giant graph, what does that say about finding connections between people? ProPublica, after that came out, they they did an investigative journalism piece about how hard it is to find a group of people on Facebook and spend money in ad targeting them. So they looked up search words like Jews and burning Jews, just to see how quickly they could find people who align with those terms on Facebook. Turns out it took them $10 to spend on advertising. And in 15 minutes they had already found a targeted group. Facebook has 2 billion monthly users, but they only have about 20,000 employees. So if you imagine a graph with 2 billion nodes, that's a lot of data. They have approximately one employee. If you did the math to oversee about 97 thousand users, but obviously not all those employees are doing the overseeing and what Facebook has done is automated searching through that graph. And it makes sense in a lot of ways. Once you've figured out the math of how this works, you can use algorithms like breadth first traversal or a depth first search. And you can trust in the mathematics of how you've built that graph. Or can you? The problem with using mathematics and relying on it so heavily is that it can be really easy to trust the algorithms that we rely on to automate our world. But it's not always wise to trust mathematics so blindly. Trust as it turns out is a very hard math problem. And we need humans to intervene. We need them to step in and keep an eye on the math behind this and reevaluate it. We need humans to pick up where the math ends to evaluate whether the math is fair to everyone, whether it's reliable. And if it's not, we need them to innovate better approaches to the really hard problems. And if you think about it, that's exactly what Euler did. He saw that all of the tools at his disposal, geometry, algebra, the basic math of counting, those weren't reliable enough tools to solve the problem that he had faced. So he created something that he based on other ideas and slightly on intuition and a little bit of luck. And he created a solution that did work for the problem he had. And that's been iterated on. So that leaves us with one last question. Whatever happened to Konigsberg? Well, history has a really ironic sense of humor, it turns out. After Prussia fell and was dissolved, Konigsberg became part of Russia. And in World War II, it became occupied by Nazi Germany. As a result of the war, there were many bombings and Konigsberg ended up being kind of a central point for both the Nazis and the Soviet Union. I guess there are a lot of different groups that were in that area at the time and it was very much destroyed. And there are a lot of bombs that were dropped on Konigsberg. And as a result of those seven bridges, two of them were completely wiped out. So this is a map of Konigsberg today, except it's not called Konigsberg, it's called Kaliningrad. And it is still in Russia. And you'll notice that there are five bridges instead of seven. And the really, really ironic part about all of this is that now it's possible to make a Eulerian path. And for all of the irony and history's great sense of humor, I like to think that Euler would have gotten a kick by that. Thank you.


This systematic review examined the effect of social relationships, social networks, and social support on cognitive function in healthy older adults aged 50 years and above. The authors found evidence suggesting a relationship between social activity, social networks, and cognitive function with social activity being associated with better performance in global cognition, overall executive functioning, working memory, visual spatial abilities, and processing speed, while social networks were linked to improved global cognition only. Additionally, social support was related to better performance in episodic memory and verbal fluency. Finally, the authors also found that a composite measure of social relationships, CMSR, was associated with better performance in episodic memory and verbal fluency. This article was authored by Michelle E. Kelly, Holly Duff, Sia Kelly, and others.


Hi I am Dr. Srinu Kumar Bhaskaran and I am a knee replacement specialist with Manipal group of hospital based out of Karate. So today I will be talking about knee osteoarthritis. So before we go into the details of the diagnosis and management I would just like to mention exactly what happens in osteoarthritis. So osteoarthritis is when the cartilage that is the cushioning material as we can see in this model here the bluish color structure so that wears out over a period of time and the bones start rubbing on each other there is a friction that happens in between the bones and that is what leads to the pain and deformity in osteoarthritis. So does all patients of osteoarthritis need surgical treatment absolutely not. So the patients who are identified or diagnosed early we can treat them with modalities like medications, give them physiotherapy, braces and in situations where there is significant sort of pain but not complete damage we can also consider modalities like injections what we call as visco supplement injections or PRP injections which has shown to have you know quite a long term kind of benefit for these patients. Of course when all these treatment options fail and the patient is still in pain that is when we offer patients you know surgical treatments. So surgical treatments would involve you know kind of arthroscopy surgeries, partial knee replacements, total knee replacements now that is a call that we take once we see a patient you know both clinically as well as radiologically.


Hey guys, welcome back to Tech Talk. My name is Chase and today we'll be discussing a few routine maintenance items that we recommend you look at on your trailer. See me annually or annually and especially before your boating season. So the first thing you recommend is be sure that all of your lights are working on the trailer. Just by simply turning lights on on the truck you can see that I have my rear lights. I have my center beam right here on and this trailer also has running lights all the way around. Just be sure all those are functional and working and from there we can get in the truck and turn on the hazards. So once the hazards are on in your tow vehicle you can see I've got both lights flashing on either side of the trailer. This is what's going to correspond with your brakes and your turn signals left and right. This is a critical component. You always want to be sure you have functional signals on your trailer.


Hello, hope you are well. My name is Frank and welcome back to my channel. It is a pleasure to have you here with me today. And by nutritional genius, let me clarify. I am objectively the most intelligent, smartest, well researched person in the diet nutrition health hemisphere on YouTube. You know with all the doctors, other influencers, plagiarizing me, not mentioning my name. I just want you guys to know. That's why I'm titling these videos, nutritional genius. And today, we're going to do a standard American diet version of what I would eat to fix my liver. It's going to be basically like stuff that I don't normally eat.  So let's start with that breakfast. Pretty simple guys. I have an organic pancake mix that has fairly minimal ingredients. Just flour, sugar, some leavening, which isn't the best, you know, some chemicals in it. Soft potato starch, cassava starch. So there's downsize to some of these ingredients, however, compared to what the average person eats. This is miles, miles ahead and those slightly negative ingredients are what actually gives it some decent flavor and texture. With the pancakes, we're just going to mix it with some glass bottle of mineral water, maple syrup, and the lighter colored, the maple syrup, generally speaking, the lower the anti-nutrient content is. So we got the golden colored maple syrup and just some walnut butter to spread on top to add a little bit of fat. And in general, plant butters, you know, omega-6 based stuff, even though it's not the best, especially if it's a vegetable seed oil, it's a bit easier on your liver than the animal fats. So the nice thing about this is you don't really have to measure. Just kind of go by the consistency after you mix it up. And I guess another theme today, guys, is this is going to be very quick, very easy, no extensive meal prep. You know, literally just mixing powder, water, and throw it in the pan. So we just got some liquid coconut oil, aka MCT oil in the pan.  And we'll just do one pancake at a time. So the problem with pancakes is you need a really well-seasoned cast-iron pan for it not to stick. And I don't have that. So this is not the worst thing in the world to be using. So the only problem with pancakes is they can soak up a lot of oil, so if you're trying not to eat too much fat, it might not be the best choice. I'll save this for the rest of the batter for tomorrow. That looks good. So not only will this be quick, simple, easy, it will also be very delicious. So a little bit of the walnut butter on top, maybe a tablespoon. And if you don't want to put too much fat, like with the coconut oil in the pan, you can definitely just put, like, the pancake batter on a sheet pan in the oven and just bake it. And guys, this is basically flour and sugar. So it's kind of empty carbohydrates that your liver can kind of flush things out in detox with. So after the walnut butter, we have our maple syrup. Probably more than I'm going to eat, but there we go. Sprinkle a little bit of salt on top for the salty, sweet combination. So outside of the pancake, we have the water kefir grains and water kefir. You guys can get these on frankiesfreerangefoods.com, best probiotic to exist, as well as some masticum, which is available on OregonSupplements.com. It's an antimicrobial. And in the morning, you know, sometimes the kefir is alcoholic, so you can just have grains. It's fine. It's just as effective. And you can get it with some water or whatever.  If you're craving some type of breakfast, like pancakes or butter, this will hit the spot. It is a little low in fiber, so maybe have an apple with it. So after eating about half the pancake, I'm going to have some of the kefir grains. Man, am I going to be drunk. Some of you guys might be thinking, Frank, where's the protein? And in this case, it's more important to give your body something to push through, get those toxins out of the liver, the plain slate of starch and carbohydrates, as opposed to getting more protein. You know, if you have meat for lunch and dinner or just dinner, as long as you're getting a decent amount of beef in your diet, it's completely fine to skip protein for a meal or two. And that's definitely one of the biggest mistakes people make when they're trying to fix their health. Like, protein can be very hard on the digestive system. So when people over-consume protein and feel like they need to have it at every meal, they might be doing more harm than good, especially if you have something that's very high in B vitamins like water kefir that can replace some of those nutrients that are in the meat. If the person wants to have protein with this meal, I would say maybe a couple of egg whites are okay, but I'm not really a fan of egg whites and they're not that great for your gut. I barely finished that. Those pancakes are so heavy. So at the end of the meal, we're going to have some mastic gum, maybe a teaspoon of mastic gum, just like this, swallow it down. So the kefir grains and the water kefir help digest the carbohydrates and sugar. The mastic gum keeps it out of the stomach because you don't want H. pylori over-growing in the stomach and causing all these types of reactions.  So a lot of people like adding supplements because they think they need more vitamins, they have nutrient deficiencies, and they're right. They probably do have nutrient deficiencies, but it's more important to give your liver a break because even if you're adding something positive to your diet, your liver still has to process it.  So there are certain things I might take today like magnesium and zinc, but it depends on how I feel and how I'm sleeping because if you're not sleeping well, then you kind of want to lay off the supplements. So I'm kind of stuffed, and I normally eat two meals per day, but since we're doing this for a standard American diet, I'll come back for lunch in a couple hours. What you guys could also do is organic apple cinnamon oatmeal. I don't feel so good after eating this because it just doesn't digest that well, it kind of sits in my stomach, so I've stopped having it, but you guys could try it out, see how you feel. Maybe also like organic sourdough bread with some egg whites, I don't know, if you can get creative, you can have fruit for breakfast with like coconut milk, coconut cream or something. There's a bunch of different stuff you guys can do, but for the most part, these are some very approachable kind of standard American diet-esque breakfasts that you can have. So we'll see you guys for lunch. Unfortunately, I was not abducted by a vegan girl, so we are back here for lunch having a roast beef sandwich with potato chips. And I know I've showed you guys like these chips in the past and they have vegetable seed oils in them and they actually make my heart hurt, so you want to make your own french fries or potato chips at home, take a raw potato, slice it up, salt, oven, whatever it may be. That's ideal, but compared to what the average standard American dieter is eating, these organic potato chips aren't the end of the world. You have just one of my favorite mustard brands, just mustard seeds, vinegar, water, salt, very simple ingredient list. We have the bread alone, organic sourdough bread, and some roast beef from Frankie's Free Range Meat that we're probably going to be sold out of for a couple of weeks, but we have it for now. I just do like a thin layer of mustard on one side of the bread. So the reason I started making roast beef is the stuff in the supermarket is usually not grass-fed. And if it is grass-fed, it tastes completely horrible. So we got grass-fed beef here with organic black pepper and land salt, cooked rare, very, very delicious. The nice thing about roast beef is it's made from top around, which is a very, very lean meat. And if you're trying to reduce your fat intake to take stress off the liver, it's one of the best cuts there is. I can't put a knife cut through this. So that first meal of pancakes was about getting those dense carbohydrates in our stomach, getting some calories in, small amount of probiotics, and B vitamins from the kefir.  Then you can worry about increasing their protein intake because, yeah, from the stands in American diet, you do want to be eating probably meat with every meal. But again, this whole day of eating is about being approachable. So roast beef sandwich, very lean beef, high in amino acids, B vitamins, animal protein, decent amount of animal-based minerals. Potato chips are super high in potassium and potatoes are really an excellent source of many minerals, including copper. The only issue is the vegetable seed oil. So definitely try to make some yourself if you can. And again, we're doing the kefir grains and the water kefir for probiotic. Sourdough bread, just more calories really. Again, starch to soak up those toxins coming out of the liver, which we want a decent amount with every meal. And the main reason I like this meal is because there's no prep. You put the roast beef on the bread, potato chips, good to go. So the same thing as with breakfast, halfway through the meal, we're going to have some kefir grains, about a tablespoon, and about a teaspoon of masticum. All right, so I'm pretty full, guys. I'm feeling good, mainly because of the water kefir and kefir grains, guys. I will repeat myself over and over again. This is a living culture of bacteria that is eating the bread. It's eating the chips. It's eating that pancake earlier, and it's making sure my body's organs and enzymes are not excessively stressed. And what I'll say is, if you're not making this yourself or buying it from me, just be mindful that what kind of water are they using, what quality sugar, that type of stuff. So if you're going to spend all this money and effort on high quality organic food, some jerk-off farmer might be using fluoride in something he's selling you. So just keep that in mind. Same with breakfast. If you want a little something extra after the meal, just like a small piece of fruit like apple, pear, banana, that would be great, but I'm very full now. So we'll leave that for dinner. All right, guys, we are back for dinner. And I was really trying to think, what would a standard American diet typically have for dinner? I came up with spaghetti and meatballs. And like the other meals today, we are going to do a rift on the quality of ingredients. So I'm using things that I know are good for my liver, that I tolerate well in the meatballs, as well as removing some things that you typically see in spaghetti. So let me show you guys what we have. So instead of tomato sauce on the spaghetti, we're just going to do a light garlic oil with some MCT oil. That's why we're sauteing the organic garlic in the pan here. That's all done. Just some light flavor. We have some mineral water boiling for our durham wheat semolina pasta from Italy. And I made some meatballs with very lean, top-around grind, which we're out of on Frankie's range meat. I might get some more. And in those meatballs, I put Italian seasoning, salt, some coconut milk, and breadcrumbs. Not the typical meatball ingredients, but I know each of these sits well in my stomach. And it's going to be a nice flavor as well. I'm not going to show you guys everything. We're just going to boil the pasta. Saute the meatballs and then put the garlic oil on the pasta.  So here we have it guys, our meatballs and spaghetti. Very approachable, very delicious meal. And as I said earlier, you might have to incorporate more protein into your diet, especially if you're coming from a standard American diet, but to start off, this is excellent. You can have a few egg whites with breakfast if you want, but having the roast beef for lunch and then some meatballs for dinner. You're getting at least three quarters of a pound of beef in your diet, plenty. The meatballs are very nice. Plain, super soft texture, not over seasoned, melts in your mouth. The pasta, very delicious. When you have a high quality durian with semolina, if you cook it in mineral water, put just a little bit of garlic and oil on it. Very, very good. Has to be al dente though. All right guys, same exact thing we did earlier. We're gonna have some more of the Kiefer grains as a probiotic, another tablespoon or so, and some more masticum as well. All right guys, I'm not really that hungry for dinner, so the only different thing we're gonna do is have a couple of capsules of charcoal just in case, so we sleep okay. So I think I've given you guys some pretty good ideas for meals that are similar to what a normal person would eat. For dinner you could also do like a cheeseburger instead of cheese, put like onions and mushrooms on it, have some homemade french fries with that. You could do just the classic, like steak, potato, with a side dish, cauliflower, you know, the meat, the starch, the vegetable. Those are all excellent, excellent choices. If you go organic, if you go grass-fed, if you go high quality, you remove certain problematic foods and you'll be feeling a lot better very quickly. So thank you guys for joining me today. If you're interested in learning more about why I make certain food choices and why I stop carnival, you can schedule a consultation on frank-to-found.com. On there we also have all of my businesses, Frankie's Syringe Meat, Frankie's Syringe Foods, Oregon Supplements, Wifi Shielding, Frankie's Naturals, you guys can get me and ground beef, we have roast beef, the rest of the stuff you guys can probably get organic at your local supermarket. But if you want water key for a key for grains, Mastic Gum, you'll see that on the food site and the Oregon Supplement site. So thank you guys again for joining me today and I will see you for tomorrow. One last thing guys, I will have just an apple as a snack. Sometimes I dip this in the walnut butter. Tonight I'm not doing that. You know, it's just relatively low calories, just for fiber, hydration and just a little something sweet.


Hello people of the internet, my name is Johnny and welcome back to another update video this time on the future of FNAF AR. So I originally wasn't going to cover this because I had already done a lot of recording when this news came out and it was so, so freaking hot in my room that I just could not be bothered to sit down and record. But it seems like there are a lot of people who are confused about what new characters are coming to FNAF AR. Not just for next week, but also basically the entire rest of the year. So I decided, you know what, I shouldn't make a video covering all of the news we have so far about new characters, when they're all coming out, so we can hopefully all be on the same track. Also, I did a video not too long ago about Lefty coming to FNAF AR very soon, which we will get into later, but I highly recommend watching that first because I will be bringing up topics from that video in this one. Let's first start off with what's going on this week. So with yesterday being Thursday, you would expect that we would have a new skin yesterday, but nobody got a new skin, so what's going on? Well, a couple days ago, Lumix posted this. They said, you told us that you've been missing animatronics from previous events, so tomorrow we'll be bringing back a special crew for a short event before the new character comes to FNAF AR next week. And then yesterday, they tweeted this out saying, the arcade's a great place to cool off from the summer heat.   BR Toy Freddy, System Arrow Toy Bonnie, High School Toy Chica, and Ape Baby are all back in the game for this week. I'm not really sure why they did this, because I highly doubt that they had a lot of people begging Lumix to bring back these skins. I have a feeling they just needed a bit more time to work on the character, which by the way, let's talk about that new character. So this Thursday on August 27th, we will be getting a brand new character. Lumix has already mentioned in the past that the last week of August, which is next week, we will be getting a brand new character after five months. It was back in March when we got Mangle, which again, I know Ape Baby is a character, but like, come on, I'm talking about a new character from FNAF that has already been a character, not Ape Baby. Oh, Johnny blocks, but Ape Baby was in the sister location minigame. I know I'm talking about a real animatronic, for some reason people just can't get that into their head. I know Ape Baby is a character, I'm just saying a animatronic, not a 8-bit sprite, okay? So when Lumix told us that there was a new character coming the final week of August, they also told us to look out for clues. And as it turns out, a couple days ago, we got an email in the game that says, shh, it's oh so quiet. Now, again, this is talking about the video I did previously on the channel, but we all assume that it is going to be Lefty. Not only does Lefty constantly say shh in Ultimate Custom Night, Lefty was also accidentally added into the game as a profile picture and he was teased in the teaser trailer. So let me also set another thing straight. A lot of people are saying that it could be the puppet because the puppet is inside of Lefty. Not only does the puppet not go shh, but you also gotta keep in mind that yes, the puppet is in Lefty, but that doesn't make Lefty directly the puppet. Lefty is its own character, it is a separate entity from the puppet. Yes, the puppet is in Lefty, but that doesn't necessarily mean Lefty is the puppet. So yeah, a lot of people are saying that it could be the puppet. It could be, really, but based off this email, I think it's more likely to be Lefty. Also, Lefty's voice actress posted on her Instagram before the game was even released that she did voice recording for this game. So yeah, I definitely do think Lefty is coming out this Thursday. So now that we can determine that Lefty is most likely coming next week and that he is the character coming that week, let's move on to the future characters coming to the game. So a couple of days ago, again, I did a community post on this, but I didn't make a video on it. Alumix tweeted out this picture, and the caption reads, This fall, come one, come all. And at first, a lot of people were confused about what this image meant. It says, come one, come all, up at the top, it has the gang, right in the middle of this poster. It says the Fazbear Circus, and then it says, let's play down at the bottom. Twisted magic, ravenous animals, mesmerizing dances, and fun with clowns.  Well, shortly after this image was put up, a lot of people were making connections to a group of characters called the fun time characters. All of the names of the attractions that I just mentioned can be directly linked with each fun time character that is not in the game right now. So everyone excluding baby. Twisted magic is fun time Freddy, ravenous animals is fun time Foxy, mesmerizing dances is Blora, and fun with clowns is Ennard.  It's a bit of a stretch, but it does work. Ravenous animal is fun time Foxy because fun time Foxy is a fox, which is a ravenous predator. Mesmerizing dances, obviously that's Blora because Blora is a ballerina that dances all the time.  So now that we've made those connections between the names on the poster and the fun time characters, what order are they coming to the game in? Well, going back to the poster, it can clearly be seen that Belora is in the shadow. A lot of people are saying that this looks like the puppet, but guys, this is Belora. I'm going to be doing a side by side and a little fade on top of this image with a Belora model. And you cannot tell me that was not Belora. So based off of that shadow, it can be determined that Belora is most likely going to be the first character. And the poster and tweet does say this fall, so we can expect these characters towards the end of September, more towards October because that is when fall starts. We can't determine if these characters are going to be added the week. It turns fall, but I'm sure it'll be close. If Illumix is teasing these characters a month before fall actually arrives, I'm guessing they will probably arrive towards the start of fall. It also is a bit interesting why they started teasing it right now. Hopefully that means that they've been walking really hard on these characters. And again, hopefully that means that they're going to be released early in fall. So I think that's the main reason why people are confused about what character is coming next. Is it Belora because they just teased Belora shadow or is it Lefty because of all of the other evidence we have, the Lefty coming. So I think that is the order of which characters will be added. Going back over it, we have the Arcane Mayhem skins this week and then next week we will have Lefty. And then after Lefty, we'll have three or four weeks to fill up time before these fun time characters arrive. So I'm guessing probably more skins. And then once fall rolls around, we will start to get Belora and then the other fun time characters in any order. I really do have high hopes for all of these new characters because again, as I mentioned, we have not had one in five months, excluding Ape Baby again, because dang it, Elumix, why did you make them a character? They were clearly a skin. You just had to give them a CPU, though I do really like their CPU, I will say. So because I have been here for a long time, I don't really want to talk about mechanics all that much, but I will just for a short while. Lefty, I have a feeling it's going to have something to do with a music box because again, the puppet is inside of Lefty and in UCM, Lefty's mechanic revolves around the music box. Maybe they'll throw in a heat mechanic. I don't know how they would do that necessarily though. Maybe they'll also have a noise mechanic when you turn on the flashlight and turn it off and when you shock. It makes noise. I don't know. I'm just trying to make connections back to previous mechanics with Lefty because again, they were sensitive to heat and sound in UCM. And the heat mechanic was introduced in Freddy Fazbear's Pizza Sim, which was where Lefty originated from. So I'm just trying to make those connections. I don't know what they're gonna do. Again, I have high hopes though. For Blower, I have a feeling it's probably gonna have something to do with noise. So again, maybe adding noise when Lefty gets introduced would be a good idea. I think Blower will be a very, very interesting character to have in the game because if they don't make it so that as she moves around, her music goes around with her, if they don't do that, then I will legitimately be very mad at a remix. And then the closer she gets to you, the music gets louder. I think that'd be a good idea for a mechanic. Funtime Freddy, he will probably run around you. He'll throw a bonbon at you. You gotta like turn quickly. He'll say, get ready for surprise. You gotta turn 180. Maybe. I think that'd be cool. Funtime Foxy will obviously have something to do with the flashlight because in the sister location, they have the flash beacon. I'm not sure what they could do with Enderd. Being honest, maybe take advantage of his voice mimic. All of the wires he has. I don't know what they could do with Enderd if I'm being honest. Leave your suggestions in the comments. But yeah, basically I just wanted to make things as clear as possible for what new characters are coming for the rest of this year. Hopefully it all makes sense. I know this is very confusing because they just put out this teaser for characters that aren't coming for another month. So yeah, hopefully I cleared everything up. Hopefully you guys understand. And hopefully we'll have a Funtime with these new characters. Again, I have high hopes. I'm very, very excited. So I hope they do well with these new characters. I really do. But yeah, that's it for me. Thank you all so much for watching and I'll see you all on the flip side.


Be very careful. Your words have power. However, there's a difference between creative power and cultivating power. Only God's words have creative power. We can't cause things to come into existence by what we speak. Only when we echo what God's voice has declared, do those words then have creative power. The belief that we have creative power outside of what God declares can lead to fear-based superstitious legalism. Now, our words do indeed have power, but what kind of power? The word declares life and death are in the power of the tongue. God's words create, our words cultivate. You have the power to speak truth or deception, encouragement or discouragement, wisdom or foolishness, purity or impurity. Words change the way we think and therefore behave and therefore live. Be careful what you say. Life and death are in the power of the tongue.


We're here at, beyond 2015, the Global Youth Summit in San Jose, Costa Rica, and I'm very pleased to be joined by Intervagan Doreen Bogate, who is principal youth officer for the Ministry of Transport and Communications for Botswana. Doreen, thank you very much indeed for being with us today. Thank you for having me. I'd like to start off by asking you about your presence here at the Global Youth Summit beyond 2015, and just really what brought you here and what you're hoping will come from it. Thank you very much. We are here. We have joined the summit. I have four young people who have come all the way from Botswana with me. We wanted just so that the young people can get to know what other young people are doing in using ICTs to improve the lives of their communities and themselves, because we have realized that young people, when it comes to ICT, they can do wonders for your country, because we have so, as a developing nation, we have so many problems and we need solutions to those problems. So we have brought these young people here to come and engage with other young people, to hear from the experts of the ICTs on how they can empower themselves and even bring change in their country, Botswana. Just experienced the first day here at the summit. What have been your impressions? Very good indeed. We've enjoyed ourselves this morning. There are a lot of topics that are very engaging, and I'm hoping my young people that I've brought along are participating strongly so that when they get back home, they'd be able to share with other young people, because they are gathered there, back home, waiting for them to give them feedback so that they know where young people are taking Botswana with ICTs. What are you hoping is going to come from this summit? What I like about this summit is that it's hands-on. Young people are going to be doing things. When they leave here, there's going to be a heccathon where they'd be participating fully, and when they get back home, whether they have one or not, at least they would have engaged with other young people from different countries to come up with new solutions to the problems that we may be facing in the world. Doreen, thank you very much indeed for being here today. I thank you for having me.


Hi everyone Joe for jaspys case breaks comm coming at you with 2019 2020 upper deck ingrained hockey brand new release Just came out yesterday five box pick your team number three So big thanks to these folks who got involved in the action There it is. I don't know who bought who bought the last team There's no last-bought mojo star next to anybody's name. I think oh rich with the Rangers It's official now rich now there was also a Number block right here 14 teamer featuring all those teams right there There it is now. There are There are Not too many but a couple non numbered cards we may encounter or possibly even hits If that happens, we're gonna group them into one lot and randomize it to one person here at the end of the break Now let's pop open this fresh master case Think this is the right one I think it's the right one two five box inners So we'll go one two three for the top one and four five six for the bottom one I'm gonna select that die right there and it's six We do the bottom one one two three and four five six so this Right here. We're gonna save for next time There you go. That's in green pick your team for which is on the site right now No number block or any filler or anything like that. So if we want to sell this out straight up We can and we can break my sofa behind me to see if I have good luck. Good luck. Good luck. Good luck. I like the the wood Though like the laser-cut wood design and all that sort of sense a sharp-looking set Thanks everyone for giving this a shot Back down there. There's Sebastian a ho Synthesis that is not numbered Carolina. They'll go part of the non-numbered group right there And we got to 299 Quinn Hughes Canucks that'll be for Sean This is use a blank card right here, and then we got Heinrich Sadeen another canuck Another one for Sean and we've got Bobby Hall. Wow legendary signature shots Right on the wood that is sharp nine out of ten For the Chicago Blackhawks and that is that is new guy mojo New to hockey Mike V And jurors. Good. I Jack Jersey number as well There you go. Mike V join the number block got randomized nine Got The Bobby Hall He was like these cards. I don't know. He's like I know nothing about hockey I don't know anything about hockey either I know who Bobby Hall is though. That's pretty nice. Mike was the same way. It was just like I'll just join these look nice There you go Jimmy Schult rookie signature shots 212 out of 249 That will be for Vegas. That's gonna go to Eric. Eric Gonzalez with that. There you go Eric And we've got Nico Hirscher ingrained autograph That'll be for New Jersey. That'll be for Matt Buckler Not number.  So that's part of that non numbered group Remember pick your team the second inner case pick your team for is available No number blocks or anything like that. So get your teams Straight up if you would like we filled one up without the help of a number block last night So I think should go this one's heavy. Oh, okay. All right We got here. We got Dylan Larkin 1 out of 49 Detroit Sean Buffalo Jack Jack Eichel Sabres that goes to Sabres 9. That's another one for Mike V. We've got Hila McCabe 217 out of 299 Toronto. That's a number block and that is Number block 7 Jack With 7 Toronto 7 rookie signature shots Noah Dobson New York Islanders 104 out of 249 the Islanders are also a number block team Islanders 4 It's Mark L With Islanders 4 Nick Galvin saying a nice Noah Dobson. Yeah, you guys you guys have to let me know too if these are good players or not All right, the thing on the bottom is Honorary engravings that Art Ross trophy Peter Forsberg Colorado Avalanche Andy with the abs 36 out of 100 on that one the Art Ross trophy which honors the You know honors the I'm not looking it up. I promise. It's on the tip of my tongue Awarded to the National Hockey League player who leads the league in points at the end of the regular season Right off the top of my head. Well, what do we got here? Oh? hand numbered 21 out of 25 Huh anyone know this autograph? Number 86 any guesses here Is that Hughes? J Hughes Jack Jack John Hughes the filmmaker It's Jack Hughes Synthesis autograph. Wow. I hear he's pretty good. This design is really sharp.  There's Anthony Duclair Ottawa a Non-numbered card part of that non-numbered group sharks 261 out of 299 Brendan O'Neill with the sharks Eric Branstram 274 out of 299 That's for the senators. That's gonna go to senators for Mark L All right your hits Mackenzie McGeechran Rookie signature shot 77 out of 249 That's a Michael Wheeler with the St. Louis Blues Rookie signature shot shot shot shot shot shot shot We have Mark Andre Fleury That's a remnant relic and an autograph up there Kind of hard to see remnants right there. There it is remnants relic and Autograph mark Andre Fleury 8 out of 35 Vegas Golden Knights Eric Gonzalez. That's pretty sweet Game used hockey memorabilia in here as well and Buffalo Remnants relic Phil Housley 80 out of 100 Buffalo, so Buffalo is a number block today. So 80 8 0 that goes to Buffalo 0 Mark L No worries charismatic Congrats. That's a nice one Matt back hues The case was a little scratched up, but I'm sure the card itself is fine. All right mark Andre Fleury 50 out of 50 for Vegas That'll be for Eric. There's Wayne Gretzky 244 out of 299 the great one going to Andy and the Oilers Oilers edition Phillips Dean in 28 out of 299 For the red wings that will be for Sean Your hits oh grab just one hit here Rookie signature shots Riley Stillman 245 out of 249 Panthers Panthers are a number block team Panthers five Florida five Jack B On the board. We got Connor Clifton Boston Bruins Boston Bruins a number block team Is this numbered? It's not that's gonna be part of that non-numbered groups now. There's an auto in that non-numbered group It's a little more spicy now more mark Andre Fleury 45 out of 65 more for Eric and the Vegas Golden Knights There you go. Yeah, not not not a bad break for you Eric doing well and there's a Michael Bodeker 30 out of 100 Ottawa Zero Ottawa is a number block team. That's right. Ottawa zero Mark L There you go game use hockey memorabilia part of the stick I would assume All right last one here another one that's encased slide these Out here as well. All right synthesis for the Rangers Kapokako I've heard of this guy That will be rich and the Rangers Blue Jackets 125 to 299 Columbus is a number block team. So Columbus five will be for Jack Jack B Cody glass 109 to 299 for Eric got Bernie Jeffrey in 12 out of 100 remnants relic for the Canadians So Montreal Canadians as a number block team Canadians to Nick Nick D Rookie seniors shots Tobias Bjornfot 13 out of 249 for the Kings Have the number two overall pick in the draft They can start that rebuild Kings three Ryan H with Kings three and the last one here is Silver Inc autograph That's Thomas Cabot nice and That's Ottawa not numbered part of that group. Let's do that randomizer Nice break ladies and gentlemen. So let's go back to this list right here. So everyone on this list has a shot Shot shot shot shot after Three and a six nine times name on top after nine one two three four five six seven eight and Ninth and final time after nine There you go Mike new guy just starting off break and hockey He does other stuff First time doing a hockey gets gets a couple extra hits and some extra cards to start his hockey collection There you go, man. You're hooked now. You're hooked Mike. All right Thanks for watching Joe for Jasper's case breaks calm the next and grain doesn't have a number block If we want to fill that up straight up We totally can if you want to wait for a number block we we can do that as well So up to you Jasper's case breaks calm. I'm Joe. Thanks for letting me practice hockey names. I'll see you next time. Bye. Bye


I'm gonna go out a little bit because that's a very good question. I'm gonna go out a little bit in sports today in my opinion okay There's been more injuries now more now today in sports and activities now more than ever before in the history of mankind and May in my opinion. This is my opinion. Okay? I'm gonna tell you something funny afterwards In my opinion It's because of the faulty one-size-fits-all real-world training applications in Sports in sports on NFL major league baseball hockey NBA This the idea I remember what I told you before the idea is to trigger benefits stimulate the idea of stimulate muscles Strengthen them in the best way Possible, okay, if you do it right even if you don't even do it hard You're not gonna get they're hurting themselves in white rooms. I've seen some of the practices over the years They're almost ridiculous beyond your wildest expectations, but Bertrand Russell once said since when has it been ever indicated the majority is right about anything and the majority is doing all This type of training in sports But I've never seen so many injuries in my life. You can correct me if I'm wrong about this I'm sure as statistics a sky high compared to what they used to be So apparently somebody's wrong either they're wrong or I'm wrong and I don't think I'm wrong but I Was you left me out on a tangent, but Arthur Jones once said You know which we should do with all the football coaches that allow this to happen But a thousand of them in a 747 flam right into a mountain. I agree with that. I Agree with that. I mean Jesus. I mean I see I've watched I see cuts of the NBA athletes training They can remember The war is out there The practice of the sport itself is the conditioning for the sport if you train the muscles directly And then apply it out to the battle out there. You're going to be better off Imitating any particular thing like the argument about a power clean Like we said before it made better power claims or what good value is it? Apparently that people have a Emotional attachment to them told they tell me it's better But the idea is to stimulate muscles. Okay, and we can talk about this later. I'll I'm an open book. I'd love to discuss it with you later because I'll stick around watch some of the speakers The idea is To stimulate the muscles and then apply it to the sport There's way too much conditioning going on in sports day. You look at mixed martial arts. They do nothing They have all certain different. They have wrestling grappling Jiu-Jitsu striking And what are they doing? Swinging they're doing ropes and doing things unrelated to the activity They're beating themselves up. They're wasting their reserves and no way go to fight. There's nothing there Very very difficult. I mean the training in sports today is a cultural disaster What makes me an expert at that what you see in a face value You already you know the injuries are more today. I mean obviously I can believe the number of injuries The best example that is if you call the sports and really not sports game is Tiger Woods Here's the guy that's most supposed to be most fit guy, right? fit guy and golf Big muscles broad shoulder Vitality he can't even play the game now because he injured his backs darn much He's had surgeries. He had he's got physical problems beyond your wildest understanding It's not because he swings any faster than the other guys the other guys swings just as fast It's just his training routines were bad Okay


Everybody forced here ripping a box of 2022 leaf autograph football jerseys For Richard K. I'm here for Richard coming up. Thanks, Richard. Good luck. Let's see Sick Warren moon That's so nasty.  He's always got a good sing Hall of Fame 06 and scribes Number one Houston Oilers right there That's awesome You go Richard congrats on that one. Yeah, he was a stud super underrated all time. That'll do it. We'll get it right out to you


I put this screencast together to show you how you might be able to open older iPhoto libraries with Apple's new photo app and then export the photos from that to a separate folder which you can then re-import back into the photos app. Problem is if you have multiple iPhoto libraries there isn't an easy way to actually consolidate those libraries together unless you use third party tools. Also I just want to make sure I understand how you've exported those photos or stored those photos on the various external hard disks. I'm assuming that what you've got is separate iPhoto libraries rather than a folder full of images. So this is a folder I've created with four Canon RAW image files. I'll talk more about different file types in a second but I'll show you how you can actually bring both types in. So let's open up the photos app. Database at the moment is empty and the first thing I'm going to do is to import those four photo files. So from file import browse to where those files are. Then select them all and click review for import. Import all new photos. And so that's now started our photo library. You might already have an Apple photo library with some photos in which would be your starting point. I just wanted to create a starting point here. And the other reason I did this is I just want to explain very briefly the choices that you have after you've converted a iPhoto library. In terms of exporting you can either export them as originals or you can export the edited version. So to just show you the difference on that very quickly there's one photo here which I'm just going to do a very quick edit. And I'm just going to do a crop. So you can see what I've done. Go back to look at the whole library there so you can now see that image is cropped. So I'm going to export it twice once as the original which is the raw image file that's come straight off the camera. And then I'll export the edited version as well. So let's do the original first. So file export unmodified original. Export and I just put that on the desktop. So you can see here that that's the original image rather than the edited version. And then I'm going to do the same thing but export the edited version. This is where you can choose the file format. I guess the most common file format that most photos use is JPEG which is a compressed format which means you're losing some information. There's an algorithm basically that looks at the information it thinks is safe to lose that the eye can't really see but you are losing some data. There are differences in formats. TIFF is actually a lossless format but creates a significantly larger file size and PNG is about halfway house. It's not as good as a TIFF but doesn't create as larger file sizes. So it's a sort of a compromise but JPEG tends to be a fairly common standard for compressed photos certainly. So we'll just export that out into the same place. And what I'm going to do I'm just going to for the sake of this just change the name very quickly. So that's the original and that one is the edited version. I'm going to re-import those back and this is similar to how you would actually import those photos that you've exported from a converted iFotos library. So you can see here the difference. So that's the original exported as an original which is obviously the original file and then that's the edited version. I guess the key thing here is is what is the file format of the original photos that you're storing. If from the camera they're just been exported as JPEGs and stored in the iFotos library as JPEGs then it's probably just as easy to choose the exporter's edited version so you don't lose all your edits. If you do have raw files and you want to retain all the extra data that a raw photo file has you might want to then have a think about what you want to do. Anyway, so that's showing you how to import photos into the photos app from a folder of images. We're now going to look at actually opening and converting an iFotos library. So I'm just going to shut down photos. So as you're opening photos press the Alt key down then if you don't see the library listed here click on the other library button and click Open. It will then update that library and convert it into the new photos format. So we'll just wait for that to complete so that the import has now been completed and what we'll need to then do is export all those photos out again so we can re-import them into our original photos library. To do that you can actually select all the photos under Edit, Select All. However, for this demonstration I'm just going to select a few just to show you the principle. And then as I showed you in the earlier part of the screencast file export and you can then choose to export the modified version if you've made any edits or you can export the original photos. So I'm going to choose the original photos here export and what I'm going to do I'm just going to put those into a new folder. So photo exports, there we go, export originals. That's done. So now what we've done we've opened our old iPhoto library in the Photos app. We've then exported all of those photos out into a folder. So again we can close photos down, open photos back up with the Alt key pressed down so we can re-select our main library which is this one here. And then we can file import all the files that we just exported. So go back to import all new photos. There we go. So obviously that was just using a few of those images and by repeating that process by opening and converting your iPhoto libraries exporting those photos out into a folder then re-importing them back into your main photos library you'll be able to consolidate all your photos in one place. I wouldn't worry too much about duplicates. There are tools that will help you sub-illuminate duplicates. Again third-party tools not necessarily stuff that's provided within the Photos app itself. That might be the easiest way to approach it but I hope that screencast has been helpful. Alright, cheers.


Technology is a tool. As a tool, it doesn't exist in a vacuum, it is dropped into a society. Society decides how every person uses that tool in a very decentralized manner. As you use the tool, you change the tool. Your interaction with technology changes its nature, its modes, to become what you want it to be. That is true of centralized technologies. It is ten times as true of decentralized, open systems, where innovation does not require permission, where the development is guided by consensus in an open system. It is absolutely naive to assume that just because the founder thinks this is what it will be, that is what it will be. It turns out that Ethereum is not a system of applications that run exactly as written, without third-party interference, censorship, etc. Bitcoin is not simply a system of period-to-period digital cash. They evolve. The tricky thing about evolution is, even when it is directed, when you make a choice on any feature of the system, you are constrained by two things. One, you have no idea what the market plays, what society will do with that choice, and what path it will send you down. More importantly, when you make that choice, you are always making a trade-off. If you choose one path, you close the possibility of pursuing other paths.  But by necessity, you cannot breathe in open air.  Every choice opens one path and closes billions of other possibilities that could have been pursued. Even if you knew exactly where you were going, choices have consequences. They limit things. They are trade-offs. They are inherently trade-offs. The reason I am using the lion and the shark as an example is because I think that is one way to look at these systems of blockchains that we have, Ethereum and Bitcoin, when comparing them. If Ethereum is a shark, it is the apex predator within its own environment. It is a fast swimmer. It can breathe underwater. It eats anything that bothers it. If Bitcoin is a lion, it rules the land, but it doesn't swim very well. You can never really put these two apex predators in a ring together and say, Let the best one win, because the outcome is decided entirely by whether you fill that fighting ring with water or not. Fitness for purpose is something that is decided through this evolutionary process in a marketplace. There is no such thing as best. In evolutionary terms, fitness does not mean the strongest. It means the one that has the best adaptation for its environment. Then the question becomes, what is the environment for Ethereum? What is the environment for Bitcoin? What applications are the ones that are most suited to be solved with something like Ethereum? What applications are the ones that are most suited to be solved by Bitcoin? Or any of the other systems out there? And necessarily, some choices have consequences. What is Ethereum best suited for? Ethereum has made some very specific trade-offs, and these were not accidental. They were very deliberate. It is a Turing-complete language, which offers enormous flexibility in programming, and brings Ethereum applications very close to the actual platform. Bitcoin is not Turing-complete, and that is not an accident. It is not Turing-complete for a very specific purpose. It is designed to be extremely limited in its flexibility in order to deliver very robust security. Simplicity is a fundamental security practice. If you choose to do things in a very simple way to make them robustly secure, you necessarily close the door on billions of applications that we have never thought of. You do not have the flexibility to do. If you choose to create the flexibility to do those applications, you are also signing up for a much more rapid pace of development, but also for much more complexity, which means many more bugs, many more unexpected conditions, many more unpredictable and unintended consequences. One necessitates the other. Ethereum and Bitcoin have launched themselves on different paths. Those paths do not cross. Bitcoin cannot do many of the things that Ethereum does. Ethereum cannot do many of the things that Bitcoin does, but they can both do something miraculous. They can reorder the fundamental institutions of society around network-centric systems of organization instead of institutions. They can create opportunities for innovation without permission. I am a maximalist for open, borderless, decentralized, permissionless systems that allow us to solve problems in society with technology that is open for everyone. Celebrate the line, celebrate the shark. They are both kings of their own unique environmental niche. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe, like, and share. All my work is shared for free. So, if you want to support it, join me on Patreon.


Who do you know? What do you know about the first overall pick in the draft? Because this was startling numbers. We saw this literally as we woke up this morning. Okay, Aiden Hutchinson minus 175 to go number one overall has been the favorite to go number one overall by everybody since this entire draft season has begun. Now we wake up this morning, Trevon Walker minus 155 to go number one overall. Aiden Hutchinson now plus money to go number one overall. When we initially launched this market back in March and added Trevon Walker, he was 30 to one to be the number one pick in the draft this year. As you said, Hutchinson has been a strong favorite since then, but overnight we saw a real rush of really what I would say is respected money for Trevon Walker. And normally with these markets, when you see a rush of money like this, it tends to tell a bigger story than even the bets themselves. So I would pay a lot of respect to the idea that Trevon Walker will be the first pick on Thursday.


Hey, Abbott, what time is it? It's time for the Abbott and Costello Show. We're on the air for ABC here in Hollywood.  Let's go with the Abbott and Costello Show. The Abbott and Costello Show. Produced and transcribed in Hollywood be a listening and laughing pleasure. Juckles with a carload and music by Maddie Maldeck. So hold on to your chairs, folks, for here they are, but Abbott and Lou Costello. Ladies and gentlemen, just as strictly to the audience, ladies and gentlemen, right now we introduce our new special feature on the Abbott and Costello program called Start the Music. To the person that can identify this tune, we will give a beautiful television set. Now here's the tune. He threw the back door. He couldn't. It was buttoned down too tight. 3,000 wives. 3,000 wives? Yeah, he says that every morning when he comes down to breakfast, he sings the harem song. The harem song? What's that? Everybody don't leave. I've got royal blood in my veins. Oh, you have? My grandmother went back to Sir Walter Raleigh. My grandmother smokes a pipe too, you know. You know, I've got to leave now, Abbott. I've got a date with my new girl. She's from Texas. She's a real cow girl. She says all her time with her cattle. She eats with the cattle, she sleeps with the cattle, and practically lives with the cattle. Are you going to make love with it? Well, it's only if the wind is right.  Abbott and Costello will be back after just the time it takes to tell this. There's a crisp new addition to your light summer salad diet of ABC programs. The show with a pocket full of stars, songstress Peggy Mann, the rhythmic starlight here is Edward Gilbert's orchestra, and your favorite 10 o'clock dinner. It's called Name the Movie and features a special quiz on Movieland with a famous screen personality as guest each week to act as quiz masters. Film fans will thoroughly enjoy the opportunity to follow along and test their knowledge of motion pictures both old and new, legal to the popular screen favorites of the day and yesterday. ABC's new summer series, Name the Movie, has everything. Your favorite ballads, the old songs, the ones you ask for again and again, the new fun of a new quiz, a famous Hollywood quiz master each week, plus a talented cast including Peggy Mann, Clark Dennis and the Starlighters. Yes, Name the Movie is the perfect combination of quiz and melody. So be on hand when it comes your way tonight on many of these ABC stations. And now back to ABC's Abbott and Costello show. But what are you so excited about? Boy, did we have trouble at my house last night. Somebody stole my Aunt May's purse with all her savings in it. It was $87. No, that's a shame. Many old down dirty thieves that would do a thing like that ought to be shot. Costello, you ought to find him and shoot him.  I know you.  That's a serious statement to make. Can you prove it? Apparently, I sneaked in Uncle Mike's room to steal his watch to hock it. And there was Aunt May's purse right in his pocket. You were going to steal your Uncle Mike's watch to hock it? Mm-hmm. Why did you do a thing like that? Aunt May told me to do it. It's disgusting, Costello. Your Uncle Mike steals money from your Aunt May and your Aunt May steals money from your Uncle Mike and your whole family steals money. They do not. My brother Pat never stole a dollar in his life. He didn't. He steals automobile tires. He's taking that money. What did he do Saturday night? Well, you know those two towels, they have marked his and hers. Yes. He used hers. Your Uncle Mike get a job and stop loafing around the house. Well, he's got a job at the California Highway Traffic, your father. And his plan will simplify transportation in Southern California. Well, what is his plan? Now, here it is. And it's very simple. Everybody listen. First, he's going to move Cucamonga to Azusa. Then he's going to move Azusa to Cucamonga. Now, suppose a man wants to go to Azusa and he's in Cucamonga. He stays home and he's in Azusa. Yeah, man. Suppose a man lives in Cucamonga and he wants to stay in Cucamonga. Abbot, who wants to stay in Cucamonga? When does he start to work with the traffic department? Well, they're breaking him in now. He's stationed up on Mulholland Drive on Saturday night. He's got a sound truck and he hollers out traffic messages to the motors to keep the roads open. What kind of messages? Well, like this. Oh, moochers and knickers.   Did you ever go to college? Did you ever go to high school? Did you ever go to grammar school? When he gets to kindergarten, have I got an answer for him? Did you ever go to kindergarten? No. And that's my answer. The reason you are so sadly lacking in intelligence. Yes, but don't forget. What I lack in intelligence, I make up in a stupidity. Yes, but don't forget.  Oh, yeah. My grandfather's 104 years old and he's alive. Would be the oldest memory of the family room. I've got enough on my mother's side. My uncle Tom's is a miss in Baltimore. He died at the age of 130. He did. 130. Do tell. Last week, we dug him up. And you want to know something about it? Why? He looks better than you do right now. Hello, that's a pretty old joke. Yes, and he was a pretty old man. I didn't know you came from a family of long livers. Are you kidding? My brother-in-law, Joe Kirk has a liver 30 feet long. Long time has I heard that joke? Yes, but that's a long liver. I forgot about your family. You'd better start worrying about yourself, Lou. You don't look so good. That's because I haven't been sleeping much lately. What do you mean? Every night I have the same nightmare. I dreamed of a guy chasing me with a long shop night. He'd chase me all the way up from St. Boulevard to Santa Monica, all over the mountains, right up to my house in North Hollywood. And that's been going on for the past two weeks. Oh, that's terrible. It is. You must be completely worn out. Well, I would be, but for one thing. What's that? Last night, I found a shortcut. Hi. Uncle Louie, hang on to Louie. It's Abbott's nephew, folks. What do you want, Norman? Uncle Louie, I heard you say you couldn't sleep. And I hope you get some sleep real soon. Because when you don't sleep, you get irritable. And when you're irritable, you get mad at me. And when you get mad at me, you'll cut my salary. And when you cut my salary, I won't be able to pay my rent. And if I can't pay my rent, that'll evict me. And if I haven't got any home, then I'll be a bum. And you can't expect my wife to live with a bum just because you can't sleep. Abbott, I'm telling you right here and now. You're your nephew, Norman. Ain't gonna amount to a thing. Why? I'll tell you why, because last week I got him a small job. He wouldn't take it. He could have made a lot of money selling Santa Anita long underwear at half price. Santa Anita long underwear. At half price. Well, how can they sell it at half price? The fact is, forgot to put in a good dollar window. If you and Norman were over to my house last week while I was away. Yes. We built a new radio cabinet for your wife.  And when I tuned it on, I couldn't get any music. Only loud talking. And for the past week, all I get is talk. Did my wife like the cabinet? Now that you mention it, I haven't seen her since I sealed up the box. Studying radio at night, if you see LA. And there's one thing that I don't understand about radio. Well, friend, maybe we can help you. Abbot and I have been making our living on radio for the last 10 years. Yeah, that's the one thing I can't understand. One up is enough.  But why do they have to come in and bother me? Let's reach out and have a cigar. Rockabye, baby. Have a cigar, Melny. Here, give all the boys in the band one, too. Rockabye, baby. Hey, wait. Passing out cigars. I just got a call from the wife, but there's a pattern of little feet around my house. Everybody have a cigar. But Joe, Joe, those feet are on the house. Well, I've just found out it's my relations of yours out of here. Wait a minute. What makes you think my relations are Republican? There can't be that many Democrats out of work. All right. Why must you be so bitter towards my relatives? You should learn to be friendly with people. Don't you have any human interests? Only when I go to a burly show. What's the burly show got to do with human interests? Well, I'm human, and that's my interests. You should try to be more kind to people, even animals, and birds, and bees love each other. Why don't you get closer to nature and become a nature lover? I'm a nature lover. Well, if you are, then why do you spend all your time chasing girls? Well, that's my nature, lover. That's, Stella, why don't you stop chasing girls?   Why, you might wind up with a corner on steel, selling cars, or a corner on weeds, selling flowers. A corner on hollywood fire and selling apples. Well, that only proves that you have no sense of value.  I'll take the blonde. But the land I'm thinking of is on Wilshire Boulevard and has a beautiful front. The blonde I'm thinking of is on Wilshire Boulevard and has, you keep the land. Hiya, girl. The Oliva. Oh, the Oliva and our little secretary. Well, the Oliva, you look gorgeous tonight. How about you and me taking a ride in my car after the show? I found a new place to park. Really? A new place to park? Up in the Hollywood Hills. A new place. You dummy, why, every guy in his brother parks up in the Hollywood Hills? They do not. I was up there last night. And I looked in every car. And I wasn't one guy up there with his brother. Oh, boys, the backstage is cooking up the next act. Let's eavesdrop on this. Have you ever wondered just how a fast-moving crime drama could be offered as a public service? Well, that's just what happens each Friday night when this is your FBI's broadcast over most ABC stations. You see, this is your FBI's broadcast with the full cooperation and approval of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The full cooperation and approval. Each Friday night, this is your FBI dramatizes an authentic case based on one taken from the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Washington, showing the methods with which criminals work and how our federal agents track them down. Further, these exciting dramas point up just how plain ordinary citizens are duped by these criminals and so put listeners on guard against their being taken in by similar methods. This then is how the program performs a public service. Listen, when this is your FBI, it's heard over most of these ABC stations tomorrow night and every Friday night. Now back to ABC's Abbot and Costello show.  Here he is with Maddie Malek in his orchestra. Never thought these eyes were what these modern fellas will think of them shivers and superatomic charms.   Oh, no, I won't. What makes you so sure? I blew it off last night. You're not a body detective.  I am not uneducated. I would just- Today you were promoted from the third grade to the fourth grade. Yes. How can you remember that? Of course, that morning I was so nervous I had to get my mother to shave me. Shove-up detector theory. All listeners are crazy about it. Here's a fan letter I got today and it says, see you, Luc Costello. That Sam Shove-up detector you are the funniest guy I ever heard. What I listen to you, I shake the house with laughter. Last week I laughed so hard I thought the shielding would cave in. I've come to the studio to see it tonight. Mr. Costello's a man here to see you. What does he look like? I can't tell. He's all covered with flesh. I figured out the difference. What's your Sam Shove-up story about tonight, folks? Well, it's one of my oriental cases, Abbott. One of my oriental cases. I call it the case of the Chinaman who poised his own food or he committed shop suicide. Shove-up private detective. They call me a private eye. I can smell a murderer a mile away. I can smell a frame up. I can smell anything crooked. Private eye.  I look at myself in the mirror. I notice that my hair needs shortening. I'm all out of crisco. Packet me from the mirror. No one of the girls are crazy about me. Before I became a detective, I had girls to burn. Yes, I had girls to burn, but I gave it up. I found out there's no fun in burning girls. I notice a mouse crawling across my office or church mouse or my equipment. There's my gun. There's my handcuffs. There's my binoculars. I'm glad I got the plan for the secret weapon. Those are my spy glasses. I decided to fill out my application for a 1949 California driver's license. They're making the test tougher this year. To get a license, you have to learn to speak big Latin. That's so you can talk to the road hogs in Hollywood. On my desk, I noticed a picture of one of the cleverest women crooks in the business. He was what the police call a top draw thief. When I finally caught her, she had a garage full of top drawers. He was a cute girl but very shy. The first time I saw her, she'd drop her eyes. I'd pick them up. One was a naggot. Her real turnip nose.  She had a very clever racket. He'd make a friend of a guy, kiss him and give him a cold.  I finally arrested her for making friends and influencing people. I'm not in this detective racket. I always remember my mother's advice. She said to me, Sam, if you want to get a job, remember the early bird catches the worm. I followed that advice for 20 years. I never got a job, but I got about 8 million worms. He also gave me, my brother Pat, his advice also. He said to him, go west, young man, go west. He followed her advice and drowned. He was living in Pismo Beach at the time. Suddenly, I see someone coming into the office. Hello, Sam Shello. Hello, Lieutenant Abbott. Pull up a chair and sit down. I'm tired. I've been taking care of the mother's cops' horses. I've been working in the stables all day. Then pull up a window and sit down. I've been working on a fur robbery case. Somebody stole a mink coat. And the mink coats are hard to identify. I'm an expert on fur, Lieutenant. You know, there's two types of mink. Male and female minks. Sam, that's a good thing to know. Yes, especially if you happen to be a mink. What about the case, Sam? Tell me. How do you like my new suit? I had to admit to Lieutenant Abbott that he had good taste for clothes. Of all the detectives in town, Abbott has the best taste for clothes. He can show a profess and tell you what kind of gravy is on it. Lieutenant Abbott, why do you always wear that big Elk's tooth with a diamond in it? What's wrong with that, Sam? Lots of men wear a big Elk's tooth with a diamond in it. In the middle of the rupper plate. This remark made Lieutenant Abbott smile. I love to see him smile. He only has two teeth. But he has the most beautiful set of gums I've ever seen. Well, Sam, you've got to admit I'm a self-made man. When I was born, I was very poor. I had nothing. Lieutenant Abbott is right. He came into this world empty-handed and he had a head-to-match. Sam, I worked hard to get where I am for 20 years. I've had my nose to the grindstone. Must have been a beaut when you started. Sam, we've got to do something about crime in this town. Every day it gets worse. I know. Only last week, the girl next door, Mary Brown had her good name ruined. Mary Brown? Mary Brown had her good name ruined? How did that happen? She married a guy named Hoop and Snotter. Hello, Sam Shubble, private detective speaking. Detective Sam Shubble? Hello, I'll be glad to take the case. How do I get to the Jones farm for my office? Well, now, let me see you. Let me see you on the Jones farm. I can't work on occasion unless I get to the Jones farm. You shouldn't drive that car so fast. I started looking for clues. Rooster looks suspicious to me. Look, he's got an axe under his left wing. I'll question him, Lieutenant. Mr.  Yes, I did. I'm going to have some real Southern Fried Farmer. Now here's your master of ceremonies, that quizzical money man of the highest rank with $1,000 or more to start tonight's bank, Burt Parks. If that introduction sounds familiar, well, it should, because that's the way ABCs break the bank long one of radio's most popular quiz shows, starts off each Friday night. One of the reasons for its popularity is Burt Parks mastery as MC, another reason stems from the fun and suspense when contestants face Burt Parks. They have the opportunity of breaking the bank for at least $1,000, and the bank has now to more than $9,000. Then, too, there's the exciting wish-ball feature where listeners 16 years or older are eligible to enter their names in a giant wish-ball. Winners receive the opportunity to break the bank years from start to finish. You'll find break the bank tops and entertain them. So listen when it's on the air tomorrow night of a most ABC station. And now back for a final word from ABC's Abbot and Costello show. Ladies and gentlemen, before Abbot and Costello return for a final word, we'd like to express our thanks to these wonderfully funny guys for the many hours of comedy they've brought to ABC Network listeners since 1947. For more than 130 consecutive weeks, they're appearing before the ABC Microphone. And now they take their first vacation. Have fun this summer, fellas. And here's hoping we'll all be hearing you soon again. All right, now, let's tell the listeners who the people are that helped out to put our show on. Yes, you're not kidding. Do you mean the people who put our show together? Tonight, they nearly tore it apart. Now, that's all the more reason why we should tell the listeners who they are. Okay, all righty, staff, set it by any form with Paul Collins, Pat Costello. Now, producer is Charles Van. And our singer is Hal Winterside. Good night, everybody. The Abbot and Costello show was produced and transcribed in Hollywood. Be sure to stay tuned for the outstanding entertainment which follows throughout the evening on this ABC station. This is ABC, the American Broadcasting Company. Eight o'clock at KECA, AM and FM Los Angeles. Just $1 more from those who have contributed will save the Red Cross program, which otherwise might be cut back. Yes, just a little more will help save many more lives. Send another dollar to Red Cross, Los Angeles Six.


Hello and welcome to the Ohio University History Project. I'm Dr. Dwayne Nellis, 21st President of Ohio University. Having worked in higher education my entire career, I knew the story of Ohio University's founding as the first institution of higher education in the Northwest Territory. But I never truly appreciated the extraordinarily rich and distinctive history of this great institution until I became its president in 2017. As I began to study the university's past, I discovered a more complex and inspiring story than I ever imagined. During its first two centuries, Ohio University faced numerous challenges and setbacks. Fortunately for us, its difficulties were always met with resilience and strength to endure and grow. I'm convinced that our students, as well as our alumni, could gain a deeper appreciation of their education here if they also understood how Ohio University came to be the singular place it is today. The result is this project, an introduction to Ohio University. For everyone who visits this site, we welcome you to be reminded of Ohio University's rich history, or perhaps to experience it for the first time. I believe participating in this project will be meaningful to you as a student, alumna, or friend of the university. An introduction is designed to be an engaging learning experience in which you understand how the school's past has shaped its present. In addition, an introduction asks you to reflect on your own Ohio experiences that have made you who you are today. I invite you to participate in this project, and I'm confident that insights you gain here will be useful to you both now and in the future.