Hello hello well a massive congratulations on completing the brand Kickstarter workshop. Now as you know part of the package that you have paid for is inclusive of 10 follow-up videos, 10 other ideas, examples and worksheets that will help you to move forward to really kick start your brand and make sure that you are continuing what you did in the room to make a real impact on the people that you want to do business with and who will consequently pay for the lifestyle that you want to live. So one of the questions that we had because we like to make sure that the videos we create are completely relevant to you and by that I mean we didn't create 10 videos before the course that we're just regurgitating all the time of course there will be access to videos that we've created in the past when you go into the Facebook group you'll find all the videos that have been posted and also what we wanted to do was make sure that we were creating content that was absolutely relevant to the questions you have on the day. So this video that I'm making today is completely relevant to one of the questions that has been asked with regard to strap lines or tag lines otherwise known as slogans as well. So once you have your brand identity then you want to be known for something, something memorable, something easy, something simple and it be catchy enough that people can repeat it without you having to be there. So it might be for instance that they see your brand color and automatically boom think of your brand think of what you're about and it might be they see your icon for example golden arches you think of McDonald's when you see a tick you think of night when you see an apple you think of apples so there are really consistent things that you can do making sure that your brand and everything about you from your identity to the messages that go out about you to word of mouth that other people are repeating about what you do you want to make sure that the whole thing is consistent so this video is all about the strap line making sure that the strap line or tag line that you create for your business is completely consistent and congruent with the rest of your brand. So one thing I would say to you in terms of advice before we go into the actual content because I've created an exercise for you for this particular thing based on the question that was asked I've created this exercise so that you can go through it and refine what your strap line is and you'll probably find that you come up with a number of different messages that will help you to move forward and even if you don't use them all I'm sure they'll be pretty good and you can use them in other areas of your brand as well so this exercise is going to really help you to define who you are what you're about and help you to get that message out there in a really concise and consistent way so the one thing that I would really recommend you do is don't be reactionary and by that I mean we call it doing syndrome just because you feel like you're doing something then you must be doing something right well that's not necessarily the case and especially where it comes to the name of your brand and the strap line of your brand it's all about your identity and once you've created it you don't want to be changing it because that's how people remember you that's what people are going to know you for so you want to make sure that it's something that really really resonates just not with you but with your ideal customers too so once you've done this exercise it would be a really good idea for you to go and approach some of your ideal potential clients I don't mean existing clients or customers because you've already got a relationship with them and they're not necessarily going to tell you not that they're not honest but when you have a relationship with people and it's the typical British way that you say nice things you don't necessarily say well actually you could improve that so you're better off approaching people that aren't your ideal customers yet and the other reason for doing that is because if they don't already know who you are and what you're about this is a great time for you to ask for their advice as a peer which makes them feel important and it also helps you because when they see what you're about and what you do they'll start asking questions and they could become your next best client so we always ask for advice from people that we want to work with as well as people that we're already working with and that way you're getting a real rounded feedback and you know the constructive feedback that you really really need so without further ado let's go into the exercise it's called your strap line stroke tagline and there are 10 things that I've given you to do that will help you to just narrow it down so what you're going to be doing is layering like we did the other day on the brand Kickstarter workshop we're going to be layering layering layering just to make sure that what you've done in as number one your answers to number one they will continue to repeat through and through till you get to number 10 which is where by that point you will have refined your strap line and tag line and by all means at the end of this exercise once you've finished creating it and you've got your top three strap lines so you're going to choose from one of them do post them in the closed exclusive Facebook group now as a brand Kickstarter you're in the group for two weeks so the quicker you do this the better because then you're going to get feedback from all the peers and if you are going to become a brand accelerator then of course you're going to have a year in the group so it's not so time bound but if not then you need to do this this activity this exercise as soon as possible really so you can get it up into the brand accelerator group and get the feedback on it so you can move forward so let's go over okay let's get started so I'm not going to run through the whole thing with you but I will run through the top level stuff so that you've got an idea of exactly what to do for this exercise now your strap line does play an incredibly vital role in expressing who you are what you're about what you believe in and that will then encourage other people who believe in the same thing they will be attracted to you it's like values you have a values match if you've got something that's really important to them and you believe in a certain cause then they're going to believe in that too so you'll attract people that do believe in that and you will repel people who don't so your strap line is as much about repelling people from your brand so you don't have time wasters as it is about attracting people to your brand so this is why your strap line and your logo identity is so important now there are some logos here that I'm sure you'll recognize along with the strap lines that go with them now I'm not going to go through everything like I say because you can read through it yourself but ultimately there are five things you really need your strap line or tagline to do it needs to be easily identifiable should be easily remembered it must benefit your customers it should differentiate you from anyone else and it should be simple something that somebody could easily repeat when you're not there I've given you some strap line examples to give you some ideas again you'll recognize some of them but think about how you want your brand to be positioned so there are some of these that are inspirational some of them are very practical some of them are very action focused some of them play completely on emotion so think about what is you want yours to do what emotion is it that you want them to have once they've seen it or heard it from someone else so in step one you're going to list some important keywords that you want your business to be known for now in the brand Kickstarter on the day that we spent together you came up with some keywords that you and also looking at the Google Trends it will have told you exactly what people are searching for so if you have keywords that you want to be found for and people are searching for that brilliant but if you've got keywords you want to be found for and people aren't searching for it then make sure you go through the Google Trends and exercise that we went through with you on the day and if you've got any questions of course just ask us in fact Miles is going to create a video for you which is going to go through the Google Trends so but you'll have an idea you'll have an idea of what people are looking for and at the very basic level even if you don't use Google Trends just type into Google what it is you want to be found for and look and see how many searches there are for that if there aren't many results then then that's not going to be necessarily a big topic but if there are hundreds of or thousands of results then you know that that is something worth investigating and so first of all is some of the important keywords you want your business to be known for okay so as I've given here in terms of an optician it might be glasses, vision, eyesight, optician, reading glasses, lens ins, reading difficulties, impaired sight just when you think of your topic just brainstorm here just really brain dump all of the words that come into your mind about that topic and if you want to have somebody help you with this again pick an ideal customer and ask them to when you say the word that you are what do they think of what comes to mind and they'll tell you what the words are that come to mind so if you struggle with this exercise get somebody else to help you and tell give you their feedback and it might actually be really valuable for you to complete this whole exercise and then test it on one of them and see what they come up with to see what matches so step two go to a theosaurus and extend your list to see if there are any other words that describe your business and what you do so that's based on the keywords pick a keyword open up the theosaurus and see if there are any other words that describe what you do that you haven't used yet and write them in here step three is to take a look through the words that you've already written and now start playing with putting some of them together so it doesn't need to be perfect just yet just play simply with the words and and you never know because it might you get in those words down and then reading them back to yourself after you've put them out there it might spark off something else and this is how our magazine brand name came to life but brand brains came to life because it was originally one of the names that we came up with whilst creating the name for how to build a brand and we totally brand stormed all the names all the things we went through this exact exercise that we're showing you now and that's another important thing is that we literally walk our talk we don't put you through anything that we haven't been through ourselves and we've created it for ourselves by by just brainstorming and doing this and saying actually what we're doing here it's really valuable for other people so that's how we're able to then share with you how we did it so go through that and write those down in here step four is to go through a list of prospective words to see if there are any other words that rhyme with it to make it catchier and more memorable so pick one of your words and then see if there's anything that rhymes with that you can use google and there's all kinds of things that you can get from google if you type it in and say uh what rhymes with optician and it will come back with uh you know you might type in if optician if it ends in the last three letters type in the last three letters into google and say words that include um these letters and honestly there's so much information on google you will find that so write down then down here because that will start to knit together and become more of a sentence then look over the words and phrases that you've created so far and see if they remind you of a common saying or a famous quote there might be something that dandy has said or um you know a famous president or opera wimpery or somebody who is a significant person uh of influence in the world they might have already created a saying or it might be shakespeare has come up with a quote or um you know like any kind of really famous person if they've come up with something and it kind of says what you want to say it might be that you can tweak it so for example gandy he says uh be the change you want to see in the world well we adapted that and we made it ours by saying be the brand you want to see in the world so if you know in other words be that person be that influence that nothing else exists like that yet be the one that is known and that's how we sign all of our books and we sign off on our social media and all kinds of stuff with that now so that's become a a quote for us but it's good because it resonates with people because they kind of have heard it before so because it's familiar they trust it so in step six you now need to focus on your benefits and results so write some positive words in these spaces here that we've given you that describe what it is you consistently do to deliver results when people buy your products or services so write them here and then because you're the best in your industry at what you do now right below the words that directly tell us what you are the master of so match that up together and write those words down here so you can see how this is layering step eight is to think about what pain your customers are trying to avoid when they buy from you or it might be what pleasure they want so if you have a travel business then people might not necessarily want to be getting away from pain they might want to be going on their dream holiday or their dream destination in other words they're now moving towards pleasure away from pain if you're a plumber then you they're definitely moving away from pain of some kind okay so just think about what you do and what pain it is that they're either moving away from or what pleasure it is they're moving towards and write those down here the reason we've given you all of these you don't need to fill them in but the more ideas you put down here the more choice you're going to have when it comes to it and all these things can become your social media updates so step nine this is a really great opportunity now for you to weave them all together and create a phrase or series of words that combine to get across exactly what you want to say so once you've written them down you'll then notice a bit like the Da Vinci code where the numbers and the letters will start jumping out to you there will be things that you write down that really jump out to you that completely resonate with you and you can start to tweak them and and ask other people what they think as well but just notice if there's a pattern forming where you can make all the words begin with the same letter for example an alliteration and all your words might begin with C so clarity confidence consistency collaboration you know it might all your words you might notice that they do all start with the same letter so that will be an alliteration or it might all sound the same like a rhyme to make it really catchy so write those down here and then in step 10 you're going to finalize your strap line so go back over all the things that you've written and narrow it down to your selection to a choice of three and finally pick the one that stands out to you the most now what you can do as I said at the beginning of this video is share that strap line or the last three strap lines share them in the group and see what resonates with everybody the most you will get feedback from them and from there you can move forward so wishing you the best of luck with this activity and do post your things in the group anyway because we absolutely love to see what you're up to and obviously the more you share with us the more value we can give to you because we can then help you as you're building your brand so good luck and we'll see you in the group


Do you have an idea to advance diversity and inclusion in the EDA or dental profession? Now is your opportunity to teach your idea at the new Smile Event at SmileCon. Submit your idea online between now and September 17th and the A Diversity and Inclusion Committee will select top five entries in person at SmileCon, the first place cash prize of $2,500. Each entry is asked to provide a narrative description or idea with an optional video. To eligible you must be an ADA member including student members and available to present at SmileCon on Tuesday, October 12th from 2.30 to 4.00 p.m. in the member center, located in Mandalay Base, to enter a survey by September 17th. Learn more at ADA.org slash diversity and inclusion.


everyone shiver 1000 here we're not in my house we are at monkey's parents house I don't know what's going on but it's 83 degrees in here the air is not working let's see if we can find out what's going on okay guys sorry about the lighting but they don't have like a big light in the living room here but now she she shut it off because her mom's back in the hospital and her dad's still in rehab but it did this before the fan wouldn't kick on or anything just jumped up to 84 great but she put new batteries in here and it kicked on and she got it shut off because no one's been here so there wasn't a sense and leave it on so let's let's turn this on to cool I heard something click it just kicked on I don't know maybe she just didn't wait long enough but let's see what it sat on here 75 let's put the target down to say 68 and let's see if it cools off in here we may not have to do anything maybe she just didn't wait long enough I don't know she put a new filter in it too and I forgot my light on my camera but I'll do the best I can here let's see what we got going on in here I can hear the fan running now so I know you guys can't see much there it is so she's she's put a new filter in here and change the batteries and the thermostat so I'm gonna do a little check in here it's always made some noise in these lines so I'm gonna do some checking see if anything's clogged to see what's going on with it and we'll go from there but right now I'm gonna see if I can find us a light there's leaking and then we can put the supercharger on it get everything buttoned up this thing will be ready a couple more hours not today but soon well we got this working we got it down to 78 so it's cooling off in here pretty good so monkey's back she's doing a couple of little things the air conditioner is working fine I'm not sure what the deal was but I didn't really do anything to it clean it out a little bit well she had to filter in backwards too so but it's working great now it's working fine it was down to 75 when we left so I gotta set on 70 so it'll be alright and it's running on all eight cylinders so that's good just got to get it all buttoned up I got to put that header gasket on before I put the supercharger on because that would be in the way so we'll get the header gasket put on you'll be with you guys will be with me on that get the header gasket put on or she had to put the supercharger on hook it up and then it's just running all the little vacuum lines where they need to go they're just running right now you know so I could start it long enough to adjust the valves I got them adjusted and everything I like to do that while it's running so that's going along pretty good so we had to stop back we had to come back to the rehab center so she could bring her dad some some batteries and he wanted to see Bruno Bruno's with us so he wanted to see Bruno so she took him in there for a minute and we're going to head on home so that's kind of like my vlog for today I didn't really get too excited on anything kind of taking it easy so everything's pretty good so far I borrowed his welder he said I could use his welder so this truck's got a exhaust leak so I don't know if it's where they welded it before and it's got a crack opening up you got to listen real close for it like you can't hear going down the road or anything but I can hear it when it's idling so I may have to weld that or put a gasket on it says no big deal but I want to do some welding on on our little propane stove our propane tank stove so there's that I haven't forgot about you guys's comments you know so I'll get I'll get to them I usually go a couple days and then then I'll I'll get them all caught up so bear with me on that so I got doctor's appointment Wednesday I'll let you guys know how that goes not sure what they're gonna do but monkey ordered some a couple liquidation boxes not very big they're not pallets but I think she bought the one because it's got a coffee pot in it she wants a new coffee pot so but so they should be in Tuesday so when they come in we'll be opening those up and checking them out you know we went to the flea market yesterday so they have they have the flea market every second Saturday of the month or every second Saturday the second Saturday of every month so we may try to set up there next month and if we do I'll bring you along for that so but since we leave here we've got about a 45 minute almost an hour drive home and then I can I can cook a supper so I can't slept in the day I didn't get up to almost 10 o'clock right I didn't get out of bed till 10 but I was up earlier than that so that's kind of what's going on today just a slow Sunday and you know kicking back but yes so stay tuned for that so should be they should be here Tuesday is when the tracking thing we tracked them and they should be here Tuesday and I will get a video of when they come in and we'll see what's in them together and see if there's anything worth trying to sell I want to have a yard sale this coming weekend well next weekend whatever this you know so I don't know we don't really have anything planned I'll have a yard sale may have one Friday we'll see so anyway enough yeah I can appreciate you guys watching and if anything exciting happens I'll throw that in right now but if not well this will be the end of it so she better admit the man legend gone for now guys thanks again for watching have a great week appreciate it you'll be safe and be cool bye bye guys and take care


Welcome to another edition of Haiti. Haiti is a series of videos I do where I respond to viewer questions and comments. These questions and comments they typically come from comments on the videos posted on YouTube and Odyssey. Sometimes these questions and comments they come from social media sites like Mastodon, Reddit, and sometimes through email. And the very first question I want to read is, Haiti, in the last few days my computer has started to power off on its own.  I'm using Ubuntu 20.04. What could be the problem? Well, first we should talk about Ubuntu 20.04. That has absolutely nothing to do with your problem. The problem here is not a software problem. So it's not Ubuntu or Linux or any operating system or any piece of software running on your computer that's causing this issue. This is actually a hardware problem. You have a hardware failure going on. This is actually a very common computer problem. If you've had computers for a number of years, you will eventually experience this exact problem. What this is, is your CPU is overheating and the computer is shutting itself down to prevent it from doing permanent damage. So what this is going to be is in your CPU, you probably have a CPU cooler, a fan, a liquid cooler, something to keep that thing cool. And that fan or that liquid cooler has failed. It has quit working. And so your CPU, you know, after running for a few minutes, eventually reaches a critical temperature and your motherboard has a safety on it that shuts your computer down once your CPU reaches a certain temperature again to prevent you from doing permanent damage to your computer. The good thing is these are easy fixes and they're cheap fixes.  And these things are very easy to remove the old one and put the new one on. You don't need to pay Best Buy or the Geek Squad or anybody to do this for you. Again, this is a very simple fix it yourself kind of project. So again, this almost certainly I would say 95% of the time, the problem he's describing here is going to be a CPU cooler that has failed. The next question I want to read is, hey, DT might be an unpopular opinion, but it would do you good if you chose to use an IDE for this kind of stuff. You could easily avoid these errors. What he's talking about here is I did a video many months back on getting started with Xmonad and I think I took a brand new virtual machine of Ubuntu and started with Ubuntu GNOME. I think I just opened a terminal and did everything in VIM rather than a proper IDE like Emacs, which is, you know, what I use on a daily basis. And he's right, I could spot a whole lot of errors if I used a proper IDE like Emacs because it would tell me, you know, the Haskell code is wrong or I didn't import this library, yada, yada, yada. But here's the thing on these kind of beginner videos. I like making mistakes on those videos. I like making mistakes so I can show you guys how to fix that mistake when you make it. I know, you know, maybe it doesn't make for the most entertaining kind of content, but for educational purposes I actually like it when I make mistakes. Sometimes unintentionally I make mistakes and instead of being embarrassed about it, again, I actually think there's real value in me making those mistakes on camera and then solving those mistakes on camera. The next question, hey, DT, why the clickbait titles and thumbnails? Well, take the word itself, clickbait. I'm trying to get people to click on my videos. I mean, that's, why do you think I do it? This is a very strange question. I get this question all the time. Why the clickbait thumbnails? I don't know. Maybe I want people to actually watch my videos and sometimes I'll even get other content creators posting this kind of stuff. Hey, DT, why don't you use the clickbait? I don't use clickbait and I'll go check out their channel and their channels, you know, maybe have a couple of hundred subs. Their videos don't get hardly any views. It doesn't look like there's any activity on their channel at all and these people are complaining about my clickbait, right? I'm making some kind of egregious error. No, I'm playing the game. I'm playing the game right and I'm winning at the game. If you're not using clickbait, you're not really playing the game. Moving on to the next question. Hey, DT, I'm a computer engineering student. Should a person, especially students like me, who watch you and people like you, who are constantly promoting and spreading awareness of free and open source software, the free software movement, the free software foundation, et cetera, should we study hard and apply for internships or jobs at places like Microsoft? I'm not talking specifically about Microsoft, but all the other tech giants too. So this person is a free and open source software zealot who's going to school for computer engineering and wants to know, should somebody who really advocates for free and open source software, if they're able to, should they go to work for a company like Microsoft or Google or Facebook or Apple? I'll answer this in one word. Hell, yeah. I mean, for one thing, those are high paying jobs. Those are good jobs. And the other thing is we need people working at those companies that are free and open source software zealots. And all these companies, Microsoft, Google, Facebook, you know, they hire people that have good knowledge with open source software. And we need not just people that know open source working for these companies. We need people that actually are big proponents of open source, the movement. Because once enough of these free and open source software zealots have infiltrated these big companies like Microsoft, then we're going to start seeing real change, real change, not just with these companies, but real change with the world. Because Microsoft, Google, Apple, these are trillion dollar companies.  And if enough of you free and open source software zealots work at these companies, you know, once we have large percentages, again, then you start seeing real change. Some of these people, if they get in now, you know, in a decade or two, you work there long enough, eventually you'll be in positions of real power. Some of you guys may eventually become CEOs of these large companies. And that's when things, I think, will get really interesting and really fun once we have, you know, some real free software zealots at the top of these corporations. The next question. Hey, D.T., there is this channel that is posting your videos as their own along with other YouTubers' videos and just putting a different thumbnail. I tried reporting it, but YouTube makes it difficult. Here is a link to their most recent video of yours. And I'm not going to share the link because there's no reason to spread awareness of this scummy YouTuber.  And this particular person mentions that YouTube makes it very difficult to report this kind of stuff.  They make it very difficult. You got to jump through a lot of hoops to actually report anything. I'm assuming they do that because of how large YouTube is.  So you really got to try to actually report something. But yes, I actually checked the link of the video he sent me. The guy uses my videos, which are all licensed under Creative Commons License, meaning you're free to actually use my video, edit my video, modify my video in any way you can do that because of Creative Commons, the one I licensed my videos under anyway, allow for that. The only thing you have to do, and this is with all Creative Commons license, is you do have to give an attribution. You do have to actually credit me as being the original author of that video. And this person is not doing that for my videos or any of the other videos. And reporting this guy is not even worth it. The video that he ripped off of me was a video I did over a year ago. He posted his video a few months ago. My video got like 50,000 views. His video had two views on it. So, you know, and any if even if he had a large amount of views on that video, I mean, the Linux space is kind of small. Most of the people watching his video are going to know it's not his video anyway. They're going to recognize me. I'm a pretty big fish and a rather small pond. So it's not like he's going to get any kind of real credit for the video he ripped off of me. What's really interesting about this particular guy though, he ripped off the video and he cropped it because I have a little DT logo on like the bottom left of the video. So he actually cropped off like 100 pixels of one side of the video and then he resized it and stretched it. It looks all funny but he did that because he didn't want the DT logo in it because it might give it away and then DT actually made that video even though there's a big, you know, bald-headed guy in the middle of the screen talking about Linux. You guys know that can only be one person, right? Moving on to the next question is, hey DT, just moved to Linux and your videos have been immensely helpful. I recently saw your video on NixOS and was wondering if there were reasons why it wasn't your daily driver or if you just like Arco better. So the reason I stick with Arco right now is because I'm going to run an Arch Linux-based distribution because everything I do is based on Arch. As far as you guys know, I'm working on my DTOS script, which is a post-installation script built around Arch-based Linux distributions. I have my own repository of software for DTOS. They're all Arch packages. I make proper Arch Linux packages and that all that work that I'm doing for that, you know, I'm not going to run a completely different Linux distribution with a different packaging system and everything for my main production machine because I need a Arch-based system to test out all the Arch stuff I do. So that's why I run Arco because it's Arch Linux-based and the reason I run Arco is because I installed Arco and I like it. It worked. There's no reason to wipe it out and install anything else, but I mean I've ran Manjaro in the past, another great Arch Linux-based distribution. I've run Mainline Arch of course. I've tested Endeavor and Garuda on test equipment. Those are fine. I'd be happy with any of those. For now though, again, Arch is kind of where I have to be just because I've already put so much effort and being a part of the Arch ecosystem. I would have to scrap so much work that I've already done and start completely over if I've moved to something else like NixOS. And the next question is one I get all the time and I don't think people have really thought this through enough, so I want to address it here on camera. Hey DT, I have a challenge for you. Go for a month without any GUI, window manager, desktop environment, only use the default text terminal. And when he's talking about the text terminal, I'm assuming he's talking about a TTY, right? So we're not even going to install Xorg or anything. We're just going to live in a TTY prompt. Now, could I do that for a month? Yes, I could. Would you guys get a single video about that? No. How can I record a video without a graphical environment, right? So yeah, could I do it? Sure. You know, I would have no problem if I didn't do the YouTube channel, but obviously I can't record a video and not have a graphical server installed on my distribution. I also couldn't edit video at the command line. I couldn't create a thumbnail at the command line. Obviously, all of this work is graphical work, so I need to be in a graphical environment to do that work. Now anything else, could I browse the web in a TTY? Sure. Yeah, I could live happily in a command prompt for normal stuff like browsing the web or even listening to music. I could listen to Pandora or whatever through the command line. I could get away with a lot of stuff, but I couldn't get away with actually making content for this channel strictly at the command line. And the next question comes from a comment that I got on my video about Ubuntu 2110. He writes, Hey, DT, you mentioned Ubuntu needs to leave GNOME, so what desktop environment would you recommend in its place? Like how you recommended Brave instead of Firefox? So he's talking about in that same video, I said they should drop Firefox and move to Brave as their default browser, because I think Firefox is kind of a dying product anyway. And then I said they should also leave GNOME. They should quit using GNOME as their default desktop environment, but I didn't give an alternative to GNOME. And I think if I were Ubuntu, what I would do, if I was going to make the change, I'd make a real change. So don't move to another GTK-based desktop environment. So don't move to XFCE or Cinnamon or Mate or Budgie or any of that stuff. If you're going to make a change, make a real change. And I think KDE Plasma makes the most sense. I think KDE Plasma is the best looking desktop environment on Linux. I think it's the most mature. It's rather lightweight as far as system resource usage these days. I mean, typically it's using about 500 megs of RAM in my testings. And again, it just looks good. We have so many users coming over from Windows right now that don't want to go to Windows 11 and they're exploring moving to Linux. KDE Plasma, that desktop environment is perfect for the Windows user. I think Ubuntu would make huge strides in their kind of waning market share right now. I think that maybe they would actually start gaining some of that popularity back that they've lost in recent years just by making that switch. Ubuntu with KDE is such a great distribution. So they've already got this distribution made. Just make Kubuntu Ubuntu. Make Kubuntu your flagship product. And I think the community would respond very kindly to that. And the final question is, hey DT, stop talking bad about Mozilla Firefox. Firefox is the only thing stopping Google from having a total monopoly regarding web engines. Okay, what does that have to do with me not talking bad about Firefox when the CEO of Firefox is doing ridiculous stuff like talking about censorship and actually supporting internet censorship? That goes completely and totally against anything that the free and open source software movements stand for.  And at the end of the day, Google, yes, Google is not perfect, right? Definitely, I wouldn't say they're a friend to the free and open source software movements. But guess what? If Google isn't supporting this kind of internet censorship through their browser and Firefox is, guess what? I'll use the dang Google browsers. Because at the end of the day, it's more about ideology. It's about actually supporting free and open source software than it is about I don't like this particular company or not. And the other thing is we can't get into this mindset where we're stuck in our ways where, you know, Mozilla was always so supportive of free and open source software. So therefore, we always have to support Mozilla even when they're completely and totally wrong. No, no, no. And also, we don't just completely **** on Google because, you know, they've been so bad as far as free and open source software in the past. They've done a lot of nasty things and we'll never forgive them for that. No, no, no. We can also, you know, especially if Google turns around and really starts doing more with free and open source software and if Google is out there actually supporting free speech, digital rights, digital privacy, the things, you know, like the free software movement really stands for, then **** yeah, I'll get behind anything regarding that with Google. And if Mozilla is standing in the way of that kind of stuff, guess what? I will not be supporting Mozilla and they will definitely hear about it from me and they should hear about it from you. Now, before I go, I need to thank the producers of this episode. And of course, I'm talking about the following. Gabe James Mitchell, Paul Scott, Wester, Cami Allen, Chuck Commander, Angry Curt, Diokai, David Dylan, Gregory Hickey, Lee Maxim, Michael Mike, Nitrix, Erjan, Alexander Peace, Archon, Fedor, Polychaic, Raveret, Robert Steven and Willie. These guys, they're my high-steered patrons over on Patreon. They are the producers of this episode. The show is also brought to you by each and every one of these ladies and gentlemen too. These names you're seeing on the screen right now. These are all my supporters over on Patreon because I don't have any corporate sponsors. I just have you guys the community. If you like my work, please help support me. Subscribe to DistroTube over on Patreon. All right, guys. Peace.


Hi everybody. My name is Amar Kodmanaban. I'm one of the maintainers on the Magma project. Today I'm here to talk about Magma, a cloud-native converged core with a specific emphasis on the use cases that we're seeing market traction on and its cloud-native architecture. First, a brief introduction to what is Magma? Magma is an open-source packet core that's licensed under a permissive BSDV3 license. It's 3GPP generation agnostic in the sense that it can support both 4G and 5G architectures and its access network agnostic in the sense that it can support Wi-Fi deployments as well. This can be conceived as something similar to a mobile data offload or a t-back type architecture where a AAA and a PCRF and a PCEF integration exist within the Magma framework. The distributed EPC itself has a very small footprint. What this allows us to do is we can run the entire EPC all the way at the cell site or in slightly more centralized locations like edge pops or even in public clouds. The entire deployment is managed through a single orchestrator. This gives a single pane of glass that sort of abstracts away the distributed nature of Magma. This is what we call as moving the network from a device-centric way of managing things to a network-centric way of managing things. The interfaces that Magma implements are standard interfaces. For example, S1 for the 4G infrastructure and 1N2N3 for 5G infrastructure and standard radius and GRE termination for Wi-Fi infrastructure. This allows the Magma core to interoperate with any RAM that is based on standards. Most importantly for this talk at least is that Magma is a scale-out sort of a packet core as opposed to a scale-up packet core. This is fundamental to what makes it cloud native. For brownfield deployments, Magma also exposes REST APIs. These REST APIs allow integration into existing OSS infrastructure as well as a Federation Gateway which supports standard diameter interfaces that allows operators to integrate into existing PCRF OCS HSS type traditional core elements. Switching gears a little, here are the following use cases that we've been seeing Magma's market traction on. Primarily, Magma is a really good fit for fixed wireless access. This is where we've been seeing commercial deployment over the last 12 to 18 months. The big advantage with Magma and fixed wireless is because of its small form factor, you can actually deploy the access gateway at the sales site. By doing local breakout and network policy application at the edge, we're sort of making the LTE deployments transport network agnostic. GTPC which is S1C is very sensitive to jitter and a lot of ISP and rural deployments end up using microwave or unlicensed spectrum for backhaul or even satellite in some cases. The local breakout aspect of fixed wireless allows us to terminate all of the S1 signaling and then use IP as the main transport over a unreliable backhaul. The second use case where we are seeing some traction is the Wi-Fi access use case. This is similar to our mobile data flow model. So what this gives you that is slightly that's better than traditional T-VAC type architectures is that because Magma contains a PCEF as well, the Wi-Fi or mobile data offload traffic does not hit your expensive traditional P gateway. Also by using local breakout operators have the ability to transit of the existing infrastructure as early as possible. The use case that we're seeing more traction recently is the private LTE use case. This is mostly driven by the CBRS sort of deployments that are happening in the US. I have a specific slider on private LTE so I'll skip the deep bed for now. The two use cases that we're looking to prioritize in H2 for which we're doing a few lab trials as well as you know hopefully a field trial in the July or August timeframe are on network expansion and 5G. So network expansion allows operators to use Magma as a way to augment their traditional or the high value core networks by using Magma to extend it into more remote and rural areas. Further the insulation that Magma provides to the traditional MME P gateway and S gateway allows the operator to introduce new RANS radio elements and iterate on their evolution independent of their mainstay core. On the 5G SA site we're looking to leverage Magma's distributed architecture to pilot 5G fixed wireless use cases. We also support NSA in alpha form at this point. A quick deep dive into Magma the private solution. So the big driver for why Magma is a great fit for a private solution is its distributed form factor. The local breakout at the edge allows enterprises to deploy their own workloads and this is ideal for IoT and you know internet 4.0 type workloads. Magma also allows interconnect to existing infrastructure or service provider networks and this allows these sort of private networks to also develop as mutual host networks. The support for multi-tenancy allows a single service provider or an SI to offer services to multiple enterprises using the same centralized cloud managed infrastructure. Further a big advantage of using Magma for the private solution is that the upgrade from 4G to 5G is just a software upgrade. In fact going forward most Magma access gateways will support both the 4G and SA protocols as well as the N interfaces. Lastly the cloud native scale out micro form factor where you know Magma can fit into a box that's even just 2V CPU sort of very lightweight 2V CPU boxes allows Magma to be deployed at the extreme edges and this is particularly useful for you know IoT or like fairly remote sort of use cases where you know there are probably a couple of E-notes and you want a co-located sort of an EPC in that deployment. Just to re-emphasize the point on the form factor this is a sample Magma FWA bomb from one of our production deployments. As you can see here the Magma infrastructure is running on a four core atom box that's running a CPU at 2.5 gigahertz and with 4GB RAM. This box can support up to a thousand subscribers as well as you know 12 E-notes. So depending on your need you know such a small form factor can be a great fit for a fixed wireless or a private LTE or a 5G use case. Quickly a high level overview of the roadmap so we're almost at release 1.5. Release 1.5 should be available over the next couple of weeks. The key features in 1.5 are inbound roaming, S1 handover and a bunch of stability and usability improvements. 1.6 which we're targeting towards for the end of June is going to add 5G FWA support for SA enough to support lab trials as well as NSA support. We're looking to extend the 5G SA support in Q3 to introduce network slicing as a capability as well as you know harden the 5G FWA offering. So for folks who are planning to use a 5G SA of Magma we'd recommend the September release for when you can take it out to field. It would be lab ready by end of June for sure but for all the robustness improvements we are anticipating them to land by the end of September. This is about a six to eight weeks delay from the roadmap that we had announced in February as part of the Magma developer conference. A couple of things that we've also learned along the way is that the 5G SA ecosystem is also a little bit immature and so having reliable end-to-end testing infrastructure has proven to be a bit of a challenge and this is sort of slowing down our ability to iterate fast. Cool, switching gears again. So we're going to talk a little bit about Magma under the hood and what makes it cloud native. So the best definition that I've heard for what makes a workload cloud native or not is the difference between pets and cattle. Pets are unique, they're hand raised and cared for. When they get ill we nurse them back to health. They're all distinct and this is a clear definition of a workload that is not cloud native. A workload that is cloud native in turn looks a lot more like cattle. Cattle are almost identical to other cattle and when they get ill you get another one. So the transition that we're trying to affect in the service provider network with the Magma Converged Core is that of a transition from a traditional core to a cloud native core or in other words the transition from pets to cattle. There are many other definitions of cloud native workloads like stateless, is a container deployable, all of those are all attributes of a cloud native network. The fundamental thing though we'd argue is the difference between pets and cattle where if you have a cloud native network you're much more tolerant to failure and almost all your nodes are fairly identical. So with that framing in mind what are the key attributes that we think are important to create such a cloud native sort of core network? So the first principle that we think is important is the need to allow for failure. So a node failing should not impact the overall network. It should be a contained failure. This is pretty similar to what you notice in the data centers. Workloads are fairly distributed so taking out a router only causes failure on a particular path and the ECMP fabric is comfortable recovering for that period of an outage. So it's much more important solving for designing for a system where failure is a given. The second one is given that failures are going to happen. We need to simplify the failure semantics. Failures need to happen in a very well-defined way and these need to map to clean state boundaries. So this makes it easy for us to understand what state actually gets affected by a failure. And the third one is that we need to simplify recovery. So well-defined state and propagation of recovery is important to allow for a service to come back up. So this goes back to principles like clear demarcation of who owns state and clear propagation principles for the state to be repopulated. So allowing for failure. This one is fairly obvious. So scale-up devices have a large fault domain and they fundamentally need to be treated like pets. By distributing the EPC or the 5GC what we're trying to achieve with Magma is that the fault domain of each device is pretty small. Further, the finer the fault domain, the easier it is for us to upgrade these nodes. Implicitly, this improves agility a great deal. This is one of the key things that we're also learning at Facebook in our data center is that by pushing network workloads to smaller distributed form factors, we're able to upgrade them at an incredible velocity and that helps us keep our competitive edge. Before I talk about the state failure domains as well as recovery model, it is worth clarifying the two control planes that are in play in a 3GPP network. The first control plane as defined by 3GPP is actually an in-band signaling function that allows a user plane channel to be established for a wireless device. This is actually looking at the network from the UE standpoint. But an SDN control plane is the function that makes changes to the data plane to ensure that a desired state is realized based on discovered state. So take for example a UPF node. In a 3GPP sort of control plane view, the UPF node is purely a user plane element. But from an SDN standpoint, the UPF has a significant network control plane as well. So magma at the end of the day implements a hierarchical control plane motivated by SDN principles. Even though the end architecture looks a bit like cups, it is more than cups in the sense that magma implements a control plane at the edge and a control plane at the central location. So to simplify failure semantics, as I briefly described, we have a two control plane model. There is an edge control plane that encapsulates all edge state. What do we mean by edge state? It is the state associated with the UE that is maintained by the network. This is sort of transient or runtime state that gets generated by the UE signaling and establishing a user plane with the network. There is a central control plane which runs in a public cloud or in a more centralized location that is responsible for maintaining the global state. It is the authoritative owner of this global state. This is an always available application and today in magma it is just a pretty standard Kubernetes application. The advantage of this distinction of the edge control plane and the central control plane is that the edge control plane has a very clearly defined failure semantics. It aggregates the runtime state of the network and if an edge host machine goes down, you have lost all of the control or the runtime state associated with the UE as maintained by the network. By using standardized distributed systems techniques, like persisting this runtime state to a key value stored like Redis, which is what we do in magma, and replicating the state to the cloud or through other distributed system principles to other Redis nodes, we have the ability to checkpoint and restore this runtime state. This makes for a cleaner implementation of HA. The role of a central control plane is to communicate with an edge control plane, understand the discovered state, say a UE came onto a network and then use the desired state as understood by the configuration of the network to push down a realized state model that then gets implemented by the edge control plane through forwarding rules at the UPF or the PGP depending on which generation of 3GPP you're working with. The next principle around moving to a more of a cloud native sort of a core network is to simplify the recovery semantics. So let's take an example of N4. N4 in 3GPP is roughly defined across two planes. The first one what we call as node level procedures, like things like load reporting and hard beating, and then the second one is around session level procedures, which is the actual business logic of the SMF and the UPF. Our assertion here is that to implement a cloud native sort of a converged core, we need to remove the node level procedures out of the N4 implementation and dedicate it to a service control plane similar to like Kubernetes and model that as Kubernetes operators. The advantage of doing this is that say if a node goes down or a node comes back up, both your 3GPP point to point control interfaces and your Kubernetes are not trying to make independent decisions on how state needs to be restored. So what we think we're trying to what we're trying to do with Magma is to remove the sort of node to node interface procedures from the standard interfaces like N4 and only focus on the service level procedures like the session related procedures around session establishment modification and release which go from SMF to UPF and the session reporting which moves from the UPF to SMF. So the key takeaway from this principle is to delegate point to point node interfaces to the service control plane where possible. This allows the service control plane to make consistent decisions across all nodes in the network. The second aspect is how do we propagate the state? So taking a step back, the interaction between the SMF and the UPF is mostly about state synchronization. There is a clear owner for each sub state. The UPF node state is owned by the UPF. The session rules are owned by the SMF and the session stats are owned by the UPF. The existing 3GPP standards are edge interfaces. So they model all of the state synchronization using CRUD. What we assert is that for better reliability and to simplify recovery semantics especially given that we know state is uniquely owned by each of these devices. We think modeling all of this state as level interfaces is a much cleaner way of doing this. So what level interfaces are set based interfaces? So at any point in time the UPF and the SMF interact over set interfaces. This is very similar to the transition that has happened from SOAP to REST. SOAP was much more of a CRUD than stateful model and REST is now much more of a resource based model where we only use puts and gets. There's a great talk by Ullash that's available on YouTube which talks about the abstractions in Magma. That further clarifies this point in greater detail. So summarizing Magma product focused verticals. Currently we are focused around fixed wireless, Wi-Fi core and private networks. Magma 5GSA support is in alpha. We hope to be lab ready by the end of June and feel ready by September. Slizing support would be introduced in the September release of 2021. The Magma architecture is cloud native and the reason it is cloud native is it is an implementation that is focused on scaling out versus up similar to the pets versus cattle analogy. Magma adheres to the SDN principles of control plane and thus implements a hierarchical control plane. This is slightly different from a 3GPP cups implementation which just talks about control and user plane separation. It adds an additional slice in terms of the control plane being edge versus centralized. Thank you, everybody. Here is some additional information on how to plug into the project. There's a website. There's also all of this code is fully open source and all of our development happens in the open. GitHub.com slash Magma. There are two talks that give a much more detailed overview of the Magma principles. The first one is by me, introduction to a distributor DPC. And then the second is by Oolash on Magma abstractions and interfaces, both of which are available on YouTube. Thank you very much.


Without the presence and the power of the Holy Spirit, there is no strength to turn the heart of the sinner toward the cross. Without the power of the Holy Spirit, there is no demonstrations of miracles. You don't know what it's like to be in that room back there saying, Lord, if you don't move, I've got nothing for them. I could stand up here and talk for a few hours, but then all of you would go home saying, we could have got that on the podcast. Preaching is good and preaching lays the foundation for the move of the Holy Spirit. So don't throw out your notes and call it a move of God. But without the power of the Holy Spirit moving in this room, without the power of the Holy Spirit sweeping across this room through that camera, touching everyone, watching live, there is nothing that can be done for the sick, except for what can naturally be done in the medical realm. Without the power of the Holy Spirit, there is no deliverance from demonic bondages. So I want to show you who the Holy Spirit is, what the Holy Spirit does, and then I want to show you how to see His power activated in your life. But we must understand first and foremost that the Holy Spirit is not an it. He is a person with a mind, will, with emotions. Ephesians tells us, grieve not the Spirit. How can I grieve an it? I used to imagine that the Holy Spirit was a force or an energy or an essence or a presence or a dynamic about the room, an atmosphere perhaps, something you felt, something that maybe came in a chill or an electric sensation or a heat that you sense come upon your body. And growing up in church, I had prayed to the Father, I had prayed to the Son, and I never really wanted to address the Holy Spirit for fear that I might commit some type of misdemeanor idolatry. Perhaps if I address the Holy Spirit, God will be angry with me. You have to realize He is a person. Second Corinthians 13, 14 is perhaps one of the most astonishing scriptures in the sense that it tells us of this fellowship that we have with the Holy Spirit. We have fellowship with Him. This is communion or friendship or shared time. And I can be a friend of the Holy Spirit. That's so powerful because this means that He walks with me. This means that He goes with me wherever I go. This means that when you're driving to work, when you're going to school, when you're sitting in church, when you're at home enjoying time with your family, when you're sharing a meal with friends, the presence of the Holy Spirit can be there among you. You don't have to enjoy this life in spite of the Spirit. You can enjoy this life with Him. And He adds a beauty to every aspect of life that would be lacking otherwise. He is God with us.  And Christ the Son is seated at His right hand where then is the Holy Spirit? Well, He's in you. The Holy Spirit dwells with me. What does the Holy Spirit look like? Go look in the mirror. That's His body. What? Know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost? And you are not your own. You don't belong to yourself. You were purchased with the price. His presence, His glory dwells in me. I don't have to go searching for atmospheres. I am an atmosphere. I don't have to go searching for an encounter. I live in an encounter with God. How does this look in our lives practically? How does this change the dynamics of everyday living? To be a carrier of God's glory. I'm a carrier of His glory. I walk, the Holy Spirit walks. My presence and His presence become one. He that is joined to the Lord is one spirit with Him. Wherever I go, He goes. Whatever I do, He does. Wherever I touch, He touches. He brings that miracle working power wherever you walk. Do you realize that when you walk into rooms, demons start to tremble. When you walk into rooms, sickness starts to lose its grip on people. When you walk into rooms, you shift the atmosphere, exposing every spirit.  Not outside of God's will. Nothing can touch you. So what does the Holy Spirit do? Zechariah 12.10 calls Him the spirit of prayer and supplication. It is the Holy Spirit who gives us the desire to pray. Recognize, please, that all desires that come from you, that are spiritual, come from the spirit. You would have no desires for the things of God who are not for the Holy Spirit. We imagine that the Holy Spirit is a reward for the super spiritual. No such group. There's the surrendered and the unsurrendered, the truly spiritual and the pseudo spiritual, those who have a form of godliness but deny the power thereof. They walk in the mystic of it, but they don't have the character of Christ. So the Holy Spirit is the one who births the desire to pray. He causes you to be drawn to the heavenly. He invites you into the depths of God to know Him.  Come and know me. Come and pray.  This is why it amazes me when people come before God wondering if He really wants to accept them. They say things like, well, I wanna talk to God. I wanna pray. I wanna go into His presence. I want to sit with Him, but I don't know if He really wants to see me right now. The fact that you want to means He does do. The fact that you want to means it's an invitation. Therefore, the desire to pray is itself an invitation to prayer. When you sense that drawing of the Holy Spirit, He begins to pull you into the depths of God that you've not known before. There is no man or woman no matter how anointed they are who knows the way into the presence of God. Only the Holy Spirit knows the way into the presence of God. And if you will surrender to Him, He'll take you right in. This is the difference, church. This is the difference because I don't wanna live my life with the form of godliness. I don't wanna live my life with the flawed character. I don't wanna live my life in deception. I wanna live my life clean. I wanna live my life with power. I wanna live my life before God, knowing that I belong to Him and knowing that He is pleased with the way I walk. You want that, then you want the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is the breath behind the movement of your spirituality. The Holy Spirit is the fire of that love for Christ in your heart. The Holy Spirit is the one who drives you into the depths of God. The Holy Spirit is the key to true and powerful Christian living. If you're tired of compromise, if you're tired of sitting on the edge, if you're tired of going in cycle after cycle after cycle after cycle, wondering what's wrong with you, then it's time to surrender to the Holy Ghost. And click the notification bell. Also, help us spread the gospel of Jesus Christ in the power of the Holy Spirit. Make a one-time donation or become a monthly supporter by clicking on the donate link now.


Jeg er også den moderateren av denne sesjonen, og det var et tal før meg, men jeg tror du eller jeg decide ikke å komme. Så jeg startet timer først, så jeg ikke vil... Kan noen ta en timer og berre meg før 5 minutter? Så jeg skulle ikke talte mer enn 25 minutter. OK. Hallo, velkommen. Så når jeg først tar denne timeren... Ah, greit, takk. Jeg har tatt noe i min, så taler jeg om privateer og sekuritet i generelt. Men når jeg startet å prøve præsentasjonen, så vil jeg snakke om noe. Det ting jeg vil snakke om er over tre timer, så jeg har tatt til å snakke om det så mye som möjligere. Men det kan se litt ekvæktisk nå, men please, please go with it. Så, min name er Emin. Jeg har tatt til å snakke om det her. Jeg er en stor entusiast, en entusiast i åpne kultur og åpne sår software, og jeg har tatt til å protekte min privateer, og jeg vil snakke om privateer i dag. Så, namen av to talk er å ta inn internetet. Hva er det? Hva er det? Hvorfor tar vi internetet? Så, internetet er blitt gammelt. Så du må si, hva er det? Så det er å bli mer og mer centralisert. Det er en av de grønste problemene. Hvis du remer det første internetet, så er det en annen internet? Nei, det var R-net. Darp-net, sorry. Du vet at det er et triangelt ting. Så det ideet av internetet er å keep everything connected. Mange, mange connections. Men nå ser vi at det er 3, 4, maybe atmost 10 veldig gammel player. Veldig gammel websites, og mest av trackpikken går over dem. Så Facebook er selvfølgelig en av de grønste. Amazon, ikke Amazon website, men S3 er Amazon S3. Web services, AWS, har mest trafikk nå. Når noet går dårlig, med Amazon S3. Mange sider har blitt gammelt. Cloudflare, jeg vet ikke om du har hørt om det. Det er en av de grønste. Så mest av det du ser på internetet kommer fra dem. De hadde en seguret issue. Det var en hdps-problem. Så mange av de login informasjoner har blitt gammelt, fordi alle går fra dem. Google og DNS. Hvem bruker Google DNS på telefonene? På computerene? Google, ja. Så DNS og Google er også veldig centralisert. Og dette blir en problem. Når de er centralisert, er det også gammelt å surveere dem. Rekord alle og bruke dem oppi dem eller ikke oppi dem. Det er noen annen problem, men jeg tror det er de ting jeg vil snakke om. Hva er det vi skal gjøre? Det er problemet. Når vi ser problemet, må det være en solusjon. Vi kan, som userer, nage internetet til denne direkte. Det er en stor maskin, og det er løsene av naturen. Det er løsene av fri markedet. Vi kan ikke egentlig preventere det. Vi kan bare pushe det til denne måten. Hvordan? Nå er det valget av personlige data. Så alt du gjør, personlige dataet har valget. Og det er mange companyer som trynger å kapitalisere det. Nå er det trenger. Trenger her er et teknisk term av sekuritet. Det betyr at det er noen som du vil protekte seg fra. Gå hva du kan gjøre om det, hvordan du protekter seg, og aktie på det. Jeg skal tala om dette. Hva er personlige dataet? Hva er din dataet? Identitet, namen, foto, ID-nummer. Hva som unikerer deg er din identitet, er din dataet. Kontaktinformasjon, telefonnummer, adresset, Twitter-accounts, Facebook-handelser, e-mailser. Det er alle som kan gjøre deg. Dette er klippene. Fremdene, fællene, fællene som du føler. Det er også personlige dataet. Hva som unikerer deg er din personlige informasjon. Hvis du ikke har et kopi til dem, så er det noe du har på komputeret. Lokasjon, borglokasjon, håndlokasjon, restauranser du vil gå. Shops du vil gå til. Hva du lyser, hatt, hatt, hatt, hatt, hatt, hatt, hatt, hatt. Det er alle personlige informasjon. Jeg gikk på denne listen ved å se på kompene som trykker å kapitalisere denne kind av dataet. Så for alle av dataet kan jeg finne en kompene som trykker å sammenle dem. Så de er alle virkelige, virkelige informasjoner, og det er gjørt av deg. Så nå må du decide noe. Hva vil du protekte? Jeg vil ikke protekte min effekt. Jeg tar fotoer av meg. Jeg vil ikke protekte, men jeg vil ikke få folk til å ha min telefonnummer eller kontent av min komputer. Eller jeg tar min Twitter account publisk. Så du må decide hva du vil protekte. Og du må decide hvem du vil protekte. Så det kan være din familie. Du må kjøre et beskrikel fra din parents eller vise, om du vil kjøre en opptrykning for hende. Du må kjøre noe av vores vanske. De er samarbeider. Jeg tror at dette er mer publisk. Det er mer relativt. Big companies, Google, Facebook, or insurance companies, it may be problematic to know some of your sicknesses, for example. You may want to... So government, this is... I'm not talking about Singapore government. I cannot talk about Singapore government, but governments in general. I'm from Turkey and then Turkey government surveillance is a big issue, because it's very unjust recently. So if you say something about government, or one of the peoples of the government, you can be prosecuted in a very strong way. So you may want to keep something out of your government, not Singapore government. So this sounds scary, but let's take a break. It's not about paranoia, because we have to share some information. We are using some services, right? And we exchange our data with some service. So Facebook, for example, we give our data, but they provide us a platform for connecting with its... Mostly family members, in my case. I keep track of my cousins and my parents. YouTube is my main source of entertainment, actually. I use it a lot. So Google Search, Google Scholar. I don't think the academic research can go on without Google Scholar, for example, or Google Image Search. So internet newspaper, basically any website that shows ads that is free, capitalises on some kind of information. Basically, we are exchanging our personal information for other services. So also there are personal research recommendations. But what matters is this should be our choice. So I can exchange some information for some of the values for services. That's okay for me, but I want to be able to choose which one I want to do. And to do that, we have to learn how to do it, basically. And that's what I want to talk about. So tracking is becoming a big issue on the internet, because the Facebook like buttons, Google Analytics, basically and Chrome, if you are using Chrome browser, they can track every website you visit, everything you do online. This is kind of scary for me, and I try to protect from it. So there are some tools, if you are conscious about that. So there are some plugins, add-ons for the browser. So Privacy Beger is from EFF, it's a pre-organisation. Gustry Gostry is from a private company. I don't use it much, but Privacy Beger is not available for Android, for example, so you can look at it. And feel free to interrupt me anytime if you have more information about any of the topics. Don't connect websites to each other, so giving your Gmail into Facebook or Facebook account into some other website makes them able to connect your accounts, which can create a huge network of information for you, because companies deal in the background to merge some data. And data merging is a very juicy thing for the companies. Heving data and connecting them. Don't log into websites if it's not required. I mean, most of the websites are trying to get your login information. You have to provide a lot of details and then they can track you individually in the companies. Delete old data, this is called data retention in technical terms. So if you don't need the data, delete two years old backup checks. Chats from two years old, for example, because you may change your mind, you may forget what you put there or that can be something dangerous. Basically, if you don't have the data, if there's no recording, nobody can track you. That's the idea here. Turn off Wi-Fi and Bluetooth on your phones, if it's not needed, if you don't use, because there are also many companies capitalizing on this kind of tracking. And I recently learned this, that the Wi-Fi, when there's a search for SSIDs on the phone, your phone also express its megadress. So a uniquely identifiable megadress. So if I have access to access points in this building, I can uniquely track where you are in this building. That is very scary for me, and it's very weird why do they do that. Recently, both iPhone and Android 7, I think, is trying to solve this by spoofing the megadress. So it publishes different megadress every time it makes a scan. Unless you're actively using your Wi-Fi. But it's always a good idea to keep them both closed if you're not using it. If you make yourself harder the track for people, if you want a little bit out of the grid, so you can pay for the services. So host your own services. Email, photoblog, photo information, file server, whatever you need, or social media for your friends. You can prefer cache. This is not internet-related, but it will be, and it's getting more and more internet-related. Because I know that Visa or MasterCard are trying to put up some large data science teams, okay? And when you use Visa or MasterCard, or every transaction goes to Visa or MasterCard again, and get an approval from there. So it's huge.  For me, that's crazy. But cache is still one of the last frontiers of privacy, in a way, that nobody can track what you are doing with your money. So don't put all of your eggs into one basket. So what I mean is don't use all of the apps from one company. So Google Ecosystem, right? So Google Docs, Gmail, Search, Hangouts. I don't think anybody uses it any more. But still, on the other side, there's Facebook, right? Most of the people I know use WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram on their phones, which are fully owned by the same company. And when they merge it, they know many things about you. So you can just distribute your online preferences and try to keep them separate. If you encrypt your data, if you make them not visible, what you put in there, then you can convert them just to carriers. And then they cannot really see what's going on. And the key here is encryption. So if you use encrypted emails, for example, or encrypted chats, then they will not be able to see what's going on. So that brought us to the idea of encrypted communication. So strong encryption or strongly encrypted data means that they cannot be seen otherwise and anyone other than the key holder, the intended user. So it cannot be used through. So fortunately, the client server encryption is becoming default. I'm talking about HTTPS, or SSL, or TI transport, they're secure, TLS, so it's becoming default. Many of the applications you use are encrypting their data to the server. So when you use a chat application or a web page, the communication between you and the server cannot be seen by the operator. This is a very good thing. This was not always the case and people had to fight for this right. So nowadays it's kind of default, but the American government decays against using strong encryption, not breakable encryption. So it's interesting, this security or privacy is a right that gained by legal battles. But this is only between the client and the server, and the server to the client. But servers, most of the servers, most of the services can see the data inside their server. And to prevent from that, you can encrypt end to end. So these are some of the messenger's instant messaging applications that don't do end to end encryption. So your data from your client to the server is encrypted, from server to the receiver is encrypted, but they can see the data for these ones. So Facebook messenger, Google Hangouts, Skype, plain email. OK, one more slide. And these are the end to end encrypted communication software, some of the popular ones. What's what's up, of course? I-message from iPhone. Who knows Sino already? Has everyone know? OK, so Sino was the first one to implement that end to end encryption, and then they implemented it on WhatsApp again, so that's a good thing. So PGP-based email. Trima is very popular in Germany, but I don't see people using it there. Did I miss any of the applications? Ah, WeChat, probably. I don't know WeChat. Telegram. Sorry? Telegram. Telegram. Ah, yeah. OK. Telegram goes to both of them, so there are secret chats. I use that a lot, but, OK. Sorry? Anything else? Do we know about WeChat? Is it end to end encrypted? Secret services? It's also by the Chinese government. Ah, OK, so... Even though they say this. OK. So that's the thing, if the source code is not open, we cannot really trust what they are doing. So what WhatsApp is encrypted, so WhatsApp is kind of good, but we don't know for sure that they implement it correctly. We only believe them, we cannot check the code. And I know that they do some weird things, so some of the links are just don't access the receiver. So when I send the telegram link, for example, it's just blocked out. We cannot receive the telegram link. It's very weird. And it also happened during last year, there was a kind of a media battle between Facebook and Indian... Can I say, internet fighters, I should say? Drawers. Yes, yes. So some of the links are blocked by Facebook, Messenger and WhatsApp, as far as I heard. Yeah, so if it's end to end encrypted half, that happens. I am dead, that's why. But even though they say that it's encrypted, it's not good because there's metadata. And metadata is about not what you communicate, but with whom you communicate, and how frequent you communicate. So there's a very nice slide that I just copied, this is from EFF. So probably you saw this before, but please read it, it's very good. I'll take you 20 seconds. So the American government is collecting data, especially NSA, and other governments as well probably, and they argue that this is only metadata. But metadata is very relevant, and I know that it can be used to even unique identify people. So one example is, it's very strange. So Facebook, I don't use Facebook that much. You may understand, but I still keep it for the connection to my family. So I saw a friend's recommendation. The name was familiar, but not the photo. And the name was the real estate agency that we were dealing back then. And I don't have his number on my phone. My wife don't have him on Facebook as a friend, but she was what's happening with him. And probably it's just a name, so Facebook was finding the name and finding the user with the same name and offering that user to me. This is a recommendation. So that's very weird. So now I can track people, if there's a new recommendation. And I can, for example, find the city, let's say someone in Hong Kong. And if I know I have a friend in Hong Kong, I can understand that, yeah, my friend in Hong Kong is communicating with this person. That's a privacy issue in my case. That's why it's good to keep networks separate, basically. So metadata is important. So there are some alternatives to keep track of, to use. So I list some of them here. And my criteria are respects privacy, and they are auditable, basically. Even though they say that they don't track us or they respect our privacy, we should be able to audit. So for messaging, Sino is a good one. It's under still active development, and it looks good. Just install it and check it, basically. Ring is an interesting one. There was a presentation last year here in this room as well. That's a fully distributed network, end-to-end encrypted. And they also have video chat, fully encrypted. XMPP with Tor, who knows XMPP protocol? OK, so XMPP used to be Jabber, and it was default messaging protocol by Google, TOLK, and then Facebook Messenger. But Google tried it, hangouts. They break the XMPP protocol compliance, and they just got that. They are still dying, hangouts. And Facebook Messenger just got stronger with WhatsApp. But you can still host your own server with Jitsi, especially, and meet.jitsi. You should check it. It's a very good website for making conference calls. CryptoCat is a nice application. It's on the web. You can chat privately, secure connection. Telegram, we already mentioned it. Telegram is under a bit arguable because they have their own encryption system, which they say is not breakable, but encryption is a kind of risk-tings of people. Some people don't trust them. And good old IRC. It's not encrypted, but you can host your own server, and nobody needs to know that you are chatting on an IRC. And you should always use it with SSL, transport, air security. OK, I have four minutes. Thank you. So for search, duck-duck-go, I made it default. It took a few days to get used to it, but 90% of the time, I find what I'm looking for. And when I look at my search history on Google, it's too much to give to Google. I only use Google for if I cannot find something on duck-duck-go. And it's working for me. I have a question on the digital. So I'm using the digital as well. Very often I don't find what I want. So I do the PyG, that redirects to Google. The question is, how much Google knows about me when I do that? PyG or exclamation mark G? Bank G. So when you do bank G, it redirects to Google, so you are using Google, basically. It's just a convenience. Is HTTPS to Google? Yes, so if you are logged into Google, they can still... You are basically using Google. So, yeah. But their image search is coming from Bing, as far as I know, that is internal, so they put a proxy for you there. And also there are some applications or websites that put a proxy between you and Google, if you don't want to use Google. They make the search and then come back to you. So you can set up your private cloud. There was a workshop about next cloud yesterday. Sorry. Can you show all the rest of the things in that list I answered? I'm not familiar with Google, okay? So can you elaborate a little bit about that? I don't have much time, but if I have time at the end, I have two more minutes. I will just go through them and their website is there. Sandstorm was a very nice application. They had a private cloud, docker kind of thing, using JavaScript, which is very interesting and it was very easy to install, but they recently announced that they are closing the business company part, so it is possible that they will die soon. Although, check it, it's very easy to install on your server and it's a very nice thing. So for file share, again, next cloud, syncing. I use it to sync between my phone and computer. It's an alternative for bit-syncing, I think, so the syncing system from BitTorrent, which is a proprietary system. Syncing is good. GitNX uses Git, it's very geeky, but it's nice to use. MegaNS, it was MegaCom NZ. It was the product of Kim.com, the mega-upload founder. He founded this company in New Zealand and it uses end-to-end encryption, so they store the files in the cloud encrypted and they give 50 gigs of storage space, which is very nice, but two years ago, I think he announced that the company is sold to the New Zealand government and he himself doesn't trust it anymore. I still use it because it's encrypted and New Zealand, I don't have any problems with New Zealand government, not yet, and they give 50 gigs of free space. It's nice, you can check it as well. For social, there is Habzila. I think this is their third name, as far as I know. It was Frendica, then Red Matrix, now Habzila. It's an interesting project, it's a PHP project, and they try to combine all of the social features. So it's like Facebook board, also you can host websites. Yeah, okay. Genius Social and Pampayo are Twitter clones, basically, but they are federated, so it's like email, you can host your own server and then connect in between. RetroShare is also a very nice project. I don't have many friends to use it, but it's a client application that shares messages, RSS, and file with end-to-end encryption. You can take photos, but I... Okay, just... An encryption, Genie Privacy Guard, GPG, it's the most famous one. Any mail is for email. Keybase IO, they are trying to somehow make using GPG popular again. It's a very nice one for email, enic mail, and Tutanota, maybe you heard about Protonmail, it was very famous and it was featured on Mr. Robot, but it's a closed system, proprietary system. Tutanota is a German initiative company. They are developing and giving services for end-to-end encrypted emails, so you don't have to use PGP. Altough there hasn't been new features for the last one year, so they may go down this soon. Okay, so the Internet, you know Tor, probably Tor is a nice network for privacy. It's a free VPN, basically, which is a very slow one. FreeNet, GNUNet, and I2P, they are private encrypted networks piggybacking on the internet infrastructure. So people cannot see you, people cannot track you, but they are very slow, and you may find some very disturbing stuff there, because they are not regulated, so COVID-19. I2P is for Torrent, it's a privacy-aware anonymous Torrent sharing, but they have their own network now. So this is prism break, actually I have some stickers and the QR code should go there, but one of them is not working, I'm sorry, with the cloud one. They messed up the resolution, but you can find all of these applications on this prism break website, just check it out. I will probably upload the slides later, and stay protected, basically. Thank you. Any questions, and then you can set up.


Do you think that this is a simulation? I guess I saw that from the other topic. Oh my gosh. I don't think this is a simulation. Why don't? Well, because it's a good question. Because I haven't seen like, I know there was like this argument that it is a simulation. Here's the data. But I just feel like. You are a numbers man. I am a numbers man. And it is a possibility. I would not dismiss the possibility as a simulation. At a hand I would not. But, and I also am, there are times when it does feel like you're walking in like steps that have been like laid down in front of you in the sand. I mean, there's like sometimes that sense. But I still believe it's us and we're doing it and we're choosing it and we're making it happen. Do you believe in free will? You know, I do believe in free will to a point. Like I do think it's not that many of the virtues that we praise in people. It's like, oh, that's just like, you know, because certainly to the extent I'm capable of anything, like there are a lot of things that went into it in terms of my parentage. And you know, it's like, so even the things where I think I'm choosing, like there are probably a lot of things that, you know, were just my wiring or it's like that, you know, my dad like pushed me in a certain way or whatever it is.