Hello everyone, I welcome you all to MSB lecture series on interpretive spectroscopy. So now I am discussing about UVS spectroscopy. In my last couple of lectures, I was discussing about Orgel diagrams, combined Orgel diagrams for two sets of D electronic configurations. The first one was about D1, D4, D6, D9 for both octahedral and tetrahedral complexes. With one Orgel diagram for high spin complexes, we should be able to interpret data obtained from trans spectroscopy. And in the same way, another Orgel diagram I showed you, that is for D2, D3 and D7, D8 system for both octahedral and tetrahedral complexes combined together. And also we saw some anomalies, energy of some transits are decreasing and the energy of some transits are increasing. How you can correct that one using RACA parameters, considering nephelacetic effects. And now we will consider another unique electronic configuration, D5. So spectroph D5 ions, high spin one, we have quite a few examples are there, manganese two complexes and iron three complexes are D5 system. And for example, if you say hexafluoromanganate 4 minus or hexaqua manganese 2 plus or hexafluoroferrate 3 minus, all are having D5 electronic configuration and high spin complexes. And if you consider electronic rearrangement in this high spin complexes and if you recall spin selection rule of delta S equals 0, these transits are forbidden because if any electron you promote, they will be going with upward spin, then you will be having two spins with the same spin value of plus half. In that case it is not allowed, that is the reason they are all spin forbidden transitions. The ground term is 6S with 11 excited states here. So that means, transient probabilities are extremely low and here in order to see transition from D5 system that is 6S to 4G, 4F, 4D, 4P that involves the reversal of one spin. That means, if I promote one of the electron, it should go that means, it is basically reversal of one spin is essential to see the transition from this one to this four. On the other hand, in order to see transition to these seven levels, we need to reverse the spin of both the electrons that is doubly spin forbidden. So, in this case what happens, it is very weak. If you look into the spectrum, so this how the spectrum looks like for hexaqua manganese 2 plus. So, manganese 2 has a D5 high spin electronic configuration, all derbs are occupied with one electron each. So, none of the possible DD transition is spin allowed. Since for any transition, the spin of the electron must be reversal, both higher energy EGR builds contain already one electron according to Pauli's principle, the spin of the second electron must be reversal. So, therefore, all possible transitions are very weak and hence hexaqua manganese 2 plus is very very pale in color. The bands are extremely weak that is reflected in its epsilon value of 0.2 to 0.03 liter per mole per centimeter. So, allowed transitions, spin allowed bands are invariably broad. So, you can see here these are the transitions observed for hexaqua manganese 2 plus. These arrows indicate the position of the predicted band positions here. So, now the Argel diagram, if you write for this unique D5 electronic configuration for both tetrahedral and octahedral, of course, in case of tetrahedral ignore G. Now, one can write all possible with ground state being 6A1G and 6S is 6A1G and now from 6A1G, you can see about 6 transitions the corresponding lambda maximum values are shown here. That is what I showed you in the spectrum here, this spectrum you can identify those transitions shown here. So, now let us come back to Raqqha parameters, Raqqha parameters were generated as a means to describe the effect of electron-electron repulsion within the metal complexes and the Raqqha parameters are A, B and C. In the case of Tanube-Sugunov diagrams, I will tell you what is Tanube-Sugunov diagrams. We learned about Argel diagrams, we have another set of diagrams which are called Tanube-Sugunov diagrams. In the case of Tanube-Sugunov diagrams, each electron configuration split has an energy that can be related by the B value. A is ignored because it is roughly the same for any metal center and C generally approximately as being 1 by 4 times B. What B represents is an approximation of the bond strength between the ligand and the metal. So, comparisons between tabulated free ion B and B of a coordinated complex is called the nephlaxitic ratio, the effect of reducing electron-electron repulsion via ligands that is beta equals beta complex over beta free ion. Now, let us come back to Tanube-Sugunov diagrams, so Tanube-Sugunov diagrams are used in coordination chemistry to predict electromagnetic absorption of metal coordination compounds of both tetrahedral and octahedral complexes. And ground state is always taken as apsis or x-axis or horizontal axis and provides a constant reference point, other energy levels are plotted relative to this ground state which is as same as x-axis. The low spin terms that is states where the spin multiple is to a spin is lower than the ground states are also included in this Tanube-Sugunov diagram whereas, those things are not considered in case of Argyle diagrams. In order to make the diagram general for different metal ions with the same electronic configuration and to allow for different ligands of different ligand field strength both of which affect DQ that is B and B prime the axes are plotted in units of energy by B and DQ by B. By doing this one in one Tanube-Sugunov diagram we can consider the entire band of ligands we come across in the spectrochemical series. What is the difference between Tanube-Sugunov diagram and Argyle diagram is different diagram is required for different electronic arrangement that means every electronic arrangement you need a separate Tanube-Sugunov diagram you need D1 a separate D2 separate D9 all D1 to D9 except D5 you need a separate Tanube-Sugunov diagram. But it includes all ligands having different ligand field strength the axis in a Tanube-Sugunov diagram is in terms of crystal field splitting parameter 10 DQ or delta octahedral scaled by the Birakha parameter this the y axis in terms of the energy of electronic transition E scaled by B. So, diagrams for D4, D5, D6, D7 metal ions have a discontinuity in energies as the ligand field is varied the discontinuity shown with the vertical line represents complexes changing from high spin to low spin complexes to the left of the line metal complexes are high spin as the spin pairing energy is greater than that of the ligand field splitting to the right of the line metal complexes are low spin as the spin pairing energy is less than that of the ligand field energy. So, what you can do is take Tanube-Sugunov diagrams for each electronic configuration and then read this paragraph here and then observe you can make out the differences how it looks like. So, you can understand in a better way. So, for example, here I have given for 6 D6 system here D2 with replace no fundamental difference between strong and weak field ligands and D6 cobalt 3 place if you can this discontinuity at the 10 DQ B equals 20, 10 DQ by B equals 20 at this point pairing of electron occurs. That means, basically we are moving from weak field to the strong field as a result what happens pairing starts to the left we have high spin complexes weak field to the right we have low spin complexes strong field ligand. So, that means, free ion ground state is 5 D in the octahedral field a singlet 1 I of high energy would be consists of these levels. So, here 1 A 1 G is very important 1 A 1 G is very important here at this state is greatly stabilized by the ligands and drops rapidly in energy as ligand field strength increases. So, A 1 G is here you can see 1 A 1 G and it drops here as we move from left to the right because they become low spin complex here it is a high spin complex here. It crosses the ground state 5 T 2 state and it becomes the ground state here 5 T 2 G was here and then it goes up and then A 1 G what happens that becomes ground state here. For example, if you look into COF 63 minus high spin blue in color 1 peak at 13000 centimeter minus 1 and then if you look into this one we have two transitions are there here we have two transitions here that is 1 A 1 G 1 A 1 G to 1 T 1 G the 1 T 1 G here and the other one is 1 A 1 G to 1 T 2 G here 1 T 2 G here. So, these two transitions are there whereas, here we will see only one transition case of COF 63 minus. So, you can very nicely identify from this D 6 thermal sugar non diagram for D 6 complexes such as hexafluorocobaltid 3 minus and tris ethylene diamine cobalt 3 plus low spin complex which shows two transitions. So, now let us look into ligand to metal charge transfer transitions. For example, I have shown here in case of a tetrahedral complex you can see here we have low energy field sigma orbital and low energy field pi orbital is there and then they cause this kind of low crystal free stabilization energy because both the electrons when they are donated to the metal what happens the homo-lomogap shrinks and then this is more destabilized. That is the reason most of the highlight complexes are very reactive and we use them very conveniently for doing substitution reactions to replace with better ligands. For example, if you take chlorocompones and if you add water it immediately forms hexaquacompone or if you add ammonia you can form hexamone compound or we can use any other ligand to replace very quickly because reactivity is more in these cases and they are all labile complexes. Then this is about metal to ligand charge transfer transition you can see here they have low energy field sigma orbital and high energy empty pi orbitals. Examples as I mentioned it can be CO or PR3 or aromatic groups, unsaturated aromatic groups double bond triple bond compounds and also pyridines etcetera. So, here because of the T2G electrons this essentially n non-bonding orbitals are T2G they combine with pi star to generate bonding and anti-bonding orbitals where this electrons will be coming and here due to this one the CFSC the homo-lomogap increases and they are more stabilized. So, ligand to metal charge transfer transition have very large extension coefficients. So, you can see here how this metal and ligand presence would have an impact on ligand to mass charge transfer transition. For example, first row and second row and third row how it varies it increases steadily and you go from 3D to 4D to 5D the gap increases and the energy required is very high or it falls into lower wavelength. So, now symmetry distortion one can see here trans diethylene diphyloro compound D3IR distorted from octahedral to D4H tetragonal elongation is there. When in tetragonal elongation what would happen is energy level of D3IR as the symmetry of its environment changes from octahedral to tetragonal and you can see these different transitions because of the change in the point group from OH to T4H here. Now, let us look into a couple of problems here very simple problems explain why an electronic transition for a high spin is spin formidable, but for cobalt 2 plus that is D7 is spin allowed. It is very simple you have to identify the oxygen state and the D system. So, in case of MN hexa aqua manganese 2 plus it is a D5 system and immediately of knowing you just write the electronic coefficient of splitting orbit crystal field splitting diagram and put the electrons you have all the five electrons are something like this high spin complex. So, it is spin formidable and it is very easy and then, but for cobalt it is a D7 system D7 system you have again high spin complex. So, here it is allowed because these two electrons can easily go to easy level. So, this is spin allowed transition it is very easy here. So, now let us look into what is the DN configuration spin multiplicity and term symbol of the ground state of titanium 3 plus and vanadium 3 plus already given here. So, this titanium 3 plus is a D1 system plus 3 state D1 system is there and then vanadium is D2 vanadium 3 plus means 3 D3 4 S2 it is a D2 system vanadium is D2 system and then, if you D1 system well you can write again you put one electron here. So, it is if you go for L value equals 0 1 2 3 S P D.  So, 2 D is shown here and similarly, if you go for vanadium D2 system 2 electrons here. So, L equals 3 that means, F and then S equals 1 therefore, 2 S plus 1 equals 3. So, this is 3. So, this is how the ground state term symbol I can spin multiplicity is 3 and 2 in this case and you can identify this. So, all these things can be done easily provided you identify the arson state in the metal complex and then find out what electronic configuration is there and simply find out L value S value and then J value if needed and then you should be able to write the term ground state term symbol. Now, the electronic spectrum of an aqueous solution of Triss ethylene diamine nickel 2 plus exhibits broad absorptions with lambda maximum at 325 550 and 900 nanometer. First question is suggest assignments for the electronic transitions the second one is which bands are in the visible region ok. So, for this one you can see here recollect the Argel diagram for D2 system or D8 system they are essentially same and then if you recall where exactly it comes you can see here 3 transitions will be there and these 3 transitions you can always write here and of course, here what happens the energy of this one drops here and then it increases here you consider like this. So, that does not matter here that question is not asked one we have to assign you should be able to assign once you identify the first ground term ground state and then 3 other states 1 due to P and 1 due to 2 due to F excluding the ground state of F system. So, you should be able to do that which bands are in the visible region. So, 900 nanometer assigned to 3A due to 3T2G and 550 is assigned to 3A2G to 3T1G and then 325 is assigned to 3A2G to 3T1G. So, this how you can identify and assign the values. So, of the 3 absorptions in this one which is closest to the UV end of the spectrum does the notation 3T3T2G to 3A2G indicate in absorption or emission band why are the 3 transitions spin all over and upward error these are the 3 questions you should work out. These questions I am posing to you people by just looking to the spectrum and then try to work out for these 3 questions. So, now one more problem is here aqueous solution of hexa-covanadium 3 plus shows absorptions at 17,000, 200 and 25,600 centimeters assigned to 2 transistors already given 3T1G F to 3T2G and then 3T1G F to 3T1G P transitions estimate values of B and delta O for hexa-covanadium compound and then here this is the compound given and then if you just look into here the plot E versus B versus delta versus B. So, here the B is unknown, but if you take the ratio what we get is E2 over E1, but if you consider E2 over E1 here this comes around E2 over E1 ratio will be 1.49. In order to get that 1.49 you have to do trial points here what you should do is you have to consider at different points for delta value with respect to this one considering the transition ground state as well as the excited state between which electronic transition happening, but that means 3T1G to 3T2G and 3T1G to 3T1G P. You have to consider this keep on doing by trial for example you when this value is 20 what would happen. So, then at this value what is the E2 by B or D1 by B for these two levels between each electronic transition taking place you can find out from the plot approximately and get the value here and similarly you make another trial considering 30 delta O over B equals 30 and then again at that value you find out E2 from y-axis and calculate these two values and get 1.46 and then one more trial you do it and you arrive at the one we found from the data. So, that means there is an approximate answer, but we are now be able to estimate B and delta as follows you can take here 29 we have in this one what we are getting is 40 and then E2 equals 25600 and B equals 640 and then when you take 29 here again E1 by B you can take it at 26.9 is there since E1 equals 17200 B equals 640 centimeter inverse. So, substitution of the value of B into this one would give an estimate of delta this is approximately 18600 centimeter minus 1 this how you should be able to do from this taking simply Ternobetsugano diagram. So, this shows how useful Ternobetsugano diagram from which by simply looking into the transition and comparing the value of E by B versus delta O by B and you can calculate delta O very easily for a given complex. So, let me stop here and come with more examples maybe at the end in my next lecture I shall focus your attention on IR spectroscopy after that one I will go to mass spectrometry and then EPR and if time permits mass bar and then I would come back to solve problems from all these spectroscopic methods to make you very expert in elucidation and interpretation of the data. So, until then see you until my next lecture.


Welcome back. So, we have started with the fat soluble vitamins and have seen the functions, sources, deficiencies and excess intake of the vitamin A and vitamin D which is important for our body. The remaining vitamins that is vitamin E and K we will be dealing in this class. Vitamin E it is a family of 8 or antioxidants, 4 tocopherols that is alpha, beta, gamma and delta and 4 tocopherols again alpha, beta, gamma and delta. The main active form among these is the alpha tocopherol. So, release of vitamin E from the food requires bile and the digestive enzymes which are released from the pancreas and intestinal tract and integration into the micelle. So, the release of vitamin E from the food requires bile and digestive enzymes from the pancreas and intestinal tract and integration into the micelle. Fat is transported in the form of micelle therefore, it is integrated into the micelle and vitamin E is stored in the liver and adipose tissue. Now, the dietary sources of vitamin E are it is present in all the polyunsaturated plant oils and leafy vegetables, then wheat, germ all the grains which have germ contain vitamin E and whole grains, liver, yolk, nuts especially almonds and seeds especially the sunflower seeds. These are rich sources of vitamin E. Now, the functions of vitamin E the main function is it acts as an antioxidant then it prevents the propagation of free radicals because of the activity as antioxidant then protects vitamin A and ascorbic acid from the oxidation being by oxidizing itself. Then also protects the polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin A in the body reduces the risk of cancer and heart disease and it is mainly considered as an anti-aging vitamin and the requirement for this vitamin for an adult is 8 to 10 milligrams of alpha tocopherol per day. Now, deficiency of vitamin E also causes some symptoms. So, when there is severe vitamin E deficiency one or two days of deficiency will not cause any symptoms because vitamin E is stored in the liver. Therefore, severe vitamin E deficiency will cause neurological symptoms like impaired coordination and muscle weakness causing attacks here. Then the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, visual scotomas and deficiency occurs in severe protein energy malnutrition and fat malabsorption syndrome because fat is required for the transport of vitamin E. Then deficiency can be treated by giving them 800 to 1200 milligrams of tocopherol per day. So, this is how the eye this scotoma in the eye looks like in vitamin D deficiency the skin becomes dry and wrinkled and that is why it is called as an anti-aging vitamin. The liver disease also is caused because of vitamin E deficiency because it is stored in the liver and it is used as an antioxidant and protects so many other nutrients against oxidizing. Then problems of excess, excess vitamin E that is above 1000 milligrams. This when I say when you are deficient take 800 to 1200 milligrams, but under normal conditions if the vitamin E is taken above 1000 milligrams per day it causes impaired blood clotting leading to increased risk of bleeding in some persons. And it is recommended to stop vitamin E supplements before one month of surgery because so that it does not lead to over bleeding. The next fat soluble vitamin A is vitamin K and there are two forms of vitamin K again the plant source of vitamin K is vitamin K 1 phylloquinone and the menachinone is found in fish oils and meats which is called as vitamin K 2. So, 80 percent of the vitamin K which is taken in is absorbed by the body. And the release of vitamin K from the food requires again just like any other fat soluble vitamin it requires bile digestive enzymes from the pancreas and intestinal tract and also it is integrated into the micelle as it is a fat soluble vitamin. 50 percent of the vitamin K is synthesized by the gut bacteria. We have many beneficial bacteria in the body so vitamin K also is one of the nutrient that is synthesized by the gut bacteria. The functions of vitamin K it is essential for formation of blood clotting proteins. Then it is also important in the inborn metabolism and formation there are some inborn errors of metabolism in an infant. So, it plays a role in the inborn metabolism. Then recommended dietary allowance is FAO-WHO in 2004 has adjusted that 55 micrograms of vitamin K is essential for an adult. Now, this vitamin K is used for anti-coagulant drug overdose then because it is important for blood clotting. So, anti-coagulant drug overdose requires vitamin E for controlling the coagulation. Then it reduces the excessive menstrual flow then essential for blood clotting and haemorrhage and bleeding. Then haemorrhagic diseases in newborn babies also is caused because of vitamin K deficiency and inhibiting some cancer tumors and overcoming the inability to absorb vitamins you can use vitamin K as in and in infants the bleeding during the delivery is inhibited by giving an injection of vitamin K to the pregnant woman so that there is no excessive loss of blood during the delivery of the baby. Diet resources are liver, green leafy vegetables and broccoli, peas then green beans and milk. So, these are all vitamin K is widely available in the vegetables. So, we can see that vitamin K benefits of blood clotting and it is also a clotting champion vitamin K is called as a clotting champion because it is very important for blood clotting it converts the pro thrombin into the thrombin and which is required for blood clotting. Now, deficiency of vitamin K it increases the clotting time then increases the tendency of causing haemorrhage and deficiency may be seen in premature infants those who are on strong antibiotics and those who fail to absorb fat soluble vitamins. So, since it is a fat soluble vitamin if there is no absorption of vitamin K then the clotting of blood is delayed therefore, the bleeding time increases. Similarly, like the other fat soluble vitamins there is toxicity with vitamin K intake also. So, vitamin K is readily excreted from the body compared to other fat soluble vitamins. So, generally there is no toxicity found but high doses reduce the effectiveness of antipogalant drugs. So, suppose a patient requires an antipogalant drug and he has very high dose of vitamin K it interferes with the anticoagulation and it can lead to jaundice and hemolytic anemia in newborns. So, you can see the bleeding occurs because of vitamin K deficiency and it cannot be stopped and a baby with haemorrhage disease can bleed from different places and it may be fatal. Therefore, vitamin K and vitamin E both are very important fat soluble vitamins which are called as the anti-aging vitamin and the anti clotting vitamin. So, these two are very important and we have seen what are the food sources what happens when it is excess and what happens when the vitamins are deficient in our food. Thank you.


Hey friends today We are continuing our Disney Land Paris trip and we are heading to Walt Disney Studios Park And I'm so excited this park has a Tower of Terror and an Avengers campus And I cannot wait to show you around we're gonna ride some rides eat some food and just have a beautiful Walt Disney Studios kind of day Anyhoo, let's go do this Look at how awesome that Walt Disney Studios water tower is I actually love the front facade of this whole entire park You can actually see Mickey's Sorcerer hat peeking through right there, and I'm excited for this day I haven't explored much around here So a lot of it is new to me, and I can't wait to just you know share my experiences with you It is like 40 degrees out today, and I'm expecting some rain a little bit later on So I'm rocking the steamboat Willie Roosevelt's combination I got the hat and the hoodie, and I figured it was fitting since we're going to Walt Disney Studios One of the things I definitely love about this park is the fact that you have to walk through studio one To actually get into the park and it's so cool because on the inside It's like Sunset Boulevard at Hollywood Studios I really feel like this is a combination of Epcot, California Adventure and Hollywood Studios They have a Toy Story area They have a Avengers campus, and they even have a Remy's Ratatouille Adventure area So it kind of is all combined together to make a Studios Park Here's a look at the map we are right here you have the Tower of Terror Avengers campus You have the worlds of Pixar over here with cars area cars road trip Toy Story Plainland Ratatouille Crushes Coaster it's a kind of a small park so you can do this pretty quickly and Even though it's small. I think it's a lot of fun. It's almost in the shape of a hidden Mickey. It's a little crooked though We're gonna make our way into studio one look at Mickey up there And like I said, I love this because it's like indoor Hollywood Studios Sunset Boulevard Look as soon as you walk in And this is the main entrance into the park got the brown derby I Love it in here. You got a Hollywood jewel box. You even have like a Hollywood and Vine area over here It's definitely a unique idea All of these places are just facades though because we're inside of Studio so there's not actually like a Hollywood and Vine They have like, you know quick-service restaurants back there and shops and I got super excited because they have a leaky-tiki And I thought maybe there was a tiki bar, but it's just a place to sit down It would have been cool if that was an actual tiki bar like a little Trader Sam's kind of area And then you just walk right back out the doors and you're officially in the park itself And I don't know where we should start our day today. I'm kind of like thinking Oh, maybe we should go to Tower of Terror since it's right there Instead of buying the all-day premiere access pass. I think I'm gonna use single individual ones There are 16 euros for like Avengers assemble flight force Twilight Zone Tower of Terror is 16 euros and then Crush's Coaster is 18 the same thing with Spider-Man web adventures and I'm sure this makes much more sense. So that's what we're gonna do today I'm curious to see what the Avengers assemble Coaster is gonna be like I believe that used to be Rock and Roller Coaster and then they turned it over into an Avengers theme Coaster since it's in Avengers campus And then also the same thing goes for the cars road trip I'm not too sure if it's much like Cars Land over in DCA, but we're gonna find out But for right now, it's time for the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror and we've got our little premiere access here All right Perfect I Was very curious of the actual lobby of this hotel Seems a little bit cleaner. I don't see much cobwebs in here. Oh, there's a little cobwebs up there Look at that Checking in please Take a look at that creepy doll actually sitting on the couch over there. It's a little frightening Oh Such a great ride there was no filming allowed But I do have to say it is definitely a little bit more creepier than any of the other towers In fact, I was like a little bit like spooked out and it doesn't have the extra dimension at Like it doesn't have that extra dimension that you go through like the Hollywood Studios But the creep factor really did it for me and I loved it. I liked it a lot Something that's really cool is once you get off the ride you actually just go right on into Avengers campus here How nifty is that? This Avengers campus is different from California venture PIMS test kitchen is the actual buffet Which I would love to get into I mean that would be incredible Can you imagine a PIMS test kitchen buffet and then of course they don't have like Guardians of the Galaxy and instead They have the Avengers December coaster, but I'm sure we'll see some really awesome characters maybe even The Hulk because I hear the Hulk is actually here for this two weeks Looks like Ant-Man is outside right now doing meet and greets Wow It looks a little bit different though, but compared to what I'm used to seeing Might be a little bit tighter, but we'll see once we get down there. Oh, I feel some rain It does look like they have a quick service stark factory with pizza and pasta And I wasn't interested in going in here since we're going to PIMS But I noticed the Hulk Buster right in the center. So I had to come in and see it look at that That is incredible That's awesome, isn't it We were lucky enough to grab a reservation for PIMS test kitchen and I'm excited to have a little buffet lunch I'm really I'm really interested to see if it's the same people in California, but buffet style and Yeah, this is gonna be good. I can't believe we got it. We're very lucky Here it is PIM kitchen and like I said, it's a buffet It's 45 euro 45 euro and they have a lot of different offerings I can't wait to see if they have the pretzel in here along with some of the good mixed drinks that they have over at DCA and I'm excited to probably have a little cocktail wouldn't mind that and eat some Pimparticle food The restaurant itself is really themed nice. It has tons of murals of Ant-Man himself big gigantic dome ceilings It's really cool in here I'm gonna get myself a drink now a regular non-alcoholic drink is included But you can get like a specialty cocktail and I'm not too sure what it is But I think they said it was blue and they bring out a gigantic pretzel Kind of like as a bread service. That's not on the buffet. So I'm excited to see that come out Well, it's not exactly the giant pretzel I'm used to seeing but it's still a pretty decent size And I think it's all you can eat but I thought that was kind of funny. I was hoping for the big old one, you know Now to see if it tastes like the pretzel that I love so much I'm gonna give you guys the full rundown of the buffet they have a gigantic pretzel sandwich With pastrami a gigantic hot dog and then also a little tiny miniature hot dogs So you can get a piece of the big one or you can have some of the little ones They have a little pasta section here where they do different pastas this one is a garganzola And they use those gigantic noodles this one is like regular marinara. Look at that They have a gigantic burger You can get a slice of the gigantic burger or you can get a little mini burger. I love that They've got some no key here. They've got Wheat strips with chickpeas. They've got fried chicken wings. These chicken wings look good They've got prawn stir-fry green beans over here and then I'll skip this section and come back But on this side they have Gigantic jambalaya. Look at this. I'll take this whole entire thing back to my table. They've got mini corn dogs and Mexican egg rolls over there. I'm excited for this jambalaya though. That looks phenomenal. Look at it. And then over here This is the one I was saying I'll come back to they've got looks like barbecue ribs Oh, no, this is just roasted pork with barbecue sauce on it cauliflower potatoes crab cakes salmon and then a crumble Crumble from vegetable crumble from vegetable.  So I'm gonna have to try to keep it calm try to keep it cool They have prawns over here and shrimp and then some funny-looking sauces This looks like blue mayonnaise, but I think they have regular mayonnaise, too, but why blue? Why is it blue? Oh, I need some wet naps. That's what I need gonna put a couple of those in my purse That's the way and here's the salad bar I think we've got some spicy hummus up top with Doritos in it Yeah, spicy hummus and then they've got a little like salad mix But I like how the dressings are all in little lab vials. That's kind of cool grilled chicken the works Some more salad and smoked meats over here Wow That's incredible. Thank you. That is incredible Our drinks have arrived look at these things. Oh That looks so cool. I can't wait to try it and then I also got a fancy there and Yeah, lots of food lots of food to take in here And those things that were up there the barbecue that was in chicken or breads. It's just pork So it's barbecue pork, but now we're gonna try the drink itself That's good, that's honestly refreshing it reminds me of the blue raspberry slushies that aims I'm pretty sure it's a champagne with goat's head berries In it. It's good, but you really can't really taste anything Alcoholic wise I just taste the like that blue raspberry flavor I'm not even too sure how I'm gonna go in on this, but here we go There is just so much food here they give you well there's so much food options They give you like you can literally just go up there and just have something new plate after plate after plate I'm trying to try a little bit of everything, but at the same time I just want to devour all the things that I love so far The jambalaya was phenomenal not too spicy the chicken wings was so good The pasta I loved I've always wanted to have those big noodles You know the really long noodles and that's the first time having them I'm like wow I got to order them for my house and Yeah, the burger was really good too. The burger though seems a little weird. I might want to try the little version The kids buffet has like the little mini burgers Shoe string fries breaded cauliflower and then look at this pasta. It's like a mac and cheese Got the big old noodles in there too and also they have Ice cream station with all the toppings, but the ice cream itself is like a really cool dispensary I want to show you but maybe a little bit later on This is by far the most I've eaten on this trip like I'm going I'm going ham here There's a lot and I enjoy almost all of it like I really do I said I wasn't going to try to eat that much because I think I'm gonna go ride Avengers Which assembled right after this so big buffet roller coasters. I don't know that's a great combination Look at these desserts. They have a gigantic Oreo. I'm all about a gigantic Oreo They have a gigantic well. They say maxi a maxi Madeline and then mini Madeline. Look at those I love those they have a maxi donut up top there. I don't know if you can see it too Well, then they have a huge strawberry dessert and giant gummy bears.  Look at this Him in cake. This is some kind of crème brûlée It's like blue sauce that you put on your dessert pear crème cake They've got the wasp cells up top here. That's really cool So many things right Framboise I Did pretty good there, huh cool a duty cool a day from Boola. That's a raspberry sauce. I Have to try some of these fancy sauces. Oh a little bit too much. There we go So I've got some carrot cake there. Oh I'm gonna have my my hand all died from the bottom of the bottle there. Yeah, that's a good start Oh, they even got jello shots in the back there, too I'm gonna try the maxi Oreo first That's sure to be wow I'm gonna take the carrot cake with the pimp particle on it and I'm gonna mix All the sauces together. I don't know if that's the combination. I should be doing carrot cake with Englaze Enrique Englaze you But here we go Yeah, it's very good the carrot cake is good now I'm gonna eat my pimp particle It's bread so I don't know if that means I grow or I shrink We'll find out The server taking care of us is hysterical literally he came up to me and DTH left for a second. He said where did he go? Where did he go when I was like to get more food? And he was like, oh, okay. He thought maybe he shrunk down He was looking for them and then we ordered some espresso and he said he's sorry But the cups actually grow I'll be honest that might be my all-time favorite Disney buffet I really love the concept behind it the food backed up the concept and it was incredible I didn't have the best Time with the Disney food so far in Disneyland Paris and I kind of always heard rumors that it was horrible But that just stands out on its own. I think that is absolutely amazing such a great idea and I wish I had one that wasn't so far away. I would call all the time Right across from Pem's is Spider-Man web slingers and it's a 70 minute wait, but they also have a 10 minute single rider line So I think we're gonna do it even though this isn't my favorite ride I still want to take DTH on it and then we're gonna do flight for us Adventurous campus is bopping over here I kind of like the way these look this might be the new shades of the future Yeah Yeah And enjoy your ride I Was fun riding spider-man again I just feel like the ride's just a little too short if it was longer and had more scenes I think I would like it a lot more and now it's time for flight force Look at that flight force It's inside this building here I Like how they added the big aid to the show building in the back there Kind of looks like you know what I mean if it's perfectly This is another ride I'm not too sure I'm gonna be able to film because like rock and roller coaster It's all in the dark and it has a launch sequence in it. So we'll see once we get up there I at least like to show you guys the queue though And especially since this one used to be rock and roller coaster. I'm excited for it I wonder if they have one of those cool walls the doors Wow Continue I love how the front has a little arc reactor on it Force was a lot of fun I wasn't allowed to film it, but it was basically a carbon copy of rock and roller coaster Just with Avengers music and Avengers projections and now we made our way out and the Hulk is visiting the Avengers campus here in Disneyland Paris just for two weeks and we happen to be here during that time So I'm hoping that we get to say hi and meet him It's not the whole but it is spider-man Yeah, I Decided to put on a poncho and I am anti poncho But look at me.  I look ridiculous It looks like because of the rain there's no Hulk so at least we got to see Spidey One of the things they're building in Walt Disney Studios at the moment is a Frozen themed land and it's actually going to be going far back It's a massive Expansion that they're putting together as you can see this is going to be it way back here And are we also getting a Star Wars land here? Doesn't that look like a Star Wars land? In all it looks like galaxies edge almost holy moly. They might be doing a massive expansion Yeah, because like we are right here We're right here So this is actually going to take it all the way back and kind of look like an Epcot like Lagoon style And it's going to be Arundel back there. That's really going to be huge. Holy moly As for now though, we're making our way back to the world of Pixar It's like the Toy Story and Remy's Ratatouille area and they got a big statue of Bud Lightyear Look at Buzz and then this way is Toy Story Playland Takes you just right on into RC. I wouldn't mind doing RC, but I got this poncho on right now And I don't know how ponchos work on rides too much, you know It's a very small scale down like Toy Story land very scaled down Well, we're scaled down. Oh, we are we are we're toys now. You're good you oh And they also have like a army like parachute guy ride here Probably for the kiddos, you know We're definitely making our way back to Paris. Look at this fanciness and There's a restaurant back here that Remy's Ratatouille adventure actually takes you through at the end of ours. We go into that last scene I'm pretty sure we go into the restaurant here The rain's really starting to come down, but I think we're gonna do single rider here Oh, that's so cool. That's the restaurant right there It was almost the same exact ride as Epcot, but this is the original one and it's cool How it led into the restaurant itself one of these days if I ever come back here, I'd love to come Chez Remy Chez Remy Why did I say it like that Chez Remy? But that's the restaurant. I would like to eat there Now I think we're gonna make our way on the crushes coaster This is a really cool ride because it just spins around and around all you can see actually coming out right here It's a unique ride too, that's the funny part about it. Let's see if we can see one come launching out Totally gnarly, dude Oh boy Oh At first I thought they might have had a monsters and corporate a ride But they just have a screen monitor where you scream and fill the tank as much as you can You got to let it all the way up I wonder if I can get up there I did nothing, you know, I just looked like a fool for screaming I was louder than that kid Maybe it's only kid screams. Oh, that's true. That's true adults don't count We're gonna make our way back to our hotel and we're gonna cut through Disney Village Disney Village is like the downtown Disney area and you can see they've got an IMAX theater the world of Disney They actually have a Disney store and a world of Disney together and I thought that was kind of cool Like they're not together. They have separate stores, but I want a world of Disney and a Disney store Here's a look at the map. It's not that big. It's actually very small there's only like a handful of bars and restaurants in fact there's 12 of them and Yeah, it's really cool because it's right next to both parks and it's surrounded by all the Disney resorts that they have here So it's kind of just the way you would enter in Disneyland in California They have a Nets diner, which is like a diner like 50s primetime cafe except for all of the waitresses and waiters they Go around on roller skates, which is kind of cool They also have the Royal Pub they have a country music kind of bar I think it's called Cowboys. I Don't know what that sign says Cowboys and city slickers I'm pretty sure that's what that sign says right next to the war the the royal pub Well says country Western saloon, but I think it's like Billy Bob's I'm pretty I have to look up, but I thought I just saw a sign that said Cowboys and city slickers That would be funny if it did say that Let me see here Billy Bob's it is Billy Bob's that says oh Cowboys and city folks welcome But it is called Billy Bob's and it's actually a buffet and this has been open since 1992 Same with the other park and then they have a steakhouse a Starbucks and a rainforest cafe and then a sports bar on this side But honestly the coolest and most important thing out of all of Disney Village is the fact that they have a McDonald's Look at that a McDonald's Wow on Disney property McDonald's and Disney has a long-running partnership And it used to be a Walt Disney World and now this is probably the only place you'll find a McDonald's on property and here's a look at the map again as we get closer and Our hotel itself right here Disney's hotel New York the Art of Marvel then they have the Cheyenne the Santa Fe Newport Bay Club there's only a handful of resorts, but they're all pretty nice And with that I feel like we are done here today the rain has gotten the best of me But I got to enjoy a Walt Disney Studios, and we got a lot done now There are some things we didn't do but it's a very small park So it's not gonna be a very long video, but I did enjoy a lot of it Pins Testio Pins kitchen was such a highlight for me. It was so good and remarkable. I absolutely Like loved it. It changed my mind about some of the Disney food here, and yeah, it's still gonna be fun I'm probably got one more day left and Yeah, I'm gonna try to enjoy and Make the most of it. So I hope you enjoyed the video. I enjoyed making it. I'm a soggy bottom boy I accept that because I Just want to stay out no matter what now any hoes. We'll see you next time. Bye


Welcome to the Argos Toy Unboxing. Here's a garage with three cars from Chad Valley. Let's open the box. First, we need to put it together. But don't worry, it's really simple to do and loads of fun as well. These instructions help you assemble it, but as you can see, it's pretty easy to click into place. Click in the fuel pump and the car wash. Okay, that's looking more like it. Clip on the top story and the main body of the garage is now together. Let's clip the helipad and lift onto the top. Okay, that all looks about right. Now for the stickers. They're easy to put on, but you need to line them up correctly before pressing them firmly into place. There, it's all ready for creative play. Let's drive our cars up one by one, close the barrier and park. This one fancies a trip to the helipad at the top. A trip to the car wash for this one. And the petrol station for this one. And down the ramp, weee! And a trip back up in the lift. We hope you've enjoyed the busy day with the Chad Valley garage with three cars.


I got your name right. Thank you team two. No No, I don't like Mike's all right So good afternoon. I'm here to talk on behalf of the research institutes You see our slogan here for today is unity in diversity. So The Institute would like to reiterate that we are very happy with the current level of diversity and flexibility that we enjoy at the same time we are looking forward to having continue having a environment which is Adequate in order to allow us to continue working as the connecting dots of the of the university So I represent here all these research institutes. It's very difficult actually to talk with one voice For all of them, but I hope to represent them adequately Alright So what causes actually what? Instigates the admiration for research it's for research institutes at Tilburg University We believe first is continued Right, we talk here about a for maybe potentially eight-year strategy program But research institutes have been around for more than 10 maybe even 15 years Another element that we have been taking very very seriously since the beginning as research institutes has been benchmarking And this is important also for the university right if we want to know what we want to become and do this properly then we should also see Whom are we competing with right what we exactly want to achieve and then for institutes have been has been really important to a Sharpen the external focus of Tilburg University We have acted as ambassadors in this in this respect and we have always done that in a bottom-up very flexible approach So currently we're working indeed with three themes, but the institutes have had a much broader palette of of interests and Research interest that we have pursued and this brings me indeed To the discussion about folks so currently we have advanced three major Themes however for us focus is relative right why three and not ten or 20 right, so it's not so much about focus. It's more about Identifying all these connecting themes which we with which we can work together and we can also Excel what we should also of course try to do Properly and properly monitor is whether there is scope for clustering right clustering institutes Of course many times we are asking you know the institutes why the university should invest in institutes But we should also you know we could also ask the opposite question why institutes should remain in Tilburg Right currently we are many of us Most of us I would say we are globally renowned right and this activity could be moved elsewhere Why staying here right? This is an important question. I think to To ask taking into account the the current level of maturity at the Institute level Obviously we are staying here Because there are proper incentives for research Because we are rewarded wherever we you know our outreach efforts are fruitful We stay here because we are Supported when we launch any education initiatives We also stay here because there is a Stimulating environment for working together. There is a lunch seminar in the emboss. There is cooperation between Tilek and Tilt There is also the net lab Right, so there are initiatives that are Supported by the the central level and this should be the case also for the future The university would also use the Institute much more actively when it comes to building international networks We believe that actually there is scope for much more Work the university also could streamline sustainable investment in in in the institutes And also discuss with them more actually how to ensure that we work properly at the interstices between institutes and schools This brings me to sustainable growth sustainable growth is a topic that has been in the think piece that was That was distributed. We believe that only disruptive growth should bring new schools. We believe that New schools are not necessary just to launch education programs But we should be Thinking only around critical mass if critical mass is there then we could move Into new directions So this means actually that a constant monitoring of critical mass is necessary in our opinion Otherwise we may indeed cause unnecessary fragmentation So this brings me to my final slide and I'm almost on time Wow, so I was talking about unity in diversity But we can see it also from a different perspective saying that Even if we are diverse we do carry the Tilbury University branch around the world, right? And we do this quite quite successfully We have I think we should somehow celebrate all these achievements that we have Done to date right and this has been of course a Achievements that we couldn't achieve on our own right these are achievements that we managed to achieve together Of course many times this has been a very risky Initiative a very risky endeavor it has worked but after many pains taking Exercise, thank you. However, even if we are different We can still achieve very important goals together. Thank you very much