We sat down together and came up with a plan. 4a 5 dil미ntливans i banibana treatsas – three senior leadership – asen i kitchumama fee два kou napa ilets着. Managama i yeti i sorbindani i kimia. Turaiatta uleda haia piw olderat د속ار are no hue and make airiu i pake sätad Welcome, heterotoa i mlapte i maen nautatie ja reika. ia roles just like big goal dreaming. Ynno, guess is what we'd like to achieve in this amount of time. And then, from there, we actually worked backwards and got it right down to a 3-year plan, what we wanted to achieve over the next 3 years, and we identified five main areas. Once we'd identified what the five main goals were, we broke those right down and, within each goal, we had to identify how we were going to address the needs and what we were going to do to make sure we got to the big end result. So, initially, we focused on data analysis, Te anolia matteru pai te cablesa mokrera pakaiai. Tamaki te diwousa te te tata, mokrera ngikatara. Kequ,"tai cerai se будет te tata pakaiai he mirodu kunapa tu ja veilu, ir 19a e ti se u錄nu i lawin i te tata akelyta. Mae ownwa saka te tanjū maikia. Te te tata tata mokrera kuchnama. so that we had good systems and processes in which to gather the information but also evaluate what information we had and what was the quality of it and how were we going to use that to drive the improvement theory within the school. We started with EASTL. We'd actually already been using EASTL in the school but it hadn't been used as effectively as what it had been previously. So we reintroduced that and made sure that the teachers were trained to moderate using the EASTL tool. Once we gathered the EASTL data and had done some analysis of that, it provides a really good starting point for teachers in terms of what are the things that I need to find, what are the things my students don't have, what are the things that this EASTL test is showing that they don't have. I found the analysis of the data looking at it, being able to identify specific areas to focus on, very helpful in my own practice. So it's changed the way I've looked at the way I teach writing, the way I show children the types of modelling I'm doing, the exemplars that I use, a lot more thought goes into that and a lot more. Narrowing down the focus less is more because especially a struggling writer, it's easy to look at it and say, this child needs all this done for them and it's too big. So narrowing it down, breaking down those learning intentions to something achievable both for me as a teacher and for the child as a student has made it far easier to focus my teaching in a more explicit way. From there we've also done quite a lot of other work in writing. Like we've started with writing learner profiles for our target students. Each teacher had to identify five students who were below in writing and who needed quite a lot of support and we created learner profiles for those students and then from there we also have been monitoring those students so we've had regular monitoring meetings every Monday to guide and make sure that those students are actually progressing. Part of this process is that the teachers have become a lot more aware about what they're doing. Through the initial practice analysis conversations teachers really saw things that they weren't sure that they, oh I didn't realise that I did that and what they're doing is they're making changes and they're actually regularly going back and videoing themselves just for ten minutes just to see are they being explicit. You're planning your lesson and then you go back and you're reflecting on that lesson and it's like I didn't actually quite do that or you know I didn't quite go the way I planned it and as a result of these conversations I am a lot more aware of you know if this is what I say I'm doing in my lesson am I actually doing this in my lesson my learning intentions have become a lot more specific. Well making sure my students are more aware of what their learning intention is as well as the success criteria. We've just filmed ourselves again last week and analysing that video I did see an improvement in my teaching and being more specific and what it was I was actually doing with my students. What we've noticed for the students is that they have a lot more awareness about what their learning and why they might be doing it where it fits into the bigger picture they're able to talk more about their role in their learning than they could do a year ago back in 2016. Nikki was really good to work with as our external facilitator because she was really honest and the key thing is she was able to build relationships in our school and that was really important because I needed to know that the teachers weren't going to feel like they were being judged. I wanted to make sure that they could work with somebody that had that constructive feedback but was also somebody that they felt they could use as a guide or a support that they weren't actually being assessed on who they were as teachers. It was more about trying to get their teaching practice improved so that we could accelerate the achievement of our students.


This book is really something very special to me. When I began out in my work in data privacy, it was with working with John at the Department of Homeland Security as a law student where I clerked. I didn't really know too much about this field before then. And John really introduced me to this subject matter. And it wasn't for John. It's quite likely that I never would have made it to the Berkman Center. So this is really quite a special thing for me to be able to be here and talk about this book. So a bit about my background. I'm a research fellow here at the Berkman Center. I'm also a private practice lawyer at Perkins Cooley. I've been working in the data privacy field both in the United States and in Europe under English law. And the focus of my work at the Berkman Center in private practice is really European and global data privacy law in the conflicts which it presents. With me is John Crawford. He's the lead author and the architect of this book. He is the former Deputy Chief Privacy Officer of the Department of Homeland Security, current head of privacy at Northrop Grumman, 10 plus years in the State Department, and is just has an abundance of knowledge and resource on this subject matter. John? Thanks very much, Neil. I hope everybody can hear me okay through the miracle of Skype. I've got thumbs up, so that's good. I just want to say first off, greetings from Washington, D.C., and I do really appreciate Berkman's flexibility in of all places to be technically savvy. I would expect Berkman to be able to manage this quite well. So thank you, Berkman Center, for allowing me the ability to come to you from Skype in Washington. I'd like to get a sense from as we go around the room just briefly when you do introductions, just kind of everybody's background, if it's law, if it's international affairs, if it's IT or internet, just to help kind of gauge where everybody's interest might be. I'll just say briefly about myself. I've kind of been, I wouldn't say I had a pre-planned career, I've been somewhat of a nomad, but I've been at work as an attorney at the Department of Justice, worked then at the State Department, where I started to do privacy and Freedom of Information Act law. I left that to go to the most illogical place possible, which was former Soviet Union country of Turkmenistan for two years with my wife, who was a Foreign Service Officer, came back and I could see that privacy was still very big on an international level and moved over to Homeland Security, where I worked with them building an international privacy team and then serving as deputy for their privacy office. And then I've continued to work in privacy in the private sector now since really 2012. Trained as an attorney, but I've hopped on both sides of the fence between law and policy all around privacy because I think privacy has got one leg in law, one leg in policy and one leg in IT. So it's a fascinating area. I would say that privacy picked me. I didn't really pick privacy. I'm going to basically also give my one disclaimer, which is the remarks you're going to hear from me today are really my own personal remarks. They don't reflect the remarks of the past government agencies I've worked for or my current employer. Great. Thank you very much for sharing your backgrounds. Now we're going to, John's going to give a bit of insight into what he was thinking when preparing the book and what it really means for him. I'm going to give some thoughts on the book myself. Then we're going to open it up to discussion. I'll lead with a few questions and then to the rest of the room. John. Thanks, Neil. And I guess I'll just open by saying, I'll explain the motivations for the book. It is, I'll say that the old saying that necessity is a mother of invention. Well, that's really what prompted the book. I found myself after September 11th, both at the State Department and then later at Homeland Security, involved in a number of negotiations with a lot of our European friends to share personal information. And it started around really with Australia for lost and stolen passport information. There was no established or systematized way to share that type of information between lost and stolen passports in our two countries. That evolved further with both State Department and Homeland Security. I participated on three different negotiations over something called the passenger name record agreement or the P&R agreement, as it became known, that was involving the exchange of personal information held by the airlines where those flights were outbound out of the EU into the US and what information could be shared under the European directive. It also extended into a negotiation around what they called at one time the high level contact group. It's been called different things, the umbrella group, but it was really intended to be a negotiation to come up with an established set of principles of privacy and data protection to share law enforcement information. And during those negotiations, I was, as a lawyer, I wanted to see what had been done before. What was the prior practice? And there really was no one single source to go and look at how had these information sharing agreements gone on before. I thought surely this has been done before. Perhaps there's a reference tool. Well, there wasn't. And so I really did this because I wanted a reference tool. I wanted a collection of information sharing agreements that the US had engaged in to really show how had this been done before, really to have as a handbook. And I recall early on as a very junior attorney at the State Department, there was the one thing I had always hoped to work on were treaties and international agreements. And there is a wonderful book out there that is out of print, but I always remembered it. It's called The Treaty Maker's Handbook. And it's actually by a former high-level UN official Hans Blix. And it's basically a guide of how an agreement should look, what kind of provisions it should have in it. So I kind of took that as my model. And I really then went back and tried to pull all of the past information sharing agreements that I knew of, that as far as I could find, they went all the way back, going back to the 70s of all places that seemed the most unlikely, but they had actually a couple dozen information assuring agreements were the Social Security Administration engaged in what they called totalization agreements that was sharing of pension information between our different citizens who would say go to work in Italy, pay into their pension system and need a record of what they'd paid into, sent back to the US and vice versa, if an Italian citizen came to the US to work. So there had been this long-standing practice of these information sharing agreements. So it's not very sexy to say that, but it is really just a reference book in that way. So from a practical standpoint, that was motivation number one. The second motivation was really more around when we got into a discussion with our European friends, it seemed to me as if we were doing this at year one, as if this was the first time anybody was trying to engage in information sharing. I found this to be especially true around the PNR agreement. And it was almost as if there was just an absence of any knowledge over the prior practice. So the book was also meant to kind of be a documentation of an established record that there has been a prior practice around these information sharing agreements. And so it was meant to put on the record what the US practice had been in sharing with our European friends and allies and other friendly countries around the world. So it established that. And one of the trends that I did notice in doing this is that information sharing had previously been very been kind of handled at a very subject matter or technical level without a lot of fanfare, without a lot of media attention to it. Again, I'll go back and use the example of the social security totalization agreements. They were very straightforward in the beginning. They had simple couple of clauses or a couple of sentences that would address that the two countries will mutually recognize each other's frameworks for privacy and information sharing. But after 9-11, these very simple mutual recognition clauses became much more complex and there was much more attention paid to them. And so the agreements for information sharing became much more detailed. And they were really following common principles that had been established in both the US and Europe around the fair information practice principles that had been documented in both the European Directive and the US Privacy Act and also in the OECD guidelines of 1980. So this book really is, as you see through the more modern agreements, follows the principles that are enumerated under the fair information practice principles. And I really do try to give examples at each stage of what, say, a purpose limitation principle would look like in an agreement. So again, it's a very practical kind of a guide but meant to really put on the record what our practice has been. And I would say also, as this started out back in the 70s, information sharing was much more technical. Now it's become extremely political. All you have to do is open the paper and just see the tensions that are going on that you can read about between the information sharing worlds in the US and EU has probably got the most press. And it's both in the cultural sector and also in the law enforcement sector as well. I think that might be enough just to sort of set up the premise of why I did this and I want to leave some plenty of time for discussion. So I'm going to pause here and really turn things over to Neil. And I want to say that I met Neil one summer when he was working at Homeland Security and I was still really leading on the international privacy work and he was very interested in it and I was extremely happy to have him as a willing assistant to help do research on the book later because he was willing to do it and interested. And so he's really been quite a resource. So I'll pause here and just say, Neil, why don't you comment on where you saw the book going and what you saw the book doing in the field of international privacy? I spent the majority of my career in private practice. So what I've thought a great deal about is how these international data sharing agreements impact private entities, NGOs, corporations. I'd like to give a couple examples of how that's really played out over the last few years in my experience. So we've talked about the passenger name record agreement. Other agreements also exist that facilitate the sharing of personal data, personal information between a private organization here being airlines over to the government. Another good example is the terrorist finance tracking program that allows the sharing of data from private organizations over to government. There are still many other instances where we don't have agreements in place and I think it's interesting to focus on those because it puts these private entities in an interesting conflict of laws scenario. So for example, we have a great culture of non-governmental organizations operating around the world, NGOs, to function they need to receive money essentially. They get the money from donors, from governments, from all kinds of sources. When they're given money from most organizations, including governments, there's a grant agreement that has stringent vetting clauses. They require to be able to check that the money is going where it's meant to. The US government has a particular interest in ensuring that it's not funding, say, terrorist activities or other activities that it would not think well of. Historically, most NGOs did this vetting internally, but over the last number of years due to a change in climate, several US government departments, agencies have begun to do vetting themselves, requesting that the NGOs hand over data of their key employees and their partner organizations when operating abroad. These organizations will be subject to their own local laws and by giving the data to the US, there's an interesting question of how does that exchange happen. When we look at the passenger name record agreement or the terrorist finance tracking program, there's a specific framework in place, but here the organizations have to decide am I going to risk being breached with my own local law without a government-to-government agreement framework being in existence or am I not going to take the money. It presents a lot of difficult issues and one of the things that we'll talk about today is when do we get to a point where the government decides we need to put in place this framework, we need to allow these entities to have legal certainty to be able to conduct operations. Another example, which I think is quite interesting is how personal data is transferred out of the European Union to the United States. Many of you may be familiar with the EU-US Safe Harbor Program. This is one of many data transfer mechanisms that can be used. In addition, you have EU model contracts, binding corporate rules, consent for very limited purposes, legal principles, several others. But what's interesting, I think many of you are aware the EU-US Safe Harbor Program has been under a lot of scrutiny the last couple years. There are questions about when information is provided over to the US authorities to law enforcement. But what's interesting is that the alternative, which is recommended by the European Commission and the European Parliament, is say, well, if we don't want to use Safe Harbor while that's being worked out, you should put in place a model contract. As compared to Safe Harbor, the data will transfer in either scenario. But under Safe Harbor, the private entities that are participating will be in compliance with their laws. And it's that some of the European authorities don't like the way that allows data to then be sent on to the government. In a model contract, it's the entities themselves may possibly be in breach of that model contract. The data will still go over to the authorities, but the difference being they're saying, if you decide to use this, then you'll be in breach and they can seek recourse against you. And I find this interesting because the data flows are still happening and there seems to be a preference in putting the private entities in breach of their contractual obligations rather than necessarily solving diplomatic channels. Which is what is currently being sought after is to find this resolution but at the same time, Safe Harbor is in the courts before the European Court of Justice and it's interesting which one will So these are some of the way I think about these issues and the things that I'm working on with this book. I'd now like to open up to questions. I'm going to ask John a few to get things going. So to begin with, John, when does the U.S. government decide that it's necessary to enter into a data sharing agreement? What are the catalysts? Well, it's really a wide spectrum of catalysts. You could say, you know, from a purely commercial standpoint, there would be a desire to enter into an agreement and an example of that would be the Safe Harbor agreement of 1990. I think somebody expressed interest in that as we went around the room. And that was really a recognition by U.S. companies that, you know, there is this 1995 European Data Protection Directive that put restrictions on information flowing out of the country. So that's what we call and really motivated the commercial world to enter into that agreement. Then at the other end of the scale would be law enforcement, our national security, counterterrorism concerns. Again, following 9-11, you had a number of laws that were passed by Congress, for example, that law that really changed, the visa waiver program. And it's a program that countries want to be qualified for because it is a very streamlined and expeditious way for your citizens to get visas to enter into the U.S. And Congress set some statutory requirements for countries to enter into the visa waiver program. And one of them was that the country entered into an information-sharing agreement around counterterrorism information. And so that was pushed by statute. But really there can be a wide mix of reasons to open up these agreements, form policy, as I said, commercial immigration considerations. Also, perhaps an assessment of whether or not the partner has an existing framework of privacy laws or has a respect for the rule of law. So there is sort of these additional extra considerations that go on. And I think they're only going to increase in the need to have more and more agreements in this area. I know that the T-TIP discussions with the European Union, the free trade negotiations that are underway, there's a big debate right now as to whether or not data protection will be an element of that particular agreement. It's still ongoing. Thank you. To follow up on that question, another thing that's quite interesting is in your experience, when the U.S. is negotiating these agreements, what are its key concerns? What are its must-haves in the agreement in order to be thought to walking away successful? Well, I think I'll speak to as a privacy voice in the room at the table on these negotiations, what I'm looking for as a privacy advocate is that there be an adherence to the fair information practice principles, which is what the U.S. framework is built around under the Privacy Act of 1974. But a lot of this is driven initially by the question as to what is the primary purpose of the agreement? Is the primary purpose of the agreement really centered around information sharing or is it centered around something else where personal information is somewhat secondary to the whole arrangement? And an example of that might be and I talked about this in the book somewhat, an example of that might be where you have SEC has engaged in a number of international agreements to do cross-border enforcement of security violations, security violations. Privacy there is not the highest priority to that agreement, so it might not get the full set of protections that you would normally see in say the PNR agreement where the principal purpose of the PNR agreement was to share personal information. So what we're looking for from a U.S. privacy standpoint is following the well-established fair information practice practice principles and the result being mutual recognition that the other country recognizes your privacy framework. Mutual recognition is now got a new a lot of people refer to it under a different nomenclature they call it interoperability but I'm using the old-fashioned term mutual recognition. Under the European framework they've kind of taken it as a one-way approach saying we will decide if you're adequate or not. Some people could say that that is a one-directional, it's no longer mutual recognition but it's one-way recognition. So I'll stop there. Anything you want to add, Neil? No, I think that was great. Just one last question. How have you seen the climate change after the Snowden revelations and trying to negotiate these agreements? Yeah, I mean I have my time in government service I left after the Snowden revelation so I've all just been watching it from the newspapers and the press. It has been interesting though, clearly the Snowden revelations have had an impact on safe harbor. There were I think 13 reforms that were presented by the European Union to the safe harbor arrangements that were a result of were post-Snowden and of those I think at least three were national security issues about how is that information shared with law enforcement, how is it shared with your intelligence services and that the European Union has asked that the U.S. side, that is the Department of Commerce address these national security concerns. That's a very tough issue because the safe harbor agreement is really, it isn't a commercial channel and it really both the Department of Commerce and the European Union side the DPAs it's outside their areas of what they call competence in the European Union or outside of the Department of Commerce is jurisdiction. So those are difficult questions to address and how they will address them remains to be seen. I know that there is the case before the European Court of Justice that is expected to come out. I think the Advocate General's opinion is going to come out next month, June 24 which will maybe be an indicator as to how the European Union views the post-Snowden world as it impacts the safe harbor. The other thing I would say is the way post-Snowden has affected these negotiations is I mentioned at the top of the presentation there has been an ongoing negotiation for law enforcement sharing between the U.S. and the EU. Most recently Congressman Sensenbrenner has introduced a bill in the House that would actually give non-U.S. persons rights of judicial redress in U.S. courts under certain circumstances under the Privacy Act which as the Privacy Act is written now basically allows judicial redress only for U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents. That is something that you could say was a direct influence by post-Snowden and in fact the Chamber of Commerce and a long list of other tech companies have come out in support of that legislation. That is certainly all because I think the post-Snowden revelations and in the last area not so much around agreements but it does affect the cloud area. I think somebody expressed interest in cloud storage and the Snowden issue has been used by a lot of European companies to say we want to localize our clouds now because we can't trust you all on the other side of the Atlantic because of what's going on over there. Definitely lots of impacts. One thing I might add to that there's been an interesting fallout on private companies that are active elsewhere in the world particularly in the EU. One of the data transfer mechanisms I mentioned a moment ago Binding Corporate Rules is really considered the gold seal of data transfer arrangements not too many entities have it maybe 50 worldwide. Those that do it's not just a means of legal compliance but it's supposed to attest to that organization's ability to be a good data privacy citizen. I've worked on these Binding Corporate Rules for several organizations and after Snowden revelations it instantly became much more difficult to get approvals for American companies. I have had local governments of data protection authorities approve Binding Corporate Rules in member states only to have the political arm of the government and the Ministry of Justice to what should have been a rubber stamp seal of approval hold up the process and turn it into a political engagement and ask us to really lobby behind the scenes and this was just before unprecedented. The interesting thing is these are organizations which are trying to be good data privacy citizens that want to be compliant with the law but they're essentially being frustrated due to what's happened. So this time to open up the floor to any questions you might have we have a microphone that we don't need to use and we'll put it back. Please. I am a former law enforcement officer from United States Customs and Border Protection Agency and Homeland Security and I did handle PNRs a lot and as a federal officer we were I always came under strict strict scrutiny when I handled those documentation any flights coming to the United States entering U.S. space to three out before the flight entered in the United States space we were given that documentation not before that. Any other information well the documentation at that time between 2003 and 2007 it came on paper I don't know how it's happening now and then you know we would use the PA I was part of the intelligence unit and also we were part of the enforcement team and I don't know what happened after that we would give it to our supervisors after we used it and then what it called as far as I work also the seaport anything any commas that came into the United States for LQE landed quantity verification they had to comply with CTPAT customs partnership against terrorism there's a certain scope there because you have to meet the ACS and EES automated export system automated custom selectivity is a criteria for passengers entering the United States you got to meet the attack for people coming from what it called visa waiver countries you got to NTC national targeting center in Langley whatever they called whatever their base they would get a descramble information about you know potential candidates I would call them and then if there was anything given to us it would come to us through the attack system terrorist affiliated country system and then we would process it from there but everything at that time was extremely extremely as a federal officer all this came under scrutiny like making sure the information never really went out to anybody else so even if I saw something I would just I didn't see two minutes later I said I forgot so it is like it came under strict scrutiny probably it is really advanced now and just to add to that that's a very good point from being on the ground with actually using that data under the under the different agreements in our agreements it's worth noting that not only does the privacy office for Homeland Security do oversight but once a year we would have a delegation come over from the European Union and we would have at least a two to three day review where they would come out and actually go do site visits to go to CBP and see their operations and they would do a review of the entire process to satisfy themselves under the agreement that we were following how PNR was being handled so that's just to give you a level of scrutiny that goes on with some of these arrangements with the U.S. government I know in a different arrangement with the Department of Treasury I believe it was the the terrorist financing information sharing arrangement they actually have a the way the agreement is worded is an eminent European expert is to come over and do the review so it's almost even a higher level of of I wouldn't say a higher level of intrusion you would say maybe from a foreign government actually to come in and sit and make a determination as to whether the agreement is operating properly or not so one of the new features as I mentioned there was a simple set of sentences that would have mutual recognition pronounced in the agreement we've gotten now to the point where there is regular oversight annual oversight by the foreign government participating in the agreement to do a review great other questions comments so John mentioned Sensenbrenner's bill that would extend protection to non-residents of the U.S. over data and you said the IP and tech industry was in favor of that and that surprised me a little bit because I would assume that why do you want to increase your liability if you can avoid it I was wondering if you could expand upon the thinking there a little bit sure and again I say this as I'm now I guess retired but I'm an interested sideline observer because I live through so much of that so I am very interested all of those things the Sensenbrenner bill I've looked it over once and it isn't as the way the media reported it is it was just to give European Union citizens only rights of judicial redress and if that was truly the case that would be highly discriminatory against the rest of the world however if you read the bill it actually says that a determination will be made on a country by country basis as to whether their citizens may have the rights of judicial redress but the more interesting point is the one that you raise which is why would this group of companies and you can go online I think and look at the department of the Chamber of Commerce has a copy of the letter online but all the big companies Google, Microsoft Facebook all the ones that the EU loves to kind of love to go after signed on to this letter and if you think about it it really is no skin off of their nose because what they're asking for is that the US government amend the Privacy Act of 1974 it doesn't apply to companies it applies to the US government so no one is going to be making a claim against Google or Facebook under this amendment it's going to be the burden of the US government to take that on now way back when the when the Privacy Act was drafted there was some OMB guidance that said when you get into these mixed systems where you've got US citizens and non US citizens if you can try to treat it as if everybody has Privacy Act rights but at DHS the way we solve that is we come up with a policy and we said if you're not a US citizen we'll give you administrative rights but you can't go into court only Congress can change the law on that so I have no idea what the likelihood is of the bill passing because I don't know what the constituency really holds for this I mean if these companies are serious how hard are they going to lobby I don't know and I know former Secretary he would commit to go to Congress to push for this added right I don't know what the new Attorney General's position is on this but I hope that answers your question it makes a lot of sense I would also like to add as far as organizations deciding to differentiate how they're going to treat individuals and how they're going to comply with law as they structure their business this has been something that's been around for quite some time as any multinational organization will be subject to different requirements each jurisdiction if you go on to their websites and you read their privacy policy and try to get a deeper dive into how they're structuring their privacy you'll see that some of these organizations try to thread the needle and afford rights and protections based on where you're located or their data is located but a lot of other organizations they have a concern people might go on they'll see this and we don't want the public to perceive us as only giving certain rights to say people need you and not for them to Americans one of these areas where it becomes very clear is the topic of data subject rights the right to request a copy of your data to correct it, delete it to block it and many times we'll see privacy policy will say if you're a citizen of the European Union or if you're a resident in the EU, if your data is in the EU they'll try to carve it out but in ever increasing rate that's not happening and a good example is if you look at Facebook you can now go on to Facebook it doesn't matter where you are you can pull off a copy of your data it's really stemming from an obligation under European law but it's open to Americans, people in South America people in Russia, anywhere you are they're extending this right and I think this is a reflection of the globalization of privacy a very oddly silent Birkin crowd I'd like to say I'll mention just I really I'm interested in watching to see whether a global privacy framework will emerge or not I mean you sort of have I mean very very roughly you have the European model which really is an omnibus approach where data protection is a fundamental human right then you have the US model which is a much more sectoral approach I mean it's all depending on what type of data is and what sector you're in you're going to have a different you may have a different law that applies and then you have the rest of the world which is kind of deciding where they want to go, do they want to blend of both, do they want to go with the European approach or still wait and watch and I'm I'm an optimist and I'm confident that this can be worked out eventually we seem to be able to work out global standards in other areas of international commerce and standards so I should privacy not be able to work out a global arrangement of some type I know the UN is actually there has been calls in the United Nations to come up address a convention around this whether that will happen I don't know but to me it's just it's indicating that there is more and more interest in trying to find a global framework What effect would the proposed Trans-Pacific Treaty have on privacy either here or in the other countries that sign it I'm sorry the transmission was broken there I just heard Pacific Treaty could you repeat the question was how do you view the Trans-Pacific trade agreement impacting privacy and what might come out of that yeah that's a good question I wish I had followed that closer I don't know I really don't know to the extent that privacy has been the focus of any prolonged negotiation there I mean I think that the Europeans are watching are watching what happens with the Trans-Pacific agreement to see you know it will that set any kind of a precedent for what happens with their agreement but I I just haven't heard of privacy being a big focus with the Pacific Agreement we could add that in the Trans-Atlantic Agreement many Europeans have called for privacy to actually it's quite split some call for privacy to be taken off the table someone to be put on the table and I guess the main obstacle is that much of trade negotiations are behind closed doors and what we see is really a brief summary into what is going on so transparency is definitely an issue I will add to that that I mean within APEC there is a privacy framework from 2005 that basically follows the Fair Information Practice principles with one additional principle and that is a principle of harm that harm really has to be part of any showing of in a privacy framework and within APEC they have been developing basically a cross-border privacy regime I think they call it CBPR and it's really looking to try to say that any country that signs on to these principles under the APEC privacy framework and can demonstrate that they have a privacy enforcement authority part of this regime it's still very early going the U.S. has signed up I believe Mexico and Japan have expressed some interest and possibly Canada so APEC will certainly have a lot of trade clout and may have some influence on the Pacific negotiations and while I mean talking and people have questions and it's outside of the area of agreements but it's I think another interesting area to watch is the right to be forgotten which was the Google case that came out of Spain and there are questions right now as to you know some in Europe want to see that that right to be forgotten applied to the world and Google is maintaining well they will adhere to the European Court of Justice opinion within the European Union but they're not going to apply it worldwide and so again this is a bigger global question and it's an intersection between privacy and international law and where that comes out and to further on the topic right to be forgotten it really is a good case study of the globalization of privacy and how countries are working together so in the EU itself the European Commission has called for a harmonization of criteria as to how they evaluate right to be forgotten cases but what we're seeing is each member state as they go and try their own cases and with the DPA they're not all the same and so you have member states sovereign countries trying to have a measure of autonomy and how they're going to be decided yet the EU at the top saying we want to bring under one regime and it creates this conflict another example on this topic many have may have seen that Facebook was recently in trouble with the Belgian Data Protection Authority the way European Data Privacy Law is structured by the EU basically for Facebook it goes to Ireland I'll save you the long legal explanation but by establishing the EU it goes to one member state with privacy because it tends to be something that can be very important to people very important to governments you'll see that countries will sometimes try to assert jurisdiction where it's questionable and as privacy is further globalized it's quite difficult even where you have an international framework in place to ensure that all the actors including the governments are going to really toe the line as they say any other questions or comments we often talk about the internet here as being based upon giving away our personal information that they say if something is free then you're the product and yet this seems like it could fly in the face in particular of European notions of privacy and data protection and so I'm curious about where we're going to come down are we going to see the Europeans at least in a business to business environment allow for more readily third party data sharing cloud storage everything else or is Facebook going to have to do what the Belgians want to do and do it around the rest of the world as you were suggesting they're doing with some of their privacy policies big question I'm sorry John would you like to take a I'll just make some observations probably not well thought out but I noticed companies like Facebook and Google are building very large server farms in Europe so I think that they recognize that there's going to be some localization coming their way I think that's the direction that the European Union is looking to reform their data protection directive into a regulation and in many ways it's going to be it's going to have some major controls around around the internet and around localization so I think that's why some of these big companies are doing what they're doing the most extreme example which is not EU but just to put it out there to illustrate the point is Russia has a very draconian law that is about to go into effect which really requires that the data can't leave Russia it has to stay in Russia and that is an extreme example of localization I think you're right it runs counter to the idea of a cloud a cloud is supposed to be efficient and borderless and the European Union they've been very direct about saying look we need time for some of our companies to catch up so in some ways this is almost a protective measure but again my personal observations only I would also just add to that there really is not enough case law in this area yet and when you see reports that came out of Belgium and other reports from different governments around the world a lot of this is the regulator making a statement and an opinion going through the courts quite often when it does it comes out differently regulators are known to be a bit more aggressive you can take a lot of liberties when inserting jurisdiction in a opinion or report then you might be able to take and say in front of a court and so there's definitely a difference between what we see in case law and to what we see maybe coming out of the commission or a member state case or anywhere else in the world the gentleman had a question this idea of setting up data centers in the does the physical location actually matter if the company is an American company that's a debate I've heard a number of times in the you for what purpose well when it comes to deciding whether certain data is to be handed over to us authorities well I was going to say for example I mean that was that was a big issue in the Google case you know Google the Spain is I mean Spain asserted jurisdiction over Google because it was on the basis actually of advertising that they were able to claim jurisdiction over the American Google headquarters so I think companies are recognizing that you know they're going to come under the jurisdiction of Europe so they may have to actually put themselves in a position where they are local in case they're going to be these restrictions on moving the data out and in regards to the cloud providers what you'll see if you get into the agreements is that most of the big cloud providers will now allow you to either designate the country or region of storage that's intended to allow companies to better comply with their own local laws so you don't have to necessarily address data transfer obligations if the data isn't leaving that country I guess the question then becomes if you have an organization with storing data wholly so if you have say Microsoft you have Microsoft Azure you're a customer in Europe and you select a member stay in Europe to store your data for but you're say maybe running this through the US as the client but for your European customers you're allowed to stay there does the US courts have authority to issue a subpoena to Microsoft to get the data on behalf of this American company which being sort exclusively in Europe that I think we're still waiting to see it come out and it'll be interesting to find out what happens any other last questions or comments we have a couple more minutes what did you guys have for lunch this you know data centers being set up in Europe and if the data cannot leave in the European countries to come to the IRC that means you know I've been studying servers the last couple of years and there's something called as Active Directory and inside Active Directory of the GPO Global Policy Objects Group Policy Objects the Group Policy Objects is a US company it will be controlled by somebody in the United States so they will decide whether they can pull up the data through cloud and bring it to the United States so how is that how is that how is that jurisdiction going to work because the US company you call the shots in the United States and I'll go inside and I'll open up open up GPO I'll go to Active Directory, GPO, bank I'll transfer everything down here from the server that's found in Europe fragile cloud bring it to the United States nobody exceeds that and that's what Microsoft has created because I'm MCSS certified so that's what I've learned there's no doubt that they can technically because you know you can keep your servers anywhere as long as you have the if you have Microsoft Windows Server 2012 out to sitting on it that's the best to honest it they've created at least thousands and thousands of VMs on them and put everything up in the cloud and start manipulating your GPOs and Active Directory nobody will know unless somebody in NSN knows about it so I think on that note we'll conclude for the day I have a couple copies of the book with me up at the front if you want to take a look they're available on the American Bar Association's website and to the Berkman Center being hosting us today and hosting this past year as a research fellow so thank you very much to Berkman and David we'll do that after but John any closing comments no I just appreciate everyone showing up on their lunch hour and I hope you found the discussion useful and I would just say watch this space privacy and international developments are going to continue to be interesting to watch and I think that the dialogue is just getting started so keep watching and thanks again for your hospitality


All right, so then you got the bonafide residence of Puerto Rico. So somewhat of a special situation, bonafide residence of Puerto Rico. So in 2022, if you were born, if you were a bonafide resident of Puerto Rico, you may be eligible to claim the ACTC additional child tax credit. If you had at least one qualifying child, you can claim the ACTC additional child tax credit in part two of form 1040 SS US self-employment tax return, including additional child tax credit for bonafide residence of Puerto Rico. Instead of form 1040 or 1040 SR in schedule 8812, if you aren't required to file form 1040 or 1040 SR to determine your ACTC additional child tax credit on schedule 8812, complete part 2A and 2B as follows. Online 18A include only earned income. You reported on form 1040 or 1040 SR don't include income earned in Puerto Rico, which you exclude from US tax as a bonafide resident of Puerto Rico. Online 21 include all your withheld social security, Medicare and additional Medicare taxes, including those taxes withheld by Puerto Rican employers that are shown on Puerto Rico forms 499 R-2 W2PR. All right, generally, generally, you were a bonafide resident of Puerto Rico. If during 2022 you met the President's test, did not have a tax home outside Puerto Rico and did not have a closer connection to the United States or to a foreign country than you have to Puerto Rico. For more instructions on bonafide resident status, you can see publication 570, you can find the IRS website, tax guide for individuals with income from US possessions. All right, line 15, check this box if you do not want to claim the additional child tax credit. So if you check this box, skip parts 2A and 2B and enter zero online 27. So in other words, we're thinking about the additional child tax credit now. So when we think about the child tax credit, the general process is going to be here. We have a dependent. Do they qualify first for the child tax credit? If not, can I get the other dependent credit? If they qualify for the child tax credit, great. But then what if I don't have the income to claim the child tax credit and I have to dip into the refundable portion, the additional child tax credit, you may be able to opt out of taking the additional child tax credit if you basically wanted to, you would think that that would not normally be the thing that you would want to do unless there's some rational reason for doing that. So line 18A, if you have net earnings from self-employment and you use either optional method to figure those net earnings, use the earned income worksheet later to figure the amount to enter online 18A. Otherwise, all other taxpayers can use the earned income chart later to figure amount to enter online 18A, line 18B, enter your line 18B, the total amount of non-taxable combat pay that you and your spouse if filing jointly received in 2022, this amount will be reported either online one I of form 1040 or 1040 SR or should be shown in form W2, box 12 with code Q. Part 2B, certain filers who have three or more qualifying children and bona fide residents of Puerto Rico. Line 21, so if you are completing part 2B and your employer withheld or you paid additional Medicare tax or tier one RRTA tax, use the additional Medicare tax and RRTA tax worksheet later to figure the amount to enter online 21. All right, so we'll go into some tax software examples fairly shortly so we can basically look at these forms in more detail and see how we might basically put these in practice. Note obviously that when you're communicating with people then you're not going to have like the line by line breakout in your head but you want to be unless you are have quite imaginative detailed thought process but you want to have the general rules in your mind so that you can communicate with people and so that you can project make projections into the future what you think is going to happen for tax planning purposes and then when you do the tax salt returns usually tax software is quite useful to help break out some more of this information down and then you can double check it by deconstructing it seeing what the tax software did and recalculating it to see if it's properly inputting the way it should be inputting according to the more specific rules.


An engineer scale can be used to estimate straight line distances on a topo map. To do this, first determine map scale using the scale bar or representative fraction printed on the map. For this example, the map scale is 1 to 24,000, which means that 1 inch on the map represents 24,000 inches on the ground. To determine feet, divide 24,000 by 12 inches per foot. So in this case, 1 inch on the map is equal to 2,000 feet on the ground. Knowing that, we can then determine which side of the scale we should use to make our distance measurements. Because 1 inch equals 2,000 feet on this map, we can use the 20 side of the engineer scale to make distance measurements. Each tick mark will represent 100 feet, making the number 1 on the scale equal 1,000 feet and the number 2 equal 2,000 feet. To determine the straight line distance, place the 0 mark on your starting point and line up the scale to your desired end point. Then count the tick marks between the two points. In this example, the starting point is the Dixie Lookout Tower and our end point is a small structure at the end of an unimproved road. When we count the tick marks between the two points, we see we have 67 tick marks. Remembering that each tick mark is equal to 100 feet, we multiply the number of tick marks by 100, or 67 times 100 equals 6,700 feet. To determine distance in miles, divide the number of feet by 5,280 feet in a mile. So the straight line distance in miles between the two points is 6,700 divided by 5,280 feet in a mile equals 1.26 miles.


Hi guys, what is up? Welcome to my channel. Let's take a moment, step away from the news and let's talk about makeup, something fun, a great distraction.  So if you are interested in seeing that then just keep watching. Nude lipsticks. One of the most key things for nude lipsticks is the lip liners that you are using. So before I get started, I do want to share with you my favorite nude lip liners that I like to pair with my nude lipsticks. Lip liners can completely change the look of your nude lipstick. If you don't wear a lip liner under your nude lipstick, a lot of times it can make your lips disappear, make you look sick. It just makes a good lipstick look not good on you. So the lip liner that you use is just as important as the lipstick that you put on top. I picked out my top four of the ones that I typically grab for different purposes just to share with you guys. The first one I want to talk about is the one that I use for every single lipstick for the demo just to keep everything consistent and fair. But this is one of my favorite universal lip liners and this is from Alomar Cosmetics and this is a lip liner in the shade Dulce. Now this is a really beautiful lip liner you guys. Here is the color. It is a very neutral kind of taupe color and it works great as a contour shade for your lips. I enjoy this for almost all of my nude lipsticks which is why I chose to use this under all today but it really adds some contour and definition to your lips and it pairs so well with many different nude lipsticks. If you are of a deeper complexion I would recommend you look into their deeper shade which is Coquetta. She has a beautiful formula. It's extremely smooth and comfortable on the lips. You can sharpen them. I love a lip liner that can be sharpened and it's just overall a really great universal color. This is probably my most used nude lip liner. I also love the Pat McGrath lip liner in contour. It's basically the same shade as this. The Pat McGrath one is a little bit more expensive so if you're looking for something a little bit more affordable I would recommend Alomar's but the Pat McGrath is also a really fabulous formula and contour like I said is like this color right here. It's just I use it so much that it's somewhere in my purse but this one is very very good. Speaking of Pat McGrath I do have another color that I love to wear with nudes. This one I wear with more pinky types of nudes and this is done undone. This is kind of a really great everyday lip liner and you'll see compared to Dulce it is much more pink so that's Dulce. Here is done undone. So if you're looking for a lip liner that extends the color of your lips so you can actually make your lips look bigger because this is the same color as my lip color. So I love this one I'm going for a light pinky nude lip because I'll use this to kind of add a little bit of definition and then I'll go in with a lighter color in the center to really expand the shape and the size of my lips. So done undone by Pat McGrath for pinky nudes. If you're looking for an affordable option I recommend you look into Colourpop lip liners. They have a whole range so I would go online and take a look but the one that I've been loving and this one is a bit more of a peachy light nude. This is the shade BFF. This is the third color over here so as you can see it's more peachy then done undone and Dulce and I love this for an everyday nude lip. This again goes with a lot of lip colors and it's very affordable. So if you're looking for a nice affordable lip liner look into Colourpop. They have some great options and then the last one this is probably one of my most used lip liners. I love how versatile it is because it's the Esum dual sided lip pencil. I like this because it's dual sided and this is in the nude shade. The nude shade is perfect for nudes. They have other colors as well. I'm going to show you the colors. So you have a lighter side and then a darker side. I like these a lot because they're so soft you can blend them out to really create an ombre lip. So here's the lighter color. It's a bit more orangey-topy compared to Dulce and then here is the darker color which is a beautiful chocolate color. I love it. This is a really fabulous formula. It's very easy to work with and I recommend this because depending on what kind of nude look you're going for you can use a lighter side if you want a lighter nude lip or you can use a darker side if you want a darker nude lip. So for today I actually used the darker side on the outsides of my lips and I used a brush to blend it out and you'll see how easy it is to kind of blend that color and then on top I'm wearing a one of my nude lipsticks to lighten that up. So these are the four lip liners that I go to the most for nude lipsticks. So just kind of depending on what vibe you're going for what type of nude lip you want would depend on what lip liner you would like to use but these are my favorite. Highly recommend. So now let's get into the good stuff. We're gonna start talking about the actual lipstick. So the first lipstick I have to share is probably the nude lipstick that I've loved for the longest. This color kind of introduced me to nude lips to be honest and this is the Bobby Brown Art Stick. First of all I love these. I've had this one for a long time so I actually need to declutter this because I need to buy a fresh one but I will absolutely be buying a fresh one because this is amazing. This is the perfect brown peach nude. It is the top color that I have right here on my hand. This is my ideal nude color. It's the first color that I ever owned that was nude and really made me love nude lips and I love the formula of these especially because it is a pencil form so this actually is kind of like a giant lip liner so it stays put without being too drying. It is a bit drying because it is kind of a more pencil formula but let me tell you this is a beautiful nude. It's really great to keep in your purse because you can just throw it on. It's gonna last you a long time and this is an OG nude lipstick for me. I highly recommend it. It's one of my faves obviously. All of these are all of my faves but this as far as just everyday going with a lot of different looks this is what I go for. The next lipstick that I have is very different from the one that I just showed you but this is from Mark Jacobs and this is the Sugar Sugar lipstick. Now this is in a frost finish which I don't necessarily love but it does add something extra to the lips. This is what I like to wear when I want a pretty blank nude lip so it has a bit of a peachy undertone but against my skin tone it's very very nude so this can't be worn alone. I have to use a lip pencil. I look very good with dulce underneath it but this is a really great center of the lip topper as well so whatever lipstick you're wearing just kind of pop this in the center and it really amps up your lip look kind of brightens everything. I love this for layering by itself. Very unique because it is a frost finish. This is a nude lip that I go for when I want that really striking nude nude lip. I love this. The next one that I have is from Becca and this is in the shade sugar. First of all if you haven't tried the Becca lipstick formulas they are amongst my favorite. They're extremely smooth and comfortable. They have a really great selection of colors and they have that like shiny finish on the lips so it's kind of like a hybrid of a lipstick and a lip gloss. Leaning more towards lipstick but they have a shine to them. This is a beautiful kind of cool pink that we have here but what I love about this shade is how versatile it is. This is a nude that goes with so many different eye looks. It's always going to look good. It is quite nude. It's a very light shade. The cool undertone in here is actually very flattering for a lot of different looks so if you're looking for a nice cool light pink nude lip this is the way to go and also one of the best formulas as well. I love sugar. Next up we have a lipstick from Hourglass. Now first of all one of the things that most attracts me to this lipstick is the packaging is extremely thin. Now it is overpriced compared to the value but beautiful formula and I really like how it's so thin because I got small lips. So if you have small lips you're going to love how much control you have with this. This is in the shade I'll never stop. This was the first color that I got from this formula and it's a little bit more of a peachy brown compared to the others but this is a great everyday nude lip that you can just throw on. It goes with whatever makeup look that you're wearing and I just love tones like this for every day and this is just a comfortable nude that's going to look good on a lot of skin tones. You don't have to really play around too much to get it to work or to get it to match your makeup look so everyday nude I love this. I'll never stop from Hourglass. The next one that we have is from Too Faced and I have loved this line of lipsticks for a very long time and this is in the shade Nipslip. Very cute packaging first of all and Nipslip is probably the most brown based nude that I chose for this video. So as you can see compared to the others it definitely has a warm brown base to it but this one I like because it's a little bit deeper so you don't need to play too much with lip liners or have to worry too much about it washing out your face. This adds color to your face while so keeping the look nude.  Because it's more brown based I wouldn't say it brightens up your face but it does add color and it makes you look more like mysterious. I don't know it adds a cool vibe to your makeup look and it's just one of my favorite go-to nudes. Too Faced did a very good job with this formula. I hate the shape of the bullet because it's just so like flat and hard to really add definition but beautiful lipstick. So if you are familiar with my channel at all you would know the Natasha Denona I Need A Nude lipstick line was one of the best lipstick lines ever released. She released the most beautiful colors some very unique nude shades and with a very smooth and creamy formula. They're almost too creamy to a point where you don't want to keep the lipsticks in warm temperatures but the formula is so comfortable on the lips and her range of colors are beautiful. So my top two favorite I picked out two from that line. The first one is Beatrice. Now this is a nude pink kind of color so if you are looking for a light coutoned nude pink I recommend Beatrice. That would be this shade right here. So as you can see compared to the others it's a bit of a deeper pink nude compared to the others but it actually is very light on my face so I do need a lip liner underneath. I think sometimes the lipsticks and bullets can be a bit deceiving because you don't think it's actually going to be so light against your skin tone but once you put them on you're like okay I kind of erased my lips so this does need a lip liner but it's one of my favorite pink-based nudes. The next one that I picked out is Natasha. Now I am sickly obsessed with this lipstick especially when I do a really bold makeup look. This is the nude that you need. As you can see look how different it is compared to Beatrice. So it's much more peachy it's much more neutral toned. It's so good.  Specifically I find that it really flatters cool toned kind of looks like blues or silver. This really compliments them and it's just a beautiful kind of erasure lips but your lips are still there nude. I love it. As far as bold makeup goes this is my favorite nude ever. Now my all-time favorite lipstick formula or lipstick line has to go to Charlotte Tilbury. I picked out my top two nude lipsticks from Charlotte Tilbury and the second I put these two on my lips it was the game over. These are my two most used lipsticks in my entire lipstick collection. It's always either this one or this one. So the first one that we have is a nude Kate. So this is the lighter of the two and nude Kate does remind me a lot of Natasha as you can see it's just a little bit more deep a little bit more warm but this is what I go to when I want a lighter nude.  I will pick one of these two so if I want a lighter nude lip I will use nude Kate. Nude Kate by the way looks beautiful with a deep brown lip liner and this on top to really brighten up and emphasize the lip. I love nude Kate so if you're looking for a brighter lipstick go for nude Kate. It is Charlotte Tilbury's kissing formula so it has a shine to it so it's extremely comfortable to the lips and makes them look more plump and youthful. So the next one that I have this is my absolute favorite lipstick in my entire collection. The most used the one that I wear for every day it is my absolute favorite everyday nude and that is Hepburn Honey which is what I have on my lips right now. It's a deeper shade compared to nude Kate and it's just the perfect everyday nude lipstick. It looks so good on me. This is the lipstick I wear to events. I wear it to interviews anything I want to look good for or have good luck with. This is the lipstick that I use I love I adore and right now I paired this with the Esum nude lip liner I use the darker side I blended that and this is the lipstick that I put on top and I mean it's a versatile nude it's great it's the kissing formula again which is extremely comfortable on the lips so I love this one. I also wanted to provide you guys with a more affordable option so I chose my favorite pink nude from Morphe so this is actually liquid lipstick I'm not too big on the Morphe liquid lipstick formula but I truly do love this color and this is my kind of go-to pinky nude lipstick it's the deepest pink nude that I have in this video and I really love it now with the Morphe formula apply as light of a layer as you can you're going to get a beautiful pink nude and then put a gloss on top and you're good to go and you have nothing to worry about so that's the only thing with this I don't recommend wearing this alone because I hate liquid lipsticks but once you can pop a good gloss on you're good to go and this is a beautiful pink nude and it's affordable because looking at what I showed you guys they're a bit pricey so here is the affordable option that I chose also flower beauty has a very beautiful nude lipsticks as well with a beautiful formula so that's another brand that I would look into but speaking of glossy lips I did want to quickly share with you my favorite nude lip gloss to pop on top and I love Pat McGrath lip gloss and dare to bear it's a very light peach shade but the formula looks so good as well it kind of mutes out your lips fills in all of the wrinkles that you have on your lips it's so comfortable and it just makes your lips look more luscious this lip gloss shade goes with every kind of nude truly and it just adds the extra oomph to your lips that they need I love this lip gloss for nude lips so anyways that is all I have for today's video those are my top picks for my favorite nude lipsticks if you have any that I missed out that I need to try make sure you comment down below I'm always on the hunt for a bomb nude lip I mean who isn't you know so hopefully if you have been on the hunt this video helps you out because truly they are some really awesome options so that is all I have for today's video if you aren't subscribed to my channel yet I hope you guys take the time to do so and I will see you guys in the next video bye guys have a good one


Hi, I'm Rusty Komori and this is Beyond the Lines. We broadcast live on Mondays from the beautiful Think Tech Hawaii TV studio in the Pioneer Plaza in downtown Honolulu. This show is based on my book which is also titled Beyond the Lines and it's about creating a superior culture of excellence, leadership, achieving greater success and sustaining that greater success and finding greatness. Today's special guest is Juliette Leiter. She is a former Miss Hawaii USA, a survivor of domestic violence and founder of the Women Speaking Out Hawaii organization which strives to implement strategic preventative initiatives for young women in middle school through college. And today we are going beyond domestic violence. Juliette. Hello. Thank you for being here Juliette. Thank you so much for having me, I'm so excited to be here. I'm excited to have you. You know I'm a big fan of yours, right? Thank you. Thank you. You like the book and the TV shows? Absolutely. You do such a great job. I knew I needed to live up to this certain standard today but thank you for having me. Well, I'm excited to have you here and I want to know Juliette, your history. Can you share your background with me? Of course. Only child, I was raised by a single parent, which was my dad, one of the most amazing men I know. I grew up in Pearl City but also in Kaneohe so I'd spent a lot of time in Pearl City with my grandparents, ended up graduating from Pearl City High School and was involved in multiple activities. I was always one of those kids that I needed to be involved so senior class president and different clubs. But it was a great childhood but single child, only child. So did you do any other activities in high school besides being senior class president? I was involved in a lot of the community clubs. I did some cheerleading here and there, Pop Warner and then once I got to high school I wanted to do track and just didn't work out. I was, you know, I'm an Aquarius, I'm all about saving the world so I thought, okay, getting involved in student government is probably my best way to go and that was kind of my thing in high school was being involved in all the different activities. I like it.  Yes, so I got my undergraduate and public relations from Hawaii Pacific University and I was able to go back through a scholarship and get my masters in communications. Great.  Oh, that's such a funny story. So going way back, my first job was in retail at Tonning Country in Wynward Mall. I grew up surfing. My dad's an avid surfer, an amazing surfer. So it only made sense for me to work at a surf shop so I can get a discount and surf boards and bathing suits and different things. So it was my first job. Very grateful for that job. Perfect.  You know what I say, that's funny. When I decided to run in the pageant, my dad asked me the same question. Why are you running in a pageant? Again, growing up as a tomboy. I really, it was an opportunity for me to get scholarship, again, being raised by a single parent. You know, Hawaii is very expensive and I wanted to ease that stress on my dad, so I decided to run for Miss Hawaii USA. Now, did you enter any other pageants before winning Miss Hawaii USA? I did. So I entered the Miss Hawaii America system and in fact, that was a year that one of my dear friends, Angela Barocchio became Miss America. And it's such a great system. It teaches you a lot of life skills. I learned how to interview. What I realized was talent is not my thing. That year I sang. I'm not a singer and Angela and all the girls that I competed with back then, we joke about it, but it really led me to the opportunity of running in Miss Hawaii USA the next year and winning. So, not a singer, but I tried it. So what did you learn about yourself through the pageants? First thing I learned is I can't walk in heels.  But you know, looking on the bright side, what it taught me is that I can do anything. If I set a goal for myself and I work hard and I consistently put in the time that anything is possible. And now you're a coach of many of the pageant girls and you work closely with one of your best friends, Amber Stone. Can you tell me about the relationship that you two have together? Oh, absolutely. She's really one of the most dynamic, phenomenal, intelligent, charismatic women that I know. And she had approached me two years ago. She was going to be running a prelim for Miss Hawaii USA and was like, I want to do this great opportunity and I want to do it with you. You've had a very successful track record, being able to be a part of the coaching team when Chelsea Hardin won Miss Hawaii USA and was first runner-up at Miss USA. And it just seemed like a perfect fit, though we see, we share a lot of the same ideas and perspectives. We're also very different and that's what makes us work. We always say we balance each other out. Seems like between both of you, you cover the full spectrum of what anybody would need. Oh, absolutely. And before Tay and she knows this, I really love working with the girls on stage, stage presence and walking and the on-stage question. And she's amazing at getting the girls ready for interview and really diving into their bios. And we also have an amazing team that supports us for our preliminary pageant and other coaches that we bring in that we absolutely love and admire. So we've been very successful and I'm super grateful for that. Now you, Juliet, you've been a coach for the current Miss Hawaii USA Julie Chu and last year's Miss Hawaii USA 2017 Julie Kuo. And like you mentioned earlier, you were a part of the team with Chelsea Hardin who became first runner-up at the Miss USA. What do you focus on in your coaching of these girls? I think for me, because I'm a very hard person, initially I'd like to meet up with the girls before I start coaching them and sit down and have a conversation, see what their goals are, their aspirations and really why are they running in this pageant. As a former Miss Hawaii USA, it's really a legacy. So I take pride in being a Miss Hawaii USA. Once you're Miss Hawaii USA, you're always a Miss Hawaii USA. And what I'd like to do is bring out the best in them. We all have our weaknesses and we have our strengths. So for me, it's about building their strengths as well as building their weaknesses and helping to see that anything is possible. A lot of these girls, Chelsea, Hardin, Julie Kuo, they never ran in a pageant, never modeled. So for them, just seeing them transform and going from this young woman and then becoming Miss Hawaii USA is such a huge gift for me. And I'm grateful I was able to be a part of that process. Yeah. And so obviously there are certain challenges that these girls have and they want that they need your help with. What are some of the challenges, some of the common ones that you deal with in helping them? I think the biggest challenge is self-esteem and having that love and really realizing that they're capable of being up on stage in front of hundreds, sometimes thousands of people. And also the interview process, what's really nice about pageants and a lot of people don't know is it really teaches girls about themselves. It allows them to go through this journey of self growth and really realize what they want. Why are they running in this pageant? How are they going to impact their community? And I think that is such a great thing. I think every woman or young girl should run in a pageant because it just teaches you a lot of life skills. It's not about winning the crown. I always tell the girls the most important thing is the journey to the crown and what you learn and what you take away from it. I like that. It's all about character development. Absolutely.  Now, you have great style. I've known you for many years. You always dress nice. I mean, you have great fashion sense. How did you get involved in fashion? You're really giving me too much credit, Este. Thank you. I wouldn't consider myself a fashionista, but being a part of pageantry and running in this way, USA, and having the opportunity to model some things, I think you're just kind of thrown into this fashion world, whether you like it or not. And now with social media, I like to follow all the latest trends, what different celebrities are doing, and also being a coach. These young girls really helped me to keep my style on point. So that's how I'm able to stay up on the latest fashion trends. Well, just know that I know that whenever I see you, you always have some great style and great, I mean, your hats and all kinds of different looks. I appreciate that. And that's funny you bring that up, is that's what everyone knows me for is I love to wear hats. It can be any time, it can be any season, any type of weather. I love to wear my hats.    What is the best parts of being a flight attendant? The best part about being a flight attendant is being able to travel the world, have new experiences, meet so many different people from different cultures and different backgrounds, and at the same time getting paid for it. I think you grew up in Hawaii and Hawaiian Airlines. They've created this legacy for themselves. It's such a great company to work for. They really take care of their employees. And I'm grateful because it's such a strenuous process to get in. And I'm proud to say I was able to get through the training. And flight attendants are not just about looking great and giving juice and water in the sky. We're really, we're there for your safety. We're there just to make sure that you have a great experience. And Hawaiian Airlines does such a good job of creating this culture for people to travel on and really just teaching people about Hawaii.  Oh, absolutely. I mean, that was one of the perks. You know, I told my dad, if I get in dad, I'm gonna take you everywhere. I haven't taken him too many places yet, but that's on the bucket list to start traveling more with my dad. Great. Well, let's turn to a very serious topic, domestic violence.  Can you share your experience with me? Yes.  And my first abusive relationship happened when I was in high school and it was very aggressive. It was very violent, physically, emotionally, mentally. My ex-boyfriend that I had been with pretty much all throughout high school had put me into the hospital. Had injured me pretty badly. It took months of physical recovery. What kind of injuries did you have? Let's just say I was kicked, I was punched, I was shoved, I was burned, I was pushed, I was choked. I mean, everything that you can think of, I went through that. And it was such a nightmare. You know, I was only, I was 16 and I was with him for a couple of years. And to be able to go through that at such a young age, at that time, I thought it was love. I was in a relationship with someone who loved me and this is the way love is supposed to be. To be jealous, to be, to kind of shelter you from everybody else because this person wants to be with you, but it was, you know, again, a very, very violent relationship. Were you able to have a restraining order or take him to court or anything like that? I was. So throughout that process, I believe I had three different restraining orders and after the last altercation where he had beaten me so bad and I was put in the hospital, we had taken him to court. He was found not guilty. What? Found not guilty and he really walked away without any jail time, without being responsible for any doctor fees.  I really lost who I was. I lost my identity. I really lost my self-worth. And I went through again a dark time that I, you know, I became suicidal. I just really gave up on life. I felt destroyed. I felt embarrassed. I felt like I was ashamed and I hid it for a long time from friends and family, but after, you know, when you're in abusive relationship, you start to see the physical scars and, you know, it just kind of takes a toll on you whether you want it to or not. And, but I'm happy that, and I say this and when I do different talks now as a survivor, I say that I'm happy to have gone through that because where I'm at in my life, I'm able to be a voice for survivors. I'm able to be a face for survivors, to let them know that there's always a way out. Even when you think that you're at your worst, there's always a way out. Well, so you were, I mean, just down to nothing. I mean, suicidal and... Nothing. And I haven't shared this much with people, but I tried taking my life and I ended up in a hospital and I needed to get help and I needed to go through this recovery and really this self-discovery as well. Not only recovering physically, but just this self-discovery to find out who I am, where do I want to go? And, you know, I was able, I started going back to church. I'm a Christian. I had a really great support system. My dad is, has always been my rock and will always be my rock. I had really great friends. I had some great mentors in there that really just kind of steered me into the right direction and helped me get back on the path of being Juliet again.   Well, Juliet, thank you for sharing those things with me and we're gonna take a quick break and then when we come back, we're gonna continue going beyond domestic violence. You are watching Beyond the Lines on Think Tech Hawaii with my special guest, Juliet Leiter. We will be back in 60 seconds. Hello, my name is Stephanie Mock and I'm one of three hosts of Think Tech Hawaii's Hawaii Food and Farmer series. Our other hosts are Matt Johnson and Pomei Weigert and we talk to those who are in the fields and behind the scenes of our local food system. We talk to farmers, chefs, restaurateurs and more to learn more about what goes into sustainable agriculture here in Hawaii. We are on a Thursdays at 4 p.m. and we hope we'll see you next time. For more than 100 years, American Humane Association has been teaching kids to be kind to animals. Those in our homes, on the farms, on the silver screen and wildlife conservation caring for the world's vanishing creatures. But we can't do it alone. Visit kindness100.org to find ways to teach kids how they can make a more caring, compassionate and humane world for all of us. Welcome back to Beyond the Lines on Think Tech Hawaii. My special guest today is Juliette Leiter. She is a former Miss Hawaii USA, a survivor of domestic violence and founder of the Women's Speaking Out Hawaii organization. And today, we are going beyond domestic violence. Juliette, you founded the Women's Speaking Out Hawaii organization. Tell me about it. Yes, so I started Women's Speaking Out Hawaii in 2007 and at that point I just knew I had a heart to serve. I was a survivor of domestic violence and it happened to me at a very young age when I was in high school. And I thought, you know, I want to have a public podium to speak about what I went through and then to be able to mentor and help other young women. And it's kind of gone through a big transformation throughout the years, but yeah, it was just an opportunity for me to give back. When did you start the Women's Speaking Out and what activities do you specifically do? So when we started in 2007, I really didn't have a clear direction. Again, I knew I'm like, okay, I want to help young women. I didn't know what direction I had. So we would do a lot of great events that really encompass fashion, music, art, a lot of different grassroots fundraising. I partnered with different organizations here, the Hawaii State Coalition Against Domestic Violence. They were a really big support of me when I started. And they became mentors for me to figure out what I really wanted to do. And so now what we're focusing on is educating young girls in middle school through college about dating violence. So that means providing them with red flags. If you're in a abusive relationship, this is what to look for. Different workshops on self-esteem, self-love, dreamboarding, makeup and hair. It's really about uplifting their spirits. And we do have a big conference coming up on December 1st, the Hawaii Pacific University. And it's going to be our first. So we're extremely excited and we're going to be hosting young women from Farrington High School. Great, you know, in my book, I talk about that some people see the storms and clouds of a situation, but champions always see the sun peeking through. And that's exactly what you're doing with these young women is you're trying to give them hope. You're trying to build their self-esteem. You're trying to have them focus on the light instead of the storms and clouds of their situations. Now, you have a Speak Love campaign. Can you tell me about this Speak Love campaign? Absolutely, our Speak Love, I kind of started it. I was driving one day and I thought, God, I want something catchy, especially with all this social media going on. And I thought I wanted something easy that people could really relate to. And I came up with Speak Love. And really what that stems from is I look back and I remember being in my multiple abusive relationships. And a lot of the times when you're in a aggressive or a violent relationship, it's a lot of words of hate and anger that's coming in. And I thought, this campaign is not only for women, but it's for men to be able to speak love to one another in our relationships, in our friendships, with our family. And I thought, God, this would be something nice and something that really people can relate to. Now, there's a big event, a Speak Love, Women Speaking Out event coming up in a few weeks. Can you tell me about that? Yes, we are very excited to be having our annual Speak Love Gala at the Oahu Country Club on Sunday, October 28th. And again, this is to raise awareness about dating violence, but also to raise money for our upcoming Uplift Young Women's Conference that we're doing at Hawaii Pacific University on December 1st. And then also for initiatives next year, we'd like to be able to host a workshop every month, bring in different speakers, and open it up to young girls in middle school through college. But at this event, we're gonna have live music by Jeremy Chang, fashion shows by Mauna Ola, Trina Turk, which has been a huge support of Women Speaking Out. We're gonna have wine tasting, a cigar bar, but it's really, it's about bringing people together for a good cause and having a good time and raising money. Yeah, and the title sponsor is Landmark Logistics. So Corey Correa, Seiji Aspengren, Noah Chan. I mean, those guys are huge supporters of very impactful events in the community. I am extremely grateful for Landmark Logistics. And Corey Correa and I go way back. He's really a good friend, more like a brother. And he's always been a big supporter of me as a woman, being a survivor of domestic violence, and really helping to see my passion and to grow Women Speaking Out Hawaii. And he's one of the people that, I mean, I couldn't have done this without him. So I'm very grateful. Yeah, and you know, the Speak Love campaign that's happening, you have such a great support of so many different people. Can you name some of the individuals right now that's helping you with the Speak Love campaign? Yeah, of course, you know, Crystal Ponzi Ponzi. She's a stylist here. She was one of those that really inspired me to do something and to really get Women Speaking Out there on social media. Mark Keramit, he's my president. He doesn't live here, but he's been a huge supporter. Amber Stone, Biana Green, Moriah, who's an amazing makeup artist, Jake, and all the different former Miss Hawaii USA's and models that we've had in our campaign. Jocelyn Baguio, she's official hairstylist for Miss Hawaii USA. I mean, there's been so many different people that have really helped along the way and been a support. And really contributed in different ways, whether it's hair and makeup or photography, you know, Glenn Yosa, Mark.  And I feel bad, I'm missing a lot of people, but I'm so unbelievably appreciative of each of these people. Because again, Women Speaking Out wouldn't be as successful as it is and out there in the public if it wasn't for these people. Yeah, well, I'm very excited for that event that's coming up. I'll be there. Very excited to have you. Totally looking forward to it. Now, I want to ask you some questions, Juliet, that directly relate to my book. One of which is, how do you define success? I love this question and being a pageant coach. This is very much a pageant question. And it's something that I drill our girls on. For me, it's always been setting a goal and not just occasionally working on it, but consistently working on it. And it sounds so simple. It's a quote that I read a couple of years ago. And I thought, in order for anything to be successful, you have to work at it every day. And starting my nonprofit in 2007, for any nonprofit, it's always a challenge being able to get funding and keep that momentum going, getting the public involved and setting up all these new initiatives. But there was times that I thought, gosh, why am I doing this? Is it even getting any traction? But I just was steadfast and I continue to say, nope, my heart is to serve these young women. It's to make an impact. It's to make a difference. It's to create awareness. And I think, I always go back to what's my intention and everything I do, what's my intention? And I just going back to that allows me to remember, okay, I'm here for a purpose and to continue to focus on building women speaking out Hawaii. Well, you're definitely making an impact in a positive way, big time. And you're right about consistency. I want to ask you, Juliet, why do you think you're successful in doing all of these things? It comes down to me, it's just having an amazing support system. I can sit here and take all the credit and yes, the ideas, the passion, the heart comes from me. But if I didn't have such an amazing father who's always been my rock and been supportive of me or great friends in my life, you know, just different mentors that have come in and out, going back to when I became Miss Hawaii USA Russell Tanoi, an amazing photographer, a friend, a mentor. He was one of the key people that helped me to get back onto that road of self-discovery and knowing that I can achieve anything. And every year it's like I meet different people that have impacted me in different ways. The girls that I've coached, the Chelsea Hardins, the Julie Cools, the Julie Choo's are just girls that have ran in our preland. These are all young women that have inspired me to continue to motivate me to be the best that I can be. So I would have to say it's all the people that have loved and supported me and been in my life. Yeah, you're right about Russell Tanoi too. You know, he's such a great talented photographer, a very positive person. And you're right about being, you're in a win-win situation where these young women can learn from you, but it seems like you're learning a lot from them as well. Oh, they teach me so much. They challenge me and they allow me to remember who I am and why I'm doing this.  Now Juliet, every successful person has had obstacles along the way. What has been your greatest obstacle in achieving your success and how did you overcome that obstacle?  Again, it was a dark time that I talked about and I, looking back, if I can get past that, I could do anything.  I've been in multiple abusive relationships but that has all allowed me to be the woman I am today. It's taught me to be strong. It's taught me to persevere. It's taught me to realize my worth. So for that I'm very grateful. So have you encountered a lot of young women coming, needing help from you? And I mean, through all these years and what is your first response when they come to you for help? My first response is always love and understanding. And I think that's what, being a survivor, you have to come at it with love and understanding because a lot of times people will say, well, why didn't you get out of it? Why don't you leave your abuser? Why, you know, there's a lot of questions and there's more judgment. And so I told myself that if I'm ever in the opportunity or in the place that I can help mentor or just serve women or even men, I'm always gonna come from a place of love and understanding and really hear their stories. Why are they feeling this way? Why are they staying with their abuser and just really get to know them first? And then I can go into giving advice. I'm no expert, but I, you know, again, being a survivor, I can say, I've been there. I understand what you're going through. So I think it always starts with love and understanding. Yeah, I like hearing that. And Juliet, you've accomplished so many things already and you've done so many things already. What do you hope to aspire to achieve in your future? That is a great question, Rusty. I think there's always something on my horizon. I think the biggest thing is gonna be growing women speaking out Hawaii, not just locally, on the outer islands and even maybe having a national campaign, being able to partner with a celebrity or doing something where I can take this Speak Love campaign and impact not just hundreds, but thousands and thousands of people, continuing to mentor young women, get them active, just not even from being in pageants, but get them active and, you know, really having a voice in the community, continuing to travel the world and hopefully getting married. I mean, that's a further goal, but we'll see what God has in store for me.  You have amazing character. I need to find me a Juliet, you know? And I really appreciate you being on the show today and really going in depth and really sharing some real personal things about your past and really thank you for being here on the show. Thank you. Thank you, Juliet. And thank you for watching Beyond the Lines on Think Tech Hawaii. For more information about my book and my TV shows, check out my website, RustyKamori.com and connect with me on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn and Twitter. I hope that this show and my book inspires you to create your own superior culture of excellence and to find your greatness and help others find theirs. Aloha.


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here today I bring you another fortnight top five plays and today we have top five epic funny and WTF moments but before we get into the video guys if you do enjoy it and want to see more fortnight videos leaving a like really does help me out and if you have any amazing fortnight click to send in send it into the email I just linked within that video description but let's get straight into this top five in at number five we have a clip scented by yto this is cruel but hilarious have a clip scented by daniels to be honest this would be my exact reaction oh my god oh my god in at number three we have a clip scented by duke duke with possibly the best fail ever then number two we have a clip scented by lm smacking you this is amazing but imagine dying before even landing I would be mad in at number one we have a clip sent in by clutch is the bum while his name says it all this is possibly the best winter a game I have ever seen but guys that is the end of this top five fortnight clips of the week if you enjoyed the video leaving a like really does help me out if you are new around here and enjoy fortnight and destiny be sure to subscribe but thanks as always for stopping by and hopefully I'll see you on that next one


My name is Mi-Van Babaka and I'm head of automated fact-checking at Full Fact. So Full Fact started in 2010 and when we started we had to convince everybody that bad information led to bad decisions and as the world has changed around us, we no longer need to make that argument. Our tools are coming along really really well. We're building two of them. One's called Live and it helps us do live fact-checking. And the other tool called Trends is looking at who is repeating misinformation and we're using that to strive all of our research that's happening. At the moment it's being used by our in-house fact-checkers at Full Fact and we're also working in Argentina and South Africa as well with Czech Yardo and Africa Check. Like many other fact-checkers we look at the scale of our content, the reach of our content. But we ultimately care about change in the world. So we're also measuring how many corrections we get, how how many published data sets we improve. I'm very optimistic about tools helping fact-checking go faster and at scale. But I also believe that a lot of people overstate how much these tools will be able to help fact-checkers. So it's important to say what it can't do as well and it's not going to replace fact-checkers anytime soon. But it can definitely help them work faster and at scale.