Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. We got the Team of the Year attackers today. The full team announced and more content in FIFA on honestly kind of a lackluster day of Team of the Year. Like I think I would honestly call it one of the worst starts to Team of the Year that we ever had, like a first day of Team of the Year. So we'll talk about that, talk about why it wasn't the best. The cards aren't as upgraded as I think we would have liked to see, which is the biggest unfortunate thing for you guys in the higher tier budgets, but the market has risen incredibly, right? We have a crazy market rise going on, which is what we expected with all of the packs being opened and all of those saved up packs especially, not all of them, but a lot of saved up packs being opened, a lot of lightning rounds, and of course prices rising on the out of pack specials, and specifically the icon market is sky high right now in FIFA. So I wanna take a look at these three cards, of course, we kind of figured we were getting attackers today and I wanna show you what happened with these guys' prices, just like other first day promo cards, these guys were very expensive to start with, they dropped down, and they have rebounded since, right? This Mbappe has had the biggest rebound, the blue hair, of course, kind of in the dynamic image showing a lot of people really hiked about that dynamic image, but Mbappe today was started in like the eight, the nine-mil range, dropped down to the 6.6, he was actually 6.4 mil at his absolute lowest and bounced all the way back up over 7.2 million coins on the PlayStation, so a big bounce there, on the Xbox he was down at 5.5, and it looks like he went back to around 5.8, but a huge bounce on Mbappe, that happened on Lewandowski and CR7 as well, CR7 was down at 8.2 mil, now back up to 8.8, Lewandowski was I think 2.7, and went back up a little bit over, he was down at 2.7 or 2.8, I believe, and now he's 3.1 mil, you've seen these cards rebound, but honestly the number one thing that surprised a lot of people, and it surprised me as well, on this game today was the supply. These Team of the Year cards have so much supply, it is unreal. Now of course that supply is kind of drying up right now, as a lot of these cards are, the market's kind of going to sleep a little bit, there's not as much people on the game, because it is a little bit later at night, but there were 35 pages of this Lewandowski card, when I searched his supply 30, yes, that's correct, there were 35 pages of Lewandowski Team of the Years on the market earlier today, 35, that is no joke. Right now it looks like he's simmered down a bit, and that's why you see his price going up, because it is a little bit more at night time now, the supply is less as people are using this card in the game, but it was a crazy amount of Lewandowski's, that might be one of the cheapest Team of the Year cards we've ever had first day, and that's one thing that is even crazy about the Christiane Ronaldo card that we got today, even he had multiple pages of supply on the market today, which was wild, because we're not used to that, now it's kicking me out of Ultimate Team, which is very nice, but the supply today on these new Team of the Year cards was crazy, which also has us thinking what's gonna happen when the midfielders come into packs on Sunday, because the new way that EA is doing this is they're not going one day attackers, one day midfielders, one day defenders, they're going two days attackers, so that means we're probably going two day attacker, two day midfielder, two days for the defenders in packs, so we won't be looking at getting the entire Team of the Year in packs until Thursday, until Thursday, man, we're not gonna get these guys all in packs until Thursday, as you can see, Team of the Attackers are now available for one day 19 hours, the only thing I could maybe see them changing is that they put vendors and midfielders in packs at the same time, but I doubt they'll do that, so we're looking at, honestly, Thursday for the whole Team in packs, which would make me think that this would be a two week Team of the Year with the full Team in packs for hopefully a week, in my opinion, that would be the way that I think they should do it if they wanted to get the most money out of this promo that they could as a company, but we will see what happens, so again, today at 6 p.m., or sorry, yesterday, I guess, for the guys that are in the EU, Friday, 6 p.m. UK, when the content dropped, there was no SBCs that were released, there was one objective, and of course, we saw the Team of the Year cards that were released. Now, this Suarez objective isn't too bad, I think it takes you like 14 games at the absolute minimum, my only slight pet pee with this, EA, when you're upgrading a special card, I know 79 paces might seem to make sense, but 80 paces is so much better and so much more people would like if it was 80 paces in the Suarez, you're probably gonna throw an engine or a hunter on him anyways, not a bad card though, four star, four star, like Suarez of old, that is a decent card right there, and then I wanna talk about the SBC content because at 6 p.m. UK, when the content dropped, we had no SBCs, but an hour and a half after the promo started, we had this Franck Ribéry that was dropped. Now, one thing I wanna talk about this, it's out for 41 days. This card's gonna be in the SBC section for a long freaking time. It's gonna be here for a long time and of course, when EA drops an SBC like this and they're gonna put it out for 41 days, kinda like they put Firmino out for like a month or something, this guy is expensive, right? He is expensive right now, but I honestly think this might be one of the most, the cheapest times to actually do his card because SBC fodder has dropped a lot because of all the packs that were open. As you can see, Ribéry's coming in at about 880,000 coins on the market, five star, five star left wing, French, of course. That might affect, you know, like Neymar's price, other high tier left wings, coming out of this week and make a little bit. I feel like this is an SBC though that most people are going to craft for their teams during team of their upgrade packs or something like that. But the reason why I was saying SBC fodder is so down, take a look at this Bruno Fernandez. This guy was 1.15 million coins to do just yesterday on the market. Now he is under a million coins. So he's dropped over 100K in value to do this Bruno Fernandez player of the month. I did expect SBC fodder to drop it, which was why I was not a fan of, you know, investing in that stuff before a team of the year. And as you can see, a lot of these cards are down, right? 84s are at 5,000 coins, 86s are at 10K, 11K, or sorry, 85s are 10K, 11K, 86s are at 20,000 coins. So a lot of people are gonna start buying into these fodder cards on the game. I'll talk about index icon in a second, but take a look at the index 85, right? Big time drop off, it was a little bit lower. This is probably gonna start creeping back up as we head into Saturday as people realize, hey, these SBC fodder cards are very, very cheap and that's gonna make people wanna get into them and possibly invest in them with more lightning rounds coming today though, we'll have to keep an eye on that for sure. But I think SBC fodder stays decently low throughout the rest of the week, if I'm being completely honest and how I think that's gonna work out. But it's not gonna be a bad time to do an SBC if it does come out. But of course, when we're in this time of the year, EA knows they can get away with putting out a big SBC like Ribbary and making it very expensive because people have a lot of coins now after opening packs and stuff like that. One thing I will notice, today we had the attackers in packs, we had the SBC Ribbary, which was an attacker, and we had the objective Suarez, which was also an attacker. So it's making us think that we might be getting, like people have mentioned that flashback Conte card, right? If that kind of thing was gonna come, it might be on Sunday or Monday when the midfielders are in packs, maybe a defender like a flashback Boateng could come later in the week when the defenders are in packs. So just kind of thinking through that kind of logic right there, that might be when we see those SBCs coming later this week. But in total on FIFA, to be honest, boys, this team of the year, it feels a little bit kind of underwhelming. And again, if we take a look at Cristiano Ronaldo's 98 rated card, I mean, I think for all of the team of the year has passed, Cristiano Ronaldo's team of the year has been a 99, right? 99 in FIFA 20, he had a 99 in FIFA 19, a 99 in FIFA 18, FIFA 17, you know, FIFA 16 is the last time he had a 98 rated team of the year card. So we're really confused on why EA did not go all out with the upgrades. And if you compare this team of the year item of Ronaldo to his last year's team of the year item, his last year item had basically the same stats up top, but the passing and the physical are the biggest differences. This guy in FIFA last year, FIFA 20, had 95 passing and 95 physical. That's a huge downgrade on this card this year. And of course, if team of the year is living up to what it actually is, the team of the year, then these cards should have the best stats of any cards in this game. Now, I know they say maybe team of the season is coming down the line or whatever, but for me, I think team of the year should be higher rated than team of the season. So I'm a little bit, I think people on the high tier market were a bit displeased with the Mbappe or Ronaldo and Levadosky because they thought Mbappe could have been 98 and then these two should have been 99 with bigger stat boost. So that was a bit underwhelming today. And I think that's why you're seeing the market perform so well as well is because people just said, yes, screw this, to start the team of the year is not that good, not that hype. And they went out and just bought other cards that they wanted to use in their teams. Also, when the team of the year's first came out, they didn't have dynamic images in the game. So that was kind of an L in itself anyway. But let's talk about the market because a lot of stuff went crazy today. A ton of stuff went crazy. Now, when they announced the team that was out in packs this morning and Mbappe's gold card, of course, people knew it was going out of packs. Cristiano's gold card, they knew it was going out of packs because they expected the attackers today, which is what happened. And these cards absolutely flew. Now, I had mentioned to you guys that I thought thought that these cards were not gonna be able to be staying this high in price or their price. I thought they were gonna be dropping a little bit more even to what they were last week after this week in league. Well, this is one of the things that I think in this learning scenario for what this market has been over the past three weeks, I think a lot of us got accustomed to seeing Mbappe down here at 900,000 coins or a little bit under 900K because if we think about this, literally, what was this, the early December, right? A month and a half ago, this Mbappe card was 1.3 million coins. Basically, since we've gotten down here to the end of December, I think I just forgot to realize and we forgot to realize that so many people have not been, they've been waiting to buy Mbappe, they've been waiting to buy Neymar, they've been waiting to buy Cristiano Ronaldo and that's why you're seeing such a huge, huge buyback on these cards. Now, my point still stands and I still think it's very true that more people than ever have these cards in their team untradable, these guys are supplied more than they have ever been in any FIFA before. I still hold to that point and I still believe that that is true, but that's why you saw such a huge rise on these today is because all the coins that came onto the market and just, we kind of forgot about all the people that were just waiting since the end of December or middle of December to buy these cards back and once they saw, of course, that Mbappe was in team of year, they knew his gold card was going out of packs, they went and bought in those cards. So, that's the one point today where I feel like I kind of missed the boat with the market and I feel like I kind of got that part wrong. Also with the current team of the week, team week 17, I mentioned that those were cards that I might be interested in flipping today. Now, they are starting to rebound a little bit after all the supply, but I think that so many people today were looking to trade with these items because they weren't sure what was going on with the rest of the market and they wanted to just get involved with some of these new team of the week items that were in packs because they knew that they would be good flips, there's some popular cards in here, right? Because that's what also happened last year, but a lot of these cards are not rebounding super well at the moment. This Ben Yetter 87 card is 465,000 coins on the market, except that actually looks incorrect because I'm not finding any here at 470 or 480. So, it looks like these guys are bouncing back a little bit right now. Pogba was below 500,000 coins and Ben Yetter was, I believe, was at about 440 or 430. So, it looks like we do have some bounce back, which is nice. Yeah, Ben Yetter's actually, Ben Yetter's 500K, so he's bouncing back very, very nicely. Fuppin has not updated to show that yet, but that, I think on the lower tier, I was looking at Indombley today and that card really just wasn't gonna have the bounce back that I think it could. It's just too low tier of a card, right? Indombley right now is how many thousand coins? It looks like he's at like 35, 36,000 coins, which is, you know, this guy just had so much supply today that Yetter and Pogba are gonna be the ones that bounce back the most. Also, right? Since we didn't have a lot of hype content, we didn't see too much panic selling, but there was some panic selling right before 6pm UK that you could have capitalized on. And if you bought Metta out-of-packs cars, not just from this team in the week, but of course, you'd look at some of the headliner prices, right? Sun was 1.05 mil. Teo Hernandez, of course, is up a lot because of the Ribery link, but Upp Makano's at 30K. Diego Carlos is up about 20,000 coins. Lozano is up 50K, he's at 700,000 coins right now. Some of the other headliners, Felix is up. Benyeter is up 100K, Zaha is up 70K, Bomba is up a lot. A lot of the Metta cars that we talked about probably rising today definitely did rise. I wanna look at Freeze cards, right? I was a big fan of these. These guys exploded today. Latorra Martinez back over 300K. Mane was 1.85, he's back to 2.1. Verate is even up like 15, 20K. Bernardo Silva is up 50K. This Usman Dembele is one card that I wanna show you. This guy, I was watching him on stream and I shoulda went with my gut feeling, man. Right when there was no content released, I went back to the market and started searching up all of these special cards because I knew that people were just gonna start buying this stuff back. This Rashford was 960 this morning. He didn't have a crazy high bounce back. He's at 1.05 right now, so that's up 90K. Alan St. Maxman was about 940 at his lowest. This Dembele was 1.13 and is now 1.25. That was my biggest L of the day, was not buying that Dembele card. And some of the icons as well that I did not buy, Blanc for 1.85 is now going for 127. Harry Kane record breaker, there was a couple of them under 1.1 mil. And now this dude is back up at 1.2 almost. So a lot of the really rare cards, I mean, sometimes you just have to have a learning experience and you have to learn the hard way and watch the cards go up and you didn't buy and you kind of learn the best by saying, hey, all right, this is what I learned today. I didn't buy kind of VARO at 737 and now the dude is back up over 800K. So I should have bought him there. Obviously couldn't make your profit on that. This is one of those days where you just learn a lot. And when you see the market go up like this, you're gonna learn a lot from it, right? Bruno Fernandes 445,000 coins. I'm pretty sure this guy is almost 500K. I'm pretty sure this first informed Bruno is back to almost 500K at 490 right there. So a huge, huge market rise. This card, right, was 1.35 mil when they announced the team of the year. I went quick to the market and didn't buy the one at 1.35. It's not on my transfer targets anymore, but I didn't buy a Messi at 1.35. It was there and now the dude is 1.5 mil because he didn't get into team of the year. So a lot of learning, right? A lot of learning happened today, especially just knowing when to trust your gut and when to actually buy cards. I bought this drug by a 1.3 which was really not a good deal in the moment. I did get a nice sale at 1.37, so I made like 7K profit. But you know, I was upset with myself today, boys. I was upset on the live stream. We probably weren't able to tell, but I was upset because I did not have as good of a day as I wanted to because this is a big promo Friday, right? With all those coins coming in with the market looking like it is, you wanted to have a good day, right? You wanted to make a lot of coins and I'm sure a lot of you guys did, right? But I was not happy with myself. I did not perform to the level that I wanted to perform to today and that just drives me more. And that's the one thing I wanna talk about to end this video is how are you gonna frame things, right? A lot of you guys might be a little upset that Neymar is up to 730,000 coins where Mbappe is up so far and you didn't have a chance to get in, right? I know the feeling. I get the feeling. But, you know, other things, you just kinda have to frame it in your mind in a different way. Use that as a motivating factor to try to trade and to make more coins and to get better and not sit and be sorry and feel bad about not making the moves or not performing as well as you wanted to. So, that is the one thing that I wanna take away as something from today. And one thing that we can do to kinda bounce back from that is if you wanna do upgrade packs during Team of the Year, the Premier League rares today. They're literally back to discard. A lot of these were 1,000 coins. So, let's say you wanna make a bounce back move. Get on the open bids. Get on the open bids for rare cards because these guys were back down at discard during lightning rounds after being very, very inflated.  Or if you wanna bid and stock SBC fodder in the club, that is something that you can do as well. But I just wanna kinda put that mindset out there because that is something I think is very, very important. I think that the mind game, especially in the FIFA trading zone with the market and how you view things that happen inside of FIFA is so big, right? I'm always positive. I'm always trying to stay positive. But sometimes like today, some things don't go the best, right?   I'm glad that you had a good day. Or like, I packed Team of the Year, it's your seven or whatever, you know? But you can take the losses and turn them into knowledge, right? Because that knowledge can turn that loss next time into a gain and that can be, you know, the difference between you making coins and achieving your goal in FIFA and maybe not. So that's what I wanna kind of encourage you guys with today as I talked about the content for sure. It was kind of a downer start to Team of the Year. It was kind of a downer start, but hopefully EA bounces back very soon with a good Saturday of content and beyond. So that's the video for today, boys. I'll have one coming tomorrow morning as well, but I wanted to get this one out just to talk about the market being crazy high and to cover what happened with Team of the Year on Friday in FIFA 21, all the team. If you enjoyed it, smash the thumbs up, comment down below if you have questions and subscribe if you're new. It's been Nate the Foot Accountant. Catch you later, peace out.


King has made his triumphant return, huh? See, idiots, I'm Corbin and this is Rick. Um, um, because it's, uh, four in the morning. Um, the things we do for love. Uh, things we do for love. Like walking in rain in the snow. Uh, obviously, this is the Super 30 trailer, uh, that just dropped this morning. Anybody we know in this? Not, not too big. Nobody too big. Okay. Maybe, uh, Um, he's made his triumphant return. It's fresh and new. It is. It's not an old Rethick, it's a fresh and new Rethick. He hasn't had a film in two years since Cabal, Cabell. I know, we've been waiting very long time. Yeah, we have for a long time. We've been waiting for so long for this. Um, but, uh, I think it's about a math teacher. I believe that's what I've. Slired. Garnered. Look at Garnered. Looking out those early morning words. But, uh, it's Rethick. So, let's do it. We're here for Rethick. I made up a little different. Yeah, he's, he's, his appearance is very different. YMS one is going to be extremely dark. He's got his hair. He's also pretty slanted. Interesting, very interesting and very, um, different for Rethick. Yeah, very different for Rethick. Outside of, um, obviously it's very serious and the only other serious one I can think of is the Gersh, Gersh snatch. Rethick plays a paraplegic, which we haven't seen but we love the trailer. Yes, um, but Gersh snatch. He looked one extremely, that's what the tiger does just before they get their food. What? Um, we, uh, that song is still in my head. Which one? So, it is, here, I like that song a lot. Based on the life of, it's too early for my eyes to function. What does it say? Mathematician? No. Before, based on the, no, based. Where, where is he? Life of Patna, Patna, Patna with an N. Yeah, an N. Okay. Based on life of a Patna based mathematician, Arnan Kumar, who runs the famed super 30 program for it, it, aspirants in Patna, Patna. Huh. So true story. So yeah, we got the true story. And so I think it looked like a fame. I think it looked like really good. It's really good. Almost like an Oscar. Like if, if this was in the United States, this film would come out in, you know, Oscar season, October, November, December. Right. During Oscar season. Right. And this was a very subdued performance, I think, for Rithik.  So they got him to try and appear as much as he could as that person with everything from his skin is darker, his hair is obviously styled differently. And he's not as, he doesn't look like he's as muscular as he typically is. No, no, yeah. And I doubt they'll be like a dance number, which is unusual. Very odd for a Rithik film. Right. So that's interesting. But I love it. I love the fact that he's doing that and a studio would trust him to do a film where you don't see Rithik probably not shirtless and you probably don't see any dance numbers. Which is great. Which I think is fantastic. It comes out in July 12th, which is very soon. Do you know when, do they, I mean, they have an awards season. I mean, their big awards just happened a couple months ago. So do they have like an Oscar season though? Right. Because we have a definitive season where people pay attention to films and particular trailers and films come out at a particular time of the year. And it's cyclical. Because yeah, this looks like it would be the kind of a film that would come out in the fall here. And it would be a star vehicle, but it would be a story driven. It would have a really good supporting cast. And it would be, this looks like it's really inspiring. Yeah, I'm going to see it obviously. Okay. So it's the writer of Buggy or Buggy, whatever they want to call it. It doesn't, it doesn't say who the director is.  Yeah, it doesn't say who the director is.  When you see all filmmakers in crew. No, it's on IMDB. It's not there. How does IMDB not have the director? Yeah, it's weird. I think it said it in the trailer though.  Are you kidding me?  Maybe they're just up putting it in the air. I don't understand. I'm trying to see if anybody else that we know was in it. I didn't recognize anybody else. Yeah, I didn't either, but that happens all the time. You know who we missed recently? Who? We missed Sartaj, young Sartaj, the actor who plays him in Um, the SRK one that was, that everyone was saying we should watch that we just did a reaction to. Oh, okay. Gotcha. Yeah, and we totally, I went back and looked at it and I'm like, oh yeah, I guess that's it. Yeah, so this looks quite interesting. Obviously we're going to go see it and we'll review it because I obviously I know it's about a mathematician and all that kind of stuff. Yeah, so I don't know exactly totally what it's about, but outside of, yeah, it's that of mathematician, but then it looked like there was stuff in it. Like there was like, they were shooting guns off at a train, I think at one point at the end. Really? There was gun shooting? I don't know if it was guns, but like it looked like something like a protest or like a something at the end. And so, um, You know what he does. But he, I'm guessing he rounds up all these kids and gives them ammunition and they take over India. I wonder if this is going to be kind of like a, what is it, we're all going to use on the Deadpool Society? Right, that's what it reminded me of. But any teacher who is outside the realm of the arms bucks the system, connects with the kids and motivates them to be what they're supposed to be, always reminds us of Deadpool. And if Rithy can get anywhere near that performance, it would be the best performance of his career, at least from our knowledge, from the two films that we've seen. And that's, that's all you need, those are his best films, right? Best films ever, the two we've seen. But, always down, Rithy just came out with some new underwear, can't wait to wear your underwear, man. Don't bite, don't bite, it's just set to Rithy. Hey, can't wait to wear your underwear, man, it sounds so creepy. Reaction over.


The following is a presentation of TFNN trading hour with your host David White call now toll free at 1-877-927-6648 internationally at<PHONE_NUMBER>. Now David White. I think I think it was 20 times worse than 1991 and 1992 coming off that recession right now much less us actually going down. Press kind of a good mirror into the soul of what people some people think mostly the people that are extensively wrong. I bring up from time to time the the let me find it here. It's a there's a book Mr. Tetlock. Let me find it out here. Anyway, it's all about being a super forecaster. But it was kind of amazing that he ran a 20 year study and how many people were actually wrong. The more that people say that they are an expert on a particular subject, generally the chances of them being wrong is much higher. But I'll just read a small part from the book flap. This professor Tetlock decided to put it political experts and economic predictions to the test with the cold world. So I can't even say cold war and full swing. He collected forecasts from 284 highly educated experts who average more than 12 years of experience in their specialties to ensure the predictions were concrete. Experts had to give specific probabilities of future events. Tetlock had to collect enough predictions that he would separate lucky and unlucky streaks from true skill project lasted 20 years and comprised 82,381 possible estimates about the future. The result, the experts were by and large horrific disasters. Their areas, especially years of experience, access to classified information made no difference. They were bad at short term forecasting. They were bad at long term forecasting. They were bad at forecasting every domain. When the experts declared the future events were impossible or nearly impossible, 15% of them occurred nonetheless. When they declared events to be a sure thing, more than one quarter of them failed to transpire. As the Danish proverb warns, it's difficult to make predictions, especially about the future. I thought about that this morning when I was saying the end of the world and why I probably should just jump off a bridge and give up now from the mainstream media. Not only about the economy, but everything else. We're dying from this. We're dying from that. The end of the world is already over. We had some nitwit during debates who was saying that we already need to move everybody along the shoreline to higher ground. I go to the beach every Sunday. I can tell you it hasn't creeped up on me at all. But I do find it very interesting that just the overall huge pessimism from people selling, I guess, what Steve Rhodes earlier said, was just flat out fear. I don't understand it. Never have things been better in the world and people described things that are going to go worse. Now markets go up and down. I'm not a Pollyanna. We've had a fairly long run. We'll probably pull back. But generally, there's some kind of big reason for pulling back. And to this point, we haven't reached the point of no return. I want to be sanguine. I don't want to be James Stewart. What's the guy? Baby James, fire and rain. I don't want to have to write something about my manic depressive cycles going into the future. So I'm not going to scream about having a huge day today or catching all of the major lows over the last year and a half with my sector oscillator. And maybe the best oscillator for buying the lows of any signals that I've ever seen ever. But you know what? It tended to affect me.  But I just I didn't think that anybody could say the same stupid phrase that many times in an hour. But now I'm kind of a little bit. I'm going to go to bed early tonight because of that. Don't play a drinking game where you watch American communists ask about point of personal privilege. You will not have a liver by the night being over. What else we have? OK, we're up 43 on the S&P cash, although the end is nigh. And time to call the suicide hotline because the Dow is up 282, the Nasdaq's up 142 and the Russell's up 28. I would say it's time to with things like this. It's time to jump on the grenade. There's just no point in going forward. Anyway, I'm being facetious for all those people that don't know, but I'm rather bullish. As I said yesterday, I suspect I got hate mail for it to thinking that we probably had made the low for the year going into the fall. Anyway, we'll be back in a minute. We've got a guest. I've got a cough and we've got some interesting things to talk about the rest of the show. If you're not currently using the Taz Profile Scanner when looking at setting up your trading opportunities, then your arsenal is short a mighty weapon. The Taz Profile Scanner is a standalone piece of software that instantly filters over 2,500 global financial markets such as stocks, ETFs, commodity futures and forex. 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We're joined today by Tim Ord. Tim Ord, of course, multiple awards for being time of the year for various things, S&P, gold, all that kind of stuff. We had him on a couple of weeks ago, big response. So we have him back on again. Last we spoke, Tim, we were looking for, he pulled back and we got it. How are you doing today? Good, good. Actually, I sent you four charts. We can kind of go backwards because you were talking about the S&Ps and I want to show a chart. Can you pull up chart number four? We've got it up. You got it? You got it. All right. This is a weekly chart. And we're actually bullish on 2,940 area. We got a buy signal. And anyhow, the market gap down on that Monday, that 3% down gap of this Monday. And actually, the reason why we were bullish at that point, we got some panics and ticks and trend and whatever. Well, that signal failed. And we busted through some support levels, which is basically the 2018 high. And the early 2019 high were basically the May high, maybe late April high. And that was around that 2,940 range, give or take. And we're just rallying back to it. This chart's probably about an hour old when I sent you. And we're just rallying back to it right now. And so this area we're in right smack right now on a weekly timeframe is a resistance area. Can we bust through it? Oh yeah, we can. But I'm saying we're probably not because we really had to sign a weakness through that level. And now that level may become resistant. The week's not over. If we bust through it, say we get up to 2950, then the whole story changes. But I'm thinking this area right here could be resistant. Let's take a look at the next chart. It would be chart number three for you is a daily chart. Okay, hang on just a second. Let's get this up for some reason. I've got issues here with my technology. Hang on just a second. No, it's not. Yeah, unfortunately, when we get this with hot com, it just I have to reboot the computer. There's no way getting around it. We'll talk about these charts. Anybody that wants them. I will email them to you at the break. You can email me at path at tfnn.com. Okay, we're back to the charts. You're looking at chart four, right? Yeah, chart four, we pulled that up and I wanted it. But you can't get to chart three. Oh, no, I can get chart three. They're just not seeing it right now. So when we come back from the break, I'll reboot my machine. Okay. Well, we got so we really have any charts right now. I'm seeing them so you can go ahead and talk. All right. On chart three, this is yes, we looked at chart four, which was the weeklies. And I showed you around the 2940 area on the SPX is the resistors because that was the 2018 high in the May 2019 highs.  And now we're coming back on the daily chart shows up and we're just filling that gap right now. The markets pretty much closed that gap and that are you there? Yeah, I think they're going to break early and we'll come back here in just a minute and I'll reboot my machine during the break. All right, sounds good. Path of least resistance is David White's daily trading newsletter. And if you're looking for active trading ideas, then now is a perfect time for a 30 day free trial to this powerful daily trading advisory service. David uses his years of trading experience to offer his subscribers his trading ideas each morning in his path of least resistance newsletter. Using a combination of equity trades along with options, David keeps his subscribers up to date with all pertinent market information with intraday afternoon updates when warranted. Don't miss out on this great chance to get a 30 day free trial to David's daily newsletter, the path of least resistance with no obligation to pay anything. 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If you'd like to try my newsletter risk free for 30 days, then head over to the front page of TFNN and you'll find market insights under trading newsletters. I use my years of trading experience to bisect and dissect the market every morning and give my subscribers the most important information they need to know for the day ahead. I even issue afternoon updates for my subscribers whenever warranted with important market action. I'm always scouring the market for the next great trading opportunity. Sign up for your 30 day free trial to my daily newsletter market insights today by visiting the front page of TFNN.com. Well, log in folks. TFNN is excited about our new software charting program, The Art of Timing the Trade Charts. In collaboration with Tom O'Brien and using his best selling book, The Art of Timing the Trade, Your Ultimate Trading Mastery System, David White has programmed an outstanding piece of software that will complement any trader's methodology. Using this first of its kind program, The Art of Timing the Trade Charts allows you to scan thousands of stocks for Fibonacci formation setups including guardleafs, ABCs, butterflies and much more. The Art of Timing the Trade Charts is designed to help you when scouring the markets for stocks just beginning to form the trading patterns that many investors spend days, weeks or even months searching to find. And right now we're offering licenses available at only $79 a month. We are so confident that you're going to love this new charting software that will even give you a 30 day unconditional money back guarantee. Don't miss out on this incredible new piece of software. Get your copy of The Art of Timing the Trade Charts today by visiting TFNN.com. This segment is brought to you by Think or Swim. For more information, just click the Think or Swim banner on the front page of TFNN.com. We're back. Hopefully we've got our technical issues done. Hang on just one second. I will be able to conference back in. What chart are we looking at now, Tim? Did we show the weekly chart number four? No, we haven't. So let's go ahead and look at that one. There we go. Right there on chart four. Go ahead. We busted above it back in July there, and I said there's no sign of strength through that high. So it could be a false breakout to the upside. Then we had a bearish and golfing pattern. Then this week, we gapped through the 2940 area, which is the previous highs of 2019, the May highs, and then 2018, September highs. And we fell through that area with a sign of weakness. And now we're just coming back up it today. This chart's about an hour old, but we're rallying back up to that resistance area right now. And on the weekly chart, this area right here should be resistance. So now flip to chart number three. This is a daily chart. I'll give you time to give it a... We've got it up. Oh, you got it up? All right. Okay, we flipped to chart number three, which is a daily chart. We had a big gap down on Monday, and now we're rallying into that gap to fill the gap. Well, that gap, again, came right around that 2940 area, 2930 area, depends where your trend lines are. But we'll fill the gap today. Today's not over yet. This chart, again, is about an hour old, but chances are we're not going to fill that gap with higher volume. We're going to fill it with lighter volumes. That gap's mostly going to be resistance. So my bet is we'll probably make a short-term minor high right now. Probably today, maybe tomorrow, if it does push a little higher, it's not going to put too much higher than wherever today's high is. And if you notice on Monday there, we had a big spike in volume. Their high volume days are normally tested. We never touched that low yet. It came close to it yesterday, but we didn't touch that low. And most times when you get a high volume low or high, you go down and test them. If you can't get through them, then it becomes forward and you go back up again. So on a very short-term basis here, this is probably rat resistance right around here. And we got support at Monday's low. So if we really barrel down high volumes, then Monday's low may not hopefully go lower. So I don't know, but right now I'm thinking the upside is pretty limited the way it stands. So to go back down to Monday's low, I think we were six days down in a row, which is quite a bit of energy to the downside. So in my opinion, we'll need a little bit of base forming here to really build some base to really get going to the upside. But at a minimum, I think we need to test Monday's low, then from there we'll have to wait and see what develops there next. But I'm thinking right now that this rally is probably done right around here, either today or tomorrow. Next week's option expiration week, which normally has a bullish bias. But I don't know, it could be a down week. Don't know. What do you think about all the action yesterday being on Delta Neutral Day? Or as you used to call it, Weird Wall-E Wall and Check Wednesday. Weird Wall-E Wednesday. Yeah, I tell you what, expiration week or the week before expiration week, you got to be real careful. And we were actually bullish on Friday. I'm thinking a new expiration week was coming up. Or the week before Weird Wall-E Wednesday or a week before expiration week was going to be, you know, whipsaws are common. And I'm thinking, well, I think it's okay. And sure enough, you know, the market blasts down and comes back. And so it kind of caught me by surprise. But, you know, next week, you know, the way I'm kind of looking at it right now is it'd be, I think, a test of Monday's low at some point before it next week is out. So that's how I'm looking at this setup, I guess. So I don't think this rally is going to continue. So, Bunny, I wanted to point that out on a bigger time frame here. This 249-40 range on the SPX is a kind of a resistance area. The first time up to it, which we're hitting it around there today, may not make it through it. So you may pull back and try again, you know, maybe later. So, but normally when you break the, you know, the weekly charts down, it takes time to get back up through them. So, you know, the next couple of months, I don't think it's going to, in my opinion, it's going to be a little bit messy here. So, but, you know, you got any questions about that? I've got two other charts I want to show you. Well, what would it take to negate the bearish view of yesterday and maybe even the last few days is nothing more than a false breakdown, even though you had the volume? Any close above 2950? How high do we have to go to just say that that was a false flag? Well, the books say you got to have four days up, four days closes above a resistance area, or 3% or more. So if we go four days, say we close at 20, I think 2950, we can hold there for four days and you're okay. Okay, this book resistance market can go higher, or we can go 3% higher, which is quite a ways higher than that. But so we have to, you know, put this way, we set here for four days around this level. I would be, if you were bearish, I'd be pretty scared. So either we break, you know, if we were still setting here with today, Thursday, we're setting here next Tuesday around this range. Then I'm thinking we're not backing away from resistance, we're eating up the supply to go through it. So a four-day rule, I guess, or a 3% break above resistance. So if the market sits here and we're still here next Tuesday, then I'm thinking, yeah, the bulls won that round, then we're going to start to push higher again. Overall, though, you're longer-term bullish, right? Yeah, I'm longer-term bullish. I think we'll break new highs before the years out above 3,000.  And so, you know, we're more, in my opinion, in a trading range over the next two, three months than an uptrend. So, but that's good. You know, you need to build a trading range to get an impulse wave going. So I think your impulse wave is coming, but, you know, that may not start until October, maybe even November. Well, do you want to describe what an impulse wave is? They probably haven't listened to you or read your book, or most of them yet, although I recommend your book highly. Impulse wave. It's what? Pardon? I said, can you describe what an impulse wave is? Oh, impulse. Impulse wave is, in a nutshell, is a strong move on really decent volume. You want to open and close pretty wide, and you want to increase volume. So as you're going up, the price between open and close is expanding, and volume is a gradual increase. So it shows strength behind the move up. So they call that an impulse wave. The moves that are real jerky, you know, I have one big day up and a big volume or something like that that doesn't fall through. The next day is some like a doji or a narrow trading range and a light volume. Those can lead to, you know, short term pullbacks, but impulse wave is just basically a line up on a weekly timeframe with higher highs, higher lows on increased volume. So, and I think that that's not where we're going to have here. We're going to have more of a, you know, some rally attempts that fail and some probably declining attempts, and that fails. And that just a sideways market where it kind of builds around in a trading range, but trading ranges are good because after trading ranges, impulse waves happen. So, you know, so. We've got a couple of other charts here, which when do you want to go to next? Okay. I use a couple of charts. Everybody's kind of, you know, at least my client's really nervous on gold for some reason. I'm trading GDX. The first chart I've sent yet is a daily chart. And it's a pretty good indicator. I kind of developed over the years. And the bottom indicator is a, it's GDX advanced decline, but they call it percent. It's on stock charts and even this GDX ADP, that took 18 moving, 18 day moving average of that. And normally when it's above zero, markets and uptrend when it's below zero is basically a downtrend. But one point out in this daily chart is if you look back at the 2016 run up, the bottom window there is, again, is an advanced decline with 18 moving average. It stayed above zero all through that advance. And if you notice right now, this chart's most printed out today, we're still quite a ways above zero line there. So that remains in bullish configurations. The next chart up is up down volume percent and also took it to 18 day moving average of it. If you notice back in, again, in 2016 run up, it stayed above zero. What we're doing right now too, so even though the market has run here for a couple of months since May, it's still holding above zero. So in my opinion, this chart or GDX rally is not done. I marked on the top chart there is GDX and I think release get back to the highs of 2016, which is around 31. And I'm thinking that we're not too far from here right now. And 31 may be exceeded. I don't know because right now I'm not seeing any weakness in the up down volume indicator or the advanced line indicator as both of them are holding above zero. So I think there's still more legs to the GDX rally. So I just want to point that chart out. Can we flip to chart two now? Yep. This is the same chart again. But only thing I kind of discovered on this chart was it's kind of unique here when this chart gets below 30, both on the up down volume and advanced decline. I've got blue vertical lines on that and usually they're awful close to a low. So what this chart does is it defines exhaustion is to the downside. So every time both the up down volume and the advanced decline got below 30. If you notice, you're pretty much picking up the lows pretty close of all those lows going back to this chart was like back 2016 mid 2016. And actually, you know, last time we got down there was basically in May and the mark went sideways there for about a month. Then it was pretty much skyrocketed from there. So that picked up that low pretty good, even though it got price low. Otherwise, it burned up. You know, it went sideways for a couple of three weeks before the market actually got going, but it was pretty close to the low in price. So I think that indicator is pretty good. Okay, we're going to go to break here. We'll be back in just a minute. Got a couple of questions for you. We'll wrap it up and we'll talk about some of the stocks and earnings after the bell tonight. 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That's TFNN.com and hit Watch Tiger TV for the latest market information. And we're back. Tim, you still there? Yeah, I'm still here. Okay. Tim Ord of the Ord Oracle. I had a couple of people asking me who you are. I think we said it at the very beginning. So I just wanted to remind that we've got Tim Ord on from the Ord Oracle. Been around for a long time, has a newsletter. When we're talking here to just be advised that Tim is, where I'm kind of a medium term trader, I'd say he's even more looking at even the longer term than I do. So if you're looking at and listening to him, tends to have a far longer range than I do on a general basis where I tend to be more of a swing trader. So we're looking at this chart. Let's see, yeah. Which one? Is it chart two that we were looking for? Chart two. Yeah, chart two is the GDX chart. And the bottom window is that when it gets below 30, whatever is that one we're talking about? Whatever you want to talk about. Well, we kind of went through it. That's what I'm saying is it's a good chart to major exhaustions, short term exhaustions in the GDX index. And when the up-down volume, 18 moving averages below 30 in the advanced decline, 18 moving averages below 30, when both those things occur, you're usually at a decent low on GDX. So it kind of majors exhaust moves to the downside. On the upside, it works. It doesn't really get an exhaust move when Marcus goes down. They have kind of different personalities than when they go up. They don't really... Exhaust move to the upside off of a low is usually bullish. Exhaust move to downside to the... Well, that'd be actually a lot of times bearish. But right now, what I'm saying is GDX, even though it has a decent run-up from the May low, I don't think the rally is over yet as the up-down volume and advanced decline indicators are still above zero. They have quite ways above zero. So in my opinion, because of this indicator, GDX still has legs here. So I thought we might get to 31, but we may surpass that according to this indicator. Good enough. I've got your book. I'm holding it up here. Hopefully you can see fairly good. The secret science of price and volume. And your website is at or-oracle.com where they can reach you there. I want to thank you for coming on today. Thank you for having me. Okay. Maybe we'll talk to you again in a couple of weeks. That'd be fine. I'd be glad to come back on. Okay. Thanks much. Thank you. You bet. Now, let's get to some of the other things like the market, which is already in progress over most of TFNN. I've got to clear a few things out of my way here. Let's get this done. I think I've got all the charts out except one for Larry. We'll get that out during the next break. We're up 45, let's call it 46 points on the S&P cash. Man, 47 points. When we look at the dollar, come on right there. Pretty much in the same trading range, almost a nickel, $97.39. And of course, the volume as we look at that, actually fairly decent, not as bad as you would think. Not as strong as the downside, but still not weak. At least my opinion, we're doing over five billion shares as we get an hour and 15 minutes left. You'd probably like to see a little bit more, not uncommon to see a huge downtrend get an instant reversal and then go sideways for a while. When we look at options, this is kind of the upper ranges of what options are already telling us to do. I wanted to look at Apple real quick. We had Skyworks Solutions out after the bell last night. We'll look at that in a second. Not a lot of push in Apple though, which there weren't SWKS. It's the symbol for Skyworks Solutions. Not a lot of range in it either out here. I think a lot of discussions, both in Apple and the cellular market, is the trend for 5G phones. Samsung's Note with 5G kind of leaked yesterday. We're starting to get some more comments about that, but we're kind of talking about October, really before this starts moving fairly fast in the 5G space. The question is, these guys are only going to start shipping chips when the phones really start moving. Apple basically the same kind of thing. There may be a two-month lead in these chip stocks, but I think really when the volumes are going to start or kind of probably be about close to the end of the year. That generally means that they'll ramp up before then. It wasn't a horrible report. It was down last night after hours for Skyworks, but it didn't really do that bad today and actually up a little bit on the news. I had a lot of earnings calls last night and this morning. Let me hang on just a second. We're going to get to the ones that moved the most. Stamps.com, STMB. I thought this thing might do a little bit better. Again, the problem was that you're still looking for the third gap down in this thing. I think it could still come, but man, this is pretty much the big winner of the day with 24% higher. Of course, this thing has come way off $285.75 high. The downside is that you probably get to $75.78. That would be probably, if you wanted to reshort this, is probably somewhere close to it. Another huge favorite of the short brigade is Mercado Libre. It's up 13% today. It is breaking through a new and all-time high. We go back to the 20th of June with 581,000 shares. You already have 834,000 shares already. Pretty good day for that. On the loser side of stocks has been 3D systems. It's down about 14%. Gap down broke through some of the levels going back to November 15th of 2017. That had 6 million shares. You have about 4 million shares, so it could have been worse. The downside is that you're going to need a lot of consolidation to move around in this. You might think this is weird, but I'm thinking that maybe in two to four weeks this might be a total washout of this stock. It's been a good trader, but again, a pretty fast moving stock. If this thing can consolidate out down at these levels, the business actually doesn't look that bad. And they weren't losing money, they just broke even. So getting whipped much worse than I think the news should suggest. We'll be back after this break. I'm looking to become the best of the best when it comes to managing your money. Let me teach you to do what most wealth managers tell you can't be done, which is how to time the markets. I'm Steve Rhodes, author of Mastering Probability. And for the last 12 months, Timer Digest has been tracking my newsletter signals, which have earned me the ranking as their number one market timer in the nation for the S&P 500 for the last 12, 6, and 3 months. Timer Digest also ranks me as the number one market timer for gold as well. The fact is, markets can be timed. And I'll teach you the exact set of tools that I use that has transformed me into one of the best at what I do. 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Match that with 14 years as a full-time trader and he's uniquely qualified to guide you through the light-speed world of ever-evolving high tech. If you're ready to ride the next big technology bull market for less than $40 per month, log on to TFNN.com and get your two-week free trial to The Technology Insider. Get in on the ground floor of the next big thing today. Since 1984, Basil Chapman has been using the Chapman Wave methodology to advise traders of his expert market opinion. While originally hand-drawing charts from the late 1970s into the 1980s, Basil noticed that prices under most circumstances virtually always had a certain number of legs to the upside before declining sharply. Later, Basil found that computer software which included the standard market technical indicators enhanced the degree of accuracy in calling price turns as well as market trend calls. Thus was born the Chapman Wave sequence. Using the Chapman Wave methodology along with other indicators, Basil Chapman advises his subscribers of his expert market opinion each market day with his opening call newsletter. Right now, you can get a two-week free trial to the opening call, Basil's daily trading newsletter, by visiting the front page of TFNN.com. Cancel at any time during that trial and pay absolutely nothing. Get your two-week free trial to Basil's newsletter, the opening call today by visiting TFNN.com. Educator, founder of TFNN, also a special guest on CNBC. Tom will bisect and dissect the markets. The Tom O'Brien Show, next on TFNN. If you didn't get the charts earlier that we were talking about, email me again at path at TFNN.com. We'll be glad to send those out to you. Got a question in the den. How big a deal is AMD selling chips to Google data centers in favor of Intel chips? The answer is I don't think it's that big a deal. Any news on a massively shorted stock like AMD can pop it. In fact, you had a fairly big move out there. In AMD though, you already had a light while you moved back up to the top. That 300 million share high was tested with 70 million shares. You came back down. But again, I'm not a big fan of pushing AMD because the margins are going to be moving down as they get very price competitive with Intel. And of course, Intel actually getting an AMD's grill with its own video cards that will be coming out before 2020 or around Christmas time. I don't know how, right off the bat, how effective they're going to be. But the scale at which Intel manufactures is about 10 times what AMD does. Not a big deal for them selling chips into the data center because AMD really doesn't have anything even closely to compete with the server chips. If you're talking about low end chips for near term data, that is data that can wait up to five seconds to be stored offline. That's basically what AMD's chips are going to be used for. Not a huge part of the market. And it's certainly not a part of the market that makes high margins. So if you're Intel, you want to kind of try to keep as much as that business as you can. But it's not going to make you a lot of money. I'm probably going to cost you a little bit. Hang on for the next two hours from O'Brien. Got a little earnings after the bell tonight like last night. A lot of stuff moving. So when you can, not when you have to. I will see you here tomorrow. Same bat time.


Hwyl iawn, ddweud! Mae'n gwneud i chi'n gweithio lluniau cyntaf yma yn dweud a'i bod gennych, yna'n fathio ddim ymlaen. Felly ddim, mae'r Llyfr Gwyddo Llyfr Gwyddo, arfergwch oesio ymddangos ymddangos o'r llyffan i Gwyddo Llyfr Sfwrth, rydyn ni'n bwysig o'r lluniau gyda'r C&TF's Llyfr Gwyddo Llyfr Gwyddo Llyfr Gwyddo, gallwn yma'r gweithio eich lluniau cwyddo i gael cwyrddau I've just recently written a new report about EBPF. Hopefully we will be giving away copies later this week. Apparently they have been released from customs and are on their way here now, I hope. So if you want to hear more about, or learn more about what EBPF is, I hope that book will be as useful to you as I know some of you have said the container security book was. So today I want to talk about how we can use EBPF for run time security. And how many of you were here for the loxy talk just a couple of talks ago? OK, so some of what was discussed there will dive a little bit in more detail in this talk. I'm going to show you some different uses of EBPF and a new tool that we've added to the psyllium family. A lot of the discussions I think at security calm, there's been lots of things about supply chain and dependency management, things that happen before you deploy your workloads. What I'm talking about now is the real time detection and prevention of malicious activity while your workloads running. So we need a way of detecting when something that looks suspicious is happening in real time. At a minimum we need to be able to report that, perhaps that's going to generate alerts or it's going to go into a SIM or some kind of notification that something suspicious or malicious has happened. But even better if we can actually spot when something suspicious is about to happen and we can prevent it. The kind of activity we're talking about I think falls largely into four main categories. We want to make sure that if there's network traffic to a suspicious destination or from a suspicious address that we spot that. Access to files, we want to make sure that workloads are only accessing files that we expect them to access. We only expect our workloads to run a certain set of executables. I often use the example that if my engine X pod suddenly starts running a cryptocurrency minor executable that's probably not what it was supposed to be doing. So we can particularly in a microservices environment, in a cloud native environment, we can often reason about what executables we expect to be running and what file activity and network activity we expect. And also we're interested when an executable appears to have or a process appears to have more privileges or appears to be trying to gain more privileges than we expected. And the way that an exploit of vulnerability kind of takes hold is by escalating privileges. Now all of these different types of activity require support from the kernel. So just to make sure that we're completely on the same page about user space and kernel. We write application code in user space. Whenever we want to do anything interesting, really, certainly anything that involves any hardware, we have to ask the kernel to do that on our behalf. And we do that through the system call interface. So those four categories of things that I was talking about, the file access, the network access, even memory access and processes and privileges, they're all accessed via system calls. Whenever we're doing any of those activities in an application, the kernel will be involved. So if we want to spot those potentially suspicious activities, if we can look at how the kernel is behaving, then that could be a mechanism we can use to spot potentially malicious activity. And we've had several mechanisms for doing this over the years. And many of these are available in open source or proprietary tools today. I'm going to just run through these pretty quickly. But LD preload, is anybody here familiar with LD preload? I'm guessing so. It's quite often used for kind of red team work, I think. Ptrace, I'm sure a lot of you have used Ptrace. Setcomp, I'm sure you've all come across. And then finally we will turn to some things we can do with EBPF. So LD preload assumes that your application is using the standard C library to make those system calls. So whenever you're going to do those operations that require support from the kernel, you'll actually do that by making a call via the standard C library, which gives you an abstraction for those system calls. And with LD preload, because that library is typically dynamically linked, we replace the standard one with an alternative one, which might just be a thin shim layer that does some detection and then passes through to the normal standard C library. And that's all well and good except for if you're using statically linked applications. For example, if you're using Go applications, they don't use the standard C library. They have their own statically linked interface to SysCalls. So LD preload is a perfectly valid way of trying to intercept what the user space application is asking your kernel to do, but it can be pretty easily bypassed, especially these days with lots of Go applications. So then we get to the category of tools that hook into the top layer, if you like, of a SysCall being processed within the kernel. And Ptrace, SetComp, and EBPF-Kprobe, what's called a Kprobe, that hook into this sort of initial processing of a system call. And they all have the same problem. It's actually been well understood in the kernel community for a very long time, and it's turned out to be, you know, it's the kernel working as designed. If you look at the system call parameters when they're very first passed into the kernel, the kernel hasn't had a chance to inspect those yet. Oh, I've just remembered I was supposed to be doing a demo before I go into this thing. So let's just do detecting a system call with EBPF. So this is a very, very simple, the simplest of EBPF programs. This is going to run in the kernel. And I'm going to attach this to the system call for changing the permissions mode of a file. I'm using a Kprobe. A Kprobe is a kernel probe. It's attaching to the entry point of this function. And I also have some user space code that loads this function that's not really that important for this demo. So let me just make this tool. Let's make this little tool. OK. This tracing that it's going to generate is going to go into a kernel trace file that I'm going to just start piping the output from. And I'm going to run my little... Oops. I have to be root to do this. Hopefully I can type. OK. So that's running. If I look at the BPF programs that have been loaded into this virtual machine, we can see one here. It's a Kprobe called Hello. That's my application successfully loaded into the kernel. And now if I try to change the mode of a file, we'll see some trace generated. Very, very simple trigger to detect that that system call has been triggered. So that EBPF program was triggered at the entry point to that system call. And it suffers from a well-known time of check to time of use issue that affects all of these tools that hook into that first point where you start processing system calls. This was very well explained by Leo Di Donato and KP Singh at Cloud Native EBPF Day last year. And the exploits that... A demonstration of exploiting this was shown at DEFCON 29 last year. It's called Phantom Attacks. And it can affect all of these tools that inspect parameters before they've been copied into kernel data structures. What we need to do to avoid being vulnerable to this time of check, time of use issue is we need to look at the parameters to assist call after they've been copied into kernel memory so that there's no possibility that the parameter has been changed before it gets copied into the kernel. And there is a well-known way to do this. It's called Linux security modules. So the LSM API is a stable interface within the kernel that gives dozens of function call hooks where relevant information has already been copied into kernel data structures. Essentially all of these function calls on this API are the kernel saying here you are, here's a data structure perhaps that describes a file or describes a socket. Here it is. This is what I'm about to act on. Do you have an opinion on that? Is this malicious in some way? Are you okay with me to go ahead and do this operation? So Linux security module function calls are a safe place that don't suffer from this time of check or time of use issue. With BPF LSM that you heard referred to in the LOXE talk, we don't have to use a kernel module. We can use EBPF programs hooked onto those LSM function calls. So we're using that stable interface. We've got these kernel data structures that we can inspect. We can run dynamic programs. We can load them into the kernel as we choose to do our checks on whether or not we think that activity looks suspicious in some way. The other thing that's very cool if we're doing this with EBPF is it protects any process. It doesn't matter whether the process was already running. When you load the EBPF program, it has visibility into everything that's running on that virtual machine. So we can protect against malicious behaviour in pre-existing processes. So let's have a look at an EBPF program. Again, a very simple EBPF program that uses an LSM hook. I've actually got it in here already commented out. I'll just uncomment that. And it's extremely similar to what I showed you before with the K-Pro EBPF program. Again, all I'm doing here is I'm just going to trace out some message. But in this particular example for path to mod, which is a function on that LSM interface, I get this path structure. Let's just compare that to the system call before where we just had a void pointer to a context structure. Here we have a data structure that contains the kernel's pre-populated information about the file that I want to change the permissions on. It makes it very easy for me to find the name of that file. So let me just build this again. And this time I've got... I didn't save it, did I? Let me just remove that. I'm not confident whether that actually did the right thing, so I'm just going to rebuild it. So let's go back the tracing. Both my EBPF programs will be loaded this time. So let's run the application. Let's check the programs that have been loaded. This time we've got the K-probe called hello, and we've got an LSM hook called path to mod. So this time, if I change the mode, we get two traces, one for each entry point. And we can see the name of the file that I was operating on. So that interface is super useful. It's stable. It doesn't suffer from any kind of known vulnerabilities. But it needs a modern kernel. It was only introduced into 5.7. So unless you're running with that kernel or newer, you don't really have the option to use EBPF against that LSM interface. Do we have an alternative? Well, yeah, we do. Just because that is a declared staple interface doesn't mean to say there aren't plenty of other function calls in the kernel that haven't changed for quite a long time. With EBPF, we can hook into anywhere in the kernel. So what if we were to pick other stable, not by sort of declared this is never going to change, but stable in the sense that they haven't changed for a long time, there's no expected reason why these functions would change, and hook EBPF programs into those. And that's what we're doing with a new project that we've added into the psyllium family called Tetragon. Tetragon is actually the open sourcing of something that, as ISOvalent, we've been including as part of our commercial offering for quite a while. So we're open sourcing something that has been used in production in some pretty large-scale deployments. So we know that this is useful and that it really does help our customers or the commercial version has helped our customers detect malicious activity. But now we're making it into an open source project so that we can all use it. So it's using this knowledge of what functions in the kernel are safety use and de facto stable enough that we don't anticipate them changing, and if they do change in the future, well, we'll deal with that, but there's no expectation that they will. And we have the ability to coordinate many different EBPF programs to provide security tooling. In psyllium, we have knowledge of Kubernetes. We have all this contextual information about what processes are part of which pods, which namespace they're operating in, and we can use that knowledge to make it very efficient, filtered in the kernel or filtered in userspace. You might be wondering why it's called tetragon. This is why. The tetragonisca angostula is a kind of bee. There are a few other tetragonisca bees in this family. If you look this up on Wikipedia, this particular bee is a very small bee. It builds unobtrusive nests. It produces lots of honey, and it's considered to not be a threat to humans. I feel that that's very apt as a name for a project that is very small, efficient, resource unintensive, and produces lots of really useful, sweet information for detecting security violations. So context is everything. When you get these, if you define a policy for the kind of security event that you might be interested in, but you want to know what the context was where that suspicious looking activity took place. So we can see that some suspicious activity happened. We can combine it with this information about the Kubernetes context it's running in, and that will be really useful for both determining whether or not it really is something to worry about, and more importantly, as forensics, for trying to track down how the pod got compromised. The other thing that's really different from all of the other approaches that we've seen is the ability to prevent a malicious or suspicious activity. So the kind of kernel probes that we've talked about previously, whether they're EBPF kernel probes for CIS calls, or Ptrace, or any of that kind of family that hook into the early point of system calls, what they will do is notify a user space application which can then take some preventative action. And that could be as simple as just killing the process that's responsible. But the problem with this approach is that it's asynchronous. And between spotting that there's some malicious activity, if you have to notify something in user space and then take your preventative action, it may be too late. There may have been time to exfiltrate some data or change something that allows an exploit to kind of persist into the future. What's different with Tetragon is that we can asynchronously trigger a SIG kill from within the kernel. So as soon as we detect a malicious event, we can kill the process immediately. And if the demo gods are with me, we will see that in action. So I have a kind cluster here with a few pods running. And I think at the moment we have tracing policies as the name of security policies that Tetragon enforces. And I'm just going to run... Well, I'll start by showing you the raw logs from Tetragon. There will be some... Whatever's been happening in the past will appear in this log already.  Not very human readable, but you can probably make out these Jason structures describing the event. We can see here this one is a process exit. By default, Tetragon will tell you about all of the process entries and exits that happen. So, basically, whenever a new executable is started or stopped, you'll get a log. So what we can do with this output is pipe it into what we actually internally for a long time before we knew we were going to call it Tetragon. We just called this the amazing CLI. And I'm going to filter out... So we just see... We just see things happening in the default namespace. So, again, there's some historical... what's been happening before going on. So, if I exec into, let's say, an X-wing fighter, and I'll run a bash here, and we can see immediately that we've seen a process started for bash. Is that big enough for you all to see? Is that okay? I see nodding, that's good. Okay. So, let's say we want to protect files in the etc directory. And I have a policy here that will do that. Did I use underscore or dash? Let's see. Oh, I'm in the wrong directory.  And let's take a look at the etc one. Now, Tetragon policies are actually pretty low level. They allow us... We can think of Tetragon as an engine that allows us to attach policies into these generic points across the kernel. In this example, we're using a kernel function called fd install. And that's essentially when the kernel has a file descriptor that it kind of has in its hands. And we're essentially going to follow with this policy any actions that happen on that file descriptor. And we're also going to be interested if there are some read system calls, close system calls, and if we go down to the end write system calls. So essentially, with this policy, we can track when anybody opens a file. Oh, I missed the bit where it matches on slash etc. OK, so we'll see any file being opened, reading, writing, and closing events on files inside the etc directory. So let me apply that policy. And if I were in my X-ring fighter to... Let's try and edit the password file. OK, we're allowed to. There's nothing preventing us from doing it, but we can see data about it. We can see that here the file has been opened and then 1,200 odd bytes have been read from it, and then vi apparently closes the file while it's showing it to you. OK, so suppose I am the... I don't know, rebel commander, and I want to stop people from being able to change passwords in my X-ring fighters. Perhaps what I should do is have a policy that not only tells me that it's happening, but that prevents it from happening. I have another version of basically the same policy, but this time I've added in a kill action. This is part of the write. So when we match on a write operation, we're going to issue a kill to this process. So let me apply this version of the policy. This is a kill, and we're going to come along, and we see the detection of open, read, and close. Let's say we want to add in... Maybe I'm on the dark side and I want to add an account for a stormtrooper. Let me try and write that file. We can see here, it's a kill. Did that happen in time? Let's find out. Let's look at that file and go to the end of the file. There is no sign of permissions for the stormtrooper. So we were able to intercept that write operation before it took effect and killed the process that was trying to perform it. So file operations is just one example of the kind of things that we can build profiles to protect against with Tetragon. We've got a ton of examples in the repo. We can protect against all of those categories of suspicious or potentially the kinds of behaviors that we might find suspicious be that network activity, file access, memory access, privilege escalation. If you come and find us later in the week, I think we will have on the stand, on the psyllium stand, we should have a demo for detecting privilege escalation. And there's, you know, example tracing profiles for a variety of different things you might want to protect against. One thing to be aware of, though, is because it's quite a general purpose engine, you could write a policy that just looks at the entry points to syscalls and would still have the same time of check to time of use issues that we've seen with other tools. So you do have to be a little bit careful about what policies you write and how you apply them, but we have lots of examples there. So go check out psyllium Tetragon, put a star on it, that would be great. It's EBPF based, so it's very lightweight and high performance. It doesn't rely on a kernel that's so modern that none of you are using it. I'm pretty sure that all of you will be using kernels that are compatible with Tetragon. It gives you that contextual information about Kubernetes, and I think most importantly and most excitingly we can block events before they happen if they're suspicious. So, yeah, come and see us during the rest of this week. Check out the project on GitHub. I also want to mention a book that my colleague Nathalia Ivanko a Jed Salazar worked on called Security Observability with EBPF, which talks a lot about Tetragon and how you can use profiles to detect and prevent different types of security relevant events. So with that, thank you very much. I hope you are excited about EBPF because I really am, and do come and find me or my colleagues during the week, so that we will chew your ears off about how excited we are about EBPF. So, thank you very much. Do you want to do a question? Yeah, I think we have time for a question. Do you have any questions? Questions anybody? I see a question. Thank you. Thank you very much for the presentation. I have the question about context. Is it easy to link, for example, do two types of detections? For example, would be an interactive session and then the process of spawning doing suspicious activities? Or it needs to be events happening only on that's called in particular? So, because Tetragon is so kind of general purpose, you can write the profile to, I mean, in the example that I showed there, it had like three system calls because they're all related to that particular file descriptor. So it's not just any old file. It starts with that FD install that says, here is a file descriptor that I'm interested in because it matches, slash, et cetera. Now, if I see any subsequent activity related to that file descriptor, be it a read, a write, a close, then I'm interested. So it's kind of all in the way the profile is constructed, how you link the context of those different events in the profile, if that makes sense. Perfect. Thank you very much. Any more questions? Okay. Just a quick one. Just wondering for, I'm not too familiar with the interface, the SM API, but how does it handle buffers in the kernel? If you're writing to a file where, you know, you're writing one byte at a time, is it able to inspect the entire buffer? I would refer you to LSM hooks, the header file that will tell you all the different. Now, actually, that is, that does make me think a sort of important point where if you want to use the LSM interface, you can, but you don't have to. And actually what we've used in Tetragon is not the LSM interface because we've chosen to use some different entry points. Specifically about buffers, I'm sure we can find someone to answer specifically. Thank you. Yeah. Thanks Liz, this was a great talk. Thank you.


At the end of his talk entitled video games in the human condition, a member of the audience pointed out something interesting to Jonathan Blow. The similarities between him and the late author David Foster Wallace. Curious, are you familiar with the work of David Foster Wallace at all? I have only read a little bit of his stuff, but I do plan to read more, actually. Okay, because I know tons about him, like unreasonable amounts, but I was noticing a few parallels with what you were talking about. And as you were developing the lecture, it seemed to get to be an almost eerie parallel, how you guys were exploring a lot of the same conflicts in totally different contexts. Even where you were kind of dissatisfied with exploring grand ideas in language because it's inherently linear, he kind of felt frustrated by the linear nature of novels and how it didn't really reflect the way he felt like he had to construct reality from thousands of discrete data he received every day to the nature of boredom and does it have value and how a lot of postmodern tricks in literature really serve to either entertain the reader without doing a whole lot or serve the darker purpose of telling the reader, look how smart and author I am. And a whole ton of other things. Yeah, I'm not surprised. Certainly because he was a writer, he was trying to do pretty different things. But there is always that, I feel like if you're good at the medium you're working in, you see it's limitations. I see a lot of limitations of game design and we're still figuring out what those are obviously, but at least I feel like it's early in the game. Games are going to evolve a lot more, so I can't get frustrated with the limitations of game design yet and we just haven't figured out how to do certain things. On the surface the similarities are apparent. Both are viewed as visionaries in their respective mediums. Both create somewhat impenetrable works of art and both are enigmatic, elusive and mysterious. Blu admitted his lack of familiarity with Wallace to the insightful audience member, making the even deeper commonalities in their work that much more interesting. What commonalities you ask? First, both have said that they were frustrated with their respective mediums' linearity and so devised works that broke from that mold. It seems to me that reality is fractured right now, at least the reality that I live in. The difficulty about writing about that reality is that text is very linear and it's very unified and I anyway am constantly on the lookout for ways to fracture the text that aren't totally disoriented. I mean you can take the lines and jumble them up and that's nicely fractured but nobody's going to read it, right? So there's got to be some interplay between how difficult you make it for the reader and how seductive it is for the readers willing to do it. The end notes were for me a useful compromise although there were a lot more when I delivered the manuscript and one of the things that the editor did for me was had me pair the end notes down to really be absolutely essential. The reason that I make games is because at some point I found myself wanting to get ideas that are pretty grand and they don't lend themselves very well to linguistic explanations because language is very serializing, right? And if you want to get it something that's extremely multi-dimensional and extremely nebulous and yet extremely important to people if you're doing it through this process where you have to un-serialize all this language and then somehow rebuild it into this thing it's a very difficult and error-prone process that doesn't exactly work. Video games, you know, like film for example is different because it gives you this higher bandwidth experience and you can do stuff visually in ways that you can't exactly do in other media and video games have, you know, because they have interactivity they allow you to explore a space and because they allow you to explore the space they allow you, because they allow a player to explore the space they allow the designer to communicate the shape of that space more implicitly than you can with language because it is found as opposed to told and that's important that's part of why the medium is respectable as its own thing and it's not just like film with interactivity or whatever, right? Blows games' braid and the witness explore the distributed set of ideas about the nature of redemption, truth and everything in between but has to be pieced together by the player Similarly, Wallace's works of fiction the broom of the system, Infinite Jest and the Pale King employ interesting devices like a disjointed narrative structure and end-notes to inject some nonlinearity into the narrative proceedings Another interesting commonality is their critique of fun and entertainment Jonathan Blow gave his speech where he lambasted game designers who use manipulative techniques to keep people playing and has even proclaimed this as actively unethical design Similarly, a core theme of Infinite Jest is this very impulse how humans are their own worst enemy when it comes to consuming entertainment so much so that we do it to the point of our own death He also wrote a famous essay called E. Unibus Plurum that argues how TV has absorbed avant-garde literary methods and turned it into entertainment, defanging it of its subversive potential Both of their works are often described as not fun even by their respective fans despite the fact that Blows games have a lot of conventionally fun mechanics and Wallace is known for his sparkling sense of humor Finally, and this is the comparison that is most interesting to me both think that we can use fiction to inquire into questions of what is true in the world What does this mean exactly? Blow has given talks where he suggests that the systems we build are actually exploring truths about our physical universe citing examples like the Mandelbrosa by using the fictional interface of games Similarly, Wallace wrote an essay called The Empty Plenum where he heralds the book Wittgenstein's Mistress a sample of interpret me fiction a genre of fiction that explores an idea using the fictional interface of literary construction The witness is an inquiry into the nature of truth seeking itself using a symbolic language of its own and the broom of the system explores ideas of the psychology of words and language both different conceptions of understanding the nature of truth subjective and objective Both Blow and Wallace have artistic ambitions with their work with their robust comprehension of the humanities but they are also both exceptional at more technical fields Wallace being seen as a prodigy in logic and math and Blow himself now inventing a new programming language through which to make games It's a fascinating comparison one which I'm not entirely sure what to do with that can just be classified as coincidence at worst and synchronicity at best but perhaps both their minds are pointing us towards something deeper about the nature of fiction, truth, entertainment and the human condition Maybe fiction can inquire into truth better than science itself Maybe non-linear narrative is the future of art Maybe fun should be viewed as both a troublesome and subversive aesthetic and maybe genius comes from a genuine understanding of both the sciences and the humanities There's stuff for me about reading that isn't like looking at a piece of art because there I choose how long I look and what I look at I'm being directed through a linear flow of time but in a piece of music or in a movie that flow is directed for me I've really got no choice but to follow it where as books it's weird I'm moving through time through this thing but I can also, I don't know whether you do it or not but if I've read a paragraph I just like a lot I go back and I read it over again so I'm trapped in time but I've got more mobility within that time It seems to me that the biggest split isn't between music and literature or music and sculpture There are forms of art that offer us escapes from ourselves and our daily lives and I think that's fine in small doses and then there are kinds of art that offer us more sort of confrontation I can't remember which American writer it was I heard him speak and he said that his job is to comfort the disturbed and to disturb the comfortable Contemplating these dazzling jewels of wisdom and eloquence gives rise to an extraordinary feeling A potent, rare and precious emotion with the potential to completely upset your life An emotion powerful enough to make a man abandon his wife and children forfeit career and reputation lay down his possessions and follow his heart without questioning That sweet, sweet fusion of wonder and fear irresistible attraction and soul-numbing dread known as awe If you play games think about that feeling of awe like something that's more important than anything else in the world to you You might have felt a little bit of that reading a novel or seeing a film or seeing a beautiful painting or sculpture and you might ask what kind of game would it have to be to evoke that feeling And what does that game look like?