Hi guys. Welcome back into the Independent Investor Channel. My name is Ryan. I do these periodic reviews. I don't do them very often at the Thrift Savings Plan for you guys that are military members, both reserve and active duty component, as well as civilian employees that are eligible to contribute to the TSP. This testimonial is one that I offer that drops you right into my specific account, the specific allocation, explain a little bit about the aesthetics of the Thrift Savings Plan website. Yes. But also to explain a little bit about the top end managed funds as well as the lower end self directed funds, that of which I'm involved in specifically. Stay tuned. I'm going to drop you into the account and we're going to check the performance here over here and check my allocation and kind of explain some of the features and functions within the Thrift Savings Plan platform. Guys, stay tuned. So this is an opportunity to jump into the Thrift Savings Plan. This is made available to military, all military and government civilian employees. This is part of the government pension program for a lack of better terms. It's an investing opportunity that is very, very streamlined, very, very simple in its application. They've made it that way on purpose and it's a great, great program. And it really is. It adds a first layer of any investor's opportunity. So if you are in fact out there and you are a military member, number one, or you're a government employee and you do have access to the Thrift Savings Plan, then you can benefit immensely from tutorials like this and really see how I've been able to build up a program within the TSP, at least get an introduction to the aesthetics of the Thrift Savings Plan website, which they've just recently revamped. I think they've done a really good job of streamlining it. They cleaned up some of the access protocol, which was absurd for a while. But this is the front page of the TSP here, which identifies the managed aspect up on the top here with the YELL funds going all the way to L2065. That's the target date for retirement quasi-retirement date being defined as the date that you would maybe need to access this money, not necessarily this target date that's identified. But I don't participate in the life cycle funds. I am an advocate of them. I think they're great for anybody who wants to engage on the strategy of passive investing. I do. This is a very, very low cost. This is managed by BlackRock. Very low cost opportunity to enter into these, put it on autopilot and forget about it. My understanding is that now, for the blended retirement system, your funds that are coming out of your paycheck automatically are going into a life cycle program, which I think is a step in the right direction. For many, many years there have been a lot of service members and government officials alike who have unknowingly been contributing to the government securities fund, which is the G fund. And statistics show as high as 50% of people were subject to that ill-advised funding and cost themselves some performance over time. But I digress and this is my account here. You guys can see here the allocation that I've got at the bottom, the contribution allocation, which means that when dollars flow into this account every two weeks, 75% of those dollars will flow into the C fund. Now the C fund is the S&P 500. I'm not going to get into the specifics. You can actually go up here and find fund information within the TSP if you are in fact eligible to contribute to. But these two graphs at the bottom here show this is the dollar cost average funding schedule, the contribution allocation. That's a fancy way of saying dollar cost averaging, which is another fancy way of saying these are the dollars that flow into the account every two weeks. And so this doesn't change. Now the account distribution can change a little bit over time based on the performance of each individual fund. Okay, so even though I've asked this target allocation to be set at 70%, we're a little underweight here at 69.68, not too shabby. Now these are self-directed accounts on the bottom here. I do a very, very simple allocation to these accounts and you can see how these have changed a little bit over time. But the bottom line here, just over 46,000 here, this was started in 2011. So I've owned this for about 10 years. So it helped you gauge a little bit if you're a new military member or a government employee, etc. And you're looking to get started. You can kind of see what's possible. I started with a 2% contribution and I'm currently doing 10%. A lot of people do a lot more than that. A lot of people do a lot less. I used kind of a phase in type of approach to my TSP opportunity and it worked for me because at the time I didn't have the extra money to contribute to this program. And I've increased it over time as I've moved up and the salary has increased and some of that discretionary surplus income has increased over time. And I've been able to up that contribution. It right now sits at 10%. You can see here the PIP over the last 12 months, 33.53%, doesn't get any better than that. You want to be an investor? This is a great way of adding that specific layer. I will say that the strategy that I deploy on this is 100% passive. I do not mess with this. I invest in it and I let it go. This is an investment that I took a stake in. I have before transferred funds and I know a lot of people ask me about that. I think that that's a futile effort and I think for the most part most people will end up damaging their portfolio if they're opting to always try to time the market and say, okay, well, I want to go to the safety of the G fund. The market will turn right around and continue to go up on you. So don't try to get too cute with it. Just set it and forget it. And I've done very, very well by opting for that level of strategy. I will also say to jump in and really talk about this, I always cover this as super, super important in that most of these contributions go into the member Roth. And I will say it again, most of these contributions go into the member Roth. I am on the Legacy TSP program. I was ineligible to opt into the blended retirement. I would not have anyway for my own personal reasons. But I am legacy and I am legacy by nature of no decision put to me to opt into anything different than, but I've been doing the member Roth since the beginning. So I started this when the member, the TSP Roth, the Roth TSP came online and I've been doing it ever since. So keep in mind, these are tax protected dollars within this member Roth. So I always try to kick over here and show you how important that aspect of the portfolio is. But this is the baseline, okay? This portfolio may get up above 100, 250. But I don't know where this account is going. I don't really care. I'm deploying a strategy within this and it's 100% passive and it is an aspect of my total comprehensive portfolio. I don't mess with this. I deploy one specific strategy and that's good enough for me. But for you guys that are looking at the prospects of the TSP, hopefully this helped you introduce the aesthetics of the website, what's possible, the difference between the life cycle funds and the individual self-directed funds, and what these DCA contribution models and the account to break down actually provide to you in way of information. So with that, we'll kick you back and we'll conclude the video. All right, guys. Fantastic. We've come out of the Thrift Savings Plan Review. The real nuggets and takeaways to understand that this is just one of multiple layers in my total comprehensive portfolio. I would encourage each and every person that has eligibility to contribute to the TSP to do so. It's a great way to build wealth over time with very little effort. All you really need to do is establish the allocation that you choose and fund it up over time. And it's performed very, very well for me in a relatively short amount of time. If you could have $50,000 in less than 10 years, would you do it? And I think that's the golden question that a lot of people need to answer. And I haven't been contributing to this at 10% for very long as disclosed in the video I've contributed to start 2% of my pay. The $50,000 that I wouldn't have missed otherwise now have been able to grow into a fairly sizable amount and look into scale that to the masses. Because I think a lot of people would be attracted at the prospects of having some net wealth and the Thrift Savings Plan and really resonating with the testimonial that I provide through the example that I do. If you appreciate the content and make sure and subscribe, leave your comments at the bottom of the video and share this message with those government employees active duty and reserve military component out there that are eligible to the TSP. Don't know much about it. Let them know I'm sharing the message through social media they can come consume the content free of charge and get some awesome information about how it can perform over time. And more importantly, how it can relate in your life guys. Thank you so much for tuning into the message and good luck in your investment future.


Hello, everyone, and welcome to this webinar on religion and data in the UK. First, some introductions. I'm Ali, and I'm based at UCL, also presenting our Tom Clemens, based at the Scottish Longitudinal Study at Edinburgh University, and Yassine Kooja, who's based at Goethe University. This is just UKRI. They have various data and method services that they fund, and these are the ones. And then also there's a webinar on language and data in the UK, which is happening next Wednesday on the 25th of March, again, from 3 till 4pm. And you can go back to UK Data Service to see details of this. So today's webinar, Yassine will be presenting on religion in understanding society. Then I'll present on religion data, which is available in the ONS Longitudinal Study, which covers England and Wales. And then Tom will talk about religion data available in the Scottish Longitudinal Study. If you have any questions, we won't have time to answer them as we go along. So if you can type them into the questions box, and then we'll answer them at the end. So over to Yassine, who's going to present about religion data in the understanding society. So my name is Yassine Kutia. Welcome to the webinar on Investigating Religion in the UK. I hope the connection works. My name is Yassine Kutia. I'm a researcher at the Institute of Sociology at Goethe University, Frankfurt Amin. And I will present you some information about how religion is measured and covered in the understanding society data. So my presentation is going to have the following structure. So I'm first going to give you a very brief introduction to understanding society data. I can't go really into depth here. That would be beyond the scope of the presentation, but I just want to make you aware of some of the main components of the UK HLS that you should be aware of to then understand the second part of my presentation where I'm going to cover some of the specific questions that are included in various components, modules, and waves of the UK HLS. Then I'm going to just make two brief examples of papers that use the data on religion of the UK HLS so that you can get some sort of idea what sort of analysis are possible. And then I'm going to end with some final notes on religion and other UK surveys. So let's start. What is the understanding society data? So you may be aware that the UK HLS study is currently the largest HLS study in the UK. It was started in wave one in 2009. And currently there's data available up to wave nine. So each wave usually ranges over two years in which the interviews were conducted, which is good to keep in mind. It's still uprunning, so we can expect to have several additional waves in the years to come. Now the UK HLS consists of four different sample components. So there's a general population sample, the GPS, which has again a Great Britain sample and a Northern Ireland sample that's so far relevant to know as some variables are measured separately for these two samples. And jointly they consist of about 40,000 households, even more, there are even more interviews because sometimes there were several people, of course, interviewed in one household. Another sample component is the BHPS. So that was basically the predecessor of the UK HLS. And at the time when the UK HLS started, there were still some remaining households within the BHPS, the British Household Panel Study. And those were incorporated into the UK HLS at wave two. And yeah, I'm not going to go much into that. There are also some questions on religion in the BHPS, but yeah, I won't cover those. So if you are interested in these, you should have a look at that yourself. Then importantly and interestingly, there's an ethnic minority boost sample, which consists of about 4,000 households from the main, the largest ethnic minority groups in the UK. So that's Indian, Pakistanis, Bangladeshi, Turban and Africans, plus additional interviews with some people from other ethnic minorities. And then there's an immigrant ethnic minority boost sample at wave six, where they basically included an additional 2,900 households of these minority groups and immigrants also to somehow adjust for the attrition of the original sample of the minorities and to allow for really more detailed analysis also based on ethnic minority groups. There are of course also ethnic minority members in the general population sample. And those should usually also be included in any sort of analysis because those are also some of areas of low ethnic density in contrast to the ethnic minority boost samples, which usually only focus on minorities in high ethnic density areas. And yeah, to get the, to make the data really representative, you need to use the weights and include the minorities from both samples to really get some representative analysis. The UKH less has a wide range of topics that are the regular questionnaires that are asked annually, ranging from yeah, health, work, income, education, family life, social life and so on. So that's really good. But then in addition to that, you also have some rotating modules on specific topics including religion. And those are not asked every year, but yeah, in a regular, in regular, relatively regular intervals. And then on top of that, you have something that's called the extra five minute questions that were asked to a subset of the samples. And there you have additional questions, especially related to issues of ethnicity and immigration, which were asked to a subset of the sample and yeah, which allow you to go even deeper into some issues, especially related to religion. And I'm going to say a bit more about that in a minute. So if you want to do analysis, if you want more information, here are just some references to user guides, the general user guide and the user guide to the ethnicity and migration research based on understanding society. And also the website is very helpful. So yeah, there's much more information there that yeah, you can look up yourself. So let's move on to what sort of questions are included about religion in ViewKitchen S. So there's the religion module, which is the main module on religion. And this one includes some basic information. So you have information about the religious background of respondents, then information about religious participation, so attendance, and then some information about what I call now religious belief. And these questions were basically included in the adult questionnaire. They are stored in the file and in Dress. So in Dress is the individual level file, which includes most of the information. There are also different other files, which you will notice if you download the data set. And then here is basically a placeholder. It stands for the various waves, which are labeled as A, B, C, D, and so on when you download the data. So these questions were asked to all respondents in wave one, wave four, and wave eight. The next one is planned for wave 12. And in addition, these basic questions were also asked to new entrants in the extra five-minute sample. So let's go a bit deeper into that. What are the specific questions that were asked? And first, it's important to note here that if you have the data set open, you'll notice that there are different variables that measure religious background for the Great Britain sample and for the Northern Ireland sample. I'm just going to go briefly through the questions of the Great Britain sample with some of the basic descriptives so that you get an idea of what's covered there. And if you want to know about Northern Ireland sample, you can have a look at that yourself, but it's basically the same question, more or less the same questions. But they're measured with different variables. So the OPRLG item is basically just the question, do you regard yourself as belonging to any particular religion? And at wave one, as you see, that was asked to everyone in the data set. And you have about 27,000 people answering yes and then about 21,000 answering no. And that's a filter question because based on what respondents answered here, they either get the question, which religion where you brought up in. So in case people indicated that they do not belong to a religion, then they were asked which religion where you brought up in. And then you see here on the right-hand side the various religious denominations that were used. So also as first option, no religion, then various different Christian religious denominations. Also Muslim Islam as a denomination, and then a few other religious groups. And yeah, that's basically what was indicated. Here is then the question for the respondents who did indicate they belong to a religion, then they were asked to which religion they belong to. And again, that's more or less the same list except of the no religion answer category. And again, most people answered here, of course, some sort of Christian denomination, but now you see already that the case numbers for Muslims is higher and also for the other religious groups, Hindus, Jewish and Sikh and Buddhists. You see here in the upper, in the most upper row, there's minus eight and these are basically the respondents that are covered in the variables for Northern Ireland that I just mentioned earlier. Then the other two questions, religious participation is pretty straightforward, it's a standard question on attendance. How often, if at all do you attend religious service or meeting with answer categories once a week or more, less often but at least once a month, less often but at least once a year, never or practically never or only at weddings, funerals. Then there's a question on religious belief, which is how much difference would you say religious belief makes to your life? Would you say a great difference, some difference, a little difference or no difference? So that was basically the religion module. Now we have the extra five minute questions where you have some additional more specific questions, items on religion and let's walk briefly through those. So first of all, the extra five minute questions consist of three components. So people who belong to the ethnic minority boost sample or to the additional boost that was started at wave six, they were asked these additional questions for all of respondents who belong to these different samples. Then it has a general population comparison sample, which is basically a random sample of the general population sample, which is kind of handy to make comparisons. And then you have ethnic minorities in low ethnic density areas in the GP samples that are also asked these questions to really make the data representative. Within these extra five minute questions, there are again barriers rotating modules and the modules that include questions specifically on religion are on the one hand the ethnic identity module, which is included in the six year rotation. So it's asked at wave two, wave eight, and then at wave five additionally for new immigrants in 16 to 19 years old. Then there's praying frequency, which was asked at wave four and wave eight. And then there's religious practice, which is also at the six year rotation and was asked the first time at wave four and then will be included in wave ten, which is an upcoming wave. So what are the questions that are included here? So first of all, you have questions about the importance of religion to the sense of how people are. And I want just to note here, these are always two variables. And again, the same logic applies here as for the religious background variables. There's one variable, which was only asked to people who answered that they belong to a religion. And then another variable, which was asked to people who said they do not belong to a religion. And then, depending on what they answered, the reference here was to the current religion or to the religion that people were brought up in. So yeah, you have and how important is your religion or the religion you were brought up in to your sense of who you are with answer categories from one to four.  The religion you were brought up in with three answer categories? Yes, no, neither, yes, or no. And then you have, how do you feel when you meet someone who has the same religion as you or the same religion as you were brought up in until you had five answer categories from one very happy side? Very unhappy. Then there's a standard question on praying frequency, which was included at way between four and eight of the extra five minute sample. So here the question was, apart from when you are at religious services, how often do you pray every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, only on specific holidays, less often or never. And then finally, you have the religious practice module, which was so far only asked at way four, where you really have a whole range, a whole set of items that cover whether the religious belief of the respondent affects various behaviors. So eating, drinking, bearing certain types of clothes, marriage and dating, education, decisions for charitable giving and helping, investments, friends and jobs. And here for each of these items, people could respond with either yes a lot, yes a little or not at all. So that's the extra five minute question. So these are basically the main questions that included in the UK HLS. There's some other questions that also somewhat address religion, particularly in relation to discrimination when searching for a job or other forms of victimization and harassment where religious often asked, whether respondents are usually asked whether religion might be one of the reasons for why they were discriminated in the past. So there's much more on these issues, but I didn't include that here now because I didn't think that is something that measures religiousity or religion of respondents self. But yeah, if you're interested in that, you can also look at, find some more information on the website. So now just some research examples. I'm going to go really quickly over that. So there's one paper that I wrote together with Lucinda Platt, which is called Labor Market Entries and Access of Women from Different Origin Countries in the UK. And here we used the item religious beliefs. So how much difference would you say religious beliefs makes to your life in order to explain ethnic variation in labor market transitions of women. So we basically used this as an independent variable to explain labor market transitions. And yeah, the nice thing about this variable, of course, is that it allows you to kind of compare really just between different religious groups, which is often problematic if you use such measures as attendance, where you have really different guidelines regarding how often people ought to attend in different religions. Another paper which uses the UK HLS is by Shannon Kogan. And they basically use the religious affiliation, the religious background measure to create a neighborhood level measurement of religion. So yeah, to the share of people from the same religion in the neighborhood or the share of Muslims and also the share of non-religious people. And they look at how this affects individual life satisfaction. So that's also a very interesting approach that is possible with this data that I wanted to share with you. There are other publications that use measures of religion that I didn't include here, unfortunately. But yeah, you can also look that up at the website and search particularly for studies that use religion here. Then finally, to end the presentation, I want just to make some references to other surveys that also include information about religion. There's the British Social Attitude Survey, which was asked in most years since 1983 and usually covers just some basic information on religion. But in the years 1991, 1998 and 2008 and 2018, it uses the module of the ISSP. So it goes much more into depth about religion. And then there's the Citizenship Survey, which was running from 2001 to 2011, which also includes information on religious affiliation, behavior and perception of religious prejudice. And yeah, you can search the UK Data Service website to find more surveys that include information about religion and yeah, any data set that I mentioned, you can also find on the website of the UK Data Service, including understanding society and access to data from there. That was it for my part. Thank you for your attention. So yes, I'm Allie and I'm going to talk to you about religion in England and Wales using data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study. We're going to start off with a poll. The question is what was the most frequently reported religion among the England and Wales population in 2011 after Christian? And you need to be aware that Christian includes Church of England, Catholic, Protestant and all other Christian denominations. And there are four choices. Hindu, Muslim, Jewish or no religion. Okay, so 67% said no religion and 30% Muslim. Okay, thank you. So the question might seem quite simple, but it's not. You might have changed your religion. So what religions you put down, your initial religion or your new religion? Also, you might have a religion, but you might not practice it. So do you then give your religion or do you put another answer? And also, what about minority or unofficial religions? You'll find out what proportion of people in 2011, the highest proportion and what religion they reported after Christian in 2011 later on in the presentation. But the presentation is going to, first of all, tell you about the Office of National Statistics Longitudinal Study. Then it will talk about religion in the study, dealing with what questions were asked, when they've been asked and how it can be answered. And then briefly, I'll just give you some examples of previous studies that have used religion in the ONS-LS. So the Longitudinal Study is a 1.1% sample of individuals in England and Wales and they're selected if their birthday falls on one of four days in each year. And there is census data from 1971 to 2011. The censuses in England, well, in the UK happen every 10 years. So an individual's census forms are linked from 1971 to 2011 for as many years as they were present. And this gives up to 40 years of data on study members. The data also includes information about people in the same household as the LS member at the time of the census that is being completed. So when a Longitudinal Study member is a child, the information on other members of the household might be about their parents and their siblings. But later on, when they're in their 20s and 30s, the information about other people in the household will be on their children and their spouse. And the data is also linked to some vital events. So that includes births and deaths. Members leave the study through death or through emigrating out of England and Wales. And they enter the study through being born on one of the four birthdays that are used to select the sample or through emigrating into England and Wales and having one of the being born on one of the four days that's used to select the sample. There are two sister studies to the O&S Longitudinal Study. There's a Scottish Longitudinal Study, which Tom is going to tell you about next. That's a 5% sample and the data is from 1991 onwards. And then there's the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study. That's a 28% sample and the data is from 1981 onwards. And both of these studies have more data than the O&S LS does. And there is also information about all three of the studies available on the COALS website. So to use the Longitudinal Study, there are two access routes. You can either do it in person at a secure setting. And there are three of these secure settings in England and Wales. One's in Wales in Newport and there are two in England, one in London and one in Titchfield in Hampshire. Alternatively, if you can't get to one of the secure settings, then you can submit status grips or R code and they can be run remotely for you and then you will be sent the results. But no data is transferred out of the secure setting until it's been sort of cleared for disclosure checking. In addition to that, all researchers using the O&S LS need to apply for research accreditation or already be an O&S accredited researcher. And if you visit the Celsius website, you can find more information on this and how to apply for it. You will also need to undergo secure data training and that all has to be done before you will get access to the data. And before any analysis will be run for you and any results will be sent to you. So, in 2001, that was the first census when religion was asked about and it was asked in question 10, which asks, what is your religion? There were eight tip boxes, starting with none and ending with a writing box for any other religion. The question was voluntary, so there is also a non-stated category in the 2001 religion variable, which is RELP-naught. You need to be aware that the Christian tip box includes Church of England, Roman Catholic, Protestant and all other Christian denominations. However, some people may have ticked any other religion and then written, for example, Catholic in the text box, in which case in that RELP-naught variable, they will have been coded in a category called Catholic. And you need to be aware that the people in that category won't necessarily be all Catholics because the vast majority of them will have ticked the Christian box, first of all. And it might be that people who write Catholic are much more sort of regular, goes to church, being more staunch believers, but equally, it could be that they read the question, saw the text box at the bottom, and completed that without looking at anything in between. Similarly, there are people who write atheist rather than ticking none, although this is less clearly a subset of none than Catholic is a subset of Christian. And since the question was voluntary, none of the values are imputed. So the next slide shows the numbers of people for each religion in 2001, in the nine standard census categories. The missing codes, minus eight and minus nine, were used for LS members who didn't answer the question. And that was about... That was about seven percent. The most frequently reported religion, though, was Christian at about 72 percent. And then the next category was none, which was reported by about 14 percent. In terms of religion, though, Muslim was the next highest proportion of LS members, and that was about 3.24 percent. So as you can see, the sort of next highest religion after Christian in 2001 that was reported was Muslim, but in terms of the next highest category, it was none. The next slide looks at religion in the 2011 census, and it was question 20 in this census, and again, it asks what is your religion? There were eight tick boxes starting with none and ending with a writing box for any other religion. The question was voluntary, and therefore, there is also a not stated category. And that was... And that's in two variables that there are in 2011, RELP-11, and then RELP-GP-11, which groups the variables into the nine census categories. And again, the next slide shows the proportions and numbers of LS members in 2011 and their religion, the religion they reported. So in this case, minus nine, which was no code required, covers students who weren't at their time address, and then minus eight was just an unacceptable text response. The people who didn't answer the question, because again, it was voluntary, they were all coded under minus six, which is missing. That was again about 7% of the sample. So it's quite similar to the level in 2001. Again, the highest or the most frequently reported religion was Christian, but that had decreased to 63% from about 72 in 2001. And then the next most high category that was reported was none, and this had increased to 23% and then 2001 it was about 14. Again, though, after Christian, then the actual religion that was reported, the most frequently reported one was Muslim, and it was about the same at 3.2%. Longitudinal data allows us to look at changes in religion of the longitudinal study members that you can't see by using cross-sectional data. So this table shows religion reported by longitudinal study members in 2001 and in 2011 for those members who responded to the question in both censuses. The central diagonal, which is highlighted in yellow, shows people who reported the same religion in both 2001 and 2011, and the rows show what happened in 2011 for each religion in 2001. So the orange, they might be cells, but they might be kale-pink. They show what happened in 2011 for each religion, sorry, they show what happened for people who were Christian in 2001 and what they reported in 2011. Likewise, the blue cells show people who reported they were Buddhist in 2001 and then the religion they reported in 2011, and the green cells show the same for Hindus. So this table shows the number of LS members who responded to the religion questions in both 2001 and 2011, and this is about 369,000 LS members. The yellow cells on the diagonal, they show the people who gave the same response in both years, so they gave the same religion, and that covered about 306,000 LS members. However, about 63,000 changed religion between 2001 and 2011, and that was about 17% of the sample, and the majority of these who changed religion were Christian, and that was about 73% of the people who changed religion between the two years. So the next table shows the same data, but using the percentages. So here for each religion in 2001, the most common religion in 2011 has been shaded in dark orange, and then the second most common religion has been shaded in a lighter color, so that kind of light orange pink color. If you look at the diagonal ones, then it's Muslims who are the most likely to report the same religion at both time points, and that's about 96% of LS members who responded to the religion question. And the least likely are the other group, and that's about 24% of people. So that's the one diagonal cell which is not shaded in dark orange. Hindus, Sikhs, Jews, and Christians also tend to report the same religion. Of those who stated a religion in 2001 and changed their response to the question in 2011, they usually changed reporting other or none. In contrast, for those LS members who tick none, they see no religion in 2001 and change religion. They usually change to Christian, and that's about 20% of them. So that is this number here. Okay, this is a list of current and previous research using ONS longitudinal study data that also looks at religion. There's one looking at continuity of non-traditional religious affiliation, and that's by Williams, Dennett, and Shelton. Then Sylvie Duburt has looked at the fertility of ethnic and religious groups in the UK, and Rob Henderson and Hattersey have looked at regional patterns of teenage births in relation to social factors in education, and the social factors include religion. There's also a study on mortality in religion, and you can find out more about these studies from the Celsius website. So to access the data for the ONS LS, you can do that through the support unit, and that's Celsius. I'm one of the USOs, the user support officers there. And you can also find out more about accessing the data from the Celsius website. And Tom, who is going to present next, he will tell you about how you get access to the data to the Scottish longitudinal study. So that's the end of my presentation. Thank you for listening, and I just need to acknowledge that the data that's been presented uses the Office of National Statistics longitudinal studies, and that although it contains ONS statistical data, it does not imply the endorsement of the ONS in relation to the interpretation or analysis. So now it's over to Tom. Okay, thanks very much, Ari, and hello everyone. My name is Tom Clemens, and I'm part of the Scottish longitudinal studies here at the University of Edinburgh. So I'm going to be fairly brief, I think, because a lot of what Ari has covered also applies to the SNS. But there's a couple of key differences, I think, between the Office of National Statistics longitudinal study and what we have here in Scotland. It is the SNS, the Scottish longitudinal study, is based on the sensors in the same way as the ONS longitudinal study. We have a slightly larger proportional capture of the Scottish population, so we capture 5.5% of the Scottish population based on 20 semi-random birth dates. This gives us around 270,000 SNS members and around 505,000 household members associated with those SNS members. And similarly to the SNS, this data allows us to cover or examine a wide range of questions, ranging from demographic and economic questions to health, housing, migration and fertility and so on. Importantly, this large population capture that we have allows for quite detailed geographical information, quite detailed geographical analyses, and users are able to provide their own lookup tables for their own specific research projects that can be linked to the SNS. But apart from a few key differences then, the SNS functions in very much the same way as the ONS longitudinal study. So one area that the SNS is slightly different is that we have some extra datasets over there in SNS that we're quite fortunate to have. The main data that we have is the 1991, 2001 and 2011 census. And linked to that we therefore, we also have information around births, deaths and marriages. We also have migration information, which is used in one of the studies that I'll go on to show as an example later on in this presentation. But we also have access to school education information from 2007, so that includes people's census and attainment information as well. We've also linked to environmental information as well as a set of other kind of geographical variables. Quite crucially as well in Scotland, we're very lucky to be able to link the SNS to wider NHS Scotland data, so we're able to link to things like hospital admissions data and other health datasets, quite a wide range of health datasets, which obviously can be studied alongside the data that we already have in the census records, including religion, for example. So I just want to kind of highlight with the slide the fact that all three of these studies are quite similar. Allie's touched on this already, and it's just to note that there is the possibility of doing comparative studies, and that's quite a powerful resource, quite a powerful resource in particular relation to studies interested in religion. And one of the other projects that I'll go on to discuss later on is a good example of this. Okay, so moving specifically to the question of religion in the SNS, we have our religion collected in two sentences. So the religion questions are asked in 2001 and 2011, but not in the census in 1991. Similar to the SNS, the questions on religion were not compulsory, so there is the possibility of selectivity in the response to these variables as noted by Allie earlier. Okay, so I don't spend too much time on these slides simply because they're very similar to what Allie just presented, but here are the questions as they are asked in the actual census. Crucially, in Scotland, there are two key differences in the religion information that we have in Scotland compared to England and Wales, the first being that we ask two questions, so we don't just ask what religion do you currently practice, but we also ask what religion or religion determination you were brought up as, which is quite an important additional piece of information that we have in Scotland. And we'll go on to discuss how that's been used in some of the studies in a second. So both questions are relatively high valid response rates in the 90%, so that's great. But the second key difference that we have in Scotland is that we have separate categories in the Christianity group, so we've separated Church of Scotland and Roman Catholic. Obviously, Scotland has a history of sectarianism and it's an issue that's one of the important in Scotland, which is why the census here in Scotland is differentiated between those categories. So that's been a focus, so a lot of research that's used this information in the SLS already has been to study the issue of sectarianism in Scotland. Okay, so here is the numbers for the religion variable in 2001. So just to give you an idea of the numbers that we have available, you can see that we've got these separate categories for Roman Catholic and Church of Scotland, and those are the two dominant religious groups in Scotland, as you can, perhaps not surprising. But you can see as well that despite the relatively low proportions over the population for some of the religious groups, we've still got relatively high numbers for some group analysis if that's what you're interested in. So that's what religion you belong to in 2001. Now I mentioned before, obviously we have this additional variable which allows us to examine how you were raised and what religion you were raised, which also allows us to see people who have changed their religion from childhood into adulthood. Now this table looks a bit sparse and that's simply because a number of the cells are too small. So for reasons of disclosure control and confidentiality, we've had to restrict the output. So those blank cells will have numbers in them, they're just very, very small and we weren't able to release those. But what we can see from this slide is just an indication of numbers of people who have reported a different religion in adulthood than that of which they were raised during childhood. So most people stick to the same religion from childhood into adulthood. Some switch between some of the Catholics who are here, Church of Scotland and Roman Catholic, but the vast majority are consistent with their religion. So moving on to the religious questions in the 2011 census, so both of those questions relate to the 2001 census. Moving to 2011, the question on the religion for which you were brought up is no longer asked. So that's an important thing to remember. If you're looking to use the SLS, we don't have information on religious denomination you were brought up in 2011, but we do have the standard question about your current religious denomination. And here are just some numbers for the different groups in the 2011 census for reference as well. Okay, so I wanted to just illustrate three research examples showing how the SLS religion information has been used in a number of studies. For most of these studies, they're focused on the issue of sectarianism in Scotland. And I think this particular example illustrates the real value of the information we have in Scotland, particularly around the fact that we have household information, so we're able to see inter-sectarian partnerships and get an understanding of changes in inter-sectarian partnerships over time. So this study was interested in examining how partnerships between, particularly between Catholic and Protestant individuals has changed or has changed with age. So you can see that most, if you look at table three here, most religious partnerships are between the same religious individuals, so Protestant, Protestant, Catholic, and the vast majority of these partnerships, or vast majority of partnerships in Scotland are to people with the same religion or practicing their religion at all. What we can see if we look at figure four is that a lot of us is checking here over time. So particularly among younger individuals, we can see that there are great many, there are less, as proportion less couples that are homogamous, and there are more relationships between different people of different religious denominations. So, and the study might tell us something about the changes in the degree of sectarianism and increasing integration of different religious groups in Scotland, which is quite an important and powerful message and something that's made possible by the data we have here in Scotland. I think another real advantage that we have with the Longitudinal Studies in general is the ability to conduct comparisons across the different developed administrations in the UK. So this was a study examining the potential for differences in mortality risk between different religious groups but comparing those differences between Scotland and Northern Ireland. And the really interesting thing about this study is that Northern Ireland in comparison to Scotland has enacted a number of important pieces of legislation designed to decrease or remove or deal with discrimination, particularly sectarian discrimination, which hasn't obviously occurred in Scotland. So we have quite a nice natural experiment comparing how this type of legislation might have impacted on mortality differences between different groups. What we can see here is that actually Northern Ireland has the mortality differences, you can see it in these red boxes, but the mortality differences between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland is much less noticeable than the same comparisons in Scotland. Of course, this kind of analysis really takes advantage of the similarity between the data sets, the Longitudinal Studies data sets in the UK. Okay, the final example then is as I guess a more simple example but just interested in how religion influences migration. So taking advantage of the fact that we can compare people's locations between different censuses and we can use this to look at how religion plays a part in people's migration patterns with a number of interesting conclusions from that analysis. So that's just a real kind of quick brief intro to what the SLS, what the possibilities are of SLS data, particularly religious variables in the SLS, and yeah, I think that's all I have to say. I'll pass back to someone. I'm not sure who for questions I think. Thank you for listening.


Hello internet! This is Rafael from Hardware Sugar and today we have a tough review ahead of us.  However we want to emphasize first and foremost that Hardware Sugar works for you and not for anyone else who sends us freebies or review units. So let's get right into it with a quick unboxing. We test drove each of them for two weeks through serious FPS gaming, day-to-day emails and replying to our customers on Facebook and Instagram. So let's kick it off with the tough gaming P3 mousepad, the non-slip rubber base at the bottom of the pad makes sure that the only thing moving is your mouse and not the pad itself. The cloth on top is smooth and it breathes, thus keeping my clammy hands from sweating. Some surfaces compel me to expel bodily fluids at the worst of times and while this may sound minor, it can get irritating after prolonged gaming sessions. The mousepad gets all the basics right. However, just like the K3 and M3, they have heavy branding on it all over and I cannot recommend it for setups that have a more minimalist feel to it like my NZXT white build going for myself. I would prefer my mousepad to be pitch black or a snowy white. The tough gaming M3 mouse retails for 900 pesos. I want to emphasize that this mouse is below a thousand in cost and it gets so many things right. For the past two years, I use a Razer Death Adder Elite and most recently upgraded to a Corsair wireless harpoon mouse just two months ago. Both of them have their own problems.  I had to use super glue to stick it back on every three months. The Corsair Harpoon, which I'll be doing a separate review for, suffers from it being too small for my hands. While it was fine for day to day tasks and starcraft, the moment I began to use it for Call of Duty and Rainbow Six Siege which requires a more intense claw grip, I found that my pinky just couldn't handle it as the harpoon is too small for my banana hands. The worst part is that the day after, the hand I used for my mouse was genuinely a little painful and cramping up. The M3 doesn't have any felt grips which peel off and there is enough space for my pinky to ride on the side without it being run over. It is not only comfortable for prolonged first person shooter games but the two buttons which you can use to adjust your sensitivity on the fly is very handy for when you are switching from an assault rifle to a sniper rifle which requires extreme precision while aiming down sight. You might think this is basic but it isn't. My Corsair Harpoon mouse which costs more than double the price of the M3 only has one button for sensitivity. So that means I need to literally go through all the sensitivity modes in one direction. If I want to switch to sniper mode, I need to press the harpoon three or four times and if I over press it then I need to do the whole cycle all over. Why can't Corsair didn't add a second button which seems basic is mind boggling. Note that I don't game every day and I change my mouse sensitivity all the time when I'm doing office work as well. Having two screens requires a lot of space to cover and sometimes you need to get to one place to another faster. As advertised, the 7000 DPI optical sensor makes aiming down sights in Rainbow Six Siege feel precise and genuinely made me feel as though the M3 was an extension of myself to which I could rely on when I needed to land the perfect hit. The two thumb buttons on the left are actually easier to press than the harpoon. The harpoon's thumb buttons were sculpted to look and feel cool but result in them not being flat and easy to press. I find myself afraid when I need to use it for a melee attack or even as a back and forward button on chrome. The M3's buttons may look dull but they get the job done efficiently. The only RGB element of the M3 is on the logo which isn't so bad. However, other gaming mice stick in RGB on the scroll wheel as well but I'd like to emphasize that the M3 is just 900 pesos. The nearest Razer mouse closest to this is the Razer Death Adder Essential and that retails for around 2700 to 3000 pesos which is more than three times the cost of the M3 which again just comes at 900. Yes, there are more comfortable and cool looking mice but nothing comes close to the value you get for this price point. I highly recommend this mouse especially for parents who have several gamer kids in their household who they have to give a Christmas gift for. I guarantee that this mouse won't fail them. It may not have all the bells and whistles but it covers all the basics and it can even compete on comfort and functionality on some mice which are twice the cost.


So as that part of the slide says my name is Steve and as that part of the slide says I'm a geek as You can probably tell from my voice. My accent is English. I am a European despite what the government is saying so That joke doesn't work in the UK for some reason So if we're all in the right talk, this is about debuts asio Which means I'll start off by mentioning what debuts is what asio is and at which point you should be able to work How what debuts asio is all about I'll talk about the existing libraries that solve the same problem And then why we actually built the whole thing again So debuts is an inter-process tool you have a Debuss statement sits here that runs when the system starts You have an application that talks to the debuts library It serializes a function call to the library that debuts Damon then sends it off to another application And then the result is returned via debuts Damon to your application This example is the first one I always play with it allows me to control the screensaver Programmatically not big not clever, but it is kind of useful I know someone's got a chip in their arm that when they walk away from their machine It automatically locks the screensaver with this So that's debuts just communication nothing more asio is a library that does asynchronous communication Generally within sort of networks and things like that. So it's kind of useful for IO programming It's also part of boost but we'll come to that later So therefore Debuss asio is a library that allows you to serialize a function call that in communicates to the debuts Damon Before passing on to another application and as you can probably guess it already exists There are lots of libraries that do this But as always they're never quite what you need it doesn't quite match the use case So the question is well, what is our use case? So our use case are these things That's a bright sign player It's a bedded Linux box and it's used for media for playing video files HK HD 4k files that sort of thing Well, this is what we build and it's embedded Linux and it's got lots of processes and it therefore has to work multi-threaded a Lot of the library seem to have problems with threads. Not quite sure why We've got a million of these things in the field They're running 24 hours a day seven days a week Therefore if you only have a race condition in a multi-threaded application go one once every 10,000 hours normally on a desktop That's fine when you've got this many things. It's going to happen fairly regularly Except when you're actually trying to test to debug it It's also embedded. We've got 32 and 64 bit platforms We want as few dependencies as possible even though it is an embedded platform and it's quite a big platform We still don't want to bring in a whole load of libraries just to facilitate the communications It's why one of the things like qt bus was not available. We were trying to remove dependencies rather than put them back in And as I said, it's an embedded Linux box So we've got a whole load of open source software not that it's important for this But it is important for our license compatibility. So the license has to be good as well So you've got the standard three options you either take an existing project and work on that So you've got to talk to people in the project team You've got to learn the code base you fork it because you don't want to talk to the developers Or you just say no going from scratch I'm going to build this myself and it turned out that this was the option that we have to take So why we built it? Well, we started off Because we needed it. There's too many bugs coming at random points because of race conditions because of threading So we said right well, that's our use case And that's all we're gonna build nothing fancy nothing clever We're just doing the bare minimum we we need so which language should we use I? But go at the top because goes the one I kind of really wanted to use properly in anger Turns out no one else in the company does go and While for some people it's like this is a great career move This makes sure no one ever can ever replace me because I'm the only go person in the company Unfortunately when you take that approach you're the only go person in the company Which means you never get to do anything else or anything interesting you're stuck maintaining your own little projects So it's like not that it's gonna have to be C++ and we'll take version 14 We're not quite bleeding edge enough to ont 17 So 14 is a happy medium and not there's anything wrong with seed by the way I did start my career as a C programmer and there is nothing wrong with this code This is recently decent code it locks everything it unlocks everything it checks for null pointers coming back from memory allocation it unlocked But I don't want to do all of that when the language Will do all that for me fire exceptions and so forth. So it was almost a no-brainer at that point. It's C++ 14 We could have gone 11 And we might have picked up some legacy users who are on 11 code bases Unfortunately that would add to their tech debt as well as ours maintaining an older version of the spec So straightforward to version 14 Which a sync library did we use you already know that it's in the title. It's asio Chosen because it is actually fairly decent and it is by boost Boost has quite a good history of coming up with nice specifications that are taken by the C++ standard And then folded into the next version of the standard. So adopting things with boost seems to be a good win for future compatibilities Another design decision we had to make it's not about the bright sign even though this is a company project it's open source and We don't want to have any of the bright sign stuff in it These books have been made for the last 12 15 years or something like that Which means we've got a very good logging system, which I don't want to use We've got all this kind of streaming stuff. Don't want to use it Sockets code don't want to use any of that The simple reason if I'm saying we can't be using Qt bus or this D bus library because of it brings extra dependencies It would be rather hypocritical if I then started in throwing a whole load of dependencies from our existing code base So didn't do that But it turns out that writing little bits of logging and streaming code isn't actually that complex or takes any real time So two words on the API compatibility We didn't do any Who cares it's it's a new thing if you want to new use new clever C++ things You'll use the new API. So you'll have when you make a call to D bus and it goes through to another Application the result comes back you want it coming back in a callback But not the callback that was cool and trendy 20 years ago in C You want landers because they're new and cool So you're gonna have to use the new API anyway So we might as well make a clean break and not waste time back implementing old APIs So the methods we built it is simple you lock me in a room for three weeks and I churn out code. I Know this quotes about turns coffee into code. I turn beer into code. It works much better So the first step was pre-production. It's the same as you do in the film industry You start in the film industry draw a whole load of boards and you have a little pictures for every scene You're gonna have here. I read through the spec. It is quite long It isn't too dull, but I read through it a couple of times just so that in my head I could see things like oh if I build it this way I've suddenly realized the page 50 of the spec says this thing happens So therefore when I do this I don't do that. It's one of the few times I don't follow the agile approach of just build the very first bit So I know there'll be something later on to trip me up. I did a lot of stuff with D bus send So obviously D bus exists as a protocol and has existed for protocol for about 15 years So there are various tools like D bus send and defeat that I was able to use to look at how the methods were Serialized to the D bus Damon and how the results were serialized back from the other application Also, I use so cat for the first time I don't know if anyone has played with that at time. It is it is what the name says it's a socket concatenation thing and you can just look at all the bites Flowing through from the D bus Damon to your application and back again This was an absolute godsend because by doing this I could look at all the data going forward It's like well spec says it's this I might have interpreting that spec correctly I look at the bytes coming through so cat and yes, I am which was a very good time saver So first things first I built an MVP that did nothing but say hello to the Damon This isn't me trying to be clever the very first thing you have to send to the D bus Damon as an application That wishes to use D bus is the word hello if you don't say hello It will throw you off it will close the socket and say bye-bye be more polite next time So I wrote a thing that said hello to the Damon I sent the messages that I'd already grabbed from so cat and I just sent them as big binary blobs and it worked I thought great. I then started building up that binary blob Programmatically saying I know what this calls. This is calling a lock command to the screensaver I'm gonna then program this in and I've written that so I could write a line of code That would lock the screensaver in my world That was really great. I then delete. Oh, yeah, I did tests if the boss asks I did tests What I then did is I deleted all of this and I started again Why well you just do you learn various things about getting stuff up and you think there's a few bits of crafty rubbish in here I don't want that going out. So I'll start again knowing what I know now. I can do a better version next time So the guy think the code is a lot better It also means when the boss saw my very first implementation. It was actually my second Which means they now think I'm slightly better than I really am Well, I started building it for real I started with threads I knew we had to do threads threads was one of the driving factors to this So I made sure that the threads were in there at the very first first day of coding It helps because it means they're gonna get tested for the longest and I know that's where problems are gonna come in So started everything with threads. It's the same as if you do security You don't add security as a feature at the end of the product unless you're doing IOT stuff I guess but it's meant to be there at the ground level. Everything is based on security. Everything here was based on the threads. I Use callbacks with landers because I like landers And it's easier to send data than it is to receive That might sound kind of obvious if you've spoken of a foreign language You'll realize that it's much easier to power repeat something the teacher has told you then actually understand what someone is saying With the reading of data, it's really really difficult because we're dealing with serial data here and Zero data as we know is what book book? unfortunately If you've if you're pushing some serial data out and you make a mistake You're not going to realize until it actually crashes There's no real security or protection for you reading too many or too few bytes of serial data So you get the first message in you then get the second message which you've badly passed You then get the third message which says I've got a string which is four billion characters long and then your program stops here Not here where the error occurred So there was a lot of things you have to do there and the simple data types point It's because D bus allows you to send integers and strings and arrays Because it's serial you can't just jump over a block you don't understand So you have to get a lot of things in place before you can even run the simplest of tests when it comes to reading the data in The problems as we say the serial protocol they put padding on the spec which is great We like padding it means it's nice and fast when it gets into CPU land But there was always the question of if I've got a string that is zero bytes Does this mean I now because it's already padded to four bytes if the string is zero it's already aligned So does that mean I add zero bytes of padding or four bytes of padding? And I found that out, but the hard way by trial and error It also means you there's various other side issues where you're trying to do padding and he's like well I've got three bytes. I've got to get the next one in as padding Variable data types Yeah, the fun thing with C++ being a strongly type language is when you've got a protocol such as this which supports any data types You can't just say well, I'll I'll cast it to a void pointer and then I'll just do something clever later on So I discovered the thing in boost called boost any which essentially allows you to do data types as a union So the same variable can be a string or an integer or Array for that matter and going back to what I said earlier things in boost tend to find their way into the standard Halfway between writing the first line of this talk and the last line of this talk turns out boost any is already in the standard It's in the 17 version. So again, it was a good choice to make these sort of things future compatible And here is an example of the code running. It's pretty simple.  I'm here method call and then you just Hook on to the network Marshaling is what they call serialization So when you have a method call that you serialize the center the D bus statement in D bus world That's cause that marshaling and un-martialing Schedule wise it took me four weeks. I said three weeks earlier That was three weeks of work one week of meetings emails stated reports all that sort of you know These is going for lunch all the auxiliary things you have to do to support yourself as a developer Probably around six weeks of reviewing casually here and there Excuse me. This is the practical reason Much nicer than water As you can see from the last joke far too long working out the names I wanted to call it depot Because then it would be D bus depot But judging from your reaction. It was probably right not to call it that So we went with D bus as a oh as sort of a mindshader say we have as a oh here so conclusions Sometimes you do actually have to rewrite things. It's not very open-sourced We we don't need or should be rewriting reinventing the wheel every time but every now and again You get to the point of well, we just have to it is going to be quicker and more effective in the long run We had a lot of good solid use cases Because we've got the players we know what we're going to be sending as far as the bus messages go We chose the proper language Step by step debugging comes first so whenever I write code. I never run it I just step through it in the debugger to make sure it's doing what I think it's actually meant to be doing It takes a little longer to get to the first version but when you get to that first you think I'm pretty sure this is right and Writing protocols is easier than reading them. So that's it I'm a I've got 12 questions seconds for questions, and I'm just gonna update my scorecard. There we go 19 false stems Makes me feel old but thank you five second question a Four seconds a three second question. You've got two seconds to answer a question any Yeah, I'll be outside so if anyone's got any questions call me then so thank you


This is the animation minute Let's start with job offers Micro's animation is looking for crowds providers and lead animators and animators and more so check out at the link for all of the job offers Another job offer and any developer is looking for a 3d animators So check out the tweet for again all of the information and there it is indeed the first official trailer for Tom and Jerry This is a really cool post with a lot of tips and trips for negotiating job offers Really make sure to check that one out. Here is speed lines a new tool from Maya and I will be reviewing this one in the future We talked about Hill the last time and now we know season 2 is coming out December 14 If you like the classic Looney Tunes, then you'll be happy that there is a Bugs Bunny 80th anniversary collection out Let's move on to personal clips and this one is by Kevin and it's so good. Make sure to check out the whole thing with sound I Can ever pass up on pencil test and this one is really really neat by Andrew mythical ultra rare mattresses I love that concept. I gotta click on this and show you this is so good Make sure to click on the YouTube link to look at the full clip is a Star Wars anime opening really really cool Nice shop. I dare Brown this one is posted by animation mentor Funky travel bots very funky very tribal very body. I Don't know how you can come up with this But it's absolutely the cutest thing ever and I love the the pole here Melange entre Nabea mouton sit down Last but not least here's a process animation where you can see here at the final cleanup and it goes through Sketches first poses tie downs and so on. This is always super cool to see and that is it Thank you for watching animation minute, and you'll find it every Monday at 8 a.m. On this channel


What's up guys and welcome to trendy updates upon SPM buzz now unto the trending news today is a popular comedian jugush who has finally responded to musician Jua Khalifu saying that he is not good at stand-up comedy now jugush comes back to kenya after selling out a ttnt 4 in adelaide melbourne or parthen sydney and now they are back in kenya and jugush at the airport was responding to those sentiments and of course the online opera that has been going on between jugush of fans and others and now jugush said that they are so grateful to their fans for coming out and of course celestine mentioning the team that is so close to them aliazaku taja abel mutua edi butita na piya judi nyawera wa kiwa manga to people that have supported their shows ahadi zikakua successful zote now jugush also responding to jugali said that art is very subjective kwaevo nesako unapenda mwingine hapendi and akaezako kwelezea that back in the days when he was shooting real housewives of kawanguare most people said that they were going nowhere lakini sasauki wangaliya they are selling out into national shows and even people started commending his work when lupita said that she finds a real house of kawanguare very funny and that jugush is blessed kwaevo kamao yui blessing jugushi lito kawa pinuakati lupita alieza kumueta and jugush is a blessed and you know jugush also mentioned about the digital era na akaezaku sema people were bashing the digital content lakini sasa digital is where everything is going akaezaku sema that they are on the right track na iya sentiments zawa tu pali kwa mitenda wuki dogwa zidya mugu zata kidogo kwa sebabu he knows he is on the right track kwa sababu aneza kufanya zile shows na zina ja aya basini teza kukusomea pali kwenye comment section you know what people are saying sa kul ana sema respect you bro alafu kuna feidumu rugi ana sema ujinga na wevu zawatum siskize you are a good team azul muangi says let's learn to accept criticism to build ourselves and in the same perspective let's learn to give out of flowers art is very broad musician can do repetitive performances because their art allows them for comedy it's a tricky hence why you see most people complaining of njuguna's art history the only way you can get away with repetitive comedy is by pulling a kevin hart na aka malizia pali kussema for writing jokes and doing research for you you need to get a team that been said a stand-up comedy sioraisi na kutekesha wa kenya ni kibarua and ttnt has a paved way for so many congratulations to them ana julika na kama jack ma ana sema aki situkubali maneno ishe juhizi azina come back alafu militant 31 seeds juakali siku zote zaft 10 years badot raskiam zikiake lakini kuna umtua takua relevant asipu skiza critics alafu kuna fred mokaya says why is juakali in any case njugush is out of the world making millions go go juakali hit will crash you let us know down on the comment section what are your thoughts about this situation but in the meantime keep it trendy updates hapa spm birds


Rookie McCaffrey ate it one overall to the edge spin good break it. All right next up. We'll try a pass He is a receiving back. Oh, that's too. Wait, wait, wait, wait the spin is busted the wild cats I'll bring it out.  Go to the house on this McCaffrey got good fast. I want this pitch play to work so bad wait wait wait wait wait wait Let's go McCaffrey All right, we gotta try to pass again get to the edge. Oh, that might be it This one was a little too easy. Let's go. He's in a nighter's unit now I'm giving him the deep one to any one more one more one more


Hey guys welcome back to another video this is week two or basically the end of week two where I'm trying to get better at some calisthenic movements if you haven't seen the first one make sure to watch that first and then watch this video but yeah so like I said I finished a week two I'm working on the front lever and muscle ups and yeah it's been quite the journey so far like some exercises are getting better I feel more confident doing them I can hold some positions way longer but still I'm far away from the front lever I'm not sure if I can do it in 30 days um I have to work even harder but also I need to make sure that I recover better because I've been doing pull-ups every single day and after week two I realized that my muscles were really not sore but really tense so um I had my body and come over to do some body work on me you will see that later with some cupping but yeah I don't want to waste too much time let's jump right into it um and here we go okay so as you guys can see over here um this is one exercise I do daily every single day I do five sets of um this half L set and I hold it as long as possible and uh yeah you can see over here I always try to like completely lock out my arms and then have a 90 degree angle in my knee um and in my hip so it's basically 90 here and 90 there um yeah and then I just hold and also yeah you know play a little bit so basically I'm really focusing on my abs I need to strengthen my core um to be able to hold that front lever and another exercise that I do daily is pull-ups same thing over here I had a conversation with a friend this week about um what's a proper pull-up there are different opinions on it I personally want to do pull-ups a full range of motion what does that mean that means you can see it over here I completely lock up my arms go all the way down and then all the way up um obviously I switch up the pull-ups as well so it's not always a wide grip or close grip so over here I did a pull-up with um basically not knee raises but I tried to do the L set then switched it up again wide pull-ups over here you can tell I'm not I mean I'm fully extended um but I'm getting tired because this I think was my eighth or ninth set of pull-ups yes I do that many um this I just wanted to have in there because now you see how much I sweat um this was also leg day so I did a leg day with Nadim and uh Jan and I threw in my calisthenic movements because like I said it's a challenge I want to be able to do that and yeah so it's a daily grind over here very important very important you see that I get tired I can't even do like see and then I stopped I was like I do a lot of pull-ups and I always try to do them pretty slow uh to make sure that I get the full range of motion like I mentioned a couple times in the first video and I don't know I'm two minutes into the video and I said it like three times this is super important to me because in my opinion if I can't pull myself up from all the way down how am I supposed to you know uh keep my balance up there and keep my body up there so I want to be able to like start from the bottom go all the way up and hold it okay so here we go then um I did the the front lever half front lever where I have my knees close to my body this exercise I'm getting better it feels better um and as you guys can tell I'm like I'm able to hold it way longer and this I have to say was the first time that I extended one of my legs that was interesting so back to this one so I extended my leg for the first time and as you can tell on my expression I'm super impressed by myself I'm like okay I can hold it a little bit that's good it's a good progress then another day um same thing oh did you see my right shoulder like I did I went down and then this popped a little bit like fell down a little bit this was the first sign that I um uh had like a lot of tension in my back because I was just like flexing and I was like I had my shoulder up here and this one too and then I realized that I'm like super tense I'm like oh relax but I only relaxed one leg uh from like one side of my uh shoulder blade and then I had to relax the other one very important because that's why I started doing body work more um yeah I also worked on some hold um and yeah I think you will see that same issue here again where one shoulder blade drops I think it's here let's wait let's wait and up up twitch it hmm I think it's the next one I think in the next one you will see it because I put it in there oh here we go okay so watch my right shoulder blade the next one maybe okay I think now oh did you see that let's pause 3 minute 20 did you see that so it went all the way up all the way down all the way up and then all of a sudden it was like and moved so um I'm so happy that I recorded this because I really have to focus on that um after a couple sets of pull ups I get so much tension in my in my neck because I want to be able to hold it but I need to relax and just really pull into my lats instead of you know trying to pull myself up with my shoulders in my neck you know so that's important it's an important know you probably have I don't know if you know you might have the same issue and if you face that here's the solution relax your shoulders and bring your shoulder blades down and when you pull yourself up don't try to go like in try to go out and up this is this makes it harder but I found that I get way stronger if I really focus on full range of motion and go all the way out and down um I get stronger faster so let's continue boom okay and the hold again okay here again um the front lever with tugged knees look at this like I'm still struggling but I'm so proud of this because now I can hold it for way longer and another day same thing again like I said same routine pull ups front lever tug knees I'm able to hold it now uh the biggest thing over here is to keep your hip up yep here we go and now yeah obviously like I trained some muscle ups too you can see I'm still using a lot of momentum but I'm super proud of myself I was able to do four in a row after my workout where the pull ups and my front lever um tug with tug knees and yeah now I'm playing with you know just one leg extended bring it back in extend the other one and try to go down it's still hard but yeah the face yeah but it feels better it feels better um yeah this is this is it guys let's do this what's the next clip and here we go okay that's enough that was the last day that was uh Saturday this is this is an exercise I do um daily but for some reason I never recorded it um and I'm getting better at it as well uh remember the deadlift when I said in the first video that this exercise is really hard and I don't know how to do it I'm still struggling but it's getting way better like I I know that I have to just um use my lats and really focus on my back when I try to like get my hip up and like close to the bar um and yeah I really like it now because it's so hard but it helps me progress faster this exercise is just yeah I just throw it in there so in my mind I know like you know how to like be up there um here I tried a front lever failed me that was fast um and yeah then again the tucked version of it and now I'm really focusing on the tucked version um to flex my abs and hold this position for as long as possible and like I said now it's it's uh it's fun it's it's really like it it's cool to do it yeah and I ended my workout over here with a combination of wide pull-ups and then close grip pull-ups um as many as possible so I just did three three three three three and I walked over there again um and as you guys can tell again I know it's repetitive but I want to make sure that you guys you know do the full range of motion because I see so many people just hang in there from here and then they do this you will not build the strength to like support yourself up here you know when you're there it's not going to work um obviously over here I'm tired so my arms are not fully extended but yeah that's the video I will keep filming all of the the progressions I want to let you know what I did every single day five sets of the baby L set hold for as long as possible so yeah you just hang there and hold and keep breathing flex your abs and do that for five sets next exercise I started doing pull-ups wide pull-ups full range of motion so I completely dead hang all the way up chin above the bar and then all the way down again also five sets of as many as possible and then I switched it up a little bit where it's like okay these are my five that I do all the time and then I added as many as possible so if you feel like doing another five sets go for it um sometimes I end up at like seven eight nine like in total um but yeah so five ones super wide and then for the for the next ones just switch it up close grip here here do some l sit pull-ups um switch it up what I did in the last set where you have wide three wide three close and switch it up all the time so you hit different muscle fibers to strengthen your back even more and then the reverse deadlift five sets as many reps as possible um I managed to do 10 to 15 on the first three sets and then and then it drastically dropped to like five or six because I wasn't able to like hold that tension anymore and then moving on to the tucked um front lever this again five sets hold for as long as possible and then when you feel comfortable when you are able to hold it longer than 15 or 20 seconds try to extend one leg so one one leg is completely tucked in the knee is really close to your body and then you extend the other one and try to hold it there you will see we'll um increase the intensity by I don't know 400 percent and then for the muscle up it's just repetition I do as many as possible I try to um have at least three or four sets in the end of each workout to um you know just try to get up there obviously I'll always tie it after the first exercise that I did but for me right now the most important thing is the front lever because I'm able to do a muscle up um to make that even better I think starting next week I should just throw in one or two days a week where I only focus on muscle ups um but for now like I said the front lever is so difficult for me that I really want to spend more time on that all right guys so this is the end of week two I'm pretty far from a front lever but I think the progressions and the the the progress to week number two from day one is is pretty impressive for myself like I'm very proud of myself um I definitely have to work harder and more to be able to finish um you know by day 30 and to be able to do a front lever but I will keep doing that I'll keep you know filming everything and I'll see you guys next Monday with another video so thank you guys so much for watching if you haven't subscribed yet please subscribe hit the notification button um and yeah I'll see you next time


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Here's the problem with being a celebrity pastor, especially on social media, is there is a continual push to come up with something new and fresh to push your influence forward, to garner you more popularity, more fame, and more influence, and you're doing that by coming up with new quotes, new ideas, fresh takes, fresh analogies. The pressure is real. One such example from this week was a tweet from Steven Furtick, and I quote, Following Jesus doesn't change you into something else. It reveals who you've been all along, what it would be like to see the you that God sees. Now, if you're just listening to this on the surface level, you might be thinking, okay, look, this is a little pithy, you know, it's a cute little quote that can go into Twitter that's a fresh take on something. Oh man, it stirs the pot a little bit. But as we examine further, this is not a biblical tweet. Now you guys know my mission on here is to help you follow Jesus daily. And part of that I see is just helping you discern some of the content that's coming out online, especially from some of the most popular Christian influencers out there today. Steven Furtick has a huge young adult audience, and it is really harmful when they encounter tweets like this that aren't from the scriptures. Let's just think about this for a second here. So following Jesus doesn't change you into something else. Okay, this first statement is completely wrong, okay? Like, you don't have to spend too much time in the Bible to realize this. And some will say, oh look, they're taking it out of context. And honestly, if you're tweeting out something that needs so much context, that you couldn't understand it, that you're going to basically, if you read it plainly, you're going to get a completely different idea of what the tweet actually is. It's not a good tweet, right? Like there's no excuse to that. If we're just looking at that first sentence there, following Jesus doesn't change you into something else. Well, it literally says, if anyone is in Christ, they are a new creation. Like I know others have pointed this out, and if you exist on kind of Christian media, you've seen a lot of other people address this. But I just want to talk a little bit about this next part. It says, he says here, it reveals who you've been all along. I think there's something significantly detrimental about what he's trying to put forward here. Because what I've seen is within a lot of people that maybe were raised more conservative with this idea that, look, you know, they're really pushing sin, the idea of sin and the idea of repentance. And that's important, right? That is completely and thoroughly in the scriptures, of course, right? But it can go to the extent where once you were in Christ, there is still that kind of nagging and the kind of smashing of shame on their shoulders. A lot of these young people, a lot of young people walking around that grew up more conservative in really generally theologically sound churches are walking around with the tremendous amount of shame because they still feel like they are who they once were. This is what Stephen Ferdic is proposing here is very similar to what we see in progressive Christianity. This idea that we don't need to change, that our shame is purely a result of the societal pressure or parents in our lives or churches or religion. It's anything but God. And so if that's the truth of it, if that's real, then OK, yeah, you're right. I don't shouldn't feel any shame because I've been OK all along. I just haven't seen it and the gospel is all about helping me, my eyes being open to see that I'm actually good. No, that's not what it's about at all. You see, going back to the point about a lot of young people walking around with this shame on their shoulders, even though they are in Christ, it's not that we should say you shouldn't feel shame because shame is just a societal construct. And it's just put pushed on by religion and legalism. It's like, no, you need to understand your new identity in Christ, where he takes your shame on him so you are free. That's what we need to be preaching. That's what we need to be teaching. That's how we need to be discipling because I'm sick and tired of so many people trying to ease the pain that a lot of young adults feel in the mental health issues that they're experiencing and say, look, you just need to feel better about yourself. You just need to, you know, you just need to have better self-esteem. It's like, no, we need to point them to the gospel to see to see who they are newly in Christ, that new identity, because that new identity provides freedom. It provides acceptance. It provides love all by the grace of God. That is a healing thing. It is not healing to live in deception, to think that I've been good all along and I just couldn't see it. It's healing to know that, look, I was once this person. I was once in this place, but God has brought me into his family and he loves me and he accepts me and it's not out of all the stuff I need to do for him. It's not about who I've been all along because I've just been this great person. That's why I should feel good about myself. It's like, no, look, the pressure's not on me anymore. The pressure's not on me to measure up. It's all placed on Christ. So now I can just rest in his grace and his acceptance. Part of the way that I've been sharing the gospel is sharing the good news, the bad news and the good news. The good news that we were created in the image of God that God said it was very good. The bad news is that we rebelled against God and are enslaved to sin. And the good news is that Jesus came to this earth fully God and fully man without sin to live the life that we could not live to die on the cross, the death we deserve to die for our sins against God. And he rose again on the third day, defeating sin and death. One might say that Stephen is trying to point to the kind of good news that I shared at the beginning, that we were created in the image of God. And that is good news.  It's like, no, we were actually born in sin. We have a sin nature within us. So yes, we were created in the image of God, but who we've been all along, we've been dead in our trespasses and sins and to neglect that, to wash over that in an attempt to create a pithy tweet or have a fresh take. It's not right. Perhaps Stephen Furtick thought that this tweet would be healing for people, that when they understand, look, Jesus is revealing to us who we were all along and see ourselves as God sees us, that it would be healing. But it's not healing to live in deception. We need to come to terms with where we're actually at. And if you are not in Christ, then you are in desperate need of salvation, that you are guilty before God. You need help, but Jesus in his goodness, in his grace, he gave his life for you, so that you could be free, so that you could be a new creation, so that you could be accepted. That's the beauty of the gospel. And the heartbreaking nature of some of these pithy tweets from these pastors is that they take away the beauty of the gospel in order to water down the consequences of sin and the reality of our own brokenness. Look, we are broken, and we need Jesus, and we need to be transformed. And to take that away, that's like taking the Christ out of Christianity. At that point, you're just left with a book club. If we're all just okay, and if Jesus is just showing us that we're alright, man, what's the point? But no, we are being brought from death into life, and in that there is so much fullness, and wholeness, and healing. And that's a beautiful thing. And I'm thankful for each one of you that's watching this video, and I just want to invite you in on that, to understand the true gospel, and to begin this process of sanctification and healing. There's truly so much more to be said, and I know many other people have spoken on this topic, so I'm sure if you want to hear other people's takes, or you've perhaps already heard their takes, you can get a lot of different perspectives on this to fill in the gaps. But that was just some of my thoughts with this. I'm passionate about this. I'm passionate about God's word. I'm passionate about the gospel being preached in its fullness, and not being watered down. And if you're passionate about that too, I just encourage you, follow along with what I'm doing, if you want to.  So thank you so much for watching, guys, and I will see you next time. God bless.


So the way we process information, all the environmental stimuli, is based on the neurons. They talk to each other. They process and they make a decision. There are mainly two ways of communication. One is through the release of neurotransmitters. The other one is I mentioned through gap junctions. So the basic idea is that we want to develop a new, genetically encoded, non-invasive method to image the gap junction communication. So it's based on the channel between cells. We want in one cell, we want to generate a specific small molecule as a mediator. And the mediator will go through the gap junction and in the kinetic cell, there's a sensor for the small mediator. So once we triggered one cell, there's a response in the other cell. Then this demonstrates that these two cells are communicated by gap junctions. That's the basic idea. So for now we know that the main function for electrical synapses is synchronizing neurons, firing. Like those neurons are connected by gap junctions. They will fire together. So they will release transmitters together. If you don't know how to code, you spend more time on boring stuff and be less efficient.