Agriculture on the move. Agriculture on the move. Agriculture on the move. Agriculture on the move. Agriculture on the move. Agriculture on the move. Good day again, St. Lucia. Welcome to the program, Agriculture on the Move. My name is Philip Sidney. Today is a man talk. Men are talking today. We're looking at International Men's Day, which is Sunday the 19th. And of course, we want to look at some men who contributed meaningfully to the agricultural sector in St. Lucia. With me today, to help me do that, is Mr. Barry Innocent, who is the Cardi Country Representative here in St. Lucia. Welcome to the program. Thank you, Mr. Sidney. My pleasure to be here. Great, great. Barry, you have many heads, many caps. You have won in the ministry. You were the DDA in the ministry. You were the president of what? International Men's Network. International Men's Network. You have too many caps, man. Too many caps, too many. Anyway, we'll talk about this one. International Men's Day. Tell us about that. How did this come about? It was Trinidadian, actually.  He had a little football competition that went on and after the football competition, he decided to commemorate that day and use that day as November 90th as a day to celebrate men and men internationally. And it spread across the globe. However, it has not fully been officiated yet by the United Nations, but it's currently been recognized by a lot of countries from Australia, England, almost across the globe. But it's a time that is given where the men and their contribution to their family, their community, their society, and even their job is highlighted. And men are encouraged to be better fathers, better sons, better husbands, and basically better contributors to their environments. Okay. So, in the past, I know you have had some programs, but how has it been for St. Lucia going back a bit? Well, for St. Lucia, what we observed is there's two full things happening. I've observed and there's been reported that there's an increase in the way fathers take care of their children. In fact, when you go to the preschool or the daycare, you'll see oftentimes fathers carrying their kids.  And a few other stakeholders have highlighted that to me also. I mean, you also have a few cases of a few cases of delinquency that men also spoken about. But generally, I find when I go and drop my daughter at kindergarten, I see a lot of fathers there.  You can see there's a greater sense of fatherhood, which I'm very happy for. I suppose the General Relations Department is doing a good job. And all the other stakeholders that are involved in the churches, the NGOs, they all are playing their role in helping us, sculpting our fathers to be better fathers and better men, generally. How does your network look at the vulnerable young males out there in light of what's happening here in St. Wusha, as you know? What are the positives that you can bring out of those men? Okay, well, we just came out of a boys' demand conference recognizing, well, in collaboration with the General Relations Department and Ministry of Education, recognizing that they seem to be from reports. A lot of the violence happening is boys and young men doing it. I mean, there's even been reported some of the so-called heat men, actually boys, what, 15, 14, 16, for what I meant to say, some officials. Also, when you look at school dropouts, the statistic is showing that you have more boys dropping out of school than girls. When you look at tertiary level, like university level, you have a lot more women aspiring to go and get further educated than men. So there's definitely a need to give men a little push, a little encouragement to become better men and better husbands, better fathers and better managers, whatever they've been made stewards over. Further to that, I know recently there was a launching of a project that International Men's Network and the Ministry of Agriculture came together through funding through CDB, Caribbean Development. And we funded this project called the Boys to Men Mushroom Production. Because we have found out that mushrooms is one of the lucrative products. And niche market, but a lot of mushrooms have been imported in St. Lucia. And we, in collaboration, we have developed this project, the Boys to Men Mushroom Production Project, which is also called, I think, some of the increasing employment for the males, young males in our St. Lucia Society. So that's a good move. And I'm hoping that this pulls through and is implemented. And from the sounds of it and the look of it, the local Ministry of Agriculture is pushing it. So it's a wonderful initiative and looking forward to success from it and getting a second batch of boys to go in there. I think the Boys Training Centre would have boys in that, they care. The boys from care would also be part of that. And generally vulnerable boys, so they can be introduced to another form of self-employment. Correct. But one thing I want to say, though, from my observation, I'm thinking, if so many of these young boys and young men are involved, not so many, but those that are involved in selling drugs and have footmen and middlemen and doing that successfully undercover, but they can't even really hide the money or show the money because they're afraid that they'll be caught. But it tells us something. It tells us that these boys and young men have business acumen. So you just want to shift them into... They're entrepreneurs. Yeah, they're good entrepreneurs. Just that it is something illegal. Exactly. Just trying to shift them from a legal product to a legal product. That's where the martial production came in. And I'm having a discussion about creating other products for them and bringing other young men into it. Also, we're young women also. But there's just a need to give them a different product to work with that is also lucrative and have them change their lifestyle. And not only that, I think added to that, you also have this youth economy. Yes. That's another avenue that they can get some funding from. You know, even to go into the same mushroom and other agricultural commodities to assist in lowering our food import bill. And then by in so doing, you build a new cadre of entrepreneurs, okay, businessmen, and like you said, if they can do the illegal thing so lucratively, obviously... They have the business acumen. Exactly. They have the footmen, they have the middlemen, they have the distributors, the wholesalers. Exactly. All this happening. I want us to look at the men who contributed meaningfully to agricultural sector in San Jose. And one that came to mind almost instantly is Mr. Sir Khalis George. Okay, yes, yes. This gentleman, he nurtured a lot of young men. A lot of young men. He trained many, many, many, including myself. In fact, he's my mentor. I mean, he was a research officer. He was the head of the Training Center at Union, the Cadet Corps, the Cadet Training Center. I go train myself, okay, and many others, and we are what we are today, right? He ensured that we went to school to further training universities, et cetera. And of course, he's a soil scientist. He did a number of trials, varietal trials, spacial trials around the island. This man contributed a lot of meaningfully, and that is why... What I liked about him was his professionalism. Oh, yes. The way he mentored some of the young men, and even he did this as an extent, into being professionals. The way your department at work, your punctuality, the way you address people, the way you address your clients. Yes, yes. Very professional. Yes, very, very professional. And from there, he became the minister for agriculture. Yes. And went further to the minister of infrastructure. Yes. So he contributed at the highest level you can think in this country. Yes. And that's why he got this award. Yes. That he's knighted. Yes, yes. Yes. Well deserved. And mind you, he is still going on. His science is there. He is able to discuss with you. He said to me, I did interview him, he said he wanted to train young people still because he's still available. Wow. And he said, yeah, he's able to do that. And I know he will do, he'll do such.  And of course, don't forget Julius Polius, another one, Mr. Mitchell. All those persons were under the research division. Yes. Ronnie Pilgrim. Even Mr. DeMarc.  Those who were under the research division. And there are many others, though. However, I looked at those persons under research. And they did, I mean, a miraculous job. These guys were professionals. They were real professional. And when you put examples, you know, good examples to the younger professionals. Definitely. And we, I mean, a lot of those guys have retired now. Yes. But they are still contributing to the sector. Okay. Extension. And those of you I don't know well, that's before your time. Laurie Yogis. This is a gentleman that was head of the extension division. And this goes on. You had a guy called Mr. Bobre. You know, who did a lot. And he also got an award from the Queen, right, for his contribution to the agriculture sector. Mr. Andrew Daisy, Mr. Albony Noel, Mr. Cuthbert Henry, you know, Mr. Hilary La Force, Stephen Best, Rudolph St. Hill, Rufus Leann, who was also the Chief Extension Officer. All right. Faswa Henry. We had a gentleman called Mr. Eden Pemberton. Eden Pemberton was a, was a Dom Nikon. All right. And he was in charge of Central District. When I joined the ministry, he was my supervisor. Wow. You know, and I learned a lot, a lot from him. You know, we had Lenithi Toli. All these guys. You had Anthony Filgers. Anthony Filgers was one of those. He was like a historian. Oh, yes, he was. And he's still there. Yeah, he's still there. And I was told he's supposed to be writing, writing a book, you know. He's writing a book on the history of the agricultural sector in San Ocean. Definitely. You know. And for my own master's degree dissertation, I spoke with him. I got some references from his, his book, Unpublished, and used it in my dissertation. Yeah. I mean, he had a lot of interesting insights. This guy has an archive, you know. I'm telling you. Yeah, yeah, yeah. He is, he is something else. I think he was very professional. Yes. And of course you had Ezekiel Joseph. Yes. Who was an extension officer. And then he moved up and up, became the minister for agriculture. And he is, he's also a farmer. Yes. And he's also a. And he's still doing farming right now. He's still farming. He has a passion for it. He has a passion for it. Okay. And he's involved in agro-processing. Yes. You know. So he has contributed meaningfully, you know, to the thing. Mr. Dauver. Yeah. Mr. Dauver was an extension officer. Yes, yes, yes. You know. Yeah. I mean, he just, he just recently passed. I think the cocoa industry had a significant contribution. Yes. In fact, he was a member of the St. Lucia Agricultural Association. Right. Where they should ship cocoa. Right. And he had a farm. In fact, he, before his passing, he was a farmer. He was in, in Dennery. Yes.  Yes. And he contributed meaningfully over the years to the agricultural sector in St. Lucia. Definitely. Definitely. All right. He was a minister for agriculture. Moving. He was an extension officer. Riding a, used to ride a bike.  Between Canary and Slavic Canaries, there were no motorway roads at the time when he was, and he used to ride his, his, his bike through Tishime. Hmm. You know.  Yeah. And what I like about some of them, like, at Dennery Field just, when we, when I first started extension, at Dennery Field just told me, do not buy a car right away. Yeah. You tell me, walk the area first. Yes. Find out where all the bridges are, all the churches are, all the schools are, create a map of the area responsible for, so that when anybody has to take over from you, or when you, when you look at your map, you know what everything is. Hold that point. Yeah. Hold that point. Yeah. Because we do for agriculture, because very interesting. Okay. You are watching agriculture on the move. Welcome back to the program. Agriculture on the move. Of course, we just looking at some international men's network. And also looking at the contribution of men in St. Lucia to the agricultural sector.   Those were extension in the days. And there's a gentleman I want to mention, Mr. Bernard Thomas. He is still alive of the yesteryear extensionist. I think he's the only one alive today. He's of the lives of the moon. And Mr. Bernard, if you're watching, take a bow, take a bow, because he did well. In fact, he was the supervisor for the Northern Extension Division in Babonot. And he did very, very, very, very well. Then you had the engineer in the section. I remember Mr. Fimber Desi. He was an engineer at the time who was involved in that one. And we had another engineer, Mr. Leos, from Babonot. He was one. Then we had people who worked at Christopher Cox. We had Monero. We had Jarrier. Phoenix Jarrier. Yes. And then we had Jones Bissette. This guy is like Jones. I mean, he passed already. But this guy, when he came to learning our dreams and on terraces, and this guy was really, really, really good. And if you go back to the days when we were as extension officers, we were well-rounded. Yes. The approach was different. At that time, also, an agricultural extension officer was not limited to just crops. He was a generalist. You did livestock. You did crops. You did a bit of engineering, a bit of everything. If the task is a little too high for you, then you would call in the more experts in the particular field and call them in. Right, right. And I'll say something. I find that when I first joined the extension division, I joined it because I felt like, in extension, I'd get the opportunity to practice everything that I was taught. But when it moved to just crops, this was a bit of a disappointment to me because I felt, OK, now I'm back to the crops. Yes, yes. When you had a full availability of different fields and I would accept it to practice. Exactly. And of course, I'm looking at the ministers in the past. Of course, Ariel Ovey was a minister. Then you had Peter Josie. Correct. You had Fidel Henry. We had Cassie Lyres. You had Ezekiel Joseph. Ignatius Gea. And of course, Gregor Mason. Moses Jabatis. And Moses Jabatis. And then you also had, of course, our now Alfred Prospect. Right. And the funny thing about those ministers of agriculture, all of them were agriculturalists. Yes. All of them were farmers. Yeah, they were farmers. All of them were agriculturalists. Trained agricultureists. And they had passion for agriculture. And they had a passion for agriculture.  Horace Walters, Vaughan Charles, Philip Marti, Mr. Nelson is now the deputy. You have Rufus George. Nigel Lawrence, I don't know if you know that guy. He's from the library. He worked, but he's in Dominica. Right now, he worked in Dominica. Christopher James, who just passed recently, Lambert Vitalis, and Andrew Jean Caban, the guy who was involved in CMOS production, right? Down in the PR area, this guy. Those are the guys who did a lot when he came to the fishery sector. Then when he came to management, you had Mr. Cyril Matthew. Oh, yes.  He was a farm management specialist. And when he came to discipline, you couldn't get a man more disciplined than this guy. Right? Of course, you have Mr. Barry Moffillis here. He's our PS right now. Right, Dr. James Fletcher. Yes. He was another guy, right? Dr. Darius Gabriel. And you had Dr. Gabriel. One of the very good managers. Very good managers. All right? John Carrick's, you know, and, you know. Then you had Mr. Ogis, then Ogis, who was our deputy.  So this is a culture that's meaningfully connected to the sector. In the information unit, you have people like Neil Paul. You had Yad, Warrell, you know, George Cherry, Ted Budt, Teeble, Zingson Butcher, myself. I was in there, I'm still there. They took the agriculture to a heart. Yeah, yeah. And of course, you have the young ones right now. You have Zarrick, you have, you remember Albert Sinclair. You had Butcher. And Butcher, yeah. All these guys were present. Then in the marketing unit, because you have so many sections. You know, Vincent LaCobbin, Netadius, now. And they have Dr. Esna, they have Terry. You know, there was a full produce chemistry in the Soviet Union, where they did concentrates, right? Mr. Lubin was the one in charge of that. Mr. Destang and Evans, Martin Evans, you know.  And the forestry, Gabriel Charles. Gabriel Charles. Coco, if he was called. Passion, but not. Renown for the forestry sector. Oh yeah, he was passionate when it came to the forestry. He pushed for that passing of the law, where you no longer allowed to shoot birds. Yes, yes, yes. And of course, the bird population said it was spanned. Exactly, the parrot was one of the things that he was pushing, all right? Michael Bob, Adam Toussaint, Brian James. And of course, our president minister, Prospect, he was the chief forest officer. And then, of course, I'm Donnelly, and then of course, Michael Andrew. Yes, Michael Andrew. And the list goes on when you come to forestry, okay? And the livestock, you had Kenny Daniel, Eden Compton, Dr. Monroe, Dr. George.  The emblematic, yes. He did a wonderful job on that. Fantastic job. And you know, he himself is a very good manager. Oh, he's a very good manager. And a professional. He was actually one of my mentors, one of my remote mentors because I admired when I come to work in the morning, all of I try to get to the office before this man. Oh, I got you there. I'm always there before me. And he's always there. And he's late to leave. He's late to leave. First to reach. Last to leave. And he comes on the weekends. On the weekends too. Working hard. You drive on a Sunday. You see it's packed right there. Always well-organized. And he's now in charge of a special project. Always well-organized. You know, and I mean, he's reporting when he comes to a special project, maculite, you know.  He is, he is, he is. He's efficient, effective. You know, and that is what I would expect. He's young people to actually. Yeah, they can use that as role models. Yeah, they can use that as role models. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And he inspired all of that. He was very calm when he dealt with people. Oh, yes. Very, very, very, very calm. Very, very, very good interpersonal skills. Definitely. In the banana industry, I don't know if you remember Dr. Essel Edmonds. Yes. Right, he was a nematologist. Right. You know, he did a lot of work, right? I think he was one of our ambassadors overseas. Yes. You had Dr. Reed. Takes us to Windban. Windban. Oh, yeah, the Windban days were good days. And Dr. Basgal Williams. Yes, yes. Of Errol Reed. Errol Reed, yeah. Who also contributed significantly to the banana research. Definitely, definitely. And of course, we can't forget Pat Joseph, you know. Of course. The famous Pat Joseph, man. Of course. All these guys contributed. One of the people I got in the fishery sector was Atkinson from Jamaica. Oh, yes, yes. Who introduced the Tilapea fish. The Tilapea fish is a nuture, you know. And of course, Eustace Monroe is another famous name. Correct. And there are so many others.  But they contributed meaningfully to the agricultural sector. These guys had agriculture as a passion and in their hands, you know? Yes, yes, yes. Yeah, they fought for it. They pushed for it. They advocated for it. They lobbied for it. They encouraged people to get into it. And mostly, they owned farms also. So they're very practical in their approach. Exactly. And when you go back to extension, as you mentioned earlier, our extension days in the early stages were totally different. Different, different.  And most funerals I'd go to. There's a fair outgo. In fact, I used to do Deborah. I used to do Deborah, Gaara area. And sometimes on the weekend, I would have a tent. I'd go and create a tent. Set up my tent on the beach at Grenance. I'd just been away for the weekend, you know? Let me tell you. It would be interesting. One of the things I call it, one of the litmus tests I always give any of the young officers, if you're working in an area and there's a first communion in an area and you're not invited, something is wrong. They're wrong with you. A first communion in the area where doors are open to everybody, you're not invited. And you're not invited to Christian a child in your concert in your area. Something's wrong with you, my brother. In fact, because of my training with livestock, I'd like to have, when you sometimes do that with the stoke here, when you have a cow or pig or goat have difficulty giving birth. Giving birth, yes. And one time after having to practically practice that on a cow, you know, I have this stoke here to save its calf and to use all my different, what I was taught to save that calf. When I came back home a year later, I remember one of my rural stakeholders called me at four in the morning and told me her daughter was giving birth, but the paramedics are taking too long to come. Can I come and help? I came there thinking well, I came in thinking I'll have to put it in my vehicle and take it to the hospital. But when I reached there, I realized that the young did this, you have to give birth. So I had to put on my livestock officer cap. Take out my shoelace, actually get a piece of hot water, put my shoelace in hot water to sterilize it. And I delivered that baby, you know. But I had to use what I was taught for this stoke in Agnes. Exactly. And delivered it so well, when the paramedics reached there, they asked, who did that? And everybody pointed at me, they said you did it like a doctor. Yeah, man. It's the only thing they didn't like was that I used a shoelace. But that happened to me once. Imagine I came, I just came from studying on holidays. And then there was a farmer who had a sheep. Yes. He was just about to give birth. And all of a sudden I'm sitting there and I'm hearing the groan and it's in pain. But I'm seeing two legs out. The last subject I did before I came down was livestock production. Right. And the same topic was this stoke here. And then, so I pushed my hand and I felt two front legs. But then when I checked it, really checked it, I realized it was two different front legs. One from each. There's more than one cow. There's three in there. So it's impossible for that sheep to give birth. Right? So I have to push one leg in, get another leg of one of the kids, and then bloom, bloom, bloom. Or if it came out. If it came out. I saved the three and I saved the mother. Exactly. You know what I'm saying? Why? Because of my training. Yes, yes, yes.  Because we were all rounders, my brother. All rounders, all rounders.  All rounders, man. I used to go out and line out on the field, on the contour drains, gridder drains. Yes. And we had a road tracer. But after a while, just with my eye, I used to do it. Yeah, because in those days, when agricultural extension was trained in all different things, engineering, livestock, it was a generalist. Yes. You know, a lot of things. Yeah. And there's a few things he might become an expert at. Right. But generally, you know a lot of things. Yes. One time, the Wasco came to do some work in my area and they told me they'd have to create a drain there in my yard. So they said they'd come tomorrow. So I just went in the drain and used my training in engineering, lined the drain in the two ropes, digged my drain. When I guys came in next day, the guys said to me, when did Wasco come there? Is it about to come there? I did it myself. You think? I'm an agriculturalist. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And the guys were like, amazing. Definitely, definitely. Before I end, I just want to say thank you to Moise Patricontini Focussial Center for giving me this trophy. And for my contribution to the Creole media landscape in St. Lucia. So thank you very, very much. You need to get to your world while you're alive. That's very, very important. So thank you. Thank you very, very much. Just before I end on a sad note, the previous one is really getting out of hand now.  Some people went and they put actually pins and needles in the banana's. My goodness. People, I know it's difficult, but please don't go down that route because people are going to get damaged. But again, it's a lesson that is sent out there. You, persons that are buying, buy from reputable farmers. Exactly.  And that's a problem. Please, I saw some photos that circulated on the media today and it's not nice. It's not nice. Because the farmers work so hard. They work hard. They work hard. And when they go in there, they cut 10 of the bananas, man. You don't do that. Yeah, that's not fair, that's not fair. And don't talk for livestock. Goats.  Well, I just want one minute to do that. I just want to encourage the young men there that can hear me under the sound of my voice to pursue high education because it helps you to step up. You know, you can never go wrong pursuing food education. It's a knowledge you will get that you can use whether on the job or not on the job. Whether you get a promotion quick enough or not unless you have that knowledge in your head, it can be applied in various aspects of your life. Very good, very good, sir. And I believe that moving forward, we need to work and encourage those young people out there. Yes. More so now. Yes, more so now. We can do in our community, let us do, let us work, let us work hard. Let us impart the knowledge that we have. Let us encourage, let us use we as mentors for these young people. Yes. That's very important now because to be honest with you, to, you know, to bring up a young person now in this environment is not a nice thing to do. So I want to thank you for being here and I wish you well, my brother, in what you're doing. Thank you so much. You've been watching Agricultural Move, I want to thank you for viewing the program. And remember, agriculture is our business. Eat fresh. St. Lucia's best. The money stays here. Thank you again. I'm Philipe Sidney. Goodbye. Thank you, sir. Thank you. Thank you.


Let's look at one last example of Simpson's rule before we move on to a new topic. Let's use Simpson's rule with 10 subdivisions to compute the integral zero to one e to the x squared dx. And let's see how good of an estimate it is. So notice here that e to the x squared is like before. It doesn't have an, it has a no elementary antiderivative. The fundamental theorem of calculus cannot help us compute this thing. We wanna do a numerical calculation. So the integral from zero to one of e to the x squared dx, we're gonna compute this using Simpson's rule with 10 subdivisions. We can go through the details of this, but I also just recommend to use the calculator that's online. If you use a calculator, you'll spit out the number 1.462681. So this is an estimate. We can get this very quickly with the calculator if we just plug in the appropriate things. That's wonderful. But it's not just good enough to have the s, and we have to know how good of an estimate it is. And so how bad is the error in the situation? Well, like we saw before, the error associated to Simpson's rule is bounded above by k times b minus a to the fifth over 180 into the fourth. Now some of these things we know off the bat, b minus a is the length of the interval. So we get this portion right here, one minus zero. To the fifth, one minus zero of course is one, so that's just gonna disappear. Then we get 180 over, we're taking 10 subdivisions, so 10 to the fourth. And so working with this, we're gonna get k on top. We're gonna get 180, and then 10 to the fourth, that's just gonna give you 10 more zeros to connect, catnate on the bottom there. So you get 1.8 million on the bottom, all right? So how do we determine this k value? Remember, k is supposed to be a bound on the fourth derivative of this function on the interval zero to one, all right? Now if we take f, f is our function e to the x squared, we've done some of these calculations in a previous video, the first derivative, remember was two x e to the x squared, the second derivative was e to the x squared times two plus four x squared, if I remember that correctly. If we continue on with that, I'm not gonna go through necessarily all the details, well, okay, we can do some details, you twisted my arm there. Taking the derivative of this using the power of the product rule, right? If you take the derivative of two plus four x squared, that's an eight x times that by e to the x squared, add that to the derivative of e to the x squared, which it is two x e to the x squared, and then you have this two plus four x squared right there. We can combine some like terms because everything's still divisible by e to the x squared. Factor that thing out, you're gonna have an eight x, you have a two x, which distributes onto the two, so that's a four x, you should have a 12 x right there, and then there is an eight x cubed as our third derivative, and then for the fourth derivative, we gotta do this one more time. Again, by the product rule, the derivative of e to the x squared is two x e to the x squared times by the polynomial 12 x plus eight x cubed. For the second one, we'll get an e to the x squared, and then the derivative is a 12 plus 24 x squared, we could factor out the e to the x squared, I guess we'll just do that, just make it a little bit cleaner, e to the x squared, that leaves behind a two x times a 12 x, that's gonna be 24 x squared, that combines with that one, that gives me a 48 x squared, two x times that by eight x cubed, that gives me a 16 x to the fourth, and then finally there should be a 12 right there, 12 plus 48 x squared plus 16 x to the fourth, that's great. What can we say about this function? This function, we could ascertain that, kind of like we did before, this guy right here, e to the x squared, this is always positive and increasing, this polynomial right here is also always positive and increasing, so our function right here will always be positive, and it'll be increasing, and when I say increasing of course, I mean on the interval zero to one, it's not increasing everywhere, and so in particular, our k value will be at the maximum, that's what it's supposed to be, but the maximum will be at the right endpoint, so this is gonna be the fourth derivative evaluated at one, so we get an e, we're gonna get 48 plus 16 plus 12, which adds up to be 76e, that is our k value, bring it back and plug it in right here, we're gonna get 76e over 1.8 million, and so you could simplify that thing, that's not necessary because we want a decimal approximation, so we need to approximate this, we're gonna get 0.000115, so this is the worst case scenario, our error cannot be worse than this, and as such, we're accurate to approximately four decimal places, accurate to at least three, but we're almost at fourth decimal place right there, this is what we got for the Simpson's rule using 10 subdivisions, just as a comparison right, we did the same calculation with the midpoint rule, with 10 subdivisions, and its error would be approximately, well it would be, I should say the error would be no worse than 0.007, so you can see that the Simpson's rule with the same number of calculations is by orders of magnitude more accurate on average, again, these are just error bounds, the error could be much, much, much smaller, but if you have the two options, like I know that Simpson's rule will, worst case scenario is much better than the worst case scenario of the midpoint, so in practice, Simpson's rule is gonna be the best method you're gonna wanna use in these calculations, so that brings us to the end of lecture 18, which also will close the book proverbially on section 7.7 about approximate integration, we are gonna have to do approximate integrals every once in a while, so those calculators that I mentioned keep those links readily available, because once in a while there will be integrals that we can't necessarily calculate by hands using the fundamental theorem calculus we wanna approximate those. Those will be very useful for us in chapter eight. In fact, chapter eight is gonna be about applications of integration, which we already did in chapter six of Stuart's textbook, but some things we postponed until chapter eight because the integrals are kinda just, they're too difficult to calculate, we need numerical approximations to determine what these values are gonna be, so stay tuned for that, and I'll see you next time, everyone.


Going on everyone Sam here with late and sports cards rip in three doing a three box mixer for a KeemD We've got one 22 top Star Wars chrome black hobby one 22 top chrome black baseball hobby and one 22 a five-star baseball hobby So let's start with Star Wars See if you can play something crazy out of this man stuff's been a lot of fun this year got Harris and doula Mayfeld and green grief cargo nice one there two out of 99 on the green a Little bit of a corner issue there. We'll send the empty box and wrapper with you Keem. Sorry about that, man Now you're in case thought oh is Admiral Ackbar Tim Rose nice one there. It's a trap. We're gonna send the Star Wars chrome black box Top chrome black baseball now. Oh gold. I see gold. I see a gold rookie auto Park rookie Kyle Lewis and green atomic large new bar 53 out of 99. Good luck here Keem. See what we got buddy Rookie of Ryan Ballade 37 out of 50 on the gold mini diamonds nice one there Congrats on that. Nice big auto there too. All right, let's do your five-star now 22 tops five-star. Good luck there a rookie auto. That's so nasty a Keem, man How about 10 of 10 show? Hey, oh, Tani? Oh That is massive Massive hit right there buddy Let's go That's so sick.  That's gorgeous I will do it for your break right there Keem. Thanks as always for the support my man. We'll get those right out too


Good morning, students. It is Monday, May 11th, and this will be my last announcement for the semester.  In Blackboard, you can see your points for the different assignments, your overall ending average percent, and your letter grade. I know this semester may not have gone the way we expected, and it was a tough semester, especially the last half of this semester. I am very pleased with how many of you were able to pull things together. And for those of you who are working under difficult circumstances, thank you for sticking it in and finishing out the semester as strong as you could. Again, I know it wasn't necessarily the way everybody wanted it to go, but overall, you did pretty well. If you have questions or concerns, contact me, but I have submitted the grades, so they are finalized at this point. I wish you well for those of you who may be taking summer classes online or otherwise back on campus in the fall. Feel free to stop by and just say hello to me. I miss seeing your faces the last half of the semester. You can send me a message if you want to, but I wish you a good summer. Have a great day and congratulations on making it to the end.


Hello everyone, I am Uthit, I head Marketing for Adler Payments Man and I'm actually very excited and delighted to be part of this grand jury for Maddy's 2021. Last 18 months have actually been life changing for everyone. There have been massive consumer shifts across industries. One of that consumer behaviour change which has actually happened is people adopting digital as a mean mean of usage. With almost 500 to 600 million smartphone consumers, this is actually their lifeline which makes this mobile marketing awards very very relevant in the current context. I actually look forward to three things from the participants. First one is is it actually solving a real consumer need? Second is is mobile just a tick mark or is it a mean median or is it very well integrated as a part of the overall campaign? Third thing is innovation but not at the cost of the business. I look forward to some amazing pieces of work from all of you wishing all of you a very best of luck. Thank you.


You're welcome back to the breakfast and plus TV Africa. It's now time for Off the Press and we've invited Mr. G.D. Johnson, Chief Lecturer at the Nigerian Institute of Journalism. Good morning, Mr. G.D. Johnson. Good morning. It is a pleasure to meet you and welcome to our viewers of the report. All right. Thanks for joining us. Okay. Well, beginning this morning with a punch news paper. The headline reads, Open Grazing and Spare Paths Comparison. Malami Under Fire as Akiridulu South Stakeholders Lampoon AGF. The writer's reads, Comparing Open Grazing to Spare Paths Sale Betrays Terrible Mindset. And that's according to Akiridulu. Senate spokesman once Malami fired, says, AGF under primordial sentiment. Stand thoughtless, prejudicial, or uneasy. Comments nonsensical, says Faleno. Above the headlines on the punch news paper, experts cap at CBN say serial narrowed evaluation threatens economy and Nigerians. Governments fred as CBN insist budget support repayments starts May. NLC meets and Governors' 318-hour-per-litre patrol proposal today, experts want FG. Suspend June Electricity Tariff hike, National Assembly tells NERC. Also on the punch news paper, FG sets up nine-man panel to address Kaduna, NLC face-off. Abdul-Sarami here say, Divert infrastructural funds to tackle insecurity. Also on the punch news paper below the headline, we see a picture here of a fighter jet and lots of people here posing for a group photograph. The caption reads, NAF takes delivery of 26 fighter jets, CAS boost of enhanced capacity. Five killed as hoodlums clash over election banner in Lagos. Police dismiss bumming rumour, one dies in a Bassenger's library explosion. Local government poll or your declared Friday holiday, APC in court demands postponement. Soldiers avenging airman's death arrest, Lagos residents destroy vehicles and that's in Oshudi. Fourth wife stabs husband to death for impregnating new lover. Ayadeh becomes APC leader in Cross River state, says state must join centre. Those are the stories on the punch news paper. The Nigerian Tribune, let's see what we can find over here. The big one there says, open grazing, you are wrong, lawyers tell Malami. Lanik Perkun Rotimi-Williams, Ubani Abari Bay, Middlebelt Forum and others slam the AGF. We will implement ban with vigour, says Akeridolu. Northern Governors Forum, a Governors Forum banned open, I'm not sure what that is. Or rather, okay, Northern Governors Forum banned open grazing before Southern Governors Forum, says Falano. And also open grazing outdated, says Mieti Allah's patron. We can also see here Oaneze reacting, also saying his remarks are prejudicial. Yes, we built 30 million Naira Mosque in Barnau and that is from Agriculture Ministry. There was a leaked memo showing 30 million Naira contract awarded to build a mosque from the Ministry of Agriculture and that's what they're responding to. I left PDP for APC because of Buhari's attributes, Cross River state Governor Ayadeh says. Petrohops subsidy removal, oil marketers back governors. Gas explosion, Roxo Bassinger's Presidential Library, one feared dead. And also now is the time to revisit a 2014 Comfab report to rescue Nigeria, says Laby Durujayi. Oshimbajo wades into Governor's CBN dispute over budget facility repayment and Boko Haram leader Shekau seriously wounded after attempting to kill himself to avoid capture. We can also see here Federal Government directs Kaduna government to follow principle of redondancy sets up a man committee to negotiate and lastly reps hard-proposed hike of electricity tariff, raised concern of a 2020 IMF report and probe discos of a transfer of debts to new users. These are the big ones on the Nigerian Tribune. On the nation newspaper, anti-open grazing ban, AGF Malami on the fire. Governors CBN differ on loan repayment plan. Abdul Salami to government forgets projects fund insecurity. Controversy over Shekau in Boko Haram is swapped clash. Negotiation on patrol price ongoing says NNPC. Gas explosion kills man in a Bassenger's library. Woman stabs husband to death. I dumped PDP for APC to take cross-reversed data center, says Ayadee. Also on the nation newspaper, World Bank rejects debt cancellation for Africa. Also bandits kill Emya's son and lastly 10-man panel to set a Kaduna labor dispute. Those are the stories on the nation newspaper. All right. Good morning. Once again, Jedeh Johnson. So many of these very interesting stories. I guess we can start from anywhere you choose. Well, I think we should start from the comment of the attorney general, who happens to be the chief law officer, whose pronouncement gives a direction and indication as to what the administration and dispensation of justice should look like in the country. I must say this that I was not only disappointed, I was disturbed that if this is the quality of thinking and the level of intelligence that governs the kind of council this important office gives to the president with respect to administration of justice, dispensation of justice, adherence to constitutionalism, then we are in danger. We are in danger of entrenching dictatorial powers that existed under the military regime whereby the pronouncement of the head of state becomes the law and whatever decree that they settle after classes, that takes away the power of the courts and probably the attorney general is still a system in the era of military regime. But this is the democracy, even though we have not gotten into democracy, we are still in a civilian administration because if it's in the democratic side, the attorney general will have the force to resign. And this will come as a surprise to many Nigerians because over the years and the last six years the attorney general demonstrated some certain disposition towards non-respect for constitutionalism and issues that has to do with due process. For example, you remember when the National Assembly summoned the president, I remember the Azobre in his first term, he was the one that counseled the president not to attend that, he's not duty to attend that particular that particular program. Now if the attorney general is speaking, he's the attorney general of the federation, he's not the attorney general of the defense council, but the attorney for cathedrals. And if governors in the south, if his governor in the south cannot ban open crazy, I don't know where he wants governor to, to, to then we can do open prostitution on the street of Nigeria, we can do open prostitution on the street of, of the north. And I don't know what he has done or his pronouncement concerning Isbar police arresting people during the month of Ramadan for eating, when it is the constitutional right of, the constitutional right of anybody to fast or not to fast. I don't know what he has said concerning the nothing governor's banning the sale of alcohol in the north and yet with the highest level of hypocrisy and playing the off-stretch collects revenue that were collected from part on our quality consumption. I don't know if any nothing governor will allow the sale of pork meat in the north. So when such statement came from the attorney general of the federation, you must be disappointed, but beyond disappointment you must be disturbed that if this is the quality and the level of intelligence that governs that office, that there's more to, there's more to be desired. Just, just look at the comparison. The analogy is faulty. It's, it's not really planned. It does not just make any kind of sense. There's no justification for such, and I love the reply of the industry governor. I love the reply. Who happens to be the person that coordinated the meeting of the southern governor's in worry? He was the one that coordinated the meeting. He knew he came out and he said that he was not the chairman. He just coordinated. He was just appointed. And he came up with a fantastic statement to that effect, telling the attorney general to let them meet in the court. Sometimes you begin to wonder how the sonship in Nigeria, how it is given, because I'm not to show. I'm not to show the kind of statement, analogy, and comments we got from the attorney general of the federation. It's like the, it's like the statement or counsel you get from a senior advocate of Nigeria. You're not a senior advocate of cow, cow liars or animal husbandry. You are senior advocate of Nigeria. And you are the attorney general of, of the federation and minister of just, and you could see from left, right and center is received. I'm sure that interview with the benefit of insight, you will have regretted taking that particular interview and taking that, but it is very good for us because it gives us an indication of his mindset and it gives us an indication of the totality of what our dispensation, administration of justice is like and adherence to constitutionalism. All right. You've seen our bigger agencies of government have issues, particularly under this person, that institution. All right. Let's move away from there and move to Cross River State where Governor Ben Ayade, as you know, defected from the PDP to the APC, says he is joining the APC, you know, of course, to help President Mamadobar remove the country forward. And because of course, he enjoys the ideologies of the President. After many years, after many years, after six years in PDP is not joining, when the administration of power is coming to an end. Duke, it's Nigerians are loosely over politicians. The politicians are, no matter how hard it rains and you cannot, the rain cannot wash up the tax spot in the Leopards. There's no difference. I said it, it's there in the public domain. I said it as of August 2015, as of August 2011. There's no difference between Nigerian political parties. They are just the same. They are just, they are chameleons, they are PDP in the morning, APC in the night, APC in the morning, PDP in the night. If we check the actors and players in the political landscape, it is the same set of people that have been ruling us since 1999, that are there. You are still worried out of the equation. It is the same set of people, even if you put worry into the equation, as we are not being part and parcel of those that have been ruling us since we were young. It was at our state, while I was in secondary school, now president, after I've left the university and I'm giving back to children and my son is in the university. So while I was in secondary school, was the president, was the head of state, while my son is in the university, is still the, are we moving forward, we are moving, we are moving backwards. So I'm not surprised by the character of the political class and this is not just the last, this is just the beginning. You see movement.  I have this question as far back as 2015, that we are looking at the issue of personality. Are we looking at the issue of competence? That beyond the personality of whoever wants to elect to office, are we looking at the capacity of the person to deliver? There's no way you will give, you will enter a flight with a pilot that has no, that has no qualification, that has no degree, that has no competence, that has no knowledge of flying and then it, because he has integrity and you enter the aircraft with, for him to fly you from Lagos to Abuta. You will not enter the aircraft no matter the integrity. I said beyond integrity, we must look at the capacity and some of us that studied it in 2015, we look like idiots, we look like fools, said that we are looking for someone that has integrity. I said beyond integrity, you must think about capacity, you can never, that was the analogy I gave, you can never fly an aircraft whose pilot does not have the competence and the knowledge of flying to aircraft no matter how the level of integrity. And that's what I found out. People like Ayati, look, let me tell you this, have you seen how the governor of Korsinova, I remember when he was elected as governor in 2015, I happened to go to Calabar for a program and I saw the governor having our six, seven title in front of his name, Doctor, Professor, Chief and this and that. So it takes you, the character, they will still move, the governor of the state move, the other governors that will move, the last time the PDP governor went to Zamfara to present, to prevent the governor of Zamfara from crossing over, the governor of Bachi was elected to have moved and he came up with a statement that is not moving. They will cross carpet because what is being done with it, someone wants to become president, they want to save their political future and they are looking at other equation on how they become reliever. It's not about take value out of, out of the equation, it's about their own political, it's a deep state. And I look, in the present cabinet, present cabinet was in PDP, Amici was in PDP, they are in the present cabinet. If you look at the configuration of the National Assembly and the parties, you discover that they move, they cross from one party to the other, they don't care. You know what I use for this? I use this Michael Jackson song. All I want to say is that they don't really care about us, they only care about themselves. So, don't be bothered about a hidden movie, it's about comparing PDP to APC, it's like saying six and a half it doesn't, what's the difference between the six and the others? They are the same, they are the same. So I'm not, I'm not a dog, I'm not the stop, it's just the beginning of people moving that are moving because of what, it is they are moving because of Nigeria. I'm moving to ensure that there is, there is, there is deliverance of deliverables of democracy. He said it's moving after six years, it's not serious.  When we do that, we have serious money, not people jumping, jumping sheep from one party together. And you could see how the wasted state resources, some governors of APC left their state and went to Calabar to welcome him. Even the chairman of APC, the chairman of APC is the governor of UBC. I'm not sure he has been to the state to govern that state. He's busy running, junketing and trucketing Nigeria. It's because we don't want them accounting and that's why we can do all this nonsense that I'm crossing over from one party together. It's political prostitution and that's what has characterized our political dispensation since 1999. So what do you expect to prostitute? All right, hold on. Hold on. You did not get any political prostitution. You will not give you anything. You can't want them to, they are heartless human beings. They have no integrity, they have nothing to shoot for it. Kindly hold on. There's conflicting reports about Abubakashakao either being dead or seriously injured. Some reports have it that he died yesterday and of course the papers this morning say he was seriously injured after trying to escape being captured by ISWAP fighters. Quickly, also let's get your thoughts on that one before we move to another topic. It's a cat with nine lives. How many times has he died? How many times has he been injured? That we have had a story. He was dead, he was not dead. He was alive, he was not dead. I think until we see footage of when Usama Bin Laden was captured, we saw footage of us was captured. When Mama Gaddafi in which most Africans are regretting that was gotten rid of by the Western powers in Libya, we saw footage of it. When Abubakaddi, the head of ISWAP, was gotten rid of, we saw footage of it. He's here with Chekawa died many times and he has come back to life. In fact, his own resurrection is more than that of Jesus Christ. He has resurrected as many times as possible. So don't stick this with the pinch of salt and wait whether Chekawa will resurrect. Because over the years he's been injured. But the question we need to ask is, is there an injury that the Nigerian military cannot get through? Over the years, I don't know. But as far as I'm concerned, until we see footage of his dead body, we will not come to the conclusion that he's dead. Mr. J. Johnson, we'll still continue. Yes, I would like to ask you about the NLC, Kaduna State standoff basically. So the call of the strike and the Kaduna State government said they would constitute a nine-man panel, or a 10-man committee basically, to look into the situation. So firstly, does this not sound familiar? You know, the setting up of panels and Nigerians expecting to see the outcome of that. And also, let's also give you thoughts on the NLC meeting on Governor's 318-hour petrol proposal today. Yeah, that's a larger story. Nigeria is a product economy. Last week we spoke about commodity price index and we talked about inflationary rate. We talked about standard of living and cost of living. And we said that we've seen that cost of living has been on the high, on the increase. And then the standard of living of the Annabelle Nigerian has dropped because of the inflation. Because over the year, whether government printed or not printed money. And we said the price of goods is an indication of whether government printed money or not, because inflation is when there's too much money, pushing a few goods, and your supply can only talk to a demand. So that created a problem. Now, government wants to, if there's a government that has split on the intelligence of Nigerians, I think it's this present government. And I stand by the conviction of my opinion. Because we were told that there's no subsidy. You see, we just have to ease this up in global. We were told that there is no subsidy. Yeah, are you going to get this? If you increase the prices, if you hike that of petrol from $3189, they've been saying it, they deny it. Once governments buy the kite, they want to prepare a mine towards the deficit, it's $400, over two months ago. What do we have? What would they cost somebody to transport himself from one location to another? One, two, what would it cost to move goods from the north to the south? In very plain Nigerians, we pay for it. What do you think? Anything that will put money in the pocket of the government? They will support it. You see, the government went and the supported that. Because they know we will not say anything. We are not holding them accountable. The money they've collected in the last three years, what have they done with it? The money they've collected in the last 22 years, what have they done? Excuse me. So, NLC, just see anything that involves NLC and government. Just know that it's a fake account. As this NLC, old government accountable, are they old government by the scroll of the net? Have they achieved anything from this government? They will go for the negotiation. Once they go for the negotiation, they will intimidate them.  Some of them will compromise themselves and adhere to it. They will say, okay, we have reason with government, let government do this. You see, market has, I'm coming, just give me a minute. The market has also, the market has also said the supported government. Why would market has no support for federal government? Why? For example, if anything would put more money in my pocket, will I not support it? Why should we hear the views of marketers? We should hear the views of Nigerians. What is the national assembly saying concerning that the executive, the loan cannot wake up and increase the price of a particular product without an input from the legislature? But we told Nigerians, we told them that the current structure of the national assembly, the leadership is one of the most vulnerable and each day we put them in the rightful place they belong is one of the most vulnerable in active, insensitive leadership we have ever had. And most of the, look, lawan, the Senate president has been in the Senate, has been in the national assembly since 1999. The speaker of the House of Representatives has been in the House of Representatives since 2003. Do they want to die there? Is it their father's property? And actually, they are far away from reality. And the legislature that should serve as checks and balances on the executive requesters, they are not doing that. Rather, they will go to Asurok to meet the president. Instead of the president coming to the national assembly to come and meet them, they will go to themself with their tails in between their legs, they will go to Asurok to meet the president. Well, we get the price of leadership we pay for in Nigeria. As far as I'm concerned, let them increase it. It's just a matter of time. When Nigerians are satisfied with this, we all go through it. There's a particular thing in my look, Udale, everyone before will not fall on the head of one person to fall on the head of everybody. But I'll close with this on this matter. Everyone involved in this decision don't buy fuel. Everyone, involved, that will take decision that affects, don't buy fuel. They don't buy it. They don't pay for their DSTV. They don't pay, they don't pay for their business. There's also thoughts on a hike in electricity tariff that the reps have halted. That's another one. They don't pay those bills. They don't pay. I'll ask you this question. When was the last time the minister of transport used his own personal fund to pay for his utility bills, for the cars he drives, or the minister of works and housing, or the minister of labor and productivity, or the senate president, or the speaker of us of rep. When? Because they don't pay with their own money. They don't, they are far away from reality. And when they travel, they travel with convoys, and they are convoys, and people will run into their convoys. We have situations which we have in the Shuku with before we came on there, with the issue of, or your state governor, denying whether they were involved with my convoys, or they are not involved with my convoys. Why should the governor use siren to pursue his employees out of the road? Why? Thank you very much. They were elected to serve us. No government official should use siren to send the citizens away from the road. All right. The car they are riding stacks pay us money. Why should you use siren? If you are going for an event, go early. Don't go late for the event. And don't disturb people that you use their money to fund, to fund your government. It is unbelievable. And these are the caregivers of military administration. We have some situations. You will not get to the end of this story of that young girl has been killed. We never, we never know whether that young girl will become a governor in the future. That this thing has been concreted out of the recklessness we need to go. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. You're fired up this Friday morning, but it's for a good cause. And we appreciate your time and your thoughts. And the bottom line is what marketers said. They don't care about us. They will move from PDP to ABC. They will form another party. Let me tell you the truth. They will form another party before 2023. And they will all move to that party. They will change their identity. They have used the concept of granting and a management of perception to distributors. All right, Mr. DD Johnson. Thank you very much. Have a great weekend. Good morning. Stay with us today in History Comes Up Next. What happened on this day in many, many years ago? And we're back to the year 1972. The birth of one of the biggest and most famous rappers in history. I'm going back to the year 2011 to tell you something we've seen many, many times. The prediction of the end of the world. Do so with us.


You have to try these macro-friendly Korean ground turkey bowls. Start out with two finely minced scallions and a large seedless cucumber cut into half moons. Mix that together with a tablespoon of gochugaru or Korean chili flakes, a tablespoon of kosher salt, and a teaspoon of toasted sesame oil. Pop that in your refrigerator while you make your sauce for your ground turkey. Start out with a fourth cup of gochujang, two tablespoons of low sodium soy sauce and water, a tablespoon of rice vinegar, another tablespoon of gochugaru and toasted sesame seeds, and a teaspoon each of garlic powder and ground ginger. Then we'll brown our ground turkey and a half tablespoon of oil or cooking spray. Make sure you're browning to develop all that flavor. Then we'll break this apart and fully cook before we add the sauce. You can add a little bit more water if you need to and then just stir it together until the sauce thickens just like this. Then you're ready to plate with rice cauliflower or rice. I'll throw the macros up for both here. Garnish with some sesame seeds and dig in.


If you want to learn graphics programming, the simplest place to start these days is with the canvas element in the browser. In this unit, we'll be covering most everything you need to know about using the canvas, as well as a few of the basic concepts of computer graphics, starting with the distinction between raster graphics and vector graphics. From there, we'll discuss the relationship between the coordinate system of the canvas and the actual pixels of the canvas. Then we can go over the basic methods for drawing lines, shapes, text, and also rendering source images onto the canvas, that is taking some image file and having it render as a rectangular area within the canvas. The so-called compositing mode of the canvas refers to the relationship between the existing pixels on the canvas and what you're newly drawing on top of it. In the default mode, simply every draw operation just draws on top of whatever exists, but other compositing modes have different behaviors. When working with the canvas, it's possible to transform the coordinate grid, that is to scale the grid up or down to rotate it or to translate it up, down, left, or right. Doing this, transforming the coordinates can be useful when you want to draw to different locations in the canvas or draw different sizes or to rotate what you're drawing, which is in fact the only way you can draw a source image onto the canvas that is rotated. You have to transform the coordinates to do so. We'll also discuss how you can directly read and write the pixels that make up the canvas, like if you want to read the actual color values as numbers and or manipulate them, you can do so with certain methods. Lastly, we'll discuss some techniques for smoothly rendering animations in the canvas, and also we'll discuss some performance considerations.