Section 71 of English and Cantonese Dictionary. This is a Librebox recording. All Librebox recordings are into public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Librebox.org. English and Cantonese Dictionary by John Chambers, revised and enlarged by Thomas Kirkman-Deely. Section 71. Thankful 感恩 or 感謝. Thankful for permission. 蒙吻. Thankful for the favor. 蒙恩. Thankness. 蒙恩. A thankless task. 不暴露的功. A thankless nation. 負恩之民. Thanksgiving. 清謝. Thanksgiving on being saved from conflagration. 愁答天恩. Publitiatory services held as a Thanksgiving. 平安照. A day of Thanksgiving. 清謝上帝之日. Thank worthy. 可謝 or 該謝. Dead. Note. Put the proper classifier when known. Instead of 過. 過. 過. 過. Things not numbered as water. 過滴. Dead ear. 拿臨. Dead one. 拿過. Dead time. Dead will do. 啊? 咁樣咋? Dead is his business. 嗰啲關佢嘅事. Dead is altogether different from this. 嗰啲都唔似你啲. Dead is not have so good as this. 嗰個冇你過一半咁好. That was one time. And this is another. 比一時似一時也. Dead which? 嗓. In order that. 以至. Or 以為. That is. 即時. On that day. 時日. Fetch. 蓋茅. Or. 茅草. Fetched cottage. 白屋. Fetched morning of palm leaves. 葵埔. Thermaturgist. In a city temple. 陰陽正術. Thermaturgy. 行義職. Or 行其事. Fall. Seal. Or sun. Or 容花. Dead. Or. Or 其. Or 該. Or 此. The quicker, the better. 愈快愈好. The more a man learns, the less he knows. 學然後知不足. Theater. 戲場. Or 戲院. To go to the theater. 去睇戲. The theater of war. 戰場. Theatricals. 做戲. A theatrical company. 一班戲子. A shed erected for theatricals. 戲棚. Theatrical apparatus. That is properties. 戲具. Theatrical costumes. 扮義. Prepare for theatricals. 上上. V. 你. Note. Sir, madam, etc. are used for the second person in polite discourse. Feft. 偷野. Fatty theft. That is like a dog. 狗偷. To commit theft. 行蝕. There or theirs. 他們的. Fear or fear. 查則. Fearsome. 信有上帝. Or 信神. Fearsed. 信有上帝者. Piestical. 信有上帝的. Them. 他們. Them. 題目. Or 書題. Analysis of the theme. 破題. Amidification of the theme. 成題. Reassertion of the theme. 出題. Theme for composition. 窗稿. Themselves. 佢哋嘅自己. Then. 果陣事. Meaning afterwards. 延後. Or. 舟. Or. 咁. Aplicate. Then and there. 舟地取材. Now and then. 挖事. Or. 有事. Every now and then. 內不內. Then be it so. 就咁啦. Let me see then. 睇把啦. Fans. 由該說. Or. 因此顧. Fans forth. 自後. Or. 自果時起. Fans forward. 此後. Or. 自此以後. Theocracy. 上帝之政. Theodolites. 篤山高帝之兒. Theologian. 上帝教嘅師. Or. 神學家. Theology. 上帝嘅道. Or. 神學. Theorem. 此言. Or. 法則. Or. 此詞. Theoretic. Or. Theoretical. 法的. Theoretical instruction. 教之以理. Theorist. 有內才. Theorize. 立法. Theory. 法. Or. 法式. Or. 法子. Or. 易思. Therapeutics. 依法. Or. 依理. There. 果恕. There is. Or. There are. 有. There is no more. 無囉. Or. 哪處. There. There. 哪. 哪. There is or are none. 無囉. Thereabout. 果恕左右. Or. 左右. Or. 約莫. Or. 咁上下. Or. 咁制. Is fifty or thereabout. 佢有五十歲左右. Thereafter. 此後. Or. 於事. Thereat. 再該書. Or. 因此. Or. 故此. Thereby. 以此. Or. 所以. Therefore. 所以. Or. 故此. Therefrom. 由此. 再內. Or. 再此書. Thereof. 由此. Thereon. 再上. Thereapoint. 於事. Or. 立即. Or. 然後. Thermal. One. Or. 溫戀. A thermal spring. 溫泉. Thermometer. 寒暑針. A clinical thermometer. 冷熱針. Or. 發熱發冷針. The thermometer registered 87 degree in the shade. 寒暑針再陰暑87度. These. Lady. Feces. Day. 距地. Tibet. 壯. Or. 西壯. Or. 偉壯. Anterior. Central. And ulterior Tibet. 前壯. 中壯. 後壯. Feudatory prince of Tibet. 壯王. The capital of Tibet. Tibet. Lhasa. Lhaisat. The imperial residence in Tibet. 諸葬大實. Fake. Bun. Or. Hau. Fake as soup. No. Or. Get. Meaning close. Mud. Or. Chau mud. Boil rice into thick gruel. 豹粥. Very thick. 厚淡淡. Thick oil. 粥油. Thick and thin. 厚薄. A thick plank. 厚木板. Thick of speech. 涉短. Thick lips. 厚崇. Thick of hearing. 重聽. A thick smoke. 濃密嘅煙. Ficken. 成潔. Or. 造口. Ficket. 矮臨. Or. 經濟臨. Or. 草木網網. Or. 草木母母. Or. 粒臨. Thickly. 滿. Or. 厚多. Thickly populated. 人煙仇物. Thickness. 厚. The thickness of one and a half bricks. 三魚鑽. The thickness of two and a half bricks. 咁魚厚. Thief. Or. 擦老. Or. 殘擦. Or. 拉裏龍. Or. 踩縣索. To turn thief or rebel. 造擦. A petty thief. 擦仔. An old thief. 老擦. A stealthy thief. 無美貓. Now. An expert pick pocket. 三隻手. To cry thief. 叫擦. Officials in collusion with thieves. That is rat and cat sleeping together. 貓屬同面. Beware of thieves. 提防展樓. A clever thief. That is one flies over eaves and runs up walls. 飛蛇走壁. Set a thief to catch a thief. 鬼啦鬼. He is a thief. 佢係偷野嘅. Thief catcher. 捕擦者. Thief ticker. 仿獲者. Thief. 闕嘴. Thief-ish. 號嘴. A thief's propensity. 策勝. Fai. 大腿. 大腿. 睇. The fai bone. 腿骨. To cut a piece of flesh from the thigh for medicinal purposes. 骨. feels, gong, or ché yuán, or yuán mó, the feels of a sedan, gíu gong, thimbo, zhâm tíng, arches thimbo, pán zí, thín, bò, meaning rare or watery, hái, meaning lean, xào or knit, thín skinned, bòpé, thín grú, zhúc yũng, thín and watery, hái hái déi, roi áo thín, nán bò tí, make thín fritters by rolling the griddle, láng phén, spread out thín, thán hói thán bò, scrape till it is thin, xào dou bò, thín but sprightly, chéng xào, thín as a rail, or as a match, or as a stick, tíu xài góng xào, thín as a grasshopper, zhéng mán góng xào, his kindness is as thin as paper that is only skin deep, kùi gó rén chéng zí góng bò, thín, mát kiên, or, é, gó, dong sái, meaning and affair, kiên sì, a thín, yát ngáng yé, all things, mán mát, just the same thing, thóng típ, set free living things, phòng sáng, just the thing, chào ngám, a hopeless thing, literally, called as a cat's nose, máu bì góng dong, all sorts of things, zhóng zhóng sì chéng, a set of things, yát phù yìng dong, prosperous in all things, dong sèng sái chào, you must not eat hitting and fried things, lǐ mǒu sèng yì dù jiān chào, it is a needness to blame things that are past, that is, let the dead past bury its dead, kì wóng bát gào, in the end, things will mend, mát kìk bìt phán, advice comes too late when a thing is done, sèng sì bát sùt, an ordinary thing, hán yé, think, sì shéng, meaning guess, gu, do you think I am asleep, lǐ dòng wǒu phùn mè, I am thinking of, mǒu sèng sǎng, do you think I am a fool, gu mǒu hài shǐu, I think you are joking, gu lì góng sèng, now drinking, now thinking, yà bìn yàm yàm sǎng, when you drink water, think where it came from, yǐm sǔu sìyu, do you think it is so easy, hǒu hīng yì mè, I think where of him, In view of gain, think of righteousness, gìn lì sì yì, day and night, do I think of you, shì yìng mèung gu, the poor think but of appeasing their hunger, kǒng sì wǒu shǎng, to think of one's family, sī gà, you think of yourself somebody, don't you, hǒu dài mìn nè, we have beaten them, I think, dàyèng lòu wǎ, do you think so, gǎng guà, I think it is, pà hì guà, to think a little, shǎng yà sǎng, think as a govern toilus, lǒu sīm zhè jiì yìn, fīn lì, sōu lòu, third, dì sām, a third, sām fèng yì, the first, second and third of a series, mèng zhōng guì, female leopards of the third generation, sām tòi mùi, the third day of the month, zhōu sām, the third time, dì sām qì, end of section 71, section 72 of English and Cantonese dictionary, this is a Librebox recording, all Librebox recordings are in the public domain, for more information or to volunteer, please visit Librebox.org. English and Cantonese dictionary are John Chambers, revised and enlarged by Thomas Kirk Mendili, section 72, first, gǎng hòu tòu hòu, first after, or zhōng, intolerable first, sīu hòu bèng, to quench thirst, gǎi hòu, the mention of plums quenched their thirst, wǎ mùi zǐ hòu, a craving thirst, fán hòu, to suffer from thirst, gǎi hòu, thirsty, hòu hòu, the hungry are easily supplied with food, and the thirsty are easily supplied with drink, gǎi zé yì wài sèk, hòu zé yì wài yǎng, blood thirsty, hòu sèk, thirteenth, sǎp sām, thirteenth, dì sǎp sām, a thirteenth, sǎp sām fán ji yi, thirteenth, dì sām sām, a thirteenth, sām sām fán ji yi, thirteenth, sām sām, a month of thirty days, yù dài, this name followed by the proper classifier as this man, nī gò yǎn, this ship, lì zhèk shù, this house, lì jiāng ú, that or this, bǐ chǐ, see that, cheating people like this, 这样压人的, this day, 今日, on this account, 事故, or 因此, physical, 大计, or 责例, a tall kind of physical, 马鸡, phōng, pii dai, losing the fonts, 松榜, thoracic, 空塘的, thorax, 空塘, differ, 到果恕, thōng, lǎ, guò, qì, guò, qì, thōng bùsh, lǎ lǎ, pricked by a thōng, 比立惨, beware of fonts in the slush, that is, beware of oppressing the weak, 烂扮防有痴, he is a thōng in my sight, 叫眼人, to treat on a thōng, 踩立立, thōngless, mǒ qì, thōng li, yǒu dō qì, hōr, sāng qì dik, phero, thōng, phero examination, 洞察, phero knowledge, 洞息, a phero acquaintance with letters, 通曉文字, 通曉文學, phero fare, 通行, 通路, 通渠, private, no phero fare, 私家重地, 老不通行, or 私家内地,老不通行, phero li, 盡地, or 曬, or 通透, 後, do do one's duty, phero li, 盡職, to mix or stir phero li, 調運, or 攪運, to fry phero li, 炒熟, phero li happy, 快腸, it is quite impossible to know another phero li, 或虎或皮,難或屈, to understand phero li, 洞息, phero li search, 窮救, steemit phero li, 征屬下, phero li understand, 豁然貫通, or 識破, examine phero li, 捐得透, to know it phero li, 知底, shake them phero li, 漏魂佢, vis, 個啲, do, 你, si, vi, do, 衰執, or 衰然, or 衰, do it be thus, 衰執咁, do you be clever, I am no fool, 你遮我唔外? As though, 好似, or 如, thought, 思念, or 念頭, or 意思, or 想頭, wandering thoughts, 散咁想, a diligent pen saves thoughts, 勤不免思, if a man take no thought about what is distant, he will find sorrow at hand, 人無遠淚必有勤憂, there was not one who thought of refusing submission, 無師不復, this last expression is frequently modified into 無師不復, meaning with a teacher it is easy to know how to do most things. Second thoughts are best, 再思可以, thoughtful, 有心機, thoughtful of gain, 心向你, thoughtfully, 有心思的, thoughtfulness, 心思, or 心慮, thoughtless, 心不在, or 外, or 不小心, thoughtless of the future, 不類後, thousand, 千, a thousand to one he will not reform, 千一不改, ten thousand, 一萬, there's fully ten thousand, 成萬都有, the thousand character classic, 千字文, tens of thousands, 百千萬, in a thousand pounds of law, there's not an ounce of love, lot 法無情, thousand, 第一千, throw, no, or, book no, throw them, 為 no, thrush, 打和, or, 倒和. To thrush maize, 打速米, thrusher, 打和者, thrushing, meaning a beating or a hiding, 打一場, give him a sound thrushing, 打他一大場, to catch a thrushing, 打書, thrushing machine, 倒和機器, thread, thread, seen, a thread, till seen, to thread, tune, a spool of thread, yet gas seen, to spin thread, forn seen, or gausa, a guide thread, yin seen, to wheel thread, put sa, to spin thread for weaving. Forn sa, the thread of life snaps lightly. Till man jab jab chui, or till man up up chui, floss and thread shops, yong seen pole, inlay with silver thread, sa lo, coblest ends of threads, beihai gun, imitation gold thread, ga gam seen, real silver thread, zhen ngang seen, to thread beads, chun ju, thread that needle, chun go ngang zheng, thread hong ha, to obtain by threads, big sock, to alarm by threads, ha zha, threaten ha, or wa, meaning thread or wa, meaning frighten, hong ha, to threaten with death, yi sei ha yan, to threaten with punishment, sui bi zha phat, threatening, phat waii, thri, saam, the founders of the three great dynasties, King Wen, his father and grandfather, saam wo, on three points, saam san, the three sages, yu, zhao gong, and confucius, saam seng, the three worthies, pei yi, ii yan, and waii, saam ji, three times, saam chi, or saam woi, in two or three days, saam lang yi, the three highest graduates in each degree, saam yun kap di, the three dynasties, ha, saam and zhao, saam doi, morning for three years, ding yau, o, ding gan, three of equal power, ding zhuk zi si, the three highest hanging graduates, saam ding kap, to take threes successively at gambling, lam saam, Manchus's mother changed her boat three times, maam wo saam chiin, the three-character classic, saam zi jing, the three rational and seven-animals spirits, saam wun chat pa, I asked for one thing and I've got three things, man yat dak saam, the sun is three rods high, that is nine a.m., yas shang saam gong, three-fold, saam poi, three-stranded, saam gu dik, a three-stranded caught, saam gu seng, fresh, versus fresh, saipang da, or da, threshing floor, wo chang, fresh hold, munchan, or muncham, to sweep the thresh hold, that is two menial work, phat yit, thrice, saam chi, phat thrice, saam si, do we thrice passed the door, he did not enter, said reproachfully of one who passes by without visiting you, saam gu qi mwun yi bat yab, thriftless, phao tou, thriftiness, gim, or jit yong, thrifty, han gim, a thrifty man, jit gim ge yin, thrill with pleasure, hei fun dou zhen, thrilling, referring to sounds, chao yi, or guk yi, thrive, phat dak, or chang hing, or hing wong, thriving and declining, seng sui, throat, hou long, or yin hou, phlegm rising in the throat, tam yong, cut the throat, ge geng, or mud geng, to cut one's own throat, ji man, ready to cut my throat to show I am in earnest, man geng yi gim chi, these are the throat, ni geng, nearly split his throat, sa po hou long, or mud po hou long, halued till his split his throat, nai po hou long, the heart in the throat, chop hay, irritation in the throat, hou chang, to cut one's throat cracked, ge po hou long, stoppage in the throat, yin hou, pierce his throat, chim kui hou long, throb, till the heart throbs, sum til yue, my heart throbs rapidly, that is, palpitate, my heart puk puk till thro, meaning extreme pain, kik tong, thro, wong wai, or yu zho, or long wai, the lotus thro, liin ga, or liin zho, on the thro, choh wai, thro, to ascend the throne, gui bou, or dang kik, or dang wai, a formal report to the throne, thai bou, lost the throne, sa guo, or sa wai, thro, zai yong, or yin bik, or yu zho, geng, or guk bai, or laksi, thru, yau, or geng guo, or tou, or tong, pur it through, chou yuan, to chisel through, that is, to corrupt, chun zhok, did not pass through my hands, but geng shou, he passed through all possible bitter experiences, hamsun phu la do geng guo, or through life, gui shai, to pierce through, zhok hong, to open the way through, zhok tong, to see one through and through, thai shi kui, punctuated all through, tong de dim, to pass through, tong heng, to see through his vedani, dong chuk kyi gan, how often did you read it through?  End of section 72. Section 73 of English and Cantonese Dictionary. This is a Librebox recording. All Librebox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit Librebox.org. English and Cantonese Dictionary by John Chambers. Revised and enlarged by Thomas Kirkman Diddy. Section 73. Throaster, da si sin jie, from the guitar, lai zang, or lai sam yin, from the roots, tan kam, fresh, white eyed thrush, wa mei zhe, black and white thrush, ju si zha, a kind of thrush that is garuelous, ba wua mei. A white-headed thrush sometimes used of an old man, ba tou yong, referring to a disease, hou lan, thrust, piu, thrust in, cha, thrust it upon him, ngat kue yu, thrust him out of doors, piu chot muon goi, to thrust out the hand, san chot sou, to thrust out the tongue, tou si, thrust it out, thu ya, yuen pa, fum, sou zi gong, or gui ma, a double fum, piu mao, or ma zi, as the thumb among the fingers that is prominent, noticeable. Wei gui ma, fum, pong, or pong zhe, or dum, or da, to thumb oneself to arouse pity. Dang tou hok, thunder, leu guang, thunder clap, pick, or pick lick, or hang leu, a clap of thunder, ting ei, a sudden clap of thunder, zat leu, thundering, loong loong, the god of thunder, phong loong, quick as thunder, sun leu, rumbling thunder, leu ting, in a thundering rage, leu ting zi no, a thunder cloud, wun tou, like thunder piercing the ears, yu leu guan yi, thunder without rain, huan leu, struck by a thunderbolt, leu da, you will see him struck by a thunderbolt out of a clear sky, li tai huan leu da kui, the thunderer, leu gong, thunder shower, leu yu giao zor, thunder storm, leu dian fong yu giao zi, thunder struck, zat geng, or a chor o, Thursday, li bai sei, dus, gom, or gom yang, dus much, gom do, or yok si, or yu si, or yau si, or yau si, it must need speed thus, san ding hai gom, is it thus, gom yang ge me, what does gom ge me, thus in this style, gom yang, surely not thus, gom ma, do them all thus, thong yiu gom do, it is really thus, yuen hai gom, swag, zong pa, or zong pi, or gua, thought, do thought, kung zor, or e, or boi yi, do thought once plans, kui yin ge gyi, what people's wishes, fud yin sei, or fud yin so yu, fai, li ge, fai, hui keng, fai self, li ji, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era, ti era 抱住佢, tick to tick, tick tick sound, ticket, 票, or 標, or 票, or 貼, or 紙. Share tickets, 會單, ticket containing tender of interest, 會標, lottery ticket, 百隔標, Malina lottery ticket, 旅送標, examination lottery ticket, 維生標, theater ticket, 戲標, porn ticket, 當標, passage ticket, 船為止, to issue tickets, 發標出去, to distribute tickets, 派籌, tickle, 整養, or 接, rousing by tickling, 撩醒佢, tickle the fancy of children, 如小子嘅意, may tickle my pellet, 可開我嘅位, to tickle the palm, 比撥露銀, ticklish, 酸軟, meaning troublesome, 難料理, ticklish times, 難事, title, 潮的, title grounds, 潮田, title water, 潮水, tight, 潮水, the tight rising, 掌潮, to go with the tight, 順水, high tight, 潮水掌高, up tight, 潮水底, or 水乾, flood tight, 水大, push the boat with a fair tide, that is improve the shining hour, 順水推船, both wind and tide unfavorable, 底風底水, the tight is to be relied on like a contract, 潮魚有約, head tight, 翼水, or 鴨水, avail oneself of the tight, that is make hay while the sun shines, 趕順水, to go against the tight, 向翼朝而去, or 雨中相抗, to go with the flowing tide, 脫流朝而去, or 雨中相和, a turn in the tight, 潮轉流, or 世界變為好或衰, there is a tight in the affairs of a man, 人事有勝衰, the tight has turned, 事情變了, to tight over, 舊人之苦難, time and tight carry for no man, 日月世矣,水不我餘, tight gate, 潮水雜, tight surveyor, 總巡, tight gorge, 落潮氣, tight table, 潮測, or 潮途, tight waiter, 老太, or 簽字手, or 鉗字手, tidally, 齊整, or 好看, or 結證, tidings,消息, good tidings, 好新聞, bad tidings, 空信, glad tidings, 喜消息, tidy, 齊整, or 啞結, tie, a tie, 帶, or 調帶, to tie, 綁, tie up, or on, 賴住, tie a knot, 打結, to tie in a bundle, 捆埋一束, to tie up with return, 捆藤, tie up a dog, 框狗, a lot of things tied together, 一框籠, or 一框籠, to tie up in sense of entangle, 框柱, tie on a morning cap, 爛頭髮, tie a knot, 打裂, to tie a loose knot, 打傷裂, to tie a hard knot, that is a rough knot, 打死裂, to tie a running loose, 打老鼠裂, to tie matters up, in sense of inciting to a quarrel, 打實個裂, to tie together, 聯絡, tie it tight, 放緊, or 前緊, tie one's hands, 前手, being tight, one has to submit to the beating, 綁住坑得打, with tight hands waiting for death, that is utterly helpless, 捉手待閉, to tie up caught up, 捉縫, tied around and twine, 營繞, tie by a rope, 搬係, tie him fast, 伴縮住佢, tie him up, 弄住佢, or 扭住佢, to tie on, 拉住, tie up the cow, 捺牛, tie up the hair and pins, 挂髮, a scout tie, 老蠻, tie neck, tie, 頸帶, family ties, 親親戚戚, the ties of friendship, 交友頭份之情, ties of blood, 骨肉嘅親, social ties, 五輪之情份, or 人輪, He has unintentionally tied his own hands. 佢係蟬蟲師爺, Tear, 層, Piled up tear on tear, 層層疊疊, One tear above it, 高佢一層, In tears, 層層痴痴, Rising gradually in tears.  Section 74 of English and Cantonese Dictionary. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information on the volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. English and Cantonese Dictionary by John Chambers. Revised and enlarged by Thomas Kirkman-Dilly. Section 74. Tile, 鴨, Run tile, 鴨桶, Flat tile, 鴨瓶, Written tiles, Placed in graves as proof of ownership. 地卷, Glaced tiles, 玻璃鴨, Green mossy covering on tiles, 鴨鱔, Tiled steps, 街齊, To tile a roof, 齊鴨, Imperial or Yellow tiling, 黃鴨, Rolls of tiles, 鴨行, Or 鴨籠, A tiled roof, 鴨面, Or 鴨背, Or 鴨頂. Ordinary red tiles used for floors, 街圈, To tile a floor, 圈地, Wolf tiles for exercise, 雲壁, Concave tiles, 嶺壁, Or 拱瓦, To lay tiles, 蓋瓦, Or 鋪街磚, Tile, 蓋瓦師傅, Tile, Meaning money drawer, 錢軌, Tile, Doe, Or Cup, Not till I am back, Wait till the last moment, 等到個蚊門, Argue till he could say no more, 搏到他母聲, Laugh till he aches, 笑到土尺, Tile to tile, 耕田, Tile the fields, 床田, Tile of the soil, 農夫, Or 耕田佬, Tile of the soil, 粒粒, Or 耕田佬, Tile of a boat, 帶瓶, Or 托桐, Or 大牙, Tile, Tile, 渣帶, Let's call the tiller, 宋帶, Tile Roup, 大瓶 seam, Tiles, 兜起, Tile, Tile, Tile, Tile Tilt it over, 雜質下, tilt hammer, 中垂, or 帶垂, timber, 木尿, a timber raft, 餐牌, timber merchants, 木箱, timber yard, 木廠, you felt timber, 堡林中的樹, or 坎伐, timber, 小鼓, or 單面鼓, time, 時, or 時後, set time, 期, add or keep time, 準, or 光音, mark time in music, 節樂, or 節奏, keep time in music, 道曲, at that time, 蓋時, allow more time, 比多日期, at this time, 這個時候, the first time, 頭次, time flies like an arrow, 光音此戰, fixed time, 定期, time flies like a shuttle, 日語如說, kill time, 消閒, husband wants time, 色光音, extend the time, 歡閒, past the time fixed, 過閒, just in good time, 定著時, Discuss it next time, 回來再說, the previous time, 上一回, time and again, 三回五次, this time, 這一回, yet time to repent, literally, the shore is still behind you, 回頭是安, You have come in the nick of time, most opportunity, just when you were needed, 天差來來執馬市, wasted time, literally, to climb a tree, to seek for fish, 原木構遇, to stay for a time, 血居, another time, 後會, periods of time, 時靚, spare time, 餘力, leisure time, 餘民, or 餘下, take your own time, 請便, A long time, 內九, a favorable time, metaphorically, wedding day, 街期, have not a moment of spare time, 抽身不下, improve the time, 趁時候, in time it will break, 日子內會爛, the time is up, 滿期, daytime, 日間, time and tide wait for no man, 日月世矣,睡不我餘, times referring to occasions, 回, or 將, or 次, or 變, or one, Three times three are nine, 三三該九, or 三三如九, in times gone by, 要素從前, informer times, 識時, indulgent at times, 幾分將就, healthiest times, 時用, several times, 幾運, or 幾下, pound it hundreds of times more, 中多幾百堆, bad times, 唔好世界, everybody has his times of ill luck, 個個都有三招兩人, behind the times, an expression applied to one who is old fashioned, or a slow coach, 一部通書讀到老, timely, 著時後, meaning early, 早, or, 及時, time server, 隨風令, time table, 時辰單, timid, or timorous, 膽細, or 無膽, or 膽怯, 無知氣, or 心諧, or 面皮薄, timid has a hair, 膽小如兔, he is far too timid, literally, things ghosts are in the floor part and thieves in the after part of the ship, 船頭方鬼,船尾方察, timidity, 膽怯, carefulness without the rules of propriety becomes timidity, 身而無禮,則細, timidly, 聳言, tin, 石, tripled tin, 共石, block tin, 連石, straight tin, 斗石, banker tin, 花石, a tin of condensed milk, 一貫牛奶, tincture, 藥酒, or 酒開, tincture of iron, 鐵酒, tincture of rhubarb, 大王酒, to tincture, 加息, or 染色, see tincture, tincture, 火煤熔, or 火熔, a tincture case with steel and flint, 火蓮包, tincture box, 火煤箱, time, 叉子, tin foil, 石磅, tincture, 染的, or, 染, or, 加息, this water is tinged with blood, 淚滴水為血染紅, tinged with, 大有滴, tingo, 響, make one's ears tingle, 聳聽, to tingle in the ears, 以明, tincture, 收補, tincture, tingle, 聽當響, a tingling sound, 靚靚聲, tin mine, 石磅, tin plates, 馬厚鐵, or 楊鐵, or 白鐵, tin zu, 金花彩虹,我, 銅箔. Tin so leafs, on a graduate's cap, 同業 a tensile maker 甘花象 tense of or tense of 大有啲 tiny un or unsized or 細細 or 微少 In tiny groups 三三兩兩 a tiny particle 千毫 the tiniest particle of 偶尼 the tiniest fraction 的咁多 tiny elements are difficult to cure Literally coughs and colds make a doctor frown 雙風咳嗽 醫生眉頭皺 tip 占柱 tip him 咁啲背手 tip up a sedent chair 裝繳 take up with the tips of the fingers 臉指 the tip of the nose 背端 a tip to a waiter 上蝶 a tip to a coolly 茶甘 or 鞋甘 tips for putting on heels 鞋尾釘 the tip of the tongue 雪尖 the tip of a pen but full to tip with silver 以銀包旗尖頭 to tip over 側轉 don't tip it over 毛雜汁 tipple 飲罐 or 酒 what's your tipple 飲乜嘢 tipler 多飲酒不醉者 or 酒鮮 tipsy 半醉 to get tipsy 飲到醉 tip toe 銀高腳 tip toe of expectation 銀腳望 to stand on tip toe tip toe 吉高頭 it came in on tip toe 佢吉起腳趾尾效入來 tip top 第一 or 十分好 or 三水佬攞撩哥 tirate 張大嘅言 or 高潭 tired 見卷 or 見累 or 身卷 very tired 好舊眷 rather tired 貴乃地 or 貴乃地 if you like it you'll never be tired of it 落齒不疲 tired some meaning tedious 長氣 or 疲難 tiring woman 疏頭媽 tissue 羅敏 or 齊成 or 齊成嘅 tissue of the body 肌肉嘅汁 tissue of a plant 木嘅汁 tissue paper 書內蓋畫嘅博子 or 公村子 tidbit 美美 to take the tidbit literally to skim off the fat pit go min type 十分之一 to type 取十分一 typing man 補長 or 地補 or 甲補 the typing militia system 補甲法 hundreds and typhings 補甲 tutelates 爪 title 專號 or 官涵 title too 應得 or 積份 or 廢號 an official title 職員 or 積涵 or 頭涵 to confer a title 家職 to call out the titles as a levy 長涵 may I ask what is your title 請問台府 titles of nobility 著風 to get a title by purchase 捐涵 or 捐職 title of cuisine graduates 文徽 dynastic title 廟號 titles of confucius 孫妮 or 孫父 or 文孫王 or 孫姓 hereditary title 細雀 hereditary title in perpetuity 細雜網替 inherits a title 雜音 title of a book 書名 title page 書面 or 書名紙 or 書軌 tittle 希少 tittle 師浩 tittle tittle 罪話 or 芝芝渣渣 tuttula 虛名dick or 有名無實 therm above Burlesome So in order to 玉玉, all roads lead to Rome, 家家門口通北京, to go to school, 去書館, drink to excess, 飲酒過渡, in order to 以 以為, 以知, to my knowledge, 照我所知, to make to pattern, 照樣做, give it to me, 比過我, opposite to, 對面, to and fro, 來來往往, or 來往, to old age, 到老, about to go, 想去, give a thought to it, 想一想, things have come to ahead, 試到頭來, come to hand, 收到, to come to note, 意不成, to fight to the bitter end, 打到尾, game to the back bone, 大膽到極, he arrived to the minute, 正合時到, did it to his cost, 做到灰, turned to stone, 邊以為石, pay respect to written paper, that is, don't defy it, burn it, 競色自止, I belong to another province, 我是外匡的face to face, 面對面, I took him to task, 我帶馬他, to arms, 預備槍, to horse, 預備馬, and of section 74, section 75 of English and Cantonese dictionary, This is a LibreVox recording. All LibreVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibreVox.org. English and Cantonese Dictionary by John Chambers, revised and enlarged by Thomas Kirkman Deely, section 75, Toad, 琴渠, or 甲拐, Toad Stools, Edible Toad Stools, 地蓋, or 草菇, or 冬菇, Toady, Literally run after the successful and caught the powerful, 吹炎富世, Toady to him, 曬得他到, Toast to toast, 航, or 航礁, Toast bread, 航麵包, Toast the beard at manhood, 雲騷, A slice of toast, 一塊航麵包, Toast rack, 航麵包架, Tobacco, 煙葉, or 煙, Raw Tobacco, 生煙, Prepared or cured Tobacco, 熟煙, or 明煙, Scented Tobacco for the hooker, 水煙, Tobacco shop, 煙林, A Tobacco pipe, 煙桶, or 煙袋, To smoke Tobacco, 壓煙, To chew Tobacco, 穿煙, Today, 今日, or 本日, From today onward, 今以後, Today does not secure tomorrow's affairs, 今朝不保明朝事, Toadle, 得下得下, or 細細步下, Toe, 腳趾, Toe of a shoe, 鞋頭, Great Toe, 腳趾公, An odd Toe, 屏茂, To lift up the toes, 舉止, To cut off one's toes, To escape the bites of sand bugs, that is, to make great sacrifices, to gain any particular objects, 斬腳子被沙虫, From top to toe, 自手自足, Together, 共埋, Or 同埋, Or, 撒埋, Meaning United, 麻埋, Or 共, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同埋, Or, 同 同一齊, huddle together, 拉閘埋, roll together, lock埋, to seal first together, 拼皮草, nicely patch together, 拼好, to meet together, 會同, to go together, 同一齊去, agree to keep together, 結女, all together, 齊女, go together, 拼埋去, limit all together, 湊埋一氣, or 對埋一氣, well go together, 我同你去, wait till all are together, 等齊, take all together and put it together, you under, 拉埋齊個書, taken all together, how many are there, 拉埋有幾多, to fold together, 接埋, to consult together, 公議, rise together, 拼起, stand together, 拼立, sit together, 拼坐, living together, 相處, leak together, 結戀, taken together, 戀埋, to stick together, 相交, banded together, for good or evil, 交戀, to rank together, 同一齊, to pin together, 叫針, to take all together, that is, at one how, 一孤鬧, to scrape all together, 裂埋一堆, or 裂埋曬, press it together, 夾埋, or 夾住, pull close together, 扯埋, talks, or, or talkery, 衣裳, or 衣服, toil, 鹹虎, or 爐虎, to toil, 勤爐, or 爐鹿, toiling and moiling, 蚊波爐虎, those who toil, 爐者, laborious toil, 堅挑背負, the toils of warfare, 狂馬功勞, unselfish toil, 效勞, to toil all one's life long, 爐虎終身, the toils of the hunter, 裂網, toilets, 裝身台, ladies' toilets, 裝簾, where toilet is done, 裝扮起嚟, paper toilets burned to the seven sisters, spirits of the plaiters, 梳裝盤, a toilet case, 鏡簾, toilet table, 梳裝台, toilet sink, 爐虎, or 爛, token, 記號, or 號, a small token of my affection, 小二師, as a token of my friendship, 以表之外, ranked tokens, 船提, or 玉提, in token of ascent, 以表合意, told versus tell, 話過, toilet, 上等見名, tolerable, 做得過, or 少納, or 少可, or 過得去的, tolerable translation, 可以過得去的翻譯, tolerable entertainment, 掃街嘅燕, tolerably, 中等的, or 都算幾好, or 少, tolerably well done, 可以做得, I am tolerably well, 我身子少好, speaks Cantonese tolerably well, 佢話本地話都算幾好, tolerance, 寬容, or 容忍, or 寬書, or 任由, tolerant, 任人自變, tolerate, 任忠, or 容忠, I cannot tolerate you any longer, 我唔容得你過, can tolerate, 無得起, all religions are tolerated in China, 中國國教街準人奉行無禁, toleration, 任由, or 許, 兔, 個路錢, or 過橋錢, or 睡響, to 兔 a bell, 打鐘, 兔 booth, 定睡房, 兔bar, 索前閘, 兔bridge, 索前橋, togethera, 收稅官, tomato, 金錢吉, or 番茄, tomb, 墳墓, vaulted tomb, 名寵, or 清寵, to worship at the tomb, 踏清, the tomb festival, company, known as Chinese Easter, 清明, to repair tombs, 收粉, to worship at the tombs, 買粉, an abandoned tomb, 放粉, to prepare a tomb, 掘蟲, the imperial tombs, 亡靈, or, 寵靈, or 凌寵, to worship at and to repair the tombs. 買粉, an abandoned tomb, 放粉, to prepare a tomb, 掘蟲, the imperial tombs, 亡靈, or, 蟛靈, or 凌寵, to worship at and to repair the tombs, 買粉, and or 凌寵 to worship at and to repair the tombs. 拜祖 the tomb of Confucius, 聖域 the tomb of the Chang family. The character 山 is commonly used in this sense, 長山, 湯 boy, 粗魯的女子, tombstone, 墓碑, tomb, 一步, or 一大卷, tomb fullery, 蠢蠢外外是幹, tomorrow, 明日, or 明日, 吞, 燈, or 十六淡, tone, 聲音, to sing in a drawing tone, and high-pitched key, 義王康, or 幫子康. What tone has it? 是什麼聲呢? Has it the same tone? 同音不同呢? The uneven tones, 側聲, winning tones, 叫聲, clear tones, 響亮, the right tone, 調子聲, tones and sounds, 陰雲, a subdued tone, 帶聲, or 帶陰. The four tones, in pronunciation, say 聲, namely, the even, the ascending, the receding, and the entering tones, 平聲,上聲, 去聲, 入聲, the lower tone, 下聲, mark the tones, 圈聲. Words of the same sound rhyming together in different tones, 聲, 通, 吻, rhymes in the even and deflected tones, 平吻, 側吻, the tone of society, 吻, 風, or 風, 氣, or 行, 為, to alter the tone of society, 以, 益, 吻, 風, to alter one's tone, 改其行為, tones, 火鉗, a set of fire irons, shovel and tones, 一副產鉗, 湯, 條泥, or 石頭. The tone like a sword and the lips like spears, metaphorically, pointed sarcasm, 涉劍純腔, fur on the tone, 泥衣. Be numb the tone by eating anything too hard, 轉條泥, put out your tongue, 新條泥出泥. Double tones, 三口兩里, a third tone, 泥鞋, or 泥胎. As smooth tones as a cat's cellar, 賣貓禁口角, a slip of the tongue, 忽然, or 忽口. Four horses cannot overtake the tongue, that is, give a lighter start, and it cannot be overtaken. Second, 四筆及舌, clip tongues, 花牙利嘴, tongue tied, 刺利, or 瀨牙, or 石頭 net, or 劫舌. Tonic in medicine, 補血, a tonic used in pregnancy, 補產. To take tonics, 補血藥, tonics, aphrodisiacs, one bow, a tonic dictionary, 分雲自典, tonight, 今晚. Tonic, 船載貨嘅輕重, tonic news, 船鈔, coast wise tonic certificates, 免船鈔執照, tonsil, 牛核, tonsure, 落髮, or 羅漢頂, two, 太, or 過頭, or 德制, meaning also, 兜, too large and broad, 粗大, too little, insufficient, 短少, much too short, 短切咁短, too many, 多得狠, too late for repentance, 復仁慈, too late to reach, 慈來不及, is it too late, 慈唔慈, too late, 慈曉, he came too late, 佢來得慈, rather too much, 略多, don't be in too great a hurry, 唔使太急, make too much of it, 少提大作, too short, 短切切, too fine, 為過頭, too fast, 趕過頭, too fastiduous, 拘執過頭, too light weight, 萬唔夠, too little, 小聲, too desolate, 份外光, too many at it, that is, too many coax, 七手八腳, too few, 太少, too much for me, 唔勝得起, eat too much, 飽滿, much too little, 太不及, too early, 太早, too small, 太少, too great, 大得濟, far too insipid, 淡得濟, too, 加火, or 棄居, the mechanic who wishes to do his work well must first sharpen his tool, the carpenter's tools, 木杖加火建物, tooth, 牙, or 牙齒, a tooth, 隻牙, mollus and upper front teeth, 牙齒, a set of teeth, 一副牙, teeth chattering with coat, 牙齒打掛, teeth firmly clenched, 牙關緊閉, strong teeth, that is, argumentative, 牙力, to extract teeth, 拔牙出來, to stop teeth, 傷牙, tooth ache, 牙痛, end of section 75.


So you guys listen, we are live in Atlanta and the big purpose behind this honesty is to actually talk to people Get their real experiences the real thoughts if you don't get out of the office and come and talk to the people who really have The real experience as you're doing yourself a disservice. So this is our street interviews you guys I think it's a great great opportunity to find out what people really think about policing And what better to do it than in the city of Atlanta We are near the CNN building and we're gonna have a tough conversation about police reform and what that looks like Mother of two amazing young black men. So as a former CEO and Actually seeing what goes on in the prison system and I feel like it's very well of you know That's cool. The prison pipeline that goes on as well. So I think I Don't as far as reform It's basically just listening to what's listening to the voices, okay, and what do you mean voices? What do you mean by that? I feel like sometimes as black men the voice is not heard Really, I think the problem is that this connect between the people and the police force I Think people are from the beginning like from children they grow up seeing the divide they see themselves as one side and The other side as you know the opposition like I was pulled over the other day Under suspicion of stealing catalytic converters and I was I was like wearing a button-down shirt like right nice clothes coming from work Okay, and like if you're stealing catalytic converters, you're gonna be covered up and dirty I'm not wearing that and How well how was the officer was he was he professional was he respectful or the first the first officer was very professional he was a city cop and He was outside of his jurisdiction, but my description matched and so they called out like four County officers hold on hold on hold on.  Where are you coming from and why are you here now? like if you Were in the ear of politicians What would you tell them that would have a big impact and Robertsa changing the system like what what direction are we going? What things do you need to point out just anything off the top of your head from your personal experience? I feel like as far as like nonviolent offenders I feel like we are black men are more incarcerated in our other counterparts.  I was like I'm just coming from work Just got some taco bell He was like you need to think about that one more time because I got witnesses and I got camera I got a camera cameras all over and I was like I'm telling you the truth. It's like whatever Okay, he goes off for a few minutes. He comes back. He's like we're gonna need to search this vehicle now we can wait 30 minutes to get a warrant from the cameras or you can go ahead and let me do it now and Like I know they're fishing and I should have I knew my rights, but I shouldn't have let them do that Okay, I guess it's so much because I see it a lot Especially even in the prison system where a lot of black men are also mistreated. Yeah, so So me actually do you think do you think a big solution would be to have more? Representation of black people in the okay. Well, that's the challenge, right? We've talked about this a lot is that we need more representation within our community But how do we fight that stigma that a lot of people notice when it comes to being black we get we get called names We're in so we're called sellouts. So then how do we fix that problem? Like what what do you think will be a good? Remini to that solution to get to encourage black people to get in the profession to have that impact actually I did actually apply for the police department, but that was that was a That came later on but grown up if I saw more More if I interacted with more African-American police officers that were actually telling me what it's like to be a cop talking about the The lifestyle right that that you could that you could live You know when you're a kid you really don't really understand those things you want to you want to shoot for the stars You want to be a celebrity right this or right or some kids? They want to be they want to be in the streets, but um the Sheriff of that County is a really crooked dude, and I mean he takes bribes and everything Oh, hold on Do you want it? Do you want to shout out that County at all or listen this this is what let me Just say this this is what this is about right Having sharing people's real experiences that they have with law enforcement and then also talking about what needs to change for those Who don't know and I didn't tell you I'm formal law enforcement, right? So so Russell doesn't know and I'm advocating to bring about change right because that isn't fair That's not okay, and he does have rights like we all do as citizens and we want to discuss those things that need to Change and so he's saying hey listen these officers tried to finesse us out of our out of our freedoms, and that's not okay How do you think he should have the officer should have handled that situation because you cooperated just simply because you didn't want any Any trouble right, but what do you think would have been a fair way for the officer that to handle you more professional way? The first cop was very professional. He said if it was up to me I would have let you go by now, but since out of my jurisdiction they need to come and do their thing And I was like okay cool. I get it And then the second cop they had no right to try to get me to search my vehicle They were fishing you know, I think the problem is just just the history just a history of the police force It's like this um that that you know it is it's the brotherhood We've seen it documented on shows and TV like now people saying a defund the police Personally, I don't understand that I don't understand the fun the police But you can see the you can see the shift in and How police are doing doing their jobs they're like oh Oh, you want to hold this accountable and you're gonna you're gonna act like you don't respect this and things like that So just watch you heard of the situation going on in Chicago from last weekend with the riots with the teens Did you hear about that? All right, so what are your thoughts and Revisa? How can we fix that situation the teens are all over the place in Chicago? Of course a lot of them are black kids. We've seen on on the news the media What are your what are your thoughts to that? Is there anything that we could do to reverse that problem? I Feel like it starts at home, right? That was a lot of kids though, that's a lot of homes that's a lot of homes so so what I mean What can how do you can't legislate people's households? So then what do we do as a community? What is missing out of our community that we can take responsibility for to where that problem gets Significantly reduced away boys and girls clubs Boys club boys and girls clubs We don't have that when I was growing up we had that for our for my age group and I feel like a lot of the people that I was in the boys and girls club with we became very successful But we had something to do after school other than just a after-school program And I feel like those after-school programs are just a placeholder for oh into my parent gets home So I feel like we need to bring back those boys and girls club those boys clubs those mentors In Atlanta, we had that situation I don't know if you're here for but do on when the incident with race our Brooks took place a lot of The police kind of step back and let the citizens do their thing and we saw the crime go up So a lot of violence go up and so So last let me ask you two more questions and that type of situation with a police scale back And this they leave the citizens to kind of handle things on their own Do you think the black community? Do you think we're prepared to have a community without law enforcement or do you believe that we absolutely need law enforcement? We just need better law enforcement or law enforcement law enforcement that looks like us. I Think we just need better law enforcement So much trouble as we capable of getting into What are we gonna do police ourselves? You're gonna be better people's to make sure that you know keep the crime rate down. I don't think so And come to find out later The sheriff is Joe Chapman Walton County by the way He told them to interrogate me to try to find something go fishing See if I had drugs in the car That's what they're really searching for because obviously I asked them before they conducted the search like What are you looking for in specific? He said some tools. I was like why drive a truck. I got tools in my truck No, I'm a country boy driving driving a truck. I got some tools He was like crime to have tools He said he's looking for a sawzall and I was like all right I don't have a sawzall and it was like midnight. So I was just trying to go home and I said Screw go for it. Listen. We had an amazing time today We spoke to a lot of great great people out here in the city of Atlanta You got their thoughts on criminal justice reform police reform and overall what we could do What type of steps we could take to actually really make a difference you guys? Thank you so much for rocking with us today. Look forward to more of these three interviews I'm real Nathan Daly and signing out. Peace


Felly, yn ymgyrchau, yn ymgyrchol yma, hefyd yma hwnnw, maestrich gyda'r unig, a Professor Hannah O'Hannan, a'r unig yma. Mae'n gwybod i'r gweld o ymgyrchaf o ddefnyddio eu ddefnyddio eu ddefnyddio eu ddefnyddio o'r prosesol yma. Hefyd, hwnnw, hwnnw yma hwnnw o'r osbysau o'r programau hwnnw, ymgyrchaf ymgyrchaf eraill, o'r programau hwnnw o'r edrych o'r edrych o'r ysgol yma ymgyrchaf yma. ydych chi'n fwy o'r maes giants, yw'r uned a fyddai'r unigodd a'r ddweud o'r uned yn penedigion. A oeddwn ni'n ddweud am gyfwynghau arall i'r cyd-dau cyn'Draeth, am y ddweud yw awdurdodol yn ei ddweud. Felly, mae'n angen i ddweud o'r cyllid o'r cyd-dweud syddol yn cyfodol yn gyfodol yn y ddweud. Felly mae'n angen i ddweud o'r cyd-dweud o'r cyd-dweud o'r cyllid o'r cyd-dweud, a'r unrhyw gweithio newid yw'r Comisi yn y bydd y gweithio a'r ddechrau Gwyrdd-Deuces Cerddurellol i'r ffordd yw'r cynyddu'r ddechrau cyfrifiadau a'r llais o'r rhaglion cyrraedd yw'r unrhyw ar y llais o'r cyfrifiadau, oherwydd i'r cyfrifiadau sy'n cyfrifiadau i'r rhaglion cyrraedd efo'u gyfrifiadau perthio'r cyfrifiadau ac o'r cyfrifiadau i'r Rhaglion cyrraedd yw'r Rhaglion cyrraedd. Felly, first of all, thank you very much for having me and special thanks also to Ben for arranging such a nice trip and also such I think a stimulating stay for us in Dublin. I'm also really delighted to talk to you a bit about the Austrian perspective on European Security and Defense policy and when I was preparing for this talk I was really a bit thinking like, OK, when you think about what could Irish people be interested to hear about Austria. ac os ond meddwl dydyn ni wedi bod gwyfod suspicious interests a'r llwyiau yma sy'n gyffredig ysty Poeth pyrambaniaeth i fynd.  Llywodraeth ymddi chi wedi'i ei hun o'r cwestio? Yn tîm wnaeth eich bydd ymdweud ymddi'r cyfwil yn y clwr a'i'r cyfwil yn y tîm rhyw ymddraeth ei ddweud ac yn y cyfrifigias bwysig ymddi'r cyfrifigias. A έfob oedd ymddi i'r rai ysgol ei gyllid, ac yn fan y cyfrifigias bwysig, ac mae'r cyfrydd fyddyn nhw yn mynd i'r aelod y gallwn. The first point on neutrality, I mean I think we have what you really see when you think about Austrian neutrality in security and defence policy, very often Ireland comes up as an example too, so very often in the analysis that you read it's like oh we are a bit like the average but a bit different. In the end neutrality it's in our constitution and it's an ingrained part of our neutral politics. What's interesting I think when you look at the development over time that's really something where I think it helps sometimes to take a bit of a bigger time picture was that of course at the beginning neutrality was very comprehensively defined. It was really we are neutral, we are not engaging economically, politically, military in taking sides in any conflict. So that was really the old cold war, during the cold war the concept of we stay out of it. And that of course changed over time especially in the 80s and 90s where you could see that what they call in Austria we define it as a differentiated neutrality. So the idea was well you know the world is changing, it's that we in the end define neutrality in our constitution in terms of three things. And in the end they are clearly defined also in our constitutional lawmaking. We can't use military force without a UN mandate outside of our borders. So if you want to participate in a UN mission, if you want to participate in a mission it needs to be under UN mandate. We can't join military alliances and I will later on talk a bit about how this changed with CFSB and we can't station foreign forces on our territory. This is still in the end what it says in our constitution and where everyone agrees on. What of course changed there, we join sanction policy, we of course join politically different alliances. But this is very clearly defined okay, a differentiated definition of neutrality about more of a military aspect. What's interesting then is that you really saw when Austria joined the European Union in 1995 so we actually were celebrating 20 years of membership that many observers said we saw a double speak. We saw actually a development of this whole neutrality discourse in two direction. There is the public discourse, we are neutral and you know it's the cornerstone of our foreign policy. It's what keeps us safe, it keeps us sound and it keeps us prosper and we are not going to change it. So that's in the end the public discourse. And one thing that you also seen in the last 10, 15 years very strongly evolving is it's a very emotional discourse. Even if you have politicians who just want to point out let's have a very more profound discussion. What does it mean to be neutral as a new member? They are shut down very quickly by the public reaction in terms of that's not something we are wanting to discuss. We like our neutrality. And that of course also harms the discourse. But what was interesting is it also created a second layer of neutrality definition. And that's what's really like when our government negotiated with the European Union. It's still very much present that in the end we said oh yeah we are neutral but we also want to actively participate in CFSP. And in the end it's also said in our constitution that well being part of the common foreign security policy and participating in security arrangements is not in contrast to our neutrality provisions. And that's in the end still what is happening at the moment. The question of course is where is the red line? And what I found quite interesting I was also looking a bit more at the recent documents especially in terms of military planning. In terms of okay what's the future of armed forces of defence policy in Austria. And when you open the document and I want to quote here because I found it really interesting. One of the first paragraph is following. The EU is the central framework of Austrian security policy. It is about military service actively engaging and looking forward in cooperation with our European partners. That was one part. But then it goes also on Austrian defence policy rest upon an engaged neutrality politics and the notion of European solidarity. And what I found so interesting when you look at these different documents you have this public discourse. We are neutral and we can't do anything. But very often actually from the expert side we have this push of saying no we have actually to talk and we have to be more active in participating in cooperating. That was the first thing on neutrality and because I wanted to mention is because I think we still struggle a bit with this tension. So on the one hand we have public opinion being very strongly against any touching and discussing of neutrality. At the same time we have politicians but also many military experts who are saying well we should be much more active. And we should be much more honest in what we mean with defence cooperation. But we should also be much more active in shaping the civilian dimension of European crisis management and crisis operations. And that's also something where many observers are very critical because very often Austria says oh but we mostly participate in the civilian dimension of crisis management. But what you then see happening in reality is that they are just labelled as civilian personnel. But actually it's military staff who is engaging in this operation. So you also see there that very often it's a not very honest depiction of what is actually happening on the ground. This whole discussion of neutrality then links together with a second dimension that we see happening in Austria more generally informed policy. And that many people also criticise and that is really a provincialisation and a nationalisation of the discourse. So what really saw happening in the last 10-15 years is that many discussions that were about what is the role of Austria in the European cooperation in defence and foreign affairs in the international world was then pulled back into a national discourse of what does Austria want and what is the Austrian interest. And sometimes very local discussions as well. So for example when we had a discussion about the Austrian security strategy in 2013 the task for security and defence policy was widened widely. Our military, our defence forces, our security forces should take care of a broad range of security issues. Also bringing in a lot of internal security aspects of course. And I think that's also modern and what's happening in many other countries. But what many people criticised was it was like a catalogue of two pages and there was no prioritisation. There was no talking of how do we now in the end set the focus and link this in the next step with operationalising with also creating the means. So what we could see that there's a lot of discussion of what Austrian defence and security policy should be with. But it reads more like a wish list and it's really very quickly just in the end fades away because we don't see that there's a follow up especially politically in terms of what should be the priorities. So very often what we see it's no prioritisation, no resource planning. But we also see a lack of military capacity or just staff capacity, insecurity and defence. So one thing that perhaps I should also mention also we still have a conscription army. And in 2013 we had a referendum if we want to get rid of our conscription army and perhaps have a professional army. Which also would link in the end to the expertise that we got of ok we want to do more crisis management, we want to do more civil cooperation. So we should have more professional focus, we should have a professional army that can actually participate in that. At the same time what we saw is I checked the numbers that what we had experienced in 2000 we still had 3000 forces. It actually had dropped to 2000 in 15 years. So we actually had much less military staff, most of them conscription. But at the same time we had very old structures and very old command structures. So then we always were laughing that actually there are more military people in the command structure than actually on the ground. So in 2013 there was this push by our government. Ok let's talk about this. The problem was and that comes back to what I meant it's a nationalisation and bringing back the discourse very often away from the security discourse. Because the way they had asked in the referendum was ok we give you two possibilities and I will just look that I don't misquote them. But one was ok you can have a conscription army or a civil service that is in the end for everyone male above 18. Or you can have a professional army and a voluntary service here where we don't know if these young people are actually going to support our social sector. So that was the in the end we had a referendum with two questions. And the way they had linked it was that the debate in the next six months was all about should we have a voluntary social year or should this be mandatory for those that don't want to go in the conscription army. You could really see it was very frustrating for those who tried to talk about ok how can we professionalise modernise the defence and security services. Because it was all about ok what do Austrian people want in terms of social service. As with many references we had a turn out I think of 53%. It was mostly elderly people who participated in the referendum. And I think the rate was 63% said oh no we keep the conscription army. And what I found very fascinating you could really see for those who had really worked hard and trying to see ok how can we mix or how can we match. Or attempt to get a professional crisis oriented civil cooperation in our security and defence. At this point really took a blow because they were saying you know we worked so hard in trying to explain to people that this is what we need. And actually we still don't have the means that we would need to go ahead. And that brings me to my last point that I want to make because I think when we talk about security and defence policy of course it's also linked a bit to the wider political will. And the political strategy that we are seeing. And there we see that in Austria we had a very active form policy despite neutrality. It was always that ok we are neutral but it doesn't mean that we built a wall and pretend there is an outside wall. But we want to be the centre of mediation. We had a lot of different organisations with the seat in Vienna. And this was really something that was also appreciated and saying ok we want to be active in our peace politics. But unfortunately that did not really last in the last 15 years. So what we really see is again a refocus on national issues. And one of the things that of course you could see it also depended very much on internal politics. So for example we had a foreign minister who was also the vice chancellor at this time. And he actually declared publicly that I'm not interested in form policy. My task is to explain form policy to Austrians. And he actually very often did not go to foreign affairs council. We had the same in the Ministry of Defence where we had defence ministers who had interesting ideas. But they didn't have the expertise and the background that perhaps it would need to push forward their portfolio. And at the moment what we see we have no new defence ministers in January. He has very interesting ideas but he comes from the police forces. And he puts a very strong focus on internal security. And again it fits widely with the wider security and defence focus in terms of modern security, cyber security. But you also have very traditional things like all we should support border control. We want to especially at the moment of the refugee crisis the military should be in charge of managing the border. The military and the security forces should be in charge of emergency management. So especially when we have avalanches in the winter. But also in the summer we get more and more flooding now. That's really where you see you can also win plus points in the public debate. And that very much shapes at the moment of how Austrian security defence policy is discussed. As again I just wanted to mention these different things because I think they really show a bit this tension that we are observing in Austrian defence and security policy. And that also reflect a bit of what's happening in how Austria represents itself I think in Brussels and in this cooperation network. So on the one hand there are sometimes attempts to say we want to more actively talk with partners especially the non-aligned and the other neutral partners. And saying what can we actively do in the civil crisis and emergency response areas. But that are very individualistic attempts. And what you see that especially on the political level the will and the strategic thinking is just not there. Because mostly they couldn't sell it at home because of our neutrality. One thing that will be interesting in 2018 Austria is going to hold the presidency. And I was just looking through the plans for the new coalition of what they want to focus on. Of course also with the Trier Presidencies. And one thing of course that's very strong and that will remain is proactive engagement in the Western Balkans. So that's also in terms of international crisis management. That's also really something where the Austrians still put a strong focus and also want to remain in Kosovo, in Bosnia in terms of peacekeeping. A strong discourse on the link between internal and external security especially cyber security digitalisation. And the last, the third item that they said they want to focus on in security terms is cooperation on the external board on border management. And in the end I think we are all very familiar with the whole discussion on asylum policy. I'm really glad to be here and really glad to speak about the contemporary challenges for both Finnish and European defence. For the special reason that for a long time, and now I'm thinking looking at this from a perspective of a researcher. For a long time the main challenge in the field was how to find something new to say. But now that is no longer the main challenge a lot is happening and there is no lack of things that we should discuss. Last year if we take it very shortly last year in Finland was perhaps a wake up call of some kind. Otherwise the other Finnish defence thinking is rather slow moving. We now also find that it is positive to be slow. But anyway things are now happening at a different pace. Many things are moving fast, decisions are being taken, plans are being prepared. And a big question that I would like to put to us from a sort of European perspective is whether everyone is on the move and whether everyone is moving more or less to the same direction. Or whether it is rather that some are moving, others not and those who move are moving into different directions. Is it that the need to do something that we now also clearly feel? Is it that it leads to action nationally rather than on any other European level? Would it be that the European plans look a bit repetitive and slow and lagging behind when compared to the sort of urgency of the situation some feel? Perhaps the gap between national and European is getting wider and gets back to this towards the end of the presentation. But let me first describe to you the main elements of Finnish security and defence thinking. And starting with the big picture of relations with NATO and thinking about the EU. As you know the basis of Finnish defence has been and is national. It has often been characterized as an independent or perhaps credible national defence. But what has changed in recent years is that emphasis is more and more on the growing importance of international cooperation for defence. This is new but it doesn't say that international would somehow replace national. You certainly also know that Finns very much like to debate NATO membership. Finns relations with NATO are really quite close. They may be closer than those of many member states one might say. Anyway the current format these relations take is the NATO enhanced opportunity program with many enhanced opportunities. Such as pre-approval as a partner to crisis management operations. Participation in the initial phases of NATO's operational training and exercise planning and cyber defence cooperation. It's more than being a partner. It's being a special partner that can take part in the preparatory stages already. Moreover both Sweden and Finland have seen their role in crisis. Particularly when NATO has started to look more at the Baltic Sea. And there a new format has been found that is called the 28 plus two. Which would be NATO members Sweden and Finland. That would be a format that has been used for discussing Baltic Sea regional security issues. New status not really but a nice addendum to this partnership. Of course limited in space and in time. Anyway NATO membership remains an option as we say in Finland. And the most recent debates last year were mainly about the theoretical question of whether Finland and Sweden should join together. If they were to join or what would happen if one of them joined and the other didn't. We had an independent experts group that wrote a report on NATO membership last year. And the general conclusion was that NATO membership was found to be interesting. Yes but very difficult in foreign policy terms. It would mean too big a change in our foreign affairs. And that is relations with Russia. So interestingly NATO membership was not a question about security and defence. But it was a question about foreign policy. It was also a bit surprising to see that the change in the security conditions. The security environment didn't have much. Of course they had importance. But usually we have always been saying that the only thing that can change the NATO membership discussion in Finland for real. Is an important change in the security situation in the sort of neighbourhood. Now there is one but it doesn't change the NATO discussion. So that was a surprise as well. But of course there is awareness of the worsened security situation. And this awareness is very visible also in the government report on Finnish foreign security policy. That came out last summer. It contains an intriguing sentence that I really would like you to continue. It would be lovely to hear what you think it says. It starts with the primary aim of Finland's foreign and security policy is to avoid becoming a party to a military conflict. I don't think you were expecting that. It's the awareness of the fact that there might be a conflict that we didn't have before. So much for the NATO discussion and general security situation. On EU defence the government was in the report and is positive but not too detailed. Similarly our president, Sauli Nenister in his New Year's speech just said the European Union is needed much more than in decades. But it is now weaker and more fragmented than ever. And he said the Union's security and defence cooperation has taken a step forward. This is good he said and an avenue that must be kept open. So positive but not too clear. Overall Finland has always been supportive of EU security and defence policy and of all the security strategies and of the idea of having a security strategy. So also the global strategy of last year. A bit about the expectations that Finland had perhaps regarding that strategy. Finland was aiming at seeing a strengthened internal coherence and solidarity in the EU. Also more ambition perhaps in the goals on deepening security and defence policy. More conflict prevention early warning. Finland wanted to make the Arctic one of the priorities. And of course Russia what the strategy says about Russia was very important. Finland wanted to see the importance of dialogue there. But also the limits to cooperation if Russia does not respect international law. And I think Finland broadly got what it wanted. There is in the strategy a paragraph on the Arctic. And the strategy is rather clear on Russia as well. Russia is set to challenge the European security order at its core. And the strategy says that managing the relationship with Russia is a key strategic challenge. Yet it also says Russia and the EU are interdependent. And there are perhaps overlapping interests. And if there are overlapping interests then it would be nice to have discussion and cooperation. So the strategy says something about selective engagement in certain areas. Now the question of course is to what extent this strategy is consequential about its implementation. It somehow looks like the implementation plan was more an inventory of measures and possibilities that we know from before. The EU battle groups, the PESCO, the research and industrial cooperation, cooperation with NATO. All this is no doubt fine. But it doesn't seem to prompt any particular enthusiasm or action or policy. They are just there. So not much is happening in that direction it looks like, seen from the Finnish perspective. But more is happening when it comes to cooperation with Sweden. Their cooperation has been really deepening in the past years in exercises, information exchange, surveillance. And our government's reports on this is very, very generous. Saying that this defence cooperation can apply to all situations. It may even include defence of territorial integrity. And joint use of civilian and military resources. Almost anything. But still there is no plan to have any defence alliance. I think it is too important for both countries to keep their options open. And their decision making unrestricted by any commitment. So a lot of cooperation there that is new. Also action happening nationally. I think more will be spent in defence in the future. There is a special government report on defence policy that will come out now in February I guess. And it is expected to lead to discussions about increasing military spending. I don't expect very much opposition. National defence is usually a sort of positively regarded issue in Finland. But there are other changes. There is certainly more. The goal is more clearly higher readiness. You know we have this large defence force. Perhaps the largest in Europe based on conscription and well trained reservists. It would be a bit slow for the quickly moving world of today. So now high readiness is the goal. And also the possibilities to call the reservists to training with a shorter notice is something that has been discussed and even decided. But what is interesting on a sort of more general level is that the separation between times of peace and crisis is now less clear than before. And also the line between crisis and non-crisis. Our chief of defence just told in an interview that if there was an attack against Finland now it would start suddenly it would be full of surprises. It would be difficult to grasp and one where it becomes difficult to organize a response. So it doesn't sound like the traditional one when we send the soldiers to the forest skiing in a snow white camouflage. But it is somewhat more surprising. One needs to prepare for the unexpected and of course hybrid capacities are put at the centre. Now Finland is establishing a centre on hybrid threats with a number of countries including the US. Many European countries also the EU and NATO in some form. It would be a centre like an international organisation that focuses on research and training. And it would aim to strengthen the other parties' resistance of resilience and prepare for hybrid threats by training and research these kinds of activities. So in all it looks like when action is needed and nowadays solutions are first looked at a national level. And international cooperation is now said to be more important and essential. But the interesting thing is that it isn't the multilateral cooperation that we would first think about. Bilateral cooperation is now overriding both the EU and NATO. And I'm not only speaking about Sweden. But Finland now has bilateral defence-related agreements also with the UK, with the US and with other neighbouring countries. And now it is discussing participation in the joint expeditionary force led by the UK where northern European NATO countries participate. And all this looks very attractive to Finland as it seems to be capacity enhancing in many ways. But I would like to end here perhaps on a sort of more general note with a question of whether this bilateralism is a more general tendency that we see today. And what it is in that case that makes bilateralism more attractive than multilateral solutions? It seems it is, but why? Is it simply more reliable perhaps? It is perhaps easier to calculate to you know what you get out of it. It's easier to control more efficient than the multilateral frameworks. And then the question of course is what will happen with the EU. The problem might be that the EU does not have much to offer in terms of concrete contribution to national defence or to solving the new very concrete problems. Well perhaps it has, but it doesn't have the capacity to articulate the ways in which it could be helpful. And this in turn impacts on how much a country like Finland actually invests in influencing or in leading or in shaping the EU policies and how much it prefers being active elsewhere.


the three areas that I believe that every person needs and every person will be tested in. Number one, provision. Number two, protection. And number three, purpose. Because we have these three deep needs in our life, if we're not careful, our life could be led and guided by the need instead of by the voice of God and by the spirit of God. And people that allow their need to drive their life oftentimes find themselves in the wilderness, find themselves in trouble, find themselves in the dry places, find themselves with the broken life. You can't allow your need to dictate the direction of your life. The spirit of God must lead you in every area in your life. Fasting hopes to submit our desires and our needs to the word of God and to the voice of God.


We have an economic and political crisis in this country. We need to develop a political movement prepared to take on and defeat a ruling class whose greed is destroying our nation. Tell me, is there some society you know that doesn't run on greed? You think Russia doesn't run on greed? You think China doesn't run on greed? The world runs on individuals pursuing their self-adventures. Democratic socialism means that we must create an economy that works for all, not just the very wealthy. The reason why you say that is because it is so hard for people to get out of the notion that life is a zero-sum game. They think if one man benefits, another must lose. But in a free market, both people can benefit. If somebody works 40 hours a week, that person should not be living in poverty. In the only cases in which the masses have escaped from the kind of grinding poverty you're talking about, the only cases in recorded history are where they have had capitalism and largely free trade. We must raise the minimum wage to a living wage. The minimum wage law is a law requiring employers to discriminate against low-skilled people. That's not the way anybody will describe it, but that is in fact what it is. It makes far more sense to me to put millions of people back to work rebuilding our crumbling infrastructure. The great achievements of civilization have not come from government bureaus. Is it really true that political self-interest is nobler somehow than economic self-interest? You know, I think you're taking a lot of things for granted. And just tell me where in the world you find these angels who are going to organize society for us? Well, I don't even trust you to do that. My vision is transforming American society. Yeah, I don't have any doubt about his sincerity, but I think sincerity is a much overrated virtue.


Yeah, we on boss talk one-on-one one-on-one.  It's a non fungible token. So it's an image So like anything here is an image. This is an image Uh, that all these are images and You can mint these but what minting means is you can make a collection And now people say oh man, these are in the store hidden away They in the store over here unique fashion in the middle, uh, uh ball springs like but what if somebody wants that picture? And they're willing to pay for that picture Now you're minting 10,000 of the pictures with you and my micro but does it have to be a picture that nobody else has It has to be like one. No, it could be anything like it could be anything But but the point but but it's not about what it is. It's about the community All right, and we talk about the blockchain Okay, now we're going to the blockchain. So you can have an nft. You can have an image All right, you say I want I'm gonna mint this image. I'm gonna put it on the blockchain. What blockchain? What blockchain? You don't have a community.  You know what I mean? So I was like wait, these are sharks I said these are sharks man. I said so what kills a shark? either a school of dolphins Our goddamn orca We making these orcas So I was like we gonna make these orcas but what We're gonna make some cool orcas too. They're cool.  So it's artwork. So like if you went into Sotheby's Are for for some viewers Sotheby's is like a art gallery and I could be you know, there's art galleries all over the world and they hold the Mona Lisa's and the Jackson Pollux and the Salvador Dali's and them, you know all the finest art Now this this is what it is. But what there's nothing in the art. There's no Tangible thing. So what we load into these images is smart.  So if you have that picture So let's say that picture was an NFT in that picture.  Oh another thing that's another thing that I was seeing You know, I'm a solution. I'm a I'm a solution guys Right. I don't problem solve it like where's the problems? Let's solve it.  That's true. I'm eating. I mean I've I've met I have met everybody's doing so the most brilliant minds So blessed to have met the most brilliant minds I've ever I'm talking about the nicola teslas the Einstein's I'm talking about the And They all have these things but I was like, what if tomorrow they got hundreds of millions of dollars in this In this crypto like sitting in and they can transfer it over. It's all you know, that's that's I'll teach you guys. Yeah, I'm gonna be dropping that. Yeah, but but you know, they can in this crypto They got they were 200 million dollars, but guess what if the power grid goes out?  I'm the community the people I'm trying to bring in What do we do we partner with a gold mining company? So now every month half of your returns is coming because you're in the blockchain The returns as doc as orca united blows So do you so do you so do you so do you so you everybody blows In the community so the value of holding that orca that image Right and you maybe you bought in at like say a thousand dollars 1500 dollars, which awaits to probably probably Let's say point five a theorem, right?  No, we start a floor, right? You know, you but if you're in at point five then chat comes and buys the orca And he said he buys a orca for a million dollars. Guess what? That's a million dollars.  So now you have a physical asset put that on the couch Put that in safe take that to the boom don't take it to the bank put that in safe at the crib Right, you know, I mean in case something goes south.  Yeah, it's insured. You want something that is not and don't take the gold to the bank Right because what the bank shut down? Oh, they're not gonna give you you think they're gonna send a 30 day notice To let y'all know If they pull the plug they pulling the plug No more banks. Yeah, we on boss talk one on one one on one. Yeah, we gonna talk


Hello, brilliant cloud community, and welcome back to AWS re-invent. We are here in Las Vegas, Nevada. I'm Savannah Peterson, joined by my co-host Dave Vellante. Dave, how you doing? I'm doing well, thanks, yeah. Yeah, I feel like you've got a lot of pep in your step today for the fourth day. My voice is coming back, actually. I almost lost it yesterday. I looked at you, resilient. Yeah. I actually, at a Hitachi event one time, almost completely lost my voice. The production guys pulled me off. They said, you're done. They gave me the hook. You got booted? Yeah, you guys actually got the hook. Wow. So I have good memories of Hitachi. I was going to say, interesting that you mentioned Hitachi, our two guests this morning are from Hitachi. Sid and KP, welcome to the show. How you guys doing? Looking great for day four. Great, thank you. Thank you. Hanging in there. Thank you, Dave and Savannah. Yeah, cool.  Pentaho, yeah. Which kind of got you guys into that software edge. It was very, right when you announced the name change to Hitachi Ventara. It was very cool. It had Brian Householder on. You remember Brian? Yeah. I was getting the vision and yeah. Yeah.  Yeah, I've been around a long time. Yeah, all right. This is casual flex to start us off there. Damn, I love it. I love it. Sid, we've talked a lot on the show about delivering outcomes. It's a hot theme. Everyone wants to actually have tangible business outcomes from all of this. What are customers, how are customers realizing value from the cloud? What does that mean? See, still 2007, 2008. It was either or kind of architecture. Either I'm going to execute my use cases on cloud or I'm going to keep my use cases and outcomes through edge. But in the last four, five years, and specifically we are in reinvent, I would talk about AWS. A lot of the power of hyperscalers has been brought to edge. If you talk about the snowball family of AWS, if you talk about monitor on edge devices, if you talk about the entire serverless being brought into lambda coupled inside snowball, now the architecture premise, if I talk about logical, shift is and. Now the customers are talking about executing the use cases between edge and cloud. So there is a continuum rather than a binary Boolean decision. So if you are talking about optimizing a factory, earlier I'll do the analytics at cloud and I'll do machine on edge. Now it is optimization of a factory outcome at scale across my entire manufacturing, where edge, private cloud, AWS, hyperscalers, everything is a continuum. And the customer is not worried about where, which part of my data ops, network ops, server ops, storage ops is being executed. The customer is enjoying the use cases and the orchestration is abstracted through an industrial player like Hitachi working very collaboratively with AWS. So that is how we are working on industrial use cases right now. You brought up manufacturing. I don't think there's been a hotter conversation around supply chain and manufacturing than there has been the last few years. I can imagine taking that guessing game out for customers is a huge deal for you guys. Big, because if you look at the world today, right from a safety pin to a cell phone jacket to a cell phone, the entire supply chain is throttled. The supply chain is throttled because there are various choke points and each choke points is surrounded by different kinds of supply and geopolitical issues. Now we talk about a wheat crisis happening because of the Ukraine-Russia war, but the wheat crisis actually creates a multiple string of impacts which impact everything. Silicon, now we talk about silicon but we then forget about nickel. Nickel is also controlled in one part of that geopolitical conflict. So everything is getting conflagrated into a very big supply issue. So if your factories are not performing beyond optimum, if they are not performing at real, we are talking about factory, hyperscale of the factory. The factory needs to perform at hyperscale to provide what the world needs today. So we are in a very different kind of a scenario. Some of the economists call it, earlier the recession was because of a demand constraint. The demand used to go down. Today's recession is because the supply is going down. The demand is there, but the supply is going down and there is a different kind of recession in the world. The supply is what is getting throttled. And the demand is somewhat unpredictable too. People, retailers have messed up their inventory and so the data is still siloed and that's where you get to, okay, when I have the same experience across clouds, on-prem, out to the edge, kind of bust those silos. I don't know if it's certainly not entirely a data problem. There's, like you say, geopolitical and social. There's so much complexity. But there's a data problem too. So I wonder if you could talk about your sort of view of point of view on that cross-cloud hybrid, out to the edge, what I call super cloud. Absolutely. So today if you look at how enterprises are adopting cloud or how they're leveraging cloud, it's not just a hosting platform, right? It is the platform from where they can draw business capabilities. You heard in the reinvent that Amazon is coming up with a supply chain service out of the box in the cloud. That's the kind of capabilities that business wants to draw from cloud today. So the kind of multi-cloud or hybrid cloud, public cloud, private cloud, those are the things which are going to be behind the scenes. At the end of the day, the cloud needs to be able to support businesses by providing that services closer to their consumers. So the challenges are going to be there in terms of reliability, resilience, cost, security. Those are the ones that many of the enterprises are grappling with in terms of the challenges. And the way to solve that, the way how we approach our customers and work with them is to be able to bring resilience into the cloud, into the services which are running in cloud, and by driving automation, making autonomous in everything that you do, how you are monitoring your services, how we are making it available, how we are securing it, how we are making it very cost effective as well. It cannot be manually executed. It has to be automated. So automation is the key in terms of making the services leveraged from all of this cloud. That's your value add. And how do I consume that value add? Is it sort of embedded into infrastructure? Is it a service layer on top? Yeah, so everything that we do today in terms of how the services have to be provided, how the services have to be consumed, there has to be a modern operating model. I think this is where Hitachi has come up with what we are calling as Hitachi application reliability center and services that is focusing on modern operating, modern ways of how you support these cloud workloads and driving this automation. So whether we provide a hyper-converged infrastructure that is going to be at the edge location, or we're going to be able to take a customer through the journey of modernization or migrating onto cloud, the operating model that is going to be able to establish the foundation on cloud and then to be able to operate with the right levels of reliability, security, cost is the key and that's the value added service that we provide. And then the way we do that is essentially by looking at three principles. One, to look at the service in totality. One are the days you look at infrastructure separately, application separately, data, and security separately, right? No more silos. No more silos. You look at it as a workload and you look at it as a service. And number two is to make sure that the DevOps that you bring and what you do at the table is totally integrated and it's end to end. It's not a product team developing a feature and then ops team trying to keep the lights on. It has to be a common backlog with the error budget that looks at product releases, product functionalities and even what ops needs to do to evolve the product as well. And then the third is to make sure that reliability and resiliency is inbuilt. Cloud offers native durability, native availability, but if your service doesn't take advantage of that it's kind of going to still be not available. So how do you kind of ingrain and invert all of these things as a value that we provide? There's a lot of noise. We've got hybrid cloud, we've got multi-cloud, we've got a lot going on and adds to the complexity. How do you help customers solve that complexity as they begin their transformation journey? I mean, I'm sure you're working with the biggest companies making really massive change. How do you guide them through that process? So it is to look at the outcome working backwards like what AWS does, right? Like, you know, how do you look at the business outcome? What is the value that you're looking to drive? Again, it's not to be pinned through one particular cloud. You know, there is a lot of technology choices that you can make and a lot of deployment models that you can choose from. But at the end of the day, having a common operating model which is kind of like modern agile and it is kind of like keeping the outcomes in the mind that is what we do with our customers to be able to create that operating model which completes the transformation by the way. And cloud is just one part of the Lego blocks which provides that overall scheme and then the view for driving that overall transformation. So let's paint a picture. Let's say you've got this resilient foundation. You've kind of helped the customers build that out. How do they turn that into value for their customers? Do you have any examples that you can share? It would be great. Yeah, I can start with what we're doing for one of the world's largest facility infrastructure, power, cooling, security monitoring company that has their products deployed in 2,000 locations across the globe. For them and always on business means you're monitoring the temperature, you're monitoring the safety of people who are within the facility, right? A temperature shift of one to two degree can affect even their sustainability goals of not our customer but also their end consumers. So how do you monitor these kind of like critical parameters? How do you have a platform? How do you have cloud resources that are going to be always on, that are going to be reliable, that are going to be cost effective as well is what we're doing for one of our customers. Siddh can talk about another example as well. Yeah, go for it. Examples, rail, we are working with a group in England. It's called West Coast Partnership and they had an edge device which was increasing in size. Now this edge device was becoming big because the parameters which go into the edge device were increasing because of regulation and because the rail is part of national security infrastructure. We have worked with West Coast Partnership and Hitachi Rail which is a group company to create a miniaturization of this edge device because if the size of the edge device is increasing on the train, then the weight of the train increases and the speed profile, velocity profile, everything goes down. So we have miniaturized the edge device. Secondly, all the data profiles, signal control, traction control, traction motors, direction control, timetable compliance, everything has been kept uniform and we have done analytics on cloud. So what is the behavior of the driver? What is the big breaking parameter of the driver? If the timetable is being missed, is there an erratic behavior being demonstrated by the driver to just meet the timetable? And the timetable is a pretty important criteria in rail because if you miss one then. So what we have done is we have created an edge to cloud environment where the entire rail analytics is happening. Similarly in another group company, Hitachi Energy, they had a problem that arguably one of the largest transformer manufacturer in the world. Now, transformer is a pretty common name now because you're seeing what is happening in Ukraine. Russia went after the transformers and substations before the start of the winter so that the district heating can be meddled with. Now the transformer, it had a lead time of 17 weeks before COVID. So if you put me an order of a three phase transformer, I can deliver it to you in 17 weeks. After and during COVID, the entire lead time increased to 57 to 58 weeks. In cases of a complex transformer, it even went up to something like two years. Now they wanted to increase the productivity of their existing plant because there is only that much sheet metal, that much copper for solenoid, that much microprocessor and silicon. So they wanted to increase the output of their factory from 95 to 105, 10 more transformers every day, which is 500 and which is three, six, five, zero, every 3,650 every year. Now to do that, we went to a very complex machine. It's called a GYARG machine and we increased the productivity of the GYARG machine by just analyzing all the throttles and all the wastages which are happening there. There are multiple case studies because see Hitachi is an industrial giant with 105 years of body of work. KP and I just represent the digital tip of the arrow, but what we are trying to do through HARK, through industry cloud, through partnership with AWS is basically containerizing and miniaturizing our entire body of work into a democratized environment, an industrial app store, if I may say, where people can come and take their industrial outcomes at ease without worrying about their computational and network orchestration between Edge and cloud. That's what we are trying to do. I love that analogy of an industrial app cloud. Makes it feel easier and decreasing the complexity of all the different things that everyone's factoring into making their products, whatever they're making. So we have a new challenge here on theCUBE at AWS reInvent where we are looking for your 30 second hot take, your Instagram reel, sound bite. What's the most important story or theme either for you as a team or coming out of the show? Can Ponder it for a second? It might be different. See for me it is industrial security. Industrial OT security should be the theme of the Western world. Western world is on the crosshairs of multiple bad actors and the industrial security is in the chemical plants, is in the industrial plants, is in the power grids, is in our postal networks and our rail networks. They need to be secured. Otherwise, we are geopolitically very weak. Gone are the days when anyone is going to pick up a battle with America or Western world on a field. The battle is going to be pretty kindestine on a cyber world and that is why industrial security is very important. Critical infrastructure. Absolutely. Well said, Sid. K.P., what's your hot take? My take is going to be a modern operating model which is going to complete the transformation and to be able to tap into business services from cloud. So, a modern operating model through Hark that is going to be my take. Fantastic. Well, can't wait to see what comes out of Hitachi next. Absolutely. Sid, K.P., thank you so much for being here. Absolutely. This is actually, talk to you all about supply chain all day long and thank all of you for tuning in to our continuous live coverage here from AWS re-invent in fantastic Sin City. I'm Savannah, excuse me, with Dave Vellante. I'm Savannah Peterson. You're watching theCUBE, the leader in high-tech coverage.


Thank you for joining me today My name is Calvin. I'm a senior developer and morph. I've been doing front-end and back-end Drupal for many years Lately I've been involved in projects that make use of the size system to maintain the look and feel of their website and Today I would like to share my experience of building Drupal with Twig to implement the components defined in the design system So one of my daily tasks is to transform a standard Drupal size into the design our clients wants But how? In Drupal we have default a default template engine called twig By making use of the twig functions together with the Drupal design system the Drupal template system We can do something amazing So what is a different so what is a template engine a template engines takes a static template Combines with process data and turns into dynamic pages Let's see some examples I've a standard Drupal 10 site with some content setup It's set up with two content type article and page Some wheel mode default full content and teaser wheel modes and In this demonstration, I'm using bootstrap for our theme and this is the bootstrap sub theme After this is enable This is what the site look like I'm not sure about you, but That's pretty much how I feel when I first look at the site I'm sure bootstrap can do something Better than that So let's see how we can improve it From the bootstrap website, I find this horizontal card and I think that will look good on our teaser wheel mode So let's bring that into our theme. So I first Created a components folder. This is a folder that I'm putting all the bootstrap template and We will create one for the horizontal card So go back to the bootstrap website copy the code and place that into our theme So we replace those bootstrap content and for now we are putting some variables in and That's it. So that piece of code is the implementation of our cards But in order to use that in our wheel mode, we need to set up the wheel mode template wheel mode templates are defined in Drupal and By adding the template into our theme it allows us to override the default template and We will set up for the teaser wheel mode for articles So this is what the wheel modes look like and let's break it down We use the include function, which is a trick functions to pull in the components We just create it and we map the fields into the variables So this is a side-by-side wheel on the left We have the teaser wheel mode and the right is the on the right hand side is the cut the components the cut horizontal that we created and We are mapping the image field into the image the label into the cut title and the summary field in the cut test And it will turn this one Into something like that Which I reckon is much better But if you take a closer look into it It's actually The corner of the image is broken Trust me. It doesn't look good. Like especially if it does and colored image It like I'm sure your kind won't be happy with that So and the reason for that is when we create the component If we put it side-by-side with the bootstrap template We have some classes missing those one highlighted and In order to fix that We need help from preprocessor So preprocessor function defined in the theme function in the theme file It can help us to prepare variables that doesn't exist in the template So in this example, I'm pulling out the data from the media and the file entity and make them available in in our template So with how we've the help of preprocessor function, we can now set up the images with the white classes and Once is that is applied. That's what it looks like Let's also check out the full content will more This is what it looks like by default Which isn't too bad. We have the image on top of the body test But again, there's room to improve in Full content will most we want to set up layout template This layout can be reduced in other content types to keep the site consistent And this is a simple two column layout set up with bootstrap great system and We use blocks to define the region and later on we can assign fields into the regions So let's set up our full content will mode for our articles We use extends to pull in the layout and Then we use blocks.  We have the image fields in the sidebar And we have the body fields put in the main content region So after it is in place It turns the articles With two columns layout like that the same sidebar layout we can use it in other content types So in page content type again, we can use extend to pull the Layout in and this time we are assigning a Menu in the sidebar and when we set up the body fields in the main content region To make things more versatile We can set up variables. So instead of that like four eight columns We can replace them with variables So that we can have different column with in different content type So on the left the articles we set up for each column and on the page content type We have different width for the sidebar and the content and after it is set up This is what the articles look like and this is the page content type with the sidebar menu and different column width So to build a site with twig There are some common techniques that we are using So we have the template we set up the templates in the theme folder to overwrite the default template P processor help us to prepare the variables and we have covered some very handy functions from twig include extend and blocks That will allow us to set up components in template that we can use in wheel modes And if you ever need to use the components again in other places Let's say if you want to set up as a paragraph type or you need to do you use the include function to map the fields into the variables Same as layouts once it's defined you can use it in different places and we use extend and blocks to fill in the fields into the regions and There are much more functions available. You can check out All the functions on their website Some of them are very much like PHP functions that allows you to massage the content before this displaying onto the template So That's by no mean the only way to build a Drupal site But I hope my demonstration today give you some idea Next time when you build a website so, thank you and I noticed you are using the view modes and the displays like manager The only strategies for Wondering like the order that they're in or the groups that they might be in in your actual templates Like you're sort of printing each part out The ordering of the field is that what you're referring to Yeah, so this is like Yeah, you just put different fields in the template Inside the block the one way to do it and other way you can also like leverage the The wheel modes in the Drupal UI so to set the order but I'll pretty much just like I have the field body If you have other things just put it on it That's the way how I do it Which is a conflict module That's right, that's right. Yeah for the oh exactly that one there Yeah, so that is the tweak the twig tweak module, which is very powerful and you can see even allows you to find the level of the manual and do the configuration all Right at the time plate Without that you can still do it like with pre-processor function But that would be a lot of much more work to do but this yeah, the tweak Twig tweak modules that just fast shred the process for you