So, Osmocom GMR, it's one of the latest member in the Osmocom family. I'll start with a quick introduction on GMR generally, then a technical introduction on GMR1 and finally the software itself that we wrote and how to use it. Okay, so what is GMR? GMR stands for Geostationary Earth-Obit Radio Interface and it's an ETSI standard for satellite phones, so essentially these phones. ETSI is the same body that standardized GSM and they reused a lot of their specification for GMR and if you read the GMR specification, you will find lots and lots of reference to the GSM specification, sometimes referencing entire chapters. GMR is two distinct standards called GMR1 and GMR2. They are not evolution one of the other, so GMR2 is not a replacement for GMR1, they exist in parallel and they've been developed by different vendor groups. In this particular talk, we'll talk only about GMR1 and more specifically the first of the three revisions. So, the first revision just called GMR1 is the equivalent of a standard GSM 2G circuit switch, so essentially voice and SMS and nothing else. A later revision came and it's called GMPRS and it's obviously the equivalent of GPRS, basically adding packet data over GMR and finally the latest revision is GMR1 3G which essentially adds more channel types for IO bandwidth and also interoperability with the UMTS core network. So, where is it used? One of the most important deployment of GMR1 is the Turia satellite network and it's the one we studied because it's the only one visible from Europe and since most of the actually all the developers are in Europe, that's the only one we can receive. More specifically the Turia 3 satellite which is at orbital position 44 east is the only one we can see exactly from here. There are other deployments, for example SkyTera and Terrestar are in the US. ICO, I don't really know well and InMarsat was actually at some point just renting capacity on the Turia satellite and didn't have its own satellites. GMR2 is used in the InMarsat ISAP phone which is a quite well known network as well but we won't go into further details. So, this is the coverage map for the Turia network and as you can see it pretty much covers everywhere except the Americas but here in Europe we are well within the optimal coverage zone and so receiving it is not the problem. So it's heavily based on GSM so it makes sense to compare it a little bit. So the first thing they did is they renamed everything. They changed basically the B into the G for of course Gateway or Geostationary depending on the type and the MS which used to be the mobile station so your phone is now called MES which is Mobile Earth Station. They introduced some useful stuff so specialized features. One of them is the terminal to terminal calls. So if you from a Turia phone you call another Turia phone to avoid to go through all the way from the phone to the satellite to the core network back to the satellite back to the other phone they introduced a shortcut where a phone can talk to the satellite and directly be bounced onto another phone without ever going through the core network and another feature it's called eye penetration alerting and this is because satellite phones don't at least these models don't work at all inside you need almost direct line of sight to the satellite so to the sky but you still want to be able to receive calls when you are inside and so they have some very specific channel types that they've much higher coding gain so that when you're inside you cannot place calls you cannot receive SMS or anything but you can at least if a notification that okay someone is trying to call you you have about 20 seconds to go outside and get the call so that can be useful. It has very tight link to GPS from the start for example all the almanac and ephemeris data from GPS are sent from the Turia satellite to help the phone get a GPS lock much faster and the phone will actually report its position each time it opens the channel to the satellite so that the satellite knows exactly where you are. They introduced a new codec because of bandwidth limitation and they invented a new cipher but we'll talk about that later. From a protocol stack point of view the radio frequency layer and channel coding layer so the lowest layer of the stack are completely different you find the same concept but all the details are really different so different burst, different modulation, a lot more channel types to handle special cases. Above that you have the data link layer which is called here LAPSAT instead of LAPDM. Both are based of the LAPD in the ESD world but they've been adapted for the peculiarities of satellite that is very very long delay because the satellite is like 36 000 kilometers in the sky so for each round trip time it's like 240 milliseconds which is quite high. On the layer 3 level I will detail all the layer afterwards but quickly on the layer 3 level the RR which is radio resource is again completely different and we'll see how it is different everything above that is exactly the same as GSM so no difference whatsoever. A small peek into packet data the situation is similar that is the lower level which are LLC and MAC are different but LLC and above are completely common. So this is an overview of a GMR network and you can see the protocol stack on the bottom. Everything that is in color is specific to GMR everything that is in white is common with GSM with no modification whatsoever so as you can see everything that's in the core network is shared with GSM exactly the same. So in detail you have the satellite which communicates with the phones on earth obviously using what's called spot beam so they are the equivalent of cell in the GSM world spot beams are artificial small zone of coverage that are generated by the satellite using beam forming algorithm of course when I say small it's small at the you know planetary level so it's like a hundred kilometer wide it's not that small something like that. The signal is bounced back to what's called the GTS the combination of the GTS GSC which is a gateway transceiver station and gateway it's GCS actually there is a typo it's a gateway controller station and from there it goes through the GSM core network so MSE HLR typical GSM stuff. Something that's interesting to note is that the satellite only plays a role at the physical layer so data link layer is entirely handled from the phone to the gateway station and it's not touched at all by the the satellite the satellite doesn't have much logic it just bounce back the signal into an aggregate feeder link. So as I said the physical layer using spot for the communication between satellite and form using spot beam it is frequency duplex like in GSM so you have a part of the band that's reserved for communication from the phone to the satellite and another part of the band that's reserved for the inverse direction. It's divided into RFKN 1087 of them which are not not actually very wide there are only 31 kilohertz compared to GSM which is something like 280 kilohertz so they are very small channels. The feeder link so that's the link between the satellite and the main gateway station on earth can happen either in C band or in K band but that's about all that said in the specification there is no other technical detail available at least publicly to what exactly happened on that feeder link. So let's take a look at the physical layer in a little more detail. As in GSM it's entirely synchronous complex TDMA scheme in some aspect it's simpler than GSM in some aspect it's more complex than GSM it really depends on where to look but basically they have to take into account power consumption because something very important on the satellite is that there are some broadcast information that is sent permanently I mean all the time okay periodically I would say and they have to make sure that they don't transmit that information at the same time in all the spot beam because this would create a very high speaking power consumption on the satellite and so this is reflected somewhat in the TDMA alignment and you have to take care of that. A major difference compared to GSM is that okay so you can see one of the TDMA frame here is composed of 24 time slots and the birth that is the packet for information exchanged on the network can occupy several consecutive time slots which was not the case in GSM 2G at least. One of the main problems in the physical layer is the synchronization that is when a phone is powered on it needs to find the carrier essentially so it needs to detect is there a carrier on that particular frequency or is it aligned in time and what is the frequency error because demodulation requires a very precise synchronization between the clock of the cell phone and the clock of the satellite and the crystals and oscillator used in the phones are not that good and so the error must be detected and compensated and I think they found a very elegant solution in this particular waveform which is called the dual chirp so a chirp is a single tone that is varying in frequency over time the graph the picture represents frequency vertically and time horizontally and so you can see that you have two spikes in frequency that crosses each over over time drawing kind of an X in the in the waterfall display and I won't go into all the mathematical detail but this waveform has very interesting property most notably is that if you if you capture roughly what this waveform is using you do a rough accusation by a simple correlation it won't be very precise but it will be good enough to know more or less where it is like in this window and then you multiply that by a reference up chirp so only the ascending part you do the fft and you take the peak frequency of the fft you call that f1 you do the same time for the down chirp and kind of magically the time alignment error will be proportional to f1 minus f2 and the frequency error will be proportional to f1 plus f2 if you're interested in t into why exactly that is you can follow the link there's a very interesting paper about it so packets of information are exchanged in burst on the on the physical layer and they are modulated using what's called a pi4cq psk which is a modulation which is completely different from from gsm again there are two slight different variation one uses a quad phase shift keying the other only has a two phase shift keying but these are the two modulation that are the most used onto the physical layer they are relatively easy to demodulate and we'll see that later on there's a lot of different of burst types too much to list here but it's the demodulation that doesn't change between them there are other types of channels that have very specific purpose like for example the eye penetration alerting as a very specific type of burst and there are some kipa live bursts that are used in very specific cases that uses different modulation represented on the on the bottom and and also for gmprs and 3g you have more modulation types that can be very very complex you can see the the constellation pattern of 32 a psk is much harder to to demodulate and to increase the bandwidth even more even more for packet data instead of using the the base symbol rate of 23 000 kilo symbol per second they can actually use either twice that symbol rate four times that symbol rate or five times that symbol rate to just put even more data on the same on the same channel okay so this was the rf layer the channel coding layer is what will take care of taking the layer two frames breaking them into burst and ensure that they're transmitted correctly by applying error correction and error checking every channel type in gmr uses of course a different method for it but hopefully they all use the the same basic primitives so that's that's kind of good news and we have implemented all of these so essentially it's it's very it's the same primitive that i used in gsm and a lot of other protocols that is convolutional code crc checking scrambling to avoid brands of zero of one that would pose problem in the modulation stage and something interesting is you can see here is the encryption is applied in layer one like in gsm okay LAP set is the data link layer honestly i think it's a bit it's not a very interesting layer but its role is mostly to take the variable size l3 messages and split them up into chunks that fit into bursts and ensure things like retransmission in case packets are lost things like that so layer three is a kind of the let's say the application layer or something its lowest sub level is called radio resources and it obviously is the establishment of dedicated link between the the phone and the satellite this layer is completely different from gsm which is kind of logic because the kind of radio resources that are managed are different you will find the same concept so for example you will find immediate assignment message you will find paging messages actually you find you will find exactly the same types of messages but the detail of how they are encoded and the information contained in them is is different because the of course the detail of the physical layer are different the upper layer mobility management which provides user location tracking and authentication and confidentiality so exchanging the mz for the tim z things like that and the connection management layer are all common with with gsm and so we can reuse all the code that we already wrote for those okay the speech codec was as i said they used a new codec called ambe or at least the the codec family is called ambe standing for advanced multiband excitation it's low bit rate to well to feed the need of the satellite channel unfortunately it's proprietary by a company called digital voice system incorporated there is no public specification whatsoever and there is no reference implementation provided which is kind of a problem for us because that means that we can't either decode nor encode speech data hopefully there is kind of a two way we can get around that the first one is called mbe lib so the same family of codec is used in apcode 25 and dmr if i remember correctly um and someone implemented those particular variants they are different from the variant used in gmr but at least some of the concepts are similar unfortunately the author is anonymous and we have no way to contact him to ask him to to to see if he if he has some some clue about how to decode gmr frames so if by any chance you know him you know the other lead we have is that well the phone codec is obviously implemented in the phone most likely in the phone dsp because the phone dsp is a ti dsp and what the coincidence dvsi provide ti dsp code source for decodec so we could most likely try to find it in there but this is going to be a lot of work and so if there is a way to bypass that that'd be nice from a security standpoint a few words there is some good and there is some bad i'm not sure if the good was intentional or just the byproduct of other decision but uh it's there the the first good news from a security standpoint is that the contention resolution does not echo um the first message so let me explain that a bit in gsm something for an attacker something that's very useful is that the first message sent by the phone to the network um has two interesting properties the first one is that it will always contain some form of unique identifier for the um for the subscriber either it's imzi or it's timzi so that allows you to identify the channel the other nice property of this burst is that the bts which will actually echo the the content of this burst during the contention resolution procedure that means that even if you can only listen on the download link which is very common um you still uh can attribute a given dedicated channel to a given user and this is something um that has been used to do a targeted sniffing on gsm and things like that uh in gmr uh it is not the case the it technically it could be echoed but there is another option and that other option is what is always chosen as far as we can uh as we can tell is that uh it will transmit uh like a csc or ash of the original message so the phone can still know if it's was this message or not without actually revealing the message to the entire world um another feature is that um dtx so this discontinuous transmission um is heavily used in gmr as i previously said poor consumption of the satellite is is pretty important and so when the satellite has nothing to say it does not say anything contrary to gsm where uh on control channel if the base station didn't have anything to say it would just send an empty frame that is completely known and would provide lots and lots of known plain text for an attacker uh in gmr it is not the case if the satellite has nothing to say it would just say nothing and so you don't have as many plain text as you would have in in gsm of course it's not all good because uh it's heavily based on gsm and so some of the things are inherited the security is entirely optional hopefully on turia they actually use it um some of the gsm attack should be applicable as is uh most notably the rsh the denial of service and the mz detached denial of service i say should because we haven't tested them for gsm it was easy for us to set up a test network where we can test that in a controlled environment without impacting commercial network uh here we can't really start a denial of service attack on a satellite uh i think they wouldn't like that something else that's pretty bad is that the phone transmits lots of private information in the rsh so when you take your phone and try to place a call or pour it on or do any kind of transaction the first thing it will need to do is establish a dedicated channel between the phone and the satellite to do that it transmits what's called a request access uh burst in the rsh and here this burst actually contains lots of information in clear text because there's no way to decipher it yet um like the position of your phone so it can be established a channel you essentially broadcast to the entire world where you are and also why you want a channel and in the why parts uh if you're actually placing a not-going call this will include the number that you are dialing so it's it's yeah it's it's bad obviously and finally the cypher is still applied at at layer one about the cypher itself um it's currently unknown it's supposedly derived from a5 2 um the spec kind of strongly inside that and some other people have told us that but it's about all we know uh we actually tried a51 and a52 just in case it was it was that and we tried some minor modification on them but it didn't work so yeah uh we're looking into it the however we can still look into uh what could we do once we get the cypher um as i said the the availability of plain text is going to be more limited than in gsm mostly because of the discontinuous transmission so there is no idle frames that we can use another source of known plain text in gsm was the s acch so a slow associated control channel that was basically a channel that kept repeating the same thing over and over again uh that channel doesn't exist here so no way to use that and finally the the actual channel burst if a lot less bits per burst meaning you have uh even if you have known plain text um you have less of it by by burst that you can exploit um although we don't know the cypher we know that well past experience has shown that uh uh the kind of protocol the they standardized like a51 a52 ga1 ga2 when up especially strong so um and especially when you if you just google for like a to rya intercept you will find commercial cracker that claimed that they can intercept the channel in a few seconds so you can kind of imagine that the cypher must not be that strong if it can be broken in a in a few seconds okay so we'll now look at the actual software stack we wrote but first a bit of history about this project so as I said it's relatively new it was started um around mid july uh when uh raltz and send the mail uh saying yeah I've been looking into gmr with deter and uh he started a a wiki where information started collecting um a few weeks after that uh dimitri actually managed to receive the first signal from the satellite um and seen them on on the fft and um as if you remember the slide with the fcch you could see the the cross um the cross pattern on the fft is very clear you you just can't miss it the signal reception work was continued at a ccc camp uh if you went by the radio tent you should have seen the satellite dish outside um and finally in september around mid september we had the first packet being demodulated and we started analyzing them uh it took some time to clean the code and and make something that we we could release and that other people could use that happened somewhere in october and more recently we had that support for a tch3 channel types so osmo gmr is more than the it's more than it's more than just the osmo gmr git um it's uh it's composed of several parts that must that work together to create a reception chain it all starts with the captor utility that essentially captures the radio signal and save it to a c file so complex samples are very common in the software defined radio those are processed by the gmr1 erics which is our main uh main test of the application and therefore added or to an extended version of the gsm tab to wire shark where we can see the packet content and start looking at to uh into the data that are exchanged so let's uh let's start with capturing uh first step is the antenna essentially anything that can receive the correct band of frequency with uh left hand circular polarization is gonna work omnidirectional are not especially good so you really need something kind of directional but it can be quickly act together the first version was a uh a satellite dish which are at very good gain and very good directivity but unfortunately is not very practical the second antenna that was built was a helical antenna and it's a fairly good tradeoff between performance and convenience and it's relatively easy to build you can you can build one in a few hours and uh steve actually tried a big quad uh that seems to work very well and it's also very easy to construct uh from pcb etching so the details for this one are not uh on the wiki yet but hopefully they will soon be when you have once you have a captured the signal through an antenna you can go through the optional step of amplifying it and uh and filtering it both the steps are optional because it seems we are in the optimal coverage zone the signal is quite strong enough that if you have a fairly good antenna it's it's gonna work just fine however maybe you just you you want to receive more than just the primary spot beam maybe you want to receive spot beams that are not sender to your particular location and you want to look at the neighbors spot beam and those will be weaker so you need to um amplify the signal to get it out of the noise um if you are near a strong transmitter you also may need to to filter the signal because 1.6 gigahertz it's it's it's kind of near some uh some strong carrier and if you have too much gain without filtering you might end up saturating the input stage of your software defined radio there are various options available one of the the cheapest way to get a a walking um amplifier only is actually to use a modified gps lna so if you know those gps antenna uh that you can buy for very cheap they have like a ceramic antenna on top and you can just remove the ceramic antenna remove the gps filter on the pcb and just use the the lna on the antenna and since the gps frequency is actually pretty close from the uh gmr frequency they will work just fine so capture hardware uh you can use any software defined radio you like as long as it can save c files uh but or capture utility as a specific support for uh uhd so basically any etus hardware there is you should be able to use as long as you have a matching doter board for the the correct frequency of course one interesting particularity of the usp one is that since you can put two doter boards you should be able to listen to both uplink and downlink simultaneously um it should be possible with the other etus products uh but you will need a gps uh one pps pulse to synchronize the various um usp between them so it's a little bit more complicated product uh setup sorry the cheapest option you can have is the funcube dongle pro which is this little usb stick that has been released uh some time ago um which actually works very well for gmr it's it has a small bandwidth so you can't capture a lot of rfk and simultaneously uh maybe three adjacent channel at the time but it works very well and it has a actually pretty good sensitivity and it's been used successfully and soon obviously there will be the osmo sdr which is a new project um harald announced uh not so long ago on his blog the software used for capture is called gmr multi erics it's based on new radio and will handle all the nasty details for you um it will choose the the optimal frequency to tune to to avoid the dc peak so that you don't have dc peak in the middle of your signal it will automatically channelize and resample so that the demodulation uh part has a nice uh four sample press again or something um and all you have to do is really you just compile it for the uh for the hardware you want and then just give him the the frequency you want to listen to and uh it will just figure out everything else uh itself and you will hand up with two dot c file that you can feed to the next step of the process so when we started writing the actual sort of defined radio parts for um osmo sdr uh we realized that we didn't have um a lot of the mathematics uh helpers that uh that that were required and so we create a very simple library that has just what we need um and that uh that fits very well with the other osmo com library this one is called the osmo sdr and essentially what it is is support for complex vectors um so iq data and the very common operation on them like um removing the dc offset convolution correlation basically all the small primitives you will need when you implement um software defined radio the actual software defined radio part of osmo gmr is um located in the s ssc sdr and um it has several jobs the first of which is fcch acquisition so this very specific waveform um the process i explained with the correlation dfft it's implemented in there so that given um a random capture we will need to find um first is there a carrier at all uh there and uh if there is what is the the proper alignment and the um the frequency offset to to compensate for it the um the process we have works very well and it can actually find multiple overlapping carrier because of frequency reuse you can sometimes have channels where you have uh two carriers at once that are shifted in time and the the implementation we have can some can can manage to lock to uh to the to both synchronization and extract data from both overlapping channel um so obviously we need a demodulator to uh we need a demodulator to get the data out of the burst um so we just wrote um a generic the cq psk demodulator and the cbpsk so it's handled as a as a special case um and this layer also contains the description of the values burst types so you have sdcch tch the values training sequences that are used and everything and it's all in library form so the this layer is essentially a set of primitives to be used by some some application to to perform um to perform the functions it's currently reception only so only the demodulation part but writing the modulation part which should actually be easier because uh modulation is just generating the the the proper signal envelope and uh and mix it with the transmission window but it's something that we haven't done yet so layer one that's the channel coding layer we have implementation for some of the primitives so essentially scrambling the various conversional codes that are used in uh in gmr uh puncturing all the csc schemes that are used and the interleaving schemes that are used and we also have um stateless coders and decoders for some of the channel types the most important one being the bcch which is the broadcast channel so that's uh essentially the system information messages that describe the network and and tell the phone uh what network he's on what are the neighbor the neighbor uh cell and things like that ccch for paging and immediate assignments and fhcch3 and tch3 are the actual traffic channel where user data is exchanged so these are dedicated channel this entire layer is uh supports encoding and decoding um completely so obviously uh since the both previous layers are just primitives and and the helper function um we need something that actually uses them usually it would be the higher layer like uh layer two layer three and stuff like that but we haven't actually coded that yet so instead we have a test application whose uh whose main job is to just um do the equivalent uh that air probe does for for gsm uh that is you give him a c file where you think there is a carrier it will try to acquire synchronization um extract all the broadcast channel types like bcch and ccch and if by any chance on the ccch it sees an immediate assignment to uh supported channel types like tch3 it will follow it decode the tch3 data and for what all of that to gsm tab for further analysis on um on wire shark so wire shark um this was actually a lot of a lot of work because um you don't realize it when you use wire shark but writing the deceptive that display all the data nicely is kind of a painful process uh and no i am very grateful for all the developers who actually implemented all the protocol that uh that i analyze uh so what has been implemented is the the data link layer la pset is completely implemented the bcch is uh partial uh you will see in the in the chapter that i will show that uh we only decode some of the system information messages because they they are coded in a very um annoying way that is they are unaligned bitfields described in a csn1 uh concrete if you saw the talk by aralt uh it's the same csn1 ccch it's the the dissection is incomplete but we have support for all the message tabs that we have seen so far on toraya so even though we don't support like the the dozens of types of message that are uh described in the specification every message you see um should be uh dissected and and displayed properly if you find one that isn't keep the capture posted to the mailing list and we will add support for it um same thing for the rr layer radio resources that is all the message we've seen so far dissected the upper layer since they are completely common with gsm we obviously didn't rewrite the code and we just forward those data to the g the the pre-existing gsmd sector from from wireshark so um we can take a look at what the gmr signal looks like so this is a representation of the of a gmr signal so on the on this axis you have the frequency and this is time and so you can clearly see here the synchronization pattern and then um all all of this is just there is just no transmission uh it's slightly lighter blue than this because this is actually filtered out by a by a fi i filters to generalize the the thing but uh this is just noise and here you have the burst of data um those small bursts are actually the gps um fmr's data that are transmitted periodically so that the phone can look on uh at least is supposed to look on faster not sure it actually works but um this is bcch and these are ccch um but as you can see you once you see that in if you're trying to receive gmr you just display it uh in a waterfall display and uh if you can see this kind of pattern you know you found the gmr carrier there's just no doubt about it it's very distinctive um um so well obviously i can't really capture a signal live because well we're inside uh but i have some some prerecorded signal that i can process um so unfortunately it's not real it's not really readable on the screen but uh wire shark should be readable um let me launch wire shark so here i'm just calling the uh the main application so yeah you can't read it but it says gmr one erics the first argument is four it's just the number of uh sample pair symbol uh four is the optimal value so just just use four uh then i can give him two uh c file the first one is the bcch and the second one is uh um where the tch is going to be assigned because we can't currently follow uh live um you have to kind of know where the tch are going to be assigned hopefully in teria you just take the bcch number you add one and the channel are going to be assigned there so so that's pretty easy and uh when you launch it it will just decode everything pretty quickly and forward everything to to wire shark so what can we see the the first thing you can see here is the bcch so they are the broadcast information and uh as you can see the second section is somewhat complete until you actually reach here um then the actual message content is uh it's not decoded we only have support for a few uh segments um segment 2a which contains all the synchronization information like the current frame number um and and some offsets and another type we support is segment 3a and this one contains very uh very interesting information because it broadcasts um the name of the network i mean the name is the mnc mcc so you can see 9015 is the code for teria um you can find the location area code which in gmr is split between the msc id and what's called the spot beam id so just the the number of the the spot beam you are on and more interestingly you can find the beam center position so you can know that this beam is actually centered on those gps coordinates and uh one of the first thing we did is just try to map all the beam that we managed to receive and these are the beam center position of all the beams we've been able to receive so far um the reception was from some from belgium and some from uh from germany so you can see that you can capture data uh from beams that are pretty far away um our current assumption is that the beam forming algorithm has some side lobes and we are seeing um those side lobes mostly here um so these all these are broadcast information but of course uh at some point there will be uh let me find it okay so here you can see an immediate assignment there's a channel is being assigned and uh this this was actually me making a call and uh and you will you will find the channel description that says okay go to airf n airf kin 268 on the time slot 13 and if we filter by channel type and only display the dedicated channel you can see here all the communication that has happened between my phone and the and the network so first um empty frame with nothing and then you can see the authentication request exactly the same as in gsm so because um since this is done by the uh mobility management layer it's common with gsm uh and then you can see the ciphering mode command that activates ciphering and you can see it requests a 51 which is not actually the same a 51 as in gsm and it also for some reason transmits a string that tells the phone to display uh belgium on the display i have no idea why they put that in the ciphering mode command but they did um and of course after that you can't see anything because it's ciphered and although it's my phone i have the corresponding key but i don't have the actual algorithm to decode the the data so this will come later on um so what do we plan to do next well find what's missing so essentially find the cipher it's in the phone somewhere find the speech i'll go ahead same thing it's in the phone somewhere implement the upper layers try to instead of manually coding all the message type um try to create code generators that can actually pass the specification and automatically generate a marsh link and the marsh link methods um the transmit side hopefully one day um if you want to implement something feel free to do so uh i'd like to take a moment to thanks uh the people who contributed to this project um most notably the uh dimitri for uh doing all the groundwork in uh in the early capture and uh and writing the actual capture tool that is uh so easy to use a route for uh while starting the project and getting us interested in uh in gmr in the in the first place and uh and steve for the or the research he did into uh finding good way to capture the signal easily with a readily available hardware um you can read uh the specification um as i said you will need both the gmr spec and the gsm spec because there is a lot of reference and you can visit the wiki there is a lot of information as well as getting started and how to get uh how to get things running and that's it thank you for your attention so do you have any question any question it was heavy i know okay yeah there's one question so what's your plan for getting the cypher out of the phone i mean with the codec it's probably a program on the dsp i get that but i would guess the cypher is actual hardware actually it's not because we found uh someone we published uh some korean firm would develop the phone published a paper about the architecture of the phone and you can clearly see the cypher unit being in the omap dsp processor at first we thought it was in the uh in the uh because there is a an azik in it and we thought it it's gonna be in the azik and then we found this paper which actually described the architecture of this azik and you can see that it's not the azik is purely um software defined radio stuff uh do you have a dump of that phone already or is it off the phone or do you need to get it out i'm sorry uh do you have a dump of that firmware already or do you need to get it out of the phone uh we have um we have the firmware update the firmware update files are available on uh on the internet uh freely and they load very nicely in ad so we we actually have it what we're looking for though it's a broken phones uh so if you have if you have some so presumably you were still right i'm sorry where are you okay hi so presumably you will be able to use one of these broken phones to use it as a black box for the codec and the encryption um yeah for the for the encryption we're hoping to to actually uh extract it because uh encryption tends to be relatively easy to spot and and extract um usually that they're quite small on the other hand the speech codec is probably quite large and so in the first time maybe we'll just find out to feed the data to the phone every decompress and uh and get the data or maybe just run the the dsp image in a dsp emulator i mean yeah here is a question from the net can you sniff a uh sorry a rf ch channel data with standard with standard hardware like osmo com bb no you cannot you you cannot use the osmo com bb uh phone hardware to sniff gmr channels because the symbol rate is different the frequency band is different and well that's quite enough actually it's just won't work i have a question uh are all the spots are all the spots active all the time or or is it just when there's a phone you need to have have a phone to activate some spots no the spot beams are all active uh at the same time um at least as far as the as far as we can see as far as the spec is concerned there are some provision to uh i mean they can reconfigure the spots if they want to like allocate more spot for uh for an area because they have more subscriber or stuff like that but spot beams are not activated on demand because the phones uh need the spot beam to synchronize however when a spot beam um as as you saw on the capture most of it is actually most of the time it's actually not transmitting anything so yeah if there is nothing to say uh are you aware of any currently available phones that you can use as a gsm gmr modem such as the analogous to gsm modem whose ad commands yes this one as a as ad commands and they also have a dedicated dedicated modem so there is no phone it's just a data modem for for data connection um do you do you have any plans on emulating or starting the space section yes actually that's probably one of the first thing we're gonna try on the tick side of things because generating a static um carrier beam um should actually be fairly easy uh we i mean um we did it for gsm uh pretty pretty quickly uh just just to make it appear in the network list so i suspect that for gmr it shouldn't be too hard to replicate that and uh and david rellin yes


of the Netherlands, recently visited her country for the first time since the war. Crossing the Belgian-Dutch frontier, the Queen started on a tour of liberated Holland, a tour which had been kept secret. But somehow the news had traveled ahead, and everywhere she was greeted with the sincerity of a people, deeply thankful for their release from the nightmare of Nazi domination. Presence of War Widows was a reminder, if one was needed, that not all Holland was yet freed from the German yoke, and that close by Allied forces were inexorably closing in on the huge German army trapped in the remaining occupied territory. On this spot where several Dutch civilians gave their lives in attempting to save a bridge, the Queen placed a rosette in recognition of their heroism. People who suffered grievously during the war years, the visit of Queen Wilhelmina must have signalized the end of their oppression and the promise of happier days to come. That is the ultimate factor that wins wars. Well, here's how they're winning in Burma. Hopping over jungle that would have bogged down big guns, transport planes carry firepower right up under the enemy's nose. The army's silent wings play their part, near McChilla, and the Jap lines only three miles away. The Japs themselves were a lot nearer. Snipers pestered the airstrip from a few hundred yards range. Gurkers brought by the planes set about unloading. It had to be done quickly, and they got the time a plane was on the airstrip down to eight minutes. Two shorter time for the Japs to do anything about it. Everything was set for the advance. Overwhelming in its weight had smashed the town, and with it the Japs who tried to hold it. With the capture of McChilla, the Allies had cut the main road and railway between Mandalay and Southern Burma. And so the 14th Army set out on the final lap of the long and bitter road to Mandalay. Hill, a natural fortress where the Kokkri was the last word in the fight. In Japanese forces retreated into Fort Duffery, a natural fortified stronghold in the center of the city. Allied guns and the RAF got to work on them. Close on a fortnight, the Japs held out. Then they cracked. The capture of the fort completed the story of the fall of Mandalay. All British campaign in the Errawaddy Valley, of which the capture of Mandalay was the culmination, has been conducted by General Slim's 14th Army with consistent brilliance. The enemy was outguest and outmaneuvered at every turn. Came the Supreme Allied Commander of Southeast Asia Command, Lord Louis Mount Batten. Following a visit to Mandalay Hill, the Supreme Commander examined the ruins of Fort Duffery. Was Mr. R. G. Casey, Governor of Ben Gold, accompanied by General Slim, the 14th Army commander. Victory was celebrated at a ceremony in Fort Duffery, presided over by General Slim. The Japanese marched into Mandalay on May the 1st, 1942. Just three years later, the Union Jack once more floated over the city. And Mandalay had to become another milestone on the road to Japanese defeat.


It's taking longer than usual. Yeah, okay, great. The recording has started. Maybe Aran, could you lead us in a word of prayer? Let me pray. Lord, we just want to say thank you for blessing this another new day, another new week to learn your word. Lord Father, we just want to say thank you Lord for being the penalty of sin for us. Lord, help us all to experience and understand your love, Lord Father, as we journey with your wonderful work. And Lord, help us all to so deep and richly in your word and help us in my part of your focus. Yeah, I think there's an issue with Aran's audio. So let me just go ahead and complete that prayer. Heavenly Father, we thank you once again Lord for this opportunity to hear your word. We pray that Holy Spirit you will bring us revelation and strengthen us Lord in our walk with you and enable us Lord to build up and edify the body of Christ. We give you thanks and praise. We commit ourselves Lord every single person in this class and myself as well Lord. In Jesus' name we pray. Amen. Amen. Okay, thank you Aran. Thank you for leading and yeah, I understood something probably went wrong in your connection. So that's fine. Yeah, no issues. So before I get into this morning's class, just want to know if you're if y'all can hear me well without any disturbance or can you hear additional sound? That's just my voice. Okay, wonderful. Yeah, clear. Okay, great. No, because right outside my home, there's a lot of noise, some festivals, so they have music which they have put. So I did not want that also to, you know, get into this call. Anyway, I'm happy that it's fine. So we were in Hebrews chapter 10 and we saw how the Lord Jesus was the fulfillment of whatever we have seen in the old covenant practices. We saw how the Lord Jesus is the high priest forever in the true tabernacle in heaven and that he himself has become our perfect sacrifice which was made once for all. So it gave us great clarity on what it is that the Lord Jesus has done through his redemptive work. So that is where we work. And in this passage, we also saw how we can enter into the presence of God boldly because our sins, because Jesus has made, like he has paid up for our sins, that is one thing. But also we see that he does not remember our sins. So God doesn't remember our sins because of the perfect work that the Lord Jesus has done and which is why through the mercy of God, through the forgiveness of God and the grace of God, we can enter God's presence boldly and by the blood of Jesus. And we talked a little bit about the blood and what it has done for us that now we can experience, we can experience the blessings of a new kingdom and which is why we are also encouraged to draw near to God and it says with full assurance of faith having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. We saw how we have been cleansed on the inside by the work of the Holy Spirit and also our bodies. An act of washing as far as believers in Christ are concerned, we know that water baptism is what we talk about. So for the Jews, there were many practices, many washing ceremonies that they needed to engage in but obviously here because it's being addressed to the believers, the context is water baptism. So in this way, we recognize that we now have access to God and we can enter his presence in a freeway and therefore the believers are being encouraged to not give up on their faith, to keep holding on and we saw how there is an encouragement to serve one another, love one another because what happens during periods of discouragement, disappointment, we tend to avoid community. We prefer to sort of, you know, just value in our own thoughts and in our own, you know, like we just want to be alone. But then we see how there is an importance in coming together as God's people and one is being encouraged through that fellowship and the other is to encourage one another. So verse 26 we'll pick up from there because we didn't look in detail from verse 26, so we'll see from there. So here the writer is talking about those who sin willfully. Now obviously sin itself is an act of our will most of the time, maybe by ignorance, sometimes we could commit sin but in general we give into our flesh and we know what we are doing. So sin itself is an act of our will. However, you know, once we have sinned we know that the work of the Holy Spirit is such that he calls us to repentance. In John 16 we see that he convicts us of righteousness of what? Righteousness. Let me just quickly look at a judgment. Okay, sorry, I digressed over there. Oh yeah, sin, righteousness and judgment. Okay. Yeah, John 16 and 8 it says sin, righteousness and the coming judgment. So that is the work of the Holy Spirit. Then what is this willfully sin? When we receive that conviction, the sincere believer who wants to preserve his relationship with God and who wants to increase in his walk with God, what will such a believer do? When conviction happens, what are we supposed to do? Anyone?  So what are we supposed to do? Confess and repent conviction. Yes, very good. Very good Thomas. So confess and repent. That is the normal Christian life. We need to do whatever it takes to preserve our relationship with God. But when you say a person is willfully sinning, it means that even after the conviction of the Holy Spirit, the person is not yielding to it, no repentance. Okay, but continue to sin. And we have seen when we talked about the mind and how Satan attacks our mind, we said that if a believer will renew their mind and they will walk in God's ways, then that influence can be broken. But when the influence is not broken, it moves further into oppression, then it goes to the higher level where it becomes a stronghold in that person's life. So sin as Ephesians 4.27 it says, it really makes us open the door or give the devil a foothold.  So a person who is willfully sinning is that kind of a person. Who is totally unrepentant. Now, what does the Bible say about such a person? It is said that they have received the knowledge of the truth, but there is no longer a sacrifice for sins. Jesus has paid the price, but what's happening is it's as if that is not applicable anymore because repeatedly the person is engaging in sinful habits and we are warned and told for such a person there will be a fearful expectation of judgment. Even now when we look forward to judgment as believers, we have a sense of awe and reverence.  Yes, we have. And then now that we have accepted Christ, thank God, we will be taken into the presence of God into heaven, but God will still see our works and based on that, the rewards in heaven are kept for us. So it's in a way sort of a joyful expectation which we have as believers, but a believer himself or herself who is willfully sinning will have a fearful expectation of God's anger and judgment coming in a sort of a condemning way. Not because God has done it to the believer, but if you recall going back to our passage in Hebrews 6 where a believer has rejected, they have rejected the cleansing work of the blood, they have rejected the sacrifice of cheeses, they have rejected the convicting voice of the Holy Spirit so on and so forth. So the willfully sinning believer has to face the consequences and we are told that they will have this fear of God's judgment. It is like looking forward to an angry teacher or an angry parent. They told you not to do something and you've done it. So how do you face them? So that kind of a thing. And so we have to be really careful and also you see that we are told that believers who live their lives like this, it is as if they are making the work of Christ at least. It's like the value of that work. In their eyes it's diminished and therefore the power of what has been done is not coming into their lives. So you see such strong words he's using. He's saying, taught worthy who has trampled the Son of God under foot. It's like that as if this believer has walked on or disrespected Jesus being crucified on the cross and counted the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified a common thing. But again, no value to the blood of Jesus and we are also told that such a person it's as if they have insulted the spirit of grace. So it's really a warning similar to Acts chapter, Hebrews chapter 6. Then we are told that we need to remember while we talk about God's nature being a nature of grace and love and mercy and peace, he at the same time is also a God of justice and righteousness.  We will never do that. And so the believer is being warned of this kind of lifestyle and told that the Lord will judge his people and to also remember that it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God or in other words as I told earlier somebody who is disobeying a child that is disobeying the teacher or a parent and let's say they've got lot of grace, lot of opportunities and still they have done the same thing which the teacher said don't do it. It's scary, isn't it? So in the same manner it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God. We would never want to be found in that situation. That is a warning for us. So we continue to see here verse 32 onwards that the believers they are now being encouraged that you endured a great struggle with sufferings partly while you were made a spectacle both by reproaches and tribulations. So they've been through a lot of challenges because they have been through these things he is encouraging them that you have something better coming up. You also have a reward in heaven. So this is like an encouragement to all believers when we go through so many tribulations you know sometimes we wonder what is the value of what I'm going through. God can you not give me a way of escape? You see just by virtue of the fact that we are on the earth we are not immune to difficulties trials tribulations and more so persecutions. So when we go through these things one thing is under our control and that is our attitude. We can have a good attitude simply because you know is it a good thing to be afflicted by a trouble? No it's not nobody wants it but if at all I'm going through it you know I can know that if I go through it righteously then I have a possession inheritance for myself in heaven. God will reward me according to that and not just that we will study the book of James. When we study that book we will understand that externally something valuable will be our possession but at the same time our character will also be built up when we go through difficulties in a righteous way.  On the other hand he's encouraging them we saw even when he spoke about falling away in Hebrews 6 nicely he covered up with an encouragement and he said but your labor is not in vain so even now he's saying it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God and then he goes into encouraging he said you've been through a lot of things but remember that you will get something from God for your faithfulness and verse 35 again he encourages them he says don't cast away your confidence which has great reward so our faith and our confidence in God will fetch us his blessings and his reward so we must not let go so now he introduces a term and we will look at this term a little more in Hebrews chapter 12 he says you need endurance okay what is endurance? Endurance is the capacity to bear up under pressure okay now if we take up let's say a 400 meters sprint usually people who are participating in 100 meters will quite easily finish it okay one round it's over great but somebody who's doing a 400 or an 800 or a cross country when you are going into a longer race initially you have that excitement that you want to win it and you will make it so it's somewhat easier but once that excitement is gone there comes the test there comes the pressure what pressures physical tiredness exhaustion also mental stress will I make it will I not make it will I get the price will I not get the price so you know all those things internal acts and lots of pressures are there when there is pressure you're still in the race that is called as endurance it's getting tougher and tougher but you know you're there you're there you're bearing that you're going forward you're going forward you go so it's as if the people who can endure through that rough patch are the ones who will actually make it and they will fulfill God's plan for the life so that's what he's saying just because you're going through a rough patch now don't give up you need endurance okay because after you have done the will of God you may receive the promise so God is faithful he will give you the promise so he continues to encourage them and he reminds them that you know it's just a little while and God has promised that he will come he was promised he will come he will not delay and that the just shall live by faith so we have to continue forward living by faith don't get discouraged and also remember that God is not pleased with those who give up so God doesn't you know give up on the faith so he says anyone who draws back draws back is you just give up on your faith God is not pleased with that kind of an attitude but again you know he it's it's very nice it's showing a very pastoral side of the writer because he wants he is strict you know it's like giving a nice beating but then you know telling the child okay okay you know I did it because you're what you did is not correct and you can I know that you can do well so kind of encouraging and you know the ultimate goal is encouragement the ultimate goal is to make sure that the child learns good behavior and you know child becomes a good citizen and a good human being so in the same manner with this writer here and there he he unleashes you know his his his hangar but not not in a sense that okay you are like this you are not good enough not in that manner but that you seem to be tending towards discouragement how can you do that don't be discouraged because you know God is not pleased if you draw back if you fall away it's very it's impossible for people like that to come back okay so all that he just adds it there and gives them the very real picture of this is the reality be warned but soon after he comes back you know in a soothing way and says but I know that you we we will speak of better things about you know why should we why should we even think that you will draw back or that you will fall away you will not fall away I'm sure so even now he is concluding here by saying but we are not of those who draw back to perdition but of those who believe to the saving of the soul meaning you will not fall away I know that you're going to do well and you're going to come out victorious so that is the encouragement okay so now we will move on to the very famous chapter not just in the book of Hebrews but also in the Bible itself you could say Hebrews 11 this is a passage that talks about faith so before I move into that I just want to ask all of us because we know different people in the word of God can you all there are five people on the call right now so can you all just tell me who is your example of faith it can be anybody from the Bible okay who is your example of faith okay Aaron says Abraham okay it's Paul for Siddharth Abraham for Canon and for Dave it is Moses so can any one of you tell me why this whoever you have chosen is is your favorite person of faith you're all on the call right yes ma'am okay okay so anyone anyone if you could share why you consider this particular individual I'd like to talk about Noah yes many examples are there in Hebrews 11 but some people get their attention because when Noah God asked to build an ark and in in those times no rain at all the water should the earth but Noah I don't know how he believed God and he was believed in the ark but that kind of faith that's the obedience of his faith taken from him yeah thank you thank you Thomas that's so true you know when you've not seen something to believe that that is going to happen then it's not easy isn't it so different ones a few for many such reasons you know that each of these people believed God for something something that was not easy so for that you have chosen these names come in ads so thank you Thomas thank you for sharing and come in says Abraham because of Abraham's obedience before God okay so that is the reason he has chosen Abraham so let's get into this passage here that talks about many many people of God both men and women and we shall understand why each of them has been included in this passage okay so yeah let's just get started yeah so it begins by saying that now faith is the substance of things hoped for the evidence of things not seen okay so we begin with a definition of faith you could say now this faith has been lived out by many people in scripture already but we are given an opportunity to understand what is faith what is the meaning of faith so faith is a spiritual substance because it is spiritual um you know it is something you could you could I mean I'm just using the word like you have it internally okay now faith is to do with things in our lives and we are told that it is the substance of things hoped for the evidence of things not seen so certain things let's let's say let's call these things as I'm just using you know maybe the promises of God there are certain promises of God which we know are going to take place we hope for them and in our spirit we have faith or we have the substance the spiritual substance remember we have the spiritual substance inside or a knowing or a surety inside that this is going to take place you're hoping that this is going to take place and the evidence of things not seen it is a surety that things are going to take place another very good way of understanding this is the in the amplified you know it says faith is the title deed title deed is let's say you're going to make a large purchase it could be a land or it could be a very big equipment okay when you go to pick up something like that generally what people do is they will ask for a down payment and once you know you've made that you have discussed and the papers are signed they will give you a title deed which shows that that particular place belongs to you okay now you don't have that you have still not stepped into the land but is that land yours yes that product has still not that equipment has still not reached your house but is that yours yes because you can show a paper or you know title deed and say that I already have it now people might question where is it you're just showing a paper where is it where is it I can't see any land or equipment title deed that's what faith is so in our spirit there's a title deed of things hoped for the promises of God you know the the rewards of God things that we hope for and we know about the biblical hope that it is not the English hope because again if you go back to the Greek here you would get a sense that the hope which is being spoken of here it it is sure it is a sure thing but the hope in English the interpretation of that word is more like I hope it rains today if it rains it's okay if it doesn't rain it's okay you know but there is a surety as far as um the the promises of God are concerned so that is faith we don't see it right now but we know that God is at work and it will happen so that is faith you know what is faith faith is the substance of things hoped for the evidence of things not yet seen and we are told that by this the elders obtained a good testimony in this passage you'll see so many different names why are they all here they have a good testimony we have something to learn something godly to learn from their lives because they were all people who carried the substance in their lives and notice it's told by faith we understand and it's talking about the creation of the world that the world was framed by the word of God now again we might have this question sounds very blind to me where is logic you know where is science where is evidence that by faith the words were uh by faith we understand that the worlds were formed by the word of God how can God's word form the world it is through faith that one understand so uh I would like to put it this way we don't we don't um know how to explain many things you know at at some point in time but we believe by faith because I you know we know that God is alive and we know that faith is is um a reality so we believe God first because obviously he's the creator and he's the one who knows the science behind everything else and the evidence or the logical scientific evidence to that could catch up later or maybe there are things that we may never get the explanation for but we believe God because we know that he is true and his word is true um and you see here it says by faith we understand how can you understand faith people take it as blind if there is faith don't talk about understanding not necessarily you know there is a spiritual understanding no which God gives us through faith it does not mean that it is illogical or that you know it is blind we can definitely say that we are unable to explain at this point in time but the spiritual faith that we are talking about it's a real thing it's a real substance and uh by faith we understand now moving on we'll start talking about the uh names of different people at any point if you have questions you can always stop me and ask me okay so we just discussed faith now about able to able in the bible you don't read about him more than once he's a brother of um k and son of adam and eve and uh he came to offer to the lord a sacrifice now god accepted able sacrifice but not canes it's only once he sacrificed and look at this he has been included as a man of faith because you know what was the difference between the sacrifice of uh able and k people think that k brought to god vegetables maybe that's why god was not happy and you know able gave me but no one act in the life of a man is precious in the sight of god because you see here that able offered by faith okay so when we do something for god it could be a small act of faith maybe you you you give to the lord or you give to other brothers and sisters in christ or you went to encourage somebody they're going through a rough patch you went to encourage them or you know your pastor asked you to come and share god's word you went and shared god's word or anything anything you see here that able he offered a sacrifice to god one action but why did it become so excellent that god did not forget it he included it in the bible it was more excellent than k because there was one ingredient in it and that is faith so whatever we do if we do it with faith god accepts it god is pleased by it and you see here that able is called as a righteous man just like abraham abraham believed god and it was credited to him as righteousness or accounted to him as righteousness so what able did he also did it by faith he believed and therefore he was counted as righteous and god testifying of his gifts or a sacrifice and we see though he be dead still speaks okay now um sometimes we would look at the lives of some people who are probably dead and gone now but when you see what they have done for god or by faith those actions they still glorify god they still speak that you know god is great and god is good that's a blessed life we all can also be encouraged to do that that we live our lives in such a way that every action let it be an action of faith and let it still speak when we are gone you know maybe some of us you leave behind you know till today we sing some songs isn't it the people who wrote the songs are no longer there but those songs it still speaks faith in god people have written books it still speaks people have built up ministries people have you know built up buildings where where god's work is continuing medical places where god's work is continuing so many things so i'm talking about some of the big things maybe some small things even like when i think about my grandmother she was a believer in god and she used to tell us stories she's gone now but her life has made such an impact her act of faith those were the early seeds of faith you know in in my lives in my life and in the lives of my brothers and sisters so every act of faith it's not about big or small it's about whether there is faith in it or not and that is the example of abel he's mentioned once in the bible but you see that he's included in uh he was 11 because of the faith with which he did that one action of offering a sacrifice to god now coming to enok enok what is special about enok what is special about enok anyone familiar what happened to enok okay dev says he did not die that's true so we are told that he was taken away because of his faith so he did not see death that's unusual that's unusual because we just saw in he bruised nine that it is appointed for man to die once but there is a person like enok who did not taste death okay um and how could that happen because of the faith which he carried and we are told that without faith it is impossible to please him all the people who have pleased god have done it by faith now if i um live my life without faith and my actions have no faith uh i cannot expect you know god to be pleased by my life and uh so let us come to the lord with faith let us believe um that god is the one who he claims to be and that god is also a rewarder and sometimes no we tend to be very self-righteous where we say that god i will believe you and i know that uh you know i will go through a lot of difficulty because i i will believe you but i know there'll be no um a reward there's only diff struggles because i've chosen to trust in god but look at verse six here he bruised 11 6 it says that he who comes to god must believe first of all it is it is impossible to please without faith it is impossible to please god he who comes to god must believe that he is and that he is a reward of those who diligently seek him so god is a rewarder so when we live our lives and we do our acts of faith remember that god is faithful maybe right now we are not seeing the results don't get worried about it but surely god will bless us surely you know things will uh uh take place by gods you know blessing on our lives so that faith we have to maintain and that is what keeps us uh running that is what keeps us doing the work of god okay uh and particularly in the tough times so keep that faith i've come into know what was so beautiful about know us know us faith you know as um thomas pointed out noah believed that there is going to be a flood and he built an ark um and we're told that he was warned divinely warned of things not yet seen which is the flood see noah could have rejected this warning but know us faith is like the faith which james speaks about faith without action is dead but if you say you have faith then show me your action no one knew that what god was saying was true and so if a flood is coming then with godly fear he was moved with godly fear prepared an ark for the saving of his household and one more thing remember we said that these were the shadows uh it's very interesting you can also go back and read but be careful that you don't over interpret you know um some people read between the lines and they come up with some new new interpretation which does not have scriptures backing them up but then uh if you would say that know us ark it's like the lord jesus christ what is unfolding before us you know it's a corrupt world with sin and um destruction is unfolding and we know as we tend towards the end times there will be much more destruction but what did god do in the midst of that he forewarned us that these things are going to happen and he sent the lord jesus christ for the saving of mankind so jesus is like that ark when we are saved no we um uh we are protected in that ark okay so just a way of understanding uh what what is told in the old testament and how you know the lord jesus can be seen even in those passages so noah believed god and we are told that through his faith he even condemned the world and became heir of the righteousness of god so that is the testimony of noah he was a man of faith now going to um abraham abraham uh obeyed when he was called to go out to a place where he would receive an inheritance so we know about the life of abraham um that it really it really required faith for someone to step out when you don't have the final destination in mind how many of us we have traveled without knowing where we are going anybody have you prepared for two or three days packed your bags um and uh you know just left home if your family members asked you or friends asked you where are you going your answer would be i don't know anybody have we done that no we have never done that but in the case of abraham god told him go to a place that i'm going to show you and abraham packed his bags and he went where don't know it takes faith to trust god like that and no wonder abraham is known as the father of faith so he went you know following after god and he had no clue where god was leading him and you know he dwelt it is said in foreign country with his sons isaac and jacob because they all lived in tents they were all trying to find that land of promise okay so look at this it's the faith of a man but it is also the faith of his descendants so faith of many generations what are they all believing god has promised my father that he is going to give us an inheritance so what is happening abraham is moving towards that abraham is dead and gone isaac is moving towards that jacob is also searching towards that and we know that the children of israel moses later led them into the land of canaan but no there were generations who were living in tents and they were moving towards the promise they were moving towards the promise all right so let's do one thing let's take a break we've run out of time we'll come back and complete this chapter we'll meet at 10 o'clock okay so let's break for now thank you


over the weekend jake paul hosted a birthday party for the rapper designer and a bunch of other youtubers and celebrities ended up showing up to this party and a few women were allegedly drugged at this party as well so in this video we're going to be talking about what really happened and see what we can learn from it what is up everybody this is chris from the rewired soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution and if you're new to my channel what i like to do is pull in the topics from the news or tv shows and movies or even the youtube community and try to see what lessons we can learn from them so if you're into that stuff make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell all right and if you're not yet make sure you follow me over on instagram and twitter because i love i love engaging with all of you chatting with you i put up polls and things like that for video ideas all that good stuff so follow me on instagram and twitter at the rewired soul all right so yeah over the weekend jake paul had a party for the rapper designer huge huge huge party and there was a ton a ton of like celebrities there obviously his brother logan was there but like chris brown was there uh swallay was there tanimojo showed up uh bellaforn showed up um bunch of people showed up to that party and it was a crazy party huge party and it was recently um just today reported that a few women were allegedly drugged at this party all right and this is a a huge topic like that is really important where we need to talk about the drugging app party so just so you all know those of you haven't met me yet um i've been in recovery from drug and alcohol addiction for going on seven years now next month but i've done my fair share of partying most of them being house parties i live in las vegas so i've gone out to bars and clubs and things like that right but this is a danger that everybody should be be aware of so right now i'm saying this is a legend right so nothing's been proven yet or anything like that but it is definitely a possibility one of the stories out there is that these women were drugged on the philip defranco show he said uh one of the uh one of the mothers possibly posted this in a private facebook group for moms in that area about how one of their daughters was drugged but nobody's been able to get a hold of them the woman who posted that so we're not sure if it's true what is possible and this is just like listen i don't mean i'm not i'm not here to be a wet blanket or whatever it is like go do your thing go party just be safe don't be stupid all right but the reality is is especially at parties like we have to be mindful of what we're taking okay like we have to all right like especially right now with the epidemic going on with fentanyl like fentanyl is being mixed with like uh not always being mixed with heroin but it's being mixed with prescription opioids is being uh mixed with xanax as well so there are a lot of people who are mixing things so be careful if for some reason you are using drugs uh recreationally at these parties like please make sure you know who you're getting them from what they are and all that stuff because you never know what they're going to be mixed with you know so like just be safe be safe out there but something i do want to take an opportunity to do because you know i've been given this platform to speak and discuss things like know know the best ways to make sure that your drink does not get spiked when you're out of party okay it is it is just things that you should always do and this is why like you should always like i don't know try not to get too messed up or if you do get messed up make sure you have a friend who can help keep an eye on you and your drink and everything like that but there's a few tips always make sure that you watch your drink being poured make sure that you get your own drinks i know some people will bring you drinks like hey girl you want this drink no thank you you know what i mean if you do like taste it see if it tastes funny or weird and by the way all these things are very difficult to do while you're getting drunk now the thing is when you are walking around the party hold your drink like at the top of your drink so nobody can like like slip something in your drink just things like that don't leave your drink unattended all that kind of stuff but my beautiful girlfriend Tristan just reminded me too and i'll try to provide a link down below or even an image on the screen but apparently there is like a nail polish that you can get where you can like dip it in your drink and if it changes colors it means that it might be so that's a pretty cool technology so do that get yourself some nail polish girl that detects your drink being spiked so go out there have fun i'm a 33 year old man who is sober so i'm not in your realm anymore if you're out there partying but just please please please be safe best thing you could do always have somebody like a designated driver or somebody who's going to be there with you or somebody who doesn't plan on getting you know too messed up by the way maybe get some sober friends like myself like for example i just went to a concert the other night um with my buddies uh you know here in Las Vegas it was at the house of blues i stopped taking back sunday that's why you should follow me on instagram because i take pictures like this but anyways like i'm a designated driver i'm a sober person who is there and can keep an eye on things and make sure that none of my friends get in trouble but anyways that's a whole another video but hang out with sober people we like to go out and have fun and party too we just don't get intoxicated but the other thing i want to talk about the most shocking part of this entire story like i was doing some research on this story right before i made this video and my brain almost exploded because of this so at jake paul's party he actually had private ambulances and paramedics in the driveway just in case certain things happened because he knew it was gonna be a crazy party i think they were even doing like motorcycle stunts or something like that but not only that not only that the head of security um this is all reported by tmz i'll link the the down in the description below but the head of security was a former sheriff they had 38 guards for security who were checking ids and i'm sitting there i'm like is this is this the most responsible thing that jake paul has ever done in his life like i was flabbergasted i don't use the word flabbergasted that often but i was flabbergasted like but then i go back and think and not to take any credit away from jake paul but i almost imagined that somebody like on his team maybe his management team or pr team like they knew how crazy this party was gonna get and say listen jake cover your butt paramedics security you know all these other things like that is the only thing that makes sense to me but jake paul if this was your idea to make sure you had these precautions set in place good for you now for all of you out there who are throwing parties like we used to throw a ton of parties and like not all of us have those you know measures available but again i will use this opportunity because my videos are for you my videos are for you the one watching this just keeping mind you know cops are typically cool they know you know kids like to party and everything like that so if you're throwing house parties just know if anything happens if anything gets out of line call the cops they're your friends they'll help you out all right but the other thing that not enough people know about not enough people know about is that in many states in many states they have laws that protect you if somebody overdoses at your house all right so a lot of people do not call in drug overdoses because they're afraid everybody's going to get in trouble for this this is even just parties like if for some reason you're still an active addiction i hope i hope i hope you get the help that you need but just know and i will just always plug this in videos whenever i can because too many people die from this just know if you are using drugs with somebody in most states it is like you have this protection where you will not get arrested you will not go to jail if you call the cops and let them know that somebody is overdosing like this is something i'm very passionate about is something that one of my best friends who is also clean and sober for about seven years now as well he almost died from an overdose they also robbed him blind when he was like pretty much dying but he almost died from an overdose thank god he's still alive and one of my best friends she had a very close friend just a year or two ago where they were at a party she overdosed on xanax and alcohol and everybody just ran away and just left her there and this is a young woman who passed away at 24 years old so just make sure you know the laws in your state call and even if you don't know what the laws in your state just call the freaking cops man like i i just wouldn't want to live with that on my conscience you know what i mean so again like i don't want to be old man chris like it'd be dumb of me to be like just don't party and you don't gotta worry about any of these things no no no no i'm here to just give you advice suggestions i try to share some of my experience so if you're gonna go out there if you're gonna party if you're gonna go clubbing if you want to go get your groove on do whatever it is that you do baby girl but please be safe please be smart about it you know we're also living in a time where uber and lyft are a thing there is no need to drive drunk home like find somebody to give you a ride do those things like and if you have any tips or suggestions about protecting your drinks or to party safely or to get home safely or if your state has laws on you know protection from getting in trouble if somebody is overdosing at your house or a party or whatever if you have any tips comments anything that i left out of this video please leave it down in the comment below because all i'm trying to do with my platform is take things going on in pop culture in the youtube community and try to see what information we can put out there to help other people all right so anyways that's all i got for this video if you like this video please give it a thumbs up if you're new make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell because i make a ton of videos and a huge huge thank you to everybody supporting the channel over on patreon you're all amazing and if you would like to become a patron supporting what i'm doing here get your name on this beautiful credits right here get access to our monthly q&a some other perks and benefits you can click or tap right there all right thanks again so so much for watching i'll see you next time


It's son's birthday, but he's still sleeping. We're just waiting patiently. Enjoy the sunrise. Yay, you gonna do it? See if he slides down, look. You say, it's my birthday. Or, favorite birthday memory as a kid. Not as an adult, but as a kid. If you can remember, mine was definitely around camping. Lois, your favorite memory as a kid for your birthday. When I talk about that little phrase, I'm not just talking for the heck of it and sharing seek beauty, work hard, love each other. It's the real deal. Like, we're striving, it's true love and I, to live those words out every single day. We are tired. If you've seen the vlogs in the last couple days, we've been blow, butter, butter, like a pinball, all just doing a lot of amazing things, but we're tired, we're tired now, we're just tired. So, monkey business was amazing with the boys. Seth and Joseph had a great time. And, but, we're tired, but it's like, we did that activity for Seth, because we love him.  So anyway, trying to put it into action sometimes is, it's more than just saying it at the end of the vlog, it's real life. All right, now I'm going to work for the afternoon. I take a half day, so, $4.99, $4.99. I think it's probably worth about $1.99, but anyway, I like the color. You clip it, well, I'm gonna clip it to the table here. Wait for it. I love IKEA, they always have good, long extension. This is like eight feet, 10 feet. Oh, so in light, in video production, it's all about the lighting. I tell you guys that every day. So, love you all, seek beauty, work hard. Wait, what am I doing? The vlog's not over. All right, out of our rhythm of life, this is what happens. It's just what happens at our house. There's just no way to avoid it. All right, here's Seth's room, the birthday boy. Craziness in here, craziness. All right, our room, pretty crazy. Joseph's room, pretty crazy. Well, look at our living room. Oh boy, ay-oh. And I think one of our family members puts it best, a shout out to Becky. She has said in the past, why clean? You still live here. So, that's kind of our mentality sometimes.  Yup, money, oh. Seth, we love you, but we are on a budget. One dollar, one dollar, four dollars. Thank you, Grammy. And I think somebody sent us that. And then he got one more toy from Goodwill, which I think was also a dollar. And then last night, Brandon, thank you, for the car we opened it today. Bottom line, Seth, we did not spend a lot of money on your birthday. And it's not because we don't love you. It's because we're investing and preparing for your future, all right? And yes, in the financial realm as well. So, we're bypassing the brand new $25 toy at Target so that we can prepare for your future better. Cause I know you're gonna watch this someday. It's probably gonna be when you're 45. But hey, just know your mom and I, your mama and I, we love you, and we're investing in your future. To you, happy birthday to you. Seth, in here. You know when you're really tired, your eyes hurt. That's what's going on right now. I'm just really tired. All right, happy birthday, Seth. Love you, turn three today. And can't wait for the next year of life to spend with you, many adventures ahead, and of course, filming along the way. Well, what? Yeah, we're gonna let you close out the vlog too. All right, comment other week. It's getting hard, it's getting hard. Okay, I gotta make a couple of shout outs before the comment of the week. Shout out to Devin for knowing Mud Crutch, the first name of Tom Petty's band. Shout out, great job, trivia question. I think, I think I'm gonna go with Andrew though. Yeah, Andrew, five days ago. Really beautiful comment, beautiful comment. And the reason I chose this comment, Andrew, was you were just open, you were just open.  It was, I think it was one sentence. So, Andrew wrote, yes, exclamation point, exclamation point.  I've been inspired and learned so much from you by just watching you, period. Tutorials, exclamation point, exclamation point. So, thank you, Andrew, just for being open about your son's rare disease. And I am thrilled that you would, you know, let me share a little bit of my experience with vlogging with you, to inspire you, and don't worry about your voice. Trust me, it takes probably, I'll just say it, probably like two to four weeks of hearing yourself on video before you start to get used to it. It's a little, every YouTuber goes through that stage where you're like, wait a minute, that's what I sound like. So, don't worry, don't worry about your voice. But, so that's Andrew's comment of the week. Okay, cause I forget, I'm excited. April 11th, April 11th, less than a month. It's actually right around the corner. We'll have been one year of daily videos. Whoa, I'm gonna do something cool. I'm gonna do something cool. I don't know what it is yet, but I'm gonna do something cool. So, April 11th, mark the calendars. All right, seek beauty, work hard, love each other. See you tomorrow.