ly positively impacted 2.9 million lives worldwide with that i would like to move the floor to rachel sam thank you so much and thank you all for being a part of this inspirational meeting today it's a pleasure to be with you for those who don't know an act is on this call simply put we bring today's theme to life because we do indeed believe investing in students like many of you on this call who take entrepreneurial action as mohammed you know so uh eloquently highlighted can create a better world for all of us and it's through that lens that i want to address the theme i also want to address though the opportunities that have been revealed during this most difficult of years and share why we are hopeful at inactis as professor unis said earlier innovation has driven tremendous advances for humans from the invention of the wheel and 3500 bc to the launch of the first space flight to this year the covid vaccine developed in record time but while the pandemic has threatened our advancements towards sustainable development as highlighted by the report sam that you highlighted earlier we've also all experienced dramatic changes that if we can retain them will ultimately i believe and we believe accelerate our path to a more sustainable world the themes of those changes are clear and we witness them firsthand at inactis through the work of our students throughout 2020 and the first of those is interwoven thinking we've watched inactis's entrepreneurial young leaders discovering firsthand the much needed links between the challenges we face the connections between health the environment education access economic inequality and more and this realization and embrace which is frankly driving against the oversimplification in the siloing that some of you mentioned molly i think in your comments about information this realization embrace of the interwoven nature of our issues has created meaningful results big and small and practical ways and as one example in egypt an inactis team that began its work focused on addressing poverty found that their solutions could not only advance progress against poverty but could and should also have a significant positive impact on the environment and on access to education they were incredibly successful in their endeavor the second of course is the use of technology and we have all discovered this in the most simple or fundamental ways this year this forum with attendees worldwide might have been smaller had it been held in person but similarly our organization and actis sought to use basic technologies to democratize access to entrepreneurial leadership training to engagement to the formation of cohorts among our our students and as a result we experienced a surge in participation this year with over half a million participants worldwide that tells us something about the need and the drive more importantly for this next generation of leaders to make an impact as we experience the power of that firsthand and are watching egnactus teams we are seeing them deploy existing technologies and developing new ones every day but we know we have more to do and that is why we are focused on access in part we are partnering with the private and public sector as an organization and just as with the vaccine if only a portion have access our collective ability to revive and thrive as we emerge into whatever we emerge to will be limited so underline both of these themes perhaps most importantly is the last one and that is connection throughout this year i found it incredibly ironic that is we were physically distanced and our socioeconomic divides became even more clear we worked so hard to connect more than ever at an actis we did that with our programming welcoming as i said over a half a million worldwide in a testament to our mission but all of this online connection for so few of us in the world has also highlighted how much we view and value human connection with all that we faced as a global community it seemed that this year we recognized our shared human frailties more freely and more authentically these are the profound connections that will propel our work going forward if only we can hold on to them professor unis spoke to the use of technology and its ability to create better outcomes than it has to date while the scope and scale the technology we bring to bear on our shared sustainability agenda will have a tremendous impact on our success it is the human element of those themes that will most accelerate our advancement and so whether and how we retain these new insights to for example direct ai and other advanced technologies will be the most and perhaps most powerful impact on all of us so that's why at an actis we're hopeful we are privileged to see these lot these themes coming to life in practical solutions to sustainable development challenges in our next generation leaders but we know there's more work to do so congratulations to all of you here today and on this panel for thinking deeply about these issues and advancing our progress we find hope and inspiration in our students and in you too and if you would like to learn more i will certainly make our contact information available in the chat i'm very interested to hear in particular from many of you because lucy i saw your comment in particular about accessibility and the expansion of accessibility through the technology tools available to us i'm hopeful given what our students have been doing to expand accessibility but also focused on partnerships that can help drive it the other issue that i thought raised in the chat most critical sorry do you want us forward to discuss that just during the q&a sure okay absolutely thanks sam sorry to interject yeah thank you very much and all the great work that you're doing with inactis really fostering the innovative mind of young students and i had the pleasure of actually being at the inactis world cup i mean it was it was just as grand as a real world cup so thank you for the great work that you did there despite the many limitations of the pandemic has created so thank you for that and we look forward to more during the discussion so with that i move to our next speaker john marie cavuma he's a Ugandan entrepreneur changemaker and environmentalist he's a sustainable development goal advocate a one younger world ambassador and a social innovation academy scholar he founded upcycle africa which empowers communities to protect the environment while constructing affordable homes out of plastic waste his project has also been selected for the fourth edition of the youth solutions report and we're very lucky to have him here john marie hello i'm very excited to be here today my name is john marie cavuma and i'm the founder and CEO of cycle africa we are aware that we have this than three of us to solve the catastrophe and you end ones that are within 10 years which i'll be having more which i'll be having more plastic in the ocean brand fish so i was fortunate earlier in my life to find the intersection of what my passion was and the world world greatest needs the experience of growing up as an open in Uganda motivated me to work for sustainable development goals especially sdg 13 i experienced firsthand the blunt of climate change and the way it ships the level of injustices and inequalities that meets people daily i believe humans who act when informed and empowered i'm on a mission please awareness inspire and empower others to join me and act now at upcycle africa we are constructing affordable houses out of plastic waste while promoting capacity building and entrepreneurship in the green businesses among the few uh among the activities that we are doing include education or creating awareness in communities where we are changing people's mindset on the way they think and disposal plastic waste and another program is uh uh selling uh plastic waste or connecting waste to collectors recycling companies uh so we are using technology to uh as a tool to find markets for plastic waste uh to for waste speakers so that we can be able to uh field that marketing another project that we have at upcycle africa we are turning oh we are empowering women in the communities while improving household income to uh increase their income as well as uh impacting the the environment by reducing future automation of plastic waste and using plastic waste as a resource among the many uh projects we also have construction of houses out of plastic waste and among uh we are fortunate that this year we uh we were the uh award winner uh UN's Habitat School of Honor Howard 2020 and uh we've constructed uh almost 117 houses in different parts of Uganda and Africa actually we constructed houses in South Africa uh we are also looking forward to construct two houses in Ghana and Nigeria probably they're going to be uh schools made from plastic waste and uh we are also uh empowering young people to start recycling by uh giving them entrepreneurship skills as well as uh as well as uh as well as hello yes we can hear you go ahead please continue yes uh we are we are empowering young people especially uh in Uganda those are in green business so that they can be able to uh make sustainable and durable houses so we are as personally I'm very happy that young people around the world are taking all responsibilities to see that we are uh achieving the goal of environmental sustainability and their actions actually uh inspires us all I believe uh working towards environmental sustainability and uh empowering young uh marginalized groups of people issues that cause for everyone's intervention so I believe this is our responsibility and it must be our legacy thank you so much thank you very much Jean-Marie again congratulations again it's a well deserved recognition for your wonderful work on the ground and uh what professor Eunice was referring to as the entrepreneurial spirit thank you very much um our next speaker is Stuart Davis uh Stuart is the executive vice president uh financial crimes risk management and group chief anti-money laundering officer for scotty bank he is an experienced global executive with a career spanning 30 years with financial institutions in the US and Canada including more than 50 years running AML sanctions and financial crime prevention programs as well as associated technology we're very lucky to have him here uh Stuart you have the floor well thank you sam so much and to my distinguished uh panelist as well I would also like to thank his helwing as pope frances for this importance of posium as well as monsee monseigneur sarando for hosting us today it's been over a year since I attended the promoting digital child dignity conference also hosted by the pontifical academy of sciences it was at this event uh that I was inspired and which contributed significantly toward the creation of what I'm here to speak about today project shadow I can say without that inspiration I can I can confidently say that project shadow would not have come to fruition over the timeline it has especially in the face of our global unseen pandemic uh for the backdrop of most of its creation so what is project shadow it's really a project to make the world a better place project shadow is a public private partnership based in canada with a mission of helping banks and related institutions using technology to identify the financial indicators of online child sexual exploitation and to partner with regulators and law enforcement and eradicating this heinous crime additionally it's also the reason I've dedicated much of my professional career towards advocating for cross industry dialogue and information sharing as the problems we seek to solve whether it be online child exploitation or youth access to adequate education banking training or shelter all require the participation and action of many to solve for many global leaders along the way and NGOs were an inspiration for our efforts I'd like to name a couple Ernie Allen former president and CEO of the national center for missing and exploited children as well as Ian Drennan executive director of we protect global alliance of which scotia bank uh recently became one of the first banks to join this past november to use a tree metaphor as the bible does so many times project shadow is an initiative rooted in canada with strong branches that stretch out well beyond our borders it's an effort to contribute to the eradication of the global exploitation of children in all its forms I'm honored to say that this partnership is co-led by scotia bank and the canadian center for child protection we partnered also with our government financial crimes regulators the financial transactions report and an analytic center of canada who also joined us last year at the pontifical academy there's several goals of project shadow with the main goals being to raise awareness of online child sexual exploitation to increase the detection and reporting of potential crimes and to disrupt that illicit finance to succeed in meeting these goals project shadow partners have worked for the past year of identifying red flag indicators indicative of the funding and payment mechanisms of online exploitation as a result to date a total of approximately 40 indicators have been created which were published by our federal government partners fintrack on december 10th 2020 in a national awareness campaign thus far by leveraging these indicators financial crimes professionals such as myself have already generated over 40 high value referrals to fintrack who has made in turn those referrals to law enforcement for action my team now sets its sights on how project shadow contributes toward the un sustainable development goals target 4.7 education for sustainable development and global citizen being front and center however our scope is laser focused on anti-grooming education for our youth and children of which the need is only increased under the new reality of covet 19 with children spending far more time online and being targeted as evidenced by the large increase in calls to national hotlines and jumps in online illicit content with my guidance scotia bank is providing funding to several educational and non-governmental organizations which work towards addressing the problem of online child exploitation head on through providing accessible anti-grooming education for those who are most vulnerable of being exploited young girls between 12 and 18 years of age child exploitation is a problem the world must grapple with as a unified response as possible and while the challenges we face may seem daunting at times as we have seen with the unforeseen impact of the pandemic and what it just brought our resolve must endure unwavering and this problem requires collective commitment from those who seek to do good we seek to motivate positive change and not just talk we seek to build a better future for our youth and children in the world and I believe project shadow does just that and we're also looking to take this globally so we're looking for partners across the globe thank you so much for having me I look forward to meeting them thank you so much stewards and congratulations on project shadow we actually had an earlier discussion with Alejandro who's talking about the important innovations for safeguarding human rights and accelerating sustainable development and this is also what professor Eunice said as repurposing of innovation and technology so thank you for that we now have some time for a question and answer but before we go to that I would like to encourage everyone to firstly post your questions and address it to specific panelists and I also wanted to take this opportunity to apologize to Myra because I cut her off earlier than I needed to have so perhaps with our first question we'll go to Myra and give her the opportunity to talk and finish that part and then we'll move to the rest of the Q&A Myra I'll give you the floor again and apologies no worries thank you so much just to expand a little bit further with the with this edition of the solutions report this will be the fourth edition and we have a wide number of innovations that have pivoted from COVID-19 and with COVID-19 so I really encourage everyone to take a look at the report share it and learn from it we have really interesting content from our partners from alumni that have been featured in the solutions report in the past and that have now gone and expanded their solutions for example we have a chapter on sustainable ocean solutions and that is authored by Daniela Fernandez who is the CEO of the Sustainable Ocean Alliance and she was featured in the 2017 solutions report her organization has gone up and grown significantly and we couldn't be prouder of her work and really happy to have been among the first ones featuring her we also look to expand our work with past innovators and to continue looking for opportunities for new innovators as well so don't be afraid to join in joining the solutions hub if I could add something else there is really a wide wide community of people eager to help eager to partner I know that there are some innovators already want to connect among each other so I would really encourage everyone to do so and please I hope you have a really really enjoyable read of the solutions report thank you so much Mara and congratulations again we we truly have come a long way since the first edition in 2015 and the report has been such an instrumental role in highlighting the incredible work the young people are doing around the world and to really put that in front of the policymakers in the world and to show look there is plenty of innovation out there in the world but they need support they need the tools they need the networks and the finances if you give them that they will surprise you and I think the solutions report really is a testament to this incredible efforts that young innovators around the world are doing to highlight those and hopefully through that create a system where this can be done more effectively and at scale so I think it's just been an incredible initiative and thank you for your leadership on this and hope that it will continue to expand and we can continue to foster that entrepreneurial spirit out there and I actually think some of the first solutions report you know projects one of them is actually on the line here I can see him Elias who founded Liter of Light and we've been working together for the past four or five years and you know that was just a wonderful example which has since grown and we hope that the solutions report ecosystem has been able to support the projects like his but we need it at a much much larger scale ours is just a positive example much more is needed okay with that I would like to hand the floor over to Rachel I believe that you wanted to continue some on some comments I would like to just give you the floor and ask you to continue those oh it's my it's my pleasure thank you there were several comments that are so insightful thank you all first of all I wanted to comment on the remarks about engaging the next generation and older generations following up again on professor Eunice's comments I think it is critical indeed that we continue to engage across all generations on these issues knowing full well that some of us may have more blame than others at the state of where we are but also so much to offer into the next evolution of where we will go as it relates to sustainable development so I I'm curious to know from more in the comments or in the chats and whether and how you're working across generations we know from our research with Gen Z with current university students that one of their largest concerns about their future whether they're aiming for entrepreneurship or entrepreneurship to challenge those top 100 companies and more to do more one of their greatest concerns is how to work across generations and it's something that we think about and talk about quite frequently across an act is the other thing I wanted to add is simply how we might support those of you on this call I'd like to see in chat or in comments for the rest of the after rest of the session I should say how you think we might do a better job as an organization we all know sustainable development goal number 17 partnership is critical to our shared success I'm honored to be on this panel with many of you and I'm curious to know from all of you how you are and where you are finding the greatest success in partnership great thank you so much Rachel I would like to ask John Mary to comment on one part of his journey that I'm very interested in I'm sure many others which is what did you find the most challenging often entrepreneurs face many hurdles but what would you say was your biggest one if you could just respond to that in one minute do we still have him John no thank you I think he got knocked off Sam I'll watch to see if he comes back on no no problem okay so back back to the Q&A I suppose I think what a lot of the audience would love to hear from you all is how can they get involved in the great work that you're all doing and not just as participants and not just as individuals who are reflecting and amplifying the message but really as agents within your specific projects and within your respective organizations so with that I wanted to just pass the microphone the virtual microphone for your comment on how that can happen within your respective projects and organizations and we'll start with Myra thank you Sam I know that entrepreneurship and being an entrepreneur is scary so one thing that I would say is that don't be afraid really seek out help seek out mentorship one of the things that I've realized as an entrepreneur that has helped me the most is to look for people that are within your network that you might have access or something in common or just simply ask around use really really good tools for example the solutions hub that can connect you with other entrepreneurs that are around the same theme for example or the same SDG that you're looking for and ask them for advice good honest advice for example where do I begin how do I connect what can I do how much did it cost you how much did you spend on this this is reasonable ask don't be afraid to ask most people are going to be eager to provide you with a really good honest answer especially coming from you so even if it's scary even if you find that you're all alone in this you're not really search out for these connectors and I think that that would be the first step and the thing that I would like everyone to retain is that there is someone always eager to help because they probably have been helped before because no one was born knowing everything so don't be afraid to ask thank you so much Mara you raise a very important point in fact Professor Paul Bettino from Harvard Tech I think he's actually on this call as well he raised a very important point when we were speaking last year which said that the entrepreneurial model is being a good researcher and to be to go out and ask the right questions and be persistent in finding the real answer that you're looking for and I think that really reflects what you're sharing here okay great and now I'd like to hand over to Rachel and then to Stuart Rachel sure reverting back to the original question there are really three things that we know that are most sought after and and my you just highlighted one mentorship right asking the right questions finding those advisors but the other of course is some fundamental training which is something that we do and the power of the experiential process in that training so what is it like to apply some of the skills you know you will need to get some practical learning on the hands on the ground hands on learning so training mentorship and of course at some point funding as well and those are all three things that we look at and we seek to serve our entrepreneurs with but the mentorship piece is perhaps the one that we see the most opportunity because we seek mentorship but also collaboration in that process so that young entrepreneurs are learning from each other as well as from those who have come before us and so that is one of the key parts and values of our system which is collaboration among students worldwide so that as they are developing their solutions they are also part of a network that can scale those solutions real time uh among those who are similarly compelled by the same mission great thank you so much and Stuart thank you again for hosting us I'd say there's really three things from my perspective too that really helped us get started one is the power of the network not being afraid to reach out and connect with folks just as we're doing here take away some names from this symposium this conference of people you want to connect with further and and and build that energy if there's one thing that COVID has taught us as well that we're all globally connected we don't have to be in that city or in that jurisdiction to be able to reach out and connect and and build those relationships and from that we can do what we're all trying to do change the world and finally get started you don't have to achieve a position with a company you don't have to you know have a lot of money we got project a shadow started with very very little other than a corporate commitment and getting folks together in the room and we're already changing Canada as a result hope to change the world so get started where you are and you can make a difference thank you very much we actually have a very specific question for you Myra which is can you talk about access to funding the question is what is the possibility now that's from Wiley McGill go ahead you're muted sorry Sam thank you for the issues here we're so kind to read to to repeat your question yes the question is can you talk about access to funding what is the possibility now of course access to funding I think that it's as I mentioned some of the most important aspects that it's certainly being overlooked and it can also be quite intimidating especially for some entrepreneurs that have just begun their innovation I mean you have basically your savings where you're lucky enough someone that could help you out give you a hand most of the time this doesn't really it's not it's not really a possibility for some of the people among you know worldwide and what I would say regarding access to funding is that there's certainly a push from the private sector certainly grants perhaps competitions look for these type of opportunities because there are and if you're not doing active research to see what opportunities governments of private partnerships offer you then you are not focusing enough on securing this first this first type of of funding that you certainly need to take off your innovation so I would really just encourage everyone to look out because I know that with COVID-19 and with different sort of like with the different challenges that we're looking at there's definitely this pressing need from public private partnerships to grant us and help us with with funding so do your research because the money is out there and it's eager to be spent so take advantage of that thank you very much Mara and again congratulations to STCM Youth for the launch of the fourth solutions report and of course a big thank you to all our panelists what an incredible panel this has been began with Professor Eunice we talked about the inactus world cup the launch of the youth solutions report all in one hour what an incredible achievement that is so once again thank you and we will begin the next session in about one minute where we'll be joined by the patrons of the Vatican Youth Symposium Monsignor Sanchez Sarondo Professor Sacks but before that we will have a presentation by the United Nations Secretary General's Envoy on Youth Jayatma who will talk about the role of young people and we're very honored to be joined by her so in one minute's time we will start the final session and we look forward to seeing you there okay thank you for everybody who has just joined us this is our last session of the day for our two-day exciting symposium in this session speakers will come together to summarize some of the main takeaways of the symposium and it will be opened by the UN Youth Envoy Ms. Jayatma who has been appointed as the Secretary General's Envoy in 2017 at the age of 26 she is not only the youngest senior officer at the UN but the first woman to hold this position so whoop whoop to that in 2019 she was recognized as Thai magazine as one of the times 100 next rising stars shaping the future and just recently in 2020 she was recognized by Forbes magazine as part of their 30 under 30 in her role she works to expand the UN's youth engagement and advocacy efforts across the four pillars of the organization's work including sustainable development human rights peace and security and humanitarian action so Jayatma I will pass the mic over to you thank you so much for joining us thank you very much Kayla thank you very much for the invitation and for this opportunity I actually couldn't attend last year's symposium because of other commitments and I was really excited when I received the invitation to this year's and I think this is one of the blessings in these guys of working from home that we are able to connect and be with each other even if we cannot travel to be in person together so thank you very much for the invitation once again and I was going through some of the conversations that you've been having and the different papers and and the initiatives like the 4.7 initiative and really congratulations on all the great work that has been going into this work and I've been following SDSN youth and the many initiatives that you've launched and done over the years also the partnership that you have extended to my office for an example by taking over the reach not reach platform for a month and really making your voices heard within these platforms created in the UN thank you for that partnership and please continue to do the very important work that you are doing. Let me start by stating the obvious which is that the COVID-19 pandemic and as it continues to evolve it's becoming increasingly clear that the socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic will severely and disproportionately affect young people for years to come inclusive and future proof quality education will be key to preventing a lost generation of bright motivated young people being locked out of realizing their true potential. Education is a fundamental human right a public good and a public responsibility for an example you have been discussing education as a key entry point into the socioeconomic response to COVID-19 and we know that at the peak of the lockdown measures implemented around the world school closures affected more than 1.6 billion children and young people. Today nine months later around one third of young people within this cohort still remain unable to access remote learning missing out on crucial opportunities due to lack of internet lack of infrastructure and technological equipments. Marginalized groups of young people including young women and girls disabled young people have encountered even greater obstacles in being able to access and fully participate in education under the challenging conditions of the pandemic. It's the long-term effects of COVID-19 that are particularly worrisome in my opinion 317 million children are still affected by school closures and a shocking 10 million children are expected to have permanently dropped out of school. The most marginalized young people are experiencing particular devastation with approximately 50 percent of all refugee children in the world having left school and 20 million secondary school age girls out of school after the crisis has passed. Abrupt closures of schools and economic hardships caused by the pandemic have meant that plethora of doors has suddenly closed for millions of young women around the world. A dramatic surge in child marriage and adolescent pregnancies are anticipated with up to an additional 2.5 million girls at risk of child marriage over five years to come and adolescent pregnancies are expected to rise by up to 1 million in 2020 as a result of the economic impacts of the crisis. Without inclusive and equitable quality education for all we cannot eliminate poverty or tackle inequality or fight climate change or achieve sustainable development or promote peace. Simply put we have no chance at achieving the sustainable development goals by 2030 without a commitment to inclusion and education. I particularly want to stress the fundamental importance of educating all young people on human rights and equipping them with the knowledge and skills to respect demand and protect and uphold human rights of for oneself and for their community. While this pandemic has fostered acts of solidarity and a common sense of humanity the past months simultaneous they have also seen a worrying rise in human rights violations including hate speech racism discrimination human rights education for young people in both formal and non-formal settings promotes a common understanding that all human beings are equal and are equally deserving of dignity respect and justice. It's incredibly empowering for young people to be recognized equally as active citizens who play an important role in upholding their own human rights and human rights of those others. Young people deserve to be able to meaningfully participate in public affairs that determine their future and democratic decision making that will decide their future for themselves. In today's world effective resilient and inclusive education means equipping young people with the knowledge and the skills they need to navigate and thrive in an increasingly changing world marked also by digitalization automation and rapid changes due to the fourth industrial revolution. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the central role of technology in keeping economies and health systems running while also keeping young people learning and ensuring that everyone remains connected. In this aspect it has revealed and exacerbated global inequalities including strengthening or heightening the digital divide. So we urgently need to address the growing digital gender gap and put digital technology to work for those who need it the most. The vulnerable, the marginalized, those who are living in poverty and open suffering from discrimination of different sorts. Young people everywhere in all their diversity have the right to an education with the formal or informal that is sensitive to their particular needs and contexts and equips them with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in an increasingly complex world. So our response and recovery plans and this is what I have been advocating not only with member states but also with our United Nations teams in 104 countries who are now developing the socioeconomic response plans for the COVID-19 pandemic to include young people in the consultations, to include young people in the design of those socioeconomic response plans in those implementation and most importantly in accountability, ensuring accountability for those socioeconomic response plans as well. And digital connectivity in this quote unquote new normal is going to be key not just for young people to be educated about these responses to the pandemic but also to be able to meaningfully engage in shaping those responses and being a part of those responses in a way that it is affordable, safe and inclusive. So as we seek to build a strong recovery from the pandemic we must work to reduce these harmful aspects of the exclusion of young people but also lack of access to digital technology and information that can hinder unleashing the power that it could potentially have as a true equalizer and a true enabler. So it's been really a pleasure to be listening to some of the things that you have been discussing which are very much in line with the priorities and policies and recommendations that I have been pushing in the context of the United Nations and I really look forward to hearing some of your thoughts and your reflections and most importantly your recommendations to include further as learnings from this symposium in my work and in my advocacy trying to convince governments and the UN to substantially and sustainably invest fund, provide resources, tools and create safe enabling spaces online and offline for young people in all their diversity to equally participate in these important processions. Thank you very much. Thank you so much, Jayatma. You've covered so many of the topics that we discussed over the past two days. So one of the first questions that we have is actually just about technology so I think I'll start there. From Ivan he wants to know as young people what should we do to help the regulation of technologies as AI which have so many potentials to have problems but also sometimes worse than these inequalities? Yes so one of the key things is really to be able to understand the impacts of artificial intelligence on our futures and in our lives. I've seen sort of interesting sort of whatever what others called predictions for an example how artificial intelligence could replace sort of certain jobs that young people who are in schools or universities right now might be preparing for but might be taken away because of the developments in technology and artificial intelligence. At the same time there are predictions that says that actually these new technologies could potentially create new jobs and open up new opportunities for young people to be employed and be involved in and actually use for the betterment of the economies and societies. So these arguments on both sides keep on happening but at the same time organizations like the UN given how slow and bureaucratic and hierarchical they are haven't really been able to keep up with those rapid changes or rapid developments and have been actually lagging behind when it comes to gathering member states together and all partners together really because it's not just members it's also the tech company it's also the private sector who has a great stake in when it comes to regulating or sort of developing policy frameworks that help us regulate the development but also harmful effects of the development of technology. From the side of the UN the most recent initiatives have been the establishment of the Secretary-General's high-level panel on digital cooperation and now there is a roadmap developed in order to further sort of take the recommendations of the high-level panel forward and actually the Secretary-General has announced that next year he will be appointing a special envoy for digital technologies who will really be looking at these forward-looking issues and advocating together with the Secretary-General for member states to come together to adopt such global frameworks or normative frameworks that could potentially guide countries responses to developing regulatory frameworks or policy frameworks on this particular topic. So I would say please do read a little bit about the digital cooperation framework and the roadmap and advocate with your government with the organizations that you work with to apply this angle into the work that you are doing it could be the work on education it could be the work on employment it could be the work on climate change or peace and security because every aspect of our life is going to be impacted by rapid advancements of technology and we really need to make sure we are more futuristic in the way that we look at these issues or what we call emerging issues and I do think that young people have that advantage of being able to see this development and understand this development better as a generation with all due respect to all the generations and you are able to come up with innovative future-proof solutions that can help guide those responses so please be active and proactive and do get in touch with us as well we'll be more than happy to put you in touch with those groups within the UN who are working on digital cooperation and help you develop those partnerships to influence those processes. Thank you so much I actually had four questions here and you answered them all in that one response so thank you so much for that. I have one more question from Zan he says in your role over this pandemic have you been impressed by the intention paid to youth in UN decision-making and response or do you think there still needs to be more done? If I'm being very honest no I've been very not satisfied but that has actually been a part of my job you know just to be like be a watchdog and be proactive and if I see something happening something important happening a policy being formulated and youth voices not being heard just to kind of knock on that door make sure that they open the door and bring young people into that conversation so wherever we have seen important initiatives being designed or important decisions being made we've tried proactively to bring young people into those conversations so starting from the policy papers that the secretary general published on COVID-19 response from on education to mental health to employment to social protection we've really integrated youth into those key recommendations that the secretary general provided to governments. We worked with UNICEF and WHO for an example to launch a series of mental health dialogues called coping with COVID because the UN was not really paying attention on mental health in the first few months of the pandemic. We tried together with UNESCO and UNICEF again to highlight the investments in education together with global partnerships because we know that next year because of the pandemic the official development assistance by countries are going to significantly reduce and this has the risk of reducing investments that goes into education particularly and that's going to reverse the hard-earned progress we've achieved over the years. So we've advocated a lot with the global partnership education and its replenishment for donor countries particularly to keep their commitments to the funding for education particularly in developing countries. So a lot of this has been kind of looking at the spaces identifying if young people are there or not and really pushing for them to be included. There have been certain instances where institutions have proactively sought for the inclusion of young people within the design of those programs themselves but unfortunately still I think young people come to mind for a lot of the times for institutions as an afterthought. So you know you have a program, you design everything and then oh we didn't have women here or we didn't have young people here or we didn't have disabled groups represented here and then you like organize a focus group discussion or a consultation and just like present it and yeah yeah then you tick the box and that still happens unfortunately after so many years of advocacy and that's why I like to think that our work is not over and it's actually starting you know just because we have a huge strategy at the UN it doesn't mean that everyone's going to adopt it and implement it in their day-to-day work so we are continuing to do that work from within the UN system and really what you are doing also from outside but in partnership with the UN really helps to bring that message and advocacy into life so again thank you for your work as well. Oh thank you so much and you know I appreciate your honesty and you know your rawness and I think that that's what we need right now is we need the facts and young people need to know that there are organizations and others trying to get their voices at the table and to have them included so thank you so much for joining us I'm very happy that you were able to you it's it's been a great two days I mean thank you to yourself thank you to all the speakers over the past two days I mean I think a lot of outcomes have come out of here the last thing that I would kind of like to say is you know every don't give into the anxieties of life I mean especially right now during this pandemic right I want everybody to continue to fight for what they believe in while also supporting the work of you know all of their own fellow young change makers and don't lose sight of your own goals but the SDGs as well because the only way that we'll achieve them is together just maybe Kayla sorry I I don't want to sound so negative because I feel like I've only been talking about problems but I just want to also end on a positive note and I think it's been incredible to see the resilience of young people and I think we really need to respect the resilience and the leadership and and the agency they showed throughout this crisis right losing jobs losing education mental health challenges they still went out to the communities to help the most vulnerable people did grocery shopping for elders did community campaign occasion campaigns online set up hand washing campaigns in refugee camps there are millions of such bravery stories of bravery of young people while going through such difficult times themselves who stepped up to support their communities and that's the spirit of leadership and boldness and sort of selflessness that we've seen from youth leaders around the world and I've been very honored to document some of these stories through a blog series that I did every week I highlighted these 10 stories of young people who were really out there in the front lines as unsung heroes and and if you have such stories as well please do send them to us because we also need as Kayla said these stories of inspiration to know that you're not fighting alone or you're not advocating alone that there are so many others like you in their own contexts is trying to achieve the same goals as you so that is the network that is the community I think that will help all of us going and keep us going in very turbulent times like this so just wanted to end with a positive note thank you no of course thank you so much and take care of yourselves and take care of each other I think is a very important lesson that we learned over the past two days thank you so much for everybody who came it's been great I want to pass over to Gabriela Marino who is the coordinator as well for the Vatican Youth Symposium and also the program manager at the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences thank you so much Kayla you did a great job and Sam as well you are always brilliant and a great couple power couple in this in our youth symposium and I'd like to thank Jillian as well for her amazing technical abilities with the videos she did a great job too and Amanda Shannon and all the SCSN youth team and I want to say that the Vatican Youth Symposium is so good it's been enjoyable even on zoom and I'm always so inspired and humbled and energized by this group and I'm so glad to see that the pandemic hasn't stopped you so here at the academy our main topics at the moment to focus on are the fight against human trafficking which we've been leading since the pope gave us these this mandate in 2013 climate change which has been a major topic for the past 20 something years maybe 30 and food waste as well because the present of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences is a food expert so I encourage you to look at our websites which I will post in the chat and if you have any comments or questions please let me know I would also like to end by saying that we have to wish Pope Francis a very happy birthday because it's his 84th birthday today so I think this is a wonderful gift that we are giving him for being here and celebrating his birthday this way thank you so much and I now give the floor back to Sam and our professor sex thank you so much Gabriella what a symposium that has been a big thank you to gentlemen for speaking just before and her leadership at the UN level a huge thank you to our audience and not just our participants on zoom there have been 450 registered and attended throughout the two days but also on youtube and around the world where I believe yesterday we had just a thousand people joining in and we're watching the live stream a huge thank you to our team in particular Kayla and Gabriella but also Jill Shannon Amy Amanda Julia who have worked extremely hard to make this incredible event happen is usually they work very hard but in this case doing it online has been extremely challenging and they've done an incredible work if we're standing in a Pontifical Academy of Sciences I would be giving them a standing ovation right now as there have been critical figures behind this work so a huge round of applause to all of them and a huge thank you a huge thank you to also Dr Betsy Parker who has been the patron of this symposium and constantly been supporting her and for her for her leadership for this important event as our support over the past several years and she sent a lovely message to us last night saying that this symposium was fantastic so we're very happy to hear that as well and very happy to have her here a massive thank you again to Monsignor and colleagues at past but also our amazing partners at UNESCO the Ban Ki Moon Center the SDG Academy CSC and of course the Pontifical Academy what an incredible two days this has been a huge thank you to our speakers starting with his whole his holiness Pope Francis whom I wish a very happy birthday Secretary General Ban Ki Moon Aldre Ozue Irina Bokova Dr Chia and many more in the second day we started with the executive director of UNICEF we talked about and we talked with human rights leaders Kerry Kennedy and Hindu Ibrahim young pioneers such as Philippe Belize and Alejandra and then Professor Yanis Varoufakis and Alexandra with a senior in Miragar City and of course Professor Mohamed Eunice and now Joe at me so many incredible speakers and through this we talked about the critical role of education and fostering sustainable development through mission 4.7 we got inspired by human rights activists will learn from city leaders about the future of decarbonization and we were reminded to foster an interpenorial spirit through wise words and fantastic examples and now we're here finally I would like to hand over to professor sacks and then for months and you're too sanctuary surrender to close this as the patrons of this in important symposium and as the pandemic rages on there is one last thing I would like to leave you with there is now as the pandemic rages on an even greater need for young people to lead the movement for widespread and urgent reform and for a better and more prosperous world and I would like to leave you with this one quote a mentor once shared with me one asking for a better world never be shy always be persistent and don't take no for an answer it's your world you have every right to shape it and with that I hand over to professor sacks thank you Sam thank you very much and first amen and also to add my thanks to the thanks that you just gave to all of our wonderful friends and colleagues and people who inspire us and what a way to celebrate Pope Francis's birthday so I think we'll send him a big happy birthday on the occasion of the youth symposium and in all of all of your names as well because that really lights up everything for us Sam thank you for all your leadership of SDSM youth to get it started and to carry it to where it is today Sam is no longer technically youth he's an old man now not quite as old as I am but he's an old man and so we're passing the baton to true youth coming up but Sam is studying at Oxford this year and will continue to be a fantastic global leader and a leader of the global schools program which is key Jayathma thank you so much for all that you're doing and for all of the radiance you're bringing to the United Nations and to keeping that central and vital institution engaged with young people because this is really the great opportunity now the UN is 75 years old this year but it's also starting the next 75 years with a new generation and a new generation that understands that the UN is central for our well-being and our survival for our human rights for sustainable development for peace on the planet and what you are doing is connecting the UN with young people around the world will lead the UN for the next 75 years so your work is so important and I'm really really grateful we launched mission 4.7 in this youth symposium and let's make that historic moment with the SDSN youth and with the unbelievable chance to partner with the Pope Francis and the global compact on education and UNESCO and Ban Ki-moon wow it just couldn't be more exciting to help bring the needed understanding of sustainable development and the appreciation of global citizenship and all that that entails the appreciation of cultures as Monsignor emphasized the opening and connections with Asia is absolutely central so that we have a world that is united and working together and this is possible all over the world please connect with mission 4.7 with the global schools program with the ways that you can be engaged you are experts in the digital world by definition you are you're online you're savvy help to get schools online help to get kids connected help to create new ways for e-tutoring help to make new education programs global classrooms intercultural dialogue digitally which now we can do so we don't only have to talk about another part of the world we can connect do things together have school assignments together get school children playing together in ways that were not imaginable before and you're the experts on this making the apps writing the code connecting the schools putting up the solar panels putting up the routers creating new companies that can help to do this at a larger scale please let's go out and do it and let's tell a good story that inspires others to keep doing it and keep expanding the effort we have a lot of kids to reach more than a billion and I want to reach everybody because every child will benefit from quality education and even with poverty and dislocation because of technology we have ways of doing things now that were not even imaginable before but we have to try it won't happen on its own and that's what we have committed to do UNESCO as we heard from the director general and the assistant director general our partners patron and co-chair of mission 4.7 will be holding the UNESCO world conference on education for sustainable development in berlin the 17th to the 19th of may let's be sure that mission 4.7 is telling the story that we have moved around the world are actively engaged see the work being taken up and especially see sds and youth all over the world caring the banner and helping in the most practical way as we heard about in morocco and other countries to really put this new exciting mandate into operation so let me close here thank gabriella and one senior marsala sanchez serrondo thank betsy parker thank all of the sds and youth leaders thank you sam and congratulations jeff mon thank you so much for being with us a wonderful exciting gratifying thrilling occasion and let's all say together happy birthday to pope francis thank you thank you so much jeff and thank you for joining mon senor would you like to give the final remarks and close out the symposium i actually don't know if he's here i'm trying to say it's not easy to speak after all these very interesting interventions and contributions but i think that was very impressive all the different contribution but you know you know was real very central he say in the end that all depend because we are free and we have responsibility as person this is the characteristic of of the human person to be responsible and to be entrepreneurs we can work in other multinational but we are a slave of this multinational say just uh you know and only work to to give money for these people so we need to understand that we need to have a clear end and goal and and this depends of our responsibility our free and of course we are good not because we have a good intelligence yeah it's very important to be intelligent and to know many things but it's more important to have a good will to find the good to not be selfish to to try to to to laugh the other people and to try to support the family we all the things that we don't speak too much in this meeting this about the family but the family is very important and and also the the the the communities not the big communities but the the communities that support the crisis and the other thing very important that say you know for me and the same they say the pope the pandemic is an opportunity to change and uh we need to change just in this in this sense to put love in our heads to to avoid competition but in the contrary to to have encouragement to each other and especially to try to really the good of the other people and we are faced at these very interesting problems that put in the table for example the problem the problem of the of the health uh also for mental health to say sorry Sorosco that they are a real problem of this and and to to solve the problem of the health we need to come back to god really we don't speak too much to god age one can have some religion but we need to believe that exists some being that is superior and have intervention in the history and we need to pray what's very interesting francis calling that is the national director of the institute of health of of united states and say look we need to come back to pray to god to have an intervention like us prophet is a is a yes to have an intervention and to bless us and to bless our history because our history is full of war a full of of hate in our in our heads so really in the context that we are near to christmas that is the birth of the love in the world we need to be open to to renew our love to renew our love for the other people and to renew our love for god really this could be the first gift that we can give to the pope in his birthday and of course in the academy this in the academy of the Vatican this is the context that we work thank you very much and thank you because i see that the intervention of the of the young people was more optimistic that the intervention of the old people but the old people have some ways that the young people not have and we need to follow the wisdom of the old people thank you very much thank you very much once in a year and thank you everyone who spoke and with this with a wonderful speech we would like to call for the closure of the seventh Vatican youth symposium and we hope to see you next year hopefully in better circumstances in the beautiful halls of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences with that have a great morning afternoon and evening and thank you for joining us thank you thank you very much for your so thank you thank you thank you thank you so much thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you everybody have a good evening and i hope it was interesting for you as well ciao ciao ciao


Good day, fellow investors. Peter Lynch says that if you can't present a company in two minutes, then it doesn't pay to invest in that company. So in this video, I'm going to try to present a company that I think it's a good buy in two minutes. Let me immediately start. The company is the Anderson's US company involved in the business mostly of grain, distributing, storaging grain, corn, soybeans, wheat, and then also producing a little bit of ethanol, distributing the grain around the US wheat rail, and also producing plant nutrient. The problem with all these businesses is that they are in a terrible, terrible situation now. Margins on the grain storage are incredibly low, ethanol, we all know the issues going there, headwinds, rail also, headwinds, and plant nutrition fertilizers are extremely, extremely cheap. This means also that the stock price is very cheap. If we take a look at the five-year chart, we can see that it was around current prices in 2012, shoot up to 70 or more in 2015, fell down to 22, I think it was in 2016, then jumped up to 44, and now we are again at 30. So incredible volatility, which is logical due to cyclicality. Investors, analysts, they look at what happened in the last few quarters and what will probably happen in the next few quarters. And the outlook isn't that good in the next few quarters. However, that's exactly the reason why now Anderson is a good buy, because when the outlook will be much better for the next few quarters, which can be in 2019, the stock price will spike like it has spiked two times in the last five years. If we look at the financials, you can see how the revenue is very, very volatile. It went from 2.3 billion in 2007 to 5.6 billion in 2013. And now we are at 3.7 billion. What is very, very unusual is that the company with 3.7 billion in revenue is now having a loss of 17 million. Last year, it was a gain of 12 million, which are minimal, minimal margins. If those margins improve, and when those margins improve, we can see earnings per share at the levels that we have seen them in 2011, 12, 13. And then we can expect earnings per share to be at three to three dollars per share. Nice thing about the company is that it has doubled its book value per share over the last 10 years. If they continue like this, of course, in a better environment, it would be great for them. Look at corn prices, as you can see here for the last 10 years, corn prices, again, a cyclical are very, very volatile. So when corn prices, soybean prices, wheat prices are low, then the margins for the undersons are not that good. Here you can see that on the storage of the grains, the margins are currently negative. So they are not making any money there. However, if they reach the historical normal or their target range of 15 cents to 45 cents per bushel, when they store it, then on the 160 million that they are storing, that is already 30, 40 million in pre-tax profits. So when the situation turns in the grain industry, the undersons will profit significantly. If we look at the outlook, the outlook isn't that positive. That is also why the stock price is depressed. However, sooner or later, margins have to normalize because if not, then the whole industry is not sustainable and the food industry has to be sustainable. So even if no significant margin improvement expected soon in some businesses, if you position yourself into undersons now, I think that in the next three, four, five years, the stock price will double somewhere. If the stock price falls, then you know what to do, average down because you are buying value. You will be paying 80, 70, 60 cents on the dollar. So watch the company. If it goes more down, then it becomes a strong buy. For now, it's a good long-term investment and a very interesting investment, especially for those who want to have inflationary protection for their portfolio. Thank you for watching and I'll see you in the next video.


Welcome everyone. So our next speaker is Diego with SNAP, a toolkit for user space networking. Hi. Hello, everybody. Hi, thank you very much. Thanks for attending this talk. On this talk, the title is SNAP. I'm going to talk about this toolkit for programming users, networking functions in user space. It's called SNAP. Basically what I would like to achieve with this talk is three things. Introduce you to SNAP, explain a little bit how it works, and what kind, show you what kind of things you can deal with SNAP. So let's go for it. What is SNAP? SNAP is a toolkit for developing network functions in user space, and it's mostly aimed for high-performance networking. And I need to clarify two concepts here in this definition. One is what is a network function, and another one is what is high-performance networking. So a network function is basically a program, any program that manipulates network traffic. These programs, usually what they do is a series of basic operations such as read a packet, forward it, drop it, modify its headers, or create new packets. And combining these primitives, you can build any network function you can think of. For example, a firewall essentially is an application that gets incoming packets compared to a table of rules and executes an action depending on the result, either forward the packet or drop it. A network address later gets incoming packets, modify these headers, source IP, destination IP, recalculates checks and forward the packet. And it's an alien application, gets incoming packets, creates new ones, embeds the old one into the new one, and send it through the network. So these are the types of applications that you can do with Snap. And what is about high-performance networking? So the networking field has changed quite a lot in the last five or six years. What has happened is that the hardware has become much better and the prices have dropped. So nowadays you can get a 10G NIC for 100, 200 bucks depending on the vendor. So NICs of 25G, 4G are affordable. Still the appliances, the equipment that you find in data centers are still very expensive, these high-end routers by Cisco. So people start to have this idea of maybe I can build a piece of hardware that is equivalent to these high-end routers using commodity off-the-shell pieces. Maybe you can build a piece of hardware that is equivalent but you still need to put some software in that hardware. So what would you put? On the natural choice it feels like it will be Linux because Linux will conquer the world, it will put Linux everywhere. But the point is like Linux doesn't fit well in this scenario because the way Linux works is a general-purpose operating system and whenever a packet hits the NIC there's going to be an interrupt and then the kernel has to handle this packet, it goes through all the networking layer of the kernel until it reaches user space where we are running a network function. What happens is a network function is split into user space LAN and kernel LAN. There is a cost of this packet going through the networking layer of the kernel that at this speed is significant. For example, if we are using 10G NIC dealing with packets of 550 bytes, so every 440 nanoseconds a new packet is hitting the NIC. If we want to process all these packets with one single core at 2.5 GHz that means we have 1500 cycles per packet for a network function. That's our budget. And this gets worse if the packet is smaller. In the smallest possible packet of 64 bytes we are getting a new packet every 51 nanoseconds. If operations that happen in the kernel such local logs or an L2 Cosmis has a cost that it will eat almost the whole budget. And there is a great article of a presentation by Jesper Brouet who is there where he explains all these things. So people find out this problem in the kernel and they start to think of solutions and there are many solutions to this problem. This in the kernel has improved also it's worth mentioning that. But one of these solutions was to do a kernel bypass. And a kernel bypass means you tell the kernel hey don't worry about the NIC leave it to me I know how to handle and then you program driver in user space. Which is quite hard but that's how you do it. Luke Gorey the originator of SNAP and my colleague Deliver a talk about how you can write driver in user space yesterday. And there are other two kits that follow a similar approach. There is a toolkit very well known called BPDK by Intel. There is a collection of drivers in user space by different vendors. And there is also BPP now renamed to FDIO by Cisco it's a project on the Linux foundation and it follows philosophy very similar to SNAP. So let's go with SNAP. SNAP was a project that started in 2012 by Luke Gorey. It's mostly developed in Lua and SNAP means fast in Swedish. Fast is something that characterizes SNAP because SNAP is fast because that's a kernel bypass. It is fast because it's written in Lua and network functions are written in Lua so that's faster than coding in C it's very easy with SNAP to go from idea to code to production. And it's also fast because it runs on top of LuaJit. LuaJit is a just-in-time compiler for Lua. It's a extremely fast virtual machine it's regarded as one of the fastest virtual machines out there and in addition has very good integration with C thanks to foreign fusion interface that is only available in LuaJit. It's not implemented by a standard Lua. And in SNAP most of the data types and data structures are actually defined in C. How it works in SNAP a network function is essentially a collection of apps connected together via links and once we have this graph of apps we pass into the SNAP engine that is going to run it in units called breads. So here's an example of a very basic program in SNAP what we do is that we start the configuration then we instantiate in this block the apps we need we need a NIC this is the driver that's going to read packets from the NIC and then we have a filtering app that is going to filter packets with source port 80 and then we have a pickup app where we're going to write down packets to an output file. Then on the next block we connect these apps together whatever comes out from the NIC is going to fit the filtering app and whatever comes out from the filtering app is going to fit the pickup app. We pass down this configuration to the engine and we run it this is how it will look like as a graph whatever comes out from the NIC it goes to the filtering app the filtering app does something with the packets and whatever comes out is passed to the pickup that eventually writes down the packets to a file so I said that the SNAP engine process packets in breads and a breads has two steps it has an inhaler step that is going to put packets a batch of packets actually into the graph and it's hellish step that is going to process those packets. On the inhaler step the method pool of the apps is executed it feels fine and on the exhale step the method push of the apps is executed this is how the pool method of the internal driver looks like well it leverages on another class called def but what it does it loops and what can't receive packets is going to receive a packet and put it in the output link push method of the filtering app we showed before looks like what it's going to do is going to read the input the incoming link and whether packets receive them and if the packet matches the expression the filtering expression is going to transmit it to the output link and if not it drops it as a summary in SNAP there are two things to keep in mind is that usually there's only one app that is going to introduce packets into the graph I call this app the originator app this will be apps such as driver that reach packets from the nick or for example a pickup reader that reach packets from a pickup file or an application that builds packets on the flight and then all the other apps are going to implement a push method because the push method is what it gives the apps the opportunity to do something with a packet this is how a packet looks like in SNAP it's a very simple data structure it's on a ride of bytes 10k actually with a length field and here's how a link looks like a link is a buffer of packets 1000 and it's actually a ring buffer it has two pointers, a read pointer to read packets from and a write pointer to write packets to anything that has to do with packets you can build it with SNAP but when you start with SNAP you don't have to build everything from scratch because SNAP already gives you a bus catalog of things that are already built into the toolkit for example libraries you have libraries for parsing protocols IPv4, IPv6, TCP calculating checksums, you have apps, drivers filtering apps, load generators, sockets it's mostly aimed for high performance networking but still you can use the interfaces by the operating system unique socket, raw socket, top and it already has full-fledged programs L2VPN, a list per lightweight after network function IPv6, on the next slide I'm going to go through some of these applications that we built and I will show you the things that we did for example we built a lightweight after network function lightweight after is a network function it's part of a standard call lightweight for over 6 this is an architecture for deploying IPv6-only networks and still offering IPv4 connectivity and services it was a project mostly founded by Doge Telecom because they are deploying this architecture in their next generation networks called Terastream a few months ago I wrote down a blog post about how lightweight after, lightweight for over 6 actually works if you are interested, please check it out another application we built was Snapwall it's a L7 firewall and also that's L3 and L4 for the L7 firewalling we use a library called Live NTPI it's an open source library and for the L3 and L4 filtering we developed our own domain-specific language called PFLAMP, it was a project founded by NetFoundation, this is a foundation based in the Netherlands that founds open source projects that helps improving the internet actually it's a chef delivered a talk yesterday a keynote called the future of the internet and all the information on the development process of Snapwall is at this website, snapwall.org it was a project developed by my colleague Asumu and Adrian IPv6 stands for IP flow and flow information export is a format for exporting network flows it's based on Cisco's net flow I think it was also a project developed by my colleague Asumu and he wrote down a blog post explaining how the tool was built and how it works and lastly this is something that I built recently it's a DNS service discovery I developed this as a tutorial to show how you can use Snap for building programs using top interfaces and what it does is it helps you to discover multicast devices in a local network such as Croncast or Amazon's Fire TV etc and I wrote down a blog post about how all the development process from an idea to code so how to get it started all the source code is at the GitHub the community also has around in a Slack channel there's also an official getting started guide but maybe it's a little bit outdated a few months ago I wrote down a blog post called Snap explaining it in less than 10 minutes which is essentially this talk in a blog format that was all from my site I hope you like it if there are any questions I'm glad to answer thank you very much thank you for the talk Diego we do have some time for questions thank you for your presentation I like the idea that Lua is used for programming and projects that also have programming capability open with speech users like low level not state machine but like a Turing machine with a set of registers so have you tried to do some switching L2, L3 switches with Snap okay I think the question is we have tried to build a switch with Snap I think you could build it, I think actually there is a learning bridge that means there is a tool that can learn the mapping between MAC address and port but I think I don't know if it's part of the repository or it was never merged but there was some attempts to build this tool a switch hello I read in your GitHub that you have some support for OpenStack what's the status of this support so you're providing amount to drivers for OpenStack somehow the question that there is support for OpenStack with Snap I'm not very familiar with but what I know is that Luke Gorey some years ago I think it was in 2015 he had to implement Snap, the interfaces of the neutron layer of OpenStack so you could plug Snap into the neutron layer of OpenStack does it make sense because I'm not very familiar with OpenStack so are you using OBS OpenVirtual Switch or something like that or you are just programming this Layer 2 functionalities directly with Snap I don't know I know they're familiar I know that he had to implement that because it was a requirement it was a long process OpenStack is like that my last question, sorry can you implement using Snap higher functions like filtering or load balancers or something like that, thanks load balancers no, what was the other one filtering? ah, firewall ok, the question was if we have tried if we have used Snap for building high level applications such as firewall or load balancer load balancer no on a firewall, the one that I mentioned is a firewall even for L7 for application level and also that's L3 and L4 there's a lot of time now so if you have any more questions you can take it off stage please thanks once again, thank you very much


What's up internet? We talk a lot about tech on this channel and if you're a tech enthusiast of a certain age you might have other people of other ages using your tech. Thinking children, nieces and nephews, er baka mga apo mo. Like this iPad which my 3 year old daughter dropped cracking the case, jamming the power button into the frame and I had to get it fixed by a stall tech at the mall. My 3 year old watches a lot of YouTube.  Oh goodness, here comes my daughter. See, Chage? I don't limit her screen time. I don't censor what she can watch. Does that make me a bad dad? The thing is what she watches, I also watch and a lot of the stuff is surprisingly good. So in this video, I'll touch on some channels that you might want to let your young child watch and some that you might want to skip. No promises, but you might come away thinking that perhaps a little more screen time isn't such a bad thing. So these are established channels either with an established IP behind them or an established media empire behind them. The first being very popular Peppa Pig. I have a very good friend whose daughter got into Peppa Pig and according to him, she became really maarte, fosy, kind of overacting. So he banned it. She's not allowed to watch it anymore. And I don't understand why because I love Peppa Pig. It's charming from the voices of the characters to the animation style to the little nuances. Like each character's name starts with the letter of what animal they are. So Peppa is a pig, her name starts with a P. Same with Susie Sheep, Danny Dog, Mandy Mouse, Pedro Pony, Gabriella Goat, but that pattern only extends to Peppa and her cohort, her classmates that are the same age. So that doesn't extend to the younger children like George, her brother, or the parents and grandparents. Peppa can be mischievous at times, teasing her parents, getting into spats with her best friend Susie Sheep and all of this is typical normal behavior from someone of that age. The character is not perfect, but flawed and believable. And there are allusions and references inside jokes which adults and older kids will get and which challenge the younger kids to kind of figure out what the joke is about. There's one scene where Peppa and her class visit the zoo and the zookeeper bringing them around is Mr. Lyon. He accidentally calls Madame Gazelle, the class' teacher, Miss Wilder Beast. And Madame Gazelle has to pipe up and say my name is Gazelle, not Wilder Beast. And Mr. Lyon, who speaks in a really urbane, very cultured accent, kind of a bit different from the kind of savage Lyon voice that you would imagine in your head, he goes that, oh, I'm sorry, I always mistake those two. Because from a Lyon's point of view, there really is no difference between a Gazelle, kind of deer and a Wilder Beast. They're both prey. Thank you, Mrs. Crocodile and Mr. Lyon. It's our pleasure, Mrs. Wilder Beast. Gazelle! Of course, yes. And all of this is happening just after a discussion where Madame Gazelle points out that some animals eat vegetables and then you get into a whole subtext of but some animals eat meat. I wish I could get by just eating flowers. There are also some sly references that Madame Gazelle might be a vampire as she's quite old. She taught Peppa's parents as well and she doesn't have a reflection in the mirror. So there are patterns here which a precocious toddler can pick up and appreciate their subtext, their subtlety, basically everything that you would want in a work for any age. To either say, Peppa Pig is even a bit subversive at times. Where the storylines are meant for kids but there's a lot of nuance going on just underneath the surface. Another mainstream channel with no nuance at all is Sheriff Labrador. This is classic, moralistic children's storytelling. Sheriff Labrador is the straight policeman that you can always rely on. He always finds the missing child. He always reveals that the monster is not really a monster. He is determined, polite and invariably always tells you remember kids, don't go off with strangers. Remember kids, don't open the door for strangers. Remember kids, strangers can steal your identity online. It is very in your face about the lessons you're supposed to draw from the videos. Personally, I find it a little fascist. I mean, to be honest. But the animation style is very clear. The stereotypes are important stereotypes. The idea that you can always rely on policemen Sheriff Labrador is the hero reinforced by the fact that his deputies are loyal but a bit bumbling. There are bad guys but Sheriff Labrador will always save the day. So there is zero nuance and subtext here. But the stories are generally entertaining if not particularly challenging to a toddler or let alone an adult. Next up are independent channels so no established media empire behind them but very high quality. First channel is super simple kids songs. So these are the run of the mill. You take a nursery rhyme and put new animation. But the animation is very good. One particular favorite of mine and my daughters is the roll over song. So there are 10 monsters in the bed and the little one said roll over. My daughter really identifies with the little one. The drawings capture so well the kind of mischievousness of the little one. So they have good Halloween themed videos. There's also skidmer ink. They have a good video on skidmer ink. So just top notch, entertaining animations and music. Next channel on this category is Coco B which sounds like Coco Melon but they're very different. Coco B is in the same vein as super simple kids songs where they take nursery rhymes and then they come up with new words for them. They can become quite catchy. They're talagang nasa-stuck sila sa ulo ko. The songs like mosquito party. I'm the best hairdresser. The Tyrannosaurus Rex is selling ice cream.  Some of them is a bit gross out humor so they talk a lot about boogers and poop. It turned me off a little bit at first because what self-respecting child talks about poop and booger but actually they're at that age, right? Coco B has a very distinctive art style but the colors are vibrant. The songs are catchy and generally harmless. Similar high production values but for older thoughts is Masha and the bear. So there's a young blonde girl living in the woods and she seems to have no parents but her caretaker is the bear. He has no name and the bear is silent reminiscent of how in Snoopy, the kids in Snoopy can always talk to each other. They always speak in English to each other but when a parent comes in the parent is always unintelligible. They speak in goobligook supposedly mirroring how adults sound like the children. In the same way, Masha can't talk to the bear but the bear has to communicate with her differently either through pictographs, popping up in the videos, images, different audio cues and things like that he can't talk to her directly. So it's Masha and the bear and then there's a whole cast of another bear that's friends with the bear, being carrots. There are the wolves that run the ambulance. A lot of the adventures take place in the forest with Masha interacting and Masha as a character is very precocious or she's a real agent in the cartoon.  Masha doesn't want to go to bed and bear tries everything to get her to sleep. So these are common childhood tropes done up in an entertaining manner with a very vibrant character. Masha is really the center of the series and her spunkiness will probably translate well to your toddler. In the sense that it encourages exploration as well as just basically interacting not being afraid of interacting with the world. A more sophisticated version of Kokobi or super simple songs would be their logo character is a rat so it doesn't look terribly sophisticated at first but they do take pop songs and then put in new words so not just the normal nursery rhymes plus there's a vaguely European feel to everything. When they're talking about getting sick and having to rest up there's a lyric that talks about take a herbal tea and soon you'll be better. It's a different kind of perspective kind of cookie cutter American style. The voices themselves also have a bit of an accent. Which I want to impress on my kid that not everybody speaks the same way and it's important to value difference even if just in terms of accent. So Horikid songs does talk about a lot of the usual childhood things sharing, getting sick with strangers of the same age and it does it in a sing-songy manner which can also worm itself very fast in your head. Next type of category is actually a grab bag because the beauty of the internet, the beauty of YouTube is that there's so many videos on it and I try to use it to expose my daughter to some of the cartoons that I used to watch. So she can now sing the Snow White hi-ho song of the dwarves she has watched the Three Little Pigs very old version from Disney. She also has a liking now for Beethoven with Otto Joy being according to her favorite song. So I think it's important to lean into the strengths of the internet that there's so much variety there that occasionally you can bring your child out of their comfort zone and expose them to different things in the hope that some of them do stick whether it's as varied as classical music playing on the piano or some really old Disney cartoon that you remember from your childhood. Now the last genre is the one that I wouldn't recommend.  The basic format is that you have kids, usually older kids seven onwards they're playing with toys interacting with their parents and the way the editing style works is it's like a fantasy integrated into reality. So you have toys but through editing suddenly a simple sword becomes a flaming sword or they are able to jump from different locations. Usually the kids in question are Caucasian usually there are a lot of corny sound effects the adult speak in very stilted cutesy voices. I mention that I don't censor what my daughter watches but I would prefer if she didn't watch these as I don't find a lot of value in them. They are spectacle for the sake of spectacle. They're like mindless brain candy. You're just watching but there is no subtext there's no nuance, you're not getting anything from it. You see all of these toys and the toys have to be extravagant because that's what the content focuses around. The children playing with the toys and then that being hyped up by the editing. Before when you were kids and you would play with toys, you have to use your imagination to add the special effects. But for these channels, the special effects are of course already added in the video. So even the added element of imagination is nullified is no longer needed because all of the details even the imaginary ones are already filled in. I have not removed these channels my daughter has her own YouTube account which I made I tell the algorithm that I'm not interested in those channels. I am not the type to censor. We'll get into the whole parenting thing in the next segment of this video but for now, I don't want to censor like flat out, okay these channels will no longer appear on your feed but I'm trying to nudge the algorithm not to surface them as much or at all. As mentioned very little redeeming quality at least IMHO. Plus I do worry that most of the kids are usually Caucasian. My daughter is Filipino-Chinese so I worry about the representation issues like how come all these white kids are the ones having fun with all of these toys why can't I have these toys and the world is already a complicated enough place where I don't want her to constantly associate white kids having all of the toys all of these fun kind of things and I actually can't think of an Asian channel with a similar approach and that being said even if there was I probably would not recommend it also again just because it seems like a very dumb-down version kids, entertainment can be smart. It doesn't need to be dumb-down but these kind of channels seem to cater to a I'll just give you everything mindset instead of you know a little imagination a little creativity some subtext, some nuance would be nice but there isn't any of that in these channels so while my daughter still watches them kind of mentally in my head when I see her doing it so those were the shows on youtube that I find funny even for myself also for my 3-year-old daughter and some shows that I wish she wouldn't watch as much. Now this is a very hot-button topic for parents screen time, there's a lot of moralizing about it. Just for added background yes my daughter has unlimited screen time, no I don't feel that she abuses it and it's only centered in the house once we go outside she doesn't have any screens, no screen in the car, no screen while we're eating outside because I feel that when you're outside you have a whole world to explore, to put your imagination on, to run around in so I'd rather have her running around the restaurant with her brother one years old, counting tables looking at the other patrons rather than having her face stuck in a screen. So at home only screen time, outside no screen time. And this is kind of the way I was raised, a kid in the Betamax era and I remember watching Star Wars, A New Hope just the Death Star scene so when the briefing with the rebels I can recite that from memory the briefing on Yavin 4 all the way up to the attack and all the way up to the end like I would watch it over and over again on Betamax like rewind play, rewind play so in a little bit yes we didn't have the internet then we didn't have the variety but parents of my age already had access to AV equipment and depending on how your parents were you might have already had lots of screen time ngayon lang naging point of concern because screens are so ubiquitous dati ang laki ng mga TV you can bring them around a lot now the options for screens and the options for what to watch on those screens is so varied but I think I turned out okay and had a very happy childhood so I'm trying to take the lessons I learned from that to my own experience with my 3 year old I'm not saying that this is the best approach I'm not saying that you should do this I'm saying that for my situation now with my daughter because I always watch them with her all of her screen time 90% of it is beside me the shows that she watches I also watch when I said I love Peppa Pig that's not an exaggeration I love Peppa Pig my favorite character is Madame Gazelle I also watch Sheriff Labrador all of those mentioned and a bunch of other channels that I didn't mention in this video when my daughter watches I also watch beside her I provide commentary sometimes on the actual episode and later on out in the real world away from the screen I try to relate some of the things that she saw in those videos to the real world Sheriff Labrador and the police that we have here Peppa Pig's dad being an architect design buildings and then someone else the engineer making the buildings so she's not watching in isolation yes she has only screen time but it's only screen time with a parent with either myself or my wife this approach is working for us so far maybe some other parents have very strong opinions about it I'm not saying that's the approach that you should take for your kid what I am saying is that there's a lot of content out there that is targeted towards children but it's actually good both for kids and for adults and maybe more screen time isn't always a bad thing thanks for watching thanks for watching and maybe one of these days magkita tayo sa shop


We get up and take a look at this market, folks, well let's go right into the futures first, why not? This is always fun, see where we're going to end up in the next 60 minutes. We take a look at these futures, okay, so we started out big, we go downtown to $39.74, rejects lower price, okay, you know, right now what's happening is this, so check this out, you're going at the $62,000 contracts and right now you don't have the juice. The first bar which is 40 minutes ago had $42,000, then we had $37,000, then we went lower with $29,000, that's going to try it again, you're going to need some volume here. We go into the NQs, we take a look at the NQs, NVIDIA is running the NQs here, no doubt about that, it's been highly volatile, it's going to be interesting looking at NVIDIA too whether, because the volume is a monster volume out there, so we'll see whether that's going to be really an ABC up or just a blowout to the top right now. We take a look at the NQs, what you have is this, same type of setup, so you're coming into 21,000 contracts, first time was 12, that's telling me we're going to back down, you know, but you have some strength here right before that, the strength came in here again at 10 past two, that big wide bar there, that's some strength, but bottom line is that, now if you, okay, so those are around 10 minutes, you turn around and look at them the daily, bottom line, you're not going nowhere, that's the bottom line.  Stay right there folks, come right back.