Hi, Sarkatchee is here for the 21 Report. Today I am stepping into some very enormous shoes. It's making me a little uncomfortable. I have a high degree of stress and anxiety, which is not normally the situation here today. And unfortunately, I'm having to interview the very man whose shoes I'm attempting to feel. Mr. George Brunov, the Sultan of Silver himself, thank you for being on your show. I like that, that's good. So we are in Warsaw, Poland. We've been here for a better part of a week. The convention is just roaring. What has been your experience in coming, seeing, engaging, and just tell us a little bit about your perceptions of the event, Warsaw, and your experiences here? Well, I'm thinking of my five senses right away. What I saw at the airport when I, now I'm from Philly, which is notably one of the worst airports in the United States. And it just always seems like it's filled with chaos. I came out of a plane into the terminal and it was quiet and there was Chopin music playing in the airport. And I'm like, wow, this is peaceful. Yes. And most people don't know Chopin's a native son too, which is an introduction to the community and culture. And then when I went down to baggage claim, there was more of a concerto playing and it wasn't just chaos. It was peaceful. I'm not used to that. I thought it was a simulation. For some reason, I just kept looking around and just waiting for a director to go cut, you know, because it was just too peaceful. It was almost as if it was orchestrated, where I'm just so used to chaos at airports in, you know, in the US. And then I ended up, by mistake, taking a bus here to the hotel and not the train. And the bus makes 25 stops on the way here. But I'm kind of glad I did because I got a chance to see people at the bus stops, people getting on and off. And it dropped me off right at the front door. So that was kind of a nice experience and a little bit of a sightseeing kind of thing. So it wasn't a matter of get from point A to point B as quickly as possible. Buses take the long way and the leisurely way. And I saw much more than I thought I was going to. And then the staff here, obviously it's a five star hotel. So you expect there to be just great customer service. But it was like above and beyond, above and beyond to the point where you're too nice. Like what's going on here? Right, yeah, there's a difference between service and gracious. And the service here is gracious. It is gracious, yeah. And the gal at the desk had me in one room. And she says, how long will you be here? And I said, until next Wednesday. And she says, oh, I want to make sure you get a room that has a really good view. So she searched and she gave me this magnificent room on a corner. And the panorama is beautiful. There's so much like it's beautiful lit up at night. The natural light is magnificent. So I was off to a good start right from day one, right from day one. And then settling in, having a little bit of jet lag, shower, nap, and then seeing people come in, watching the other half of the world attend this conference versus just the United States version, where guys are coming from the different states and so forth, listening to the countries that they're from. And the level of anticipation, like everyone has great haircuts. They all have very hip haircuts and facial hair and a spring in their step. And I thought, this is interesting. I just I didn't know what to expect. I did not know what to expect. And I know we've been raising the bar as far as many times conventions like this are jeans and t-shirt kind of thing. And I've noticed over the years the level of just the appearance of people has been elevated. So people are coming to these things looking good. Right. Yeah, so a form of culturalization, for example, they see it, they know it. It was interesting. Two young men, I believe, went out and got suit jackets, sports jackets. Just to sit down and say, we're going to try it. We're going to do it. They were intrigued by it, did it, and they were just absolutely sporting it. And that's influence. And so it's really kind of cool to see that as well. So tell us more about some of your involvement, some of the actual attendees and kind of that engagement. I know there's been a lot of that. Yeah. Well, a lot of hallway talks. A lot of talking with people during meals and so forth. A lot of little sidebars for image consulting, what I would call executive presence coaching with people. Like, what do you think of my haircut? What could I do different? Literally, do you like what I'm wearing? Would this, like a young man said, do you think this would work on a date? Fantastic. I like those kind of questions. People don't normally ask things like that, but the fact that they feel free to do that here is quite amazing. Quite amazing. And because who teaches that? No. It's not like most dads sit around and say, son, this is what you will wear on a date or when you meet a woman, that type of thing. Or you would have that. And so I think in a lot of cases this is being missed. And it's a real quick chance to touch base with it, to re-confirm, to get reassurance. And I find that occurring more and more. I know you've been terribly busy doing 21 report. And so I've been having the opportunity to spend time in the workshops. And so from my perspective, I'm seeing an involvement level at the workshop that I'm actually the opinion at this point that the workshops are absolutely more powerful than the presentations themselves. Because you now have essentially street level discussions taking place and going through. And so I wasn't sure if you were seeing more of that. I know, for example, the other opportunity is with dinners and so forth. And so last night I was able to see you at our farther end of the table. And seeing guys literally move from one end of the table to come over to be around your presence to see, literally to see you and to engage in sharing a meal last night together. And last night was incredible. Yeah. That was a good night. That was a good night. Yeah, the workshops, I believe on the first day, you and I, we did workshops. No cameras running, no photographers.  Right. Ask whatever you want. Comment on whatever you want. Do not be afraid to inquire about anything. So I did a little teaching and then the Q&A and it was magnificent. It was real personal. And I feel that since we implemented workshops, it's just a, it breaks up the day in the main hall. Right. Because just one speaker after another on stage can be tiring. It can, even though you get a little break in between having little breakaway groups with elective workshops, I think was a great choice. And it just packs a lot of learning into a short period of time. Yeah. And I find that it also increases the level of experience. It does. You know, and so that, that it's, and it's through another format. And so I think that also helps, you know, as I understand it and, you know, learning and about teaching what the methodology is, the more ways you can impart the methodology of teaching, the delivery system, the more effective it can be. Let's, let's carry beyond just sort of our experience. Let's talk about some of the, I guess the tone demeanor. What's the kind of the breakout ideas coming out of this convention? Each convention seems to have their own identities coming out of it. What are you seeing in particular with this convention, as well as a greater its manager itself? Well, it was interesting. I remember Anthony Johnson saying that the European meeting is going to be focused more on game and intergender relationships and so forth. And I remember that in a group chat. Right. And so I started thinking, okay, because I'm not usually the guy that talks about that. And so I started thinking, how, how can I contribute in that area? Well, I'm an older guy, I have, you know, I was young once and I have experience in that. And so I have a perspective that a lot of the younger guys don't have. And one of the pivots that I saw, which I felt at the Patriarch conference back in May, was towards family, settling down, you know, whatever that mean, however people define that. It wasn't the spinning plates conference, the Patriarch. It wasn't that. And it was really gloriaing on family, whether it be creating your own family. And I know there's people that have just demonized men dating or marrying someone who already has children. And for many men who do that, that becomes their family. Right. It's a fact. It becomes a family. They are no less of a family than two people meeting and creating children. It's a family unit. And when it's done right, it's a beautiful thing. And I saw that happen at Patriarch. I didn't think that was going to carry over to here. Right. And as I was sitting in the main hall, watching many of these presentations, any one of them could easily be a Patriarch speech. There was it was solid. Right. It had eternity in mind. It wasn't just everything didn't revolve around what you do with your zipper. Right. The terms like we talk about the words that are being used, the vocabulary, legacy, ownership, agency, being of value, contributing, and taking ownership and joy out of that creation. It's a new glossary of words, isn't it? It absolutely is. And so you can at least we're seeing a shift in language use is seeing a shift of value systems because you need new words for new value structures. And so we're seeing that. And so it's kind of curious. I know you and I are a stature in age associated with most of these young guys. Well over 50, yeah. Right. And they're looking at us and we're having these conversations that I think in many ways, had it been five years ago, this very well could have been absolutely a straight pickup convention. Yeah. And it just absolutely does not have that feel. And even when you have guys that are coming from well-known established pickup business practices and they're representing their companies, it still has a differing tone than what I think we would have seen five and definitely less than 10 years ago. Yeah. It's not four days of how to get laid. Right, or how to pick or how to approach. It's establishing yourself as a man with your own identity and then bringing that out to the world and communicate it congruently. It's less technique-oriented. No step one, step two. It's about step one, step two, working on yourself. Right. And in the community, we used to talk about silver bullets. Everybody's looking for the silver bullet to shoot to get the girl. Give me the one line. Give me the one line or whatever the technique and whatever it was. And this, across the board, the content creators are talking about taking agency of your life, becoming a high value individual first to yourself, then to the people around you in those relationships. And that radiates out, finding your purpose and going forward. And it's interesting, the parallels between two different talks that had two different subject matters were running very parallel to each other. And that was terribly intriguing to say, really, really intriguing to say. Yeah, there's a pivot. What did you say, new values required, new words? Yeah, new values, yes, that's right. Yeah, and that's why we create new words. And I'm not hearing the old glossary a lot this weekend. I mean, although it's there, for instance, Alexander said something, and so did Grannon, about it's not red pill, blue pill. It's not alpha and beta. It's adult and child. Right, and they're starting to look at things between being an adult view and an infantile view. And I think so much of the community initiated based on trauma. And you use infantile behavior in language because psychologically, you're impotent to a situation. So when we talk about hypergamy doesn't care, you're impotent. And I think as a masculine male, being impotent is an insult. And you're embracing intimacy. And I think there's something terribly unmasculine about that. And I think there's a interesting, if I'm finding this incredibly harsh in Europe where they just don't quite understand that whole track and they talk about red pill, but they don't quite understand, I guess, the American version or the Western Hemisphere version and fixation on it. And they're looking to skip beyond that. And what I'm also finding very, very distinctly is that they don't have a means and a method to get there right now. And they're looking for that pathway and that network and that connection. And they're thriving on the inner dynamics. And I know your name keeps being brought up again and again. So I'm finding that terribly fascinating. Yeah, yeah. I think it's a good pivot. It's a very good pivot. And what we're not doing is, in America, they're tearing down monuments of the past. What we are not, I'm not tearing down the monuments of the red pill and pickup community. I'm not tearing them down. They are there. They are still there. They will always be there. I'm not looking to just blast them into obscurity. I'd like to feel that I'm adding to the glossary, not replacing it. I'm adding to it. I'm giving people new words to use. Literally, I stop myself before just when I'm about to say, she's not yours. It's just your turn. I stop myself from saying that. I stop myself from saying alpha and beta. I stop myself because I don't want to be part of the echo chamber. There's no growth in the echo chamber. Like in the exercise world, you have to cross train. You have to do different exercises to build. I think if we just keep using the same language over and over, nobody really grows. And it's not forsaking the past. I'm not damning the past at all. I just think it's a mature way. I don't want to perpetuate anyone's adolescence. It doesn't help anybody to keep them at the adolescent stage of intergender relationships. A man picks up a woman, ends up having a relationship, and then he thinks he can't fall in love with her because it's beta. I can't hold her hand. I can't give her flowers because that's too beta. Yeah, because there's behavioral codes and practices ingrained in the ideology. And I talk about that. It's cultish. It's very cultish. And things have changed. Things have changed. And I think it's any trailblazers in any discipline are going to be mocked at first. Come on, let's get real. When I look at, I don't want to say I'm comparing us to Tesla, but he was viewed as crazy. Now we're looking back and we're thinking, that was a genius. That was an absolute genius. And I think history is going to prove that we are onto something, that the men's community can evolve, can change, can grow, can mature, and that there's room for everything and everybody. We don't have to keep everybody in the playpen with a pacifier in their mouth. I don't want to babysit anybody. Well, it's a form of nursing.  And men don't suckle. Whether themselves, and they don't demand that they suckle. What I find with a lot of the troll comments and stuff is that we're pulling the sucker or pacifier out of their mouths, and they want their bah. My daughter, she had her bah, and you had to sit down and say, no, we're going to start eating whole meals.  And there's this kind of a transition phase. And I think we're really caught on the early approaches of that as a lot of these ideas become so mainstream that we're carrying them forward. I think they're also receiving more feedback than we ever had before. Because it's hard to get responses inside of an echo chamber or a small group of community where it hasn't been vetted through other means. You don't have outside professionals now all of a sudden becoming aware of it. And we're starting to see a lot more of that. And it's removing themselves out of essentially amateur and well-skilled amateur investigation or process into now where you're starting to become vastly more legitimate, where you have scientific observations. You have people that are coming back from family practices. You're having psychologists be involved. And I think that's going to influence us in a very positive way. And also looking at people from a far more diverse background. You come from a men's grooming and styling background. And you're coming in initially to talk about this. But what I find is that the concepts and technical expertise you bring are actually a conduit for having an underlying conversation that's showing one realm of excellence in their lives. And you manifest that, by the way. And that's the other added benefit of it is I'm not just teaching this, but I'm showcasing that. Well, I've always said when it comes to men's grooming, groom with a purpose. There's a purpose. There's a reason why you brush your hair a certain way, clean your skin a certain way. There's a reason why it's OK for a man to take care of himself. The gruff, rough, and tough, dusty, crusty guy is a thing of the past.  If a guy cares for his skin and irons his own clothes or something like that. And they end up getting mocked. And what I've experienced is when I've interviewed women, what do you like about a man? What do you look at? Honestly, many women have said, I look at a man's hands. She's, you know, women will say, if they're gnarly and dirty, she is, I don't want those hands touching me. So things like, dudes, wash your hands. Keep a scrub brush at the sink. Clean your nails. I said, what else? One woman said, I look at a man's shoes. I can size a man up in a few seconds by seeing his shoes. Are they all scuffed up? Do they look good? Do they compliment what he's wearing? And I never thought of that. I just, you know, I'm very functional. Tanner Guzzi was the one who said to me, don't, what did he say? Don't sacrifice style on the altar of comfort because, you know, nobody loves wearing cargo shorts and crocs more than me. Right, yeah.  You probably really is. But he says, do it with intent. Don't, you know, know your archetype, know your intent, know exactly why you're doing it. And make sure that's being committed. Just don't just make an assembler because that was relatively within your task in Greece. You know, it's been fantastic. So I think that has been caring for yourself is not metrosexual. It's not being effeminate. It's pride. It's self-care. Right, and Jack Donovan in his talk where he talks about the way of men and he talks about the four tactical virtues. Yes. The tactical virtues of masculinity and one's honor. And when you clothe and you adorn yourself, it's a form of honoring yourself.  And when you start looking at it in that vein, it's really hard to make a sloppy decision and sit down and say, I'm going to dishonor myself, my family, and that's going to be my way of life. And it's hard to also then sit down and say, I'm not doing this intentionally. And that's what I'm sub-communicating. I love those ideas. I really love that thought. And I really appreciate that both you and he have brought that to this convention and this organization and are just stellar exemplars of each. You know, it's so funny. I was talking with Tanner last time. And he felt that we made a good pivot. He felt it. He wasn't getting weary or wary of the direction that we were going in. He just felt that what he offers might not be as relevant. And then when he saw us, when he saw how Patriarch took a turn, like a cruise ship takes a, you know, it's turning arc is quite big. We've been slowly turning the ship around. And he was very, very pleased with the direction. And I'm glad he communicated that with me, because I was feeling it. Because when you feel something that might be slightly controversial, one of your biggest fears is that you're going to, you feel that, number one, you're the only one that feels that way. Right. Yeah, as much as I'd say. And number two, if you say something, you're going to get mocked. Right. And so as he and I were talking, we said, yeah. It was like, wow, you feel that way too? Me too. And so that discussion happened. And more and more people have been commenting in that direction.  I don't think I've gotten as many haters in my life on social media as I have gotten in the past six months with the pivot that we're taking. And I think we're going in the right direction. I think some of the crises and the chaotic ideological splits and nuclear fission that has happened has been a good thing. It's standing on a mountaintop and planting your flag and claiming your territory.  We were switched roles. You were saying we're unfurling the sails. We're resetting the sails. And you're adjusting our sails to catch the more appropriate wind to actually travel better with more ease and more efficiency and more power. And I really like that analogy. It's one thing to stick a flag, but you're going to hold that territory. And it's never usually healthy. It comes at extreme cost when you actually hold a position. But I do like the notion is that if we're talking about this as a movement, if we're going to be taking men on a life arc journey. In many ways, I think we talk about the 21 convention given the attendees the opportunity at a hero's journey. This organization, I think, we're witnessing itself going through a hero's journey itself. And so they're going to be natural trials and tribulations of it. And I think right now we're seeing a resetting of the sails and unfurling of additional sails for our benefit. And I think it's going to be a tremendous asset. Yeah. When I look at some of the things that we have been unjustly accused of, like, oh, it's misogyny weekend, far from it. That didn't happen? I mean, I understand that AJ Ratz is right outside right now additionally in discounts on his woo program. Yeah, exactly. 25% more woo. Right. It's not a how to get laid conference. Wife up the slut. Yeah. Come on. Who doesn't want to do that? I mean, I know all the guys on Pornhub. That's precisely what you want to do. The girls in your favorite tab, you want to wife that out. Or your mini harem of girls. Exactly. I like to think that we are capturing men at a young age. I'm trying to think who I was listening to recently on YouTube, what marketer it was. It might have been Grant Cardone. And he was, no, no, it was Gary Vaynerchuk. And he says, and they were talking about the different platforms. And they were talking about TikTok. I don't know what TikTok is. I see it. So many else made it wrong. I only have so much attention on certain things. And I'm going through a process of eliminating. I don't either. And the demographic for TikTok is between 9 and 14. That's going to be dangerous. But what happens is Gary Vaynerchuk started advertising. He says, I want to reach them at 9 years old. So that by the time they're 18, 19, 20 years old, they know what my agency does. And he's doing it from a business perspective. And there's a finite number of 20-year-olds out there. But there's an infinite number of youth coming up. Yeah, they're replacing them every year. And there's a spectrum. The old model of the manosphere is a man passes through the manosphere. And then when he wants to settle down, he's no longer part of it. Right, right. And that was the intent, initially. Yeah. You indulge yourself for this time period. You do it, and the intent is you go through it. And somehow that's changed. I'd like to think that we have the man for his entire life. And it wouldn't that be something? Yeah. Yeah, that you sit down and say, it's cross-generational. Cross your entire life arc. Yes. This convention and the ideas being here are as relevant to a 20-year-old as they will be to somebody in their 50s.  That will not be a talk or a seminar that I will ever do. Right. Maybe 40 years ago, 30 years ago, I could have done that. Now it's, all right, you've been married a few years. You have kids. Maybe you're approaching empty nest years. Not you. You're empty nest is not going to happen for a little while. Yeah. I'm saying that because how old is your daughter? She's three and a half. She's three. OK, that's fine. Yeah, if that happened, that would be a tragedy. Something seriously went awry. But I don't discount men of any age. And there's always going to be men getting separated and divorced. Right. But the 55-year-old guy getting divorced is going to feel weird being in a room with 25-year-olds talking about pickup. Right. I always had. Yeah. There's a different, there's a whole different protocol for dating and meeting people. 55, then there is at 25. Correct. That's just the reality. So I'd like to think that we are, what did Anthony call it? It's kind of like the Woodstock of, what did he call it? The Woodstock of the Manisphere. Yeah. Yeah. Where we just have a panoramic event for all men. Yeah, you have a panoramic event of mankind. Yeah, literally you have Sage over here, Sage over here. And they rotate out and you have this pit and everyone's talking and you're going for that. You have the camp out in the evenings. And it's just this whole event. Yeah. And I think in a lot of ways it's kind of modeled that. You're going for the experience. Well, I think it was interesting when I came on board. I had no idea that once or twice a week I might fire up a pipe or a cigar. But I had no idea young people would even be remotely interested in that. Right. Even remotely. It just seems like such an old guy, then, for me. And when I saw the interest, and Anthony said to a group, and I thought, OK, well, that was last fall at your house. At back of my house. And honestly, I thought it was going to be maybe five or six guys. It ended up being about 60 guys. Yeah, it was three or four to three. Yeah, yeah, yeah, it was a range of guys. And I just thought, wow. And then now it's almost become like an expectation at patriarch. Hey, I got my pipe with me. Right, yeah, and they were coming in. They had it. They were going, we're going to do this. And it became one of those breakout moments of the events. And there are usually those things that occur. And that, without a doubt, you had brought and delivered that. Yeah, and one guy called it like our first night out on that patio or that balcony there at the Patriarch event. They called it the 2019 Pipes Summit. Yes, yes. I got a kick out of that. And it was just kind of cool seeing, like for instance, Tex, he's a piper now. Right, right. The guy never smoked a pipe in his life. Now it's as if he's been puffing out a pipe for 50 years. And people are asking him about it. And he's incorporated it into his own relaxation program. And I see his little pictures of like a bourbon and a pipe, you know what I mean? On the beach and whatever. And I'm like, wow, this is. And for me, it's, and I see it, because I look for these. And I personally do it when I go business. But I look for a physical totem. We call it a souvenir or whatever you want. But in this particular case, it is a utility item that it allows me to have a takeaway. It allows me to remember. It allows me to physically put myself physically in contact with that experience. I can go to it emotionally to it. But in this particular case, you are actually not only using it, but it's also showing a membership into a club. Because I think had we approached these guys independent and say, hey, you want to try a pipe, there had been very no interest. But the fact that they're all there together, they're doing all this as a camaraderie. And you then have interest. And they realize there's this whole community of men kind of taking an interest. There's this draw to that. And it's not necessarily the pipes, but maybe it's interesting. You're indulging in a product that's there for strictly your pleasure. Yeah, it was nice seeing men sit back and relax and not have to talk. Right. Enjoy each other's presence. Enjoy each other's presence. And there's not a lot of activities that men can do. Usually men do things together, build things together. But men can pour a glass of scotch to men. And the only thing you hear is the jingling of the glass, of the ice cubes in the glass. And just take a sip every now and then and comment on something every now and then. And at the end of an hour or two, hey, we had a good time. Right. Whereas, and this is not female bashing in any way, I find that females would have to talk for two hours and not necessarily sit quietly and just enjoy each other's company. And what I find is that we're making room for that masculine presence. Yeah. And I find that to be terribly intriguing because we're now having to be conscious about it rather than having it kind of be in the default state of what men do together. Yeah. It reminds me of when I would take my kids fishing, sitting on the tailgate. I would back up to the creek, drop the tailgate down, and sit on the back of the truck, throw a line in. And I'd have to just talk to my daughter. Just, Dad, what's that? What kind of lure is that? What are we fishing for? What's for lunch? What time are we going to get home? Are we going to go to the movies tonight? With my sons, we cast our bait out into the water and not say a thing until maybe someone got a bite. Hey, Dad, I got a bite. Literally, 20 minutes of nothing, of just quiet. Hey, Dad, I think I got a bite. OK, cool. And it was just peaceful, interesting. And I think that's one of the beautiful things about men getting together is that when we allow ourselves to be men with no expectations, just do what our biology dictates, not putting a lot of thought in it, not orchestrating anything. I think there is just a, like, honestly, that one night sitting around in a circle in your backyard there, just that kind of like round robin, kind of like chat that we were doing and people were smoking cigars and pipes and stuff like that, that was profound to me. I just felt that was another level of fellowship in your backyard that we didn't have at the prior events. And as we were all talking, there would be periods of just silence. But no one felt the need like, oh, it's too silent. I better make some noise or say something. And it really was a breakout event for that convention. But the other component to it was you don't have men jockeying for a hierarchy of position. There was this stabilization of acceptance, of welcomeness, of safety. And so men were not doing that jockeying that you've seen in other conditions or sporting events or competitions. And it was a way to, I think, take a tremendous amount of pressure off and that the pipe thing kind of signified a lot of that. And you teaching these guys or introducing these guys to the culture of piping. And so I found that to be really awesome myself. So I appreciate that as well. And what I like too is that it's crossed over to become a token and a souvenir that people take home to recall those events and kind of go back to that space and time. And you hear that repeatedly. I know when, for example, I go visit Anthony, for example, we'll go to the house and we'll discuss business and shop and everything else. And then we stop and we go and have a pipe. And so that's. How interesting. Yeah, it really is. And so it becomes that. I also know that, for a fact, something else that you brought in too with it is that it almost becomes a badge of membership. Is that it's becoming known for that? Is that you go to the 21 convention and you're either a piper or you're not or people know who have done it. And then the interesting thing too is seeing the different styles not come out, people start finding their self-expression of the pipe that they like. And I would have never expected that to occur. I never expected it. I don't know. I mean, we started that with cordon cob pipes and then that wonderful company, TobaccoPipes.com, has basically sponsored our pipe giveaways and so forth. And they really just have been very good to us. Let's thank them again. Tell us the name of the company again and how did they get involved in doing that? Because that's not a small amount of tobacco that they're sending over and supporting.  They had enough supply to go through. That was terribly generous on their part. Yeah, I think, obviously, when they came and visited the first time, which was last October, I just wrote to them and asked. And they were already followers of mine on YouTube because I have some of those. I think some of my pipe videos are the most viewed pipe videos in pipe YouTube history. Some of them have hundreds of thousands. Some of them have over a million views. Like, who would have thunk, you know? Come on. So obviously, I was on their radar. When I approached them, they were like, yeah, how many do you need? And it was no brainer for them because what they're doing is providing pipe kits for people who never smoked a pipe before and in hopes that they're going to create a lifelong customer. And many people now order their pipes and tobaccos and all that stuff from tobaccopipes.com. Yeah, that's fantastic. I'd love hearing that. And they've done wonders. And they literally helped make an event terribly special for us. I'm terribly appreciative of that. Let's transition and segue. This is probably our last section. Let's talk about the future, what's going to be taking place, how you see things kind of wrapping up and going towards the future as far as the direction. And I know that the next event will be in October in Orlando, very much a homecoming from Warsaw, Poland. I'm particularly looking forward to it. But I think there's going to be something terribly symbolic about that. I think that as much of Warsaw, the presence and context in the history of Warsaw and Poland has reflected in this convention about a resurgence and a resurrection and rebuilding and holding to core values, I think there's going to be something about a homecoming in October with regards to that. What's your take on it? How do you see things going? Well, think about it. July is almost over. We have August, September, October. Like, wow, three months from now is another convention, which is going to be huge. Possibly. I think 2020 is going to be our largest one to date. But the end of 2019 is going to be pretty big as well. And I think with the diversity of speakers and thought, I honestly believe that we're attracting a different demographic now. And pretty much, I believe that the inclusion of fathers, the inclusion of an older attendee, not just the 21 to 27-year-old pickup artist, I think the inclusion, I think we've made the parameters wider. And more and more people are going to feel like that they can attend. And I think also the transmission barrier between the point of entry is different. Yes. I think it's vastly more forced now because it's more welcoming. It's more inclusive, where I think that previously we were too ideologically bent, and there's an impression that it was going to be a harsher environment. And particularly with how some people projected a learning environment should be a harsh and rigid and stern response. And I think that a lot of that's changing for the better. And I think that that will play out as well. I know I've had a number of people who said, hey, we've kind of followed it. Wasn't sure. And one of the reasons why we're coming here was because of the events that have occurred. And they go, I decided to take a gamble and kind of take a chit as this was going to be it. And I think it'll be very different than what we've seen before. And I'm particularly very intrigued by it. Yeah, I think I got into a thing the other day with somebody. I love it when trolls talk about people aren't for the money. And I made a comment with somebody. I said, hey, how about those big checks that Anthony writes for us at the end of every event? Yeah, right. You know, like, oh, Bruno's doing it just for the money. And I said, dude, I go, do you realize there's no one who's getting paid? We're doing this out of love for mankind, care for care, like love care and concern for a generation of men who need this kind of information. Many of us make a lot of sacrifices. I took a week off from work. I'm not earning anything right now. I took a week off to be here. And like I said, when I leave on Wednesday, it's not like Anthony's going to write me a check for $5,000 and say, hey, thanks for showing up. Right, right, right. Here's your check. Here's your compensation for your time and value. I'm happy to give up myself. And every single person here is giving up themselves. And that's the beautiful thing. Yeah, like I had to square away two weeks of time from my profession. I've never been in a position to do that before. And it was a fight. I will sit down and say, having made the mistake of committing to all three conventions prior to realizing the time, I'm sacrificing more than 80% of my vacation time. And that doesn't include nights and weekends and everything else. So the fact that somebody's saying, we're doing it for the cash, or I've heard recently these shares. I understand that two partners have left the firm and now there's shares to be had. We're squabbling over that. That's crazy. I know. It's just laughable. It's total fiction. It's fiction.  And when I get back to the States, I doubled up. And I'm going to be really busy hitting the ground running because I made time to be here. So yeah. But I love it. When you love what you do, you make time and make room for it. So I think the future of this organization is going to be incredible. I do too. It's always interesting seeing people make a personal change.  You see it in how they move or the changes that take place internally within a convention. And oddly enough, we actually had somebody that was not part of this convention, but another one that was within the European area. And he made the trip out here just to swing by and say hi. And you just sit down and go, how fantastic is that? He's making an enormous life change in a completely different direction. And he goes, I was kind of lost before. And I'm doing this. And he had a desire to share that. And I'm so glad he did. And I'm looking forward to seeing how he does his new career venture and those experiences. And I know he's going to have a hell of a time. So it's going to be fantastic. And it's interesting watching the speakers evolve. Isn't that a fascinating one? I mean, Alexander, when he gave his speech called The Ascended Man. And I said to him, I go, dude, that's a book. That's going to be a book. And he goes, I think it is, too. And I mean, it's titled perfectly. It's wonderful. And he's in the middle of reinventing himself, too. Because he's the fitness guy. And all of a sudden, now he's talking about honor and virtue and manhood. And he made a pivot, too. And he's always been one of those fascinating individuals that has had a long, slight view on things. And you listen to it and it's like, God, he gets this and has a turn of a phrase that's educated, it's sharp, it's witty, and it's grounded in common sense. And you're like, man, this is the guy to listen to it. His voice is important. It is. It really is. It really is. So I like to sit down and say it's the hair, but it really isn't. He says things like, I make it easy on myself. I act like a man and women respond accordingly. He does a lot more than just that. He acts like a well-rounded, masterful man. Yes, he does. And he reaps beautiful rewards because of it. He's at a great point where he can talk to 18, 19, 20-year-old men relate to them. And then I'm twice his age. And he's right at such a sweet spot in his life right now. He's going to go nowhere but up. Yeah, I hate to say it. I'm going to give him a bad time. I think he taught my daughter how to flip hair. Her hair was getting longer. And he just kind of at one point just did it. He naturally got it out. And she mimicked it.  And so she kind of doesn't. I go, yeah, she's doing the AJ. Yeah, oh, that's hilarious. But it's also kind of interesting how well he's able to integrate from children to adults, cross-sex, everybody. I saw him talking to an old woman down in the restaurant, a local native. And you just see the care and consideration and the connection. It's real, it's vibrant, and it's fantastic to see. I don't want to blow his cover, but I probably will right now. But I guess he's been with his girl for over a year now. And he said some guys were talking about how beta it is to buy flowers for your woman. And he says, wait a minute. I buy flowers for my girlfriend once a week. I must be a beta or something. There must be something wrong with me. And obviously, he's really good with that double entendre, like that. And I said, do you think she'll be showing up in October? And he goes, I think so. So I'm kind of excited to see her supporting him. Yes, yes. And be by his side. I think that's neat. And something else I think is interesting too is the number of couples we can consistently see coming in. It's not like there's an enablation of just one person or two, that there's consistently a number of partners coming in and joining the convention and joining the attendees, seeing the events, being part of it. So I think that speaks of volume when you have a presenter being able to be overt and open and transparent. This is who I am. This is what I write about. This is what I communicate about. My wife and children and my family fully know about it. No one's coming out of a closet anymore, and that sort of CD element. And so I think that's really fascinating. But going back to the flower thing, thank God we're doing it in a nation that's so beta. I mean, did you not see the flower market? You can hardly turn a corner in some of these areas and not see flower displays. You don't have to go to a flower shop to get flowers here. It's an expression of affection and tokens. And how much more enriched are you? I know every time you see it, you just are. So yeah, I think it's fantastic. I really do. George, I think we're going to have to wrap this one up. It's a chagrin that these conversations have to come to an end. So George Bruno, where can they find you online? How they can get a better hold of you? What would be the best way? Best way is georgebruno.com. I have a newsletter. You can sign up for that. That's going to be starting up real soon. And that's going to be basically my version of what works, what doesn't, and why. My wisdom over the years, things that have worked for me, things that haven't worked as far as relationships, business, writing, on-camera skills, speaking, the things that are my sweet spots, grooming, and so forth. So it'll be kind of like a gem of a newsletter and something that, you know, it'll be something for everybody. I almost want to tell you right now, make that a book. I mean, you just put in that in the context of a loan that that is worthy of an outstanding rate. And I look forward to it. Yeah, great. Thank you very much. It's been a pleasure once again. Thank you. I'm Sarkarates. That's been this issue, guest issue of the 21 Report. Next time, you'll be seeing a more familiar face, a more competent host and interviewer. It has been a pleasure. And have a good evening. What was your experience so far with the 21 Convention? Oh, I was dead. I was dead. Professional. All across the board. Really good energy with a lot of people. And I just like it because it's a very positive direction. This, George, this has been a first class event. It's fantastic. You guys are in a really tight ship. I've been to a lot of conventions over the course of my business career. And I can tell when things are well run and when things aren't. And this is a very well run operation. I was very impressed. It's pretty incredible to see where Anthony's brought it. Especially from last year, which is my first year here, and to see the upgrades he's made. It's been incredible. I've got my notebook. And with every speaker, I've written down about two or three lines under each of the speakers of just the key prime stuff that I got. That's good. That's good. It's very surreal, man. I'm really enjoying it. I'm happy to live in such an era where such a thing like this is possible. I have never seen a group of guys like this. A group of 200 men were focused, squared away, working on their values. Just never met a bigger group of wonderful guys. It's kind of neat because I've been to a fair amount of conventions in my day. But you never see one where the guy's like, here, you can just see Ed Latimore talking to Tanner about boxing.  Everybody's kind of pinging off each other. It's nice. It has been fantastic. And it's been four days of guys all on the same page, working in the same direction. Fascinating meeting some of the people, hearing their stories. You've got people traveling from other parts of the world just to see some of the speakers. That's amazing. The thing is, impressed me, everybody here is very serious. They're taking it close to their heart. What a great convention. Thanks, George.


Today, we're going to be talking about one of the segments on minerals. This presentation coincides with the OpenGeology.org textbook that myself and other authors have created for Salt Lake Community College and other campuses throughout the world. Today, we're going to talk about how minerals form and what it boils down to is it's essentially crystals coming out of a liquid of some type or another. You're crystallizing minerals from a liquid and this is on the atomic scale, atoms bonding together and forming solids, which are your minerals, solids in an orderly crystalline structure. Today, we're going to talk about three ways this can happen, but keep in mind that there are other ways, including the rearrangement of these bonds and atoms through metamorphic processes. We're going to talk about precipitation from an aqueous solution. We're going to talk about crystallization from magma and talk about biodeposition, which is a little bit debatable in terms of how you define a mineral, but we'll talk about it anyways. In every case, what you have is a liquid, in many cases it's water, but it can also be a magma, and you have tiny atoms rearranging ions, they're ions, rearranging themselves and grouping together and bonding together to form these crystals, these mineral crystals. In the case of precipitation of mineral matter from an aqueous, an aqueous is just fancy water, it's not a water-type solution. We have ions, things like sodium and chloride, atoms of sodium and chloride charged particles floating around in the water. If you change the environmental conditions of that water, such as if you start to evaporate it or change its temperature drastically, or increase the number of charged atoms, ions floating around in that water, then you can start to form a mineral, you start to crystallize these solids. Here is a picture of one of the examples of where this happens. Right near here, the Great Salt Lake in Utah, the United States, we have halite and gypsum actively forming where water is evaporating in this interior drainage basin, and as that water evaporates away it leaves behind these ions of sodium and chloride, and they become more and more concentrated over time until finally they crystallize and form the mineral halite, and you can have a lot of other conditions where you get the same kind of crystallization. If any of you have ever conducted one of those home science experiments where you make your own candy by crystallizing the sugar out of solution or the salt out of solution onto a wand or something similar, that's the same idea. That is what we call precipitation out of aqueous solution. Here is a link to how it's made on salt from the Great Salt Lake. For those of you who are interested in learning a little bit more about the industrial applications of evaporates, you can also get crystallization of molten rock. Same idea as the solution, in this case molten rock, starts to cool off. The different ions floating around in the magma start to slow down and bond with each other and connect and form new minerals like feldspar and quartz or olivine depending on the composition of the magma. The sequence of cooling follows that of the Bones reaction series, which we talked about in the Igneous Rocks lecture. You can think of this as just like water freezing, except the magma freezes at a much different temperature than water. The third example we'll talk about is deposition from a biological process. This is actually a little bit debatable, depending on how you define a mineral, because marine organisms are pulling the calcium carbonate out of the water and forming their homes out of it. A lot of times they're forming the mineral arachnite, in some cases they're forming calcite, and later on these minerals are altered by a geologic process, which then definitely makes them minerals in terms of the official definition. And we'll talk about that when we talk about how minerals are defined. Here is a YouTube link to a great time lapse showing this deposition of calcium carbonate by a coral in an aquarium over time. It's basically these little critters grabbing these ions, these charged atoms out of the water and these molecules, and combining them to form their shells. And that is it for how minerals are formed. If you liked this video, please watch some of the other videos that I have, and I hope you enjoyed it and learned something.


As a baby he was discarded in a bamboo thicket and thus raised by pandas. I have seen Princess Kaguya is what he often tells people but no one believes him and they rough him up in return but this only fuels his desire to become a stronger super demonic hero. Hello and welcome to One Piece 101 the series that breaks down everyone and everything in the One Piece world. Today we are delving deep and I mean very deep into the series in order to examine the ever mysterious figure that is the panda man. The panda man is an easter egg character who appears incredibly frequently in the background of manga chapters and anime episodes. His generally accepted appearance is that of a very muscular man with a panda forehead and with the word panda despite prominently across his forehead just in case you know there was any confusion or if it must be noted the panda man is a being who can take on a wide array of differing physiques but so long as the character in question meets the criteria of a panda head on a humanoid male then it is considered a confirmed panda man sighting. Now generally with easter egg characters that's kind of all there is to it. A cool thing in the background for the sake of being cool. However panda man has a surprising amount of story behind him both within and outside of the One Piece world. Starting with the latter his character was actually created by Oda as part of the new Chojin contest which roughly translates into the new superhuman contest and challenged artists to create a wrestling based character to be featured in the series Kinikuman. However Oda also decided to carry the character over to his own series and in the SPS of volume seven Oda even gave him somewhat of a backstory telling readers that panda man was a being of unknown age who originated from Tibet. Now quite notably Tibet does not exist in the One Piece world meaning that panda man may very well have transcended the restrictions of the real world in order to inhabit the realm of One Piece. As a baby panda man was abandoned in a bamboo grove left to be raised by giant pandas. During this time he came into contact with Princess Kaguya a mystical moon princess from a Japanese folktale who was found inside a bamboo stalk thus connecting her origin to that of panda man. However nobody believed panda man when he told them of this encounter and instead they proceeded to beat him up and following this panda man resolved to become a strong demonic superhero. Bit of an odd turn there but despite being able to perform techniques such as giant panda deathfok the panda man we've seen in and out of the series appears to have a much more comical presence. It is rumored that at one stage panda man was quite a wealthy individual actually being considered quite the big shot and when I say rumored I mean that when posed the question of where in the world panda man lives Oda quite literally responded that he had only heard rumors.   As such tomato gang will frequently appear in the same panel as panda man for example take this one from chapter 179 here on the right we see our typical on the run panda man but if we scroll to the left and squint real hard then bam there's tomato gang in hot pursuit. So just keep that in mind the next time you go panda man hunting in the manga. He very much has his own story going on with a whole host of characters involved. Another example is the figure known as unforgivable mask who acts as panda man's greatest rival although unlike panda man his head actually appears to be clad in a mask rather than having an actual panda head. Unforgivable mask was hired by tomato gang to track down and apprehend panda man as well as retrieve the money owed. However to date unforgivable mask has been unsuccessful in this task. Also part of the panda man chronicles is a love interest creatively named panda woman although this character was actually created out of practical necessity during the amazon lily arc. As the island is inhabited by the all female kucha tribe it would have been unrealistic to have panda man appear during the arc and so he was replaced with panda woman which really puts a whole new spin on the brief stay of the heart pirates on amazon lily where beppo was often left pondering over whether the island had any female bears little did he know they actually did. I mean sort of in any case panda woman has since gone on to become a part of the panda man canon and he is said to be in love with her although it is unknown if the feeling is mutual and there you have the beginner's guide to hunting panda man and friends but if you're not keen on going through some of the old manga volumes and I do have a bit of a quick fix for you which comes in the form of the volume covers themselves the japanese releases of the volumes come with an old school dust cover however beneath these dust jackets often lies some incredible little secrets in panda form let's take volume 21 for example classic one piece right here we have baroque works lined up being all badass but then we lift the dust jacket and what's this all of a sudden sir crocodile has been replaced with a panda imposter hmm very suspicious and this still happens in modern day as well because if we look at volume 77 we have a very similar situation here the donkey hereto pirates are displayed proudly ready for action but all it takes is the removal of a teeny tiny dust jacket and yep just as expected another warlord of the sea has all of a sudden been inflicted with a case of panda although these panda references aren't always quite that obvious like in volume 74 here which is one of my personal favorite panda man sightings just pay special attention to the grapes on sugar's fingers as we lift the dust cover and unveil mother of god panda grapes how insidious now i'm not going to go through all of these because i want to leave the fun of discovering the panda man to all of you although sadly the english volume releases don't come with these jackets and as a result we miss a lot of the pandery goodness some more fun facts about the panda man panda man's debut appearance in the series occurred in chapter 44 where he can be seen in a crowd reaction shot just before guine shoots a marine on the floating restaurant of baratier in his original contest submission odor also mentions jokingly that panda man has a strength of exactly 3,333,333 units of power but only after eating bamboo and this number has even carried over into the series well i mean the movies at least one of which actually showed panda man's bounty poster which is worth exactly 3,333,333 berries during the impel down arc the panda man's name can be seen on a list of prisoners being held by bon clay who was disguised as honeyable at the time and finally a truly useless fact the panda man's legacy is so great that his name is even etched into the ponderglyph located on alabaster it is of course in japanese though but it is still quite clearly there and that pretty much does it for the panda man if you enjoyed this video and the content this channel produces in general then please do consider donating to the grand line view patreon because the support of all of you amazing people is what continues to make this channel possible also i've recently launched a teespring store if you're interested in shirts hoodies and other miscellaneous items with proceeds going directly to support the channel as well and if you'd like to join the fun then please do head over to my discord server where a wide array of shenanigan retakes place on a daily basis and finally please do comment with who what or where you'd like to see featured in the next one piece 101


One Dodge City and in the territory on West, there's just one way to handle the killers and the spoilers, and that's with a U.S. Marshal and the smell of gun smoke, and the story of a man who moved with it. I did States Marshal. The first man they look for and the last they want to meet. It's a chancey job, and it makes a man watchful, and a little lonely. More time for fun at home, family style. This is the life for Pepsi Cola. Bracing, clean, tasting Pepsi, so think young. Say, Pepsi, please. The Pepsi for those who think young. Oh, sir, sir. Well, he ain't exactly causing me no trouble.  I don't know. That Joe Sleet don't belong, Brent. Joe Sleet? Joe Sleet. Oh, I forgot. You ain't been here for a couple of days. It ain't like that you even saw him. What about Joe Sleet? Well, he's one of them hard-talking gunfighters. That's what's about him. You go with somebody like that, haven't you? You don't hurt none. Joe Sleet knows that you're just practicing. In some place else. Oh, no. Oh, that fake one. Joe Sleet. Gunspinning in my face. You want to fight me about that? Somebody to fight. All right, quiet down. Listen, Marshal. All right, Meeker, I'll handle it. Always trying to get somebody to fight him. Slick-drawing.  I do it where it suits me. I can handle trouble if it comes, Marshal. If trouble comes, then, uh, Joe, I'll see you later. Goodbye, Kitty. Aw, he's been devlin' Meeker all day. Sleet wasn't expecting it either. He didn't shoot him in the back. Sleet wasn't paying any attention, and Meeker didn't exactly warn him. He shot twice and ran off. What do you have to go after him? The gunman, Matt. He had it coming. The appreciation of the importance of clarity and brevity as well. That all of these standards are kept in mind by our highly skilled, highly experienced newsmen is demonstrated over and over again in the frequent news broadcasts you hear on CBS Radio. The busier your own day, the more you'll appreciate the efforts of our CBS News staff. These men offer you a direct link with history day by day. But more than that, they do their job with full regard for your busy schedule.  For accuracy, brevity, and clarity in news reports, convenient times, keep tuned to CBS Radio every day. He's gonna be all right, Doc. He didn't give me nothing. He mustn't move. Seems like one bullet just grazed your temple. It's my arm, my arm that hurts, Doc. What about my arm, Doc? Well, I took that bullet out, Sleet. That's all I can do. No. You'll be all right, won't it, Doc? No, you'll be all right, I'm pretty sure of that. Well, there won't be nothing wrong with my arm, neither, will it, Doc? It's too early to tell. It's my right arm. I wouldn't be no good without I could use my right arm. Well, we'll have to see how it heals. Well, you fix it, Doc. You can fix it. You wouldn't do nothing to keep it from healing up good, would ya? I mean, because it's my gun, huh? No. I'm a doctor, Sleet, not a judge. No matter how much I might want to be. After the change overnight. It's been more than a month, Doc, and I still ain't got the use of my fingers. I've told ya, Sleet. Sometimes it happens that way. Well, it ain't no good without the use of my fingers. Doc, it's my gun hand. You were lucky not to lose the whole arm. I've told you that from the start. If it's money, find me some money so you can fix it. There are some things that money can't buy, and one of them's a good right hand. You mean it ain't never gonna get well? I can only tell you what I've told you all along. It just doesn't look good. Muscle and bone, it's, it's the nerve. Nerves don't often come back. It's gotta come. Often I tell him I can't do anything for him. He's still there, showing me his arm, trying to work his fingers. Well, with anyone else, you'd be sorry for him. I wish he could find something to do, for my sake. Hard to get in or out of the long branch these days, either, Doc. That'll make you feel any better.  Oh, I don't know either, but owning a business, Doc. Borrowing to be a general handyman. You mean that Romeo fella? Yeah, that's the one. He knows what happened to him. He just hasn't shown up for two days. You'd think nobody else could do anything around there, except me, of course. No, why don't you get somebody else? Nobody's down and out enough to want the job, I guess. It isn't much. Oh, no, wait a minute. Could a man with one hand do it? One hand tie behind his back, you mean? Yeah, just about that. If he had some simple job to do, he'd snap out of it. And quit bothering you. That's right. Well, now Miss Kitty wouldn't want no fellow like him around. Oh, I don't know, Chester. I've had worse. You think it'd work, Matt? Well, there's one thing sure. Sleeve isn't able to hurt any. You can talk him into a doc, I'll chance it. I could sure use some help. Now, it just don't seem right, Miss Kitty. I wouldn't do that if I was you. Well, will you take the job for me, Chester? No, ma'am. It ain't something I'd rightly feel like doing. Nobody feels like it. Go ahead, doc. Doc to Sleeve. These are communities. Such a slogan can be a rallying point of defense against democracy's would-be enemies. The trouble with some delinquents may be that nobody has trouble to show them how they can have roles in America's future. A logical starting point lies no farther away than the nearest Boy Scouts of America before he changed into a changed man. You might say nobody can see that. He's not so Miss Kitty. We are, Chester. You're right.  Without it, he seems to have lost part of his whole makeup. Does he ever talk about it? He never talks about anything. Not even the doc. Doc says Sleeve won't even speak when he's passing him on the street. Well, I guess doc can do without all the talk he used to get from him. Yeah, I guess he can. It's a funny thing he ain't just done. Now talk can change. Sleeve always used to like to be around where the crowd was. Now nobody don't never see him. That's right. He leaves here as soon as his chores are done. Nobody knows where he stayed. Must be out of town somewhere. I see him walking out there most every night. You suppose all men had calmed down like that if there were no guns? Sure has saved me a lot of trouble. Yeah, saved women a lot of worry. Now, don't hold your breath, kiddie. I think we'll be hanging onto our guns for a while. And women will go right on? Didn't fix it? Well, yes, sir, I think it did. Mars is going to keep an eye on him. Ah, that's good. He's worth taking care of. Oh, yes, sir, he is. Stay, you know who I seen down there at the table? You know the one that shot Joe Sleeve? He just rode in town. Did he say where he was heading? No, sir, he didn't. I don't think it'd be hard to find him, though. How's that? Well, he said he'd been on the trail all day and he was packing around awful thirst. All right, work ever done, too. Fix it so you couldn't shoot no more. You couldn't talk neither. I'd done better than I thought. A reliable, effective Kellogg's All-Brand. Re-pleasant eating, too. Kellogg's All-Effectiveness You Want From Brand And, kiddie, together with all the other hard-living citizens of Dodge will be missed in the 1870s. It's Gunsmoke.


Democrats are the party of slavery is a sentence that's both factually accurate and completely misleading. It's accurate because, yes, Democrats supported slavery in the 19th century and, yes, Lincoln was the first Republican president. But it's misleading because our two major political parties have changed drastically in the last 150 years. Because here's another completely factual statement. A Democratic president signed the Civil Rights Act 100 years later. A Democrat signing the Civil Rights Act was a huge moment in shaping our modern political parties. Because it shifted how the two sides would approach issues of race and equality to this very day. And my part of the country played a huge role in that realignment. See, white Southern Democrats weren't in love with the more progressive members of the party handing out all this equality to black folks. So they started to leave the party. And when they did, Republicans were waiting. But you might still be wondering why all this happened. Why did the Democrats suddenly care about black voters? Why did the Republicans, who had previously been the party of civil rights, decide to embrace all these racist campaign tactics? To explain that, I'll have to give you some history. First, I'll say something obvious. Things were different in the 1800s. Cars weren't invented yet, people hunted with muskets, and Larry King was still on his first marriage. The University of Tennessee wasn't even losing embarrassingly at football yet. So, like I said, things were very different. And that includes our political parties. Democrats were associated with the, you know, essentially the party of white supremacy in the South, where Republicans were the party of business, a small town in America, and the North. So yes, the dominant political party in the South in the 1800s was the Democrats. And the Republicans were formed to oppose slavery. So what's changed since the 1860s? Other than we fought a civil war, ended slavery, and invented spaceships, and hubba-bubba. Well, it's not like there's one single moment where the Democrats hiked the racism football to the Republicans, but there are a series of key turning points. Like in 1948, when Democratic President Harry Truman signed an executive order outlawing segregation in the military, this did not sit well with Southern Democrats. Especially a governor turned senator turned ghoulish skeleton from South Carolina named Strom Thurman. Ol' Strom was the epitome of a Southern Democrat, which meant he was a committed segregationist. Strom was so upset about Truman's armed forces integration efforts, he left the Democratic Party and launched a presidential campaign to defeat Truman on a states' rights platform. He called the new party the Dixie Crats. There's that Southern connection right in the name. He lost, of course, as Southerners who secede while claiming their states' rights were under attack often do. Despite the Strom and drain, Democrats with national political ambitions would continue to advocate for civil rights. Whether this was the result of purely cynical political maneuvering or genuine sympathy for the cause is up for debate. He's a strong opponent of civil rights. He blocked about every civil rights measure. But in the mid-1950s, he realizes that he's going to have to change his stance on civil rights. It was going to go anywhere. He helps move the 1957 civil rights act through Congress. He helps get it passed. He had come around to support civil rights, but really for cynical reasons. The Civil Rights Act and integration caused a huge backlash in the South among socially conservative voters. In response to this exodus of white Southern Democrats, Republican politicians developed what's now known as the Southern Strategy. I'll let an expert explain. The key person here is Barry Goldwater, who's a senator from Arizona. In 1961, Barry Goldwater goes down to Atlanta to speak to a gathering of Southern governors. And he says, we're not going to win the black vote in 1964 and 1968, so we ought to stop chasing it. Instead, we need to go after white Southern conservatives, and that's a vote we can win. So the idea here is to just go all in on the Southern white vote. In 1981, Republican political consultant Lee Atwater was caught on tape laying out how Republicans would appeal to white Southern Democrats prejudices without saying anything too explicitly racist. Just listen how casually this strategy rolls off his tongue. You start out in 1954 by saying, ****, ****, ****. By 1968, you keep saying that **** that hurts your back, so you say stuff like forced bussing, states lights and all that stuff. That bike right ahead, blacks get hurt worse than whites. LBJ was aware of what Republicans were doing, by the way. There's a quote from him that frames this hustle perfectly. If you can convince the lowest white man that he's better than the best colored man, he won't notice you picking his pocket. Hell, give him somebody to look down on, and he'll empty his pockets for you. It seems like it would make the most sense to align with people that are in your same socio-economic group. But, you know, why do that when there's an easily identifiable way to make yourself seem better than someone?   Yep, yep. So yes, Southern Democrats were enthusiastically forced slavery in the 1850s. Almost as enthusiastically as Republicans turned against integration in the 1960s and 70s. Yeah, parties are like people. They change. When I was 18, I thought corn was the new Led Zeppelin. That barely tells you anything about me in 2020. It definitely doesn't tell you anything about what my grandchildren think about corn. The lesson should be to continually question who's on the right side of history now so we can figure it out and join them.