We'll move to Member's Statement and I'll recognize the member for Tornhill. Thank you Madam Speaker. Today marks Yom Hachoa, the solemn commemoration of the brutal murder and discrimination endured by the Jewish people during the Holocaust. Madam Speaker, almost every Jewish person out there has a story of a family member who endured the Holocaust, including myself. There's a park that borders my riding dedicated to a well-known Holocaust survivor, Felix Opatowski, and at 15, Felix risked his life and smuggled goods out of Nazi ghettos in exchange for food for his family. And after being deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp in 1943, he joined the Polish Underground as a runner and later helped plan an attempt to demolish the camp's crematorium. Not long ago, I attended the premiere for the legacy portrait project documentary, where Holocaust survivors spoke of their experiences with their grandchildren, and these conversations filmed in the documentary capture a moment in time, a glimpse into the individual triumph of each survivor, having prevailed over adversity by building families, finding love and joy after the Holocaust. Speaker, one in three students in Canada believed the Holocaust was sabricated or exaggerated, and 42% of students have explicitly seen an anti-Semitic incident in their school. I'm looking forward to September of this year, when the new Holocaust curriculum will be officially launched in schools and over this province. Learning and listening to these stories of the Holocaust is crucial, because those who fail, thank you, thank you for the 92nd member statement. The member from Jaguar, thank you. Thank you, Speaker. Over 100 developmental service workers at Community Living, Port Coburn, Wayne Fleet, members of QP Local 2276, have been on strike since March 31st. These are some of the workers we so proudly called heroes during the pandemic, who do the often invisible work of helping people with disabilities live full rich lives. The main issue is a staffing crisis that has led to members being stuck on shift, sometimes for up to 36 hours. They just want to get back to the bargaining cable to secure a fair deal. But this employer is indicated there in no rush to do so. Untrained IT and admin workers are caring for residents, including administering medication and managing complex needs. They've hired agency workers, and these unqualified scabs are being paid substantially more than the workers will. Chris Judge, one of the QP members I met on the picket line last week, says he's been stuck on shift so frequently he misses his children, and hearing his kids upset or crying on the other end of the phone when he can't come home is absolutely heartbreaking. Judge and his co-workers aren't fighting for a raise, though they deserve one. They're fighting so their employer will respect them as complete people with families and lives. Their message, we don't do this to get rich, we do it because it's meaningful. But our employer uses that against us. They push us to our limits, they take advantage. People are made to feel guilty for wanting to go home at the end of a shift. When all we want to do is do our jobs to the best of our ability and have a life outside of work. Speaker, I urge community living poor Coburn Wainfleet, its board in management, to get back to the bargaining cable. Thank you. We're still on 90 seconds member's statement. Next member, they are members for Sarnia Lampton. It's an honor to rise today to share with the legislature important news to my riding Sarnia Lampton. I'm pleasantly pleased to inform the members of this legislature about a recent announcement will provide a much needed new funding to the Ontario government for the province's homeless prevention program and indigenous supportive housing program. The county of Lampton will see an increase of over $2 million bringing total homelessness prevention program funding for this municipality to more than $5.6 million. That represents an increase of over 57% over the previous year's funding. I had the opportunity to speak with Valerie Colesanti, the general manager of Lampton County's social services, about the importance of this critical new funding. Ms. Colesanti said the increased provincial investment would help Lampton County provide more support to keep people in their homes and also allow the county to do more long-term planning. The additional funding would be spent on initiatives such as helping those who live in shelters move into permanent homes. It could also help pay for mental health and harm reduction support to keep precariously housed individuals in their homes. And it could also provide rent supplements to make rent more affordable. All of us in Sarnia Lampton are grateful for this important investment in our community. Thank you Mr. Speaker. Thank you very much. Your statements, the member for Kiwet. Good morning. This morning I would like to share parts of an open letter from Norman Chouabek from Webcaf first nation. On April 7th, 2023, the home that my family has been occupying since 1999 burned to the ground. And housed eight of us in total and yes we had working smoke alarms. Luckily we were all able to self-rescue without injury before the fire spread. The house was engulfed in flames within 20 minutes. All we had was a measly fire extinguisher, we lost everything. Last fall another fire left families homeless because there are no fire services to call. And web equate there is no fire service.  While we live in poverty the lands are being valued and the trillions and mining is being aggressively pushed to promote Canada and Ontario's future prosperity. It is preposterous that legislation like the Ontario Mining Act is fully applicable on our lands but not the Ontario Fire Protection Act or Ontario Fire Code. And that the governments have not already found a way to work with First Nations in Ontario. There is so much to Normans letter but I do not have enough time to share all this morning but it's an important letter. Be good for listening. I recognize the member for Sault Ste. Marie. Thank you Mr. Speaker. My favourite time of the year is the spring. I love the changing of the weather, I love seeing the sun come out, all the snow melting and obviously in Sault Ste. Marie we do get our fair share of snow. We had such a wonderful time of year, such an exciting time of year and this past week our constituency week was just an absolutely glorious spring week in so many communities across the province and Sault Ste. Marie was just outstanding. We had the snow melting, kids were all outside playing, I couldn't get my boys to come back inside by the middle of the day, Sunday as the weather actually started to turn, patios were open for business again, things were outstanding and this past week was a really great week in Sault Ste. Marie with our brand new Northern Community Centre which is a new twin pad hockey arena which had just been opened up about a month ago and already we've had a few tournaments hosted in this new hockey arena that I'm really proud our government was able to help with the construction of and it was a really special tournament we actually hosted this past week Mr. Speaker where our Sioux Junior Greyhounds under 15 AAA Northern Ontario Hockey League champs actually hosted the Ontario Hockey Federation U15 AAA Ontario championships. We had teams from across all of Ontario that travel to the Sioux for this five-day round robin tournament. We welcomed the York Simcoe Express, the Sudbury Nickel Capitals, the Thunder Bay Kings, the Vaughan Kings, the Eldon Middlesex Canucks and the Upper Canada Cyclones. Unfortunately we fell short in the finals Mr. Speaker but I'm really proud of the work our team put in and I want to congratulate them on their success. Thank you very much. Member statements, the member for Ottawa West, Nipia. Thank you Speaker. 12 days ago an ice storm knocked out power in parts of Ottawa once again including large parts of Ottawa West Nipian. For the second time in less than a year the power was out for multiple days with some residents waiting up to four days to have power restored and once again Speaker residents and apartments and condo buildings were trapped in their own homes for multiple days with no access to food, water or medical care. Lynn Ashdown who uses a wheelchair and has now been trapped three times in her home for multiple days was so struck by the trauma of the situation that she threw up as soon as the power went out. Residents of apartment buildings like the Minto owned building at 1343 Meadowlands were once again reaching out to my office to plead for help as they were trapped without water and elevators. These residents cannot fathom why the government would not support legislation that could easily prevent situations like this from happening. It is absolutely shameful that the government is siding with big real estate investment trusts against people with disabilities, seniors, parents of small children and others with mobility issues who are experiencing extreme hardship and trauma every time the power goes out. We need legislation to protect the safety and human rights of every Ontarian in an emergency.  Thank you member statements. The member for Brampton North. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. I rise this morning to stand up for every resident of Brampton North or Ontario that drives a car, heats their home or shops at a grocery store. It's on their behalf that I join my caucus colleagues in calling on the federal government and their carbon tax. Speaker, for many families in my community, and this may come as a shock to downtown Toronto progressives, access to a car is a necessity, not a luxury. For families in my community and across Ontario, heating their home with natural gas is a necessity, not a luxury. Grocery shopping to feed their family is a necessity, not a luxury. Now, maybe some progressives will argue that those families could stockpile blankets to stay warm in the winter or just shiver a lot. It would appear those same progressive suggests that those families simply fork out more money for their groceries. They'll call it doing our part or they'll call it civic duty. I'll tell you what, Mr. Speaker. I'll do my part by voting in favour of measures that cut taxes on gas, food and other necessities. And it's a civic duty for every member of this house to stand up for Ontario families and demand the federal government scrap this ridiculous carbon tax. Thank you, Speaker. The member for Orléans. Thank you very much, Mr. Speaker. Mr. Speaker, Ontarians were recently blessed with a glimpse of what summer has in store. And while it didn't last as long as any of us would have liked, it's a very good reminder of what warmer days are just around the corner. Warm weather brings about a great deal of activity in our communities. Neighbours are gardening and spring cleaning. Cities are sweeping away the remnants of winter. And the coming of spring and summer also means more people moving about their communities. In Orléans last week the roads and sidewalks were full of joggers and cyclists dusting off the cobwebs of winter and getting some much needed exercise and vitamin D. Soon the parks will be open to welcome our children and more and more students will be walking or biking to school. With all of this activity it's important that we as motorists pay closer attention to our surroundings. That we remind ourselves to slow down through the neighborhood. Become mindful of the ball bouncing down the driveway into the road. As much as we might try to teach them, children won't always be on their highest guard and know all of their surroundings. And it's incumbent upon us to be extra vigilant around them. Everyone should be encouraged to enjoy the outdoors and the wonderful opportunity spring and summer provides. Let's make sure everyone can stay safe while they do it. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Thank you very much. Member statements, the member for Flamborough-Glanburg. A few weeks ago I was privileged to join members of Hamilton's police services on a ride-along. Unfortunately, many people in Hamilton are suffering from addictions issues so I wasn't surprised that all but one of the calls we responded to that night involved a person under the influence of either drugs or alcohol. What did surprise me was the level of compassion displayed by police when they interact with these people. Here are a few examples. Police prevented a man who was dressed completely in dark clothing walking straight down the middle of a dimly lit street from being hit by a car. Police convinced him to go to a shelter and actually drove him there. He could have been killed that night and an unsuspecting driver's life forever changed. I watched as police, along with paramedics, deescalated a family crisis involving a mother and troubled youth. The youth was eventually calmed and taken to hospital for treatment and I witnessed wellness checks of our homeless population. Police handing out canned goods to people who knew them by name. But I also saw the dangerous side of policing. At the beginning of the shift, I had taken a selfie with a young rookie cop I knew, Marco Araf. By the end of that shift, he was off to hospital with serious facial injuries that he received during an altercation on the job. I want to thank Constable Araf, Sergeant Scott Hamilton, and all of the women and men who work for Hamilton Police Services. Speaker, now more than ever, we need our police. And now more than ever, they need our support. Thank you. Thank you very much. Member statements? The member for Scarborough Rouge Park. Mr. Speaker, I'm honored to raise today to celebrate a strong community leader and a constituent in my riding of Scarborough Rouge Park, Rosemary Enverga. Rosemary is a caring community leader, a force of nature who has inspired and touched the lives of many. Rosemary is a wife of the former Senator Tobias Enverga Jr. The Enverga family have been known for their leadership in the community and promoting Filipino art and culture while supporting the most vulnerable. In 2008, Rosemary co-founded Philippine Canadian Charitable Foundation with her late husband to support community initiatives, including Pinoy Fiesta and Trade Show Trono. As temporalities leader, Rosemary's dedication extends to Philippines where PCCF and the Archdiocesan Filipino Catholic mission has provided over $600,000 in medical supplies to hospitals and help construct houses for those in need. These initiatives are rooted in their strong belief in family, community, and faith. Rosemary is also a recipient of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal by the Governor General of Canada for her service in Canada and for the Filipino community. I want to congratulate Rosemary for her for continuing the legacy of her late husband and their lifelong commitment to charity. I'm truly proud to have Rosemary and her family in the Ontario Legislature today. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Thank you very much. That concludes our member statements for this morning.


Horting and how do you recognize it in your friends, family and loved ones? My encouragement with that is if your family starts pulling away and they start hiding away their lives or when you reach out to schedule appointments or dinners or something like that, they always want to make sure that you're not coming to their home. Try to do a little bit of a health and welfare. Obviously, you don't want to pry into people's lives that are private. But when it comes to family and friends, let them know that there is a safe space. Obviously, these situations can be mental health related. And then some of it could just be crisis in people's lives. Some of them deal with PTSD and other symptoms like that. But look for things that just stand out and out of the norm in their lives. Have they locked themselves away? And then obviously, if you come up to somebody's house and there's a smell that mitts from outside their home, those are good signs that there is potentially hoarding going on. But those are things that I would encourage you to check in on your loved ones to make sure that you get to that position where it's something that they can't recover from for my health concerns.


Hello and welcome to the session. Today I will help you with the following question. The question says verify Euler's formula for this solid. First let's discuss what Euler's formula is. Euler's formula is F plus V minus E is equal to 2 where F is the number of faces of the polyhedron. V is the number of vertices of the polyhedron. E is the number of edges of the polyhedron. This is taken as the key idea for this question. Let's move on to the solution. Consider the figure given to us. Now let's see what the number of faces that is F for this figure is. Now this is one face 4, 5, 6, 7 is the base, 8 is this and 9 so total number of faces is 9. Now let's find out the number of vertices that is V is equal to this is 1 vertex 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. So in all number of vertices that is V is equal to 9. Next we are supposed to find the number of edges of this figure that is E and this is equal to this is one edge 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16. So E becomes equal to 16. By Euler's formula we have F plus V minus E is equal to 2. We will consider the LHS that is F plus V minus E. Now we substitute the values for F, V and E. This becomes equal to F is 9 plus V is 9 minus E is 16 which is further equal to 9 plus 9 is 18 minus 16 and that is equal to 2 which is equal to RHS of the Euler's formula. Thus we have LHS is equal to the RHS so we say that Euler's formula is verified. So hope you enjoyed the session. Have a good day.


Good morning and welcome to this week's edition of Encompass Live. I am your host, Krista Burns here at the Nebraska Library Commission. Encompass Live is Library Commission's weekly online event or webinar, as some people call it, where we cover any commission activities or anything that may be of interest to Nebraska librarians. We have guest speakers that come in sometimes and we have our own staff as we have this morning do presentations and we do a mixture of anything we can come up with, interviews, regular presentations. Many training sessions, anything that piques our interest or we think might yours. We do these sessions every Wednesday morning at 10 a.m. central time and they are recorded so you can watch any of our previous sessions that have been done. We're going on two years now worth of Encompass Live, so there's a lot of things out there. We've got a lot of one-hour sessions to go to watch if you want to. And this morning we have as I said some of our staff here Laura Johnson and Mary DeRion are going to talk about the scholarship and internship grants that we are doing or something about that. Sure, you bet. So I'm going to hand over to you guys. Do you want the mouse over there? Maybe you can use it if not the keyboard. Hi, this is Mary Jo. We were going to talk today about a program that we're very excited about, which is these scholarship grants that we're going to be able to give people next year. First, we thought we might start with talking a little bit about why we want to do this. Sometimes you have to hit the space bar. I don't know why, and that didn't work. The actual title of this program is Cultivating Rural Librarians Technology Skills, the IMLS Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program Grant. We may have to find something cuter for that. It seems an acronym. It does. Well, because we call the website Now Hiring at Your Library, I usually just call the project Now Hiring, but it's important to credit and to thank the Institute of Museum and Library Services because it's the Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program. It is. One of the reasons we wanted to do this was that previous scholarships that we've had have been very popular, and we've been able to help a number of people in the Nebraska Library community with their further education. Another factor was that the LIS program at the Nebraska Community Colleges has been consolidated at Central Community College. It is an online program, so anyone in the state can take advantage of it easily, but we really wanted to support that program. We think that's a really important program for Nebraska libraries. And then the third thing was the 21st Century Skills, which is, well, it's a publication. It's a research project that was done by IMLS, but we're hearing about 21st Century Skills everywhere, and we'll talk about those a little later. But all those things came together and we thought, you know, we really need to see if we can't help some people with some scholarship money. So we, and the deadline for us, our proposal to IMLS, was due December 2009. So for one thing, this tells you what a long timeline this has. It takes a long time to get these together. But we put it together, we put it, we sent our proposal off, and we requested $721,032.94. Exactly. Which, okay. That's exactly what it'll cost to do this over the three-year period. Maybe that sounds a little obsessive-compulsive, that we wouldn't have even rounded it off, but we have to put in a very detailed budget, and this is what we asked. So then in November of 2010, yeah, we got it! We got the money! We were dancing in the aisles! It was pretty exciting around here. It was very exciting, but look, that was 11 months between when we turned it in and when we got the money. So, you know, it takes a while. Okay, what is this money going to cover? Well, it's going to cover scholarships, specifically, which is payments to schools to cover people's tuition fees, and what are we calling it? We're calling it class-related materials. Like books and... Yeah, well, we can no longer be old-fashioned and just say books. So, it will cover a certificate. There is a professional certificate offered by the community college, and we will cover that. We will cover an associate's degree, and this is not only the library science courses, but the other courses that contribute to the degree. A bachelor's degree in library science, a master's degree in library science, or the master's degree in educational media, or essentially, librarianship for the teaching profession. So, those are the scholarships. Then this program also includes stipends, and we'll talk about those in a minute. And we have internships. We've had some internships in the past. They've been enormously popular. We think they're such a great idea. They're a real win-win for the libraries and the interns. And then there's a few special programs here because we really wanted to emphasize the 21st century skills. So, first, the scholarships. And how do they work? Well, Mayor Joe, you want to talk about Jane Smith? Sure. I think that sometimes it's easier to figure out something like a scholarship program if we just have an illustration of a person. So, how about Jane? She's the new director of her community library. And she got a scholarship from the Nebraska Library Commission to work on her certificate at the Central Community College. And that certificate is library and information services program, or they call it the LIS Certificate. Now, she might be studying in any community in Nebraska, because the classes are online. And she's working through Central Community College, but she might even have to be taking some classes at another community college that will contribute towards this. So, I mean, it's a great opportunity. It's very flexible. And we will provide her with a scholarship for the costs of all the courses that she's taking for her certificate. So, once she gets the certificate, she may decide, well, that wasn't all that hard. And it was pretty much fun, actually. I enjoyed it. So, she might want to go on and get a bachelor's degree, which we would very much encourage. We would be willing to provide her another scholarship for her to continue on. And since she already had a couple of years of college, and now she has this certificate, she might apply to Shadrin State College to study for her bachelor's degree. And we would give her another scholarship for the courses that she needs to take to complete her bachelor's degree. You can kind of see what we're trying to do here is we're trying to meet people wherever they are on the career ladder and help them with more educational resources and services to move up the career ladder, move up the educational ladder. So, wherever you are or wherever someone you know is, that's very important. It might not be you that would be applying for the scholarships, but you may know someone who you think would make a fantastic library worker. We want to help that person further that kind of career goal. That's our goal. So, what do you think about this one? Here's another scholarship recipient example. Susan had a bachelor's degree already, but because of the size of her community, she needed an MLS to be the librarian if they wanted to have an accredited librarian. In some communities, depending on how big the population is, you have to have the masters in library science. I think it's over 5,000. So, Susan decided that she would apply. She was interested in this and she applied to the University of Missouri's program, which, again, is an online program. So, you can take it comfortably, as we like to say, in your pajamas. I think they do have some courses at OHA, too, that, yes, you go in for a weekend intensive in OMA. I don't know. You can probably wear your pajamas to those courses. I don't think they do. Susan got a scholarship and if she moves on and uses her scholarship money up, she can apply for a second scholarship as well, because we really want to support her, so that was for an MLS. And that's kind of how they work. Generally, the idea is to, as Mary Joe said, meet you where you are and try to help you move along. Each student can apply for up to two scholarships at a particular degree level, which means that if you moved through the associate's degree, the bachelor's degree, and then an MLS, you could apply for quite a few scholarships. The amounts vary because, well, tuition varies, really, is the deal. Because the period of our grant is three years, we need to have the funds expended in three years. We will have more details up very soon on our website at www.nlc.state.ne.us slash now hiring slash scholarships.asp. And there's a screenshot. You can see right where we're going to put those scholarship details. It's going to be right in the up front and center in the scholarship section of the now hiring website. So be very easy to find for you. It's the same place the scholarship details were for the previous scholarships. For those of you who either helped someone get a scholarship before or got a scholarship yourself or you have someone who got one. One of the things I wanted to mention is that both of our scenarios involved female scholarship recipients, but I want to be sure and point out that we have had many male scholarship recipients and we want to have more. So please do when you're thinking about people that you might want to encourage to apply for these scholarships. Think about men and women. Think about people who are working in libraries and people who are not necessarily working in libraries. We're looking for both, for all those kinds of people. Yes. Age is also not a factor. We would like young people who are starting out in the profession and we would like to help people who are perhaps a little further along and moving on. I want to stay in this profession. Here's the dates at this point. In year one the application deadline will be March 1st and then we'll notify people April 1st. So this award probably is going to take care of tuition and fees for summer or fall semesters. Right. If you're not planning to start school until next fall, you have to start now. You want to start now applying for these scholarships. And same thing if you're going to be going to summer school, start now. Yeah. So this little chart will be on the website. We don't need to... Yeah, you don't have to memorize it. No, not at all. And just to remind you, as always, the Encompass Live slides will be available along with the recorded session. So you can get access to these slides at the same spot you go to to read to watch the recorded session and Encompass Live. And our years are our grant years, not quite calendar years, but notice that basically we have three times a year when you can apply for a scholarship. It's not that the application will open and there will be a deadline three times a year. And now, you know, before we move on to stipends, okay, because this is another topic, completely different topic. Yes. Let me just ask if there are any questions that anybody has about scholarships specifically, now would be a great time to either type in the chat box your question. The chat box is on the right side, lower right side of your screen, correct? As they just type right in there and you can type your question in or if you'd prefer to speak through a microphone and just talk to us, we can have a dialogue. All you have to do is type a note to Krista that says, please turn on my microphone because she's our engineer. She's got everybody turned off by us. So we're going to give you a minute. We have a question. Hi, Jan. Hi, Jan. Can you apply for each session more than one scholarship? No. If I'm understanding your question, the way it works is if you're going to go to school in the summer or you've been accepted for the fall, you're applying for a scholarship for that semester and you will use as much of your scholarship money during that semester as it works for you to use basically with the number of classes you're taking and your expenses, then whatever's left over can be applied to the next semester. You don't need to reapply. You've got money left over that hasn't been sent to the school. It's ready for you for your next semester. Does that make sense? Did I describe that right? Yes. That's kind of how it works. You get approved, then the school tells us what your costs are and we pay the school. That's kind of how it works. Yes. To be eligible to get the scholarship, you have to have been accepted at the school, so you have to be enrolled in a program and we need to know that you are planning, you have a goal in mind and you are planning to work toward an educational goal and that you plan to work in a Nebraska library. You plan to seek work or continue working in a Nebraska library when you're finished and that you're a Nebraska citizen. You're actually living in Nebraska. Yes, these are scholarships for Nebraskans, which is kind of important to remember. Do we have any other questions? Yes, Diana Parmley. Hi Diana. Hi Diana, how you doing? For those who are applying the LAS certificate or the AA program, how much in funds will be available? I guess it means like what is there a max? It does vary, but there is a max for the what we're calling pre-professional scholarships. These are scholarships that are not master's level scholarship, so it would be certificate, associate, and bachelor's level. The maximum is $3,500 for any one scholarship, but again that might go over more than one quarter or semester depending on how many classes you're taking. I mean if you're just taking the max and barreling through, you could go through this scholarship money pretty fast. If you're only taking a couple of classes because you're working, it's going to take a little bit longer. We want to encourage people to go as fast as they can reasonably go, so we're giving them the option of spending the money as fast as they can. And I assume Jeff must know about an application form. I assume they'll be on the website. We'll be on the website. Yeah, we're working on those and they will be up there. We are actually getting our policies approved through our governing board and getting our applications up on the web as soon as the policies are all approved. And that really is our governing board. We'll meet very early in January and once they approve this stuff, then we can make it public, but until they do, we can't really. Yeah, we're looking at first part of January for this to be up there. And if you are not accepted and enrolled in a program, now is the time to work on that because you do want to have that in place when you do your application. So you can say, I've done all my advanced work to get enrolled in this program. Nicole Lawless from Madison. Hi, Nicole. If you're already enrolled, can we apply in March for the current semester or only one after? I guess it depends on when you need to pay your. This is not retroactive. Yeah, your tuition would have had to been paid for the current semester. So it would be the next quarter, whatever program after April. Yeah, yeah. Probably be too late for what you're already. Yeah. Hope that works for you, Nicole. Jan's here at Madison. Does it matter which school you apply at? It does not, but they have to be accredited. As long as it's an accredited school and the schools in Nebraska are Central Community College with their LIS program, Shadron State has a bachelor's program. UNK and UNO have a master's program for teachers and UNO has the program in conjunction with the University of Missouri. It's actually a degree from the University of Missouri for the MLS program. I think I've got those right. And does UNK have a bachelor's program as well or do they just have a master's program? I wish Sherry Crow was on this call with us. She could answer that question. But she would be the person to contact if you're interested in whether or not they have a bachelor's program at UNK and we will find out the answer to that question and get it right. For sure. Because so many of these programs are online programs, we have had people from past scholarships who took courses from, oh, let me see, we had University of Alabama. Texas. We had Texas. We had University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee. So that is possible as long as the people are residents of Nebraska and planning to work in Nebraska. And planning to work in Nebraska. Diana from Central Community College says that UNO also has a bachelor's program and UNK only has the master's program. Okay, UNO has the bachelor's program. Thanks Diana. Yeah. And Nicole also wants to know, are there, what are the amounts for master's level grants? Or is it the same? No, it's actually less for master's level because the professional scholarships with the maximum is $2,500. At the moment. Okay. Now we can move on to something completely different. Okay. Can you guys be asking your questions as we go through this no problem? I will just ask how they can be fun. Absolutely. And if you think of something that has to do with scholarships and we're talking about something else, don't worry. Go ahead and ask the question about scholarships. We can, we can be flexible. Sure. Okay. Actually, the next door. Hi, Dave. I think he just wants to know any doctoral program restrictions or anything about it. There are doctoral programs we're not offering scholarships for them. Not, not this round. No. Okay. Can't be, can't hear doctor this way. No, it wasn't a part of the prior, the IMLS funding grant application. So we didn't have to buy one. Okay. So we were now, any more questions? No. Okay. Let's move on to stipends. Dave just says thank you. I tried. Yeah. We thought stipends were important because education is terribly important, but tuition and fees aren't the whole story. And there are other things that can really enhance the experience and help people learn a great deal about their profession. So we put this in stipends. Essentially, stipends are bits of, bits of money that we would reimburse expenses for certain things. And we think they will enhance student success. We think they'll enhance professional development and that they will help with networking, which is so critical in the 21st century. It always was critical, really. But we really have to emphasize this now. So we, you can get a stipend for a laptop computer. So many classes are online now that really this is class related materials. And we felt that if people did not have a good machine, it really would hold the mech. So we want to give you a stipend for a laptop computer. We thought attendance at a regional or national conference was really a great thing. So we will give you a stipend for that. And we would give you a stipend to pay for membership in a professional organization so that you can start developing peer relationships. So you can see, yeah, there's a lot of stuff going on. This is great. This, I just, we put a few of the conferences in that people might want to consider. The Public Library Association Conference held in even numbered years on the next one, 2012, Philadelphia. The ARSL, the Association for Rural and Small Libraries. The last conference was in Denver, we're working hard right now to see if we can get it for Council Bluffs. Wouldn't that be great? Yeah, that would be great. And then of course, the American Library Association Conference will be in New Orleans in 2011. So you are not confined just to these conferences, but these are some that people might want to think about. These, if you haven't been to one of these, they are amazing experiences. So we thought, this is something that would really help people and people could get a lot out of it. We see these scholarships as being a great opportunity for people to do formal education, but we want to make it value-added so that they can have other kinds of educational experiences. And so that leads into this peer networking as one of the things. We really want to support peer networking to that end. Well, we think it strengthens professional relationships greatly. This is a great way to have a coach and to be a coach. In encourages diversity, the world we live in is a very complex place, and we need to encourage diversity. And it helps us recruit potential members to the profession. There has been some concerning library science that the profession was, well, to put it politely, aging. Elderly, almost. And we do want to encourage young people to join. What we think has been a wonderful profession. So this is our Facebook page, The Nebraska Librarians Learning Together. We hope that everyone will start following this on Facebook and make this a good place to network. I just want to point out that Catherine Brockmeyer of the Nebraska Library Commission staff has been working on this Facebook page, and I think it's going to be a tremendous resource. She's very anxious to get people started using this Facebook page. You don't have to be a scholarship recipient to use this. The idea is that it's for all Nebraska librarians to share all kinds of ideas and resources with each other. I know that she's hoping to get some of those interns that we previously funded to get active on this Facebook page and learn more about what librarians are doing. And maybe those interns will want to apply for scholarships then after having had a great experience as an intern in a library. So I really want to encourage all of you that are on this call to start using this Facebook page in any way that works for you. And the whole idea is that we learn together, and by learning together, we encourage people to join our profession. So I hope it will be useful to you. I know Catherine has put a lot of thought into this, and she's really helpful that people will find it useful too. And I think one of the cool things she's doing, if you notice the photograph, she's taking pictures or getting pictures of Nebraska librarians, and this Facebook page photo is going to change all the time. It's going to be different Nebraska librarians all the time. So I guess we'll start now asking you to submit your photographs so we can share the face of Nebraska librarians learning together. Yes, if you want to be a face, just let us know. Please do. Libraries, well, we're currently going through an economic tough patch right now. And libraries are not an exception in terms of feeling the pinch sometimes. And one of the great things we can do to make our services stronger and to help parlay our strengths is to share and is to work together. And so we really think this is a really vital thing, a real 21st century skill that we no longer can afford not to do. And we're going to actually require that our scholarship recipients post to this page and share. They're going to share their experiences as students, what their educational experience is like. We're going to also ask them to share how they're using their stipend funds and what their stipend funded activities have been like. So this is going to, I hope be a place where the scholarship recipients find it useful, but then other librarians also find it a way to network and mentor each other. So that was stipends. And now here's another value added activity. We are going to have a 21st century tech skills camp. I love it that you found this illustration of the tech skills camp because it's sort of camp like, but it's very tech like. I thought we had a campfire burning on that. I had to create that. Oh my goodness. Good work. Very good, very good. But for the tech skills camp, the idea is to enhance your skills and in this case, particularly your technical skills. Try out new services, new software, new hardware and get answers to your questions. So this is a place to learn, to experiment, to have fun. So, you know, we hope it's going to be a good thing. I promise you it will be air conditioned. Going back to the camp. Not actually about intense somewhere. No, no, no, no. It will be camp like only in the sense that we'll be relaxed and comfortable and enjoying ourselves. But I wanted to mention to that the camp will be designed specifically to meet the needs of the scholarship participants. So we'll be getting some feedback from them as to what they feel their needs are and what will make it work for them. But we will also open it up to other librarians across the state. The scholarship participants will have their expenses paid. Other librarians will be free to join us. It won't be expensive, but we won't be paying their mileage. Yeah. We think this is one way to help people. It's so hard. Things come along every day. Yeah. I have this backlog of things to look at, things to try. Things to learn. Things to learn. I know. I'm looking forward to this myself. And there are people here on our staff that we're going to ask to help us with this. People who are tremendous coaches, who if you've got your laptop there and you're trying to learn how to do something different on your blog, we've got great staff here that'll help coach in that regard. Yes. So I'm looking forward to it. I need a day off to figure out how to do some things myself. Oh, yeah. I have a question here from Naomi Solomon about segments. Okay. Mind to know if they're offered for professional research, such as research that would hopefully lead to scholarly publication. Oh, like if they need to pay for some research materials? I guess, yeah. Or if you need to go travel somewhere. Make a case. I would say, you know, make a case for what it is you need. We'll try and figure it out. Make a case. It was not in our original proposal to IMLS. So we really have to take a look at that. But, you know, the way these stipends are going to work is that people will have to apply for them separately and make a separate case for what they need. So like not everybody's going to hand it out a laptop, for example. You're going to have to do an application for a laptop and explain why you need it. I mean, most people probably will need a new laptop unless they just bought it. And we're assuming that what will happen is that we'll come up with a set of specifications and an average cost of a laptop with those specifications and say, here, you can have up to this amount for a laptop. And here are maybe some of the machines that we can tell you would work out. We think would work out for you. The professional associations, it would just be the membership. We would say, yes, you know, we'll reimburse you for your membership. Going to the conferences. Because we're hoping that when groups of people want to go to the conferences that we can send someone along who has navigated these things before. Like a mentor who can help them out. But, you know, we maybe get this to be a really good experience for people. Naomi says, thanks for answering your question. Thank you. And we have another question about the camp. Diana probably wants to know if the LIS faculty could attend. Absolutely. You bet. Would any of their expenses be covered? Actually, we do have money in our grant for the LIS faculty for whatever you need to do curriculum development and whatever your plan is. When we talk to Eric about partnering with us on this, we had just a certain amount of money put in. So you and Eric can put together your budget for whatever you guys want your faculty to do, whatever you need money for for your faculty to do, whether it be travel or curriculum development. We have that in the grant. We put that in the grant deliberately. So you would have that. So yes, absolutely. We do also have a question from, she says, yeah. Our own commission staff here who are watching as well, wanting to have an automatic membership in NLA or NEMA in addition to other memberships. Hi, guys. Hi, commission staff. Hi. If these people are scholarship recipients, they'll make a case for whatever membership they would like to be included in, whatever membership they'd like to be reimbursed for. So it's not automatic. Nothing in psychics is automatic. Everything is separately applied for and approved. I have a pretty strong feeling, prejudice even, perhaps, against doing that sort of thing automatically for people. I really think people need to make their own decisions about what's right for them. What they want to get so much information, who they want information from. Are they really in the PLA or not? Do they even work at a public library? Then it doesn't matter. Yeah. Yeah. I would encourage people to try these experiences. Oh, sure. We don't, we don't want everyone to do it. We just want to force people. So now we would, and they're also saying that the camp also covers all 21st century skills, not just tech. Right. We'll go through that. Yeah. We'll go through some of those. That's a good point. Yes, it's not just technology. We'll have some experiences for all the 21st century skills. The idea of the camp is definitely to explore some tech stuff, partly because we feel that's a difficult thing sometimes for people to explore on their own. Take the time. Yeah. Well, the time, having the equipment, knowing, knowing what to explore. And having a coach like our wonderful staff here at the commission who can help. So, you know, we just wanted to carve out some time for people to... Sure. Yeah. That would be fun. Okay. Anything else? So we'll go on. Oh, okay. Nope. Sorry. It just popped up. Yeah, they're typing. Yeah, good. Jen wants to know, do we have any of when the camp will be or is that... Probably spring 2012. Okay. Fitting things into the library schedule. So many other things we already have. Yeah. I think it's going to have to probably be maybe late spring, of course, before summer reading starts. And after, hopefully after the semester's over, so that the students aren't just completely bogged down in classwork. So we'll be asking the students who get the scholarships, what's the best time for you? Does this work? And can you plan for this? And hopefully that's where it'll be. But we don't know. We have not confirmed. But at this point, we're talking about over a year from now. So, okay. Want to go on to internships? Sure. I think this is close to Mary Jo's heart. I love these internships. And I love these interns. And we do want you to know that interns do lots of things besides shelving books. But this was just a very library-related little graphic. The internships involve grants to libraries rather than to individuals. The idea is to expose the interns to library work, encourage the interns to consider library careers. Some feedback we've had from intern past interns have said, wow, they had no idea. This is how libraries worked. And it was kind of cool. And then for the library, there is funding for new or extra staffers to do projects or help with things. So it's kind of a win-win situation. It sure is. I just want to make it clear that these internship grants go to public libraries and they're to accredited public libraries here in Nebraska. I also wanted to point out that this is a partnership effort that we've been working on for many years. But we work with the Nebraska Library Association on this partnership. They help us review the grants and make decisions about who gets funded. They also help us by working as the funding recipient for an anonymous private foundation grant, which helps to boost the number of internships we can give each year. So it's been a wonderful relationship with the Nebraska Library Association and our staff working together to make sure that there's as many of these interns in public libraries across Nebraska as possible. And these kids are fabulous. I mean, so many of them have done such great things. They've done digitization projects. They've set up teen centers. They've worked on the library's website and the library's Facebook page besides, of course, helping out as shelving books and working circulation. So I mean, it's a tremendous opportunity for them to see what a vital, vibrant, exciting life we have in library work and how they could contribute and be part of it. And I hope that a bunch of those interns that we've funded over the last five or six years will now be scholarship recipients. We're going to go contact them all and say, do you know you can get a scholarship right now? And I just want to jump in here and say, if you want to know a lot about people who have experienced these internships, we're actually doing an Encompass Live on this in January. Katherine is doing a session on January 12th called Internships, a good fit for your library. And we're actually having, I'm not sure how many people who have been these interns who will be reporting about how they, what it was like, what they did, how they liked it, their whole experience. So that will be a great session. So if you want to know, you know, what did they do, how did they like it from the actual people who experience the actual interns themselves, that's our January 12th Encompass Live session. Oh, great. That'll be a great session. So with the internships, the applications will be available January 15th. The deadline is February 15th. So this is coming right up. This needs to be on everybody's, you know, horizon. And then we'll be awarding them March 15th. So programs must be completed by. We've been trying to think about that. Yeah. There is a time period. I think that'll be negotiated. It'll be clear in the application. Yes. When the end date will be. Yeah. And again, this hasn't, these applications have not gone up on our website yet, because once more, we do want to make sure that they are approved by our governing board, that all the policies and all the procedures are approved by our governing board and by our partner, the Nebraska Library Association. Yes. And this is this year's. This is this year's coming here. We'll be talking about years after that, after that. So that's the interns. Now, we've talked. Were there any questions about internships? Maybe we should do that. Not for the moment. We'd really like to encourage libraries who maybe haven't had an intern before. One of the criteria was that we hoped the libraries would have a good experience planned for the interns, but we also want to be sure that the interns are making a good contribution in the library. So we really want this to be a good fit and a win-win for everyone. Yeah. One thing I guess I wanted to point out is that again, oh, well, we've got that out there. Well, if you go to now hiring at your library.org, you can find information about internships. You can find information about scholarships. You can find information about everything we've been talking about. Yes. In fact, this is linked to on our the Nebraska Library Commission's home page. It's one of the links on the left-hand side. You shouldn't have any trouble finding it. We thought now maybe we should talk a little bit about these 21st century skills because we've mentioned them several times. And we think this is going to get to be a bigger thing all the time. We think that this is something that is going to be very important. And so we thought, well, let's talk about them a little bit. What librarians need to know. And maybe one of the first things you need to know is that the 21st century skills are not strictly for librarians. They are for everybody. And so they are things that librarians are going to want to help their library users with as well. Yeah, I think the main goal, if you read this report, which I think we've got coming up on the next slide, I think the main goal is to assure that librarians have these skills so they can help their customers achieve these skills as well. This was from the museum's libraries and 21st century skills is the name of the report. This is the link to it. It's at the Institute of Museum and Library Services website. And it says, and I know it's awful to read things on the slide, but I'll just read this one little quote. The report outlines a vision for the role of libraries and museums in the national dialogue around learning and 21st century skills and includes case studies of innovative audience engagement and 21st century skills practices from across the country. Now, these are already being used a lot. 21st century skills in schools are showing up. There's some books about it. But this is for all kinds of libraries, even for museums because the Institute of Museum and Library Services has a very active program for museums as well as libraries. So, and what are these skills? What are we really talking about? Well, we're talking about a whole set of skills. Yes, we are. And so when the question is asked, will the technology camp, the 21st century technology camp, focus only on technology? Well, we will focus on technology, but the technology is, in some ways, it's a tool toward these, attaining these whole set of skills. One being critical thinking and problem solving. I think that there's a ton of stuff that the schools are doing to encourage critical thinking and problem solving. But I think we can't forget our adults also need to build these skills and need to use these skills in their everyday life. Creativity and innovation. I think there's a lot that's going to be happening in libraries around entrepreneurial innovation and the libraries being the source where entrepreneurs can come and grow their entrepreneurial business. So, this is just one example of how that skill, having that kind of skill set, can help you help your customers. Communication and collaboration. And then all the literacy issues, basic literacy, visual literacy, scientific and numerical literacy, just you name it, people have to be able to do these kinds of things and to have these kinds of skills. And I think libraries are in a unique position to understand what literacy skills do for people. And we may appreciate more than many places the fact that literacy is still not universal. There are people who lack these skills and it's a great detriment to them. So, if we can help them, this is something, this is one of the things that has traditionally been a library priority. And we would like to see it continue that literacy is terribly important. And you can see how those technology skills feed into this literacy and they feed each other. So, so many of these skills are part of it. That's why I say skill set. They're part of a dynamic learning experience for people. Flexibility and adaptability, technology skills, life and career skills. You know, living, skills for living, skills for keeping your career lively. Those kinds of things are going to be very important. I think librarians are telling us right now huge numbers of people are coming into Nebraska libraries looking for help with these kinds of skills. And it's going to just be more and more. And we're very excited that this is something that libraries are so well positioned to help people with. Initiative and self-direction. And then what I consider to be a very important piece, the cross-cultural skills. But being able to appreciate and being able to to enhance your own cultural experience by having cross-cultural skills, including communication and language skills, but not limited to just being able to speak another language, but also understanding other cultural holidays and mores and just enjoying the richness of Nebraska's culture. Some of our communities have people speaking 20, 30 different languages. How rich is that? It's amazing. We're so lucky in many ways, but it also provides challenges for skill building. And one of the things that we think that libraries, we have to start thinking about not just building our libraries, but helping to build our communities. And the contribution that our libraries are making to our communities and to our communities' cultural and economic well-being. And these all fit into that as well. And the idea of communication and collaboration, we just hear it over and over again. Nobody can go it alone anymore. And you can build those skills at any point in time in your life and just keep building them. They'll always need a little refresher. So anyway, these are the 21st century skills that we've been talking about. We would encourage you to go to the IMLS website and read about the skills because they kind of delineate them and talk about them at various what this means at different levels and how you've really achieved the highest skill levels than what would your practice be looking like. And the report actually is very readable. Yes, it is. It's really a good report. And it's very interesting. So it's not real long and researchy. Although it is based on research. I should say it is. Have a research base. But as we said, you're going to hear about this in schools. You're going to hear about this in economic development. And we think that the libraries, the public libraries, as well as school libraries and other libraries, have a real role to play here with the 21st century skills. So that's kind of where we are. Do we have any questions? Any other last-minute questions? Yeah, we have plenty of time. Anything that was mentioned. Do you want to go back to anything that was talked about? Go ahead and type your questions or say unmute me. I can do that if anyone else wants to talk besides us. Love to hear your voices. If you've got a microphone, do look about the second week in January for the material on our website about the scholarships. And if you have questions, well, you could just call the commission if you want. But Mary Jo and I would both be happy to try and answer your questions or Catherine Brockmeyer is handling questions on the scholarships. And we really want these to work for people. So we want to hear what you have to say. Hop on that Facebook page and say whatever comes to your mind. I mean, I think there's a lot that can happen with that kind of peer-to-peer networking and sharing. Do we have any questions about you guys? We just have Diana want to know about the slides. After the session is over, the recording will be processed and then we'll put that up on our website when we do. This slideshow will be available as well there. And all of you who registered will get an email letting you know that the recording is ready and the slides are up there for you to go ahead and view, download, do whatever you want to go over them again. And when you get that email, please feel free to forward it to anyone you think might be interested because anybody can look at the recorded version. This is not the kind of webinar where the only time you can look at the recorded version is if you've been there. Anybody can look at the recorded version and I think it could be very useful. At least some of the slides might be good to print out and have people use to share information. Yeah, all of the slides are available for anyone to watch at any time. Slides are up there. Any links that were in the presentation will also be available for you to get to those links to report and then the website, the now hiring website. Yeah, there are actually quite a few links in this and we used to put them up as a delicious account and we're still doing that although we might be changing that in a few years. We're looking into changing right now. Right now you can still use delicious to get to all the links or just open up SciShow and go to the links through the SciShow. Any other questions about anything? I think Julie's jumping up yet. I just want to thank everybody for hopping on the call and joining us and asking all your good questions. This makes this a very rich hour of learning for us and we appreciate it. We have one of our students, Claudia Moore, asking about, I know you said the skills camp won't be for until 2012. Yeah, she's asking about it possibly being on a weekend to accommodate full-time employees, people who have jobs during the week. Thank you for sharing that. That is a good idea. And by the way, one of the things we didn't talk about is we will be doing throughout this three-year period, we'll be doing some little mini sessions that anybody can hop on and hopefully they'll be abused to you. We'll be asking you through the Facebook page what it is that you would be interested in having a mini session on and everybody can interact during these mini sessions. So we'll be asking you questions like when would you like to have it? Would you like to have it in the evening? Would you like to have a mini session on the weekend? What's the best thing for you? And Claudia, I'm so glad you're on the call because I left a message for you with how to get on the call and I thought, oh gosh, I hope she gets that message. So it's great to hear that you're on the call, Claudia. We also really appreciate your feedback. I know it's easy to think, well, they don't care or they wouldn't want to hear from me, but you know what, we really do want to hear from you. We don't want to make decisions in a vacuum. We do want it to work for you. And who wants to give a party and then find out nobody can come? That was the wrong time. So do let us know. We're always happy to hear from you. Thank you. So thank you. Anything else before we close down for the morning? Now you know, you can contact Mary Jo and Laura. You've got their emails there. The commission 800 number asks for either one of them and you can find out more that you want to know about it. I can't find the mouse there. Be sure and join Catherine on January 12th again at 10 a.m. to learn more about the internships. I'm actually looking at the description again. It looks like there'll be actual libraries at the library. People that have accepted the grants and quite experienced it, how the interns did as well. So it should be very interesting. Totally follows up on this. Great. Okay. Well, thank you very much for attending this morning. As we said, it has been recorded and the recording will be available probably this afternoon, depends on how long it takes for this technology to process. And I hope you'll join us next week or I will not be here. I will be away for the holidays. But Michael Sowers, our technology innovation librarian, will be here doing his regular monthly tech talk. Not sure what his topic is going to be, but they're always interesting. They are always interesting, those tech talks. It's always something new and innovative and something you want to know about. So he will be here next Wednesday morning doing that for you. So we'll see you next time. Thank you very much for attending. Meanwhile, thank you. Happy holidays. Bye-bye.


The leader of the factional group of the National Association of Nigerian Student Nans, Abdul-Majid Oladimeji, has announced his resolve to accept and respect the duly elected president of the student's body, Sondeh Achaifon, as his leader and close all ranks in the interests of peace. Oladimeji was one of the contestants for the Nans presidential seat, but lost to Achaifon's Sunday Dio in a keenly contested election held in Abuja on the 4th of December 2020, apparently dissatisfied with the outcome of the election. In a remark, the Nans president Sondeh Achaifon says the decision taken by his colleague has clearly proven that the student's body is a leader of tomorrow for showing the spirit of sportsmanship. We will be able to resolve it and who broke the peace amongst comment is at youth. There is need for us to unite ourselves in that unity that we can make progress. And with the glory of God, we have been able to do that. We have been able to do that and the house is now one. On behalf of myself and my executive here by Sondeh Achaifon to be to continue as the Nans president, the student elected by December last year as the Nans president will settle a crisis and I just want to speak a voice coming election. Meanwhile, the Nans president also reacts to some pertinent national matters, especially on insisting students abduction in the northern part of the country. Such we have been, we have called the government on different times that the government should look inward and declare these people as a terrorist and they should be treated as one because we believe this attack, why is he on our campuses? Why is he, why are they facing school? And again, I've met with several stakeholders in this country on this issue of security matter on that is affecting our campus, that is affecting education in the north west and part of the north central in this country. The civic responsibility of a responsible government is to provide security for their people. But you know, I've got many years, I must commend the security personnel, they are doing their best, but yet we are sickling on them. To be more proactive, it's not enough, we need a safe school.


Hello everyone a very warm welcome to each one of you. So as you can see we will start with some basic concepts of chemistry today So let's start So starting from the ward itself chemistry chemistry is Something which deals with the structure Properties different kinds of properties. It can be physical chemical properties of substances, right? And if we try to know that this structure or Properties of what structure and of properties of different different substances? So in order to know the structure and different properties we need to Go to the micro level. So we need to see what are these substances made up of? So we will see the basic unit of each substance So we need to know regarding atoms We need to know regarding molecules and Then we will go on to studying different compounds. Okay now So different theories were given different laws were given. So basically atoms will combine with each other to form molecules right, so Different theories where different laws more precisely were put forward and there was one person Dalton Forward all the laws into a theory. So we call it as Dalton's atomic Theory, what does Dalton's atomic theory states the first most important postulate of Dalton's atomic theory is matter Is made up of Very small indivisible particles or we can say in the indivisible means We cannot break that substance further into smaller components. So indivisible particles Which are known which was called as atoms This was the first postulate that was given by Dalton and he also Said that atoms of Same element so there are different elements. We know that in periodic table in 10th grade Also, we have studied the periodic table and we have seen there are so many elements, right? So atoms of the same element No matter from where we take it where the origin is coming from same elements will have same properties same properties Identical properties what what do we mean by identical properties like for example size shape Weight that means mass all these things will be identical if it is from the same element now From this point only Another point comes up that atoms of Different elements will have Different properties that means they will be different in all aspects mass size shape and all those so these are The three points that was given along with the fourth point now this particular fourth point is based on law of Conservation of mass so according to Dalton Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed so Dalton's atomic theory was given in around 19th century But before that itself this law of conservation of mass was given by Antoine Lavoisier So according to the law of conservation of mass It was stated if I talk about only this law of conservation of mass It stated that during any chemical or physical chain. I will write the law here particularly Then we will discuss about this Yes, so it states law of conservation of mass states that during any chemical or physical change The total mass of our products will be equal to the total mass of the reactants That means suppose if I have taken a plus b is giving me C plus d and I know that the mass of a is x mass of b is y For C it is z and for D it is let's say a Okay now According to law of conservation of mass x plus y should be equal to z plus a This was given by Antoine Lavoisier So this is the particular concept from which the balancing comes up So why do we need to balance any reaction because of Law of conservation of mass we know that mass is conserved now so Now this last statement provided the mass has not undergone Conversion into energy. What does this mean? So sometimes what happens in especially in case of our? Nuclear reactions whenever there is any nuclear reaction Nuclear reaction means that means where there is new nucleus involved. Okay, so that particular case What happens is there is a lot of energy involved That means when we are talking about nuclear reactions, either we are talking about fusion Or we are talking about fission. You have heard about nuclear bombs and stuff, right? So we are talking about fusion and fission here So whenever we are talking about a nuclear reaction, what happens is there is a There is a certain amount of mass which gets converted into Energy so definitely the mass will be changed so that time what happens the law of conservation of mass LCM fails there but mass is getting converted to Energy it is not lost. It is not like it is going vanished out of somewhere So it is getting converted to energy so we can say that law of conservation of mass and energy is conserved now according to the equation we have studied in physics E is equal to MC square right so here we can see that mass and energy are Like two forms of the same thing. Okay, so mass can either get converted into energy energy can also get converted into mass Okay So please remember this that law of conservation of mass will fail in case of nuclear reactions But if we talk about law of conservation of energy that is gonna stay conserved now So four pointers we have seen in Dalton's atomic theory now coming to the fifth point Fifth point states that Atoms now I told you that atoms will combine with each other to form Different substances right molecules or compounds so atoms of different elements will combine and They will combine in a fixed Whole number ratio fixed whole number Ratio they will combine in that ratio only all the ways when forming compounds Now this is also a particular law that has been given by Joseph Proust. Okay, so this is known as law of definite proportion Law of definite proportion it was given by Joseph Proust. So basically it has been made into a theory by Dalton Now we have to know a little bit more regarding law of definite proportion. What does law of definite proportion states? Let's see the statement first Now the law of definite proportion states that any compound doesn't matter what its origin is Will contain the same elements in Same definite proportion by mass. We will take one example here Let's say we have Suppose we want to analyze carbon dioxide. So carbon dioxide we can prepare by a lot of synthetic process So first process, let's see as carbon. We can just be acted with oxygen heated and it can form CO2 Another method is carbon monoxide with Oxygen if we heat it then also we can get CO2 we can get From decomposition of calcium carbonate as well Will give calcium oxide plus CO2 So I want to analyze these three samples of carbon dioxide that I have got from three different synthetic methods When I will analyze it. I will see that the composition The composition of CO2 I am analyzing I will see that the mass of carbon and oxygen it will always be Carbon is how much? 12 oxygen is how much? 16 plus 16 32 So we will see it will always be in this ratio if we It will always be Reacting or Combining in a definite proportion by mass that is our three is two eight in all these three samples We will be seeing the same thing one more example we can take let's say Cupric carbonate So cupric carbonate is an example from ncrt itself Naturally obtained cupric carbonate was taken and as well as synthetic also it was taken So the percentage of copper Percentage of carbon and percentage of oxygen was analyzed in this particular sample got from both the sources So it was seen that in natural The percentage copper was fifty one point 35 and Percentage carbon was nine point seven four percentage oxygen was thirty eight point nine one When synthetic cupric carbonate was analyzed same percentage was up to thirty one point three five nine point seven four and Thirty eight point nine one so it states that no matter what the origin is The definite proportion by which the elements are combining to form the compound will be constant always Now here also there are certain conditions under which this particular Law of definite proportion fails does not hold true. So we will see in which which conditions so conditions Under which the law of definite proportion LDP Fails Generally it will fail in two conditions first condition is when The compound is made from different isotopes for example H2O and B2O now H2O the masses let's say 2 is to 16 so always Hydrogen and oxygen will be Combining in the ratio of one is to eight But similarly if we talk about D2O now D2O will be what D2O will be four is to 16 so it will always be mixing in the ratio one is to four so definitely this Composition is different. So whenever we will be using Isotopes of the same compound same element. Sorry isotopes of the same element Then this particular definite proportion might change. So there the LDP will fail and the second situation where the LDP will fail is in case of Non stoichiometric compound non stoichiometric compounds are compounds in which The composition is not fixed. So there is no fixed composition No fixed composition for example titanium hydride this hydrogen can be present In the amount of 1.5 to 1.8 So we can see that there is no definite mass ratio in this particular compound. There will be no definite Mass the ratio so definitely the law of definite proportion will fail in this case So these are the two conditions under which LDP will fail So the next law is our law of multiple proportions. This was proposed by Dalton himself Now the statement for this particular law is when two elements will combine for example We can straight away take one example and understand this particular statement Suppose nitrogen a certain compound contains nitrogen and oxygen Now the compound can be many types It can be either N2O or let's say it can be nitric oxide or it can be N2O3 or it can be N02 or it can be N2O5 Now we can see that it is made up of two elements But the number of compounds formed is not one. It is more than one Now we have to make the mass of any one of this particular element constant So here I am making the mass of nitrogen as constant. So if I say here in this compound What is the mass of nitrogen 14 plus 14 it will be 28 Here it is 14 Here it will be again 28 Here it is again 14 and here it is 28. Now coming to the oxygen here it is 16 16 again Here it is 48 32 and here it will be 18. Now I have to make any one of the Elements mass to be constant So here particularly I am making the nitrogen mass as constant. How can I make it constant? I can multiply these two with two If I multiply these two with two Definitely, I have to multiply the oxygen mass also with two So this will give me a mass of 32 and this will give me a mass of 64 And both of this will become 28 28 So you can see now all this nitrogen mass have become constant and that is nothing but 28 so keeping this nitrogen mass constant the mass of the oxygen that is Combining with this nitrogen if I take the ratio of that masses of only oxygen You can see here it is 16. So 16 is 2 Here it is 32 32 is 2 48 is 2 64 is 2 18 So if I Reduce this into the lowest fraction possible lowest ratio. It will give me a ratio of 1 is 2 is 2 3 is 2 4 is 2 5 So that means what the masses keeping the mass of nitrogen as constant the mass of the oxygen that is combining with this fixed mass of This nitrogen bears a whole number ratio and this whole number ratio is this number Okay, so this is particularly meant by our law of multiple Proportion so in many compounds that will be seen one such example will be our let's say carbon monoxide and co2 So here carbon masses constant it is 12 12 here the oxygen masses 16 here it is 32 so keeping the carbon mass constant the oxygen the Amount of oxygen that is combining with each one of them is in the ratio 16 is to 32 that is nothing but 1 is to 2 that is the simple whole number ratio now same thing we can do for H2o And H2 O2 as well So same Keeping this hydrogen mass constant as 2 and 2 again it will be around 16 to 32 which mass Simple whole number ratio is bearded by Oxygen so it will be again 1 is to So this is all about our law of multiple proportion. So by seeing the compound itself how to recognize that this particular two compounds are Following law of multiple proportion or not so it definitely The element in both the compounds here also it should have hydrogen oxygen here also It should have hydrogen oxygen suppose. I have given you let's say H2o and HCl Will this show law of multiple proportion definitely not why because here the number of elements which are present are hydrogen and oxygen and here the elements which are present at hydrogen and chlorine so definitely These two are not equal. So the elements has to be equal in both the components Now coming to the next law that is our galusax law Now galusax law states that When gases react now, I'll first of all, I'll take one example. Let's say I am combining N2 and H2 So when I am reacting these two gases they will react in a way that the Volume in which they are reacting that volume will be or a simple whole number ratio to one another and Also to any gaseous product that has been For to the volume of any gaseous product that has been formed. So N2 and H2 forms what NH3 It will form NH3 now if I balance this if I balance this Here we will have three and here two Now what I'm trying to say is I have taken One volume so according to galusax law one volume of N2 will react with three volumes of H2 to give two volumes of NH3 this this particular law Was known as galusax law now here we have taken volume So let's say if we take some realistic volume. Let's say we have taken 20 ml Okay, so if N2 I am taking 20 ml then how much H2 do I need to take One volume needs three volume so 20 ml should require at least 60 ml of H2 and How much of NH3 will be formed? 20 ml Not 20 ml 20 ml into 2 correct So it will be 40 ml of NH3 that will be formed One more example we will see One more example. We will see H2 plus Cl2 is giving HCl to HCl So suppose if I say I Have been given 50 ml of H2. I have been given. Okay. It's not like according to the balance reaction emcee Suppose one person has given you 50 ml of H2 and 100 ml of Cl2 Now we can clearly understand that this 50 ml Will react with the Will not react with 100 ml. It will react with 50 ml only because according to galusax law one volume of H2 will react with One volume of Cl2 to give two volumes of HCl So if I have been given with 50 ml of H2 and 100 ml of Cl2 if I consider 100 ml Do I have 100 ml of H2? I don't have 100 ml of H2. So 50 ml of H2 will react with 50 ml of Cl2 and Form how much of HCl it will form 100 ml of HCl why 100 ml 15 to this Two two volume is there. So definitely if one volume is 50 ml two volume should be 100 ml What a question here in the end product that means in the reaction mixture What are the gases which are left? So we will definitely have the product that is 100 ml of HCl But there will be another gas what gas which one gas which gas was left in excess Cl2 gas was left in excess how much amount? 50 ml So this 50 has reacted with 50 ml only but initially we were given with 100 ml of Cl2 So definitely 50 has been left. So this will be the composition of the resulting mixture When we are given with 50 ml of H2 plus 100 ml of Cl2 Initially we are given with this and we are left with this So we are able to detect what will be the Composition of the resulting mixture with the help of this Galussat's law and definitely in coming topics We will be using this particular concept In understanding limiting reagent this particular law will be very very helpful We will be studying that in later lectures now coming to the next law Our next law is Avogadro's law and this is the last law of our laws of chemical combination basically So the statement says that when certain physical conditions like temperature pressure remains constant then if I take let's say Here I have taken two boxes Okay, or maybe you can consider this as a particular volume. So let's say here we have 50 ml of H2 gas Okay, and here we have another box another particular volume Which is also 50 ml of CO2 gas these are the two gases we have taken both the volume are same So it states that the volume of all gases Equal volume equal volume of all gases will contain equal number of molecules, so if this particular volume contains X molecules of CO2 Then if this is container A this is container B if this contains X molecules of CO2 This should also contain X molecules of Now before this Avogadro's law one more theory was put forward by Bersilius He told that equal volume of all gases should contain equal number of atoms but that was a statement which was like Analyzed and it was seen that how can a particular gas contain like equal volume of all gases contain equal number of atoms because gases have individual identity only as molecules right gases will exist as molecules have you heard about That hydrogen gas is existing as hydrogen atoms only that happens only in case of noble gases helium Neon argon and all that but if we talk generally about gases they do exist in The form of molecules their independent existence is valid only in form of molecules So it is better to say that equal volume of all gases will contain equal number of molecules But will it contain equal number of atoms? Let's see So here no one important term comes up that is atomicity Atomicity what is atomicity number of? atoms in a Molecule it can be any molecule so Here we have X molecules of CO2 now one molecule of CO2 contains how many atoms One atom of carbon Plus two atoms of oxygen so total it contains three Atoms so if I say what is carbon dioxide's atomicity? It will be It will be three So if I say what is carbon dioxide's atomicity it will be three now Similarly if I try to do that for age two so for age two it will contain two two atoms of hydrogen so definitely that atomicity will be two so One molecule of CO2 is containing three mat three atoms So X molecules of CO2 will contain how many atoms? Three into X so three X atoms it will contain So in this chamber a We have X number of molecules But we have how many atoms in chamber a we have three X atoms But if we talk about chamber B we have X molecules of age two, but how many atoms do we have we have? two X atoms Why two X atoms because definitely one H two molecule will contain How many atoms two so X H two molecules will contain how many atoms two into X two X atoms So this is the difference So molecules Will be same in equal volume of all gases, but atoms might be different Atoms might be same also at times for example here if I take instead of CO2 if I would have taken Cl2 Then here also the atomicity is two when will the atoms be of two gases also be seen when their Atomicity will be same so one more point we can write if Atomicity is same The two gases in question if their atomicity is same then Molecules as well as atoms Both will be Same, but if atomicity is different then the number of atoms will vary so in this case we can say that volume of any gas is directly proportional to number of molecules present So this was basically our avogadro's law. We will be Understanding this concept more as we proceed with this particular chapter so with this we complete all the five laws of chemical combination and Dalton's atomic theory so this was the basics Before we start with more concept Thank you everyone. See you in the next lecture You


Robots with legs have significant advantages over wheeled robots. Nature has many elegant forms of locomotion, which can inspire robotics. Enter Omni-leg, a robotic leg based on a simplified human leg structure. Omni-leg's upper leg is driven by two motors, enabling symmetrical transitional movement in three dimensions. And the lower leg is driven by a single motor, enabling linear movement. This structure makes the robot leg have a completely symmetrical workspace in space and has the potential to achieve omnidirectional motion. In contrast, most leg mechanisms, and thus the robots they're attached to, have one single direction of motion. This prevents those robots from being able to turn in tight spaces. So far, the researchers have modeled Omni-leg and tested a single leg version. More testing with multiple Omni-legs on a robot are needed, but this work could lead to more adaptable, maneuverable robots.


Good morning students. It is Wednesday, March 25th. We are in the middle now of our first week of fully online teaching, and I want to say to you that you've been doing a good job so far. There's been some bumps in the road and some students have had more struggles than others, but overall I've been very pleased at the engagement level of the class. We're learning as we go and I'm going to be adapting a few things as we move forward. For today, I want to try to have you submit your practice work through Blackboard rather than sending it to me by email or text message. It worked on Monday, but I got a deluge of messages and it was kind of hard to figure out and make sure I wasn't missing anybody. If you can send it through Blackboard, I've set up an assignment there in today's folder for you to be able to attach your file. If for some reason you can't get that to work, go ahead and send it to me as a text message and I can check them in that way. It seems to be easier for the text messages than it was for the emails in terms of receiving them on my side. If for some reason you cannot send it by text message or through Blackboard, then yes, go ahead and send it to me as an email. But I'm also trying to get some feedback from you guys. So if something's not working, if you can also send me a message to let me know what difficulties you were having. So we can figure out if this is something we can troubleshoot and work around or whether I need to adapt to make it so that you can do that work. We have the in-class sessions and I will have the Blackboard collaborate open during those times. But we have not had very many students coming in and the students who did come in, there was very minimal interaction between them. Now again, for the ones who were there and who were interacting with each other, I do believe it's useful and I'm going to keep those sessions open. But it doesn't seem to be useful for a lot of students. If it's an issue that you just can't meet at that time, then again I encourage you to send me messages through email or text message. And we can sort of create a string of replies back and forth to each other to answer some of the questions if you have questions on that work. If it's technological issues and you think that we might be able to work through those, contact me and we'll see if we can troubleshoot on some of that. The other thing that I had noticed when I looked at some of the work from the Mondays problems was that some of you seem to be taking the practice videos I have and trying to copy down exactly what I put in the practice videos, or I should say the example videos, as your practice problems. But if you look at the practice problems, they're not exactly the same. These extra problem solving videos were not meant to be a tutorial to walk you through the practice problem step by step, but to do similar problems. So make sure that you are reading the practice problems carefully and asking questions if something is different than it was in the videos so that you know where you need to work on stuff. As always, good communication is going to be the key to succeeding in the online environment. I'm posting this video on YouTube and I suggest for my students that you go ahead and subscribe to me on YouTube so you can see when all the new videos pop up. Some of the videos may be for my physical science class, but most of them are going to be related to the physics class. So if you're one of my physics students, I'd highly recommend you subscribe to my channel so that you can see all the videos there. I'll post a little bit of information in blackboard, but I'm also just going to recommend that if you have questions, email me. Have a good day. You can do this. I'm here for you, but you've got to ask questions when you run into difficulties.


هلو أجل، today we will be presenting our banking 77 an intent detection dataset for Arabic. This is a joint work between Birzate University in Palestine and Cistek in Turkey. The goal is to classify a given query into an intent. For instance ماذا أفعل إذا لم أستلم بطاقة الجديدة which translates to what do I do if I still have not received my new card to the intent card arrival. مرور مرور جداً لدى بلاد زوجات، وضع مرور جداً والجانب لأعطاء كبير الإنسان. لقد ساعدت نضمن مرور جداً، وحدث أن يتعلق لكلام مرور مرور جداً. مرور جداً is the R-Banking 77 dataset, بصورة 31,000 قويريز، مرور جداً لكي يامل 77 مرور ويقوم بخبر مرور المرور جداً للأربية والبلستينية والدائل، ومع مخطوطاً لتعديد فتاة عربية V2 وهي مخطوطة ترانسية المدينة لتعديد فتاة عربية ومدينة تحصل على افون سكور 92% على مدينة مدينة ومع 90% على مدينة بلسطينية الانتبارة 77 مدينة تباً على الانتبارة 77 مدينة ويجب أن يتضغط تسريق 13 مجموعة ونقلت سليس and 77 مجموعة أو تسريق ويجب أن يتضغطها في مجموعة وعنها أن تضغطها في مجموعة ويجب أن تضغطها في مجموعة ويجب أن تحاول الماللما يوجد أعطان رقمية يقرأ افضل مجتموعة سليس 77 مجموعة تضغط مماتة لعبارة مجموعة لأننا لدينا one query in MSA and one query in Palestinian dialect and sometimes we have more as we are going to discuss in a bit. The mutation process went on for a few months. We used 26 annotators and there are two main phases for the annotation. The first one is Arabization and localization and the second one is a final review of the data. For Arabization localization we performed translation from Banking 77 English into MSA using Google Translate and then we performed manual annotations and revision. So we revised any translation errors in the MSA and the annotator then was given the option to write an additional query in MSA and then we have one Palestinian query for each MSA query and optionally a second Palestinian query for each corresponding MSA query if there is a new variation of it. The review basically looked at how acceptable the queries are and how semantically correct. We also performed some correctness on the queries and errors that comes from the translation misspellings. We have not corrected everything just to make sure this reflects real life scenarios which is in live chat queries. We also removed duplicate queries by adding variation to the query that is duplicated. There is a big لixical difference between MSA and Palestinian. If somebody asks why you want to do Palestinian dialect as well MSA, they are lixically different and we could see that in the Jacquard index which is 0.16 very low but that indicates that Arabic is highly the classic language and training one model on one dialect doesn't mean it's going to translate well and have good performance on different dialect or different variation of the language. We trained the transformer based model on the dataset we proposed like we mentioned Arabic V2 but before we evaluated Arabic V2 on our data we performed zero shout learning. We want to see how the model performs without even looking at Palestinian dialect data or even Arabic data. So first we trained an Arabic 77 data MSA and we evaluated on Palestinian. This is zero shout learning on Palestinian and we see the performance about 0.6 F1 score very low. If we take the English data and train giga bird or multilingual bird we see a significant drop on MSA and Palestinian. So we need to have a model trained on our data. So when we train our model on our data we see big F1 score big boost 92 F1 on MSA and about 90 F1 on Palestinian. Arabic V2 was the best performing model. To conclude we proposed Arabic 77 intent detection data. We benchmarked against multiple models Arabic V2 was the best model we benchmarked against. There is a demo here is a link be sure to go and give it a try and thank you for listening.