Welcome, my name is Cecily Esri and I'm our coordinator for student leadership here in housing and I'm so excited to join us today. We're going to talk a little bit about our student leadership opportunities, whether it's LeadHogs, it's NRHH, which is our service and recognition organization, RIC, which is our student government. We're going to talk a little bit about the RA position if you maybe want to be a student leader in that way someday and I'm sure we'll cover some other things. So stick with us today if you want to learn more about that. First, welcome to my office. If you ever need something throughout the year, you just need, you have questions about student leadership, how to get involved, or you just want someone to talk to, my door is open, you can always find me. So we're going to make our way to one of my favorite places in the housing office. First off, that's where we're at. We're in the housing office. Come visit us. But we have our student leadership office is where we have a couple of different student leaders who have office space there. They are there on a regular basis. So let's head that way. Do you want to introduce yourself? Oh yes, head that way.  Oh yeah. Hey y'all, my name is Henry.  So be sure to put your questions in and I'll be sure to assess lead them. And where are they tuning in from? Yeah, and where y'all to be sure to let us know where you're tuning in from. And any question is a great question. So if you have anything to do with student leadership, we'll try to answer it. Also, fun fact, Henry was a student of mine when I was over Hots Hall. He was a lead hog. He was an RIC rep. Was all the things. He never did an RA change though. I never did an RA change. He never had to come back and do an RA change. So many hats, Henry. I know. Yeah, Henry has all the hats. All the activities. Henry's a great guy to get to know as well. So we'll just introduce you to our next person, which is Kale. Hey guys, my name's Kale Lawson-Ager. I'm the president of our on-campus student government residence, Interhall Congress. And today we're going to show you our student leadership office, where the executives for residence, Interhall Congress and the National Residence Hall Honorary do their office hours and are available to students. So over on this side is where the NRHH executives work. And if you swing around over here, we have two spots where our RIC executives work. So to begin, I'll explain a little bit about residence, Interhall Congress and what it is. As I mentioned, I'm the president of residence, Interhall Congress, which is our on-campus student government. The main function of RIC is to serve as the voice of the on-campus student. So the main ways that RIC does that is through an elected House of Representatives. Each hall elects representatives from their hall, lead hogs, and they work with two major things to help advocate for that voice of the on-campus student. The first of those is by using bills. And bills are a formal legislation that allows RAs, lead hogs, anyone with an interest in helping the on-campus student access our $42,000 budget to help fund programs and improvements around the halls. So big campus-wide programs can get funding from RIC. Also small programs that lead hogs are putting on or just RAs are putting on within their floors. And also improvements such as new water fountains or in the past there's been foosball tables or pool sticks, different things like that that are purchased using our budget to fund these improvements within the residence halls. The other form of legislation we use are resolutions and resolutions allow the RIC House to make a statement on behalf of the voice of the on-campus student. So the reps work together to debate and vote on these resolutions that say this is the opinion of the students on our campus and then we use that to help advocate for that opinion. One big example from last year was that we had a couple representatives and one of our executives work together to author a resolution supporting increasing the number of water fountains that were in residence halls and when this passed we were able to take it to administration within university housing and they received it well and helped work with the plan so that we could increase the number and access to water fountains within residence halls. So the reason that this matters to you is because you will have the opportunity to become an RIC representative for your hall through lead hogs. So your role as a RIC rep is to collect the opinions of other lead hogs in your hall, your roommate, your neighbors, all your peers that live in your hall. You collect their opinion on different things going on around campus, things that they would like to see improved and on current legislation that's been presented to the RIC House. So this way you know how to help voice their opinion during debate at house meetings and also how to use their opinion to shape the way that you choose to vote on different bills and resolutions during the RIC House meetings. And then from there after you help gather that feedback for your hall you go to the house meetings where bills are presented, resolutions are presented, you debate them with other representatives, share the opinions that you and your peers have from your hall and then in the end every rep has one vote that they get to approve or deny bill or resolution and then ideally it passes so we can find a lot of great programs and improvements and initiatives on our campus. So that's the main role of representatives and I was fortunate enough to be a lead hog and a representative my freshman year for Hots Hall and it was an amazing experience. It led to me last year as a sophomore filling in this position as the RIC president and now I'm starting my second term. So I couldn't recommend it more. It's a great way to get involved on campus to really connect with your peers, your neighbors in your residence hall and also to improve your leadership skills in a really practical way. The other main part of RIC is the executive team. So we have a eight person executive team that I get to oversee as the RIC president and the rest of the executives have more specialized areas where they're able to advocate for students on our campus. For example we have a director of sustainability who works to promote sustainable practices within the residence halls and different sustainable programs acting as a resource for RAs as they program and things like that and most importantly acting as a resource for the RIC representatives as they consider legislation, author legislation, sponsor legislation. So we have a really great executive team this year that's super passionate about advocating for change on our campus and making the quality of living for residents on our campus better and so they really look forward to meeting you all working with you whether you choose to be a RIC rep or you just choose to be active in lead hugs or you're just a resident on campus. I recommend coming to this slow meeting these people because they're really great resources and they're really passionate about helping you. The last thing I have to say about RIC is that you can visit our website here at RIC.urc.edu. Here we have a couple different resources. This RIC 2022-2023 page has information about being a representative, things like that, some quotes from past representatives on what their experience was like. So I recommend visiting this page and looking into that. You can also find a little more information about our election process which I'll just touch on briefly. The elections happen within your residence halls. Each hall is able to elect one representative per every 100 residents that they have in their hall. So these elections will happen at lead hogs pretty early on so keep your eye out for more information as we go over this summer and as you move on to campus. If you have any questions about RIC or anything make sure to ask them in the chat or visit this website to find my email and you can always reach out to me and I'll be happy to help and I look forward to meeting you soon and having you on campus. Awesome thank you so much Kale. So yeah guys be sure to let us know if you have any questions about RIC and one question I have for you Kale what has been your favorite thing about being involved in student leadership, RIC and student government? My favorite part actually hands down probably is all the great people I meet who come from different backgrounds. I'm not from Arkansas I'm from Wisconsin and so I didn't really know many people when I first moved here and so I got to meet people from Arkansas, Texas, Missouri, Kansas all over and when you work in student government you get great opportunities to meet people who are really passionate about different things. You get to learn their stories what motivates them and all of those things and then you get to work with them and as RIC president I've really gotten to support people as they advocate for the things that they're passionate about the change that they want to see. So it's really eye-opening it's encouraging to me and that's kind of what makes me love it and makes me want to do it every single day. Awesome and one more question I had what advice would you give for people running their campaigns when they're trying to become RIC reps? Okay so what I would say is that it's honestly pretty casual. People love to see other genuine people they want people to represent them who feel real who they feel like that they're able to naturally connect with and people that aren't only trying to connect with them maybe at the beginning of the year because they want them to vote for them for RIC or they're using them to basically push their own agenda. People love people who they can connect with genuinely so I recommend being yourself being real reaching out to people being really intentional about forming those connections and just introduce yourself to people figure out you know why did they choose to come to the U of A what drives them what are they interested in and different things like that I think is pretty much almost a foolproof way of you know getting people to trust you and getting people to want to support you as you choose to represent them. Gotcha awesome thank you so much all right so be sure to let us know if you have any questions about RIC but we're going to move on in Cicely. All right well Cale touched on one of the things that is really valuable about getting involved in student leadership and that is like finding connection in community and learning from other people and so if you're looking for that I mean I imagine a lot of you are if you're coming to college there are thousands of people you can meet but if you're looking for a smaller pocket of people who live in your residence hall and you want to get to know them and you're a leader or maybe want to become a leader maybe you're wanting to practice some of those skills then our leadhawks program is a great way to get involved it's a very low entry it is something that you can try and if you decide there's another place for you to get involved awesome but if you decide you want this place to have a launching pad for understanding what it means to navigate change how to advocate for people how to really have and find mentorship then this is a great program so it's for any student who lives on campus it's for mainly freshmen but we also have a lead more which is for students who live on campus who are upperclassmen so Kale was a leadhog Henry was a leadhog and actually both of them were my leadhawks when I was a whole rector so or a CRE get to know your CRE that's a great piece of advice time for you but all that to say they when you're a part of leadhawks you get to do things like lead passion projects let's say you're passionate about something and you want a space to have money and funding to do an event on campus or you really want to lead a service project or you have something you want to do on campus once you get here then this is a great space to do that because there's a lot of resources and a lot of people and advisors who can help you navigate that that project so there's passion projects there's programs and events for the hall you can get involved in RIC a lot of leadhawks groups will also do things like hall improvements they'll be like hey we're getting together every Monday night and we've actually all noticed that we need more equipment in our gym space let's get together and let's lead some change and get some more gym equipment random things like that so it's very student driven they meet every week at six o'clock on Mondays so for a lot of you that works for some of our greek life students it can be a little bit more difficult because chapter is on Monday nights and so I encourage you if you want to do both come to as much of leadhawks as you can and then jet out and go to chapter meetings if you are in maples or reed we do have a Tuesday night meeting that is the only group who has um a Tuesday night meeting as well as the Monday that's because there's just so many great students that building and we want to give you that opportunity to be involved um to get involved with leadhawks you really can get involved all year long but we do have a priority deadline for people joining at the very beginning of the year so you have like nine more days is it the 11th um so July 20th next Wednesday is our deadline you have until midnight highly recommend you do it go on our website at leadhawks.uwork.edu and um it'll say get involved and you can fill out the application um if you're interested in um sorry back up you will hear back from us in about one to two weeks and then if you are accepted then you'll move in early you will go through an orientation it's just a quick like fun get to know people welcome to leadhawks event um when you first move in move in we'll do a few community building events like we'll go to the local family fund center um we'll do another community building event and then um you will also help with moving so this is a fun way to get to know people right away um you will find some volunteer shifts and or you'll pick them and then you'll get to volunteer to help other people move in because you're going to move in first um before everybody else and so great way to get to know people and then also if you're a part of leadhawks and you're taking university perspectives you can sign up for a leadhog specific university perspectives course um where you're with leadhawks from all across campus meeting for your required course so um that's also an option which is pretty great um try to think of that anything else I think that's a lot does there any questions yeah so be sure to ask us any questions you have about leadhawks but um Cicely could you tell us any uh like what favorite memories you have about leadhawks whether it be programs or meetings or anything like that uh I think there's a lot there's a lot we had a lot of really great programs we I think one of my favorite was um during COVID we it was really hard to do a lot with leadhawks because we were virtual but towards the end of the year we started to be able to meet outside and the group really wanted to plan a karaoke it was like a a um island themed karaoke night we brought a cookie food truck no ice cream food truck and um we set up karaoke and the advisors had helped you know help them plan and we were like we'll be there until eight or nine and the group wanted to party for so long that the advisors just left we were like we can't be here all night like we also have to do things and so we let the leadhawks just like I think Kail was there I think and I think they partied into like midnight about just doing karaoke and oh it was a blast and it was just a great way to end the year but it's things like that that leadhawks have ideas and then we helped make that happen um we also had um during Henry's freshman year there was a girl who really wanted to do a service project where they collected prom dresses for students in need and then um also did like a makeup day for students on their prom day and so she coordinated all of that with the local school district and then had them come to campus to pick a dress and um get all done up on their prom day and I think those are just really cool projects to watch students um be able to bring to life so those are my favorite memories awesome and can people apply uh like throughout the year yes so again that priority deadline is on august or july 20 but then it will close for about 10 14 days and then they'll reopen back up so anybody is welcome to join leadhawks like bring a friend always bring your friends to leadhawks it's a great way to um kind of help bring people in and build that community gotcha and it looks like we have a few questions coming in so if you are not able to move in early on the 11th can you still be a leadhog yes great question I do not want that to stop anybody it's meant to be a benefit and it's supposed to help your experience but if you can't move in early just keep an eye on all the emails and things you can join um and join us when you can gotcha and another question is is I'm in band so I won't be able to help with moving can I still participate uh yes so kind of the same answer as the other one like sorority recruitment band things like that focus on you have to prioritize that but when you can join us join us awesome leadhawks is pretty casual it's very like very low-key very student-driven the advisors are really chill but it's also like a really meaningful experience so it's nothing to stress about that's for sure gotcha well I think it's all the questions we have about leadhawks and um but Dona you can always ask us about leadhawks or RICA throughout the rest of the stream y'all cool and you can also email us at leadhawks at york.edu if you have any questions on gotcha well we'll transition now into our last main um student leadership organization that we have in housing so I'll come over here to the NRHH side um I do not get to be the president of NRHH too but they have an awesome executive team that's super passionate about the two main pillars of NRHH which are service and recognition um so NRHH I like to compare it to NHS if any of you were involved in NHS national honor society in high school um because NRHH is really focused on recognizing the great things that are happening and that people are doing on our campus um and also helping to grow our campus community through providing volunteer opportunities and serving our on-campus community so they do one project that's specific to each every month um and as a general body member of NRHH you meet every two weeks um so every other week you meet for one hour it's super casual with a lot of fun people um and you just do service projects plan service events um and things like that we actually are able to see a couple of examples over here um they have some food that's been collected so they kind of collaborate with our food camp or our food pantry on campus and they collect this food through NRHH and help donate it through the food pantry so that the food pantry can then help disperse it to students who are in need of food products and things like that so I know last year they also did a project where they made dog toys um with old t-shirts I think they helped tie blankets for individuals who struggled to get warm clothing during the colder winter months so NRHH is just a great way to help the community not just the campus community but I think the northwest Arkansas community as a whole really benefits from the work that NRHH get involved is to follow the u arc NRHH Instagram um they have a lot of super cool content um they keep it up to date with uh lots of updates things like that so follow it um that's how you can get more information you can also look on hogsink um for updates and more information as well about what they have going on and information about how to get involved if you have any questions about NRHH I'd be happy to answer those as best I can says to me as well gotcha so can you be involved um in NRHH and RIC you can be involved in NRHH in everything um there's there's really no conflict um that's the best thing about NRHH is that uh it's really casual and just a great way for people who are passionate about service and volunteering uh and recognizing the great work others are doing to meet and do those things um but there's no huge commitment it's not super time consuming and if you can't make it to a service product one month that doesn't mean you can't be involved in NRHH you can go to service projects later on um and things like that so don't let any commitments be an obstacle to being involved in NRHH gotcha and could you explain one more time how to join NRHH so there's a kind of a long process that goes on with it um they have a pre membership period um and so it's it's a little more advanced than I could probably explain on here but um to start I think go to Hogsing find out about when they're meeting um and show up to some of their first few meetings and you can get more information there uh the other great way is the pick one program um so if you've heard about that pick one is a great way to kind of find your place early on on campus so to learn more about NRHH for the pick one program choose NRHH by August 1st um so that you can participate in the NRHH pick one um and then learn a little more about NRHH how it works how it functions and um I'm sure if you do it you'll find that you really do want to get involved further in NRHH awesome we'll be sure to let us know um y'all what questions you have about NRHH and Cecily what do we have next um we've Kail talking about our fundraisers okay awesome Kail let's do it I'll circle back over here just to talk about a few fundraisers that we do for our organizations um so right here um you can see a few um items that are room essentials so I better grab my paper so I don't forget the deadlines okay the deadline to get any of these is July 15th which I believe is Friday so um so order your room essentials hop on by Friday and check those out you can find the link to the room essentials on the moving website movein.uark.edu um so check that out obviously there's there's bedsheets and things like that they have headboards on there too just different room items um and that way it helps we put these in your room right away so you don't have to go buy them at different stores back home and haul them down here or wait till you get here and go around to Walmart, Target, Kohl's just everywhere trying to gather this stuff you need you can order them right online they're in your room right when you get here for moving so it's super convenient um another great one we do is micro fridges that deadlines August 1st once again the links at moving.uark.edu and it's a microwave freezer fridge combination three in one we also put that in your room before moving so it's there right away you can use it for a fridge fridges take up lots of space so that's something really nice to not have to haul the campus and the last big fundraiser is these care packages here um so tell your parents about these um because you're going to want some of the snacks that are in these your parents can sign up to have them delivered to you throughout the year they come with um things like stress balls too but also chips trail mix cookies hot chocolate other snacks like that um so it's a really great gift to get and I believe they also come with a note in there too that your parents can even personalize so you can have a nice little motivational note from your parents and they come at really cool times holidays um around finals different things like that um so the perfect time that you need um some treats to cheer you up so the deadline for that one is July 18th once again you can find the link to sign up for those at moving.uark.edu so you have till the end of this week basically for the room essentials items until next Monday it looks like for the care packages and then a couple more weeks for the micro fridges but check those out a lot of them are really great deals actually I think so um they're convenient everything like that so look into those um there's some great options awesome all right what's next Leslie all right the last thing we have is a little bit information about becoming an RA this is another way to get involved in housing it's a really great way to find community find mentorship through student employment so if you're interested in the resident assisted position really what it is it's a way to for upperclassmen students to mentor to help with like working the front desk do events and programs help with crisis management in the residence halls and so really your RA is someone you're they're probably going to be one of the first people you meet when you get here and they're there for you if you need something throughout the year whether it's you go through you're going through a hard time or you just need somebody to like tell some good views to your RA will live on your floor in your residence hall and there's a couple of different types of RAs so if you're someone who really loves community building you really love just like you know that one-on-one relationship with people or just like that community building then we have community RAs for that we also have six other specialized positions so if you're like hey I really want experience um that's going to really translate to my resume then we have six different RA positions which are our lead hogs advisor RAs which are our leadership RAs we have wellness RAs we have diversity and inclusion RAs we have event management RAs marketing RAs and academic outreach RAs so if you ever need help in one of those areas there's someone who works in your building or four-year building that you can go to and then also if you're interested in filling one of those positions at some point then what I would advise you to do is keep an eye out on the you work RA Instagram also on your email and starting around September it's really early you'll start to see information about intersession so these intersessions will tell you all about what it's like to be an RA what the compensation is how many hours you work it's a 20 hours a week roll and then you'll get the application for the RA job so the only thing you really need to know now is if you're interested in becoming an RA keep an eye out for those intersession dates so um if you have any questions about that you can also email RA hire at uwork.edu and our staff can hopefully answer those questions but it's something to look into early I'm gonna highly recommend you apply even if you're like not quite positive you want to do it um it's good to to do the application so gotcha yeah any questions about that yeah who was uh your favorite RA and why wasn't me Henry was pretty great I had him for two years or three two one years I have two years of RA and then he left me just for I did yeah yeah it's okay it's so fun Henry was a senior RA too that's another position you can hold today after you want a little time and a little yeah a little a little little bit of experience before that yeah but um yeah let us know y'all what questions you have about becoming an RA as well as any other student leadership we're gonna hang out here for a little bit more and also let us know uh what you're uh most excited for for this upcoming uh upcoming school year but on the meet with us yeah I would be most excited yeah yeah just kidding you only want to hang out with Kale there's like no Cecily's pretty great she's yeah Kale what's what's the fun facts about Kale though we know Kale what's what's fun fact what's what's your high school mascots uh my high school mascot yeah so I mentioned I'm from Wisconsin I'm from a town called Monroe in Wisconsin and my high school mascot was the cheesemakers we take our cheesemaking very seriously in Monroe I spent some time working at the cheese factory working in the lab big cheese guy doing some tests I love cheese um interesting we have a festival um every other year and even years in September called cheese days uh cheese days in Monroe pretty much the coolest festival ever because you used to eat like cheese sandwiches fried cheese curds stuff like that um unfortunately the hogs have a home football game that weekend so I don't think I'll be trekking back to my hometown for cheese days but um if you're not interested in the hogs football game which you should be but if you're not and you want to go to cheese days in Monroe um hit me out if I can get you some more information but go to the football games I love going to football games you'll probably see me down in the front row um so I love football that's probably the most fun fact about me I feel like Kale's a good example too of what it looks like to get involved as a freshman um like I feel like you did everything as a freshman you were just going everything all the eight week events all of the fun housing events you just go along you'll meet so many people yeah he's president right now he's president he's moving up in the world yeah um but uh in all seriousness I do really recommend getting involved um you might think that something sounds weird or strange but um it's getting involved in everything at least trying it once is really the best way to find where you fit in uh the people that you want to uh basically invest your time in um and also really where your passion lies because um even you know I thought where my I knew where my passion lied coming out of high school um and I think oh it's like almost two years later now but that's crazy to think about it time goes fast too um but a couple years later as you grow older and get new experiences your passions start to change and you find them in new spots um and if I went to get involved I don't think I would have recognized that as well um and I wouldn't know I wouldn't have the resources and wouldn't have the connections to be able to um immerse myself in those areas that I truly am passionate about so I definitely recommend getting involved in everything um you'll meet a lot of great people that way it'll open the door for tons of opportunities um and then you'll be able to kind of specialize more in things you're super passionate about and interested in as you go down the road yeah is that like some of your best advice for a freshman uh like coming to coming to the university that's some of my best advice for freshman I would say um gotcha I would say other advice take your classes seriously but not too seriously make make lots of friends uh there's really great people from all over kind of like why I talked about why I love just being involved in student government but really anything is the people you get to meet because there's a there's tremendous people and they all have like really unique characteristics and back stories and things that they're passionate about and reasons why they're passionate about those things connecting with people allows you to hear those stories and it really makes your college experience so much more fulfilling so um I I definitely recommend just meeting as many people as you can and really getting to know them and getting to know I guess what makes them what makes them tick what makes them go so uh I feel like on top of that I would say like get to know your peers but also like as a staff member I'd really encourage you to get to know staff and faculty your professors um because like sometimes it can be a little bit intimidating like I find out that students are like scared of me sometimes like what like Cecily's Cecily's definitely very scary like you can see it so my advice to you is don't be afraid of your professors don't be afraid of staff members just because we're old doesn't mean we're scary um we work through the university because we love students and so like approaches get to know us ask us questions we want to help you and mentor you so that's my other piece of advice going along with getting to know people yes so Cecily to make you seem less scary could you tell us more about like what you do at a university housing and remind us what you do my job is to help make dreams come true like that's my every day um I'm joking but kind of not really I oversee the lead hogs program so a lot of that is like what the lead hogs experience looks like in training the advisors but then I also work with RIC like every day it feels like we respond to the needs that students have um really helping the exec team and helping them lead um the student body well or lead our students who live in our residence hall well and then NRHH is getting to do service and making people happy because you're sending them thank you notes and doing projects for them so um my job is very much back in support for the students that um I advise so um yeah it's it's so it's so great so it's I hear full time 40 hours a week I even live on campus pretty fun so um yeah live in live in the dream awesome gotcha and one last question I had and it's also for people in the chat uh Kale what's your favorite cheese um and everyone in the chat let us know what your favorite cheese is to you I'm not much of a cheese guy but Kale I'm curious to see what you say I'm interested I'm interested here um my favorite kind of cheese is probably Swiss cheese uh my hometown is most known for Swiss cheese uh I like to play I have some in my fridge right now my grandparents brought down so um I'll probably eat that right after I get done with this but it goes good on any sandwich it's just a really good cheese but I love all cheese I'll eat just about any um my hometown has seven cheese factories I think so uh between seven cheese factories they make all sorts of cheese so um Monroe Wisconsin is really the hot spot for cheese if you're a cheese lover uh hit up Monroe um I there's not a better place for cheese gotcha Cameron said he likes mozzarella how do you feel about mozzarella mozzarella is really good because it melts really well on uh pizza um sandwiches anything gotcha so I'm definitely I'm definitely on board mozzarella Cecily what about you favorite cheese oh gosh um I'm kind of a fan of goat cheese lately goat cheese it's like judge time it's real because you guys could have felt the presence of these people um yeah I mean it's good on a lot of things because you haven't made it to goat cheese yet and goat cheese goat cheese goat cheese you have to get this uh like can you get this a walmart or is this like a whole foods kind of thing yeah this is not a whole foods thing you can get a walmart try it out someday guys okay gotcha I was more talking about cheese that comes from cow's milk but oh you're right oh I went outside the rules oh well oh yeah Cecily is making it out all right is there is there a cheese y'all think is overrated cheese y'all think is overrated um let's just say craft singles yes yes craft singles I used to love to make a good thing about good craft singles um but then I realized that that's kind of fake uh my time at the cheese factory working in the lab um gave me some more insight into how that type of cheese gets made so it's kind of steered me away from that I prefer I prefer some other stuff gotcha yeah all right well I think that's all the questions we had thank y'all for talking to us about a student leadership in cheese um we really appreciate the end of your rock star yeah wait to meet you come find us but yeah be sure to um follow uh lead hogs on um I think it's like UA lead hogs I think so yeah follow us yeah there's uh Instagram accounts for uh for all the the leadership organizations out there and be sure to let us know if you have any questions feel free to dms or email us cool great to see y'all I didn't see any of you just kidding great to um talk to you all awesome so thank you guys all right bye y'all


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm Petty Officer Jonathan Pankaw. July 29th marks the 47th anniversary of the fire aboard USS Forestall. In 1967, Forestall was conducting wartime flight operations in the Gulf of Tonkin when a missile accidentally fired across the flight deck and struck a fully loaded jet. 134 sailors were killed during the incident and the ship was nearly destroyed. We had 134 men laying in a temporary morgue in Hangar Bay 1 to never forget, to never forget what we experienced and to remember our shipwrecks. The Navy has changed the way we handle damage control and has built on the lessons learned from the disaster.


When people you care about or love forsake you, it's natural to slink into the corner and lick your wounds for a while. Even though you don't admit it, your pain may have morphed into more deep-seated issues and you find it difficult to trust people. In this video, I will share with you 9 signs you have trust issues. 1. You predict how people will betray you without evidence of betrayal. If you are with someone who has a track record of misdeeds, a lack of trust is appropriate. You should proceed fully aware of his or her potential to be devious. However, many people tend to have trust issues with people who never shown any sign of unworthiness. How do you expect that someone who has never shown any sign for you to doubt him or her will betray you? Well, the best answer is that you are probably holding onto a betrayal from the past and casting it into the perceived future, contaminating the present relationship. Another reason why you would continuously think betrayal is if you have the mind to betray someone, so you believe that everyone is like you. In all, if you always think of people crossing you, then you have trust issues. 2. Your connections are shallow. Are you a kind of person who never gets committed in a relationship for the fear that you might get hurt? Well, the chances are that you suffer from trust issues. So, even if you are a deep thinking and feeling person, you keep your relationships on the surface.  In many cases, you will put on a show to become the kind of person you think others will find lovable or fun to be around. But when the curtain slips and people begin to get close to you and see more of your nature, you might push them away to protect yourself. In this situation, your trust issues dictate how you respond to others. If you do not take out time to sort this issue, you may never get into an intimate relationship and you may end up being lonely at all times. 3. You see genuine mistakes as gross britches of trust. People are imperfect. We all know that. However, if you have trust issues, even though you know that everyone is flawed, you may not be able to tolerate others in perfection. You will see every mistake with prejudice of trust issues.  Rather than chalk it up to an honest mistake or misunderstanding, you see this failure as a sign that he does not see you as worth defending. It feels personal, even if he never intended it that way. And no matter how many times he apologizes or tries to make up for it, you still doubt he loves you enough to have your back. So you keep the walls up and become overtly sensitive of every little thing he does. 4. You seek revenge. Our relationships form a critical piece of who we are. So when we lose them, especially if the fault is not from us, we may flunder on different planes. People with trust issues usually guard themselves as much as they can from getting hurt. However, if per adventure they get hurt, they are vengeful and will seek revenge. Sadly, their revenge is not always targeted to the person that hurt them but to whomever they perceive will hurt them. For instance, when he gets hurt by someone he loves, a person with trust issues will hurt other people who love him and even earn the title player. Though revenge might seem sweet, it's never the answer when your heart is broken because your quest for revenge may hinder you from finding true love and affection. 5. Suspicion. People who have serious trust problems are usually very wary of the actions of other people. For instance, if someone compliments them genuinely, their thought is generally that demand will be placed on them if they accept the compliment. So they will always reply with, what do you want? Instead of responding with a thank you, their fears sometimes make people around them see threats through a magnifying lens. For a scared person, any unexplained action good or bad becomes like pressure to them and uncertainty is always given a negative meaning. Being excessively suspicious of other people's act at all times is a sign that you have trust issues. 6. You don't delegate tasks. People might not want to delegate tasks to others for various reasons but one common reason is a lack of trust. When a person develops trust issues, they fear losing control to any other person and this is why they hardly delegate any tasks to them. Also, people with trust issues hardly trust anyone to handle things as well as they do, so they would instead carry functions by themselves. As a leader, if you find it challenging to delegate activities to your team members, then chances are that you have trust issues. 7. You are always thinking of the worst case scenario. One analogy that explains the perspective from which people view life is the half glass of water illustration. While the optimistic individuals sees a half glass cup as half full, the pessimistic sees it as half empty. Whereas to the pragmatic, the water should be drunk already. Skeptical individuals usually have trust issues and negativity is one attitude portrayed by them. Rather than be appreciative and hope for the best, they would instead imagine how it would be if things go wrong. Indeed, it is essential to put both the good and bad consequences into consideration while making decisions. However, individuals with trust issues will only picture the worst case scenario. If you are always the one to predict the negative results from situations, you probably are not just being careful, as you may think, but you have trust issues. 8. You are perceived as self-righteous and unforgiven. Do you intend to forgive others and move on?  Do you find it difficult to let go of hurts to the extent that you keep reminding yourself and even the people who hurt you how they have made you feel? Well, people who have trust issues often make themselves appear like saints while they make others feel terrible. They never stop talking about people's mistakes, even when amendments have been made. Constantly reminding of their past failures and always comparing your good deeds with other people's wrongs shows that you have trust issues. 9. Happy relationships trigger feelings of emptiness or despair. Have you ever walked past a happy couple laughing over dinner and reasoned? How do they do it?  Your thought is that every relationship ends in separation, so you would rather be alone. However, most times this fear of intimacy may be because you imagine a similar scene with you and someone you once trusted. If thoughts about your past relationship make you feel empty, disappointed and tired, then you most likely have trust issues. Trust issues may be your number one obstacle to connection, warmth and intimacy. You need to heal and learn to start trusting again. In American journalist Ernest Hemingway's words, the best way to find out if you can trust somebody is to trust them.


This video is an introduction to our combat lifesaver program. The purpose of this video is not to teach you how to implement these skills, but to give you an introduction so that you'll be interested in coming to our class where you will learn how to implement these skills. The Army developed the combat lifesaver program to prevent deaths that were occurring on the battlefield by providing point of wound care, either self care or buddy care. Part of the doctrine costs for regular non-medical soldiers to be given training in providing additional emergency care to wounded soldiers beyond the first aid that is normally taught as part of basic training. What was happening was soldiers were dying on the battlefield before they could get to a field hospital or before a medic could get to them. And the Army discovered that if they taught soldiers this care, lives could be saved. The Army found out that the primary causes of preventable death on the battlefield were hemorrhage from an extremity counting for 60% of the preventable deaths, tension pneumothorax accounting for 33% of the preventable deaths, and airway problems accounting for 7%. So the CLS program concentrates on these skills. Alright, nasopharyngeal airway, someone's unconscious, you want to use this to prevent breathing problems later on. Or someone's having trouble breathing, gurgling sounds, obviously having trouble getting air, then you use this. We don't recommend you use this on a conscious person generally because it's kind of painful going up to nose and unconscious people don't complain as much, sorry. So you move it from the back, lubricate it, expose the opening of the nostril and insert the tip of the airway right into the right nostril with bevel facing the septum. Alright, here's a picture of it. Common blockage of the airway is the tongue.  And as you can see right here, this is where the tongue, this is the tongue right here, where it would slide back and this just maintains that airway. Okay, next is, I'm going to cover here is hemorrhage from an extremity. This is the big one. 100% arterial bleeding from an arm or a leg, alright. We go over different ways to control bleeding, direct pressure, emergency or Israeli bandage, digital pressure, pressure points, splints, combat gauze and we determine if a tourniquet is required. You want to start with a simpler procedure first. If direct pressure would take care of the bleeding, then that's what you want to do. If that doesn't, you want to move to more advanced methods of stopping it. An attorney could, of course, will stop all blood flow to the limb. Alright, one of the ingredients in your IFAC is Israeli bandage. It's all wrapped up sterile like this. You don't want to open it if you have one in your IFAC, you don't want to open it. Alright, but this is what an open one looks like and sterile pad, you place this also once on the bleeding side, he's bleeding right here, place that on there, run it through here. This is the pressure bar, put pressure on the point, then you finish wrapping it up. See, this is how easy it is to use it if you know what you're doing. And this little device right here, just clips on there to hold it. My helper here, that's what you get for sitting close to me. Alright. Anyway, here are the directions. Like I said in the class, we go over this in detail. We're not going to go over the detail here. Alright, another item of sitting in here is combat gauze. It's in a sterile package. It has a clotting formula. It has a chemical in the pad that stops bleeding. Alright, so this is for serious bleeding. This is good if you have like a hole in someone, blood is gushing through there. If you can wipe the blood out, pack this in against the bleeding artery. And then you've got to hold it, key, because you've got to hold it for three minutes to allow the clotting agent to work. And of course, the cat, or the tourniquet that we use. And I won't put this in the sorry. That's okay. We have a time factor here, so I won't go into this. But of course, we did go into this in the class in detail. This is a very, very important part. The tourniquet we recommend is the cat tourniquet or combat application tourniquet. Alright, now moving on here. One thing that can happen is a penetrating chest wound. It can happen by many different kinds of mechanisms. One thing, since we all have guns in here. We like to go out hunting and cheating. And so a gunshot wound is a definite possibility. So what are you going to do if someone gets a gunshot wound to the chest? Alright, the first thing you want to do now is holding their chest. This is another product that's in the IFAC, the chest seal. Again, it's sterile. You open this and you patch the hole. And you check, always check for an exit wound. Because often there's an exit wound, not always. The exit wound is sometimes the worst one. If it's the worst one, then you want to use this on the worst one. Alright, and if you only have one and you have two, you can always just tear this open and just use this right here to seal it. Just taping, you know, put this over the hold and take it around the forehead. Okay. Now, this is to prevent a pneumothorax as air into the chest cavity. And pneumothorax is another, maybe 33%. We learn how to relieve attention pneumothorax. Say if you don't get the chest seal on there in time. Or you can still develop a pneumothorax even with the chest seal. Because air can come in through an injured lung. But anyway, pneumothorax basically has a hole in the chest right here. Air comes in and air gets between the lung and the chest wall. Alright, then this fills up with air and then that starts putting pressure on the lung and the person can't breathe and also puts pressure on the heart. And it's definitely a life-threatening situation. Alright, the solution to that is needle decompression. Another one of the products is in your IFAC. And it's a three and a quarter inch needle with a catheter on it. And we teach you how to locate the right place, insert this in, pull the needle out, leave the catheter in. And this allows the air to escape from the lung. Not something I'd recommend you try without training. And that's why you should come take our combat life saver class. Alright, that's the end of this introduction. Alright, here again is the information if you want to get on our list to be notified of when the next one we teach. It's right here at St. Louis Oath Keepers dot info. Or you can also just get involved with those keepers or the Missouri militia and you'll find out when the next one is. Okay, moving on.


City-wide power outage in Durban Vast swathes of the Ethiquinie municipality are without power as part of a city-wide blackout on Wednesday. Ethiquinie municipality spokesperson Gugu Cecilina said technicians were still investigating the cause of the outage which downed lines from Tong-8 to Imansum Toti. They are investigating the cause of the power failure and we are still waiting for the data regarding which areas have been affected she said. The municipality's electricity fault hotline crashed after it was flooded with calls in the wake of the major power outage. The call center is flooded with calls and the phones are ringing off the hook. We are trying to reach them as well Cecilina said. She would not be drawn to comment on a viral WhatsApp message that a substation in Marianne Hill had blown up resulting in the city-wide outage.


Welcome to Toffee TV. It is the Everton News Daily. This video is brought to you in association with the Athletic, where you can get a seven day free trial plus 50% off your yearly subscription to the Athletic. They have great writers like Paddy Boyland and Greg O'Keefe Everton designated writers. No clicks, no pop-up ads at all, and lots of writers from the world of sport reporting real stories. So check it out, why not? There's nothing better to do at the moment than read a lot of stuff. Check that out, the link is in the description of course below. Everton have arranged for Morgan Snidlin to see a knee surgeon via Zoom. Dany Donoghi has revealed to evertonfc.com the lens that the club is having to go to make sure that the players receive the correct treatment they need, see the people they need to see as well as the players keeping up. Snidlin, recovering from knee surgery, would have had a lot of hands on work by now revealed Donoghi and said that he will have to have a session with his surgeon on Zoom. Donoghi will also be on that as well, but what the hope to happen there is then be able to give Snidlin exercises for him to do from there based in line with the surgeon's view on how it's gone. It must be really frustrating for Snidlin to have had that up and then not be able to be getting that instant aftercare from the physios like he would have normally, but this is what's happening throughout the world now, the way it is, so everton having to cope as well with that. Dany Donoghi also said that he does one-to-ones with Snidlin most days to check on his mental health. Very similar of course with Sieng Tolson who was back at the club after doing his ACL in while training with Crystal Palace, he was on a half-season loan rather before the injury and he's in a similar position. What Donoghi did say was that Tolson wouldn't have had much weight bear on work, so he hasn't really missed that much other than the hands-on aftercare from the physios, but again any updates he'll be getting will be via Skype or Zoom. Donoghi also gave an update on John Philip Gabbaman who's another long-term player who's injured. He says his injury is easier to treat and Adam Newell, the physiotherapist looking after him, checks with him every day as a training schedule to follow and does that but he's not in the same position as the other two. Of course Gabbaman had a minor surgery to remove scar tissue from the original operation which was causing some discomfort, so hopefully he can get back up to speed as soon as possible, seeing as being a write-off for the £25m of field that we bought from Mines. Donoghi also went on to say that the players have been divided up into small groups and will be looked after by a member of the coaching staff. Donoghi has four players in his, all players have to do a weekly log where it's monitored by the physios to see what shape they're in. But each session has to be tailored to suit the players, so a little bit of insight in how Everton are coping with the lockdown there. Apparently John Joe Kenny wants to stay at Schalke, that is according to the German press. They've reported that Kenny has told the Schalke hierarchy he'd be happy to stay and remain in Germany, whether that be another year loan or a permanent deal. It's unknown, the German side reportedly are a bit frustrated that they haven't got a purchase option in the original deal with Everton, because Kenny has done really well for them this season. Apparently he has fallen in love with Schalke, excuse me, and raved to Schalke McField at Western McKenney that he wanted to stay at Schalke. One deal Everton could do is save, do you want to do a swap deal with McKenney? They can keep John Joe Kenny and we will have Western McKenney come to us because he's a fantastic young prospect as well, excellent McField player. Everton today, the daily link with a Napoli player sees us linked with Arcadius Millich today. Each got 27 goals in 55 games under Carlo Ancelotti, Calcio Mercato reporting that a fee of around £31m would see the 26-year-old Polish striker move to Godderson Park. He had been linked with us when Ronald Cooman was here before he left Holland and went to Napoli, but this link has come back. It seems a daily link with the Napoli players just continues.  Everton is also very interested in Leo Winger, Jonathan Iconi. He's listed for around £30m to £40m by Le Quyptique Foot, the French outlet. A 21-year-old former Paris Saint-Germain, Winger has four goals and seven assists for Leo. He's been in excellent form for them very, very quick. Manchester United also credited with an interest in the Winger as well. Everton very interested in, obviously, Gabrielli plays for Leo and Bubacardi Samari, who I'd said yesterday as well, sent him a field player, but today is the turn of Iconi, so there you go. Make sure you check out the Athletics Seven Day Trial. Why wouldn't you? Have a look at it, see if it's for you. You get 50% off the yearly subscription should you stick around. Make sure you subscribe to our channel. Give this video a big thumbs up and if you want more videos, join us over on Patreon. See you later.


John. Last speaker in this session demanding the circular economy is Rosalind Skillen. Rosalind joined Keep Northern Ireland Beautiful in February of this year, having studied French and Spanish in Cambridge. She seeks to demonstrate how communication, creativity and storytelling can help address the climate crisis. She campaigns with various charities and businesses in Northern Ireland to advocate for strong environmental policy and to promote climate action and she communicates on environmental and social issues in her weekly column in the Belfast Telegraph. Thank you so much for inviting me today. Thank you, John. And I'm just going to offer a few reflections on these two things that kind of came through. So reality and opportunity and I think today we've talked a lot about reality and for a lot of people here it was really refreshing to see that it was really striking in some ways this idea of disrupting the status quo and we don't hear a lot about that. So when I was reading the report, the report I was really encouraged by that and this idea that we cannot continue with cultural addiction to consumerism and I feel like a lot of people have already said this just elevates the conversation and takes us to kind of a new realm of understanding like it's going to mean a lot less driving, a lot less flying, lower meat and dairy consumption, more walking and cycling and in some ways for people who may be like less familiar with climate that's a really hard pill to swallow. I think and that's where the second part of the report for me was so helpful in the sense of opportunity. So trying to move away from this green austerity narrative which environmentalists are sometimes guilty of in terms of what we have to give up and what we have to lose in this new sustainable future and instead asking the question about what we have to gain and I think that's so valuable because the transition to sustainable future is going to entail so many different ways of living but in my view this is going to be a better quality of life for most people. It's going to mean clean air, improved health and well-being, enhanced connection to the world around us and to each other and a more democratised localised production of food and energy for example. So I think in so many ways as a lot of people have already mentioned including Peter earlier the report challenges us to use values in order to engage different audiences about how to transform this reality into the realm of opportunity and to make the hard pill to swallow in some ways easier to hear, to say, to understand and a lot of the work that I do I work with loads of different groups and I've learnt quite a lot about how to yeah change your communication style I know Jo was talking about that earlier but for example for the environmental charity I work for in community gardens the people are not there to like increase biodiversity or reduce carbon a lot of them are there because they're really lonely because they've got per levels of mental health and well-being so a lot of the time we're promoting community gardens and climate action then through the lens of health and well-being or maybe social inclusion or cohesion and then if I'm talking to a faith group you're trying to tailor the message not necessarily to do with the climate science but more with the values and principles of justice and compassion talking about stewardship and creation care and then maybe if you're talking to a business it's about green jobs and the fact that more young people are interested in ASG environmental social governance and I think the report highlights as well the nexus between health and climate which I think is really interesting it talks about even the richest people can't say that they don't care about health and when I was at the climate strike in Dublin a few weeks ago I found it really interesting that the Irish doctors for the environment were there and they were talking about how the climate crisis is going to impact people's health no one wants to breathe in dirty air so again I think there's just so many different lenses through which we can land this message that are really effective but I think the big challenge we're environmentalists and for people in this room is relating the environment to everyday concerns so like jobs skills food in a way that engages more people and it shows us that tackling the climate crisis and tackling inequality aren't mutually exclusive so it's this challenge in a way to mainstream environmental concerns and I think when we frame the climate crisis in terms of people's values we start to explore the more emotional aspects of what moves people to take action so in many ways like the head the heart and the hands so the logical out workings of why we need to take action the science behind it that's the head the heart landing the message more effectively in terms of values like adhering to what they bold in terms of their value systems and their beliefs and then that mobilizes the hands that enables people to take action so the head the heart and the hands are so so important and I just want to conclude by saying what this report makes so obvious and it was highlighted this morning is that all of this is a political choice and I feel like so often it feels like this is happening to us and we don't have a sense of agency but it's really important to remember that none of this is inevitable and it's a result of private interest being privileged over public interest and symptomatic of how vested interests are so so embedded into our political systems and I know we talked about the aviation industry and the fossil fuel industry who like both of which have a really long history of shaping government policy to sit their interests but we need to remember that insufficient solutions to climate change are not solutions and the gap not only as the report highlights between reality and opportunity but between reality and ambition are both getting larger and I think that we can no longer afford to see climate change as a 2030 or a 2050 problem as people highlighted this morning Ireland was the second country in the world to declare a state of emergency in 2019 about the climate crisis and I'm sure a lot of people are asking how their lives have changed in any significant meaningful way it doesn't feel like we're living in a state of emergency so I guess to close I think we really need to respond to the climate and nature crises as our for our lives depended on it because they do


The Crane Meadows Wildlife Refuge spent the weekend reaching out to the community of one of its biggest annual events for this week's Northwoods adventure. Clayton Castle takes us to Habitat Day. Children and adults made their way to the Crane Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in Little Falls on Saturday morning for the 18th Annual Habitat Day, learning more about wildlife and the environment. 18 years ago we decided to have an event for the public and we built a few boxes in a shop here, dirt floor and it was sportsmen's clubs and the Fish and Wildlife Service and the DNR came together and we pooled some funds and bought some lumber and that's how it originally started and now the event is an over $20,000 event at this point and we've had over 700 people here today. Kids took part in a number of activities including shooting practice at the education range. I hit one right here and then I hit one like in the mouth kind of. And of course there was the building of the bird houses. It's an event that we hold for families to come out and build bluebird houses and wood duck boxes and they build them here, there's kits, there's 400 available and they get to take them home and put them up on their own property. While the activities were geared towards kids, the adults also were able to take part in the fun. I made a bluebird house and also we made a wood duck house. It's got a lake lot last year so we're putting the wood duck houses out there and the bluebird houses that go across the road from our house and the woods or near the woods. Habitat Day has had an impact on the people who stopped by, people young and old who love nature and love the environment. This is our third time and we really enjoy it, I really love my birds, the birds and the wood ducks and the ducks and I just feel like I like to do my part for the environment. We've had wood duck houses out for five or six years now and we've had several wood ducks in them coming and going every year. The weather's nice, you can look for eggs and stuff like that and get a little money. Reporting in Little Falls for this week's Northwoods Adventure Clayton Castle, Lakeland News. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Hello, my name is Alex Putkov. I'm a developer advocate at Digital Asset, leading provider of enterprise distributed ledger technology, a company that's changing how businesses and markets interact. Today I'm going to talk about how to build a global economic network for Web3 by enabling composable applications. Building composable applications is a key requirement for any ecosystem to thrive and grow organically. Do smart contracts and blockchains have a role to play in building composable applications and architecture to form the building blocks of the next generation of global economic network where transactions and assets flow seamlessly across organizational and national boundaries? In this presentation, you'll see real-world examples of how this is happening today with DEML, Digital Asset's core technology that is used by numerous institutions, including Goldman Sachs, that's utilizing DEML to develop its end-to-end asset tokenization infrastructure. Hong Kong is changed. That's using DEML to build the next generation security settlement platform connecting Hong Kong and Western markets to mainland China. Expensive, the global marketplace for transacting data-driven commodity products that recently got a $400 million investment from Blackstone and that is creating the ESG or environmental social and governance-inclusive commodities markets of the future with DEML. Composability has numerous facets. For most people, when they hear the word composability, they think modularity, the architecture that consists of reusable building blocks. The concept of modular software dates back to the dawn of the software era. It's always been there. Today, it can be applied to applications which historically involved from monoliths, the services, to microservices. Open Source has been a great facilitator of modularity encouraging developers to work on shared projects which are then used by many more developers as building blocks for their projects. It can be applied to infrastructure which evolved from centralized client server architecture in the 80s and 90s to distributed application server in 0s and 10s to decentralized serverless and containers architecture in the 10s and 20s, and which is now heading towards adding virtual shared system of record based on DLT. When the modular architecture gives rise to new applications that doesn't require a foundation to be upgraded or changed, then we have a truly composable architecture. Gartner published a white paper where they introduced the term packaged business capabilities. Their research suggests that the winning organizations of the future will be the ones that are organized around producing packaged business capabilities, which can be composed to create desired business outcomes. What would allow these packaged business capabilities to be composable? Since businesses cannot live in isolation, the whole economy is a complex interaction of countless business entities. The composability of packaged business capabilities requires architecture that can support multi-party applications. The next evolution of composability is making applications multi-party ready and extensible. Multi-party applications are apps that require sharing data across organizational boundaries. An example is any app that facilitates B2B financial transactions. The current stock of multi-party apps is typically built as bespoke workflows with various entities having different data models and their own silos for their system of records. This results in massive reconciliation problem between organizations. There's also the competing issues of trust, transparency, privacy, and scalability or throughput to deal with when building or operating such systems. For single-party composable applications, microservices is the choice of technology today. The microservices architecture on a public network is optimized for composable and distributed reading. It works great for apps that need to read data from multiple sources. Microservices architecture is, unfortunately, not optimized for composable and distributed writing. For apps that need to write and share data across organizational boundaries, microservices architecture is of little help. The requirement to share data across organizational boundaries raises the issues of trust and privacy, neither of which is addressed by microservices architecture. Today, applications that facilitate workflows spanning multiple organizations are typically built on some sort of messaging infrastructure. Each party maintains its own records of transaction and state. These records are synchronized using some kind of messaging scheme. Since this approach is inherently not fail-safe, it results in disputes between the parties and necessitates expensive reconciliation of mismatched records. According to a Pricewaterhouse-Cooper's report from 2017, 25% of a typical finance team's time is spent on non-value-add reconciliation activities. And this number is much higher for industries with large back office operations such as financial services. For instance, Broderage estimates that 30% to 40% of total back office labor costs is spent on reconciliation. There are further challenges with messaging-based synchronization. It's hard to maintain atomicity of transaction, which is essential for DVP or delivery versus payment workflows. This leads to increased counterparty business risks that are expensive to mitigate. Many of the problems I mentioned could be addressed if there was a single source of truth between organizations, thus eliminating the need for reconciliation. However, having a centralized storage of business transaction records is not a realistic option in most cases. This is not a technical or technological challenge. It's a challenge of decentralized markets, which in most cases cannot be centralized. This is where distributed ledger technologies hold promise in addressing the significant issue of multiparty workflows trust and reconciliation of records. Blockchains allow for decentralized and trustless interactions. Using applications running on decentralized and synchronized ledger, organizations can stay in sync with each other without having to maintain individual silos or a single centralized data store. There are numerous challenges which have been affecting the enterprise adoption of DLT. The one that we don't think has been sufficiently addressed yet is data security and privacy, which means that only the part is required to see the data, should be able to see it. In countless business workflows, a mission critical requirement is to distribute data on a strict need-to-know basis. Consider, for example, a very simple financial transaction where a seller sells to the buyer 100 shares affecting me. The settlement of this transaction requires the transfer of ownership of stocks from the seller to the buyer, and the cash transfer from the buyer to the seller. Apart from the buyer and the seller that are privy to all the details of this transaction, other parties involved in the settlement are, at the very minimum, the securities depository and a bank. In this business transaction, the share and the cash transfers should be processed atomically so that the entire transaction could either succeed as a whole or fail as a whole. The state where the shares have been transferred and the cash hasn't or vice versa should never be possible. In other words, this operation should be committed to the ledger as a single transaction. However, the bank should only be able to see that the buyer transfers to the seller $12,000, and the depository should only know that the seller transfers to the buyer 100 shares affecting me. The depository in the bank should not be privy to any other details of this business transaction. This example illustrates the need to have privacy enabled on a sub-transaction level. A system where all transaction details are revealed to all parties in the transaction cannot facilitate this essential business workflow. This is also a hugely simplified example. In real world, there are many more parties representing layers and layers of intermediaries involved in such a transaction. And unless privacy is built into the core semantics of the system, ensuring the correct functioning of privacy restrictions in such a system is incredibly difficult, I'd say, bordering on impossible. Once the issue of privacy is addressed, DLT has enormous potential for multi-party applications as it provides the single source of truth in a trustless environment, eliminating the need for reconciliation. Now, what about building composable applications and workflows on such an infrastructure? What are the requirements that we need to consider for enabling composable workflows for multi-party business applications? The primary requirements for composability are the ability to share data across organizational boundaries, preserve privacy and authorization rules, maintain trusted immutable ledger of records so that the history of committed transactions is preserved to avoid any conflicts or disagreements when multiple parties are engaged in business, and applications that can interact with the ledger and build on each other's capabilities without upgrading or re-architecting the underlying layers. We can accomplish this by introducing the concept of networks of participants nodes and domains that constitute the network and smart contracts that implement the business logic of transactions between the parties. This is where technology such as Damol and Canton can play a leading role. Damol is a programming language for building smart contract applications focused on business transactions workflows, and Canton is a privacy-enabled distributed ledger protocol for distributing data, trust, and execution order that can operate independently or with blockchains. Using Damol and Canton, you can build multi-party back-end Damol applications running with different storages. You can create front-end applications for each participant integrated with participants other applications and systems. Adding new applications and participants makes the applications composable. Adding new Canton domains makes the network composable. Now let's look a little closer at Damol and Canton. Damol is an open-source, domain-specific programming language which is purposely built to create and operate smart contracts. It's a functional programming language which bodes well for implementing atomic transactions that facilitate workflows like DVP or delivery versus payment and PVP payment versus payment. It's based on Haskell, which is a tried and tested functional programming language that's been around for decades. Damol adds primitives that define and enforce the schema, semantics, and execution of transactions between parties. It allows to codify programmatically enforced contractual rights and obligations between parties. Damol privacy model, which extends to the sub-transaction level on the ledger, mathematically guarantees that parties are only private to the date on the ledger that has been shared with them. For every smart contract on the ledger, Damol calculates the precise list of parties allowed to view this contract. Canton is a Damol ledger interoperability and synchronization protocol. Different Damol-based ledger instances can interoperate using the Canton synchronization protocol. They can be merged and transformed. Never is can afford or locking, as they're always part of one virtual global ledger. Digital assets and workflows can flow freely between the ledgers. And Canton synchronization protocol ensures that the ledger is always in a valid state. And corrupted state never occurs even in the presence of malicious actors. Canton is built around the principle of data minimization and the right to forget. As a result, Canton is always GDPR compliant. Canton has no upper bound on how many transactions per second it can process. It can be scaled to achieve any transaction process in speed. And Canton's topology can be extended without friction with new parties, ledgers, and applications, building on other applications without requiring a central managing entity or global consensus within the network. In Canton, parties can create or participate distributed workflows written in demo. A party can be a legal entity, a physical person, or just one of many accounts for a person or an entity. Parties register with one or more participant nodes. And nodes can host multiple parties and facilitate party access to the ledger. Every node can connect through Canton to multiple demo ledgers. And each demo ledger instance is called a domain in Canton. A domain can be implemented in different ways, depending on the trust requirements. For low trust requirements, it can be implemented on a distributed ledger or on enclaves. Or it can be implemented in a centralized way if a trusted operator exists. All transactions data transferred between participant nodes is end-to-end encrypted and only selectively shared with other participant nodes on a strict need-to-node basis. The domains do not learn the transaction's content. And also, Canton guarantees the integrity of ledgers even in the presence of malicious participants. Furthermore, any party can extend the ledger at any time without adversely impacting others. Participant nodes can at any point choose to connect to multiple domains and transfer workflows between those domains. Therefore, domains do not impose hard boundaries. And participant nodes effectively participate in a virtual global ledger, which is composed of all existing domains. The virtual global ledger is the underlying concept. It doesn't exist physically, but it is the result of the Canton synchronization protocol that provides the integrity, privacy, auditability, and transparency guarantees. Demo and Canton digital assets core technologies enable the interface across networks. They provide a platform for building multiparty applications that can run seamlessly across infrastructures with different trust properties, backed by databases, private or public blockchains. It is the first system to fulfill the key requirement of a network of networks for transfer of value in global commerce, which leads to our vision, the global economic network of seamlessly interconnected businesses. Sounds too good to be true? Well, our vision is not a pie in the sky. It is happening today. One example of the evolution in composable applications for global economic network is the Australian stock exchange and their newest DLT as a service platform, Symphony. Modern exchange operators position themselves as infrastructure providers for financial markets. ASX is replacing its aging system known as chess, which provides clearing and settlement for the entire Australian exchange traded securities market with a new system built with Demo. While this alone will hugely improve the efficiency of ASX operations, with Symphony platform built on Demo, ASX achieved a foray into numerous potential new lines of business that are not available to any other exchange operator in the world today. Other vendors can develop customized and composable applications that run on Symphony, offering service to other participants and parties who are part of this network. For example, KPMG is using Symphony to help create and operate new South Wales government's building assurance solution that provides a trustworthy index for buildings based on the source and the quality of materials and contractors used in its construction. This will enable interested parties to distinguish between compliant resilient buildings and non-compliant problematic buildings. Other solutions being built on Symphony include an application that automates off-market transfers in the equities market by Broadridge, an ownership register for private companies by Boulevard, and Drawbridge, a RageTech application that helps companies reduce employee and directors securities trading risks by automating the approval process developed by DigitalX. This allows us to take a glimpse into the future. Digital asset were delivering value today by providing virtual shared system of record that eliminate the needs, eliminate core problems caused by data and process silos, and allow creating multi-party applications where parties can rely on a single source of truth for business transaction records where sensitive data is distributed on a strict need-to-know basis. And our vision for the future is a global economic network of seamlessly interconnected businesses, a network that not only builds economic value, but it also enables it to flow freely, securely, and with strict privacy across interconnected systems. Thank you very much for your attention. I encourage you to visit our booth upstairs. I'll be up there and my colleagues as well. So come and talk to us. Thank you.


Hi, thank you. I'm Michael Morrissey, the founder of Muck Rock, and it's a real pleasure to be speaking here today. Not the least of which is because at least two of the organizations represented as speakers today have helped keep me out of jail over the years, including the Berkman Center, which provided a legal referral shortly after we started the website and the state threatened to send me to jail for publishing information they gave me. So thank you for those who helped and thank you to everybody else for listening. Muck Rock is a nonprofit based just down the street. We're based in Harvard Square. We are founded in 2010. We've helped about 4,000 people across the country file over 25,000 public records requests and freedom of information requests. We're the single largest non-governmental repository in the U.S. of people's complete public records requests. We've worked with over 6,000 different agencies, agencies, tiny towns in Kansas, CAA, FBI. We kind of handle public records requests at all levels of government. I hear a lot that public records in FOIA doesn't work for people. We've helped to release over a million pages of original government records. That pace of release is doubling roughly every year. So we started, like I said, in 2010 with a very simple idea. What if we made the public records process nice? Has everybody in the room filed a public records request before? All right. That's actually about maybe a third of people. When I go into an average newsroom, it's actually fewer percentage than that of reporters have actually filed a public records request these days. And what we hear is that journalists are using this process less and less. The public is really struggling with this process. And we hear that's too complicated and too slow and too burdensome. But when you go back, and we actually did this, when you go back and you look at the decades of investigative reporting that has made a difference, the kinds of reporting that has changed laws or changed policies, the kinds of reporting that has righted wrongs, when you go back and you look at that reporting, disproportionate amount of it is based on public records, government documents. And most of the time, those documents aren't made public through leaks. Those documents aren't made public through something that's kind of somebody meeting in a garage somewhere and handing over documents. Most of the time, those documents are received through public records and Freedom Information Act requests. And so when we looked at sort of what we could do to help have an impact and improve government transparency, to improve reporting, to improve the public's trust in government, we came back again and again to the Freedom Information Act with a real desire to kind of make it accessible and easier for journalists to use. And over the years, we've kind of had a lot of newsrooms come and use our site. So Muckrock is an open platform. Anybody can sign up. We have newsrooms all over the country and all over the world that use us to kind of get documents out of the government. And we absolutely love those users. But earlier, I said we've had about almost 4,000 users, maybe 500 of our users are journalists. So that kind of raises another question, sort of, who are those like 3,700 or so other users who are not journalists? Well, let's take a step back. Muckrock's original idea, our original goal was sort of not to be sort of a nonprofit transparency organization, but to be a business and a tool that we'd sell to newsrooms. That was sort of our original business plan. We're going to sell to newspapers. We started in 2010. We'd sell all these licenses, be a nice B2B company, and retire after a few years. As anybody who's ever worked with a newspaper recently knows, that's a really terrible business plan. Newspapers aren't really spending money on tools. They're not really spending money on litigating employee requests. They're certainly not going to pay for software so that a junior reporter can go out and manage their public records requests more easily. So we had started the site. Our plan totally backfired when we actually asked newsrooms to pay. A lot of the newsrooms were like, well, will you pay us to use your site? And we said, that's not a good model for us either. And we were about to give up. And then we noticed something interesting. We noticed that even though newsrooms weren't using us, even though we had a really hard time getting into those traditional newspapers that we had hoped to make money off of, we had other types of users coming to the site and doing some really cool things with public records. We had activists. We had sort of academic researchers. We had all these other groups that we traditionally don't think about when it comes to public records who are using the site to dig up information about their government and get information out there. So one of the things about Muck Rock is when you file a request by default, that whole request is public. So traditionally, journalists are very private about what they do. They don't want to share their information. For a lot of the groups that came and started using our site, they saw that publicness as an asset. So if you're an activist and you can say, hey, follow along. I just filed a request with the mayor over these documents and you can show people your work. That encourages and builds a community around it. And so all these things that traditional newsrooms saw as impediments, sort of these new types of requests are saw as real value. And what we found was that these were people who sort of traditional journalism wasn't talking to them. Traditional journalism wasn't interested in their issues. And public records request allowed them to kind of get their story out there in a way that otherwise they just couldn't. And so some of our users were, maybe they were an activist who had sort of a fringe idea about surveillance. And so they'd file a request with their local town and then get documents that nobody would have expected them to get. Some of our users were actually worked in government. We had whistleblowers sign up and use the site. They knew where a document was, but they didn't want to get in trouble. And so they filed requests with their own department to get documents out there. And so kind of seeing this, we sort of launched a series of sort of crowdsourcing projects. One of our first was called the drone census, where we actually asked the public to kind of say, Hey, is your local town or city using unmanned aerial vehicles? And so this was a few years ago, drones are sort of a new idea. And we saw a lot of drone usage overseas, but nobody was really talking about it domestically. And so we sort of invited the public, Hey, file, give us your town's police information, we'll file public records request for you. And the results were fascinating. We found that the main state police had bought a drone from a local radio shack and was flying it around and experimenting with it. San Diego got back to us and said, We have no drone. But then a separate request filed with Seattle showed a contract signed by San Diego's chief of police asking for a drone. And by inviting the public into this process, we got all sorts of really wonderful, interesting results that traditional media just wasn't looking at. More recently, we've done a crowdsource project with a group called Campaign Zero that is looking at police reform. And one of the things they're really interested in is sort of getting information about sort of what are the underlying causes of violent interactions between police and particularly minority communities. And so one of the things they sort of asked for is all around the country, they filed about 100 different public records request for use of force policies. So before now, we've talked a lot about use of force, we talked about when is force justified or unjustified? They methodically went ask their public, ask their community, help us file these requests. And then once they got up 100 different copies of local use of force policies, they were able to compare and actually show for the first time, Hey, if your policy includes this provision, there's a small like less likely chance that somebody's going to die in a police interaction. And so by inviting the public in to these projects by inviolate by bringing in communities that aren't traditionally seen as public records request users, we have we found we can have a real impact on the public discussion. Recently, and we've we sort of started increasing the use of these crowdsourcing campaigns. We just launched this one a couple weeks ago, asking how local police departments are using social media monitoring. After some records request released, after some records released as part of this project, Geofedia, which was a major social media surveillance company, had its licenses revoked by Twitter. So these kinds of projects, traditional media isn't looking at it. It's all driven by sort of an audience that really cares about what's going on, has a huge impact. Some of these projects have had big results. One of the things we talked about is a project that started with one random users request asking about 1033 gear going to local police departments, sort of spawned one of our reporters, Sean Musgrave in the audience to kind of do a national project, looking at sort of what is each police department getting under these military grants. And sure enough, we had local schools getting grenade launchers. We had small towns getting sort of armored vehicles. And after this came out through these public records request, these programs were reformed. We've also had some various surveillance programs in Boston and Seattle and other cities canceled after regular citizens filed requests, got information released and brought to public scrutiny things that were otherwise secret. And then we've also done work on private prison, prison privatization and other issues that are really tough, tough, broad issues for traditional media entities to grapple with. But when you have a lot of really engaged citizens working online together, collaboratively, you can have a big impact. One of the other groups recently last last year, two years ago, the Boston Olympic bids, there was a lot of sort of public interest in getting the Olympics hosted here in Boston, and a group of sort of grassroots users, they were not part of the media, they were not part of any sort of formal traditional request or entity. They asked the city of Boston, hey, we want to see your Olympic bid. One of the sites built into one of the features built into our site is a crowdfunding feature. And so when the city came back and said, that's going to cost thousands and thousands of dollars if you want to know what's going on with the Olympics, within a few hours, people submitting contributions of $25, $40 actually raised all that money and made that public. That wouldn't have been possible under traditional public records process. But because things are going online, because you have these communities that can develop very quickly, you have greater transparency, greater accountability. So some of the things we've learned over this process of working with thousands of different users, of working with groups across the country, is how important that it is to enshrine that public records is a right. I think one of the things we've seen is that police departments in particular, but also a lot of government entities are starting to treat requesters like they're doing them a favor by handling their public records process. Like agencies are doing their user a favor when they're responding to your FOIA. If I got a parking ticket and I did not pay that parking ticket for several years, I would have a lot of fines and agencies would not take too kindly to that. But when a requester files a request and then waits years and years, there's almost never a penalty for the agency. There's very little recourse for requesters to kind of push for that. And one of the things is that we're seeing increasingly agencies and government officials are treating public records request as if it's a privilege that they can kind of give out at their whim and not a right and a responsibility they have for the public. Public records work shouldn't require lawsuits. I think one of the things we've seen over the past few years, I think three of the past public records talks I've given to people got on stage and said public records doesn't work unless you sue. And that's just not true. And I think that's a very discouraging message. And I think that's a very pessimistic standard to hold our government officials to when it comes to public access and transparency. We filed about 25,000 requests. We've sued over about three of them. And in those three cases we've sued. We haven't yet gotten any documents. We've been promised documents, but you haven't even actually got them yet. Public records does work. The Freedom Information Act does work. It has challenges. It needs improvements. But when we tell people that public records is something you need a lot of degree to access when FOIA is something that only sort of a few people can use that really breaks down a central part of our open democratic process. And finally, one of the things that I would really like folks to think about is sort of ways to make the public records process more positive. One of the things we've seen, particularly at the state and local level, but even at the federal level, is that the Freedom Information Act, public records laws, they're becoming increasingly antagonistic, partially because of the rhetoric around lawsuits, partially because of the people, the new groups of people are becoming part of the public records process. We're seeing an increasingly adversarial stance taken on both sides and public records. And one of the things that I'm really interested in is what can we do to make this a more positive process all around? How can we work with agencies to kind of see public records and Freedom Information Act not necessarily just as an obligation, but as an opportunity to share their mission, share the work they do with the public? As part of that, one of the things we've been doing over the past year is working on a new exemption repository. One of the things we want to do is help people file administrative appeals more easily. A lot of states are increasingly and at the federal level, we now have a great mediation process where you don't need to file a lawsuit, you don't need to be a lawyer, you can go to an agency, you can go to an independent body and sort of say, hey, how can we work this out? So I can get what I want while following the law and not being unduly burdened on some agencies. As part of that, we've put together an exemption database where we're trying to gather every exemption under every public records law in the United States, and that's free and open to the public. And I would really encourage people here in your roles as lawyers and educators and everything else to kind of try and think what can we do to sort of continue to make sure that public records and right to know is a right for everybody and who increasingly improve it, particularly now as it becomes sort of a more and more politicized area under assault on all sides. Thank you so much for the time. I really appreciate it.


Welcome to the Argos Toy Unboxing! Today we're visiting our lovable and fun friends from the popular show, Teletubbies. Let's see what's inside the box. It's the Tubby Phone! It would be really exciting if you could speak to the Teletubbies, wouldn't it? Well, now you can on the Tubby Phone. Let's press this coloured button to call one. Shall we call Tinky Winky, Dipsy, Lala or Poe? Let's call Lala first. Hello? Is that Lala? Hi Lala. It's Lala. She's singing and is all giggly. Okay, bye Lala. It's time to call Tinky Winky. Hi Tinky Winky. He's all giggly too. Let's leave the phone here and play with these tickle and glow figures, Poe and Lala. Of course, you know Lala is this yellow one. If you tickle her chest, her tummy screen lights up and she giggles and talks to you. So does Poe. She's the very youngest and you can hear her making her signature sounds, just like on the show. And look, their arms move too. What's that noise? Wow! It's Tinky Winky calling. Hello Tinky Winky. If you leave the phone and play with your other Tubby Toys, it lights up and rings so you can speak to the Teletubbies again. We have to go now Teletubbies, but please call again soon. Thanks for watching this Teletubbies Argos unboxing video with the Tubby Phone and Tickle and Glow, Lala and Poe. We hope to see you again soon to show you more exciting things to play with.