So I guess we're ready to start then. Are we? Like Locke says so. So we are welcome to the booth about package subringing. And let's start discussing. So I hope you have browsed through the proposal a little bit. But in a nutshell, I prepared two slides to basically show the process, how it would look like. I hope you can read that a bit. It was a five-minute diary, just a second. On top, it says intent to salvage, on the right it says intent to package. Yeah, that's a typo. That's a typo, yeah. The thing of memory was taking control, I guess. But we can fix that right away, more than tech. The idea behind this, when a package looks some kind of un-maintained and feels such criteria, some criterias like it needs some love, there's unpackaged upstream versions, but there's no activity on the package. Then it will be eligible. I think I wrote in the criterias here. You can keep the typos. And if the package is eligible for salvaging, the proposed process would be that one, that the one who is interested in taking over the package wants to file intent to package, against the package, with important sorority, so it kind of sticks out. We talked about that, and we explicitly did not choose to take a serious or release critically one to avoid that that package is falling out of testing, because that would make not so much sense. When this is done, the recorded maintainer or team or uploader can react to that bug and say, no, I do not want you to salvage the bug. This is that object request. Then the process immediately stops. If there's no reaction, or if the maintainer says, oh, yeah, go ahead, take it. In that case, if he says, go ahead and take it, it's easy because then it's just a normal package takeover. Let's say that way. If there's no reaction, the one who wants to take the package will prepare an NMU with his fixes and also the change of the maintenance ship and upload it to delay 7. And this gives also some kind of additional reaction time to the current maintainer. And if it goes through, yeah, yeah, it's his package now, or his package. So that was in a nutshell. And the timings here is like this are the criterias out of the current proposal. So one asset before that the package itself can be considered for salvaging itself, it needs lacking somehow. It needs some work to be done on like bugs. Yeah, no, some upstream release is not packaged, or some, let's say, CWA work on that one. And of course, and additionally, it needs to be only fixable by an upload. So that is a sourceful upload required to fix the issue. And one of the criterias out of the table above needs to fulfill as well. And those criterias are focusing on the activity. So if there is no activity from that maintainer on that package with for six months with the other criterias fulfilled, for example, or there are several NMUs in a row, which were so basically an NMU maintained package. And there will be another NMU coming up soon. And also there if there are NMUs, but no follow up from the maintainer on that one. And if you have a library transition or like which is also kind of painful to have if you have some kind of non-active package but a big library transition, that could be also a good reason to consider that package eligible for salvaging. And the other one is if we have more than one unpackaged upstream version, and it has been noticed already earlier. So for example, if there is version one unpackaged, a package version two unpackaged, and someone filed a bug, please package version two. And then version three comes out. And someone files again a bug, please package version three. So that there's some strong interest in that package getting updated. And that is, and the version two is out for more than one year. And then it's also okay to start salvaging on that one. So that was kind of the process explained in a few words. The mail is or the thread on there is much more verbose on that one. That one, that slide is compacted and might also miss some details on that one. Okay, so then let's switch back to Koby and see if there are already some questions you might have at the moment. But please to make it easier for the ones on the stream and for me later revisiting the video, please use the microphones. I think that if you insist on saying six months or one year, you might miss all the heat of the moment. Probably about after one month of waiting the person who wanted it to get repackaged probably even lost interest. So you really gotta strike when the iron's hot. Yeah, so I can maybe answer that. So I think you're mixing two different things. One is the definition of how do we somehow decide when a package is unmaintained? And the other is once a package is unmaintained how long does it take to adopt it or salvage it? And so the six months or a year is a conservative, I think a way of defining when a package is unmaintained. So typically, I mean, so one thing is we have to keep things in balance. Users sometimes have say optimistic expectations of how fast new upstream versions will appear in Debian. And if package hasn't been updated after one month in Debian, to me that doesn't necessarily indicate lack of maintenance. I mean Debian works on different timescales and roughly speaking, our criteria is stable releases. So I think one month would be too short to a new version appears of some package and I don't upload it in one month. I would find that a bit fast to consider the package unmaintained. So on the other hand, if I haven't done anything for a year, then somebody can take it over in a month. So hopefully that answers your question. Question from IRC then Stuart. Oh, forget it, no, go ahead.  Yeah, there's some wording to do, I guess. I mean, I know this is just like a proposal, but say if there are many cases where you can have a one year period where two people request for one new upstream version, but the maintainer answers to the bug, saying, well, yes, this new upstream version is not ripe enough. So I mean, things like that should be added to the timeline. I think it's already covered by the definition of maintainer activity in here. So in general, to be an inactive maintainer, you have to not respond to bugs. So as it's written, you could respond to bugs saying, hi, thanks for your request. I'm super busy right now, but I'll get to this next month. And that would qualify as activity under these, as I say, conservative guidelines. So by the way, please also make notes in the copy because it will be hard for us to make notes and talk at the same time. So please also enter a remarks into the copy. But I only put my cell phone so I don't think I can use copy. You can also add your thoughts later if you want. I just thought I'd speak up in support of the relatively long durations in the sort of adoption time scale because I think we shouldn't lose sight of the fact that there's a big difference between sort of a particular problem with a particular sense of urgency that might motivate a traditional NMU as being the sort of obvious way to deal with somebody who's short-term unavailable and the notion of salvaging a package implying that we sort of reached a point where the maintainer's involvement with it is unretrievable. It's also really interesting that I had a very different thought about this notion of if a month is too long and you've lost the heat of the moment or the passion or something. If somebody is going to take over a Debian package, I would hope that their enthusiasm is gonna last for a really, really long time. And if a month isn't, is too long to sort of sustain enthusiasm, then years will be a problem. So I'm with you in the corner with us cranky old guys. But I do think we have to think about new contributors to Debian in this context as well. So I don't wanna stretch it out too much longer in the sense that I think a place where I see a need for such a policy is new contributors who want to help and who are blocked by maintainers sitting on packages. Chris. I really like to hear from people who have essentially salvaged packages in the past, like before this proposal, like what problems they've run into and things like that. So yeah. Doko needs a mic or to stand up, one or the other. There's an extra mic. So, well, I did something to a package which sounds like a salvaging that was Lipis CDIO, a package which failed to build in one of the GCC transitions. It was not fixable without updating to a new upstream. No reaction from the maintainer. So what I basically did preparing an NMU and for the second break, I decided, well, okay, I just changed the owner to Debian QA because apparently the package was not maintained and it was blocking a lot of stuff. So can I ask if the new process would have helped you in this proposed process? I assume it would. You wouldn't have had to set to, did you want this package? It would legalize my actions. Okay, but we don't talk about Debian QA here. So, but you could change it to Doko as the maintainer. Right, but usually I don't want to do that. That was my question, yes. Another thing, if, how do we, what are we doing with packages which are team maintained? Say the uploader is going away or the package owner is going away. Uploader is either a team or the package maintainer is a team. There are teams which are working very well in Debian like Pearl and Jarba, but well, the Python applications team, Python modules team is a very loosely coupled team and packages fail down the cracks. So who would be responsible for that? The uploader, the team, what would you do? Toby, did you follow the question precisely? Not one for sure if I got it, but you've thought about team empowerment, right? So one thing is we thought or talked about it, that the team should be have also the same kind of same rights as the maintainer or the other uploader. So if a team, if it's team maintenance should be also go to the team and the team is also okay to object on that one, to object as a region, but on other side that is a really good opportunity for the team to get a new member. So they should, they really should then not say object, they should say, hey, cool. Do you want to join the team? Maybe. I think that wasn't Delco's question. So let me try. I think your question was this is okay, but it doesn't solve a different problem I see, which you see, which is that some packages are formally maintained by teams, but practically unmaintained. Is that correct? So such a package actually would be eligible for salvaging, right? It would meet these criteria, but it would have to presumably someone would be discussing about moving it out of the team and into individual maintenance or joining the team and joining the package as an uploader. Either the ladder doesn't need a new process, right? The ladder is something which is in general possible, right? All teams formally welcome new members. And so I'm not sure I, okay, I think I understood the question, but I'm not sure my answer is very satisfactory. Well, I think it's also, it addresses problems for teams which have a very tight coupling of the members or where the team feels responsible for every package. But I think it doesn't work for teams where you just upload or you join to get upload rights. Right. So I would say that there's nothing that says you can't salvage packages out of a team if the team isn't doing good job maintaining them. There's no special status for teams in that. Right, so I think my suggestion in this case would be that when this reaches the level of a sort of well-documented process or even an element of policy that it just has some explicit wording in there saying, you know, what the alternatives are in the case where there's a team that's involved. Beyond that though, I was gonna comment that I also have been on both sides of the salvaging process. I have found packages that have gone essentially unmaintained and where I had some immediate need for, you know, a newer version or something like that.  I've even gone so far in the past, at least on one occasion I can recall of just taking over maintainership of the package and assuming if the other person ever reappeared we could have a gentlemanly conversation about what the right process would be. On the other side though, I find a documented process like this potentially really helpful because there have been at least a half dozen times I can remember in my own history where somebody approached me as the maintainer of some package I wasn't putting much time into and said, hey, what about? And my response was, would you like to be the maintainer of the package? Because I'm clearly, you know, it's not something that's in the center of my universe anymore and you sound like you care about it more than I do. And I've successfully handed over at least six packages that way that I can remember. So if this encouraged more people to think that it was okay to go poke even a well-known maintainer who wasn't doing the right thing for package and take some action, that would be great. Tico then, then too. Oh, so I was thinking that as you know, world birth rates are dropping. So Debian will be affected too. So you have better start expecting less maintainers coming in than dropping off. Yeah, I think we won't solve that issue if it is indeed an issue today. I think the mic's muted, Poyo. It's on my side, okay. If I understand well, your proposal is to add an ATS type of bugs to the BTS, right? But like, we already have the possibility to open a package and then adopt it. I don't see what this procedure with a new bug type is adding compared to the old process. If we could decide that it'd be okay to open packages quicker in the same amount of time, like six months. So there's no process for me to orphan your packages, right? Correct. So the difference here is about who's filing bugs. If you're an inactive maintainer, that if you're orfaning your packages, that's activity, right, that's contributing to Debian and you're actually, that's a maintenance step for the package, right? Currently, I can ask the MIA team to do that for me, right? No, because Toby can answer this better than I can. The MIA team can do orphaning. We have some scripts for that one, but that's not the normal way. Usually it's that the maintainer should do that themself. We do that if the maintainer doesn't do it, if he does not react and it's a... But that's the case we are trying to address within six months of no response, right? But it's actually all or nothing. MIA is all or nothing. So if I'm not maintaining one, okay, let me be honest and say, there's at least one of my packages that should be salvaged. I'm not proud of that, but let's be realistic. So what Toby can do, if I don't get around to doing something about that, which is part of the problem, right? Me not doing something, then Toby can orphan all of my packages and declare me MIA, but that's a bit extreme because some of my packages I just uploaded yesterday, right? So I'm clearly not falling into the MIA process and the MIA process won't get anywhere with me. It would be actually that way. If someone tells me, hey, David is no longer, it seems to be MIA because package XYZ has not seen an upload since two years or something like that, I would check and would say, oh, he just uploaded the packages, some packages yesterday and would respond, sorry, he's clearly not MIA. I cannot help you. Okay, so then we have two cases here. One is where somebody's not responding, right? After six months, it's okay. We can take over the package who could ask the MIA team to orphan it or you could decide to orphan it yourself because you recognize it and then somebody could ask you to orphan or fund the package. Sure, but I won't answer because I'm doing a bad job of this package, right? I mean, if I would deal with those responses, then we don't, if I would answer your email like a nice person about this package, then we wouldn't need this process. But then you're in fact asking for a third party to orphan the package for you and you call that ITS. No, no, you file the ITS bug because you want to take over my package, which is... And then if you don't want to, you reply to the ITS package and close the bug? Yes, but presumably, that is no more effort or that's about the same effort as orphaning the package, right? So if I'm willing to put that much effort into the package, then okay, I'm still... I agree, okay, look, there are many ways we can game the system in Debian, right? There's some fascinating Lintian bugs. But we can't build the system on the basis of developers are hostile to Debian, right? So this process actually assumes that I'm well-intentioned, I just have spaced out this one package, right? So I'm not going to... It assumes that I'm going to mostly be honest or no more deluded than we all are from time to time, right? And so when I see this bug, I'm gonna say, oh yeah, that's true, I should have done something about that and I'll either say great, do you go take it or I'll say, oh my God, I can't deal with this right now and you'll fall through and take over the package. And Rico, there's a standing mic too, or we could pass, would people rather pass the mic around? That would be great. The cameraman would probably rather we use the standing mic. Yeah, okay. Just wanted to say that for maintainers that are actually hostile to Debian, we have other kinds of processes. All right, right, more questions? And Rico, please come back. We've been discussing this since Portland, more or less, which is one, three, four, five years, something like that. And there's every time a pretty good consensus, but it hasn't gone into implementation yet. I wonder, so I was wondering about this this morning, is it because there's not many packages to be salvaged, is it because there's not many people that are looking forward to maintaining more packages? Is it because of being afraid of some social reactions, like there's a taboo in taking over packages that we haven't gotten over? Is there a list of salvageable packages that one can look and say, let's stir the waters and give it a try? I wonder if there's blockers that I'm not seeing. To adoption of this. So let me refer back to a previous comment about BDALES, about when this hypothetically ends up in policy. This, I think, won't ever be in policy, because policy is about the contents of packages. I mean, okay, that's a debate, but it feels like it's not a good fit for policy. That's a debate we could have separately. The maintenance guy, whatever. Yeah, so some people think that's an important distinction. So I think it's a politically difficult thing because we have a good process for fine-tuning the contents of packages, but we don't have well-defined process, well, other than going to the TC for changing package maintainership. So that's why I think it has been slow, and I think the proposal is to put it in devref. I'm interested when people think about that, if that's where the NMU guidelines are. And to me, this feels like something a bit related to the NMU guidelines. It's also maybe not a perfect solution, but it's better than the other ones that I can see. I know Sean will knack its inclusion in policy. Okay. I really don't think of those two as being hugely different, even though the scope and the bounding and sort of the degree to which we're expected to adhere to them is clearly different. But in my mind, they're both sort of, how things get done in devian documents. So apologies for generating the confusion. Okay. Thank you for creating that confusion because it gave me an opening to say the thing I wanted to say. Enrico said about the social impact of that. So from the MIA team experience, we have cases where people send us some ping and say, hey, look at that package. I would like to have it. And the maintainer seems to be away. And well, usually if there is not already a process ongoing, we have to tell him, okay, yeah, there's a point that data looks like the person is actually MIA, but come back in half a year because then we can give you the package. And this has a huge social effect, I guess, because in half a year, he lost interest, probably, likely. Or maybe he thinks, yeah, okay, if devian does not want me to help devian. Screw them. And they, yeah, on the other side, I think we always saw that flame war about that unfortunate high check. Okay, that was, that check was not in order, but I think that is also, but if you think further, this is why I think we need to have some rules here, something to rely on, something to back up, some servicing to avoid that you contributors get, yeah, shout at because they wanted to help again and did some work on a package and then got shouted at. That is really demotivating and you're really likely to lose that contributor forever. So could you clarify what, what side which you're referring to? I'm actually, I'm not familiar with it, sorry. Say again. Can you clarify, look, sorry. Can you clarify what specific incident you're referring to? Because I have no idea what you're talking about. I missed it. Oh, the hijack. Okay, sorry. So going back to Enrico's question about how many salvageable packages there are, whether there is a need for this, it's kind of anecdotal but I think people who hang out in the user support IRC channels and it's probably the same on some of the mailing lists, it's a relative, it's a frequent enough occurrence that it's sort of, oh, one of these is someone comes and their motivation is I would like a newer version of this package, right? And you tell them, well, you can file a wishlist bug and they say, oh, well, I did that or whatever, they're blocked and in some fraction of those cases, the person says, okay, what would I have to do to update this package? How can I fix this problem? Those are the people we want, right? How can I fix this problem? So even if it's 10 people a year that we could bring one step into Debian, I think that would be a huge win. And those could get motivated to do more work in Debian as well. Right, I think we can trick them into joining the MII team. More questions? Next steps, I think we should, everybody in the universe watching this stream across, you know, for thousands of years as it radio waves spread out, should send in their comments. So far, the develop thread seems to be a useful discussion. So that's a reasonable place to carry on discussing it or just add it to Gaby here. I would say we make another draft and then we propose a patch to Debra. Yeah, I think Debra would be the best thing to have it in Debra. And yeah, so no one objecting to that. This must happen before next DevCon, which means Toby has to do it. Yeah, I know Universal turns out to be kind of an overstatement. Galactic operating system, I think is a good start. Hi, can I expand my question earlier? So I previously asked who has salvaged packages before. So I'm wondering if anyone's had their packages salvaged beyond Beedale and how it felt, what they felt the process was, what they liked about that, what they didn't like about it and things like that. Because I think getting, because this is obviously a new definition of how to salvage a package, but we've sort of been doing this sort of thing for a few years just informally and in lots of different ways. So I feel like there's a lot of prior art lying around. Like, oh yeah, this guy took my package and it was fine. Or I remember this time someone took my package and it was suboptimal because of XYZ. And hey, why don't we try and address XYZ in advance? So. Do you really expect these people seeing here in this session? Well, there was one sitting here. I'm not sure the package involved. So I've become co-maintainer of packages that annoyed me. And then felt an irrational annoyance at the inactive maintainer, which I recognized as irrational and eventually got over. And then after seven or eight years, dropped the inactive maintainer from the field and said, hey, if you wanna be put back in, answer this email. And no answer. So I think that maintainer's now MIA and I mean, it's not a very dramatic story, but that was my experience. But you haven't had any of your, hello? You haven't had any of your packages? Salvage, no, I've ITA'd them and I've given away packages or attempted to. And actually I have failed to give away packages because I wasn't willing or able to put in enough effort to do the transfer of maintainership. So I was like, great, take over the package and the new contributor was like, yeah, what is this get thing? I, you know, help. And so that failed. I failed. And would this process have helped? Would this pretend reproposal help in that respect? No, it would not have helped that specific situation. Can't help everything, but if you try and plug all the gaps as much as possible. Yeah, that would be sort of making me a better helper of other people. I think that would be the gap that would need to be filled there. Not that to policy. Yeah, by name. Bremner must be more helpful. I can see Sean typing curiously. Will you envision any, will this work for the M2 like straight away or any clarification will be needed or something like that? Well, I think we could give it a test run already so to see how it works out. But at the moment I think as it's not kind of formalized or established that could be some backlash. Can you hit the question? I didn't hit the question. Sorry. This process like looks fine if you have access to the archive, if you are DD. What will happen for people that doesn't have access to the archive that is only DMs or need a sponsor? I mean, I, this person will fill the ITS bag and then it will have to find a sponsor. Right, I think it should. But I think sponsors will. Sounds fine, but I mean, I think it should be clarified like, so people is not afraid of like sponsor that upload after. This process should be not affected by any way how to upload things. So it should be a normal uploading process that then getting a sponsor and getting sponsored. And I think that proposal would also help on that one. That you find sponsors willing to do the upload. Yeah. Because sometimes I quite a little bit of reluctant to do that. Yeah, I agree. But it's a lot harder to do an M-M-U when you are DM than when you are DD. I mean, when you are DD, just go and do it. I think it should be like. There's an extra step, but it could be that you write in the title that you intend to salvage the package, for example. And that would help because, for example, out of my QA work in the MIA team when I browse mentors and have a few hours to kill to sponsoring, I actually prefer those bugs who want to adopt packages. Yeah, I mean, so it's true that getting M-M-U's uploaded is hard for non-uploading, for non-uploading DDs. But our C-bugs are actually not bad, right? I think my subjective impression is that people can, by marking bugs as RC, and there really being RC, get M-M-U's uploaded reasonably easily or reasonably painlessly. And so I would second Toby's idea that marking things as ITS, I mean, it will hopefully become a comfortable process. People will say, okay, yep, this is following something we have consensus on. It's not a crazy thing. I'm not going to have a flame war about this upload. And I think that will help just to sort of repeat, I guess. Do you expect this process that people could do QA work, just identifying packages that would be good for salvage or not only if you really want to salvage the package yourself, you should. I think you shouldn't file an intent to salvage bug unless, but this could be an add-on proposal, I guess, to mark packages as need salvaging or something. Yeah, I was just thinking of, for instance, the triaging bugs work, the salvage is doing, well, some of the people are doing too, but that helps triaging bugs to clean bugs from packages, then it would be something that, when people are triaging bugs, they could recognize all these packages poorly maintained and maybe just to flag the maintainer that your package needs some love and if you don't care for it, then. Right, I like that idea because, yeah, often in box version, you come across such packages which you say, yeah, I do not have the time for that or the energy or it's not my, I do not use that package too often, but still it could use, we have that newcomer tag, maybe they can reuse that for that one to also to have some attraction for people who want to help, maybe like. I like the idea, but I'd like to make it a second step because I worry that the political challenge of getting Debian to do anything is sufficiently high that I don't want to block. But let's reserve that idea for next year's DevCon because then the salvaging process is hopefully active and then we need new topics to cover, but actually a good idea. I mean it could sort of distribute the work of the MIA team too, I mean in the sense that you notice that all of somebody's packages are marked as needing salvaging, you say, this is an indication that further. Yeah, maybe we want even to have our own tag for that. I really think that it might help also maintainers to, like just being poked about their package that are not well maintained and they might just come back to life.  Maybe it will be a bit of a stick in that sense. We'll have to see, I guess. So we got one minute left. We give Enrico last question. In any case, that conference is still a few more days so we can also discuss here. Since you mentioned Debbie and the bell, there was a thread I went to see. Gregor Ehrman has a much more simplified proposal for the salvaging policy bid. It's unfortunately not a one minute thing but if we have consensus, I mean, I see no problem with that and, oh, yeah, that one. Would we have a consensus also on something like that? That the proposal came quite, I saw it just half an hour before the talk here so I could not really digest it already so but I think that is also something we can discuss. Of course, this will be more than one minute so let's defer that to the mailing list or to in-person discussions here. I would prefer to have some written communication to avoid that information is lost but we can, of course, we can also have a talk. Both, right, maybe it's useful to talk things over in person and then send a mail to the list to include everyone. That is quite productive and much of the proposal has been done that way. Okay, time to let the video team go. Good, thank you very much. And let's go forward with that.


Hello. I'm Councillor Douglas Delacy, the Chairman of South Cambridgeshire District Council, and I apologise that we are starting this ceremony several months late. We are marking today the 75th anniversary of VE Day, of VJ Day and Remembrance Day, but we had to postpone the event even beyond Remembrance Day. However, we are planting today a Remembrance Tree. My Vice-Chair, Anna Bradlam, will explain a little bit more. Hello. This Council has made a commitment to be green to our core and to support the planting of trees and hedges to improve biodiversity throughout the district. The Woodland Trust reminds us that trees are the ultimate carbon capture and storage machine. Through photosynthesis, trees absorb atmospheric carbon and lock it up for centuries. Men and women died in World War II to protect our country. This tree, in the Council's own garden, will remind Council members and staff alike of the sacrifices they made and to give thanks for the end of hostilities. So whilst this magnolia heaven sent may appear of modest stature now, we know that trees are our powerhouses to combat climate change. What better way could we find to honour the sacrifices made by those who died in World War II than to plant a tree? Their strength lives on. Thank you. And now our Chairman Douglas Delacy is going to read a poem that he wrote himself. This magnolia heaven sent promise of joy to eye and nose we plant to establish our intent for through the seasons as it grows it should remind the passerby that after war there can be peace and three things that thrill the nose and eye and beauty hope and loveliness of two long vile and ghastly wars our generation marks the end we must bequeath a better cause this tree a silent message sends stay stop before me on this spot make you a vow to bend your wheels only to improve the human lot to battle only human ills poverty hunger and disease these are among our greatest woes so vow to combat such as these and let them be your greatest foes then as you pass along the earth to work for peace with new intent this little tree shall bless your path and prove itself as heaven sent


I'm Paul Frills, and I'm Senior Manager for Linux Engineering at Red Hat, and I also am a very long time Fedora contributor and a one-time Fedora project leader. And I still do some work on Fedora Magazine every once in a while, as time allows. So what we're going to do today is we're going to talk about how to make a good image for a Fedora Magazine article. And if you're not sure what I'm talking about, let me call up a new browser here and just give you an idea of what we're talking about. So I just searched for Fedora Magazine featured image. First link is to, for me at least, comes up with our official documentation. So I'm going to go visit that. This is actually the Fedora Magazine official docs. There's a lot of docs here, but one of the things that we editors do is we create featured images. And these featured images are the hopefully pretty pictures that you see that come up at the top of our articles on the magazine. We use those featured images for several things. One of the things that are our publishing platform, which is WordPress, a fantastic free and open source software publishing platform. One of the things that gives us is it gives us some fairly easy functions for having those images pop up for services like Twitter or Facebook or any of the other social sites where we might publish information about our articles. So when we ask people to, hey, come visit the magazine and read this article, they'll get a nice little lozenge that has that image in it. And so there are some guidelines around how we do engines to so that people kind of know what they're getting when they click on it. It gives them an extra hint and maybe it's some extra, some extra desire to follow through and click on that link and come read the docs. Right. Because we always love to if we're going to write an article, we love for people to read it. We have a lot of contributors on the magazine and of course we want to promote them the content that they've lovingly contributed to Fedora. And having a nice image is a way to do that. Today, we're going to pick an article that we have upcoming, which happens to be an article on system D resolve D, which is going to enable some split DNS features in Fedora 33, which at this time at the time of recording this that's in beta. And it's going to be out very soon, but you may be watching this in the future and maybe Fedora 33 is old news by that point. That's fine. Because what we're going to cover here will still apply. So one of the things you can find is that we have an image repository out there and the instructions for cloning it are here. So I'm going to go ahead and I actually have a clone of this already. Now I will caution you the first time you clone this, it is a pretty large repository. And by large, I mean, I think it is getting up towards two gigabytes now, maybe even a little bigger. It's it's pretty big. So leave yourself some time for this.  I actually have it already downloaded on my system because I use it all the time. All right, well, let me run through the first little bit here, which is how we get our template going. Now there's an image template that's already in here. And it's stored in the images directory. There it is. I should have probably done long listing. This is just a couple of megs, but it is a it is a template. Now these SVG files, these template files, we open them with a program called Inkscape. And that is also available in Fedora. If you don't have it, it's very easy to install. I think the instructions for that are also here in the documentation. Indeed, there they are. So if you have get an Inkscape, that's all you need. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to actually launch Inkscape. Now I could go up here to my software and then look for Inkscape and launch it that way. That will work fine. I'll hit that. And I will hit Ctrl O to open a picture. I happen to have this images directory, which is in my, that's in the clone that I already have on my system. I already have it there. So I'm going to go down here. I made a finished product here already, but we're going to work towards that. So you see how I got there. What I'm going to do is I'm going to look for the template file. There it is. Template.svg. And I'm going to open that. And here it is. Here's our template. Now one thing I'm not going to be able to do, I think in this webinar, is I can't teach everybody Inkscape. But there are a lot of tutorials on the web. There's a lot of YouTube videos and other things you can go consult to find out how to use Inkscape. I will tell you that creating nice images in Inkscape, you don't need to do a lot to make a nice looking image. For some definition of nice, right? We definitely have some great artists who've contributed beautiful images over time. Ryan Lurch has made a bunch of beautiful ones. I actually learned a lot by looking at his images and watching him make them and just picking up tips from him. But that is not to say that I know the things he knows. I do not. But I know enough to make something that's nice enough. And I can teach you that really easily. Okay. So here's our template. We've got it open here. And what I'm going to do is I'm just going to use the minus key and shrink down my view so you can see the whole thing. I'm going to tour you around a couple things that you wouldn't notice here. One of them is a plus so that we can cruise around here a little bit. One of them is that we've got a bunch of these little backgrounds here. Now, these are kind of, I guess you call these kind of generic backgrounds. We try to use these as little as possible, right? Because otherwise it could be very boring if that's all we ever use for backgrounds. But if you really can't find anything that fits and you don't like anything you're finding, you can fall back on these. So they exist. Also, there's a little note here. And keep this in mind if you're making an image. This tells you, oh, by the way, remember to remove, let me make this bigger. That little note here, we left it in the template, which I think is kind of cool. And it says, let me get it where you can see it. Remember to remove all the unused backgrounds to the left, which cuts out several megabytes of unused data, right? And so, yeah, you do want to remove these before you start doing your work. If you find you've already found something you want to use it, a photo you want to use, make sure you remove these before you save your work into the repo so that our repo doesn't grow out of control with too much data. That's just something to remember for later. Okay, but key being, we've got these backgrounds, but that's not what we're going to do. We're going to go full on here. So I'm going to select all and I'm going to hit the delete key and that removed everything. Now, one thing I do recommend you do is as you make big changes in any Inkscape SVG, and even from time to time as you're working in it, clean up the document. Oh, and we need to save this as our new thing. I'm going to call this SystemD ResolveD2. And I'm going to call it 2 because I already made an image like this. And again, I want to show you from scratch. So I'm going to save this as a new document here. And once again, I'm going to clean it up. Notice how a little star appeared up here. It means, ooh, there must be something still to clean up. So I hit save again and one more time, just clean it up and we're good. So what that does is it just sort of pulls out unnecessary bits that are in the SVG, which is actually just XML behind the covers or under the covers. It kind of reorganizes it, cleans it up a bit, scrubs it and makes it as small as possible. So that way your image can save a lot of size that way. Okay, great. So we've done that. We're ready to go. We have a blank template. Now you might be asking, what are these blue lines? This is something really important. These little blue lines give you a guide for where you want to keep your most important parts of your background. Because what will happen is different social sites and different ways that the web might use this image cut off the borders of the image sometimes. So for example, if you use up the entire size of the image and run your text all the way from one side to the other, you might find on some places, like maybe Facebook or Twitter, you're going to be missing those letters.  So these are guides that help you understand, hey, I really want to keep my content, the important content in the middle here. You still want to fill up the whole image, but you don't want to put anything important in those gutters, if that makes sense. All right, so we've got this template. What do we do now? Let's find a background. Now, here's where things get interesting. You might be tempted to just go do a Yahoo or Google or a Flickr search for images and just find something pretty and throw it in. But here's the thing. Not all those images are licensed in a way that we can use them. And the last thing we want to do in Fedora is take somebody's copyrighted work and publish it on the magazine without permission. Neither do we want to go out and have everybody have to ask people for permission. What would be much better is if we get our images only from sources where it is okay to use people's images without asking them permission, as long as we do something like credit them for the image or an image that we are allowed to use in any way that we want without credit anyone. However, we always like to give credit where we can. Now, I find a great place to get images is go to unsplash.com. They have absolutely beautiful pictures, high resolution so we can use them. They have all sorts of subject matter there, which is fantastic when you're looking for something that's inspiring for your article. And everything that appears on unsplash is freely usable. So the people who have donated this artwork or photography have put it under a license where you can use it for anything you want. And to be honest, you actually don't have to give them credit. That is not even required. But we always do in the magazine because we really appreciate the fact that they make that stuff available. So here's the thing. How do we choose a background? What do I choose? Should I use a mountain? Should I use a frog? I mean, what do I want? This is where I start thinking about what would be a neat way to represent what this article is about. And it may not be literal, right? One of the most literal things that happens. And I'm guilty of it myself. I do it all the time. I have an article about containers. So what am I going to do? Well, I'm going to go up here in the search for containers. And what am I going to get? Lots of shipping containers. There they are. Shipping containers galore. I have used these kind of pictures many times for articles about containers and container technology. Boy, is that a tired trope. But it happens every day. So just be aware that, you know, those cliches might come through and maybe you want to think about something a little bit different. What about like Tupperware containers? I don't know if anybody knows what Tupperware is anymore. It was big when I was young. Apparently it's not big anymore. What about Rubbermaid? They make containers. They don't appear on here, though. I wonder if food containers might appear in here somewhere. OK, no. But there are some other cool pictures here that give me some other ideas. And a nice way to do is go for Landscape, which gives you an aspect ratio that is a lot like the aspect ratio of your image here, right? So that helps. Well, let's find something that's more like, I don't know, Resolve, System D, Resolve D. Here's the thing. Resolve.  And the thing that came up was very inspiring for like human resolve, determination.  OK, that's all fantastic, but it doesn't really tell. I mean, it doesn't really give off the sense of our article, which is about name resolution. My inclination here is that name resolution is going to be pretty hard to find a picture that matches that. So we may have to go for something more abstract. Here's what I ended up doing after trying a few things like this, like names. You know, that didn't come up to anything that I really like. There's, you know, memorial walls and, oh, honey and babe. I'm sure that will go over really well if we put that on the magazine cover. I can't see anything bad happening if we do that. All sorts of good stuff here. But yeah, I had a really hard time finding anything. So what I decided to do was go for something abstract. At first I thought, well, System D Resolve D and name resolution are there about networking, right? At their base, they're about networking. So I did actually look up network and just see what comes up. And you do get some kind of cool photos that come up. Look at this one. That one's kind of abstract, but it is very much like something we just used recently. This one's not bad. There's a few more, right? These are, you know, these can be very abstract. And the thing that you want to look for in photos like this is you're looking for something that is what we call low energy, not high energy. A high energy photo tends to have a lot of busyness in it, right? This is an example of this photo right here, is an example of something very high energy. Meaning there's a lot of color changes in it. There's green, yellow, white. A lot of things are in focus. It's very complex. The photo is very complex when you look at it. It has a lot of shapes and a lot of things going on. That's what we call high energy. And really what we're looking for is something low energy because that means that we could put some text on top of it and nothing will distract from the text. Even this one here, it's a simpler picture, but this is still pretty high energy. Notice how all these circles, they're all in focus and they're very high contrast. And so it's going to be hard to put anything else on top of that and have it draw your eye because you're fighting against all of these other things that are going on. So what might work better, this one's not bad. There's a lot of space in it. There's not a lot of energy going on. This one also, bright does not mean high energy. This is very bright, but you could put dark text on this and it would pop out really well. So that's not bad. There are plenty others here. This is another good one. This also is not too bad. There's a lot of energy because, again, you have these very, you know, there's a lot of contrast happening, but it's not bad. Now I'm going to show you what I did. I decided these were all kind of, I don't know, they felt very generic and on the nose and I thought, you know what, I'm actually going to go for something that's just very abstract and just some colors. I'm just going to see if I can find something that's colorful and pretty. And ultimately, actually what I decided on is I really like this one right here. Not very high energy. It is colorful and bright, but it's also not very high energy. There's not a lot of contrast in it. It moves very gradually between red and blue and purple. So you could put some bright text on this and it should pop out. So I thought, oh, okay, that'll work. I'll do that. So I just downloaded this. I'll download this picture.  This is one of the things I look for. If I'm not using unsplash, if I'm using free image searches elsewhere, like I think Flickr lets you search for photos and you can search for just photos that are Creative Commons license. By the way, make sure that the only licenses that are okay for us for Creative Commons are Creative Commons Zero, which is basically public domain. It's close enough to public domain. Creative Commons BY or BY attribution, that's okay. And BY SA, which is attribution share alike. Those are the only types of Creative Commons license that are okay. It's not okay for us to use non-commercial and it's not okay for us to use no derivatives because then we are not passing along rights to other Fedora users. So those are the licenses that are okay. And the unsplash site is fine because the unsplash license lets you use things for any purpose whatsoever. So you're fine. So knowing that, I also have a little attribution notice here and typically I'll copy this and I'll make sure to paste it into the article or into the featured image caption. So let's keep this open for a little while just so we can let that stick around here because we're going to use it later. All right. Back to my Inkscape. Now that I've got my beautiful photo, what am I going to do? Am I going to just stick that image in here? And the answer is no. Before we pop that image in here because that image is pretty large. Let me find my terminal. This is the actual downloaded form of the image. It is four megabytes in size and that is too big. We do not need anything that big. So here's what I tend to do. I will run GIMP and I'm going to run this on the one I newly downloaded. Okay. Here's that image. Notice the size of it. It is almost 5,500 by over 3,600. Now, we don't need anything that big. The actual size that we need for a featured image in the magazine is exactly 1,890 by 800. All of our images are that size. What I've done actually over on my system is in my Crop Tool in GIMP I have set my Crop Tool because this is mostly what I use GIMP for nowadays I've set a fixed aspect ratio for my Crop Tool to 1,890 by 800. That's going to come in handy. I'm going to go ahead and crop this thing and notice how when I created my crop notice how it stays at this aspect ratio no matter how much I want to clip out. That's kind of cool. I'm just going to make this as wide as the image because that's what I want to get as much of the image as possible and I'm going to pick what I think is about the right area This doesn't have enough of the red in it and this has too much of the red in it so I'm going to find something in the middle that I like about there. Now GIMP has highlighted what it's going to clip out and then click in the middle. Great, now it's cropped. Before I go anywhere though realize this is still the original size so the next thing I'm going to do is I'm going to scale the image down to be 1,890. I typed in 1,890 and I hit Tab and the height automatically came in at the right number because the proportions are linked and then I'm just going to say go ahead and scale it. Boom, there it goes much smaller. Now I'm going to overwrite the original image and I usually set the quality down too it doesn't need to be very high 75 is plenty because we're not aiming for precision here we're actually aiming for the image to be fine. So we're going to export it and then I'm done. I'm going to go back here and download it again and that should have downloaded probably one with a 2 at the end. Let me make sure. Yep, there it is. There's that big image. What I do if I have image magic installed which I think most Linux boxes do by default because a lot of things use that toolkit behind the scenes to do stuff. GIMP does in fact you can do this at a command line you can do I could do Modify, Scale 1890 which is going to bring the largest that's going to bring the since we're in a landscape it's going to bring the largest dimension that is the width down to 1890 and take a quality of 75 you can do that let me point it at the correct file and it does it in place. There we go. Yeah, so at this point though, you would still need to crop this to 800. Now I think there are ways to do that in Modify too you can tell it I want you to crop this to 800 height and start at a certain position but you'd have to kind of just do it by feel and hope it came out right which is why I tend to use GIMP and the good thing is notice how in any case all the all the jpegs that I worked on notice how all of these are much smaller instead of being like 4 megs they're all like 140, 150 megabytes or kilobytes excuse me which is perfectly acceptable for a jpeg all right so now that we've got that done we have our background right that was the whole point of all that so what we're going to do is we're going to import that background in hit import and we're going to go grab our this is the jpeg that we first made this is the one that's a little odd sized I can actually show both of these let's start with the first one and we're going to import this now what you want to do is the default selection should be okay you want to use embed neverlink why? because embed actually puts the data for the jpeg into the SVG file now in one sense that means that we've got a lot of jpegs that are sitting in our repo and that does make it large and many people forget to scale in the way that I've shown which is why our repo is so big but if you do remember to scale this is actually the best way to do it because it means that if somebody else picks up the SVG they're not going to be missing a file and not know where to get it from you can leave the dots per inch to come from the file that way inkscape will do the right thing and you can leave the rendering mode in auto should be fine in fact I don't know why I don't do this I've selected this don't ask again I look at this every time I never need to do anything but okay I should probably set that to don't ask again but not today pal not doing it now here's our image fantastic well the problem is we want to get this image down into that little page size one of the things that I do is I turn on enable snapping and I have a few snaps enabled one of them is snap to bounding box corners now this page that you see here acts like a bounding box and so what that means is I can move this thing around and notice how oh I also have other things set on like I have snapping to edges I think is set on snap nodes and I think I have yeah any bounding boxes snapped as well so what that means is as I move this around you're going to see it kind of flick over to these guides because I have that snapping on that's actually a really useful tool because it means I don't have to get I don't have to zoom in to figure out whether I'm at the exact corner I just kind of move close to it and then like a vacuum cleaner just sucks it into the corner now I need to resize it now I want to make sure that the aspect ratio stays the same I don't if I just hit the this this corner arrow and start moving around oh no it's all wrong size and I goofed up my picture it's terrible so I'm going to hit control Z to undo that what I want to do to keep the aspect ratio the same is hold down the control key and then resize that way and notice what happens when I get close here to the bounding box now yes there were some craziness there's some craziness that happens but be persistent and eventually there you go boom now you're snapped into the bounding box awesome now my picture takes up the exact space that I want I'm going to hit again I'm going to hit that 4 key and the 4 just zooms the page out to be the maximum possible size on our screen fits it to the window now we're in a good place where we can actually start doing things with it okay so here we start thinking about what do we want to have in our text and this is where it's important to have like a good title for your magazine article and use what I tend to do is I tend to use the magazine article title and to do that also as an editor I tend to make sure the title is something good right like that it's not going to be too not going to be too esoteric if people can't tell from the title what it is that it's a what it is the articles about and they've never heard of it before then it's probably not a great title so we tend to change titles to be things like um you know draw pictures with inkscape if you just said introduction to inkscape how would anybody know what that is if they don't know what it is already so we'd say learn how to draw with inkscape or learn how to manage your network with network manager or whatever the case might be so I'm going to pop over here to the magazine and take a look at behind the scenes at the article that we're going to use and I want to check with the title of that article is so I'm going to go to our posts and find this article and there it is there's the article system D resolve D introduction to split DNS and that's not a terrible title um whenever you start talking about system inwards it gets a little bit harder to do this right this article is more of a primer about what split DNS is and how it works it is explaining how system D resolve D works to provide those functions so given that we're not actually asking the reader to do anything we're not asking them to level up somehow or learn to do something we're really just teaching them what this is so I'm okay with this title system D resolve D introduction to split DNS that's what I'm going to use alright next thing we need to figure out is we need to add some text here and so I'm going to just use that title so I'm going to open up my my text and font features here by the way I'm going to hit for again and that way it resizes that page over the left here and what I'm going to do is I'm going to figure out what kind of font do I want here I've got a lot of fonts installed here all these are I think these are all open and available through the like the Google font foundry and other font foundries we have several that we use that are recommended let me go back over here to our featured image documentation we've got information here about our template and we also talk about fonts here are fonts that we recommend using you're not technically restricted to these as long as the font is open you may not use fonts that are copyrighted that you downloaded from some random wear site or something like that use fonts that everybody can get to freely and so typically to find those fonts we want people to go to something like Google font foundry or somewhere else that offers truly openly licensed fonts and they're usually under a license like the SIL license so these are the ones we recommend I actually think for this one something kind of open it is a the article is a little bit technical but I also don't want to scare anybody off by having big like chunky letters so I'm going to use something a little more open and for me I think this Montserrat that came up here actually I kind of like this then I want to decide like well what kind of heaviness do I want there let's start with a normal heaviness maybe and I'm going to set that as the default and I'm going to come over here into my picture I'm going to hit the T key which turns on the text tool and I'm just going to click in the picture and I'm just going to type system D resolve D and then hit escape okay now I have an object here it's just a text object the first thing I notice of course right off the bat is this is in black and it looks terrible on the top of this picture it's too dark and I really want it to pop out so I changed the color to white notice how when I did that there's an outline on the letters and that may be good in some cases I don't particularly like it so I'm going to hit shift and then click this color to that's the basically remove so it removes the stroke by holding down the shift key I'm activating a color on the stroke as opposed to the fill so if I were to click red the fill of the font will turn red and if I wanted a blue outline I would hold down shift and click blue and now there's a blue outline so that's how you can control the two things separately I want the font to be white but I'm going to hold shift down on this X and that will get rid of the stroke yay that's what I wanted all right cool now we've got this nice font or this nice little text object that we can use now I still need to include the rest of the text and what was that introduction to split DNS right so I'm just clicking here I'll just hit T let me move that down here and say introduction to split DNS all right again black I don't like that I hit the escape key a bunch of times and I'm going to click on it so I can alter it again I don't mind this being white again and then take off the outline and okay let's call this okay for now there's some things I don't like about this but let's just call let's say that these these bits of text are okay here's where you have to start using a little bit of a design I now there's some tools to help us with this first off we probably want this to be somewhat centered what I like to do is kind of get the things close to where I think they might look nice and once they're there I can kind of get an idea hey does that work artistically okay that's not bad I could live with that here's what I would do I like to make sure things are centered against each other and that's very easy to do I'll click one I'm going to hold down the shift I'm going to click the second one and then I'm going to go here to the where's my alignment tool it's somewhere around here I can never find it I always hit control shift a that's how I do this and that gives me the aligned and distribute and so what I'm going to do is turn off grouping so it's going to treat these as two different things and what I'm going to say is relative to the last thing selected center these what I've done now is now these two things are centered against each other I'm going to group them and hit control G and now they're in a group and I'm going to say now relative to the page put these in the center now they're centered against the page horizontally and also center them vertically and I don't look too bad it's not too bad here's some problems though if I look closely at this what I see is over here like around the R the T the D the N the S here and a couple other places here and there the text is it's a little harder to make out against the background but you can't get any brighter than white so I mean what am I going to do I mean I could make this a really terrible color like oh I'll click in this and make this yellow that didn't get any better in fact I think it's worse I mean it looks terrible it doesn't make any sense these things are kind of shading towards white and white is not a terrible color here but what we need is some contrast here's an easy way to make things look spiffy I use this all the time first well first thing I'm going to do I'm going to hold the control key I'm going to make this a little bit smaller because I think just overall this whole thing is just a little too big there we go but still I've got the same problem the INT over here in the DNS they're kind of like a little harder to see it's harder on the eyes so I'm going to click on the object and I'm going to add a filter to it and it's a drop shadow and what I'm going to do is I'm going to add a drop shadow by default the drop shadow is black you can change the color but I'm not going to it's it's the exact right place for me and I usually like to do a blur radius of somewhere between 3 and 4 and I'm going to use no offset meaning it's going to appear directly behind the object it's not going to appear off to an angle or off to the side at all and I'm going to apply that and notice what happens there's like a little bit of shading around these letters now and so now even over here where they were a little harder to see now they pop out that shadow really helps right I'll take that outline out so you can really see how well it makes the image pop out now and even if I scale it down which I will do sometimes the text still seems to pop out a little bit even at that small size that out that shadow outline comes out it really does it really helps okay neat this is actually like this isn't very stylish there's not much to it I wasn't trying to get too fancy but this is this is a passable image but let's say I wanted to do something even better I've already got that notice I've already got this shadow applied but that doesn't have to stop me from doing anything like I might like to go to this text I'm going to text in font and I'm going to make this instead of a light or normal I'll make this like semi bold apply that look at that and then I also know for fact that this article there may be a follow up article so what if we what if we made this so that it was like something to think about like we might have a second or a third one of these and maybe this is just one of several where we might be able to reuse the same background the same image it's a lot of colon here now what did I do I just you know I went and edited this but at the same time did you notice what else happened like as I edited it it's no longer centered so I'm going to once again go back here go to a line distribute relative to the last object which was the bottom piece let's say re-center and then I'm going to treat the whole thing as a group or I could keep clicking out here until I can select the whole group and then just make sure that's centered and that remains centered so that's nice okay so that was just a way to tune it up a little bit and notice how it draws the eye a little bit more to the system resolve system D resolve D that's actually kind of cool because right now this is a very hot controversial topic in Fedora 33 so when people see that they're probably going to be likely oh I want to click on that check it out one other thing I might like to do and there's no reason you can't get creative with this stuff too right like I'm going to I clicked in that group and I'm going to click in it again so that I can alter the elements of the group and I'm going to take this maybe I'd like here's something I think might be cool is if I kind of move this off to the side like this and maybe like here's something to do hold down control and I'm going to hold down control again to make sure that I don't you know goof up the font making you know do something like that right so keep it in the same aspect ratio with that control key and then I'm going to get this one under it and I'm going to see if I like made this smaller that look at that so now I got a little bit I didn't have to figure out the typeface or anything I just like you know get it to the point where this thing is about the same width as this thing and that looks pretty pretty spiffy I think right and if they're too close I can move it down a little bit right but check it out so now that's a pretty that's a pretty good little piece of text now of course I've moved it around again now so I need to go back to my align and against the page I want to recenter it to there we go that's not bad so we spent a long time talking about this but you can tell that like if you know once you do this a few times like you could whip something like this up in like five minutes flat ten minutes like I've done these during meetings sometimes where you know when the meeting goes past me I'm like okay I don't have to worry about this this part of me great I can knock this out in like five minutes pow okay once that's done again we're going to clean up the document clean it up save it clean it up again just in case yep we're good no star so we save it and quit pow okay awesome so now we have this beautiful graphic that we created now when you're going to upload this to the magazine to use it as a featured image this is pretty much the last step here you have to turn it into a jpeg now there are lots of ways to do that but we've already provided this cool make file here now if you're not into code and you don't know what any of this stuff means do not worry about it you do not have to worry about it you can do this you just type make help and you'll find out what you need to do in order to make an svg or a png you just need to type the file name so I know what my file name is right it's that uh systemd resolved2.svg so if I type make systemd resolved2.jpeg all the things will be done for me and at the end I have a beautiful jpeg here that jpeg is what you want to upload to the magazine as your featured image okay how do we do that well let's hop over to our post and we're going to go down to featured image on the side and all this presupposes that you have the right privileges to do this as an editor or as an image maker if you don't just consult the kind folks in the magazine to help uh channels whether that's IRC or on our discourse board and just chime up there and say hey I need help because I'm trying to do this and I don't have access we can help you with that what you do is set your featured image upload your file go find my file what do you think actually here's what we'll do I'm going to go to that images director remember I had another one of these that I already did earlier oh it's because I didn't make the jpeg for it let me I'm going to do this because I made this one I made one earlier this week let's look at both of them against each other that's the one I did earlier which do you like better this one or this one A or B I like B let's go for B that's the one we just did let's keep it it's beauty miss great it's in there now the last thing we do for attribution is we come over here remember I kept this window open with our original and a copy this bit of text here and I'm simply going to paste it into the caption and say set featured image once you do that you have to save the article so that it gets the data then hit preview and notice how we get this nice beautiful little attribution here and there's our image and this is what people will see when they visit the article now when you're done don't forget that you want to you know commit your changes here what's my my git thing that I've done here oh well I have a couple images and so what I'm actually going to do I'm going to cheat here we're going to move the one I just did and I'm going to copy that over I'm going to replace the one I did earlier there we go so now we should have just one of those right oh yeah the jpegs are still here and that's fine we have things set up in the git repo so that even if you've made jpegs there's a bunch of jpegs cluttering it up they'll never get committed in so you don't have to worry about it we've taken care of that and so now just check my status again and it's just that one file so I'm going to do a git add I'm going to commit it and say systemd resolved intro to split DNS and I happen to have I happen to have access so I can push this now if you don't have access though what you could do is you could push this to your own repo and then send us a pull request we do ask that if you make images please do send us a pull request with the source because that way you know we're doing the right thing like we're making the source available for everybody type in my obscenely long key passphrase there and boom now our if I go to our our repo you will see in the commits there it is there's my commit it's in there from a few seconds ago there's our image and so now it is there for all to make use of if they would like yeah oh here's a couple things some important guidelines I I think we added these in recently which is when you're making these like try not to use logos from fedora or other projects well we definitely don't want to use the fedora logo with another logo because that usually takes very special permission from the logo owner and we don't like to use our own logo that much either just because like overusing it when we're talking about general topics like fedora didn't invent system d resolve d it was invented by the system d upstream so we don't want to pretend that we own it or that we had you know more to do with it than we did we tend to keep the fedora logo only for use in very specific cases like if the project is trying to tell you something about the project and even then we only use it sparingly so here are some examples of our fonts you know this is Montserrat here this is open sands and this one here is Oswald these these three these are all kind of examples of just very matter of fact they're simple there's not a lot to them they don't have much of a mood but they feel fairly welcoming I would say you know this Montserrat I think feels very friendly and maybe a little sumptuous whereas the open sands and the Oswald are maybe a little more down to earth like they're a little more matter of fact open sands in fact I think google used to use that for a lot of things until they came up with a new font family for their own product use but it still is a perfectly good font to use for just a very average run of the mill kind of headline so if you're not sure what to use those are all very good fonts to use when you don't know what else to do Bungie here is an interesting font and it's very highly stylized this one I think comes off best when you're talking about something that's very that is very technical in nature or something that should give off like that kind of high-tech you know next generation sort of feel I like using these the slab whether it's Josephine slab or the Zilla slab I think these are neat for when you are doing something that you're trying to show some people something that maybe is a little design oriented or something that is fun and friend fun but friendly grand hotel here I think is one of the this is one of the like most cutesy fonts that we use and a lot of times we use that when we are trying to like have a like more of a human element in things like maybe a call to action like hey would you like to join the magazine like we might use something like that right and what's our other one here so that is Roboto slab or Roboto slab so I would say you probably would use that in similar similar cases for these other slab fonts but you know these are not hard and fast rules and there are other fonts out there like I know there's one called Molot that we've used before I don't know if you can see this here but this Molot font very like it's very heavy and very like this seems very nonhumanist like it's more like if you're going to talk about technology and go very deeply into it that might be a good font for something like that these are all my opinions I don't know if designers would share them I'm going by what I kind of how I interpret these fonts and how I've seen other like better and experienced designers use them that's sort of the things that I've got out of them we've got a few others too like ISFCA this is cute for if you want to like have something that's terminal like it looks very much like a terminal font that can be useful one thing we don't use we try and avoid interstate even though this is red hat use this font for a while before the red hot for the red hat fonts came along but we try and avoid this because we don't want to get confused with you know Fedora is not the same as a red hat it is not the same as a red hat product so we try and avoid that also I don't use the red hat for the same reason I don't use the red hat fonts themselves for the Fedora magazine and I recommend other people stay away from them oh one other cool one it's out there silk screen this is kind of cool it's just a neat it's just a neat little font if you have to do something that's small but needs to be sort of techy and maybe this is a small font that you use in addition to another font for a larger title that's kind of cute well I hope that this was helpful and not too long I'm Paul Frieds and again I work a little bit with the Fedora magazine from time to time and Ben say howdy and bye I guess bye everybody thanks for watching this tutorial I'm Ben Cotton the Fedora Program Manager and Fedora Magazine Editor thank y'all for checking it out and we hope to see you around the magazine helping and until then have a great one isn't that beauty-ous? I think it's beauty-ous beauty-ous


Oh, I'm Jay Fiedel. This is Community Matters on Think Tech. It's a beautiful day today in Honolulu. It's one of those exquisite perfect days. And it makes you think of nature and all the pretty things that are around us. And one of them, of course, is butterflies. So that's why we're doing a butterfly show. Chocho-san in Japanese, right? Anyway, we have somebody who is very heavily invested in butterflies. And that is a legal administrator who happens to be here in the same building with us downtown Honolulu. Her name is Darlene McDowell. Lou McDowell. I get that right? Yeah, that's right. Darlene, welcome to the show. We are so interested in finding out what you do and why you do butterflies among, you know, beyond in addition to everything else you do. So let's talk about butterflies. What do you do with butterflies? So I consider myself a butterfly rancher instead of a breeder because the butterflies fly in and out of my garden all day long and they eat and they lay eggs. I gather up the caterpillars. I shelter them until they become butterflies. And then they go to weddings and funerals and parties and just, you know, create joy for other people. They also are released in my garden. So that is the business of raising butterflies. You raise butterflies. They are babies. They are my babies. Give them names? No names. No names. I cannot keep track of which one is which. But, you know, there are so many predators in Hawaii that in nature less than 10% make it through the whole cycle. And so when we gather them, we shelter them so they have a much better chance of survival. So let's talk about, you know, the life cycle. I guess it starts with a caterpillar? It starts with an egg. Yes. It starts with an egg and then it turns into a caterpillar in approximately three days. Three days. Yes. And then the caterpillar eats and poops and eats and poops for another seven days or so. And then it becomes a chrysalis. Which is? That is the cocoon, but it's actually a chrysalis. So moths make cocoons and butterflies make chrysalis. Okay. What does it look like? It's green. Beautiful. It has gold. Gold fleck in it. And in another 10 days, if we're lucky, the butterfly will emerge. And then what? What do you do when the butterfly emerges? So you have to give them a special treatment? I always think the butterfly is a her anyway. Let's talk about them in the female. No. So if they don't go to a wedding or funeral or party, we release them into the garden. You have to train them at all to go to the wedding of the funeral. For example, you know, you'd want them to be happy at the wedding and maybe a little sad at the funeral. Do you show them how to do that? You're very funny. So the butterflies are, they're hand-fed. So I can keep them for a few days. They're hand-fed. And if you look onto the website, there's a lot of people that are holding butterflies. And so they are used to being held. But once they're free, they go about naturally doing what butterflies do, which is pollinate and, you know, just You can hold them. Will they stay on your hand? Yes. Well, for a few seconds. And butterflies are very spiritual. They connect with certain people. So for some reason they go and fly, they pick people specifically and they stay with them. I have many stories. We have always, you know, thought of butterflies as friendly and sweet and beautiful and, you know, special quality, special personality, if you will. Is it true that they ever bite you? Do they ever do things that are, you know, not so beautiful? Well, butterflies don't have teeth. They have a proboscis, which is their tongue, and they unroll their tongue into the flower to sip nectar. So no, they cannot bite. They can't sting either. But those in the wild will not naturally come to you. They will not. So how do you get them on your hand then? Because they are, yeah, they're all hand-fed. And so they're used to being handled. But, you know, once they're free, they go about their business. Once they're finished at the wedding of the funeral, what happens to them? They go and populate the areas that they're released in. Oh, they stay. They, if there's food in that area that they're released in, then they will stay. Which is what happens in my garden. I release them and they're free to fly. It's not an enclosed garden. It's open. So they fly around all around the neighborhood and they come back and they eat and lay eggs and then the cycle starts all over again. Your garden must be very, very beautiful. It's very peaceful. Sure. Well, that's one of the characteristics of a butterfly. It's carefree and peaceful and friendly. Yes. Yes. So what do you feed them? I mean, and how do you, what kind of food do you put down to have them come back? The flowers is what they eat. So you have to get flowers for them? Yes. And in that case, you have to grow the flowers for them? Ideally, or you spend a lot of money having to buy flowers all the time. Is that it? Is that the whole diet? You don't feed them chopped liver or anything? So there's a variety of flowers that they enjoy. Milkweed is essential for their babies because that's what the baby caterpillars eat. And we're talking specifically monarch butterflies, right? I raise only monarch butterflies. So every butterfly has its own boot plant for its babies. Is the one on the screen behind you a monarch? That is a monarch. Oh, I'm so, we're looking for one, you know, so we got the right one. Yes. Thank you very much. So Darlene, you know a lot about this. I mean, how did you learn this? Did you go study or what? I've been progressively doing this for almost eight years now. And I do belong to two butterfly associations. One is the International Butterfly Breeders Association and the other one is Association for Butterflies. So there are forums, forums. There are conferences that I attend every year. Lots of networking, best practices that I learn. And I also have a team of people that I work with. Oh, in your company, in your butterfly company? Yes. What's the name of your company? Sharing the butterfly experience. And the name of your website is sharing the butterfly experience, what? Dot com. Yes. So I have about 15 to 20 people that work with me and they raise butterflies and that's how we get so many. So one of my clients is the Legacy of Life and every year they order a hundred plus butterflies to be released to honor the organ donor, the families of the organ donor. So let's talk about that. So I'm an organization that would like to have butterflies for whatever reason, a nonprofit, sounds like appropriate. And I want to have butterflies. Like for a celebration. Celebration. If you're doing this, butterflies are very symbolic of change. Change. Yeah, the metamorphosis that happens. So if you, for weddings, the metamorphosis is the transition from being single to married. For births, you know, the newborn babies, it's the coming of the baby, right? So there are lots of reasons to have butterflies to help you celebrate. Well, I didn't, you know, I guess really the metamorphosis part really strikes me. So you started out by yourself because you were a hobbyist and you really liked butterflies. And now you have, you know, a dozen people or more that you work with, then you go to weddings and moments was and everything. So how did that happen?  So I started with just a garden, a butterfly garden. I started with a few plants. And lots of trial and error. And then talking with people in the associations that I belong to and what they are doing. In the mainland, butterfly releases are so much more popular than Hawaii. In Hawaii, I'm still trying to educate the public that butterflies are an option. People don't think about butterflies when they are planning a wedding or a celebration. But butterflies are native to Hawaii. There's plenty of them around, yeah? There's lots of butterflies, but again, there are lots of predators. So that's why you don't see as many as you did maybe 25 years ago. So let's go back to my scenario. So there you are sitting in your sharing the experience office and the phone rings. And it says, you say hello, Jay. And I say, you know, Darlene, I want to have some butterflies at my bar mitzvah. What happens then? So then I ask you what the date is, because if you want a lot of butterflies, we need some lead time. Then I ask you, do you want a basket release? Or do you want individuals? So my favorite is the individual because people can release their own butterfly at your celebration. It's very personal. I saw a photograph you showed me of a butterfly in a little, little tiny envelope. It's a good thing that butterflies don't have claustrophobia because I guess they don't. Because there's not a lot of room in this envelope. Can you talk about how that works? So when we put them in the envelope, we put them in a cooler. And while they are cool, they sleep. So you'd have to take them out just a few minutes before you're ready to release them.  Perfect, perfect. This is a secret. Call it a trade secret, if you will. Okay, so now I'm at the bar mitzvah and the moment is right. I mean it's a queue somehow and we have a hundred people all with these little envelopes in their pockets and it's time for the release. What do I do? So you can either do a blessing, a prayer or a poem, depending on your occasion. And then everyone stands together and releases the butterflies together. Oh, on cue. So now you have a plume, a plume of butterflies flittering around. And the chances are that if someone's wearing a lei, there will be a butterfly flying to the lei or holding a flower. There's lots of times that the butterfly will stay on their hand for a few moments before it flies off, which gives you more photo opportunities. Yeah. And so then they, do they fly away or do they sort of stay around in a group at the bar mitzvah? It depends on where you're at. If you're in a garden, you've got a good chance that the butterflies are going to stick around. If you're at the beach, they're probably going to go look for flowers where they can eat. Would you do this indoors? No, because there's no way for the butterflies to exit. There's no way for them to go. So outside of the church, outside of your venue, in the garden, pavilions are nice, but inside the butterflies are going to get stuck. Well, I wanted to, I want to ask you about the challenges of all of that. Let's take a short break, darling, and we'll come back and I'll ask you, you know, what you have to worry about, what you wake up at three o'clock in the morning thinking about, about your, your beloved butterflies and how they're doing and, and, you know, whether this is truly, you know, you mean for them. Okay. We'll be right back. Aloha, I'm Kisha King, host of Crossroads and Learning on Tink-Tek, Hawaii. On Crossroads and Learning, our guests and I discuss all aspects of education here in Hawaii and throughout the country. You can join us for stimulating conversations to enrich and liven and educate. We are streamed live on Tink-Tek biweekly at 4 p.m. on Mondays. Thanks so much for watching our show. We look forward to seeing you then. Aloha. Aloha. I'm Lillian Cumick, host of Lillian's Vegan World, the show where we talk about veganism and the plant-based diet located in Honolulu, Hawaii. I'm a vegan chef and cooking instructor and I have lots of information to share with you about how awesome this plant-based diet is. So do tune in every second Thursday from 1 p.m. Aloha. Okay, we're back. We're live. We're talking about butterflies with Darlene Lu McDowell here in Honolulu on Tink-Tek. And we are exploring just exactly how wonderful you can make your event with butterflies, live butterflies keeping your pocket and you launch them and they all fly together. And we have this fabulous video. Can you tell us about the video, Darlene? Oh, this client, the couple allowed me to share this video. But this is at Lani Kohonua in Koholina and they had 100 guests. Well, they had 100 butterflies and everyone along the aisle released a butterfly after they exchanged their vows. So there were butterflies flying everywhere. Let's take a look. Fabulous.  This is so beautiful and the butterflies are totally perfect for it. Totally perfect. Makes you want to get married, no? Yeah. So I want to thank Cash Creative for creating that awesome video. He really did an awesome job. Yeah, that's wonderful. It captures the moment. It does. The butterflies are part of it. And it's a great finale because people will remember all of the butterflies flying around. So what happens? Now I'm asking you my questions about challenges and complications that might arise. What happens if the ceremony goes a little too long and the butterflies, which have been in low temperature, refrigerator, what have you, it's getting warm. It's outside. Do they get antsy? They will be getting antsy. How do they get active? They do that. So they'll start scratching on the envelope and saying, you know, I want to come out. So the trick is to distribute the envelopes just before you're ready to release the butterflies. And you keep them cool until you distribute. Right, right. So a good method would be to put them in a basket and, you know, you have to prep your guests ahead of time and then do a quick distribution, yeah, quietly. And then right after the ceremony is done, then everyone has their envelope and the butterflies are ready to go. So when you prep your guests, what do you tell them? Keep it in your pocket. Don't keep it in your pocket. Sorry. Oh, that's too warm. Right, because that's warming them up. So what do you tell them? Just hold it. Don't hold the envelope. And lots of times, if you tell them there's a butterfly in there, they don't believe you. A live butterfly? It's so quiet. Yes. And so, yeah, don't smash the box or the envelope. Just hold it and then in a few minutes, you can release the butterfly. Amazing. So what do you have to worry about? I mean, butterflies, not all of them make it, right? That's correct, yes. You talked about the predators and I'm sure there are biological predators as well. Yes. What do you have to worry about in terms of keeping your babies alive? So one of the biggest challenges is to have enough butterflies for the event, which is the reason that I have the 15 to 20 people helping me raise the butterflies. In separate places. Yes, so that we all pull the butterflies together and that we have enough for our events. And so what could happen to the butterflies if things go wrong? They won't survive. There's a number of things that could go wrong.  No. Oh, I'm getting sad just thinking about it because butterflies are all totally sweet. It must hurt you to see one of them not make it. Yes, yes. And before I put them in the envelopes or in the basket, I tell them, come on, babies, it's showtime. And they say, okay, mom, we're ready. We gotta go. Oh, that's lovely. So is this business making money for you? I couldn't do it full time. It couldn't support me full time, but it brings so much joy to the recipients and the people that helped me raise them. I call it butterfly therapy because it really creates happiness for everyone. I don't know why, but I see, for example, somebody carrying a butterfly onto an airplane. The student challenges this passenger and the passenger says, no, this is not an ordinary butterfly. It's a service butterfly. Okay. So, you know, the state of Hawaii does not allow the import or export of insects. Yeah. So, yeah, that would be not a good thing. I don't know how they could treat a butterfly as an insect anyway. Butterflies so much more than a lowly insect. Yes. But I do ship to all the neighbor islands that X overnight. So, you know, it is possible to get the butterflies for release on the neighbor islands. What about mainland? Could you ship there? No. No, I cannot. So let's talk about your website because it's really beautiful. Thank you. Let's go to the homepage and you can give us a tour, Darlene, of your website, right? Okay. So under this page, if you can scroll down, it takes you, that's me, keep going, to a gallery of photos. And these are people that have released the butterflies. And on the right hand side, there's a flag with boots. And this was shared by my customer. So when she released the butterflies out of a basket, the butterfly flew to this soldier's boot and it stayed on the boot. Oh, how did you? Yeah. How did that happen? How did you? I tell you, butterflies are spiritual. They know. And it stayed. He had a photo and there was another photo with a butterfly, a different butterfly on his photo. And this soldier was killed in Afghanistan. So it was a number of years ago, very sad, but it brought a lot of joy to the family to see. So that's one of a number of photographs you have on your photographer, your gallery there. Yes. Can you talk about some others? Lots of these photos are provided by my customers. So they allow me to share them. But if you go to the top of the website under services, you can learn about butterfly releases, wedding releases, memorial. We do do a butterfly encounter where we go into a party and we bring the butterflies for feeding. And we teach. It's an educational experience. That's not Photoshop either. So there's a number of opportunities to interact with butterflies. But coming up on March 9th through April 19th, 2020, we will have the butterfly exhibit at Pearl Ridge. And so people can go in and feed the butterflies. We'll also have different activities outside of the butterfly house for those that are interested. So how do you how do you show them?  Yeah, it's a 17 foot by 17 foot house. And if you and other contributors put monarch butterflies in there, how do you tell which one belongs to whom? It doesn't matter. It's a commodity. It's a team of people.  We're a family of people that, you know, we all enjoy butterflies. And the people that walk in take lots of photos with their butterflies. They can feed the butterfly on a stick. So there's an opportunity to interact with the butterflies. So have you done this before at the shopping center? Have you done? Yes. So this is year number six. You're number six. Yes. You've been doing this a long time. And so you're going to continue to do this. That's my question. I'm hoping. I'm hoping to work with Pearl Ridge so that they will, you know, support the community because there's a great demand.  And years back, I'm sure you remember, everybody went out into the wild all the time. They were hiking and camping. And now we talk about environment, but we don't touch it nearly as much as we used to. Yeah. You were talking about how the number of, you know, butterflies 20, 25 years ago was so much greater. And, you know, so you're not going to go out on the IA loop trail and take a hike and see them there. You might. You might. You might. If you go. But outside of our butterfly exhibit times, I do sell starter kits. And families can raise their own butterflies. We do. How nice of you. Yes. And so it's very rewarding because I have parents that send me photos of their first butterfly and the joy that it's brought the family just to watch the whole cycle. And to teach the kids. And to teach the kids. To be careful with living beings. Well, and responsibility because, you know, they have to feed the caterpillars, but they can see them grow every day. They can see the changes every day.  Isn't that the old expression? And butterflies, you know, may not be able to support you. Where are you going to take this going forward? Give me a five or a 10-year plan. I feel certain you're going to continue in some way, but tell me how you will. My dream is to have the butterflies on Hawaii 50 or Magnum PI for a wedding.  So once that demand starts or increases, then, you know, we can talk about possibly doing this so that it can support you. Yeah, that would make them very popular around the world. Five-oh. What about just thinking, you know, if you're going to do a five-oh butterfly, you'd really like to paint the wings since Hawaii five-oh. Can you do that? No, no, no, no, no, no. It doesn't matter being humane. No, yeah. But, you know, at one of the weddings, all they have to do is release butterflies and then people would be like, I want that at my wedding or my daughter's wedding and then it would just create demand. Well, you know, although you can't, you know, actually send the butterflies, you know, transport the butterflies to the mainland or outside of Hawaii for one legal reason or another, you can certainly establish a franchise, don't you think? Jay, you're so funny. One step at a time. Okay, so how can I reach you? I go to your website, sharingthebutterflyexperience.com. There's contact information there, or my phone number is<PHONE_NUMBER>. All right. You know, it's a great contribution you make.  So that's great. Yes, that is the whole fun of this whole process. Yeah, we're here in the, you know, a factor, finance factors building, and it wouldn't surprise me, and it certainly wouldn't bother me if one day I walked out into the lobby and I saw some butterflies flying into the elevator. I think the other tenants would not agree with you. Think big, darling. Thank you so much. Thanks, Jay. I'll look forward to our next discussion. Thanks, Jay. Aloha. Aloha.