Now, Roma Wines present. Suspense! Tonight, Voyage Through Darkness, starring Olivia de Havilland and Reginald Gardner. Suspense is presented for your enjoyment by Roma Wines. That's R-O-M-A, Roma Wines. Those excellent California wines that can add so much pleasantness to the way you live. To your happiness in entertaining guests. To your enjoyment of everyday meals. Yes, right now, a glassful would be very pleasant, as Roma Wines bring you... Suspense! This is the Man in Black, here for the Roma Wine Company of Fresno, California. Tonight from Hollywood, we bring you the distinguished American leading lady of the screen, Miss Olivia de Havilland. Mr. Havilland appears as a girl named Judith Webster, who found herself embarked upon a journey into darkness. Travelling with her on this perilous voyage is that suave and debonair actor, Mr. Reginald Gardner. So, with the performances of Mr. Havilland and Mr. Gardner in this sea-going adventure play, we again hope to keep you in suspense. In 1939, shortly before England and Germany were at war, I was in London serving as travelling companion to Mrs. Edna Prescott, a wealthy, quite elderly American woman. She wasn't a pleasant person, and the city's practice blackouts were a particular source of annoyance to her. I remember thinking how ironic it was that she should die during one of them. I even thought it the cause, until the doctors assured me her death was due to a common heart ailment. I was very busy for the next few days, arranging passage to America, bringing my train ticket down to Southampton, and carrying out the promise I had made so many times to Mrs. Prescott. I didn't relish any part of that. Mrs. Webster, oh, yes, yes, yes. The young woman who's escorting the casket. Oh, here's your ticket. A gate five, please. Well, train for Southampton, this way, please. The young woman who's escorting the casket. So, as a matter of fact, as if such things occurred every day, I suppose they do. And yet, every minute on that train I felt uncomfortable. On edge, it seemed as if the trip to Southampton and the steamer docks would never end. I remember how glad I was when it did, and how cheerful Stuart's voice sounded as he greeted me at the head of the gangway. Good evening, Miss. Welcome aboard. May I show you to your cabin? Please do, Stuart. I-I'm very tired. Uh, 12 a.m., be decked. This way, Miss. Right, Miss. Uh, yet who? Police, have you? An awful thing. You have it all yourself. Thank you, Stuart. Oh, I'm sorry. Uh, here you are. Oh, it's quite all right, Miss. Uh, thanks, and good night. And call me if you need me now. Good night. In my stateroom. Perfectly safe, I realized how jittery I'd been, how upset. And now, how relieved. Suddenly I began to laugh, right out loud. My fears had been so foolish, so very foolish. The lights of the coastline fading away from us. I was standing near the aft rail quietly looking out across the water when he first spoke. Beautiful, isn't it? Oh. I'm sorry. Did I frighten you? Yes. Yes, you did. I-I didn't realize there was anyone near that lifeboat. Well, I'm sorry. I was sure you saw me. I never would have- Well, it's all right, really. I-I've been nervous tonight anyway. I-I'm not always so jumpy. What you need is an ocean voyage. Maybe that's it. Were you watching the shore lights? Yes, and I-I never did answer your question. They are beautiful. Very. And the sea alone is beautiful.  Gentle sometimes and soothing, then suddenly flying into a rage and dashing things to pieces. Then quieting right down again. That's right. I see we feel the same about her. Does she frighten you sometimes? The same way women frighten me. Oh? I mean, when I don't understand them. Well, I thought it was the general male consensus that we weren't supposed to be understood. Only loved. Isn't that the rest of it? There's something like that. Anyway, it's a philosophy I disagree with. That's refreshing. Ah, the lady is amused. Oh, not at all. It's just that the lady detects a bachelor. Because I have a mind of my own? Well, that's one good clue. Well, listen to me.  Well, wait a minute. There's another which makes it perfectly all right. It's that, uh, shipboard friendships last forever, business. However, my name is Alan Bruce. Yours? Judith Webster. Miss or...? Miss. Good. Well, we got through that. Quite nicely. You suppose we could get through a dance? There's music in the cello. Well, there's no longer any view of the shorelights. However, you did say the sea alone was beautiful. I was so wrong. It's as beautiful as monotonous as all that water. It is kind of, uh, flat. Yes, well, let's trade it for champagne, shall we? Be with you in a minute. Where are you going? Well, just over here. I wanted to do the skipper a little favor. What is it? Oh, the lifeboat cover. How did that ever get so loose? I, uh, I don't know. I-I noticed it a while back. There. Well, that should do it. It was almost as if... Oh, no. What were you going to say? Well, I was going to get melodramatic and suggest that someone might have been hiding there. You mean a stowaway? Yes. Well, of course, it's silly. I wouldn't say so. You're joking. Not at all. It's quite possible someone could have slipped on board and hid in that boat. That's why I think we shouldn't mention this to anyone. They but only cause an alarm. But I don't understand. Do you really think there might have been someone... Someone? I shall never forget that moment and the thoughts which went racing through my mind by my nervousness on the train, those horrible headlines about... about the blackout killer that news boy had shouted an hour before, Alan's strange attitude about the lifeboat, the whole unpleasant nature of this voyage, and I promised to Mrs. Prescott. I wanted to turn and run. I wanted to cry out. But somehow I couldn't. It was like a dream when you... when you can't move. We swept away and I was no longer... I was in Alan's, laughing, carefree people all about us, and the ship's cellar was so bright and friendly. I was ashamed for even thinking there might have been anything wrong. It's brought our champagne. Well, in that case, yes. I'd about given up. Well, fine way to talk about my dancing. All right. Let her go, waiter. Right you are, sir. Thank you, waiter. That'll be all. Well, what should we toast to? Shipboard friendship? Shipboard friendship. You know, I... No, nothing at all. Just thought I saw something. I... Will you excuse me a moment? Well, of course. I won't be long. Oh, excuse me, miss, but the gentleman, he dropped this billfold. Oh, thank you, waiter. I didn't notice. Would you just leave it there on the table? Very good, miss. There you are. The billfold fell open as the waiter placed it on the table. I couldn't take my eyes from it. There was an identification card in plain sight. The name on the card was not Alan Bruce. It was Charles Drew. Probably to have run off that way. I never should have. I didn't know the fellow at all. If you haven't touched your champagne, you'll let all the kick go out of it. I'm afraid all the kick has gone out of it. Well, we'll soon take care of it. Oh, my billfold. Where did you find it? It was on the floor. The waiter picked it up. The waiter? Did he look at it? No. Well, we found an honest man, eh? I have to remember him. Hadn't you better look to see if you found an honest woman? I'll take a chance. On my honesty, yes. But what about a woman's curiosity? Oh, I see. Well, now you know. Well, I must be more careful of my things in future. But you know, I'm sure you wouldn't tell anyone anything. No? No. I knew from the very first that I could trust you implicitly.    Why is the music stopped? What's the matter here? Attention! Attention, everybody! Everybody! The First Officer has something to say to us. Ladies and gentlemen, I'm sorry to break in on your dancing this way, but I assure you this won't take long. We've just received a radiogram from London. And I must ask your cooperation. Is something important? Maybe it's war with Germany? No, no, no. It isn't war. Nothing nearly as alarming as that. However, the London police suspect that we're carrying a stowaway. And they've asked us to make a thorough search of the ship and report back to them. Really? Must be a criminal? A criminal? Oh, no. I don't fancy the blackout killer. A killer? No, no. Now wait, wait a moment, please, ladies and gentlemen. It won't help to get excited. The ship is being searched. He'll never get off. All we ask is that you keep your cabins locked. I was afraid this might happen. How long did you expect to keep it from them? Naturally, I was hoping they'd never... But Judith, Judith, what's wrong? Where are you going? Hey, look at him. What's the devil? Hey, what's the matter, handsome? She run out on you? Well, please, let me through, will you? Okay, sure. Go do it, mister. Don't let her get away. You know, maybe she thinks that you're the blackout killer. Roma wines are bringing you Olivia de Havilland and Reginald Gardner. You have heard them in the first act of Voyage Through Darkness by Joel Malone, the knight's tale of suspense. It is a fact that connoisseurs of many foreign lands have discovered the excellence of Roma wines, the greatness of California's wine country from which Roma comes. But millions of Americans also know these things and have made Roma by far the most popular, the largest selling of all America's wines. Here at home, Roma wines are truly inexpensive, for only pennies of glass, your meals, your entertaining, can have the added delight of superb Roma wines. You will find them constant in quality, of unvarying excellent taste and character, fine products of age-old winemaking skill, perfected by modern knowledge. To start enjoying this really fine wine yourself, simply place on the table with dinner tomorrow, a well-chilled bottle of hearty, ruby red Roma California Burgundy. Don't worry about what the meal is or what glasses you have handy. You'll be delightfully surprised at how much extra enjoyment you get from your meal. How Roma wine makes even the simplest meal a feast. Enjoy Roma wines anytime with meals when entertaining. It's the easy and expensive way to make a big hit with guests and with the family. Be sure to ask your dealer for R-O-M-A, Roma wines made in California for enjoyment throughout the world. And now it is with pleasure that we bring back to our soundstage Miss Olivia de Havilland and Mr. Reginald Gardner, as they continue voyage through darkness, a tale well calculated to keep you in suspense. I'll never know why I let the dining cell on without telling them. Personally, they could no longer be any doubt. It was all too clear that loose canvas covering on the lifeboat, the way he'd been standing there, even the name he had given me, Alan Bruce. I saw it later on the regular passenger list. He must have killed Bruce and thrown him overboard, taking not only his name but his stateroom and clothes. It was all so, so fantastic, worse than anything else. I had almost fallen in love with him. He knew that, I'm certain. It was why he was so confident that I wouldn't tell anyone. And I didn't. Not even when I spoke to the first officer about my promise to Mrs. Prescott. I wanted to tell him. Good for early tomorrow morning. Most of the passengers will be asleep. Thank you. I suppose it's rather unusual, but then Mrs. Prescott was an unusual woman. I hadn't conducted a burial at sea since the last war. However, I'm not entirely unprepared. The company officials spoke to me about this before sailing, and, well, now, don't you worry, Miss Webster. The ceremony will be quite an order, I assure you. Thank you. Did you good day, ma'am? I wish you hadn't done that. I seem to have a habit of startling you. What do you want? How long have you been standing there? Long enough to overhear that conversation. You had no right. What are you doing in my cabin? Please, I know what you're going to say. I had no right to be here or to listen. However, it's fortunate that I did. What do you mean? I didn't know that it was Mrs. Prescott's desire to be buried at sea. No one knew it. But it was her last wish I promised her it would be carried out. And tomorrow morning, you're keeping that promise? Yes. And now, if you'll excuse me, I don't feel very well. I'd like to... Wait, please, Judith. You've been avoiding me, haven't you? Yes, I have. I hope it's only because you've been upset about Mrs. Prescott, I mean. That's one reason. Oh, I'm sorry. I almost thought we were beginning to... well, to become very good friends. You know, you're the only person on board whom I can trust. You're very sure about that, aren't you? Of course. You know who I am and what I'm doing on this ship. And yet you've told no one. I've wanted to. I know. Women were never meant to keep secrets. However, I'm going to ask you to keep one more. I'd rather not. Sorry. I must include you this time. You see, it requires a change in your plan so they'll fit in with mine. I'm afraid I don't understand. It's very simple. Judith, this may upset you, but I must ask that you tell them that you've changed your mind. That you don't want Mrs. Prescott buried at sea. What? You remember what they said. Even if they couldn't find the stairway, he'd never get off the ship. Well, he could get off very easily if you'd allow him to take Mrs. Prescott's place in that casket. What? In that casket? Yes. Clever, eh? Clever. Not every man would think of it. Simple as it may seem. Everyone searching the ship, questioning each passenger, and all the while the man they were seeking would be safe inside the casket. He would only have to wait patiently and be hoisted from the ship's hold, lowered onto the pier, and whisked safely away in a funeral car. And when he was discovered by the funeral attendants?  Stop it! Stop it, you hear! If you haven't any respect for the dead, I'm afraid I have. Oh, Mrs. Prescott, you mean. I should have told you that part of it. Her last wish has already been carried out. See, her body was removed from the casket the night we sailed. Mrs. Prescott is already buried at sea. You've thought of everything, haven't you? Yes. In my position, one must. I remained in my cabin all that day. And the next, he again. I can't explain the strange fascination he held over me. I remember how surprised the first officer looked when I told him I had changed my mind about the burial. It was as if he sensed the truth, as if he knew Mrs. Prescott's body wasn't in the casket, that it was empty. But, of course, it was only my imagination. And my sense of guilt for this terrible wrong I was doing. Where I went out on deck, he was standing there near the port rail. I went up to him. He turned and smiled as if he'd been expecting me. Oh, there you are. You haven't been under the weather? No, I've been perfectly well. You have me worried, not showing up at dinner.  Yes, I know. I've decided not to let you get away from me. After this is all over, we must, um... You have much time. Oh, that's right. This may not be easy. Wish me luck. Haven't I done more than that already? Yes, of course. Only, uh... I mean, like this, Judith. He'd taken me in his arms. He released me. And I remained there by the rail as he hurried away. I watched as the ship moved on into the harbor under the guidance of the tugboats with their shrill insistent little whistles. I listened to... the shouts of the crew along shoremen. Soon we were alongside the pier. And the steward was shouting from the head of the gangway. And then... then I saw it. I said, we put him in there. Or rather, we let him walk right into our trap. Wait a minute. Tell me there's someone else inside that casket. Well, surely you're not trying to say that you thought I was in there. Who else? Who else? You know, Judith, for someone who helped plan this entire thing, you're acting very strangely. I'm acting strangely. It's almost as if you didn't know who I am at all. I don't. What? I said I don't know you. I still don't. But the night I dropped my billfold, I thought surely you... All I learned that night was your real name, Charles Drew. You didn't look at the rest of my papers? Certainly not. But that's amazing. Say, you are different. Yes, and I suppose you're the everyday run of the mill type. Look, what is this? Oh, it's all very simple, Judith. I thought you'd learned of my affiliation with Scotland Yard when you had my billfold.  I've even been called a bloodhound. Then, all this time, you've been trailing the killer. That's right. We had a tip-off, he might be on the ship, and when I discovered the loose lifeboat covering, I was certain of it. Then Alan Bruce, he... he wasn't murdered at all. He never existed. Just a name I was using. Good Lord, Judith. You know detectives never travel under their own names, it just isn't done. No, no, everything has to be done the hard way. I suppose that that's why you just didn't find the killer and arrest him on board. Oh, no. Hardly. You see, I couldn't find him. Searched the ship from top to bottom, and I guess he really would have given me the slip if I hadn't looked in the casket. He was hiding there all the time. No, it was empty. I don't get it. And neither did I at first. Then I began to wonder why he would remove Mrs. Prescott's body from her casket unless it was part of some plan. And... And I decided that it was. A weird yet thoroughly clever plan. Remember I told you not every man would think of it? Yes, you did say that. He had only to wait patiently until the ship docked. Then, at the last minute, slip into the casket. And be hoisted out of the hold, onto the pier, and whisked safely away in the funeral car. And think, if it hadn't been for you, he might have gotten away with it. Oh, you helped plenty by calling off that burial, leaving the way open for him. Oh, no, Charles. I nearly wrecked everything. I thought you were the killer. Well, no wonder you avoided me. I was so mixed up. I thought I knew so much. No, no, it's my fault, darling. I overestimated you. Is it all clear to you now? Well, I... No, that is it. It's clear about how well the killer and the casket, but I don't know whether... What? You mean about the lifeboat? No, no, about you. I'm not clear whether or... You mean whether or not I'm really Scotland Yard? Well, I am. You can really... No, I'm just not sure whether... But Judith, there's nothing else. Oh, except, of course, that I love you and... What was that again? I said, I love you. Uh, how can I be sure? Judith, darling. Oh, Charles. Uh, that makes it very clear. Edge through darkness, starring Olivia de Havilland and Reginald Gardner. Tonight's study ends and directed by William Spear. If you are one who does not yet know how much and how delightfully Roma wines add to your meals, well, let me urge you not to miss out any longer on such a treat as this. There's nothing complicated about it. Just get and serve Roma wine with any meal or any time in any kind of glass you wish. Serve it chilled. Try the many different kinds of Roma wine until you find those you like best of all. Try Roma California Sherry with its wonderful nut-like flavor as an appetizer. Or Ruby Red Roma Burgundy or the deliciously delicate-flavored Roma sautern. These superb wines cost you only pennies a glassful. Yet they make even the simplest meal taste like a million dollars. Get some today. And if your dealer is temporarily out of Roma, please try again soon. Ask for R-O-M-A. Roma wines. America's largest selling wines. Made in California for enjoyment throughout the world. This is Olivia de Havilland. I have certainly enjoyed appearing here at Night on Suspense, which is a program I've admired for a very long time. Our government has asked us to bring to the attention of women listeners a very important message. In spite of our wonderful victories on all the fighting fronts, you must remember that the war is by no means over or nearly over. Hundreds of thousands of women must get into war work this year. You're desperately needed, both because you are admirably fitted for these jobs and because you represent the only adequate source of labor to replace the men in the armed forces and in the heavy war industries. Make a realistic appraisal of your household duties and your state of health. Talk it over with your family and with friends who are now employed in war work or in one of the branches of the women's armed services. If you are still in doubt after analyzing the situation, go to the United States Employment Service office and ask for information about the kinds of full-time or part-time jobs for which you are best suited. We cannot stress too highly how vitally necessary your immediate action can be. And here is a thought for everyone. Six million Americans are fighting overseas. Here at home, let us all remember that until final victory everywhere, winning the war still comes first with every last one of us. Reginald Gardner appeared through the courtesy of 20th Century Fox, producers of Daryl Afzanik's Wilson. Next Thursday, same time, Joseph Cotton will be your star of suspense. Presented by Roma Wines, R-O-M-A. Made in California for enjoyment throughout the world. This is CBS, the Columbia Broadcasting System.


Welcome once again to the breakfast here in Plastiv Africa. Now let's go back a little bit in history. I'm making a stop in 2016 and we're going to be talking about a coup d'etat that of course was almost successful in Turkey. It took place on this day and the president of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan was almost just almost kicked out of government but of course it failed. When I read the story I had to imagine what it would be like when you try to overthrow a government and you fail and what type of trouble or the level of a wahala. I agree he was almost kicked out of government. People didn't support that coup. Yeah that's the thing. There was an attempt and then of course the people who were loyal to the government stood up for him. There was a faction of the army then that attempted to kick him out of government but it failed and so they eventually of course were arrested. Recep Tayyip Erdogan has been in recent times been one of the most popular Turkish leaders and if you remember when Jamal Khashoggi was killed. He was one voice that was very very loud because it happened in Turkey and I was thinking at this point he probably would be able to do more with speaking the truth with regards to what happens around the world. But on this day a co-attempt was carried out in Turkey against state institutions including the government and the president. The attempt was carried out by a faction within the Turkish Armed Forces that organized themselves as the Peace at Home Council. The council cited an erosion of secularism, elimination of democratic rule, disregard for human rights and Turkey's loss of credibility in the international arena as reasons for the coup. The government said the coup leaders were linked to the Gulen government which was designated as a terrorist organization by the Republic of Turkey and led by Fertullah Gulen. Events around the coup attempt and purges in its aftermath reflect a complex power struggle between Islamist elites in Turkey. At the time of course about 300 people were killed and more than 2,100 were injured on this day in 2016. Many government buildings including the Turkish Parliament and presidential palace were bombed from the air and of course mass arrests followed with at least 40,000 detained including at least 10,000 soldiers who were also detained. There's also not very many clear reasons why judges, more than 2,000 judges were also detained after the coup attempt. I was asking myself then how do you arrest 10,000 people? Where do you keep them? Who even picks them up? Where are the facilities to keep 10,000 people on the custody? It must be Black Maria. It cannot be Black Maria. Can that just be Black Maria? But hey, that's what happened on this day. But the good thing that you pointed out is the fact that it was resisted by forces loyal to the government and the government forces. My God! If you remember also, I think there was something similar that happened in was it Egypt now? I don't remember where that was. Where there was meant to be a coup but they had of course stormed the media, organizations, TV stations and all of that but it was also resisted by the people now. And of course at the same time forces loyal to government. I've heard a similar story like that before. So if only, okay, because of the sensibilities of langerians, I won't make that reference to our home case here and they'd be offensive or I wouldn't go there, you know, for people to troll me in the comments. But my point is, when we look at what happened in 2016, I personally would describe this as almost a victory, almost like a victory for democracy because the army in Turkey, you know, have taken it upon themselves to be sort of like a protector of the democracy in Turkey. They've been about four coups since 1960. They always feel they need to chip in when they feel that the government is going astray. They always feel they need to chip in to say, oh, this government isn't doing right by the people and they were going to topple it. Now that's, there's so many angles to this. Look at this, that's a government that seems to be loyal to the states, not a government that is loyal to the president, that is under the whip, an army rather, that is loyal to the government, unlike what we see in other parts of, in other developing nations and it seems that the executive controls every other arm of government, but no. When they feel that the president is doing, you know, carrying out policy decisions that is not in favor of the people, they go ahead and, you know, they do their thing, they carry out a coup. In this particular situation in 2016 in Turkey, it's funny how, you know, young soldiers were involved in this. They had no idea that they were participating in a coup.  After everything was over, they now found out that they were actually part of a coup. They had told them that they were just going through a military drill, military exercises, combat training. They had no idea that they were being used. That's one. Also, at the end of the day, when everything was over, you saw that these soldiers, they had left their, they had left their ammo, they had left their tanks, they had just abandoned everything because it was over for them. Type Edelman was at a resort. He was having a great time when he heard news of this. He called on the supporters to immediately take action. At that dead of the night, Turkish, you know, residents came out wearing, you know, clothes with the description of flags of Turkey to resist that coup. They say, no, they're standing up for democracy. The army said they're protecting democracy. So the people say, no, we are standing up for democracy. I remember the army storming TV stations and people taking them back. Exactly. But the people resisted that even opposition groups, you know, like in Nigeria, we say the opposition parties would begin to support that coup. They condemned that. The international groups, you know, condemned that. But what's weird about the stories, we still don't know who exactly spearheaded the coup. You know, all fingers pointed to Gulen, but he even condemned the coup. So it was a very, you know, dicey situation. Nobody knew what exactly was the origin of this. People who were even part of the coup were misinformed or misled. But the great thing is that that coup failed in 2016 and his two presidents- If it was successful, probably someone would have, you know, been obviously, you know, you know, seen as a leader or, you know, the person would have- Yeah, that would definitely come up. But now that it has- There was no chance. Nobody wants to associate it with failure. Oh, my God. From 2016, well, let's go back to the year 1979. What happened in Eastern history, July 15, was about Jimmy Carter. He spoke about a national issue in the country, a crisis and confidence. And he basically, you know, took a look at the energy situation in America. He already had, you know, before then emitting at Camp David and Maryland with leaders and fields in business, in labor, education, politics and religion. He basically was talking about them about, you know, the energy crisis in the U.S., talking about the need for energy policies to change, you know, the energy consumption in the U.S., oil consumption as well. You know, he said that there was a threat to these particular issues and he had to begin to create policies that would change the way, you know, that was seen in the U.S. So at the end of everything, what Carter did was that he launched his energy policy plan. Now this included the implementation of mandatory conservation efforts for individuals and businesses in the nation, you know, and deep cuts in the U.S. dependent on foreign oil. Jimmy Carter also pledged a massive commitment of funds and resources to develop alternative fuel sources including coal, plant products, solar power. He outlined the creation of his solar bank that would eventually supply about 20% of the nation's energy. And to jumpstart this program, Carter then asked Congress to form an energy mobilization board modeled after the war production board of the World War II. He asked the legislature to enact a windfall profit tax immediately to fight inflation and unemployment. Well, Carter also ended up, you know, asking for imputes from I won't say Nigerians or Americans, from average citizens to help him devise an energy agenda for the 1980s. Carter was known to be a liberal president, you know, heading into the presidential campaign just as a tide of conservatism was rising. You know, he basically made sure that he tried his best to spare head the energy conversations around that time and to some extent that was successful. Yep.  They have theirs in storage and they have policies concerning, you know, concerning the energy that works for them in the bigger picture. You know, they plan for the next 15, 20, 25, 30 hundred years. We, on the other hand, plan for, you know, today and what we can do next week. You know, we're never thinking about what happens in the next five years. We've not started making those energy plans. We've not started making, you know, actual, you know, moves concerning where we want Nigeria. We've not started making those for climate change. You see, that's a consensus. Yeah, you know, but it's mostly because because if there's no environment in the next five years, you would not exist. Africa contributes about only about 3% to, you know, global climate challenges, you know, so it's not our biggest problem here in Africa. I've seen, I've seen. To be honest, that's a misconception because we all need to be aware of the dangers that are happening with our environment because it's not going to, when we begin to feel the effects, it's not just going to, okay, for example, the way we were talking about this yesterday and we talk about, you know, pollution in the air and gas flaring, it's not just going to be about, you know, a particular place in Potacot. With time, if these things are not checked, it begins to affect the whole of the country and spread to the whole of the world. So we need to have that mindset that this is our planet and not just that, oh, it's not affecting us. And I wasn't saying what our contributions as a continent are to the global climate crisis. Not, you know, what we're suffering is what our contributions are. You can't say I am not the part of the problem, so the problem will not affect me. Understand this point. Okay. So it sounds very, very beautiful to say, oh yeah, everybody needs to be aware of climate change. And Nigeria needs to stop gas flaring, which I have also said a lot of times, you know, we're wasting away gas. You know, with which, you know, we need to take the moves on gas flaring. First of all, we should be able to earn more from gas, you know, then just burn it away. That's one. And then second will be the climate, you know, change aspect. But if you look at what the major concerns are for developing nations across the world, including Nigeria, you would be able to realize that if you take away some of all these things, the major challenge is hunger, it's poverty, it's healthcare, it's infrastructure. We should start to, of course, assort us ourselves with countries that are making moves with regard to climate change and, you know, changing policies with regard to climate change, no doubt. But if we don't address the common issues that the Africans, the African man is facing, look at what's going on in South Africa. If we don't address those common issues, you would be deceiving yourself, telling, you know, mama in the village that she should stop using firewood.  She can't afford clean energy. And so, yes, we need to make those moves like you've said. It sounds so good. It's great to say that on the podium when campaigning. But it's not the reality of what we have on ground here. We have very, very, very major issues that affect the African continent and the African, well, you know, mostly, let's look at Nigeria and some of all these other very, very poor countries that if you don't address those things, you can't start telling people that they should switch off their light. We're going to continue this argument off camera because, you know, it's time for us to go now. But that's what happened today in history in 1979, June 15 President Jimmy Carter began a series of conversations and national policies about the energy crisis in the U.S. And you talked about the the failed coup in Turkey in 2016. We'll take a break here and we'll be right back for our first big conversation.