Hello everyone, my name is Jim Bandel and I'm hosting you for this deep adaptation Q&A with Scott Williams today. And it's really, I'm really pleased that Scott's joining us because he is a scientist really, really in looking at hazards, risks and so on at a really deep level and a cutting edge level with the UN system. He's a consultant and has worked for over a decade now with the UN Disaster Risk Reduction Agency on what became the UNDRR and working as a contributing lead author to the report that they do, which summarizes the state of knowledge on risks to humanity and what to do about them. So he's joining us from Switzerland where he's lived for eight years. Scott, thank you for joining. Thank you very much, Jim. And yeah, great to see what we have 16, 17 people now. Hello, wherever you are in the world. So first up, it's a bit like an alphabet soup to the UN system. And although I worked with the UN as a consultant for over 10 years, there was a new acronym. So I was wondering if you could also just help people understand what is the UNDRR? Why does it exist? What does it exist to do? Yes, alphabet soup is an alphabet jungle. It's a bit of a mess. And actually, this agency is probably more of a mess than many of the others because it was actually established in the end of the 1990s, at the end of what was called the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, which was a good idea back at the end of the 80s after a series of large scale catastrophic disasters that happened in many parts of the world. Initially, it was set up as something called UNISDR because the world's governments agreed on this idea of an international strategy for disaster reduction, maybe it'd be a good idea if we had a strategy. We weren't so ad hoc about the way we were approaching the challenges of an increasing profile of risk around the world. And so it was called UNISDR, even though it was set up as the UN Office of Disaster Risk Reduction. This is all a bit tedious and boring, yes. But it's actually created challenges in terms of people understanding how does the UN manage risk? Is there an office that deals with this? Or is it throughout everything? Because all of the different parts of the UN, whether it's the Food and Agricultural Office, FAO, or World Food Program, doesn't matter. They have, they're obviously all managing different types of risks. But this is a specific body, which is a secretariat body, which has the specific responsibility to report back to countries of the world and to everybody, all humans, on the general state of risk, or the understanding, what's called the global assessment of risk. But it's also the agency which is responsible for being the custodian, as they call it, the person, the organization that has to manage the way the world is implementing the intergovernmental agreements, these big agreements that happen every five or 10 or 15 years. And the first of these was called the Hyogo framework back in 2005. Before that, there were a number of countries that were starting to take risk seriously. But actually, after the signing of the Hyogo framework, we had about 160, 870 countries who had signed on and said, we're going to do something about risk. Why is that? Because the boxing dates tsunami, the 26 December 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, which killed more than 300,000 people and literally caused ripple effects across the planet, got people's attention as often happens. Big events, all of a sudden politicians are, oh, what are we going to do about this investors? What are we going to do about this? Businesses are, this is having an impact. And it got raised up the profile of risk at that time still considered natural disaster risk was elevated quite significantly for a short period of time. Unfortunately, the focus at that time was still around natural disasters. It was still around these sort of acts of God, these cyclones would come in and level cities, these earthquakes that would impact cities. Oh, how terrible. And yes, they are terrible. Dialing forward to 2015, after the first 10 years of this intergovernmental agreement, and it was only a 10 year agreement. Something called the Sendai framework was then agreed, which is a 15 year agreement, which sort of lines up with what some people on this call may know about the Paris agreement and the sustainable development goals to be this sort of somewhat integrated approach to how we move forward with something which was called risk informed sustainable development. So that's how we get to now having the UN Office of Disaster Risk Reduction in 2022, about to launch whatever it is the fifth or the sixth version of this report, this big fat report, global assessment report, that's the 2019 version. They do it every two or three years. And then we're going to move Gary, that looks that looks like a disaster in itself that long. Oh, it's a wonderful read. Oh, who hasn't read this, this is Harry Potter forget that this is gold. No, I don't think anyone in the world's read this whole thing. Have you have you. Yes, yes, I have. For better or worse, and going to sleep with it many a night. But during that period actually there has been there has been a shift in terms of an understanding that what people were doing in terms of what I would call thingifying risk, modeling risk. And every time you try and model risk within a complex living system, you necessarily cut out lots of stuff to be able to come up with a number. The one in 200 year probability of a flood in Vienna or whatever it might be. But, but that is necessarily reducing lots and lots of complexity which is constantly and dynamically shifting. And so there has been a shift which I've been part of over the last decade with a number of people trying to bring in this notion that risk is not a thing. It's part of a process. Let's think of it more in the context of a verb that actually what we do as humans, how we choose to build things, what we choose to study, what we choose to model, how we choose to invest in things, how we choose to make policy. Actually, they are the drivers that actually then impact on natural processes, atmospheric processes, oceanic processes, even tectonic processes, which then create more hazards. But it's us creating the vulnerability by choosing to live in silly places and to live in those places in silly ways. Very few places in the world have actually come to terms with and built and created their societies in a way which is compatible in any way with the sorts of risks which they're exposed to. And so there has been a move towards, okay, can we get away from just trying to model things and have these perfect answers, which were never perfect answers, but people believed in them because they wanted the certainty to actually, can we be in sort of a mutual non knowing uncertain space where we can bring many different perspectives, not just the the science, the perspectives the more mathematical perspectives the Newtonian physics perspectives, but actually some of the more the indigenous ways of knowing the relational ways of knowing, and being more in an understanding of the unknowableness of the dynamic nature of living living systems. And can we think about how we could bring them together to have a better understanding, not an understanding but a better understanding and that's the work that I'm doing with you at the moment. So I'm aware of for example the limitations of scientific methods in the climate field for how then climatologists can conclude about the hazard and the risk and the timing. And then we're beginning to see some climatologists talk about cascading effects as well so that that how all manner of different tipping points might cascade into each other. And they're beginning to really recognize also how talking about uncertainty and the modeling doesn't mean, oh it's uncertain and therefore chill out everyone. And so it sounds like that's the same in a much broader range of risk areas and climate so we're talking like food we're talking like, well, could you just give us an example of, of, give us one tangible example away from climate where what you're talking about really matters. I think you I think you're touching on a pretty important point actually which is this absurd compartmentalization and separation of realities, which are not, which are interdependent in every possible sense of the word. The climate folks not talking to the disaster risk folks not talking to the sustainable development folks not talking to the water folks not talking to the equality. And unfortunately, the SDGs have actually enshrined and doubled down on that separation 17 pretty boxes SDG one that's what I do I do SDG seven oh I'm a climate person I'm a risk person. What are you talking about. We're human beings, but we're humans as part of life. And this ability, which has really developed since you know the enlightenment period but actually goes all the way back to Plato's understanding of the separation of mind and body. That we can categorize things and say we can understand this in this way and this in this way and pretend that underneath that and what I call that is that's managing the trees. So it's trying to manage the trees make sure that the trees are okay without actually nourishing the soils without actually understanding that underneath the trees underneath the manifestations of climate risk or the manifestations of the reduction in soil food system context, or the issues with global supply chain disruptions as a result of X number of things, but actually underneath that is is a set of system conditions, which give rise to a heightened probability and possibility of all of these things manifesting themselves. But actually underneath that is it is a layer which is even more important I think which is at the level of the metaphors that we use. And that's the then habituated in the way that we then think about, and are even able to perceive the interdependencies of all of these different aspects that you're talking about. And when I'm talking about the metaphors it's the metaphor of being able to solve and fix and control and dominate that nature is some sort of a machine, as opposed to my silly or more ecological approach to understanding that you can't fix you can't fix a forest. You can fix trees, you can plant trees, but you can't actually fix a forest, or you can do is nourish into it. And that notion of uncertainty is taking on board that there are aspects of all of those connections that you are part of that you can never fully understand and being humble enough and holding that confusion to say, but actually with enough perspectives from enough different places in conversation, learning together, you can actually get a better understanding. There's a fear that that better understanding would lead us in the direction of our serious embarrassment and cringe factor that, oh, we might have set things up a little wrong. This whole economic system thing, this whole living very concentrated urban spaces, maybe wondering that's creating the risk. I'm wondering as I listen to you. How many people within the disaster risk reduction field, let alone within the UN disaster risk reduction agency. Think that what we need to do is understand about the entirety of the way that we are the way we relate to each other and nature and the, the, the risk that we create through just the ways we're choosing to live and the systems we're choosing to build. How many people think like that or how many people are just looking at that massive report that you've done and think, great, I now know how to better dominate the planet to really reduce risk. I mean, how unusual is your more holistic integrated way of thinking about this. Oh, well, when I started on this journey I had here so that probably gives you an indication of how challenging this decade. There's a lot of factors at play as well but no. There's not many people. There's very few. Not that there's very few who actually hold these on this broader more holistic understanding a trans contextual understanding a multi perspective a multi epistemic perspective there's many, many people I'm really interested in how you got to that point but I'm going to just leave it at that moment, because therefore, knowing what you know from the best in the mainstream forms of modeling and all the different areas you've mentioned, and also knowing the limits that that has revealing the reality where we're at. How bad is it for us right now. How bad. I think I think it's worse than really anybody I've ever met can imagine. I would say. I think the perspective that I bring in and in saying that there's lots of people who understand have have a broader understanding and indigenous knowledge keepers that I work with in particular have a very good understanding of the holistic and relational way of being with a lot. The UN spaces in the intergovernmental spaces in the investment spaces and I worked in corporates and investment space for over 20 years. This this metaphor at the very fundamental level of your existence you're being on this planet is is shifted at such an early age, about the age of four or five when you go into the conventional educational system. This education what I am saying is there is a process in that educational system, which forces you to categorize things and get assessed on how you know those categories and different parts of those categories. That then is then double down on in terms of the financial remuneration you get at being better than other people and being able to categorize and compartmentalize and be able to know those categories and compartmentalizing is better than other people. That is where the power in the system sits at the moment, not in those who are displaying their full humanity, their deep complexity of understanding that they don't understand anywhere near what they thought they understood yesterday last year the day before releasing oneself from the notion of being an expert of being someone who knows what's going on. If you do that, it does lead to an existential crisis. I've been through that process. It, it led me into institutionalization briefly and and mental breakdown territory and requiring a lot of care and support to be rebuilt. Many people don't want to go through that they glimpse it what we're talking about, because you can't not if you're in Istanbul last week, and it's snowed 60 centimetres, and the whole city like, hmm, let me think let me talk about grandfather and see if this has ever happened of course it has never happened. These things that people are experiencing and observing, but being able to hold that dissonance pays well. Being able to hold the integrity of the observations and your behaviors does not and is not rewarded, and it is seen as antagonistic and not welcome in many spaces. It doesn't mean that it shouldn't be there and it's what I try to desperately do and it is heartbreaking most days of my work within the UN system. Having said that, there is a lot of really good human beings, beautiful human beings who have been habitualized into a way of understanding and being told this is how we fix things we get money. We form a project we shove it on a community. Hey presto they're happy. No. Did we understand the relationships? No, we didn't. I just want to understand a bit more about what you're touching on there, but I'm sorry for the just got a building site that started a few hours ago next door. I think what you're saying is that your knowledge of risk of all kinds basically arising from the way that we live when I say we well modern societies live on this planet is the way we're destroying so much right now and we've got so much shit coming towards us very soon. And it's incredibly troubling to witness that and understand it but it's also incredibly difficult when that also then sort of almost issues a judgment on the way one has learned to be in this world and make sense of it and progress as well to be successful and end up having a good career and doing the kind of work you do. And then also this awful kind of it's a weird loneliness of like, can't you see everyone like wake up. So is it is it those things together which which crushed you somewhat. And also you value, because it sounds like it's massively transformative it sounds like you identifying that processes, how you ended up arriving at your sort of more holistic world view now. Is that what I've heard you say or is there something else. I, the, I think that the the tonality of what you said, absolutely. I can't remember all of what you said it was beautiful. Jim, but yeah, I certainly, you know, 10 years ago, I was in the shouty listen to me, I know that this is all wrong.  Let me lead a team. I'm going to take us in the right direction. And I did genuinely I think at the time feel that I was perceiving and seeing things from the perspective of being within deep within that system that as I call it the sociopathic systemic arbitrage system that is designed as you said it's an economic system which is designed to destroy life. That is what it is designed to do. If you can objectify and commoditize life, you can get people to pay for it. You can make money you can be powerful in our system is deliberately designed to and I could see that. But the context in which I lived and the abductive process that I was actually able to live I was still surrounded by walls of offices and surrounded by people who are very, very sure and certain of themselves which helped me to feel comfortable being sure and certain of myself. In the last few years I've spent more of my time as much of my time as possible every day at least in a forest environment in a in the mountains I'm lucky enough to be in Switzerland have access to these infinitely complex but also infinitely generous spaces and generous in terms of a spiritual sense. It's like a logical sense of physical in all ways. And so instead of being that shouty guy who's you know up on the platform going look at me look at me I've got all the answers just give me some money I'll fix the world which certainly was the way that when I look back at that cringe. I didn't, I didn't know any better I'd been schooled that that is the way that you can change the world. You know lead from the front and all about. And now, recognizing that my context of shifted so much that I am more in relationship with the, the, the generosity and that sense of reciprocity which exists in natural while spaces that I can. It has changed me embodied within me to then be able to carry that into spaces and hold this sense of stochastic generosity is what I call it for want of a better word. I'm trying to be kind and generous. At all times, even when people are being abusive, even when people are being destructive and judgmental, just playing into those spaces with a sense of, I love and care for you, and I accept your love and care. I do bring all of this experience and knowledge which may be useful in our conversation, but at a human to human level. And we just get beneath our egos beneath all those constructs and talk about where we feel vulnerable where we feel scared and and what we not not me and me but what we can do about this and helping people to try to find their way into a space where it's okay not to know just to be your own mute. Jim, I think. Sorry, I'm fascinated there and how you've talked about immersion in nature by choice with mountain running, I believe, and, and how that helps somehow do something to you you talk about it being spiritually nourishing in a way that affects then how you show up at work. In a context, or even worse, you know, than a decade ago, and that I'm wondering is it, is there a flavor of surrender and of cherishing. Like, it's, it's not okay you're all objects of my agency. It's now. Wow, we're in such a mess, and I don't know quite how what we're going to do and how make sense of this and do something good so. Hi, I'm Scott who are you let's let's let's try as you say drop the egos and start from there is that is that um, is that what I've heard and my next question is, are other people in your line of work, getting to that point of some sense of surrender. Are you cherishing being alive and just cherishing being able to try. Yeah.  Because of this sense of the enclosure. You know, there was obviously in your, your British by background, I think we're born at least in, or live some of your life there I mean the enclosures of land that happened during the sort of you know 1516 centuries and beyond were part of the enclosure, and the separate separation, but there was also the enclosure of cognition, and the enclosure of of imagination. And I think what time in wild spaces has helped me to re re be in is is this sense of spaciousness, which allows for that curiosity. Within that spaciousness that everybody is able to be in relationship in a way which is, which is can be more it can be more playful. I believe that this is really important I believe it. Excellent. Let's, let's play with that instead of I believe it's really important therefore this is right. I believe this is this is definitely right. And to move away from that sort of very clear clarity and pop and polarizing language which is so tormenting our world with covered for one thing but but it has been for many years with climate and other issues that a spaciousness to be able to play with where the edges of those polarizing views are. Yes, so, so one of the things I'm playing within in the UN is this idea of being curious, and it sounds childish, a bit and play and a bit silly in the context of all of these intergovernmental agreements and all this stuff and billions of dollars and but actually, it's one of the most powerful intrinsic internal motivators for human beings to be where we've got to today, but also to where we might need to get to tomorrow. Being more curious can help stimulate the imagination. If we can imagine a different way of being in relationship with each other which is not transactional.  I'm just here today because I just love being in in a space of open exchange where I don't know where it's going to go with other people. Being able to hold that in a space which is very transactional. So the UN system is still very transactional quite as much as the financial system, but actually it's an intermediary of the financial system to the perpetuation of sort of systemic colonial So it has those transactional characteristics I'll do something for you, you'll do something for me. When you're in a forest, when you're in a wild space that sense disappears there's no transaction unless you got chains are on your hand and then yeah there's a transactional thing going on. But if you just walk into a forest if you just sit in a wild space. There is so many relationships so many things going on that there isn't expanding that is possible. And a releasing is, I know there's some certain about this. Well, maybe I'm not as certain as I thought I can bring that back in to those more certain spaces to help people to play with a little bit more. So we may have, we may have questions because the way you're talking to me is very resonant with with a lot of the, what people do in the deep adaptation field and the way and the way we talk about being okay with not knowing being really relishing the curiosity and and surprises and simply with the starting point of no longer believing that we can reform the current system to avoid catastrophe. And that it's going to be really bumpy and really difficult but it's going to stay positive, creative, rather than just dig a bunker. It's trying to be more positive and creative in response to that view the current situation and the future. There's a number of ways we could go now with the conversation, because also we talked about in terms of what could be the women we invited people to the conversation. What could be the role of an intergovernmental system to help somehow cope with societal breakdown and collapse if there's such a nice possibility. So I don't want to ask you about that, but first, I want to just say for the people who are joining us on this call. Send your questions for Scott to Stuart. So rather than put them in the chat box send them directly to Stuart it says Stuart questions to Stuart please if you see that and then and then we'll come to you. But before we do that. Yeah, I just want to because we made when we get questions from people we may go the governance level we may go into personal consciousness all sorts nature immersion. Let's see what people want to ask but before we do that. You still work with the UN system, you still struggle to produce reports like that that you showed us. I guess there is some faith in you or some hope in you, or some certainty in you that the intergovernmental sector can do something to somehow slow or soften the breakdown of modern industrial societies, or somehow plant something that might help. After that collapse, or there's another motivation in you. I think it's just as simple as as being present in those spaces where a shift in perception could be the action that changes everything. And what I mean by that is, you know, showing up in a way where I am, where I am less certain, because I am less certain. That report that I'm party, you know, I'm one of the contributing authors for next year. I wanted to write my chapter in poetry. And you should have seen the looks on the editorial faces and the expert group as we can't. No, no, no, no, no, it's an intergovernmental report. They must really respect your work for you to still be in post after having suggested poetry. Yes. Yeah, and this is the strange thing that, you know, I think maybe less people in the conventional spaces respect me. But actually, more people are interested in this notion of being curious in a space where you're not really allowed to this is the format this is how it has to be. Can't we just do some pictures and stuff and some poetry. We've got to hold the complexity in a different way and the pros is just flattening and it's a demented left right linearity. And actually what I'm speaking to here doesn't work well in pros, really at all. So a couple of poems were put in to the to the chapter but they've been excised and put onto the editorial cutting floor not surprisingly. Do I have an ulterior motive. No, I think ever since we started talking gem. The reason why we did start talking is because I'm very confident that the extinction of our species is is is in any sort of meaningful way pretty pretty soon. And we can walk towards that in a way which is increasingly violent and increasingly polarizing and increasingly destructive, which appears to be the way that certainly those in positions of power and influence are increasingly deciding to go. Or we can sort of take a little bit of a scribble out of the book of some of those so called blue zone places and regenerative and reverberative and generous communities and out of the knowledge, the oral knowledge and wisdom of indigenous communities, and maybe a bit more music and dance and play as ways to explore into complexity in a way which removes both the burden which many people feel of being an expert of being the one who knows, knowing that they definitely don't know, which maybe is at the heart of much of the, a lot of the mental health issues that many people in countries where you would say they have what they need to be able to exist are feeling this burden. So my ulterior motivation if it's anything is that we can just be more playful and enjoy being with each other more as we face increasingly grim. Breakdowns the atmospheric oceanic system has now broken down the Arctic Ocean melting at the rate it's melting. It's destroying the physics of the northern hemisphere which impacts obviously on the southern hemisphere. The stability of seasonality is at risk now it's starting to break down that ends the food system at anywhere near the scale we're talking about little and transport systems energy systems and all of those fixed built systems that we have. So when that happens. Do we start fighting each other. Do we go into grim, as you said, bunkerization of everything put the walls up, keep trying to keep people out, or do we open our arms and say my house is your house my food is your food.   As well as playing in spaces where I'm feeling that love and that generosity and that curiosity. Partly that's in forests. Partly that's in in warm conversations like da holds. But but also going back and forward and shuttling back and forward, getting drained and overwhelmed and heartbroken, going back and replenishing myself, going back in, because every time that one person has a shift in perception. The world of possibilities opens that wasn't there previously, and that might be in those possibilities that we can step forward over these very difficult few years. I just realized I'm feeling very greedy and I just want to keep talking to you, but I also know that we, we've got other questions. But just before we go to Rebecca for a question, two things that I really want to hear. I've never heard someone talk about reverberative, particularly after talking about regenerative. Could you just say something about that but also I think I'm hearing a call for and a commitment for and a truth of kindness in that so governing collapse any contribution from any person in the international system that any system can make is well how can I, how can I notice the way that I'm responding first and other people to increasing vulnerability and disaster and worrying news. How can I, how can I respond as kindly and curiously and playfully that's something else you said, that's possible. I've never heard a sense of ultimate surrender in you that whether it you're certain or you consider it very likely that the human is extinction is on the horizon and not in a million years, much sooner than that. So, any, yeah, any comments and then we're going to Rebecca. Human extinction and our sort of current configuration I guess, you know, I certainly hold that I'm 14 billion odd years old I'm just bunches of stardust mashed together in a different form which allows me to be on this device in conversation with you but I'm not going anywhere I'll just be recomposed into some other form somewhere on this planet and maybe somewhere off this planet who knows but it's just matter and energy and just happened to have this beautiful chance to be able to be in a discussion in this way right now. I think that perspective helps as well. The hundred years is actually not my, my, my life it's just my current configuration. In terms of the governing of collapse and the sense of surrender that probably links to that. It's both a surrender but it's also a an open arm welcoming of the end of an economic system which is based on objective objectification exploitation cruelty domination and control. So I'm super happy and hoping that we can accelerate out of that as fast as possible, because there are other ways of being, which are more reverberative to that word which is a word that I think Ian McGillchrist, maybe was one of the first who wrote about that in the master series but I think it probably goes back a long way before that this notion of a multi directional the way our brain works, the way, the way indigenous cultures actually held their relationships with all life reverberate both generous, but it's also reciprocal. So there's a reciprocity and a generosity going on simultaneously. Because everything is obviously in relationship with everything. At all times, I'm playing with this idea within that, that idea of trying to bring people into possibly a different way of perceiving their world and maybe having more recognition of the constraints from the context which they've grown up in and existed in their cultural their linguistic their family their educational, which have actually reduced the choices that they can make. But actually holding at that level, it eliminates the possibility of judging a person for making bad decisions. Someone like a Boris Johnson, someone say he makes a lot of bad decisions. But actually if you think about the context in which he has got to his 50 odd years old. How could it be almost any other without having people within his space saying, hang on buddy, hang on. That's not a kind and caring way to be being constantly reinforced that that's a great way to be up and onwards buddy. So actually just making the choice to be kind and carry caring, whenever you can in any space, regardless and knowing that there will be a reciprocity there. Not looking for it not seeking it and certainly not seeing any attribution of change in a system. I'm not trying to change anything. But I know that if you are in as a forest is it constantly generously flowing resources the resources and the currency of a forest is the water. It's the it's the exchanges be of nutrients between fungal and like fungi and lichen and the roots of trees and the leaves and birds and the and everything. Those currencies are so much more important than artificial currencies which actually work to destroy those currencies. So I'm playing with this idea of and it's a long term but I hit for short hetero phenomenological intergenerational polycultural and playful governance. So it has to be playful cool. It has to be intergenerational we've got to be able to bring the wisdom of elders together with the the freedom and the immediacy and wonder of young of younger people. But we've also got to do that in a way which is not auto phenomenological I maintaining that narrative story which is always wrong my story is wrong. Because I will continue to self correct and defend my ego until I die. And so will the Saudi Arabian government. So will you know the French Ministry of Health. So will whoever I like the I like what you've mapped out there and I'm just wondering how you convey that in the playful way maybe write a heavy metal rock song and play it at the next UNDRR summit maybe that will be the way to go. Together at the end of last year and circulated around and that's cool. Yes, I'm going to go to Rebecca now. Let's go to Rebecca now your question please for Scott also say you know where you're from and stuff. Thanks. Hi there thanks for organizing this my name is Rebecca Gibbs and I've worked a lot strategically on climate change but I now work practically and I help convene the caveants round table. And I'd like to ask about what I would call the interstitial space and by that I mean the space between mutual aid and large strategic organizations. It seems to me, and in some ways you're referring to this Scott that this is the space where quite a lot is going to need to happen because the strategic organizations are not up to it or not sufficiently aware that my experience of mutual aid has been that it also won't be able to hold the whole enormity of what we are facing. And so I'm interested in that because there's there's not a massive amount of awareness in that space or resources or preparedness and so I'm kind of thoughtful about whether you agree that that space is where things need to happen and whether you have thoughts about what we do about it. Thank you. Oh, I love it Rebecca. Yes. Yeah. So, I do think and I do try to tell or offer to people in the UN into governmental spaces to just read, you know, some of Kropotkin's essays from the 1890s some of you may know the work of Peter Kropotkin that he basically wrote a series of wonderful essays refuting this sort of industrial competitive mindset interpretation of Darwin's theory of evolution and said, no, it's it. That's not how that's not what he was saying, and that's not how evolution happens that's not how the adaptation of life happens in the context of the environments in which it's in. He wrote beautifully about the importance of mutual aid. And I think, unfortunately, the sort of the separation narrative the industrial the competitive mindset narrative which is then fed into and I would argue corrupted the UN system, which is so far away from the initial writings of the UN charter of the mid 1940s that that notion of mutual aid is completely dwarfed by by the perpetuation of systemic racism systemic colonialism, white savior expert dominant mindset. The community groups on the ground the practical implementers on the ground are actually necessarily involved in that messy relationing of all of the different parts of life that banging together of cultures of different communities of different ways of knowing, which that separation up at that strategic level, and I talk about the insulation from consequences, just the continuation to be able to do things and say but it's not working it's getting worse, but we keep doing the right thing. But, but maybe you're not but no we are because we've always done it this way so it's definitely the right way. We're the clever ones, we're helping them, even the rhetoric of developed countries and developing countries. I mean, that that is still being spoken about the very least let's call them recovering countries from the decimation of what happened in those places, but actually, we're all just human beings with different pigmentation because of where I think the ancestors happen to me. And so that interstitial or the even the liminal space that does it very much exists, and it is where I am playing and this notion I have a sort of intergenerational and polycultural and playful ways of being. I think is a way that I'm currently trying to think about how maybe knitting some of that together. Thank you, Rebecca. Yeah, Kevin's asked me to ask his question for him. So I'll just do that now. So Kevin asks Kevin Guyan who's from Canada and where it's 4am or something. How can transitional governance concepts be introduced into the UN system. Things like pre colonial democratic processes so indigenous consensus systems or Greek era citizens assemblies and a word I haven't heard before, neighborocracy. How can such things be introduced to the UN system to help with adaptation to the difficult era where we're entering. Neighborocracy instead of chumocracy would be that'd be a nice start is a bit too much chumocracy going on in certain places in the world. And that is what I and and others are trying to do to connect to connected the the two levels which I believe are the only two levels that sort of matter for life on this planet. One is it as I think as a record was saying, at the individual and the community and the in place that actually that's reality from your microbiome to use an individual to the place that you live. Eat, exist, sleep. And then the only other level that matters is the planetary system level, because that is that is a defined living system boundary arguably in constant interaction with the rest of the universe but that level does make some sense. Everything in between is nonsense.  If we can actually conceptualize at a planetary level we're all actually in this together in an interdependent way, but we all actually are also in place, and we're very much reliant on and in relationship with being able to have governance at at really just those two things that we're moving into indigenous ways of being in relationship in an extended sort of family way your human interactions but also your brotherly and sisterly and cousin relationships with the rivers and the mountains and the soil and the birds and the and the turtles and and the dolphins and the But also being able to have that zoom in zoom out to because of and as you started I think Jim talking about our ability to apply scientific understanding scientific method to be able to understand those system processes which are way beyond that We have lived specific reality that each of us has with all of our specific particular complexities and relationships, but honoring both simultaneously. And I think it was Daniel Christian vile. I think he first came up with the idea of panicky, this sort of panicist logic that that looping connections between an interdependencies all the way from your micro biome and the subatomic up to the global system and the universe. It's always connected and it's just the speed and the magnitude of the flows between that sort of determine the stability of the environmental context in which you exist. If you mess with those environmental contexts. You mess with you because it's always interrelated and much of that wisdom that pre pre Plato wisdom pre Greek citizens assemblies actually back into the Heraclitus and before, which was really just an understanding of what indigenous wisdom and in indigenous communities before the sort of domestication of our species by weeks 10 12,000 years ago.  If you are noticing and able to attend to that. Then there is greater possibility of you being able to maintain a relationship a nourishing relationship, both for yourself and for your environment.  I'm going to skip to Ray Ray's got a question Ray from all fed works in in the way you you've said in the chat that you work in the more practical pragmatic side. You've got a question about Bali and the agenda. I have in my defense I have lived in Fenton for several years and done my NBC and workshops with Joanna Macy so I can do the emotional stuff too.  Yeah, so I've had really good experiences with UNDR really open to to to extinction type thinking at least in private, but also Molly John and NASA, you know, coming through in Geneva. So, and the drama groups they had in there so I mean it's a bit fluffy we're not sort of the hard edge but but some really good thinking as well. So, do you like those those those gatherings out of the global one or the continental ones. Will you be in Bali and shall we do something there because like looking at the people in this call and some of the faces it seems like hey we could we we can't just complain and not do something let's do something. I think we might have met somewhere actually right through your name and yeah I mean I work closely with Molly and the NASA group for NASA team and the knowledge systems for sustainability. Yes, the graph cube with the three dimensionality that I created the graph cube. Yeah, so if you like that then I loved it. Right, I do recommend I even made a URL so that people could find it easily. I think you do info but it might have expired now. Maybe I'll put a link in the chat. Yeah. Yeah, no I yes those gatherings are lovely in some ways because of that human human connection. Certainly that used to be possible I've been at all of them since whatever 2012 or something 2013 back in Geneva as it was. I won't be going to Bali, but I am I am contributing to many of the things that are happening and going to be happening in Bali. In particular one of the areas that I'm interested in and I'm contributing a lot to at the moment is on what's called the midterm review which you're probably familiar with. So these 2015 to 2013 agendas in the midterm review they basically go up how do we do and do we need to course correct do we need to do things differently and the answer is obviously. Hell yeah, you haven't done much at all in the first seven years so yes. So there's this process of you know consultations but what I'm helping with is exactly what we've been talking about. Can we create different spaces where we can bring yes the molly jones of the world and yes the you know ministerial level of the world and yes the investors of the world. But actually can we bring them together with children and indigenous communities and local populations and can we make it a sort of what I described the other day liminal cubism. So, you know Picasso was was magical in the way that he basically said, we don't only have to have the three point perspective, he said we can have all perspectives, as long as they're white male. We can have all the perspectives in the world as long as they're white males. Great great but what does liminal mean. It's the space in between it's the dawn and the dusk of a day where you're not in night you're not in day you're not in knowing and you're not in complete unknowing to gems earlier point. You have some certainties and you have some uncertainties and you're able to play in the confusion of that space. And it's not denying the importance of reductionist approaches and the scientific method. All it's saying is what are they in service or and what are they hiding. What are the metaphors which underpin why they are being modeled and why that science is choosing those questions. When there is an infinite number of other questions which are maybe much more difficult to answer, because they don't have answers. Like, what is health, what is success, what is risk even. These are questions that can be played into and I think if we can have more conversations in those more formal structural spaces that you're talking about where we're asking questions which cannot be answered but can be explored. We actually may be able to shift some of the ways that we're addressing these challenges and some of the ways we're even just perceiving the reality in which we're able to think about those challenges. Yeah. Super cool. Thanks. Thanks Scott. I want to go for our last question. We've just got a few minutes because we started a few minutes late to Joe. Sorry, I don't know how to pronounce your name Joe book. The question is, do you actually think the organized sorry if there's noise from my cat here if there's if we're not going to see the kinds of changes you think that will be significant from the kind of institutions that exist in in international governance and national governance at the moment. Then don't we just need revolutionary change and therefore should we be working on revolution. Yes and no. I think I am working on revolution and evolution and whichever way you want to describe it I do. I do honestly believe in the possibilities of a shift in perception shifting all possibilities. And you know that there are lots of examples that I've had over the last few years as I've been approaching spaces to try to enable the possibility for people to have a shift in perception. What do I what do I really mean by that, you know, as I described before my perception of the world. What was the perception which had been sort of gifted to me and actually inculcated into me that the nature is a machine fixing and solving can be done.  That that shift in perception may take time, but it can actually be a shift in in a second in a minute in a single conversation. If there is the tonality for the possibility of that shift to happen. And some of the work that I do on what are called warm data conversations with with Nora Bateson on being able to help people to come into conversations which are have multiple contexts and those sort of questions are saying to Ray. To allow for that exploration and basically the reconfiguration and the and the and the re patterning of your relationship to your memories of who you are and what you know to be able to be in a different relationship with the reality that you're observing and existing in. And that shift in perception is revolutionary. Gregory Bateson, Nora's dad spoke about that that that shift in perception will alter your universe, your understanding of everything can shift and it is a scary moment and therefore it should never be done alone if you can avoid it. It often happens in trauma, where you have a traumatic experience maybe a diagnosed with stage four cancer. Okay, bugger my diary I couldn't care less about my diary I'm just going to get on with living. Often it can be in that single moment a single conversation, maybe you're made redundant. Maybe you get accepted to publish in a journal or some some moment that can actually shift your perception of both yourself and the world. I'm trying to have this space to have as many possibilities of people being able to shift their perception as many times as possible with the belief and the understanding and the learning from indigenous and relational practices. That that in that moment there is a new possibility of us being kinder more caring and more in relationship. And if you feel you're in relationship with other people as opposed to transacting with them. There's much less chance that you're going to be willing to be cruel to them that you're willing to exploit them that you're willing to dehumanize them. Because you feel that they are part of you because they are, or you feel that the river is part of you for the grasses. Thank you Scott. Yeah, what I'm hearing is that a different way of being to the one that we've been schooled in, which doesn't have all these separations and other ring and alienation is in itself revolutionary and we can be that revolution right now in the way that we are in whatever work we do. And it might add up to something but it's also just really good in itself. And it might not. And it's actually that liminal that sort of holding of that liminal spaces. I don't know if any of this is going to make any a lick of difference. Actually I at the same time I do know it's going to make difference because I've felt that shift in other people and the way I'm in relationship with them. And if they continue doing what they're doing but with that that revolutionary shift in the way that they're the way that they're being not what they're doing necessarily but the way that they're being present as they're doing it. Then that next person and that next person and just like a covert infection can spread through the population and the law of big numbers exponential growth. One or two people can actually make a phenomenal difference and if only one or two people on this call. Maybe maybe I can be different to how I was. Super cool. And if none do. Okay. Maybe in a week or two weeks or a month or six months, something will shift because of the space and the place we've been in together in relationship. Yeah, so thank you for your time together and thank you for scotting with us. It was fascinating to see I've never seen anyone put the talk about this and so I've been enjoying jamming with with you today. And so thanks to everyone who's joined us from around the world members of the deep adaptation forum and other guests. And can I just end with a little poem. Is that okay. No, I was just saying I'm not going to read. I was just about to say I'm not going to read the next report that you're right if it looks like the one you just showed us. But if you could summarize it in a song or a poem. Yeah, then I'm up for it. So you've you've got a poem. I don't know. Okay, so we're just going to hear the poem and then end the meeting. Cheers. Okay. It's called it's called a little duck by a gentleman called Michael learning a little duck with a bit of luck, a duck will come into your life. When you are at the peak of your great powers and your achievement towers like a smoking chimney stack will be a quack. And right there at your feet, a little duck will stand.  She will lead you into wisdom, joy and innocence. That little duck that I wish you luck and I do wish all of you luck. Good health and lots of play.


Soldiers of the Army Reserve's 99th Readiness Division participated in a Norwegian foot march hosted by the non-commissioned officer academy of Fort Dix earlier this month here at joint base McGuire Dix Lakehurst, New Jersey. Major General Rodney Falk, commander of the 99th RD, addressed all of the marchers. It only takes one catalyst event to change the course of history. What can I do to prepare? It would be things like this.  Originally a strategic goal of the Norwegian foot march was to be able to move large units of troops over a great distance, swiftly, while still combat ready even after the march. You'll buckle up. I think so. Soldiers as well as Marines, ROTC and others took part in the 30 kilometer march equal to 18.6 miles. If it's completed in the right time, they earned the Marschmer kit, the Norwegian Armed Forces marching badge. You'll see like three cones, do not cross over. Cold weather injuries, hot weather injuries, all right, be mindful of hydration. Grab the playing card, you have to grab that. That is your key to saying I went the entire route. Good luck guys. Please know yourself and know what you're capable of. Push yourself, but don't break yourself. Have a great event, be safe, and Godspeed, thanks for doing this, hooah. For America's Army Reserve, 99th readiness division, Salo Taviano.


Hi good. Hey, thank you for thank you for coming today So this is a small presentation today, I'm not going to talk during 40 minutes I wanted to share with you my experience with the how how do we write the puppet modules in the open stack? So my name is Emilia Mackie. I work for Red Hat. I'm French. I'm sorry That's my accent. So you have to deal with that So I work for Red Hat. I'm working on open stack every day My job is to make sure that we can deploy open stack with automation tools and we are using puppet modules So we are contributing and using the puppet modules So this talk this presentation is about how do we write a puppet module? today we have We have a first introduction about the puppet open stack project If you're not familiar with the project, I will give some insight about what do we do? What do we deliver and how you can get involved? the second thing is I want to make sure that You know how you can contribute if you want if you are interested by Contributing or fear if you're already contributing, but you may be want to know a bit more I Will explain how do we build a new modules when some new project is created in open stack? What is the process to create a new puppet module and I will try to make a demo? if it works and Yeah, we will have time for questions So we have a microphone here at the end if you have some questions Please go ahead and I will be very happy to you know to help so first of all, I want to know who in the room is Already using the puppet modules Okay, so we can go to the beach and have fun Okay, so I will I will do an introduction about the project so Open stack is very complex. You know It's a it's a big project You have many many things to deploy if you want to get your first VM running Obviously, you don't need to deploy all the services, but still you have some basic basic things to deploy So I didn't create this picture. I took it from the official documentation, right? All the credits to the docs so yeah, that's very complex and Sometimes people Well, maybe not right now, but a few years ago I I met some people who didn't use any automation tool to deploy open stack and I was feeling like those guys were doing this So I took this picture last week. I was traveling in Spain and I found this very interesting and So yeah, don't try to deploy open stack without automation. That's my first Feedback I give Because it's very complex. You need you need to configure many things that you will you will miss a lot of things if you try manually so That's why a few years ago. We created the puppet modules for open stack So we the the mission statement is to it is to create puppet modules to deploy open stack clouds at scale for like real deployments in production The modules are are written by people deploying open stack so they know what they do and Very very involved in the open stack community. So from the developers and operators. So it's like a good mix of people in the team So how does it work when you try to perpetize open stack? We have a we have a puppet module per project. So if you're deploying if you're deploying Your cloud you will be able to choose which Which puppet modules to use depending of what you want to deploy We are using some modules from puppet labs to deploy for example my sequel rabbit MQ Apache So we we did not create those modules. We are using them from the puppet labs community They are working very great for us and we also have some libraries in in For example open stack Lib is it's a library where we have some common If you're familiar with puppet we have some common classes that we share across all the modules It makes the things more consistent. I will go through the details a bit later So basically If you want to if you want to deploy a new service you have to find for the puppet module And if it doesn't exist so you're in the in the good room because that's what we we are going to see today How do we create this new module for the service? So we already have a lot of services. You can see all those modules already exists And some of them are still a bit experimental, but we are working on this But if you don't see your project in in the list The list is not exhaustive here But if you don't see the your project in the list of modules on github You might want to create a new module if you want to deploy these projects so Most of the puppet modules that we created are almost the same they they share the same structure we have We have some we have some manifest to create the keystone resources. So the endpoints the The keystone service and etc. We also have some manifest to manage the database So you don't have to you have you don't have to create the database with your own manifest We already have this we support my sequel and postgres We don't configure my sequel for you we we just create the database for the open stack service, right? We we also manage the configuration files for open stack So for example in Nova, you have the Nova.conf file Which will be generated by the puppet module and we will create all the sections in the in the in the configuration file for you So you will have the Oslo section the keystone and all the all the parameters that are specific to the project so everything is done by In the module you will see some classes for each service and everything is done by the manifest Some modules are Well, some projects in open stack can be deployed the API service can be deployed with Apache in Whiskey and We we provide a class to to to make it to to deploy it out of the box very quickly so you don't need to configure Apache yourself we already have this this class working and Yeah, every module almost Manage manage all almost every every every services So if you if you want to deploy Nova in the module, you will see that we manage all the Nova services you want The modules are very Composable, okay, so if you want to deploy Nova conductor on this server or if you want to deploy Nova API on this one so you can split everything. It's very Composable all the parameters are documented which means that if you're new to the project and you don't know what you're doing I suggest you I suggest you to look at them at the manifest and You will see that all the parameters and all the classes are very in my opinion well Documented so you can just have a look and see what what it does So this is a very very basic example of how you could deploy Keystone today. So you just have to Well, I did this morning. So maybe I missed something but Basically, you can deploy my SQL and Keystone this way So yeah, just to let you know that yeah That's a kind of manifest that showed you can deploy Keystone very quickly The modules are doing everything for you if you want to do some like custom deployments with a very complex Deployment scenarios with HA and SSL and whatever You will need to obviously make a bit more than than this Like feeding some parameters and and so on So how do we test the module when we went when we when you create a When when you create a patch on your laptop you want to send the patch To the puppet modules you have a like a bug fix or you have a new feature The patch will go through the gates and the gates in OpenStack. We have different kind of tests Some of them can be run or your machine, but some of them are Well, it's very complicated to execute them. So we have the the CI jobs in place So for the one you can run on your on your machine. We have the unit test We use the aspect if you're familiar with aspect that's cool If you need some help you can ask to the team and and we are always happy to to to help when When someone need help to write some tests We are using also beaker beaker. It's a it's a puppet lab framework for Functional testing so we execute the catalog on a machine and we check that We can at least compile the catalog and install the service. We don't make any Test on the service itself. We have some integration tests Integration tests. We are running tempest So if you if you submit a patch in puppet nova for example We have some integration test that will Actually deploy nova and run tempest to make to make sure that you can spawn a VM and so on. So that's actual tests We have at this time. We have four scenarios for integration So we can cover all the projects that we have in the puppet modules Everything is documented in the in the and in the puppet doc, but in the puppet open stack doc, but it's not covered by this presentation We also have some testing By the open stacking steller. So we have triple low and fuel they they use the puppet modules So we every time you submit a patch. We also execute the The triple low and fuel jobs to make sure that we don't break them So that's also a very good feedback for us because fuel and triple low are two installers used by a lot of operators and they are Production ready. They are deploying h.a. Multinode. So it's very close to what you have in your cloud Even if you're not using triple low or fuel, it's it's it's much more close than if you use Dev stack or something else So yeah, that's for the testing a lot of testing we we made a huge progress over the last year because we thought that Testing is very important when you write puppet modules It's actually making sure the things work So now how you can contribute? Who is already contributing to the module in the room? Okay, good 10 people So how to contribute it's very easy There are you don't need to be a developer to contribute you can be a user you can be an operator The first thing I like is giving feedback So if you come to me at the end of the session and you say hey, we use the module it works fine, but That's already a contribution because that's feedback and we need that So if you want to give feedback you can give it through IRC emails or if you can file a bug That's that's the that's a first contribution If you're familiar with puppet you can write some code you can submit New features you can fix some bugs if you want We also have a documentation repo. So if you want to improve the doc And like I said, we have some tests if you're familiar with aspect you can also improve the the testing coverage and if you're like a User with a lot of experience in puppet open stack deployments You can help on IRC with troubleshooting and welcoming new New contributors who wants to you know, like deploy the first time So that's yeah, that's multiple ways to contribute and How to well how to technically doing this contribution there are many ways many channels The first one is to join us on IRC. We have a Free not channel puppet open stack if you're not here you should join maybe And we have a good team that who are here all the day We make good jokes and If you don't have an account for open stack you need to create one I'm not going through the details because that's That's a bit long, but I put the link if you want to you know to do it It's always good to subscribe to mailing list because we are doing a lot of communication on the mailing list like for example when we I don't know when we Change something critical in the modules that will impact you as a user We usually try to communicate through the mailing list making sure that you guys know that we are maybe going to break something And why we are doing that Or we are also doing some communication around the you know the the release management and And some design sometimes so that's also a good way to to get involved We have a weekly meeting on Tuesday And you're always welcome to join if you have any question like even if you're new to the project You want to start contributing you can join the weekly meeting and say hi My name is you know, and I want to help hope what can I do so that's also a good forum for us and Obviously you have the launchpad if you have any bug any feature you want We have a one launchpad So for example, we have one launchpad per per module So if you want to create a bird in puppet Nova, you will have to find the puppet Nova launchpad But if you have any question about launchpad and how the process works You just go on IRC and you can ask people. We just help the same day So okay, so let's go through the real topic today So how do we build a new module? so first of all, I want you to keep calm and wait a little before writing code and because in The last years many people creating new modules and my first feedback on this thing that most of the case people created the module on their own and they try to bring to open stack and That sometimes doesn't work because the module is not consistent with how do we do? so keep calm wait and Learn what we do. So don't create the module on your own github if you can wait and Communicate with the community before making sure that we are doing the right process. That's great So the first step for you is to check on github if the module doesn't exist already So if you want to create a module for I don't know I've heard before someone was working on dragon flow. So we don't have a module for dragon flow So you can check on github if you have a module for this thing That's the first good step making sure that you are not creating something that already exists and then we have We have some process to You know communicate about hey So we don't have module for this project. Can I can I work on it? Can I start this? Making sure that nobody has is already doing this work, you know Because it's a new repo. We need to we need to change some little things in the governance It's nothing. It's nothing Difficult it just a patch to do and usually the core team is doing is doing it for for people So there is nothing to to worry about here The most important thing is to create the the Repository so for that you need to submit a patch in open stacking fraud if you don't know how to do it Don't worry. We have people in the team. They do this very very often So we can even do it for you So the this this thing will create the repo for you. It will create the ci jobs The Garrett permissions and so on so that's the first step before Writing code and writing the module you need to create the repo and then one once we have the repo We will run a tool that's called cookie cutter That will generate the puppet module so the basic structure for you So you don't have to write everything from scratch. We already have all the all the manifest and all the files I will go through the details after But you have a just to execute a script and then you can continue to work on Writing the the the rest of the module. So how does it work cookie cutter? We have a So we have a small process of Generate the module So you have to clone a repository by the way everything is documented I'm going to try the laser Yeah, so everything is documented here like this is like a very rough summary I am doing here, but the whole process is documented here So you don't have to learn everything like this but Yeah, so you have to clown the cookie cutter It's a repository that we created and there is a script. You just run the script. It's asking you which What is the name of the module and I think that's it so it's very easy and When you run the script it will generate all the files that you will need for for the module like a Jam file right file all the spec stuff the testing that you maybe don't know The the manifest that we have in open stack And yeah, all the things you need and at the end when you're done you can submit your patch it's usually a very big patch and The the team will approve this patch and you know, you will be able to continue to write Just the manifest that you you want to be in the in the module so the process is very easy and we created that because We we don't want people to lose time on doing always the same thing So we have this tool which is generating all the basic stuff for you So when you generate this puppet module with cookie cutter, this is what you get You got manifest to Keystone resources like we said before you got manifest for database the logging the unit and functional testing the release notes if you're not familiar with the Reno it's a we know is the official project in open stack for release notes So there are some like specific files for managing the release note in the module everything is generated here and All the puppet dependencies So yeah, it's a data and and so on well demo already. Okay Wait, okay Okay, so Yeah, we thought my hands look So you need to install cookie cutter. It's a python It's a python project. So you need to use pipe to install cookie cutter And then you need to install two gems digest and module sync What? Sorry, yeah, okay This is This is the best I can do Okay, sorry, sorry, so this is the script we just run a new script So I took the example of Nova So you just run the script you say Nova and that will generate the things for you so you create, you know module name Nova the here and It's cloning the repo so puppet Nova is not empty but it's cloning the new repo and it will create all the files and At the end you can go in the repository and check the files. So everything is created for you So you have the initial commits With all the well all the files and all the modifications So this is a first iteration of the module which means that the units manifest is empty There is nothing but you also have the keystone out so you don't have to create the this manifest It's it will be the same at the other modules. It's just that that's for Nova So it creates the Nova endpoints Nova service. You can change the port of the endpoints. That's That's part of the process You can also manage the database my sequel. So we create the Nova database we manage the DB sync with Nova manage and When you're ready get review you send the patch and the team will review the well this first iteration of the module Obviously the next step for you is to You know work on the module to add the services you need all the configuration parameters Usually OpenStack has a lot of parameters. So we used to you know, like try to support them and And questions time. Thank you So if you want to ask anything, please go ahead. There is a bike here and If you have any feedback about the puppet modules or if you have questions about the process Maybe I want to fast for something. Please. I'm very happy to once well Thanks A lot and with these modules and my problem is that there seems to be a really long development cycle like you write a change and to test it you have to do a Deployment and loads of things to make sure that you change doesn't break things Have you found something that kind of shortens it? What's your usual workflow for these things? So is your problem that the test that we we had in the gate take too long time? Is it the problem or not necessarily the test when you're changing something locally You have to apply the manifest again and again and again and sometimes right the unit tests No doing the deployment locally for example or You have to redeploy from scrunch to make sure you don't you have a thing that works so do you Doesn't get easier with time Well the well deploying it depends of how many services do you deploy? I guess you have complex deployment maybe Usually it takes maybe 20 minutes to deploy everything from scratch Like install the packaging and configure and run the services. It takes 20 minutes even the test that take Like maybe five or ten minutes in this thing so I don't have any like Good reply to this my feedback on the test start that If you test locally you might need to use like some snapshots if you want for example When I'm doing functional tests on my laptop, I have a snapshot of a VM and If I do a change in puppet Nova and I realize it doesn't work I come back to the snapshot and I try again, you know, I'm not reinstalling everything from scratch I'm doing snapshots. So that's a way to do it I Hope it helps maybe Hopefully does I think it will all right. Thank you very much. Welcome And so I've been using the Juno versions of the modules for a while I'm just looking at upgrading so I'm looking at all the new versions of the modules as they are now How does the OS service default fact thing you work? I see that a lot in the new modules. It wasn't there previously Have you seen the so can you repeat your question, please like in the new modules now? This is OS right default. Yeah seems to be a fact of some sort. Yeah, I think that work. It's okay. So that's So it's a fact that we wrote and if if the fact is set if if you are using it we have a provider that will just That we just make sure that this parameter is not set in the configuration file. Okay, so which means that for example in Nova if you set OS service default to the parameter, I don't know like Scheduler scheduler backend or something The parameter will be unset in the configuration file. So we we will use the default in Nova, right? So why are we doing that? It's because we don't want puppet modules to override all the parameters We want to We want to we want to add the parameters that you need that you need that you set in the in the configuration But we don't want to be like, you know We don't want to choose for you what you what you configure in the files So we have this fact that we just make sure that the parameter is not set in the file And if it's not working if the default value is not working for you it's maybe a bug in in the project itself and And that's not we don't want to deal with the default value, you know, we have we so we had we had to in the past I remember that the modules used to manage default values We were taking the default values from them from the project. So for example, we were out coding the the scheduler driver in the in the puppet Nova module, but when when Nova used to change the name of the driver The module was broken because we were recording this thing. So we we said, okay Let's stop doing that and use defaults from upstream and if something is broken, it's upstream try to fix it there Obviously, we can fix it in puppet if something is very urgent, you know, but that's that's the welcome. Hi, there's a lot of talk and effort on Containerizing all the the open stack processes and services Where do you guys as a puppet team? See the role for the puppet modules and the future for the puppet modules in that light. That's a good question. So I Can give the example of the project I'm working on I'm working on triple and we are deploying Open stack on containers and we are still using puppets so It depends off. Well, I know also some people I don't know if Matt is in the room and Cody. I don't know. I don't know who Matt is not here, but they are doing a container deployment with puppet modules They are orchestration they are doing orchestration with puppet to deploy the containers and they are still using puppet to generate the config files So there is there are different way to do it So like I said, I'm working on triple O and on triple O we use puppet modules to generate the config But we use something else for the orchestration So we just we just think that the puppet modules are very good to generate Configuration files and then we use it for you know for running the containers so it depends of How do you use puppets? I think all the use case are different and So do you contain or create the configuration files on the host and then attach a directory to the container or the Create a configuration files in the container. So we create a config file in a container and then we ship Well, I'm not working on this today. I don't have the details but basically we create the config file on a container outside and then we build a we build the We build a container and we ship with the config file. I think that's how it works today. I'm not sure I Can maybe catch up after if you want and there are some triple of folks here. So maybe I can have But yeah, we use it to generate the config, right? So the cookie cutter is it only for the very beginning of a project or does it help you to kind of Update something that like if you add add like I think off-token for instance Was added relatively recently. Can you use cookie cutter to then update an existing module to bring in those new features? That's that's a good question. So Cookie getter is for the initial Creation of the module, but we have something else that is called module sync And we have a project for this that it's actually cookie cutter is using module sync to synchronize the repository if you already have a module if you already have a like a Git repo, it's a puppet module and you want to sync with the other puppet module So we have this tool which is not covered by this presentation, but it's all it's also documented I think you have to run one command and it will just you know like trying to synchronize the I Didn't do it. So some people in the room did I know but and I know the guy who did who wrote this tool is here And you know so you can ask Yanis, he knows how it works Yanis, can you rise? Yeah But cookie cutter is for initial Creation of the module right, but it actually use module sync So that's that's the same tools Cool. So we have five minutes. I guess we're done Thank you guys and I I hope you enjoyed the the summits and yeah See you soon


Welcome to the first class of Introduction to Flight AE 705, let us quickly see what is there in store for you. Now, this course is basically built of capsules, what is the capsule, anyone what is the capsule? Yes, ok. So, according to you a capsule is a small container that contains some parts, ok. What would you like to add to this, let us go here, Amri is here in the front. What is meant by a capsule, quickly those, those is of capsules, so let us see, so there are going to be many many capsule in this course, I have shown you only the 5 capsules and I hope that there is no overdose because of these capsules, because there are going to be 10 capsules. So, as you take part in this course, you are going to consume 10 capsules, ok. So, let us see what are the constituents of each capsule, so for example, the first capsule consists of two lectures, the first one will introduce you to various components of an aircraft, the second one will talk about atmosphere and the properties of atmosphere, the similar way capsule number 2 will be on the first part of fluid mechanics or introductory fluid mechanics, the contents are listed there, the third capsule will delve further in fluid mechanics, we will go to Reynolds number boundary layer and the types of flows and how to measure pressure and speed. After that we will go to the fundamentals of aerospace engineering or flight, airfoils and how lift is generated, how the pressure and lift coefficients are calculated. And then the last capsule before Midsum would be on what is called as the finite wings, wings, ok. After Midsum we go to capsule 6, where we have a quick look at the types of propulsive systems because after this we will look at the effect of engine on various components of or various flight performance characteristics, we look at study flight, then we go to capsule 7, we look at ceilings, climbing, turns, pull-ups and then the two most important things for a transport aircraft range and endurance and for any aircraft takeoff and landing. Capsule 9 will consist of two interesting chapters or lectures, one on energy methods or energy variability methods and then a VN diagram. This VN diagram is going to be a self-study kind of a capsule because we have already recorded a lecture on VN diagram like this many, many years ago, so we will try to fish out that lecture and we will make it available to you as self-study. And then the last capsule is introduction to static stability only the longitudinal part and then control systems and neutral point, ok, so yes 10 capsules is really a heavy dose, alright. Now, one question that some students ask me, I must share with you very interesting anecdote, I was once asked to teach a course on aircraft design, not here it was a university in Singapore called NTU, I was there for a year as a visiting professor, so I heard some murmurs among the students and one murmur I heard was why have we got this guy from India to come and teach aircraft design, so I thought it is important for me to tell you about my background, the purpose is not to glorify myself in front of you, I do not need to do that actually, ok, because I am not selling something to you, anyway it is a core course, you have to be here, whether it is me or Professor Menazis or Professor Prabhu Ramchandra and someone will teach this course, ok and you have to be here, so I am I gain nothing by selling myself to you, but I just want to reassure you that guys I am suitably qualified to teach this course, so for that purpose I think you have a right to know who is this guy, why should we listen to him and more important why should we believe him, what is his background, how much does he know, what is his training, correct, so it is important, so I will start with academic qualifications, the first point which will reassure you is that this guy is a core aerospace engineer, he is not an electrical engineer converted to aero or mechanical engineer converted to aero, he is a diseased aerospace engineer, because not one, one could be by mistake or because of rank or because of you know, could not get any other branch, not two, because that could be a mistake, third degree also he has done aeronautical engineering that means Pagal is definitely crazy in aeronautical engineering, so what are my degrees, my degrees are a bachelor's degree from Punjab Engineering College, now called as PEC, University of Technology, I am very happy that there is one student from the current PEC aero, Udit can you introduce your stand up, you will see about him also little bit more, he is a student of my college, he is there and he is as an intern he is working here, so this is my bachelor's degree, it was way back before many of you were even born probably, so that tells you how old I am, then I went and did a master's degree from IIT Madras and this master's was actually sponsored by HAL, because after my graduate degree I had one job in HAL as a graduate engineering trainee and I also had an admission in IISC Bangalore for MTech in Aero, so both my hands were full but I wanted both, I wanted not only MTech but also a job because as you know after MTech also there is sometimes a question mark about what job will you get, so I was keen on the core job, I had an MTech degree in hand not in hand of course and admission only and also a job I wanted both, so then I was fortunate that there was another scheme called as the design trainee stroke management trainee scheme of HAL in which if selected you would be sent to IIT Madras for MTech, now if you become a management trainee you go for a special degree called as aircraft production engineering, if you do a design trainee which I chose then you get to do MTech in your own department, so I chose to be a design trainee and I did masters from IIT Madras but because I was sponsored by HAL I had to do a three year masters, that means the masters took three years because some people are looking at 84 to 86 and they are saying he must have flunked in something or I did not flink in anything, I had a decent CPI but after coursework there was a break, we were sent to HAL and then we did our MTech project in the factory, I was in HAL Kanpur when I was doing my project. The third degree was after many many years and that was a PhD which I did from College of Aeronautics, this is without any doubt the best place in the world to do a PhD especially in aircraft design, so all my specializations during bachelor's also I was interested in aircraft design masters also and PhD is in aircraft design and this PhD was fully funded by a scholarship called as the common man scholarship commission in the UK even now this is available, every year they send typically one MTech and one PhD student to UK for aerospace engineering fully funded, then work experience. So before coming to IIT Bombay I have actually worked in HAL for 5 years, this is because any guesses why would I work for 5 years in HAL therefore, therefore there is a bond correct. So because HAL sponsored my MTech there was a 5 year bond and I enjoyed those 5 years because after 3 and a half years I got a promotion from HAL Kanpur shifted to Nasik, as you can see in HAL Kanpur I worked on structures, structural modifications, structural support and when I came to Nasik I became an aerodynamicist and flight test engineer, I had the great honor of working with Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma, he was the test, deputy test pilot and I was the flight test engineer and the aerodynamicist, at that time HAL was doing the overall of MIG 21 and manufacturing MIG 27, so I have experience on both of them. So after completing 5 years in HAL then I shifted to IIT Bombay, first as a lecturer because I did not have a PhD, I came in from HAL with experience of 5 years and therefore I was offered the position of a lecturer and then while being in IIT Bombay I got this scholarship and I went for PhD to UK and around 5 years ago I was promoted as a professor, so that is my work experience, alright. I want to share with you some information about aircraft on which I have worked during my stint in HAL, so can anybody identify this aircraft just raise your hands if you want to know what they are, only one, two people in the class, anybody here, yes, speak out sir, Dornier that is the company, which model, that is not a, that is not a model of the aircraft, Dornier is a company, Dornier GMBH which is no more now, but that is just the basic model, okay, this Dornier 228-201 which is a dedicated model for India, that is right, this is the Dornier 228-201, as you can see it is a twin turboprop with high wing, which one is this, how can you say 27, 1 minute, because of the shape, how about make 23, no, I think it is very difficult for someone to identify between MIG 21 and 23, Radom is very similar for both, I will tell you where the difference is, the difference is in the intake, somewhere here do you notice there is something called as a speeder plate, we will read about this in our course, this particular plate, this particular plate, there is a slight difference between MIG 23 and MIG 27, okay, so by looking at the speeder plate I can say yes, this is MIG 27M, okay, so I worked on this aircraft in Nasik, then the other aircrafts I worked on, which is this one, Hindustan piston trainer 32, HPT 32, this aircraft was used recently by the Indian Air Force for Ab initio pilot training, not Ab initio sorry, for pilot training, okay, and then we worked on a modified version of that one, which one is that, which is the modification of HPT, many of you may not know this, see this will be known only to service officers or people who have worked, so I do not expect you to know, but so do you know sir, what is the modification, this is the HTT 34, which is a conversion, okay, from a piston to a turbo conversion, so HPT is Hindustan piston trainer, it is a piston prop engine, HTT 34 is a Hindustan turbo trainer, that is a turboprop engine, so HEL internally they converted the aircraft from piston prop to turboprop, so that is the one on the, on your right, that is the one also I worked on, this one, so very old aircraft, this is the HS 748, HS is Hawker Sidley, also called as Abro, HS 748, now it is obsolete, this is very difficult to guess, I do not know whether anybody can guess, anybody, do you have any idea, this is the Ardhara glider, it is a wooden glider, mostly made up of wood, very few metallic parts used for teaching pilots how to fly on gliders, it used to be used by flying clubs earlier, this was something that was fabricated in HAL Kanpur on license, but now it is obsolete, so I am very fortunate to have worked on wooden gliders, metallic aircraft, turboprops, piston props, jets, military, so I have a very nice wide exposure, I have also flown aircraft in the cockpit, so this one anybody knows, it is a very old aircraft called Pushpak, this is a aircraft which I had flown this thing in Chennai flying club in Minamakkam in Chennai and the reason was very interesting, as a mark of, you can say respect to IIT Madras, the Chennai flying club had given 8 hours to the aerospace department for the students to experience flying, so 8 hours were earmarked for the department, my good luck that no student volunteered to take those, so I cancelled my return train ticket and I took all the 8 hours and I flew for 8 hours in this aircraft, 6 flights total duration will be 8 flying hours, that was during my M-Tech, May 1984 is when I flew on this aircraft 8 hours and then when I went for PhD to Cranfield, there again I was told that every student masters of PhD, Cranfield does not have an undergraduate course, so they are only masters courses, so every student from the aerospace department, especially College of Aeronautics gets 2 hours free on this aircraft called as a Beagle Pup, so I have flown 2 flights 1 hour each on a Beagle Pup aircraft and this is my flying experience, these are my contact details, if anybody wants to note down the email address, the phone number, let us look at the list of books which are recommended for this course, these are available to you, you do not have to really copy them down, because the list of books is available in the courses of study bulletin which is available online. The most popular book is the book by J. D. Anderson Introduction to Flight, that is where the radical comes from, so soft copies are available, we will follow the 7th edition, not this one, this is the old edition, so if you give an internet search on the author's name, you will get the soft copy of the 7th edition free, therefore nothing, there is no need for you to worry, it is easily available. There is a book by Francis J. Hale on Performance, Selection and Design, which is also an interesting book, we have one copy of that in our departmental library, we also have copies in the main library and then Bernard and Philpont, another interesting book on aircraft flight, but actually you may not really need to go for any specific thing, except the first book which will contain specific content, which I will encourage you to read, I do not think you need to really make any effort to acquire these books, if you want we can make it available to you, but do not worry too much, do not go and buy them and all that, we are not needed that much.


A comet that was only just discovered in December of 2019 is fast approaching our planet and astronomers monitoring the comet known as C-2019 Atlas say it has begun to change dramatically. Wait, do you hear this? Atlas stands for the Asteroid Terrestrial Impact Last Alert System. This is the robotic system that detected the small-scale near-Earth object. The system was designed to detect objects in space with an advancement of preparedness before impacts occur. And this has led to a few to suggest that this thing is on a collision course with our planet. The rapidly brightening comet will pass the Earth in May at a distance of 73 million miles – 93 million miles being the distance between the Earth and the Sun. The close approach means it will be visible to astronomers from the Earth next month but there may be a twist to the tale, literally. Astronomers believe the weirdly high levels of brightness are being caused by the comet's massive atmospheric cloud that surrounds it. This may also be the source of the object's demise as it approaches the Sun and begins to flare with the Sun's heat. Because of this 448,000 miles atmospheric cloud, they believe the comet will be torn apart making for a spectacular showdown with Venus as the Sun is setting. Carl Badams of the Naval Research Lab in Washington, D.C. noted that there is a chance that the comet might completely break apart before it reaches the Sun. Also, Atlas trajectory might change due to the surface he missions triggered by its fragmentation. Carl was quoted as saying that I wouldn't be surprised to see comet Atlas start to fail rapidly and possibly even disintegrate before reaching the Sun. I very much hope I'm wrong but, Comet Ellinon did something similar several years ago, holding lots of promise and then just fizzling. In recent months, Comet Atlas galvanized astronomers as it fell toward the Sun, skyrocketing in brightness like few comets before it. By late May 2020, it promised to reveal Venus in the sunset sky as it approaches Perihelion, but recent developments belied that possibility. Caltech and the University of Maryland recently posted new data of comet Atlas in which the comet's core appears to be elongating according to the report, this is as would be expected from a major disruption of the nucleus. The comet's orbit now being influenced by non-gravitational forces, these forces are the result of gases lifting off the comet's nucleus and causing the nucleus to move slightly in the opposite direction like a powerful jet engine. Most active comets experience this to some degree, but Atlas non-gravitational forces have kicked in very abruptly and are quite strong. This supports a narrative of a small nucleus being pushed very strongly by extreme outgassing, probably along with fragmentation according to reports from SpaceWeather.com. Several predictions showed the comet coming closest to the Earth on May 23rd and closest to the Sun on May 31st. Its orbital path means it may have been a fragment of the Great Comet of 1844 and this caused much excitement. Both comets appear to be following trajectories which swing out far beyond the outer reaches of the solar system and taking around 6000 years to make one complete orbital circuit. In essence, both comets have circled the Sun at least once, if not more than a few times. Should it continue on this path, it might be bright enough to be visible to the unaided human eye on or around May 1st, but further observations are required as the object could now fragment. Based on the observations, it is now shifting in a way that is consistent with a pattern of sudden decline and this suggests the nucleus of the comet has suffered a major disruption to its dust production. The comet is currently visible to telescopes and binoculars, but just like the decline of other comets in the past, including the Issun comet, it does seem decent to make a less spectacular viewing opportunity than what was previously assumed. We will wait and see what developments may unfold and we will bring any major updates that may unfold, but what do you guys think about this one anyway? Thanks below and as always, thank you for watching.


Today, I have the pleasure of speaking with Dan Blondel of NanoOne Materials. How are you today, Dan? I'm great. Thanks. I really appreciate being here. Well, congratulations on your joint development agreement with San Go Ben. We're so excited for NanoOne Materials. Can you tell us more about this deal, please? Yeah.  They've got a 350-year history, and they have deep roots in materials and ceramics that are used in buildings, aerospace, energy. NanoOne, as some of your listeners will know, is a technology company. We're focused on the production of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. So what this deal is, is about where our business interests sort of collide, and that's... We meet at the final stage of cathode production process, and that's where cathode patterns undergo a high-temperature process in a furnace. It's as simple as that, and so we're delighted to be collaborating with a company like San Go Ben. Obviously, they're very large, and they have a very big presence, and it's a testament to NanoOne, to our innovative technology, and, of course, to our people in the know-how that we bring to the table. Well, I couldn't agree with you more. So how would you describe the benefits for NanoOne with this collaboration? Can you tell us a little bit more about that? So the agreement we have with San Go Ben is to jointly develop technology that will enhance the thermal processing of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Ideally, we'll develop this technology and have a thermal processing offering for cathode manufacturers, and this will be in the lithium-ion battery market, and obviously it will be with a multinational company that brings a great deal of credibility to the table. Well, perhaps you can talk a little bit more about how NanoOne stands to benefit from this collaboration and joint development agreement. So we stand to benefit because we will be able to enhance our cathode materials. We'll enhance our thermal processing offerings, so that's one stage of our process for making these materials, and obviously we believe we can improve the performance, we can bring cost efficiencies at the table, and we bring a world-class partner to the table, as well as we start to roll our technology out in a commercial way. You've had a lot of really substantial good news this last year, Dan. You and your team at NanoOne Materials, and I noticed you also just put out an announcement for your 10th patent, so you tell us a little bit more about that. So that is our 10th patent. We now have patents in the U.S. and in Canada, in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan as well. We also have 30 more patents that are currently being better pending in jurisdictions all over the world, but primarily in the battery-important jurisdictions. So that would also include China and Europe as well. We're very confident in our patent portfolio and its ability to position us in the marketplace and protect the technology that we have moving forward. Of course, in looking back on your news for the year, Dan, is there anything else you'd like to draw our viewers' attention to? Well, 2019 is certainly going to be a very exciting year for us. The relationship we've been building with St. Gobain is only one of many. We are working with large automotive manufacturers, with other equipment manufacturers. We're working with battery suppliers, and also with chemical companies. And each one of those relationships, we've been nurturing with the point of bringing them into some kind of agreement or some kind of collaboration to improve our offering, obviously, and to commercialize our product into the mainstream. So you can expect to hear news about manufacturing, about more joint development of technology with some of the bigger or biggest names in the lithium-ion battery world as it stands today. So we're very excited about the people we're working with, and we hope to bring that news to everybody and your listeners included in 2019. Well, as the countdown to 2019 starts, I'm just going to tell you, Dan, we're going to have you in our top 10 stocks to watch for 2019. Thank you for joining us today. Thank you. It's a pleasure being here.