Welcome back to our lecture series Math 1220, Calculus II for students at Southern Utah University. As usual, I'm your professor today, Dr. Andrew Misseldine. Now, in this lecture 15, we're going to continue our discussion of partial fraction decompositions, and now we can use this to evaluate integrals of rational functions, such as in section 7.4 of Stuart's textbook here. Now, in this lecture, we're going to look at some more serious examples of partial fraction decompositions. What I mean by that is, we're going to take what seems like a very, very tame anti-derivative. Let's try to calculate the anti-derivative 3x minus 5 over x cubed minus 1 with respect to x. Now, this one doesn't seem so bad at first, like it is a proper fraction, the top which is linear is less than the cubic on the bottom. The problem starts to come up when you factor this thing. x cubed minus 1, the denominator, if you factor this, it is a difference of cubes. You get x minus 1, and then the other factor is x squared plus x plus 1. If you try to factor this quadratic, you're going to find out that it has no real roots. We often say this is an irreducible quadratic, which is somewhat of a misnomer. Just by saying it's irreducible, it means we cannot factor it more using real numbers. But if we're willing to use complex numbers, which are perfectly good numbers, we actually could factor this into three linear factors, for which then the anti-derivative would be actually quite, quite a cinch. And I'll say some more about this at the end. But for reasons that almost seem arbitrary to us, we're actually going to require we only use real numbers in this situation. Again, that might seem to the viewer here, it's like, why would you want to use complex numbers? And it's kind of like, well, if you're Superman, wouldn't you want to use super speed, super sight, super flight to save the people who are crashing in the airplane, as opposed to regular people who have no superpowers? Of course we would pick a superpower if we could, which the complex numbers offer us those superpowers, but we're going to arbitrarily tie some kryptonite to us and not allow us to proceed. Now, because we have this irreducible quadratic here, this x squared plus x plus one, this is going to affect our template. Three x minus five over x cubed minus one. We're going to get a factor, a partial fraction for each factor. So we're going to get A over x minus one. And then the second one is going to be x squared plus x plus one in the denominator. But as this is a proper fraction, the numerator potentially could be a linear polynomial, Bx plus C. And unlike other situations, there's not a cool little trick we're going to do to simplify this thing. We're kind of have to be stuck with what we have here. If we cleared the denominators times both sides by x cubed minus one, we get three x minus five on the left. We're going to get A times x squared plus x plus one, because that's the factor the first fraction didn't have. And then the next one we're going to get Bx plus C times x minus one, like so. And so are there cool values we can choose to try to annihilate some things right here? Well, notice that we could take x equals one. That's pretty simple. And if we do that, we're going to get three minus five on the left, which is a negative two. On the right, we get A times one plus one plus one. And then that one got annihilated. That's why we chose one. And so we see that the left-hand side equals three A. And so A is going to equal negative two-thirds as our value right there, okay? In terms of annihilating by cool values, that's almost it. That's the only root that we could use because x minus one, we did its root. The other two roots, that is the roots of x squared plus x plus one are non-real complex numbers. If we're willing to use complex numbers, we could annihilate here and we'd be done really quickly. But without specifying what they are, we're going to have to stick with real numbers here. Now we could switch and use the number x equals zero. That has a little bit of convenience because of the following. If you plug in zero on the right-hand side, you get a negative five on the left-hand side. On the right-hand side, we know that A is negative two-thirds. So we'll stick with that. Plug it in zero, give you zero, zero and one. The advantage here is that zero will annihilate B and leave C behind. So we get C times negative one. Simplifying this at all, we get negative five plus two-thirds is equal to negative C. Of course, five can become 15 over three, like so. So you get negative 13-thirds, so C will become a positive 13-thirds, like so. It's doable. And now that we know A and C, we can plug those in and find B if we just plug in a different number. I'm gonna plug in, say negative one, just because hopefully we'll have simple arithmetic. A negative one on the other side gives us a negative eight. So we get negative two-thirds. If you plug in negative one, you're gonna get one, minus one just cancels, which also gives you a one right there. This time for B, you're gonna get negative B plus C, which is a 13-thirds, and then you're gonna get a negative two. I get as an example. If you don't like all the fractions floating around here, we could multiply the right side and the left side by three. I guess it's negative 24 on the left. This will give us negative two plus negative three B plus 13 times that by negative two, like so everything's even now I notice. So divide everything by, we'll just do negative two. That gives us 12 is equal to one minus three B plus 13. One and 13 together, of course, give us a 14. So track that from both sides of the equation. We end up with negative two is equal to negative three B, and therefore B equals two-thirds, like so. So we can find this by annihilation. It gets really cumbersome here. It's not so simple as other situations. So plugging those in for A, B, and C, A, remember, was a negative two-thirds. We see that right here. So we're gonna write that as negative two over three X minus one. For the next one, B turned out to be, what was it? It was a positive two-thirds. C turned out to be 13-thirds. So there's a three in the bottom of both of them. So we're gonna plug those in. So we have a two B, so X is, that is B is two.  So we were able to do it. Again, the annihilation technique didn't work out super amazingly because of the awkwardness, trying to avoid, because we only had one root. And we were able to kind of get away with X equals zero to help us out here, but that was, this is sort of like an ad hoc argument. It worked out, but kind of complicated. On this situation, I think the systems of equations works out really nicely.  If you foil out this thing right here, you end up with BX squared minus BX plus CX minus C. And so combining like terms, you're gonna have a term associated to X squared. The left side would be a zero. The right side, you get an A plus a B. You have a coefficient associated to X. The left hand side gives us a three. The right hand side gives us an A. That gives us a negative B and plus C. And then lastly, for the constant, you get a negative five on the right. So on the left, excuse me, on the right, you get A minus C. It's a system of equations. Again, it's not the tamest of all, but really it's not gonna be much worse than we were before. We could solve this by substitution or elimination or anything like that. Let's see, I will just, I'm gonna take the first equation right here. That is, we're gonna take the first equation and we're gonna subtract from it the third equation. If we do that, we end up with, in that situation, the A's are gonna cancel. You get B minus C is equal to five. We get that and then, I guess I take that back. I wanna solve this one by substitution. Let's take the first equation. Let's take the first equation, solve it for A. That's the same thing as saying A is equal to negative B. This is gonna be a little bit cleaner here and then you can substitute that in for the A's and the other equations like so.  And then the last one, you're gonna get a negative B minus C is equal to negative five. And so in this situation, we can then eliminate C very nicely if you add the two equations together. You get negative three B is equal to negative two, therefore B equals two thirds. That's similar to what we saw above, right? You should still see it right here. B was two thirds. And then once you have that, you can start plugging that into the other equations. So plug it in right here. We get negative two thirds minus C equals negative five. That is to say C equals negative two thirds plus five, which that will give us 13 thirds like we saw before. And then you can plug that into say the first equation. Remember, so the first equation A plus B equals zero. If B equals two thirds, that means A equals negative two thirds. So in this one, I think the system of equations is a little bit cleaner. And I think in the long run, the linear systems will probably help you out here, but you can try the annihilation technique as well. Now this is sort of like the first half of the problem, right? We found the partial fraction decomposition. We're trying to integrate, remember what the original problem was, three X minus five over X cubed minus one DX. And we've now seen by this algebraic calculation that this is the same thing, where did it go? This will be the same thing as negative two thirds over three X minus one DX. And then the second one, you end up with two X plus 13 over three X squared plus X plus one DX. And so this first fraction isn't so bad, the negative two over three. I mean, we can factor out the coefficients. After out the coefficients, you get negative two thirds, the integral of DX over X minus one. The other one pull out of one third. So you get this two X plus 13 over X squared plus X plus one DX. The first one, we've seen this one a couple of times now, it's anti-derivative, it'll be negative two thirds, the natural log of X minus one. But what about the second one, right? This one's much more complicated, much, much more complicated, right? So what do we do to address this concern right here? How do you deal with that X squared plus X plus one on the bottom? There's a couple schools of thought that one could use here. And I'm gonna make one that's commonly taught in Calculus textbooks here. The idea is if we were to proceed with the U substitution, you would have to be X squared plus X plus one right here, in which case DU equals two X plus one DX, all right? In which case it's like, hmm, I have a two X, but I don't have a one, I have a 13, but 13 could be dissected into one and 12. In which case, if you did that, you could break this up to be one third, the integral of two X plus one over X squared plus X plus one DX. And then you have this one third 12 over X squared plus X plus one DX. And now, if you're gonna do this, if you're gonna break up the one and the 12, you have to make sure that the one third distributes onto both of them. Now for this one, three goes into 12 four times, so I'm just gonna factor that out.  And so now with the second integral we see right here, we know what to do with it. It's set up perfectly for a U substitution. So it looks like DU over U. And so it's anti-derivative much like the first one is gonna involve a natural log. We're gonna get one third, the natural log of X squared plus X plus one. Now on the second one, we actually don't need the absolute value because X squared plus X plus one for all real numbers is gonna be a positive number. So the absolute value is redundant in that situation. But then it comes to the issue is what the junk are we gonna do with this DX over X squared plus X plus one? We can kind of kick the can down the road so far. At some point we have to kind of deal with it. Now, this actually reminds me of something we've seen when we did trigonometric substitutions. We have a quadratic polynomial in the denominator X squared plus X plus one. How do we deal with that? Well, if it was like a sub square, that would be easy to deal with. We could do a tangent substitution. And it turns out that completing the square is what we have to do here. This X squared plus X plus one is equal to, if we try to complete the square, we take the X's and separate it from the constant plus one there. We identify our guest of honor. We take half of the middle coefficient, which is itself one half, and then square it. So we have to add one fourth, for which case we then subtract one fourth. Then the X squared plus X plus one fourth, it would factor as X plus a half quantity squared. And then you add to that three fourths like so. This is now the square completed. And this is supposed to help us get started for some type of U substitution, not U substitution trigonometric substitution, because we have a sum of squares, we would take X plus one half. This is gonna be a tangent substitution because we have a sum of squares. And this will X plus one half would be equal to square root of three over two times tangent theta. That's a lovely substitution, doable, yes, but a little complicated, right? And look some variations of this. If we solve for X, X would equal root three over two tangent theta minus one half. If we calculate DX, right, DX would equal root three over two secant square theta, d theta. And we should also make mention of the square root of X squared plus X plus one. This will equal root three over two secant theta. And you can derive that from the usual trigonometric equations or the usual, the triangle diagrams and things like that. But that's what we're gonna need that for our substitution at some point. And so if you take all of this, right, just looking at this portion of it for a moment, let's do this substitution going forward. This will then look like we have a DX on top, which becomes root three over two secant square theta, d theta. On the bottom, we had just X squared plus X plus one. So that's squaring this guy right here. That gives us a three over four secant theta, d theta. Not d theta, sorry, just secant squared this time. And so that should cancel some things kind of nicely. The secant squared's cancel. We have some cancellation, two goes into four, you get a two right there. Square root of three goes into square root of three, like so. And so when we simplify this, we end up with just the integral of two over the square root of three d theta, which anti-derivative will be two over root three theta plus a constant. Now we have to solve for theta, which using the equations we had above, solving for theta. Well, let's work that one out there.  You're gonna times that by two over the square root of three, the two will cancel. That equals tangent, so take arc tangent. We end up with two over root three times two X plus one over the square root of three. I'm sorry, this should all be inside arc tangent. So we have two over root three arc tangent, two X plus one over the square root of three plus a constant. So that's part of the anti-derivative. We didn't have to throw in the other things we had. And so in the end, we get something that looks like the following. We're gonna get, so the final answer, one third times the natural log of the absolute value of X squared plus X plus one. Whoops, I went out of order there. Oh well, minus two thirds the natural log of the absolute value of X minus one. Now remember this anti-derivative we found right here, we have to times it by four.  So we're gonna get two times four, which is eight over the square root of three times the arc tangent of two X plus one over the square root of three plus a constant, like so. And so that one was quite insidious, like I said. Not having that irreducible quadratic requires us to have to do some type of trigonometric substitute. It complicates what was already a very, very difficult exercise right here. Now I wanna say in comparison, original problem, right? The original problem we had was the integral of three X minus five over X cubed minus one DX. Recognizing that the denominator factors in the following way, right? You're gonna get a over X minus one, we know that. Then there's the X squared plus X plus one with two different quadratic roots. Let's call the first one, omega. And the second one, the root actually would be the complex conjugate omega bar. What if we allow those complex numbers as the following, right? You get a partial fraction decomposition looks like the following. A over X minus one, B over X minus omega and C over X minus omega bar. To find the antiderivative here, you're gonna get A times the natural log of the absolute value of X minus one.  Anyways, you get something like the following. This might not look like the proper answer, but it turns out using logarithmic properties when you combine this together, you're gonna get the natural log of X squared plus X plus one plus an arc tangent type of stuff. But the issue is why did we do this? Well, if we chose not to use these complex numbers because we didn't wanna deal with the arithmetic that would ensue, which in terms of the arithmetic is really not that painful. If we do a little bit of arithmetic with complex numbers, we go to avoid it a ton of arithmetic we saw above here. The other issue is that we have to accept that the natural log could have a complex coefficient, the complex entries I should say. It has one extend the natural log from the real numbers to the complex numbers. And there is an issue that has to be discussed there, but if one's willing to do that, it turns out that complex numbers can make this very hard problem become a very trivial problem. But it takes a little bit of development of doing complex variables. And in fact, we have a course at Southern Utah University and many universities have a very similar course of this about complex variables. How does one do calculus problems with complex values? And it turns out that it might not seem obvious because complex numbers aren't real, right? That's why we call them real numbers. Those are all misnumbers. But if we're willing to use some complex numbers we can dramatically simplify these calculations. Unfortunately for calculus two students we don't get to go down the easier path because we have to be trapped in this much more difficult path of having our real number blinders on. And so I wanted to present this to you because some of you in the future will learn some more about complex numbers or some of you might actually be interested in learning more about complex numbers because they do help us solve real life problems. It might seem counterintuitive, but imaginary numbers can help us solve real problems in a much easier way than real numbers alone can do.


What is going on guys, welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here, today I want to cover the Regressions post which has been floating about on the internet which basically covers the Regressions from Destiny 3. Regressions basically means Return 2 or Lost Developed State, basically these post covers things which were taken out of what we know as a Destiny player when Destiny 2 arrived. So we will run through this massive list and speak a little more on this but before we get into it guys do you want to win some epic loot, if so I have emblem codes, sparrow codes, gift cards and much more to win some simply drop a like on the video and leave a comment down below also join my discord server linked within the video description. Ok so on to the list, so we are going to start with the removal of chaos and collections. No heroic mode strikes story missions, cannot replay story missions at will, no rewards at end of crucible and nightfall game modes, no random weapon armor perks, no skeleton keys, strike specific loot, one over one drop rate on raid encounters, cannot select specific pvp modes, no pvp private matches, no rift mode in pvp, no rumble mode in pvp, no salvage mode in pvp, no mayhem mode in pvp, no inferno mode in pvp, no skirmish mode in pvp, no 6v6 pvp modes, no 3v3 pvp modes, no sparrow racing league, no machine guns, no customisable class trees, no record books, no equipment segregation in the vault, no visible recitation levels, no collectibles, dead ghosts etc, no bounties, exotic weapon quests, take inventory slots, no gunsmith quests, ze has a limited inventory, no vanguard crucible equipment vendors, n-grams are limited per account, no ammo simps, cannot reroll weapons or armor, armor and weapons have only one active perk, shaders can only be applied once, no connection meters are visible within pvp obviously, no daily story playlist, no weekly strike playlist, and no vanguard consecutive strike streak bonus. So this list was put together by Steve The Impact and no doubt there are more things that have been taken away from what we know of Destiny Year 3, now I know a lot of people will be thinking and saying well Destiny 2 is a new game, Destiny Year 3 is a game with years of added content, yes that is very true indeed but that isn't the point here, the point is all of which I mentioned on that list which is missing is to a point of this new game in Destiny 2 isn't really a follow up, it's more like a reboot, a sequel to a game should take all of what we loved and expected from the first game and put them into place within that sequel, not take away all what we love from the first game and replace it with absolutely nothing, the way in which the game has developed over the past few years to become a game so full of content is unreal and a leading up to the point of Destiny 2 I highly doubt anyone thought Destiny 2 after a few months would be in this state. What Bungie are indeed doing is the exact same thing they did with Destiny 1, the game before DLCs although it offered more than what Destiny 2 did, it died pretty quick, the DLCs brought and added new things into the game, a lot of the things people asked for to make the game better, meant the game more of a grind, more accessible in many ways and added more things to do, I have a feeling the exact same things from these regressions of the list which people asked for within Destiny 1 which Bungie delivered on will also sometime be delivered in Destiny 2, the exact same features we expected to be a standard issue in Destiny 2, what pisses me off even more is the fact people seem to be happy with it and Bungie taking away core features only to add them later down the line as new DLC features which in my opinion is a serious piss take but many people including content creators don't say a bad word to Bungie as they don't want to jeopardise their Bungie event invites, they won't say a thing they will suck it up and spread the joy acting like it's right which in fact it isn't, but guys you don't have to worry I won't ever become that person, if you guys have followed me for a while now you know I say it how it is, I say what I believe not lying to my fan base while keeping things real I do respect Bungie in many many ways and do give props to the things I believe they do right, they do listen for the most part and do deliver also but these kind of tactics upon removing core features only to add them back later down the line is kind of scummy did they mean to take things away knowing they will add them later on down the line I would hope not but in saying that they know what we wanted as we pleaded with them for the changes in Destiny 1, more about the point to this list if you were to go back and start Destiny 1 fresh the amount of things to play and grind for is unreal although Destiny 2 I understand could never be as full of content upon release but it should have definitely not taken away a lot the core elements which make the game what it should be that is the point of this regression's list Bungie have kind of not learned a thing over the past few years it seems but like I said in saying that they did mention changes which are coming which seem great these changes really should have been in place from the start but still there are things needed to be in place things like purchase and vendor items with shards and so forth all that juicy 2 season 2 info which was dropped that kind of seems like the game we want is to be the changes being brought with that and no doubt the changes being brought with the DLC coming soon I understand the concern of many people as well though we talked about how Bungie didn't mention power level increase at this twitch kind reveal stream while here's actually why season 2 I believe will drop surely after the first DLC the DLC will deliver on power level increases no doubt and many of the features what they talked about season 2 wires added features to a system which will have changed from what we know now to the new features that come into place with the DLC so yes as we have learned be patient with Bungie and they will eventually deliver even if they're delivering the same things we've already had before expect three live streams from Bungie in November covering the new DLC and more I obviously we have you guys covered here on my channel so if you're new around here and enjoy daily destiny be sure to subscribe what kind of makes me sad though is the fact 99% of my friends list who would normally be playing destiny at this stage of release are playing other games such as fortnight a game I am loving and we'll be covering more of here on my channel but on that note guys let me know what you think about this regression as a list thanks as always for stopping by leaving a like really does help me out and hopefully I'll see you on that next one


Hello everybody, welcome back to another Adobe Illustrator CC 2021 tutorial. In this one, I'm going to show you how to reflect or duplicate or mirror, I guess mirror is a better term, the work that you've done and reflect it so that it is an exact duplicate on the other side. Let me show you what I'm talking about here. I've got some just some basic rounded rectangles and a line and it's a very basic pattern. What I want to do is I want to take this pattern and I want it to be as the same on the other side. The reason why you want to do that is because you don't want to have to copy and duplicate all the layers and all the shapes one by one, I want to do it all at once. The first step here is you want to select everything that you want to reflect or duplicate or mirror, then you want to go to Object and group them. So I'm going to take all these shapes and I'm going to group them together. Now on the left side, there is a reflect tool. However, you'll notice that the rotate tool is the default one that's selected. We actually want to go down one and select the reflect tool. So you can do that by clicking on the toolbar there or hitting O. Now making sure that again that everything is in a group, I'm going to hold down the Alt key or the Option key if you're on a Mac and I'm just going to click on any one of these anchor points. I'm going to left click and when I do that you're going to see here it says reflect and in this case you have to go horizontal. You can reflect it vertically or you can select a unique angle of your own. This is the one I want. I want to reflect it vertically and also I don't want to hit OK. I'm not hitting OK here. Instead I'm hitting copy. That's an important point. I'm going to left click on copy and when I do that, I have an exact mirror or an exact duplicate of what I had on the left side. It's now reflected onto the other side and I can go ahead now and move it and space it out. Let's say hold down Shift key and do some things like this and bang. There, I've got a kind of cool looking object. I've got a cool looking look here guys and it is an exact replica. It's a reflection. That's all there is to it guys. Thanks for watching this tutorial. 10 more stuff coming up. Stay tuned.


Alright, I have been waiting to make this video for a long time. Your third eye, or your pineal gland, can be very easily unblocked and cleared and opened. And this is not some esoterical nonsense. It's actually pretty simple. And the problem is, which I'm going to explain in this video if you watch the whole thing, it's not this weird spiritual concept opening the third eye for those who don't know. Like the third eye chakra is the gateway to the divine, it allows you to do all kinds of crazy things, astral projection, a super advanced lucid dreaming, you know, accessing your gifts, connecting to your higher self. It's really powerful. You may have seen some of this stuff in, well, you know, the movie Doctor Strange was inspired by a lot of this stuff. And what a lot of people think is the problem is that they have to go down this spiritual journey, meditate for two hours a day and, you know, really dive deep into the world and it's like this really difficult, mysterious thing. That's not the truth. The truth is everybody's third eye would and could naturally open and become unblocked. It's really just a case of stopping doing the things that are keeping it blocked. Let me explain that again. You're doing things in your daily life that keep your third eye closed. Okay. And you're probably not aware of these things because you've never been told they're bad for you. But by doing these things and by being having these things done to you, I should say really, because a lot of these things, it's like the default state where we're not really given a choice. We're not really told that it's doing this, but it is. And when you stop doing these things, your third eye naturally opens on its own. There's nothing to do as such. It just is there. It just opens and becomes accessible to you. So I'm not sure what I'm going to title this video, but it's something like how to open your third eye or I don't know. But basically what you need to do, it's very simple. You just need to stop doing the things that are keeping it closed. So what does that mean? Ingesting fluoride. I'm going to just go through them one by one. Ingesting fluoride. Fluoride is a poison. If you look on your toothpaste tube, it says contains fluoride. Oh, if you have toothpaste that contains fluoride. Contains fluoride. If you swallow more than a pea sized amount, call poison control. Literally. Like if you look at the tube, it says that. Now they have to legally put that because it's a poison. It's a neurotoxin. It damages your brain in a way that's in many cases irreparable if you ingest enough of it. So the first step is to stop using toothpaste fluoride, switch to non fluoride ones. And within about a month, you will feel very different. And it's one of those things that you don't really notice. You don't really know how much it's affecting you until you stop doing it. So give that one a try. The second thing is that fluoride is also in the water. Depending on where you live, well, some countries are worse than others, okay? Fluoride is in the water and unless you filter it out, you're ingesting with every glass of water the same amount that the toothpaste tube would tell you to call poison control for. But somehow when it's in the water, they don't care about it or you don't have to call poison control or something. But it's the same principle. The fluoride is a neurotoxin, stop ingesting the neurotoxin and your brain will function better. I mean, it kind of sounds like no brainer, right? It sounds like a very simple explanation. Stop ingesting the poison. You start feeling better. Very simple stuff. So you can get fluoride filters online on Amazon. There's all kinds of different ways to filter it out. I'm sure you'll figure it out. Okay. So the next thing is endocrine disruptors, hormone damaging or substances and chemicals that damage the balance of hormones in your body. I could make a whole video talking about endocrine disruptors. Basically if it's not natural, if it's very chemically, you know, synthesized and created, it's probably bad for you. And I'm sure you know this. Basically, if you can't eat it, it's probably not good to put on your skin. If you can't ingest it as in swallow it and digest it, you probably shouldn't be having it. Let's say if things like... And there's all kinds of things. I could go into another whole rabbit hole on this. Things like most shower gels, things like sun cream. There's all kinds of things that are... You can get natural versions of them, but those natural versions of them don't contain the dangerous chemicals that will damage and keep your third eye closed. So look at endocrine disruptors. I want to try and keep this concise. Maybe I'll make another video about that. Let me know in the comments if you want me to do that. And lastly, I would like to explain the worst one of all. Okay, worst in fluoride, worst in endocrine disruptors, worst in chemicals. And that is alcohol. Alcohol lowers your vibration. Alcohol lowers your frequency. It's bad for you. It makes you feel worse. It is literally a poison, literally. The definition of it is a poison. The only reason that it's allowed to be sold is because it helps lower the population's frequency.  Now I know we're going to get people saying, well, technically everything's a poison in large enough quantities. Yes, but alcohol is also, by definition, a poison. It's the same as fluoride. It's not like apples where, yeah, technically if you ate enough apples, you would probably not feel great. Apples are not poison. Alcohol is a poison. Specifically, it helps to calcify your pineal gland and form phosphate crystals on the inside of it, which actually stops it working how it should. This is a big one because it's tied to, I don't know how to keep this a short video. Maybe you guys don't mind. It's tied to how the circadian rhythm and your melatonin production works. So the pineal gland helps to secrete melatonin. Melatonin is known as the hormone of darkness, which is what happens when the sun goes down, your body, when it gets dark, your body starts producing melatonin using the pineal gland to help to circulate it basically through your body. When you stay up past when the sun goes down, when you stay up late, when you overstimulate yourself with blue lights, and this is the reason you often see me wearing these orange glasses is because they filter out the blue light. So if I have to stay up late at night, they filter out the blue light so my body can still produce melatonin. It's super important. So what happens is the sun goes down, your body starts producing melatonin. If you interrupt that process by drinking alcohol and staying out or staying active moving around, listening to music, going clubbing, let's say is the absolute worst thing you can do for your third eye and overall health and sleep is to go out clubbing at night and then drinking alcohol.  It's really, really bad. But the interesting thing is, and the reason this video is so simple and yet so complex, is because naturally, if you look at, let's say, a tribe living in the savannah, or in the jungle, let's say, they're not drinking alcohol or at least very rarely. They are not going clubbing. They're not keeping themselves up with artificial lights. They're not swallowing poison or brushing their teeth with fluoride. They're not smothering their bodies in chemical shower gels and sun creams. They're just living in harmony with nature and they're some of the happiest people in the world. And they also, interestingly, are some of the most connected in terms of the astral realm and the lucid dreaming stuff. There's lots and lots of things to be said about this, right? The dream shamans. They're connected with this stuff at a very deep level. And it's because when you stop doing these bad things and you just live in harmony with nature, your third eye naturally opens. These are natural gifts that we all have. So in the modern world, the average person watching this, it's not some difficult journey that you need to go down to, you know, practice for years and like maybe one day you can open your third eye and lucid dreaming and all this stuff. No. It's very simple. All you need to do is stop doing the things that are bad for you.  We are not nocturnal, by the way. And just start being more in harmony with what nature is and your natural gifts will open up, your third eye will open and your pineal gland. So it's actually very simple. I hopefully I can keep this under 10 minutes. But yeah, let me know in the comments, which of those things you're doing and like, how do you feel? Do you feel connected to nature and reality? Do you feel good? Or maybe it's time for a change? I don't know. Let me know.


Hello. Good morning sir. Good morning all. Good morning. Please sir, you can start with the introduction sir. Good morning one and all present here for the NPTEL awareness online workshop in association with Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune. Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune is a multi-disciplinary, multi-state university, established by honorable founder Dr. Patan Raoji Kadamsaheb. Today's online workshop is hosted by Bharti Vidyapet Institute of Management, Kulapur. It is established in the year of 1994. Before 2005, it was affiliated to Sivaji University, Kulapur. From 2005 onwards, it is the constituent unit of Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune. It is a local chapter of NPTEL swim since December 2019, established under the guidance of Dr. Rajesh Kantesar, the director of the institute. Being spoke of the local chapter and in behalf of Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune and Bharti Vidyapet Institute of Management, Kulapur, I take this opportunity to welcome the expert team of NPTEL, Kamla madam, Preetar Sani madam, Dipya madam from IIT Madras, Bharti madam and her team from IIT Bombay. I would like to welcome the dignitaries of the university, Dr. Sivaji Rao Kadamsaheb, Chancellor of Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune, Dr. Biswajit Kadamsaheb, Pro Vice Chancellor of Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune, Dr. Vivek Saoji sir, Vice Chancellor of Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune, Dr. S.F. Patil sir, Dr. Kirti madam from IQSE cell Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune, Dr. Sachin Vailekar sir, Dean Management Studies Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune. I would like to welcome today's guest, Dr. K. Malaskar sir, Head of the Department of Computer Application, Bharti Vidyapet Institute of Management, Kulapur. He is a renowned academician and researcher. He has published various research publications and published various patents. Welcome you sir. I welcome the teaching faculty and students presented here through YouTube live session. Today's session is having following agenda that will cover establishment of local chapters in various institutes, courses offered by NPTEL under SWEM MOOC. Credit transfer policy as suggested by UGC, AICT and higher educational authority under NEP 2020. Credit deposition in academic bank of credit as suggested by NEP 2020. Moving ahead, I would like to invite Professor Dr. K. Malaskar sir to give a brief on BVDU Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune and the MOOC adoption policy at Bharti Vidyapet Dim University Pune. Dr. K. Malaskar sir, please. Madam, please unmute Dr. K. Malaskar sir. Yes. Good morning one and all. Let me welcome again the NPTEL team, local team as well as the guest from IIT Madras, guest from IIT Mumbai. Let me introduce about Bharti Vidyapet first. Bharti Vidyapet is founded by Dr. Patangravji Kadam. He founded this Bharti Vidyapet in 1964, 10th May 1964 at a place Pune where he has started English and mathematics courses. Just to make awareness to the, especially the students, those who are from the background of rural background especially. Then this seed of Bharti Vidyapet spread over all over India. We have a branch in Delhi, we have a branch in Mumbai, we have a branch in Pune, Kolapur, Solapur, Sangli, these are the management institutes. Apart from this, we are providing education, imparting education from pre-primary to post-graduation and PhD. More than 175 branches of Bharti Vidyapet spread all over India. Let me come down to Bharti Vidyapet Deemed University. It was established in 1996, 26th April 1996, UGC has accorded a status of Deemed University to our Bharti Vidyapet. Now we have 29 Constituent Units of Bharti Vidyapet Deemed University. Let me come down to our Bharti Vidyapet Deemed University Institute of Management Kadamwadi Kolapur, who is hosting today's NPTEL awareness of NPTEL courses. Let me thank first these people and let me thank to our coordinator, Professor Netpesh Kuk, because he has coordinated and he is working since last two, three years. Bharti Vidyapet Deemed University Institute of Management, we are offering MBA, MBA, BBA and BCA courses, more than 1200 students we have with us. The need of this NPTEL, let me clarify this. Last year, we started working on, since last year, based on the new education policy, NEP 2020, based on this. This year we introduced NEP 2020 for BBA, BCA, MBA and MCA. So for these courses, I think for the first semester, apart from the first semester, from the second semester itself, there are some courses, MOOC courses, which are introduced for all the courses. So student has to go for, this is my request to the students, especially the students from our institute and the students, those who are joining from other institutes also, it's the compulsory, their students. This lecture is definitely useful for we people, not only for the students, it will be useful for the faculty members also. Why it is necessary? Within few months, few years, you will find that now, last week only, we come to know that there are, UGC has given permission to the other universities, that means foreign universities. Within, after one or two years, you will find that there is no need of a class, there is no need of a college, there is no need of a university. Without university, after all, it is required, but physical existence, it is not necessary because online education will be provided and good universities and good institutions, they are providing such type of a courses. One of that, the IIT, which is which providing the government of India's, one of the renowned institutions, they are providing such type of facilities. Definitely, this will be useful for our students, they will go for, even during my lectures also, I'm impressing our students that go for new courses. We are teaching according to syllabus. What it is needed in the market, you will get online. Sometimes the courses are free of charge. Some courses, which you require to be paid, like NPTEL courses, you require to be attend course for three months, six months and you will require to be paid 1000 rupees fee only. So definitely this will be useful, very, very useful for our students and our faculty members. Again, welcome all the guests, those who are present who are here and your lecture will be definitely useful for us. Thank you, thank you very much. So now, I would like to invite the NPTEL local chapter team, IIT Bombay, under the guidance of IIT Madras team to move ahead and continue the session. So many of you may be familiar with this logo. This is the NPTEL logo. We'll start off with it. So NPTEL is today a lot of initiatives put together. It's not just about creating courses and putting it up on the website, but we have certification, not just certification for one course, but it is also clubbing courses together to make it into a domain. For faculty, we have FDP courses which fetch you career points, then we have internship opportunity for students, we have soft skill training going on for local chapter students and so on. So this is what this presentation will talk about. Okay, so you might have all heard about these two terms, NPTEL and SWAYAM. So SWAYAM is a project of the ministry, the government of India and they created this in 2017 and said that all these agencies that you see below, right? IAM, Bangalore, UGC, CEC, NCRT, NITR, AICP, they all have to offer courses for certification under SWAYAM. So NPTEL is also a national coordinator under SWAYAM. We primarily offer courses in engineering, the UG level, the bachelor's level, the MTech ME level, some PhD level courses also. We have courses that are there in the management and humanities division inside IITs. We offer that also on NPTEL. NPTEL also coordinates with some institutes like the ISERS to offer, say, the physics, chemistry, mathematics courses. We work with the triple ITs, we work with national law school Bangalore, we work with some medical institutions to offer medical related courses. Maybe 90% of our courses will be engineering related humanities management and 10% is something else we help. So NPTEL comes under SWAYAM and we coordinate this primarily. There are other agencies also. So one thing to remember when you are going to SWAYAM.gov.in and you try to enroll to any course, so you try to join any course. Please check whether the national coordinator is NPTEL if you want to join the NPTEL course because if you just search for, say, a database management systems course. Maybe there is some other college also offering it with somebody else's coordinating. So the course name that we offer will also be database management system. There's will also be that possibly. So how do you actually differentiate if it's an NPTEL course? On every course card we will have a logo of NPTEL. I showed you when we come there, but you can check that and then you can join the course. Okay, that is something that you have to look out for. Okay, NPTEL started in 2003. The vision mission that we have had is to record the content that is being taught to IAT students and put it out for anybody to watch and view so that nobody can say, I didn't get a chance to prepare for IATs. I am not in the IATs today. I cannot get access to their knowledge to their teaching. Hence, you know, I'm denied this opportunity. Nobody can say that today. More than 2000 courses we have in our repository. You can go there and you can actually access the courses for free. You can just go there. You can scroll. You can watch all the videos. We have more than 50,000 hours of video in our website. You can access all that for free. There is no charge. There is no free fee at all to access our content. Okay, there's somebody who's asking is NPTEL useful for students of LLB. So National Law School Bangalore NLSIU is offering two courses. I think in Jan, I don't know if we have in July, we had two courses, I think, and more are coming in that so specific to law. We do have a couple of courses. IIT Kharagpur has a law department. So from there, we have some courses coming in. But otherwise, you can access the general courses that we have also say on management or English. Those might be useful to you. So whenever you think of a website, what really do you look out for? Say how many people access that website? How much content do we have? In a YouTube also, whenever we go to and watch a YouTube video or a YouTube channel, one of the things we look at is how many people have watched that video or how many subscribers are there in that channel. So this is the NPTEL statistics. We have more than 1.3 billion views of the NPTEL videos. Okay, so this is like huge, huge for a technical channel which has no entertainment. You can't call NPTEL videos as entertainment. There is no song and dance or something. It's all faculty from the IITs, IIC teaching, serious stuff there. And for that, we have more than 1.3 billion views. We have 37 lakh subscribers on our YouTube channel. So any of you has not subscribed to our channel today. I think I would say you're missing out on something. Go to our YouTube channel. Subscribe for our updates so that you get it. Go to our social media handles. Subscribe to our social media handles so that you get the latest updates from NPTEL. And this is where we are today as of NPTEL. So these are what we do at NPTEL today. And if you do an NPTEL course, what is the use of it? So the very first point is credit transfer. I was just talking to Dr. Satishals about it and said that maybe we should try to see whether students can get credit transfer for the courses that you do from NPTEL. But yes, even if you don't get credit transfer, I think you get a lot of knowledge from NPTEL courses. For instance, say what are the kind of courses we have that we would recommend to students in your college, correct? So we will say that we have a lot of programming courses. So we have programming and C, C++, Python, Java programming and all that. So if you are, say, a BSE Physics student or a BA English student, maybe a BCOM student, as part of your program in the college, you would not be learning programming possibly. So you can go to NPTEL, you can learn the programming course, you can learn a bit of programming and also get that certificate along with your program.  It's good for y'all to know at least something about it, okay? That is the first part. The other thing, okay, what are the other courses we have that is useful for you? If you're planning for higher education, you want to go in for a master's degree.  Those courses will be available on NPTEL. So we have all the UG undergraduate courses. You can go through that. You don't even have to write the exam for each of these courses. You can just go through the videos, you can try solving problems. You can watch many videos, try to get knowledge from it and strengthen your foundation. So if you're going for higher education, I would say the courses are really useful. So first thing I'll say, try something like programming courses. When you go in for higher education, probably you want to try and strengthen your fundamentals. The third thing, try to learn something that is of interest to you, which you possibly cannot learn otherwise. For instance, we have courses on German language teaching you German, teaching you Japanese, teaching you Sanskrit. So if you want to learn any of these, you can come to NPTEL and learn. So for instance, German is taught only by maybe the Goethe Institute and maybe some other institutes. Here the same course is taught, but it is free for you. And if you want a certificate, you can write the exam, but otherwise too, you can learn the German language for free. Same thing, you can learn Japanese language. Why are these useful? Maybe you go to a company that has branches in Germany, Japan. They have opportunities for people to go there, but you need to know the language. So at that point, this becomes very useful for you. So you can try to learn other languages also through NPTEL courses. Okay, maybe you're technically very strong. You have good foundations. You have good knowledge in your particular program, but maybe your English is not very good. Hence, you're not confident about speaking. We have a lot of courses like soft skills development, soft skills enhancement, how to attend an interview, the body language that you have to have when attending an interview, interpersonal communication skills, leadership skills. So we have a lot of courses like this that you can also go through. It will give you a lot of tips on how to present yourself, how to ready yourself for such situations so that having the knowledge you can also be confident when you talk to somebody and you are presenting or being in an interview. So that's another set of NPTEL courses that we have as part of what we offer. So anybody who wants to learn, I think should be able to get at least two or three courses of their interest that they can join and learn. Joining is free, like I said, there is no fee at all. It is all completely free and you can watch it. There are no live classes. These are all recorded lectures. So you can watch at your convenience.  On Saturday, Sunday, you can watch it. There will be one assignment every week. You have to solve the assignment and you have to submit it. So that also you get 10 days of time. So you can watch the lectures. You can try solving the assignment. Maybe a couple of you friends are joining the same course. You can all sit together. You can learn from each other. You can solve together. Take help from your teachers and you can do the NPTEL courses. So there is no such thing as there will be live lectures. Maybe you will miss a few lectures because you have college or something. It is all video lectures along with assignment. So the first part is credit transfer and learning from our courses. Apart from it, if you do very well, maybe we should go to next slides. So this is the credit transfer. I don't want to discuss too much about this because I think your university doesn't have credit transfers. So I will skip this slide. So credit transfer just as a piece of information for maybe the faculty who are out here. IITs do do credit transfer from NPTEL courses. We do it at the BTEC level. We do it at the master's level for PhD working professionals for them to get credit transfer also we do it. So IITs also do credit transfer from NPTEL courses. It is not just the outside colleges that have to be ourselves do credit transfer from NPTEL courses. This is an important thing I would say. So we have a program by which the toppers in the courses actually get internship opportunity with the faculty in the IITs. So whoever has offered that course, they take it normally about two, three, five interns during summer or winter if you are a topper in the course. So if you do a course very well and you become a topper in the certification course, then we give you an opportunity to intern with the faculty. So we are trying to scale up these numbers COVID hit us also so we could not get them. But we hope it will be at least 200, 300 students who can intern at the IITs with the faculty. So this is a wonderful opportunity for you to come and stay in the city, be in the IIT Madras or IIT Kanpur or IIT Kharagpur or IIT Bombay lab. You get to interact with the faculty members there you interact with their PhD scholars there. You can do all of this which will be wonderful if you're especially thinking about going for higher studies you'll get the idea of what is done in these institutes. I think it's a really good opportunity for students outside of the IITs to come in and experience the IITs here. So there is internship, then we also do soft skill training. So there are many colleges who provide it on their own, but there are also some colleges who do not have this training for the students. So if college students in local chapters, they participate in NPTEL courses, then for those students we are providing soft skill training. So this training is of two types. We do a one week training or we do a two week training depending on how much time the student can spare and the college also wants the students to do. So here we have group discussion practice, we ask you to write your resume and we give input on the resume. We ask you all to present about yourselves, give feedback about how you should talk, where you should look, your body language and so on. And there are also a one on one. Like every student will get half an hour with a trainer to discuss about how they should also do. So the right side photo you see is a one on one where we do mock interviews. We try to simulate an interview and see how you're responding and then give feedback on how you should do better in your interview. So we do soft skill training for students who do NPTEL courses. So this is something that we do from NPTEL again. If you look at numbers, we have finished soft skill training for more than 2000 students currently. And we are doing about 10 colleges a month and we hope to scale it up. So if you're, I don't know whether college has done it, but yes, we can extend it to y'all also and we can get it done. Okay. So there's a seven or 14 day training program that I was talking about next. Okay. So somebody was asking, will we get jobs with these NPTEL courses? How is it helpful to us? And so on. When we do surveys of NPTEL students and where they have gotten placed, these are the companies that they have gotten placed so far. This is like some of the companies are on. It's not all the companies that they've gotten placed for, but they have said that the NPTEL courses have really helped them when they went for the interviews. When they show a certificate to the interviewer and say, I did a course with the IITs. I got so much marks in that course. It really does help in the job interview. So those people also ask questions on that, assuming you've studied well and you can answer. It will definitely help you that outside of the college syllabus, you have done something more to learn and skill yourself. Also, companies approach us and ask us, do we have students in particular areas that we can send them their resumes? So we also collect resumes of students on our site. And if they're interested, we send these out to the companies and the companies call them for interviews, go through their levels of recruitment. And we have been able to place NPTEL students from our side also in some companies. So we are still working on it. I hope this will increase. We are talking with more companies on this front. But otherwise, even if you have like two or three courses from NPTEL and the certificates for it, I think it will be hugely useful because of the logos we put on the certificate. The next one, there are a lot of students, learners, faculty who do multiple courses with us. There are people who do the courses, maybe they do three courses in a semester, four courses in a semester. They are toppers into a three courses every semester. There are people who have done a lot of courses with us. I'll maybe show you the data in the next one. But this is another type of recognition we give to NPTEL learners. So you can go to NPTEL website. And at the top, we have a link called NPTEL stars. So click on that link, click on any of this. You will see how many people are actually doing multiple courses with us. So if students are thinking, oh, I don't have time and I'm so busy, I can't do it. You should just see these pages to see how come these people who are working professionals, who are students in colleges just like you or who are maybe, you know, studying or faculty or something. So are they able to get the time to do so many courses? If they can get the time, I think anybody can get the time, right?  So this page I would say, please go and see. So these are the kind of domain scholars, superstars, evangelists and all we have. We have more than about 3000 as I can just calculate on the flight that we are going to have these people doing multiple courses and they are NPTEL stars with us today. So there is something called domain certification that we have currently come up with in the last two years. So what is a domain, right? So a domain we have created just to club courses together and maybe about five or six courses we have put together. And we say that if you study this six courses and you get more than 60 in the course in each course, not just pass it by getting a 40, then you get a domain scholar certificate. So why is this important? This is important because it shows that you have specialized in a particular area. So for instance, we have a programming domain. So in the programming domain, we have courses such as C, C++, Python, database management course and then maybe cloud computing course and so on. So if you do a programming domain and you do all the six courses, it shows that you have a solid foundation in this particular area. So when you go for an interview and you actually show a domain certificate versus just one or two certificates from us that will make more of an impact on the interviewing person. So this is something we recommend. It is more just to guide students on what to study to become to become and specialize in one particular area. We found that many NPTEL learners do four or five courses, but they do random courses that are not connected to each other. So this domain will guide you in what to study if you want to specialize in a particular area. We have about 53 domains today in all branches of engineering, management, English and for faculty, we have a faculty domain basic and advanced also so that you can also go through that part of it. So you can go to our website. There are more details on domains there. You can, we can talk about it later too. Yeah, so these are some of the domains we have. So for you, it might be relevant the English studies we have a domain psychology we have a domain management we have it in marketing operations, patents and intellectual property and economics and of course engineering and all we have a couple of domains. So, if you're a general student, not an engineering student, I would recommend the programming domain for you if you want to try out something do the programming domain or do the management domain. That will be really useful for you. So if you're an engineering student, of course, you can try any of the domains relevant in your particular discipline of engineering or you can do a cross discipline. So for instance, I'm maybe mechanical engineer. I like electrical engineering. You can actually do the courses in electrical engineering and you can get a domain from there. So here, nobody stops you and says, Hey, you're in mechanical engineering department. You cannot study electrical engineering, say power systems course, power electronics course. You're not allowed to study that there is no such thing like that. Anybody can study any course as long as you can cope with it. So you can also do a cross department study by doing domains from any of what is listed here. This is what a domain certificate looks like. We give this, we list all the courses you have done and we assign it out of course from the specific IIT that we are giving it from. So how do we do lab courses? Is it online? Not really. We do it in the institutes. We do it in various institutes such as ISERS, IIT. You can come here. You can stay for a week at the institute. You can do the lab experiments. You can listen to faculty giving one or two lectures in the day and then do a lab exam and take a certificate. So what is the advantage of this? You will get to see really modern labs. You will get to see what the state of the art labs are in these institutes. You can see the equipment that is there, the modern equipment that is there. You can see the advanced research that is happening here. You can interact and get explained on all this equipment. So we had very successful labs being run at all these places. This is a wonderful opportunity. Again, if you do the theory course in NPTEL, those people, we will permit that you can apply and come for these lab certification courses and you can do the workshops here. So that was the idea behind the question we asked you. What else do we do at NPTEL? This is for faculty in colleges. So faculty in colleges under the AICT scheme, we explicitly have an MOU with them where NPTEL advanced courses, if you do and pass, you will get an AICT approved FDP certificate. So that is for faculty in AICT colleges. For those under the UGC scheme, they have given a broad guideline that if you do swyme courses, there will be some career progression points. But the actual logistics, I'm not sure you'll have to check within your university. So that is something that is there. But we see that more than about 20,000, 30,000 faculty write our exams every semester and most of them apply for the FDP certificates also. This is very, very useful for faculty, I will say, because you don't have to spend money. You don't have to take leave. You don't have to miss your college work and go to some institute, stay for a week or stay for 10 days and then do an FDP course. You can do the FDP course online itself just like the students. You join for free on swyme portal.  Once you get your certificate, you can apply for the FDP certificate to us and get that too. That's all it takes to do an FDP course with us today. So this is very important for faculty. I hope this is clear. This is what the FDP certificate looks like. You can see that it has the signature of the director from AICT also. There is a regulation under which they have approved this, the AICT logo is there. So this you can present when you are going in for your promotion interviews. The conversion that they do is a four week NPTEL course is equivalent to half FDP of one week. An eight week NPTEL course is a full FDP of one week and a 12 week course is equivalent to one and a half weeks FDP equivalent. So this is the equivalence of it. Okay. Yes. The next thing I wanted to talk about was gate coaching. So we have started a new link on our website and somebody has given us CSR money for developing this and providing whatever. I wouldn't call it coaching but yes gate preparation, whatever we can help students with to have and prepare for gate exams free again. We are trying to do from our side. So you can go here and we have given solutions to all the previous gate questions. We have given videos solving those questions. We have extra questions that are coming up practice questions that will be coming up small courses linking all the videos that are relevant to date. So we will be coming up phase one is only over phase two and phase three. We will be coming up within the next six months. So if you are watching this link on NPTEL website, if you are preparing for the gate exam. Okay. That is one new initiative we have come up with the next initiative exams outside of India. So till 2020 we were doing exams only in India where you have to go to a center and you have to write it. And then we got a lot of requests from people outside of India saying they also study from NPTEL courses and they want to write exams with us. So now we help to do that also people outside India can also write exams NPTEL exams and get certificates from us. Okay. Yeah. So translation is the next effort. So for people who are asking in what languages do we offer courses the faculty teach only in English for now. But the English transcripts we translate into eight languages. So we do Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, Hindi, Gujarati, Bengali and Marathi. So that's the languages that we are translating it into. So Telugu we have a lot of transcripts that are translated into Telugu language. The faculty will talk in English but you can also read what we have translated in Telugu or Tamil or Hindi whatever is your language and you can understand it better. We are keeping the videos in English so that you also learn English because when you go to work somewhere English will be the primary language you have to communicate in. So this is something we're doing one or two courses we are getting in regional language. For instance, this time in January, we are doing a machine learning course in Tamil language. The faculty is going to teach in Tamil language. There is a signals and systems course that is coming out in Hindi language. In July semester we are getting an R programming course in Hindi language. So only two or three we have most are in English. We don't have too many other language courses. So that's something you can check. Let me take a question from the chat. There are one or two saying I'm from commerce background. I'm from BCOM what courses we can take. So for BCOM students we do have a lot of accounts related courses. You can check those out. Go to management department. I'll show you how to filter and learn from it. You can go there and you can see how to do it. So you can check out management related courses in which we have accounts related commerce economics related courses. That's something you can learn or if you're learning all that anyway in your college, right? I would strongly recommend programming courses for you all. Learn at least one programming language to know what is programming. How do people program whether you write the exam or not. I would say please write the exam. But yes, even if you don't write the exam, at least try a course. Do the assignment, see whether you can do something about it. Or if you're not doing that, I would propose the English courses. I would propose the German language or the Japanese language course that you can learn from. Those are what we have. Quite a few for you to choose from. I would say more than a hundred we would have for BCOM level students at least. Okay. Yeah. So these are translation. How many courses we have in each language? So in Telugu we have 48 courses that are translated for now. So that's what we have, right? Okay. We have also something called special lecture series. So we also have industry people come in and present lectures. So these are again free to watch. Very interesting topics. Very, very distinguished people who come and present lectures. These are vice president, CEO, CTOs of companies like IBM, CapGermany, Infosys that we've had in the past. IAS officers who have come and spoken to us, film directors who's come and spoken to us. Journalist in the Hindu, a director at Hindu entrepreneurs. So I would really say you should go and watch these lectures when you have time. Even if you missed it last year, it's okay. But listening to such people is very inspirational. You know what they have done, how they have worked, how they have brought up new companies, how they've started a company. Where did they get their idea from? These are all really interesting to listen to. I would say please go back and listen to some of these lectures. It will give you a tremendous amount of information, knowledge, and maybe there'll be some topic to talk about also when somebody asks you something, it will widen your knowledge base. This is something that you can see. And if you're wondering saying how many students study, how many courses, right? Maybe you think some students study only one or two courses and that's all we can do. That's what is useful, right? Look at this. There is one learner who has done 47 NPTEL exams with us. That's as good as a degree program or more than the degree program that all of you are doing. How many courses you'll do there? I don't know. Maybe if you're doing a BSE, it's six into six, maybe 36 courses. Or if it's a BTEC also, if I say six courses per semester, it's about 48. So you're just equivalent to that. Okay. So there is one learner who's done 47 exams, 34 exams, 33 exams, 32 exams and so on. So you can see maximum people. Yes, 5.6 lakhs do one exam. But there are 1.4 lakhs who are doing two exams, 48,000 doing three. And if you look up to 10 exams even, right? A lot of them are doing 10 exams, eight exams with us. So maybe you should think about and plan for how you're going to study, which courses you're going to do as you are in college. And every semester try to do at least one or two NPTEL courses and finish with a certificate. That will be really nice that you can do that with your college. Okay. This is something we wanted to say. Who are these people who are doing these courses? They are employed. They are faculty members. They are students. All people like you. So it's not like these people come suddenly from somewhere or they are also special. They are so privileged. Nothing like that. They are there in all towns, in all kinds of environment. They also have their constraints. But they are also studying from these courses and doing multiple courses. Okay. This is what the certificate looks like. It has the Swyam logo and it has the NPTEL logo. Then it has your photo on the certificate. It has, as you can see the elite tag, the gold medal. We've just put it here to say, if you fall under these categories, you can see all these coming on your certificate. The institutes of IT Madras offers the course at the bottom where the institute logo and round this foot, you can see IT Madras logo there. IT Madras, the name will be put there. Signatures from our side will come and so on. So this is the way that you can see how the certificate looks. We had 20 lakh people who joined our courses in January semester. 20 lakhs who joined our July semester. And in 2021, we had 16 lakhs who joined the Jan semester. 16 lakhs who joined our July semester. So it's not 5,000. It's not 10,000. It's not one lakh like I'm seeing on the chat window here. But it is 16 lakhs who was our enrollment number last semester. Out of these exams, those who have written over the last five years, it is 15.1 lakh people have registered for exams with us. And they've gotten. So our total enrollment in NPTEL today is 1.58 crores over the last seven years from when we are running this certification project. We have finished 3,500 courses almost. And enrollment is 1.58 crores, 15 lakhs exam registration. That's the thing. So you can see how big NPTEL is. NPTEL is not something that we are doing 100, 200, 500 people or something like that. Every semester when we conduct exams in March and April, it's three lakh people who write our exams. So that's the level at which we do. We conduct exams all over the country in about 170 cities. We conduct exams outside India like we said. So this is our data. So somebody tells you, okay, I haven't heard of NPTEL. You should really tell them saying that 15 lakh people enroll every semester and three lakh people write exams. How come you're missing out? That's the answer I will give them. Okay. You can see a lot of feedback about NPTEL on our social media handles. We keep regularly posting about it. We are present on Instagram, on Facebook, on YouTube community. And you can see all the feedback that we have posted there about people who have gotten jobs, people who have gotten through the soft skill training, who have done our courses, course feedback, everything is available here. So do subscribe to our social media handles so that you can get updates from our site. Okay. I'll just give a brief on NPTEL local chapter because I don't know how many of you are faculty from different colleges who are not a local chapter with us. So NPTEL works with about 4,500 colleges today across the country. And we have coordinators in each of these colleges who are called a single point of contact or Sparks. And through them is how we are so successful. So thanks to all the local chapters, Sparks, whoever is watching this workshop today was not watching the workshop today, whoever is anywhere. They are the champions for NPTEL within the colleges without them. I don't think NPTEL would have grown so much. So thanks to all the Sparks of the local chapters. And I would like to just briefly say how you can become a local chapter if there's somebody watching who's not at a local chapter. So to become an NPTEL local chapter, there is no money involved. There is no financial dealing. We just need to send us an email saying that you want to become a local chapter. There's a Google form in the website, fill it up. And we need a coordinator in your college who will be our local champion. So the head of the institution, the director, the principal, whoever has to send an email saying that we would like to become a local chapter. And so and so will be the single point of contact for NPTEL. And that's all. Once we receive the email, we verify some details and we will make you a local chapter. So why should you become a local chapter? Can students and faculty from colleges who are not local chapters participate in NPTEL? Yes, totally. You can participate. You can be a free learner. You can learn from our courses without belonging to a local chapter. But having a local chapter in a college is a big advantage. There are logins that the single point of contact to the Sparks has. One is a login on svayam portal. One is a login on our NPTEL website. And here they get information related to enrollment, exam registration, the marks, the transcripts, the certificates. All of this is given to the Sparks directly that they can actually see and they can share with their management. Also, the other benefits are if we don't have a center in your particular city, you can request for that. If they have more than 200 people writing exams, we can facilitate centers in your particular city. Faculty can become mentors. You can follow the progress of your students in the colleges that you can do. Another important thing I will say is we have CSR support from companies who also give us money to help students from economically weaker backgrounds to write exams. So this fee waiver, we give only two local chapters. So if you're a local chapter and you have students who come from economically weak backgrounds, if they are doing NPTEL courses, writing exams, once they pass it, we will refund 30% of the fee to them based on the college's recommendation. So that is something that you can do. Also, all this data that we give to the Sparks can be directly shared with bodies such as NAC and NBF and they come for accreditation and you can say that we are showing this data inside your dashboard. That has also been very helpful for colleges is what we came to know. These are local chapters that we have. This is a state-wise distribution. I think Maharashtra is the highest followed by Tamil Nadu and of course we have these. Telangana comes in maybe fourth, seventh position with 234 local chapters currently. Every semester we also, we have some few local chapters outside of India and some countries. They're not very active, but yes, they do keep using our courses as they can. We also rate local chapters every semester based on the participation from their side in the particular semester. So how many people have become toppers? How many people have written exams? You know, done well. Based on it, we also rank and rate the college local chapters and we publish this list publicly on our website every semester. Other interactions with local chapter people, we do soft skill training like I already spoke about it. We take help of people here to go to exam centres as our representatives. Faculty can help in translation effects and yes, like I said, we rate it and we give recognition to the spark and the college also every semester. So these are certificates that we give them based on the formula that we have to the college and the spark. Yeah, these are other categories that we have on based on faculty participation, based on how local chapters improve semester after semester. There's a separate category part, science colleges also. Yeah, star LC who have been in the top 10 or top 100 over the last four years. That's something that we have done. That's it as a presentation that we had today. So I hope you learned about NPTEL about what we do here. The NPTEL office, the head office is in IIT Madras. We have our head office here about 70 people work in NPTEL office in IIT Madras. We have smaller offices in IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Roorkee, IIT Gahati Bombay, Delhi and IAC Bangalore also and we all work together to keep this project going. It's one of the most successful inter institutional project that eight institutes come together to work on this project and kind of run it without a break and to kind of offer 2,000 courses that we have today. That's what we want to say. So my suggestion and you can say, maybe I'm old enough to advise all the young students out here also is try out NPTEL courses today. Go and go to Swayam website, join a few courses, learn from it, sample the videos there. You may or may not be able to follow certain videos. You may not like certain courses. Maybe some courses are difficult. It's okay. You can drop off. It is not like a college course that once you join a course, you have to be in that course. You have to complete that course. Otherwise somebody will think something. Somebody will ask you something or maybe a paid fees that will get wasted. There is nothing like that in an NPTEL course. So you can join in five courses. You can join in 10 courses and you can try out NPTEL videos. You can see what you're interested in and then shortlist it to maybe one or two courses, follow it up, see where they are able to do assignments. Maybe it even comes down to one course in a semester, but follow it till the end, do all the assignments, watch all the videos, register for the exam, do the exam and become a talker in it. I think that's something that is very, very doable. I hope you were able to get that message as we presented in the last one and a half hours. That is what we were trying to tell you today that these courses are from IITs. I cannot do it. It would be very difficult. There are 15 lakh people who have written exams with us so far. It is not like all of them are coming out from IITs or they are all like very well accomplished. They are all coming from highly studious backgrounds. Something like that. They are also students just like you in any college. What you need is the interest to study. What you need is the motivation. You have to put out time. It is not like two days before the NPTEL exam, let me study and get a certificate. You will not get a certificate. Every week you have to watch videos. Every week you have to do the assignment. Then you can definitely get a certificate. So you need hard work and it will pay off. But it is not like I cannot do it. There is no such thing as I cannot do an NPTEL course. Anybody can do an NPTEL course. We showed you people from age 86 years doing NPTEL courses. We showed you people from all nook and corners of the country doing NPTEL courses. There is local language translation and transcripts in some courses that will help you understand the subject better. Your faculty are there to help you if you do not understand something. Your friends are there to help you if you all join a course together. Discussion forum is there. Ask questions. Ask doubts if you have something there. But try out and learn something which is outside of your college curriculum. Today when companies are looking of a recruitment one of the things they see is okay your college curriculum. Are you able to learn on your own? Are you able to study outside of college curriculum? Are you picking up any skills that are relevant for any job you might be trying for? This is something that companies do look out for. It's not just a resume saying BSE with this, VA with this. That might be one thing. But then we look at okay what else? What else? What else? That is something that all of us look out for when we are recruiting people. We are looking for job opportunities to learn what you're interested in. To try and explore new opportunities that are there. It is free. There is no fee to learn. You can download and watch the videos. You can download and do the courses. You can enroll in swim courses. Only the final exam has 1000 rupees fee. That also we are giving fee waivers if you are a local chapter so you can use that also. You have to pay first. front also. So don't let money be a barrier, don't let anything else be a barrier. Put in your time, put in your effort, learn from NPTEL, get skilled and I hope you do much much better. Till then, all the best and I hope that all of you do enroll to a course. Thank you. Thank you. It was a nice session. Now I'll continue the impact of being a local chapter of NPTEL at our institute. I'm setting the slide. We have established the local chapter of NPTEL in December 2019. From that date, this is the start with the involvement of NPTEL. Total enrollment is around 1500, 1477. Student registered for examination, 103, passed and received certificates, 32, although students have completed their assignments on time. Mentorship certificate, we have received at our center, that is 3. Faculty FDP certificate, Faculty Development Program, we have received the certificate 8. Spoke appreciation certificate, we have received 1. This semester, as far as January, April is concerned, we are doing the registration of the students at our local chapter. More than 200 students has been registered till today for the different different courses as Bharti Vidya Peet Deem to be University has adopted MOOC and we found NPTEL being local chapter is comparatively easy since I am associated with NPTEL being local chapter from last three years. So, the execution being a part of NPTEL is comparatively easy and helpful for the institution, faculty members, mentors, as well as students because students can view their performance during the course anytime. And second thing, the course is mostly discipline. So, whatever the date, date line are given, the results are published, the assignments are submitted and this is a good platform. And there are some feedback as a local chapter. We are having the feedback from faculty. We are having the feedback from students. So, one of our faculty, Dr. Savana Mehman has completed six FDP certificate, course completion certificate, as well as FDP from NPTEL local chapter. So, this is the feedback from the faculty. The another faculty, Dr. Deepali Gala has also completed certain courses from NPTEL and I am sharing the feedback with all the people. We are having the practice to provide the course with mentorship to the students. So, there are certain feedback from students. They have completed the course like Python for Data Science for the course. They found the course are easy, understandable, the materials provided, the content provided by the subject experts are really helpful for them. The courses build the confidence inside the students. They are adopting the area of the subject, whatever knowledge they have gain. They are ready to prepare for interview on the basis of the outcome of that course that is the learning from that material provided by NPTEL. So, we found being a part of NPTEL, the implementation of MOOC as the motive of the swim is education anywhere at very low cost. You can say that no cost for every student. I feel very proud to be a part of NPTEL as a local chapter. So, thank you. Thank you very much. Now, moving forward, this is the question, answer round session. People will have certain queries regarding establishment of local chapter although Bharti Madan had covered very details about how to establish a local chapter. It is very simple process to establish a local chapter. Once the local chapter is established, the spoke can observe the progress as a local chapter on the dashboard. Now, I open the house for the question, answer session. Faculty members, the authority of the various institutes who are interested to establish the local chapter, they can raise the question. Then faculty members, if they are having the question, they can ask students if you are having any question, you can clear your doubts during the question and answer session. Hello, sir. I think there is no queries in the YouTube chat. One of the faculty has messaged. See, we are finding the courses on NPTEL is very good. But the NPTEL courses are targeted to postgraduate undergraduate diploma courses. Faculty members who have started their career, they have performed the PhD degree, they are enrolling the PhD degree. So, some of the faculty members had asked or you can say, suggest that if NPTEL can prepare or provide a domain on pre-PSD course work related to somehow research methodology and all, it will be helpful for the new starting teachers. As a faculty member. I think there are no more queries, sir. You can continue with our vote of thanks. Audience, if you have any query, you can write or we can start with the vote of thanks. Observing on YouTube, live chat, there is no question there. So, now I'll call Professor Vairba Desai, madam to give vote of thanks. Good morning all. It's my privilege to propose vote of thanks for this NPTEL session. It was really worth for all of us along with the students to attend the session. NPTEL is now become a need of an hour. As per the guidelines of AICT and UGC, all the students, all the faculty members, they have to undergo a course like MOOC and that too offered through NPTEL. So, once again, we are proud to have a NPTEL spoke at the Institute and I start proposing the vote of thanks for the today's session. I'm privileged to propose the vote of thanks. I'm Dr. Vairba Desai, representing Bharti Vidyapur Institute of Management, Kadambari, Kulapur. I sincerely thank Bharti, madam, today's speaker for briefing us about NPTEL. I'm sure it's a true inspiration to listen about the importance of NPTEL courses from your side. I thank Ms. Kamla, madam, Ms. Pradarshani, madam and Ms. Divya, madam from NPTEL team. I would especially thank Bharti Vidyapur dignitaries, Chancellor, Dr. Shivajri Avkadam sir, Secretary, Dr. Vishwajit Kadam sir, Vice Chancellor, Dr. Vivek Saoji sir, Dr. S.F. Patil sir, Dr. Kirti Gupta madam, Dr. Sachin Velnagar sir, Dean of Faculty of Management Studies. I thank Director of the Institute, Dr. Rajesh Khande sir, HOD, Dr. K. M. Alaskar sir and Professor Nipesh Kumar Nrip sir to organize this session for all of us. Once again I thank yes and not to forget last but the least but they are the most important are the students and all the listeners for today's session, all the attendants of today's session. I once again thank all of you and with the permission of chair I declare the session is over. Thank you so much. Thank you ma'am. Thank you sir. We can wind up the session sir. Nipesh sir. Yes madam. Shall we wind up the session sir? Yes, yes, yes. We can wind up the session. Thank you team NPTEL again. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. Studiating. You can stop lying. Studiating. You can stop lying.