Okay, so let's see, I think everyone should be able to hear me, and see my screen, and I think I'm broadcasting live here, let's see, I think everyone should be able to hear me. Okay, excellent, we're all set. Alright, so sorry about that everybody, and just if you can just type yes in the questions there that you can hear me fine, and everything's good, you can see my screen, I'm sorry not in the questions in the advanced webinar, or in YouTube as well. Okay, there you are, there you are Alan, okay, excellent, alright, so yeah, let's get started guys, so alright, well welcome to the Bookmap Live Trading webinar, this is Bruce at Bookmap and we do the live analysis forward-looking analysis, not hindsight, Monday, Tuesday, Friday, 10am, and then the live trading with JTrader with stocks on Wednesday and Thursday with Scott Polsini Trading Futures. So let's go through the risk disclosures and jump right in, general disclosure, all Bookmap limited materials, information, and presentations are for educational purposes only, and should not be considered specific investment advice nor recommendations. Risk disclosure, trading futures, equities, and digital currencies involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors, past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. Alright, let's jump into this S&P and see what's going on here, we can see the 930 cash open here, and we're kind of range bound in here, move to the downside and then move back up to the upside, lots of liquidity here, just in, you know, for looking at the kind of bigger picture here, up here at 4250, a little bit below that, and then also around this 35 area here, they've been in the book since 930, also you can see some up here at 4275 on the bid down here at 4150, alright, the majority of it down there, and they came in also at 930, kind of looks like similar players, but anyway we can't speculate on that, yeah, seen some icebergs also, lots of stops being triggered as well, so anyway, some back and forth in here with the stops and icebergs, nice buying icebergs down in this area here, pretty significant, so we'll keep that in mind, and we'll look for to see if we see more buyers starting to come in to lift this up into this 4235 liquidity here, that is the primary scenario, that's what we're looking for just in this quick analysis here, we are trending up, and we're looking for this to continue, alright, but let's take a bigger step back here, look at the bigger picture of the daily, the hourly, and then the five minute here, or 15 minute, let's look at a 15 minute, alright, there we go, and we'll look at a little more bars in here for the look back on the hourly, alright, daily looks pretty good, I mean we've been in a big range here, lots of reject, we saw this a few weeks ago, lots of rejection, and we saw the move up, you can see though that we're making lower highs and lower lows, so it made a slightly higher high, it completely rejected here though as you can see on the daily, and since then we've been down in this range here, all last week, and we're opening up the week here as well, smack dab in the middle here, alright, so we have FOMC on Wednesday, it's a big one, it's the quarterly with the dots, projections, and all that kind of stuff, so we'll see what kind of order flow we have here, but not seeing much in a moment, even this daily chart or candle you can see here, not much going on right at the moment, it's kind of slightly trending up, but wicks on both sides here, looking at the hourly, also just kind of caught in the range here, you can see it kind of spiked below this swing low here on Friday, and we're right back up into the range here, and yeah, you know, this is where a lot of sellers came in, so let's see if we get a lot of buyers to try to break above that and try to reach back up into these highs up here, that would be one of the scenarios here, so yeah, looking for that, the swing is up here, we can kind of move these around a bit, I think, some of our lines here, but we served us well over the last few weeks, okay, so just kind of looking at swings and ranges in here, that's about it, just to get a feel for where traders are lined up on these higher timeframes to deal, okay, the 15 minute chart, well this is pretty nice, you can see this is what we look for in the order flow as well, look at the steep drop here, look where the move came back up to, okay, right where it dropped from here, or kind of the structure here, looking to see if we can get maybe a bit higher up into this area here, so let's move this line down, and somewhere around in here, I was going to be just kind of a range basically, and see if we can get back down in there, yeah, other than that, back down here, like you know, like we're looking at some of these lows here, so anyway, yeah, not seeing a whole lot here, just going with the order flow here as there's a move to the upside a bit here, yeah, a rollover, Alan, I'm on the M contract on the S&P, I looked at rollover earlier on the NQ, and the volumes hadn't quite rolled over yet, but you can see that the June contract here compared to the H is, the H still looks a little bit better to me, and makes sense, the volumes haven't quite rolled, they may have rolled over by now, so anyway, that's something to look for, that brings up a really good point here, that this is a challenging time to trade due to rollover, a lot of traders kind of trade lightly or don't trade at all during this period, because the players are doing different things, and that's important to recognize, that can be kind of a challenging time, and make sure that you have really really clean and clear setups of what you're looking for, because a lot of times it doesn't make much sense, the order flow looks excellent in one direction, and it does not continue, you see a lot of range bound activity, so anyway, we'll keep that in mind here, and like we said, the overall kind of picture here is this move up into higher liquidity up here at 30, and see if we can get up into 35 here, okay, so that's basically what we see, and don't see too much else at the moment here, yeah, sorry about that, Fox trading started late here, I got kind of screwed up with the hours, and some other work involved at the same time, so yeah, anyway, yeah, no excuse for it, set my, you know, the phone and everything out with computer, but my main clock I had not set back, and I thought I still had time, so anyway, all right, anyway, won't happen again, the, let's see if we get a little bit of a push here, we still finding buyers here, so still looking for them to trade up to this 30 level here, okay, we're getting some insight here, this player just came in, as you can see, which he's hedged, or he's kind of on both sides of it here, hey, both sides of the market, see this player that came in here, it's the same player, and this is a stacker algo, it's an, I can demo this kind of algo behavior here in fact, for you guys if you're interested, because we're not really seeing too much right now, okay, and I'll show you exactly what these guys are doing here, and why, so, yeah, let me know if you want to see that, I'll set that up, else, let's see if there's anyone else in here that wanted, okay, Gigi, you want to take a look at that, guys, you know, some of these traders here are in our Discord chat room, if you want to join our Discord chat room, the chat is over there, we're also, I'm also keeping an eye on the chat here in YouTube, okay, so, all right, let me just demo this, I mean, like I said, we're not going, we're not seeing too much right now, so it might be a good time to kind of explain this order flow phenomena, and why it's important too, because Bookmap is visualizing this, it's like what is going on in here, this player came in to the market, you can see when exactly, and, you know, it's got to be the same player, they're on both sides of the, you know, looking to get filled, and they're gonna stay in the order book at a certain time here, and they're not going to trail, or, you know, stay away by the, let's see how many ticks is it, it looks like about four points or so, so, you know, something like 16 ticks away, or something like that, and I'll show you why, okay, and start to understand these markets very, very differently, without Bookmap, this is what it looks like, you don't, you have no clue that that's happening here, yeah, you can see it maybe in the order book here, okay, we can even, our large lat track here is showing that this is the same player, let me show you, look at how much liquidity is here, see that white line in there, right there, okay, this little white line here is showing one player holding roughly about, let's see here, it's 228 contracts in here, so he's holding, you know, somewhere around 200, that's probably about right, and also down here, 235, and look how this is equal to that in the white line here, okay, so you can see it in the dome here, but you don't know when he came in, and look at this other behavior starting to happen in here, and once this behavior goes away, you don't know what was there before, you have no clue, all right, so here we are through our 30 level, okay, now be careful here, let's turn our keep map back on, we're gonna get a lot more information here, we're looking for that move into 30, and we're looking for 35, okay, just be careful here though, there's 35, nice strong move into 35, but like we said, this is a kind of environment right now, we want to be kind of careful here, okay, let's see if we get a mean reversion right back down to about here, 24, okay, or the first one would be down into here, 30, where we just broke out from, okay, and this might be a failed breakout, okay, typically this is actually, the order flow is telling us quite clearly in a typical environment, not during a rollover, this is a strong move, and it meets the criteria here, two criteria, okay, one is strong volume, look at the bi volume, okay, they're moving it away from this previous value area, secondly, look at the point move here, from 30 to 35, when usually what we see in the S&P is when we get a point movement with strong volume and a breakout like this, it continues, okay, so usually around two to three points, it has to go beyond that, now it can still break out with two to three points, but typically that is exactly when it can go right back into the range, when we get three to five points, especially like four to five points on a move in the S&P on strong volume, they are moving it away from a previous value area, that previous value area is right here, okay, so we're looking for this to continue in a regular market, okay, just be careful with this one right now due to rollover, that's all, all right, so scenario one played out pretty nicely, that's what we're looking for here, and scenario two would be, or scenario one now after this move here is the continuation up into 45, okay, it's just that caveat like I mentioned, this is, you know, we're still kind of rolling over here, all right, so keep that in mind, and yeah, George I'll explain the algo now, why I kind of pose the question here, if you really want to see that, it's gonna take a little bit of time, and I talked to a few traders last week, over the weekend they wanted to look at some stocks, so we don't look at the S&P all the time, it's whatever you guys want to look at, a majority of players or people out there, what do you guys want to look at, and we'll cover, you want to look at Bitcoin, you want to look at a stock, I can plug it in, you want to look at a different futures market, I've got crude oil, I've got the RTY, I've got the NASDAQ, I've got gold, I have Apple, Nvidia, Tesla, and Bitcoin here, okay, all right, so let's, let's check out this algo here, all right, and I'll show you where you can find this, this is part of your, you'll have to have bookmap global plus for this, and you can trade these if you want, you have to sign a disclaimer, and understand exactly what you're getting involved in, but we created three algos here, chase, escape, and execute, okay, so I'm gonna use chase and escape here, I'm gonna click on it, I'm gonna select it, okay, I think I have to, yeah, allow, that's fine, and I have to type in, okay, I need to write in here, accept the risks, got it, okay, and also escape, so again, this is with global plus version, and yeah, be very careful with these, I mean, you can get hurt, but they're pretty, pretty amazing, and that, you know, there's a, there's a, I come across quite a few traders that use this here, all right, so, let's go over chase, okay, what happens here with chase? Well, it's very simple, keep my limit order, and it works on limit orders, keep it at a distance of no larger than three, okay, well, we're gonna make it 16, right, we thought it was somewhere around 16, four points, all right, so that's that one, and now we're gonna go to escape, and if my limit order is within 16 price levels of the best price, and the total size of three price levels, okay, and I'm gonna price levels at my order side is less than 60%, okay, okay, I believe, I believe I go with one here, hold on, and I need to really boost this one up here, so, because I don't want to get filled right now, I'm actually trying to not get filled, I want to demo this here, all right, so let's see here, let's see how this works, all right, so open up the one-click trading, turn it on, do one, one lot here, and I'm gonna do one limit buy here, and, oh, I need to activate them, hold on, okay, enable, and enable, okay, there we go, so there it is, see, see how it's chasing there, so here's our out, our order here, our limit order, and see how it is kind of mimicking the same behavior here, okay, looks like we can go maybe a couple of ticks higher, and we'll mimic this guy here, so let's go here, and not 16, we'll go with 14, is it 14? No, maybe it's like 12, and here we'll go with 12, something like that, right, okay, and I'm gonna put a limit order up here also on the offer, right, so this is the pink, the purple line, that's our limit order, and the base here is our limit buy, see how it's mimicking exactly the behavior here of this other algo in the heat map, okay, even more so, we're kind of all over the place in here, so there you go, so this is a way to kind of keep your Q, your position in Q, and then when you want to trade, basically what you'll do is you're just gonna turn these algos off, and you're gonna stay in the order book, and then that's it, these orders are not filled, they're not filled at all, they're in the order book, okay, so there's conditions on it, and conditions are here, if price comes at a distance of 12 ticks away, you know, then move it away, or I'm sorry, chase, chase by 12, and but now, so if price goes up, this is like a kind of like a, acting like a trailing stop, but it's a trailing buy, basically, or a trailing sell, okay, so that's what it's doing, it's chasing after price, but we're using another, that in combination, we're using two algos here, we're using another algo here, and this one is called escape, so if a condition is met, where 12 ticks away, okay, then move my escape away from this area here, if there's an imbalance, it's an imbalance in the order book here, and I boosted the percentage here, so I will not get filled, I will likely not get filled, okay, it was just boosted even higher here, we might get some crazy imbalance and stay in the book and get filled, so that's the way it works here, so it's keeping itself away from the market by 12 ticks, escaping away and then chasing back, escaping away and then chasing back both sides here on the bid and on the offer. What's the purpose? The purpose is like when a certain condition is met, and that's with the escape here, there's also one more that you can use in tandem with it, and that is the execute, so when a certain condition is met, then execute, don't escape, don't chase, execute, so you're looking for some sort of order book and balance here, yes, they do get filled, absolutely, they're not in here just to play around, no, what's the advantage here? Well, they're already in the queue, so they're already like the early bird gets the worm here, they're already in the order book, now as soon as like, and you'll see stacker algos, they'll be like five deep on here, and they will chase or there will be five orders here on the bid layered and on the offer, and then at a certain point they'll just say like, okay, my condition is met, I've looked for this order book and balance and I want to trade, and then they turn that, it will not chase and escape any longer, it will execute. Okay, yeah, you want to see it execute here? Yeah, sure. Well, I mean, basically, there's a few different ways to do it, you can execute directly, or you can just turn them off, and at a certain point, they're going to just stay here. And you're basically saying, let's say on the bid here, basically, you'll be saying, you know, to the market here, like, yeah, I found my imbalance, I don't want to chase or escape any longer, but this is where I want to deal at this price level. Okay, so that's how it works. That's one way to have it work. Right, and you'll keep your position position here in the queue. All right. All right. So anyway, see how it just beautifully matches it here. So just trying to show you like what these markets are like out there, and what's going on in these markets. And, you know, this is this is a part of who we're competing with.  This is exactly why. There's other players that have algos running that are always in in front of the queue, you know, trying to stay in the front of the queue. And this is going to allow them to do that at a much better, much better rate than than us. So yeah, you know, you guys can use this to let me show you where you can find more about it. If you're interested, go to help. And we're going to go to the book map. Yeah, I guess we'll go to a portal here. Okay, or just our YouTube channel. Basically, I want to show you that.  And let's just open it up over here. So you'll scroll down here and you'll see the videos. There's a couple of videos for it. Trading strategies right here. Okay, so go watch these eight and nine. Okay, videos eight and nine. I'll show you where you can find it again. Go to our YouTube channel here. Scroll down features and components here, click on the playlist title, and then videos eight and nine down here, automatic trading strategies overview and activating book maps, trading strategies here. Okay. All right. Yeah, James is pretty cool. I'll go.  You know, how can you tell how can you say any, any different, you know, and this happens a lot during rollover. This this kind of activity, or in hedge markets. So let's just take a quick look at SPY, for example, SPY is like this almost all the time. And, you know, different instruments are used in different ways. I'll just move SPY over here. Wait for a little data in here as well. So give it a minute. Yeah.  We were developing algos for for ourselves. And then basically, to visualize our algo, HFT, you know, high frequency algos, how we're visualizing the performance, we needed a tool. And book map book map was that tool originally very rudimentary version of book map. Okay, so over time, well, we showed it to other traders and they said, wow, that's really interesting. If you made that a platform, we would we would use it. So we developed it. So you can see here SPY, you can see that behavior as well. Okay, here it is. And it's like this all the time in SPY. I don't know if Doug's in here. Doug and others are using SPY and the QQQs in tandem with their their trading of the S&P and NASDAQ futures. It's a great tool. Like for example, look at this high liquidity here in SPY.  And it's like that every day. We also know high liquidity here. This is this is a distinction, big distinction. And here they got filled. They wanted to get filled, they got filled. Right? That that is telling you something. Look at this player here, high liquidity. This is very different, right? It's a break from this kind of behavior. So that's where you can get some insight on this using SPY. All right. Yeah, good stuff. Doug's an expert at it. I don't know Doug, if you're in here, but you guys can reach out to Doug on Discord as well. And I can also show you where Doug did a video on it. Let me show you that quickly. Okay, on our YouTube page. And just scroll down here, go to ProTrader webinars. Guys, if you all last week, we had our ProTrader webinar series, it's here. Click on the link here, and you'll see we had some great, great traders, a great lineup here, Moby, and then Scott Balsini, JTrader, Tyler, with options, an options trader and how he looks at book map and uses book map. And then of course, Brent Kachuba at Spot Gamma, with his, his look and take on in their products on on options. Scroll down a little bit more here. Doug plus is right here, this video, you can click on that and watch this here. So yeah, it's excellent stuff. So he's got a unique way of using some of those gamma features and looking for advantages in the in the order flow. Okay. All right, let's jump back here. And see what happened to our algo here. Oh yeah, it's off just because yeah. All right. So yeah, anyway, you can see we haven't made a decision along with this player, he has not made a decision either. I'm going to cancel this. Alright, both of them are all of them here. And we'll, you know, we can, we can discuss this maybe another time if you're interested. Okay, interesting stuff, though, that's that's for sure. All right, let's get back into the price action. Let me go through your questions here. If anyone has any questions. No, those are the Alan, the those two videos will cover it. Okay, you can go through that. You can play around with it also in replay mode in book map. There's some videos in there on replay mode too, if you guys have any questions. Okay, you know, these are tools that we haven't covered in a long time. So I just wanted to, you know, we saw that come into the book and we're not seeing a whole lot of price action here. So I thought I'd cover it. Alright, well, here's what we were kind of looking for. It was a strong move, right? But we kind of knew that. And we're looking for scenario one is is continuation up into high liquidity up at 45 here. And we're still like, you can see the bears are starting to come in. And we're looking at our areas here. And maybe we'll get a break of the zones in here. But you know, strong volume, you know, or consolidation in here. And then the same up here, even a lot more volume. And buyers and sellers are buyers over here, sellers over here. So you know, they're we've got a battle kind of going on here. Let's see if these sellers can try to drop it lower. Okay, question to you guys, where will we look for if sellers can break the range here? Where is the first stop? Where are they going to go? What price level do you think and why? Okay, so it's a mean mean reversion tactic here that we're talking about. What do you guys think? 4240? Okay, no, no, the mean reversion play, which is starting to play out looks like they're going to go for it here. 4240, I'm sorry. Yeah, I like that. I like that idea because of the liquidity down here. But typically, the first move of breaking this range in here is the point of control of this previous area here. And what I mean by point of control is just the most traded price level. Most traded price level constitutes value. And that that level is like either here or here. So it's kind of they're kind of equal here. So it could go to either. So you know, maybe around this 25 level, which are already at. And the next level would be here 2022. Now, I like the answers in here, you know, 4220 because of the resting orders. It's the other side of the the range, though, down here. The first one is since we're still bullish in here, this is kind of the last gasp for those buyers. And that is here up at this point of control. If they if we see buying support here, which we don't right now, and we don't see it. So likely, likely scenario is still like, like you guys are pointing to I think 4220. Because I don't see buyers lined up here to support this. Okay, but the mean reversion trade is very simple. Here we're outside of the range. And then to trade it back into a responsive selling, this is auction market theory part back to an area where it previously transacted a lot. Okay, very, very simple idea. Just that this is kind of value. You know, you can use this for anything.  Well, yeah, you scoop it up.  And, you know, that would be its value. And you'd buy it, scoop it up at a discount and try to try to sell it back at value. Same idea here. Okay. And here's a value area up here where it broke down from. And we can even look at that. There's, there's trade setups here to take a look at. This is the most traded kind of level up here, looking at our profiles, around this 33 and a half area up here. Okay, so you see how we're starting to get a bounce off of 25. Okay, so, and where, where, where would we be looking for this to go? Probably just back up here to begin with. Let's just mark it up. Just up to the bottom of the range here first. Okay, tap the bottom of the range here. Okay, could even come up to the bottom of this range up here. Okay, so somewhere between 29 and 31. Somewhere around in there. Okay, so we are starting to find some buyers here. Now, they're, these buyers down in here, they weren't in the order book. And there was nothing really here in the order book. Okay, we're just going off of, you know, transactions that took place at the price level here. As you guys pointed out, the liquidity is down here, 4220. VWAP, yeah, that's something to take a look at here, as well. It could go back to a VWAP trade here. Okay, now we're below VWAP and now coming up trading into it. And for your VWAP guys, like, you know, you'd be looking to see, is this going to hold or break, break again? Okay, so it went through, usually you look for it to go through, come back, tap it and then go back down again. Okay, in this environment, you know, we might see it kind of break back up above, it might even just kind of bounce around in VWAP here for a while. Okay, so, you know, and why, why would, would we consider that not just because it's rollover period, but also because look at this, look at the volume here. This is not on strong volume on to the downside. This is strong volume on the upside here, we saw the breakout from 30 on up to 35, or the move to 30 and then 35, pretty good buy volume in there. So, Bowie, let's see your VWAP resetting is 1030 instead of 930. Yes, I'll reach out, yeah, they need to kind of switch that around with the daylight savings time. It's kind of tricky, because like it's just the US has traded or changed, others have not. We need to base that. It should be based on your computer clock. Let me, let me take a look here. Yeah, see mines at 1030 here. So let me go back to VWAP here and go to VWAP settings. Sorry, it's in here. Session start 930. Yeah, and it's at 1030 instead. Yeah, yeah, thanks, Bowie. I'll definitely forward that to the team. So yeah, you'll, you'll need to play around with it and keep an eye on it. So move it back to 830 or whatever it works here. If I've got it all kind of screwy here, let's, let's go to, yeah, 830, right? Apply session start. Yeah, so I think it did it. Hmm, hard to see. Sometimes it's kind of spot on anyway. So you don't really see much of a reset. Yeah, yeah, Bowie, with your suggestion there. That's, that's a possibility. Adding to VWAPs. Yeah, or the, well, the VWAP is based on the volume that you we have here in bookmap. So off the bat, right off the bat, you know, it's, it's not quite correct unless you had your bookmap open up from the start of the of the day of the very start of the total session. Okay, then, then you would see it correctly. The CP players trade VWAP. Yeah, yeah, so yeah, they do. But there's, there's all sorts of I like VWAP, because it's one number that everyone's looking at. Instead of moving averages of like, is it the 50 on the day of these are the 50 on that, you know, whatever. On the five minute, you know, who's looking at what VWAP is pretty straightforward. Yeah, so you can see my VWAPs down here now, at around 4215. That too is mean reversion here. Right. So then you're looking at this, this, if, and that's the one you're following, like, looks like this 4220, you guys are, you know, we're looking for a move to the other side of the range now. Okay, we're breaking down through this point of control, which we talked about. This is the last gasp and look at the volume here. I like it. So we're looking for continuation to 20. We're already at 20, but I'm still looking for further here. Let's see if they can get down to bottom of the range, the swing. Okay. And also your VWAP there, Bowie. So this is a nice little area right here, right where VWAP is, in fact, if there's a swing here, and this is where it broke out from here to the upside and all of this consolidations within this area. Look at the volume here. See how they're moving it away again, from that area. Okay, this this point of control area here. That's what we're looking for. And we want to see that. So I like that idea, back down to 4215 here. Emerson, I mean, I see a chopper on VWAP all the time. Fill in areas here like, you know, low volume nodes in here get filled in they auction in, etc. Yeah, I mean, it's no one has made a decision off of VWAP. Yeah. Oh, yeah, it'd be great if it was all day long, just like, you know, trade VWAP and make it easy like that. A lot of times, you'll see VWAP and point of control at the same area. And it just chops around all day within that area. It makes sense, because that's where value is. That's the the market seems to be pretty content with that price, that price level. Alright, alright, guys, let's see, we got leg one here on this move down away from our point of control looking for leg two now. And that is the primary scenario here looking for the break here and sellers to hit it back down into somewhere around here. I don't see much liquidity down here. It's more it's more down here around 10. So primary scenario, some buyers starting to come in at the moment. I also like this is where we kind of just broke down from. So and that was our 20 level and that liquidity, I'm sorry, it's 21 or 22 up here. Okay, so looking for a potential pullback to here. Right here. Okay, but still looking for continuation to the downside. Okay, seller the selling is nice in here is pretty strong. Okay, so it's still going with primary scenario. That's to the downside here. Here's our pullback right now. Okay, now in this area here, we're going to look for see this buying coming in here. Okay, and even a bit more coming in here. Okay, we're looking for sellers to break it down below this little level right here. Okay, we're looking for big sellers right here right now. And we're looking for them to come in and sweep the order book down to VWAP here. Okay, this would be trapped volume in here and we'll likely see a nice stop run to the downside. Okay, so we have strong move pullback and we're looking for leg to strong move. Okay, starting to play out. Let's see it. Let's see it sellers. You got to come in with a lot of selling in here. That's not enough. That is not enough right there. It's all it's done is come back down to the bottom of the range here. Okay, here we go. Let's see if we get more sellers here. We did not get we got very very few sellers here. We're looking for big big red dot here for the and to drive price into like 15 down here. Buyers are still fighting it. They're still fighting it. Okay, don't see the setup yet. Alright guys, I'll get to your questions here in a minute. Just not really seeing too much. We're looking for it. We're just not getting it. Okay, our primary scenario here. We're down below this little area here, but I just don't see the selling in here to justify it. Alright, here, let's see if we get it here. Okay, looking for them. Here we go. Come on sellers. Let's see it. Okay, now this is not a trade recommendation, but this is a setup here. Okay, we'd be looking for sellers in here. Go with the order flow and they should be able to move it back down to the bottom of the range here. You can see it has not set up yet. Okay, this might do the trick now. We get some buyers here. Now, let's see our sellers come in. There they go. Yeah, this is the setup. I wouldn't, you know, personally, I don't really like it here. I'm still looking for it to do that, but I don't like it. I would avoid it. I don't see the selling in here that I like. This is not convincing here. I'm looking for sellers to be convinced to move it away from this area here. And that that scenario is not unfolding. In fact, you can see the buying coming in. They're really fighting it here. Right? So, you know, staying away from an order flow is telling us something here. We're looking for this to unfold and it just hasn't. Here we go again. Now, sellers should be able to pick this up here and drop it into 15. They've got these guys on the ropes here and we should see a stop run if they can get down here. Okay, this looks better. Looks much better. All right, sellers, here we go on this rotation. We should see them come in and they should be able to drop it into this kind of 15 area here. Again, I don't like it. I mean, it's just not convincing here. It's likely to happen. I just I'd shy away from this. The setup is not clean. Okay, the order flow in here is not clean. All right, so, you know, still may do it. That's the primary scenario here. It just doesn't look at high probability here. Okay, the order flow is telling us that this looks better.  So it's like, wow, okay, so now I only want to get like two points out of this. No, it's not it's not even worth it. And just look for something better. All right, so I know we all want to trade in here and we have, we want to hit the button here. And we're still sticking with that primary scenario here. But I just don't like it. Don't write don't like the read in here. So that's that. The order flow is also kind of strange in here. Like, this is good when you see like some liquidity here on the on the offer kind of pressing, right kind of trying to push it away here. Here they are again. Now we're getting the selling we want. But look where we are. At 16, we're looking for the move to 15. It's ridiculous. Yeah, so the order book didn't tell us too much a little bit in here a little bit in here helped. The the volume really never, you know, helped us too much. This didn't look so convincing. This looks much better. And then it just got wishy washy in here yet again. And then finally it looks good down here. And like, you know, we're already there, though. So anyway, yeah, so staying away from trades is and kind of saving your ammo for something cleaner and better here. So here, finally, we're getting the move to VWAP here. So there you go. There you go, Bowie. There's another high volume node down here to take a look at. Now we're going to line that up, though, with what's going on over here. Look at the strong buying that came in here. Now this is kind of middle of the range. This is why when we started this webinar, God, I don't know when we started this. It was somewhere around in here, I believe. And we were looking for 30 and then and then 35. But you can see how this buy volume came in here. And, you know, charge right up to the swing. And then it broke out on strong volume. So this is kind of where it started down here. And that's why that we can see liquidity down here at 10. So let's see if these sellers can continue trade through VWAP here on strong volume back down to 10. It makes sense. And that would be also, you know, back down into this high volume area down in here. Selling looks good. Right. And then here we got our buyers coming in. Selling looks good in here. But yeah, these now these sellers can get upended to. And this is when we start to look at the ranges in here. And understand the order flow at these at the range. This is part two of our educational course. Part one talks about market mechanics. And part two talks about market structure. It's all the same really. It's just market mechanics transforms into bigger structure. And that bigger structure might be, you know, a couple of minutes, it could be a couple months, it could be on a monthly chart. It is the same ideas. Let's jump back to our higher timeframes here and take a look. Okay, we had drawn our line up here in the 15 minute. You can even see some of the structure in here. This is not a bad place to bounce around right around here at 2223. And then 10 was, I'm sorry, why is this wrong? 20. Oh, because this is that. Yeah, okay, I'm on the wrong wrong, the wrong contract here. Alright, I'll have to update that. Alright, well, here we got our bounce off a VWAP. Okay, and look at sellers come right back in, slightly broke the structure this swing here. We just not seeing much today, guys. So that's that. Yeah, Justin, I mean, the ES has rolled over the volume has rolled over. It's like we kind of started off these these times during rollover are tricky. A lot of traders will not trade rollover. Sometimes the order flow looks just beautiful, and it doesn't work out. And, you know, there's higher probability of it not working out during rollover period. Put it that way. Even this moved to the downside, like we were looking for it, but boy, it just wasn't convincing in our areas. Just eroded our reward to risk ratio here. All right, let's see here more questions. Sorry, guys, I've been trying to I'm trying to read two chats here. POC, I don't have it on the chart right now. I can I can add it here from the SVP column, go to config, show POC, and it's this this line up here at 25. Okay, so yeah, that is the POC here, right? And let's go back to our discord chat and see what's going on here. Oh, God, a new COVID variant announced. Really? Someone paid $500,000 for Tom Brady's last touchdown ball. Yeah. Yeah, that's that is missing out on an auction. Well, that's, yeah, I wonder if Brady could could I wonder if he'll be a gentleman on that one. He's pretty good about that kind of stuff. Tom, let's see, how do you reset to specific time? So the, yeah, I need to to the reset.  Okay, and you can configure it here to whatever time zone you want. All right, so yeah, you just kind of, you know, go through here and pick which one you want by default is by your computer clock. Okay, so it should should match up. Okay, guys, nice move through point of control here. I mean, sorry, VWAP. Okay, looks pretty decisive to me. You know, some some pretty heavy selling here. It's a stop run though. So even this in here, like it's decisive. Okay, but look at the point move in here. 14 down to 12. That's two points. And it's a stop run. Okay, primary scenario is looking for 10. Still looking for 10. We talked about it. This is what we're looking for. However, I still, I just don't like it. This is not high probability. You can get buyers right back up above 14 here. And this this is kind of like, in essence, this is like kind of empty volume in essence. Why? Because a lot of them are stops in here. It's not new selling coming in moving the market. Now they are starting to and there's 10. Our 10 is just just transacting there. Some stop runs there too. Hey, but if we can get buyers back up above 14, then look out, you know, they should be able to bring it right back into, well, high volume nodes 16, other side of ranges, hit stops on the other sides, etc. Okay, back to point of control up here at 25. Let's see here. So yeah, your your your resets Tom in here, like, well, I can point you to the videos, but like, if you go to configure in, you know, yeah, there's no there's no resets in here.  There's many different kind of resets in here. You can reset now, you can clear your resets, you can double click and have it reset, or even single click and have it reset in here. Or there's these resets here if you go to reset configuration, you can schedule different resets in here at specific times. Okay, so right now, yeah, you can set a session start at 830, for example, and hit apply and it should reset all the volumes from then. Okay, you can, if you click this here, you can do session start, you can do it reset at every five minutes or at a specific time. Conditional reset is an interesting one, it was requested. So what we offered here on the conditional reset was looking for price to go below a price level for more than two and a half seconds, or 2,500 milliseconds, and if it did, then reset. If it doesn't, then, and it comes back in the range, do not reset. And that's what the conditional reset is here. How to get the point of control again, yeah, you have to open up a column that right click in the columns here. You'll have to go with a volume column, trades counter, or quotes counter type. Okay, once you selected one of those, click in again and then change it to the volume, or trades counter, quotes counter, to session accumulated. Okay, then you'll have to right click one more time in here, and then go to configure, and then you're going to see the button here or the check box, show POC. Okay, let's see, I'm so bad regarding the bracketed algo. Is there any information we can draw from when someone turns it on all of a sudden? Yeah, you'll see them. You'll see them stay in the book here, right here. Here's, well, this, maybe not an example. Maybe in here, I mean, you can see like, yeah, it could be these guys staying in the book in here. And then they're staying in here, and then they're transacting. Okay, so right in here. It's kind of hard to say. This player is kind of staying in and out here, and then does get filled kind of at the same area. Okay, so this guy here also looks like he just kind of stayed through it. But you'll see it. Anyway, it gets to the point here, I think, that look for these areas of high liquidity in here that stay in the order book. Okay, and transact. That's going to, if something tells you the most from the heat map, that is going to tell you the most. Okay, is the transactions of that liquidity. Okay, because now that's, they've got filled. So that's good information. Okay, very high liquidity getting filled in there. That's excellent information. Okay, all these other games of like pulling, adding, etc. Yes, it helps us. We read the order flow in here. The way that we use that is to see like, what is the reaction to high liquidity? Okay, so we'll see if someone comes in the order book here, and you know, excuse it. Like here, this guy, see this guy is not that algo. See this guy right here? What's the reaction to it? Well, we found a few buyers, but they didn't really repel the sellers here. The sellers are back in. So we're not getting much information out of this, out of this market right now. Okay, we want to see if, if who's attracted to that liquidity here. They're saying, I want to be a buyer. Okay, now sellers actually took them on. Okay, so sellers are now, you know, we got a little more information now that sellers took them on, and they're still selling. Okay, so you know, now that kind of opens the door for, okay, what are we looking for? All right, 4,200. You know, the figure down here, this liquidity down here. Okay, just by order flow in here, just by order flow. Okay, we, we, we want to look at the higher time frames though, and start to understand what's going on. Okay, well, 4,200. This makes, this makes sense down here. See them in the order book. Okay, they were in here previously, they're in here again now. It's the figure as well. Okay, we were looking to see if we got to bounce maybe around this 4,210, because that's where these buyers came in here, as you can see. You can see that, that is certainly not it. Right, they're going 4,400. Yeah, and as we said that, here comes another, another move to the downside here. The factor is looking for high probability is like, well, I thought the highest part, there's our move into 4,200 guys, and on pretty strong volume, so still looking to see them kind of try to dip further below. This was higher probability in my, you know, by reading the order flow in here. Okay, this move on up to, I think, 30 and 35. Okay, I'm gonna, I'll clean the chart here, so we can take a look here. All right, but we, you know, we saw that, first off, we had our higher time frame analysis, and we saw what, that we're in this big range in here, and high liquidity up at these areas here, and we found buyers interested in here. Look at, look at them interested in here, you know, starting to come in. Okay, so around this point in here, it's like, yeah, there's buy volume up here at this little swing at 27. Where's the liquidity? It's 30. What's the reaction after that traded here? Wow, more buyers coming in, 30, we're looking for 35. Okay, sticking with that primary scenario, after this, we're looking for potentially 45 now, as well. It's pretty strong move. We talked about it. We talked about the point move and the size of the volume, and we know they're moving it away from these areas. It's how the market works. And now, we also talked about, like, it being other conditions here about rollover, as well as, you know, FOMC on Wednesday, and be careful, be careful for this. You know, even a move up into 30 here, be careful, look for a retest back down here, and a move back down to the other side of the range. Okay, open to that scenario. Once we saw these buyers come back in, they're going to go for this liquidity here at 35. Okay, that makes sense? So, really kind of reading the reaction, the context of the buyers and sellers in the auction here, and they, you know, they were moving it, and they wanted to move it, and they did. Okay, so let's see, let's go back to YouTube. Yeah, Justin, yeah, I think that's not a bad idea.  Let's go back to our higher time frame levels here. Okay, so, you know, you can even see it on the hourly chart. There are a few wicks in there, and we're looking for a little bit higher. I thought we'd probably get up here around maybe 50 or or so, and the wick up here, we didn't. We came up to where it kind of dropped from here. You can see, you know, move up, it failed, sellers come in, and here we are down to this level here, where there's some buying wicks down here, and a huge rejection wick here. Okay, so, yeah, well let's see if sellers can take it a little further down. I'm sorry guys, this is off. This is, we're still looking at the wrong higher time frame contract here. I need to switch it over. Okay, but, you know, somewhere down into where these areas are down here is what I can refer to, and that would be somewhere down in here. Okay, so around this kind of 85 on up to about here, maybe 95 or so. Okay, yeah, this is pretty, you know, you can see it reject out of there. Here come the buyers here, and then more up here. Yeah, so strength of volume, we'll end it up here, guys, and hand it over to Tom, Tom B. He'll be, for you YouTubers, Tom B is in, he'll be YouTubing here pretty soon. He is over in the discord chat room at the moment. Okay, we'll have Tom over in YouTube shortly. Okay, so what, and he'll get started here in just a few minutes. It's excellent stuff, highly recommended you guys. You know, Tom goes over a lot of, a lot of really great stuff in there, and he's in there, well, you know, like four, four and a half hours. Tom, I don't know how you do it, but, yeah, Tom trades volume profile, and you guys can learn a lot from him. He's got a lot of experience. Yeah, Tom is a machine, absolutely two spoons. Let's see, Alan, the strength on the volume in a high liquidity level. Yeah, I mean, so it's context, it's always the context of these three things in bookmap. Number one is the price structure, which is really, really, really helpful, and insightful. You have to understand price structure. This is why our education starts off very simply with understanding basic market mechanics, and because that's what moves the market, and then we extrapolate that to exactly this here. Look, sellers moving the market here, right? Now, you know, buyers moving the market over here, okay, and in here. That is no different than if we zoom in here and look at this little area and microstructure and basic market mechanics. Let's just go over the basics here, okay? Well, sellers here, I don't see buyers up here. All right, so sellers ought to hit into 95. Okay, now there's more sellers. They should be able to take it a little bit lower here, maybe 93 and a half. I don't see buyers here, right? They're making a new structure. This is sideways consolidation. This is another one. Let's see. Do we get buyers sellers down here? A little bit of both. Okay, we need to get sellers down here. Okay, then we'll trade into 95.5 and 93. Okay, now, what if we get the scenario of buyers back up into this area where it exhausted out? See all these little wicks up here? This is just best offer. There's no one buying here. What if we get buyers up here at 95.5 or 90, there they are. All right, so they ought to carry it on up to here. 97, 97.5. Top of the range or point of control of this area. This is no different. We're just going through it at lightning speed here. This is no different. Reading this, understanding this, is no different than reading this consolidation and this breakout. Okay, let's zoom back in here. Okay, let's understand it also. It's just not structure and volume. It's liquidity as well. Right, this liquidity got filled here. Okay, we went a little bit lower here. Where is the liquidity on the offer? Where might these buyers start to target? Well, I mean, this algo here is not a target. We're looking for something more. Maybe someone up in here, this kind of 02 or 01 area here. Okay, or maybe sellers rotate in and go for this 90 liquidity down here, 4190. Okay, it makes sense. Guys, I mean, we go through this every day and this is exactly what we're reading. We're extrapolating. Go back and watch our educational course. Okay, this is exactly what we're talking about. This is what moves the market. Right here, sellers are moving the market. Okay, what is the relationship, the context in this structure of buyers and sellers? Okay, we noted there weren't buyers in here. I don't remember exactly where we were. We still didn't get buyers up here. Great. Okay, more sellers here. They should be able to break it. Okay, and then we're looking for, yeah, are they going to be able to take it down further? No, we're starting to get buyers. What if we get buyers up here and then all of a sudden shot up here and then we got them. All right, great. High volume note is probably here. Went right to it and it went above it. There's still more buying pressure in here. Okay, so we get continuation here. More buying. See the buying up here? At higher levels in here. Okay, there's a little bit of selling down here. The buyers come in again here. Looking for this high. Here we got our liquidity in here. They're staying in the order book here. Looking for this to transact. Okay, so now we have the context of three things here. And they're all important. It's what makes up the market. Number one is the best bid and offer creating a structure here. Number two is the volume within that structure gives us a tremendous amount of insight. Like in this structure here, we have a bias to the downside. Okay, look at the buyers up here, none. Okay, in the middle here, well, that doesn't really count as kind of value area for a very short time frame. In this area here though, you start to see the sellers come in. Great, boom. They should be able to drop it. They did. Okay, and then we went through the scenario of where they might be upended. Okay, so we're talking about volume and structure. Now, if we also bring in the order book, volume and structure and supply and demand, where are they? Where do they want to trade? Okay, and then in here, well, this is where they want to trade. This is where those buyers can meet sellers. Okay, this completes the transaction. You need buyers and sellers. All right, so anyway, guys, we can go over that education all day long, all day long. We used to kind of that more micro time seconds like that, but we want to zoom out and get a kind of, it's the same ideas on higher time frames here. That's it. So now we have that understanding. Okay, so this drop here and this move back to it, well, scenario is, okay, well, what if we get buyers back up above this area here? Well, they're going to move it back up and likely back up into some of these previous areas where sellers dropped it or where there's liquidity or if you're a VWAP trader, you know, high volume nodes, whatever kind of trader you are. This is nice here. This is where you can use book map to your advantage and get an edge. Your volume, high volume nodes up here, there's liquidity here at 40 to 10. They're already lined up. Max or mix and match these together. That's when you really have an edge. Okay, develop an edge in here. All right, guys, I got to go. Thanks for coming everybody. If you liked it, please click like in our YouTube channel and subscribe. We do these webinars daily, every day of the week here at 10 o'clock east coast time. And yeah, happy to do them for you and answer your questions. Thanks for coming everybody.


Hi, everyone. So I'm from the Gulf Tech Singapore. Our mission is to engineer digital government and make lives better. So today I'll be sharing an open attestation. This is an open source document endorsement and verification framework using the blockchain. So I know I'm the only thing standing in between you and probably your post conference drinks or dinner. So I'm just going to get straight into the meat of it. I'll just say that I think in the public consciousness and we hear about the term blockchain, most people think about cryptocurrency and we've definitely heard a very fascinating presentation earlier on Bitcoin Ordinals. I'll just say that for open attestation, what we are interested in is how the key attributes of blockchain can be applied to document endorsement and verification. At the same time, there are limitations of the technology, but we think that the way that we are designing open attestation can help us to either get around this or to basically make it less of an issue, I think, for how we are using blockchain for open attestation. So I'm just going to get into how it works. So for open attestation, what this is is an open source framework to endorse and to verify documents. We have two key components. The first, we look at verifiable documents. So these are temporary evidence documents that could graphically prove the authenticity, the source of the document. So you can think of credentials like academic qualifications, proof of identity, proof of employment, etc. We also look at transferable records similar to verifiable documents, but these are documents that can have an owner. Usually such documents confer ownership of assets. So we are looking at documents like title deeds or a bill of lading. What I think is interesting about open attestation, it allows for decentralized issuance of credentials. And I think we really do believe in the power of open source software. And that's why all of our code is open source. So the verification can of course be distributed. Anyone can set up a verifier based on our technology. But depending on the use case, we can also centralize the verification process in terms of directing people to a particular verifier. And that's just for perhaps a better user experience or for certain government use cases, just for better public comms in terms of how to use the documents. So earlier I mentioned that a double-edged sword or like one of the, I guess, points of blockchains that the data stored is public, right? So you may be thinking, hey, you know, some of these credentials are confidential, it may be personal. So should we really be putting that on a blockchain? So what we are doing in open access in open attestation is to design in a way that upholds data privacy because we're only publishing a document hash on the blockchain, but not the data itself. So I'm going to get into basically how we are doing the verification. And this is essentially premised on three critical steps. So when we look at the verification tech, which is the core of open attestation, we are trying to provide three critical steps. The first one is to verify that the document has not been tampered with and that it has been issued by the issuer. We want to verify that the document has not been revoked. And we also want to confirm the identity of the issuer. So how does this work? When we issue an open attestation document, we first take the raw document in JSON format and we put it through a process that we call wrapping. So the end product of this wrapping process is a unique hash that represents the document. And of course, if the document is tampered with, then it will not be possible to derive the same hash and we can prove that it has been tampered with. So the flow is pretty simple. For each property, we salt to prevent rainbow table attacks. We then flatten and encode the properties as a string. Each view is hashed with the value and salt. And then we store all the output hashes in an array. Finally, we hash the array of hashes to produce a target hash. So I think to put it simply, it would be a hash of hashes. What this allows us to do is also to perform selective reduction on the document. So if we want to, say, redact a particular field of the credential, for example, it's not necessary to disclose this, right? And people would naturally want to minimize what they are sharing. Then it's possible to redact the particular document property by removing it from your credential and storing the hash under a different field that we call obfuscated data. However, this still does not invalidate the target hash because it doesn't invalid the target hash of the document because we are computing the target hash out of all using all of the hashes that have been stored in the open attestation document, including those that were moved to obfuscated data. So after performing the wrapping process, this is an example of how it will look like. So as you can see, the document properties have been sorted and we now have a target hash that represents our document. Okay, so now we have found a way to wrap the document. Next, we need to verify that the document was issued by the issuer. We have two ways of doing that. So the first one would be via a smart contract. The issuer basically deploys a smart contract that acts as what we call a document store. This keeps a record of the issued documents, the issued hashes of the documents. But I do know that this involves an on-chain transaction and does consume gas, but we'll come back to this later. So this allows anyone to check if a hash which represents a document has been issued. And then when we are doing the, during the verification process, what we are doing is to first check that the target hash of the document is in the document store's list of issued hashes and we are also checking that it has not been revoked, that it is not in the list of revoked hashes. So I would say this was probably the first iteration or the first version of open attestation. Another newer method that we developed would be to use decentralized identifiers to issue documents. And currently we're using DID Ethereum. So when we, after signing the open attestation document, basically it would contain the issuer's DID and the signed target hash. Then when we are doing the verification process, what we do is to compare the Ethereum address from the DID document with the address that is returned by verification. If it matches, we know that the signature is valid, the document has been issued, and that it has not been tampered with. Okay, so earlier I did mention that issuance does consume gas, and this can potentially be an issue for users if you're issuing documents one by one and you have many documents to issue. So what we also developed is to allow issuers to batch transactions using Merkle trees. So each document target hash is a leaf in the Merkle tree, and we compute the Merkle root, which is then stored in the open attestation document along with the proofs needed to ensure that this document is part of this Merkle tree. Of course, for a single document that doesn't need to be batched, then the target hash and the Merkle root are the same. All right, the final, the final area that we, the final area of our step of verification would be on the issuer identity. This is an, I guess it's still an area that we are still working on and developing. Currently, we leverage on the domain name system. We use the DNS text records to publish the document store address or the DID. And then this is then checked against so that we know that the credential is issued by the entity that controls this domain. Okay, so now I'm going to get into the perhaps more exciting part of my presentation, which is to talk about the products that are currently powered by open attestation. And this is by no means an exhaustive list. And we are always looking out for more ways that the open attestation can be applied. And so that's partially why we are here today at FOSS, at FOSS Asia. Really interested to hear if there's any ideas for how this technology could be applied. So the first one I will talk about is called open, open certs. Basically, it started as a proof of concept to improve productivity. Basically, schools were spending a lot of time and effort on verification of the certificates. So you would have people, maybe employers who want to confirm that the graduates paper certificates were legitimate. So they might say call the school and ask the school to check and verify. Schools were also spending time on replacement of lost certificates. So this was consuming I think up to at least seven men months in a year. So with open attestation, which powers open certs, so graduates from Singapore institutes of higher learning can receive their degrees or certs in the form of an open attestation document. And then these can be easily verified by employers on the open certs.io verifier. Yeah, I'm not sure if we are able to open the link here or when I'm able to switch out to a browser. Oh, okay. Fantastic. So this is the open certs verifier. So if you look at the demo, this is how the user would go through it. You can just easily drag and drop your cert into the verifier. This will load up our decentralized renderer. It will render the cert, for example, we have this demo. And there can be multiple views of the same open attestation document. Another thing is, earlier I mentioned that we allow for selective redaction of credentials. So for example, we are able to say redact certain info that's not required. So for example, if you're only focusing on the CS on the CS courses and the grades, you can redact let me grab this. So you can redact the details and download the file. But it will still remain verifiable. And then you're able to download it. And if I try to verify it again, maybe a bit, oh, down. So if we verify it again, you can see that the redacted fields have now been removed. But we also do mention that it has been redacted, just not what was redacted. And earlier when we were going through the verification steps, this is how we would provide the assurance to verifiers in terms of it has not been tampered with, it's not been revoked, and it is issued by, say, this particular entity in this case, Gavtech. So that's one of the, I think, first use cases of open attestation. The next one is a bit more recent. So if I'm just going to toggle back to, sorry. So this is probably a bit more recent. So during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was really important to be able to prove that, you know, vaccine certs and test results were legitimate. So to eliminate the existence of fake COVID-19 test results, and also to support the opening of borders and resumption of life as normal. So given the decentralized nature of the assurance and the need for a way to attest to the documents in a cross-border way, so open attestation was adopted as a solution. And this powers the health certs that basically Singaporeans use to prove that they have been vaccinated, for example, or that they have passed like their pre-departure COVID tests. So users could go to this notarized platform to apply for notarized health cert for travel, and then cross-border immigration authorities could easily scan the QR code of a health cert to verify it. So I'm sharing this example because I think it also shows the strength of the free and open source movement. Because OA was open source, because it had been used for other applications, there were providers out there that were able to help perhaps less tech-savvy medical clinics to onboard the health cert solution, and for them to quickly issue vaccine certs in the open attestation format. So we were able to adopt this solution quite quickly, and I guess in a scalable way. And the last use case that I'm excited to share about is called Trade Trust. I'm the product manager for Trade Trust. We are basically looking to accelerate the transformation from paper-based trade documents to digital documents. When we look at the current state of cross-border trade today, it's largely paper-based. One shipment can involve many parties across different sectors, many exchanges of information, many siloed systems, and this is very inefficient and costly. At the same time, when you have manual handling, it can be vulnerable to fraud. I can take the same document and use it to take out two different loans from two different banks who are an underweiser. So Trade Trust is a framework to accelerate this transformation, and we look at it in two ways. So for trade, we have verifiable documents, so these are perhaps things like an invoice or a certificate of origin that tells me, okay, this shipment comes from this country is eligible for certain preferential tariffs, for example. The second is to find a way to allow electronic bills of lading to be transferred between parties along the supply chain. So a bit of background, what is a bill of lading? In trade financing and international trade, the bill of lading acts as a receipt of goods, and anyone in possession of this bill of lading can claim the goods at the destination port. So for example, in this case, if I'm trying to sell something to someone in a different country, I might enlist a carrier or a ship to help me transport it to them. The carrier will issue me a bill of lading. I will then courier this bill of lading to the buyer, and the buyer can produce this bill of lading at the destination port to claim the shipment. So this is really a very simplified version of how this flow works in international trade and trade financing, but sometimes it's not as smooth, because you can imagine sometimes a bill of lading will go through multiple parties who are financing this trade. So it's even possible that by the time the cargo arrives at the destination port, the bill of lading is still being couriered around the world, and the cargo is just sitting in a port waiting to be released. So I think that's where we see a lot of potential for electronic bills of lading, because the transactions can be conducted on a chain, it can be really fast and instant. So what we do in trade or in trade trust is that we represent the bill of lading as a non-fungible token. We bind the NFT to what we call a title as scroll smart contract, which then controls changes to the ownership of the token, as well as who is allowed to change the ownership status of the token. And this setup mimics the current process for paper-based documents in terms of who is allowed to change the holder and the owner of the bill of lading. So I hope I've given a brief overview of how open attestation works. What are some of the use cases that we've applied it to currently? And here's how you can get started with open attestation. You can learn more about our framework over here. And please come to our GitHub and explore our code. Feel free to open issues with us and talk to us. And I'm really happy to take questions and to figure out what other use cases we can have for this technology. Thanks, everyone. Thank you very much, Kani. Thank you. Thank you. Great, great project here. I love it. Question on the bill of lading example we just gave. So the bill itself is issued as an NFT and it's verified using the open attestation smart contracts, right? So two contracts involved in this use case. It's not verified with the open attestation smart contract, but it is verified with the open attestation signature and proof method. So I guess it uses the same cryptography that takes the document and digests it into a target hash. And then we're using the NFT to deal with the transactions. And regarding use cases you mentioned, which chain are they using? Which EVM chain? Are any of them actually using Ethereum as that's quite costly? I'm just wondering if any of them have adopted a side chain or L2? Yeah. So for our users, they're using Ethereum as well as Polygon. Roland, I had a question on the rationale for the use of a blockchain in the first place. Given that, at least for the examples you gave, the person relying on the credential, the employer or whatever it is who's trying to evaluate the credential, is relying on both the signer having a working verification function. If there's no working verification function then there's no way to know whether fraudulent certificates have been issued and not cancelled. So the organization has to exist, it has a working verification function. And further, that you're using the DNS to deliver the authenticator, the public key that's used to validate the signature, that's a real-time service dependency. So technical service has to be working in real-time. I'm wondering what value they're using a blockchain at all versus a more conventional web service because there must be an organization, it must be responsible, and it must have real-time services available otherwise your mechanism won't work. So what have you gained by using a blockchain at all? Going through your first question was on there being a way for the issuer, the signer, to hash the document, right? And this should be... Well, let me sort of make the counterpoint. If you rely upon the organization having the ability to revoke, then I would suggest that a blockchain is useless. If you're relying on the organization presenting a service that's available to you in real-time, then a blockchain is useless. Blockchains are only useful, I would suggest, if both of those things are false. In this case, both of them are true. Why would I use a blockchain? Why would I just ask your web server to tell me that this certificate is a risen valid? A few things. I think when it came to this situation of, for example, if you're looking at academic certifications, I think what ended up being the case was that verifiers would want to go to, say, the Ministry of Education and ask them to verify, for example, these documents. And that was assessed to take quite a lot of manpower, a lot of efforts. So the idea of this was, is there a way to... I understand why, sorry, we should probably take this offline. I understand why take away the human process. I'm asking why use a blockchain. It seems to me it would be simpler and more reliable to use a web service. It's DNS. You've got a real-time service. If it's down, you're out. And I think we acknowledged that. I think DNS is probably not the best way to look at the issuance and... Any more questions? Yeah. One more from Harish up there.  So thank you. This guy. Next guy, sit down there. I got a question about how do you, when you have the assert issued by an institution, what if the institution merges with something else? How do you ensure that these things are sustainable 100 years from today? What is the mechanism for something like that? Including the DNS portion, right? There's a lot of dependency that requires that this entity exists, that there's a way for me. Where it's a piece of paper, it's a piece of paper. I can fake it, but yeah, it's still a piece of paper. So I hear this is something which I've been struggling with trying to find out, how does this even make sense from a sustainability perspective? Thanks. So I would say that in the situation where maybe the institution merges, or maybe they moved to a different domain, I mean the document store, so the smart contract on the blockchain would remain, and it might just be a method of linking that document store to the new domain, for example. So that's, I think, maybe one way to address that. Yeah, also I suppose if, for example, you have institutions merging, I don't think that would invalidate the, or it should not invalidate any certificates that were issued by the old entity, and operationally they may not want to re-issue the search under the new name because it was issued at a time when that institution was a different entity. So I guess with the immutability of the blockchain, that's one way to ensure that even after the entity has maybe closed down or moved on, the records would still be there, although admittedly you need to find a different way of tying the issue identity to the document store on the blockchain. Yeah. Yeah, just to add on to the answer to his questions, like, if you guys ever, in the early days of doing cryptography, if you guys ever went to signing parties and X509 certificates and dealt with all the complexities of that, compared with the ubiquity that Ethereum and these things offer today, it's just, it's just night and day difference from a practical basis. From a theoretical basis, yes, it's not perfect, it doesn't do everything, but from a practical perspective it's just so much easier to use and it's just common how everyone is using it. My question was, so I was kind of surprised that, you know, I thought we were describing that this was just a protocol, but in fact you guys have actually developed and released software. What is the scope of that software? Like, if I'm an organization and I want to build to do verification of my own documents and stuff, is that what this is on? Is that what this is going to provide? Also, I guess what I would call these reference implementations, and we also do release the code for that as well. So, for example, for traittrust.io, the verifier is open source and implementers can refer to that to spin up their own verifiers and to use our CLI to help users to issue documents. So, there's underlying framework, those are the applications that we have built on top of that, and to the best extent possible, we do try and make it open source. This is very forward thinking stuff for you guys in Singapore, so I hope it catches on outstanding. All right, we go. More questions there? So, I was curious when you did your research on how to implement this, if blockchain was a winner, which was number two option that you rejected? Okay, so I think the two, one question that we do get asked is why not just use docuSign or a similar, like signing a PKI based digital signature that you can easily open up a PDF, and you can also have that sort of verification that hasn't been tampered with and just issued by a certain entity. I think the two benefits of open attestation would be in terms of replication. It's a lot easier to revoke, as opposed to trying to revoke the signature of a digital document that you've already signed a PDF and sent out. And the second one, which I think has a lot of potential, maybe hasn't been realized yet, is that, I mean, the open attestation files, it's in JSON format. I think it's more machine readable, as opposed to a PDF, docuSign, PDF, for example, that is maybe harder to integrate with systems. So, I guess that was one of the other options that we considered, and eventually decided not to go ahead with. Right. Hi. I only have a question. I just want to add a bit of color to this great presentation. And I actually happened to work with the protocol a bit because I was working on a software that actually utilized this, it's called NextID, and it utilizes this as you're really, really great. And also, I just want to add a bit to Roland's question just now on that there's no need for a blockchain, which I actually agree in this case because it's basically just everything's just a mocha tree. So, you need to, it just ties into the mocha root because all the search is actually not published on change. Every search has a hash, this dash of that, and then you just build that tree, and then you just have the root that you refer to somewhere. So, you can see that on the DNS or you can actually see that on the blockchain itself. But blockchain itself is actually not used in this case, but there's one fundamental of blockchain that's actually adding some value here, which is the immutability part. So, it helps when assert is, let's say that seed is changed someday through DNS, and you cannot see that it is changed. So, the blockchain part actually adds that seed or that root is changed. So, you can actually see that it is changed. So, everything else is just cryptography, just PKI. So, there's no need for a blockchain or smart contracts, but that blockchain part actually helps to make sure that it is unchanged. And you can actually track that it is changed or it's being added and all that. Correct me if I'm wrong. It's something that I want to add there. Thanks. All right. Thank you very much. And I think with that, we close our session today. Thank you very much, Kali. They give you a round of applause. Thanks for taking the time. And I think just responding to what Yuzin mentioned, I think we don't see there's just a pure blockchain thing. I think it's wider than that. As we look at verifiable credentials, and that's not something that is necessarily tight strictly to blockchain. And I think we are so interested in seeing, perhaps, what are the different links and between the different ecosystems now.


Remember a hallmark card when you will carry enough to send the very best. Cards bring you another and their exciting new series of broadcasts on the Hallmark Hall of Fame. The card will bring you true to life stories of actual persons who in their own way have contributed to a better world for all of us to live in. Presented on the Hallmark Hall of Fame by our distinguished host, Mr. Lionel Barrymore. And welcome to the Hallmark Hall of Fame. Here we dramatize every Sunday night a true story about real people to whom we respectfully dedicate this Hallmark Hall of Fame. And tonight transcribed we have a distinguished guest for you to meet. Oh beautiful for spacious skies for amber waves of grain goes well of patriotic him. Well, except for the obstinate faith and genius of one man, those amber waves of grain would be black with the terrible black stem rust that once threatened our entire wheat belt. This is the true story of the saving of our priceless wheat. And it's the poignant love story of Mark Alfred Calton, giant of the meadows. Now here's Frank Goss from the makers of Hallmark Gods. When you want to remember your friends there's one way to be sure the card you send receives an extra welcome. Look for that identifying Hallmark on the back when you select it. For words to express your feelings and designs to express your good taste. Let the Hallmark on the back be your guide. For that Hallmark tells your friends you cared enough to send the very best. Lionel Barrymore appears by arrangement with Metro Golden Mayor producers of Never Let Me Go starring Clark Gable and Jean Tierney and featuring Richard Hayden. And now Lionel Barrymore brings you the first act of our Hallmark Hall of Fame. 1976, the year of the ill wind. Ohio 1876. The wind blustering across the plains and meadows is hot and picturesque. Day and night the ill wind brings deadly pestilence to the wheat. The amber waves of grain turn black. Ruin rides the wind day and night inside a lonely Ohio farmhouse. A tall, severe man reads steadfastly by the light of an oil lamp. Be glad then ye children of Zion and rejoice in the Lord your God. He calls it to come down for you the rain. The floor shall be full of corn and the vat shall overflow with wine and with oil. Ma, why aren't you asleep, son? I can't sleep. Dad, I call the wind. Well, you're accustomed to a bit of wind, aren't you? Dad, are we going to lose all our wheat again? Son, throw your tin on a farm as a man. I'm going to tell you the hard truth now. We don't have any more wheat. It's sick, it's gone. Well, we have to move away like two American folks. Year after year the black stem rusts spreading across the wheat like a plague. Keeps on there won't be a stalk of wheat in America, keeps on. I don't want to move away, Dad. I like it here. Do we have to move away? You were born on this farm.  I don't want to move away either, son. Pop, Dad, don't cry. A boy's a man on a farm, but gets to be the farm breaks him back to a boy again sometimes. Gets to be. Don't cry, Dad. We'll do something. Someday they'll cure the wheat rust. Never. I bet. Your old man shall dream dreams, but your son shall see visions and shall prophesy the Lord said. He did?  And ye shall eat in plenty and be satisfied, and shall praise the name of the Lord your God. That means we will stop the wheat rust someday. Your son shall see visions and shall prophesy. I bet. The black wind of 1876 sighs and blusters into history. But the boy's prophecy of Mark Calton has become a dedication. The sensitive boy, his heart eroded by those rare tears of his father, is a young man, a graduate of Kansas State Agricultural College, making his farewell address. Once good friends plague destroyed its countless human lives, but the centuries passed and with them passed the dread tolling of the bells and the cry of who hath dead, who hath dead in the fearful night. But the night is over and man is gifted with God and radiant knowledge. As we leave college, may those gifts help us carry a great crusade to the meadows of peace where a battle to the death is being fought. Famine, that rider of a lean horse is the enemy. Let us mark. With a nice graduation mark. Thank you for being out there today, Amanda. Oh, I take in all the better commencement exercises. Oh, do you help all the graduates work on their speeches too? Oh, I just help.  Spouted? I should have remembered. You never joke about your words. No, I wish I could. I can't. I once saw my father, a strong, a powerful man, stern as granite. I saw him cry once. I know. He watched his wheat turn black until he couldn't stand it anymore. Cryed, cried, and then he read to me from the Bible, Joel, I think, about the sons of the elders seeing great visions. And you saw yours. I just know that the blight will strike again someday, perhaps for the last time, because all the wheat will be destroyed. It's a kind of judgment day. And bread, the best fruit of the poor, will be out of their reach. You love people, don't you? I like people. I love you. Scientists got to make distinctions, doesn't he? You love everybody, I know. But I can't marry everybody, just you, so let's, huh? And be a burden to you? Burden? Well, you know, doctors always pulling at their beard and looking at me sideways. Well, you have to get your start. I've got my start. No, you haven't, Mark. Have you? Well, I bet. The Department of Agriculture wants me. No. See here, I'm a brilliant young fellow. But aren't we terribly young to get married? A boy on a farm is a man, my dad always says. What do you say? Always. Now. Yes, Mark. And my bride will hold a sheaf of wheat for flowers, as in olden times.  And she shall be my bride and my wife and my staff and lantern forever. I bet. Fort and Mark Calden are married. As research scientist with the Department of Agriculture, Mark Calden makes the vast wheat fields from Gulf to Canada, his laboratory. Months become years. A race against the deadly dry wind that may bring the next and perhaps the last great blight. A struggle against the growing impatience and criticism in Washington. If you would only listen to me, sir. I have listened to you, Calden. I've also listened to warnings that time as well as money is running out.  There is no cure for wheat, Russ Calden. No cure. I've confessed that myself in a recent bulletin. Then an end to this waste. Stop now. When the true answer is clear at last, that a resistance train of wheat must be developed. Stop now. Off with. No, sir. Those are the orders of the Secretary of Agriculture. Then I shall go to the Secretary of Agriculture for other orders. Mr. Calden. Fort Whit. Yes, Mr. Wilson, I must go to the Ukraine. My dear Calden. If you mean dear in the sense of costly, expensive, spare me the word, sir, and listen to mine. My experiments prove we have no strain of wheat able to survive extreme cold and heat and dryness, which unite to invite the Black Stem Russ. And you fancy a resistance train can be found in the Ukraine. If anywhere, sir, yes. The answer then is no. That is the answer today, Mr. Secretary. I'll be back tomorrow. Mr. Calden. Tomorrow, I say, in the next day, in the next day, in the next day, in the next... Calden. Mr. Secretary. Mr. Calden. For heaven's sake, sir, please go to the Ukraine and let me get on with my work. Will you be gone very long, Mark? Just long enough, darling. Well, that's a pretty good answer. I'm looking for answers, too, Amanda. I must find a hearty strain of wheat used to hardship, a sort of golden bullet to shoot famine from his saddle once and for all. They're a little boy with visions, aren't you? I just don't want strong men to cry. It hurts. Yes, you do love people very much. I like people. I love Amanda. And someday... someday I'll lay a sheaf of golden wheat at your feet, just like a rich offering to Siri's goddess of the grain, strong, brave wheat, and to save a nation, perhaps, in 10 million lives. Wheat. A bouquet of gold for my bride and my wife. My staff and my lantern. Forever. For a moment, we return to the second act of the Hallmark Hall of Fame. Are you familiar with these famous words? God couldn't be everywhere, and so he gave us mothers. It's a wonderful tribute, and it seems especially appropriate on this last Sunday before Mother's Day. Perhaps you've been giving some thought lately to Mother's Special Day, thoughts about what you want to say to your mother and how you can say it best. For most of us, it isn't too easy to express the warmth and love we feel in our hearts all through the year. That's why I think you'll enjoy letting a Hallmark Mother's Day card speak for you. You see, Hallmark Mother's Day cards are beautiful and varied, and each one has a message all its own. You may choose a card that's spiritual or friendly, simple or elegant, or a Hallmark card with a touch of humor about it. At any rate, you're sure to find the one ideal card that says what you want to say, just the way you want to say it, in the big Hallmark collection.  And now Lionel Barrymore brings you the second act of our true story of Mark Calton. Deserts of Turkestan and Central Asia. St. Petersburg. The Ukraine. Mark Calton talks to experts in the desolate fields. He talks to peasants. At last, on the edge of the forbidding two-guide step, gold. Living gold. My dearest Amanda, if you can hardly read this writing, it's because I'm too excited to write clearly or think soberly. I think I found it. Tell Dad. He'll be happy for his little boy who was a man at 10. Tell him, no more caravans leaving dead in dusty farms. An end to such sadness in America. I have found a wheat called Kubanka. A tough durum wheat, bearded like a tartar in a match for the cold and heat, and the black stem rust. His resistant strain of wheat is a dedication. Across America, he carries the gospel of the new wheat, the Kubanka durum. Take a chance, men. What can you lose? You've lost crop after crop of the old wheat. Try a new wheat. Famine, I tell you, rides a lean horse. And he rides every hot wind and every blizzard that hits your farms.   For anybody who'll take a chance, who's first? The gruckies across the great plains sweeps the golden tide of wheat under the unwinking sky. Wheat? It won't do. But it's tough, it survives. Tough, yes, it's tough. It's a tough, in fact, of the millers all over the country of protesting. Their machinery can't grind it up. A peasant's grindstone is easily replaced. Yes, but expensive machinery is not. There must be another way, then. A hybrid grain, softer but still resistant. It's tough, Carlton. Secretary Wilson is staggered at the cost of your endless experiment. It is not endless, sir. The end may be in sight. No more wasted money on this project. Waste all that's been accomplished, then. Is that it? Not saying good money after bad. That's it. I will not stop my work. Believe me, Secretary Wilson sympathizes with your problem. We all do. But there simply is not enough money for everything. Something must be sacrificed. Not this. I will go to Secretary Wilson again as I did once before. He will give me one more chance because he must. Even if it takes years. And it will. Suppose you fail again? Ask for my resignation. A bargain, Mr. Carlton. Years. The slow cycle of the season, watching Mark Carlton. It's a long day since Amanda Froth was his young bride. A long day since she died. The 20th century, with its terrible and splendid promise, has begun. 1904. Here the wind came back. Searing the millions of acres of wheat. Much of it, the hybrid grain of Mark Carlton's. The hot blast brings the black stem rust. Midsummer, a long, low cry goes up from the American plains. Death sits in the wheat again. And gold turns black. Disaster. The final figures on the recent blight.  Crop losses of 5 weight and low stem weight, 60%. Shocking. Losses where my latest hybrid wheat was growing, 3%. Carlton. 3%? Sometimes nothing. My dear Carlton. If all the wheat had been my new cubanca hybrid, our crushing loss would have been totally avoided. The new wheat can survive. And it is soft enough for milling. My work is finished, sir. Finished? It's only begun. There's other work to do among the grains. Millions in the future will owe their very survival to you. The name of my Carlton may not be on every tongue, but it will be remembered. And the deed is imperishable. For all of us, for a nation and a world, let me offer gratitude and humility. That's all, Carlton. Don't stand about. There's work to do. Long still summer dusk, the vaspers ring. A soft wind whispers in the cypress and the willows where a man kneels at a stone. The stone says Amanda fraught Carlton, beloved wife of Mark, Mother Angela. Once Amanda, long ago, I promised I'd lay her sheaf of wheat at your feet. Wait to save a nation or a world of okay of gold for my bride, my wife, my staff, and my lantern forever. Carlton to the bell. They don't weep, they rejoice, and they bring the word down to the kindly earth and all its truth. I will restore to you the years that the locust have eaten and you shall eat in plenty and be satisfied and you shall praise the name of the Lord, your God. A few years later, and just as Secretary Wilson prophesied, the name and deed of Mark Carlton are not forgotten. They're even greater with the times. Here helping to fulfill the Secretary Wilson's prophecy is the honorable Clifford Hope, the United States Congressman from Kansas, chairman of the House Agriculture Committee. Thank you, Mr. Barrymore. I think that the story you have just presented is in its very essence the story and ideal of America. A kindly providence has made us the trustee of this vast and fertile land. Devoted Americans like Mark Carlton have fought the great fight against famine, the most relentless of all catastrophes. The saving of our wheat, this wheat is the staff of life, so the welfare of the people is the staff of democracy. Ideologies grow in barren soils and feed upon hunger. The successful fight to save our wheat was a great victory for the American way of life. I congratulate you for your story of that victory. Clifford Hope, Congressman from Kansas. Mark Carlton, by his patience and fortitude, found the answer to a plague that menaced our entire wheat crop. He added enormous wealth to the nation, enormous security from hunger to a hunger world. I'll be back in just a moment to tell you about our Mother's Day program for next Sunday. But first, Frank Goss has something of his own to tell you about that important day. Right now, I'd like to speak to you fathers in the audience. If you have little folks at your house, why not plan to take them shopping early this week for Hallmark Mother's Day cards? Children love the privilege of picking out their very own cards for mother, and it gives them a chance to share in the loving spirit of thoughtfulness that makes Mother's Day such a special day of celebration. You'll find there are dozens of Hallmark Mother's Day cards in bright, gay designs that will catch the youngsters' eye and bring a glow of joy to their mother's heart. And there are Mother's Day cards too for a favorite aunts or grandmothers. Yes, and here's something nice to know. You can choose a Hallmark card to send to your wife on May the 10th. Remember, when you select greetings at a fine store where Hallmark cards are sold, the familiar Hallmark and Crown on the back will carry an added measure of happiness, for it means you carry enough to send the very best. And now here again is Lionel Barrymore. The makers of the Hallmark cards are most grateful to the public press and to educators throughout America for their overwhelming response to Hallmark's television presentation of Hamlet last Sunday. Well, next Sunday you will pay a special Mother's Day tribute to Mary Washington, the mother of our first president. On the Hallmark Radio Hall of Fame, it's a heartwarming, true story that I know you won't want to miss. A Hallmark Hall of Fame is every Sunday. Our producer-directors, William Gay, a script tonight was written by Milton Geiger. Until next Sunday then, this is Lionel Barrymore saying good night. In stores that have been carefully selected to give you expert and friendly service, remember a Hallmark card and you'll carry enough to send the very best. The part of Mark Colton was played by John Stevenson. Barbara Eiler was featured as Amanda. Others in our cast were Frank Martin, Richard Beals, Ted DeCorsia and Francis Ure. Congressman Hope spoke to you transcribed from Washington. Every Sunday, Hallmark cards presents two great programs for the whole family's enjoyment. The Hallmark Hall of Fame on radio with host Lionel Barrymore and on television with Miss Sarah Churchill. Consult your paper for time and station. Ladies and gentlemen, blood is as vital to our national defense as copper, rubber, planes or tanks. Blood plasma is urgently needed today to save the lives of our men in service and civilians in hospitals here at home. It is needed to build plasma reserves to meet such emergencies as fires, floods or enemy attacks.  This is Frank Goss saying good night to you all until next week at the same time to present another true-to-life story of actual persons who in their own way have contributed to a better world for all of us to live in. Next Sunday we bring you our Mother's Day tribute to Mary Washington on the Hallmark Hall of Fame. You see, Kansas City, Missouri.