103.9 FM W. O. Z. O. Radio Knoxville. Digital free thought radio hour. Hello and welcome to digital free thought radio hour and W. O. Z. O. Radio 103.9 LP FM right here in Knoxville, Tennessee. Today is Sunday, June 28, 2020. I'm Larry roger doubter five and as usual we have on the phone the line with us. Wombat. Hello Wombat. I just forgot the song I was going to sing. Where did it go? Dang it.  Jesus loves me this I know for the Bible tells me so. That's all. Yes means yes and no means no. There you go. Well done. Well done. Wow, face mapping. That's pretty cool. All right. How do you be having a limerick for y'all? Yeah, let's start with your invocation. Well, we've got a dread pirate Higgs on the show with us. We've got George, J. W. Kennedy, abstract atheists and Chad the Impaler. The digital free thought radio hour is a talk radio show about atheism, free thought, rational thought, humanism and the sciences. And conversely, we also talked about religion, religious faith, Scott's holy books and superstition. And if you get the feeling that you're the only non believer in Knoxville, well, you're just not. There are several atheists and rationalists and free thinking groups here in Knoxville. And we'll be telling you how you can connect with them right after the mid show breaks. Also, did you know that we have a streaming atheist TV slash video show broadcasting here in Knoxville? Did you know that one about? I did know it. I did know it. And I'm so glad that you are really into obscure Japanese manga because this really needs more attention.  And like this daughter knows that the mom's an assassin and that the dad's a spy, but they don't know that each other's a spy and an assassin. So it's just like this weird counterplay with everyone. They actually are a family that loves each other at the end of the day. Spy just played out theme. No, what are you talking about? So good. I'm just kidding. I'm totally kidding. Dakota family was still acting right now. This would be the dream role for her. Now, this is an atheist call in television show and has been broadcasting in Knoxville for over 10 years. And we'll be telling you more about how you can watch it and one back can watch it after the mid show break. If you'd like to interact with us during the show, go to Facebook and search for digital free thought radio hour and use the messaging function to send us questions and comments during the broadcast. One bit what we have, what do we have today as a topic? We're going to begin before we're going to be talking about labels. But before we begin, how about we open up with our invocation from our own Dread Pirate Higgs? Threatened with burning in hell, B, he has said no need to yell until there's some proof that you're telling the truth. I ain't buying what you're trying to sell. Hey, very good. A lot of truth. All right. So, hey guys, we're going to be talking about labels today. I thought it'd be good because I just posted a video through my backlog because we can't go outside and have chats with people because of the coronavirus situation. But I had a conversation with a lady about the idea of labels and her opinion was labels are the worst. And she looked like your regular grandma, but she's like, no, I don't feel like how I look. I don't like using the labels to describe how I look. I mean, look at you. Are you African-Americans? No, I prefer to be called black. This is like, oh, right, right? So we all have all these labels that we use to denote who we are and use as shortcuts. And transgender people prefer gender. Exactly. And we have all these shortcuts that get us out of the way from really understanding who we are and labels are the worst things, right? And I was like, no, maybe we can talk about this because maybe labels are useful in some aspects. And maybe it's something more about the mindset rather than the word that we put on each other itself. So opening up the conversation about labels, and I'm going to throw it out first to Dredpire Higgs. Oh, wait, first, first, first, George, how would you define it? How would you define a label? Well, I'm asking you because it's your topic. I don't know how you use the word before, right? What would you define it? Well, to tell you the truth, I find the word label is kind of vague. And that's why I'm throwing it back to you to ask you what you had in mind when you brought it up as a topic. A label is, to me, a word that we stick on somebody else to define them. Okay. Yeah. Now, let me amplify on this a little bit because I've been thinking about it recently. And it is human nature to generalize. We try to understand stuff. We try to pigeonhole the world around us, which we do not understand. It's too hard to understand everything. And stuff's coming at us at high speed constantly. Information that we have to understand. Animals do it too. If a human being mistreats an animal, that animal will be wary of humans after that, especially if two humans mistreat that animal. All humans are like that. All black people are like this. All Jews are like this. All Christians are like this. So we put labels on people in an attempt to simply understand them. So I'm saying that this is human nature and that this type of labeling is at the root of prejudice, all kinds of mistreatment of other people. We pigeonhole them, for instance, as non-human. And that's how the Nazis treated the Jews. We also have a societally shared memes, ideas about certain groups, a lot of them, which is true.  And if I tell somebody I'm a computer programmer, they can use that label to learn an awful lot about me and my history, my background, before I have to elaborate any further on the specifics. So they're very helpful in some ways. They save a lot of time. Wait, you're saying you know how C++ Java and how to turn on a computer, turn it off and reformat and connect it?  We do as most of what you just said, yes. Oh, okay. I don't know C++. I don't think anyone does. Are they helpful and productive in every discussion? They are. So maybe- They also be harmful. I'm actually interested in what Chad thinks about labels. I think this would be an interesting thing to get his weight on. Chad, have you ever used labels before and what labels you like? First of all, maybe why not? What do you think a label is? And then maybe some positive labels, negative labels? What do you think? I think- and sorry about that click there. That was my mouth noise that I hate. I hate when other people do it, but I do it. So let me step outside. This is kind of echoey, apologies. Labels, it seems like labels might just be names for models that we build. And humans being model builders. It's fast thinking versus slow thinking. We do an awful lot of fast thinking. We have to because we used to use it to survive. And it seems inherent. It seems like it's very difficult to get away from building models because they're so useful. And it seems like that might be what we do with people. In the past, we used to have to quickly judge whether another group of people that seemingly on the surface are different from us to find out if they're a threat or not. It seems like that might be part of where this is coming from, why we do it so much to other people that look differently, that maybe speak differently. Because they're coming from a different geographic region usually. And we have to quickly assess whether or not they're dangerous. Yeah, it sounds like tribalism at play, right? Yeah, yeah. But it also not everything that- we can hack these things. We don't have these horrible things that we do that used to be useful. They have some modern significance and modern use as well. It's always great though to know where these things come from and know where they can lead, I think. So even talking about it like what we're doing, awareness of what past these things can lead us down. I could do it with the Nazis. I love how you said it's not just enough to use them. You have to know what they could be used for and where they could lead, like that awareness. They may convey either on purpose or accidentally. Yeah, you can use them dangerously or lazily or really usefully. They are useful. What do you think about the use, Nathan, abstract activists? I'm going to throw this out at you. What's the idea of labels in your life? I- a question popped into my head. I was wondering is the word truth a label? Ooh, I feel like it is. I feel like it is. I think it probably is too. We're basically pointing at something that we can't see or objectively, you know, absolutely determined and we're saying truth in the fourth person at best is like in constant. Right, right. Is there, yeah? Yeah, to me label would be something that is defining something though when we use colloquially the word label, I think of it as like I have certain value attributed to the shortcut of the discussion, but also I acknowledge that you have a different concept of what that thing is. So I have to be cognizant of what you think I think it is. So it's like this back and forth. This is why dictionaries and encyclopedias are very important. It'd be nice if we only had one dictionary so like competing 17 brands with dictionaries. It'd be nice if they didn't change. It'd be nice if they weren't written by Christians. Yeah, yeah, yeah. But sorry to stuff in your toes, Nathan, but like I thought you were going on a really good point. You're saying like there's a compromise between what your intentions is as the labeler and what the interpreter is as the person who's seeing the interview and then and what label you use may not be what's conceived of by the person who's hearing what you're saying. And so you're never going to meet one eye to eye on anything. So like there's some risk of mislabeling when you label something even if you accurately label it. Right. And if we were speaking a different language, we'd be using different labels. And they only really work because I understand you have an understanding of what that thing is. Right. And so if we're from different cultures and we speak the same language, it could be a completely different thing. Yeah, totally. That's correct. Yeah. So the more abstract that concept is, the more political, the more religious or more philosophical it is, you know, the less we can end up relating to each other. I'll throw that one last question to Nathan before I head over to J. W. But like, what do you think about art as a label? Wow. Like that giant thing behind you. I'm sure that means something to you, right? I look at that. I'm like, wow, that's really red and black. I'm really just trying to fill up the walls really in my room with little tapestries. I need to get a new tapestry that's got my like channel's logo on it. And that's why when I do my Zoom chats, I've got that background. J. W. just picked the blackness in his room. Well, what is, you know, when I was in my second high school, the music instructor asked people to define art. Hmm.  Oh, I got to go on that one. Yeah, well, it covers a lot of ground. That's for sure. Well, what we came up with was simply this, that art is a method of communication that transcends everyday speech. I like it. I like that. Now, I don't know anything better than that or worse, you know, it's it. No, I had some, you know, some something better to say about it. I did an artist and being the son of an artist and I just don't, you know, J. W., what do you think about that? You want to weigh on that? What do you think about the idea of art as a label and George's definition? Well, I'd say that art is I don't know if it's always been this way. I don't have like a workable knowledge of the history of words, but art seems to have become very subjective. Maybe it always has been. Maybe it has and I don't know. So I could see it. I could see it as a label. If we're defining label labels as words we use to represent abstract things or a large area of but I think that can can lead down a dangerous road. Like I was talking to you when when you and I did an interview, whatever that game that we played where you where you gave me a few topics to talk to rant about. And yeah, and that that night I talked a little bit about labels. I forget what the question was that you're asking me that the idea of masculinity, but it was like, what does it mean to be masculine? Right? Yes. And then I kind of triggered the thoughts about, you know, what is masculinity? What is what is femininity? And then then then I kind of shared my thoughts on the idea of labels. I think that at least my generation has a tendency to use labels to relieve themselves of the responsibility of understanding someone who believes in things differently than they do. They can be used for that. Yeah. Yes. That if they it relieves them of the spawn. Like I think it's Sam Harris that said. Boo bingo. Sam Harris, let's make sure we guys still still manning. Hold on. Do you see the ownership of that? Sam Harris.  You had that on the ready. Still manning somebody and just seeking to understand somebody. I think I but I think like also you guys haven't liked me. I kind of did have mostly a negative view on the on the term label until this discussion. So I just got a lot of luck to think about. I want to answer that question that you gave me though, Ty, at some point. Go for it. The one about art. Yeah. I think my three, my three favorite abstract nouns are truth. Art and love because those three, those three words that you're looking at me will fall weird. Well, those I feel like you're the kind of guy who had that tattooed on your body or like up in your bathroom frame like those words. Really? Yeah, yeah. Like with macrame with like birdseed on them and it's like organic. Those words, they carry a lot of weight for a lot of people. And I mean, if you ask people what they mean by truth, I mean, you'll get a lot of different answers and you'll get a lot of different answers for the word love too. I'd say my answer for art would be all that whatever moves you something a product that somebody makes that's moving in some way. And that's why it can be, you know, something can be art to me because I find it moving and you can be like, that's just a blank canvas with hardly anything on it. How is that moving to you? And it wouldn't be art to you, but it'd be art to me. And in that sense, it is relative to the art distance. Unlike truth. Yeah, absolutely. Does it take an artist to create art though? I mean, can you, so is art defined strictly as something created by humans? Well, there's found art too. I hope there have to be intention as well. That's a really good question. And I suppose because it's an abstract noun, it might mean something different to other people and I'm open-minded to hearing what other people mean by that. And my definition would change with the person I'm talking to because it's a label, right? So somebody else tells me their definition of what the word art means and they're really specific about it. And it resonates with me in some way. I can adopt that for purposes of our conversation and go with that. Dude, that's the perfect SC mentality. Absolutely. Yeah, hey, yeah, yeah. I'll just take whatever we're doing just for this conversation. I'll work with that because I want to communicate with you. So if somebody said a waterfall is art, I'd be like, okay. Sure. I mean, if you want to say that. It's like found art or found object that the finder thinks is artistically worthy. Sure. And then you can communicate stuff to other people. He didn't create it, but he appreciates it. And maybe other people will too. When I hear that, I feel like science is beautiful. Yeah, I like the idea of accidental art. As you guys know, I'm in the middle of flipping a house. And on the floor in the living room of this house that I'm working in, there's all this paint speckle and concrete speckle and adhesive that's on the floor.  Off of the floor and found this section that was just as beautiful as anything I'd ever seen. Anyone try to paint. And so, and I created that unknowingly. Is it only art when someone identifies it as such? Right. I mean, it seems like maybe. I don't know. I'm not, I'm not trying to be contrarian. No, no, no, no, it's a great point. I just defining, defining I think what you were asking. What is art? I don't, I don't know. But I know I find beauty in, in all kinds of things, both created by humans. And this is going to sound silly, especially coming from the background that I do. Created by humans or created by nature. And, you know, I don't see a difference. We have to create a difference. And we need to keep in mind it doesn't have to be beautiful. It doesn't have to be prettier or have beauty. It can have meaning and movement and even horror. And still be art. Sure. Yeah. I was going to throw a question out to Dread Pirate, but he's apparently a band and ship for just a couple of seconds. So, hey, I'll throw this on the board. To build on top of this, I think like someone says, hey, this waterfall is beautiful. That to me sounds like, hey, natural processes can generate something that's really extraordinary or science can be beautiful. When I hear that, it's like, thank you for saying that. Because if you ask me what some of the most beautiful things are, it's in nature. I'm not saying there's a seven-year-old Thanksgiving bird that was drawn with your girl's outlined hand is not the highest standard of art. But when I see a galaxy that's been taken by a spectroscopic microscope or telescope, or a black and white image from an atomic force microscope, or like just like these outlines of like, this is how fat gets turned into energy for your body to work. And it has all these different steps and all these course of like enzymes working together. I'm like, look at all this. I'm like, I can see why someone would look at this and say, this is intelligent design. Like this would have to be created like a high power. Gosh, trust me, dude. I live in Portland and I guess it's like all the times of golden ratio stuff. Right. Oh, yeah, I get that. You're born by something that's just so conceivably beautiful and complex. You're just like, this has to be art. But even though it's not created by an all-power for being, or like there's no evidence to support that, it's still an amazing thing. Like that doesn't take away anything. Totally. The wombat, think about the outlines of hands we find in caves that are 30,000 years old. That's definitely hard. Those are terrible artists though. Like, oh, come on, guy. You're just, that's graffiti. They did that in 2020 to get arrested. Another nature's work. Dred Piran, I want to throw the question at Arbat, but you went to Avast for a quick question. I was busy writing something down. And it's this, art, for me, external expression of an internal impression. Oh, I like it. I like it. Yeah. I like that too. Yeah. What do you think about labels? What do you think about art? Like, is art a label? Or what do you think about labels in general? Well, art, yeah, I think it would be a label.  Right? It's like, you know, a shingle outside of a store. It doesn't say definitively what you can expect to see inside. But, you know, if you see a shingle that says apothecary or a pharmacist or something like that, there's some things that you could, you know, confidently expect to find within it. But, you know, and there again, there you have the change between apothecary and a pharmacist. You know, so labels change as meetings change and meetings change, you know, according to how we use those labels, right? Nice. Yeah. Yeah. I definitely agree. Like, home apoc, cure versus clinically trial tested FDA approved. Exactly, right? Yeah. Cool. Hey, we're at the bottom of the half hour. Doubt or five, why don't you take us out? We'll come right back to this. Hey, this is Digital Freethought Radio Hour and WOZO Radio 103.9 LP FM, right here in Knoxville, Tennessee. Going to take a short break. We'll be right back. See you then. Hello and welcome back to Digital Freethought Radio Hour and WOZO Radio 103.9 LP FM, right here in Knoxville, Tennessee. I'm Doubt or five and today is Sunday, June 28th, 2020. Welcome to the second half of the show. Let's talk about the Freethought groups that you can join here in Knoxville. First, there's the Atheist Society of Knoxville, founded in 2002. We're in our 18th year. ASK has over 1,000 members now and you can find us online by searching for Knoxville Atheist or go to KnoxvilleAtheist.org. If you don't have a meetup group or an Atheist group in your town, then you can just start one. No, that's not how you do that. Do that again. How do you do that? How do you do it? How do you do it again from the start? Okay. If you don't live in Knoxville, you can still go to meet up and search for an Atheist group in your town. Don't find one. Start one. Nobody joined except one man. Thank you, one man. I'm back. Another large freethinking group here in Knoxville are the Rationalists of East Tennessee. And they've been around for more than 20 years. Just go to rationalist.org and click on upcoming events to find out what they're up to. Earlier in the show, we said we talked about the Atheist Call in TV show or video show. We have an Atheist Caller TV show. It could happen. It could happen. Then going on for over 10 years, first broadcast on the local TV channel, Community Access TV. But now it's on YouTube and you can find by searching for Freethought Coalition of Knoxville, Freethinkers United Coalition. You can find also archives of their show on YouTube where Van has been posting them. If you're interested in getting involved with this TV show or radio show, excuse me, you can come to an ASK meeting or RAT meetup and talk to us about it. It could be our next co-host or guest. With us on the show, we have one bad, our co-host. And we also have J.W. Kennedy, Chad the Impaler. Well, he's gone. Abstract Atheist, George and Dred Piratig. Welcome all. And we were talking about labels. Should we go back to more labels? Yeah. So one of the biggest labels that I hate personally, I think would be I think would be good as if we did a round table on everyone's top three abstract nouns because I love that thing that you're doing because mine will be completely different than all those things that you're saying. That's one of the reasons I started the channel. That's why I gave my channel the name. Yeah, it was because I was fascinated with abstract nouns. Because I already set this up. I'm just going to do this corny thing real quick.  That's not cool.  All right. That's a thing. All right. Anyway, that's it. That's cool. So just keep it that way the whole time. I love that filter. I'm also a pickle. Hey. Okay. So what is doubt or five your top three nouns slash labels? Three. Yeah. Like you think are the most important. They don't have to define you. But like as what was it for abstract activists? Oh, for me, for myself? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. We're all a lot of true fan art. Decepticonarian. Art. Wow. Atheists, of course. That's a big label. That's a big one. And a programmer. I love computers and I love making them do what I want to do. Would you say those are three important to you? They don't have to define who you are. They could just be what you think are three labels are important. Well, one I was going to throw out there was faith. A lot of people throw faith around like it's every like all the time they use it, it means the same thing when it doesn't. It's got several different definitions. But it's just something that needs to be defined when you're using the word. Yeah. I love that. Yeah. Yeah. That's a big one. J.W. What do you think are your top three abstract now slash labels? No audio, my friend. I thought you said you fixed it. I told them to fix it and work on it. Well, we'll give you some time to work on that. Dread Pirate, what are your top three down slash labels? Don't fix what's not broken, J.W. So, well, I would go with faith, belief and a Pastifarian. Okay. What I we talked about faith before. What's what's the difference between belief versus faith? Well, I mean, you know, strictly speaking, faith is a belief in the absence of evidence. You know, if you take accept that as a definition and then belief is, you know, based on evidence. So, yeah, I think those two terms are often used interchangeably by people who haven't given serious thought about the fact that those things are different. Equivocated as it were. I like that. Yeah. And then Pastifarian, what's what's the value of that as a label? Is there a lot of misconceptions about Pastifarian or? Oh, absolutely. Yeah, lots of misconceptions. You know, well, I don't understand how there could be a single one. What are you talking about for the horde? Yeah, no, you know, Pastifarians are treated, you know, as a group of people by a lot of people as just mocking other people's religions. When I think it's a legitimate organization concerned with the separation of church and state.  It's an important thing to struggle for, in my view. And so we're the important thing we're trying to do is establish Pastifarianism as something that people can respect and not just cheer at. Very nice. Yeah. George, what's your three abstract nouns? I am blanking out, gentlemen. I'm sorry. I cannot say a word about this. Fair enough. I love this topic. I'm having an I'm having an I'm having an ADD moment than my mind is flying around. So I'll tell you some that we've only talked a couple of times, but I've noted that you use like New Yorker Jewish artists, musician a number of times. Like, do any of those? Thank you. Yes. Yeah. Well, yeah. Okay. So labels are convenient because I have to redefine myself at the age that I am looking back at my life. I'm not a youngster anymore by any means. And I have to find myself as a musician at times because it's been handy, but I've done other things. I'm a creative person. I'm not just a musician. So I, okay. How cute. Why don't you talk about labels? Hey, I feel sorry for you. You, you were raised atheist by default by parents who didn't have spiritual beliefs, but you said you also have a Jewish background at the same time too. Well, yeah. My genes are genetically Jewish. And do you feel like some people might misconstrue the label of Jewish as saying that you're a person of faith at the same time too? And like what? Oh, absolutely. Yeah. Yeah. Absolutely. Oh, absolutely. They, they will, they will misconstrue that I'm a person of faith. They will misconstrue that I am a Zionist, you know. Whereas it's nothing, almost nothing could be further from the truth, you know. Yeah. That I, that good misconstrue that I hate Palestinians, which I do not. I guess I have an imaginary conversation in my mind. I project the label upon myself and then say, what is this other person thinking of me and thinking that this means and I have mentioned to a couple of people. I don't tell people that I'm an atheist where I live. I've mentioned, so I've said I'm Jewish. And they, a couple of times people have reacted in shock and horror when I said that. Now I'm not used to this, you know. I don't know what was going through their minds. Maybe it's just that they've never met a Jew before. And they don't know what to say. And all kinds of strong atheist vibes about you and they're just disappointed. They're just like, ah, I thought he was one of us. You know, I've heard it said that to, to a, to any religious person, somebody of the other, of another religion is an atheist. True. The original usage of the word atheist was by the Romans, uh, labeling Christians because they didn't believe in the Roman gods. It's true. It's true. I mean, the Christians were the first atheists. What pagans literally means someone who doesn't believe in my God. Like that's, that's, that is it. JW, your, your mic is still out. Unfortunately, uh, say something. No, we can't hear you, my buddy. But if you knew sign language, we would be able to handle this already. So just saying. But you are getting a little gold bar at the bottom of your screen. Maybe it's the volume issue. Yeah. Just raise up that volume, baby. All right. Uh, Eric, are you here? I am here. I'm, I'm just talking today, but we're okay. Okay. We won't put you on the spot. Yeah. But uh, well, um, you know, I, uh, we started talking about this at the beginning of the show and, and, um, I'm thinking about, you know, what, what I said at that point was that as human beings and living creatures, really, we generalize to try to make sense out of stuff. And I, and I have an ongoing, um, confusion about how to deal with my neighbor across the street who was flying a Confederate battle flag when I moved here and, um, has proved to be a wonderful neighbor. Maybe the best neighbor I've ever had. And yet he generalizes, uh, against other groups of people. Yeah. And, and so, um, I watched the process. Now recently he said to me, uh, that people are peeing in the street in San Diego and in New York, and this is just fine with the authorities. And I said, having lived in both of these places, I said, that's preposterous. It's ridiculous. He says, no, no, no, it's true. Um, he has an image in his mind of people who live in New York and people who live in California, a whole set of generalizations of these debauched humans. Um, I think you're raising a really good point. Like a label is just what we title a generalization, but you could still have the generalization and not have the label before it and it can still be a dangerous thing. That's good. Like that generalization can still be dangerous even without the label. Right. The label is simply a name for the generalization. The generalization is the mindset, and that's what needs to be open. Like you need beautiful. Yeah. Yeah, I'm glad I'm, I'm really glad we're having this discussion because this, the, the issue of, you know, what do I want to do here? Let's say, um, I am finding that I am appreciating this person as a human being. I'm appreciating his good qualities and he does have them. And so how do I bring him along? You know, let's say, Yeah, it's not your responsibility to, how do I put this, change anyone's mind? It should be everyone's prerogative to have the best mindset possible to work with reality. And it's, it's, it's, it's, it's, it's, it's, it's, it's, it's, it's very, very beneficial to work with reality and, and, and you can't change anyone's mind and it's not your goal to change anyone's mind. The best thing that you should be willing to do is be willing to have, or, uh, understand what it means, what you need to do to have a reasonable conversation with people who might be operating under bias that's not beneficial and just say, Hey, why not work to a higher standard? Like if you can just ask the right questions and not put yourself in on one's mind, it picks all the weight off of you and gives you the opportunity to maybe catch maybe your own biases if you just really care about the best way of knowing true things and false things. So when I was that way, I remember being just miserable, a miserable person, helping them in that sense too. What's that? You do look happier now. I'll say that. Thanks. Because I remember being in that mindset of just believing everything I was told and I just hyper-fix it on every negative thing that came my way, you can really help this person. You said you know them personally and I think SE has helped me a lot personally and helped me build stronger and more humble relationships and friendships. One thing I like to do, if someone comes to me with a misconception like people are being in the streets in these two cities and you know it's not true, the first thing I ask them is, who told you that? Because then you don't know that's not true and it's a lie and you might want to consider the other things that they're telling you. I've only had them twice. I'm going to just say one thing because it's also SE, I love SE, but instead of being like who told you, ask them how did you find that out and if they give you a person, at least then they gave you a person but you're not begging the question that it was a person ahead of time. George, what do you got?  What do you got? Well, I'm sorry, this opens a whole Pandora's box. Oh my gosh. So I'm debating with myself whether to... We'll be here next week. Let me just put it this way. A good Lord wills Tyrone. Hey, even if he doesn't, I'm still here. This fellow has used the term fake news to me. And so this shows a little bit about where he's coming from. And I've been looking at the issue of the parallels between Donald Trump and Adolf Hitler. Oh my gosh. The methods that Trump is reusing that were successful for Hitler and one of them was attacking the press and accusing the press of spreading falsehoods, you see. And where this Pandora's box opens is that this gentleman's daughter happens to be a newspaper reporter. She went to J school. So she's got a degree in it. She's worked for at least two papers. And so when Trump says that the press is the enemy of the people he's actually talking about this guy's daughter. Yeah. And so, yeah, okay. Here's a label. The press, you know. But George, we'll get into this more for sure. No doubt. And don't forget. I definitely want to talk about the news someday. We've got four months. We've got four or five-ish months before we can vote again. But J.W., what's your three labels that you hold to high-ski? So three labels that I hold to high-standard. Well, abstract activist has some really great ones. I do. I do. Truth. Truth and love. Knowledge. I mean, I'm a lyricist that I write poetry. So it's hard to kind of like, yeah, ask me like what... I gave you so much time to think about this, J.W., what do you got? Give me something. This is like third time. Knowledge. Oh, okay. Knowledge. Hope. Hope. Whoa, look at this guy. I love hope. I love hope. I don't know what I'd do without that word. Hope and strength. Okay. What's hope? I think hope is like the most passionate one for you. What is hope? Hope is kind of like faith. I think they're in the same family terms. It's... I'm not... Tomorrow's not here or next year isn't here, but I'm going to keep working and keep doing things in hope that things will get better and continue to get better and in hope that I will, you know, be strong enough and cognitively aware enough and strong enough to, you know, complete my goals and all that. Goals are a good one too. Not to put my own label on this, but I can tell you how I'm interpreting it. It sounds like hope is just intellectually honest faith. Yeah, or I was going to say faith plus reason. Faith plus reasoning. Faith plus glasses. You know, you could say it's a mental exercise to buoy up your spirit toward the future. Right. Yes. Spirit's a good one too. Love spirit. Okay. Okay. Do we get everybody? Oh, I can do mine real quick. I would love... I think my number one is doubt. And the thing is, you're Nathan, your favorite is truth. And there's no... Probably. There's no greater ally. There's no greater tangible ally for truth than doubt. If there is an army of truth, doubt is the vanguard, the general, the infantry, everything, like the tip of every sphere. Doubt is there in service of truth. They're not at odds with each other. Absolutely. Doubt is always working for truth. And because of that, it's important to realize how much we need to rely on doubt, because it seems like it's the easiest thing. The first thing people are willing to dismiss when they come into an unknown situation. They're like, oh, I'm doubtful, but who cares? Or maybe... It's better. Well, Wombat is doubt. Doubt... The opposite of faith. I think that's the opposite of confidence. Yeah. Yeah. Doubt is the thing that I'm always appealing to. Getting a bakery. Doubt is always the thing I'm appealing to when somebody... And I have a disagreement about what the word truth means. I appeal to what we positively know is false. Yeah. To help me course correct our similar definition of what the truth is. Yeah. Yeah. So it's possible that some of my beliefs are not true, and that's what leads me to believe things are true. Exactly. Yeah. That's the thing that's going to break the chains to help you get to truth. And you need to have that. And the funniest thing is it gets no credit whatsoever. It doesn't ask for credit either. It's just this amazing... It's this amazing sensation of... Not now. Or I don't think you can fight that. Or maybe that's one drink too many. All these things are in the service of helping you be a better person. Doubt is always work and help you be better. You can always have too much doubt. That's true. But, you know, it's always in your interest. It's always working the trend. Like, that's the guy that's like, you should punch that dude and then try to become president and then put these people in cages. Like, that's never doing that. I've had pens made up to hand out for the Atheist Society of Knoxville. And they say on the side, it says, your doubt is not Satan tempting you. It's reality trying to emerge and set you free. Right. You can set all those words on a pen. I want one of those pens, please. That's very good. Also, you'll never see the love, health, and happiness, those three-word mantras. You'll never see doubt in any of those like, bedroom mantras. I might want to make one. Yeah, because it doesn't feel good. Why not? It should. It should. That could be like, whoa, you just protect me. That's the guy who's like, oh, hey, hold that. Hold back, hold back. The word skeptic. I have questions. I've got questions. Yeah. Skepticism comes to my mind, you know? Yeah. It could be distinguished from cynicism. Oh, very good. Which a lot of many people can say. Yeah. I also like science as a term. And then maybe wealth would probably be the next one, only in the sense that a lot of people don't understand. We don't teach financial responsibility in school. And I think if we did, a lot of things would change both on how we see the world objectively, how we understand politics, like how we can like reframe for marginalizing people and being like in a healthier society. If we just understand, you know, what wealth is versus like, I have a lot of money. It's like, so what? You have a lot of debt too. You got to balance that out, Bobby. All right. All right. All right.  But when you see Bill Gates wearing like goodwill glasses and a sweater, it's like, that's wealth. Like there's a difference here. He lives in a cabin in the woods. You're bankrupt than your third mansion. There's a difference here. All right. How about Donald Trump with a huge building that's just got bling all over it? Yeah. We can get into it. We can get into it. Maybe we should just have one back presidential bash. Hopefully we do this after November though. Like, or else I just won't be in the mood. All right. There's the love. Good top of the hour now. Yeah. We're at the top of the hour. I'm trying to end the show. Dread Pirate World can find you. Where can we find you, buddy? Well, you can find me on mine pirate on YouTube. This show right now is being live streamed. Nice. And then it'll be saved. And it'll be there for you to watch, you know, late night in popcorn. Very cool. Very Canadian. Well said. J.W. Where can we find you? We have two YouTube channels and two Twitter Twitter accounts. The J.W. Kennedy to a YouTube and Twitter and speak your beautiful mind. YouTube and Twitter. Nice. Content coming soon. The comedy clubs are opening up here in the Nashville area. Slowly but surely. So J.W. Kennedy, that channel is going to have something very soon. Hopefully.  Where can we find you? Yo, you can find me on YouTube. I've got under abstract activist. S.E. Also on Twitter at abstract abstract underscore S.E. Nice. Very cool. That are five. George, I'm not skipping you. How about this, George? What's the song or something we should check out in the next week? I have nothing out there. All right. Yeah. That are five. Okay. Feel free to close up the show. I'm Let's Chat. We can see you next week. You can find me on Twitter at five minute chat. All right. Go for it. Okay. I do have a book out there. It's called atheism. What's it all about? It's on Amazon. Be sure to visit my blog. Digital Freethought.com. Click on the blog button. It has all of our shows, our archives, atheists on many articles. You can also send questions to this show by writing to AskAnAtheist at KnoxvilleAtheist.org. We'll answer them in future shows. I also like to tell you that we have our podcasts on podcast. Everything. Com, iTunes, Stitcher, Luminary, iHeart, all over a place.  The time to worry about it. They prove that heavens and hells and souls are real. Until then, don't sweat it. Enjoy your life. We'll see you next week right here on WOZO Radio 103.9 off BFM Wednesdays at 7 o'clock. So we'll see you next week. Say bye everybody. Bye everybody. Bye. Stay rational. Goodbye. Goodbye.


Within this library, you will find all sorts, like suitcases and letters and foreign exports. I collect every item of lost property and add each one to my inventory. All bottled, all stumped and all labelled to find in the lost property library for all humankind. This is the story of the Lost Pocket Watch. Mr Theodore Thistlebottom of 164 Giggleswick Grove was on his way to the airport to visit his family. He boarded a train, but when he sat down, a gust of wind threw his ticket out of the window. No! As he arrived at the airport, he boarded his flight just in time. On takeoff at precisely one minute to eleven AM, Mr Theodore's Pocket Watch flew out of the window, falling through the clouds. No! But luckily for Theodore, at that exact moment, the Pocket Watch landed on a giant trampoline. Boom! It flew into the air and into the nearby pillow factory, landing exactly into one of the fluffiest pillows. Now, this is where I come in, because I, the next day, was on my way to the shop to buy me a new pillow.  And when I woke up in the morning, I found something hard and lumpy inside. And that is how I came to be in possession of the Lost Pocket Watch. And a big thank you to New Breerley School for helping me tell this story and adding it to the Lost Property Library.


People who work together for a common sense of value are more than twice as effective as those who do the same work as individuals. We learned it in the family, but were culturally redirected to enter into conflict and competition for what we can value, with contests to determine who got the benefit. We also examined the expansion of the culture level damages when we shifted from family to corporate business applications. We established and maintained a form of corporate feudalism that was in sacredist development with establishment of a corporate feudalism in government. Privilege in government is quite comfortable supporting privilege in business, and it fits nicely with the recognition of privilege in other nations and other economies. It also supports institutionalized privilege in education, which has been quite effective in teaching the value of privilege in leadership. Privilege suffered a challenge in early America, and that was the value of freedom. The commoners were not peasants, the more that leaders in government and business tried to treat them inappropriately, the greater the challenge. It erupted in the form of scientific management, the intrusion of a performance-based alternative approach that teamed workers in management to get valued result. It was reality intruding into privilege. It forced a rebalance to accommodate the wonderful potentials for corporate performance. Even privilege could not deny the results. Privilege was able to quarantine it, but every attempt to harness it under the authority of privilege damaged performance results. We are now witnessing in this study how performance is again able to escape the bonds that privilege would put upon it. In this land, we are born free, and every attempt to teach us that contrary lesson can be answered effectively. It is answered in a way that denies privileged rule. It is by people coming together to accomplish what people value. We have natural unity in the family, with members acting for the welfare and benefit of family members. We have enforced unity in the production group, with workers and foremen seeking value in terms of productive output. The tools used to empower the performance team in a production group were expanded and reapplied to accomplish performance of corporate management. We have looked at the same performance tools for application to whole businesses, teaming those who operate the businesses for the productive purpose that initiates and continues larger corporate efforts, and the performance potentials are painfully obvious. We common people are the ultimate owners of our nation and of our economy, and we value accomplishments that come to us far more than we value supporting the privilege of leaders. Whenever, however, and wherever we come to seek what we value as people, we are the only real party in interest. There is no longer any us and them with leaders as they work for us if they want to stay in leadership. There is no other purpose, no public threat, that can authorize leaders to do something else at our expense. The true potency of being human is not an authority of one person over another. When it comes to value based on agreements, those who would lead are also humans. They are also us. They will not be fully a part of us unless they share in our corporate purpose. The empowerment accomplished in this course of study addresses those results we commonly value and what it costs us to gain them. It brings us together for the purpose of owning and operating our nation, our economy, and the many corporate government units that can be directed to work on our behalf. It even addresses our personal performance options, noting that we are empowered as units where we choose to approach ourselves as divided parts in competition with each other for mastery. We disempower ourselves. There is no us inside a human being and they're a very concept of multiple personalities competing to operate a human and recognize it as a mental disease. There is no conflict within us unless we create it. There are only those ongoing challenges or decisions on which opportunity or direction we might choose. You are the one who has your own purpose and your own potentials and your own knowledge and you only get to do things, to accomplish things as a unit.   You are the one who commits yourself to the pursuits that seem best to you considering your own health, welfare, freedom, prosperity, and trust relationships with others. And then you are also the unit, the singularity of human existence that can enter into relationship with other human beings.  And they likewise have knowledge of the decisions you will make because you are human like they are. They know they share with you in valuing their freedoms, their value in having real choices that have real consequences. They know that you will also value being independent in your decisions, acting with your own understandings and expectations. They know they share with you in valuing their prosperity, their economic choices in committing their time and effort, prosperity and economic choices, providing them options in not only what they choose to do, but in what comes to them from their commitments. They know that they share with you in valuing the trust relations they form with others. They know how being trustworthy is valued by others because they value the trust they can have in others also. The empowerment available in this course carries this same sense of value onward by encapsulating and delivering it as workable and supporting knowledge of humanity. It provides technical support for you at honing your own sense of expectation to optimize your personal accomplishments. It does this through both a good working perspective of value relations and a number of efficient and effective tools and techniques for harvesting the greatest value from what you choose to do. It provides the expansion of what we know of human performance to address the performance of people. In this, it also identifies what has been denied us, the promoted isolation of the person. It examines the costs of competitive living as isolated units, a lesson that would deny our potency as either a person or as a people. It exposes how we have been taught to avoid our true empowerment and accept the tyranny of subservience to a special people who are empowered to exercise freedom and choice on our behalf. What you receive in this course is recognition of your natural internal unity. It includes your ability to promote and enhance your own freedom by enhancing the freedom of those about you. It includes your ability to promote and enhance your own prosperity by supporting the prosperity of all who deal with you. It is how to live among a prosperous people. It includes your ability to trust in others, to recognize and honor the human wants and needs of others as a way to present your own worthiness of trust. The very purpose of this study is to see that you, as a unit of humanity, are the center of it all, but you can only be that center where you find the same center of humanity in other humans, for that is how we are empowered. You may accomplish great things, but these are likely to be limited to what you initiate, what you invent, and the artwork you do. You will share an accomplishment of great things through your coordinated efforts with others who are like you in their humanity. The picture is a teenager talking to the angry-looking father of his date. Well, sir, I suppose my intentions toward your daughter are much like yours were when you first dated her mother.  Yet obvious in application. In our competitive culture, human trust is a confusion and usually considered disturbing. Privilege demands trust and often disappoints because the leader who comes into privilege then seeks self-assigned goals and objectives. Performance starts with being trustworthy by being true to yourself. A large of what we know as the basis for trust is in expecting consistency in people. Those who come together with others to accomplish what they all can value are generally worthy of trust because they seek a commonly valued end result. It is through being together in their efforts that success is best assured. It is the same lesson learned in the human family. There is a high level of trust in the family that is focused on taking care of family members. Our production group takes advantage of this same understanding that those who earn their pay can be brought together in coordinated efforts. Each can trust the other to do what earns that pay and it just gets better if they all work to the same productive purpose. Our history is written in terms of splits, divisions, conflicts, competitions and the damages of war. It is written of people only coming together to compete. The sharper the competition, the more the damaging conflict is touted as some sort of heroic act or advancement. Even the history of the Christian faith is written in its splits and divisions instead of the successes or failures of what it accomplishes. And yet it is right before us all the time. I can trust you to be human, to seek for your own freedom, prosperity and trust based human interactions. You can trust me to do the same. What this course of study adds is the understanding that you can best accomplish these when you come together with others to see to their increase. There is no less effective way to gain freedom than to try and take it from someone else. There is no less effective way to seek prosperity than to deny it to others. There is no greater insanity than seeking the trust of others by being untrustworthy toward them. Conflict and competition create drama, entertainment. These prevent accomplishment. We readily come into conflict when we try to overcome others where us gets to deny them. It prevents accomplishment. We both seek personal freedom, prosperity and trust relations. Male-female conflicts. We all seek the same freedom, prosperity and trust relations. Generational conflicts, just more of the same. Your own performance capacity is not found in what you do, but in what you accomplish. This is that cross-culture understanding that is so hard for those who have not received performance orientation. It is also opportunity for those who are divided against themselves and others will not be able to deny performance. While privilege feels compelled to challenge performance, it has not been successful in doing so. It is also worthwhile to address educational accomplishment. Consider that you have, in your passage through this course, learned to see the essentials of performance in terms of the engineering black box. In every situation you are confronted with this tool of visualization, with its known and honored focus on the essentials of performance. That essential was your personal essentials of input, output and a conversion process that receives the inputs and delivers the outputs. But there was even more and it was the inclusion of the customer connected to the performance process by a performance cycle. It was a value cycle where the customer was delivered the output from the black box and had a purchase decision. It was the customer decision that controlled the success of the performance cycle. If the customer did not receive and value a product, there was no income to sustain the black box. I do not have to draw this black box for you to see it. It has become a part of you, your personal tool for addressing how we get things done as human beings. As in all things that we learn to apply, you effectively own the tool of visualization. It is your personal property. As the owner, you have the choices to apply it whenever and wherever and however it seems most important or effective to you. It is a potent personal addition to your understanding of the world that we all live in. I am able to proclaim to you that you have the freedom to apply this tool as you choose and when you choose to do so. It is purely your choice and it takes nothing of value from anyone else. Only parents get to make decisions on the things for you and even their ability to do so ends when you become an effective adult member of humanity. This intellectual tool for visualizing performance is truly yours. The essentials for what you decide to accomplish are in terms of what comes to you and what you must put in to yourself in order to gain it. The decision of others are not part of the diagram. That is the key. Such decisions of others are inside the box where they will not distract you from performance and you no longer need to draw the image to see it. You can see the lines of waste that spill from the performance cycle. That too is part of what you see whenever you look for performance. You have a way to see the value that does not flow to you and the value that is required of you that does not become effective input for what you receive. In this you have been given a tool to see the opportunities that we all have to improve human performance through eliminating waste. You even have a chance to look at this course of study and evaluate how much time and effort it has required from you to gain these perspectives. You can see even in your mind's eye the performance cycle that has provided you and others who take this course with a vision that has potential value for you to receive. It is your time expended and the value gained is yours. You can see elements of this course that might not serve your needs and have some understanding of the time that was required of you to gain what you do not now value. That is part of life and it is part of humanity. Much of what we do is not going to be concentrated on what we immediately value. But even then this tool will be there for you whenever you choose to apply it. It is most certainly and most effectively yours. Beyond even this, any future use of this tool is speculative. None of us really knows what will happen in the future. What if you never have any use for it? Will all this time and effort be a waste? The wonderful answer is true value. I give you that ultimate orientation and value statement, the choice is yours. So what about investment? Can you approach the new understanding of investment as a working tool? The answer is in comparison of your understanding before and after taking this course. Our culture would severely limit our understanding of investment to what old people do with what they earn and what professionals do within the stock and bond markets. It is a subject to be avoided for student aged people. They have enough of a challenge learning how to do things that will earn them enough income to live on. Investment is avoided. It isn't how to do things. What you get in this class as to investment is not really new to you. It is not something new for you to accomplish. It is a way to apply the black box lessons to a whole new purpose and effect. It addresses potentials for valuation of different outcomes from a performance cycle. It addresses ownership in your own future, things to be accomplished and valued in the future that you can buy today. Engaging in this course, your personal commitment of your valuable time and attention is expending what you have and rightfully value. You have every right to expect good value in return, value that you can both receive and enjoy. It is like the value of the black box as a performance tool. The investment has been significant but the value of owning this tool stays with you. In a like sense, you have probably received a new focus on your personal investment and the potentials and empowerment that come with approaching life as an investment that you can manage and use for whatever purpose seems most appropriate to you. Value, the choice is yours. And again, there really is nothing new in this, nothing but approaching it as a tool for accomplishment instead of the right thing to do with what you earn. It is not new except in your ability to see how this expands your potentials. What is probably new is the focus on results and the immediacy of your application. Investment is not to be limited to earnings, it is about what you value, even your ownership of yourself. Investment is not some esoteric study of the markets for professional traders, it is what you do every day with who you are. This course of study is designed to present you with that most wonderful understanding that it is truly all about you. It is about your everyday commitments to act or refrain from action, your decisions to evaluate the probable outcome of your commitments with greater reliability and to estimate what gaining results will cost you as a person. This is a wake up call.  As stated up front, the purpose for this course is your empowerment, it is human ability to get things done. In your role as students, it is that marvelous opportunity to invest in yourself, in your own future capacity. And that is a far greater purpose than learning how to do things that can earn you income as an adult. The deeper lesson is the potency of humanity, learning to see how incredible your commitments can be when it comes to human accomplishment. And it does not matter if you are more capable or not, what matters is that it is your choice and you are free to choose empowerment in effect or choose to commit to some other effort like increasing income. You learn that the choices are yours and you are empowered to make the best of whatever is available to you. That is true empowerment.  You spend what you have through purchase decisions, through commitments of your time and effort and other things you have to gain what you value. In that sense you are a miniature economy of one person. You have your own value cycle with human civilization. The performance of civilization as it relates to you is that you put yourself in in order to gain what you both receive and value. The product of civilization is whatever comes from it to you that you value. That may be of even greater importance. Humanity only does what people do. We are all there is that makes up humanity. We are also its divisions such as nations or cities or neighborhoods. And in all of this value is only generated when people generate something that other people value. The rest of our performance efforts are waste. We bring the concept of performance and our human value cycle together to find the most empowering sense of human performance. It is both very personal and also general. It is that humanity functions best when we direct our efforts to where they generate and provide what other people can receive and value. If your efforts do not generate what other people can receive and value then your efforts are waste. Those who get a living from nonproductive efforts, living on performance of other people add little to human performance. The leader who would rule over others largely creates waste, not only by personal actions but by the way they interact with others. The business leader who works to his or her own purposes instead of the performance purpose of the business creates waste. The same is true of political leaders who would rule and regulate instead of serving other people. You are not in any position as an individual to redirect these people. That requires ownership. What you are in charge of is your own time and effort, your personal investment in what has value to you. It may come from being in charge of things or from taking part with others or even from your own artistic endeavors. You are in charge of yourself and you can choose to invest most where you expect the best return on what you invest. It can be a return in terms of quality of life. It can be a return in the value of sharing your life and a family. It can be a return in desirable interaction with others. It can be the accumulation of what you value as a holder. For students, your investments are also likely to favor return in value to yourself and others. It is value in what you learn and the personal strengths, abilities and skills that you are able to further develop. Such self-investments are likely to be especially advantageous in your teenage years where you are already investing heavily in this direction. What you gain as to improving your potency is likely to serve you well into the future. Consider that empowerment through gaining a performance orientation allows you to optimize the return of value that is available from committing your time and effort to this study. The very purpose is one of supporting your future investments, assuring that you harvest good value from where you choose to commit your time, effort and personal focus. It does this through orientation, not through promoting preferred decisions. It achieves its purpose when it supports you in your choices. It achieves this by helping you see what you can achieve that has been hidden from you with tools to evaluate what it will cost you to proceed. Are we asleep? Have we been unconscious of our own potentials being offered only isolation and competition in directions for our commitments? Has this study brought you to a new awareness of your human potentials? We have gone far beyond just your individual investment, which is awesome all by itself. We have also recognized that our humanity empowers us socially as well as personally. Most of what we accomplish will be through coordinated efforts undertaken with others, for that is where things get done. We have learned to focus more fully upon potentials in shared efforts, with what we accomplish as things that many people can value. We have learned to see those human potentials and how it can bring a gathering of people to be the voice of the people, the owner, setting things in motion based on what people value. This is a greater source of value, greater empowerment. Your ability to do things is not limited to what you can do as an individual. The limit is in what people can do working together for what we all value. The way to harvest that is now severely limited by our cultural orientation and education. It is limited when we are taught to isolate ourselves, to seek out divisions and enter into competitive arrangements. It is limited when we focus on us and them actions. It is enhanced, though, through focus on our humanity, on our being humanity together and on our inability to get ahead by overcoming them, where we go as a people, we go together. To become empowered is to learn to honor all human beings and what we share, even if those others are not able to grant honor and return. If we are to get things done, it will involve enlisting them too. We become empowered as we are able to empower others through our dealings with them. This is not based on contest, but on helping others find that unity for themselves, helping them accomplish because of interacting with you. It is not just you who become empowered through the lessons in this study, but you who empowers those around you. You become more valuable to others by helping them see those areas where they can agree on the value both of you seek. It is not what you do that empowers you, it is what you accomplish by what you do. And you accomplish most when you are able to honor others and are able to aid them in their contributions to what you jointly value. Your ability to come to unity within yourself just adds to this. Even though you may be confused or uncertain in your actions, there is that reality of you as a unit. It is your refusal to align against yourself that makes you personally effective. Empowerment comes through eliminating waste rather than improving what you do. It comes from your own search for what you value, refusing to spend a lot of time and energy in internal contests and attempts to overcome yourself. Empowerment comes through eliminating waste rather than bettering others. It is not overcoming other people that empowers, but finding such focus on what has value to all. Empowerment comes through eliminating waste rather than taking sides on social and political issues. It comes with focus on results to be achieved that all can value. There is a cost to this, a human cost. It is a cost in terms of overcoming our own ownership in what we have learned to do in the past, things that do not work very well. It is a conscious self-management based on finding your own empowerment. By education, orientation, and experience, I am a performance engineer. My greatest value is found in providing technical support to those who have things to accomplish through the efforts of others. The assembly and presentation of this course is a contribution, technical support, for your ongoing and later accomplishments. It is for you as the one who has things to accomplish through investing wisely in your own empowerment. The tools presented to you in this course are technical support for your empowerment. They are presented as useful for getting things done, but that is not their real value. The value for you is that you have the choice to use them or set them aside. That is personal power, personal freedom. Value is to be consciously yours with options in what you seek to accomplish and options in what you might commit to, any effort that can help to determine whether it gets accomplished. The value is knowing that your efforts can be combined with those of others through such agreement that they will also join in the effort. As a teaming observation, I can only be a success in presenting this course as you are empowered. What is the value, a most human value that we share?


The available epidemiological literature suggests that there may be a link between exposure to certain types of waste management activities and adverse health outcomes. However, the quality of the data is often insufficient to draw definitive conclusions. There is limited evidence of an association between exposure to landfills and congenital anomalies and low birth weight, while there is also limited evidence of an association between exposure to incinerators and increased risk of cancer. This article was authored by Lazarino Antonio I, Milani Simona, Porta Daniela, and others.


Hello everyone, bonjour à tous. Happy International Youth Day. Today we celebrate young people, your power, your potential and your dreams. Everywhere we go, we meet young people who are following their passions and making a difference in the world.  You are all leaders in your own right, so as you make your way through this world make sure you listen to your intuition, your inner voice and your heart. Pay attention to what matters most to you, what lights you up and question the people, the TV shows, the social media commentaries, whatever it is that hurts you or makes you doubt your own self-worth. How do you see yourself making positive change? What's your vision for your community and our world? We want to make sure you have the tools you need to make a difference where it matters to you. We also know that being young isn't easy, we've been there, right? It's so important to take care of yourself. You know when I told my story, I felt vulnerable, but it was part of my road to recovery. So be vulnerable, be real, share your stories and your struggles because you could save yourself or someone else in the process. Thank you from Sophie and me for everything you do to bring positive change to our world. We're in this together and finding our ways of making a difference. So support each other, be bold and dream big.


Harry Chapman, welcom to Bradford City, two-year deal signed. How's it feel to be here? Delayed. It was quite a while on the pipeline and once I came here and looked around and spoke to the gaffer, I knew it was going to be my home for the next two years. What was it that drew you mainly? You spoke about obviously coming here and taking in your surroundings, speaking to Mark Hughes, a person who I'm presuming you're familiar with coming from Blackburn Rovers as well. What drew me was obviously the gaffer who he is and his stature, what he'd done in the game and where he played and the position he played, he's similar to me so I thought I could learn a lot from him and then when I came here and spoke to him about his ambitions for the club it was something that I would like to jump on board on and ride the wave with him. Talk to us a little bit about yourself as a player, what can people come to expect from you? What are you like? Exciting. Quick. I like to take people on. Hopefully I can get you out of your seat and then touch her to show me now. And what about your career thus far like we said, play for Blackburn, had a few loan spells burned out being last season and a roundabout at different times, what have you taken from it so far, still only 24? It's all been good. I've worked under so many different managers and been at so many different environments with different cultures so it's all been good, it's all been learning. It's not really happened for me yet in terms of my career kicking off but hopefully this is the place for it to start. You spoke about the manager and how he drew you here in ways. What have those conversations been like at an early stage that filled you with encouragement ahead of the season? Yeah, definitely. Like I said before, his ambitions for the club and where he wants to take them is massive and I'm here because I think I can help take them there and help the team out as best I can. Obviously he speaks really well, he's played at such a high level so he knows what he's talking about and he was a big reason for me coming here. In terms of that experience, you carry plenty in the AFL but at levels above here like you mentioned at Blackburn and Burton, I'll be in league one championship sort of level. Do you think that all bringing you in here come with a lot of positives from you, you come with experience at high levels and able to play in different positions and different things like that? Yeah, I think so. I've played in a variety of different positions and I think I'm best on the wing or just in behind the striker. Playing at a high level would surely benefit the team in any way so I'm really excited to start now. Mention the supporters a little bit close to 13,000 season tickets already sold ahead of the new season. How much excitement does that fill you with as a player who wants to be playing in front of big crowds no doubt and entertaining people showing them what you can do? I guess that's something you're really looking forward to. Yeah, obviously 13,000 season tickets already is amazing and obviously there'll be plenty more by time the season starts and I can't wait for either them raw when we walk out on the first game of season. What kind of a person are you with regards to supporters when you're talking about having them roaring and chanting your name? Is that the kind of thing you thrive off that pressure and that expectation out here in front of big crowds and people getting behind you? Is that the kind of thing you're well-ish? Yeah, I do on the pitch, off the pitch I'm quite quiet and keep myself to myself. People say I'm moody but that's just the way I am. I look moody but I'm not. As you get to know me, I'll come out and show a bit more as people are doing. So that's me in a nutshell really. You spoke about those ambitions that have been fed down to you from the gaffer coming in here and what we want to achieve as a club. How clear has that been made to you and how excited does it make you ahead of next season and the season after in terms of what we can achieve, what we want to achieve? Really excited. That's the majority of the conversations I've been about was ambitions for the club. He wants to take the club places where they've not been for a couple of years and his own word was sleep and giant, which Bradford City is. Obviously they're a massive club, massive fan base and they need to get back up to the leagues to where they belong.