The Will of Dee is one of One Piece's greatest mysteries. Those who carry the Dee initial in their names tend to be at the centre of massive, world-shaking events. They're also known to be the enemies of the gods, while also said to have a checkered fate. This mystery becomes even greater when you consider the fact that Dee bearers come in all shapes and sizes. And while we wait for the reveal of the truth behind the Will of Dee, let's take a look at all the known characters confirmed to carry this initial, starting with the series' protagonist, Monkey Dee Luffy, and the current youngest known carrier of this Dee initial. Luffy arguably embodies the Will of Dee when talking about being at the centre of world-shaking events. Possibly more so than anyone seen on this list. Luffy declared war on the entire world government by burning down their flag at Enneus Lobby, defeating CP9 with his crew to take Nico Robin back. At Saobodi Archipelago, Luffy punched a celestial dragon, these figures who were considered untouchable, and thus his assault on Chalos being enough for the Navy to send one of the powerful and high-ranking members, Admiral Kizoru. He then infiltrated and escaped Impel Down, freeing some of the world's most dangerous criminals to then take centre stage at the Marineford War. On top of all of these, Luffy took down three of the seven warlords of the sea, defeating Crocodile, Gecko Moria, and Don Quixote de Flamingo. Luffy also led an alliance that ended the reign of two of the most powerful pirates in history, Kaido and Big Mom. Because of his actions, Luffy was assigned a bounty of 3 billion berries by the world government, and is considered one of the four most powerful pirates in the series known as the Yonko, with his now-awakened devil fruit and his ever-growing influence. This surely makes Monkey-D Luffy the most prominent of all the dees. 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And I also really appreciate that Call of Dragons automatically translates other players' messages into your native language so that there's no barrier for our alliance. So what are you waiting for? Download Call of Dragons from the link in the description below, and if you can, join my Alliance Joy Girl. Every download on your PC helps this channel, so make sure to download and start playing now. Going from the youngest to the earliest carrier of the D-initial that we know of, is Nefertari D. Lily. Lily was the queen of the Arrabasta Kingdom during the Void Century, and a part of the 20 monarchs that founded the world government. However, for a yet unknown reason, Lily refused to become a world noble. Being one of the most impactful moments in history in terms of world-shaking events, Lily was responsible for scattering the pornoglyphs around the world, which holds the key to uncovering the world's secrets. After her refusal to become a world noble and move to Marijua, Lily was set to return to her home country, but mysteriously disappeared, but not before penning a letter and passing it down for generations of her family to come, telling them to protect the scattered pornoglyphs. Lily's descendants would continue to rule Arrabasta, with the last known ruler being Nefertari D. Cobra. Cobra was a kind and great king who deeply cared for his kingdom and its people. However, his reign witnessed a rebellion from its citizens due to the manipulation by former Warlord Crocodile in his attempt to take over the country until Luffy, along with his crew, stopped his plan. Cobra met his unfortunate end at the hands of Imu and the Gorasei in order to silence him after he asked what happened to Lily and also the true meaning behind the D. But not before saving Luffy's brother Sabo and asking him to tell both Luffy and Vivi that the Nefertari family actually bears the initial D in their name. Cobra's death means that Nefertari D. Vivi is the last known member of the Nefertari family, making her the sole representative of the Nefertaris among the D clan members. Vivi is the current princess of Arrabasta, an honorary member of the Straw Hat Pirates joining the crew in their journey from Reverse Mountain to the Arrabasta Kingdom. Vivi deeply cares for Arrabasta, and prior to meeting the Straw Hat, infiltrated the criminal organization Baroque Works for a couple of years in order to protect her kingdom. Vivi is currently unaware of her identity as a D clan member, but her future involvement in the story as a D holder is certainly shaping up to be a big one. Next up is Podcast D. Ace. Ace's connection to the biggest names in history is a work of wonders. He is the biological son of the late pirate king, adoptive son of Whitebeard, and was the Yonko's second division commander. Ace's adoptive grandfather is the hero of the Marines, as well as being sworn brother to the Revolutionary Army, second in command, Sabo, and of course, Monkey D. Luffy. Before Ace was born, Roger entrusted his Marine rival Garb to watch over his son on his behalf, and when he was born, Ace was given the name Goldy Ace by his mother. However, Ace himself instead chose to take on her name as a show of gratitude for her sacrifice. Ace was quick to rise as a pirate, forming his own crew, the Spade Pirates, challenging other powerful crews, proving his strength by fighting Jinbei to a tie for five days, and even refused an invitation to join the Seven Warlords of the Sea until he eventually joined the Whitebeard Pirates, proving his might once again, rising quickly to the ranks to become the crew's second division commander, and his overall reputation earned him a bounty of 550,000 berry. Ace fought and lost to another holder of the D-initial, Blackbeard, in an event dubbed the Jewel on Banaro Island, which resulted in his capture and served as the catalyst for the Marineford War. Ace was a well-known pirate who met his unfortunate end at Marineford, where he was killed by then-Admiral Akainu, while protecting his younger brother. Like all the Dees who came before him, Ace died with a smile on his face. However, his death is unique in a way that, out of all the deceased D-Clan members, Ace was the only one whose death was shown to occur in the present rather than by way of a flashback. Ace is also unique in the sense that he's the only known individual who is parented by two D-Clan members. The man who defeated Ace, Marshal D. Teach, aka Blackbeard, is the captain of the Blackbeard Pirates. But prior to this, he too was a member of the Whitebeard Pirates. Since forming his own crew, Blackbeard has become a part of the worst generation, a former Warlord of the Sea, and is now considered to be one of the four emperors of the sea by virtue of being the ultimate opportunist, making him the only known D-member to hold the title of both Warlord and Emperor. Even among those who hold the D-initial, Blackbeard is unique in many ways. As one of the series' primary antagonists, Blackbeard is continuously found on the opposing side of other D-Clan members, fighting the likes of Luffy, Ace, Lore, and even entered into a conflict with Dragon when he and his crew raided the Revolutionary Army's base at Boltigo. He is also different from the other D-initial holders, being the only one to show fear of death, as well as being amoral, disloyal, and nihilistic. In terms of power, Blackbeard is the only one seen to hold the powers of two devil fruits, being the bearer of the Yummy Yummy No Mi, as well as the current holder of the late Whitebeard's destructive devil fruit, the Guraguro No Mi. Blackbeard is the first D-Clan holder on this list that shows that not all D-Clan members are the same, and demonstrating that these come in all shapes and sizes. Next up is Jaguar D-Soul. Jaguar D-Soul is a former Marine vice admiral and a giant, and although he is said that everyone in his clan has the D in their names, he's the only giant to be confirmed in the series so far to carry this initial, while Lily was the earliest D-holder. Soul is currently the oldest known bearer of this initial, being over 100 years old. During his time as a Marine, Soul encountered and captured Niko Olvia, who was searching for the mysterious and forbidden polyglyphs, along with the other archaeologists of Ohara. After he was informed of the bust the call targeted at Ohara, Soul began doubting the world government and released Olvia. However, fate landed him at Ohara due to a shipwreck where he met and befriended Olvia's daughter Niko Robin and warned her of the incoming battleships of the Marines. During the destruction of Ohara, Soul protected Robin before being frozen by his friend and then vice admiral Kuzan. As he became enslaved in ice, Soul displayed a very D-like quality. Laughing and smiling as he encouraged Robin to escape. Believed to be dead, Soul is currently in hiding after he was recently revealed to be alive and led a group of giants to retrieve the books that the scholars had thrown to the lake in an attempt to save them from the fires of the bust the call. Thereby salvaging an important piece of history, becoming one of the biggest keys to uncovering the secrets of the world. From one former Marine to the best of them all, we have Monkey D. Garp. Garp is considered to be a living legend and one of, if not, the strongest Marine of all time. He was Roger's main rival out of the Marines and one of the very few people capable of fighting him. Garp was even said to have cornered the late pirate king multiple times throughout their careers. Garp also teamed up with Roger in what is now known as the God Valley Incident. Taking down the Rocks Pirates, arguably the strongest pirate crew in history captained by another D-Clan member in Rocks Dezabek and featured Whitebeard, Kaido, and Big Mom as well as many other legendary pirates. This feat earned Garp the title of hero of the Marines while sharing the great qualities that make D-Clan members stand out. Garp's Marine Association finds him on the opposing side of other D-Clan members, becoming one of Roger's biggest rivals and with being most of the D-Clan members being pirates including his own grandsons Luffy and Ace, in addition to his own son, Dragon, directly and actively opposing the world government out of all the current living bearers of the D-Initial. Garp is potentially the one who currently knows most about its history, having been involved in a number of situations with Goldie Roger. Garp's career as a Marine is filled with legendary tales yet to be fully revealed, but from what we know of its highlights, Garp is a D with a story to tell. Next up is Garp's son and Luffy's father, Monkey D. Dragon. Dragon is a leader of the Revolutionary Army and the man who is at the top of the world government's most wanted list being dubbed as the world's worst criminal. Dragon directly opposes the Celestial Dragons and his objective is to bring down the current system of the world government. The reason for his immense hatred of the world government is yet to be revealed, but his role as both a freedom fighter prior to then going on to form the Revolutionary Army definitely cements his status as an enemy of the gods. Dragon is tied to some of the most important events and characters not only being part of the Monkey D family but also such as being present at Goldie Rogers' execution and his friendship with Professor Clover and Dr. Vega Punk, not to mention all of the activities of the Revolutionary Army as a very mysterious individual who we have not seen very much of and yet boasting a fascinating backstory for his motivations as well as for his big role in the story to come, Monkey D. Dragon is definitely one to look out for. Next we have Trafalgar D. Waterlaw. Law is a member of the D clan who has hidden this fact for most of his life and still today only a select few people are aware of his true name. Despite this being kept secret, Law has definitely lived up to the D initial being involved with some of the most groundbreaking events in the world including most recently his role in the overthrow of two of the Yonko alongside his supernova captain's Monkey D. Luffy and Eustace Kidd as well as taking down the former Shichi Bukai with his fellow D clan member Luffy and in that sense quite literally opposing a former god in Doughlamingo. In addition to events like the Rocky Port incident which involved another D clan member Blackbeard and his role at the end of the Marineford War. Law also joins Blackbeard as a D clan member who has also been one of the Shichi Bukai. Law is also one of the very few D clan members who has expressed actual interest or even awareness of the special quality of his name. He's actively in search of the meaning of the will of D making up his mind to uncover the secret behind the so-called checkered fate. This search giving Law's character new purpose since taking down Doughlamingo to a bench Corazon as well as his legendary Devil Fruit, the Ope Ope No Mi which amongst other things is most well known for giving its user the ability to perform the immortality operation on another person giving that person eternal youth in exchange for the Devil Fruit user's own life. This makes Law a very interesting character who will continue to have relevance in the final saga. The D clan member who remains a great mystery and promises to be perhaps the greatest source of information for all the world secrets is Roxy Zabeck. Interestingly, Zabeck is another unique D clan member who has opposed other D clan members being the antagonist of the God Valley incident against Goldie Roger and Monkey D Gar. This legendary battle, however, Zabeck and God Valley have been expunged from history with the world government wishing to hide all traces of this individual who is said to have been researching the world's taboos while opposing the former pirate king and marine hero. Zabeck seems to have, however, influenced another D in Blackbeard whose ship is called the Saber of Zabeck. Blackbeard's current base, Hachinosu, is also the island where the legendary rocks pirates form and with the God Valley incident being one of the biggest events in the world's history, Zabeck's history of opposing the world government as well as his way in attracting followers, albeit for a yet unknown reason or methods. Zabeck is an individual who definitely exemplifies the characteristics of the D clan. Uncovering his true character in history may be the key to uncovering the meaning of the will of D, although it seems that he himself did not live to tell the tale. Another individual with the D initial who has unfortunately met her death is Portgas D. Rouge. Rouge is the mother of D clan member Portgas D. Ace and the lover of late pirate king and Ace's father, Goldie Roger. Rouge demonstrated her love for both men, managing to keep her pregnancy for a whole 20 months to ensure the survival of her unborn son out of sheer willpower. A fact that impressed Garb, whom she and Roger entrusted their child to, Garb agreeing to take care of Ace without revealing his true lineage, bringing us to last but certainly not least, the Goldie Roger, who is the only known carrier of the D initial to have known its true meaning. Roger is an individual who can definitely be said to have been at the center of the world's biggest events. Aside from his involvement in the God Valley incident, he has achieved many other great feats that has earned him this legendary status. Roger was assigned the highest bounty ever recorded for a pirate and along with his crew are said to be the only people to have completely explored the grand line and reach the mysterious island Laugh Tale, the man known to have reached the pinnacle of piracy. Roger will be known as to date the only pirate king in history with nothing left to achieve and being diagnosed with a fatal illness. Roger surrendered himself to the Marines and was sentenced for execution at his hometown Laugh Tale. His public execution was meant to be a warning to other pirates, but instead, Roger's final words gave birth to the new great era of piracy we know today. Once again, creating a world-shaking event signifying what it means to carry the will of D. Indeed, it was through the reveal of Goldie Roger's real name previously thought to be Gold Roger that we became aware of the will of D and the fact that there is a special meaning behind this initial and those who bear it. All these D-marked individuals who in one way or another have left deep imprints in history and will no doubt contribute to the unearthing of all the world's greatest mysteries. And there you have it, all of the currently known D-Clan members. And as the meaning of the will of D remains a secret, if you have any ideas on its true meaning then let me know by leaving a comment below. Don't forget to like and subscribe. Thank you for watching this video and thank you to all of our Patreon and channel members for your support. This is Joygirl and I'll see you again soon.


Hello friends, welcome back to the channel. Hope you're all doing great in today's video. We are going to be going over a Series 13 tier list. We did mention in our announcement video of the Series 13 rules that we would do a tier list. And here we are today, and excuse the hat, I've got bad hair today. I'm about to go for a run. So this is why we're wearing the Achcacham hat today. But yes, anyway, we got the rule set for Series 13. Exciting it is going to be mythical Pokemon. We haven't used them before, so it's very hype at the moment. I'm looking forward to it. And yeah, we've got all the information about the eligible Pokemon that we're going to be able to use in Series 13. This list here is compiled by Cerebi, but we know these Pokemon are obtainable in Sword and Shield, and we've put them into a nice tier list for us to rank today. So getting on to the tier list, I haven't played very much Series 13, but this is quite a good thing. You might be thinking, oh, if you haven't played, how can you tier these Pokemon? But I have played many times with mythical Pokemon in the past. So I am interested to see what my opinion is now, and then we'll do another tier list as Series 13 is more established. And we'll see what the comparisons are between that and see how close I was in my initial thoughts of how good these Pokemon were. So this sets up another video as well. Obviously, right now, we don't have the confirmation from Play Pokemon about this being the VG rule set for the 2022-2023 season, which is expected, right? We can all hope that it is the rule set going into the new season. But as always, rules and announcements aren't the kind of things that are announced very quickly. So we'll have to wait and see on that. I would presume we'll probably stick with Series 12. But as I say, we can hope Series 13 is the rule set to carry us through until Scarlet and Violet comes out. Anyway, getting on to this mythical tier list. We've got all the mythicals that are obtainable available in Series 13 and where are we going to rank them? So we're going to start off from the top. Mew is our first one. Now, Mew is a very interesting Pokemon, something very close to my heart. Personally, I do like it as a Pokemon. It has access to every single TM in existence, has some nice options of speed control, has recovery. You can even give it that iron defense, body press combination. If you want, it is an extremely flexible Pokemon. And for that, I think I would put it straight into tier A. This might be a big statement coming into it. Mew might not really be that impactful, but I think with how versatile it can be and the options that got available to us and with how bulky you can actually make it surprisingly bulky, I think it'll have a very big impact in the format once players start understanding and adapting it to their team. So A tier is where I'm going to sit Mew for this one right now. Anyway, we might change it as we go forward and put a few more in. But right now, Mew is going into that A slot. Next up is Celebi. So Celebi, I do love Celebi. I remember when Gold Silver came out, Celebi was the legend. We're mythical for that kind of version. And I do really like it. But unfortunately, I think it's a pretty bad Pokemon, psychic and grass typing, not the best typing at all. And it does have some nice options, but it's a bit meh. It is a bit meh, right? It is a bit meh. I'm sorry, Celebi and all the Celebi fans out there. I'm one of them. I'm disappointed about this. I would love to be able to put it in S tier. That's the dream, right? But I think it's probably one of the worst mythical Pokemon we have access to. I can't see it having really much of an impact in the format at all. And it's probably not going to get used very much. I hope I'm wrong. I hope I'm wrong. I hope when we come back to do a second tier list, it moves right up into that A. Oh, I can't see it moving into S tier, but A tier is where we want it to be. But for now, it is going to drop down into the D tier, the bottom tier. I don't think it's really going to have much of an impact. Jarachi is up next. Now, Jarachi is an interesting one as well. Again, another. I love all the mythical Pokemon in general. It has been very good in the past and past generations when it has been used in certain formats. It has had a good role to play. It has been effective, obviously, with that Serengrace ability as well to boost the flinch chances of things like iron head and stuff like that. It's a decent Pokemon. It's got some nice options around it as well. But because of its steel and psychic typing, again, a steel type, I don't really see that having much of an impact in the the metagame in series 13, just because you have better steel options available. I don't want to put it down into D tier because I feel like it is better than that. But I don't think it's really going to do too much. So maybe a little bit better than and sell. Is it better than Salaby, though? Is it another D tier Pokemon? Am I being a bit too harsh on this? I don't know. We'll stick it in C for the time being. We'll stick it in C for the time being. OK, we'll come back to that. Victini up next. Now, Victini, fire and psychic typing. All these psychic typings. Why are mythicals always predominantly psychic type? I don't know. Early on generations anyway. So Victini, very cool Pokemon, fire and psychic, like we've said. I think it's going to be very good in this format, has some very nice options to take advantage of, has that signature attack as well. Crazy attack V create. The premise that it is a fire type in a format where which is dominated by steel types, I think automatically puts it into the A tier, whether or not it's S tier, though, is questionable. But I think I would definitely comfortably put it into A tier here because of how popular things like Zashin are going to be, how popular things like McGeanna are going to be, how popular things like I'm just looking. Metal metal are going to be potentially, you know, and not to name all the other steel types. I think fire types are very important. And the fact that it can come in on things like Gmax Charizard and take those big attacks as well and not really suffer the residual damage that you're going to see every turn and help set up teams with speed control. I think it has a very big part to play in Series 13. Big popular Pokemon as well. I'm kind of tempted to throw it in S tier, but I'm very hesitant on to what I'm throwing into S tier here because it is S tier. I think we'll leave it in A tier for now. OK, next up, we got Kelio again, one of the Musketeer Pokemon from Black and White, Mythical Pokemon, Water and Fighting Time, very cool typing. And again, I'm going to keep saying this about the majority of these Pokemon, one of my favorite mythicals. But where do we put Kelio? I think Kelio sits nicely in the B tier because I feel like it is one of those Pokemon. It's just a good all rounder, right? It's got some nice options available to us. It's not got a crazy deep move pool, but it's got some nice options, right? It's got Aquajet, it's got close combat, sacred sword. It's got other things that it can do as well, but it's predominantly just a very good all round Pokemon, got decent stats, decent speed stat, and it's good typing as well. I feel like B is maybe it probably could sit in A, it could sit in A, but I'm a bit hesitant to throw it into the A tier just yet because I don't feel like it's got the potential or the ceiling like something like Mew or Victini have in my mind right now. So yeah, Kelio B tier, B tier for now. These can changes we go through. The answer, the answer. I'm one of the ones I'm going to say isn't one of my favorite mythicals, but nothing against the answer. I don't really see it having much of an impact, very bulky, can do a bunch of things. But I don't really see and I haven't too much of an impact. The fact that it's it's got that that rock typing as well gives it a bit of a disadvantage against the steel types that are going to be predominant, the dark types as well. I haven't mentioned that are going to be predominant and really having a big impact in the format with all these new psychic types coming into the format and ghost type there, token ghost type. The steel type is going to give it a hard time, I'd say. So I would I would almost throw. Dancy into C tier. I'm hesitant to throw anything else into D tier right now. But I don't think it's really going to do much. I think it's going to sit there in the use of stats, very low percentage, if any at all. You're going to get players using it that it's predominantly their favorite Pokemon, I would say, or maybe testing some gimmicky strategies out with it. But otherwise, I don't see it really being a staple in the format. McGirna, here we go. This is the Pokemon that we wanted to talk about and probably the one of the most busted mythical Pokemon with that soul heart ability that it's got. I think because of that ability, because of its steel and fairy typing as well, it makes it a very, very strong contender. It does need speed control support for sure to to allow it to operate as well as it can, but it doesn't necessarily have to rely on it to stop that snowball. If you can get it in a good position and support well enough. And I think I'm talking myself out of putting it into A tier predominantly because of the way that I'm saying you have to support it. It does need support. It can't just come into a battle and it can't just do everything itself. It needs support. But I mean, what Pokemon in doubles when you're playing the doubles format doesn't need that support, right? There are a few exceptions to that rule, but everything pretty much does really need a little help in hand. So I shouldn't talk myself out of this S tier because I think I came into this tier list knowing that this is where I was going to put McGirna. I was going to put it into S tier. I think that makes sense for me that I would put it into S tier and I'm going to stick by I am going to stick by that because I think even if my mind changes in a couple of weeks time when I've played a bunch more matches in series 13, then that's fine. That's fine. But right now with the experience that I've played with it so far, I feel like it is one of, if not the strongest mythical Pokemon we have access to. So S tier for McGirna. Genesect up next, cool Pokemon, steel and bug typing. Typing's not great, strange for a mythical as well. But we're delving into the deeper generations of Pokemon where they're exploring mythical typings a little bit more, aren't they? So Genesect, I don't know. I feel like it slots right in with the jirachi and Dancy. It's got a few things that it can do, but I wouldn't have said it's going to really light the format up. I think it's pretty, it's pretty meh. It's pretty meh. It's one of the mere Pokemon. It's not a good old rounder. It's got some big weaknesses that are going to be common in the format. Like I say, you're going to have to have some fire sort of coverage in your teams to get around the big threats of the steel types that you're going to have. So I would say I would say we'll slot you right in between your cousin, Jirachi and rather than Dancy. So Genesect C tier. Marshadow, really unique typing, very cool mythical. One of my favorites. There we go. And obviously fighting in ghosts, we haven't really got many fighting in ghosts. I think because it's got some really unique moves that it can take advantage of, like that spectral thief where it can steal boosts from an opposing Pokemon and its ghost typing as well, it's got some nice immunities. I would I would stick it straight into a tier. I think it's that impactful. I think it's better than an all rounder like Keldeo. And I think you can do some really nice things in the format. So I'm going to I'm going to throw. Is it in? I don't know what these aren't ordered, right? So I would say Vectini, Mew, Marshadow, right, as an ordered. OK, yeah, we'll we'll stick. I probably put Jirachi to the end, to be honest, in that one. If we're doing it in order anyway, so Marshadow into the air tier. That's why I feel Volcanian next. I feel like Volcanian is an incredible Pokemon and because of its fire typing as well, very unique typing again from a mythical Pokemon game for you, getting a bit more adventurous in their typings with the mythical Pokemon here. Water and fire has the water absorbability as well. So has that pretty much immunity to water typings. I think because of its fire typing, its water typing, I would slot it into tier A straight away, just because, like I've said before, many things I can think about on a mythical level. There's going to be a lot of steel types in this format. I think the water and fire all wrapped up into one Pokemon is incredible. The way you can support it as well in game with a partner with maybe surf or something like that to restore its health, I think is is pretty nice. And I think it's going to be a very, very good Pokemon. It's going to be interesting to see how correct I am about these, but I might be way up the mark, but I might be closer than you think as well. Next one up is Zeraora, the electric type Pokemon. Again, very high base speed. I think it offers a lot. I think it's a good all rounder. I don't think it's going to be one of those Pokemon that comes in like Regi Alecki, that you would say, OK, this is this is defining, metagame defining. But I think it's got enough about it to be in that league 100 percent with Keldeo, if not A tier. I think it's on the cusp between A and B for sure. Zeraora is very good, very fast, has a very good move pool. It's diverse enough where you can play it in a bunch of different ways. So I would definitely say B tier, but I would say it's creeping into that A tier. And I wouldn't be surprised if it goes up into that A tier when we come back and redo this. Next up is Melmetal. Now, I think Melmetal is I came into this, honestly, I came into this thinking probably Melmetal is going to be an S tier Pokemon because of how I like to use it and how I've used it in the past and how strong it has been. I don't think it's an S tier Pokemon, if I'm completely honest. And I don't think it's an A tier Pokemon as well. I think it's a very good all rounder. I think it's heavy reliant on Trick Room is one of the things that I would say probably puts it down a peg or two in the tier list and at least in my mind, I think it's definitely top of B. It's a bit like Zeraora, where I could see it creeping into the A tier for how impactful it could be in the format. It's very strong on a physical attack inside and defensively. Which gives it a big advantage in this format in general. But it's reliant on Trick Room alone, I think knocks it down into the B tier just because when you look at stuff like Zashin, Zashin's going to have a really easy time against it if an opponent is able to dictate the speed control of a game. And that Zashin's in a place where it can just hit the Melmetal for big damage. Now, Melmetal can hit it for big damage in return. It's probably going to be able to take one of its fighting type attacks, but it's going to take a lot of damage in the meantime. And if you haven't got that speed control to kind of dictate the player for Melmetal in that situation, specifically talking about this one situation, then I would say you're going to lose nine times out of 10. So for that reason, and again, this might mean that Melmetal will creep into that A tier once we have a play around with these Pokemon a bit more. I don't know. I think B tier is fair for it. Top of B tier, for sure. Which brings us to our last Pokemon, Zerud, the newest mythical, dark and grass typing. Again, my instant reaction is to throw it right down here alongside Celebi, but I'm not really too sure it warrants sitting in D tier. I think we could probably look at it a bit more objectively. I think it's dark typing gives it a huge advantage over a bunch of things in this format. The only thing that I do and I don't like about Zerud is it doesn't get sucked a bunch, which I think would give it so many. It would give it a bit more viability in the format, in my opinion, because then it doesn't care about getting out sped or speed controlling opponents end of the field. It can really threaten things like Victini, Mew, Marshadow. List goes on. The dark typing definitely helps it and definitely doesn't help it against some threats, but that's just Pokemon in general, right? But I think the influx of predominantly like psychic types, it definitely helps against that. It's got good base speed, for sure, but I don't quite see it being a B tier Pokemon and I would probably put it, I think a fair assumption is top of C tier. And again, I'm a little bit skeptical where or not this ends up. I could see it in B tier, but I feel like I need to be, I need some more evidence to kind of back that up at the minute. I think C tier is fair enough. It's not as bad as Celebi and I do see it getting some play, but I don't see it getting very much play. Whereas I see B, A and S tier getting a lot of play. And that is going to be my, I think that I think I am happy with how this has come out right now. My initial thoughts on series 13 tier list. This is where we're going. Magena S tier, Victini, Mew, Moschado, Volcanian in A tier, feels good. B tier with Malmell, Xeror, Kelio. And I think that I think they could, the potentially these three could creep into A tier and some of the A tiers could creep down into B tier. I don't see any of these falling into the C tier. And then our C tier, of course, we've got Zerud, Genesek, Dianse and Gerace. I think the wild card here, the wild cards here are Zerud and Dianse, which could move around. Other two, I think are stuck there. And Celebi, as sad as it is for me to say, is stuck down that D tier. Let me know what your tier rankings would be in relation to this for the mythicals in series 13 going into it. I would love to hear your opinions. Let me know if you think I'm wrong about any of these Pokemon or if I'm right about certain Pokemon. Let me know. I would love to hear your opinions. That's what it's all about. It is all about opinions on this channel. And I would love to hear yours in regards to these mythicals in series 13. Nonetheless, it's going to be really exciting going into this new format. Of course, we'll be starting some tournaments over on a Discord server as well. We got the bot back up and running for seed checking as well. So hopefully fingers crossed, we do get some events announced soon to support the mythicals in these games. If not, like I've said, I will set something up to make sure everyone has access to mythical Pokemon going into this new season. So no one's at a disadvantage to anyone else if game freaking Pokemon don't decide to do for themselves. But hope you've enjoyed today's video, friends. Thanks for taking the time to come by. As always, if you have, drop a like on the video. It does really help share it with YouTube. And if you're new to the channel, I did mention in our last video, we are on the road to 30k subscribers. So if you want to help us reach that goal, hit that subscribe button and make sure you turn on notifications so you don't miss any content like this, this goldmine content that we are putting out all the time. And we are trying to be a bit more consistent. Got a lot going on at the minute outside of the channel. So it's kind of stopping me from committing as much time as I would like to. But hopefully in the coming weeks, we'll be able to grind out a few more videos and get on top of everything ready for series 13, starting, run up to Scarlet and Violet and all that other good stuff. So have a great rest of your day. Thanks for tuning in. Until the next one, friends. Bye-bye.


What is going on guys, welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here. Today I am back with another Destiny 2 video and today we are going to talk about the old weapon system, the weapon system seen in Destiny 1 possibly returning to Destiny 2. These were the words of Bungie via the latest stream which we will see in a second but hey guys if you do enjoy the video leaving a like really helps me out. If you are new around here also be sure to subscribe for almost daily Destiny videos. Ok so Destiny 2 is a game which on most levels was a let down. From the start September last year the game has fell floor after floor it's kept falling. Now it's almost at ground zero and we are all waiting on changes to elevate the game back up. Many changes have been discussed, many changes have been announced and some released. We had the recent gold faster update the 1.1.4 update patch which in terms speeds up many things about the game mostly within PvP. We wanted exclusive rewards to chase, they have also been added probably not in a way and quantity as we like but as always time to improve that. We wanted eververse to become redundant, that's being kinda done. We wanted exotic to feel more exotic, changes are being made and coming soon. We wanted a faster time to kill which is also being worked on and we will cover that in a second. We wanted more transparency from Bungie, we got that. We wanted more content which is coming. We also wanted the weapon system to revert to how it was in Destiny 1 and people I have some good news. But first about this old weapon system, a primary, a secondary and a heavy weapon slot. The old weapon slot system layout was perfectly fine, among other things it was changed for the sequel of the game which was mind boggling. This system is more than just a layout of weapons, it affects many many aspects of the game, we loved about the first game and dealing with it in the second game. This doesn't take a genius to see, the PvP players you could do having shotgun snipers and fusions in that secondary slot were incredible. It also added to the pace of the game which we missed from Destiny 1. Speed enough supers, respawn timers and agilities within supers won't bring this fun fast paced playstyle back. The strategies for PvE using a hand cannon or scout paired with a sniper and launcher. That really isn't possible in Destiny 2, I mean things might seem small on scale but the overall effects they have on a game were massive. We've seen it take place since the release of Destiny 2. The old weapon system was more than just a layout like I said, it changed more or less every element of the game. As you'd expect in a loot shooter, just like you'd expect from random goals. So Bungie via the latest Bungie Bandit stream where Cosmo played Mayhem on PC, Deej was taking questions about the game from the community and this one popped up. Take a look. I really wish D2 weapon system returns to primary, special, heavy. It was better that way. Is my wish reasonable? I think yes, I think that's a reasonable request. I think ultimately though, we want to do something better. Either way we're going to, we are actively working on weapon slot changes right now. Right now. This is a thing we are going to change. This is a thing that we are doing. I can't talk. So you heard it from the Horses Mav. He states they are working on weapon slot changes right now. So a change is coming. Is this a change we were welcome? Will it avert back to how Destiny 1 was? Details are not known. But they have confirmed that the weapon slot system is indeed changing, which I suppose is great news. Hammock does say ultimately though, we want to do something better. Is something better I suppose means they won't be averted back to D1? Maybe evolving upon that? Who knows? I cannot wait to find out for sure. So next up we're going to talk about the time to kill. Now time to kill in Destiny 2's PvP has always been an issue. The issue is because like everything else, it was better and faster in D1. Seeing as most of us spent most of our lives in Destiny 1, it's something we came to expect within Destiny 2. Well that wasn't the case. From the get go in Destiny 2, weapons within PvP almost all the time offered a slower time to kill. It was also felt more so because of how PvP was in terms of things being slowed down. 6v6 changing to 4v4. Maps basically staying roughly the same size.  People complained and complained and complained and complained. And eventually Bungie noticed after the game dropped floors. They started to listen. They became more transparent and they delivered things we wanted. They introduced the go faster 1.1.4 update, which in turn has made PvP a lot more fun. It now does indeed feel a whole lot better, but a faster time to kill is needed to match the fast pace it now has. Since the 1.1.4 update, which also offered certain effects to weapons and so forth, a weapon has popped up out of the woodwork known as the Vigilance Wing. It has now become the go-to weapon for most PvP players. It offers one of the fastest time to kills the game has. And it's a weapon many people are speaking about. When I was watching the stream, they were asked about the Vigilance Wing and these forwarded a question asking them what they were going to do about it, considering it's now rule in PvP, having been answered with that they're naturally going to nerf the weapon, but instead bring everything else up to that standard in turn, dropping the time to kill across the board, which is what we all want. He had to take a listen to this clip. Update 1.1.4 was about character speed. It was about making more weapons more powerful. You talked a lot about bringing the hero moments back in your recent developer commentary on YouTube. In Season 3, exotic weapons will also be increased with their lethality, which should make... You're absolutely going to see the average TTK get significantly faster. I don't want to spoil anything because I think you guys are going to talk about that a lot over the next couple of weeks.  So there we have it guys, and in my opinion this is great news. Bad news is though, we don't know when said changes will be coming. Now sometime soon we will get a new roadmap as announced by Cosmo on Reddit coming early April. But until then, these changes although seem great. Could not be here for another 6, 7, 8 months. We just don't know. Bungie ain't really known to push out weekly updates. Plus the 10 year old game engine the game is built on also limits what they do. But hey guys, at least we know things are in the works. And on that note guys, I am out. If you enjoyed the video, leaving a like really helps me out. If you are new around here and enjoy daily Destiny videos, be sure to subscribe. Thanks as always for stopping by people and hopefully I will see you on that next one.


Working in clinical practice on a day-to-day basis I see many conditions which we still haven't got answers for. Well I think we've got pockets of fantastic cancer researchers spread out across the universities and the hospital. The opportunity of my job is to bring those people together and really try and get research going from the bench to the bedside. Well we've always given small amounts to charities over a long period of time but it wasn't until my wife got cancer that we realised just the significance of the need for medical research. The sort of people, the sort of equipment we're after costs lots of money. It's an arms race research. Those that have the biggest toys do the best research. I found a website called iGet1%.org and it talked about giving not a percentage of your income but a percentage of your net wealth. So whether you have a hundred thousand dollars or ten million dollars, one percent is a meaningful amount but you're always left with 99%. So it wasn't a big ask. There is exceptional research being undertaken here in Canberra. We have an opportunity to make a great difference and particularly with the work that Ross Hannan is undertaking here. This is a very special piece of research. We have a collaboration between very driven clinicians and superb scientists. We have a single supplier of cancer therapy here in town and so we can really collaborate well and do first-rate research. So the immediate priority is two-fold. One is I want to get fantastic clinicians and scientists in from around the world into Canberra to bridge the gap between the basic research scientists in the hospital and secondly I want to set up a drug screening facility to develop our own drugs here in Canberra. It's a fantastic cause and I'm very happy to be part of it. I'm on the board of the foundation. We're doing wonderful work but we need to do more. I'd really love to see that cancer research has been accelerated and some of my patients have gained the benefits of the work that we've done here in Canberra and at the ANU. Well it's well known that if you're doing translational research within a hospital that patients have better outcomes. You get better access to new drugs and new clinical trials earlier. So we hope that this will translate to real outcomes for the patients in the cancer hospital.


यह उतरिस थ fica тысячo, sem sara lemi, ओ�pat lagon तो ललुझ़ तो из की मैसको कीcape carry, तो ललुझ़ा, तो तो की सुभर के अपी, मैं मैं होगी भाी आपी, यतया दंबकत्या आपी कि मैं विixon्ठ guild, मैं भाखिलेट, मैं वं कोग कोग KPAK uno, मैं गे सन चिलम सागे र vier kar, ौ afterwards, my father told me, he said, ौ ो I wondered why have you not panting. ौ anybody doing something good to you ौ anybody being nice to you ौ you must always exercise your gratitude. ौ and I think you must not be even praying right ौ in the morning when you would get up and ौ express your gratitude to God. ौ from that day onwards, I started doing like that. लिएंगा है, जो स्वाछना मीनहेर नहीं वो और जर उगी नू� now only, I will not miss even one day without expressing my gratitude and it will be very appropriate for me to do that here also. यह जो थाएक। मुडल जुनैके निशन्यां कोई बीगिल करीख तरक्शिचण थाएक, झो च़ो दो एक। गद्द्फीं कोगरी आड़, गदिनकोगरी, करेखेंने की ज़ैION, ऐसह कोँवान, जासते थाई कीई कराखा। तो तरवाय्त्चा procurement leadership वह लिइसे दिज़ेग कर अज़ा आपकोती परतुर। यह में द़जा में अज़ा हैं उई तो। तदियें तो सस्ट ईदीं कर बाचा ज़ा सब बगुट कर से आच्ट बाचा आपकोती है गड़ वो जी ग़ा लगा दे है। दिप्रें माडल दें आम्जुरें। बदें मैं वोखर्स is going to be on basics. All this will not be possible if certain basics are not being practiced by us throughout our lives, starting from your age or maybe less than that. As I said, I am going to tell you all these things with stories, with the help of stories. Stories from my own life. I generally like to pick up stories from my own life. Whatever stories I have written is from my own experiences. Life experiences. For me, there is nothing which can teach you better than life itself. Teachers are definitely very important in our life. At the same time, we need to also be learners from our own experiences. It is very important therefore that I share with you certain very interesting things which have happened with me and which perhaps ultimately have resulted in my coming here today. This becomes the end result of my life. Do we agree on this? This moment is actually the end result of all of my living and maybe all that has happened with me happened with me because I need to be here accepting this great honor. It all happened when I was 6 to 7 years. My old stories are going to be from 7 to 8 years to 15 years. Because that is the age group I think I am dealing with here. I was 8 years old. My father came back from his office. He was a big businessman. He called me one fine day and he told me, I used to be called Mishi. He said, Mishi come here and sit with me. I said, yes father, what is it? He says, tell me what all you have done from morning till now. I was surprised. He never asked me earlier. I don't know why he chose that particular day to start this activity. I made a list and I started telling him right from the morning what I have done. Then he asked me a very interesting question which I have been asking till today since that day. He said tell me what was right and what was wrong in it. What were the things you did right and what were the things you did wrong. Now at 8 years age you don't have a lot of understanding correct. So with my limited understanding I would tell him this is right and this was wrong. And he would correct me at certain places. No, this was not right. This is how it was not right. He gave me very strong rights and wrongs and he did this exercise with me for almost a couple of years and then left it to me to do it on my own every day and that is what I have been doing till today. Right leaving is what he taught me and I will tell you this exercise what other things he taught me as he realized when I was moving forward. Second thing which I want to tell you is it was my ninth birthday. I didn't know what kind of present surprise was coming in for me because my father used to be a person in fact a person who never did anything wrong ever including health habits. He did not even watch a movie ever. So he gave me surprise newspaper hawker through the paper inside. I was carrying a lot of paper counts to magazines Nanda and Champa people of my age in the memory. Surprise I said from where these have come and my father comes from inside and he says these are gifts for you. Today onwards you are going to start reading. He gifted me my reading habit. What will happen if I read? He said you are going to learn lot of things and it's not that. He said I am going to ask you every night what you have got today and you are related to me. That is what I was storytelling. I was telling him my story everyday and today I am storytelling. This is how life shapes up. Trust me for this. Personally I have never slept without reading from that day ever. Even in hospital. I was 15 days in hospital. Suffered from a mild heart attack and I was... Now how this helped me? I became a learner. That is what you need to become. Whatever visual achievement, whatever level you are. If you are not learning, then you are not living. That is what I believe in. Because unless you learn you don't grow. Right? You are growing but at a certain age maybe 24-25 you stop growing physically. And growth is a sign of living beings. Correct? If you are not growing you are not living. So after 22-23 if you are growing then where you need to grow? That is in your mind. So you need to become a learner and that is what you made me. And then I was sleeping, duty sleep. Suddenly for my bed sheet being pulled out like this. I was around 10 years. We had shifted to a new house next to the stadium as I told you. We were living next to the stadium. And he pulled the bed sheet and he told me time to 5.30 am. What is the time to wait? He said God damn this school is at 8.30 am. You get up at 7.30 am. What is this 5.30 am? No. You have to every day start going to stadium and you are going to run. Then you are going to get into some kind of sports activity. Then what will happen with that? You will learn self-discipline. He wanted me to be self-discipline. He said today I have open job tomorrow onwards. You are going to do it on your own. And I will keep going till you get into the habit. To get into the habit of sports. Now something very interesting happened. And when I was going every day to stadium I made new friends. And you know something you get fascinated with some friends at that age. In that particular your age group. You get focus on certain friends. And whatever day you want to do that. So I started with basketball. And suddenly I found my friend wanted to play cricket. And he put me to cricket. I started playing cricket. Won in a body cricket. Sub juniors. And suddenly a bad mental tournament happened. Mr. Prakash Pahuzan came. And we all got fascinated. And my friend said to him with cricket. बोग दुम्ले मुन्ले पूड्री. I had broken my fingers. I caught a dimple here. Thanks to that cricket level ball. We never played in tennis ball in Punjab. It was always a leather ball. So I started playing at Linden. Won a sub junior title. And suddenly one fine day a coach came. He said anybody knows TV. I said I know TV. He said how I have been playing on Dining table everyday. In the evening with my family. He said come let me see how do you play. When I played with him. Then he told me he said do you know one thing. You have wasted so many hours. Years. I said why? He said because this is the game that suits you. Your height, your quickness. The way you look at the ball so quickly. And act and pick it up. I can get you in the street in 6 months. But you have to be focused. My coach told me about focus. He said please no distractions. No more pursuing of what friends are going. What your friend is good at you may not be good at that. It's all natural talents. So don't follow your friends to be what you want to be. You be what you need to be. That is what my coach told me. That same focus on one thing till you achieve. And that went after TT and that played national at the age of 17. 3 years only. You know we need to be focused. We need not distract. At your age you are going to keep on shifting. You know you will give up things very quickly. You start monthing and you will give it up. You start second thing you will give it up. Don't do that. Stay focused. Work hard on monthing. And reach your great heights. Wherever you can reach. So we have talked about self discipline and focus. And to be a lover. Let me tell you something very interesting. What was happening between those rights and wrongs every day. My father was very subtly telling me that for doing what is right you need self discipline. To go forward you need to do the right thing you need self discipline. But at the same time to stop doing what is wrong you need self control. Now how I came to know about that that he had been very subtly you know pushing me towards exercising self control. We were in ninth and one fine day you know those some bullies in class they always are there and we have to face them. They announced before recess. One period before recess we all are going to bunk the class. What we feel we are going we are going to playground and there is a back between two these boys and we have had backs who will be the other person in 100 meter race. Now to have that back completed we have to bunk the class because in recess we will not get the place. I said it is wrong. If my father was paid for this class I am not paying I can't betray him. I am not coming. They said Ramesh the whole class will not talk to you. Nobody will talk to you. I said fine. What are you doing? I said fine. Don't talk to me. I am not coming. Everybody left. I was sitting alone in the class and teacher comes. She said beard is everybody else. I said they have gone to prom. Why did you not go? I said I didn't want to. And she did not like it. You know why? Because she had to stand out with me. There was a student in the class. Did I care? No I did not care because I was very much focused on doing the right thing. Now something very interesting happens. Nobody talks to me every day 15 days, 20 days, 25 days and 30th day any class and announcement was made that I was the clear captain of the district school team in Delhi. Within 6 months was 14 years old I started and within 6 months I have become captain of the school team of the district and that was announced in the class. Now what happened? My best friend who was in the pressure for not talking to me walks to me and congratulates me and then makes everybody else also to feel good about this that our class had a captain of the school team in Delhi. So everybody started talking to me and the self-control it was self-control with work I was not supposed to be going into wrong things. It is very important and where it helped me it helped me to stay away from any bad health habit till today. At the age of 58 I have won a TT tournament and every time you are beating a champion who had not lost for last 2 years. So you need to be self disciplined you need to be having focus and you need to have tremendous self control if you want to be a leader a debater, a public speaker of whatever you want to be without these 3 things you just cannot be and lastly, something very interesting happened with me again in 8th that was the time I think my foundation was being laid how I was to lead the life. I went to a new school madam will know got me into high school and there I made a very good friend after about 3 months of our friendship one fine day he tells me Saturday that we are leaving early why don't you come to my house in the evening and we will play so I ask him about what time you want me to be there he says about 2.30 he is half a 5 km and I had a bicycle to ride on for 5 I went home and suddenly he found my sister telling me the way we are not going for a movie are you coming I said I am sorry I am not coming she says why I said my friend has promised me I have made a promise to my friend that I am going to peace house I was outside his lane when he found him coming out of his bamboo along with his sister and suddenly a car comes in a reverse his dad is driving and they both open the door and they both sit inside the car and the car starts coming towards me and suddenly my friend looks at me and he says you are here car stops he made his father stop the car and he says you are here I am going for a movie with my father thank you I left the movie for my friend right and he left me in a very certain way God had given me a message which I have kept in total with me family first advantage very important to know family first and I don't know how many people how many of you have watched that beautiful movie in that little lesson we don't charge our parents parents first because actually it is their effort that is bringing us up here along with teachers along with you when parents send you to school they expect you to be coming out as very responsible students college youngsters right now school is given the responsibility of not saying you but then it is not possible for school alone it is not possible for parents alone because you are a product which need to cooperate with teachers as well as the parents to become responsible citizens so self discipline self control family first and your own effort towards self development stay away from bad habits to help your body to teach you to the things you want to live up to like I remember telling my father I would like to be living up to the age of 85 like my grandmother and he said what are you going to do to your body for that I said I will take care of it so please take care of your body mind your health to yourself thank you very much I am sure that you will become very responsible citizens


Dear students, in this module we are going to talk about the hunting and gathering and pastoral societies. These are pre-industrial societies based on very simple social organization just right from the beginning of human history starting from maybe could be from three million years ago until 12,000 years ago human beings have been mostly engaged in satisfying their basic needs including their food, shelter and security. So these societies have been characteristically very simple, not based on very complex demeanour of labour and they have mostly been engaged for their daily routine of collecting food and preparing their shelters to satisfy their need of security as well as of food. We can distinguish, we can define these societies based on two key characteristics. Number one, just when economic base they have been sustaining based on their activity of hunting and gathering, people have been mostly engaged to go to their surroundings to search or to find for food, usually the food have not been that much easily available or accessible because at that time technology was not so complex, people were not so successful that they could not be able to preserve their food and because today we have technology with which we can preserve our food, so on a daily basis there were food collections and people were also engaged in hunting. In this, their social organisation structures were very simple, demeanour of labour was mostly gender based, females have mostly been engaged in collecting food as well as taking care of the children whereas males have been engaged in the game and hunting and to collect the heavy items for them and to build their shelters. So with this objective in mind they have been less engaged in other purposes of life as we are observing today like accumulation of wealth as well as having competition with other for to gain those available resources. So, rather than communal life people have been mostly nomadic in a way and they have been looking for the areas where more food shelter security have been available so they were frequently shifting from one place to another place, relatively less permanent settlements So, substantial dependence was on to domesticate animals for their survival. For animals, it was used to take things from one place to another. For other animals, it was used to domesticate and prepare them for such situations that if food is not available, it can be used as food for the animals. So, complex social systems were not there like upper class or elite class system that we are observing today as well as systems based on classes. So, there were as societies evolved from hunting and gathering to pastoral societies A little bit deviant of labour could have been seen where the gender roles have been mostly differentiated and segregated in a way that we can have a glimpse of those segregated gender roles even in today's society. Examples can be given like Gujar's Bakarwal of North Pakistan in Gilgit-Adad Jammu and Kashmir. So, we can see the examples of such societies in the image.


Hello there everyone and welcome! This is Melissa Arma with a Stock Swoosh and I'm introducing Exclusive Early Access to Black Friday Golden Gap Course Special. This is to help out the people that want to get in the trading room and start trading right now this coming week and also to the class in November before Thanksgiving. If you'd like more information you can email me at Melissa at thestockswoosh.com or call me at 929-3200 Gap. Follow me on Twitter, Facebook, YouTube or Skype. So the holidays are almost here and guess what? The holidays are very exciting about that. It's a great time to be alive. It's a great time to celebrate. Everyone is usually in a good mood. You get out in the city if you live in New York. All the windows are decorated. It's a great time to visit if you've never been to New York City. And again, you know, you get into the holiday spirit and you get into that momentum where you're in a good mood. Things just seem to turn out a lot better. When you get up in the morning, you can trade in the morning and have the rest of the day to yourself. You can do all the fun things that being in the city allows and you can do a lot of fun things in your life, particularly during the holidays. When people want to do fun things with their family. So I'm offering this exclusive Early Access Black Friday offer. If you sign up for the Golden Gap course by November 11th, you receive one year free in the trading room. Huge, huge benefit because normally the room is a charge for it. So if you sign up for the class, the class is $59.99, you get one year free in the room. So you get all my calls for the whole year in the room and that is a huge savings number one and number two. You get the benefit of getting my trades. The live calls. They give the entry, the stop and the exit. So you can use this for the November class or a future class. However, the deadline is November 11th. You get in the trading room and you start trading already this week. And that is a big benefit to get my calls. A lot of people say they want to do this. They don't know where to start.  You take the calls and you do it. I'm a big mentor for people, not just the technical side of things and learning the strategy, but also calling the trades live in the room every day, being there for people and then helping them out with some of the mental stuff. I gave a good lecture today. I tell people, go and listen to the lecture I did today about talking about the current you and the new you. It was a solid lecture and I'm telling you, if you have the right attitude, you definitely can be successful, particularly if you want to do this for a career and you must take it seriously. In order to do that, you get the education. And the nice thing about this special is you get the room free for an entire year and you can start this week. So the class I teach is called the Golden Gap Course. It's November 17th, 18th and 19th from 9 to 5 Eastern Time. Cost of the class is $59.99 US dollars. The class is online and you can be anywhere in the world and take it. Email me at Melissa at thestockswish.com if you want to sign up. And if you want to do the Trends class and the Golden Gap with a combo deal, it's $64.99. Show two classes for one great price and you will save. You save $500 and then you'll learn long term trends and I'm doing the Trends class in December. So any questions, email me if you want to sign up email me. Don't miss out on this offer. You get in the room this week. You do the class next weekend and you're in and start it and you've ramped yourself up before January 1 2019 and you could be on your way and ready to go to have a successful calendar year next year. Any questions call me and good luck everyone and have a great weekend.


I'm delighted to see you again. So this is our show, I think that Kawaii's Human Architecture, which happens to be our 256th show and you're around our 13,750th viewer. And I'm also very delighted to see you, the Soto Brownbag, hi to Soto. Good day to you, Martin. Good day to everybody who's watching us. All right, because it's been like two episodes where we were unavailable to do it together. That's right. Now we're back to the same place which positions us in the middle of everywhere slash nowhere, most remote from all other land masses in Honolulu, Hawaii. And you are in your Bishop Museum and I always give you a German word lesson of the week. So the one of this week is Mitbringse. What is that? That means something that you bring with you. And I'm assuming that that is comparable to the Japanese word, which is used here in conversation, omiyage, which means something that you bring home for another person as a souvenir of a trip. And there's no English word that's comparable to either of those. So we have to use foreign words in this case. Exactly.  Okay, good. I gave you a little hint. It's basically helping you to stay warm in your, which makes you suffer because you're an advocate of easy breezy. Yeah, that's right. That's right. You're using straight winds for cooling, but in your museum that is not possible. Correct. And so I'm hoping, maybe that will keep my bald head warm or something like that. I think you're getting into the right direction. I think so. Maybe we see it soon on air for that reason. Yes, oh yes, I will. Soon as I receive it, I will show it off. All right, so let's get together soon. Let's get the first slide up, which is sharing with the audience that the two of us together with Don Hibbert, Bill Chapman, and also Bundes, who was visiting you as he just told me, we're working on the tour guides of our city, Honolulu, Hawaii for DoM publishers. And we've been referring, and we'll continue to refer to a couple of other books that Philip Moise has been giving us as references that we're browsing through and using it for orientation. And we want to make clear that obviously guides, as the name says, they're not dictators. They don't tell you what you all should buy into or like. It just gives you sort of an introduction to what's out there. But every author has to make a selection because there's no way that every building in each city could be in there. So we're at this tough point now that we have to, before we make decisions, we have to set up criteria, right? As to what should be in there. And Don came up with a great suggestion that we applauded. He says, it should be buildings that are culturally relevant or sensitive at least. So that might be one indication. And what might be very relevant these days of what buildings have to do in cities and our city is what the current news, Hawaiian news now is telling us. And what are we posting here as two recent news disorder? Well, two recent stories, which are very relevant for the types of stuff we talk about on the show. One is we are now the third most expensive city in the United States in which to rent. And obviously this continues to be a problem. We always have high prices here. We always have had high prices here and trying to keep things livable via price controls, housing that's constructed by the government, et cetera, is something that's always relevant. The other story is that all of these high rises that we look at all the time and that many of us live in are guzzlers of energy. And that's because they're not easy breezy. And that means that they are enclosed mostly glass boxes. And that means they have to be air conditioned and all of that air conditioning uses a lot of fossil fuel because we don't have a lot of other sources for energy here. So those again are two very relevant concerns for what we address on this program. Yeah, and we're very proud to show the preview of the cover of our book, which is carrying the color that is the favorite of our exotic escapism expert, Susanna. And why would that be relevant? She is so excited about it because it reminds me of a half of her life ago when she was an au pair here in Honolulu. And what impressed her the most that is resembled by this color, Susanna. Well, she loved the color of the ocean and that is due to, of course, we have many, there are many colors in the ocean. It's just like there are many colors in the sky and we often don't pay attention to all the variations that there are in the water and the air. But what we see here is an approximation of the beautiful color that you see in shallow water, particularly if it is a white sandy base underneath it, which is due to coral that has been crushed up to create sand. And so with the white sand on the bottom of the ocean and the shallow water, you get this beautiful greenish blue color along with many, many other colors, as I said. So it's very nice that we are acknowledging the shallow water around some of our island of Oahu that looks like this that surrounds the city that we are going to be examining in our guidebook. Yeah, and I just came from my morning swim and I have my green turtles, the Hawaiian green turtles, the honos in that water, and it's just awesome. And that's something a few places in the world have. And so we wish that architecture would be the same. It would just represent the absolute amazing specificity of this our place and we encourage architecture to do that more. And we will include buildings in the book that do that the most. That's what we're aiming for. And as this show is called Shoreline Skylines, as it's always, the whole is always the sum of its parts. And the parts of a skyline is skyscrapers. And so as we said, and how little we can't afford to stay low, we have to go high. We have to consolidate on the land and to stay on a small footprint. And so when we get, we see here in the show called on the top left, we ended last week, I ended on sharing Mies van der Rohe's Lake Shore Drive apartments. And let's go to the next slide and look into them a little bit further here. This is a picture I took of its base. It was built in the early fifties and then at the top left, Eric, if you can zoom into that one is one of his latest buildings in Chicago. That is the IBM tower. It was actually completed in 73 and Mies died in 69. We yet have to the solo reconvene to our automotive architecture comparison show. So this is a little bit reminding us of that one because I took these pictures when I saw these two cars in front of them. And while America is the inventor of that building type of tall buildings of high rises, it is also the inventor, maybe not the inventor because there has been, you know, about three Daimler and others who have invented cars as well. But America has sort of pop cultural rise to car more than any other country and nation in the world. And here is a fairly recent Cadillac limousine part, sedan part in front of the Chicago Apartments. And there is a Lincoln SUV parked in front of it. And they're all black. And it reminds me of my childhood dreams of Schrasenkreuzers and my black Lincoln town car that we've been talking about quite a bit in John F. Kennedy's town car before that continental here on Calacala Avenue. So America is obviously trying to still live up to that and seems to know what it was best at. But the cars don't look exactly the same anymore. They have transformed according to, mostly we're afraid to say no performance but customer taste. And in that case, the taste seems to be more sort of soft edged or curved at its corners. And so has architecture. And that gets us to the next slide. And I think if we were categorizing architecture again, high rises are really a symbol, some call it a fellow symbol of power of money. And that's dominated by the male. And it's certainly probably fair to say that Mies is a pretty good representative of that because he was a macho. He was a womanizer. He was all of that. And his buildings were very strong and powerful and yet rectilinear and boxy, which ironically, all of the things that have changed in our place here is totally different. Is still many buildings, if not the same most as we pointed out in the last I counted them 25 shows are doing kind of that same thing. But there was someone that we show called at the bottom right. Eric, if you can zoom into that, who was the rebel kid against Mies and he was one of his students. And that was Bertrand Goldberg. And what is his most famous building that we feature here, a show called Angus Soto? Well, this is a real landmark of Chicago and it's called Marina City. And it is two rounded towers. And we have some rounded buildings here in Honolulu as well from a similar time period. This was designed in 1959 and finally finished in 1963. And as you have pointed out, these were referred to as corn cobs, which is very appropriate because they do in fact look like corn crops. And corn is one of the major agricultural crops of the Midwest, so that's appropriate as well. These buildings we were discussing before the show were not luxury buildings. They were not high-end buildings. They were meant to be more for middle-class people, people who didn't necessarily have a lot of money. They were also intended for working people. And their situation is such that you can walk to, presumably you could live there, you could walk to your workplace, you could walk to purchase your food, you could walk to areas to eat food as well as get entertainment. So this was situated for people not necessarily to have to use their cars, even though we do have to point out that there's a substantial amount of parking building on the lower floor of each one of these. And because they're around each one of these, the apartments in there are pie-shaped slice of pie, either being a fruit pie or a pizza pie. So that does make them distinctive. And it also makes them rounded so that they are rather than being rectilinear sharp-edged boxes, they are rounded instead. And the round forms are something that we have seen beginning to come back via the work of one particular female architect as opposed to male architect. That's interesting. And very important of the analogy or the nickname of corn cup and its appropriation because we're talking genie gang is the female architect we continue to talk about. And to the left is her aqua tower that we now will next talk about. And she has built the koula in Kakaako for how it used and just recently, and we spent many, many shows and thinking and reflecting on that one. And interesting it is that again, Bertrand Goldberg was a child of the 60s. So that was even though he was reveling against the sharp edge and the boxiness of his master, he was still a modernist and modernism wasn't different than post-modernism, reducing something to the image of something like the corn cup, like it's aesthetics, but also the performative aspect of a plant. And this building is lanai all the way around. So each small studio has a lanai and then obviously right in all fairness, depending on the orientation, I would prefer the Southern orientation because then that lanai, as I know very well from my white kiki grand lanai here, which because unfortunately of the combustion engine, noise pollution of cars, lawn mowers. This morning is Kapilani Park, big tractor lawn mowing guy day. So I can't be outside, but otherwise I'm outside all the time because I can because the lanai above me, thanks to Ernest Har, the architect, shades me as sufficiently, not so much on the West, on the East, where the sun is very low. To the North, I could be okay here because it always keeps me cool because the sun is never there, but in Chicago, that would be bad because I'm missing out on solar again because the sun can also keep me from getting frozen in the winter time. So a South unit, I really prefer in Marina City, but in any case, all of them I would prefer and one of my colleagues here actually used to own one Carla Sarota in Chicago and on my way to work with Dan these few weeks ago, he told me about a friend of his who was able, and that's addressing our criteria of affordability. The units in there are still pretty affordable. They're like, she snapped one Dan told me for like 300,000 dollars. We did our realtor pages detective work, we saw one for $179,000, and that's pretty much a steal. You don't get anything, not even a hole in the wall here on our island anymore for that. So the building, again, we said it is vintage. It is not a collectible because it's collectible referring to cars, then they get crazily expensive, right? And you can't, and you can just put them somewhere away and look at them, not even drive them, collectors then own them and they become objects of speculation, right? It's not the case in Marina, in Marina city yet fortunately. So that being said, let's talk about the Gini Gang Aqua Tower a little bit more because we had already a lot. We also wanna refer to our fellow midwesterner Ron Lindgren, hi Ron, who we miss because he's very knowledgeable about this part of America because he grew up in there and he's very familiar to culture and climate. And he always give it good points because he was saying it is not just decorative. I mean, this Aqua effect is sort of one thing, but it is not just decorative. It is performative because it does what the solo? Well, it does two things. It provides first of all outdoor living space and in Chicago, obviously for a good part of the year, you cannot live outdoors, but in the time of the year that you can, it does provide that. Secondly, as you were just describing, it does provide sun shading. So depending on where the sun is and what the orientation of the building is, you will get sun shading. Now, we were just talking about affordability and before the show asked you and we don't know, neither of us knows, are the prices for the different units in this Aqua Tower different based on the footage or the size of the lanais because as you can see, every one of them is different on every floor because it's a rounded flowing surface really that's been sort of added to a plain rectilinear box. And since each one of those units has a different amount of exterior floor space, does that affect its price? And I would assume it does, but that is just something that's relevant when we talk about prices and affordability. Yeah, and talking the other ability thing is sustainability these days, right? More than ever. And just the show quotes on the right, just recall when Chicago was still my hub in and out during my Prairie and Desert days, I saw the building under construction and I took the chance to tour the office of Gini Gang with my desert student, Arizona University of Arizona. And I had just like an SOM, I had a German guy giving us the tour and I pulled him into a corner of the office and was whisperingly asking him the question if I overlooked, I couldn't see because I couldn't, I didn't have magnifying glasses if there was a line that indicates that they use diesel shock, which is this material that has lanais or balconies, of course, structurally connect, but more importantly, well, as importantly, firmly disconnect from the building. He whispered back and said, no, sorry, we didn't do that. And I booed that and I encouraged him to do that next time. There's again, again, that otherwise you had just have the cold creeping in there and he got condensation problems. You lose energy, even here in the tropics that the heat can creep in and that's not equally as problematic but still to be avoided. So that's one thing. And I guess when you said, you know, Jeanie Gang added to it, there's this rumor of that that was actually the case, that the building was already in the tradition, the museum tradition of square boxes by the developer architect Jim Lervenberg, who we called up there, who passed away two years ago and 20 in the okay age, well, no age is okay to die, but he was like mid-80s when he passed away. And somehow him and Jeanie Gang met him, the square boxy developer and she the one obviously in the tradition can't be neglected of the rebel kid Bertrand Goldberg after no one else basically went on the swooping sexy curvy trip after Goldberg, not so much all the boxes continued to be. Jeanie in 2009 basically kicked in and teamed up with Jim Lervenberg in doing the aqua tower that became, you know, very, very famous at that time. And Jeanie again, there is this discrimination of the female and the workforce and society in general and architecture in specific and it's dominated by guys and when, you know, Mies was a very stereotypical macho representative of that. And Jeanie is greatly sort of reveling against that and making herself a name and a reputation and someone who paved her way, we see on the next page. And that is Natalie de Blois who was a partner with the firm Skidwell Owings Merrill that we continue to talk about because that is a firm famously located in Chicago and headquartering there and then having branches all over the place. And their most iconic sort of coming out, hey, they work is what we see on the left which is the lever building. And so these synonyms, the icon of international style curtain wall, high rise, slick and sleek contrasting the historic buildings there. And just imagine, you remember DeSoto as a kid in the early fifties how basically amazingly refreshing that was. Natalie then was a partner together with Gordon Bunchef as the other elite designer on that building. And you see her on the top right with the O in the SOM name, Mr. Owings. And this picture is wrongly giving the impression that she's the boss and he is the one working under her. But in fact, what made her eventually leave the firm was her frustration that she still did not get the credits she would have deserved to really been having been an instrumental designer in the firm. And again, we still have that discrimination. I always, if I'm lucky, I have half of my emerging generation in my classes being female and then they get less and less and by the time they're professionals, then they only few of them and we really, really need to change that. And so here, Natalie is most notable if not her main building was the one at the bottom right that is the equitable building. And that is close to a building that we're gonna visit later in the show and that Plaza in front of that has been significantly altered. And she after that basically quit from the office because she was frustrated about discrimination. She went into coaching. She taught at the University of Austin, Texas to then return to Chicago towards the end of her life and lived there until the end of her life. And we caught there above Mr. Owings head and next to her that she was a founding member of the Chicago woman in architecture movement and organization and that's great. So that way she had paved the way for female emancipation in the discipline and profession of architecture and paved the way amongst others for Jeanne Gang who when we get to the next slide are looking at her most recent project and let's talk about that more. So in the last four minutes, however, we have we can just scratch the surface, but let's do that. Well, you pointed out that there is a strange architectural word you hadn't heard before nor have I, frustrum. And that refers to a pyramid that the top has been cut off of and this particular building uses repeated versions of that which actually in this case just look like bulging curves but the really notable part of this is towards the top there are two empty floors and that is something that was put there to reduce the wind resistance blowing against this building and because this is a skinny building this is something that's trendy right now in architecture. The amount of flexibility, the amount of resilience and the amount of resistance to the wind all required that this be done. So this is a unique thing that you don't see very frequently other buildings have done it, but it's very uncommon and it's something that's really notable in addition to the outward shape too. Yeah, and we should dive more into that next week when we have more time for that. And let's just look at this, you know the angle we took the picture of here they're trash dump trucks here at the bottom left as you can see as to serve like that big monster infrastructural monster of the city but in this sort of overview panoramic of the buildings almost not noticeable just the very thin line of it to the very right is that Mies van der Rohe building you build around the same time of the IBM building which he then didn't witness its completion because he had passed away. That's the building where that architectural center is in there that were recommended we should also have in Honolulu. And then you see all the other basically in the tradition in this tradition these square boxes and we see aqua tower sticking out in the second half to the right there in the back. And then we have what we just started to talk about which was formerly called the Wanda Vista Tower and which is with big key L architects together and that comes from the same background the L I think stands from Mr. Löwenberg and that's a firm that he sort of initiated to be together with another partner. And so it all ties back to I guess the perfect marriage and meeting point between Genie Gang and Jim Löwenberg in this area of development and then gave her the chance to design this building which again ending on that note of freeing the female architects from discrimination and putting them there where they belong. With this new building, Genie has rightly so earned herself the reputation to have designed the tallest building in the world designed by a woman. And that's certainly something notable and to be celebrated. Again, how us guys are trying to compete with that in Chicago and in the world. We have been talking about basically Adrian Smith with his tallest building in the world that I had just sent us this hilarious article from this one guy who said this should have never been built because it's pretty, you know, insane and empathetic in its concept to wanting to be a desert flower but not perform anywhere close as what the flower does. And that's all main criticism. Whenever architects, even Genie, we encourage her to do even better than she already does, tries pretty good to put performance, also environmental performance in the foreground of architectural gestalt and not the post-modern image of it. With that, we're at a point to make a cut and learn more about that crazy thing about a blow through floor and how that makes us jealous for us. And until then, please stay inclusively easy breezy, easy breezily inclusive. Bye-bye. See you later. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and LinkedIn and donate to us at thinktechhawaii.com. Mahalo.


A lot of materials in nature are crystalline, almost all metals are crystals, most ceramics are crystals and pretty much all semiconductors are also crystals. So all the materials that we find in our daily lives, if you look at them at a very microscopic scale it turns out that they are crystals. All computers and in fact all cell phones have semiconductor crystals inside of them. So the cell phone that you probably have on you or near you, that has a semiconductor crystal inside of it. Scientists have been trying to optimize these crystallization processes for many, many years, you know probably half a century. What scientists do is they study all these different kind of crystal growth parameters to optimize the specific kind of crystal that they want to grow. In many cases you want the crystal to be a very high structural quality, you don't want any defects in the crystals, many classes of crystals grow better in microgravity. I wouldn't say all crystals would necessarily grow better in microgravity. All depends on the specific technique that you're wanting to use, people go on the space station to figure out how to grow crystals better than they can on Earth. It's pretty much used as sort of a laboratory to understand the crystallization process and then by learning those different things then they get applied on Earth. In metal crystals people make turbine blades, turbine blades are used in the engines of jets. Semiconductor crystals are used for like electronic devices and in computers and also as detectors. So these detectors are used for example for x-rays. Another kind of detector would be say optical crystals. So these optical crystals are also semiconductor crystals and they're used in lasers and so lasers are used very widely. Every time you go and buy food at your local grocery store there's usually a scanner there that uses a laser. The world would be a very very different place if we didn't have crystals.