My name is Kunal Kundaje, and I'm a software engineer on the Cloud Platform team at Netflix. Today, I'd like to talk to you about our journey to reboot the Cloud Platform user experience within Netflix and how we're using Polymer as we go about doing that. So let's get started. Here's a quick overview of the topics we'll be covering today. I'll start with a brief introduction to the Cloud Platform Engineering Organization at Netflix and what we do. We'll then go on a quick whirlwind tour of a few different types of apps we've been building using Polymer, five apps in about five minutes. Next, I'll talk about Reboot, our internal component library, and some tooling that we built for a better developer experience. Then we'll look at the road ahead with Polymer 2, and I'll share an incremental approach that we're taking to migrate with minimal pain. And finally, we'll circle back to apps, specifically state management in larger apps, and some experimenting we're doing in that space. So Cloud Platform Engineering, who are we and what do we do at Netflix? Well, here's our team's charter at a high level. We provide a common set of foundational building blocks to Netflix engineers so that they can focus on core business value rather than recreating these infrastructure layers. So some examples of these building blocks include data stores like Cassandra, Dynamite, and Elastic Search as a service, Kafka messaging, and stream processing as a service, Atlas, our internal system for aggregating operational metrics across all of our services, and so on. So all of this sounds like a lot of server-side stuff, right? But all of these services that we provide as an organization become much more usable when we offer cell service apps that empower our engineers to get onboarded quickly and leverage the capabilities of our systems without roadblocks. Insight tools like dashboards and visualizations, together with control planes, also help our engineers detect issues and fix them quickly and effectively without having to switch between multiple tools and command line scripts when they get paged in the middle of the night. And building all of these apps is where we come in. So let's go on a tour of some examples of apps we've built for these various systems. They're all quite different from each other. So this segment should give you a good sense of the variety of app types that can be built using Polymer and Web Components. We'll start with Lumen. Lumen is our dashboard builder for operational insights. And it's widely used by engineers across the company to plot time series data collected and aggregated by Atlas, our metrics data store, so that they can observe meaningful changes in these metrics over periods of time. So here's an example of a time series dashboard that's used by our cloud databases team to track various Cassandra cluster metrics, like IO operations and latencies over time. So Web Components are a great fit for this use case, because we can have a simple public API for these graph components and encapsulate all of the logic to fetch these metrics and render them, and then enable anyone to drop these components into any other internal app that we have, including those that are built in other frameworks like React, Angular, and Ember, which we have within Netflix as well. But Lumen also supports more than just time series data. It also supports the concept of cell types, which are components that visualize the data that's passed into them in different ways. So for example, there are cell types for pie charts, histograms, bubble charts, data tables, what have you. And each of these is written as a custom element using Polymer. So here we can see a single real-time data source that's been connected to six different cell types to visualize the data in different ways. Users can also write custom data mappers, which are just JavaScript functions that take the data that's passed into them, and then convert that to a format that can be understood by any visualization type. So here's an example that shows data from Elastic Search being mapped to different cell types and visualizing that data in different ways. Next, let's take a look at Casper, a custom health check dashboard that we built for our fleet of Cassandra database clusters. So at a high level, Casper visualizes the entire health of all of our Cassandra clusters in the fleet as a tree map showing simple red, yellow, or green states. The sizes of the boxes are proportional to the footprint of the cluster itself. Obviously, the cluster names have been anonymized here. You'll often find this page projected onto a wall-mounted TV right next to where our cloud database team sits in the office. So what makes this dashboard quite unique from a front-end perspective is that the data source is a high-volume firehose of data being streamed in via web sockets from a job that's aggregating all of this health check data from over 10,000 different Cassandra cluster nodes. So in order to not completely lock up our main rendering thread, we process this incoming data in a web worker and post message back when we need to re-render changes. So when a specific cluster goes red, an on-call engineer can look at Casper's cluster detail page to quickly get oriented with the current state of the cluster without having to switch between multiple apps or command-line scripts. So this page describes the topology of the cluster, how many instances it has, what regions it's in, any running maintenance jobs that may be impacting cluster performance. And it even includes charts of some of the most relevant metrics, like read and write operations, and so on. And in fact, the Atlas charts that you see at the bottom here are the same ones that you saw in Lumen earlier. That's the power of web components there. Now you'll notice that this dashboard also sports a dark theme, which is unlike most of our other apps. So this was a good test for the teamability of some of our components. So our polymer elements expose CSS custom properties that Casper could override with its own color scheme to get them all to blend in with its look and feel. So now that you've seen a couple of examples of dashboard-style apps, let's continue our tour with something a little different. So Keystone is our near real-time data pipeline that allows engineers to send events and logs to HiveTables, Elasticsearch clusters, and Kafka topics. This is the collection pipeline that's used to gather data for hundreds of the AB tests that we run, as well as some of our personalization algorithms. And this is Keystone's self-service, a web app for our engineers to manage their data streams. So we use D3 to build out a visual representation of the data stream as a directed graph with colors, motion, and tooltips along the edges, reflecting actual data flow metrics. Engineers can also use this view to make any config updates for any of their outputs or to change the topology of the cluster of the data stream by simply dragging and dropping nodes to rearrange them. So the encapsulation provided by custom elements and Shadow DOM was really beneficial here because we could build a simple graph, this graph component, as a self-contained component with a simple public API, and all of its complex implementation details neatly hidden away. Since all of the SVG nodes are within the element's shadow root, they're protected from the rest of the app's code and CSS styles. Moving on to the Netflix Data Explorer. And as the name suggests, this is a tool that allows our engineers to explore and update their data in our cloud data stores. So here we're looking specifically at the Data Explorer for Dynamite, our key value store that's built on top of Redis. Although the app's architecture allows us to layer in support for other data stores as well. So using the Redis API, Dynamite Explorer allows users to search for data by keys. Now, we needed to scale to handle millions of keys per cluster. So we used a virtualized list, like the awesome iron list element, an infinite scroll style pagination to keep the UI running smoothly without skipping a beat. So you can see that it's handling about like 145 million keys in this case. In addition to simple data types like strings, Dynamite Explorer also supports complex data types, like JSON values, hashes, lists, sets, and sorted sets. And with Data Explorer, our engineers no longer need to figure out which boxes to hop on to and what data store specific commands they need to run, when they simply need to look up or update some data. So you may have noticed that this app heavily makes use of the paper and iron elements along with the material design styling. So having this rich palette of well-built, well-tested components available to us allowed us to rapidly prototype and build out this UI in a very short period of time. So we could spend time also building out and optimizing our Node.js API layer, as well as like adding additional features, like single sign-on, auditing, and so on. And last but not the least is Winston Studio, our app for operational runbook automation. So let's say you're an on-call engineer, and whenever you get paged in the middle of the night for a particular issue, you perform a series of steps from a runbook to diagnose and fix the issue. So Winston is our internal platform that lets you automate those steps in response to alerts. And Winston Studio is the web app that they use to wire up, author, and test these automations. So here's an example of a simple automation that collects logs from a service and emails them to me when a health check failure email fires. So you can edit the Python code for this automation right in the browser itself with syntax highlighting and basic syntax checks. And before promoting it to test or prod, you can actually test this incrementally with a fixed set of input parameters. So this is another unique app compared to some of our other examples, because it's almost like an IDE in the browser itself. We're using Codemirror for the editor component here. And the nice thing about a component-based app architecture is that we can lazy load some of these larger third-party dependencies, only when a user actually gets to this page in the app. So those were just some of the many apps that we've been busy building using Polymer within Netflix. To recap, here are some of the interesting takeaways that emerge from some of these app examples. So custom elements and shadow DOM give us a great encapsulation model, allowing us to build complex components with simple public APIs and shadow routes that shield them from global styles. Themeability can be achieved using CSS custom properties and the add-apply mix-in. And we're also looking forward to the part and theme specs that we talked about earlier. Web workers are a great way to do background work off of the main UI thread. Virtualized lists, like the iron list, for example, combined with paginated APIs can give us fast, fluid performance, even when we're dealing with huge amounts of data. And a component-based app architecture allows us to lazy load just the dependencies we need for the views that a user has requested. All right, so now if you're looking closely, you may have noticed that many of these apps have a lot of things in common. So modern web development across most libraries and frameworks these days is centered around apps composed of components. In the case of Polymer, these components are web components, or more specifically, custom elements. In this section, I'll talk about our approach to building component libraries and some tooling that we built for a better developer experience. So being a small team with lots of apps to build and improve and maintain, we take a more pragmatic approach to building new components. When we can find high-quality, styleable components in the vibrant open-source ecosystem, and there are many, we use them and build on top of them rather than reinventing our own. We then augment these with our own elements that are specific to our internal use cases. And we use CSS custom properties and the app apply mixins from our internal style guide to apply consistent styling across all of these components in terms of colors, typography, spacing, and so on. Now, when it comes to building our own components, we also wanted to have a consistent and streamlined developer experience. This includes things like scaffolding out new elements and iterating on them, generating API docs, demo pages, and making it really easy to do semantic versioning when you need to release new versions of your elements. So a couple of years ago, before the awesome Polymer CLI as we know it today existed, we built the reboot CLI internally. So this is a command-line tool that a developer can install using NPM, and then use it to scaffold up new components with a consistent structure, a common ESLint profile, and a set of common NPM tasks to perform various actions. The NPM run dev task, like you probably expect, just fires up a polyserve dev server so you can begin building and iterating on your new component. But there are a couple of other interesting things that the reboot CLI can do. The first of these is auto-generating API docs for an element's properties and events. So we do this by piping the element definition through a custom Babel plugin that traverses the syntax tree and generates a markdown file, containing the list of property names, their types and descriptions, list of custom events, the element emits, and so on. And this also includes links to the specific line numbers in the source code for all of these things. So having this in a markdown file makes it really easy to look up the API docs for an element either directly in the Git or stash repo where it lives, or in our element catalog where we convert that to HTML. The second is easy and consistent semantic versioning of elements. So when you're ready to release a new version of your element, you simply run npm run release and you tell it if this is a major, minor or patch version bump. Reboot version then automatically figures out what the current version number is, auto increments the appropriate position in the version string, updates packet JSON, creates the Git tag and pushes to origin all in one quick step. So as you can see, we've been using Polymer One for a little while now and we've built a bunch of components and a bunch of apps and now it's time to start migrating all of those over to Polymer Two. So we just started going down that path fairly recently. So I thought I'd share an approach we're taking depending on sort of what the app type is and so on. So to start with, we're making the latest stable version of Polymer One, the baseline across all of our shared elements and the apps that use them. This basically ensures that we can safely use hybrid style elements everywhere. It's a good practice to regularly keep up with the latest Polymer versions anyway. So this step shouldn't involve any big breaking changes. Now we recently started working on a couple of brand new apps. These were perfect candidates for actually starting out with the new Polymer Two library and ES6 classes for the app specific elements. But these new apps also depend on some shared elements from our component catalog, right? So we took this opportunity to convert those shared legacy elements to the hybrid style so that they can work in both Polymer One apps and the new Polymer Two apps that we're building. When we eventually have ES6 class versions of those shared components, we can simply swap those in and now we have a fully migrated Polymer Two app. But what about existing apps, right? Existing apps, I think we can take two different approaches depending on the size, complexity and rate of change. So for small apps and apps that aren't being updated much anymore, we start using Polymer Two and upgrade their app specific elements directly to ES6 classes. Because these apps are small and not changing very frequently, we can skip the intermediate step of converting these to hybrid elements. And again, once when we have the shared elements upgraded to ES6 classes as well, we can simply swap those in and we have a fully migrated app. For larger apps and ones that are still like in active development, things get a little trickier. It's a bit more challenging to do a big bang migration all at once. So for such apps, we started converting their app elements to the hybrid style first while still running the Polymer One.9 version of the library. Once that's done, we can just replace Polymer One with Polymer Two and continue running in hybrid mode. Any new app specific elements that we're writing now will then be written as ES6 classes and we can retroactively start converting some of the older app elements to the ES6 style as well. And again, like the previous two cases, once the shared elements are upgraded as well, we simply swap those in and we have a fully migrated app. So those are just some of the different strategies we can take depending on what type of app we're talking about. And that brings us to our last topic, which is state management. Also happens to be my favorite one probably just because of the Stranger Things reference. So as we were working on a number of apps, especially larger ones, composed of lots of nested components, we started running into some pain points around state and shared states specifically. So let's briefly dive into what the problem was using a couple of examples. So say you've got a parent component and its child that share some common bit of state. A common pattern in such a situation is to make the parent component the source of truth for that state and pass it down to the child as a property. If the child then needs to change the value of that state, it simply emits an event that the parent listens for. The parent then makes a change to that property and passes it back down to the child and everything just works. But consider this example. Here's a deeply nested child that cares about the same bit of state as a parent a few levels up. In this case, the property has to be passed down every intermediate component in the hierarchy, even though these intermediaries don't really care about that state besides just passing it down. So they're just acting as pass-throughs. Same thing with the events bubbling up from the child. And here's another situation. In this one, two sibling components need to share a bit of common state. So now you have to find a common parent ancestor and store the state in that, even though it doesn't actually do anything with that state besides passing it down to the children as properties. This example also illustrates a potential problem when a refactor or design change causes one of these child components to move elsewhere in the visual hierarchy. You now have to move this component there, find a new parent, a new common parent, and then play the property passing game all over again. So it turns out that there's a very popular project Redux that aims to ease some of this pain. It's described as a predictable state container for JavaScript apps. And you heard Kevin talk about this a little earlier today as well. So we've had several teams within Netflix using Redux quite successfully with React, but there's nothing really React-specific about Redux. So we've started experimenting with it in some of our larger Polymer apps as well. So the central concept in Redux is a store, which is an object tree containing all of the shared state for an application. Properties on individual components can be mapped to specific slices of the store so that they're automatically updated when the state changes. Components can also dispatch actions to the store when they need to update some part of the state. So this is great because our shared state now all lives in one place and is only passed to components that actually care about it. So an open source library called Polymer Redux by Christopher Turner makes using Redux with Polymer quite simple. Once your component class extends a mix and create of this library, you can add the state path to any of your property definitions and they'll basically change whenever the store updates that value of the path in the state tree. Components also inherit a dispatch method from the mix-in that they can use to dispatch actions instructing the store to make a state change. So what's next for our experiment with Redux? Well, firstly, we're still evaluating. So Redux may or may not be the right solution for every app type or every use case. So we're still trying to figure out where it makes sense to use it versus not. Second, in apps that are using Redux, most of our shared app state already lives in this Redux store. But there's also this additional state that lives in the URL in the form of path parameters and query parameters. So could we have the Redux store capture some of that as well so the app can now handle all of that state in the same way? Can we keep the URL in the Redux store in sync bi-directionally? So that's something that we've just started exploring recently, just a few weeks ago, in fact. It looks something like this. So similar to how the Polymer Redux library has the state path concept, we can declare like this query parameter here. And then our mix-in now is responsible for keeping the URL always in sync with the Redux store. So our app now needs to... Our app can basically read the state exactly the same way. So diving into the depths of Redux can be a whole talk in and of itself. And we don't really have much time for that today. Props down and events up works really great in many, many cases. And you should stick to that pattern if it's working for you. But if you'd like to learn more about Redux here and how it can be used with Polymer, here are some resources that you can check out. So there's the Redux site itself, of course. There's the Polymer Redux library that I mentioned. And then there's these couple of awesome polycast videos on YouTube by Rob Dodson that actually show you how to use the Polymer Redux library as well as do some of the async stuff with it using thunks. Yeah, and that covers everything I wanted to talk to you about today. Again, my name is Kunal Kundajee and you can find me on Twitter as atkunal. Thank you for being a great audience and have an awesome time at the rest of the summit.


but pretty painful the next few weeks for the West Indies fans watching this, Faiz. If it were only a few weeks, it would be bearable, but it's six weeks, six weeks on a bit, Lance. You know, there's a word intro to that vehicle called tabanka. Yes. Tabanka means you have this longing, this yearning for a loved one. Well, this is a cricket tabanka because to think that this is a World Cup where the West Indies were the first champions, the second champions could have been the third, but for that upset, set the trend, set the standard. And during the tournament, I'm sure you're going to hear some of the great names of West Indies cricket being mentioned with a sense of awe by a lot of the commentators.


And so begins the rest of Sanji's life as a balloon. I guess ladies and gentlemen welcome back to the channel My name is Jack the Buster I should know be we have episodes 288 and 289 of our one piece watch through today And now in the last ones the fights against CP9 really kicked off and by kicked off I mean Sanji not being able to hurt Khalifa because you know is a little chivalry thing and a lot more with with Soga King and Zoro being handcuffed together. It's a lot chopper coming in to save Nami Nami Going I guess starting the her fight against Khalifa Sue here So we're gonna hop into it without wasting any time if you knew the channel drop a sub and let's get started Oh, he's back. Oh no, this is gonna be a real problem with both of them.  I'll start calling him a cat. He's deserved it He's our knit The gates are huge man. It's crazy There is a building right in front of it. It's not just the gates like in the water. He really is gonna slingshot She has she has info. Yeah I like that POV of him moving I feel like I should apologize to shimney for him. My goodness gracious. So anyways, just go down there Yeah, so it is a tunnel straight up just through the gates. You don't have to get through the gates I was gonna say it's otherwise. It's gonna be impossible. There's no way they're getting a ship through there, man I'll think it's impossible in one piece though Maybe don't bring a child Luchi's servant I love how it's specified. I was like, wait, is she talking about spandem? No, that's pretty based. I won't even lie Chimney based. Oh, there's the door gotta get through there He's asking this child to try to open it There's no way he's just gonna try to punch it. There is no way Sucking gear does seem kind of OP, but I don't I don't know man. Those look pretty secure There's no way dude.  What just happened? Do you see those little tippy taps? I feel like it uses so much power that it reduces his size maybe Oh my gosh, he's going through. He's he's actually going Yeah, there's no way someone can get through that door I love how luchi's just on it about everything and spandem his leader.   Okay, so it's for a limited time It's a long tunnel. I guess it goes pretty far if it goes actually through the gates Man, I thought it was gonna be a lot longer for them to get through those doors And it was going to be like the whole crew going through It's gotta be the double fruit So i'm guessing her double fruit like I said isn't zoan because like changed him Got the fountain going The bath You're not me. I mean I mean all right I'm a problem Frankie. Come on I'm right here just right above him triangle jet. Wait, what did he just throw? It's like shurikens. Oh my gosh.  I like how much application there is to Frankie everything about his body. He's pretty cool Oh, no, now he's really out of juice The hair is down Oh, man, he got he cut to the core of him. He figured him out though. What makes him mad and emotional killer Oh my gosh, he just took that just ate it. It's the speed speed of a finger, but five Oh shoot Oh Oh my gosh, it's a battle of titans iron titans Underpants wait, what was that to do with anything? Oh The kitchen this is where you needed to be Change first damn that one was personal. Oh dude He's super better be freaking terrified if he if Frankie's able to get some cola Oh more fights molding together too. Oh my god that fridge is huge. Wait. No, he's the cola Wait, what if they don't have cola here and cola that like fits inside of them The punk dang chopper. Oh dang Kind of true. I mean not really though because they would have found out about the Mary anyways I feel like Frankie's really gonna pop off if he if he's like, yeah powered up Chopper nothing makes sense anymore A tea break you should talk to Khalifa bro. She had one Oh no, oh shadow clone jutsu wait, what he has no juice Oh, no chopper. You better get this man some cola. Dang he's laying under him He's gonna come busting it. Was he thinking a nap? Here we go. Nice. Nice load them huge. Here we go, baby. It's game time. It is game time Wait, does he have like too much? Wait, what? Oh, it's not cola. Oh my gosh His hair shape changed because it was vegetable juice.  What is it this time? Oh, is it like alcohol? Oh He's so chill. Oh, is it tea? Wait, what would happen if he put energy drinks in him? Oh my gosh. I feel like he'd be like hyper mode, bro That looks like cola. Oh, no, he's gonna try to hit him out of the air Load him. Oh Did he save the cola? He loaded him. I think Oh my gosh. Oh my gosh Frankie dude's reloaded. It's go time, baby Yeah, surely it doesn't make a difference Oh, oh shoot.  Hey, that's what's up. That's what's up the clouds changed, bro Bro Wait, did he put him out of commission? He looks down down He's like, you're right, but now they're not all right Well, that seems to be sort of the conclusion of that fight unless you can get up from that Which if he can I don't know there's much of a hope because I feel like Frankie at full power is absurdly strong, but you know what he's not probably as strong as third gear luffy. What was that man? That door looked like 20 feet thick and like all steel. He just hit right through it It looked like from whatever it was showing it. Like he grew like he was growing when it happened So I don't know the extent of it But my goodness I cannot wait for the inevitable day that we ever see it in action Who knows maybe a second year won't be enough for luchin. He'll have to use it either way I like having that kind of in the back of our minds like, okay, when when when's it gonna happen 289? Let's get it Hell yeah, Frankie at a boy Tell you something oh Yeah, what key does he have once they can get zoro and so get king unleashed. It's all over and he's done So 100% he's got them them blank eyes. I have a good feeling that he has their key It's gonna how it's gonna rope them back in He's up. Oh my gosh, I just I didn't expect that I have to say the least that was like putting a full power punch from Frankie What is that? Oh that looks so uncomfortable. He has the bf like the battle Frankie thing. That's so cool Frankie Chasing like homing cannonballs Actually homing wait could they even follow shave because that goes fast Dang dude, Frankie is literally the definition of bill different Oh Those did those did not track at all Oh You can't help but love him. Yeah, it looks so uncomfortable though Is he just like constantly shaved shaving? Oh, what the is he just like moving around? Oh my god He was just chilling God dang dude, he can take some hits But he's gonna have to Frankie Just call them they've been trying to dodge Shigachad just catches them just takes it. Well, neither of them are I don't think double fruit users so they'd be fine on the water Yeah, because he just used those seven powers at cp9 uses Frankie.  You can't bro. You will drown you can't swim Oh, no, he broke out of the fridge. He gave up. He's two of them playing now had to happen eventually What happened? Oh my goodness gracious a little Why does chopper seem mad? It's not his fridge I don't think anybody else can do anything because nobody else knows he's out here and chopper definitely can't Save himself you gotta do it. What was it called? They taught the frog of forward crawl To moonwalk everywhere, man. That's so insane. There's such cool powers though Oh, he's gonna keep him under this is actually hella dire Frankie though He's such a strong opponent you can adjust and adapt to anything That dumpy oh no, oh it's six not seven You're gonna lose this if you keep making the first move Frankie got the blitz crank hook. Oh wait huge grab Norm is he taking him down with him? This is actually a cool fight Oh shoot chopper he has to take Frankie with him. He's just slowly puttering up It can't even make it back to shore Good job. Oh no, he's playing something. He knows what to do Oh no, this is gonna drop back to earth and land on him. I like these very Thick lines drawn on Frankie back to the tunnel. Things are ramping.   They're still chasing them I'm probably not that much time has passed.  He's not gonna wait. Jabra gotta need to go too Oh my gosh, he's gonna egg them on. Oh my god Does Zoro know how to play into it? He's smart He's got this let him talk the luffy pirates. Nice huge Mr. Giraffe that actually was a sick move though.  They might not Come on almost there It's funny because this is actually probably a conversation that would happen So in types one you could turn into an animal people to argue all the times about who's core. What's cooler? What's stronger?    I love that Dude, he's gonna be so strong to hold him like a blade So he does like swing weights to work out. What do you mean? So Hey, he's going really high up. He's going to high up. He's gonna try to drop him There's more he can do.   Yeah Dang dude. Frankie's got an answer for everything he does He's impressive, but I guess they both have like utility belts of abilities.  Oh my gosh. He's gonna land on him. Oh, no. Yeah, he's okay, dude The zipper's all man. He's done. There is no way he gets up from that, right? My goodness gracious. Okay. So the the the battles continue on we didn't get a ton with luffy in this one But I I'm assuming that's going to be sort of the last thing because confronting luchi That's going to be the probably the hardest fight of them all and I think it's going to Include luffy having to either use second and possibly third gear But I don't know man second might be enough from what we saw it Maybe it's like the sort of thing where it's teased us with third gear now And now it's not going to be a thing for a while and we're just going to have to sit on it And just wait for the moment where he's pushed to that because the way we saw second gear It seems like that would be enough for luchi But I mean who knows dude Honestly not to mention the the fact that spandam still has buster call at his will if he wants that to happen But they're already like almost to the gates I'm guessing so at that point Wouldn't they just be in like the heart of of like a navy base either way that's been for episodes 288 289 Over one piece was through I appreciate you guys for watching as per usual and I'll catch you in the next one Peace


The last method for sharing the visualizations that you create in raw that I want to talk about is embedding. Now here I've created a stream graph using the music data. And you know, it's kind of my neat little wavy chart here. And I'm going to come down to this box right here, the embed code. And what we have here is a whole lot of code that we can use to recreate this graph in web pages. Now there are two ways that you can use this. One is to create a web page using just this code.  Then I'm going to go to a text editor. Here I am in text edit on my Mac, and I'm just going to paste that code into it. And you can see it's really super long and cryptic. And it's hard to tell what's going on here. But we can do this, we can save this file. And let's call it stream graph. And I'm going to manually change the extension from txt to html, which is what we'd use for a web page. I'll save it to download hit save. Until yes, I want to use HTML. I'm going to close that one right there. And then if I go to my downloads, here I've got my page. And if I do a little quick view, you can see it right there. And I can just open it up in Chrome. And voila, what we have is the image, even though it's built up of that giant, huge collection of coordinates and commands right there, we get the same image that we had before. And I can zoom in on it again, because it is a vector graphic. That's a great way to do things. Now that's what you would do if you are able to create entire web pages and put them, you know, in a folder and have them be part of what you're doing. On the other hand, if you're using a web service like Squarespace or WordPress, you're going to do a slightly different approach. Let me go back and just copy this again, make sure I've got it. And then I'm going to go to a page I created in Squarespace, just for embedding and visualization. Got my guy working on the computer there. And I'm going to come down here and say I'm going to edit this page. And then I'm going to say that I want to embed some code. And again, that little square with the three is from my password manager. So ignore that. I'm going to click on the code thing here at the end and paste in my code. I'll hit set and apply. And now I'll save this. And we can even open it back up to preview. And there I have it, there is the same visualization, but not an image, it's produced through code through HTML based code that I was able to embed in my page. And now it's part of my web page. And that's a really convenient way to do it. It's a nice way to do it because it is still a vector graphic. Normally, I would embed a image file like a PNG. But if I wanted to be infinitely scalable, then this method of embedding the code is an ideal way to do that.


Now in this question, we have to find out the zeros of the polynomial fx equals abx square plus b square minus acx minus bc So this is a given quadratic polynomial. So coefficient of x square you can see this is ab Coefficient of x is b square minus ac and the constant term is minus bc, isn't it? And we have to find the roots and verify the relationship between the zeros and the coefficients, right? So how to find out the zero so you know Finding out zero is nothing but finding those values of x which make fx zero. So we are saying fx is equal to zero We have to find those values of x for which x is zero Okay, so let us write abx squared minus So it is plus b square minus acx minus bc equals zero now if you know the quadratic formula or Sridhara Sridhara Charya's Rule you can always find that but we will try and see if we can split the middle term now if you see the product of the coefficient of x square and the constant term is nothing but ab times minus bc Which is minus ab square c, isn't it? Now the same thing can also be seen as b square minus ac if you see these are the two You know the split terms if I multiply this also you'll get the same thing so hence and thankfully it's given in the question itself, right? so now We can write this particular equation as abx square plus b square x Minus acx minus bc equals zero Now taking bx common from the first two term you'll get ax plus x sorry ax plus b is it yeah and Taking c common minus c common you'll get ax plus b again. This is equal to zero So hence this can be written as ax plus b times bx minus c is equal to zero that means ax plus b is equal to zero or bx minus c equals to zero that means x is equal to minus b upon a or x is equal to Plus c upon b so the zeros of the quadratic polynomial here is the zeros are zeros zeros are alpha let us say alpha is equal to minus b by a and Beta is equal to c by b So alpha plus beta will be is equal to nothing but minus b by a plus c by b Which is nothing but minus b square plus ac by a b Is it it and now let us also write the if you see the given quadratic polynomial was this so here the b term the coefficient of x is this much and coefficient of a b is this So hence sum of roots from there will be nothing but minus coefficient of x upon coefficient of x squared isn't it so if you see alpha plus beta is minus coefficient of x divided by coefficient of x squared So what is coefficient of x guys if you see coefficient of x is this much here So b square minus ac and this minus sign is because there was a minus sign here and divided by coefficient of a x square Which is a b right so I divided that and if you see we get the same as The left hand side so this is a b now if you see Both by actually summing the roots and from the formula of some of roots we get the same thing so hence verified So some of roots very fine isn't it? Now let us say what is alpha times beta that is product of roots product of roots is nothing but minus b by a the first Roots I'm not I'm not supposed to use the word roots product of zeros So minus b by a into c by b is nothing but minus c by a This is the product of the zeros now product of the zeros from the expression is alpha beta is given as nothing but constant term constant term divided by coefficient of x square isn't it so what is constant term guys let's check constant term was minus BC right so constant term was minus BC and the coefficient of x square was a b so it's nothing but minus c upon a so again if you see Both are same Right both are same so one we found out the actual product of the zeros and the other we found out the zeros the product of zeros from The the polynomial itself without actually doing anything or without solving the equation or without finding the actual zeros both Match so hence here also it is verified Product of roots also verified


We have the Ducky Apple Festival here this weekend, and sure, it makes you think. We have plans for different types of events, whether it's a weather event, whatever might happen. But sure, in the job that I do in law enforcement, Fire Rescue EMS, all first responders, I mean, it's constantly on our mind. We all know that it can happen. If you should see anything suspicious that creates just some part of a concern, report it.


I came across this Castile business and it's going on very well because people are also recommending my product to other people after they try it. They're telling other people, say, wow, this one is waking. It's good to be back home. My cousin, she went to South Africa. So I could see that her life was different from how she was here. So I was attracted, I said, maybe if I go the pastures, greener, that side, so I said, let me try. So I went there but then the experience I had there and what I was expecting, it was different. I was more like an illegal immigrant. I felt very good because when I was approaching, I didn't know I would be given an opportunity for business management training. So it was like an eye opener. That's where I started hearing about value addition and how we manage our finances. We don't mix business money from personal money. We're not supposed to do that and we must keep records. Then they gave us the capital for businesses, the first tranche and then after the few months we were given another second tranche of the money. I was there in a shop buying castor oil manufactured in India when we can manufacture castor oil in Malawi and in some other places, they grow on their own. That is what caught my attention to say I can get those peas and maybe come up with something. Yeah, I want to build this business. It must grow. It must grow big. I have targets. I think I want to reach out to 15,000 customers like in a year. I've learned a lot from the business. And with the experience that I have, I have potential for growth. And sometimes when you're having challenges, I can tell them they help me with maybe technical issues. So we knew if you need anything you can always contact them. You know Malawi is not that poor. It's reaching resources. It's just a matter of realizing how we can take the resources into finished products that can bring us money. I'm very proud. I didn't expect I would grow this far. I see the future is bright.


It's time for the Lawn Jean Chronoscope, a television journal of the important issues of the hour, a presentation of the Lawn Jean Wettner Watch Company, maker of Lawn Jean, the world's most honored watch, and Wettner, distinguished companion to the world honored Lawn Jean. Good evening. This is Frank Knight. May I introduce our co-editors for this edition of the Lawn Jean Chronoscope? Larry Lasser from the CBS News staff and Lewis Banks, associate editor of Time magazine. Our distinguished guest for this evening is Leonard W. Hall, chairman of the Republican National Committee.  You pick the right men for the jobs, you make the plans, and then you've taken supplies in the form of money. Well, then comes D-day or election day in this case, and your men are on their own. I know what you can do is sit back and wait. Well, Mr. Hall, you're battling tradition this time, too. The tradition that two years after a major presidential election, the opposition party always takes a few seats in Congress. What do you think of your prospects of winning that battle? Well, we're going to win it, Larry. We're going to win it because I think we have a similar situation to the one in 1934. We have a very popular president. We have a president who presented a very popular program to the Congress. A great percentage of that program has been enacted, and for that reason, I think we're going to have another 1934. 1954 is going to see an increase of Republican votes in both houses of Congress. Well, the Democratic National Chairman was on this program only last week, and he thought that enthusiasm about the election was pretty spotty around the country. Do you feel the same way about it? I would have said yes two or three weeks ago, but I think, Larry, by reading the papers and by talking with people, you'll find that the enthusiasm has grown in the last 10 days, and I think the reason for it is this. Mr. Eisenhower made a speech in a Hollywood Bowl, you remember? He made another one in Denver. He made another one last night in Washington. He's been on a trip today, and I think that sparked the whole campaign as far as we're concerned. Mr. Hall, on this trip of his, the president reminded the voters that the red herring was the way the last administration characterized communism in government. Now, does this mean that you're bearing down on the issue of internal communism in these last days of the campaign? It will be one of the issues. We have had surveys made, and those surveys indicate that communism is still a great issue in the United States. Yes. What are the other issues that your surveys show you were important at the last minute? Well, I think the overall, the overriding issue is the Eisenhower program, and that includes, of course, cutting costs of government, tax reductions, great security program, eliminating the diversions of government, and so on. Well, Mr. Hall, if I may say so, your opponents have claimed that the president's desire to campaign on his administration's record has been crossed up by Vice President Nixon, who has desired to campaign on the issue of communism in past governments. Now, do you agree about that? Well, I think if you read the papers just this morning, the president wrote to Mr. Nixon and congratulated him upon the hard work he's doing in this campaign. So I don't think there's any crossing up at all. I think Mr. Nixon's doing a yeoman's job in getting around the country and as vice president and as president of course, no one could ask more than the president has done in the last few weeks. Mr. Hall, during the long McCarthy army hearings, I think you decided publicly that Senator McCarthy wouldn't be much of an asset to you in this campaign. Now, Senator McCarthy has made a statement to the papers in which he urges all Republicans to unite in the elected Republican Congress with one notable exception, and that's in New Jersey. Now, in the light of his new statement, would you favor financing a campaign trip for him in these last days of the campaign? We have nothing like that on the books. Do you think he's hurt? His one exception was Mr. Case in New Jersey, whom he said he wouldn't endorse. Do you think he's hurt Case's battle for the Senate? I'm going to answer that by saying we're solidly behind Mr. Case and we are supporting all candidates who are behind the Eisenhower program. Mr. Case is the duly nominated candidate in Jersey. He has said he will support the Eisenhower program and we're doing everything we can to elect him. I'd like to ask you a hypothetical question, Mr. Hall. If you were to lose in New Jersey and Massachusetts and New York, would that mean that control of the Republican Party would go back to the Midwestern wing of the party, which has been anti-Eisenhower? Well, I think you're wrong in your premise that any part of the country has been anti-Eisenhower. Surveys indicate that he's popular in every state in the union and I can't go along with the other premises because I don't like that. If we lose them, we're not going to lose them. Well, suppose we put it this way, if certain senators were to win like Case in New Jersey and Burke in Ohio, although he's a Democrat and Douglas in Illinois, other liberal senators, would this mean that Eisenhower would be stronger in 1956? Well, I certainly can't go along with any premise which would make Mr. Eisenhower stronger if any Democrat were elected this time. The president himself has stated definitely he wants a Republican Congress and irrespective of the outcome, it's indicated that the president is still very very popular and nothing has happened to affect that popularity. Mr. Hall, there's some suspicion among Washington correspondents that certain right-wing elements of the Republican party would gladly even endure defeat of some candidates, particularly Mr. Case, in order to strengthen their own hold on the party. Do you feel an internal struggle in the party that's this desperate? Well, there's no internal struggle at all and the best way, as Al Smith used to say, is look at the record and when the chips were down in the Congress, I don't believe we have another period in history where a party stuck together, as our party did on the essential elements of the Eisenhower program. On the main issues, they voted right down the line and that's the test. Well, I wonder if you would agree that a Democratic Congress would stand up and support President Eisenhower if they took control in the congressional elections? Well, in the last Congress, Republicans supported the president about 80% of the time. Democrats supported him on the average about 40% of the time. I think that answers your question. In order to take another approach to this, supposes there would be a Republican line slide in Congress. Do you think that President Eisenhower would have an enormous strength in Congress, perhaps the most enormous hold or the strongest hold that any presidents had in the history of the Republic? Because they've all campaigned, he's helped them win. Well, I think his victory in 1952 indicated he's one of the strongest men we've ever had in public life and of course anything that would go along that same line would make that strength larger, but it's it's pretty difficult for me to see him any stronger than he is today because he's a very strong person, a very great man in the united states and very popular with the people. Mr. Hall, you said before that your figures seem to indicate that you've come up in the last 10 days. Why do you account for that? What's been your strongest issue, do you think? I think the one big thing that accounts for it is the fact that the president has been making these television broadcasts to the people and laying the issues flatly on the line as to what it would mean to him if a democrat congress were elected. I believe the people still have great faith in the president and because of his activity, we have seen a resurgence, a spark in the whole campaign. Republicans are alive all over the country and the independence and democrats who voted for Mr. Eisenhower in 1952 are again carrying on their campaign to elect republican candidates for both houses who will support Mr. Eisenhower. Mr. Hall, nevertheless Mr. Eisenhower is on on the ticket and there has been a trend, I think we'll have to admit for the democrats previous to this last week. Now, what do you think your weakest issue has been? I don't, it's hard to say what is your weakest issue. I think we can't answer it in that way. We had an apathy of voters. That apathy in part was caused by the fact that many people who voted for Mr. Eisenhower were well satisfied with what has happened down there and thought they could sit back and it would continue without them participating this fall. I wouldn't say we had a weak issue. I would hardly know what to point at. What do you think that foreign policy may have been a weaker issue? Actually, the administration has been accused by its opponents of conducting its foreign policy on a basis of sloganeering of massive retaliation of new looks at this and that. Now, do you think that's a fair accusation? Well, when you look at the situation as it was when we took over and look at the world today, it's quite a different picture. Iran settled, Suez settled, Guatemala settled, the situation in Europe settled, the war and career over will go to the people on the records as far as foreign policy is concerned and that has not been something that happened in the last few days. It has been a gradual situation created by the fact that at last we've got firm leadership so far as foreign policy is concerned in the White House. Do you worry a little about the farm vote, Mr. Hall? Reports no. For instance, I talk with people all over the country and I have no worry about that at all. Number one, I think the farmers know that if no one else knows that we are still working under this law that was passed by Democrat Congress and if there are low prices in certain areas, well, the law that if it has anything to do with the law was passed by Democrat Congress, the laws that Mr. Eisenhower asked for and were passed have not gone into operation yet. Mr. Hall is an old political tradition that people don't vote for somebody. They vote against someone. Now, if you agree with that, could you tell us what you think the people are going to vote against this time? Well, first, I think there's a great affirmative vote this year because of confidence in the president and his program. Secondly, however, I think there may be a vote against because I do not believe that our people want to go back to trumanism. 34 million people decided in 1952 they wanted no more of that and I believe they still have that on their minds and they will indicate it by their vote next Tuesday. Well, do you think that this that the elections are going to be a horse race or are they going to be a sweep for one side or the other? I have said that my feeling is that we would have the Senate by at least two seats and the House by at least 15 seats. I would call that a pretty close election. I see. Well, thank you very much for taking out this time Mr. Hall for coming up here and talking to us. Good to be with you. The opinions expressed on the Launcine Chronoscope were those of the speakers. The editorial board for this edition of the Launcine Chronoscope was Larry Lesser and Lewis Banks. Our distinguished guest was Leonard W. Hall, chairman of the Republican National Committee. The old words accuracy and reliability take on a new and a true meaning when applied to a Launcine watch. Because one knows where one stands with time all the time, a Launcine watch brings you priceless peace of mind. Now for almost a century, Launcine has made watches which by observatory measurements have consistently been equal to or superior to the highest achievements of each decade. Further proof is found in this fact. Among the finest watches of the world, only Launcine watches have been honored with 10 World's Fair Grand Prizes and 28 Gold Medals. Yet though Launcine is one of the finest of all watches, there are many beautiful models for both ladies and gentlemen for as little as 70, 150. Whatever the type, whatever the style, Launcine has made it for you. So when next you buy a watch for yourself or perhaps as a Christmas gift to someone near and dear to you, remember these facts about Launcine watches. And remember too, that throughout the world millions of men and women agree that the satisfaction which comes from owning a Launcine watch is above and beyond price. Launcine, the world's most honored watch, the world's most honored Christmas gift, premier product of the Launcine Witner Watch Company since 1866, maker of watches of the highest character. This is Frank Knight, reminding you that Launcine and Witner watches are sold and serviced from coast to coast by more than 4,000 leading jewelers who proudly display this emblem. Agency for Launcine Witner watches. At Launcine Witner Jewelers, the Atmos, the perpetual motion clock created by La Kultra. Atmos runs without winding, without electricity, powered only by variations in the temperature of the atmosphere. Atmos, product of La Kultra, division of Launcine Witner.


Hello, my name's Lucy and I'm a care and support broker. I come from a logistics background for the last 25, 30 years. I went along to a local job fair in Horsham. The West Sussex County Council had team members on hand to discuss current jobs that were on offer within West Sussex. And they were able to advise how I could search for them online. I went home and had a look and I found it very easy to navigate all of the jobs that were on offer and came across the role of care and support broker for the combined placement and sourcing team. I read the job description and felt there was something I'd like to have a look at. So I gave Rachel Pearson, the team leader, call and she took the time to explain to me what the job entailed and gave me a run through on what an average day within the team was gonna be like. I completed the application and I was successful in being offered a position and started in February this year. So a couple of months on and I'm enjoying working with the team and have a work buddy to help guide me through the process until I'm confident to pick them up myself which I am or I think I am quite well.  It's very different to what I had been working with. I've been a lorry mechanic for a few years and working with customers that you've always got to get their vehicles ready and everything. So now I find that I do enjoy the job and it's really, it's very different and it's nice to be helping people. So I'm really pleased with that. I'm working at West Sussex County Council and I'm learning new skills every day.


Adventures by Morse. Courtney Morse presents The Land of the Living Dead, featuring Captain Friday. If you like high adventure, come with me. If you like the stealth of intrigue, come with me. If you like blood and thunder, come with me. Mrs. Santos had struck another blow against the Dr. English Expedition. Captain Friday, Skip Turner and Dr. English, had struggled up the two miles of underground stairway to the Sun, in the hope of reaching the sacred city and saving the doctor's daughter Judith, before she fell into the hands of Maya Naib, high priest of the Brotherhood of the Living Dead. On their way up the stairs, they captured Tula, the Green-eyed Priestess known as Robert English's murderer. Captain Friday, without giving any reason to skip or the doctor, let her escape. Yes, I did do that, but almost immediately after, however, she helped the three of us overcome the Jakota Indian Guards at the head of the stairway, giving us free access to the sacred city. As we were on the point of descending from the high cliff into the city, Mrs. Santos appeared on the scene. Armed with a revolver, she ordered us into a big stone chamber at the head of the stairway. Dr. English broke down and offered Mrs. Santos his precious map, which led to the secret passage in the legendary room full of Jakota Gold, if she would return his daughter Judith safely from the sacred city. And then came an unexpected blow. Mrs. Santos announced that she didn't want the map, that she now knew more than the map could possibly tell her. Dr. English, go into that chamber quickly. Just a minute, Mrs. Santos. Not another word, Captain Friday, or I shoot. Do as I say. And there. That is right. There, I have you where I want you now. Yeah, but what's the big idea, locking yourself in here with us? Mrs. Santos, what's to prevent us from taking that gun from you? You will not do that, Captain Friday. You are going to listen to me. But Judith, Mrs. Santos, what of my daughter? Where is she? Has she fallen under the hands of Maya Naim? Then your English will come later. Just now there are more important matters. Nothing's more important than you. Then all the rest of us, Senor Turner, the girl is more important than the whole of the civilized world. Is that what you mean? I didn't say that, but she's my... Senores, it is time we had a showdown. I haven't been thinking that for a long time, Mrs. Santos. So far I have received nothing but discursive suspicion and inconsideration from you. Are you still pretending to be a friend? If I am not still your friend, it is you who have cast me out. Believe me, Captain, I have been working toward the end which I told you of back in San Francisco on the night that Dr. English's son was killed. You're working against Maya Naim? I have been doing so with my heart and soul. Then why are you holding us prisoners in this stone chamber? After tonight there'll be but two days left before Maya Naim strikes to wipe out all civilization.  Because such a move would be more than useless. You would all be captured or killed before you even approach the Temple of the Sun where Maya Naim resides. But even that would be better than dying in this rap hole. And that is exactly what is going to happen to all of you unless you listen to me. Well, go ahead. In the first place, I want your confidence. I want you to trust in me. Ha ha, you can't win confidence at the point of a pistol. No, I do not expect that. That's very good of you. Dr. English, do you remember when we all stood together in that dark cell under the monastery and saw the werewolf and his men with Judy take captive in their midst? Yes, Mrs. Sanders, I remember. Dr. English, do you remember what you said to me then? Yes. Repeat it. I said that if you'd saved Judith from those Jakota priests, I'd never doubt you again, that my faith in you would be complete. Good. And Captain Friday, what was it you said? I said the same, but you didn't say... Just a moment, Captain. And did you not say the same, Senior Turner? Sure I did. And do you still mean it? Yes. Yes, of course. What about you, Skip? Listen, you saved Judith and nothing else matters. And that goes for me too, Mrs. Sanders. Very well. Dr. English, see that door over there? Yes. Here is the key to it. Unlock it. Oh, my dear, it's really you. It's really you. Hey, Judith! Hey, look, it's really Judith! Mrs. Sanders, did you save Judith from Maya Nahim? See, Captain Friday. Oh, man, it looks like I owe you an apology. Why have you been so rabid against me? Why have you doubted me as you have? Well, it began back in La Jolla, when you bent over that dying Chicota priest, Excon, after he'd stabbed himself. See? I heard him whisper to you, you must strike at once if you would save Tula. Well? After that, everything you did had a mysterious side to it. First, you disappeared with Judith, then you saved us from the werewolf by some secret signal. You were in the sacrificial chamber when they had Dr. English stretched on the stone. We caught you coming out of a conference with a werewolf and a master of the sacred city. See, see, I understand that. On the other hand, Captain Friday, did you stop to figure how many times I have saved your lives since we met? How many of my mysterious acts, as you call them, were performed to save you? Yeah, that's true, Mrs. Sanders. I suppose my whole theory of suspicion was based on the words whispered to you by that Chicota priest. Strike at once if you would save Tula. Ah, see. It was pretty bitter over Robert English's death, and I had my doubts about anyone connected with Tula, the girl who killed him. Captain Friday, I am going to tell you something that no one in the world except Maya Nahib, the masters of the sacred city, and I know. Something that will sound like an Arabian night's tale. Something about Tula. About Tula? See, about Tula. It explains the meaning of the priest's words. Oh, Judith, but it's good to see you alive and safe and happy. But Judith, tell us what happened to you. Well, the werewolf made two huge Chicota Indians carry me down through a long passageway. This was right after I was captured in the monastery, and the passage seemed to lead around under the stairway to the sun. Yes, yes, we saw you go. It was when they entered that passageway we sent Mrs. Sanders out to save you. Yes, I saw her. They captured her too. Well, they put me in a chamber under the stairway, right near the torture chamber, and locked me up. Yeah, we tried to follow you. I was horribly frightened. I waited and waited, and then suddenly the door was unlocked and a huge priest entered. He didn't look like the rest of the Chicota Indians I'd seen. He looked awfully intelligent, like a scholar. One of the masters? That's what he called himself. He said he was going to take my mind away from me and give it to an Indian girl in the sacred city. Judith, then it was true. What do you mean?  Yes, yes, it was true. He took me into sort of a vault and showed me some Spaniards whose souls had been taken from them. They were laying out in a row on stone beds. They looked as though they were just sleeping. Spaniards? Yes. He said that they had been like that for 400 years, that they were some of Cortez's men. Judith, where was this vault? I must see these men. The room is just beyond the torture chamber. Skip, I'd give anything in the world to be able to take those bodies back to civilization with us. Father, how can you? Makes me ill to just think of it. Then what happened to you, Judith?  Look into his eyes? I tried to resist him. I fought his mind with every bit of me, but I couldn't. I felt myself slipping, slipping. I was losing consciousness. Then suddenly, I grew horribly dizzy and everything went black. And that's the last you remember? The next thing I knew, I was being violently shaken. It was Mrs. Santos? Yes. When I opened my eyes, Mrs. Santos was bending over me, shaking me and calling my name. She gave me something to drink. And in a moment, I felt better. Then she took me from that awful room and brought me up the stairway to the son to this chamber. Well then, you don't know what became of the master. No. We found his body behind a stone bench in a room. Mrs. Santos had stabbed him to death. Mrs. Santos? That is not so.  Oh, Mrs. Santos, I didn't know you was listening. I thought you were still in the other room with Captain Friday. It does not matter. Then who did kill the master? We found the sacrificial knife, which I gave you back in San Francisco, buried in his back. See, I know Dr. English. Do you remember telling me, Dr., that these knife would be of assistance to us down here in the La Jolla jungle? Yes. Well, it was. The werewolf killed the master. The werewolf? See, the werewolf hated the master because he was superior to himself.  And you took advantage of that? See, Captain Friday. The master ordered the werewolf to take me to the torture chamber, while he himself went to talk with Seniorita English. As we went down the stairway, I told the werewolf of the sacred Chicota sacrificial knife, which I possess. I told him how he might use it to even matters with the master.  Then I shoved him the knife and offered to give it to him if he would free me and help me to save Seniorita English. It worked like magic. Well, I don't understand. If he wanted the knife, why didn't he simply take it from you? There is a Chicota belief that to steal a sacred knife is to court everlasting punishment. Even the werewolf dared not take it from me. But he could receive it as a gift. And so he turned Judas and knifed his own master in the back. And saved the life of the Seniorita. But what's become of the werewolf, Mrs. Santos? Is he in the sacred city?  No. He is most likely even now fleeing for his life. You don't have much sympathy for him. And why should I? He wanted his revenge. I gave it to him. Dr. English, I despise a betrayer. Even though I did have to employ him. He probably deserved whatever fate held for him. Now that we once more understand each other there is much to be done. Yes. Yes, Dr. Mrs. Santos has discovered the underground passage to the Chicota treasure room. To the treasure room? You found the passage shown on my map? See. And the passage in which the treasure is hidden does not connect with the old monastery at all. It leads from the sacred city to a subterranean riverbed to the other side of that huge peak which is called the finger of God. And you found it? See, I have even explored it. Hey, did you find a Chicota's room full of gold? I had other things to do besides hunt treasures in your Turner. There is the civilization of the world to be saved. Oh, yeah. But how are we to reach the underground passage? First we must pass through the sacred city itself. And just how do we do that? This room we are in is the uppermost in this series which drop down tear after tear through this cliff. In regular cliff dweller fashion? See, by steps or ladders we may descend from room to room until we reach the level of the valley in which the sacred city stands. Mrs. Sanos, do you know what you're leading us into? Have you plans after we reach the sacred city? Dr. Dord, I have plans that are so tremendous I dare not even whisper them here. Come. When we have passed through the sacred city and reach the safety of the underground passage, I will tell you. We'll have to be lucky to ever get through the sacred city. Before we take a step through the sacred city, you are to put on these robes I have secured for you. Robes? See, they are the robes from the guards whom Tula helped you to overcome on the balcony. Then Tula did knowingly assist us. See, but enough of that. Now put on the robes. I have stain here to darken your faces. Ah, disguises, huh? You need it. A white man could not hope to walk the streets of the sacred city. Here, Senorita English, this is for you. And I will wear this one. Remember, you are not to utter a word. It would mean death. But if we are approached... Then let me do the talking. I speak the Ticota tongue. Good. There. Senorita English, you will pass. This stain is a little dark, but it will do. Now we are ready. And remember, we cannot reach the underground passage until we have safely passed through the sacred city. You must place yourselves in my hands. Copy. Yeah, man. Let's open Adam. Led by Mrs. Santos, the Dr. English Party is on its secret and dangerous passage down through the tiers of rooms leading to the sacred city of the living dead. Their faces are stained. They are wearing the garb of the Ticota Indians. To be found now means death, such as these ancient people alone know how to meet up. Are we almost there? One more set of steps. One more room to pass through, and we will be on the floor of the valley at the entrance to the city. Oh, I guess I'm about all in. I wish we could have a light. Better to travel in darkness. Senorita English, he will soon be over now. Hey, Judith, what's the matter? Something, something cold touched me. Cold? Yes, it was a hand. Are you sure? Yes. It's right in front of me. It's right in front of me. Captain Fry, they turn on your light. Here. Oh. A man hanging from the ceiling. It touched me. It touched me. Be quiet, Senorita. Turn off that light, Captain. Right. Come. We must get out of this room at once. But see here, Mrs. Santos. Be quiet. Follow close to me. There. Now we are safe. Turn on that light again, please. But, but who was it? Did none of you recognize him? Yes, yes, I saw. It was the werewolf. Werewolf? Are you sure? See, it was the werewolf. Then the fellow's already paid for killing the master. See, he has paid, but not at the hands of Mayanahi. Then who? Could you not see? Everything pointed to it.  Senor Turner, the werewolf hunged himself. Hanged it. But why? Why should he? Why did Judas hung himself? Why does any traitor hung himself? Remorse, fear, self-hate. That is why. Oh, I feel sick. Get hold of yourself, Senorita. Look, do you know what is on the other side of that door? What is it, Mrs. Santos? The sacred city. We are about to enter the sacred city. Hey, here we go. The sacred city. Not another word. Remember, do not speak a word. Heed my one last warning, or we will never reach the underground passage. Keep your eyes open. See everything. Say nothing. We are going to cross the sacred city, and there will be much to see. You three men especially. Watch for the lake of molten lava. Lake of lava? Examine it with care, but do not pause. Watch depends on what you see. Watch the lake of boiling lava. Wonderful. Wonderful. You are the first white people but one to have passed safely to the sacred city. And this is the underground passage to the Chacota Treasure Chamber. It is the underground passage. It's beyond my wildest dream, Mrs. Santos. Marvelous. Those inscriptions. CC, of course, Dr. English. It is a natural cavern. Caught through the rock by some ancient river, and worn smooth by its waters. After the waters were stopped, the ancient Chacotas came here to carve the history of the world upon the walls. But how on earth did its whereabouts become lost to the Chacota Masters? Only history could tell us that, Captain Friday. Such things do happen sometimes. And the treasure of the Chacotas is hidden somewhere in here? See, somewhere in here. But tell me, did you all examine the lake of lava in the sacred city as we passed? I certainly did, what a nasty place. It must be 200 feet from the surface of the ground down to that boiling lava. How far is the crater across? A quarter of a mile. The whole valley in which the sacred city is situated was, many centuries ago, a seething mass of white hot liquid rock like that. What an amazing phenomenon. See, and my friends, it is even more amazing the thing I propose to do. Well, please explain, Mrs. Santos. Senorys, Maya Nahi was speaking the truth when he said that he intended destroying the civilization of the world. He means it. And what is more, he has the power with which to do it. You know he has the power? See, Captain, I know. And we have only two more days in which to stop him. Ever, you said you had a plan. See, a most terrible plan. A plan that will cost thousands of people their lives. That bad, huh? It means sacrificing thousands to save millions, to save the whole world from destruction. Then horrible, as it may seem, certainly it's justified. I would gladly sacrifice my life to prevent the crime which Maya Nahi is about to commit. Well, Mrs. Santos, what is your plan? When we entered the underground passage, did you notice that the entrance is on the hillside, pointing directly down on the lava lake? That's right. And the other entrance to the passage is high on the side of that highest of all peaks I once pointed out to you. Known as the finger of God. Yeah, I remember. You said it was so tall that it caused storms in its vicinity every day. See, and it was from that conversation that I got my clue to the underground passage. When I spoke of these storms and lightning, if you remember, Senorita English Luke Starfield and Dr. English was highly annoyed. I suspected something. And so I went up on the slopes of the finger of God and stumbled on some ancient ruins. And in those ruins, I found the outer entrance to the underground passage. It was the same symbol which brought you to the secret passage in the monastery. That's good work, Mrs. Santos. It's remarkable. I never thought of it. And these ruins are on the edge of a tremendous lake. A lake on the side of the mountain? See, a lake at least a mile across, and it looks to be exceedingly deep. But I don't see what this has to do with the... Just a moment, Dr. English. What do you suppose would happen? Were that grey lake suddenly to descend into that pit of boiling lava? In heaven's name, Mrs. Santos. Exactly. There would certainly be a gaseous condition formed in the bowels of the earth that would blow the sacred city into eternity. The sacred city? Why, it had rocked the whole state of La Jolla. It had had an effect on the surface of both continents. It would wipe out Mayanahi, Dr. English. It would wipe us all out. That is my plan. I am willing to sacrifice my life. Are the rest of you willing? Yeah, but I don't get it. How are you going to get the water of the lake into the lava there? It is too easy. Even now there is but 30 feet of sandstone between the lake and the entrance to the underground passage. A little well-placed dynamite would send the whole lake rushing down to this underground passage and into the boiling lava. Holy moly. It's too big for me. I can't grasp it. I've got to think it over. But does it mean that we'll all be blown up? It may mean that, Señorita. That is the chance we will have to take. But, Mrs. Santos, there is another way. Not too much on that. Captain Friday, it may be a way. But you told me that. I have little faith in anything where Maya Nahib is concerned with Captain Friday. Oh, I see. No. If you go into this, you must do so with your eyes open, knowing that it may be your last act upon Earth. If I only had myself to consider. That's exactly how I feel about it, Doctor. You. You. Oh, I know. You're both holding back because of me. No, no. I won't have it. I'll look, Judith. I won't. If the rest of you are willing to take a chance, so am I. But, Judith, honey. I won't listen. I vote for Mrs. Santos' plan. Good for you, Judith. Doctor English, your daughter has chosen. Judith, are you sure? Father, I won't have you afraid for me. Very well. Mrs. Santos, Judith and I agree on your plan. And you, Senior Turner? Yeah, of course. Well, it's settled. Now then, when does the celebration come off? The whole city will be asleep by 10 o'clock. The best time will be tomorrow night at 10 o'clock. Then this is the night before Maya Nahib's big show. Hey, look here. I just thought of something. Well? Where are we going to get the dynamite? Senior Turner, the dynamite is, at this moment, hidden in the passage. I have seen to that. I have a friend in the sacred city. Mrs. Santos, you mean it? Captain Friday, although we do not speak. Well, there's nothing to do but wait. Nothing to do tonight and all day tomorrow but wait. Oh, if we could only do it now and get it over with, I feel like a condemned person. If you like, seniorly taintish, I can put your mind at ease.  Oh, no. No. When you say that, all I can think of is that horrible master who tried to take my mind. There, there. I should not have mentioned it. Say, I've got an idea. Yeah? What? Let's look for the Jakotas treasure chamber while we're waiting. Oh, Captain, do you suppose we could? Father's told me about the fabulous jewels and treasure of the Jakotas. Of course we can. Come on. Come on, snap out of it, Skip. Come on, Doctor. Splendid idea, Captain. It would take our minds off what is about to happen. Here, each of you take a flashlight. Everyone will set out to look for himself. The one who finds the room full of gold and jewels wins the prize. Oh, and what will the prize be, Captain? Well, we'll let Skip figure out the prize. All right. Well, why not give to find his choice of the room full of jewels? Oh, I forgot. Jewels won't do us much good after tomorrow night. Skip.  Oh, I'm sorry. Come on, Judith. You and I will go together. No, I guess I won't go after all. That last remark sort of took the pep out of me. Oh, please forget it, honey.  Well, all right. I'll come. Who's that? Is that you, Cuppytongue Friday? Oh, Mrs. Santas. You're fortunate. The rest are scattered off someplace. I've been wanting to talk to you. I thought we had come to an understanding. But if you only knew how much I had planned. Cuppytongue Friday, I ask you not to say anymore. Oh, I suppose you're right. I told you how I felt about the matter. What more can I do? I know. Put the matter out of your mind. You are only making yourself miserable by thinking about it. You can hold out no hope then. It seems strange, does it not, Cuppytongue? That only a few hours ago you were condemning me bitterly as a faithless friend. Now you talk to me about affection. I ask you again. Can you give me no hope? No more than I have given you. If this terrible project comes off as we have planned and if we escape. Oh, what is the use of talking anymore? About it until this horrible strain is passed. Mrs.  I admire you with my whole heart. And if somehow we are saved, I... Yeah, there, I won't mention the matter again. Shall we join in the search for the treasure? If you like, it does not seem to matter much to... Hey, much to... Judith found the room!  Are you certain? Yeah, yeah, come on. I'll show you. I left her there. Come on, come on. Where's Dr. English? Doctor! Hi, doctor! Yes, Captain, here I am. Come here, doctor. Judith found the treasure. She wasn't hidden at all. Just a little door off to passageway. Oh, there you are, doctor. Why, what's happened? Judith found the Chacota's room full of treasure. Where? Where? Come out of here, John. See, there's Judith's flashlight waving to us. Come on! Wait! There's something the matter. Look how that flashlight waves. Come on, Judith's in trouble! For the moment, the plan for the destruction of the sacred city in Mayanahib, its high priest, were forgotten in the excitement of finding the fabulous treasure. But with the cry of desperation from Judith, all the horror and fear of these last hours have returned to the party. Next week at this same hour, you will hear the 10th and final episode of The Land of the Living Dead. You are listening to Adventures by Morse.