Our next speaker is Yati Jeannette and Yati and I were talking this morning and I'd asked her if she'd been to North America before and she said no and she said kind of under her breath that, you know, the food in Montreal is like, she said you haven't eaten until you've been to Malaysia so I'm going to Malaysia. So Yati is with the Malaysian AIDS Council in Kuala Lumpur and today she's going to share her experience as an outspoken advocate and source of support for people who use drugs in Malaysia. Welcome Yati. I guess I'm the only one who is presenting and standing here. I just want to tell everybody that I'm nervous. Please be with me until the end of my speech. Thank you. I would like to thank the harm reduction organizers for inviting me in this esteemed plenary session to share about my personal experience as a drug user in Malaysia. I am Yati Jeannette, 42 years old, currently working at Malaysian AIDS Council for people who inject drugs, case management approach. Previously, as an outreach worker, oh yeah, let's introduce Malaysia to everybody. Okay. The population is 31 million, 13 states and three federal territories, multicultural, multi-ethnic and good food. 66 largest country, 44th most populous country in the world. I know some of you have been there during the last series in the harm reduction conference at Kuala Lumpur and yeah, the food is good. Okay. Let me introduce myself. I am Yati Jeannette, 42 years old, currently working at Malaysian AIDS Council for people who inject drugs, for case management approach, for people who inject drugs. Previously, as an outreach worker for needle sharing exchange program, at subrecipient level, later appointed as program manager on the ground in the needle sharing exchange program. Until last year, I worked at principle recipient level at a program management unit focal point for people who inject drugs. To be frank, I am a drug user. I am a woman who use drug in Malaysia. Being in prison and rehab center for several times while I'm active using. I was first introduced in the harm reduction program as an outreach worker, where I am proud to say that the logo there, the umbrella NGO, the Malaysian AIDS Council is the one who is polishing me up, who helped me up through my years, recovery years until now. Through that many years in the ground, I've seen so many things. I've seen people who use drug died. I've seen them got on treatment. I've seen some of them survived. People who use drug lived under the bridge, families tearing apart, going in and out from rehab centers and prisons for so many times. I stand before everyone here today, not only to share about my personal experience, but to talk about those people who struggle in their life. These are my friends and everybody who struggled with their lives, battling with drug addictions, to have some space to breathe. And it's all related to me as a drug user throughout my life. One cause that driving me to stay in this line of work and it's always close to my heart is issues around women who use drugs. I participated in several focus group discussions on gender-based violence sessions for women who use drugs, most of them are very close friends of mine. Facing gender-based violence from partners also in prison. Women were treated badly just because they are using drugs.  That is what happening. Clearly, I can see something is wrong in the system as most of my friends whom I met from the last 10 years still going in and out from their rehabs and prison. The war on drugs and actions. I strongly believe all this punitive approach would not help my friends in their rehab or recovery process. But it will only make my drug user's friend becoming worse. My friends out there in Southeast Asia and Malaysia specifically in the Philippines especially needs a holistic support and helps to be productive like myself today. Not continuously punishing as a drug user. Punitive and compulsory based approach will lead to various health issues such as HIV, hepatitis C, TB and other chronic illnesses. I am so proud to tell you all we have our own national strategic plan ending AIDS by 2030. Prepared by Ministry of Health together with various stakeholders lays out a comprehensive activities and plans to help people who use drugs to be on treatment. We have a very good primary health care clinic which provides free anti-retroviral treatment, free opiate substitution treatment for people who use drugs. We NGOs work closely with the government funded needle sharing exchange program and case management project is funded by the Global Fund where we refer most of our people who inject drugs to treatment, to ART and OST treatment. However, the war on drugs again posted a major risk to the success of national strategic plan ending AIDS by 2030 where we and I can see people who use drugs on ART treatment being caught and sentenced to their jail time. This will give impact to their life which also risking their life. Moving forward, people at every level, community members, NGOs, policymakers, government to work hand in hand towards achieving the same goal which is to provide life to people who use drugs with dignity. On that note, I urge the international community to support people who use drugs like myself to have equal opportunity and better quality of life whether in health and well-being. My name is Haria Tijonet and I am Women Who Use Drugs. Thank you.


I had waited a few hours. I was trying to stay up, you know what I'm saying? But I had ended up going to sleep. I had missed the FaceTime call when he went to sleep, when I went to sleep.  I'm like, damn man. So I woke up, I had waited the same time the next night.  So I had waited the same time the next day. And FaceTime, he was in, you know, he was in the Rolls Royce. You know what I'm saying? Licking his lips. He was like, he was like, what up? You know what I'm saying? I was just like, man, you did a song. He was like, yeah, up in the center now. He sent it. It was just history. Nigga, how long you smile? Shout out to Drizzy for that real nigga Drizzy. That was some real nigga Drizzy. How long you smile, nigga? Man, I ain't lying. You couldn't believe it. I just knew my life, I just knew, like, I just knew my life was gonna change. I feel like my life had already changed because, like, I was making money, like, I was making money, um, like just off the stuff I was doing. But I just knew it was gonna change. I was like, I ain't like the world for me to be able to hear me. You know what I'm saying? Right.


Okay, we'll go ahead and get started. So my name is Ava. I'm the peer advisor for computer science engineering and today we have Michigan hackers here to talk a little bit about their club. Do you want to go ahead and introduce yourself? Yeah, sure. So my name is Abik. I'm a senior majoring in computer science through the College of Engineering. And yeah, I'm the current president of Michigan hackers. I've been involved with the club ever since my freshman year. And yeah, it's outside of like work and stuff. Awesome. Okay. We'll get started first thing. Can you tell us basically what is Michigan hackers, you know, what type of majors are in there and what type of people and maybe look what the gold organization is. Yeah, sure. So Michigan hackers is basically the largest tech focused organization on campus. And the way a club is structured is that we essentially have over 10 different development sub teams. Each of these teams are basically either working on projects or doing education sessions in a certain domain of tech. So we have like Android, iOS, web, machine learning, embedded systems, security, etc. And yeah, other than that, you know, we're a very big community. So we do a bunch of corporate events with sponsors that we have. So some of the sponsors that we have are like Meta, CrowdStrike, Oracle.  This semester we're going to be going to Houston. We're going to be doing ice skating. And in terms of like the target audience for a club, it's mainly computer science majors. But we also have a lot of data science majors courtesy of like the machine learning team that we have. And given the fact that we also have an embedded systems team. We also have a couple of electrical engineering majors. Yeah, that was perfect. That's awesome. You mentioned that you guys are like the biggest tech club here. How many members would you say roughly? Yes, I mean, every semester, we generally see around 100 to 150 members. And that is excluding our leadership team. Our leadership team itself is around 25 people. And yeah, you know, we have a huge outreach. Like the, we have like weekly emails that we send which go out to around like 4,500 people. We have a Slack work space which has like 2000 people. So yeah, that's awesome. That's really cool. And then you mentioned that you guys do all types of events like social professional outreach. Are they on specific dates or are they all spread out throughout the semester? Yeah, so they're generally pretty well distributed across the semester. Obviously, you know, when it comes to like midterm season or final season, we avoid setting up like, you know, the different professional events that we are, you know, corporate events that we have around that time. I guess like in general, so our club, we have weekly meetings, which we call hack nights. And that's when our different sub teams essentially meet. And those are always on Thursdays at 7pm on our campus.  And generally when it comes to like these other initiatives such as corporate events, social events, we generally have them on other days of the week. So we tend to have the corporate events on like, we've done a lot of them on Tuesdays. We have like tech talks with my different each professors, which we do on Tuesdays. And when it comes to social events, we generally we've been trying to run them more on weekends. And yeah, you know, these, other than our hack nights, we generally have like one other event a week. Yeah, it's pretty. Um, and then also I want to ask about time commitment. Is there an expected time commitment for members or how has it been for you as well? You know, being engineering and also being the president and stuff like, what's the time commitment I guess for overall for different goals. Yeah, I mean, you know, the more time you invest into the club the more you'll get out of it. I think that's true for anything. In general, you know, as a regular member of the club, you generally put in around, I'd say, four hours a week for three to five hours a week, I would say. Because so like, as I mentioned, our hat nights are generally around two hours. So there's a commitment of coming to that. And then, you know, if you're attending the other event that we're having, let's say that week, if it's a corporate event, that's going to be like another hour, an hour and a half. And then there's obviously, you know, some time that you're expected to put in this outside of the scope of meetings as well in terms of like, you know, preparing for meetings, reading through materials that your team lead will send and so on.  And then there's obviously more time when it comes to like prepping prepping for meetings. So that's their commitment. And then, yeah, it's like if you're, you know, one of my real side are put my position as president and I'm part of the executive board team. So that's obviously an even bigger commitment. But yeah, it kind of like, I guess like goes up with like, yeah, that's a really good overview.  Yeah, you know, it's, it's obviously challenging. Right. So given that each classes are often, I would say they're definitely one of the most demanding classes, you're in this entire university, especially if you're like the last semester I was taking 42, right, which is operating systems class. And that was a huge time commitment. But I think one thing that, you know, members kind of like understand realized is that student orgs like Michigan hackers, essentially offer a lot of stuff that is not available in the scope of a classroom, like sure in a classroom you're working on, you know, you're working on some four projects, I guess you're getting a good theoretical understanding of concepts, but in a club like Michigan hackers, it's more like application based, you're collaborating with a lot of students.  Yeah, you know, it's, it's obviously, you know, a little difficult to manage it, especially, you know, if you're joining the club initially, but if you, if you attend like a couple meetings you kind of figure out the best way to like balance it out. So, I think it generally works. And management. And then you mentioned that you have different like projects and sub teams. Can you go over and I think you mentioned a little bit some of them, but can you go over work? Yeah, for sure. So first of all, so we have like core teams and we have like non core teams. So our core teams are essentially our teams that meet every Thursday. And, you know, work on their projects or do education sessions, and then non core teams are those that do not meet on Thursday. So members can be part of, you know, one core team and like one non core team. And you can basically join any core team you want, but non core teams are a little more like selective. Yeah, so like, for example, when it comes to our core teams, we have Android, right? So they're essentially building an Android app and this semester or this year essentially they've been working on kind of like building a fitness tracking app. So you can count like the number of steps that you've walked throughout, let's say a day, you can like invite your friends to compete with you and so on. And then we have an iOS team, which has been building iOS apps. You know, the last semester they were building like their own version of hurdle. And I think this semester we're working on like a study buddies app like where you can find a study buddies for your specific classes on campus. And then like we have an embedded systems team, and they've been working on building a drone. And then like our machine learning team they've so machine learning is put into like the education session section and like some project teams as well. So for the project teams, like I think one team's been working on building like a handwriting recognition neural network. So yeah, those are like the core teams we have 10 core teams in total. And on the side we also have like three non core teams. These are those three teams are like, one of them is essentially our website team where he's essentially since last semester. We've been working on a on the project of completely overhauling and you acting up website. So people have been working on that. There is an internal tooling team that we actually introduced recently. And that teams and it's responsible for building a software that automates a lot of the processes that go like in the background of the club. So yeah, I think that's kind of like a novel that's a lot of really great opportunities and projects. That's awesome. And you also mentioned that professional opportunities. How many times with these companies come in what exactly do they teach or attend these events. Yeah, so you know, we saw last semester for example we had five corporate events. This semester we've already had to one more. And yeah, you know, the what happens in these corporate events kind of varies from event to event. So for example, we did a, we did an event with Metta. We're essentially the engineers coming in. They talked about their experience of like working at a company on such a large scale. And then there's like an open Q&A session. Then we had an event with SIG. And they essentially not like hosted a coding challenge with us, which is really cool.  So yeah, you know, the, the, I guess like the scope of the event kind of varies from event to event. And yeah, it's nice in the sense that you kind of like get a diverse array of like events. So, you know, it's, if it's the same thing again then you know it gets kind of boring. So we try to like provide as many different kinds of opportunities with these. Those are great opportunities. And then I also said there's different, there's like executive board and there's like leads for leadership opportunities. Can you talk about kind of like what I guess general leadership opportunities. Yeah, for sure. So I guess like, first of all, there's like being a general member right. So our club is open membership if you show up your member. But then we also have something called being a core member where in order to become a core member you need to show commitment in terms of showing up to meetings contributing to our community. So basically this semester, if you want to become a core member, you need seven attendance points. And if you want to retain your core membership for next semester, you need five attendance points.  So like, as I mentioned, we have Android iOS, and each team generally has around two leads. And the commitment of being a lead is generally, you know, it's at least a semester and then you can stretch it essentially to a year as long as you want. And yeah, you know, generally we have, we have leads graduating every semester. And, you know, our leads were like stepping down to go into more advise advisory role every semester. So there's the so essentially if you actively participated in a certain team, then there's like an application process that the current teams lead will set up and, you know, you can fill out that application. Basically interview with that team's lead. And if they think that you're a good fit for the team, you know, you can, you'll have the opportunity to lead it. And yeah, the responsibilities of a team lead are in general just like leading that specific team, you know, defining like a semester long or like a year long plan, you know, overseeing members, making sure that everyone's on the same page. And just like representing the club in general. And yeah, after, I guess, being a lead, we have executive board. So currently our executive board is three people, whereas our core leads are like 20 people right now. And yeah, the exact boards responsibility is to basically manage some wide activities. So, you know, overseeing our different team leads, setting up corporate events, setting up social lens, defining club strategy, you know, handling member relations, all that kind of stuff. And that is essentially a yearly commitment. So the 10 year generally starts from fall and goes up to winter. And yeah, we actually, if anyone for missing a hacker to see this. We, we actually have our exact board applications open to do on Friday. So if you're interested, fill it out. But yeah, I mean, at least then we also have senior advisors who are like, we're former leads or exact numbers and just want to like advise the club, not be as actively involved as they were. So in terms of like my personal experience, I, I've been part of happier since I've restaurant here. I was leading one team that we have called the interview team where help members for prepping for technical interviews. Very, very nice experience for me got to talk to a lot of members improve my, you know, technical and communications big time. And yeah, now as president. I've, yeah, I just, it's been a phenomenal opportunity to like lead a club that operates at such a large scale and just interacting with someone. That was a really awesome answer. So give a great overview of all the opportunities. You mentioned to that. Yeah, if you just if you're considered a member. Is there any you have to fill any application or is just just to clarify you just attend a meeting and you're considered a member and then you can work your way up. Yeah, basically, as I mentioned, we're open membership models.  But then yet to become a core member, there's the attendance requirement. And then I think I forgot to mention there's also like a group celled coffee chat that you do with someone from execs. Yeah, and it's the coffee chat is like very chill. It's just to, you know, just to see what members are thinking about the club, you know, how, how their experience has been and basically just a casual conversation. Our goal is to, you know, basically sustain a community of passionate technologists, and we also believe that we want to provide resources to everyone interested in tech, which is why we're not exclusive. Um, and then my last question just to wrap it up is, can you talk a little bit about your favorite thing or maybe your favorite memory from the shakers. Oh, yeah, I've, I'd say quite a few, but I think the one that stands out is last year, we organized a social event at pinball Pete's. So yeah, that was just two hours of going to our kids.  But hopefully this semester it's. Yeah, that's awesome. Okay, well, thank you so much for joining me, actors. That was really awesome overview of everything that you guys have. Yes, a lot of great opportunities. Thank you so much. Thank you. Bye. Yeah, thank you.


Alright, thanks for staying with us, as we already know Our leaders are comfortable Our leaders are comfortable Okay, so emphasizing the critical role of... Okay, this is parents day Now, let me get something that I think... Jennifer, maybe you should establish that story again on YouTube Okay Basically, the Brazil's ex-presidents, Fernando Collor de Melo bags 106 months' imprisonment for bribery and money laundering So I think from these as well, the guy is actually 73 years old So I have a question Why is it that older guys that are always committing these fraudulent acts? What are the old people? I thought you said there was somebody else in that story Yeah, the current president The current president was also sentenced He spent about 580 days in prison But then his case was overturned Alright, so accountability is a key component in leadership It is essentially the act of holding yourself accountable to others and to be an effective leader You must be able to hold yourself accountable for your actions and decisions as well as actions and decisions of those you are responsible for So accountability takes many forms And when leaders are held accountable for their actions as well as understand the consequences of failing to meet expectations people will trust their leaders more Bringing this back home to Nigeria or Nigerian leaders Today we are asking can our leaders be held accountable especially judging by all the conversations and the jailing and what's it called, the stories that we took in the news Now please let's hear what you have to say Remember you can join the conversation Send us an SMS or whatsapp to<PHONE_NUMBER> You can also do that at us at Wayshow Afqa1 with the hashtag Wayshow Alright, so I mean from the story that you established, Jennifer and I think we've said this thing several times in different ways and I wanted to really sink in not from a point of maybe an attack or anything A lot of times when you see yes when you see, it's just like a child when you tell your child, oh you are going to wear your shoes you know how parents used to do now before you come they don't take off At some point what you have done if you keep doing that for a while what you've successfully done is to build distrust So the child sees you now and the child does not trust or does not believe you will do what it is that you want to do all the promises that you have made whether you will fulfill that So that's what has happened to us as a nation Over the years different things have happened and this is not attributed to one person or one tenure, one regime or whatever Collectively the crop of leaders that we've had over the years it's been different disappointments upon disappointments All of a sudden now people are not trusting of the government and for there to be accountability there has to also be that first of all the willingness on the part of the person that needs to be held accountable to say hold me accountable that willingness for that transparency One, that transparency is lacking Secondly, once trust is bridged it is difficult for you to gain that trust back because you have to now warm your way into the person's life and deliberately take steps and actions that would say you know what this person now sees that sincerity and the genuineness of your actions to say you know what this person I think we can start to trust the person Accountability is never about the other party I think accountability is more on you as a person I would be the one to choose that you can hold me accountable if you ask me because a lot of times again I've heard this argument that Nigeria we do not hold our leaders accountable it is only who wants to be held accountable that will be held accountable do you understand? until you tell yourself that you know what but there are laws in place we will come to the laws in fairness you see now we should tread it softly but we will come to the laws, it's true but can the leaders be held accountable? the question that we have posed I would say only if they want to be held accountable because now look at the story I took about the president talking off and saying that they will crush all oil thefts we know I mean I don't know if you guys ever saw that video on oil theft the size of the vessel that is used the size of the vessel that is used to steal oil come on it's not like chewing gum that I can hide inside this place and put it inside my brain do you understand? it is a syndicated stealing structure so that's what I'm saying that it's beyond talking tough right heads will have to go down for it people what's it called there has to be some deliberate attempt to see that people will be arrested people will be jailed because guess what every oil theft that happens in this country is in connivance with the military connivance with the the marine connivance is sometimes even with the what's it called security agencies it's a complete connivance with them nobody can come and steal oil of this magnitude do you understand without some level of somebody looking away and say you know what just give me my coat so when I say that can leaders be held accountable the answer I would say is that only they want to but let me hear your thoughts do you think what happened in Brazil let me come to you Mary first do you think what happened in Brazil do you think we can ever have that kind of scenario maybe not at this point but I think we can get there I think the leaders can be held accountable I honestly do think I know it's a far stretch from where we are but I think they can be held accountable and with baby steps eventually we would get there I mean we had the news of is it Fanny Coyote who is on the investigation now by the EFME fire me that's a step I believe under every normal circumstance he could have probably bribed his way through or might still bribed his way through but I'm just saying that it's a step even them holding him, investigating and probing is a step of being accountable so I believe that yes our leaders can be held accountable so I'll come back to that so personally I believe I kind of agree with you if you want to be held accountable once you hold yourself accountable you don't necessarily need a large number of people or people outside of yourself to hold you accountable and if there is something else that I know our legal system is a bit corrupt now for the Brazil express what we were talking about you can see that there was nothing that he could do do you understand the legal system is working but I also know that even in other countries because corruption isn't only in Nigeria it's all over the world that I'm sure that even in Brazil alone there are probably some powerful people that have committed worse crimes or committed the same crime as he has and they've not been held accountable but for Nigeria bringing it back home we saw a lot of things this period for I don't exactly have confidence in our legal system there's no 100% confidence for me to say the legal system or the law will be able to bring these people to books when they commit a crime because some of these crimes that were committed were committed in brotherly like it was seen you know who to apprehend you know who to sentence you know the exact crime that they have committed but we see that time and time again people are going scot free people are going scot free it's only people who can't build themselves out of these situations or people who do not have money that actually suffer those are the people that they actually hold accountable you commit a crime you've been taken to jail and probably nobody heard from you again and it's probably something you did that was very very small but then when you talk about something about this magnitude you know the funny thing somebody has argued that if you are going to steal in this country make sure you steal very heavy so you can bribe away so that you can bribe away out of it but let me take a break I like to open up phone lines to hear your thoughts on this and I want to come back to what myriad touched on on femicide being held up by AFCC we'll do all of that first let's go on a break alright thanks for staying with us and if you just tuned in we're discussing ladies night and we're discussing can our leaders be held accountable taking a cue from what had happened jailing a president in other countries now please let's hear what you have to say remember you can join the conversation send us an sms or whatsapp to<PHONE_NUMBER> you can also tweet at us at with the hashtag our phone line is now open the number to call is<PHONE_NUMBER>9 that's the number it's called remember turn off whatever device it is that you are watching or listening in from so we don't have a feedback so it's actually interesting that you mentioned coyote fire may be held up by AFCC now my challenge with that kind of story is that two things in Nigeria the only time we get to see and this is just me from a layman's standpoint the only time we get to see people being like they now bring the terminology which can't or whatever it's probably maybe the person has fallen out of favor with the government and again even when we see these things about interrogation we never hear the end of it you know we just see it it makes noise make a lot of news and all of that and all of a sudden it goes quiet and that's why for me the story I took I think on Tuesday where they were talking about the was it on Tuesday I think so in your state that was linked to the master's degree student that was killed he was going to him and three of his member of staff would be sentenced to death by hanging I was quite happy because not that I was happy that somebody was dying I was happy that at least we've seen an end to this conversation and this story this crime a lot of crime happens in Nigeria and it's almost like if you are not doing the crime you are like on the other side like now crime is so normalized that when you try to do things by the books or do things right right it's almost like you are now the alien right it's now like that it's that lopsided right so um yes it is good that for me for me is being interrogated by EFCC first two things for me is it that he's not in favor with the current government because we know so many would have done worse crimes but because you're in the same thing we've seen this thing happen over time where they come to same party just to you understand just to make sure that they are in the same and they don't get what's the code now they don't get to be scrutinized or get to be arrested or whatever for their crimes we've seen that happen and that's on one hand secondly stories like this it really doesn't stay long right but I think we have a caller Ezekiel thank you for calling good evening hello good evening hi Ezekiel you're live yeah alright this is Ezekiel from Ogba thank you for calling go ahead I want to greet you all in the studio thank you alright now let me just chip in my own contribution just a little bit now the issue of our leaders in this country what they are doing that's right or wrong then literally in the need I had now that you know go after scouting chiefs to crush all chiefs now the truth is is what we've been hearing over and over again like you said you know that is a fabricate approach you know they will say but nothing will be done the altis this issue of altis is not done by poor people is done by rich people and they know them I wrote on my group my transfer group chat that the problem of Nigeria can be solved by the people in the country they know the issue to our problems but they will not do anything you know why because of party party politics is my friend so that I know and they look away because of greed you know in Japan they eat like a hyena they eat without remnant now they know how to tackle the issue in the country but they won't do it they will never do it and I keep saying that go help Nigeria see go help Nigeria and go use one person also the people that are open need to help us go help Nigeria people that can help Nigeria are there in government but they just won't do it thank you so much Ezekiel I think Ezekiel is just further emphasizing the point I had made earlier these are things that we hear all the time it sounds really nice on paper we are going to crush them we are going to do this we are going to end it can we have a bit of faith the issue of faith now faith is not stupidity and even the bible says that while you are having that faith without work is dead you must add action to whatever it is that you are doing and again this is for me because I feel like we are at the crossroad it's either this government that has come into power will make Nigeria or break Nigeria so you really must be very intentional and deliberate let's stop playing to the gallery we used to do it insanity they say you do the same thing over and over again and you expect a different result that is you are insane let's change that narrative let me take another caller it's been a long time young guys old man why did you abandon us hello are you there should we lose him that's an old caller young guys old man are you there we can hear you now a long time oh sugar please try to call back so I mean accountability right I can only and this is what I teach my children today tango is even day of group operating I think my children that for everything that happens in your life you must you must hold yourself accountable for it don't push the blame on somebody else because again this is what we see all the time with our leaders okay something is going by it was the previous administration it was this one, it was this person that did not let me do my job this is what we see all the time let's take ownership let's own our mistakes oh this one we really goofed you understand but you see what we are taking steps and measures to ensure that this kind of error does not happen again that way gradually you'll be building back trust you understand because now we are seeing integrity now look at this it feels subsidy issue now that has happened where is the blueprint that says all this other money that you have taken aside from subsidy how you are going to the plan you can't just say it vaguely that I would throw it into infrastructure, throw it into the where is the plan these are things that will hold you even as a leader accountable because now you have shown me that this is the where I'm going so if you see me going left you can now call me back to other but let's take good evening good evening good evening my sister in the studio yes I'm here good evening good evening you can hear me yes we can hear you yes please go ahead my take is this the system allows these people to seal us dry you know what I said the system allows them to seal us dry then Gira has a system that doesn't have consequences for bad behaviour but specially in this fourth republic I don't know if you are getting it in the same way we don't have a good system to reward good behaviour if we have a system that rewards good behaviour we will also look at the system that have to have consequences for bad behaviour let me ask you guys some questions what has happened to your counter-general today is the man not working freely he went to Lesser Edge is he not to pray to God after looking the treasure dry you see the system will run around you everybody is struggling to get into that system so once they get into that they know that they will be protected like you said that Versu is not a needy that can just disappear so is it Nigeria is like a place where some group of people conspire together to make sure they impoverish the people by sealing them dry and their position is expressed in every way considering Bagia to become the chief of staff Bagia has one election in Suruleri there will be one so we need to fit that position we need only two positions we don't have the reason to do that we will see how that plays out so we don't have a system that punishes people for bad behaviour that is it thank you thank you so much so so who is the structural the system now who is the structural the system the people that are corrupt are the top I feel people that are going to form the system but Jennifer what do you think so I think at the end of the day with situations like this it's just a hope for the best and hope that there is someone that comes in that has I get that but then the honest truth is what more can we do there's so much you can fight I saw it sweet today I was trying to get it but maybe I would look for it and probably we were able to talk about it but it's almost in alignment with this and how our optimism as Nigerians is equated to cowardice because we are holding onto optimism this hope so we just sit back and relax and not do anything and then when one person or a group of people decides to do something it's like you're going outside of the norm so as a people collectively we are used to corruption we are used to bad behaviour we are used to all of these things so when one sector just moves and goes outside of that do you understand you're odd we are used to managing I can bribe my way through it so for those who can bribe their way through it I can bribe my way through it and get this but then if this group of people come out and decide that we want to change things, we are tired of this now you have 100 people as opposed to about 1 million people and then you have only 10 people who are able to bribe their way through once that 100 people is like oh you're coming to spoil my show let me take youngest old man longest time hello are you there youngest old man are we still having network issues oh wow our enemies don't want us to talk to our friend of the house so I think I found this way so the person said that we use optimism as a copy mechanism so you see oh like I just said now hope for the best I can only hope for the best but it is not a strategy it is not a strategy and I feel like as a country a lot of us are waiting for that save you youngest old man are you there yes I am here now long time ah you are bad done though so it's not fair go ahead please this is the show about our possibility the the fish don't face point from head we don't even know it's going to be the cut all I know is that we just hope that good thing will come out of that but basically when I watch an interview sorry I think it's pitch it's pitch I watched it I think good point today I almost cried when the old man said things are happening I think she said that it's our first time saying it publicly nobody is aware of what people go through sometimes when you try to do the right thing in a country like ours the pastor I can't tell you I said something about the matter that you say even when you pray to God for a life you lose your heart so basically there is nothing that is going wrong and the level of encouragement is high and that is why you say it's high telling you that being of good value is not this world model there is not something that he looked after he wants to blow because the good guy has been seen as the Jew guy so we have a lot what we love to do in this country and for me with my age I am not you understand do you know about big worry little work coming up in those days I know we envy people that are also people that are with good attitudes people that keep up to standards you understand we look up to people you see people that you want to kind of promote people that you like to be mentors but now what is coming up is so long that we don't even know what our people coming up to because basically everything is just there and you know the point about the average Nigeria the average Nigeria is not Andrea but corruption it's not Andrea because it's some part of the corruption absolutely it goes into there now it's connection corruption absolutely if you have people for shows you can tell you you have gone to a station where the person is in the cell I had one late night tissue and I had a see-up and came in with a police man and he took me to the cell I met the pastor there and it's because he am very good something is happening in this country you know what is really happening thank you thank you you see what the youngest one said so my sister called me this morning and she said that the head that somebody was going to be appointed someone now called her husband and I was saying that please quickly call him position yourself that is Nigeria we can't be shouting we are using two sides of our mouth to be talking tomorrow Naredos appoints Mary chief luxury shopper for the president and all of that we already said the position for it man chief luxury shopper to the president of the further republic of Nigeria when Mary is appointed all of it is something what is this international now what are you talking about I mean everybody it is corruption only when it is not in your favor do you understand so when we talk about accountability I don't even know how we really want to know that accountability can only happen from individual reasons I have told myself come rain come sunshine this is the principle that I will stand back this is what I will live by then guess what you don't take it a step further print out that principle in a working document show it to your people that you are governing to say ok these are the steps that I have decided to take if you see me going out of this what is called jurisdiction call me back to order you understand then you are not saying be my accountability partner accountability starts with you first this thing reminds me of a diet have you seen that picture that we dance kids of when you want to diet and your friend says I thought your diet is just small I just want to take let's take a comment ok we have Loma why you get that comment Mary Loma from Abia State quickly go ahead good evening my dear creeper good evening this is Loma from Abia State yes please go ahead see we can hold our leader's accountability if only Inet will not impose a leader on us Inet and some other will not impose leaders on us now come to Abia State we decided to speak a leader acceptable by all tomorrow if the money is not doing well we will ask him questions you promise this you promise that because the money is the product of the people we can only hold our leaders responsible if those leaders are the product of the people not impose like the way I present our make up today thank you very much I knew he was going to go there Mary you take the comment good evening my dear beautiful sisters of what are you saying can our leaders be held accountable our leaders can be held accountable without any shadow of doubt the so called leaders make promises so they have no choice than to fulfill them any leader that makes promises and fails to fulfill them can never be a leader some stubborn leaders make promises and refuse to fulfill them and then refuse to be accountable for them and they end up damning the consequences a typical example of a leader that refuses to be accountable for his promises is the new leader we have now before his inauguration but he ended up starting to disappoint us but he ended up starting to disappoint us my dear beautiful runaway sister Jenny you are welcome back I miss you a lot let me quickly address initial disappointment that Daniel is talking about and I believe is tied to this fuel scarcity and I'm sorry the fuel subsidy removal in fairness I don't fault the president for taking that decision I think everybody has come to the agreement that fuel subsidy in this country is a scam where I fault some of these policies is what else have you put in place and where is the plan so let me not just say we channel the money to something else what are we doing exactly how much will be generated like let's have details Austin from Benin you are live quickly have a minute yes I just want to point this out I am waiting the labor party guys who were who got who won election to the national assembly I am waiting to see if they will get to the national assembly are complaining about the jubu pay they are earning there I want us to take note of this then we will discuss it later thank you Austin I like what he is saying but you see they have to pay but why you won't give Okada a man there was something Loman said just give me a little moment because what he said was the people we wanted to put in power it would be easier to hold them accountable but then I want to go back to something that said that holding someone accountable or someone being accountable comes from within now even if I put you in power when you do something or you start to act out you start to act outside of what you have said you would do there is so much I can say or do if it is not coming from within you would still misbehave and then that is it because we just believe there is one person in the side so let me tell you how I think the Arabs think they don't talk to themselves they say it is a personal pride no country we find out that my country my people must live like kings because they are kings it is a personal resolve until we get our leaders to look beyond personal issues every Nigerians life matters and we must start to live like royalty we must start to live like kings we must start to tap into the resources that we have in surplus and we must give a decent life to every single Nigerian it is a personal resolve when that happens you see things just automatically changing until that happens we really cannot find any leader that they want to hold accountable and on that note thank you so much Jennifer thank you so much Mary why are you smiling she is smiling all through today alright so please before we go ensure you follow us across all our social media handles thank you to all our callers especially all our old time callers now remember you can interact with us join the conversation and more importantly follow all the engagements on social media make sure you invite your family and friends to watch and follow the conversation now if you missed our very very simple and short quote for today here it is again it says and I quote accountability feels like an attack when you are not ready to acknowledge or behave your harms others remember what I said before not everything is an attack on your person right they are actually honest criticism that you must be willing to listen to we will see you guys tomorrow at 8pm as we bring another great conversation to your screen enjoy


The second issue is soil improvement. The concepts of soil improvement are well established. What is the main idea of doing soil improvement? Should be good compaction, less drainage, more cementation and so on. Where do you use them? For creating pathways, roads, huts and homes and sometimes the best structures also which are of strategic importance. So, what is the challenge in soil improvement? To avoid that is right, more strength. Anything else? Yes, you are creating impermeable system. So, if you create a impermeable system what happens to the pore water pressure increases. So, the biggest challenge is ground improvement technique says believe me people do not bother about this issue, but the whole challenge is when you are creating a system by improving the soil which is going to be less pervious, impervious what about the pore water pressures. So, this is where you have to have a different model which has to be applied for soil improvement schemes. Do you agree with this? You do not agree. It is a challenge. So, any idea how would you reduce pore water pressures from the soils which have been modified or improved? Did you have a wonder that why preloading is done by putting the band drains inside? What preloading is doing without putting band drains? Exactly. So, the answer is you always do preloading by installing PVC band drains or sand drains. Clear? Simply preloading the structure will not improve the strength. It will keep on building up pore pressures. So, one way to remove pore pressures which are developing because of preloading would be to insert PVDs. So, you have pore pressure release and settlement and system becomes stabilized ok. It is logical. So, what are the basic objectives of soil improvement? Benel you are talking about durability. So, we have discussed what are what is meant by durability? What are the attributes of durability? When you say some system is very durable. Rock is more durable than concrete or concrete is more durable than rock? Sorry. Rock is more durable than concrete. Then why did you discover concrete? You should have been you are still living in stone age. You should have been happy with the stones, is it not? Why you discovered rock? Sorry, concrete. Workable. Yes, you have to say something. My question is simple. Sorry. My question is very simple. Which one is more durable? Rock or concrete? You were saying rock. Anybody for concrete? In the class no one. Then write out the concrete technology. The first parameter is strength when you talk about durability. Rocks may not be so durable why? Because they may not show you so much required strength. So, when you say concrete of certain strength you are sure that this system is going to give you at least 95 percent of the designated strength clear. So, durability the first parameter is strength. There should be a target strength FCK versus crushing strength alright characteristic strength and crushing strength. Volume. The volume of the system should remain as it is. It should not change. No disintegration is allowed. Rocks would disintegrate or not? There are some rocks which may disintegrate. How about the concrete? Yes or no? They are far living in stone age. If concrete is going to disintegrate then why you are designing it? Because the idea is that you are designing a system which is durable, which is not going to disintegrate. So, volume remains is going to remain constant alright. So, this is how you define the durability. So, in my opinion concrete is more durable than rock and that is why mankind has invented concrete and they are not depending upon rock much. Drainage alright drainage should be less or more for making a system durable. Less. Less. There could be rocks which are highly fissured, fractured, disintegrated and hence the hydraulic conductivity or drainage would be maximum. So, a durable system should not allow transport of any flux through it. Agreed? That means water should also not flow through this. So, drainage should be as less as possible if you are designing a durable system. Erosion. How most soils are formed? Erosion of. Erosion of. So, these are the attributes of you know durability. Unfortunately, only structures guys they talk about durability of concrete. We do not talk about stability of soils and we do not talk about durability of soils also, but those who are involved with soil improvement work they should have these four parameters in their mind. What is the meaning of this? The whole idea of improving the soil is it should be more strengthful, the volume should remain constant, clear? The drainage should be less and erosion should be extremely less. So, these are the aims of or the objectives of adopting any soil improvement program. So, we are trying to convert soil in a sort of a very durable structure or a system which is less susceptible to environmental changes or effects. I am sure you are aware of the techniques which are normally adopt for soil improvement, okay. Historically people design igloos, what are igloos? Ice, clear? So, in south pole, north pole, people will definitely make igloos, bricks is the simplest possible example of soil improvement. You take the soil mass, shape it up, bake it, add some chemicals, bake it. So, what has happened? The soil has become more stabilized, volume remains constant, drainage has reduced, more strength, clear? And less erosion. So, all those four parameters are inbuilt in the system. Motors, when you make motors, pathways, different type of structure. So, these are all historic treatment or schemes which people have followed. What is happening in the present day world? You compact the soil to attain all those four parameters, more strength, less drainage, less change in volume. And what was the last one? Less erosion. Biprotation, then drainage schemes flooding with water, all right. Electroosmoses, apply some current and what happens? Water simply goes out of the system, drainage gets enhanced, water goes out, the resulting mass is of control volume and gives you more strength. Ground freezing, have you heard of this type of technique ground modification freezing? Where do you use it? Mostly in tunneling operations, they go for freezing. That too in cold climates, you know, where you have fractured rock mass and there is no way to do tunneling because of too much of drainage from the rocks. So, that is where you can go for some local anesthesia sort of a thing. You can inject some anesthesia and what it does? It makes your hand or that part of the body numb and then you can adopt surgery. The same thing you can do in structures. So, you inject free on gas or circulating brine solution and what it does? It lowers down the temperature, freezes the soil mass. So, all the water which is remaining in the pore gets frozen, clear? So, suppose if you are working in a C5 soil or a sandy soil which is saturated and if I freeze that soil, what will happen? The properties get transformed from friction to cohesion. Is this okay or not? The frozen system will act like a cohesive material rather than a friction material. Is this concept clear or not? So, you have transformed the properties from friction material to a pure cohesive material which is nothing but ice. So, this type of transformation lot of people have tried heating. Earlier days or sometimes in military operations they can create airstrips just by heating the top 2 feet or 3 feet of the ground mass. So, what happens? It becomes desiccated. Nature also does the same thing for you. In coastal regions the water table fluctuates, soil mass becomes wet and then again during the dry period what happens to this water? It evaporates. When this water evaporates ultimately what you notice is desiccation cracks from the soil mass. So, this heating is nothing but it is a natural heating or a synthetic heating also can be created to remove water from the soils and to make it very strong. So, temporary airstrips can be created out of simple heating of the layers of soils and of course, you can add chemicals which we have discussed earlier as well. Terracotta is nothing but an example of heating of the soil. Terracotta. So, you take clay and bake it at elevated temperature. So, ultimately what happens? What type of transformation is this? Is it a permanent transformation of minerals or temporary? If temperatures are very high I can amalgamate the minerals. So, whenever the amalgamation comes in picture this becomes your igneous type of material. So, the nature has created temperatures of few 100 degree centigrade which you can create very easily in the laboratory clear. So, you can convert this clay mass into a sort of a magma and then let it freeze. The same thing you do for creating tiles, the factory systems and so on which would be anti-heat, anti-chemicals and whatever anti-magnetic, anti-electricity and all. So, ultimately it boils down to too much of materials modeling. You must be observing this. They are altering the state of the material. It is a physical effect. Viproflotation is also a physical effect, drainage is also a physical effect. What is electro osmosis? It is a electro physical effect. So, water contained in the pore is being taken out by applying some electrical current. Now, this type of analysis or studies when people are doing they have to talk about electrical properties of the soil and how easily the current can be passed through the soil systems and all. Earlier geophysicists used to do this type of studies, but nowadays lot of geotechnical engineers are also adopting this. One of the industrial waste which everybody is talking about these days is fly ash. Why do not use the word waste? I say that this is a manmade resource. It is a manmade soil. So, truly speaking the way we have soil mechanics, a day should come where you should talk about fly ash mechanics. It is a natural resource which is manmade and the more and more industrial activity which a country takes you are producing more and more ash. However, the challenges are how to transport this material from one location to another location and so on. Why transportation is so difficult? So, that means handling and storage is also a big problem. So, because of the physical attributes the material is very light, lighter than air, it flies off causes lot of environmental problems. And then the question is how to utilize this material. So, days are gone and people used to talk about fly ash utilization only for making bricks. Nowadays the focus is not on making bricks only that was about 20 years back when I was student or 15 years back. What should be the focus in today's scenario where people should like to use fly ash? That is right. I will show you some of the recent developments by using fly ash and what researchers have tried to work on. This is the way you can transport the ash. Do you find any difference between the two modes of transportation? Why it is being done open and closed? What is the intention? Why you should adopt this type of disposal system or transportation system? Why you should adopt this type of a transportation system? If you want to protect the posalonicity of the material, you do not want to allow this material to interact with water rains, you have to cut it off from the environment so that the calcium which is present in the system should not interact with water. So, this type of a unit is in high demand by which type of industries? Those who are producing cement, clear? So, this is a clear cut demarcation, the type of ash which you produce, how would you transport it and where its utility would be. However, when you talk about the second situation where you are going to use this type of ash, see if the direction of movement of the train is this, you reverse the direction, in which direction what commodity will be coming like this? The coal is coming from the mines in this direction to an industrial unit and if train is moving away from it, this fly ash is going for filling purpose of the mine. So, this is a very good deal with most of the coal manufacturers, government of India has done. They will buy the coal from a manufacturer only when he is ready to use the fly ash for filling purpose, clear? Otherwise what is going to happen? This type of material keeps on stacking near the power plants. So, ideally when you go for open disposal system or transportation system, this material is not good for posalonic activity. This will work as a good fill material, filling of mines, filling of ditches and so on. This is for making the embankments as a backfill material, you can compact it along with the soil and what is the beauty of fly ash? Why it should be classified as a good backfill material? That is right, so special gravity is very less that means the earth pressures with this system will induce on the walls are going to be quite less. Unfortunately, fly ash cannot be compacted, it is very difficult to compact the grains of the fly ash. You have to go into the microscopy and you will see that these grains are perfect spheres most of the time. So, achieving a density out of it is very difficult. I will show you some of the micrographs, but as a thumb rule compacting fly ash is very tough. These are the examples from road construction. I am sure you must have heard of road construction using fly ash either by direct disposal on the ground, compacting it, putting some water and doing some pneumatic rolling alright. These are all old techniques. You can use this material for structural and mine fills. So, these are the open cast mines which are being filled with the help of the fly ash. This is open cast mine where you are filling the open cast mine with the fly ash. In Canada there is a fly ash park. Now following this what they have done the entire dump has been converted into a park for amusement. The name itself is fly ash park. Following this we have something like this in Ahmedabad where the landfills have been used for, they have been converted in public recreation centers. So, you can use this land in terms of recreation of people. Institute soil improvement for which you can use fly ash slurry mixed with cement and lime and then you can inject it in the ground. So, this forms a good gel and ultimately you can improve the soil. We are talking about contaminant migration also. So, you can control contaminant migration by injecting fly ash lime slurry and making piles into the system or the curtain walls or the grounds. These are known as thin walls slurry curtain of far waist isolation. So, dig out a certain portion of the ground and then inject in that slurry of fly ash lime and cement.  I hope you understand what are the limitations of this method. Quality control is definitely very poor. Injecting this slurry would be very tough in the ground. If soil is a clay, it will not percolate into so easily. If it happens to be a fractured rock mass controlling grout will be very difficult. You keep on pumping the grout and you never know where the grout is going. So, these are the difficulties associated with in C2 ground modification or improvement. So, this is what I wanted to show you how you can achieve some value added products from the fly ash. This work was done by my second PhD scholar Dr. Prabhu Khole. So, what we did is we converted this ash by giving some hydrothermal treatment and we converted this into a material which is known as a zeolite. I was telling you the other day that this type of a system has a tendency to absorb more and more water. Now, this is a very interesting process which keeps on going in nature also. Most of the rocks get zeolite zeolatized because of hydroxides which are present in the system like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. So, they leach out of the material and ok. Hello. So, this system shows a mineralogical alteration. It is a good example of how mineralogical alterations can be simulated in the laboratory or whatever happens in the lab. If you remember sometimes during first or second lecture I was talking about physical alteration, chemical alteration and physical chemical alteration and physical chemical mineralogical alteration. So, this type of simulation we did in the laboratory and what we notice is that this system shows very high cation exchange capacity. So, a material which shows very high cation exchange capacity is chemically very active or mineralogically very active. So, most of the detergents they show you a very high CEC value, the minerals which are used in that and a high surface area. So, the surface area of the system is much more than the original ash. Incidentally, this also gives an idea to work on activated minerals. This is one of my students Mr. Jai is working. So, formation of activated minerals and this is also known as silica reduction technology. Best possible scenario would be if you can convert all the silica of the soil. So, what happens if you talk about three phase system of silica alumina and iron. So, if you reduce silica then iron and alumina will be maximum. So, this is the philosophy on which these type of studies have been taken up which is known as SRT. So, under certain typical conditions you know climatic conditions nature does this. So, when nature forms original ash into zeolite the silica which is passive is getting converted into a mineral which is highly active. Another interesting application is extraction of tungsten or the minerals which are of high value where tungsten is used lamb filament that is right. So, these are the filaments and right now India is importing tungsten you know. So, if we develop a technology by which we can extract tungsten out of fly ash will be self dependent requires lot of research. Just to show you few micrographs of scanning electron micrographs. Now, this is the ash particle on which the minerals are being grown like cabbage. So, you grow minerals slowly and slowly the stage comes where the minerals or the protrusions on the surface become quite large. This is what I have been showing you the other day when you came to the lab different colors. So, what we are doing is we are altering this material into this state your seeding process. Now, this system is a zeolite and a much more augmented form of zeolite is this. So, it depends upon the time of treatment which you have set in for a material the type of chemicals which you are using and the type of environmental condition which you are using. A simple technology would be on which I think is working you take fly ash and boil it in pressure cooker take a pressure cooker and just boil it the way you cook your vegetables. So, what we notice is that this creates very good minerals and the same thing is happening in nature how diamond is formed the mineralogical alteration at very high temperature and pressure. So, same thing we are simulating in lab clear and the grades of zeolites which we get out of this activity have to be analyzed. So, we want to produce minerals or the zeolites which are highly active and which can be replaced by other commercially available zeolites which are very expensive. So, this just could give you an idea about how physical, chemical, mineralogical alterations can be done in the laboratory. Now, where these type of situations become important in our profession any loud thinking if you are designing a foundation on let us say a rock mass. So, no theory takes care of these alterations which may go on in nature slowly and slowly in 20 years time 50 years time and so on is it not. So, you just compute bearing capacity based on Terzaghi's equation or whatever near off equation. But nowhere in these equations they take into account the effect of environmental effects which are altering the material clear. So, this component should get added that how much material deterioration is going to take place when a system is exposed to nature. A good example of this was when we were doing Bandavali ceiling most of the samples and analysis we have done in our laboratory. We found that if you just go by the classical geomechanics and the type of bearing capacity you will compute it will be highly misleading why you are taking out samples which are from the sea and which have already gone a major mineralogical alteration in the form of zeolites. So, you are just dealing with them as a SPT value which is not correct. Truly speaking they are zeolites which have already changed altered minerals and they will never show you the same bearing capacity after few years. So, this is where we coined this concept of mineralogical alteration of the material and particularly how to map this information in your bearing capacity theory. This is one loud thinking which I am you know doing in front of you. So, some of you should work in this direction whenever you get a time. I hope you will agree conceptually this is correct.


Lady Gaga says she wishes treatment of women in the music industry would change when asked about Britney Spears during a media event in Milan for her upcoming film, House of Gucci. Britney Spears won back her freedom on Friday after 13 years under a conservatorship that controlled how she spent her money when she performed, who she had access to a house and what medications she should take in House of Gucci, a film directed by Ridley Scott. Lady Gaga, whose first lead movie role in A Star Is Born was critically acclaimed, will play Parizia Reginia, who served 18 years in an Italian prison for orchestrating the 1995 murder in Milan of her husband Mauricio Gucci, played by Adam Driver. You know, I've been watching this for a long time and the way that she was treated in this business was really wrong. And the way that women are treated in the music industry is something that I wish would change.  I watched her as a young girl and I still watch her now. She's wildly talented. She is incredibly inspirational. And I'm just so happy that we get to celebrate today that she gets to embark on a new phase of her life. And she authored her freedom. She worked hard for this moment and I hope she feels that. As an Italian-American woman, when I was in America watching what happened in Italy, I was heartbroken seeing how COVID hit this country. And then coming here to perform and to film this movie, I was blown away by the bravery and the courage of all the healthcare workers and the frontline workers. They made it possible for us to film and also for us to dream. Notified about fresh news updates.


Why did you volunteer to get one of the first vaccines? Kind of along those same lines, I thought it was really important that I myself was able to maintain my readiness and stay protected so that I'm able to protect the sailors that I'm taking care for and their families. I mean, she maintained their readiness within the fleet, absolutely.


The Jack Benny Program. Presented by Lucky Strike. dreamed is survival. LSMFT. Lucky Strike means fine tobacco. Just listen to the words of tobacco warehouse man George Webster. And market after market. I've seen the makers of Lucky Strike by fine tobacco that makes one grand smoke. William Curran tobacco auctioneer said. For years and years I've seen the makers of Lucky Strike by tobacco this just chock full of smoke and enjoyment smoke luckies myself for 23 years friends independent tobacco experts can see the makers of lucky strike consistently select and buy that fine that light that naturally mild tobacco yes lucky strike means fine tobacco and fine tobacco means real deep down smoking enjoyment for you remember lsmft lucky strike means fine tobacco so smoke that smoke of fine tobacco lucky strike so round so firm so fully packed so free and easy on the draw the sportsman's quartet yours truly Rochester Van Jones star of our show but today it's worth five dollars to me so here he is jack many talking and folks Rochester you can go now but boss don't you want me to stay here and do some jokes like Don Wilson no no Rochester you're not fat enough five thousand introduction ain't gonna make me no Sydney Green Street right are you dissatisfied with our financial agreement well look if you're unhappy you know my policy anybody that works for me can talk to me about anything at any time no but as soon as anybody mentions money you turn down the volume on your hearing aid what last time I asked for a raise you faded me for 25 seconds I didn't pay to was done by my vice president in charge of finances anyway this is the last time this program is starting out like Fred Allen's and anyway I'm going to use you as an announcer your voice is too horse and rough my voice was nice and smooth you know my voice was nice and smooth till I had my appendix taken out appendix what your appendix got to do with your voice well I guess I've gotten as much out of that five dollars as I can oh hello Mary hello Jack here it is the last program of the season that's right Mary and boy am I glad to I need a vacation oh Jack you haven't been working so hard you don't need a vacation I do too but anyway Mary since this is the last show how about give me a big kiss okay how was that you're right Jack you need a vacation the sister you may not think I'm good but in my acts at the Roxy I do a kissing scene with Margie Reynolds and she loves it especially when I put my arms around her yes I know Margie told me about that and she wants me to ask you something why well Margie wants to know if Margie wants to know if Margie wants to know why she wants to know if you used to wrestle with alligators for a living anyway Mary I'll miss you this summer but I'll be looking forward to next fall when we'll all be together again oh do you want me back in your program next season Jack I certainly do well then I'd like to talk to you about an increase in salary go right ahead okay 1 2 3 4 testing 1 2 3 now cut that out you know sometimes you carry a thing too far yeah Jackson hello Olivia I'm looking at the world through rose colored eyes what are you so happy about she was Jackson why shouldn't I be happy last Sunday I made radio history I was on three shows three show yeah sure I was on your show I was on my own show and I was on Fred Allen show the only one who missed me was Edgar Bergen Bergen doesn't need you he's got Mortimer snurd and compared to you Mortimer snurd is a doctor of philosophy I'm glad you told me Jackson if I ever catch philosophy I'll give him a buzz yes do it but Phil doing three shows today must be an awful strain and after all what's more important money or your health money or your health well hey what do you think Jackson she's asking you anyway Phil why do you have to go around trying to make more money because you don't pass enough well sure that's why Dennis they had to get another show that's why I had to get another show and that's why Don Wilson has got four shows what about Mary she's only got one show yeah and look how thin she is don't blame me for a tight girdle I wear has nothing to do with miss Livingston oh Dennis it's good to see you all again how are you feeling mr. Benny well are you doing at the Roxy Theater oh business is you have a nice trip from Chicago it was pretty good really break the box office record there well it's our last show and he won't even talk to me Dennis I will talk to if you'll only give me a chance now what have you been doing since you've been in New York how are you miss Livingston Dennis I asked you something I mean what have you been doing in New York oh I went to see some shows and visited relatives oh what shows did you see I couldn't get in how are your relatives I don't know they were at the shows are you talking about say Dennis I didn't know you had relatives in New York I don't they live in Newark New Jersey so last night I rented a car and drove under the Hudson River and it was awfully damp cheated I get wet wet why was there a leak in the tunnel oh very good Dennis thanks oh say mr. Benny I'm gonna ask you how's mr. Allen who Fred Allen well kid it was nice seeing you again in fact I'm glad he brought it up but Dennis I'm happy to tell you that Fred Allen has the same old program the same old jokes the same oh wait a minute Jack that's not fair I've heard all of Fred's programs they've been very funny Mary I wouldn't mind if his jokes just laid there but they crawl out of the radio and stain your rug program that just shows what you know Jackson I think the funniest thing in radio is Alan's alley oh you do I think so too oh you do a I think mr. Benny is much funnier than mr. Allen I think so too anyway yes I do now what's so great about Alan's alley anybody with half an ounce of talent can do that oh yeah I'd like to see you do it well I'll just show you sister Phil get your band ready while I put this clothespin on my nose I'll sound like Fred Allen I'll go down to the alley and you kids will play the parks of the people that live there okay Phil music all right I won't say it's been raining here in New York but last night oh mr. well if it isn't Cleveland Cleveland Kenny and I were just discussing the rain we've been having here in New York well mama says that all the rain here in New York was caused by Al Jolson Al Jolson April showers and had two clouds left over oh and mama also I don't know you write this stuff on Thursday it's raining then on Sunday the sun shines and you're dead but what else is new with your mother Cleveland well mama says that from now on she's gonna stop wearing slacks stop wearing slacks why a policeman gave her a ticket for pulling a trailer without a license oh well so much for your mother and her homegrown bus we've got to get down to Benny's Boulevard what is your what is your question for tonight our question is is Fred Allen or Jack Benny the better comedian shall we leave as one of my eyes said to the other let's pack our bags and go nice to be back in Allen's alley Cleveland and I see Senator Harris's home there's a 10 gallon hat and a five gallon jug on the porch let's knock on the bunghole and see what he's got to say somebody I say somebody not yeah there's a name senator Harris that is I'm from the west from the west when I'm east of the Mississippi River I'm an enemy territory looks like these my favorite actresses may well look no man livid can make me see he's slim all out of the house on Easter Sunday when I bake bread I won't use these that's yeast I look senator if you don't just son what you got on your mind just a free country I never saw anyone like your son your mouth wide open but your tongue just lay in there well senator the question tonight is who isn't a better comedian Fred Allen or Jack Benny I brought I say I brought it up in the Senate now watch this one son it's tricky I brought it up in the Senate and made senator tidings glad that's a pun son which comedian you like better Allen or Benny where's Allen from boss how about Benny he's from Warkegan Warkegan's west of Boston ain't it yeah then is the one so long so long the senators on back to his newspaper spends all night reading Westbrook Pegler I wonder if tightest day is at his home always so moody howdy bub Mr. Day I see you're at home yeah day in and day out days in but you're saying your eyes look all red been crying bub reading a sad book what's the title of it forever amber tightest forever amber isn't a sad book is when you're my age bub important question I ask you tonight who do you think is the better comedian Fred Allen or Jack Benny well I never hear of myself when they come on to put my radio out in the hen house and the hen house why steps of production every time Allen and Benny lay an egg my hands try to match it and that really increases your egg production yep did up to last Sunday what happened last Sunday all my hands killed themselves straining well so long bub trouble just like city folk let's try this next house you were expecting maybe my old while you listen to the radio I'm trying to find out who do you think is the better comedian Fred Allen or Jack Benny in my house that is making arguments my wife pansy is liking Fred Allen and you I am liking doffy's temple when doffy is broadcasting pansy is leaving the room when Fred Allen is broadcasting I am leaving the room what happens when Jack Benny is broadcasting the radio is leaving the room see if Dennis Cassidy is at home yeah we're no to Brooklyn sat myself down and have its feeling started cheering for the joints cheering for the joints at Brooklyn what happened I'm not long for this world I just not been asked you a question who do you think is the better comedian Fred Allen or Jack Benny well no I wouldn't be known the only program I listen to was a day in the life of an Irish lad on Wednesday night you mean you like Dennis day as me next-door neighbor would say who I know what you mean but my question is who's the better comedian Fred Allen or Jack Benny without a moment's hesitation I picked Jack Benny because to me is the greatest comedian in the whole world well and why did you pick Jack Benny because this is our last program of the season I want to be back next year what it wouldn't be so clever on a night my sponsor here's a new house build at the end of the alley I wonder who lives there I beg your pardon sir well that's quite all right old man go around to the back and I'll give you something to eat is a surprise finding you here yeah look Jack you can you can cut out the imitation stop holding your nose I'm here now I know that's why I'm holding I got the first one in anyway you know you look better with the close pin on why you why you go if you were 30 years younger I punch you right in the eye what you hit a kid of seven listen Benny when you were seven Sarah Bernhardt broke the attendance record at the Roxy and she didn't have Rochester with her either now tell me what are you doing down here in Allen's alley well if you want to know I'm conducting a poll what are you doing here Jack if I told you why I'm here the real honest to goodness truth cross my heart and hope to look like Jessel the real truth you wouldn't you wouldn't believe it yes I would why did you come to louse up your program you're lousy up your own program is not enough now wait a minute Jack let's not argue after all this is your last program of the season you're going off the air yeah I guess you're right I go off the air every year at this time my sponsor thinks I should have a vacation well confidentially Jack that isn't the real reason your sponsor knows that your material won't keep in the summer even printing the scripts on dry ice won't do it you and oysters get a little gamey with the hot weather well I remember a broadcast you did that was so bad it corroded the 6th Avenue L not only that wait a minute wait a minute Benny I have a surprise for you I have some friend of yours friends of yours visiting me well you are you're so cheap I didn't think you hired more than one person at a time I have some friends of yours visiting me here in the alley some friends of mine yes hey fellas come out here boys what are you doing here because I'm conducting a poll to find out who's the better comedian Fred Allen or Jack Benny yes so speak up boys who gets your vote man that we vote for is F. B. Boone he sells cigarettes more he's like and he's naturally mild the man that he works with this baby rigs from golden tobacco he makes many swigs while they're planted every chance you can hear them from mobile to Spranton yes yes indeed he are both goes to speedy and boo say that's very good certainly is what we want boys boys please boys wait a minute wait a minute boys boys wait a minute boys wait a minute we've been here in Allen's alley long enough let's get out of here gentlemen since this is our last program of the season I'd like to present a young comedian who's going to take my place this summer I first met this young man two and a half years ago in the South Pacific he was in uniform entertaining his fellow G eyes and I thought he was great the next time I saw him was after the war we had lunch together and I knew he had a sense of humor because when I paid the check he laughed as I put my hand into his pocket and here he is Jack you're welcome and Jack I want you to know that after we had lunch that day I realized that you had a certain talent that wasn't to be ignored so I went to my sponsor and asked him to give you the summer job well Jack I felt the same way about you you didn't yes I I too noticed that you had a certain talent so I went to my tailor and had him saw up my pocket but look this is in television if we keep calling each other Jack people will get confused so I'll call you Jack and you can call me I can tell him what to call you I give a million dollars if we weren't on the air right don't listen to Jack just call me mr. Benny all right mr. Benny isn't that Fred Allen yes I listen to his program every Sunday well don't apologize that happens to a lot of people they listen to me and forget to turn the radio off after I'm through is it well how can they they're asleep they are not now there is a clever ad lib for you they are not that shows what happens when you catch mr. Benny with his writers down mr. Allen did you say writer certainly you mean that when mr. Benny's on the radio he doesn't just make that stuff up make that stuff up Jack listen son last year for two weeks Benny slept in the lobby of the sherry Netherlands hotel he couldn't ad lib I'd like a room please what are you talking about I ad lib that once and it cost me $12 a day so go be clever I look part you have any plans about what you're going to do starting next week when you take over my show well I don't know too much Jack but I just made sure that I have a very funny script and I'm going to get a lot of laughs laughs what kind of laughs big laughs big laughs Fred yeah come here man yeah you mean that well I think you're right Jack look look kid have you ever tried any dramatic stuff I don't know I haven't even thought about doing anything serious what I had in mind was to come out with a fast opening and say how do you let us and gentlemen this is Jack part a funny thing happened to me on the way to the studio today I crossed the street against the light and step right in front of a taxi cab wait weren't you afraid the cab would hit you of course not everybody knows a cab is yellow you may not have a meter on you but you're short-ticking tonight no no partner those are the kind of jokes Phil Harris uses see that won't you see that won't get you anywhere how come I got him two shows because he doesn't want to be thin like Mary see now it's no use Fred instead of fooling around here let's really try and help Jack part get started on his new career well I guess you're right Jack and I don't mind helping a new comedian after all I can't live forever what about me you already have Fred if you're gonna give the kid advice give it all will you very well now first of all Jack radio is a very good son they're getting a son I get it the radio is a very good business if you're I'm starting to sound like Rochester here radio is a very good business son and you're getting into it at the right time because nowadays if you make good and radio you go to television if you're slipping you go to the Roxy yes for two weeks and kid the next bit of advice I want to give you is the most important of all now one of the worst things that can happen to a radio comedian is to have his program faded off the air this rally newer you were cut off the air a few weeks ago weren't you me cut off the air yes for 25 seconds oh no no no people misunderstood you see I've been in radio for 15 years and to show its appreciation NBC that big-hearted organization gave me those 25 seconds as a vacation with with pay of course I had a wonderful time I hiked to the water cooler built a campfire in a Dixie cup roasted an old script and popped all the corn get what a tan I had when I got back that is what Mr. Benny told me what did Mr. Benny tell you what he said the NBC has a man sitting at master controls and his job is to see that the right person comes on at the right time and when you got a laugh the control man was so startled he thought he had the wrong program and pulled the switch that's exactly what happened well I've got to run along now fellas thanks very much for your advice and I'll try my best to forget it yes yes do that and before you leave Jack I want to wish you a lot of luck on your summer show and I hope that you'll be a great success thank you very much and Jack if at any time you feel that you need some more help and you can't get me at home you see you can buy an album of my records which are now on sale at your local music store you'll you'll also find them in the bagel slot at the Auto man yeah so long Jack so long yeah I think this kid Jack Parr is gonna be all right but gee I Jack Jack Jack stop worrying how can he hurt us on the radio what do you mean what has he got to make jokes about he's young has plenty of his own hair doesn't wear by vocals that's right he hasn't got wrinkles in his face bags under his eye he doesn't talk through his nose or play the violin yeah we haven't got a thing to worry about come on Fred I'll take you over to the water cooler and buy your drink just say this ladies and gentlemen but Jack will be back in just a minute in the meantime here is Basil Risedale as you listen to this a historic chant of the tobacco auctioneer remember LSMF T and American lucky strike means fine tobacco and fine tobacco is what counts in a cigarette 50 million pounds of tobacco bought and sold that's the 21-year record of Harry R. King independent tobacco buyer of Durham North Carolina he said at auction after auction I've seen the makers of lucky strike by a real fine tobacco tobacco that smokes up smooth and mild for a real smoke I pick a lucky smoke number 18 years independent tobacco experts like mr. King can see the makers of lucky strike consistently select and buy that fine that light that naturally mild tobacco fine light naturally mild tobacco real lucky strike tobacco LSMF T lucky strike means fine tobacco yes LSMF T lucky strike means fine tobacco and fine tobacco means real deep down smoking enjoyment for you so smoke that smoke of fine tobacco lucky strike so round so firm so fully packed so free and easy on the draw I want to thank Fred Allen for lousing up my show and I'll try my best to do the same thing for him next week it's our last broadcast of the season we'll be back again in the fall of course we're still at the Roxy theater thanks for listening to us all season and I know you'll enjoy Jack Parr very much during the summer thanks again and good night this is NBC


This recording is before and after using iron and reacting it with copper sulfate solution. So there's the copper sulfate solution. There's the iron. I see a clean nail. Okay, so before, this is what you do. This is what it looks like. Okay, so you just have a nail and a blue solution. Okay, like that. And now, this is after a day. You see the difference in solution. The solution is no longer green or blue. It's brown and the nail. It's not very easily seen, but it's got copper all over it now.