summer months you had to pay the full minimum wage during the school year you could pay a student during vacation periods or during the school year like looking at nights you could pay them the federal wage we didn't change that we just but we made it clear that it was only applicable to secondary school students not the college students it's not summer vacation during summer vacation the department has interpreted to mean that you have to pay full minimum wage which would be 10 70 right now page 3 at the bottom page 2 of ours though that would cause that would cause problems I'm sorry I have a different version but now I have so the section 3 on child care you recall last year the summer study we did on this which is a very extensive summer study was called the minimum wage and benefit cliffs study and there was concern that if you raised low-income workers minimum wage up that they would lose so much in benefits that they would go backwards and what we were told by the Joint Fiscal Office and Deb Brighton that the real problem area in loss of benefits was child care benefits so last year we said that people would stay would be held harmless from an increase in the minimum wage on their child care benefits we had the wisdom in our committee to put the words at the beginning to the extent funds are appropriated because we knew you would put it in anyway even if we didn't so we got in front of you to say that same thing so the idea here was we knew you were going to make the decision on this we wanted to let you know that this was a concern and we did the same language again the difference here is the language is a little looser it has been approved by the the Department of Children and Families Deb Brighton our legislative council to accomplish the same goal a statement of intent that we would like the Appropriations Committee with the added monies in terms of income and save benefits that an increase in the minimum wage will get to the state budget to make sure these people don't go backwards on their child care benefits and so again it's to the appropriate monies for the same the minimum wage adjustment for inflation report we continue to maintain as we did in last year's bill that was vetoed COLA based upon the CPI but we also want to report back prior to the end of 2024 I think it's January 15 2023 into 23 an analysis of other possibilities that for inflation factors or whether there should be an inflation factor that was in last year's bill we continue to struggle with two issues in our committee and they were also things we dealt with last time and we came to the same conclusion was typically employees is there are very strong advocates on both sides of this issue a lot of restaurant owners want to get rid of the five dollars and something they pay altogether or freeze it and not have it float with the increase in the minimum wage right now there's a formula that says a tip minimum wage employee shall get 50% of what our minimum wage is so 50% so if we're at 1078 now they're getting 539 now a lot of tips it's mandatory that if they don't get up to the 1078 that the employer is supposed to make up the difference we don't know there's been apparently one case in the Department of Labor where somebody has had that enforced against them so we don't know how often people complain in fact advocates who would like to see the tip minimum wage disappear and go to 1078 say that people are going to complain and they're also indicating that it leads to increased sexual harassment because people have to be waitresses have to be more accommodating to advances in order to get their tips because they're so dependent upon the tips it's reported by others but not by you correct not by me right now if you're yes some advocates who want to get rid of the who want the tip minimum wage to be the same as the regular minimum wage make that case we decided that it was worthy of a study and I think it is there are states go in a lot of different directions some have one uniform wage some have just used the federal minimum wage 2013 cents that's another approach that people have started to use and that has met with a lot of it when you see I know one restaurants doing that it's met with a lot of resistance from the wait staff and some people like that some people don't it's it's not a straightforward as I think it is I think we could benefit from knowing what this you know the best practices are out there in other states and what our options are we put only if they're legislators I think it's a choice this right now I'm sorry if you're not a state employee right exactly the pain and if you're a legislator you get paid we would have no obviously that's your choice and I think that makes sense we we have one member appointed by the speaker one member appointed by the committee committees actually it's two members appointed by both of those people one of which has to be an expert or represent business and one has to be representing workers and we also threw in there because some members of our committee at a very late stage wanted to get rid of the school exemption that I talked about before and they wanted to say school work students should get paid the full minimum wage year-round and we just said we need to study that because we didn't take much testimony on that same thing with regard to where you have under the definition of secondary school students under 18 years working and all or any part of the school year of regular application periods how does the labor person or maybe this is someplace else in here how do they know that it doesn't seem to me that's a regular location I think that's an excellent question and I think most people are unaware of this exemption I think for instance and I didn't even know this exemption existed but that's the position of the department so I mean how does the lay person know it from I would you just let the language alone but I think it's a good point I welcome clarification of that and if you want we could put in there excluding summer vacations and make it just clear straightforward clear I think that's the intent of our language I think center raise a good point and we would be if you want to do that we would be happy to do it too I think my committee would be that's what was our intent I will take it back to my committee and maybe we'll have some testimony I'm just saying unless we want to take testimony on it Alan or get a Department of Labor explain how they inform employers of their wage responsibilities they I'm sure they have lots of guidance that they send out but I'm not sure so the timetable that you said was last year's bill on on 2024 the end date so you just simply you're trying to keep the same mandate as the last yes okay you mentioned earlier that the federal minimum wage for tip workers was $2 and something some yes or is that and the federal minimum of seven and a quarter seven twenty five other questions thanks I think I understand the language starting at the bottom of page one if the minimum wage reestablished by the US government is greater I think I understand how comfortable how sure are you that this is protecting the so-called cliff the idea that that you get a raise and there will definitely be some benefits that will go down food stamps will go down as a result of getting an increase in the minimum wage if you're working at the minimum wage but your child care benefits won't go down so it is true that for every dollar we raise the minimum wage minimum wage workers won't receive a total dollar increase in there for each $3 more you earn the benefits reduced a dollar so there's gain but it's it's related and we're not we are that's a federal program yeah and I reference the wrong which I mentioned section 3 that's a silly can't change that well so that no it'll get these people are encouraging to get off from that it's not a cliff it's a small copy yeah actually food stamps are more of a slope than any program because it's for every $3 more you earn the benefit is reduced once you're gaining two bucks a lot of the programs you get up to X percent of the federal poverty level and you're totally off there's no slope it's just a cliff so we can't change food stamp eligibility it's a federally funded benefit but we are on health care I mean can we call this other than something other than wages so that Bobby that I don't know they you know in other words if you get above 300% of federal poverty level we're going to create a slope this is something that has been studied and it can be done it's just the cost it takes to do it but probably the most closely aligned to creating a slope than anything the relationship between tips how's the relationship between tips how does the bill affect the situation when you go out to dinner and there's a quote service charge which the layperson says oh what a nice employer is making sure the waitress gets a tip but in fact there are places where that service charge compensates management for the waitresses that's your intent on page two I bet and section 2 this was a service charge shall not be considered a tip that's the language of concern just want to make sure you you think this does not have loopholes this apparently this is existing practice and it protects it's to protect the weight waiters I think this last year was raised by you and that's why the language in there yeah I'm not sure this is the same as last year yes thank you shall we keep going I don't know how far we got to the study and what the committee is going to do part of the labor will call it and then we have a conversation on page five that's it the only thing definitely on the last page about number two we we give up redeem compensation and reimbursement for members of the committee who are not employees of this but if they should I guess that was anticipating them becoming from private business or from the that sector as opposed because so many of our study committees are composed of people who get paid as part of their normal duty and we don't so we have something we put in or otherwise not compensated by the employer so that it's not a double payment and Damien you know what I'm talking about as a matter of protocol maybe it's good it may not mean that has any relevance here but we don't know who the appointments might be so just to keep it consistent with our normal language around compensation okay that's okay with you yes all right so the major piece that we're getting into and this is what Bobby was talking about that's the the slope or the impact on benefits in this case we're just dealing with the child care because that was based on the analysis seemed to be where people would be the most adversely impacted by this wage increase so other questions of the senator if we could figure out some way to offset that you know if an employer has to raise their wages by a couple bucks and yet the recipient is gonna lose a dollar from some federal program that who's really one nobody because the recipient hasn't really won because they're only getting part of the $1 of the two that the employers raise they're losing money maybe on their health care or their childcare so I think we should fix the child care thing and rent subsidy or whatever so that at least everybody wins on this the employer they've got to way to raise this extra money why you think it away from the recipient you know because we cut these other programs and I just worried that it's a road to nowhere because I've heard people here talk about getting all these benefit programs in alignment but I'm guessing the reason it hasn't happened yet is because if you do one throws off the other and then the other gets twisted and so but I actually but because it's so complicated I've heard people say don't allow people to earn more when they show up for work because it'll take away a benefit from them well like a government program benefit and I always think well that means they're valid valuing a government dollar more than a dollar earned which would I think that's problematic positions so I agree with you that it's screwed up but I worry other reason it hasn't happened before us because they don't figured out how to make all the dials and we have study on slopes cliffs etc well it comes if the state does it it's the price tag is huge because you can get it into student assistance where people would earn more and it would reduce the amount of financial aid for college to pay I mean the public housing is another example so it a fuel assistance and the list goes on and on so it can be costly my other question though is from a policy basis people are arguing that wages should be raised to a livable level so that people are not so dependent on these financial benefits I mean that's another argument I've heard for having the wages keep pays more than they have was that I mean if you were to describe the policy basis behind this bill how would you describe it income inequality wage stagnation wage gaps people's taxpayers paying to keep get people to a livable wage or basic needs budget I had a handout but it's probably more than you want of charts showing where we are and stuff but that's the policy behind it and it used to be to like somewhere like in the 1970s where productivity in this country wage earners were keeping getting a fair share of that productivity now there's this big gap where productivity is going way up and the low-income workers are not sharing in the gains and this is one tool I understand what happened to the idea that we would base our inflationary but we we several years ago decided we're not going to talk about minimum wage and we're going to target the minimum wage based upon the rate of inflation many progressive and other causes you know went after the 15 this bill gets to $15 somewhat ahead of where we would have gotten and we just targeted the inflation why didn't we go back and increase you know the inflation or rewrite the inflation factor to make sure if they kept up to some extent more with the cost of living in Vermont which I hope is the problem we're trying to solve and not just trying to say well New York 15 Seattle 15 and this one's 15 so everybody that's got a democratic legislature going 15 right because the argument back then was you vote for this now and you'll never have to vote again on a minimum wage bill so what was this about I believe it was about 10 years ago just before you arrived okay just before the progressive coalition I don't remember being here when there was these well I think you can do this one I know that there was a promise that was the promise made other than a crazy minimum wage that Jerry Morrissey proposed that would have been $50 an hour or something which was a joke I never voted against the minimum wage but not as it was designed to get out a certain senator who was claiming who had a business in Mexico where he wasn't charging Jerry pointed out to him that while he was advocating for a minimum wage in Vermont is Mexican workers were being taken advantage of and so he proposed something like $30 an hour or something it was a pretty gigantic boost that she would really have been sorry if it ever passed other than that I don't think I voted against the minimum wage but we had continually were voting to increase the minimum wage yes so where is the problem what happened well I think it's what I just described is that the cost of living and basic needs budget is just going way up here but why didn't we say okay rather than going after $15 the might have gone to 16 or 17 if we did it that way but seems like this is kind of taking us backwards where next year the proposal and I would be 17 or two years it's a different the next biennium people probably go in on a $17 that the 15 didn't get us there close it's a different way of maybe getting to the same place I I don't know I remember this we had in our law the inflation factor being inflation or five five percent whichever is less that was the inflation factor and somebody from the business community said why don't we just do inflation or five percent whichever is greater because inflation was so low and that was pretty much the the numbers that we came up with it's just more traditional way of doing the minimum wage I've been doing minimum wages first when I do it was three dollars and ten cents yeah so you've been so I think we're setting ourselves up to be continually voting on increase minimum wage which we wanted and I think it makes to avoid continually voting on a minimum wage increase by not going after that inflation factor and saying well this hasn't came up so finding a formula that takes into account the minimum the basic needs I'm making sure that the minimum wage stand was that part of the reason we have this study yeah but I say I don't I just the way it's going to work I won't be here when you have the 14th vote on minimum wage in the next five years well but I would I would guarantee you that this is going to be everybody and you'll have a minimum wage vote if you don't deal with something like this I think it was it it may not have been the right factor it may may have been too slow whatever and I realize it's hard to step back now with three weeks to trust but I would hope that we could at least avoid these continuing debates I would say one thing just to put it a little bit in concrete perspective that last year I think it's gotten worse that to reach $15 on your existing law you'd have to wait till 2034 I'm not Michael I'm not even arguing against the $15 I'm just saying I'm hoping that you will find a way to make it 17 to make it 18 so I have a certain Westman and then Alice you know I hear all the stuff about me the pressure this creates on the budget did you take any testimony I've got childcare on providers that this is going to on the side of the wages that they have done I had one child care provider that tells me that per kid it's $40 of the extra they're going to have to make up my mental health agency is going to for us to maintain that is going to increase my home health agency we took testimony from all the same people we took both in the summer study committee in last year's bill and we did an analysis that showed that even in the school districts that every step of the way there was very little immediate impact and and most of the areas you talked about there was likely to be no impact into 2024 so we did all that and we have an analysis both from the joint fiscal office last year and also in the summer study in a lot of depth asked to that and it's surprisingly less than you would think I'm not saying it's non-existent but it's pretty small that isn't what I heard from you are addressing it no you are you are pressing it for the subsidy in the fee scale kids two pieces one of which is the cost of labor that's what number two I think as I read it was attempting to do to to offset the estimated increase of the cost of child care resulting from the increase in minimum wage required in this act so I think that is the only provider that is specifically addressed here in terms impact other questions and then maybe we can go into so yes so with regard to when the report happens 2023 and say so get the report say the legislature is in a very conservative event that year this is okay we're just going to ignore that report so then is it true then that the that the wage employee will then be at $15 now without any chance of an increase if the legislature did nothing the existing CPI would kick it would that's spelled out someplace it's an existing law right now that that will kick in it right right right that's the default yeah okay that's good to know any other questions otherwise we'll visit Dennis going to testify that in terms of the analysis that was undertaken by George so for the record I've never written on a consultant to the giant fiscal office and if you have maybe five minutes I can take you through this picture first it will sort of explain why the section two in the bill okay so this is just an example of one of the families in the basic needs budget this is a two-parent family two working parents two children the children are six and four the six year old goes to school full day but needs childcare after school the four year old gets pre-k but otherwise has children full-time and so across the bottom is a household at different wage levels so this the numbers across the bottom would be their total wages then the height of the bar represents the total resources that they have available to them to meet their basic needs so the blue dark blue part the bottom part is what they end up with as their after-tax income this year that goes up the bottom wedge that goes up smoothly then on top of that you have monthly benefits which are mostly in this case Medicaid going into the exchange health care also fuel assistance and let's see then the other ones that we have are food stamps which is a fairly big one to stand on its own and it's all federal then after that the blue color is tax credits and that shows significantly the EITC at the low end yes and then the top part is child care subsidy and I've also included in that purple color on the top pre-k which is why it continues up at the high income because pre-k goes to everybody no matter what income and so then if you look at the bottom where I've shown a little arrow on the bottom minimum wage current law and then if it were $15 an hour in the same year and then you look at what's happening at that income range and their net resources are actually dipping down in that income range and it's what exists now it's not caused by the minimum wage change we have this issue where before people are really making ends meet if they earn another dollar they can lose more than a dollar and it's a combination of everything however if you just visually take off that part you can see that the family if they didn't need child care even though they're losing other benefits they continue to increase the light blue if you take off that purple in the very top that's that's what we're trying to fix and ideally we would fix the whole benefits system so that the things didn't fade out at the same time and so that they kept going longer and so that that phase out schedule each one made sense but a lot of these are federal that child care one although it is federal we fund more than that amounts we have much more flexibility and continuing to fund it and change the rules so the idea was to do those two things that are mentioned in the bill one is to recognize that the cost of child care would go because child care workers many of them are paid less than what would be the $15 minimum wage and the second is we would try to make it so that people who hadn't increased their income equal to the increase in the minimum wage would not lose would not go on this downslope so essentially what we'd be doing is we take that sliding fee scale where the subsidy phases out and it has income brackets just like our income tax when we want to avoid bracket creep we index the income brackets by the CPI in this case we index the subsidy brackets for the child care thing the minimum wage the change the minimum wage so that where you're seeing that slope down or about 45,000 and so forth right you just move it it will still slope down but you'll move it over so that you're filling this in slice by slice the next year it move over a little bit more next year it move over a little bit more we wouldn't solve the problem completely but we would slice by slice we'd solve it and I remember a few years ago when we were presented this and the issue and so what's the answer and the answer was it was so daunting to think that we could completely fill that in that we can come up with it but anyway this is a way to do it so at the same time that the minimum wage is increasing and you know people are reaching these stages we're also getting more money from income tax from these people because more income and we're also getting savings from other programs so in for 2020 this would be a half of a year because this would take place January 1st so we're estimating that the cost would be that $800,000 but we also estimate that we get 1.3 million dollars in increased revenue and savings from other programs not to say that it would all be directed to this but we would have that coming in so we could cover the cost but that's the issue is how we can target that money or you know how to make it appropriation links to this and then we forget all the way to 2024 and in 2024 dollars the cost would be 11 million 11.1 million over current law and that the increased revenue and savings would be 18.3 I haven't done calculations for the interim years but last year when we did it it was the first year was the most difficult one and then you know that revenue increased faster than the cost and last year we were writing this we knew that our base and child care was a bit high remember and we knew that and therefore we wrote it in such a way that we knew that that money was there in the base and it was because caseload was down and it gave us the capability within the appropriation to to absorb that first year as you're saying before the off setting revenues materialized I don't think we're quite in the same place this year but that's what we'll have to figure out relative to last year was easier because of that because of that base and we knew the money was there because this year we still had that 2.5 million in the base and about 25% of it would have and we also but we did but that was simply the increase of particular area but yes that's true and we put it into infant and toddler rates and we brought their rates up to 18 rates and that helped us to carry you know but we still have rates for school age and preschool that are 2008 rates well we have another proposal to address that but I'm just saying in terms of funding that relationship between minimum wage and the child care last year was we were in a different spot so to speak so okay thank you other questions so yeah well really a question it being an employer I'd hate to have to pay my employee $2.00 $3.00 more an hour and still not have them get up to the line and then have them actually lose a buck or two from their services yeah I if you're really going to help people let's help them and and straighten out both sides of it the employer should be paying more but we shouldn't be cutting cutting it off in there we should be taking the extra money and building that in but not just for one notch at a time to take like 14 15 years to get to the end if you only get one line a year I think there's 14 or something and by the time you got to the end you'd have another sag up above me just a matter of where the sag occurs at the higher income well the cost of living keeps going up and the cost of child care and everything else so we do have to address the commitment is to address the most pressing impact on the child care subsidy for lower income working families and last year as I said it was easy because we knew we had the child care appropriation to accommodate that protection so David unless we have further questions of that we have and we have a whole hour for vets home yeah I meet with them now you probably have to leave them for about 15 20 minutes well then why don't we take the break but I hate to have them so they're going to have an hour and 15 minutes or half of time huh okay I'm just wondering if how people want to do it I know people have gotten sometimes appointments that are booked during the break do you want to break come back on this at 3 30 which means we're going to be pushing the vets home later in the afternoon I'm getting picked up by the shuttle 425 well why don't we shorten the break time and come back about 20 after and dick if you're a little bit late but well I know what you're it really would be nice to have some mechanisms so that would be nice to go on yeah every year and it's somehow the basis of right and you know what they adjusted factors to be but that's not what we have okay so 20 minutes if you could be back we don't have the pro tem here in your way in case we do what is the problem with putting a book on the floor because they don't want you to step on it I'm not going to step on it over there if you want I can put it here both you and Diane Snelling had to always go over there to get the book I don't know why you can't leave it somewhere right around there yeah we couldn't hopefully you're over I'm not getting keep us I'm just saying it's been going on for years committee we have two things left one is to finish the discussion on the minimum wage and whether we want to vote on it today or not the pro tem is not here and he needs to be when we vote we do have Damian lemon amendment that makes it clear that if someone's appointed who is getting paid as part of their job they don't get the per diem which is just more of a technical we have in our area if we agree to the language that the house about the economic development has it is making it clear that our intent is to recognize the cliff impact on the child care benefit both on providers I know that they took a lot of testimony and I think you know the concern and I think we need to be very conscious and I think this gets back to some extent what Bobby was talking about but many many services are funded by state government and I'm talking about nurse you know as senator Westman said DNA but also our nursing homes and they want to get medicaid or where they are providing a personal service it could be use services for example I don't know but if we are basically saying that we want this wage to move up then those of us who sit around this table have to recognize that those costs are going to come back and have to be recognized and we have experienced it in some extent with with the contract negotiations with our personal care providers where the budget found accommodation to address those salary increases and I think that's one of the concerns is that we understand the collateral impacts are way beyond the child care program and it is going to put pressure and an obligation on the other hand I know that we've had this circular discussion many people are concerned that low wages externalized costs of the government programs and the and that government are providing benefits that are at a level greater than they need to be now maybe when we get into the full return of this and the analysis that's done by joint fiscal and staff the return back either in terms of avoided savings on benefit programs or additional revenue that might come in in the form of taxes Car keys? I guess so You want me to embarrass that? Nobody would want my car Kitty borrowed it but she must have gotten back Well it's a stick shift and she hasn't driven one for a long time but I think she made it well it is old and it's dirty too she told me was quite in need of care I don't care all I do is want to key and turn it on and go down the road so my only point is yeah getting back to the wage is that we need to understand what those collateral impacts on the other hand we can say as a state of Vermont we have an obligation to pay people a decent wage and the extent to which we have had people work in these programs What? Nicolapses Well or we're going to have to we've been providing extraordinary relief So oh boy we're getting killed on the House bill H-57 To amend what? The wage bill? To do what Bobby? To do what? Well if we're only bothered out of here maybe we could fix it so it would be a little bit more palatable Well the big problem is if you want to expand protection here in advance the more money you have to advance before the revenues and those service reductions kick in that's so I think what we were talking about last year was a half year cost was 800,000 with an 800,000 total close to that so that's what we're deciding on right now we're not appropriating it this is just language and this creates an expenditure that we have to address when we build the budget Knowing what our fiscal situation is at this point to extend beyond this right now I don't see how we can do it I'm just saying we're going to have to recognize those costs out in the future years because like nursing homes are going to have to meet those higher costs and that's going to have to be recognized in the rates that they're paid and we don't do a direct appropriation that way to them in the same way we do for childcare So I'm not going to sit without the pro tem here I'm going to just hold off a vote on this Further testimony We can pass out for people's consideration it's the technical change relative to the compensation for who's going to be on that study committee and we will defer a final action until tomorrow and I know that we're running against a clock that's going to be 20 after you said and so we have on the schedule and you have to So I'm going to at this point we will just move on from minimum wage people have more questions or concerns I think we know that this is a complicated issue and one that I don't want to pass out right now simply to give people more time to consider and to have the pro tem here as well when we do the roll call on it


These are all the things that you see me use on Instagram or Snapchat but they haven't really got like a dedicated video so I'm going to break it all down for you right now. First of all I got to say I am feeling my eye shadow today. I am trying to experiment this year in 2018 forcing myself to one, learn how to do eye shadow because I'm pretty new to the game and I always found myself wearing the same lip color like every day so I'm challenging myself to one, master eye shadow and two, change my lip color. Now in order to keep me on track I'm actually using a subscription service called Deck of Scarlet. If you guys haven't heard of this Deck of Scarlet is a subscription service where you get new makeup every two months sent to your house so you're not waiting in line at the mall. You literally have makeup sent to you. So if you watch my Snapchat and you see me like dancing with packages you could do that too when you get your Deck of Scarlet in the mail. 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Not only the scent and bread have over 450 scents to choose from they also have lotion and body scrubs as well so you could choose between getting a lotion, a body scrub or a perfume every month and this is not just for the ladies there's also cologne as well so for only $14.95 all of you perfume junkies out there can just go the website click on a scent you want to have your new perfume hand cream or body scrubs sent to your house every month they also offer free shipping and I have a promo code so you can save 25% off your first order using sentinbird.com so I'll make sure to put that below as well another beauty item that I have to share with you is my new favorite drugstore mascara I honestly never use high-end mascaras because there's so many really good drug store ones so my current favorite is the L'Oreal voluminous lash paradise mascara I've already showed you a sneak peek if you follow me on snapchat or Instagram and you saw how amazing it looks but if you don't follow me but you should let me show you how well this mascara works so here in my eyes obviously with no mascara I'm looking kind of dead now watch how fast this mascara instantly wakes me up just going into the bottle one time look how it extends my lashes I absolutely love this mascara let's take a look here's my eye with mascara versus without day and night this is why it's so hard for me to spend like $20 on a mascara when this one costs like $8 found in any drugstore look how fabulous my next favorite that I have to show you guys here on YouTube is my tress hat if you guys follow me on Instagram you saw my 12 days of giveaway and I actually did a whole Instagram video on this and I gave one away but if you don't know you really need to follow me on Instagram just do it right now just let's just get it out the way okay now that we're friends again this hat right here is literally made for us curly people it has three elastic bands already built in the hat so you don't need a scrunchie it is made out of vegan leather so it looks so like legit shiny does not look like cheap at all and it's also made really big because we have big hair that usually doesn't fit under a normal hat and the best part is it's satin line so you know how I tell you to sleep on a satin pillowcase or get a satin bonnet it's the same thing but in your hat so when you take it off you're not getting any hat hair but let me show you how it works all you do is put your hand through the top like this then you're gonna get all of your hair together for your ponytail and all you do is pull your hand through the bands and voila instant beautiful ponytail look at that it kind of does like the cheating look of the double ponytail making it longer than it really is how cute is that you definitely should check out my tress hat video on my Instagram page you also can follow them on Instagram at tress4us I'll put their information below as well as a link to buy one for yourself the next favorite I want to talk about is for our hair which is the curly co diffuser this diffuser is the perfect diffuser for the curly guy or gal because it's collapsible so you literally can make it flat and pack it store it easy on the dough you just stretch it back out when you need it and collapse it when you don't it has this rubber material so it makes it really easy to attach on different sized nozzles I personally use it on my diva dryer it fits on there just fine now yes you guys know I love my diva dryer and my diva little claw hand diffuser attachment which is really good for getting in your roots without giving you any frizz but the diffuser does not really fit most blow dryer so for those of you that maybe can't afford the diva dryer and your attachment doesn't fit on the blow dryer you have this one has a nice like rubber attachment I personally like to use my diva diffuser when I just want to get my roots or I have enough time to really dry my hair curl by curl but if I don't have the time that's when I will grab my curly coat diffuser because it gets a lot of hair at one time so kind of just speeds up the process if I'm in a rush oh snaps I just checked the curly coat website these diffusers are usually 29.99 but they're on sale right now for only 14.99 that's half price I have no idea how long the sale is going on for and I don't know when you're actually watching this video but if you go now you might need to stock up another curly must-have that I just always needed my life is my curl keeper water bottle you guys have probably seen me use this water bottle just about in every refreshed styling video that I've posted on YouTube and it is by curl keeper it's their H2O and it literally says the best water bottle for fabulous curls so the cool thing about is that it has a nice I don't know what my hair oh well it has like a mist you guys see that so it's not like a squirt bottle but it just gently miss your curls which is great for refreshing you should not be washing your hair every day you should not be making your hair super soaked every day we just want to re-wet it and apply the product and I use this every time this water bottle can be found at frisoff.com and it goes for $15 so those are all of my current random favorite beauty items and just random things that I love and think you need in your life please let me know what was your favorite item that I showcased today have you tried any of these do you like it as well leave a comment with your opinion below and also make sure to follow me on Twitter Instagram and snapchat at Ms. Bianca Renee that way you're not the last to know about these things I post two new videos every week once on Friday once on Sunday so I hope to see you guys next week thanks for watching Bianca Renee today


Hello friends, I am Purva and today we will work out the following question. Find the direction cosines of the vector joining the points A, 1, 2, minus 3 and B, minus 1, minus 2, 1 directed from A to B. Let us now begin with the solution. We are given the points A, 1, 2, minus 3 and B, minus 1, minus 2, 1. Now let O be the origin. Then we have vector OA is equal to i cap plus 2 j cap minus 3 k cap and vector OB is equal to minus i cap minus 2 j cap plus k cap. Now by trying the law we know that vector AB is equal to vector OB minus vector OA. This is equal to, now vector OB is equal to minus i cap minus 2 j cap plus k cap minus vector OA is equal to i cap plus 2 j cap minus 3 k cap.  Now to find a unit vector in the direction of vector AB we need to find mod of vector AB. So we have mod of vector AB is equal to under root of minus 2 square plus minus 4 square plus 4 square and this is equal to under root of 4 plus 16 plus 16 which is equal to under root of 36. So we get mod of vector AB is equal to 6. Now the unit vector in the direction of vector AB that is n cap is equal to vector AB upon mod of vector AB. We have this is equal to now vector AB is equal to minus 2 i cap minus 4 j cap plus 4 k cap upon mod of vector AB is equal to 6. So we have 6. So we have n cap is equal to minus 1 upon 3 i cap minus 2 upon 3 j cap plus 2 upon 3 k cap. Hence we get the direction cosines as minus 1 upon 3 minus 2 upon 3 and 2 upon 3.  Hope you have understood the solution. Bye and take care.


Well, if you ever wanted to say thank you to the troops for their service, Paul Bunyan Mall is giving you that opportunity. There's a thank you to our troop station near Center Court that allows you to write letters or create special drawings to thank the men and women in service. We want to start a letter writing and a coloring for the troops. Makes them happy when they receive handwritten or colored pictures from kids. It's something we've done in the past. This year we're hoping to make it a little bit bigger and a little bit better. Anyone can participate for the entire month of June during mall business hours. The letters represent gestures of gratitude for troops and to show them how much people care about them and respect their efforts. I guess in a sense loved maybe I hope that we appreciate them and that we care how they feel and that we appreciate everything they do for us. At the end of the month the letters will be turned into Operation Independence, an organization that delivers care packages to service members and they will distribute the letters. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


What's good y'all it's your boy Ross back out again with another video We're about to check out the Undertaker's most savage moments reason why we're checking this out the Undertaker Officially announced his retirement from in ring competition Is one of those things where you start to realize how old you're getting I? remember watching the Undertaker as a kid and used to be afraid of him cuz He's a dead man quote-unquote dead man. That's out here using lightning and and Using his trickery to scare wrestlers I don't know if you guys remember the storyline where he pretty much Sacrificed stone cold he hung stone cold from his Undertaker logo as like a sacrifice Like you know in a crucified position like it was that was scary to me You know I'm saying and then of course his brother came was also equally as scary the dude Sat up there and tried to kill mankind live on television. You know as a kid seeing that you're just like y'all This is this is an opposing individual and he's you as you got older. You appreciated how Dedicated he was to the character Arguably and I don't think there's no debate This is probably Vince McMahon's greatest character creation because when you think about it The Undertaker was one of those individuals that it didn't matter how many years went by when you heard the gong and The lights went out You knew you was in for something and it was just it's just one of those type of things where he really did a lot For you know for the business and he was always true to his character He never was the one to break a faith He never really just got a look at Mark Callaway until recently, you know I'm saying so we're gonna check this out You feel me just so we can just go down memory lane, you know and just it's one of those things where Then a day we think the Undertaker for putting his body on the line for many many years to entertain us So if you guys got any more Undertaker clips Did you want me to check out send them to me because I definitely want to just check out some more Undertaker clips Just in just in honor of his legacy and what he left us You know I'm saying and and how he pretty much Gave his body up for our entertainment. So we're gonna check out some of these clips appreciate all of them support Roll to 20k. Let's get into it man. I remember this Oh Now when you hear this theme music to keep rolling rolling on boys the American badass Undertaker. Yeah boys was getting turned This is just I like this version of the Undertaker the American badass where he actually talked and he was he was a savage bro You come down on the motorcycle.  This was such a good turn, bro.  Deborah. I told you once I think I've nothing to do with the wives But I would like for you to take a message back to Steve for me Okay, now what is that?     He was such a good heal too.


I'm gonna start New Year's Day, New Year's Eve, New Year's Day off with a walk. Sounds like a plan to me, don't you think? Exercise, it's a good thing. Good way to start the day. I'll be back. Hey guys, a little bit of New Year's Day rearranging. I do really, really want a new, bigger table, but in the meantime, it was past time to move things around and make it more open. I put the ironing board and iron away, I don't need it out all the time and when I do need it out, it's easy enough to pull out, it's in the closet back there. So are you ready? You know, yesterday, I did that sitting corner. Hold on, let me turn you around. I move the stencils over here and we'll move slowly. I don't wanna make anybody dizzy. We move this little table. My sister calls it my little altar table. Anyway, we moved it here with some artwork. I now have a chair in the window. I can sit and read and drink some tea. Love that idea. Got some books on the floor, some books on this footstool on a tray. Love that. That didn't change. Paperwork I have to finish. It's one of my Ikea carts over here, which is great because when I am painting, I can pull it out over here and it's next to me rather than having to like spin like a top to get things, which I feel like I'm doing sometimes when I'm painting. Didn't change, didn't change, didn't change. I did reconfigure the table. There you go. So I had these white shelves on either end, short end of the table. I moved them to the back, moved everything off the table to the back, cleaned out a few things. I only have on the table, what's the next project I need to work on, just swatching the alcohol markers I was sent. I also had another Ikea cart that was in Bob's office that he was just using with random stuff on it. And I put all the other things that I want out to use when I'm journaling that I don't wanna put away on the Ikea cart, which like the other one, I can wheel around to where I'm working, work on my journal, when I'm done, put everything back in the cart and wheel it back over here. If I stand back, look at all this open floor space. I do still want a bigger table because I mean, I can fit it in the room, but this will work and this is much more open, I think. What do you think? Let me know in the comments down below. I'll be back. It's about 10.30 a.m. Monday morning, January 2nd. Bob has today off and then he goes back to work tomorrow. So I think that we're gonna try to get the rest of the Christmas decorations inside down today. We're also going to go for a drive somewhere and get some steps in. We might venture into Portland, which we haven't done often since COVID started. And maybe go to Pioneer Square. I don't think we've been there since COVID started. If we have, it's only been like one time. So we're gonna go do that today.  Hold on one second. I put you down because my arm was sore or yeah, anyway. And then my dad called. So yeah, Bob and I have decided too that we're gonna continue our healthy journey and we have gained a couple pounds back between Hawaii and Christmas. So for me, I'm going to be really controlling my snacking. Like I have a problem with snacking. Drinking more bone broth. Of course, being as active as possible. The weather's still kind of weird outside. We could go walk in the neighborhood regardless or go over to the gym. But I think we're gonna go for a drive and go walking around downtown, as I said earlier. So I think we're gonna try that instead and get some steps in. And then we have to come home and do some chores, mainly taking down Christmas decorations. So we're gonna do that today. I'm just up here.  So I have three weeks full of clips to edit for that. So it's gonna be interesting. So anyway, but I need to do that before I film the Ohuhu videos. And I have some ideas for that. So yeah, we're gonna do that. It's a lot, but I have time and it'll keep me from snacking. So it's all good. And I love the new setup of the art room. It's really, really, really working for me. So anyway. All right, that's it for the minute. I'll be back. Tuesday morning, January 3rd, 10, 14 a.m. That took almost three hours, but we have the end of 2022 vlog edited and rendering. It is gonna be a little bit of a long one. It's 43 minutes and change. I did edit out as much as I can. I do think I need to make a separate video for my plain air urban sketching equipment that I built over the holiday. So that will be something I will do that will be shared over in Patreon. So if you wanna see that, please think about joining my Patreon. It helps support the free content here on YouTube besides all the other stuff. Anyway, I'm going to let the computer do its thing. I'm gonna go make myself a cup of bone broth and then I think I'm gonna sit up here in my new reading nook and read or watch YouTube on my iPad while the computer does its job and then I continue editing because I'm not done yet. Okay, I'm thinking of time. Plus I forgot to write a daily post for my Facebook group yesterday. I should say weekly post. Completely forgot all about it. So I guess I should do that too at some point today. Oops, I'll be back. Video editing is done. Things are loaded. Did I mess anything up in the editing process? Probably, but anyway. Two of the videos are loading to the main channel. One is for the Patreon channel. So I'll load that one up when the other is done and then I still have to write social media posts. So just, I'm gonna let the computer do its thing. I also realized I forgot to print any calendars for my planner for YouTube and stuff for 2023. So good thing it's only a couple of days into the new year, right? So I guess I better do that. First I'm gonna grab my lunch though and sit back in my chair upstairs which is my new favorite spot and under my blanket and let the computer do its job before I task it with doing anything else while I eat my lunch and yeah. All right, I'll be back in a second. Good morning everybody.  It's because it's, well, it's eight o'clock in the morning but I haven't showered or anything yet. I've been up since just after six a.m. Bob had to get up at the crock of dawn to go to the courthouse because he has jury duty. So he's sitting over at the courthouse waiting to see if his name and number get called. Those of you who've been on jury duty before know the process. So anyway, he's texting me on and off. He had a little bit of a fever again yesterday but I think it broke last night. I am coughing again today but I have no fever. I have a little bit of a sore throat but again, no fever because I'm asthmatic and have like five million tons of allergies. It's not been uncommon. And unless I get a fever I'm not gonna worry about it too much but I am taking some meds and drinking plenty of fluids and it could be an allergic reaction to something I got for Christmas. So I'm gonna stop using that and go back to what I was using and see if it clears it up because that's a possibility. We've got video to film today and stuff. I don't have a car so I'm not going anywhere. I may go for a walk later but we'll just see how I feel and what the weather does. So I'll be back. I'm stalling and sitting in the corner with my tea, my new favorite spot. I need to get some filming done. I'm gonna go grab some bone broth, take a restroom break and all of that stuff. And the alcohol markers. I'll be okay, you know what? It's a miracle I got that video filmed. I don't know if it's gonna be one or two at this point but I got it done. Alcohol marker video and yeah, my phone kept dinging. I got a phone call from the husband but stuff just kept happening. It is raining cats and dogs outside as they say, like massive amounts of rain. I haven't had lunch yet. I don't know what time it is. I don't know. It's almost two o'clock. I guess I should eat something. Maybe make some more tea. So anyway, video is done. It's in the can as they say. I'll edit it maybe tomorrow. I'm not gonna do it today. I'm gonna make myself some lunch. I'm gonna clean up my mess. I know you can't see my face. It's dark in the hallway. Anyway, I'm going to be done with that for the day and go relax. I'll be back. Morning everybody. It's 9.50 a.m. January 5th. I think Thursday. I don't know if I mentioned it or not but Bob and I have the coughing, cold, flu thing again. I don't have a fever like last time but I want to cough and hack up a lung and because I'm evidently congested because I'm sleeping with my mouth open and I wake it up in the morning with a sore throat. I feel like the beginning stages of when I had my workplace injury that caused my asthma. Anyway, cough medicine, cough drops, all on board. Anyway, morning everybody. Yes, Mr. Bob and I are still not feeling well but we're getting better slowly. I am on Sertraline, aka Zoloft. And so that means that I can't take any over the tower cold medicine because there's drug interaction issues. So I did send a message to my doctor last night asking him, what I can take? Is he gonna reply today at some point say, why don't you come in? Probably. If it happens, we should both go in at the same time. What he said, because we both have it and we're both not feeling well and we both have had it twice now and we're sick and tired of being sick and tired. Sick and tired of the clogged nose. Yeah. The sore throat. Yeah. And we have the same primary care physician. So we probably should just go do that. So. The one day spike in temperature. Yeah, he keeps getting a fever. Yeah, so anyway. So that's fun. Which means I haven't had any energy to do anything. I do have video to edit but I'll see if I can get it done today in between answering emails and waiting for the flooring people because it's a hurry up and wait situation. Yep. And wait for it to get done. Yeah, so hopefully it'll be done soon. Anyway, that's it for the minute. I'll be back. All right. Yes, we're in the car. Because I'm on an anti-depressant, I have to be careful of what kind of cold medicine among other things that I take. And I got a little dizzy taking the Robotessin. So I just went and talked to the pharmacy. She said, really, you can take anything but you might notice some mild side effects like dizziness and stuff like that with some of them. I said, okay. She did say I could take like Tylenol cold and the Rite Aid has a generic one that's identical. The ingredients are identical. And so I got that. So hopefully that alleviates some of the wanting to cough, the mucus and the sore throat. Hopefully. It's just for daytime though. They were pretty low. I mean, everybody's really low in stock on stuff. So I'll have to just do without at night, but that's okay. Anyway, we're gonna do another COVID test later this afternoon, because yeah, we've already done one and it was negative. Don't expect it to be positive, but anyway, let's go home. The floor should be finished in Bob's office. I can't wait to show y'all his completed office when the desk is in and everything. It'll be a little bit, but as long as he doesn't have COVID, he's still going to California to see his mom and while he's gone, I'm going to paint the frame on his bulletin board black because he would like it to be black. So we'll do that while he's gone. And we both have an appointment with our doctor on Wednesday because of this cold thing keeps coming back. Whether we're better or not, we will have a telehealth appointment with him. Yeah, all right, I'll be back. I'm feeling a bit better, but I sound worse today. At least when I start coughing, I sound worse. Anyway, Bob, of course, is feeling better and he's on his way to California. We won't have a conversation about whether I think he should be going or not, but anyway. It is Saturday morning. It is just before 10 a.m. I'm sitting in the parking lot by Union Gospel Thrift. I need to get some, I need to start shopping for some bits and pieces for the upcoming baby shower for my grandson to be. She's going to have two baby showers, one's going to be at my house. And so I'm going to pop in here this morning really quick on my way back home and see if I can start acquiring some parts and pieces for party favors and stuff like that. And then we're going to go home and I really, really, really need more coffee and some breakfast, because that's a thing. I'll be back. It's 6.58 p.m. What did I do today? A whole lot of nothing. I sat here on the couch, I napped on the couch, I watched a couple of movies, I'm drinking some tea and just doing some self-care. I really need that. I am going to do a little bit of drawing in a minute. I'm going to find a movie or something to watch and do some drawing. But yeah, I just need to get better and I am sounding more sick, at least when I'm in the midst of a coughing attack and that sort of thing, but I think it's because instead of all the mucus dripping down the back, it's coming out the front. I know that's gross and probably can't lie, but anyway. So I hope that's a good sign. I still don't have a fever, so I don't know. Anyway, I'm just sitting here in the quiet, watching my tablet, because I don't turn on the big TV when Bob's not here. That's the thing. Anyway, it's been a good week. I hope you guys, despite being sick, it's been a good week. We are making progress on Bob's office. I am loving the new rearrangement of the art room. I can't tell you how happy I am with that. I started, I don't know if you can kind of see it over there in the background. I started shopping for the daughter's baby shower. We're doing a high tea theme. So anyway, it's gonna be a lot of fun. And it's gonna be at my house, and Jenny is helping me plan it. I'm gonna help her with thrifting some tea cups and stuff for the party, as party favors. So anyway, I'll show you guys what we do with all that stuff when the time comes. Anyway, that's it for now. I hope you guys have all had a good week. Don't forget to please like, share, and subscribe. If you'd like to support my art and the free content here on YouTube, I would love it if you joined Patreon. I do have one. I do have a few things still listed up on Etsy. I'm always posting and sharing artwork and paintings. They're always for sale. So if you've seen something on my socials that you thought, wow, that's really great, and you would like to buy it, DM me and ask me how much because, you know, if it's available, it's yours. Anyway, that's it. Leave questions, comments, or concerns down below. Check out the video description for Patreon and all the other links and stuff. And go out and have a good day, have a good week, do something nice for yourself because you deserve it. I'll see you next week. Bye, guys.


All right, excellent. Well, I'm excited to be here. So welcome to the 2016 Kidney Cancer Association Patient and Survivor Conference. This is our second annual conference, and we hope to continue on an annual basis sponsored by the Kidney Cancer Association and hosted of course by our group here, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, CW Medicine and Fred Hutch. I know I see a lot of familiar faces in the audience, but for those who don't know me, I'm Scott Tycote. I'm an associate professor here in medical oncology. I'm a clinician. I see kidney cancer patients and melanoma patients in our clinic over at SCCA. I'm our medical director for the Kidney Cancer Program, and I'll be introducing in a moment, Carrie Konoski, coming to us from the KCA, and she is the co-CEO. As we get started, just to make a comment, I don't know if people are familiar with our building, but if you need to take a restroom break outside into the hallway, take a left. When you see the entry desk, take a left. You'll find closest restrooms. We'll have a break mid-morning, a lunch break during the day as well. So good. I wanted to introduce our program today and just a few comments as we go along. And so the first slide here, just an overview of what's the burden of kidney cancer in the U.S. This is American Cancer Society data for 2016. And so men in the audience have a diagnosis of kidney cancer. How common is that?  An estimate of nearly 63,000 new diagnoses in 2016 with 14,000 deaths from kidney cancer. And showing the incidents for men and women ranking by the most common diseases, 5% of American men, 5% of all cancer diagnoses, kidney cancer, the 7th most common, 3% for women, the 10th most common diagnosis for the U.S. So our first topic this morning I think really addresses the question I'm often asked as I meet new patients which is why did this happen? Why me? Why did I get kidney cancer? And we often don't have an exact answer for that, but we do know there are some risk factors and associations. Kidney cancer is an age-associated cancer like so many carcinomas. Very rare in pediatric and adolescent populations. It increases with advancing age, median age of diagnosis 64. There's a male predominance for kidney cancer about two to one and that cuts across pretty much all ethnic groups. There is an association with some modifiable risk factors smoking, obesity, hypertension. So we can find one of those features in about half of all of our kidney cancer patients. There's associations with less common things, environmental exposures, industrial agents, organic solvents, heavy metals, asbestos. Some disease associations that are less common. Patients with long-term kidney dysfunction, cystic changes in their kidneys, dialysis dependent, seem to be at higher risk for kidney tumors. Chronic hepatitis, sickle cell anemia have some association with kidney cancer. In certain drugs, long-term high dose use of analgesics finacetiner aspirin and perhaps prior cytotoxic chemotherapy exposure. But the first talk really looks at patients that have a genetic risk for kidney cancer, a hereditary component for their disease. So we're very happy to have Dr. Fuki Hisama, a professor in our division of medical genetics and the medical director of our UW genetic medicine clinic talking today with the title of her talk, genetics of kidney cancer. So after Dr. Hisama, we're going to take a look at surgical management of kidney cancer. So a figure here just to remind you kidney cancer fundamentally is starting in the kidney. Kidney tumor cells look the most like renal epithelial cells, the lining cells of the tubules in the kidney, the business portion of the kidney. And like any cancer, there's a staging algorithm for kidney cancer stage one, two, three and four, which tells us something about the extent of growth and the prognosis, the risk of that tumor. You can see their size criteria for placing tumors into stage one or two. Stage three implies impingement on other structures within the kidney, blood vessels getting outside of the kidney membrane. And stage four implies the spread beyond the kidney, so the distance sites in the body. Stage one, two and three localized tumors only in the kidney, not elsewhere in the body, are almost always going to be referred for surgical management. And what about our stage four patients? You have the spread of cancer at diagnosis is their role for surgery. This is a figure that just shows you what's the distribution of new diagnosis, how do patients present with kidney cancer. So this is from a large group of patients, a 12-year interval coming from a database that is incorporating data from over 1600 US hospitals, over 400,000 patients. So really giving you, I think, a very nice statistical snapshot of how do patients present contemporarily with kidney cancer. So stage one tumors far and away, the most common diagnosis, half of patients. Stage two and three, again, the solid majority of patients have a localized tumor. Stage four, about 16% of patients at first diagnosis. And this is a figure coming from a group in Boston, Tony Schwiery's group, Mass General and Dana-Farber program. Trying to look at the issue is, is there a role, a therapeutic role for doing nephrectomy surgery in the setting of metastatic disease? And so this is a survival figure. And we'll have these again. So to get you up to speed on what we're looking at, at time zero, all the patients are alive. And as you move through time on the x-axis, some patients are dying of their disease. And so the line is telling you what proportion of your population is still alive. So you want your line to stay very high near the top of the graph, meaning patients are still alive and surviving their disease. Bad is moving down near the bottom. And at the very bottom would be zero patients still living. And so you'd like to be in a patient cohort. That is the line that's running higher in the graph, not lower. The red line, that's the better line are patients that had an nephrectomy surgery, despite a diagnosis of metastatic kidney cancer. The black line are patients that did not have nephrectomy. And these are all patients that are moving forward on state-of-the-art targeted therapy for their kidney cancer. So do you move directly to medical therapy and skip the surgery? Or do you still have the surgery? And then as you recover, move on to therapy. As best we can tell, we think there's a therapeutic role and a benefit to having surgery, even in the setting of stage four of metastatic disease. So the point being, virtually all of our patients, there's going to be a thought and discussion about getting in to see a surgeon. So front and center in our clinical management is surgical therapy. And we're very happy to have Dr. John Gore.  He's an associate professor in our Department of Urology.  After Dr. Gore, we'll take a short break and we'll come back and I'll talk to you for an interval about medical therapies for kidney cancer. And just as a brief introduction, I have a timeline that shows you all of, by time points, the medical therapies that we currently use for kidney cancer. And it goes back to 1986 with really the first drug that we still use to some extent in kidney cancer interferon alpha. Before that time, there were no effective therapies that have been proven to have benefit in kidney cancer. For a long interval, we used interferon and interleukin two drugs called cytokine therapy. So for 20 years, that was state of the art for kidney cancer. The world changed dramatically in 2005 with the first introduction of what are called targeted therapies, primarily oral agents that are now commonly used for all of our patients with kidney cancer. And the seraphon of drug was followed rapidly by several other drugs in the same general drug family. And the world has changed again just recently. And this is what we'll look at in some detail. November 2015, the first FDA approval of a brand new drug class, what's called an immune checkpoint blocking antibody, nevolumab or Avdevo. Some of you here are probably actually receiving that drug. Great interest in the field. And we'll see a little bit really is going to drive, I think, clinical development and be front and center in what's happening for kidney cancer for the foreseeable future. So I'll be talking with the title new and emergent systemic treatment options for metastatic kidney cancer. Then we'll move forward and take a look at radiation based therapy for kidney cancer. This little schematic that shows you the common destinations for spread of kidney cancer when it's stage four, when it's moved beyond the kidney, the most common organ of spread, the chest, so lungs or medistinal lymph nodes, other common destinations, liver and adrenal, bony lesions and 30 to 40% or more kidney cancer patients. Brain involvement is fortunately less common for kidney cancer than other diseases, but 10 or 15% of patients will have brain involvement. So depending on the destination of the metastatic lesion, for some sites, we absolutely need the assistance of our radiation oncology colleagues. Brain lesions will almost always be approached with radiation based therapy. Bony lesions often cause chronic pain and our common target for radiation therapy, sometimes large bulk lesions and pinging on lung function or abdominal organ function or excellent targets as well. So we're pleased to have Dr. Jing Zhang that's here with us today, an assistant professor in our department of radiation oncology that will be talking to us with the title updates and radiation therapy for kidney cancer. At the end of the morning session, we're going to have Linda Kasser, registered dietician in our SCCA clinic. A question I'm often asked in the clinic when I meet patients is, okay, I have this diagnosis and we're talking about these, these drugs and the therapy is going to be applied. But what can I do in my own life? My daily routine? Should I change my diet? Should I do something different? Should I start on supplements? What can I control that's going to influence the course of cancer and what happens to me? So Linda's going to try and take this on and talk to you a little bit with the talk titled inflammation cancer and diet. I would ask our morning speakers at the end of the morning session, depending on where we are time wise, if we could all spend a moment to come down front and we'd be happy to field questions before we break for lunch. We'll come back and reconvene for the afternoon session. And Dr. Kim Musinski, she's covering the hospital service so she'll be along later on today is going to address another question I'm commonly asked in the clinic that I'm probably not the best person to answer. Most of our patients have had an effectiveness surgery. They have one kidney. We're often looking at our lab panel and the marker of kidney function is somewhat abnormal, the cratine value. So what are the implications of that? What's going to happen over time? If kidney functions abnormal if you're functioning with only a solitary kidney. So Dr. Musinski is going to talk to us about assessing kidney function. How much do you really need? And then we'll wrap up the afternoon session with Art and Julie Chimura. They are the local coordinators for our Seattle Kidney Cancer Association support group and giving us a few comments on their perspectives as both a kidney cancer patient and caregiver.


Hi everyone, so we're going to start sharp because we don't have a lot of time and I'm Andres I work as a in the product side of open FGA, which is a product we're building as a cloud native in computing foundation Sandbox projects and I'm here with Marie and a software engineer also working in the open FGA projects Okay, so let's start. I guess you Everyone here understands the difference between authentication and authorization But just to be in the same page authentication is try to identify if we use the verify a user's identity Authorization we try to know if a user can perform a specific connection on a specific resource And as an industry we kind of solve authentication If you're building a new application today It's highly unlikely that you're going to start building authentication from scratch without use using a Library a framework a product a standard that helps you implement authentication However on the authorization side the story is a little more complicated Think the only product there that is widely adopted is open policy agent mainly for Infrastructure scenarios, but on the application side. They are not well adopted standards They are not widely adopted products. So we think there's a lot of work we can do there We believe like authorization now is where Authentication was like a 10 or 15 years ago and there's a lot of things we can do to help solving authorization and And there are two main things that we want to That are creating friction one is if we want to implement Find a great authorization policies and that implies like I'm building a collaboration product But I want to share the document with a specific set of users or I have certain Clinical in clinical trials certain people who can actually operate on certain studies, but not others So there might be a lot back accounts with several people can see a specific back account, right? A lot of scenarios where you need more fine-grained access control than what is easily implementable with current frameworks of building authorization And the other one is you want to have a centralized place Where you can have a single way to implement authorization across multiple apps where you can have all the centralized logs When you can have like a centralized policy that are easy to audit and understand how authorization is behaving in your product Instead of looking at the code base of all the products you've been built over time with hard-coded authorization so we try to solve that problem and We're doing it with this project that we called open FGA That is based on a concept called Relationship-based access control that you can see it as an evolution of role-based access control and attribute-based access control And it's inspired by a white paper that Google published a few years ago Where they explain how they solve this problem internally and They are using that technology that is called Google Zanzibar To implement authorization across all of their products like the Google Drive, YouTube, internal applications, Google Cloud You know Google has a chat product every five years so all of those right and the next one And then and they decided also how did they explain how to build it in a way that it can scale to Google scale And what we did is to we took some of those ideas and we packaged those with with DSLs to the final authorization models Tools and SDKs that it makes it simple for you to implement in your applications So I'm gonna stop talking and try to demo the product I'm using Maria's laptop and Maria's laptop has Scroll scrolling operates in a different way. So when I go up it goes down and things like that. So I was I'll try to cope with that. So and the way we handle authorization in OpenMCA is we need to define two things First is what we call an authorization model I'm gonna start with writing one what you have there in your in your right and then a Set of the data that we're gonna use to instantiate that model so what I'm gonna build is now an authorization model for a B2B SAS application for document management You think you can think about like a notion or Google logs, right? And in the model I'm gonna define the entities that you're gonna use when you want that Relevant for making authorization decisions in this case I'm gonna have a user and I wouldn't I would call organization each of my customers. So the tenants, right? I'm gonna say that organization has relations with and With members that are gonna be users Okay, so pretty simple organization with users and and users a separate entity and then what I need to do is I need to Instantiate the model with what we call relationship Tappels that are gonna have this shape like user and It's a member of the organization So and what this data with the model and the data we're gonna be able to start asking the system for authorization questions So what I'm gonna do now is I'm gonna start and Open a GA Let me find it here So it's running and and now I'm gonna go to another CLI window and I'm gonna use a CLI if I managed to operate this I'm gonna go to the first is I need to create a store and a store It's a container of a model and the top the data that is instantiated that model. So I'm gonna do that with a comment. It is FGA Store Create and I'm gonna send this model like model model of FGA when I do this I FGA creates a store and it gives you an ID and I'm gonna just put this ID in a Environment bevel Now so if I do FGA model get for example, I will get the model as just wrote Okay, now I need to start adding these tuples to the system and the way I can do that is I can say FGA tuple writes user and Some member of organization Okay, so I wrote that couple and now if I do FGA couple read I see that that apple stored in my system Now that I have the data in the model I can query the system if I want to know if a user can perform an action in a resource the way you do that in Relationship-based Actors-Control is is this user related to an object in a certain way So I can write something like FGA query check and say user and Relate to some member to organization And it's gonna say true of course because that's the data I just told FGA that it was true. So I'm gonna get through So these are the core components the model the data and the server that I'm operating here through a CLI To make this demo faster. What I'm gonna do is I'm instead of using The CLI to add tuples and run checks I'm gonna use one of these YAML files where I can't have the same thing I point into the model has the tuple has the checks and I can't do something like a FGA model test tests and notes FGA.yaml and it's gonna run all this test I have here which is this checks that I was doing So what I'm doing here is I'm creating a model and at the same time Testing that if the model is behaving in the way it was, okay These are the core concepts. Now. Now is let's get more fun with the really with the model here So I'm gonna define another another type here with the group It's gonna have relations It's also gonna have members and The members of a group can be users and we're gonna define that all the members of an organization Organization can also be members of a group And if I do this they can add a tuple that has this shape. I can say user organization ACME member So all the members of the ACME organization are actually members of the group Everyone and now if I create a new check here I can see if and it's actually related to group Everyone as a member So now in this at this moment I didn't explicitly add and as a member of the group, right? But even she's part of the everyone a group and all the members of the organization and members of the everyone group If I run the stats here, I'm gonna get a failure because I did something wrong and What thank you Thank you very much This means that you're paying attention and the font is size is big enough Okay, so now the tests are passing. Thank you very much Okay, so we have now organizations and groups So if you think about what we define here It's not very different from role-based access, right and actually I can define a role here. There's an admin these users I Kind of saying that the admins can be the members can be users or the admins man And I can define our admin of the of the organization here user Bob is an admin of the org. Okay, so I have now an Role-based access control that is multi tenant with groups in involved, right? but the interesting part with Relationship-based access control is in addition of you modeling your roles and groups you can start modeling your resources Yeah, you start adding definition of your application specific resources are gonna be very different from application to application Right in the model so for a document management app. I can have a folder and The folder Can have a parent folder Which would be a folder? It can have an owner which would be a user that's the one who created the owner We're gonna have an editor It could be an owner or an admin from sorry I know something to adhere the folder is gonna be owned by specific organization, right? So because it's a multi tenant app all the documents that are created belong to a tenant So I added this and now I can say that the editor is the owner or the admin from the organization Now this is more interesting, right? I'm starting to define relationship between my resources and my user groups in a way that I can start traversing hierarchies there Right and in this case is you see even the folder is hierarchical hierarchical structure a folder as a parent which is a folder right and Actually, I can say owner or maybe owner from Parent right so if you own the parent folder you own the folder But you can edit the folder and then we can say we have a definition which is another relation which is viewer Which is if you're an editor if you are an editor You can be a viewer now Now each time you create an instance an entity of folder in your system You will need to create a tuple in FGA saying there's a new a new folder now that is Related to this organization, right? So I'm gonna come here and I'm gonna do user Organization Acme It's relate Is the organization of Objects folder General okay, so I have a folder now if you remember I created Bob as an admin in the Acme org So if I check now if Bob It's related to the document general as a viewer Right, and I and right now this I also made a mistake Sorry save document instead of I'm getting a so and now this test pass right and how is this working? So we are saying look at all the steps that we need to take here in the graph, right? We ask for viewer you need to be aware you need to be an editor if we need to add editor and To be an editor you need to be The admin of the organization that owns the folder, right and and and and we assign Bob as an admin Right, so we need to traverse the graph and we tell you yes Bob is an editor of this document Let's make it a little more complex right so now we can define a document a Document has a parent which is a folder and the document here and Then and you can have an instead of saying admin from or we're gonna say just admin or editor from parents Okay, and when defining a viewer in a document I go I'm gonna also let define that use that Document to be viewed by a specific user, right? So if I want to share a document with a user or with all the members of a group I can do that Right and the last thing we're gonna do then is well. I'm going to instantiate this relationship So we're gonna say first that there's a document in the system so I need to define that a document exists and it's it's a And the parents is that folder folder general is related to Parents for a document read me Okay, and now we're gonna say that if you're a member Of the group everyone you are actually a viewer of object Document read me Okay, so members of the everyone group are our viewers of the written document if you remember Earlier we said that and was a member of the we asserted that and it was a member of the everyone group so now if I we check if and is a Can view document read me We check if she's a viewer and we run the tests I'm gonna make another mistake which is user field is more formed user and Document read me Thank you, and another mistake you'll be some allow this friction look everyone member Members of the Okay, and now it's passing right so if you think like in 10 minutes. I created an authorization model that lets you define Role-based access control that is multi tenant right permissions on a document application That inherit from folder and from the organization and that I can assign fine-grained permissions to every document every folder To a group or to a user Okay, and that and then that's the idea of the product right so you can have a model You have the tuples and you can query the system to make authorization decisions And I demoed this with the with the CLI and I wish it could be a call integration, but actually if you If you just to turn you want to Find the right contact here When you run open FGA that you get you can access a playground Here That makes it simpler for you to learn how to use a product right so you can create the model here Are the tuples at the assertions without installing the CLI or wishes to your code, right? So and you have this neat chart under on the right that shows you the relationships Okay, so I'm gonna now kill Open FGA and And and up to now we saw how you can create a model and how you can instantiate the tuples, but you want to use this in your application, right? So now Maria is gonna help us understand how you can integrate this into your own application Thank you. Andress Hi, everyone. So yes as Andre said I'm going to tell you how you can integrate your application with open FGA And also I'm going to do a demo of how you can enable telemetry in an open FGA server Okay, so let's imagine that you have an application that has documents and you also have users, right? So those users can create those documents view them delete them update them So this this is the code that could be for the get documents and points of that application And it has authentication and media where that Authenticates the user and if it succeeds then we go to the database and we give them the documents Now we know that the user was authenticated, but they were not authorized So this is where FGA comes in we create an FGA client. We pass it the link to the open FGA server and Then we come back to the get documents and points and the first thing that we do is we call check on FGA and If check returns success then we go to the database and we give them the document Now that was how FGA checks for a permission or in FGA terms how it checks that a user has a relation with an object But FGA needs some data to arrive to a decision, right? So we need to write all the data when whenever someone creates a document what we need to do is we need to write Tuples so in this case I'm writing two tuples I'm saying this user is the owner of these documents and I'm also saying these documents is owned by this organization So just as before that we had the authentication middleware We can also create our own authorization middleware and the only thing it does is it it calls check on FGA So now we can again come back to the get documents and points We call the authentication middleware we call the authorization middleware and if they both succeed We go to the database and we give them the documents. We can do the same thing if they're trying to update a document Or if they're trying to delete it Now what is the difference in between these lights? What changes the relation, right? So this is the the cool part about FGA Your application doesn't need to care how someone got access to something Maybe they you know someone shared the document with them or they had a specific role or I don't know They were a member of a group that had access Your application doesn't need to care about that The authorization check is completely decoupled from the logic all the logic lives within FGA So now I'm going to do another quick demo the cool thing about open FGA is that it integrates with other cloud native projects like Open telemetry jr. Prometheus and Grafana All these projects what they do is they allow Observability so you will be able to troubleshoot problems and maybe even increase the performance of your model Some of the metrics that open with J emits are metrics about sequel So for example, how many database connections there are open some process metrics like CPU memory usage, you know the standards and Also some FGA specific metrics such as the latency of a check call or how many database reads were involved in one check Okay, so let's jump into the demo Okay, so the first thing That I'm gonna do is I'm going to start the open FGA server with metrics and tracing enabled So now I'm going to create a store which is which what we hold all the data So the model and the tuples Now I'm going to write the model which is the one that address share earlier Okay, so now I'm going to write the tuples Just a few tuples written and now I'm going to simulate some load on the open FGA server I'm going to issue some checks For example here. I'm checking that user and has the member relation with organization Ahmed Okay, so that finished Now I can open the Prometheus UI and I can query for metrics. For example, I'm gonna query for Connections in use. Okay, so we see the connections in use Now I'm gonna open Grafana and I have a pre-made dashboard with some metrics so you can see The request per second the latency of each check you can see Process metrics go routines garbage collections and because I enabled tracing in the open FGA server You can come to the jager UI you can filter by operation check And then find traces. Let's inspect this check So this is a high-level view of where the time was spent in a in a check call if you expand this This section you can see for example this particular check involved two reads to the database. Okay. Thank you very much Yeah if you want to find us you can look for us in the project pavilion and Please start the open FGA repo. Thank you


Hi again. In this lesson, we're going to talk about that how to work with Python in interactive mode in Command Prompt. Okay, let's make a simple file, a simple function. Let's call it, for example, get the city. And let's provide as an argument city name. And what we want to do is to print that city name. Okay, now let's save our file as, for example, cityname.py. This file is stored inside Python 3632 folder. Let's save it. And now let's go to the command prompt. Let's find our file inside directory Python 3632. Okay, let's find it. Okay, here we have it cityname.py. Now we want to work with this file in interactive mode. So we're going to use command py minus i minus i. With minus i, we're telling to Python that we want to work in interactive mode with our city name file. Okay. Now we have here a function getCity. And if we want to call it, we need to provide its name. So inside our function as an argument, we're going to provide a name. Let's call our function in interactive mode and let's provide city name, for example, Chicago. Okay. And let's press enter and we're going to get printed result Chicago. So with calling command py and minus i and putting the name of your file, you're going to work with that file in interactive mode, which means that you can change and add some new things to your code and work with your code inside this file further. That's all in this lesson. Thanks for watching. Bye-bye.


Now do you guys want to play Destiny 2 early? Well here's your chance. If you want to win one of my weekly beta code giveaways for Destiny 2 simply drop a like on this video and leave a comment. Winners will be picked and announced on a Sunday. So the more you comment and like my videos the more of a chance you've got of winning one of these beta codes. Good luck. What is going on guys?  Now if you guys do enjoy the video leaving a like is much much appreciated if you could reach 4000 likes that'd be absolutely insane and remember guys leave a comment down below to be in with a chance of winning my weekly Destiny 2 beta code giveaway. Okay so getting straight into it and in at number five we have a clip sent in by Brandon Clark.