Perfect. So all we're going to do is click on, yeah, click on ads manager and then let's go back to the dashboard. So if you can click on it there or you can go to your folder, you do have a folder right at the top. Ads manager folder. I do. Okay, cool. Yeah, this is where we want to be perfect. Okay, so as you come back here, you just always want to make sure you're in the right account. So the way you know that is the drop down. So you'll see the drop down on the top left. There should be a drop. Yeah, there's your drop down. Okay, cool. So that's the account you're in. So by default, actually the drop down on the top where it says your name that by default. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. As you come in here, you'll you'll probably be thrown into that account, but we need to be in the other one. So hit the drop down and go to your real estate one. Which, yeah, perfect. That one. So always make sure always double check. Because again, Facebook will throw you in these other random accounts. Okay, so so now we're good. So right here. This is this is where we left off at so what we can do. Let's just start from the beginning. Let's just check the box to the left. I'm going to take you just from beginning to end. Yeah, and then just delete it. So hit the little trash can right there. Yeah, we'll just delete this one start from scratch. Oh, perfect. So all we're going to do is click on the green button create. And then we're going to go with video views now here's where here's where and as I'm taking you through it it's really just a three step process like you have the campaign, which is a campaign objective which objective are we going with. And then the second tab the second step would be the budget the targeting. That's the second step that the actual second tab. And then the third tab will be the actual ad. Are we going to run an image are we going to run a video. What are we going to put in it. So all that is on the third step the third tab. So as I kind of go through it with you all just kind of explain like each step because there's little things that are super important. This, this ad right here the intro video it's the only one that we go with under video views. There are a lot of people go wrong when they run ads is because it's a video they they automatically assume that it's always going to be video views when when it's not like video views is exactly what it is video views. The only reason why you'll ever want to run a video view ad it's not for it's not it's not to capture leads that's for sure like you and I were in the lead capture business. So, so, if you're in the lead capture business and you're looking to capture lead or if you're looking to make a cell, but you're going with video views because it's a video. That's where everyone goes wrong is because they think that okay if we can get thousands of people to view it we may get some leads, or we may get someone to purchase. So where everyone goes wrong is because of video they always go with video views when that's not the right objective. The only reason why we're going to go with video views for this first one. And the only reason why anyone would go with video views is to capture the audience. So, so just like we kind of kept looking at that 20% off discount we kept watching that simple video. People put out video that will people who actually know what they're doing with advertising. That's kind of the only reason is you'll run a video view ad just to capture the audience. So, so then you can retarget them in the future with conversions, it's conversions that you'll be at on ad number two and on conversions. That's lead capture conversions. So, okay. Now, that's when you have a landing page like that's when you have your own landing page so if I'm seeing your ad, I click on it, I then go to your web page where you're then asking for name and email your caption or lead. You took me off of Facebook, I clicked your ad you took me off of Facebook to a different web page, and now I'm entering my name and email on your listing, or now I'm inquiring on a seller guide or whatever maybe that's conversions, because you have a web page. I don't have a web page, a landing page and often page whatever you want to call it. And you need one that would be lead generation that's when you use Facebook's lead form. So Facebook provides a landing page type of web page type of form that's under lead generation so a lot of real estate agents and brokers that don't have web pages. They use lead generation. That's a lot of a lot of agents do so use lead generation. I don't personally use lead generation is because then once I capture that lead using the lead generation objective here, that lead is then imported automatically into my Facebook business page. And then I have to export that lead into a CRM or some type of email auto responder. And so if I'm going to have to pay for an email auto responder, I might as well pay for the landing page with it like I might because there's some software out there that are all in one. So if I'm going to pay because that's what you're going to have to pay for if you go lead generation and you rely on Facebook's lead form, because you don't have a web page of your own that you're taking them to which would be for conversion ads. So if you're just going lead generation and using Facebook's form you still have to get some type of email auto responder. And so most of them, most of them charge there are some free ones out there to a certain extent and then you have to eventually start paying for them. But just like any CRM any email auto responder normally you're paying for it. So you'll still need you'll still need a third party software is what I'm saying. So you might as well just go conversions and get get elite get some type of software that has everything in one it's landing pages it's email automation and an online calendar. Okay, so so those three tools landing pages, email auto responder and an online calendar. Those are the three tools that you can get in, in certain softwares most of them are separate softwares, but but that's why an agent for example would go at lead generation. You can get landing pages, but at the same time you need an email auto responder and you need some online calendar. You know, if, if you're in the business of capturing leads and getting appointments, which which in your case you are you're in the business of appointments. So as you capture the lead you can go lead generation and use Facebook's form to capture the lead. But after you capture the lead that lead needs to be nurtured via some type of email auto responder. At the same time again because you're in the business of appointments, you need people on the phone you're looking for that next buyer you're looking for that next seller you're looking for appointments, you need some type of online calendar. So, again, that's what that's what agents normally have to pay for separately if they go lead lead generation they still have to get an email automation software and they still need some type of online calendar. So I'm really trying to automate everything. And that's what this is all about what I really wanted, what I'm really trying to teach you out of all this is to automate everything. So, long story short, I would be going with conversions for your next ad and on its conversions. And that's when you'll have to look into different software for a landing page. That's, that's our next ad and on right now we're just on video views and again the only reason why we're going to do this one time and one time only is to simply capture the audience of those who watched our intro video. So what I'm going to walk you through here is is how you set up a video view ad, and then how we create a custom audience of all those who actually watch it. And the only reason why we're going with video views is so we can capture the audience and then retarget them with our future ads, which are future ads will be conversions. Okay, okay. So, so as we set up this ad there's going to be a potential reach of X amount of people. We just need X amount of people to watch this video, and that becomes our audience that becomes our warm audience that we can then run future ads to. And by that time they would have seen you before because they watched the intro. You know what I mean so. So we're going to go video views and then scroll down hit the drop down right above the blue button. Yeah, hit that drop down and scroll down. This where we can simply label label everything and all it is the simple title so as you behind this little window here you have campaigns right there to the left you have that green button. You don't have to click on anything but to the left you can see behind this little square you have that green button behind. That's the dashboard. So, so those are three tabs right behind this little pop up here. These are the titles of those three tabs. Okay, the campaign, the ad set, the ad, these are the titles of those tabs that are behind this pop up. Okay, those are the only three steps. So the campaign, what we're going to name it we could just name everything here. And it's just a name so when we look at everything at the dashboard level we can know exactly what ad that is. So in this case, simple intro video intro video is the title and then in parentheses we're going to put video views. So we know the objective, the campaign objective, the objective is just choosing which one did you go which one video views watch scroll back up. The name name it here in parentheses is a simple objective that I'm going with video views. But if that was conversions, I would have put video number two, and then I would have put conversions in parentheses. Okay, right. Just so when I look at everything from a 30,000 square foot view on the dashboard I can look at that title and know exactly what that what ad that is versus having to click on it and go into it. Gotcha. Okay, so I'm just, I'm just labeling it something I can look at from a distance and no okay I know exactly what ad that is. And in this case when you just look at that title intro video video views. And so the ad set what I do in the ad set, that's the second tab, and that's where we choose our budget we choose our targeting. So in that case, in this case with the title on the ad set I just simply titled it the town or the city that you're targeting. DFW then then that goes there if it's a different area, then then we'll name it there. Now, once we go into that step will actually choose that location but here we're just simply titled in it. Okay, so if I put DFW and then I target like flower mound and 20 miles out or whatever I would put flower amount I wouldn't even put DFW this this right here I'll try to be as specific as possible. So if it's flower amount 20 miles, then then I'm going to I'm going to label that there. And then the ad is the same as the first title intro video video views I would just probably put the same thing intro video video views. That's fine. Perfect so so that just allows us to name everything. And we'll try to just be as short and descriptive as possible. Perfect so they continue. And now we go into the first step which is, which is a campaign, the video views so that's where we're at so if you look here in the top left, those are our three steps intro video flower mound intro video those are the three steps we're about to go through right now so this is step one intro video video views, the campaign step. So all we're going to do here is hit that dropdown special ad category. And you'll go with housing you'll always always always do this always hit the dropdown always go housing, or the ad will get rejected, if you don't write housing so scroll down. Okay, and then we don't need anything else down here so campaign budget optimization you can leave that off, and we'll just hit next. So that's that's step one that's the first tab is simply choosing housing and simply choosing video views and titling everything right that in there that's it that's step one. Now over here step to this is where we go with our budget and this is where we go with our targeting. So, when it comes to the budget you got daily and then if you hit the dropdown you got lifetime. It's the same dollar amount. It's just spent either daily or spent over time so if I went with lifetime, I would go with the start date and end date I would actually maybe set up a calendar. For example, if my budget was was, if my budget was $10 a day for for 10 days, then I can just go $10 daily budget right and then and then set up the calendar. But if my budget is still the same hundred bucks $10 10 days $100. I could just go lifetime, and then I'll put 100 just like you did and then I'll still set the calendar. Just allowing Facebook to spend the dollar, however they want daily. Because if you cap them at $10 a day, but they could have spent 13 bucks that day because so much traffic was online and they could have probably got more people in that given 24 hour period to view it. Then you would probably wanted to go lifetime, you know so so lifetime budget is what is what you should go with lifetime, and then just choose that calendar date. Okay, but then here's another here's another quick little side note as well. The way you kind of look at that budget. This is one ad. So the way you want to kind of look at and this is really the beginning.  This is the beginning. So what I want to look at it is is like, as if you were running a new, a new ad every week. So if it was a new ad every seven days if our plan was to roll out a new ad every seven days, which would be a new video every week right every seven days, there's a new video. That's that that's how I want you to kind of picture this. Okay, so if our can if our strategy was to run a new video to flower mound every seven days. What's the overall budget for the month. So, so, so if our budget, let's say for example you go seven days you're going 10 days in this but if it was seven days 100 a week. So therefore, therefore 400 a month is where we're at. So if that's the budget, that's how you want to break down this, you want to break down this is week one. Okay, so if our budget is is 400 then it's then it's 100 a week. So that's how you kind of want to want to look at this. But 10 days is fine from the 16 to this 26 that's fine, leaving it at whatever. But, but, but if it's 100 then then maybe, maybe do 100 every 10 days. Yeah, maybe look at it that way all I'm trying to do is really help you with with this budget and how to look at it look at it for the overall month, whatever you plan on spending monthly, break it down into quarters, because this is week one. This is this is this is the first quarter. You know, so. Okay, so, so on an intro video, you could definitely go 10 days because again what we're really trying to do with this is get get a few thousand people to view it so if it took 10 days versus seven days. Then let's do that you know 16 to the 26 let's get a few more thousand people to watch this, because again this is this is the springboard this is the beginning, we need this audience to show them our future ads. Okay, so um, so yeah leave it leave it 100 that's fine 26 let it run for 10 days and scroll down. And so now all we're going to do is we're going to simply. And what I do on the time, what I do on the time is I started at 12am. So, so let that yeah let's let's go 12am. Start date, start time, and then 12am and time. And when. That's, that's more for like at and if we're targeting everyone you're targeting local that's right so go 6am I'm so sorry 6am and go the 16th. So it's going to be March 16. And I think you already had that that but it changed. Yeah, go March 16, 6am when you're running local ads. It's 6am. Both times yeah I'm sorry. So 6am 6am we're good. Okay perfect so now we scroll down and see so here right here custom audience. What we're going to do with this first intro video again is we're going to create a custom audience. We want to we want to retarget those who watched a good amount of it if it's a minute long. Okay well then we're going to create an audience of those who watch at least 25 seconds, at least 25 seconds. That's our custom audience. So this was add number two, for example, and we're now on conversions no more video views we're now going to conversions. This is our next ad, we're now going to be giving away a seller guide, and now we're retargeting our custom audience. So we would we would click in that box right there now it's not going to be there right now we'll create it after this. But but if this was our future ad, we would click right there, we would click on custom audience. We would choose my custom audience of my intro video, and I'm going to name it so we're going to be able to name it whatever we want. So if you click on custom audience you would see intro video viewers, 25%. The name of our audience, these are people who watched our intro video for at least 25%, which would be you know 25% of the length of that video so if it was a two minute video those who watch 25% of it. That would be the good audience to create which we'll create after this. But what I'm saying is that if this was our future ad, we're now conversions you'll see that audience right there. So every every video, whether it's video views or conversions, every single video you're going to create a custom audience which I'll show you how to do after this.  And that's not that's not the audience we want because majority of people who like your page right now that would see a video that you randomly post, they're going to be from all over the place. So I don't need that custom audience we only need the custom audience of those who we ran an add on of those videos that we ran an add on, because those 7000 people that watched that specific video actually live in Flower Mound. So I want a custom audience around that video right because we ran an add on it, but but not not any other video, but we'll see it right here. And then what we'll do scroll down click out of this. The reason why the web pages are so important, going with conversions versus click out of click out of that one, get rid of the drop down there. Trying to get rid of it. See if you can click like right there. Or if you just click. Yeah, there we go. Perfect. Okay, so here, here's why when you run convert it stay right here like right here right here. Perfect. What the reason why. Okay, again, most agents will go with lead generation, most businesses that don't have any type of landing page. They'll go with lead generation that objective right. That's using Facebook's form. The reason why using going conversions and having your own landing page software is super important is because as I go to your landing page like let me let me share my screen because this is super important and this is the section we're on. So I'm just really trying to try to teach you as we go through. Here's, let me show you an example. Let me go to. Okay, let's say for example. For example, we're running an ad on a listing. Okay, so I see your ad. I'm in the news feed. Let's just say I'm in the news feed. I'm just scrolling through randomly, you know, seeing what my friends are up to and seeing what everyone's posting. And then all of a sudden I come across a sponsored ad. Let's just this for example right here. Okay, so here's here. Here's here's your web page or your business page sponsored running an ad. And let's say you're running an ad on a listing. Okay, so I click on learn more. I come to your one webpage. I come to the to the landing page that I've been talking about this whole entire time landing page this is someone running a conversion ad. So as you set up the ad objective you went with conversions. So now I click on the ad, I come to this one webpage, get instant access to the price and photos of this property homes in this market move extremely fast, and then just a few bullet points view all 17 photos now. That person would come here, and they enter their name and email, send me the details. This next page over here is the most important. This is your thank you page. So, so right here, this people who landed on this specific link it could have been the same for an open house I was running an ad on an open house. They go to my web page they enter their name and email, they come to a thank you page. It could have been this, it could have been the same for those that let's say I'm running an ad and giving away my seller guide. I'm now looking for listings I'm looking for people that are looking to sell. So now I'm doing weekly Facebook ads targeting DFW and giving people education on what it takes to sell. All the action is to click learn more. It'll take you straight to my web page where you can download my free seller guide. So now I'm coming on to the market and I'm offering my free seller guide that person they come here. They enter their name and email, send me your 10 tips. They come over here to the second page, which is my thank you page. This link right here is the most important. So what we would do in this case, anyone who lands here on a thank you page. That's a lead. And this is a very specific lead. This is a seller guide lead. So what I would do inside of Facebook is I would take this link, and I would create a custom audience, and I would name that audience seller guide leads. So now go back to your, your, your screen share your screen. So let's say that happened on ad number two. So as we get to add number two, this intro video is video views, video views and it's ad number one. As we go to our second ad, and now we go conversions and now we're giving away a seller guide. That's when we start capturing leads. People start going to your webpage, they click, they download your free seller guide. These are people that are raising their hands and saying, Hey, I have an interest in selling. I'll take that. They land on the thank you page. Now we have that custom audience. Now that custom audience starts to build the more leads we start to get. Here's where this part takes that. Here's where this all makes sense. From ad number three and on that happened on ad number two. I ran conversions. Now I'm capturing leads because now I'm giving away a seller guide or listing whatever listing same thing would be conversions. If I have an open house coming up this weekend and I'm running an ad, it's conversions. I'm taking people to that landing page. They're opting in for more information regarding our open house. They land on the thank you page. I'm talking about that. Thank you page. That's a lead. That's an open house lead. So in Facebook, we would create that anyone who lands on that page. We would make it very specific. That is a lead. So now as I go run future ads, I exclude. So I would then now click on exclude. And I would exclude anyone on that list. So if I'm running seller guide ads and I'm trying to get people to download my seller guide. And now these are people who are also landing on the thank you page. So I would start and I would need to start and I would want to start excluding that audience from ad number three and on because they already downloaded my seller guide. They don't need to keep seeing ads. Right. So just back to that 20% add that you and I kept seeing once you click on it and you down and you enter your name and email to download the 20% off coupon. That's when you stop seeing those ads because now they're excluding you because you're already in a specific audience. Okay, that's why custom audiences are so important. They're either people that I'm going to retarget that are watching my previous videos, or their audiences that I'm going to exclude because they already opted in on my ad. That's when you start showing relevant ads to the right people. Right. Like that, that include an exclude is so, so important, which we'll get into in the future. That's, that's where most shoot their themselves in the foot with with with not seen an ROI on Facebook ads. A lot of people will run an ad and expect that ad to convert right away where Facebook ads where what it's all about is retargeting your previous audiences. That's why this intro video so important we need to create an audience we need the audience we need to find those who actually resonate with you that actually find you somewhat interesting that actually sit there and watch it for the first time we need that audience. But at the same time you need that audience for every ad. And if whether that that audience is going to be someone who watches your third video fourth video fifth video video that's one audience people who are watching your videos. That audience are those who again land on the thank you page, you need to start excluding that audience from future ads, but that also it's people who land on your landing page, but don't opt in. So I could have saw your listing ad clicked on it went to the web web page, but didn't fill out the form for whatever reason, or you're running a seller guide and you're giving away a seller guide, a seller guide you're running ads on giving away your seller guide. If I click, I go to your web page to download it. I click the button I'm getting ready to enter my name and email, but for whatever reason, I don't. That's a specific audience. Those are people who landed on my web page, but didn't opt in. Now I have those people in an audience and I'm going to show them my next ad. Okay. So that's retargeting and that's what one that's what 99% of Facebook advertising is all about. And that's where you're going to win that's why I'm staying consistent with these ads are very, very important. Because you're creating audiences that's what you're doing you're creating audiences that you're leveraging and retargeting in the future by showing them another ad. And that's will be that that that's when and that's what creates the omnipresence is the fact that people that lived on the street keeps seeing you. They keep seeing you because you're retargeting them because they watched previous stuff. It's all about the retargeting. So that's the include and exclude I had to spend some time on that because that's where your money's at. That's where your Facebook advertising ROI is going to be at is by retargeting people who've seen you before, or excluding those who've already opted in. Okay. Okay. So, so now go to locations and just change out the United States and then obviously put in put in flower mound. We'll just, and then the age you cannot change the age anymore due to the housing category. Nor do you need to so ages fine genders fine. We'll just go with people living in. Yeah, we'll go people living in this location. And then you can kind of play around with the mileage or the radius from here. So flower mound. Yeah, and always go with the drop down actually take away the TX and go back always go with the drop down so there's the drop down right there perfect always go with the drop down. And then you can change the 15 miles if that's not enough, but is that fine. Yeah. Okay, perfect. So what that's all we need is is that much and then we can scroll down and then that's pretty much all we need we'll go with automatic placements we'll just leave that as is automatic and then that is it so that's the second tab. The second half the second step is just choosing the budget and choosing choosing the location of the targeting that's it so next. Now as we kind of the third and final step, that's all there is to this is now just using the existing post that's on the page so go ahead and hit next. So, so what what some people do is they'll come over here and they'll just click on create add and and now now we're on the third, the third step, and it's a video that we're going to run. So what some people do is they'll create add and they'll just simply add the video from their computer from their download folder or their desktop wherever that video, you know, is that at on their computer, and they'll simply upload it here. Now, now we're on the third tab, you just upload it here. That's what some people do. But the reason why I don't and that's one person one person uploads it here. The second person, which is how I how I had you do it and how you did it is you uploaded it to your business page first. That's the second way to do it. So there's two ways to run this part. This third step is either grab that video from my computer, or grab it from my business page. Okay, I had you, I had you, we're grabbing it from your business page and the reason for it is because if we're going to the way I look at it is if we're going to spend money on this ad, that ad that post might as well live on my page forever. And that's what ends up happening. So when we come in, well, actually the ad is are we going to shut off, you know, in 10 days or whatever you set the calendar, it shuts off automatically but the post it still stays on your page, which is a good thing. If you don't post on the business page first and you just come here and you create adding you grab it from your download folder and you just upload the video here. The moment that ad is off. So it's the post it's no longer in cyber world. So I just look at the way I look at it is if we're going to if you're going to pay for it, you might as well let it live on the page. You know I mean that's why that's why I always teach post on the page first, and then come back here and run it. So right here what says add setup, hit that dropdown, and we're not going to go with create ad. We're going to go with use existing post. And so all you're going to do is you're going to scroll down. You can click it there at the top or you can click it right here in the middle, select post. And all it's going to do is bring up the existing ones. Yeah, so right there just click on it hit continue. And so that's why I was saying in the beginning where it's super important to make sure that the text, the title, the thumbnail, all that is good because now that we're here, we can't change anything. Okay, right so so so you always want to make sure everything is good from the beginning. So we're good. So right here now all we're going to do is we can, we can actually send message that's fine that that button that call to action button is fine but in the future, we'll put our own link there and that'll be the link to your webpage. So, okay, well that's kind of where we're at next is it's trying to find the software for for for leads to generate leads but this is all we need for now so there's that and now if you scroll down, you'll see message template right here. This is not soup. It's not it's not a send message ad first of all it's just a video view ad so, although we added the send message button. No one's going to really hit it like at all at all it's only for in the future if I come across your page three months from now. And I'm scrolling through your timeline and I see this. Okay, I can click the button and hit and send you a message but the send messages those messages won't be coming from this specific ad, because it's not that type of ad it's a simple video view so the start conversation you don't need any of that right now so scroll down. And then that's it so the tracking all that is is good you don't need anything like that so click publish. And then once you publish it you'll be able to see what it looks like in the news feed so right here you may have to add. Hit the time zone. I don't know if you added a card on this but I did. Did you okay good good so then we should be fine so hit continue. Okay, so it might be it might it might take you back to which is simply publish it. And it should now read that payment method. Perfect. We are good. Okay, so now, now we're set now we're now we're in motion and that ad will be going live tomorrow. So now, now as we published no errors, everything is all good on the payment method. So to just look at it as far as what what that would look like in the news feed you can hit that drop down on the top right where it says view more variations to the right of that, that little drop down. Right below the blue dot right there. Yes, right to the right that drop down right there so if you click on that go down to Facebook desktop news feed view on Facebook Facebook desktop news feed. And then so now this is what people are going to start seeing that live down the street from you so as a scroll through the news feed. Let's just see what everyone's up to see what people are posting and then all of a sudden we come across a sponsored.  So, now it just comes down to this is the intro video so the next ad the next video you want to start working on is is the seller guide, if that's the route you're going seller guide or buyer guide but Okay, that kind of just opens up a whole new can of worms on. Okay, so do we have a seller guide yet or, or, or not. Okay. Like, do you have do you have I have. I have I'm trying to work on them. I have a ton of it did I send you all my examples. No, okay, I would love examples. Oh yeah I have a ton of them like I have a ton of examples. And all it would come down to is just obviously you know, looking at a few of them and seeing which one you know has, you know, the type of content that you'd want to get out and then just have someone. I have like, have you ever used fiber. Now, okay fiber is just a random website where there's people all over the world that are freelancers designers or logo designers or PDF ghost writers. And I've been using them forever like they're very popular website but it's somewhere where you can easily hire somebody will it will eventually have to hire somebody maybe 15 bucks 20 bucks if that to simply take a PDF and re brand it to you. So for example these PDFs that I'm going to send you are from other clients, their headshot their contact information right that stuff is already on the damn PDF. And if you wanted to redo it or re edit it or just rebrand it. What I'm saying is that we can have, we can easily have someone do that for 20 bucks. Okay, but they can just rebrand the thing to you. You know, like, just take a look at them take a look at what I have what I'll email you and just look at them and just picture your headshot on there and your contact information. That's what we'll need to do is just simply rebranded. Okay, but that could that could be easily done. But that's kind of our next step why don't I do that. I'm going to email you those seller guides first and just review them, and then and then we'll go and then we'll go from there. Okay, do you have me on this one Thursday or no. What's that. I find that for Thursday. Do you have me down for Thursday. We won't need to go that early because this let this one run a little bit and then we need what we really need to do is actually I mean today's Monday so Thursday could work today Thursday could work because I'm going to And then just review these different seller guides and let's talk about that on Thursday. Let's talk about them on Thursday. Let's talk about which route we're going to go with the seller guide on on Thursday. Okay, let's do that and then in the meantime we'll have probably a couple thousand views on this one. So now let's go back to the as manager real quick. Let me have you close out over there. So actually you know what what we had to do real quick also is create a custom audience which will take two minutes. So now we've got everything in motion so you'll see it over here on the dashboard you'll see. Now it's in review so now uncheck the one selected to the right that X unchecked X out no to the very very right. No, no, no down you have one selected. Yeah, that. Yeah, excellent of that. So this is in review so now click on the middle tab. This one. No, the tab. Yeah, right there. So now this one should already be scheduled that's already approved that's ready to go. And then click on the campaign tab to the left. That should also read scheduled. Okay perfect. Just the ad the video that's in review right now. And again Facebook will approve that later on and you'll get an email from Facebook specifically later on tonight it'll say something like your ad is scheduled or running. Once you get that email the ad is fully approved and it'll go live tomorrow. So one thing we want to do real quick and you'll want to do this every time you run a new video ad. Again, this is the only one video views our second ad would say something like seller you'll title it right here. It'll be titled something like seller guide video one and then in parentheses conversions. Right. So, so this is the only one where we're going video views. And then on the on the next ad and on conversions, you'll always want to get in the habit right away of going and creating a custom audience. So the moment I'm going to go and run that ad or set it up to go live tomorrow, for example, right away. I'm going to go set up a custom audience, and I'll do that on every single ad. Okay, every, especially every video video. I really do that for every video for every video ad because the custom audience that I'll show you how to do later on around the webpage, or around those who opt in and land on your thank you page and know now those are leads and now those need to be categorized under leads in in the ads manager here in a custom audience will do those later like the links the landing page will do all that later as far as custom audience, but with your videos your videos I'm going to show you how to do videos you'll want to do that for every single video for sure. So here's how you do it you click on the dots to the left and in your folder if you have your folder still available in there it should be under custom audiences we would have saved that under custom audiences, but here just click click on audiences. Okay, yeah click on audiences, and this will bring us to where we should have bookmarked in the beginning, which would have been, I think this page where we're headed now. This is perfect so this is where we want to be create a custom audience. And so now real quick, actually okay so we haven't had one we haven't created one yet. Perfect okay so now we're going to go video, but but again in the future in the future, it's all about custom audiences all about retargeting that's what I mentioned before it's all about retargeting these custom audiences and really the two main main ones is website and video. So in this case we're going to create a custom audience around those who watch this specific video, but as we as we progress and go through more of our of our future calls, we're going to focus on on a web on a website. So at the top website will be creating a lot of custom audiences around website as well. And then over here we're going to simply hit the drop down choose a content type. And this is where we go with a certain time length or percentage. So this is kind of where you put yourself in the consumer shoes. Just you being a normal consumer just like anyone just like, you know all of us we're all normal consumers if I see see a video in the newsfeed. I'm going to touch it for three seconds. Was that enough time to really know what the hell they're promoting probably not like probably not even 10 maybe maybe 10 seconds if I sat there and watch 10 seconds of something. Maybe that would have been obviously a little bit more information that I could have got out of it 15 seconds. I could probably get some good information out of just 15 seconds of watching something. But again if you have a minute long video, and I just watched 15 seconds of it. That's kind of not the audience that I really really want. I normally go with 25%. Okay, if you watch 25% of my whatever length video. That's a good enough audience to get back in front of.  And now click on choose videos right there to the right, and we're going to we're going to create it around this intro video. So, the only video so we're going to hit confirm the thumbnail see now I don't think that's the same thumb now it's in the actual But that's why checking everything before we go and set up the ad is kind of what you want to get in the habit of this and all you're doing is is is rechecking your text making sure that there's no period or comma missing. And then and then making sure that the title, which is just a little bit a little bit about me, making sure that that's exactly what you wanted and then the thumbnail, because at this point we can no longer change it. So, and the video plays right away anyway so no one's sitting there watching your thumbnail, you know, I was like that's not the thumbnail that was on the other one. Okay good good so then yeah so that'll be random. So hit confirm. Over here, we're going to simply name it, and all we're going to do we're going to leave the 365 that's fine. We're going to name it's going to be intro intro viewers intro intro video or intro video viewers, or intro viewers, how are we going to name that but intro video viewers, and then in parentheses 25%. This is a specific audience and this audience is an audience. So go ahead and create audience. This is an audience. So if you remember when we were on step two, when we were on step two on the ad set we were choosing our budget we were choosing our location of target. Yeah, and then I went over the include and exclude of custom audiences. This is an audience that you'll always want to include. So if you run your next ad every ad ad number two and on always retarget these video viewers. Okay, you know, so, so those are that that's that's super super important right there. So, so as you as we go on, we'll just keep creating audiences around people who are watching future videos. So if we really figure out what landing page software we're going to use, then, whether it's conversions or whether it's a different one, whatever we have to just make sure we create custom audiences around those those pages. Okay. Okay, so, so this is in place, our custom audiences good our ad is good. Let that thing run, and then let's chat Thursday and what we'll go over on Thursday is is is that seller guide I'll email you those seller guides. And then if we need to hire somebody for a few bucks to rebrand it and redesign it then then we'll get that thing going. Okay, sounds good. That's our next step. That's our next step is is to start caption leads after this one. Awesome. Thank you. Okay, so welcome message me if you need anything and then we'll chat Thursday. Okay, thank you. Have a good one. Bye bye.


What is inflation? Inflation is a general increase in the level of prices of all goods and services in a country. A once-off increase in the prices of individual products or services, for instance, a petrol price hike, cannot be regarded as inflation. This is often referred to as a price impulse, and it merely implies that an item has become more expensive. However, when the prices of all goods and services increase, and these price increases start a process of continually increasing prices, a country suffers inflation. This is often referred to as an inflation spiral. South Africa has suffered high inflation since 1973. Although South Africa has experienced inflation for many years, not all countries suffer inflation. Some countries even experience declining prices. This is when items get cheaper rather than more expensive every month. This is called deflation the opposite of inflation. How is inflation measured? The price level in South Africa is measured by means of the Consumer Price Index, or CPI, and the rate of change in the CPI is the rate of inflation. Although inflation can be calculated for any given period, the durations most often used are for the monthly. For example, the CPI index value for February 2015 on January 2015 and annually, for example, the CPI index value for February 2015 on February 2014 changes. The CPI is measured at an aggregated average level. Its aim is to reflect the price level faced by the average household. Visualize, for example, a huge basket containing all of the hundreds of goods and services consumed every month by a typical household. But what do we mean by price level and average household? In South Africa, the price level and the rate of inflation are measured and calculated by statistics South Africa, a government department. An average household cannot be found in practice, but it is used for the measurement of inflation to calculate an inflation rate for the whole country. Statistics South Africa uses data from, amongst others, its various household surveys as well as the CPI report to estimate the average price increase in South Africa. One example is smoking, because some members of the public smoke spending on tobacco is included in the CPI and therefore in the measurement of the rate of inflation. This is tantamount to assuming that there are smokers in each household, which is naturally not true. Nevertheless, the measurement of the average spending pattern provides for the spending on tobacco. The Inflation Basket The composition and measurement of the CPI is not a simple matter as it is necessary to make provision for the amounts people spend on different items. To allow for the differences in personal spending, a system of spending weights is used. Spending weights simply reflect the percentage of its income that an average South African household spends on different items and as a whole it is often referred to as the inflation basket. Roughly 400 goods and services make up the CPI basket. They are grouped into 12 major categories. Typical heavy weighted categories include housing and utility costs, spending on food and non-alcoholic beverages, as well as transport costs. These spending percentages or spending weights are revised periodically to ensure that the CPI still reflects the spending pattern of an average household. These revisions also allow for the inclusion of new products and services that did not exist before, for instance cell phone expenditure at the time of its introduction. This approach also allows for the exclusion of products and services no longer generally used by households and consumers, for instance video cassette recorders. Other Types of Inflation Because CPI is calculated for an average household, it is a general indication of the average rate of price increases in the economy. This is also a major reason why the measure is used for monetary policy purposes. The South African Reserve Bank, the Central Bank, is responsible for monetary policy and aims to keep the rate of inflation between 3 and 6% per annum. Although this overall rate of inflation for the whole country is the most important inflation rate, it is not the only inflation rate that is calculated and published. Next, we look at a few other types of inflation. Producer Price Inflation The Producer Price Index, or PPI, measures changes in the prices of locally produced commodities and is used to calculate producer inflation. In general terms, it can be defined as the price of goods as they enter or leave the factory's gates. The PPI can be used as an economic indicator of inflation. It can also be used to adjust payment amounts stipulated in contracts that run over many years to take account of price increases. Core Inflation The objective of core inflation is the exclusion of price movements of volatile items, often subject to seasonal price movements or prices under the control of the authority. Core inflation excludes foods such as meat, fish, vegetables, fruit and nuts, interest in loans and changes in the rates of value added and property tax. Pension Is Inflation An example of another rate of inflation that is calculated is the pensioner's inflation rate. The spending pattern of pensioners differs from that of an average household mainly because pensioners typically spend more on medical care. It is also necessary to remember that pensioners continue to face inflation. It is therefore important to save and make sufficient provision for retirement that takes into consideration the influence of inflation. Other examples of inflation rates are the rates of the different provinces of South Africa and CPI excluding various cost items such as energy costs or administered prices. Conclusion Regardless of its various forms and official definitions, we all know what inflation feels like. The money we have in our wallets can purchase less goods and services than before as prices increase. These continuous widespread price increases simply confirm that inflation is present in an economy. It is clear that the inflation rate of individual households can differ from the official rate of inflation. It is therefore important for all consumers to have an idea of their personal inflation rates. This will help them to plan their own budgets. It is also very important to keep the eroding effects of inflation on savings in mind when making investment decisions.


The next item of business is a member's business debate on motion 5389, in the name of Gillian Martin, on not on my screen. This debate will be concluded without any questions being put, and could I ask those members who wish to speak in the debate to press the request-to-speak buttons? I call on Gillian Martin to open the debate around seven minutes, please, Ms Martin. Thank you, Presiding Officer. This book has been sitting on my table for about two months, and I knew I had to read it, but I kept on putting it off. I bought it the day after going to an event in this place, run by the international justice mission about cyber-sex trafficking. The locust effect details how violence and injustice perpetrates poverty, and it's a tough but an essential read. It's also a window into the incredible work of the international justice mission, as it's written by its founder, Gary Hogan. Hearing about children in developing countries has been subjected to abuse and rape on live internet streaming, paid for by the West's pedophiles, makes me so angry. Angry and powerless. I knew that this book contained reports of cyber-sex trafficking and many other types of violence against the world's poorest people. Those people get no justice from the courts, and they get no protection from the police. The first case that you'll read about details the horrific rape and murder of an eight-year-old Peruvian girl by a landlord who didn't even bother to hide the evidence because he knew his lawyer would bribe the police to destroy it. In the end, the police pinned the child's murder on another poor person, a boy with learning difficulties. They needed no evidence because their word was enough. The real murderer wasn't even troubled by the police. That is endemic in developing countries. I read the first chapter, and I couldn't read any further for weeks. The scale of injustice makes me feel impotent. The task of helping those people seems too great, but read on what I did, and I emerged with hope because the IGM is working hard to tackle this injustice. Today's members' debate cannot cover everything that international justice mission does to help to pose the world combat violence and injustice. We need to debate every evening for at least two weeks to do that. Today's debate is on just one of our campaigns that deals with one element of their fight against violent crime, and that is not on my screen, which highlights the issue of cybersex trafficking of children. I was able to walk away from that evening in the Parliament of hearing about these crimes and know that my kids are shielded from this horror. The poor children of the Philippines don't have that luxury. They are born into a life of violence and injustice. Children aged anywhere between one and 16 years old are subject to being abused live on the internet for paying customers. Paid-of-files in our country, in wider Europe, in the states and beyond, are perpetrating child abuse with a credit card. The Philippines authorities receive upwards of 6,000 reports of crimes like this a month, and that's just in one country. This is big business throughout Asia. As other developing countries get online, the problem is set to get far worse. Those at the event in Parliament heard how kids are taken from villages and kept prisoners and flats in urban areas and forced to do the most upsetting things imaginable by their captors. Other kids are used by their families and family friends to earn money from gangmasters in their own homes.  So even home is not a safe place for many children. One thing that I can't forget that was said by Andrew Bevin, the regional development executive of international justice mission in Scotland that evening, was this. He told us that kids will come in from playing in the streets at a time in their day when they know that Europe logs on of an evening. That is when the demand arises. I cannot get that out of my mind. Europe logs on and the abuse starts thousands of miles away. Here's where the power to end this lies. We stop the purchase and we stop the practice. This information is very hard to hear. Believe me, I am having a great deal of difficulty talking about it today, but there are people doing something about it and it's their work that I want to draw attention to. The international justice mission worked to rescue these children from their lives of abuse. In this country, they work with our law enforcement agencies to prosecute those who pay for that abuse, commissioning acts so distressing that decent people can barely imagine them. Whilst we in the UK have agencies like the internet watch foundation working terrifically hard to take down websites along with police forces across Scotland and Europe, they are taking down websites with stored images, live streams are harder to detect and those who arrange them and those who pay for them operate in ways that make their apprehension extremely challenging. Some members may make mention of some case studies on children who have been rescued by the international justice mission working with partners in the various countries. Their success in helping children to escape this slavery, for that's where it is. That gives me hope that they are making a difference. I also want to point out that it's not only children in developing countries. This abuse of children happens in Scotland too. Operation Latisse last year gathered evidence of more than 30 million in decent images of Scottish children over a six-week period. The police have said that this is only the tip of the iceberg. As I miss peace, this is something that we cannot ignore. No constituency in Scotland is free from this. Every constituency has someone paying for abuse to happen to a child, either thousands of miles across the world or right on our doorstep. Anyway, it doesn't matter where the abuse is happening. It's happening because there is a market right here in Scotland, right here in the UK, right here in Europe.  What more can we, as members, do? We cannot shy away from talking about this dreadful phenomenon. As hard as it is for us to talk about and listen to these terrible things, that's why I propose this debate. We must continue to speak out to ask questions of our internet providers, some who do not do enough to shut down those streams. What about the payment exchange organisations? What are they doing to help the police to identify those criminals? We need to be asking them those questions. We also need to empower and encourage our constituents to tell the police if they suspect anyone they know is accessing those images or live streams and to know enough to give them guidance on how they can do this anonymously. We must ask our Governments what they are doing to assist law enforcement agencies in tracking down those who perpetrate the trade and therefore perpetrate the abuse. Pick up the book.  Let's keep attention on the issue and support the work of the international justice mission and say very firmly, not on my screen. Species of around four minutes, please. Gordon Lindhurst will be followed by Kate Forbes. Deputy Presiding Officer, let me begin by thanking Gillian Martin in particular for bringing this debate to the chamber. She has expressed matters, if I may say so, very eloquently. Something is a very difficult topic, I think, for any of us to speak about, far less in any detail. I would also like to thank the international justice mission for the good work that it does worldwide, protecting vulnerable people and bringing criminals to justice. The not on my screen campaign has been set up to try and counter a growing problem that spans today's globalised technology-driven world. The expansion of access to the internet undoubtedly brings benefits to the younger people that, when I was young, certainly I would not even have been able to dream of. We should welcome the benefits that the internet brings and do what we can to make sure that children will benefit from this across the world. The internet also has this terrible dark side that Governments are very much still learning how to deal with. The internet spans borders, which means that any action taken to tackle the more unfortunate consequences of it requires true global co-operation across borders. In the UK, although we have no reason for complacency, we have a reasonably good track record of identifying illegal content, shutting it down and pursuing justice for those who have suffered at the hands of this terrible crime. The internet watch foundation has reduced the prevalence of child sexual abuse content hosted in the UK from 18 per cent in 1996 to less than 1 per cent since 2003. It has a number of operational partnerships across the world with police forces, Government agencies and also helping countries with lesser capability to remove unacceptable content. However, as long as there continues to be a demand, including unfortunately in this country, criminals will continue to be attracted to carrying out these horrific crimes. As the international justice mission briefing for today's debate says, it can often be seen unfortunately as a low-risk crime, easy to carry out with a potentially high financial reward. The Not on My Screen campaign contributes to an all-encompassing approach to tackling these crimes by tackling the demand for child abuse images in the first place. The Keeping Children's Safe online debate, which I referred to earlier, concluded that everyone has a role to play in keeping children safe online. The Not on My Screen campaign reaffirms that principle, encouraging individuals to think about how their online behaviour and that of those around them can have such devastating consequences for children and calling on individuals to take a stand against the crime. I hope that today's debate will help to spread this message so that we can seek to use the tools that are available, tools such as Stop It Now Scotland, which can provide help to those worried about their own online behaviour before it becomes even more of a problem, as well as giving their friends, their family or the family of children at risk of abuse a mechanism through which to express their concerns to authorities. That scheme should continue to be fully funded, as well as publicised widely as possible so that concerning behaviour can be stopped early. I would like to also briefly mention the important work that is being undertaken by the University of Edinburgh, which is being funded by the NSPCC to carry out research looking at deterrence to viewing indecent images of children. To conclude, I hope that we will all support the international justice mission campaign in the fight against child sexual abuse online. The internet is full of opportunities, but it must be kept safe for us all and especially for children. Across the world today, there are children, individual children with names and faces who are entirely in the hands of merciless abusers. It is markets and demand here in Scotland that is driving that trafficking across the world. Those who access material online through the internet bear the responsibility for what they do. Last week, we discussed the Scottish Government's strategy on trafficking and exploitation. Today, I thank Gillian Martin for bringing this debate to the Scottish Parliament, but today's debate almost pushes it into an even darker place, if that is possible. Today, pedophiles and abusers anywhere in the world can exploit children, most of whom are under the age of 10 years old.  International Justice Mission has individual cases on its website, individual stories, stories of children who have been deceived and trafficked, for example, in the Philippines and enslaved in apartments and flats and exploited to a Western audience. The traffickers are often local, often family members or friends who benefit enormously from allowing those who are in their charge, those who are family friends to be abused. The victims themselves, 54 per cent of the victims rescued by IGM, were between the ages of one and 12 years old. In fact, I spoke to the Internet Watch Foundation last week, who said that 2 per cent of the child abuse cases that they were aware of, 2 per cent of those that they assessed were under two years old. The problem, as Gillian Martin has sketched out, is violence. According to the UN, 4 billion people live outside the protection of the law. That means that they live outside the protection of public justice systems, outside the protection of police courts and a legal system. That means that the police, the courts and the law do not protect people from violence. There is a lot of talk about poverty, but violence is the hidden crisis that is undermining our best global efforts to help the poor. If each of us imagined what it would be like if we called the police at a time of need and no one responded and nobody turned up, there was no way to get justice and we knew that violent criminals would have no fear from retribution. That is captured very well in the book that Gillian Martin mentioned. However, there is hope, and international justice mission is an organisation that brings hope because it does not do what most of us do, which is to discuss the issues. It actually goes into situations, searching day and night for individuals who are in need of rescue. IGM supports teams of lawyers, investigators, social workers and community activists who work full-time to rescue victims and bring perpetrators to justice. The internet facilitates and lifts the hand of restriction on some of the worst successes of human evil. It is so important that we get behind IGM's current campaign, not on my screen, to educate individuals like ourselves on the levels of abuse that are being generated by the western market by Scotland, to encourage individuals to take a direct stand against the abuse and to question the public's behaviour around internet activities. Right now, there are children with faces and children with names that are at the mercy of a western market. I would also like to thank Gillian Martin for leading today's member's debate on not on my screens campaign, which brings to light the hard and daunting truth of cyber sex trafficking, an epidemic that has enslaved countless children in developing countries to predators in the west, including here in the UK. Be it on a computer screen or in a brothel, through a webcam or in person, sexual violence fuels human trafficking of all kinds. We must remain aware and supportive of causes like not on my screen that are fighting for children who, in most cases, have no one else to fight for them, not even the law. This lawlessness is the crux of the issue at hand. According to the UN, as Kate Forbes mentioned, four billion people live outside the protection of the law. The idea of living in a place where the justice system is so broken is often lost on us. International Justice Mission founder Gary Hogan focuses on this in his important book, mentioned by Gillian Martin, The Locust Effect, which I have read and I would strongly encourage others to do the same. He says, imagine what life would be like if you woke up every day with nothing shielding you from violence. Children are sexually abused. Westerners pay to see it on their computer screens because those who control the children live where there are laws that are not enforced. Sexual violence wreaks havoc on what Hogan calls a plague against the global poor because they live where court systems are not known for justice but instead for corruption. Some of the poorest men, women and children in the world are abused, exploited and enslaved in plain view of police forces that perpetuate rather than prevent violence and crime. As Hogan states in The Locust Effect, the most fundamental systems of law and order have been useless for so long in much of the developing world that violent criminals praying upon the poor don't even give it a second thought. Indeed, the book features many disturbing accounts of victims of violence and crime who seek justice but are faced with barrier after barrier. In one example in the book, victims of forced labour, violent beatings and rape in an Indian brick factory waited a very long six and a half years to get to their full trial. When it was finally heard with the victims providing corroborating testimony against the crimes, the judge who had heard the case was reassigned suddenly. Although he had time, he did not rule on the case. Instead, it was passed to a new judge who then acquitted the defendants without listening to any of the testimony or hearing any of the evidence. Those victims were robbed of legal justice, and those perpetrators walked free. Unfortunately, stories like that are all too common and, in fact, many crimes never even make it in front of a judge. Hogan says, and I quote, that violence against women and girls in the developing world is against the law in nearly all the countries where it occurs. Those laws, however, are simply not enforced. Most acts of violence against women are never investigated, and perpetrators commit their crimes safe in the knowledge that they will never face arrest or punishment. International leaders agree that sexual violence is an epidemic that is targeting the poor. Its threatening presence seems to be everywhere, says Hogan, all the time and showing absolutely no mercy. However, there must be mercy through justice. The scale of lawlessness in the world touches nearly half the global population, but organisations such as IJM, which has a global team to rescue and protect millions across the world, progress is being made. Projects such as Not On My Scream have been very successful in rescuing 1,300 people from trafficking and making a huge 75 per cent reduction of children available for sex across three Philippine cities. It is entirely possible, with investment and training, to turn those criminal justice systems around. That work brings mercy justice and, most importantly, hope. If we want to fight poverty and development work to have that real impact, we have to recognise the devastation that this locus of violence brings on society. If we work together, we can build capacity that is needed to create and run those functioning criminal justice systems to give people the protection and the hope that they so desperately need. I call Rhoda Grant to be followed by Rona Mackay. Can I also congratulate Gillian Martin for securing the debate and, indeed, bringing this really important topic to the chamber?  Sexual exploitation in any guise is simply wrong. We are all human, and we need to respect each other. Slavery was supposed to be outlawed 200 years ago yet, if anything, it is growing, with people and children being exploited. The international justice mission told us that this exploitation was now happening live over the internet rather than just by distributing images and film. Both involve the abuse of children, but some images are easier to find than live at a broadcast. With live online abuse, the authorities can tell that the connection was made, but if the exploitation was not recorded, it is difficult to prove it and prosecute users.  It reported websites to the authorities in many countries, including our own, in order that they can prosecute them and that they also have that content removed. They are able to trace the use of images, some images being used over and over and over again by tagging them, and they know who has viewed them and they can prove it. They also have those images removed from the internet using that same tagging system.  The ability to tag them, find them and remove them helps to end this continuing abuse, but it also ensures that those who view those images are also held accountable. They, like the international justice mission, are alarmed at the use of Skype, FaceTime and other such apps for the purpose of child sexual exploitation. It is horrific that abusers cannot try and solve their consciences by telling themselves that the abuse was carried out by somebody else and that they were simply tripping over those images as they surfed the net. Those acts of abuse are now being carried out at the direct instigation of the viewer. A facilitator, normally a family friend or indeed family member or someone known to the child, has groomed the child and coerced them, and they are also guilty of the abuse. They believe that they are safe and that there is no record of the abuse. However, it is possible to prove the connection if not the content of the call. They believe that they are safe from prosecution because the content cannot be screened. They forget that there will always be a record of the call. That child knows what happened on that call and, most likely, so do many other people. Some of them will be involved in the exploitation themselves, but it is also likely that other children will be present, also facing abuse, and they will be party to that event. Therefore, there is still the ability to gather evidence for a prosecution. It is only by zero tolerance that we tackle the abuse.  It was not a great shock to me that a disproportionately high number of periophilia websites were hosted in the Netherlands. They have legalised adult sexual exploitation. The exploitation of any human being is simply wrong. Where it is tolerated for adults, it becomes less of a stretch to tolerate it for children. Therefore, countries that allow exploitation of adults inadvertently become havens for those who would exploit children. We need to ensure that no sexual exploitation is ever tolerated. More than that, it needs to be tackled in all its forms to create a safe and equal society for all of us, most especially for our children. Rona Mackay, followed by Finlay Carson. I thank Gillian Martin for bringing this debate to the chamber. Since being elected, like all colleagues here, I have attended many events, all of which have been interesting and enlightening. However, the event that I attended earlier this year, hosted by MSP Jenny Marra, who I understand has done admirable work in the field of child sexual exploitation and cyber sex trafficking, had a lasting effect on me and I found it disturbing and powerful, as I know the rest of my colleagues did. I came away thinking two things. First, I was shocked that this could be happening to children throughout the world, including Scotland. Secondly, I was in awe of the amazing work that was done by the international justice mission and the specialist police officers in Police Scotland and the national crime agency, who are dedicated to eradicating this horrible scourge.  For that is truly the darker side of the internet and of human nature.  As Julian Martin said in her powerful speech, the majority of victims being abused and exploited are often the poorest and most vulnerable. The IGM also partners with justice systems throughout the developing world to bring criminals to justice, restore survivors and strengthen justice systems. The work that they do is essential in preventing violence against vulnerable individuals throughout the world who have no access to justice otherwise. In an effort to raise awareness, they have launched the not-on-my-screen campaign, but that is not just an international issue. Scottish children are becoming the subjects of online abuse and increasing numbers. Last year, more than 30 million indecent images of Scottish children were uncovered online over a six-week period. Think about that, 30 million, and it could just be the tip of the iceberg. 523 children were identified as potential victims of abuse, with some victims being as young as the age of three. Police crime statistics have shown that there is not one of our constituencies in this Parliament where online child sexual exploitation is not an issue, so it is here on our doorsteps. The not-on-my-screen campaign aims to educate individuals on the alarming levels of abuse and encourages everyone to take a stand against it. IGM is the largest anti-slavery organisation in the world. As internet access increases globally, victims can be exploited anywhere, even with just a mobile phone. In the Philippines, cybersex trafficking of children is exponentially growing, and Philippine authorities are receiving excessive 6,000 referrals every month, many of which have connections in the UK. The trafficking has been driven by online users in western countries, including Scotland. IGM programmes around the world are currently protecting more than 21 million people from violence and slavery, and 54 per cent are aged just one to 12 years old. It is important to remember that the perpetrators are often individuals who would not pick out on the street. They could be sitting next to you on a train. They do not have I am an abuse or tattooed on their foreheads. That is why we need public engagement to tackle this problem through awareness and reporting within communities. Some of the most effective information gathered by the police in online sexual exploitation cases comes through reporting by family or friends. Therefore, it is vital that the public can engage with the issue, and we all share responsibility in fighting it. IGM has recommended establishing a working group to consider what action to take regarding online CSC specifically. Resorting a data fusion centre addressing online CSC would also be a step forward. Lastly, add your voice to the campaign, tweet and use the hashtag not on my screen to help to bring awareness to the issue. We must protect those innocent children from this horrific exploitation. It is our duty and responsibility in the name of humanity. Finlay Carson, followed by Stuart Stevenson. I would like to begin by congratulating Gillian Martin on securing this important debate. I thought that it might be useful to fully set out what cyber sex trafficking actually is, but I am sure that the people in the chamber here know exactly that it is the live streaming exploitation of children viewed over the internet. Pedophiles and predators, anyone in the world, can now search online and wire a secure payment to an adult who sets up the show.  The more abusive the show, the more the customer pays. Unlike bars or brothels with a permanent address, cyber sex trafficking victims can be moved and abused in any location with an internet connection in a webcam or as we have heard just with a mobile phone.  Children should be able to grow up free from the horrors of sexual abuse, exploitation and trafficking, something that should go without saying, but sadly that is not the case. As we come more digitised society, when more of our day-to-day life is spent online, it is more important than ever that we have governments that have the right safeguards in place to protect our children and young people and those most vulnerable in society from online exploitation. Cyber sex trafficking and online abuse of children must be one of the most abhorrent crimes imaginable. The IJM campaign, not on my screen, is vital in highlighting those dreadful crimes and we must recognise as MSPs that this is going on. We must ensure that our police and intelligence services are doing everything possible to shut down those websites and we have the tools to do so and to bring the full weight of the law against those who are taking part in those disgusting crimes. Governments both in the UK and Scotland are taking action on this important issue. In February, the Home Secretary announced the delivery of a £40 million package of Government measures to protect children and young people from sexual abuse exploitation, trafficking and to crack down on offenders.  A £2.2 million for organisations working with children at risk of trafficking and the launch of independent child trafficking advocates. Deputy Presiding Officer, the internet is a wonderful resource but, sadly, as we have heard, it has its dark side. IJM highlights the crimes that are committed upon children and it is not easy reading but we must not shy away from it. Cybersex trafficking is a rapidly growing problem as internet access increases worldwide. It is not an easy crime to tackle. It is often seen as low-risk and easy to do. I am totally in support of the aims of the IJM to educate individuals in alarming levels of use being generated by the western market, including here in Scotland, and encouraging people to take a direct stand against that abuse. It is incumbent on us to work together as legislators to ensure that every step is taken to protect our young children online. There is often an outcry when we suggest, when Government suggests that there should be more access to people's internet logs, a cry of breach of their human rights. Perhaps by demanding our human rights, we are actually abusing the human rights of those children who get abused and we need to look very carefully at how those privacy and encryption methods are now used and how they can actually make it more difficult for the perpetrators to be caught. I, my colleagues, commit to ensuring that we do as much as we can so that the internet can be harnessed by everybody for the incredible tool that it is and not abused by the few and the second crimes as highlighted by not on my screen campaign. The last of the contributions and the open part of the debate is from Stuart Stevenson. I thank you, Presiding Officer, and congratulations to Gillian Martin for bringing this important topic to us today. Particularly, I thank those who have helped to brief me. Barista Annabelle Turner came to see me yesterday and briefed me on behalf of the international justice mission. It is worth having a wee think about what they are about. She, like many of the people who work for them, professionally qualified providing services to that organisation entirely pro bono without any financial benefit accruing to them. It is indicative of a caring society that people are prepared to do that. However, that is a subject that will quite properly motivate people to do their very best to deal with it. Cybersex trafficking is not an easy subject to discuss. The people involved are very nasty people indeed, but I, until comparatively recent times, in my constituency, had at Peterhead prison Scotland's Serious Sex Offenders prison. Sex offender sentenced to four years or more in prison, 300 or so of them in my constituency in the prison, essentially cut off from friends, family and people elsewhere. It is worth having a little think about those people who were in that prison.  Much cleverer, much more socially competent, much more convincing. They are able to use their social skills and knowledge and expertise to perpetrate their foul crimes.  I know of one particular sex offender who was in Peterhead prison, whose parents were so convinced of their son's innocence that, before the police arrived at a particular locus, the parents had been cleaning the blood off the walls and repainting rooms. Those were parents whom you would not have thought were the most upright members of society but were caught by the duplicity of a criminal involved in sexual abuse, not online, in the particular case that I am talking about. We have had some references, most recently by Finlay, about technical measures that we might take. It is worth saying that we could get ISPs. All our traffic goes through internet service providers to look at the traffic that is going through and detect what is happening. However, the honest and unfortunate truth is that that simply will not work, because if you encrypt what is going through, you do not know what is in the encrypted package. Yet encryption is an important part of protecting certain kinds of data on the internet, so we cannot ban it on the internet. It simply is not possible. I suspect that there were back to the Al Capone approach. Al Capone was a gangster in Chicago in a very corrupt city for some seven years, until, in 1931, it was concluded that the only way to get him was that he had not paid his tax bills on his old gotten gains. That is the one way that we might be able to make some progress, and that is to track the money and where it is going, because it is difficult to transmit money without there being a mechanism for doing so. I will just leave and there is not time to go into the issue of bitcoin and chains that go with that, but even there it should be possible. I too very much respect what is being done by the internet watch foundation, taking down sites as they do. However, what we have to do is get right back to the genesis of the sites and make it economically enviable for them to do it. I met Christof Clarsen, as I think others did last week from the IWF, and he was very interested in what he has to say. I have no magic solution, none of us here do, but having a debate like this at least allows us to the problem, that is a good start, and I commend Gillian for bringing it to our attention, allowing us to explore that important topic. I call Mark McDonald to respond to the debate around seven minutes, please minister. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. Can I begin, like others have, by congratulating my friend Gillian Martin on bringing this important debate to the chamber? Gillian struck a note of caution in her speech where she said that this was a very hard issue for her to discuss in the chamber. I don't think that that's something any of us should ever feel in any way apologetic for. The fact that we find this difficult, I think, is essentially a reaffirmation of our humanity, that this creates that sense of revulsion that makes it difficult for us to speak about these issues. But to speak about them we must, and therefore bringing this debate to the chamber, I think, is exceptionally important. The point has been made by a number of members this evening that speaking about the issue, the mere fact of talking about it, is not, in and of itself, enough either. We have to ensure that we are taking appropriate actions where we can and when we can, and I will try and touch on some of the areas where the Scottish Government is taking action within the powers and the remit that we have available to us. We stand supportive of the work of the international justice mission and of the Internet Watch Foundation, which has been mentioned this evening, and its work to try and eradicate child sexual exploitation and the abuse of children that is often perpetrated and perpetuated as a consequence of the digital world in which we now live. Many members touched on the challenges that are faced as a consequence of the internet, the balance that there is between the positive impact that the internet has had in terms of making it much easier for us to experience connectivity across the world. It was a point that Gordon Lindhurst touched on, but also the dark side that is often created as a consequence of that, and it makes it much easier for those with bad intention to be able to make those connections as well without ever having to actually come into physical contact with one another. That was another point that was raised during the course of the debate. I think that Rhoda Grant made an important point that, while, as has been spoken about, the individuals may feel that the crime that they are committing is one that does not have a victim because of the lack of physical proximity, it was made by almost all members that there are victims. Rhoda Grant made the important point that it also is not a crime that is without evidence, and Stuart Stevenson rightly touched on some of the challenges that can be faced in terms of being able to track some of that internet use and where exactly those connections are being made, but he also made the important point that, if one follows the money, often that can be the means by which to catch those who are perpetrating those offences. Here in Scotland, we take a very strong approach to having a position of trying to support individuals who find themselves being exploited. Gillian Martin made the very important point that, while much of what has been spoken about in the debate—I was spoken about by the international justice mission—has focused on those children in other parts of the world who find themselves being abused for the gratification of a Western audience. We must not forget the fact that there are examples and Operation Latice highlighted examples of children in our own midst who are also being abused over the internet, and that abuse must also be cracked down upon. That is why I was grateful to see Police Scotland's Operation Latice targeting those individuals who are responsible for sharing those images online and creating some of that material here in Scotland. We take the approach in relation to human trafficking and exploitation through our Human Trafficking and Exploitation Act, which introduces a single offence covering the trafficking of both adults and children for all forms of exploitation. In March of 2016, we published an update of the national action plan to prevent and tackle child sexual exploitation, which set a range of actions to meet agreed outcomes to tackle that form of sexual abuse. As has been highlighted on 30 May, the first human trafficking and exploitation strategy was published setting out how we can get better at identifying and supporting victims, identifying perpetrators and disrupting their activity and raising awareness across the board. That strategy makes clear that support and protection for child victims of trafficking in Scotland should be provided within the context of Scotland's child protection system, and we are getting it right for every child approach to improving outcomes for children and young people. The Government has also funded Stop It Now Scotland to develop and test a prevention toolkit that can be used to help people to prevent child sexual abuse before it occurs. We are also providing funding for SACRO for their challenging harmful online images and child exploitation or choice programme. It is a pilot programme suitable for those downloading illegal images of children from the internet, where there is a low risk of sexual harm and the offences are non-contact in nature. The service is aimed at males aged 18 and over, who may be considered suitable to be diverted from prosecution or who are subject to a structured deferred sentence community payback order or other community order or licence. We will engage with the University of Edinburgh and Stop It Now Scotland as they undertake research on deterrence to viewing online and decent images of children. I think that that is one of the important points that we need to focus on as well in this, Presiding Officer, is that, while absolutely we want to ensure that the individuals who perpetrate these offences are caught and are brought to justice, Ash Denham highlighted some of the challenges that we face in relation to that in the way in which justice can be delivered in other countries. It would not be for me to talk about how other countries should run their own justice systems, but I think that there is a concern out there that children who are subject to this exploitation and Kate Forbes highlighted some of the numbers that are identified as living outside the protection of the law. I think that we need to take a very strong line that those children should, in the first instance, be believed and, secondly, should have access to justice. In and of itself, Presiding Officer, I recognise that that is not going to be enough. We have to ensure that we also are doing everything that we can to restrict and reduce the demand that exists for those images. If we turn off the demand, we restrict the supply and we make it less likely that those children will be abused because the demand for those images will simply not be there. I recognise that, in Scotland, we will probably only be talking about a small number of the global total of individuals who are going to be downloading and accessing those images, but we have a part to play in relation to that. The Scottish Government stands ready, alongside our partners, to do all that we can to ensure that both the demand for those images and the supply of those images are tackled at source. That concludes the debate, and I close this meeting.