All right, TikTok, I'm coming, guys, I'm coming. I got everything else set up here. All right, YouTube is going live now. Come on, baby.  All right, hey, we're gonna talk about the real story behind burning fat. Like, where's the secrets? I was at the dentist the other day yesterday and the dentist was like, hey, you know, like, can you help me? Like, how do you do it? Like, she's like, I know what to eat. I know I need to exercise, but why am I not getting the results I need?  Why can't I not stay consistent? What's the real deal in here? And so, I'm a little, she's like digging in my mouth. I'm trying to talk to her at the same time and she's kind of like, I'm just gonna follow you. Can we just set up a call and we'll just talk about this. She's like, I really wanna get healthy, but like, where's the missing link? And so, we're gonna talk about a couple things today, but the first thing is, is there's a video out there called the right key. And this is what people don't realize.  There's a transport in the brain. I'm gonna get scientific for just a second, but this is important because if you're not getting and maintaining your long-term results, this is super important because if this does not work, you're not gonna get a result. You're going to fail. The lady chipped me today. She's like, I was on HCG and I lost 20 pounds. I got to gain it all back and I've gained more back.  Like, give me a, yeah, amen down below. Not amen. That's a bad thing. But let me know, like how many times have you done that? So there's a few factors in mind, but the first thing is, is if you're not a good fat burner, if you can't metabolize fat, right?  It's gonna be super hard. There's science out there right now that's showing that there's a, there's a transporter. It's called a glute forward transporter. And basically what it's saying is that you're not able to get energy into the cell the right way. Now, here's the crazy thing. And I'm a keto guy and people are like the keto diet and the scientifically the ketogenic diet or variation of a ketogenic diet is the number one way to burn fat and the safest way to do it. No questions.   So this is important. Why? Because if we're not activating and burning fat the right way, you're not gonna get long-term results.  And then you feel bad about it. And it's no longer your fault.  You had too much chocolate last night. You're not exercising enough. You must be cheating on your diet. Oh, your sleep sucked. How many of you guys have heard this or even thought this, right? But now I'm finding out that that's actually maybe not even true. You might not be activating and burning and metabolizing fat efficiently, therefore, and then providing enough energy into the cell. So your body's starving. So no wonder why you can't keep up a diet. So a really cool researcher named is Dr. Mohike Parodi. She studied this. Why? Because she was unable to get a result that she was looking for. She started studying her product and she finally figured out fat burner. So the number one way, if you wanna be a better fat burner, you gotta drink ketones. Why? Because the ketones themselves will help activate the Glute 4 transporter, make you a better fat burner so that you can actually start burning fat. So all the things that you're told to do, you're able to do in sustain. Now there's a few caveats here and I'm gonna talk about this. I'm telling this all to the dentist why I'm in my mouth trying to explain all this stuff. What's up, Aunt Peg? How are you? You're lying, bro. Show the proof. Oh, I got more proof than you know. Joey, I love it when people think I'm lying. Like, this is scientifically evident. Give me a private message. I'll send you the research. This is true.   So why do so many people fail? Most of the time is their body's metabolic system isn't set up to burn fat efficiently. Now once that happens, lifestyle can become a factor that you can sustain. So that was the other thing I told her. I go, listen. I go, we're gonna get young ketones. We'll get you great results. That's just, hey, if you're drinking currently, drinking ketones down right now, put the number one benefits that you have for drinking ketones. In the chat, put it down. This is, what's up, Robin? This is the fun one because you're gonna get all these really cool stories. So in the chat, tell me what your benefit of drinking ketones are so far. So here's the next thing. She goes, but I know what to eat and I know what to, how to exercise. I go, let me guess. I go, you did CrossFit. And she goes, yeah. And I go, how well that works? She goes, it didn't. I'm like, she's like, huh, why did that not work for you? Well, her body type does matter. Number two is she didn't need to go work out more. She needed to modify her body's own energy system based on her body's needs. So give you an example. Does anybody know that person? Hey, just for fun. In the chat, sleep, this is good.  What's up, Derek? Making muscle. Yes, Liam. He's a CrossFitter. Right there, fat loss, energy. I like this is so good. So, so the other thing about this is that you ever met the person that can eat whatever they want, they don't seem to gain any weight, right? Or anybody know anybody that likes to run long distances. Well, there's different types of body types. And with those body types, there is a different way that those people can eat to maintain ability. Doesn't make them always any healthier, but it does make them metabolize fat differently.  Myself, people have known me. I've always been relatively fit. I've been in shape. I've been strong. I'm actually not a great fat burner. I'm just a very active person that knew that when I was really young, right? If you look at the rest of my family, they're very prone to gaining weight very easily, right? I am the same way. If I don't exercise or don't eat low carb or I don't eat really clean, I can gain weight. I need 20 pounds like that. Simple. I've just been doing this for so long that I learned at a young age in my early 20s that I need to be different than the way society allowed it. That's very fortunate of me. I just learned to learn the behaviors early. My wife, on the other hand, she doesn't gain weight really that quickly. She can eat a lot more carbohydrates.  The difference is the dentist, she's like, but her body type was built differently. The thing is, is CrossFit is actually really good for her in the right way. The challenging is, is that if she eats a standard nutritional diet doing CrossFit, she will gain. She'll get very strong. Well, guess what?  And her gaining weight or gaining muscle isn't really her desired result. That's not what she's looking for. Now we can argue that, hey, that's better than the alternative, but it's still not giving her the goal she wants, right? So we need to modify her workouts with the right nutrition, shrink her down, but also keep her really strong. And I would choose a different form of exercise than CrossFit for her based off of her desired goals. So that's what we'll discuss. So if you want to become a better fat burner, the first thing is you have to activate glute floor transporter. If that's not activated, then you're not going to get long-term results.   If you don't know this, you haven't worked with enough people. If that makes any sense. If you don't know this, you haven't worked with enough people. You start working with masses, hundreds of thousands or millions of people around the world. You realize that there's other mechanisms going on. And unfortunately, if you don't fall, if you're a client of somebody and you don't fall into their cookie cutter approach or they're saying it's customized, but it's not, I'm just telling you, it's not. If you don't fall into their approaches, then you quit. And you only hear the testimonials of the ones that got results. I'm going to tell you right now, my sister for the first eight weeks didn't, nothing changed. Nothing changed, external. She didn't see any improvements. Her mood started improving. Her energy started changing, but nothing really in her body changed. It took her three years to lose nearly a hundred pounds. Three years, it didn't happen quickly. Now, seven years later, from when she started, she has completely lived a whole different life, right? It took time, but we had to undo a lot of the damage that was already done for many years before.  Number two, eating. I think, I was just talking to Janet, we did a lot a few minutes ago, and they said, what are the most important things? People, have you ever heard this before? The most important thing is diet and then exercise. 80% diet, 20% exercise, or 90% diet, 10% exercises.  That's also false. Not true. It's not true. Why?  You're probably not ignorant. You probably know what to do. But why is it not working? And why are you not able to do it? That's the real question. So we got to start going back to mindset. So I did a post the other day, it's really about what is your goal and what's your plan? Make sure your plan matches your goal, and then also know that whatever your plan starts with, it won't be what you'll finish with. It's going to evolve, it's going to change. It's not going to be perfect. If you came in to work with me, every single person gets a different plan and every plan changes within the first week to two weeks, every time. There isn't a perfect plan that's going to work for anybody. So when it comes to it, we got to work on our mindset. We got to get ourselves set straight. What's going to make my mentor said this to me, he goes, if the desire for the donuts greater than the desire for the six pack abs, the donut will always win. So if your desire to have six pack abs is really high, you're willing to make the decision to not eat the donuts. If your desire for the donut, the reward of the donut, this is all brain chemistry, right? It's about an emotion, it's about a mood. If the desire of the donut is so great, like I'm not a donut guy, right? My wife loves donuts. She actually had donuts earlier today. I'm in the donut shop, we're having a meeting and I'm not eating donuts because I just don't like them that much. My desire to my joints to feel better is just greater than the donut. I don't have that emotional attachment to donuts. Now, remember, I've been doing this a long time, but if your desire for the donut, if you're a person that's obsessing about the desire towards a food that's maybe not ideal for your health, part of it might be that you need ketones, fine, we can solve that. The other part of this is this, is that if you don't create a desire for the other thing, if it's to run a 5K, if it's to be look good in a bathing suit, here's how we know this is true. This live turned completely random, just so you all know. Here's how we know this is true. Does anybody know anybody that got ready for a wedding? Isn't it magical when somebody gets ready for a wedding that they can almost always lose all that weight? They literally shrink. You ever notice that? Why? The desire to fit in a wedding dress is greater than the desire for any of the reward of the food that you're choosing. That's why. That's why they got the results.  Drives me crazy. Why? Because most of them gained 40, 60, 80, or 100 pounds after the wedding. And it's kind of not the, like they did it for the wedding, not to live their life, if that makes sense. Because the desire was so high, that's why there's so much marketing and sales towards wedding because the desire for it to be so, they're willing to do anything to have what they want. That same rules apply to everyday life. So I was talking with Janet earlier and her desire to get in shape, her desire to clean up and get alcohol out of her life, her desire to become a better mom, her desire to be this amazing grandma that she has to spend some time with. I don't know your grand, I think it's a granddaughter. I don't know her name though. I should know that, Janet. Let me know, please.  So if you really want long-term results, and this is what I'll talk to the dentist about, if you want long-term results, what is more important to you? Because she's like, maybe I should quit drinking or maybe I shouldn't do this and I'm not against people quitting alcohol and things like that. The thing is, is I go, but if you get a lot of joy of having a glass of wine on a Thursday night with your friends and your loved ones, I go, that's probably not causing all your problems and your health problems. It's probably not the problem. But if you're not rewarding, if you're not enjoying that, I go, if you enjoy doing that every single night, then that's gonna lead to the problem. So we gotta find something else that creates that similar joy in your life. For some people, it's working out. For some people, it's running. For some people, that's like when I work with my, if you look at the research right now, resistance training and fitness, like muscle strength training is by far, and scientifically a superior way of training. Longevity, health, I mean, we can go to days about this, right? I was a, especially in cardiac rehab in college, we proved it in college. They'd start changing our program and get away from cardio-based training versus strength training. It's just better for the body, better for the health, better for the length of the career. But here's the secret though. This is what I have a hard time with the research as, is that when you start pushing science, you have somebody that loves to run and it gives them a really good reward enjoyment. Well, now we're telling them that, you know what, listen, you should really be doing weight weight training not running. Well, now if they feel like they're not getting, they don't think it's helping them as much, well, now you have the negative benefit of it all. There's a guilt that goes along. That's not a good replacement. What we should do is teach them that how to, hey, you know what, listen, at least once or twice a week do your resistance training. We keep running because you'd love doing it. So you wanna find things that you'd love to do. That's like the number one rule. It's like, when people ask me, like, what should I do for exercise? I go, what do you love to do? What do you love to do? If you like to dance, then go get Richard Simmons videos out and start dancing.   And I had that happen. That's happened to quite a few of my clients. That's why I had him leave the gym. The gym owners hated me because I'm like, hey, they should quit the gym. Why? Cause they don't like it here. It's not fun for them. And when it's fun, you're willing to keep doing it and you're willing to reduce other hormones. You're willing to make more decisions. You're willing to eat better because you enjoy what you're doing.  This is what you need to do. Number one, boy, this live ones. I have not done a live in a while. I feel like I'm all over the place. But here we go. Number one, you're gonna drink your ketones once or twice a day. They're on sale. Take advantage of that. Whoever invited you to follow me or if you're following me to follow me, hit me a message or hit them a message and they'll see you taking care. Just get ketones. They're diet independent. You do not have to follow diet to use this product. You're just using this as an energy source as a momentum builder as a way to create a lifestyle that you can sustain. Always start now. Don't wait till New Year's. That's the biggest mistake people make. I'll do another live on that a different day. The worst time to, waiting is the worst time to start. Start now, make progress because you can be six weeks ahead of everybody else starting in New Year's. And I promise you 85% of people fail on New Year's resolutions when they wait till New Year's. If you start now, you have an 85% higher or a 300% higher chance of success by starting today. It's your story. It's crazy. It's amazing, amazing, amazing benefits. Number two, move your body as often as you can. But if you're not a fat burner, moving your body may not work. Number three is you have to plan for a diet. Most people will do well to become better fat burns if they cut down their carbohydrates and they reduce their calories, right? That's, it's just simple science. Simple science, tap into your fast stores, produce your own ketones, and you'll burn more fat. The key though is what's the long-term solution? What's the long-term plan that you can create? And that's gonna take months to figure out. It's not something that you can be given in a book. It's not something that's not a cookie cutter approach. Everybody that we work with around the world ultimately has to find their own plan. They just use us as guides to guide them there, knowing it's not gonna be perfect. My sister's journey wasn't perfect. The first eight weeks, she was pissed off frustrated the whole time because she wasn't getting the results she wanted, right? Five years later, she has the results that she wants. Now she's fine-tuning everything, but it's been a fine-tuning for three or four or five years, right? It wasn't just a, hey, here's your plan. You're gonna follow that prep. That's not the way it works. And not the way that it'll ever work for anybody is different phases of life, dick and circumstances, she heard her foot, changes her plan, right? Yeah, it's funny, Donovan has talked about discipline. My mentor said discipline's a myth. He doesn't actually believe in discipline. I'm still at my vote. My mindset around discipline, I haven't figured it out yet. I don't know what my opinion is on it yet. I'm still wrestling with it. But his opinion was discipline's a myth. Everything's a choice. It's not about disciplines, it's about a choice. You're choosing something versus something else. And I understand his philosophy is behind it. And there's a lot that goes into that, right? A lot of things in our past that make us help make us make us choices that we're making. And so discipline, it's interesting. I gotta wrestle with that more. I love what you said, Donovan, by the way. It's just something I have to think about because I think that, I think it's multifactored. I think sometimes we've already made choices subconsciously. If there's a couple of researchers out there that one believed we don't even have a choice. We've already made all of our choices for ourselves. He believes that we're so programmed as humans that we've already subconsciously made our choices and you really don't even have free will to make your own choice. I don't know if I believe that either, right? And so it's really interesting because people have said my whole life that I've been disciplined. And I don't know, for me, it didn't seem that way if that makes any sense. It just seemed like I made a choice and it was easy for me to stick to the choice. I didn't feel like I was fighting. And a lot of people that put the word discipline, I think we make it into something that has to be hard and or challenging that you still do anyway. And I've watched a lot of people that have created challenges in their lives so they could overcome them, but they didn't have any more fulfillment in what they were doing. So I don't know if it was actually, like you would usually look at as a positive thing. I don't know if it really is. So I wrestled with that concept and I'm saying this to you because I want to actually think through it more because I've been blessed that people think I have discipline. And I think I just found a lot of joy in the things I did and I kept doing things that I had joy in and they happened to be a peer to be good for you. Although a lot of my discipline to be a fitness person in athletics has led to multiple, multiple surgeries also, which now I'm reflecting back on. I'm like, was that a really good thing to have? It's given perspective in my current life, but after three major surgeries, maybe a fourth one coming, it's like, okay, was that discipline really, was that punishing, right? I don't know. This is just a fun enough, but I gotta go. I'm having some fun now. Y'all have an awesome, awesome Thanksgiving. Don, hit me a message. Either way, I want to talk more about discipline. I just, it's an interesting, I have a lot of interesting thoughts on discipline now. So, I think about it very differently. I look at it determined is one thing, but I know people that are just as determined to, but I even look at Mike Tyson. It's a Mike Tyson go to honestly, I love working out. So yeah, right, but you love working out. Is that really discipline? I make this argument around it. I know I'm off track. So, hey, if you want to buy Keith on the ground, say I'll get back to everybody of you. I don't want to talk about this, but I had a quote and I can't remember the guy's name. He's like a, let's call him like a monk-like figure. He's a yogi, surla, surla, something. Anyway, I was told to follow him because I'm spirituality is something that I wrestle with in my brain and understanding the world, all that stuff. It's just, that's part of my current journey I'm on. And he says, you know what's funny is we always talk about working hard. Like we praise people for working hard because one thing that we never really do is tell people we don't praise people for working with more joy. And I started thinking about it. My whole life, I've been praised because of how hard I work. And I do work hard. I, let's say that I put a lot of effort. I'm going to rephrase that. I put a lot of effort in the things I do. But I always said this, people go, Dustin, you're good at a lot of things. And I go, you know what?  I don't, you don't see me try to play the piano. You don't watch me play the piano.  You just never would see me play it. I'm going to show you the things I'm good at because I enjoy doing them. And I started thinking about the greatest athletes of all time. Like, look at a Mike Tyson. He had, did he work hard? He appeared that he worked harder than everybody else. But maybe it's just because he enjoyed punching people in the face more than everybody else. So it wasn't really that he worked harder. He just had more joy in it, which appeared harder than everybody else. You know, you think about people like Michael Jordan and Coby Bryan and all these high level athletes. Is it that they're really working harder? Because that's a perception, right? It's like, I don't know. True story, I was doing these teaching young kids how to be fit. And I realized something that I could always do a lot of push-ups. Push-ups have never been something that has been really hard for me, right? I can do a lot of pull-ups. But is it possible that down of in that you worked harder doing less pull-ups than I did? So you may have worked harder, but it appeared that I worked harder as I did more, but did I really work harder, right? Because it's maybe just naturally easier for me. And then because it's naturally easier for me, I had more joy in doing it, so I kept doing it, although the whole time you were working harder to do less, right? But yet we go swimming and I work harder to do what you do in swimming or less of what you do. But it's actually harder for me to swim. So is it really about hard work or is it really about just joy? So this quote, and I love the video, I actually posted it a while ago and I'm gonna do it again. But it was really powerful to me because it's really about, if you find more joy in what you love to do, I think you'll naturally work harder at it. And therefore you'll get a greater return in what you're currently doing. And I know that's kind of deep, but it gives people permission instead of like, because for a long time people would compare to me as somebody that appeared to be working hard. But if I look back at it, I go, did I really work hard? It didn't seem like it was hard work. I just love doing it. And I've been very blessed to do the things I love to do. And I've always focused on that, but maybe that's because I didn't, it's probably because I was rewarded and I was praised for doing things that were good for me versus how many times does somebody, if you'd like to do shots, I'm just using this as an example of alcohol, people don't praise you. Oh my God, you're the best at that. So you don't do more of it, which is probably a good thing. But what if you were really good at, my son is really good at memorizing pie. He's almost to 100 levels of pie, like 100 pie, like the number of infinity number. So we praise him. So what does he do? He keeps doing more of it. It's not like he's working harder at memorizing pie. It's that he's enjoying doing it more than probably the other kids because we're praising him at doing it. All that's pretty deep. How's that relative to health and wellness and fitness, the same thing, right? Praise yourself for all the good things you're doing. You'll keep doing more of the good things. What are the good things? The things that you'd like to do, the things that are responding well to your joy to the day-to-day life. If you say, hey, I really enjoy eating Snickers and it's not getting your results, then we got to find a joy in something else as much as the Snickers. All right, I'm out of here. Everybody, I think they're going to love it. Exactly, exactly.  I appreciate you putting that out in there because I think of Mike Tyson. I actually, he's one of my ones I think about. I was like, I think we've been told that we work hard. I think he just found so much joy in it. I think his joy of punching somebody was so great that he just put a lot of effort into it. So I think he has a lot of effort. I don't know if working hard because it's so subjective what is working hard. Like a heavyweight kid might do four push-ups and do more work than I did when I did 60 push-ups. But I got praised for 60 and he gets ridiculed for four. Although he may have worked harder, physically put more energy into it than I did, right? Just a perspective. I had to learn this when I was working with these different kids. So we did is we did a percentage of change and was really interesting as we looked at when we measured these kids' results. If a child that could do two push-ups and we got them to 10 and then we had a guy that did 22 push-ups and we got them to 30. True story, this happened, kids. And who had the greater measurement of change? Well, the kid that went from two to 10 had a way bigger improvement of change. But typically we went to praise him at the same level because he only did 10 push-ups and the other kid did 30. So we praised the 30. Some people go out and drop 35, 50 pounds without putting a lot of effort into it.  You lost 30 pounds in 30 days. Somebody else, my sister loses no weight in the first eight weeks. We don't praise her. But yet she changed, ultimately ended up losing 100 pounds. More than most people will ever lose that lost 30 in the first week because now their expectations are off and they think they're gonna keep losing it and then they start sabotaging themselves. So sometimes it's better to go slower as long as you're praising yourself for the progress you're making. So I don't know, pretty cool stuff. Peace, I'm out of here. All right, tic YouTube, we are known though.


In last lecture I have talked about one class of problem where you know just by looking at the pore-water pressures which develop in the soil sample, we have tried to speculate the nature of the soil or the type of the soil. So in continuation to this theme of discussion of the problem, let me take another class of problem, you will find relatively simple and representation of the test results from the triaxial testing and how to develop the morculum envelope. So in a triaxial test, the pore-water pressure was measured during undrained testing. Now this sample happens to be a compacted fill material. So the first question is that you should realize that why these type of tests are being done. So as I have been emphasizing since last few lectures triaxial testing is mostly done to catch what has went, what has gone wrong or to prove your point related to some forensic examination which you are doing. So I hope this statement itself is clear, the pore-water pressure was measured during undrained testing on a sample which is from compacted fill material. So suppose there is some compaction going on, you are trying to create a facility by compacting the soil mass, until now you have studied compaction of the soil. And what you could derive from this is you did in situ density measurements, is it not? And you follow different techniques, that is the balloon method, sand replacement method, core cutter method, nuclear density gauge method or whatever, alright. So these are the methods which are normally used to check whether the fill has been compacted at the right in situ density or not, those 4, 5, 6 methods. So we got gamma D only from here, gamma D in situ, alright. And then we obtain moisture content also from here. So truly speaking this what we are going to discuss today is an extended part of these statements of problem. Having done the compaction of the soil for creating any facility, it could be an embankment, it could be an earthen dam, it could be a foundation pad, it could be a reclamation which you are doing, that is a Navi Uma International Airport. So having done this part, now I want to link these properties with the shear strength. This is the statement of the problem, clear. Use these type of tests are done to investigate the type of material which has been used so that you can certify the bills of the contractor, that is where the catch is. So you allow him or her to continue the progress of the work, but then I would go and collect maybe several samples, 200, 300, 500 depending upon the precision which I want, these samples I will bring to the lab, I will test them and I know what type of construction work is going on. So this is the compacted film material from an earthen dam, something clicks to you. In the CE323 course, we have talked about where the compaction should be done. So if you remember, the best way to link this type of analysis would be if this is the compaction curve, alright. And somewhere here we have the OMC, this side is the dry of optimum and this is the wet of optimum. And the question was that which side of optimum I should be compacting a material to create an earthen dam, agreed or a strip or a pavement or a highway. And this is where I had introduced this concept if you remember that for a given gamma D you have 2 moisture contents and some of you had asked this question that what is the significance of having 2 moisture content for the same gamma D. Subsequent to this what we did is we talked about the deformation characteristics of the soil also for stresses if you remember. So we had shown here that how deformation of the soil is going to be a function of sigma prime on the dry of optimum and wet of optimum. So this thing shear strength theory is continuing with this story. So the art of consulting is in the field of geotechnical engineering, you have to start from the particle size distribution, go to the compaction curve, go to the compressibility of the system, take out the sample, test it in a tri-shell setup and interpret the results that makes a full story, fine. This is the forensic examination. So this class of problems normally deals with estimating or evaluating the worthiness of the material. So the results are as follows just to add to the complexity of the problem I hope you understand where the economics gets added to the whole system because when you are filling something you are chopping off the mountains, clear? You bring that soil, crush it, make it to a certain particle size compact it that every stage of the process requires huge amount of money, fine. So this becomes a game of money. Now so these are the results. You have sigma 3, 2 samples were tested and 450, sigma 1 is known, 400 and 1000. The pore-water pressures are given as 30 and 125. It indicates that the pore-water pressures are positive, otherwise pore-water pressures will be written as negative. This is a straightforward problem, I hope you can solve this, there is nothing much complicated about this. Only thing is once you have got these sigma 3 prime and sigma 1 prime you can obtain it easily. The pore-water pressure is known, so sigma 1 prime will be 370 and this will be 875, this will be 120 and 325, fine. So the beauty of the testing is we have got the shear stress parameter, shear strand parameters both in undrained conditions, what type of testing is this and the effective stress. So you will be getting phi Cu, C Cu and here you will be getting phi prime C prime. In the last lecture whatever story we were discussing about the pore-water pressure, pre-consolation pressure, if I add this information over here and if I correlate that information with the pore-water pressure, I hope you can characterize it, whether it is going to be NC material or OC material, what is the response of the system. So if you solve this problem, what you will be getting is buy some graph papers or otherwise do it on your excel sheet, this is interesting. So what you are realizing is that there is a reversal of the parameters, 20 has become 25 degree in effective stresses and cohesion has reduced to 24, why? That is the interpretation part. So remember when we are doing the undrained testing, what we could have got from here, we could have got a parameter, but that would become a different class of the problem which I am going to discuss subsequently. Conditions are important, the same material used under different circumstances for different types of stabilities, you have to have effective or undrained parameters, long term, short term, I have discussed this. So when you talk about the long term stability, it is all the drain tests. And when you are talking about the short term stability, these are undrained tests. Remember the words that you have to utilize the material either as a cohesive material or a fixed material. On its own, there is no material which would be like X or Y. You will find it slightly intriguing. The data obtained from a CU test, soft clay, what comes to your mind? No, before you enter into all that game of numerals, the first question is how soft it is? And second question is why triaxial is being done on this? And third thing is how it was done, the concept of back pressure which I will be talking about today. Because soft samples are, they cannot stand on their own, they are so soft that they may get distorted, soft sensitive clays. So specifically it is written that there is a soft clay, it is not sensitive it seems. Had it been sensitive, triaxial would have been tough to conduct on it. So I would have done a UU test by using a bench here, either in C2 or a laboratory. So in the casings, you bring the sample from the offshore environment by using a boat or a ship, bring it to the lab, mount it on your setup and do a Venshia test and this gives you, where you would answer UU test, Venshia is always UU, clear, unsolided undrained test. Now with this preface, you have to determine shear strength parameters. So you are asking this question and philosophical answer would be, so that means they are ruling out few things from the algorithm, correct, which they do not want to tell you. So all these things we will discuss subsequently. So shear strength parameters in terms of effective stress, a CU test if you are performing this on a soft clay, you are going to get C prime, pi prime, photo pressures are measured. Now from this point onwards, I am adding something extra to this. So this part is okay. Now the second part is a different specimen of this sample, a different specimen of this soil is tested in undrained conditions under a sigma 3 of 150 kilo Newton per meter square and it fails, the deviator stress is equal to 75 kilo Newton per meter square. Calculate the pore pressures in the specimen at failure. Interesting problem. I have understood the, there are 3 parts of the problem. The first one is the statement, defines the purpose of doing it on the material. Now what goes in your mind, the moment it says that the soft clay, I do not know what type of response this soft clay is going to exhibit. But in the last lecture we have to discuss if you remember, we talked about NCOC states and the pore pressure and whether these NCOC material will be exhibiting phi value or C value or OC material will be exhibiting C value or Y phi value, you remember. So those things will eliminate the doubts from your mind and you can achieve the exact situation. So this is our impression about this material. Now what I want you to understand is that whatever material we are working with, NCOC or OC, that you should be aware of knowing, at least that you should be aware of. So for a given sigma 3, if you see the value of pore pressure, the moment you keep on increasing the pore pressure, what happens? The pore pressure keeps on increasing, for what type of material is going to happen? That is to be understood. It is left to the technologists to use this material the way they wanted to. Now suppose, if I want to extrapolate something on both the sides and if I really try to see 455, 227, 110 and by the time I bring it to 100 kPa, who knows what was the pore pressure over here and from 100 if I take it to let us say 50, the chances are that either this is going to be 0 or it might be negative. So you have all the rights to see what has happened in the lower stress ranges and what is going to happen in the higher stress ranges. Some of you were confused. Now this at failure thing is, everything is at failure now, clear? So first of all you should understand that we have 3 more coulomb and 3 more circles for 3 specimens, is this part clear? And we are going to have a unique more coulomb envelope. Now go back to the statement problem, try to understand whether C is going to be 0 or 5 is going to be 0 or C prime is going to be 0, 5 prime is going to be 0. Soft clays, you are working in the range beyond pre-consolidation pressure. So I do not know whether you are guessing or not. So somewhere over here you will be getting sigma C prime, are you getting this point? So everything is being done in the NC range and for NC material what is going to be 0? So I hope you must have realized that you might be understanding problem totally in a different manner, though the problem could be totally different. Rest is mathematics and geometry, clear? So this part is very important, so this is a typical NC material, 2 ways to prove this, positive power pressures, correct? Soft clays, pre-consolidation pressure happens to be extremely small value, no issues. So I will say 5 prime is not equal to 0, C prime is equal to 0 and now I can solve this problem. So first part of the problem has been given to you to understand the material, second will follow very easily. So once you have established the failure envelope, what is the interpretation of this? You have sigma 1-sigma 3 is known, clear? Sigma 3 is 150, that means what is the value of shear stress associated to this? Sigma D is known because ds by 2 or this is nothing but sigma 1-sigma 3 by 2, okay? So we have decoded everything now, things have become simple. So based on this assumption, what this assumption helps me in fixing the Mohr-Coulomb envelope, read the statement of the problem, a different specimen of this soil is tested in undrained conditions where sigma 3 equal to this, where is sigma 350 following in our results nowhere, this part is missing over here, clear? So I am testing it somewhere very close to pre-consolidation pressure and it fails when ds is 75, so I got tau value as 37.5, clear? Now what I should do further, everything is known and what you are supposed to find out? Compute the pore of pressure at failure in the specimen. So if phi prime is known, state of stress is known or not, what is failure? The Mohr envelope is known, Mohr-Coulomb envelope is known. Now this is the point where the failure is taking place, can you construct the Mohr circle? So this becomes your radius and this is the Mohr circle, job done, finished, okay? Reverse problem, so what we did yesterday was a forward problem, clear? And today what we have done? We have reversed the whole situation, first we identified the material, pore is soft clay and see material, we know state of stress what exists at the failure and from there now we are computing the pore of pressures, compute it, that should be a unique number. So this comes out to be about 98.8, phi prime will be equal to, I repeat, pressure angles are never written in decimal places and second decimal places, they are always absolute numbers, fine?


Good morning everyone. Welcome to new week. Before we begin, let's just start with the word of prayer with any of you be willing to open in prayer please. Thank you Father for this beautiful day. Once again we have gathered and it's a merchant grace that you did one more day into our life. So with this fellowship, we are about to start our class. So before we start we ask your help to understand whatever we are going to learn or learn. So we'll just do a recap of what we covered last week. For e-learning students, I've posted the exam. I'll also send out an email notification. But I've posted the exam on the e-learning platform. How was the exam? Was it tough or okay? Easy, okay? What's that? Easy, okay? So yeah, I saw a few of the initial ones that have come in I think a few later. So I haven't yet seen all the marks yet. But yeah, on the chat online, it was good learning. Okay, thank you Daniel. Yes Lucy, I saw your comment. Let me just check on that. View your answer sheet. You mean after you submitted, you couldn't see? After submission we were not able to view our answer sheets ma'am. Okay, can you repeat that? Sorry, I think the volume. After submission we were not able to view our answer sheets ma'am. Okay, that may be something I need to change in the settings. I'll check on that. So none of you were able to view your answers.  Yeah, yeah. Because we thought we were 100% correct in that particular answer. You don't know what exactly went wrong in that. Okay, sorry. You can see, you could see the answers. I could see the answers too. Okay. Was there something you had to click on to see the answers? No actually, I mean once I submitted, I went back into it and it just gave me the score and it just showed me what I got wrong. It showed me the score, but I was not able to view the answer sheet. Sister, immediately under the view score only all the right answers and which were wrong were seen in red. So it was very much visible under view score only. Okay, in the case of Sister Selena, I was able to view it. But in this one, Ms. Simita, this one interpretation script, I was not able to view it. Okay. Maybe if you just go back and try, you can maybe contact another student if you have a contact or I can also check on it and see because I'm not sure what you, how you view it. Because I'll be able to have, I have a different view of the exam. But if you can maybe work with one of the other students and see. Okay, I'll just try it now, that's it. Okay, sure. Yeah. Okay, so let's just, we can look into that maybe during the break if you're not able to see it. Okay. Okay, thank you. Okay, so let's just continue. We'll do a quick recap of what we covered last week. And then we'll go into what we're going to do this today. So we looked at the two types of manuscript families. Anyone want to tell us what the difference is between the two family types? Okay. You, you need a mic or okay. Okay, so the Byzantine text type basically is it looks at what does the majority of all the manuscripts agree on and it says the same thing. So in the Byzantine text type, 90% of the manuscripts all have the same thing. Whereas the Alexandrian looks at the date of the manuscript. So it gives importance to the oldest or the earliest manuscript to say that the closer it is to the original writing, the more trustworthy it is. So the Alexandrian depends on date and the Byzantine depends on agreement between the different manuscripts. So if all the manuscripts are saying the same things, then that must be the right reading of the text. So there are the KJV, NKJV depend on the Byzantine and other translations like the ESV, NIV will take both the Byzantine and the Alexandrian into consideration. They'll primarily in the main text of the scripture they'll have what agrees with the Alexandrian but in the footnotes, they'll also have the they'll say later manuscript say this. So you'll usually have that included in the footnotes of the text. Okay, so then we looked at the translation philosophies starting. So this was one of the questions in the exam what were the two, the two kind of sides of the spectrum of translation, which is word for word and paraphrase. So word for word is on one end paraphrase is on the other end thought for thought is somewhere in between. And so all of the translations fall in one of these places based on the method they use word for word is a strict translation of the original language. And paraphrase is a very flexible language, especially translation, especially because it tries to make it in our everyday speech, it tries to translate into a form that we use in our everyday speech. So it uses a lot of interpretation of the original text and the message of the text in converting it into the language they're translating it into. We are looking specifically at English. Then we looked at examples of the different translation types of the interlinear would be the strictest word for word. And then NASB KJV are word for word. NIV is thought for thought NLT is somewhere between thought for thought and paraphrase and message would be in the paraphrase section. Any questions on all of this? Then we looked at Bible study methods and the purpose of Bible study to know the truth, know God through his truth and then to be people who reveal God as we allow scripture to transform us. So we begin to reveal who God is through our lives. Methods of Bible study. I won't go into all of this because it's a lot of detail, but just go into that final. We can either study a verse, just study focusing on a verse, so that would be in the devotional study. Or we could do a passage verse by verse study that would also be a devotional or passage study. Then we can do a passage study which would be taking either a part. Usually you'll have a heading in scripture like within a chapter there may be different sections. So you could either study one of those sections or you could study a whole chapter that would be a chapter summary or analysis. Then you can study it at a book level, so you can do a book background, a book survey, a book synthesis. And then the last would be studying the whole of scripture which would be a character, a biographical study or a thematic topical word study. If you still have questions, you can go back into your text which has more details on each of these study methods. This is where we stopped last week, the illumination of the spirit. We didn't actually begin this chapter, so we'll begin from here today. So while we are looking at all of these methods of interpretation, how do we study scripture? We want to emphasize that the starting point is the Holy Spirit. We follow all these different methods, we have all these tools available, all of that. But our dependence is on the Holy Spirit to bring a revelation of what is the spiritual truth in that passage or in that verse. If we don't do that, then we can do the word studies, we can understand the grammar, we can understand the culture, the history, the background. But we will miss out on what was the purpose of this passage. What is the spiritual truth that the Holy Spirit wanted to reveal through this passage? And because the Holy Spirit is the one who inspired scripture, we depend on the Holy Spirit to reveal to us the meaning of the same words that he inspired the writers to write. So let's just read these two passages if someone can read John 16, 13 to 15 and 1 John 2, 27. What is mine and declare it to you? Verse 15, all things that the Father has are mine, therefore I said that he will take of mine and declare it to you. And 1 John 2, 27. First John, please go ahead. The two passages. So the first one was John 16. Second is 1 John. Okay. 1 John 2, 27. But the anointing which you have received from him abides in you and you do not need that anyone teach you. But as the same anointing teaches you concerning all things and is true and is not a lie. And just as it has taught you, you will abide in him. Thank you.  Right. And then 1 John 2, 27 says that the Holy Spirit himself will teach us so we don't need anyone else to come from the outside to teach us, which means here especially they're talking about wrong teaching coming into the church. So to be careful about that wrong teaching, the Holy Spirit will reveal to you what is true and what is not. So you will be able to discern between wrong and right teaching. Because in the New Testament church, there was a lot of wrong teaching that was coming in as the church was being established. Right. We needed to depend on the Holy Spirit to be able to discern what to accept just as the church is still growing and learning what is true and what is not true. So based on these scriptures, we recognize the Holy Spirit's role in helping us understand what is true. Right. And helping us understand scripture itself. The second point, like we said, the Holy Spirit inspired what was written and the Holy Spirit will also help us to understand. So when we say expositor, we mean somebody who will explain something that is complicated, who will explain it to us or help us understand it. That's what an expositor is. So the Holy Spirit is that expositor. So why do we need the Holy Spirit? Can somebody without the Holy Spirit still study scripture and understand its truth? We look at these two verses, 2 Corinthians 4-4 and 1 Corinthians 2-6 to 16. 2 Corinthians chapter 4 verse 4, whose mind the God of this age has blinded, who do not believe? That's the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ. Who is the image of God should shine on them. Okay. So here we see who has Satan blinded? Yeah. And there are specific people whose eyes are blinded. Right. According to this verse, unbelievers. Yeah. So someone without the Holy Spirit cannot go to scripture and try to understand it in their own natural thinking. It requires the Holy Spirit to bring revelation to... So even in us being saved, it was the Holy Spirit who brought us to that point of salvation. Who enabled us to see the truth of the gospel and enabled us to grasp that and receive it for ourselves. So until that time, we were spiritually blind. We couldn't receive that truth for ourselves because to the human mind, have you ever tried to think about how do I share the gospel? Have you ever thought about that with an unbeliever? And when you've thought about it, has it seemed like an easy task? It seems easy. Like logical, you can explain it and someone will be able to logically understand it. I mean, there's a logical side to it, but if you're depending completely on logic, then you're not going to grasp like how does... So all of these questions that people bring up, how does the blood of one person pay for so many, the whole world sins for so many centuries, so many generations, all of those things are questions that people come up because of their natural thinking. And so it has to be something spiritually inspired, spiritually revealed for someone to actually be able to come to that point of faith. Now, that all depends on how open they are to receiving spiritual revelation. The Holy Spirit will work in those who are willing to receive that. Okay, and the second passage, 1 Corinthians 2, 6 to 16. 1 Corinthians 2, 6 to 16. However, we speak wisdom among those who are mature, yet not the wisdom of this age, nor of the rulers of this age who are coming to nothing. But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, the hidden wisdom which God ordained before the ages for our glory, which none of the rulers of this age knew, for had they known, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory. But as it is written, I has not seen nor ear heard nor have entered into the heart of man, the things which God has prepared for those who love him. But God has revealed them to us through his spirit. For the spirit searches all things, yes, the deep things of God. For what man knows the things of man except the spirit of the man which is in him. Even so, no one knows the things of God except the spirit of God. Now, we have received not the spirit of the world, but the spirit who is from God, that we might know the things that have been freely given to us by God. These things we also speak, not in words which man's wisdom teaches, but which the Holy Spirit teaches, comparing spiritual things with spiritual. But the natural man does not receive the things of the spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him, nor can he know them because they are spiritually discerned. But he who is spiritual judges all things, yet he himself is rightly judged by no one. For who has known the mind of the Lord that he may instruct him, but we have the mind of Christ. Okay, so this passage is very clear, very self-explanatory, right? That first, there is a part of maturity. As you grow more mature, you can receive more spiritual truth. But that is that first section. And then the second section, they're talking about the gospel itself, right? That can only be received by the spirit. Those things are spiritually discerned. We see Jesus also praying in the gospels and he says, thank you Father, you have revealed these things to the children, to those who are simple and unlearned, rather than those who are the religious leaders and the teachers and the scribes. Those were the people who, though they knew so much, still couldn't identify who Jesus was. So that is the perfect example of having knowledge without having the Spirit of God. And so right at the, as we are beginning looking at how do we interpret all of the challenges in interpretation, we want to say first our dependence on the Holy Spirit and then all these tools come in. Okay, so these tools only make sense if we are first depending on the Holy Spirit and seeking revelation from the Holy Spirit as we are studying God's Word. Let's go on. So okay, this is in verse 14 of the same chapter. It says, I'm just going to read from my version, but people who aren't spiritual can't receive these truths from God's Spirit. It all sounds foolish to them and they can't understand it, for only those who are spiritual can understand what the Spirit means. So the word here for receive is the Greek word dekomai, which means to welcome, to receive favorably, to embrace or to make one's own. That is to take something and receive it as your own. So people who do not have the Holy Spirit cannot receive the Gospel and make it their own. Okay, so this same word is used in the Gospels for how people responded to Jesus himself. Did they receive Jesus? Did they receive the message of the Gospel? Did they receive the disciples who were representing Jesus? Like Jesus says, when you go out into the towns, if people do not receive you, shake off the dust from your feet. So that's the same word that's being used. And then the other word is ginosko, which means to know by experience, to understand, to judge, to estimate, to determine whether something is excellent or whether something is, if there's a problem with it, if there's a defect in it. So those who have the Holy Spirit can have this kind of understanding, this discernment when they receive a message of Scripture or when they receive some teaching. They are able to discern or judge what is right, what is wrong, what is excellent, what is defected, what is in some way problematic. Okay, and that's the same word we have used of the Varian Christians as well. So Act 1711, I'll just read that. Now the Varian Jews were of more noble character than those in Thessalonica, for they received, that's the Decomai, the message with great eagerness and examined the Scriptures every day to see if what Paul said was true. So that means they received, they welcomed that word, they embraced that word, but they still examined the Scriptures. That's the example of the Varian Christians. And 1 Thessalonians 1.6, you became imitators of us and of the Lord for you welcomed the message in the midst of severe suffering and the joy given by the Holy Spirit. Again that same word, Decomai. So even in the midst of suffering, you embraced the truth that we were bringing to you, even though suffering was the result of it. So that's how we can understand that word and that is what the Holy Spirit enables us to do, to receive the word, to embrace it for ourselves. So the Holy Spirit enlightens us, brings inspiration from God's Word. We look at the difference between the word inspiration and illumination. So when we're saying the Holy Spirit inspired Scripture, we're talking about a one-time event. The Holy Spirit inspired certain people to write the words that we have in Scripture. We inspired the writers to put down these truths. But the Holy Spirit continues to illuminate us as we read the Scripture. So illumination is something that happens repeatedly and inspiration is something that has happened once. So we can't expect that they're going to continue to see more books added to the Bible because the Holy Spirit is going to inspire new writing. So as of now we say the Scripture is complete. We have God's revelation for all humanity until the end of time. But the Holy Spirit continues to enlighten us to reveal truth as we read the Bible. So as we read the Bible, that original inspiration that was given to the writers becomes clearer to us. So that truth that the Holy Spirit was revealing through the writers becomes clearer and clearer to us as we are reading the Scriptures. That difference is clear. So I've just put this quote from our notes. God has something today to make alive the inspiration of yesterday. So what was inspired by the Holy Spirit in the original writing becomes alive as we are reading it, brings new life into us. And we are able to fully understand the truth of what was originally revealed in the Scriptures, the truth that He wanted to reveal. Those online as well, please feel free to post questions or to unmute and add if you'll have any thoughts. Because I'm on the presentation so I can't see Google Classroom. I'll just check every now and then. Okay, so how do we receive the revelation the Holy Spirit is giving us? We'll just read these passages. Matthew 16, 13 to 23. Someone can read that for us please. When Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, he has his disciples saying, Who do men say that I, the son of man am? So they said, some say John the Baptist, some Elijah, and others, Jeremiah, or one of the prophets. He said to them, but who do you say that I am? Simon Peter answered and said, You are the Christ, the son of the living God. Jesus answered and said to him, Blessed are you, Simon, Bar Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven. And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of aid shall not prevail against it. And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven and whatever you lose on earth will be lost in heaven. Then he commanded his disciples that they should tell no one that he was Jesus the Christ. From that time, Jesus began to show to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes and be killed and be raised for third day. Then Peter took him aside and began to review him saying, Far be it from you, Lord, this shall not happen to you. But he turned and said to Peter, Get behind me, Satan, you are an offense to me, for you are not mindful of the things of God or the things of men. Thank you. So here we see within this one passage that Peter has a revelation about Jesus' identity, but he doesn't have a revelation of what Jesus must do as a result of who he is. So that is just to say that just because we have revelation in one area doesn't mean that we have received all revelation, that we understand all scriptural truth. So there's always going to be learning for us. We may have understood one part of scripture. We may have understood one aspect of scriptural truth, but there are other things that we still need to learn in. And even the things that we know there's always opportunity to grow more in our understanding of those things. John 8, 31 to 32, if someone can read that for us, please. John 8, 31 and 32.  Thank you. So here we see that word abide, which means continue to remain in the word. And then you will know. So revelation comes from continuing to go back to the word of God. We just don't read it once and think, okay, we've understood it. We don't have to go back to that passage of scripture again. But as we continue to study the same word, our understanding of it grows and our understanding of the truth in it grows. So continuing means remaining living in accordance with it also. So there's the aspect of constantly going back to the word, but there's also this aspect of living in accordance with it. That is where true abiding happens, where scripture becomes the way we are living. And that's where we're truly abiding in God's word. And then John 1421, so one can read that. John 1421, whoever has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me. And he who loves me will be loved by my Father and I will love him and manifest myself to him. Thank you. So this previous passage, John 831 to 32, is as we are living in accordance with scripture, the truth of scripture becomes something that we understand, is revealed to us. John 1421 is saying Jesus himself gives us greater revelation as we walk in obedience. So that is the promise that Jesus gives. If you're walking in obedience to my word, because you love me, then I will reveal the truth of scripture. And what did we read before that the Holy Spirit reveals what he has heard from the Father and from the Son? So it's as Jesus is giving that revelation, it comes through the Holy Spirit to us. So what is the illumination of the Holy Spirit? What is it not? So when we are saying we read here, you don't need another teacher, the Holy Spirit will reveal truth to you. We read in one of the passages, that doesn't mean that when we interpret scripture, that there is no possibility that we're going to make a mistake. We can't say I have the Holy Spirit, so whatever I've understood has to be right. And we are unwilling to receive anyone else's correction or anyone else's input into our understanding of scripture. Because we are also human, our understanding of what the Holy Spirit is revealing to us may be mistaken. We might have missed something in the rest of scripture. We might not have taken the context into perspective. So like we talk about, there is the human side of interpretation and the spiritual side of interpretation. Just as in the writing of scripture, it's both the human and divine process. When we are interpreting it, we are using our mind. We are using the tools that we are talking about, studying the culture, studying the language, all of those things. And we are depending on the Holy Spirit. So in the human capacity that we are operating in, there is possibility of error. So we should never be at the point where we're saying, I can't receive any correction. Whatever I've understood is completely correct. And if somebody else comes and tells us what you're saying is incorrect, we should be willing to receive that correction because there is possibility of error. Illumination from the Holy Spirit doesn't mean that we will get some hidden meaning from the scripture that is not in line with the rest of scripture. So this is where a lot of Bible teachers have made mistakes, have led other people astray, where they'll take a passage of scripture and start to preach something based on it that doesn't align with the truth of the whole of scripture. And so when that happens, and people completely trust this leader and follow them, they fall into wrong ways of living, wrong ways of thinking, wrong ways of believing. So this is something that we need to be careful about, especially we see in a lot of these cults, a lot of leaders who have great control over their congregations, which is usually something we see in cults, where people have gone completely astray because they've just followed that person's teaching. They have not looked at what is their interpretation correct, is all of scripture saying they don't examine the teaching, they don't test the teaching, and so they go astray. The Holy Spirit doesn't give usually. So the Holy Spirit might suddenly give us insight into a certain passage of scripture out of the blue. One day we are walking down the road and we suddenly get a revelation of some passage of scripture and we get a deeper understanding of that scripture. That's possible, but that is not the normal every day. We shouldn't depend on that kind of revelation to happen all the time. It's up to us to study scripture to seek greater understanding of the Bible. So especially for people who are teaching, preaching, don't expect that, okay, the Holy Spirit is just going to reveal, I don't need to prepare for this sermon, I don't need to prepare to teach. I'll just show up there and the Holy Spirit is going to give me the words, the understanding, the inspiration. That's not the approach we follow. So we have to put in the work, we have to study, and in the process of doing that, the Holy Spirit gives us the understanding we need, the inspiration we need to be able to teach others or preach. And then the last is, does not exempt us from walking in obedience. That means it is still our responsibility to walk in obedience to the truth. It's not the Holy Spirit's responsibility to help us or to make us walk in obedience. Okay, that is our responsibility. We are submitting to the Holy Spirit as we receive truth from Scripture. It's our responsibility to then continue to submit to it and walk in accordance with it. Okay, clear? Yeah? Okay, everyone online, okay? Okay, we'll continue. We have a few more minutes. So with that, we come to the end of this chapter and we go into the chapter on culture. So initially we looked at what were some of the challenges in interpreting Scripture, right? We talked about several different aspects of Scripture like time, geography, all of these things that come into play when we are interpreting Scripture. So culture was one of them and we talked about the cultural gap. So the cultural gap is obviously Scripture was written in a different culture completely from us and so there were certain practices that were followed, certain things that were expected of people that were dependent on the culture they were part of, which doesn't translate to our own cultures in the same way. So we look at certain practices that are there in Scripture. Should we understand them as things that we still need to follow today or are they cultural things and can we learn something, can we take the principles of those practices and apply it to our churches, to our own lives personally today? Okay, so what is context? So context is the context in which Scripture was written. Okay, so we have to take into consideration what was the context it was written in and how should we understand it based on the context. Context can be understood in many different ways. So there's one is the cultural context. But here we're looking at different ways in which you can understand context. Context can mean within the Bible, within the actual writing of the Bible, the context in which a verse is given. So the verses before it, the verses after it, give it a context. So suppose I take, okay, I'll take this verse. John 1240. Okay, the Lord has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts so that their eyes cannot see, their hearts cannot understand, and they cannot turn to me and have me heal them. Okay, so if I just read that passage and I'm trying to interpret it, I don't know who it's talking about. Who is it that the Lord has blinded their eyes? Has he blinded all people's eyes? Has he blinded specific people's eyes? Who are those people? Why has he blinded their eyes? All of those things for me to understand that I have to read the verses before it and the verses after it. So that is the context of scripture itself, the writing. So that is one way we understand context. The other is to understand the entire passage. So now I can read the verse before, the verse after, but that may not give me a complete explanation of who those people are. So suppose I read the verse before it says, but the people couldn't believe for as Isaiah also said, the Lord has blinded their eyes. Okay, so that's verse 39. And then verse 41 says, Isaiah was referring to Jesus when he said this, because he saw the future and spoke of the Messiah's glory. It's still not very clear who these people are. The people couldn't believe, but who are those people? I still don't know, right? Just from reading the verse before. So then I read the whole passage, that whole section and then that will give me a better understanding. A slightly larger context where I'm looking at the whole passage. Another way to understand context is the dispensation in which it was written. So what do we mean by dispensation? So like we said, scripture follows a thing of gradual revelation, right? Overtime. So God has acted in certain ways over time to reveal to us greater truths about who he is, his purposes in creation, what he wants to fulfill. So in the beginning, he chose Abraham. He revealed a little to Abraham before Abraham. I mean, after Abraham, he made the covenant with Moses. He spoke through the prophets. Jesus himself came, brought greater revelation and then we have the teachings of the apostles. So we understand the teaching within the context of what was God revealing at that time. So that is the context. So what spiritual revelation, what revelation of who God is was happening at that time. And so how do we understand this passage within that revelation of what God was doing at that time? And then we understand it in the context of the entire Bible. So we start with the verse, the verse in its immediate context, what came before it, what came after it, then that within the larger passage, that passage within the dispensation, within that time or that revelation that was happening at that time, and that within the whole of the Bible. That's ideally how we should be understanding all every verse in the Bible, which is a lot of work, which is why there's possibility of error when we are interpreting things. But we also... So this is the context of the written scripture. We also have to understand scripture within its historical context. So there was something happening in history at that time. There was something happening culturally at that time. So some of the practices here may not be followed still in these cultures. Some things that we were doing in our cultures 100 years ago are not still being followed or even 10 years ago are not being followed today. So that culture has changed and we are from a different culture completely. So we need to understand what was happening in that time historically, what were the cultural practices of those times. That's the human aspect of the context that we're looking at. This is the scriptural context and then we're looking at the human context of whatever was written in the Bible. Does that make sense? Yeah? Okay. So why should we... Any thoughts on why we need to give importance to culture? First of all, all cultures are the same. Okay. Okay, so example. Certain aspects of culture, they will have certain rules where as somewhere else it will have... it will be acceptable. So what's acceptable at all? One case may not be necessarily acceptable at all. Yeah. Yes. So I'll give you an example of something very basic in how we... our culture, okay? Within India itself not everyone is very... like if you give an auto driver money with your left hand they'll be very offended sometimes, right? And I was not aware of that when I was younger. So they would ask me to move it to my right hand and give it to them. So something as simple as that, like we're all from India but both of us are from a slightly different cultural background that for me giving it with my right or left hand didn't matter. But to them their understanding of what I'm doing is like one is offensive. True, just the hand I use to give them the money. So those kinds of things. So if we take something from scripture and we say we have to follow it exactly that way, we've missed out on what is the spiritual truth behind it. We are just following the practice without understanding the truth behind it. So we'll come back to that after the break. Thank you.


FAST-01 is a prospective, single-center trial designed to assess the workflow feasibility, toxicity, and efficacy of flash therapy for the treatment of painful bone metastases in the extremities using a flash-enabled variant pro-beam proton therapy unit. The primary endpoints include assessing the workflow feasibility and toxicity of flash treatment, while the secondary endpoint is pain response at the treated sites. Initial results are expected to be published in 2022. This article was authored by Emily C. Doherty, Anthony Massia, Yong Zhong, and others.


The Marine Corps is designed to be expeditionary, so we must be fast, austere, and lethal. And the concepts and capabilities tested during the Advanced Warfighting Experiment will give Marines a leg up in future security environments. What we wanted to look at is assessing how a special purpose MAG that might be able to command and control multiple dispersed company land teams across a maritime merit of operations, whether it's with technology enabler, new organizational contracts, or new TTPs and training. Expeditionary Force 21 has outlined the way and the direction the Marine Corps is headed, and part of that is us being able to operate in the Pacific from the sea base and being able to influence a wide variety of contingencies. It's pretty interesting. It feels kind of sci-fi, I guess. I thought it was just going to be stumbling around and it would lose its footing just off the road on any sort of uneven terrain, but it's actually proven to be pretty reliable and pretty rugged. Trying to integrate new technologies, new concepts, new ways of doing business into a company. So we've had our challenges with it, but we've learned a lot. It's been a lot more successful than I think I anticipated. The Marine Corps is going to be doing more company-sized operations. And so we need a smaller medical response, but the austere environment's not going to change. The lethal nature of the engagement isn't going to change. We're broadcasting the patient's vitals and the doc is texting back or responding. The ER doctor forward gives us the ability to meet the requirements of the fabled golden hour. The ability to get a patient to the table of an ER doc so they can do those immediate interventions so they can make it safely to the sea base. The UHAC is one of those experimental technologies that we're looking at as a possible concept capability to look at how we could take our forces in the future and be able to insert them in areas that we wouldn't be able to insert them today based on our current systems that are fielding. I think what we try and do with experimentation is in training you want to push to the boundaries of what you can do. And you have to do that. So that when you get to that boundary, you can look further and try to figure out how you might innovate outside of that operating box that you're constrained to. And that's where we endeavor to kind of go when we go with experimentation. How do we figure out how we navigate that uncharted space and do it safely? Do it so we can, you know, at the right cost and do it so we can accomplish the mission. And that's what experimentation is about. That's what we're trying to figure out how to do to make our Marines more effective.