pride tonight as an offense when you're getting contributions up and down the order. Of course you know I mean obviously last night we finished the game the way that we wanted to and it seemed to carry over to today so you know it's really good for us right now. Gary Sanchez a big part of the win last night tonight the first hit another home run. Did you feel like he really set the tone for the offense? Yeah yeah I mean like you said last night he had that huge hit and you know what a moment to have it in and then to start the game back off with a three-round homer today is it's just what Gary does so you know we needed him to come through both times and he did and you know we got two wins because of it. Two home runs for you tonight did you make any adjustments coming into today's game? No I mean I've just tried to trust what I've been doing the entire time I mean it's been it's been frustrating these last couple weeks because I haven't been able to pick it back up so you know tonight felt good for me. How do you fight through that frustration? Just keep going back out there you know you just keep getting excited every time you see yourself in the lineup and try not to get too down because of you know the results and you know everyone's on this field for a reason so I got to give them credit whenever they get me out so I'm just glad that today I got the I got the better results. You feel like this can build your confidence really give you a boost moving forward? Yeah yeah I mean I haven't been swinging the bat the way that I wanted so to have a couple good at bats tonight is it's obviously really good for me and I'm gonna try to look to build off it tomorrow. Thanks for the time.


Interesting point, let's think about it. In large part in western culture, a lot of us have grown up in a Christian inundated culture. A lot of us have connections to churches or youth groups or Sunday schools or we at least have friends that go to church. Because of that there is a culture of people calling themselves Christians simply because that's how they were raised without doing any further exploration or really taking it on for themselves. So I get her point if you're talking to somebody that was just raised that way just believes oh okay well that must be the truth without really exploring it for themselves that makes sense to me. But her question and argument doesn't really make sense for the millions of Christians that have actually read the text and explored the arguments and experienced God's life changing work in our lives. Plus there are millions of people nowadays that have converted to Christianity even though they weren't raised that way. What do you have to say to them? Ultimately the critique of oh will you just believe Christianity because you were raised that way I don't think that's where we need to begin we need to begin with well okay well maybe that's why this person calls himself a Christian or this person calls themselves a Christian but that doesn't answer the question of is it true? Christianity is the only belief system that says you cannot earn your way to God every other religion in some shape or form is trying to teach you ways that you can find peace with God through your actions or through your thoughts. But Christianity says you cannot do enough to earn God's favor but Jesus came to earn God's favor for you through his death and sacrifice on the cross for your sins so that you could find reconciliation redemption and forgiveness. Jesus said that he is the way the truth and the life no one comes to the father except through him he is the only way all other religions are wrong because they don't give you a path to forgiveness and redemption it's always just do more think better thoughts become one you can earn your way hopefully God will receive you but Christianity says no Jesus has already earned your way for you trust in him and rest in that grace


Okay, so Osmoor FDS or the RF Delay Simulator because that's the best name I could come up with So wait, it's not exactly Okay, that's better So when the What the name says pretty much what it does, right? It simulates an RF Delay, which means you Have an RF port which takes an input signal and it transmits that same input signal on the output port some time later hopefully a deterministic time later At the moment it's just Simple delay, but it could be you know extended to actually simulate multipath of things like that as the need arises for it so why Did I do that? Well the goal was to you know integrate with the GSM Tester at sysmo com which has a you know different hardware connected and stuff like that to To test it and and mainly the this particular piece would be to you know experiment with the timing advance At the lowest layer possible so that you test the entire stack because you know with virtual fire and stuff like that You can simulate the timing advance at different layers of the protocol and things like that, but here it's to really have it on the On the Yeah, exactly the real device, you know you And so yeah, and our alt was looking for a solution for that for for sysmo com and And the Pluto was seemed like a good solution other option that were configured considered where RF over fiber with you know long spools of fibers or long RF cable stuff like that So there's a little more software defined So that the target device is the Adam Pluto Which is you know, basically a zinc connected to an ADI 9361 Why this device when mostly we have plenty of them around and We need to find something useful to use them for right, so That that seemed like a good match The the bull system to generate custom images and custom applications from ADI actually works Astronomically well like you if you follow the instruction You you will get a working image out of the box. It it yeah, it works What's a bit annoying about those images loaded on on there is that there is no provision for any kind of persistence Which mean that every time you plug it and unplug it and it reboots Everything will be lost. There is no Overlay for persistence or anything like that at least that I could find Which is a bit annoying because the FPGA image is actually needed on boot And which means that every time you want to change the FPGA image You actually need to rebuild and reflash and completely a new image the the zinc itself allows changing the FPGA configuration on The fly but something somewhere in the ADI's logic doesn't like that And the Linux side will work fine But you won't be able to talk to any of the SDR part which you know kind of defeats the point in this application Yeah, other minor issue is that by default they use R&D is for the so under when you plug that on your laptop you get a CDC You know console basically you also get a network device and they use R&D is I patched the image use ECM Which is more standard and mostly because I didn't have the driver for an R&D is and I didn't want to build them I had the ECM one Same thing SSH keys because again everything is lost that reboots if you want to add your own SSH key You actually have to rebuild an entire image with that Which means that it's very possible that the pre-built image that's distributed on the website actually comes with my SSH key As allowed to look in as root on the device Beware of that so IO so IO is the you know framework for That's been made by ADI to interface with various things. It wasn't especially designed with SDR in mind It was you know all industrial sansos and that kind of stuff and it's been kind of forced into being used for SDR in this application and So when you log in on the Linux running on the zinc you get an IO device and that's all you're supposed to talk to the SDR parts I try to implement the loop back and and everything using purely IO because IO gives you those buffer objects and so the hope was that you'd be able to you know Get a buffer from the Eric's and then feed it to the takes So that the zinc wouldn't have any actual work to do except shuffling buffer around There's a variety of ways for which I didn't work The first thing is that the IO buffer is really just it's an opaque wrapper You have no idea what's inside and it doesn't actually there is no mapping between There's no constant mapping between a IO buffer object and the physical buffer they they will Switch the the physical buffer inside the same you know buffer And so you can't just give them And consider them as mapping to a constant area in memory The other problem is that that opaque wrapper is actually tied to a specific IO channel So you can't use an IO buffer that you get for Eric's and send it to takes that just doesn't work that way and I Tried meddling around in the inside of IO, but couldn't get anything to work And that wouldn't have done any good for the two reasons that follow is that IO has no timestamp whatsoever so You can't tell him to transmit buffer at a Defined time or you can't get the time at which you received an Eric's buffer You also have absolutely no way to start Eric's and takes pass at the same time Because there is no time command or thing like that which mean depending on When the Linux would issue the actual rights to the memory map TIO to start and stop the DMAs engine The loopback delay of that error of delay simulator was basically random on boot. It would be more or less constant But random and you couldn't choose it which is you know really not good It would be a multiple of the buffer size, but that doesn't have you that much, right? The other problem is there is no feedback on over and under floor Which mean if at for any reason or anything you miss a buffer on a thing well that random delay would actually vary over time Which is really not good at all So I kind of dropped the idea of using IO for for that Other fun things in IO is the naming of the you know You have you have IO devices and inside those devices you have channels And the mapping of what does what is really not that obvious? I mean if you see you know CF 89 361 LPC That's the receive path You know there isn't Eric's absolutely nowhere in that name and then CF 89 361 dash DDS dash core dash LPC That's the transmit path in why and Somewhere buried in the documentation you can find what it what does what but when you first Go into it. It's really not obvious Actually documented what does what in if you look in the source code of the control application I actually documented what names maps to what in case you're confused. Yeah Of course, I still need to use IO because I need to actually start up the device stuff like that And I you know I don't want to reinvent the wheel and and so I just reuse IO, but it just Sets up the frequency to gain and and configure my custom logic So the custom logic well since I can't do it in IO I decide to do it directly in the FPGA, right? because it's redo You know the right right way to do it anyway Again the FPGA code for media is actually pretty good It might be a little too generic for my taste you can see it's an you know It's an example code that they distribute So that people can take it and integrate it in their own application But that that means that the very low code is actually supports the chip being interfaced using LVDS or using CMOS or all those options which are actually not used and did on on the On the Pluto because well, it's depends on your PCB layout. Obviously you can't change it dynamically So there's a bit too much option So sometimes it can be hard to understand or see exactly what's used and what's not but it's it's fairly well structured And didn't take too much time to to see What does what and and that part is actually fairly well documented The modification is like super simple Basically, I just tap into the RX pass you have a blog that handles all the physical interface You know like the CMOS IO the sampling of the DDA edge and all that kind of stuff and that feeds that to packetizer and and things that Sends it over to the zinc. I just tap the data at that point feed it to a variable delay line Which is really just a circular buffer where the read pointer and the right pointer Is the are at a fixed configurable offset from one another and that offset is configured by the zinc and that fixes your delay basically and I directly injected into the the transmit path so transmit pass it can act as the Normal usual way it would normally work so you can you still use your Pluto as a normal Pluto with no issue but if you Tuckle the right bit in the right configure register instead of just transmitting with the DMA sends it will actually take the signal it received Multiply it by a constant so you can vary its amplitude and add it to the signal that you asked to transmit and send it off I did an addition Because that way if in addition to the loop back you want to add say goes and goes and noise to test You know the SNR response stuff like that. You can actually do it and IO actually has a nice feature I guess that you can just give it One or a set of buffered and then tell them to play in a loop And so you just set that up at the beginning and it will just auto-repeat basically So yeah, that's a very simple FBG modification and that could easily be extended I mean at the moment it's really just an addition, but if you put an FIR with complex tabs you could have a channel Once to be one step closer to a channel simulator and if you add multiple of those in parallel you can have You know multi path with different length with you know fairly easy Modification you can just xylings as free fire compilers and stuff like that. So yeah If anybody if anybody needs that it's it's not too hard to do The control software well, it really doesn't do much it just really just sets the frequency gains and that kind of stuff Trans it does continuous Eric's, but it does nothing with the data just drops it a Transmit zero actually turns out it's not even needed Yeah, you don't have once you've started the Eric's it will actually continue and if you Start the ticks it will end the flow or overflow if you don't actually shuffle the buffer, but The FBG logic will continue to work including the loop back Which means that if you actually kill that application The loop back actually continues It doesn't shut down on song Which I consider it a feature, but maybe you can see it as above depends on the way you see things Whatever And yeah, it was not that many often Something else that was developed and that's kind of interesting and it was developed at the same time but it's kind of unrelated to RFDS itself, but it's just in the same repo is the UHD pinger because I needed to test the I mean what I developed I needed to I needed a way to actually test it, right? I Originally, I plan to use my signal generator and the E4406 And that's when I realized that my E4403 is broken at the moment and I haven't taken the time to fix it yet So I developed that instead And basically it measures the latency using an UHD device So it just sends periodically a burst of a BPSK modulated data out of the takes port and using timestamp It does a synchronized RX and then it tries to find okay How many samples after I ordered the transmit do I get the pulse back? and So using the transmit and receive on different frequency I was able to test the Osmoor FDS That you know, I got the echo at the right time and that if I told The delay simulator to simulate a 100 microsecond delay I actually got the data a hundred microsecond later that I tell him that if I tell it to simulate a zero sample delay for instance But it can also be used to just to test the intrinsic latency of a UHD device If you look in the Osmo theory, there's a bunch of magic values in there that represent the kind of the latency of the FPGA image of the The B200 because you know, it has digital signal processing blocks CIC all band filters CICs I already said I think yeah, whatever. I meant the codec. Yeah And all those magic values they change depending on the sample rate on the the master clock rate that you configure and that kind of stuff But in Osmo theory, it's very important because you need to you know Know when Ericsson takes are aligned and so you could actually use that to to measure those value and check that they actually make sense Currently, I mean it was done really quickly because it was just a tool to test Osmoor FDS Improvements would be FFT based correlation of the one. I just do a naive correlation of just you know summing in adding At different offsets, but that takes time if you use an FFT you can go much faster Or so currently I just generate a random bit stream from you dev random. I think and BPSK modulated Which works fine But if you wanted a sharper peak in the correlation, you could use codes that have good known auto correlation properties You know like gold codes out of two that kind of you know things that are used for trading sequences So that's an example of running the finger and you see you just configure here At a given frequency and eventually you get yeah an echo and it tells you how many samples afterwards It was it was received The other values are just the amplitude. I think yeah the the amplitude and the threshold It can also detect multiple peaks if there are several peaks that are strong enough so a couple of resources while you have the the project which has the the actual documentation of Or to run it or to build it and also some prebuilt image that you can just flash. Yeah Oh, yeah, because I was testing over the hair Oh, yeah, so the question is why is the transmit frequency different from the Eric's one It's because this particular test I was testing over the air not with cables and so I can't test I mean that there would have been a conflict if I if I tell the or smaller of DS to receive and transmit With a delayed version it would create a loop, right? I mean with cables you can transmit and receive on the same frequency the cross talk is Small enough, but when you're over the air It would kind of create a sort of a I don't know like a loss and effect in in RF or something. I just yeah You see or because I mean if you tell if you tell him Osmo or FDS to transmit the signal one microseconds later back And you're over the air it will When it transmitted once one microsecond later it will again we receive it and then we retransmit it one microsecond later And so that creates a loop that yeah exactly and Echo produce echo except RFDS actually Amplifies the signal as well. So yeah, you just end up saturating itself basically So yeah, the other project page with a prebuilt image how to build it and how to run it the actual code if you want to you know, rebuild it yourself and This is the link that to the documentation to the Pluto itself. It's the wiki from analog which has some decent information about the Pluto and How to build the image and that kind of stuff And yeah, thank you for thank you to see small come to a sponsor the work on the on that project and And and to another device for actually providing us with the Pluto's and that's it if anybody has any questions regarding the Pluto and the the loop. Is there some space left in the FPGA for for example for doing some complex multiplication and modulation of the signal to generate Yes, there's plenty of space left in the FPGA for doing a lot of things. I mean, I don't I think there is like Maybe like 5% of the Complex blocks the DSP blocks used and and also very few block rams There's a significant part of the logic elements used in the FPGA but the block rams and the DSP blocks There's plenty of them to go around. So yeah If you want to do complex multiplication or an FIR filter with complex tabs and that kind of stuff plenty of space for that Yeah, well, I'll just repeat it. Just say it and I will repeat it in the microphone Yes, so the question is about the UHD finger because in the in the MS implementation by Piotr there is something similar and Yes, the UHD finger is also it's in the Osmo or FDS repository in the tools directory or something. So it's there in that repo Yeah Yes, so the question is how much delay can be stimulated I honestly can't remember But it was very significant it was it was more than a more than a Multiple time more than a GSM frame. I remember that and I didn't use All the block rams that I could have used I left a ton of them free so yeah, it's it's definitely Significant as you say it depends on the sample rate, but I was kind of working on the Like a one or two mega samples per second because it was for GSM and that's that's way enough But yeah, as I said the the default design of the Of the ADI doesn't actually use a significant amount of block rams For some yeah, I can't for some reason my my browser doesn't display but whatever So most of the block it's a zinc 7010 and yeah, I'm pretty sure like 90% of the block ram are free So, you know look up the specs and do the math for Yes, so the the question is about the sample rate and yes because as you say Everything happens in the FPGA. You're not limited either by the bandwidth of the USB or Even by the processing power of the zinc or anything like that So yeah, you can I I think you can run it up to 30.72 mega samples per second in the way they're wired in the The Pluto basically the maximum sample rate of the chip is 60 or something, but depending on how they wired the FPGA interface to the FP to the ADI The ADI to the FPGA The interface can only run at a given clock frequency and you need to have transmitted and receive enabled of course And so I think the limit is 30.32 But yeah, I mean to simulate LT at 10 megahertz bandwidth would be no issue. Of course you get you know less delay because you need more samples, but Should be more than enough to Yeah I mean you you can dynamically configure the delay, but Obviously at the point where you change it you have a discontinuity, right? It's not gonna do like fractional interpolation or progressively change the delay You can progressively change it one sample at a time. I guess but you will have a small Non-linearity at the time where you where you change it whether I guess if you oversample enough It shouldn't destroy the signal too much if you change it Progressively enough basically, but the the core definitely Supports changing the delay on the fly while everything is running Now not at the moment it would it would be fairly easy to To simulate multi path because you can just instantiate a second block and a second adder and have a both configurable for instance Sorry, yes, yeah, you could you could Yeah, as I said, oh, yeah, I made a mistake It's it should it should say codec here and not see I see because see I see wouldn't help to add a frequency error But yeah, you could you could add a complex multiplier with a codec to Simulate a frequency error and simulate Doppler. Yeah There's a bunch of as I said because most of the DSP blocks are free and block ramps are free too there's lots of room for extension if anybody wants to to do that or needs it Okay, thank you


A year before he died, my grandfather told me a story. He was, in the way that old soldiers often are, a no-nonsense upright man, a few words. It was the morning following my 20th birthday, and he telephoned me at 9.30 on the dot, requesting my presence at his home on the outskirts of Salcum, approximately half an hour's drive. I arrived nursing a hangover from the previous night, and he offered me a cigarette. When I hesitated, he just laughed and told me that he knew I smoked, and that he wouldn't tell my father. We sat together on his porch and smoked in silence, watching the waves crash against the Devonshire coast.  I want to tell you about the war, he said. His speech slow and slurred from a minor stroke he had suffered two years prior. Knowing how he felt on the matter, he had not even congratulated me on my successful application to join the Army several weeks prior. I said, Grandpa, you don't have to. I need to, he said. Open the box. I obliged. Inside was a beret wrapped around three items, a key, a tubular bundle of tissue paper, and something heavy, an oil cloth. I put the box down and picked up the key, admiring the intricate brasswork and unusually complex blade. The only other person that knew this story was your grandma, and she's gone now. I won't be around forever either, you know. It's important. People know. We were silent for a couple minutes. It sounds selfish, but I hate when old people talk so fatalistically. That said, my curiosity was peaked by the grim show-and-tell atmosphere. He lit another cigarette, letting the flame of his match linger just long enough that the wood about its head had begun to curl and blacken. Then he shook it out. I joined the war too late, he said, all through school, my friend Nick and I just wanted to be heroes.  Where were you sent, I asked. He took a deep drag on the smoke. Channel Islands, the only part of the British Isles to be occupied by the Germans, coinciding with the liberation of France. We were preparing to attack the Isle of Jersey when the gerry surrendered. Just a few under to them, holed up in their rat warrens in the cliffs. He paused and tapped the cigarette with a forefinger, so that glowing ashes tumbled from it and were snuffed out by the wind, like miniature dying stars. The night after the surrender, Nick and I were sitting in the pub, being bought drinks by the locals, when a woman burst in from the rain, crying and shouting for help.  He was some kind of priest that the Nazis had brought with them when they landed, or so she said. Nick asked where he'd taken the kids, and she said that he'd stolen a robot and was on his way to a little offshoot island called Babel Rock. She was sure that he was going to kill him. Nick and I ran to our superiors, but as soon as we mentioned Babel Rock, they wanted to call for help from the Americans and wait until light. They took our rifles away and told us to forget the whole thing, but I would sooner have been court-martialed than let some American GI have the glory. This was our fight, our war, and no matter how small it was, how insignificant and grand scheme of things, we would fight it. This was our home, you know. We stole a boat of our own and set out into the storm. I wish I'd stopped to think about things for a second, but I was young and stupid. We both were. Grandpa put down the cigarette and unwrapped the oil cloth. Inside it was a large, old-fashioned-looking pistol with faded wooden grips. Jesus, grandpa, I said. Are you allowed to have that? He winked. What they don't know won't hurt them. Was true then, it's true now. I wanted in cards from a yank back in London before we set out for the islands. Nobody knew I had it, so they couldn't take it away.  Long story short, we land alone on this bleak old rock, right in the middle of a storm, black as the devil's eyes, and so sharp and craggy that it sliced one of my boots right open along the sole. There was one building on the island, a wooden shack overlooking the beach. It was dark, not just because of the time of day. You couldn't see more than five feet in front of you. I remember looking up at the sky and seeing the clouds all lit up by lightning flashes from the inside, like big stone lanterns. The clouds were coiling around above Babel Rock, and there was a hole in the very center above the house. Not just a hole in the clouds, but in the sky itself.  As we were heading up the beach, with nothing but the lightning to show us the way, I swear to God, it looked like the rain was falling up into that hole in the sky. Grandpa paused and sucked on his cigarette. The tip glowed brightly and illuminated his face with a faint orange hue. Then he continued, I booted open the door of the house, waving the gun around like some madman, but it was deserted. We poked around and eventually came across a trapdoor under a carpet. With the shack were stone steps, coiling downwards into a handful of rooms carved into the rock itself. Not rooms for people though. The dimensions were all wrong. The corridors were really tall, about nine feet high, but so narrow we had to turn sideways to get through them. Everything was covered in weird scratchings too, in the walls and on the ceiling, Roman numerals I think. Everything was quiet, except for the storm outside, and we were just starting to regret ever going there, heroism or no, when we rounded a corner and found the children.  They were stood in a ring, in this big oval shaped room. Their eyes were all rolled back so you couldn't see the pupils, and they were each reading from a little book, like a Bible. But I couldn't understand a word of what they were saying. It wasn't German or Latin, or any language I know. Before I could say anything, or do anything, I heard a voice behind me, horrible, deep, resounding.  This was Nick, he lived two doors down from me my entire life, he was my best friend. Being a hero is nothing, when it cost you everything. Patar paused, and I saw his leathery cheeks glistening, wet from tears.  I lunged for him, trying to grab the gun, and he shot me too, shattered my kneecap. That's why I need this. He tapped the heavy stick that he'd hobbled around on as long as I knew him. Then he flicked away the end of his cigarette, and reopened the pack with trembling fingers. It was empty, I handed him my half-smoked one, and he nodded his thanks. I passed out, he said, his face now lost to the rush of night. When I came to, his face was inches away from mine, and I could feel his breath on my cheek. Deep stank of erotic meat, there was something wrong with his eyes too, black, black as that hole in the sky. He spoke to me then, he asked me in broken English, if I believed in God. I could barely speak, the pain was too much, but I nodded, and he asked me if I would like to meet him. I thought then, that he was just threatening to kill me, to send me to meet my maker. So I shook my head, and I think that surprised him. He stood up, walked away from me to the opposite wall, and that's when I saw the door for the first time. It was massive, almost touching the ceiling, about four feet wide, and it was made of some kind of black rock. It had carved on it an apple tree, and there was a snake coiling down the trunk. The snake had its head turned, side onto you, and instead of an eye, there was a weird jagged keyhole. He went to the kids, chanting throughout all of us, and picked up a key. This key, off the pedestal they were gathered around, grandpa gestured at the key, its brass swastika head glinting beneath the glow of his cigarette. Patar said that he'd spent eleven years of his life secretly visiting Babel Rock, measuring the keyhole, and designing a key to fit. I asked him whether he put the door there, and he gave me an odd look, and told me it had been there before men even walked the earth. Then he unlocked the door and stepped backwards, speaking words in German I couldn't understand. And then something started to push the door open from the other side. As it opened, just a crack, all the candles in the room went out, and we were in darkness. The only light was coming from a lantern in the next room, and it was just me, Patar, and whatever was opening that door. And all the while, the kids were chanting and singing. It opened a few inches more, and a hand came through, all charred and calloused. But it wasn't a human hand, it was small, with long hooked fingertips, and it coiled around the edge of the door, as though it were cautious of entering the room. As it did, the air began to taste of sea water and sulfur, and I was more scared then than I've been in my entire life. I tore my eyes away, dragged myself over to my forty-five, and turned around and shot Patar in the back. He mimed a pistol with his hand. His blood splashed across the door and wall, but it also landed on that hand. As soon as it came into contact with that blood, it went crazy. The hand tightened its grip on the door, and started pushing. This was solid stone, about a foot thick, and this thing was just shoving it open. I forgot my pain then, fear was giving me strength, and I limped across the room and slammed my shoulder against the door. I must have surprised him, because I felt it give way, and I heaved with every ounce of strength in my body. God, I was tough as a lad. He sucked on the smoke, the tip flaring up against the night. I almost had it. The door was almost closed, but that hand, that blasted monster of a hand, still there, reaching rounded me. I pulled out my boot knife, and I hacked one of its fingers off. It howled, or maybe that was just the storm above us, but the hand retreated, and I slammed the door closed. Then to my horror, the door shuttered and opened a crack. It was throwing its weight against it, desperate to get into our world. I pushed back, and then I noticed the key, sticking out beside my hand. I forced the door closed one last time. Then I turned that key, and threw it away from me across the room. The second the key left the door, the banging stopped. Everything was silent. The kids all kind of jolted away, like sleepwalkers, and started crying. All of us were covered in x-blood and patars.  I went to Nick, but he was long gone, so I picked up the gun and went to Patar instead. He looked up at me, and he said something in German, words that echo round in my head every night. I shot him again, and again, until there were no bullets left in my gun, and he was unrecognizable. And then the pain hit me again, and blacked out. Grandpa took a final drag on his cigarette, then he ground it into the ashtray. We sat, unmoving and unspeaking in his garden. Our silhouettes picked out white-edged by the stars, like marble statues seated in eternal vigil for the men that had sailed across the sea and never returned. I gazed at him, and in that half-light, he could almost be the fit, powerfully built young man in the photographs that had adorned the walls of his house before grandma had passed away. I had no idea what to think or to feel or how much of his story was true, but I was enthralled by his words. What happened then, grandpa? As he replied, the clouds began to shift over the stars like curtains being drawn over a stage so that his words seemed to come from some unspecified point in the darkness, and I was speaking to a ghost. When I came to, I heard shouting from far above, commands being given, boots on the stairs, English voices, I was sure. I grabbed the gun and shoved it into my jacket.  Then I saw Nick, lying there on the ground, and I knew that I had to get something, some proof, so that other people would know that his death hadn't been in vain. I grabbed the key and put it in my pocket, but then I figured it's just a key, could be for anything. Then I saw the finger, the one I'd hacked off the hand of God or whatever the hell that thing was. It was just a charred bone by now, but it was intact. Until I grabbed that, too. As I stuck it into my pocket, men burst into the room, dressed like paratroopers with camo paint smeared over their faces, no symbols or insignias on their uniforms either. Next thing I know, someone sticking a gun in my face and yelling at me to identify myself. Naturally, I did, and they talked amongst themselves for a few minutes. They dragged me out of the room and onto the island itself. The storm had blown itself out. One of them sat with me. I tried talking to him, but he just straight out blanked me. I guess they must have been special forces of some sort, on strict orders not to talk to prisoners. I think I heard gunfire from the tunnels below, but I was so far above them I couldn't be sure. As far as I could recall, the only living things down there were the speck-op boys and those kids, so what they could have been shooting at. I have no idea. Eventually, a rescue boat shows up, and a medic sees to my leg while some big brass guy lectures me on the importance of subtlety. Before I was allowed on the boat though, he straight up told me that if I breathed a word of what I saw on Babel Rock to anyone, my friends, the townspeople, anyone, they'd shoot me.  I asked about Nick, then the man went all quiet. Then he told me that his next of kin would be looked after. I think they got the newspapers to report him dying a hero, fighting Jerry Commandoes or something. I never read past the first few lines of that article. I just kept seeing him in that cave. Then to his head, an eye is bleeding for me to save him. So, you never told anyone. I asked, who would you have me tell? Nobody would believe me with that. They just think I was insulting Nick's memory, trying to steal the glory from him. I loved him like a brother, too much to take his story away from him. I'm sorry Grandpa. I didn't mean he laid a hand on my shoulder. It's okay. He struck a match and unwrapped the tissue paper. Inside, long and angular, there lay a skeletal, humanoid finger, far too long to be from a man and with bone hardened and pointed at the tip. Like a claw. I gazed at it, in awe, in horror, before whispering, I'm so sorry Grandpa. He smiled and patted me on the shoulder. Then he blew out the match and I heard him gathering the three items he had showed me back into their box. It was as I was unlocking my car that I heard him call to me again. He was standing in the doorway, lit from behind in an otherwise featureless darkness. Well done on getting the job. Be careful over there, in Afghanistan I mean. Always rely on your judgment, no matter what they tell you. He closed the door. I sat in my car in the dark for nearly an hour, thinking about what he'd said. When I got home my father was already in bed, and I lay awake, gazing at the dark ceiling. I imagined it to be the voidest center of that storm my grandfather had seen all those years ago. He left me the house in his will. I retired from the army after being shot in the hip, during an ambush and cabal, when I was looking forward to the peace that granddad's old place on the coast would surely bring. When I was moving some of his things in the attic, I stumbled across the shoebox again. It was all there, the gun, the key, the finger. Like the realization of some strange dream, the memories of that night flooded back, and I sat down and cried for the first time since his funeral. I took a ferry to Jersey recently, and then hired a local fisherman to take me to Babel Rock. Under the sun, with nothing but the laughter of seabirds in my ears and the taste of saltwater in the air, it was actually a relatively peaceful place. The eye of a storm. There was no shack though, I suppose it was probably destroyed shortly after the events of my grandfather's story. I found a heavy iron hatch under which was a stairwell, but that ended in a square brick room, scrawled with graffiti and full of empty crisp packets. When the sunset was at its apex, licking at the ocean with a long orange tongue, I wrapped the three items in his beret and hurled them off the cliff, where the hungry, frothing jaws of the sea snapped them up. Then I sat with a thermos of tea and imagined Grandpa and Nick sitting together on a boat destined for London, full of stories of heroism. Perhaps he believed the story best forgotten, that he wasn't a hero, but I believed it from my.


Hi, I'm Denshi, and in today's video we're doing a comfy guide on Nvidia Optimus. More specifically, we're going to be taking a look at how to configure Nvidia Optimus manually on your gaming laptop. For all of you uninitiated folk, Optimus is the name we use for the technology that basically makes the system work when it has both an integrated and a dedicated GPU. So in your gaming laptop case, you probably have an Nvidia GPU, like a GTX something or whatever, and an integrated GPU, an Intel or AMD, whatever. And that integrated GPU is what's actually plugged in in powering your display on your laptop. And through some clever trickery and all that, we're able to get the Nvidia GPU rendering through the integrated GPU. This works by default and perfectly fine on Windows, and it's pretty easy to configure. But on Linux, this can be a little bit more complicated, you could end up having some problems, you could end up with a black screen when you try to open programs and stuff like that. And today's video is hopefully going to help you clear all of that knowledge to try to understand what's actually going on and how to set all of this up manually. Now I'm going to say that before we begin with any setup at all, you want to install the following things to your system. You want the Nvidia driver and Xorg X Render, which is a basic little tool you can use to change resolution and DPI on your system. Now for most distributions, you can probably just use the latest Nvidia driver and that will work with your card. You'd have to look specifically if you're having trouble, but in my case, I'm using Arch Linux so I can just run sudo pacman dash s Nvidia to install the Nvidia package, which is the latest Nvidia driver, and Xorg X Render, which is the latest version of the X Render tool. I'm not going to run that because I already run it before and I have the Nvidia driver installed. But basically, once you've installed that, you now have the driver and you can now proceed to the next step, which is actually configuring your programs and all that to work properly with your Nvidia GPU. Now before we begin with the manual configuration, I want to tell you that those are very useful script you can do that does most of this for you. So if you scroll down all the way down here, there's this script over here called NV Control. Now NV Control is a Python script and I'll have this linked in the description so you can go check it out. You can install this in the AUR as well. It's this little Python script that will automatically go through and check your system and figure out how to set up everything for Nvidia Optimus, depending on what options you give it. So for example, you can say sudo NV Control. If I can spell right NV Control dash dash switch and then Nvidia or dash dash switch integrated or dash dash switch hybrid to get the three different modes for Nvidia Optimus. Now this will only apply after a reboot because you know, you gotta reload everything. However, this script basically does everything we're about to do automatically. The only difference is that sadly, no computer script on the internet can give you knowledge. You cannot learn anything from running a Python program. However, you can learn something by watching this video and running through the steps manually, especially if you want to configure something in a custom way. So we're going to run through all the steps manually and all this is is really what that script is doing, but we're going to be doing it step by step configuration file by configuration file. We're going to take a look at all the various ways you can get around this and set this up and hopefully by the end of the day, we'll have something proper set up. But anyways, let's begin with the first most important step, which is setting your PCI bus. So if you run the following command, LSPCI, you will get a list of all the PCI devices on your computer.  Now one of those things, if you've got quite a keen eye, as you can see over here, is your Nvidia GPU. So the first thing we're going to do is we're going to run this command over here, which is a one line command that just searches the LSPCI output for any Nvidia cards. In this case, we got 0100.0 and if we run LSPCI again, you'll see that yeah, that's accurate over here, the VGA compatible controller for the Nvidia is 0100.0. In this guide, we're going to be using the PCI address 100, which is what we got over here. If you have two or three or something else, then replace all of the occurrences of PCI with whatever you got when running this command. Now that we know the PCI bus, we can move on to the next step, which is configuring XORC. So in our case, the first thing we're going to do is we're going to edit this file at CX11XORC.D and 90-invidia.com. So sudo vim at CX11XORC.D, which is the extra configuration directory, 90-invidia.com. Then we're going to copy paste all of this content over here. And as you can see, the PCI bus over here once again is set to the one that I have on my system and you want to change this according to yours. Now, all this is doing is telling XORC to render everything using the Nvidia GPU by specifying its PCI address. So now that we've set that up, we can call on WQ or whatever text editor you have, and then we can move on to the next configuration file, which is this one over here. So sudo vim at CmodPro.D and then invidia.conf. And in here, we can copy paste this over here. Options, invidia, DRM, mode set equals one. And then write and quit. All right, now there's one more thing we want to do. We need to tell our display manager or Exinit to set the correct DPI and also set the correct provider output source. So in my case, you can add the following lines to my Exinit RC file. So in my home directory, I have this file, which is what I run when I run XORC. And what I can do is I can add the following lines. I can go through and copy paste these from the wiki and add them here. However, you're probably not using Exinit. You're probably using KDE Plasma or something like that. And in that case, what you want to do is you want to modify any of the following files. So I'll have this linked in description. All these are the different configuration files that you have to edit, depending on your display manager or your login manager or whatever you call it. So if you're using LightDM, which is what you're probably using for XFC or something. If you're using SDDM, which is probably what you're using for KDE. And if you're using GDM, then you want to go through and make all of the configuration changes stated in here, and then your invidia card should work. Anyways, now that we've done that, I'm going to go and test it. Because all of this configuration only starts applying after I've rebooted, because the proprietary driver only starts applying once I've rebooted. I'm going to go reboot my computer and log back into X. And then we're going to run the following command. GLX Info, then pipe, grep, render. So if I run that command in my terminal, you'll see that I get Mesa Intel Ultra HD Graphics, which is the graphics card in my CPU, the integrated one. When I come back after rebooting my computer, I should get an invidia output instead. So I'm just going to come back in a second. All right, I'm back after rebooting my computer. And now if I run GLX Info, grep, render. As you can see, it tells me that I'm rendering on the invidia card. So that configuration we did for Xorg and all that, that worked. And we're now rendering on video. But let's say I got to go to school tomorrow or something like that happens. And I want to use my Intel card. I want to completely disconnect my invidia card from my system. So it's not even powered on when I turn on my computer to save as much battery as possible. For this, we're going to scroll down all the way down to the section that says, only use the IGPU. And we're going to just follow the commands and the configuration files here. So first of all, you want to make sure that any display manager or Exynit configuration for invidia is removed. So in my case, remember when I changed the Exynit RC file, I'm going to go in there and delete the lines pertaining to invidia. And then write and quit. And in your case, you might want to go through and get rid of your GDM configuration or your SDDM configuration or whatever you've done for LightDM just to make sure you're not enabling invidia when you turn it on. Next up, we're going to get rid of the other configuration files that we made for invidia. So the exorg one and the modprobe one. So I'm just going to copy paste this command and run it over here to get rid of those files. Now that I've done that, I'm going to go and add this file over here, blacklist-invidia.conf. This file is going to let us completely remove the invidia card by disabling all drivers for it. So we're going to run sudo vim at cmodprobe.d blacklist-invidia.conf. We're going to go in here and we're going to copy paste the following content. All this is going to do is it's going to blacklist all these drivers, which the kernel normally does load when we turn on our computer. So they don't load. Next, we're going to go down here and we're going to create this new file, which is called 50-remove-invidia.rules. What this does is it modifies udev. Now, if you don't know what udev is, that's the program that runs that boot that loads or unloads different drivers in different parts of your system. It's very kernel level. It's very hardware level stuff. And in our case, we can run this entire command and copy paste it. And what this will do is it will essentially borderline unplug our card, so it's not even loaded. It won't even show up when we run lspci, as if it didn't even exist. So we don't even power it on when we turn on the computer to save as much battery as possible. But anyways, now that we've done that, we can reboot. And if I run glxinfo again, when I'm back, this should show mesa and not invidia. So see you then. All right, I'm back after rebooting one more time and running glxinfo-grep render. As you can see, we're back on mesa. And more importantly, if we run lspci and grep4invidia, we get nothing. In fact, what we just put in the configuration files before, all of this blacklisting and all of these udev rules completely removed any traces of invidia from our system to save as much power as possible. So this is essentially the polar opposite of running everything on invidia. We're running nothing on invidia. But anyways, most people tend to want some kind of hybrid solution where they're able to run some things with Intel and some things with invidia, which offers a compromise between battery life and performance. And in this case, we want something called a hybrid system. Now, in the case of Arch Linux, there's a package that does pretty much all of this for you. It's called invidia-prime.  So you can run prime-run and then any program after it, like let's say st, which is my terminal, and then it will run on the invidia card. The only problem here is that prime-run isn't actually doing anything. If we run GLX info, as you can see, it won't give us any proper meaningful output because, yeah, it fails to request it because the invidia card has been blacklisted. We blacklisted it before. So what we want to do is we want to get rid of all these config files and then reboot and then we'll be in hybrid mode. So if we want to get a hybrid mode going on, where we're rendering everything on the Intel GPU, but then we can run prime run before programs to render them on the invidia GPUs or like selectively rendering them, we want to go through and basically get rid of all the configuration files. So get rid of all the invidia configuration files, first of all, and then get rid of all the Intel configuration files, which are these ones over here. So just get rid of all of those and then we'll reboot and then we'll be able to run under a hybrid system. All right, I've rebooted and now I'm in my hybrid system. So all the configuration files are gone and we can run stuff with prime run. So if we run GLX info by default, as you can see, we'll get Mesa. But if we run prime dash run and then GLX info, we'll get invidia and the same thing goes if we render a separate window like this. So if we do prime run SD, for example, so opening the terminal in prime run. So this is now an invidia terminal. I can run GLX info, grep render, and I'll still get invidia and the same goes for any games or whatever, any kind of software that you can start with prime dash run. And you can add this as a prefix in steam or whatever gaming software. You can set this as an option in Lutris. So it automatically runs prime run to get all your games running on invidia. So while most things are rendered by Intel on your system, you have the option to render them with the invidia card if you so wish. But anyways, that's pretty much it when it comes to invidia optimus. That's I'm assuming most people's requirements to this. Some people want to go more complex and start setting up systems where depending on battery levels or things like that, their system renders on invidia or not. But the truth is is that honestly, invidia optimus is not that flexible on Linux. It's quite hard to get a very interactive and automatic system with this. Even the script that I showed you, NV control has problems when you try to run it on Intel mode because like I said, remember when we tried to run LSPCI and we didn't get any address? Well, this entire script relies on that command to find the PCI address of your invidia card. So stuff like that happens. So scripts for this are quite hard to make, which is why it's important that you learn step by step what configuration files to edit and all that. But anyways, with all of that out of the way, I hope you enjoyed this video. I hope you find it useful. If you have any problems, you can email me or join our matrix or XMPP or our discord chats, which are all bridged by the way. So you can chat one of them and talk to people on the other side. Besides that, I've been Denshi. This has been a comfy invidia optimus guide. Goodbye.


Abstract CU-based nano-catalysts are the foundation of many industrial catalytic processes. Strengthening their catalytic stability and activity has been a long-standing challenge. In this study, the high entropy principle was used to modify the structure of CU-based nano-catalysts, resulting in the creation of two DCU-2ZN1R0.5CE5ZR0.5-Ox. This material exhibited improved sintering resistance, increased CO2 hydrogenation activity, and a record photothermal CO2 hydrogenation efficiency. These results demonstrate the potential of high entropy materials to improve the performance of CU-based nano-catalysts. This article was authored by Ye Guangli, Zanhua Bai, Dacha Yuan, and others.


yw'r ysgol iawn i'r ddafyn nhw'n gweithio'r llaw. Mae gwybod nhw'n gweithio'r llaw yw'r cyfnod. Mae rhai i chi'n gweithio'r llaw yw'n gweithio. Fe wnaeth yn ddechrau y gallwn gwirioneddol yn y gweithiol yn rhanol i gydag yma'r gyfo'r Cyfnod i'r cyfriddol ac yn y gyfnodol wrth gwrs ac i'n gweithio'r ffordd sy'n gweithio. Mae'n ddod o aelod yn gweithio'r cyfriddol. Felly ond, ddiwedd yn bryd. Mae adeg yn deimlo i'w bobl gwirionedd erbyn mewn bobl gwaith gyda meddwl, diwrnodau'n wneud ffyrdd drwy o'r blaid gyda ffyrdd? Mae'r ddechrau'n ddefnydd. Tydywch, mae'r cyfligio'r ddechrau. Dwi wedi gwneud yn ffordd, mae ar ôl, y gallwn ehm... Felly iawn, mae'r ddyn nhw wedi gwneud arall. Fyaf i gyda'r gyfligio yn y bank, mae'r bobl yn cysylltubydd, Mae'n asti a chadw'r baj. O gyntaf o'r ddechrau i ddechrau o'r ddechrau. Dyma'r pryd ffordd o'r pŵr ac o'r ddechrau. I ddim yn y cerddau! Mae'na yn ymgyrch ar y baj. Dwi ddim yn chydig yn y bobl i ddon. Mae'n fflawn ni'n ffrindio, mae'n ddechrau i ddim yn ddystiad o pond wedi bod wedi. Mae'n fan hyn o'r hyffordd tymor. Ydw ni'n gweithio'r trôl. Mae'n ddechrau i ddim yn ddechrau hwnnw. diwrnod o'r hunig o'r newydd ddiwedd fel hyn, mae hollwch gyd yn fawr i adeiladodd ymddangos. Mae'r hyn o'r ffordd o'r wych i'r ffordd, a'r hollwch i'r ffordd o gyd. Mae'r hyn o'r ffordd o'r ffordd, a'r rhaid. Pan ydwch chi i ddim yn y cwrdd. Ydwch chi'n gweld i'r ffordd o'r hyn o'r ffordd. Mae'n rhaid i'r ffordd o'r hyn o'r ffordd. ac mae'n gweithio'r bwysig all adeilad.cynny'n hyn wedi'u newid i chi ond, mae'n ddim yn rhan i gyd yn ddweud y ddweud. Mae'n dweud am ddigon cynhyrchu… Ond dwi'n bwysig fel y holler iawn y dos, a yna'r gwybodaeth bod y gallwn gwneud er mwyn y ddelchau. Mae'n gweithio'n cofnod am rhan i siwming. Mae no i gefnogau, mae'n gweithio'n cefnogau.  Ond iddyn nhw'n mynd i ddweud hynny i gael gwyffaeth o'r haes y bobl弟 13 g챽. A oeddech chi ysbryd o gyda'r ysbryd a'r erbyn. Llywodraeth i dweud o'r bwneud hynny o'r hynny – mae'n gweithio gwyffio i gael gallu'r yng Nghymru, I hope I got that bit right.  Rooms are really nice, food's been good, it's got a great, it's eight floors all facing that way looking out of the sea. And I don't want to make this an advert, but it's seriously, it's a real nice place to stay. It's been very, very good indeed, so make sure you have a look at that. If you consider playing this golf course, it's a perfect linking. This is right on it, you know. This is right on it. Sit. Oh, oh, sit and stop. Ping G4105 iron.  Irons don't stop and spin. This is downwind. More importantly, let's have a look at the hole. How much is this remind you of Pebble Beach? Look at that. I've not been to Pebble Beach, but that's what I expect to see when I get there. And I found it in Tenerife. What a golf course, Sefi. Can't believe that just went in. I was praying that went in to give my homage to Sefi's fist bump there. Sefi's magic hands, as you well know, everybody's heard about those. Those Spanish hands, he produced so much magic in and around the golf course. They've got this little bit of a display going on in the entrance to Buena Vista club, where there's plenty of memorabilia. This club opened in 2003. It's only one of, there's 26 courses that have been designed by Sefi. Only one on the island of Tenerife, and this is it. And that little bus there of his hands is pretty special, to be fair, because they were magic hands, let's be fair. And as I say, I can't believe that put went on in this green on this par three, which is one of the standout holes. It's a great golf course full stop, but obviously the sort of ocean views on this side on the back nine really make these things sort of stand out, I suppose. But the design is really good. Plainir cambers and run-offs and swales. It's almost got a kind of, in a humps and bumps, you've got a links feel to it. Perched on the ocean, you've got the wind that always comes in to make this a tough old test, but it's a top, top track this. And like I said, maybe for me just that little bit more special from being designed by the man himself. We just talked about great design in the 16th. You're literally perched on the, on the ocean top in terms of the tee shot, you can feel a wind in my back now. Then you look across and you talk about course design, plenty of trouble down the right hand side so you can't bail out. There's no bail out zone.  So it's one of them things again where again about clever design, it forces you into playing a good shot. And if it's not a good shot, you're probably going to get punished one way or another. I'll probably get punished one way or another. Let's see how we get on. Right final hole. Let's see if we can finish off in a bit of style. You can't see it. If you can see a top of some water there, that's a top of a little fountain. There's a pond in front of the green and between me and the flag. It's pretty much from 50 yards in. It's all water. So we're going to straight line to the flag. It's 155. I picked it up because I wanted you to see it in the backdrop of the mountains and that's right online for the flag, whether the yardage is right. We'll soon find out because it's either right on the flag or right in the water if it's short. I think that one's the savvy in it to finish off with that. A bit of pitchfark is. It's right online for the flag. Well never mind, didn't quite get the birdie finish. That would have been too much to ask, but it was still a great way to end this round at Boone of Eastergolf for what a golf course it is. I don't need to say anything I don't think. You've seen it all for yourself. It's been a great stay up there and I think maybe the only thing I can say is gracias sevi. It's a great design, a great golf course and I've enjoyed every minute of it and I even got a sevi fist pump in there as well.


Next question is from Linzeman. Am I too old to get into powerlifting? Nope. Next question You know training for maximal strength There's a higher anytime you're training for maximum performance in any categories a higher risk of injury But if you do it right Powerlifting can be appropriate for anybody regardless of age. It depends on the individual I do want to know how old this individual is just out of curiosity because I mean I've I've taught somebody like that was like 60 years old how to basically do those types of compound lifts that that are in our powerlifting program, but not necessarily like maxing out or like it's just really learning the technique of it first and I think that's beneficial for any age. It's just all a matter of application Well, look how old Doug is Doug does powerlifting moves, you know, so all the time so there's an example right there Someone older than dirt that actually So, yeah, no, I think I think I think too when we hear powerlifting I think people just assume that it has to be like, you know, five competition five hundred seven hundred pounds like you could be lifting a hundred pounds and that could be powerlifting for you You know, so it doesn't necessarily mean You do what is is it's a heavy load for you and train some of the base They're just the core lifts right that you're focusing on improving I think it has a tremendous amount of value. In fact, I wish I wish Understood powerlifting principles at a younger age and would have gotten into it earlier because I think that had I done that Early, it would have probably carried over into my, you know, my Stetics and building muscle later on that I cared more about the prerequisites definitely apply I mean like if you if you build your way up, so it's it's it's at it's at a higher tier in terms of like Like what you're gonna try and like set a goal to get to It's how I would look at it if you're you know getting up there in age but do you guys remember that little old lady that was the powerlifter that like Had a home invasion and then threw the guy down. Oh, yeah And then like pinned him in the cops came like like shit like that Like I just love to see that and I love to see, you know People that are still after it and really, you know, like challenging themselves physically and what that can still provide Well, one of the best ways for you to preserve muscle as you get older be training this way Absolutely, I so I trained a lot of people in advanced age and when it was appropriate I trained them I would go through phases of heavy strength training three reps four reps I would even do singles when it was appropriate. Here's the thing Training a particular way. There are prerequisites that determine whether or not it's appropriate age Only only as a factor because it could potentially contribute to the other prerequisites So what do I mean by that? Well, you need to have a certain amount of mobility and stability Before I'm going to train you with heavy loads Can age influence that it can but age by itself doesn't matter, you know I can train somebody and I have trained somebody who's in their 70s who has excellent stability and mobility Who I would train heavy all the time my old client jim who actually helped dug and I film The first maps anabolic program. We used to do singles and doubles and triples all the time He was in his 70s extremely fit extremely strong A tremendous amount of muscle on his on his body and he was what you would consider an ectomorph I mean the guy got his testosterone levels checked and he was always in the six to seven hundred range And it was just appropriate. So powerlifting is appropriate when it's appropriate Well, it's also the other end of the spectrum is true, too Like I've had clients that I've trained they're 25 years old that have no business powerlifting because they have incredibly Terrible posture. They have no stability and they just don't have good mechanics So they're not somebody who I would want to load You know a squat a deadlift an overhead press or a chest press really really heavy until I addressed all those things So you're right age doesn't really have anything to do with it It really depends on where you where you're currently at in your in your fitness in the old adage You use it or you lose it is very very true What does that mean that means if you stop practicing something or you stop doing something You lose the ability to do that So, you know an extreme example if you were to lay in bed for the next 10 or 15 years your ability to walk Would probably Be gone or it would be significantly hampered You would you would have a very tough time getting up and walking after laying in bed that long if as you get older If you lose the ability to exert You know strength through a you know maximal strength, right? You lose the ability to lift a heavy load For two or three reps You'll lose it because you don't practice it Could that be a skill that's valuable to somebody in that age group? Absolutely. You know if you want to remain independent Through old age that means that you know you may need to move the couch On your own or the kitchen table or a chair or lift heavy heavy groceries So this is a skill you don't want to lose You just got to be careful and you got to do it the right way But if it's done properly, here's a wonderful thing about resistance training If it's done properly and if it's appropriate, it's always a good idea If those two things are met, then it's always a good idea regardless of age


On this episode of The George Show, we're going to read your comments right here. And we're going to unbox YouTube. Look behind me. That is the gift we received from YouTube. Let's see what's inside. Let's start with that. So, this was given to us by YouTube as a gift for the new 2016 year. And here's what's inside. What's the guess? Tell me in the comments below before you see it. It is a bottle of wine. A very nicely etched bottle, which I will open soon. And then we'll get to reading your comments. So here it is. Can you see that? Yes. So I think I will open this with other people so we can celebrate. This isn't just for me in another episode. And on this episode, we're going to focus on you, your comments. So here we go. So this was from yesterday's episode, which is Where Was George in the Land of Spam? And if you missed that episode, click that I up there to see it. You'll get to see it. Now let's read the comments. So Smirky said, glad you're back and I got a spam score of 2%.  How is that bad? Well, remember, this is an indicator. This isn't a guarantee. So typically spammers would upload full length movies or full length TV shows, which are typically longer than 20 minutes. So that is an indicator of spam just because you have videos longer than 20 minutes. And if you're not uploading copyright material, let's say you're just doing long let's plays, then that's totally fine. And you can ignore that spam indicator. So again, the spam indicator doesn't know if you're uploading 20 minutes of copyright content, it's just knows that typically longer videos can be copyright. So it's definitely an indicator, not a guarantee. So Sanchan asked, can you help me with channel verification? And I actually replied to him and said, sure, we can help. And in fact, we did. His channel is now successfully verified. And in a few days, the verification mark will appear on his channel. Congrats, Sanchan. So there's a few more spam scores. Kratos was talking about whether I was kidnapped on a deserted island. He was questioning whether maybe I was not kidding about being about kidding. Thank you for that comment, Kratos. Someone had an idea for Freedom Food, a community channel where we can show each other different foods and recipes. Great idea. Show us an example. We would love to work with anyone who's focused on culinary delights who thinks they can run Freedom Branded Food Network. Dysectra was 1%. Dysectra is one of our most loyal followers. He's comments on every single video. Well done, Dysectra. So let's look for something else. CyberAce said awesome tool. He's talking about www.spam.tm. And he's glad to see us back. And Ian is a good friend of mine. CyberAce. I've known him for many years. Hey, Ian. So we have a question about burst uploads. What does that mean for the spam indicators? Let's look at the replies. So it just means that you're uploading a lot of videos in a short amount of time. Again, it's an indicator of spam because usually they use robots to upload like 50 videos in a day. Now, if you're doing that legitimately, maybe you've done a 50 part Let's Play episode in one day, then you can ignore that rule. Again, it's just an indicator to help you know what YouTube is looking at in terms of indicators for possible spam activity. So this person was asking, how do I get the verification tick on my channel? Well, let's have a look at your channel, shall we? So your channel has almost 7,000 subscribers. Well done. And you are a channel focused on gaming. And you have a Google Plus page, I think, because you need a Google Plus page to get verified. You actually get verified on Google Plus if you didn't know that. And the YouTube channel just inherits that. So I actually don't see a Google Plus page for you here. Do you have one? And if not, please create one. And then you could request verification by opening a ticket on our support portal, which is at freedom.support.tm. Hope that helps. Let's go back to the next comment. Can someone explain to me how having the same amount of views classifies you a spam? So again, this is an indicator. When a spammer uses a bot to generate views, they may have programmed the bot to always create like 3,000 views. So if we see a lot of videos all with 3,000 views, that is an indicator of potential bot activity. Now, if you just happen to have 3,000 views in all your videos organically, well, that's OK. Then you can ignore that indicator. You're also asking Melebro. Apparently Patreon is counted as a download link. So again, download links are typically used to like say, click here to download this movie or click here to get the crack for this game. So that is considered spammy or bad actor behavior. But if you're providing download links to legitimate things like, hey, I just gave you a free template for your video production, click here to download it. That's of course legitimate and if you do a lot of those, you can ignore this spam indicator because you're not spamming, you're providing helpful links. 8% is not bad. Anything between 10 and 20% is a warning sign. Anything above 20% is a bad warning sign and you should really try to reduce it by looking at how to improve based on the spam indicators. Kizo said, glad to see you're back. Thank you, Kizo. Right, so here's another comment about the longer than 20 minutes. It's just an indicator because spammers tend to have copyright content that's longer than 20 minutes. But if you don't, just ignore it. Someone's at 15%, again the 20 minute marker. Someone is asking me why they can't see the Learn More button on your dashboard. So they mean the YouTube dashboard and that's when you join Freedom, you will have a Learn More button to complete the partnership process. So I replied to this person and I said, it's fixed. Just look at your dashboard and click Learn More and I hope you do that, Tiger Champ. It says the website is not available. What do I do? Which website do you mean and what was the error message? www.spam.tm or a different website? VIPMANYT, please answer that. Someone has a 0% spam score. Way to go, saucy Saturday. Let's go look at your channel, shall we? So you have 38,000 subscribers. That's a big channel and you are teaching people how to make a relaxation drink as your default video. That sounds like an interesting video. I'll go watch it after we finish making this video. Okay, let's go, let's continue on. Is there a way you could improve the communication process between partners and freedom workers? The ticket system is really awkward. You don't really get much understanding at the end talking to a freedom employee. Well, can you give me a specific example, JD Barnes? The ticket system is designed to make it easy for us to track all of the questions so no one's question gets lost. And if it is awkward, what do you suggest instead? Right now we are using freshdesk.com as our ticketing system. And we've white-labeled it, of course, as freedom.support.tm. But how can we make it less awkward? Tell me in the comments below this video. Where was George? This was at the start. Not a big deal. Ah, so I should have said where was George. Sorry about that. Thanks for catching. Actually, I already applied to you, didn't I, geeky division? Thank you for correcting me. You guys really need to step up your game in terms of video quality. These kinds of videos do not look professional at all. So I'm not okay. It wouldn't be as bad if freedom acted like a network.  Well, tell us how we don't act like a network and we will try to improve Andrew Rusher. Yeah, EdWeird asked the same question. I just did. So one boom pj. We always look to improve the quality of our videos. We are investing in new equipment. We're going to be bringing in a 4K camera and better lighting as well as acoustics. So you should see quality improve over time. Oh my, that green screen is fuzzy. Yes, we know the green screen needs some work. I've just restarted the George show a couple of days ago, so we are working on it. Please let us know if you notice improvement over time, GG Maniac. Go through the full process of setting up your account to get paid for your content. Well, that I think will need a separate video, Pepsi Clutch. But in general, you just need to go to www.freedom.tm and then just start the partnership process when you are accepted. You will receive an email and then you will need to input your PayPal email address into the profile page of your freedom dashboard. And you will need to accept the invitation on your YouTube dashboard at youtube.com slash dashboard when it comes in. But we'll email you when that happens.  All right, ashaws. Well done, 0% is very impressive. Let's take a look at your channel.   You have very nice thumbnails, very engaging, very colorful. Well done. Let's continue. Excellent tool, George. Thanks. You're welcome. It's Kapow. So we have a question from WeLoveComics. WeLoveComics would like to know, he's been a partner with Freedom for about three months and I see that Freedom is mostly video game channels. I have a comic book channel. I was wondering if what you guys can do to help promote my channel so I can get more subscribers and views. The reason I ask is because the more views that a channel gets, the more revenue your company enjoys. Well, it's because we're on a revenue share deal so we're equally incentivized to help each other grow. Yes. So we certainly can. We have a VIP program. WeLoveComics. And we are also always negotiating brand deals where we can feature certain channels based on the brand deal. So since you are a comic book channel, let's have a look at your channel. We certainly can help you grow faster through brand deals. Excuse me, guys.  I just got this cold yesterday and I'm trying to kick it. So as I was saying, your channel is on comic books, which is great. And now that you've let us know, we will contact you if any brand deals come up that are looking for this kind of content. Freedom might have a chance now. Well, thank you for that vote of confidence, MCOD 1999. How is my spam score so high? Well, tell us how high it is and what elements are high so we can help you mesh. Okay, let's keep going. What's happening with the freedom stocks? Can you give us an update? Much appreciated. So as many of you have seen in the past, I created a couple of videos talking about the Freedom Stock Option Program where we want to give you the entire freedom family with certain restrictions, of course, not someone who joins yesterday but people who've been with us for a long time, the option to get free for free stock options. And the principle is you are helping freedom grow to our goal of IPO on NASDAQ. So shouldn't you participate in the upside if we have a successful IPO? Well, of course, I think you should. And so the way we will do that is by offering stock options to deserving channels. Now, I haven't released any updates yet because we don't have any updates to share. As soon as we do, I will be sure to let everybody know but also know that everything you do counts. Right. Everything you do counts. So if you're posting on the forums, if you're replying in the comments, if you are growing your channel, working with other freedom partners, helping them grow, all of this counts and that will all factor into the future stock option program that we would like to roll out to every deserving freedom partner. I hope this helps give you an update on Exotic TV. So I think this video is getting a little long. I don't know how many of you are still watching so I think I will need to wrap it up soon. But if you like these kinds of videos, tell me in the comments below so I can make more if you want more of them. And I'll read the rest of these comments to the end of this section. So you mean that you were getting, you were away doing this spam thing that has barely been in operation for a short while now? Well, Gaming with Jolens, actually YouTube told us about this upcoming new set of rules many, many months before they actually came into effect. So of course, as soon as we were notified, I had to drop everything and focus on this problem so that we could be in good standing as a network. So of course we are in good standing as a network and everything is fine, but I started working on this at the time when I stopped making videos on The George Show. I hope that helps answer your question. So let's look for the next question. You probably should update the outro bit where George says the grow together bit. Well, it has been the same outro for a very long time. I agree, Jelly Scrub, and I think we can update it. We just haven't spent the time to do so, but it's a good suggestion. And someone commented Jelly Scrub said that George looks different. Do I look older or how do I look different? Please let me know in the comments below. Hey, I'm a new Freedom Partner. I've been struggling late to get some subscribers and I wondered if my Freedom Family could help me out there. Thank you. Bye. Well, let's have a look at your channel. Lake Loll. So Lake Loll has 55 subscribers. His focus appears to be on gameplay. I actually thought your focus would have been on League of Legends because of the Loll in your channel title, but I see it means laughing out loud. So your focus seems to be on Minecraft, which is great, and I see you have... You don't have custom thumbnails, so you may want to try creating custom thumbnails with your brand and maybe your face. I also recommend putting your face into your videos so your audience can get to know you better and get to see you. That will help you build a loyal subscriber base, I think. I hope this helps. So I really do hope someone wakes the hell up and jumps at this opportunity to become a very famous direct competitor to this failure called YouTube. Raging Gamer. I understand you may be frustrated by all these new rules that YouTube is rolling out with, but keep in mind that YouTube is trying to operate at scale, which means they have so many partners, so many advertisers, so many different moving parts that they do need to create rules to manage everything because they can't become just like a spam fest or a home of many bad actors. Otherwise, advertisers would not want to advertise on the platform. So the question of whether they go too far, it's a good question, but we all try to help each other in whatever rules may come out in the future because YouTube is a very good ecosystem. I've been on it now for many, many years and I think it has huge growth potential even still today, so let's work together as a family and if we have issues, we can solve them together as well. Most people use hack and to have lots of like and subscribers. Well, that's part of YouTube's effort to close channels down who are using these techniques to artificially inflate their likes and subscribers. So if you are using it, stop because I think you will get caught sooner or later and I hope I don't have to tell you I told you so. Okay. Hey, George. Stunios would like to know what's going on with Freedom Points. They've been in beta for quite a while now and I really want to get up to that 110%. Well, this is something that I have to personally apologize for because, of course, my intention was to have Freedom Points out a long time ago where you can do good things to improve the freedom community and in exchange get rewarded with points that you can redeem for up to 110% revenue share for any month of your choosing. So those have not been out as you've said. They've been in beta for a very long time but they are still on our to-do list and certain things like new YouTube rules set us back because they take higher priority but they still are on our goal to launch Freedom Points. Bee Bunny Gaming said I still don't understand the spam score thing because there are plenty of even larger channels with a score above 10. In fact, I find you typically find more channels that are above 10 than you do below 10. I can understand scores being above 20 or even 30. That is the time I feel one should be concerned and try to lower it. 40 and above should be the only time channels are being shut down though. Remember this is not a YouTube score. This is a score we create based on our experience in identifying bad actors. So it's not like there isn't any official number that says if you're more than X you're going to get closed. These are all just indicators that are meant to help you improve your channel by following best practices like adding an avatar, putting in social links, things that show you are actively involved in your channel and you're not a robot or you're not automation. So consider these numbers as indicators. There's no clear 20 means X. 20 just means there's things that you can do to lower it. So we recommend you try to do those things. We must kidnap you George. No gamer is suggesting. Bring it on! Excuse me. Now I'm joking. I hope you don't try to kidnap me. What's up with freedom stocks? Okay, we've already answered that question before. And let's continue. Someone said they're 100% spam. I really doubt it. But if you are, well, yeah, I don't think the channel is. Okay, so I think that's it. Of course, there are more. But as I said, I think the video is getting a little bit long. Do you like these kinds of videos? A little change of pace? Tell me in the comments below and of course I will make more if you do. So who am I? I am George, CEO and founder of freedom. And you've been watching the George show the what do we call this kind of episode? The video comments are us. Are you? Episode. Alright, take care guys. Till next time. And if you like this video, do click the like button. It helps a lot. And if you like this channel, like this content, then subscribe to this channel. Just click that little red subscribe button beneath this video. Take care. Bye-bye.


Hey everyone! Welcome back to Six Sisters Stuff. Today I'm sharing with you a delicious Christmas breakfast in your Instant Pot. So I'm Kristen. I am sister number two from SixSistersStuff.com and I love cooking things in my Instant Pot. Now if you don't have an Instant Pot, don't worry. I have a recipe for you that you can cook it in your oven, but if you want to try some new fun recipes in your Instant Pot, this one is a perfect one. So if you are new to this channel, don't forget to subscribe and push that little bell because every Monday I'm sharing with you a new Instant Pot recipe. So if you are getting an Instant Pot or if you have an Instant Pot, come follow along. I am sharing all kinds of tips and tricks and of course recipes. All right you guys, let's head on into the kitchen over to the Instant Pot and I'll show you how to make this delicious Christmas breakfast.  So we're going to start with six tablespoons of butter, one cook-in-serve butterscotch jello. Now this is the 3.5 ounce and you have to get the cook-in-serve so it will work the best. Then you have one half cup of chopped pecans and then on to one half cup of brown sugar. And the last thing to make this recipe is that you need 16 frozen rolls. Now these are Parker House rolls. I also like to get the Rhodes rolls. So what you're going to do is put them in the bag or put them in a plastic bag and let them thaw. Now usually if you bake this in the oven you're going to cook it in a bundt pan, but my bundt pan does not fit in my Instant Pot. You can get some that fit in Instant Pot and they can work, but because mine doesn't fit I'm going to use this two tiered pan. I'll put a link in the description for you. This two tiered pan is one of my most favorite things to have. Alright, hi Sarah. We are going to melt the butter. That's the very first step and you're going to push that aside. So next I'm going to spray my pans with cooking spray or with a pan. You want to coat them really well on the bottom so your sauce doesn't stick. Next you're going to split up your pecans. A fourth cup will go in one and a fourth a cup will go in the other pan. Now we're moving on to the rolls. Now I let mine rise a little too much.  If they get too sticky that means they've thawed a little too long, but that's okay. They'll still work. So I'm going to cut each roll into fourths. Then you're going to start filling up your pans. So I did eight rolls in one pan and eight rolls in the other one. So yes, these are really sticky. So the less thawed they are, the less sticky they're going to be. Alright, I've got eight rolls that I've cut up into fourths and I've put into the pan. So now I'm ready to add half the package of putting mixture. So I just use my hands and just kind of measure with my fingers and pour about half of the package in. You want to spread it around the best that you can and cover all the rolls. If you don't get all of them, that's okay. It will still taste really well once the pressure hits it and everything will combine well together. Alright, we're going to add our brown sugar into our butter and then just mix that up really well. Alright, so when that mixture is all mixed together pretty well, you're going to pour half of it on top of your rolls. Now you don't have to be too worried that it's not spread around perfectly because it's actually going to seek down into the bottom. Alright, let's hurry and do this other pan. I cut up my rolls, I'm going to put on my pudding, then you just want to spoon on the other half of the butter and sugar mixture. Now when you're all done, you're just going to put the lid on top. Now these pans come with a little handy dandy thing that will help you lower into the instant pot. So I'm just going to connect it and we are ready to go. So in my instant pot, I'm just going to add one cup of water and then I'm going to lower my pans into the pot. So go ahead and put your lid on and turn it and make sure that the little knob is on ceiling, not venting. So now I'm going to go down to manual or if you don't have a manual button, it's the pressure cook button on your right hand lower side and we are going to go up to 30 minutes. This one says 20 but it really is 30. I had to cook it a little bit longer. Now when it's all done, go ahead and do the quick release.  All right. I'm going to take my pan out of my other pan and go ahead and try and dump as much water off the lid as possible. Now this is going to be really hot. So make sure you use a hot pad and yeah, it is done. Now you can see the caramel went all the way to the bottom. That's exactly what I wanted it to do. Now I call it caramel, but it really is a butterscotch mixture, which is so delicious. All right.  Now, if you have a bundt pan, you would put a plate on and flip it with these little guys. I did the same thing. I just put my plate on it and flipped it over so you can see all the good stuff. So when your pan is upside down, make sure you knock on it to get it all the way off of the bottom of the pan and there you have it. Now, if it's stuck a little bit to the bottom of the pan, you can take a fork or spoon, go ahead and scrape that off and put it right back on to your little Christmas monkey bread. Now I'm going to try and show you a closer look because this is just gooey and delicious and perfect for a Christmas morning breakfast. All right, you guys, that is all I have for you today. Thank you so much for stopping by and don't forget, if you're new here, subscribe to this channel and push the little bell so you can get the notifications every time I post a new recipe or video to YouTube. All right, you guys, I'll see you next week. Bye.


Child malnutrition, caused by poverty, disease, lack of education and adverse climatic conditions, contributes to more than half of deaths in children worldwide and is a serious developmental threat. A multi-sectoral approach involving government policy improvement, corruption fight, community level implementation, and genetically modified foods adoption is necessary to solve this problem. This article was authored by Luchwa Engelbat-Bin, Pascal Kamawa, and Jaya Jarodin, and others.


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we are going to learn how to recognize inequalities and solutions of inequalities and we shall also learn how to represent solutions on the number line. How can we write the given statement mathematically? The number of chocolates in a packet are more than 20. Here let the number of chocolates be x. Now we are given more than 20. It means greater than 20. So we write the number of chocolates that is x is greater than 20. There are a few phrases that help us to recognize inequalities from statements. Now for symbols like less than greater than less than or equal to greater than or equal to we have a few phrases like for less than we have less than and is fewer than. Similarly for greater than we have greater than and is more than for less than or equal to we have is less than or equal to is at most is no more than and for greater than or equal to we have is greater than or equal to is at least is no less than. Now let's say Alice have at most 100 dollars in her pocket and out of these she wants to buy two dresses of 40 dollars each but she also wants to buy as many pairs of earrings that she can buy of 10 dollars each. Here how can Alice figure out how many pairs of earrings she can buy? For this we can form an inequality. Here we have Alice has at most 100 dollars in her pocket at most 100 dollars means Alice has 100 dollars or less in her pocket that is less than or equal to sign. With this Alice can set up an inequality to determine how many pairs of earrings she can buy. First she spends 40 dollars each on two dresses that is two dresses would cost her two into 40 dollars that is two into 40 which is equal to 80 dollars as she wants to find the number of pairs of earrings so she can take this unknown number as X so let the number of pairs of earrings be X then the inequality becomes 80 that is the cost for two dresses plus 10 into X as the cost of X number of pairs of earrings each of 10 dollars will be 10 X is less than or equal to 100 so we got the inequality as 80 plus 10 X is less than equal to 100. Now she can easily find the number of pairs of earrings now we are going to learn how we can solve an inequality by using addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Suppose that X plus 5 is greater than 10 is an inequality that we want to solve for X to solve this inequality for X we shall keep X on one side of the inequality in order to do this we shall subtract 5 from both the sides of the inequality we have this inequality that is X plus 5 is greater than 10 when we subtract 5 from both the sides we get X is greater than 10 minus 5 that is 5 so we get X greater than 5 the solution of this inequality this was a simple inequality that could be solved in one step. Now if we consider the inequality found in the example above we have 80 plus 10 X is less than equal to 100 here X is the number of pairs of earrings that Alice wants to buy so in this inequality we want to find the value of X so we try to keep X alone on one side of the inequality so we subtract 80 from both the sides and we get 10 X is less than equal to 20. Now we divide both sides by 10 as on dividing both sides by a positive number will not change the sign of the inequality and therefore we get 10 X by 10 is less than equal to 20 upon 10 which implies that X is less than or equal to 2 so we can conclude that here X that is the number of pairs of earrings at most 2 the inequality was 80 plus is less than equal to 100 and the solution to this inequality is given by X is less than or equal to 2 so we can say this inequality has a two step solution obtained by using addition and then division now let us plot the solution on the number line first we draw a number line with positive numbers to the right of 0 and negative numbers to the left of 0 now here is the number line with positive integers to the right of 0 and negative integers to the left of 0 as in the above example we have the inequality that is X is less than equal to 2 so we mark 2 on the number line with a closed dot as X is less than or equal to 2 and 2 is included in the solution and then we shape the portion to the left of 2 as all numbers to the left of 2 will be less than 2 thus from the number line we can see that an inequality has more than one solution here all numbers less than or equal to 2 its solution if the inequality was X less than 2 then 2 would be marked with an open dot as 2 would not have been included then and in this way X is less than 2 will be shown on the number line let us take one more example suppose we want to solve this equation that is 2X plus 5 is greater than 3 for X for this we first subtract 5 from both the sides that is we have the equation 2X plus 5 is greater than 3 and we subtract 5 from both the sides so we get 2X is greater than minus 2 as 3 minus 5 will be equal to minus of 2 now we divide by 2 on both the sides and we get 2X upon 2 is greater than minus 2 upon 2 and therefore we get X is greater than minus 1 and this is the solution now let us plot it on the number line and here is the number line in which positive integers are to the right of 0 and negative integers are to the left of 0 now we have to plot X greater than minus 1 on this number line here we mark minus 1 with an open dot on the number line as minus 1 is not included now we set the portion on the right of minus 1 as X is greater than minus 1 in which all the numbers greater than minus 1 are included we should note that when we multiply or divide an inequality by a negative quantity then finally inequality will get reversed here we take an example if we have to solve the equation that is 3 minus 2X is greater than 5 for this first we subtract 3 from both the sides so we have the equation that is 3 minus 2X is greater than 5 and if we subtract 3 from both the sides we get minus of 2X is greater than 5 minus 3 that is 2 now we can solve this inequality by the following method first add 2X to both the sides and therefore we get minus 2X plus 2X is greater than 2 plus 2X which is equal to 0 is greater than 2 plus 2X now we subtract 2 from both the sides to make X alone on one side of the inequality and therefore we get 0 minus 2 is greater than 2 plus 2X minus 2 which is equal to 0 minus 2 is minus 2 is greater than 2X and now we divide both the sides by 2 and we get minus 2 by 2 is greater than 2X by 2 which is equal to minus 1 is greater than X and minus 1 is greater than X is the required solution of the inequality if we consider the above inequality again and if we divide both the sides by minus 2 we get minus 2X by minus 2 is greater than 2 by minus 2 which is equal to is greater than minus 1 in our previous result we have called that X is less than minus 1 and here we get X is greater than minus 1 so we can say this is not the right method to solve inequality and our answer is wrong and if we compare this answer with our previous answer which is correct then we can clearly see that if we multiply or divide an inequality by any negative quantity then sign of the inequality will get reversed let us take one more example in this we know that 5 is greater than 2 but we also know that minus 5 is less than minus 2 so we can clearly see that if we multiply an inequality by any negative quantity that is minus 1 in this example then sign of the inequality will get reversed this completes our session hope you enjoyed this session