So, far we have discussed about machinery condition mounting in the sense signal processing and then how through vibration mounting we are able to find out faults in mechanical systems. Now, we will begin the module 4 of this course wherein we will be discussing the other techniques of machinery condition monitoring that is normally the wear debris analysis as it is known as and then we have the other condition mounting techniques like the motor current signature analysis and how non-destructive test NDT techniques like you know ultrasonics, radiography, acoustic emission are also thermography are also used to find out faults in machines. Usually you know about 70 percent of the cases are in in condition monitoring are through vibration analysis and inversely throughout surveys in the industry it has been found that usually the other 20 percent actually belongs to this category which we will be discussing in today's lecture on contaminant analysis and then the subsequent lecture on oil analysis. How basically we analyze the oil the lubricating oil and the debris which are deposited in them by examining them we can find out whether the machine is deteriorating fast or slow and so on. So, I will be discussing on contaminant analysis as you know the tribology is a study of friction lubrication and wear in a mechanism or machines for example, when we have two machine members interacting with each other there is a normal force on to them and this surfaces may not be smooth as I showed you in the case of the bearings they may have a surface roughness and usually to and once these two components rub against each other because the application of load we actually put a layer of lubricant. So, the purpose of this lubricant is to reduce the friction I have to reduce friction because reduction of friction between two meeting machine members means that the forces of the power consumed to move them will reduce because of the friction friction can be reduced by closing this asperities in these surfaces by having this lubricants here. But in the process what happens these particles here also wear out because of loading because of abrasion so on and these particles wear particles get deposited they get deposited in the lubricating oil. So, two very important things happen because of this process in any machine. So, this happens in any or every machine meeting members example gears meeting shaft and bearing could be bush could be journal could be anti friction. So, when two materials meet against each other they rub against each other there will be lot of heat generation and because one may be softer than the other.  So, what happens is two important things happen number one because of such an process the wear particles or which we call them as the contaminants get deposited in the oil. So, the concentration of the wear particles the nature of the wear particles the rate at which they have been deposited in the oil gives us some clue as to what is wrong with the parent material from which they have worn out because of may be excessive load because of less lubrication because of temperature effects. So, these are factors which are responsible for the wearing out of these particles from the meeting members. Now, understanding where these wear particles came up came up from we can know whether the parent material was may be poorly designed was of a softer material was did not have proper heat treatment was not lubricated was subjected to higher temperature. So, these are the scenarios which we need to investigate and then also knowing from the chemical composition of the wear particles if it has say for example, if it has come out of a general bearing if you see lot of zinc or tin or lead we know this bearing is wearing out faster than it supposed to be. So, this gives us indication as to how why and how or how quickly the machine is deteriorating. Then the next of course, happens is once this wear particles get deposited in the oil will undergo a change in its physical and chemical properties because the virgin oil you know by mean virgin oil I mean the oil which was you know new and which has not been used in machine. It has certain physical properties like its density like viscosity like its oxidation number etcetera. So, once these contaminants get deposited in the oil it will its properties are going to change its properties are this properties are going to change this properties change. So, if somebody monitors this properties we will know that something has gone wrong with the machine it is very similar. So, this contaminant analysis which you are going to discuss in today's lecture and in the oil analysis in the subsequent lecture basically they are like pathological tests which we do when we go to the doctor like we do an urine analysis or in the blood sample analysis. Similarly, for the machines we also need to look into this wear particles and oil analysis. Now, throughout the world worldwide I should tell that again 70 percent of CBM condition based maintenance is done through vibration monitoring and these are from statistical information which is available in the literature. And 20 percent is what is known as the wear and debris analysis which is essentially nothing but the contaminant analysis and oil analysis. And the remaining 10 percent is other techniques and that makes it 100 percent. So, in this other techniques I have what is known as the motor current signature analysis then we have what is known as the thermography then we have the ultrasonics some of them are the and non-destructive test techniques like X-ray or radiography acoustic emission then we have dye penetrant test then we have boroscopy etcetera these are the non-destructive NDT. So, this form about 10 percent of the CBM throughout the world recently what has happened this motor current signature analysis has become leading technique in finding out CBM and we in IIT Kallapur have done some of the pioneering research in motor current signature analysis to basically find out faults in mechanical systems using the current drawn by the electrical motor which is driving either the gearbox or the mechanical driven unit. And details about this research can be found in my website and in fact in the subsequent classes we will be referring you to some of the experiments on literature which we have published in these areas. So, what today as I was telling you we will focus more in this contaminant analysis in this class. So, with this kind of an preview let us see what is this contaminant analysis we are going to talk about. So, as you will see here the contaminants or the wear debris have certain characteristics one is the quantity of course, if the quantity is high in a given composition usually they are measured in parts per million say this wear debris are measured in PPM parts per million. And if you will know if you go back to the familiar bathtub curve what is going to happen is you have the infant mortality zone and then the uniform failure rate and then towards this end you have this wear out zone. And what happens suddenly at a given time if you see that the wear debris parts have increased or increasing with time you know that the defect severity has increased. So, in the laboratory where you do the contaminant analysis by the way this contaminant analysis etcetera cannot be done in situ that means next to the machine like when you have vibration monitoring you just put a vibration transducer next to the machine and record the signal and do an analysis and tell the where the fault is in contaminant analysis or in oil analysis you cannot do that all is you have to collect the oil like we collect on blood or a urine sample and send it to a pathological lab similarly in this machines also you have to collect the oil in which the contaminants are there give the entire sample to a lab where in they will be doing the contaminant analysis they are in where they will check the severity by calculating the quantity of the particles present for example, in every month you see the PPM of may be zinc in a machine component. So, in the first month end of the first month, second month, third month, fourth month, fifth month after every month you will be collecting the oil sample and giving it to a lab and suddenly it began with you know this is about you know two parts from three parts again two parts this could happen because of measurement error once it is three then again it is coming down, but you know four five and constantly five and then you see suddenly and you see towards the end this is when you need to be get alarmed because of high levels of zinc well, but then you may be wondering who decides who decides what is an alarm level well, this depends on many things this depends on the machine of course this depends on the operating parameters like speed, load, temperature machine could be a gear box, blower etcetera. So, for these there are standards, there are standards or industries have made their own standards based on their experience they say you know if I get more than 15 PPM of zinc I should be alarmed that the machine has undergone a severe failure. So, this severity is actually the severity level of the alarm level is actually decided by the user himself or herself. Now, what happens the next point is size of the particle you know we are getting size of the particles you know this where debris are they come in many forms you know one could be laminar strips, one could be irregular shaped particle, one could be spears, some could be curled strips because this actually leads to the morphology of the where are particles, but the rate is very important because what will happen we have some having may be 5 micron size suddenly if the surface has worn out so much that I am getting large boulders large spears. Good example of this is you know you have a fresh road nicely metal road and then initially you know you have lot of loose asphalt and with time you will see suddenly you will get big chunks big spears big rocks loose asphalt small rocks then you have big rocks then you will have you know boulders coming out. If you do not treat this road asphaltic road no treatment is done with time because of weathering conditions you will initially have loose asphalt coming out then the gravels and the rocks then the big rocks followed by boulders. Similarly, so the same thing happens in machines as well you will have you know small strips coming out small spears coming out if it goes untreated you will have you know big components coming out big spears coming out and so on. So, the size will decide on the rate of severity of this where depth is ok. So, with time you will see that the particle size may be it was 5 microns to begin with and then it became 20 or 10 microns and so on.  The chip morphology tells us regarding the type of machining I am sure all of you must have seen while you while you machine from mild steel specimen you will get curl chips ok when you have cast iron you will get broken steel pieces. There is no continuous strip here, but here you will get broken steel. So, this tells us about the operation of course you know here we are making it happen, but in machines because of wear and tear we will get this particles coming out. So, some particles could be like a sphere some particles could be like a strip some particles could be like a sphere some particles could be curled curved some particles may be having lot of holes on them and so on. So, depending on the morphology of this way or not particles you know of course you know we cannot see them in our naked eyes. So, we need to use optical microscope to begin with and then we have to magnify them to see them. And then the most important part is the composition of the wear debris particles the composition of the wear debris particles will tell us what is the parent material in terms of the composition whether it is in a lot of iron lot of zinc lot of chromium lot of sulphur lot of silicon ok. We know for example a good example is silicon ok the sand grains or the dirt actually have silicon silica. Suddenly in the contaminants I find lot of silicon or sand grain coming up I will know that means lot of foreign dirt has gone into my machine ok. So, these are little size if I know the parent composition of the material and I know that in my wear particles a certain elements composition is increasing I know in a given machine from where this particle has come out and which component in this machine is deteriorating that knowledge will be known to me. So, this wear mechanisms are many ok. For example, when the particles are meeting one may adhere to another because of temperature because of load and then because of rubbing they may try to bring out pull out surface of this material there could be lot of abrasion because one is hard other is soft they could be using as an abrasive ok. And this abrasive happens in normal machines not that this is bad this happens only thing is that whether the rate at which they are happening is more whether I could do something to arrest them. For example, if you think of a journal bearing if you are abrasion is so because usually the bearing journal bearing the inner liners are much softer than the shaft material. So, when in process of abrasion the soft being a hard surface is going to wear out the inner bearing surface. Now, imagine if this inner bearing surface is wearing out faster the bearing clearance is going to increase. Now, this clearance increases you know the Z n by P that is going to change and then the from the summer field equation you will see that the load carrying capacity of the bearing is going to reduce. So, some machines are designed of course, you know one machine one component will be hard another will not be hard, but that does not mean that abrasion wear will not take place in normal times abrasion wear will take place only thing is that we should be worried that the rate of abrasion is not excessive. So, that it creates a condition wherein my blaring clearance has increased and this bearing is not able to sustain the load which is given to it and of course, in other delamination occurs and fatigue because of the load reversal or the load cycles fatigue kind of wears happen and another important thing is corrosion or oxidized knockers because of an environment this corrosive things can happen and electrical attack happens particularly when there is a electrical loop or the ground voltage going through a machine and because of this lubricating oil you know this electrical attack actually happens particularly think of the case of an electrical motor and there is a rotor this here is a rotor of course, there is a stator I am not drawing this stator here what happens because of this there is always a small amount of voltage loop which is going on. Now, at this interface there is a lubricant either if it is a journal bearing or a ball bearing there is a thin layer of lubricant between the inner races outer races etcetera and this actually is actually a dielectric. So, when I am bringing in a voltage across a capacitor and there is a dielectric this dielectric breaks this voltage is going to get pass through. So, this intermittent passing of this EMF will create a spark because there is a potential. So, this sparking comes with high energy of heat momentarily heat. So, this is going to produce lot of pitting on the surface pitting on the bearing surface I will show you in the next class some pictures of what happens when this bearings pit. So, lot of pitting marks will come on the walls of the inner race or the outer race because of an electrical discharge going through the circuit. The usual way to avoid it is you know have a good grounding if you ground it this does not happen I will show you some. So, but then this are responsible for the initiation of the pitting and if this goes once the surface has got pitted because of load and temperature they are weakened and then with time there this small pitting will be bringing will become large scowling will occur and then lot of large chunks of the material are going to get eroded. So, surface are going to get worn out again. So, one has to be very careful when designing electrical motors or particularly when we have high voltage electricals in your machinery is wherein there are parts in which there are lubricant and then when there is a disconnect. We may not get in voltage as you measure, but when they are going at high speed because of this EMF if the grounding is not proper we will get this parts and this parts are responsible for actually like an erosion or like an EDM like an electrical discharge is occurring. In fact, people use this high voltage parts in electrical discharge machining to machine surfaces, but here the same EDMs may be harmful to our machines. But this wear modes you know when we have an initial in the infant mortality zone of the bath structure we have the usually running in wear modes because of the maybe it was not properly aligned maybe the surfaces were having lot of bad surface finish to agree lot of the machined surfaces were not clean and these debris were there which is then followed by your steady wear and then we have the wear out towards the fag end of the life of the machine. We will have a severe wear out followed by pitting and then if pitting goes unnoticed we will have large materials coming out which is known as scuffing. Now usually this wear particle types you know are drawn few of them like the laminar ones or the irregular shape or the curl shape. The typical size of this wear particles you know could be cutting could be spherical if it is rubbing it is usually less than 15 micron. By the size I mean if you see under the microscope one of the dimensions this happens to be 15 micron this has to be only seen through microscopy microscopes. But normally usually we use an optical microscope of about 1000 magnification. So, with that we can see sizes of about no maximum about 5 micron. But and usually this wear particles are of bigger sizes and then you will see sliding is usually 20 to 50 microns laminar fracture is big severe sliding is big 50 micron etcetera you can see it in an optical microscope even 200 or 500 zoom magnification. But the wear debris particles to understand the chemical composition we require the wear particles will be of the order of less than 2 microns and this is not possible by optical microscopes this has to be seen through an SCN scanning electron microscope. So, obviously as you as I was telling you no in situ analysis is possible in case of this wear particles. So, what we do basically there is a technique now if you look at this contaminant analysis depending on the size of the particles we can have different modes of investigation. If the particle size is less than 2 microns I will use what is known as spectroscopy if it is between you know 5 to 30 micron I can use what is known as the wear debris analysis and if it is greater than 30 micron I can use what is known as the particle count. And usually there is a method known as ferrogram or ferrography wherein we have iron wear particles. So, actually all these contaminants are actually deposited in oil basically the lubricating oil which is there between the two mating members actually uses we use that in oil to understand this contaminants. This oil can be taken dried in a piece of on the floor put on a place of paper and then with an magnetic field or a gravity field it can be laid in such a way that the heavier particles are going to get deposited in the bottom and the top particles on the top. So, you will see a ferrogram like this on a surface like this this could be large particles and then toward the end it will be small particle this is a ferrogram and ferrogram you can measure you can see it in a microscope and see the nature of the nature and size and also then try to understand how severe your wearing mechanism is. So, if you look at the characteristics of wear particles in a ferrogram usually normal rubbing wear means you know which occurs are like flat plates plate plates like less than 15 micron. If the wear becomes severe and sliding will have flat elongated particles greater than 20 microns with striations there will be lot of striated marks cutting wear long curl strips of metal which you must have seen in your workshop gear wear flat striated particles bearing wear laminar plate plates spears small particles less than 5 microns black oxides indicates insufficient lubrication red oxides indicates water contamination corrosive wear becomes because of heavy concentration of fine particles aluminium wear white metal particle when there is dust or dirt foreign particle or material not characteristic of machine or oil. So, what happens these are the particles which we see from an macroscopic level under an optical microscope and just only looking at the size and the shape we can we can have some clue as to what kind of wear took place what kind of contamination took place is it water contamination is it contamination with dirt or sand in your machine this can be done. But this analysis never tells us about the chemical composition of this wear particles whether it is made out of iron whether how much of parts of copper is there how much parts of zinc is there for that we have to do what is known as spectroscopy. Before I go into spectroscopy I will tell you some of the wear debris analysis methods and basically wear debris are done for particles which are above 5 microns and beyond. So, I could seat under an optical method I can have a light beam pass through an oil which has this wear particles and because of the density of the air particles increasing this light is going to get reflected and this can be detected by a photo detector. So, the intensity of the light reflected back gives me a clue as to how much percentage of that opaque surface of wear particles are there in that oil. So, in a given milliliter of oil I can have an estimate as to how many parts per million of solid substances are there filter blockage I can have a pore or a mesh size and then like a normal sieve I can say you know 5 microns state back and I can this is the parts per million of 5 microns and if I increase the sieve size may be you know 10 microns 20 microns and so on I can do wear particles can also be measured through radioactivity through thin film sensors like magnetic attraction is by ferrography or the gravimetric which I just described the last slide. But to know the chemical composition of the wear particles we have to do what is known as the spectroscopic techniques for debris analysis this debris and mind you they have to be sizes less than about 2 microns which are not possible to see obviously on naked eye even with high power magnification may be 100000 X magnification you may at most see about 5 microns. But beyond that we have to use what is known as this fine particles we have to use we need not count the number of parts per million, but rather find out the chemical content of these particles and that is done through all these techniques and these are all specialized equipment like the atomic absorption spectrophotometer known as AAS, atomic emission spectrophotometer AES, XRF, inductive coupled plasma ICP, DCP, EDX etcetera. These are very very sophisticated equipment each of these equipment could be costing anywhere from 50 lakhs to 2 crores each of these equipment. So, obviously when I have a plant with the gear box worth only 50000 rupees or a 1 lakh rupees it will be not economical for me to have in my plant all these machines. In fact, none of the engineering industries have these where they do regular plant operations, but to analyze or to know the condition of this machine this oil which have been collected from their gear boxes or you know pumps etcetera has to be collected and sent to a centralized laboratory. Where in this laboratory people can do analysis using this sophisticated equipment and I will just tell you briefly about one of them the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. What happens is you know this 2 micron samples which are there, they are heated to such a high surface that we have plasma coming out of it. Then you know E is equal to H nu from the flanks law of radiation and this energy which is emitted is at the wavelength or is at the frequency of the radiations of the chemical elements present in this in this where particles for example, suppose it has iron, suppose it has zinc, copper etcetera. So, the radiation of these elements of this atoms electrons in an iron if it goes to an excited state it goes at a particular frequency same is true for zinc and same is true for copper radiation at its characteristic frequency. So, all I have to do is at that characteristic frequency I have to measure the intensity of the radiation and that is what is done through an atomic either absorption or emission spectrum. So, basically I have a sample which is heated and then radiations will be there, I will have another source wherein I will be giving the from a concentration from a known concentration. I know some x p p m, I know the amount of light intensity. So, I will see the unknown light intensity which I will measure which has been radiated out to this element and then from by inertial method find out what is the p p m. So, I have to know for the particular element I am trying to identify I will I need to know its electromagnetic radiation frequency. So, there are all standards which are used standard light sources are used used to identify the chemical elements. So, typically the elements in the spectroscopic spectrometric analysis where elements these are easily iron chromium aluminum copper layer these are the where elements which happens and sometimes we give certain additive elements and then these are usually the contaminants silicon, sodium, boron and vanadium. And one of course we need to know in the engineering applications of machines what are the typical where elements and from aluminum to silicon and what is the probable origin. So, for example, if I see lot of aluminum I know these are the possible sources where in aluminum is there. Suppose I see chromium these are the possible sources could be the exhaust valves etcetera or shafts and when I say silicon I know it is ingested dirt, sand, sometimes gasket, silents, oil, antiform, antifreeze additives. So, these will be known to us from the original designer. So, to know the material of the element and then look out for these. Sometimes in many machines which are just available to us its material composition is not known to us sometimes it is a difficult thing, but with experience if you will see that you know usually a particular component is coming out we can do diagnostic measures to find out where what is the source of this material. So, this is only possible by spectroscopic spectrometric analysis wherein we have copper is usually coming out of bearings, lead is also coming out of bearings and everything of course, in the industry is made out of iron and silver particularly in respite embossions, antifrictions, silver, solder etcetera. So, this gives us a clue as to what is the possible source of the element detected by spectrometric analysis and usually this is the composition of the components which are there in the machinery. One is iron, chromium, nitrogen, molybdenum, manganese, lead, copper, zinc usually in bearing cages it is which has high copper and zinc as you can see. If you have rolling element bearings it is high iron, gears very much iron, shafts iron, gear box casings. Sometimes you will see this manganese etcetera and this kind of metallurgy is only available by doing an spectroscopy of a sample. So, you give me a piece of iron it is not 100 percent iron. So, it will may be an iron coming out of a gears may be only there is chromium, there is nitrogen, there is nitrogen, high nitrogen because of the case carburizing with or nitriding. Now, the gear surfaces are hard because of the initial high levels of nitrogen are there. So, suddenly in your contaminants if you see high level of nitrogen you will know well my gear is varying out faster than it should be. If I see high amounts of may be zinc I will can know it is high amount this bearings which are varying out faster. So, this kind of clues give us an indication as to where from this materials have come out of. So, to summarize in this class on contaminant analysis you have seen what are the different types of contaminants available. Contaminants can be distinguished in terms of their size something less than two microns we cannot see them through a very high power magnetic sorry magnification of 1000 x we have to do spectral analysis. This spectrometric analysis is done through atomic absorption spectrophotometer or emission spectrometer emission spectrophotometer X RF ICP etcetera wherein we need we get to know the chemical constituent of that O naught particles as to how much percent of the iron is there copper is there zinc is there lead is there nitrogen is there and all we have to do is regularly in a frequent interval we have to see the chemical composition of the where particles. I am not asking you to rub off or scrape off a material from a nice machine, but what is already deposited in the oil which is there as a lubricant. So, then from this contaminants we can try to get as to clue what is the parents source and why this is varying.  So, this gives us an indication as to with the where mode whether it is addition abrasion whether it is corrosion whether it is because of an electrical interference etcetera. So, these gives us to an understanding of the where modes and next comes the sizes are large and then they are ferritic we can develop ferrography and then do ferrograms, but if they are sizes more than may be 30, 40 or 50 microns we can just use an optical source and just do a particle count as to in a given liquid what is the parts per million of the where particles nothing to do about the content of the composition of the where particles, but whether is it 50 p p m in a given ml of the liquid is that concentration of where particles increasing with time if it is increasing we need to get alarm. So, this is how the contaminant analysis helps us in identifying the severity of defects or the where mechanism and machine and of course, the other sister measurement technique of this is the oil analysis which I will discuss in the next class. Then examples of contamination just as a closer we will have the mining usually if you go to a mining it is the stone dust ore or water process plant is it will process material dust water lot of water comes in this mining process plant and querying component manufacture ceramic will have lot of clays and chemicals. So, this also gives us to clue as to what happens. Thank you.


My name is Anthony Chung. I'm the head of market analysis here at Amplify Trading. Don't forget to subscribe to the channel to get daily content from myself and the rest of the team. And if there's any questions about today's briefing, feel free to leave a comment below. Okay, very good morning. The day has arrived. Of course, US election day Tuesday the 3rd of November. So I hope you're feeling well rested and hopefully you can join us on Amplify Live. The link is in the description if you're watching this on YouTube to access a free trial so that you can join myself and the rest of the team throughout the evening and overnight session today. But looking at the charts this morning and equity index futures generally positive. The DAX up about 114 as European equity market is just about to open shortly. Follows on from the higher close that we had on Wall Street last night. Gains ranging from really around 0.3 up to 1.6. And actually a little bit of an unusual move in the sense that the NASDAQ was an under performer. And we did see an apparent slight shift in rotation out of some of those big mega tech names. And that was reflective in the percentage changes of the individual stock sectors yesterday. I'll talk about that in a little bit more detail. Interesting commentary coming out of JP Morgan that kind of touches upon that idea of stock rotation as we go into the US election. Otherwise then overnight a positive age Pacific session following on taking the baton from the higher close on Wall Street. And that's kind of led us to where we are at the moment. So with stock futures holding up, then T notes are lower. We're down to around the bottom end of the range really going back to where we were on Friday night session before the weekly close. But before there we've got the low that we had in yesterday's session around this time yesterday in fact. And that does coincide with the S1 in the US 10 in the futures market down the bottom right here at around 0.4 just holding some of the price action for now. Otherwise elsewhere the dollar is weakening. The Dixie's down about three tenths of 1%. It was grinding down through the Asia Pacific session and it's kind of added a bit further momentum to the downside as European and UK traders have come in. So subsequently that is providing some underlying support for both major currency pairs with euro dollar and cable both up roughly around 40 pips or so. The euro having got above quite a key area yesterday which did provide a kind of area of resistance to price recovery that we saw through the European morning before we sold back off through the US session. So having broken through that during the Asia Pacific session the euro has just kind of kicked on as the dollars continue to weaken. Then in cable we're just coming up to the top end of what has been a bit of a range of price activity of late and just keeping an eye on the high from yesterday afternoon which is where we're trading at the moment around $129.50 in the sterling dollar futures. Oil markets down here at the bottom, phenomenal day yesterday really actually is a 10% gain from loads of high credit born and intraday move. But one of the things to keep in mind is we're just drifting off a little bit. I don't think that's that unsurprising to see a little bit of short term profit taking just going into the main event later. But underpinned here again by the commitment from apparent Russian inside sources suggesting about rolling over their current depths of supply cut from the OPEC plus side going from the end of January out through to the end of Q1. So if you like kind of intonating of intervention to offset what has been a downward moving crude oil market of late with the general perception of demand destruction given the worldwide lockdowns that are being implemented that we've seen over mainland Europe, UK and elsewhere going forward. So we'll touch upon that again in a little bit more detail in a moment but let's get into some of the headlines. I'm going to start off with this idea. I'll talk briefly about the JPMorgan note that was talking about potential stock rotation. So JPMorgan strategists are dropping their lifetime preference for technology stocks. This was yesterday after being overweight for tech for almost two years they raised their recommendation on banking and insurance stocks to overweight. The rotation in market leadership would stem from an economic recovery and possible positive news on the pandemic. So all I can derive from that then is they're looking at the period. I mean these calls as I say with tech they've been in it for two years. So this is looking about the fact that I guess if we go beyond into then Q1, Q2, second half of 2021 we also whatever the outcome remove a lot of the risk or uncertainty surrounding about the outcome of the election so we go beyond the next coming days and weeks then they're looking for a bit of a rotation then out of what has been a massively outperforming sector into something that then starts to show a further underlying economic recovery story. So a clear outcome for the election they do say is a positive for equity investors as the market could then focus on fiscal stimulus measures. So that's obviously one of the key things which we'll be watching tonight is not just who wins the presidency between Biden and Trump but more importantly almost is what is the composition of Congress can the Democrats indeed conduct a full blue wave and take control of the Senate away from the Republicans. Again how mixed or not that composition is of power on Capitol Hill will really define about the timing and the size of the likely stimulus that will follow. A contested result according to JP would lead to selling they say while recommending buying any weakness on a three to six month horizon again looking at generally speaking it will be the uncertainty from an inconclusive election will likely be reflected short term in a negative way but then over the medium term likely it is that the market will move in a much more positive fashion. On this note just talking about a couple of election scenarios this was a chart I'll share with you a crib sheet if you want to call it that from Michael Brown Michael kindly joined us on Friday for the live webinar that we did but he's put out just a nice straight forward kind of more binary outcome of blue wave blue divided congress the status quo or a red wave and then the subsequent movement that can happen in the dollar equities and treasury yields so I'll share this around I'll tweet it as well on the handles here I'll be tweeting useful info graphics and stuff throughout the entire day and night so anything at all just just dropped me a line but I won't go into this in great details but worth having a review just in regard to the overall take a ways from a summary point blue wave or divided blue congress this would be a Biden win in a sense but then how how definitive is the democratic win over the chambers then either of those are seen as the dollar negative and I would agree with that in the short term the idea then being the significant fiscal expansion is obviously going to increase the deficit situation in America is the general notion of the most dollar negative under a blue wave but that spending in itself although they might talk about taxes, regulation changes things that are more targeting the big tech names in particular so it could be quite interesting on a sector basis but overall after that period then the general size of the fiscal boost should lift equity markets and interestingly if you look at this there's only with the dollar most scenarios are potentially for a weaker dollar apart from the status quo where status quo means that Trump can continue his kind of tough protectionist stance the geopolitical uncertainty continues the dollar still acts in a safe haven bid with equities though it's almost the reverse of the dollar being that a blue wave, a blue divided congress or a red wave then stocks go up and that kind of almost a joke at the moment amongst the traders is that stocks just go up regardless and they're not too wrong in that respect so worst checking that out when you get time on that point then let's have a quick look and update on what the situation is from an election polling perspective going into the final few hours and on a national level Biden still leads by a fairly comfortable margin the betting markets haven't really moved at all of recent weeks they're still remaining around 63 in favour of Biden this as you can see Trump has made a decent bit of headway over the last week and probably more telling is the top battleground area so Wisconsin, Michigan where you've probably seen pictures of course of Trump physically holding these campaign rallies it's going to be definitely interesting when you put the election aside the COVID-19 situation in America at the moment is looking fairly precarious and I do feel somewhat that any type of more kind of forcible response to containment and of the spreading and transmission of coronavirus has kind of been somewhat pushed to the sidelines given the fact that he doesn't definitely Trump doesn't want to be doing that or putting pressure on state governors this close into an election so if that then allows what I'm interested to see post election the COVID-19 to have spread he's obviously been holding these rallies has been before some kind of peaks in localised areas when this has happened before on mass gatherings but also as well is there a potential given it's a highly contentious election that we're looking at particularly from a lot of social issues whether or not we're going to get a lot of rioting across the country for example and again that can lead to situations obviously of a lack of adherence to social distancing measures and so on which is obviously going into what is already a fairly increasing number of cases in America particularly in those mid-west states so a couple of things to think about overall though the lead for Biden has continued to narrow so Trump over the last really two weeks has done pretty much the best job he can in order to narrow this down from what was kind of a six percentage point lead to now less than three he currently leads overall on an average basis North Carolina Florida's the kind of big one Biden leads in the polls but actually the bookies that Trump is still leading with Florida and Florida will be one of the key ones because as you remember from my previous briefings that is an area of which was one of the earliest back into late September had already started the tabulation process of counting mail-in ballot votes so they should be one to release results in fairly prompt fashion and on that point here is a map of America and it's broken down you can see that the brackets is UK time so here if you just I'll again I'll be tweeting all of this stuff but if you scroll your basically if you scroll your mouse over each individual time so midnight is when Florida is expected to come out and Florida for me is a massive one so midnight is going to be a really pivotal point if you're trading the event overnight we then go further forward and you go 7.30, 8 you get a bulk of them coming at 1 and then 8.30 which is again 1am, 1.30, 2 so by 2am you're going to have a pretty good sense with most of the big guns having reported by then again a very top level as you can see here at midnight and 12.30 you do get a number by 1am of the key swing states that come out so it's going to be one of those where if you're new to trading I'd say perhaps best just observing unless there's something absolutely clear that comes out I'd say without really a squawk or an analyst team or someone like myself assisting you throughout the night just be careful because it's going to be a really whippy price action the way of which American broadcasters release results is particularly messy because they don't always wait for a final outcome like we would in traditional UK politics they report numbers as they're being counted and so that they can shift one way into the other as they're being counted which can cause all kind of lack of follow through in initial price movement but timing wise we'll be going live on Amplify Live probably around half 10, 11pm just in good time in preparation for everything that's going to come out finally then the calendar for today we have had the RBA interest rate decision overnight so just to get you up to speed they lowered their key interest rate as expected from 0.25% to 0.1% but that was very much as expected the board also said they'll buy 100 billion Aussie dollars of government bonds of maturities in around 5 to 10 years over the next 6 months and Governor Lowe noted the RBA has not run out of fire power but also pushed back against the prospect of negative interest rates overall the Aussie not too much in the way of a real sustained reaction it did initially in terms of price movement it did initially dip overnight but it's bounced from around its pivot level trading up now higher on the session up about 19 pips but I'd say predominantly that reversal underpinned by what has been some weakening in the dollar of late again dollar weakness why is that happening well the market is still expecting at this point on balance here a Biden victory and perhaps even a blue wave which would be the most dollar negative scenario so I think the dollar weakness is a reflection of that at the moment so the RBA not too much unsurprising definitely policy action being taken of a more stimulative nature but this is what we were anticipating the other thing then on the calendar was to have a look at was the UK European sessions very quiet we then go into the US we've got factory orders at 3 o'clock ISM New York index as well coming out just before that durable goods but these revisions quite a quiet day and probably even likely to be more so borrowing anything unexpected given the fact that a lot of people are just waiting now for the main event to kick off later on today so that's it I'm going to leave it at that I'm going to wish you guys a good day and hopefully I'll see you online later on this evening and yet looking forward to it


Hello, everybody, and welcome back to the Think Tech Hawaii Studio for another exciting episode of Security Matters. We are with Jason Wright today, and he is with OpenPath. But you may also know him from the security fail stuff that he tracks for all of us around the industry online. I definitely want him to give you his history, and I want to talk a little bit about some of the great stuff that OpenPath is doing. And I definitely want to get into some of the reasons behind these images that he posts, which I think, you know, let all of us reflect on some of the things we've done right and some of the things that we've done wrong as an industry. So Jason, I really appreciate you joining us today. Thank you so much for being here. I know James drives a hardship over there, so I'm glad he gave you some time off to join us on Security Matters. So if you wouldn't mind, I know we don't give it all away on secure on social media these days, but maybe kind of take those folks who aren't familiar with you through your history and in the industry and how you got to OpenPath. Awesome. Thanks, Andrew, and thanks for inviting me to join you here on Security Matters. This is a great forum to discuss some of the things I've been doing on LinkedIn as well. And build about myself, kind of, if I'm not done. See, I've been in the security industry for quite a while, and probably one of the few rare people who have now worked all four verticals.  I've been the integrator. I've been an integrator to a couple of the Fortune 5 companies here in the San Francisco area. And then I've been a security consultant. And now I'm working with the hardware manufacturer into the program. So I think it puts me in a unique view perspective of the industry. But before I was in security, I was actually in quality control and electronics manufacturing. And so I'm an ISO auditor, life safety, and that's as Matt did it all. So kind of come into the world in a different point of view and solving new problems in different ways. And you write the CCTV fails and all the other security fails, IT fails, sign fails, door fails. I kind of all just initiated over the evolved over time. But the way they all really came about is just working with new green people in the industry. And they're like, I saw some of the senior guys would be showing pictures of bad installs and they'd be all laughing about it. What more people need to see this? Because we don't live long enough to make all these mistakes ourselves. And, you know, learning from other people's mistakes and the green guy is going, Oh, wait, if I do it that way, I'm gonna get ridiculed. So it really makes them understand that there's a quality level of this industry. And, you know, if, you know, from a mice plus I looking at electronics quality or a consultant side, it's if it looks this bad on the outside of the building, what does it look like in the walls or the parts I can't see. So it's all about raising that level of performance. And we all make a clean, beautiful work and we get proud of it and we'll show it off too. So I do both. I do the goods and the bads, but the goods don't get shown off as much as they probably should, but some of them do get shown off. That's awesome. Go ahead. Go ahead now. It's important that we do have those learning lessons. And like you said, the good and the bad.  And when the security guys leave, they're likely the cameras work. Okay, great. Thank you.  So if you don't know, you know, what it ought to look like, sometimes you walk away thinking everything's fine, and you've not really been delivered something good. So the QC team comes behind the installer and goes, hey, I know the customer is happy, but I'm not happy with what we've done here and here's why. So I love that, that sort of that credibility for the industry, that little checkpoint that we can bring. You said you did some auditing, some ISO stuff in the manufacturing realm as well. So did that peak your eye for looking for these things that you've got further along in the security industry? Oh, yes. I think that really helped because I used to go in and audit multiple, I'm, I saw a lot of orders, multiple certification levels, but yeah, you're right, you're learned about what should be good. And like, this doesn't match documentation or, you know, you and me or anybody, when you looked at a camera on the outside of, I don't know, the fast speed place you're gonna go get dinner from later this week. And you just see that above the drive through that camera that's hanging by the wire, you're like, who installed that? So you're, it's just that you see them everywhere. I think we're gonna post some of my pictures in the very first one I ever posted, I think is the first picture. So. Oh, wow. Well, with that, let's go, let's, let's see an image. What do you got for us? What's first? So he was one of the first ones I ever was, I think it was the very first one I ever posted. And I started the hashtag CCTV fail with those on LinkedIn. That one probably didn't get as many views as they are the ones today, but the ones today get a lot of comments to them. And I must say the pictures I post, they tell a story in their self. I don't need to post like a story.  They should be able to be standalone on themselves. Yeah. Yeah. So when I see this, I think, first of all, the facility manager is not paying attention or it's, it's a system that's been abandoned and not properly decommissioned. Right. There's a, there's a few reasons. Well, there's not many reasons why that should still be there. Unless they got decommissioned this morning and just no one's done it.  Yeah, that one's in San Francisco on the side of the street. So I'm not going to say where it is, but yeah. Oh, wow. I just walked off the train and looked up and like, oh, there we go. Oh, wow. Yeah. But yeah, you're right. Security person, if they were receiving that video feed, what were they looking at before? And they're currently not seeing what they were originally targeting. So there's, there's lots of people that are upset about this in the chain. I'm sure. Yeah. I've visited with teams that have guards sitting around all night and I'm like, well, why don't you let them go check the views of the cameras to make sure nothing's changed. You know, you've got your, your image standard that should be there for day and night shot. And in Hawaii, you know, the sun moves around a lot, right? So those shots can get changed. Those guards are sitting there. Why don't you let them go check the reference images against the cameras all night? They're not, what else are they doing when nothing's happening? Right. So it's been, this one should have shown up for somebody, you know, if they're checking the video at all. Well, I've even found cameras behind, you know, the tree had grown up in front of them. You're like, how was last time you viewed it? Because there's a tree now in front of the camera. So yeah, yeah.  It's crazy. All right, let's look at the next one. What else we got? Yeah, this one and then the next image where, yeah, I found those in a bookstore. I'm not going to say where it is, but yeah, that a whole bunch of these was a dome camera, but they had them on pedestal arms. Like they took the pedestal, the bullet camera off and put it, the dome on top of the original mount. Wow. Wow. And what do you think it's, do you think it's actually focused downwards at something just looking just way bent over there? I just hard to say. It's hard to see what they're trying to even view, but it defeats the whole purpose of putting a dome when you mount it to their old bullet mount. And then the sound below it level up, right? Like as if point the camera, that's interesting. See, was that a chalkboard or something? That's so funny. Oh, wow. Let's move on to the next one. These are interesting. Oh, wow. Yeah, I took this one in, I think in Oakland. Actually, Chad posted this one as well too. He saw the same one in the wild. And it's hard to tell, but it has a mini dome mounted underneath the old housing. And then they put the old camera and pointed it up and then put a dome underneath it. So instead of a mount to the camera to an old camera. But from a distance, it looks like it's pointing up at the sky. They just want to use the old cable. Is that an old EMI housing? Oh my gosh. Yeah, it looks like it. Wow. And so this is industry standards tell us we can't or that we shouldn't do these type of things, obviously. This is someone who's tried to say, oh, just make it work, right? Somebody got some marching orders, just figured out. No, we don't have any money, so make it work. So they probably extended the little cable from inside the old camera to just to that little one there and the power. And there you go. They drove a whole mount to the camera, to the existing camera. Yeah. Wow. Yeah, maybe this, and we see this when we let, when like the owner has done the work themselves or whatever, they got their, their maintenance. DIY coming up. There's a DIY coming up. Yeah. Okay, let's have a look. Smile. So I found this one. It had a really nice sign. This was in San Jose and it has a nice sign all the way around the building. It had these dome cameras. Now the dome has gone gray from the sun. So I'm like, what do you mean they can see them? They can't see me with this. Yeah, you stand there and smile away. Even nothing ever happened. There was four cameras all around this building and all of them looked like this. It was. Wow. That, that maybe, maybe a manuscript, maybe the polycarbonate went bad, you think? The, the manuscript. Yeah, it was in the first sign. Maybe it wasn't UV ray as an indoor, maybe, I don't know. But yeah, all of them had gone like brown. There's no way the camera could view out. Then you talked about you reviewing your camera feeds to see if they're still seeing what they're originally viewing. Yeah. And this guy just thinks his cameras went bad and really just his little dome enclosure went bad. Wow. That's um, and that, that, you know, that indoor camera outdoors, you do see that a lot. Unfortunately, usually they're flooded, you know, by the time you see them there'll be water in the dome. Somebody's trying to save money or they are the, it got specified with the wrong part number and then no one actually paid attention. The installer should catch that minimally, but they don't until they just mount them, you know, they get orders just do just hang it now. We'll fix it later and then it never gets fixed or whatever. That indoor dome outdoors is a real problem for people. So pay attention to that one. Pay the money for the outdoor enclosure, folks. Yes, it's full of water. It's not going to work. I actually have found two or three of them in the wild that still had the wrapper on the outside of the dome. They never took the wrapper. So I'm like, well, how did you focus it? It's still got the wrapper plastic on it. Wow. Yeah. So they didn't, right?   Which shows me that someone, no one ever, the installer never viewed the feed and verified it's focusing. The field of view has been adjusted. It still has that, you know, packaging protective film over the wrapper mounted and stuck. They walked away and left it up. Yeah. Yeah. And the end user obviously never looked or never had any idea what sort of quality they should be getting or something. I can't even imagine what the view looked like. This makes no sense sometimes these things we see. And again, could be an end user did the installation thinks he's got it right, you know, and then that's as good as he gets, you know, all we said. What do we got next, gang? I think we got a couple coming up here and they'll have. Oh, wow, I love the mic. Yeah, we got sound on this one. Dan Rothrock is rolling over in his grave right now. Yeah, I posted this one a few months ago and it had hundreds of comments to it. I mean, I must say that the comments to my posts are worth a read. Yeah. That I had people call me in the last couple of weeks laughing and stitches saying I haven't had a good laugh with a cry in a long time. So the comments alone are pretty good and worth the read. That is so awesome. Yeah, they're probably better, more comedians than I am.  And that's that. That looks like a big camera mounted on a on a pan tilt of some type or I don't know that doesn't look familiar to me. Yeah, it's like a pan tilt mount with an old camera with a microphone attached to it for sound. Wow. Well, I wonder if the mic still works. Someone's got to tell people that there's cameras out there with microphones built in on now. Yeah, we had Cameron Jeff Donnie on here to talk about audio for these types of scenes, you know, where you need that command and control and you need that audio. This next one's got a good stack on it. Okay, well, let's, I tell you what, let's see. I remember seeing that before. But before we talk about that one, let's take a quick break. We'll pay some bills and we'll be back in about one minute. Stick around gang. I'm Mitch Ewan, host of Hawaii, the state of clean energy on think tech Hawaii. Hawaii, the state of clean energy is about following the many clean energy initiatives in Hawaii. Hawaii, the state of clean energy appears weekly on think tech Hawaii at 4pm on Wednesdays. Thank you so much for watching our show. We'll see you then. Aloha. Hey, hello everybody. And welcome back to security matters. We're talking with Jason Wright and we're looking at security fails. We were talking about some camera fail. This next one is a sort of a, I can't tell if it's all the guy had in his truck. I don't know, but let's take a look at this one. It's an interesting one. Yeah, there you go. You got the conduit there. You had a box, you know, you're supposed to mount to doesn't look like the right right mount anyway. But I guess it wasn't the right height or he needed to get down below something. So, you know, it's just a whole gang of that's taken gang box to the extreme, right? Six game boxes on that one. Yeah, it probably cost more than a mount if they were to just put it in. I'm wondering, yeah, because you would normally have a bit of a pedestal there with, you know, the correct pedestal enclosure. That's an interesting idea. Maybe just get it done. You know, I am we're in Hawaii, right? And so our installation sites typically aren't that far away. Sometimes we have to fly to the outer island. So you you got to make do sometimes. But I do have, you know, I know installers on the mainland sometimes will drop four hours, you know, to do an install. And then you get there, you don't have what you need and you got to make it work. But wouldn't you come back and fix this one? The next time you're out in that area for a service call or something.  Yeah, you know, you know where to go to them from your last site, maybe he was just leaving them in a stash there. That's pretty good one. What do we got next coming up? Oh, wow. And why don't people take the old equipment out? I just what they weren't paid for removal.  Well, I guess it already gets them to where they want to be or yeah, this one, they put a four game box and then mounted the camera to it because it didn't fit to the old mount. It's replacing an old bullet camera. My brain doesn't work that way. Unfortunately, if you come to the Honolulu and you go to the Honolulu airport, you're going to see a bunch of this kind of mess here. I don't know if the state wouldn't contract with those folks to do the removals. It's a sad site over there for the security-minded folks that show up in our airport here. And they look around and see things not too dissimilar from this. They have to be. I found posts in airports before as well. There was one with a nice camera next to the network port. And the camera was just plugged into the network port. And I'm 6'4". I could reach up and reach it. It wasn't over eight feet high. And I can just reach over and unplug the camera. Wow. Yeah, in the airport, right? Yeah, it's interesting how many how many systems end up in, you know, there's, you know, THS, TSA, and DHS and then the local authority. So there's so many different systems.  You know, fund the work so that it gets removed neatly, it gets reinstalled cleanly. There's a workman-like way to do this stuff, which is why Jason's gone to the effort that he's gone to to display this stuff for people. It's informative, of course, at all levels. Well, we paid millions of dollars for these beautiful buildings and architecture and fittings. And security needs to blend in and work within these architectures to the same quality level they use for the glass, the windows and the trims and the carpets. And we need to be just for the same quality as them. Yeah, and it makes me wonder what do they think about the security industry when they see our stuff installed like that, right? Like, even if someone who doesn't know what it ought to look like can look at that last picture and go, wow, what were they doing or who did that? I don't want that in my lobby. Yeah. Oh, wow. What do we got next? Let's take a look. This is one that's about a mile from my house. They had a bracket on a piece of fence board with a camera mounted on it. And this place had like five or six of them around it. Wow. So that's your DIY. Probably they did it themselves, probably. Wow. Do you think will it hold up? Is it upside down? It's mounted on a bracket and they put a board sticking out. Instead of mounting it directly to the building, they mounted it to a board. What were they thinking? I don't know. Wow. But it's been up there for over a year or two. Now, if you're that homeowner, is that a commercial property? It's a commercial property. It has to look terrible, you know, to the eye. That's the entryway. That's the entryway to this commercial place. Oh, my gosh. Yeah. Well, maybe they, is that one of the ones you think where they got what they paid for or something?  We'll put a little shelf there and mount the camera to it. It'll be fine. There's three or four of them like that. Wow. That seems like a little bit of extra work maybe or maybe they were trying to tuck it up under that ledge or something. I don't know. Interesting stuff. It's amazing. This is in Northern California, by the way. So I'm not feeling so bad about some of the stuff I've seen around Hawaii now that I'm seeing some of this. Yeah, you walk around and, you know, another thing these security things do is raises your situational awareness. Look at other people do and learn from other people's mistakes and use them for training for your own teams too. And these are great training exercises for your people.  So they learned to do better quality work too by sharing these images with each other. Yeah. And teach them to ask questions. We talk about that. Technicians, historically, I'll just use that word, have a pride, a sort of a pride about their work and a pride about understanding how to do what they do. And oftentimes some of them aren't as good about sharing the what and the why and all of that that went into that, you know, 15 or 20 years of experience that they have and sharing that with the new guy. They think it's funnier to just let him do it wrong and then let him be the guy everyone's ridiculing with the pictures in the meeting at the beginning of the week. So I'm really big on ask questions. You know, if you don't know, if you haven't provided the installation manual, it isn't like the information is not available. So if you, you know, for if you're new to our industry out there and you want to do something or have something done and you're not sure how just ask someone at take a look at the manual, if nothing else, that'll show you what it ought to look like and how it should be done. That's amazing. Go ahead. Honestly, and if you don't know how it's done, ask someone because you hear you and I are, you know, laughing at these images, but at the same time we're going, why didn't take the old mount down, you know, and someone wasn't told that when didn't ask those questions and making sure that, you know, that you don't know how it's to be done or should be done, then those things to ask and ways to get it done. Right. Yeah. They show up out there with that scope of work that says install, right? So they're looking at like, okay, I've got to install it doesn't say remove anywhere. So that's that literal interpretation, right of some, some project manager watching out for scope creep or something. You never know, right? That's an extra five minutes of work. Yeah, which you should always donate, I think. Oh, wow, what do we got next? Oh, I remember seeing this one. So yeah, I do bad signs as well. This one I posted just recently.  And the Normandor is if a sign needs a sign to tell you to push or pull, it was probably designed wrong. So Don Norman, he was one of the initial people, one of the initial founders of like the way Apple products work. And so it should be intuitively native. If it's got a handle, you pull, it's got a flat plate, you push. And if it's got, I don't know, I don't know what they're trying to say with this sign. I think you have been better without the sign. You still had a 50-50 chance with this sign. I think it goes down less. Yeah, or the sign could just say figure it out, you know, or something. I don't even know. If you can pull and one of them will work, that would have been easier. Yeah, a bit of a mockery there. That's crazy. Oh, wow. So we're moving into, it looks like some door problems. What else we got? Oh, that IT installs. Oh, gosh, this one, it goes around the corner. The cans on its side. They cut new holes. You got exposed wiring going around the corner. Yeah, I don't know what they're thinking. How does that work? I mean, if you accepted that job, you can see that everything should be in an enclosure. And then here we branch from enclosure to enclosure. So I know someone extended or added, or they did something to assist them there. Exactly. Shouldn't that be in pipes maybe? We have facilitation for table management, right? Oh my gosh. Interesting. That's a pretty good one. That's a good lesson for anybody that's, you know, looking at an installation. At least this guy here used gutters. What happened? What? Oh, to have all this. But he used gutters. That is interesting. Somebody said, I just don't want to see the wire. Put gutters up, but he forgot his saw. I don't know. Oh my gosh. That is terrible. I mean, truly terrible. Next. Oh, yeah. This is how valuable the data. Yeah, that's how valuable the data closet was, right? Yeah. And then there's another one coming up, which I just posted recently on LinkedIn, this one. Oh yeah. Yeah, that one's got a lot of issues with that. You know, they started with a backboard at the initial construction phase. They didn't put the fireproof paint on. You have to do that here, but you know, at least they started well, but it expanded pretty badly, pretty rapidly.  Well, if you need to flush the cash, it's really easy to do. How many comments do you get on that one? Do you recall? Probably a thousand. There was over 600 comments on that post, and it had over 70,000 views. Nice. Were they, were most of them clean, or were there any takedowns? You know, that one, that one could invite some of those off-color comments, might say. Actually, I only had to remove two ads on that post, because people try to post advertisements to it. Oh, I see. Right on. Right on. Great stuff. Well, we are winding down here. Jason, what, in your experience, you know, I haven't been out there, haven't seen this kind of stuff, and trying to expose it. What can you share with the audience? You know, what's the sort of the takeaway that they should think about this? And especially if you could, you know, from the sort of fore perspective, you know, from the manufacturing side, the installation side, the end user side, you know, what should they be learning when they take a look and ponder the comments? Well, it's about, you know, we're all in the industry to be the best we can. And I think if we just raise the quality of the work, view things from the end customer's perspective, you know, if this was your site, would you be proud with it when you walk away? And would you be willing to invite your customers to see your other customers to come see your work?  And then I also like to learn from other people's mistakes and see what you can find, because they're everywhere and you're going to go around and look up and find something bad soon, I'm sure. And I'm happy to share them with me or others. We like to collect these kind of images. And it's a fun, interesting side hobby, but it drives a good interesting topic in the industry. And hopefully it makes the whole security industry more accepting. And hopefully we can help remove a lot of these people. We've know some of them are DIY and we don't have much control over. Yeah. And our industry needs that. We should always be striving to become better all the time and learning from what we've done wrong and then learning from what we've done right and then learning how to get better. Continuous improvement is kind of one of those buzzwords of, you know, the supply chain risk management world and cybersecurity world. But the security industry itself should be consistently striving and the leave behind, you know, the things that we see, the work that is there, that is our deliverable. And that's how we get measured. Very few people get to see the actual functionality, right? The software side, the client side of that work. So we'll many, many, many more see the hardware side and the install side. So clean it up, use these lessons. Jason, it's great stuff that you're doing. Appreciate your dedication to the industry trying to make us all better. And together we can all get better. I'm a big fan of that. So thank you so much. Appreciate your time today. Everybody out there, have a great, safe Tuesday, and we'll see you again next week. Aloha.