Suspense in the producer of radio's outstanding theatre of thrills, the master of mystery and adventure, William M. Robeson. Among the great classics of radio drama, none is more memorable than Three Skeleton Key, although few who have heard it would remember it by that title. To them it is simply that story about the rats, and that it is, an unforgettable experience in horror. We repeat it now because we can't help ourselves. We like to scare, as well as you like to be scared. Listen. Listen then as Vincent Price stars in Three Skeleton Key, which begins in just a moment. And now, Three Skeleton Key, starring Vincent Price. A tale well calculated to keep you in. Suspense. Try and picture this place. A grey tapering cylinder welded by iron rods and concrete to the key itself. A bare black rock 150 feet long, maybe 40 wide. That's a low tide. At high tide, just the light rising 110 feet straight up out of the ocean. And all about it, the churning water, grey-green, scum-dappled, warm as soup, and swarming with gigantic bat-like devilfish. Great violet schools, a Portuguese man-a-war, and yes, sharks, the big ones, 15-footers. And as if this wasn't enough, there was a hot dank, rotten-smelling wind that came at us day and night off the jungle swamps of the mainland. A wind that smelled like death. Set in the base of the light is a watertight bronze door. And in you go, and up, and up, round and round. Over the light store room is the food store room, and over the food store room is the bunk room for the three of us slept. And over the bunk room is the living and cooking room, and over the living and cooking room is the light. She was a beauty.  My companions in the light were an odd and opposite pair. Big Louie, the head man who hardly ever talked, and Auguste, who never stopped. But it wasn't a bad life, especially at night when the others were snoring in their sacks two levels down. Usually there was nothing to see across the starlit water. For most ships knew better than to come close to three skeleton key. But one night, gazing out across the phosphorescent comas, I noticed something show for a second in the revolving light. Something far off.  I went over to the gallery door and yelled, Louie! Louie! Come on in there, ship headed for the reef. I had the glasses out now. I couldn't read her name, but I could see her quite plainly. All sails set, the phone creaming away under her power, beautiful lines, but why didn't she turn? Every time our light turned, it hit her with a glare of day. The ship? Where? North, northwest. The light will touch her in a moment. Can't they see? Look at her. She just keeps coming on. Oh, the square heads. What is it? What is it? Watch northwest, August. I know, I know what it is. The Dutchman, the flying Dutchman. She is derelict, that's it. Derelict? Abandoned. Crew left her for some reason or other, but instead of sinking, she's gone on, running before every wind. She'll not run long, not with these reefs to break her up. Beautiful ship. Now, why would men leave a beautiful ship like that? It's impossible. Absolutely impossible. What? Here, take my glasses, they're stronger than yours. All right. What is it, you? Who's in my throat? The decks were swarming with a dark brown carpet that looked like a gigantic fungus, but undulating and on the masts and yards were hundreds, no thousands, no meat. I don't know an inestimable number of tremendous rats. The three of us frozen in terror, appearing through our binoculars as the rat-covered ship gracefully, relentlessly bore down upon the key. Until it lashed with a horrible certainty, splintering and grinding upon the rocks, she ran aground. Look, the rats on the water. Like a carpet. They're swimming. Well, sure, they're swimming. Those are ship's rats. But they're swimming for the rocks. Come on! Down we went, racing down the stone stairs, taking them three and four at a time. Scared? You bet we were scared. The most you'll get for windows made it in climb, we don't know. All right, Chief, but hurry, hurry. You see them? Yes, I do. We're up at the other end of the rock. Look at them, me. And they smell us. Here they come. Close the door.  Oh, move, you wheeze. I made it. That was close. One got in. Look, there. Watch it, he did. Kick him. He was as big as a Tomcat. Bigger. And his eyes were wild and red. He was long and sharp and yellow. He went for a starve and ravenous, and we fought him. Fought that one rat all over the room. It was, oh, believe me, I do not exaggerate. It was like fighting a panther. I got him. We ran up the winding staircase. We passed the tiny windows of the various levels, and everyone was covered with a thick, wriggling, screaming curtain of brown fur. The air of the gallery was thick and fetid with the stink of them. The light was dim, brown, tilted through the crawling mass that swarmed over the glass all about us. We could not see the sky in nothing, nothing but them. Their red eyes, their claws, their wriggling, hairy snouts, and their teeth. What can we do? What can we do, Chief? Take it easy, old goose. Take it easy. No, I can't. I just can't. They won't do any good. Won't do any good to stand here and shake. Go away. Go away. Do you hear me? Go away. They won't go away. Not until... Finish it, Chief. Not until what? Not until they've been fed. All day long, we sat there in silent horror, watching the writhing mass trying to reach us through the glass, and then at last it began to get dark. One side of the room was lit a soft, filtered red. Sunset through the rats. Very pretty. I set the wicks, checked my fuel, and then lit the lamp. It caught them, lit them in their gigantic, wriggling web of pale, hairless bellies, twitching red tails, bright eyes. And then I started the rotary motor. The light drove them mad.  You must make the most of any situation to endure it. And we found a way to entertain ourselves by teasing the rats. Sounds crazy horrible. It was fun. We would get right up against the glass and make faces at them. It drove them crazy. They would scratch away trying to get at our eyes. Louis was even cuter about it.  The rats would scramble into a solid ball biting each other, clustering like grapes. In time to time, a whole lot of them would slip and fall 110 feet to the surf below. Look at the sharks. They're eating them. The sharks are our friends. I'll get another bunch to get it. Hey, little beauties. That's it. Pile up. Kill each other. There they go. August joined in too. Very ingenious August. He learned that if he spready-gold himself against the glass, they'd bunch and bundle against his figure, then he'd leap back. Look! My portrait, he rats. I went off watch about midnight. And I was just falling asleep when I became conscious of a new sound. I couldn't figure it at first. So I got up, lit the lamp and went to the window. Even as I looked at it, I saw one of the pains begin to sag in. They were eating the wood away. Louis, Louis, come quick. They found a way in. Held the glass with my hand. And now they were all going crazy and assured of the success of this maneuver. They were nibbling away at the frame. Louis ran below and then returned with a large sheet of tin. We spread it against the window and hammered in their place. Even as we did so, we felt the heavy bodies sputting against the other side as the window gave way. That ought a hold. But if it doesn't, we're done for. Rats can't eat tin. Oh, Dad. I don't know. But it came from below. They're in. They're swarming up the stairs. Drop the trap door. Two of them got in. We didn't have to go after them. They came at us. I leaped to one side and grabbed them on a spike. Swung and smashed one in midair. I hurled to see Louis with the other. It had ripped his hand open and the blood was pouring all over the place. He held his hand aloft and kicked at the snarl. He stepped already. Swung and got it. My hand. He got my hand. That's both of them, Louis. I'll get you something to pry that off. Bleeding. Look at it. My bladder. I'm bleeding. Don't worry about it, Louis. Now look, look, look. I'll wipe this kerchief about. It'll be okay. Now it's not bad. Just the flesh. Then I became conscious. Of a new sound. They were gnawing their way through the wooden trapdoor. I watched the planks fascinated. And even as I did it began to give way. A bristling, whiskery snout showed through. The gallery. The trapdoor and the gallery it steals. Good. Come on. We made it. We lay across the trap exhausted while below us the rats took over the entire tower. I could hear them howling and fighting over our food supply, our water, our leather. And all about us the others screamed and glared in us. Swing in a tangled mass hypnotized by the ever-turning light. By morning the air in the little room was horrible. Until now we've been getting air from the tower below. Now that was sealed off. And so was all our food and water. We lay exhausted panting, waiting, waiting. The hours crawled on. I was almost dozing from fatigue when I heard something that brought me to my feet.   A ghost was standing by the glass and in one hand he held a big wrench. He was tapping the glass gently. Not quite hard enough to break it. I eased myself to my feet and slowly, very slowly, it fell toward him. All I have to do is tap just a little harder. And it broke. For company and all about watching our little drama, the rats. The following day we lay thirst tormented, starving, waiting, waiting. And the following night I again tended the light. But the small supply of spare wicking we kept in the gallery had become exhausted and quite suddenly at about midnight the light went out. There was nothing I could do. Wicks were stored three levels below. Nothing I could do, nothing. From time to time I'd strike a match to see the clock. And when I did it lit up the million red eyes about us. All about us, watching, waiting. Below it had grown quiet, it cleaned us out and now they too were waiting. All waiting. And then the rats quite suddenly were silent. And then I heard it. And then I saw the sky and the stars. The rats were gone. Yes, out there on the water a small freighter, a banana boat, came softly and innocently at us. The light was out. They didn't know. I wanted to open the windows to call out to them, to warn them somehow. But I was afraid what if the rats were hiding from me, tricking me. And so I waited. She grounded very softly on a reef, not 200 yards from the key. Grounded so gently that the man playing the cornet was he a passenger, a crewman off-watch, didn't even stop playing.  I could have told them to save their fuel. The tide was rising, would have floated her free. And I waited. That's the story. The sun came up and there wasn't a rat on the whole key. Every last one of that terrible army had deserted us. They had gone back to sea on their new ship. August, insane as hell, and he never recovered. And Louis, they took him into Cayenne where he died of blood poisoning from his bite. Life on three skeleton keys isn't bad these days, but sometimes when I see a strange vessel approaching, I get a little nervous. Can you blame me? Somewhere on the seas there's a little banana boat without a crew. That is without a human crew. Suspense. In which Vincent Price starred in William M. Robeson's production of Three Skeleton Key, written by George Tuduz and adapted for suspense by James Poe. In just a moment, the names of the supporting players and a word about next week's story of suspense. Supporting Vincent Price and Three Skeleton Key were Ben Wright and Lawrence Dobkin. Sound patterns by Tom Hanley and Bill James. Listen. Listen again next week when we return with another tale well calculated to keep you in suspense. America listens most to the CBS radio network.


All right, yeah, so we're here. Hi. Hi. Introduce yourself. Yes My name is Karim Mager-Bortugin and I'm from University of Tsukuba and we are demonstrating 3D displays here and it's class-free and You can see the 3D images without wearing special glasses or goggles So what am I seeing here? Yeah, you are seeing a 3D virtual scouts floating off the screen and they enhance reach How does it, is that magic? No, no. Yeah, it's always not magic We display multi-wheel image on the back screen and using the lens array and the large aperture lens to distribute them to different angles So then the multi-multiple viewpoints are generated around here Yes, and you can observe them with a binocular parallax and motion parallax That's so cool. Yeah, thank you So this one is with a similar structure and it's a virtual image type So which means the 3D images will be constructed far behind the display Constructed behind the display? No, no, no. It means the depth will be Far behind it's just for depth the viewing depth not the So the viewing angle may be a little narrower in the display because from the side. Yeah, yeah, there is nothing at the side So you have all the different views. Yes. Do you have we have 11 in the horizontal and 6 in the vertical And what's happened here? Yeah, it's amazing. We are using this kind of a transmissive display Like this you can see my hands. Yes, and the transmissive display here and we use it two layers And yeah, I have to look. Yeah, you can see. Yeah, it's a transmissive display. You can see my hand. No, hello Yeah, yeah, yeah, and which means The layered the image plane will make a two-layered real image here and with a different depth So we call it volumetric imaging which means 3D images with volume and This is this device is like a one one plus one integral imaging plus volumetric imaging and those two are Normal integral imaging with a one layer of real and virtual image Yeah, is there a way that your technology could be used for huge Holographic home display that everybody will have I think I think we can you can yeah Yeah, I think we can but we haven't tried it yet But you have it huge you need a much bigger back back. Yeah, we need to really the screen is yes, the whole area. Yes, so So it's just Yes, we got a bigger one. Yeah, actually we need a big big Monitor to display the real images and we also need a big lens array and a large aperture lens Yes, I think we can do that and the lens array you can do it. Yes, you just need What do you need the display supplier to do today to provide you with something special? No, I think we can use the normal displays they are selling As soon as they have a big Size and the high resolution does it help to have a more brightness? Yeah, exactly especially the Macro LED display for AK. Yeah. Yeah, and we we love that and we want to use it With a large size and high resolution. Also, we make a big lens array and I think we can generate a big 3d displays and The little lights that I see around is it possible to get rid of those? Actually, we are working on that because the light environment is a little bit Complicated and the reflection is a little bit huge. It's better in the dark room. Yeah If in the dark room it the image will be pure pure. Yeah huge especially the Skull floating here, it will be more pure. You need to close the whole thing around. Yeah, that'll be fine but we are considering to do some Adjustment to the lens array or AR coating or something to eliminate the reflection As soon as we can. And what what do you show here in this paper? Yeah, so The integral imaging is It's an old technique, but I think it's attractive, but the new the innovation part of our demonstration is the Elemental interleaved lenses the normal lens normal lens. It's a Fresnel and it's The the seam of the lens array will be distinct. So we use a new designed Structure, it's it's interleaved the prism is interleaved. So the light will be mixed and The seam of the lens array each of the lens will be less distinct that helps us to get a high better image quality and Especially with the real image device the the transition with between view and view will be more smoother So be like that and we are So we did these devices so do you like the devices? Yeah, thank you with the team. Oh, yeah, yeah I'm actually from the visual media lab of University of Tsukuba and This works our our lives teamwork. So We also considering other Direction of the research so for example to make it small and make it like a see-through AR display Yes, that's our future work see-through. Yeah, see-through.  Yes. Yes And especially for this device, we want to combine it with a haptic system to make a virtual button So the haptic system will give you the haptic feedback and the word the hours display can give you the Image of the 3d 3d. So you can touch it and with the haptic feedback But you actually didn't I actually are not touching them because it's virtual Yeah, I think we think that's cool. You need to make him laugh And actually we have a CG on here and I will show you give me a sec Yes, we have a Hatsune Miku dancing there Yes What's the resolution right now for each? Yeah, it's like 400 times 400. It's not very high because The the number of view is large and the resolution of the monitor is not very high. It's okay 4k. Yeah, we want to use it. It was 8k or 16 16k.  Okay Thanks very much to ZXS to be one of my sponsors here at the display week 2023 ZXS is based in Shenzhen and I will be doing a video very soon with them Featuring their transparent displays all led LCD light box ads machine So thanks a lot. I did video with them nearly 10 years ago when they were doing tablets and now they do these cool devices Thanks a lot for watching Check them out


Hi everybody happy Sunday. I'm Joe Jaspie and that is 2021 tops museum collection baseball love this stuff pick your team 18 Second half of the case that we must have popped open The other night big thanks to Everybody here for getting in on the action. Thanks for buying your team straight up So bill ended up with that last spot mojo star next to his name with the Red Sox Thanks everybody for getting in and then we did two different RnB is random number blocks Here the results of the first one. This was the Yankees one Etc. And here was the one that featured the angels and all those other teams Good luck everybody box number one. So there's four mini boxes four hits per master box. There's a hit in each one of these That Sunday night baseball on the background White Sox leading the Brewers 3-1. I think the White Sox are getting They're getting Eloy Jimenez back pretty soon. They're getting Luis Robert back He's on a rehab assignment. I think so White Sox could be a pretty scary team in the playoffs. They've got the pitching.  I suppose wherever Wherever Chris Ryan goes, that could be considered the blockbuster deal. Ooh a gold frame. He bet just went on the IL There's Andrew McCutcheon one out of 99 Vlad Guerrero senior to 150 Exposed edition that's gonna go to the Nationals That's so we'll go to that digit right there eight fifty eight out of 150 Washington eight is Cody And the Phillies one that's part of the other number block group starting with the Angels So that'll be for Cody as well with number one Philadelphia one. Let's see what we got here behind Kyle Lewis is Two color relic and autograph three color relic and three color dual relic and autograph Kessen here. That's for the Brewers Brewers are a number block team So that'll go to Brewers for Milwaukee for That's for Corey that one Here's the sketch reproduction and a Josh Donaldson 27 out of 99 quad relic a couple pieces of his lumber That's for the twins Chad. Oh would a player like Josh Donaldson be on the move and Frank Robinson is Another Kessen here 19 out of 25 Milwaukee nine Sean oh with Milwaukee nine right over here. All right gold frame. Good luck Gold frame gold ink eight out of ten Derrick Jeter autograph the Yankees are a number block team So that goes to Yankees eight now in New York eight Yankees eight is Cody Congrats to you man. All right, and that was just the first box Rex saying what the out and out of four Jeter that same one, but out of five sold for 1200 It's pretty nice next box. It's a good start I know it's the final white talk beat the Brewers and Lantlin was like like Ohtani today Take all the base car drawn off the top There's Derek Jeter again 16 out of 150 goes to Yankees six hits Silver ink autograph yard on Alvarez 37 out of 99 Jackson with the strokes behind Joe Maurer Eric Hosmer seven out of ten for the Padres Harry with the Friars Padres adding Adam Frazier Via trade behind Glaver Torres is dual relic an autograph Brandon Lau jersey and bat Rays are a number block team numbers on the back I'll go to raise zero. That's 190 out of 271 Tampa Bay zero is for Sean oh And behind Max Scherzer. Does Max Scherzer get traded anywhere? Is a quadrallic Vlad Guerrero, Jr. 71 out of 75 having a pretty incredible season Toronto is A is a number block team part of that New York group so that's 72 out of 75 So Toronto to Will be for Chad Next box Ohtani with 35 home runs fastest ale player to reach 35 home runs Pretty good Good luck next one Twins and Byron Buxton unable to reach an extension so Buxton could be on the move I think he's having a pretty solid season Rays Tampa Bay Rays end up trading rich Hill to the Mets Of course Rays acquired Nelson Cruz a couple days ago. There's Ryan Mountcastle for Darren and the Orioles 34 out of 150 Jackie Robinson Dodgers Dodgers for Dodgers for is Dean Frank Robinson reveals a Mike Yostromsky 213 out of 300 for the Giants Corey with my rivals Kyle Lewis reveals a Ryan Zimmerman relic 35 out of 50 Nationals five is for Eugene the Bob Gibson reproduction reveals a quartet of Red Sox Xander Bogarts piece of JD Martinez is bad Raphael Devers and Chris sales 68 at 75 they're having a great season Bill Norton last spot mojo and if this guy comes back healthy To sit at the top of that rotation To get really interesting and we've got a dual relic and autograph Dustin May Poor Dustin May Was on the cusp of a breakout season and then went down with the Tommy John surgery not good But he'll be back 169 out of 271 Dodgers nine Dodger Joe mojo, who's gonna get that? That's Corey with Dodgers nine nice halfway through this half case break. Good luck Nationals backing down Stephen Strasburg throwing program that guy Well, if his body did not betray him How amazing would Stephen Strasburg be he'd be pretty amazing? Where does Scherzer go? He's in the last year of his contract I don't know how much the nationals really get teams aren't really gonna give up too much for for a rental But he could change the rotation of any team Especially any playoff team and next one. There's Casey Meyes You know him in a 78 out of 99. He'll be back soon. I think that the White Sox could be a really scary team in the playoffs It's Mark with the White Sox All right behind Garrett Cole Is Tori Hunter 37 out of 100? Twins chateau picked up the twins straight up There is a rolled his Chapman three color patch 23 out of 25 Yankees three Will be Sean O'Leary with the Yankees three speaking of the Yankees right Alec bomb Reveals a dual relic an autograph Kevin Bijio blue Jays That goes to blue Jays nine. That's 89 out of 271 Toronto nine That goes to Corey and a quad relic Clayton Kershaw 66 out of 99 Dodgers six That's for Sean. Oh two boxes to go So who ruined from on Marquez to start Jonathan Loisica. Come on starter goes seven innings Ten strikeouts one earned run It has to take the loss or take the no decision All right, here we go with this one. Thanks everybody for getting in Two boxes to go this one and then the one in the back solid break so far. There's the babe Ruth 136 out of 150 Yankees six That'll be for Sean Sean. Oh Sean oh Dual relic an autograph mark Burley remember mark Burley white socks Mark are with the South Siders 83 out of 271 We've got a quartet of raves Ronald Acuna jr. Get well soon Ozzy albies Freddie Freeman and Dan's v. Swanson That's 11 sorry check that 11 out of 99 Cory with the Braves Team USA men's basketball lost to France Gonna slip in a turnover Sloppy this isn't sloppy though Fergie Jenkins 91 out of 100 Classic cub here going to Corey in Chicago Cubs and behind Casey Meyers for the Tigers is Former Tiger Justin Verlander That's 43 out of 50 of course, this is Astros edition going to Jackson and the final box. Good luck everybody Alright, there's Boba Shet 49 out of 50. That'll be for Toronto 9. That's gonna be for Cory, there's Joey Votto 81 out of 150 for Chris Chris Walker and the Reds and the final four hits. Good luck The autograph is Brady Singer 111 out of 200 Silver, Inc. archival autograph for the X-Line and the Royals the Royals straight up behind the reproduction is a Nice patch Nico Horner 21 out of 35 It's red, white and blue patch in there Cory with the Cubbies two more to go behind Joey Bart Quad relic Jesus Lizardo 47 out of 75 Oakland 7 Cody with Oakland 7 and the last one Two-color dual relic and autograph. That's Devin Williams 47 out of 50 for the Brew Crew Milwaukee a number block team Milwaukee 7 Cody with Milwaukee 7 and that is that I'm Joe for Jasper's case breaks calm that was 2021 tops museum collection baseball six-fox half case break pick your team number 18 I'll see you next time for the next one on Jasper's case breaks calm. Bye. Bye


Hello, Didier Stevens here, Senior Handler at the Internet Stone Center. I had a couple of questions about my last diary entry, finding Metasploit and Cobblestrike URLs. So in this video, I will explain what I wrote about in this diary entry and then also answers the questions. Now it started with a diary entry by Brad. So let's open it, where he shared a capture file. And it's about a Quackbot infection with Cobblestrike. So if you go down here in his screenshots, Brad always had a lot of screenshots. That's very nice. So here you can see a couple of HTTP requests. And this is Cobblestrike as Brad points out. And there's actually a way to recognize this based on these letters here in the URL. And that's what my diary entry is about. So I have here the capture file of Brad. I renamed it so that the name is a bit shorter. So let's take a look at this capture file with Tshark. So Tshark, the command line tool to read capture files. So option R to read a capture file. And then here you get the summary of all the packets in the capture file. Let me interrupt this. If you use option V, per case V, you get the complete packet 3 for each packet and the complete 3 view dissection here frame one all the values. Then Ethernet, then IP version 4, then here IDMP and so on. So that's here the complete dissection for each packet. Now by doing this, the URLs will also be listed in that packet dissection. Let me interrupt for example HTTP as you can see here now we have HTTPS. These are for CRLs, but we will also have some for get requests. Let me filter. So let me do a display filter like this for HTTP. And here you can see the different URLs for the HTTP requests like this one here that Brad pointed out that this is cobalt strike. Now you can do a calculation on these letters here and this will give you an indication if indeed this is something suspicious or not. And that's what my Metasploit tool can do, MetaTool and you give it command URL8. I will explain immediately what that is like this. Okay. And you see that now it's selected to URLs and it tells you okay the checksum is this value here. Okay. So what is this about? When Metasploit shellcode and also cobalt strike shellcode when they download the stager they will do a request HTTP or HTTPS request with a domain name, a host name or IPv4 address and then slash four characters, four random characters like you see here uppercase w capital w lowercase j s uppercase h uppercase. If you calculate the checksum the byte checksum so the 8-bit checksum of the ASCII values of those letters and if you then take the model of 256 and so the least significant byte of that checksum then you end up with a value and if that value is 5c for example exodysmal then you know that you are dealing with Metasploit URL well likely dealing with Metasploit URL I will explain why that is likely but not certain. And if you go back to my diary entry here at the beginning I post here a screenshot from the source code of Metasploit on github where you can see the different values. So 92, 80, 88, 98, 95 these correspond to different stages 92 that's 5c exodysmal so that's what we have here so let's do a calculation so byte entry and let's print the ASCII value ordinal of uppercase w so the first letter in our part you can see that is 87 and you can do lowercase j 106 okay so you have to add these values together I'm going to do that here with a small discontention so ord of variable i for i in w jsh like this so now here we have the four values so the checksum is just summing those values adding those values together that is your checksum and it is called the checksum 8 bit checksum because we are only going to consider the eight least significant bits of that checksum and one way to do that is take the modulo division to see the remainder by 256 so the 256 different values that the byte can have and now you can see that is 92 and 92 corresponds to this here your right checksum in it w and so this is a stager for windows and now let's just print that out as exodysmal like this and you can see that is indeed the value of 5c so this is a small trick to to filter out your eyes that are potentially used by shellcode for example of metasploit or cobalt strike it is not a good method to go hunting for example in your proxy logs or in your full package capture files because that 8 bit checksum has a low entropy it's only 8 bit so you have 256 combinations so that's rather small for a checksum and you will find therefore often false positives so a URL with four characters at the end letters numbers and they are just legitimate they belong to a website but they happen to have also a checksum that is 92 an 8 bit checksum and that is because the checksum 8 bits yeah that's that's a low entropy you have only 256 possible combinations so if you take 256 random URLs well you have a chance in one in 256 yeah so you have high probability that in there there is a URL that conforms to this but of course it's not given that this is cobalt strike or metasploit what I do here is is the other way around I know of our suspect that I have something malicious from metasploit in cobalt strike in my capture or in my proxy logs and then I strike the URLs go through my meta tool will do the calculations and then report it to me so this is done by shellcode so it's not the actual cobalt strike beacon that does this so I'm gonna ask about this yeah cobalt strike doesn't it usually use HTTPS and indeed often you see HTTPS for cobalt strike so you will not find it in the capture if I like we find it here but here we are actually looking at the shellcode that downloads the stager and that in my experience that's more likely that it is HTTP instead of HTTP as I mean it's not all the time HTTPS will often find also HTTP now I have another example here of shellcode so that is that sc.vir that is shellcode that we also talked about in a diary entry a couple of months ago also related to cobalt strike and if I do an X dump of this shellcode here you can see the IP address at the end and then here for example the URL so that is the shellcode that contains sorry that was not URL that was the user agent string so this is shellcode that will contain that URL that downloads the beacon now the beacon is actually also present in in the capture file because that request here by the shellcode downloads the beacon and we can extract that again with T shark here so I'm going to read the capture file and now I'm going to export the objects all the HTTP objects and I will write them to a folder here the log or the current folder now this will very likely generate the virus alert so watch out when you do this so the file is being parsed and objects are being extracted and written to disk okay yeah and there you see the alert so the different objects that were found here in the capture file have been written to the folder here and it's actually this file here that triggers the antivirus and here you see the name that we analyze this is actually the downloaded beacon and that is something that we can analyze with my two thousand seven hundred and sixty eight so I launch my tool give it this file here and the cobalt strike configuration has been extracted and here you see the host names or IP addresses to which it will connect with with the parts and so that is something that you can find back here in brett screenshot here you can see and us all and submit and that's what we have here and us all and submit here submit for the post because as you can see here is a post the others are good and that's how the configuration is built up and logon secure windows x i z and this ipv4 address that's what we also find back here now why are we able to see this because this is HTTP and why is it HTTP well that's because the the attacker decided that it would be HTTP you can see this here at the beginning payload type windows beacon HTTP reverse HTTP so it's not HTTPS this one here is an HTTP and that is why we can read this but indeed often the beacons themselves will use HTTPS


We may want to take a deep dive into some of the issues that have already been placed in our lab. As you know, the judges were placed into the safety and public safety committee. That's off the table. We have nothing else other than the issues that were there. Let me tell you something. I think we can do that today. Y'all want to do that today? Yeah. This is not a problem. We can run it. If we can do that today, for us, I'm ready to do that. That would be excellent. We can do that. Yes, sir. We can do that in a second within the hour. I hope so. Yeah. We can do it in 30 minutes. Yes, sir. These were some outstanding items to clean up some of the boards and commission information and just have some resolution on some issues around boards and commissions. We have a list of action items from prior meetings with this group and some input from some council members related to the boards and commissions. What we provided is just a listing of each item that I think if we could just go item by item and decide on some resolution. There is, when we get to one of them, there is some input from staff. And when I get to that, I'll let you all know what that input is. Actually, let me forward you an email from Krista Hampton on that one. So we'll go ahead and get started. We actually have a copy. Ms. Ashley has provided us with a copy of the current board and commission handbook, which I know that there was some interest in having some standardized information and guidelines in the handbook. So I know we wanted to add how we would be appointing and reappointing to that as far as the odd and even days, I mean months before appointments. So that's in that bullet. Make sure we understand what we're advertising for the open positions on the odd month or even month. Odd month. Appointing on the even month. Yes, sir. So we will be voting on appointments six months. Yes, sir. And so we will add that reference to the guidelines. I mean to the handbook. So that's there. Also, you all had some concerns about the way we carry forward any applications. We could add that also to the guidelines. Because if they're not appointed, the applicant will need to reapply when another vacancy occurs. So that can be added as well. And then I think there was some desire to either beef up or add some information about attendance because there are some concern about people not showing up. No shows. A lot of the guidelines. The chairman of the committee could remove people for absentee. Nobody else could. Right. So to me to make it with council or the city manager like you have written. So there is a reference to attendance requirements on page seven of the of the handbook that we provided you. So we can update that information to say exactly what you're saying. Mr. Taylor. What I would do is I would just. That's the current. Now we could change that to two. If that's what you or add the reference to to no shows in addition. Yes. So we were thinking that that would be a no show. For example, if someone had a medical situation and they, you know, they were out for a period of time, we wouldn't want to penalize them for that. But if a person just has no regard for attending and just doesn't show up and doesn't have any valid reason, and that will be grounds for. I don't think actually we have that on the application. We don't have that now. No attendance. Yeah. But the city manager was the chairman recommend the council or the city manager. When they get accepted, do they sign like a commitment or anything? Because that might be a good opportunity to say, you know, on a like when accepting this position, I, you know, pledged to or whatever. Put in the. Okay. Yeah. When you submit it and maybe adding in a clause that says if appointed, I will agree to the attendance requirements or something like that. But I just was looking at it. It's on page seven. In addition to that, the process needs to be that they receive this. And we verify that they receive this and have them sign receipt of this as well. That's that would be good because it goes over everything. We get one invite judge though. I mean, I guess I don't think I don't want to get in an argument. You know, just you put it on the on the application that you know, send your meeting or just put on the application. Yeah. All rules or requirements are included in the boards and commissions. I mean, post this online. And that's it. I mean, no offense. If I got to tell you, you've got to come to half the meeting. I shouldn't put you in there. You start taking the best way to do that. You start taking some people off of these boards for not coming. Nothing.  You know, staff here probably have to sign a staff. Another task for us to do. Sure. But as long as there's a way for us to Standardly look at attendance across the board and be able to say, Hey, these books haven't shown up. Whether it's the chair submitting their attendance logs or whatever. We just need to be able to send the message that you have. You this is a commitment. And we expect you to change me that once we give this out. Well, and personally, I think having them. When the secretary gives them their documents that they need to have. They signed for it. That's accountability. I just, I don't, I mean, the secretary is going to be the one that has to Provide us with attendance records because we don't attend all these Boards and commissions. We're relying on the, the, the secretary or the, the liaison or the Person that's, you know, the chair of these committees to provide us With this information. So, you know, I don't, I don't think it's that complicated to ask Somebody to, you know, sign something saying they're in receipt of Something I can't tell you how many times doing HR people say, I never saw that and we'll say, well, it's posted online and They'll say, well, I never saw that. So I just, I think it's a necessary thing just to get Piece of paper and start getting attendance records from the Secretary's because we're not going to be able to say whether We're there or not if we don't have the attendance records. And I just, I'm just trying to, you know, And I think there are other, there's other information in this Document that really is pertinent to their being on a Board or commission. So I don't think it's just attendance. There's some other things that, that are, that are pertinent. And so we can add attendance to that, to this beef that up Because there's some ethics, you know, a conflict of interest And then in here, there's some other things that are, That are important. I would post it on match board. Sure. If y'all want to put that extra make people sign it, have at it. But post it. Can you post it on match board and do an e-sign actually? Okay. Yeah, as long as it's something you can do automatically online. Make it for choosing to just post it on match sign. Put a check. Put a check. At the bottom that you've got to check. That's reasonable. That's reasonable. Yeah. I like that. That's reasonable. That's good. That's a good, that's a good way to handle that. So going back to the removing folks. So staff would keep us updated from the secretary logs of folks. Are you just going to automatically clean them off? And make it vacant once they miss two in a row? Or do we need to do anything? I guess I was thinking the easier way to do it is that we just take them off. Yeah, I mean if they violated, then yeah. And Ashley and Joe have done some of that with one committee. They've sent them notice that you are going to be removed for, you know, excessive absences. Okay, cool. Works for me.  And then we could give you all, you know, a list or a report or provide some information to let you know that person. Because you would want to know if somebody you appointed gets removed because they didn't show up. So we can have a process of notification to you all. The process will already have been, you would have already set the process. Our job then is to just make sure that we've been notified that there's a person who's going to come off. Yes, sir. Don't you think that would be the right approach to do that? Yes, sir. So I think we've gotten pretty much handled that first bullet. Yeah, we've got to. Now we've handled all those. So the combining board of adjustments, that's the... One person can serve as a member of each one of those boards. Is that what you call on? I think it's going to be hard to come back. Well, I think legally because of the different functions, you can't have one deal. So what we would do is if you're appointed to what we would call those... If you're appointed to one, you're appointed to all. So it's the same people on all three. Most of these committees have never met. That's true. Some of them have never met.  Because you have to have them. But you have to have them. Yeah, if somebody wants to make a repeal.  It would just be... If you're appointed, you're appointed just like Dr. Busser said. But you can't... In that way, if there ever is a meeting or multiples, they can have them. One adjourn, start the next one, adjourn, start the next one. I'm glad you don't have to have them. So I will ask legal if there's any issue with having consistent members on all the boards. And then, Prisa did say that you could eliminate both of form-based codes all together. And I'll ask legal about that. Okay? I think what you... The question really is, somebody's so long-term, if you're on one, does it prohibit you from serving on another? If you're on one, does it prohibit you? If you're on one, does it prohibit you? I think that's a good... Let's go with it. Or is it just what we would recommend for council? Right, that would be a council recommendation that you guys wanted to do that. Is there a formal vote that has to be made on that? I don't think that... Yeah, they're in the ordinance. So we may have to change the ordinance. So we'll check to see if it's an ordinance change. And then you all can make that as a recommendation when you report out to council. The next one, we have some boards that... I think you got to live in the city. And there's other boards that I think is okay if you just work in the city. Well, I think that's... We're going to need some conversation because in the past what we've done and folks submitted applications may be about the side of the city. They had worked in the city and submitted that under the city and not outside of the sort of on the community relations group that we just had. We had quite a few that do the live nor work in the city. Yeah, and they had the Richland County District. Here's where I'm coming from. You know, I think if it's a zoning type issue or plan permission, BOSA, DVRC, you got to live in the city. Because age tax, if you want a hotel or restaurant in the city but live in the county, I mean, I'm fine with that. But I don't... I guess what I'm saying is things that... You can have an unwritten policy. I don't care. But there are things that evolve that every day quality of life you need to live in. So, what about if we were required for our land use committees that you have to live in the city? And that would be Board of Zoning Appeals, DVRC Planning Commission. Because we already have them split up into buckets of, like, you have advisory committees, community impact, funding, intergovernmental and land use. I really don't... Sort of the opinion that BOSA, DVRC, those things remain. I think that they're probably going to need some additional conversations. Well, it's like the Appearance Commission. You all have to live in the city. Yeah, that's right. That's right. I mean, you know, honestly, I don't have a big problem making saying you got to live in the city because they serve on the city commission. That doesn't bother me a bit. Well, actually, Pam, if we did that, that's what we've been doing, right? Trying to adhere to it. But living in the city and serving on the Board of Commission. Well, for some of them, we've allowed people who just work in the city but don't live in the city. Yeah. I think land use definitely... As long as you're getting into some of these committees, we like hotel deals. And I mean, to find a hotel, you know, from on the A-Stats Committee, to live in the city is virtually impossible. And then the intergovernmental boards and commissions, you know, they... The preference has been that those people live in the city. Because a lot of times when they're intergovernmental, people are appointing from other localities like Lexington and supporting people from Lexington so those two sections... And again, this is a little dated because there are some things on here that have sunset and aren't here anymore. Really, the funding was the H-Tax and the A-Tax of the only two really that... Could you say something like priority is given to those who live and work in the city in our section process? That says that you don't live in the city. I'll be medium here. I have no problem making it easy to say sticking with what council said in the past saying you gotta live in the city. That's what we've done. We just don't advertise that there are exceptions to it. And I think, you know, one of the issues actually that we ran into in the past, of course, again, we had folk applying side of the city that they worked inside of the city to leave that area. You mean they lived outside of the city? They lived outside of the city. And they used their work address. Yeah, that happened. And also, you know, some of the boards and commissions have very unique positions that they're recruiting for. And we had their limited people who had the qualifications for some of those. Like you're an architectural engineer or something. But those people lived... those people worked in Cologne. I'm just giving you some reference. They don't have to live with it though. That's true. I think we need to just get... back to Chase. I just think if you live in the city and you apply for the board or commission, you're qualified to do that. So are you saying that it will only be people who live in the city? Well, we've done live or work. We've done both. The last council made it... You live in the city. We've done both. We've done lived or worked in the city. I think that's probably... I mean, an interesting story. Just so you know, Richland County had somebody who lives in Wood Creek come visit me the other day. They wanted to be on... they don't apply for board and commission. They had also applied to Richland County to be on the planning commission. Personally, I wouldn't say that. The county told her point blank. This is interesting. Unless you live in the county, you can't be on the planning commission. And I'm looking at this lady going, you know Wood Creek is in Richland County. They said, if you live in the city, we disqualify you to be on the Richland County planning commission. Now, interestingly enough, technically... That's what I told her. I said, technically, I can understand that they don't... somebody who doesn't live within the jurisdiction that this committee has planning control over voting on things. But as a taxpayer in Richland County, you've got to help a legal case. Right. My point here simply is, the other areas around here are not letting... If you don't live in their intergovernmental area, they're not going to let you... So, I think... I think that that should be a recommendation that you all make to the rest of council. You'll be in the city. But if that's our current policy, what you said... When did I say that? I said, I meant to say you could live and work. I quote, the previous council changed it to where you had to live in the city. I think that was actually... No, that was Ashley. I didn't say that. Yeah. No, I didn't say that. Well, that's not getting to the point. Let's not... Let's be real honest about it. If you live in the city, you are eligible. Bottom line, I suspect if you want to get down to it, that would be illegal. But that's... You're exactly right. Well, it's really up to you all. What you would like to do, if you wanted to be that they live in the city, and that's the requirement, then that's fine with me. Because I know of several instances where folk lived outside of the city, worked inside, applied with a city address, were elected, and then they bound out. Sure. I'm sure that happened. What I encourage you to do is give yourself some flexibility, because you will have someone as a candidate that you may be interested in that you think is... or someone on council was interested in, they work in the city, but they don't live in the city.  I don't have... I think, consensually, we've decided that it's... Concretized. Concretized on living in the city. There was another good one yesterday. I'm trying to remember what it was. The best quote ever. The best quote ever he had yesterday for Diabetes Month is something good is in life. I am making that into a t-shirt. Something good is in life. You remember in Dix, the birds chirping in the tree? Yeah. You told my consequences. Hey, I'm with you, brother. That's consequences, right? Pam, are we clear? Yes. We can discuss it if you want to in a city work session. I think the best thing for us to do is a simple thing. Works for me? Absolutely. I would tell you, the University of South Carolina pretty much says you have to be a University of South Carolina. You've got to be a state resident to serve on the University Board. Because it's a state board. Yeah. I put it on Match Board, too. Checkbox. So I'm a resident of the city and I live within the city of the University of South Carolina. Checkbox. Great. So the next group was the sunsetting of some committees. And those committees are listed and when they last met or their next scheduled meeting. So we were going to talk about either sunsetting them at the next Should we, do we have to I guess we'd have to say them at the next meeting. Which ones were sunsetted. And then have it on record and then have the plan for if it's not the next meeting or hasn't already occurred then state the date of the sunset. I thought I heard Ms. Herbert say that the last meeting was the last meeting of the affordable housing task force and she had to spin it off into something else. She had turned it into many sub, she had turned it into some sub-committees. Yours did sunset on homelessness. It was started as an ad hoc of course. Didn't it have a sunset deal? Yeah, on September 21st. It was six months. And then the advisory committee we had talked about since we're going to give that equity study to community relations that they would kind of That's modernization committee's done. So there I don't know if we have to sunset some of these, I'd say equity you say is done or we moved it to community relations. Right, community relations council. That's gone. Affordable housing, I'm pretty sure I thought I heard her say that. No, I think that she just said that instead of one big committee into like a development sub-committee an advocacy sub-committee and so they are still meeting. Okay, then that's not a sunset. We need to vote on how I would keep that one until we know because they're like launching a campaign and yeah. Four term rentals, we need to give them a sunset. Howard will Howard, you know what's going on. I mean, I'm not going. I think this thing is being extended out in the effort to try to recruit additional votes. That they may not be there and I mean it's causing upheaval and they should be able to reach a decision by pick the day, March 30th. So if we did that and we sunset it at March 30th that simply means that you got something to take. They got to bring it or end it March 30th. Why are you saying that? I'm open for discussion. Well, I think March 30th is an appropriate time. I think March 30th. Which anywhere? I don't care, I don't care either but I think we need to I was just saying that in all of court. That's fine. I think they're letting them know that they need to have something for us. Like a report out from that. Let's not set it out in March 30th. Okay. This may also solve itself considering some stuff that's happening at Richmond. I think I thought you were going to tell us that. Tax modernization is done. Let's just say for example the county where the only in commercial not in residential that only applies in non-incorporary residents. They got no security or security notice. Okay. So really the ones we're going to continue is short-term rentals and affordable housing. Right. Let's just make sure just for the record. Those things that are sun-setted are the advisory committee. Yes sir. Tina's committee the affordable housing committee we broke that up. It's staying though. It's staying where it's at. It's being constituted. I think it should be left as it is. They're just meeting in smaller groups. Yeah. They have two subcommittees. That's sun-setted. Good. The next bullet was administrative policy committee to vote on the method to appoint council members to boards and commissions. Rotate every two years or based on term limits. For example about things like Bull Street commission comment I think that if we where we have just two appointments or whatever these things if we rotate our council members across every two years time or at least offered it or at least offered it. I think we ought to this way. We ought to appoint today we just appoint you to the comment board at no certain time. That's right. I think it would be and I know it takes time but I think it would be most helpful with every member of the primary city council to rotate through the comment system for just for two years at a time in understanding that bus system. I would also say that sometimes what happens to this human nature you know this part better than me that we serve on these boards to be advocates for the citizens not necessarily advocates for these boards.  Again do I want to be on the comment board for four years? Absolutely not. Would I like a two-year term where I understand the impact and the financing of the bus systems and bring a fresh look from the city's perspective on an ongoing basis like the bus stops downtown and things like that. I think that would be helpful so I'd like to see us make that recommendation to council that all the current and the second piece of that would be current numbers we just need to think on the current numbers if they serve for more than two years we take everybody that's sitting in this position and say okay you're as of January 1st or whenever you are appointed the two-year term begins then you roll off two years from there. In other words you have four, interestingly enough we have four new council members and three and some of the three have been on boards for three and four years and then the same thing with the COC I mean everybody ought to have to be on the COC board for at least two years so you understand what the current thing is and again I mean it's something you gotta you know me and Will and Howard Will's the vice chair of the COC That sounds good to me Yeah it does and I think what I hear you saying Martella is that two years every person who sits around the table has the opportunity to be in conversation with a board like Thomas and it gives an overwhelming view of what's taking place in that bus every member and here's the exception if you're in a leadership position it's sort of a second consecutive for example Mr. Brennan is the vice chairman of the COG this year the opportunity to be the chairman next year I would not want to take that away from the decision to come Okay So it does so getting back Councilman Taylor about how you start do you want us to get you a list of people who are currently on you know because I'm following you to say do you start it and then they serve two years and then you switch them or do you go ahead and figure out who's been on for two years already Here's the issue because of the way our elections run every two years if we go to January we can appoint people who may lead by not running for reelection or not winning in November So the question would be if people are certainly become been on it for a year so everybody stays on their position there until January of 24 Okay and then when the new council convenes in 24 firms rotate at every election time we're never losing people in the middle of a two year time Okay that makes sense Y'all I mean if you think this is something that's good we probably have a couple folks that might not like it so we probably it gives an opportunity for leadership to sort of spread its wings and of course I've never served in the comic book Never it would give a person an opportunity to serve and to get a full picture of what that bus system is I mean just comment but it could be certainly applicable to anything else I mean it's all a comic full street commission Lake Murray country Transitions Transitions Tell me about that Who's that now Who's that now That's cold Midlands housing alliance I was like there's a housing there Midlands housing alliance Anyway I just I think Definitely That's a good idea Make the note that the council member is in leadership position or in line for a leadership position they can I think Howard right now I think is chairman of the bull street Will is in line we wouldn't take Howard out in the middle of his chairmanship but if Will is in line to be the next chairman of the god it can be very good for the city department you wouldn't want to take him out easily Makes sense Your next bullet was consider if appointees can serve on two competing committees and be appointed to the same committee for another jurisdiction while serving on a city board I have a problem with that and that's why I've asked for an update about rotating off the chair for the age tax because she can't serve as both Richland county and city assembly What is a competing committee We were referring to this individual who's on Lexington That's the second one Let's just say cannot serve or cannot be appointed to the same committee for another jurisdiction Yeah, but there could be something that's named slightly different but serves the same purpose I mean, it's just a word but my thing is The only reason I'm making that up is the two competing committees implies it's internal Got it So, do you want to think of the example that you were thinking about one committee you want to make that a separate bullet serve on one committee at a time because of the exception of our appeals Yes, sir serve on only one committee at a time and you cannot serve on the same committee for another jurisdiction as ours Let me ask you this You can't serve on a committee for another jurisdiction I mean, that's kind of like dual office holding a little bit of that Can you be on the age committee for the City of Columbia and the Planning Commission where it's in town I think you could I don't know that there That's not complicated this thing Only serve on one city committee That's correct And you can't be appointed to the same realistic roles And Ashley Maybe it's you, maybe it's Tina Saxon but just can you keep us updated about the age task committee because we do need any chair Yeah, they met they met because that was Missy's presentation last night I know that came out of their most recent meeting The H tax met They met Those recommendations came out of H tax? No, I know that they met recently I was just because she was talking about all that I'll send an email I thought it was January, I could be wrong I know they have a meeting to do that but I think they had a meeting most recently but we can verify that because they do have a meeting to do that Right, Mr. Taylor That's coming up Okay, so we'll check on that Administrative policy committee to discuss term limits for the citizens advisory council to Columbia Police Department So I don't think the citizens advisory has term limits, let me I think we're here globally is there a term limit I know there are some Yes, there are some for specific ones, but there's not a global term limit My only concern with that would be if there's some statutory reason why they have a particular term limit I mean we can look and check on that That's just my only concern Is it not somewhere in the policy where there is a term limit? So in the guidelines or in the documentation for a lot of these they have term limits that are stated and they're different though I mean some are shorter than others but they vary They're kind of a little bit all over the place actually It just depends on the committee but I do think there was some reason why those boards or commissions chose their terms whether it be for consistency, continuity I think that was some there's some reason for it I don't know if we would want to do it the same for everybody We know that there is we know that perhaps there are term limits They're different They're different for every board and commission I mean some of them I don't think there are some that don't have term limits at all They don't have term limits at all and then there are ones that have specific term limits The other question is would you want to set term limits for those that don't have term limits at all and then leave the other ones I think we should have a standard for your term for those that don't have term limits If there has not been if there is not a term limit set poker just sort of served forever why not set this thing at either two or four years at the two year rate there's everybody an opportunity to either rotate in or rotate off and get a taste of that but I think it would be to our higher advantage to look at a four year term Yeah I think four years fine but I also think we have some issues with people that have been sitting on particularly aged tax for way longer than that How long the term are you talking about? Four years and there's not a term listed currently I don't think so For citizens advisory councils you can serve up to two consecutive terms of four years so eight years Do you think that's too short? Eight years? No you said four years She's talking about one term one term is four years and then two consecutive terms What about non-consecutive terms? What about two terms? Period So for some of these where there's these random ex-officio members and stuff that's like not What do we do? There's like random committees that people have appointed these fake ex-officio members and they aren't in statute or anything I got a level I agree with you I have a problem with that Age tax There's one that's even worse than that Freeing a parent They got 11 non-voting members That's actually the next bullet For example we have somebody who gets direct funding from age tax serving as ex-officio for the last 25 years If we need institutional knowledge it's called a phone or email and you can pick up the phone or you can email them for information So what's the process to change that? I don't know that there is a process I mean I think that it's just something we've done and I guess you could Right You can stop doing it Who is weep? Council The prior councils You can put these non-voting members on Yeah But for 25 years I know I already just sent an email to all of you What do we do? Can we bring this up at work session and get consent from everyone? Here's the issue I totally agree with what you do I think we gotta adopt the policies Right now we don't have a policy Okay so I would say that we cannot have non-voting members That's what I'm saying Like you said I think there had to be a consistent that we need to adopt a policy that simply says that you want to have ex-officials members and if you've got how many folks did you say a few minutes ago? 11 folk 11 folk on CPAC and then a couple of folks that have been participating on H-tax for 20-plus years Well it would seem to me that there be some policy as it relates to non ex-officials Do you need to have ex-officials? No, because they're not in statute They're not in the ordinance, these are made up things and they show favoritism and no transparency and I have a problem with that My point is if we don't need ex-official members then we don't create a policy that would cater to ex-official members being on board today So the next bullet then Pam would be administrative policy or there are no non-voting members on our board and commission, period What you basically said the only people that are participating as members of board and commission are appointed by the city I mean that's the bottom line That's the bottom line That's what you do Our participants must be appointed I guess we need to notify those people who are in that space They're no longer How many folks on CPAC? And here's what you do Those folks are nice note As we clean up our policies and make things better we notice that the new policy we encourage you to if you'd like to continue as an active member of a board to apply And also you can always listen as the public But I I mean I'll say the specifics I mean we have one but the only music festival is some of the ex-officio member of H-Tax and this is no commentary on whether they do a good job or a bad job You can't take one entity that is a receiver of public funds and make that person an ex-officio member or a board and not be accountable to the appointing authority Yep Correct Same thing with CPAC So I think then the next step So now that we have these Are these things we have to then formally adopt? Or are they adopted because we have created them? It has to be formally adopted I think Some of them anyway And I think that there are several that you all need to recommend to all of council as your recommendations And I guess at that time they could adopt the ones you all are recommending because the ones that you all So like the basically like the policy related ones so the change board requirements to live in the city administrative policy that we're going to do everybody has two years and then the last three on the back I would like to see that at our next work session or whenever we are all together and get it moving Okay I think our recommendation would be what you said not bring this straight up at council so what we saw last night where it comes to surprise and grants and if you have this recommendations to council we talk through them and then we go vote Do we have to vote on administrative policy? That's my question I know that some of these with name change that's an ordinance change but could we just all say we've consented Yes, it's not a vote you just need to It has to be consensual Unless the tree ordinance one that's an ordinance That would be the only one I think because there's an actual ordinance that we'd have to change so we could do that at a work session and just at the very beginning of our conversation I said that there would probably be some subjects that we'd have to do that we need to have a work session to talk through and of course have other colleagues Yes I think what you've done today worked really well Now we will bring these as recommendations to the work session versus starting from scratch That's correct If we recommended this then the will of the council is going to agree with our recommendation or disregard our recommendation Exactly We three of we were one shot Yeah So we're good on next steps So I have a question about the number of people on a committee Right So like food policy has like 25 people and then you have others that have like eight people And so I'd like to have us consider making a recommendation in terms of like 25 people to me is not a committee it's a small conference like you're not at that point getting the viewpoints that you need some of these committees unless there's some state statute or something to maybe 10 to 15 people 25 is a lot Yeah it's a lot of people and I think that's a conversation of course I think we could I totally agree with what both people were saying as part of the work session discussion would y'all identify the committees that have more than 15 I was going to say more than 14 and there's a reason why I picked 14 because that 14 would be technically if you wanted to say everybody got two appointments but we don't want to do that but pick the number you want to say 11 I don't have a problem with 7 if we could govern with 7 on council we could govern with 7 The only thing that is an issue is if if you do have a situation where some you have people who are absent and you have it too small then they're not able to have a quorum I agree I think that's why the number like 11 odd number is always a good number Yeah if you could bring that and then our formal recommendation to council would then be that we would like to revisit the maximum number of people allowed on board so our recommendation would be 11 Okay so get you a list of all committees with 11 or more member more than 11 and then your recommendation is that you limit those to 11 members unless it's required there's some state statute for example has requirements to hoteliers restaurant but I don't think there's a certain number of people either they're like something like maybe 11 to 15 people it's not 30 people right it's not as big as the food 8 tax is small as well okay alright yes sir good work I think that completes our task today thank you very much for your interest thank you all thank you


Hi James, this is Ashley with Hawksmore Toyota. Thank you so much for your recent interest in the ePricing for our 2016 Sienna. When I hid and added the pricing in this email, when you get a moment please give me a call. My number is<PHONE_NUMBER> or you can also email me back. Thanks. Bye.


Just to make sure everyone is willing and able to help us in the event of an emergency, we just need a verbal yes from all of you. So good morning, everyone. Murray Ross, I'm vice president with Kaiser Permanente, and I lead the Institute for Health Policy, your host today. This is the third in a series of forums that we initiated last fall. We held one on mental health and wellness, one on telehealth, and we're trying to drive some conversations in a different way, and we're very pleased that you're able to join us for the day. I think you'll find it rewarding. We have a pretty tightly packed agenda, and we're going to do our best to stay on time because we have a couple of hard stops for some of our speakers. But we will make time in every session for a question and answer. There are standing mics, and you'll be able to find them. A couple of things. Keith just mentioned the location of the restrooms. Take breaks as you need them. We're not that formal. You can feel free to refresh on coffee and food as you wish. There are a couple of other events going on here at the same time, and we're trying to keep mutual peace between the groups so we don't wander into their events and them into hours. So if you need to make a call, maybe step into the doorway or even outside, it's reasonably warm. Let's see. A couple other things. Lunch will be available at 12.30, and you'll have an extended chance to chat with speakers and your colleagues in the audience. But again, you can feel free to bring sustenance back to your table. And anyone that you see with a blue square button on their lapel is staff, and you can ask them for help with whatever you might possibly need. I'm going to ask our first two speakers to come up, and I'll introduce you guys in a second. I just want to call attention to the handouts on your table. There's a couple of brief papers in there that you may find of interest in public opinion polling on drug pricing and on paper delay. And also, we are live on social media today, and you can see the hashtag drug prices and also KPIHP. That's the Kaiser Permanente Institute for Health Policy. So without further ado, I would like to introduce my colleagues from Kaiser Permanente. First Dr. Steven Perotti, who's Associate Executive Medical Director for the Permanente Medical Group. That's our northern California physicians. And also, Executive Vice President with the Permanente Federation, which is the umbrella group that represents all of the Permanente Medical Groups nationally. And in addition to his clinical responsibilities, he also handles external relations and public policy. And joining him will be Tony Beretta, who is Senior Vice President for National Government Relations with Kaiser Permanente. And for those of you who know him, Tony is one of the national experts in drug pricing. And it is both his passion and his avocation. And you don't get to have two hours for this morning, Tony, but he will be available throughout the day. So gentlemen, thank you. So first of all, I want to extend a warm welcome to all of you. And I really very much appreciate your attendance for this extremely important topic of national import. And I want to actually talk to you from two different perspectives. One is a physician leader, and then also one is a practicing physician. As a physician leader, one of the responsibilities I have in northern California is oversighting of the operations for our 21 hospitals and the 88 contracted skilled nursing facilities that we provide care for our 4.3 million members in northern California. If you look at the rising drug costs that are impacting hospital care in the United States, you only need to look at actually a 2016 American Hospital Association sponsored survey of 720 community hospitals and 1,400 other hospitals that have a group purchasing organization. So a total of almost half of the hospitals in the United States. And the cost of drugs, unit costs over that time period from 2013 to 2016 was 23% year over year. And this wasn't due to innovation in drugs. If you look at the utilization of drugs during that time period, it only went up 1%. If you look at the types of drugs in terms of the unit costs that went up, they went up between 300 and 3,000%. These are not new drugs. They're ones that we've used day in and day out for up to 50 years, sodium nitroproside, isopraternal, Tylenol. This has direct impact on the ability for us to innovate in other parts of health care. Because we've had to change the way we practice to accommodate these drug prices, one of the hospitals that was surveyed actually said that because of this impact on drug pricing, we've not been able to hire 50 nurses or social workers to address the social determinants of care that our patients are facing. Those are the real impacts that are occurring. Within Kaiser Permanente, we've done everything we can to effectively address this question. Whether it is changing our practices or formularies, our order sets, informing our physicians through drug education that's not sponsored by industry, all of those things have been put into place. But we have gathered you here today to address the direct public policy implications and issues that we need to do. This is something that can't be done just at the front line level. This is something that we need all of your help in. I want to talk to you also about the direct patient impact just briefly. I'm in a practicing infectious disease physician and have an HIV practice. And I got a secure message from one of my patients about three weeks ago. He's someone who I've followed for 16 years and actually my colleague who I inherited his practice had taken care of for 10 years before. So he is an HIV survivor before there was highly active antiretroviral therapy, before there were drug cocktails.  And he was saved by medications and the drug cocktails. And today, I'm happy to tell you that he was able to get off disability. And in fact, he has spent the rest of his career working, placing his fellow HIV survivors in homes, in housing, in the district where I work. And he's recently retired. He's now on Medicare Part D coverage. And his secure message to me was, Dr. Perotti, I am so happy that I'm here. I'm retired. I can no longer afford the co-pays for that one pill once a day regimen that you now have me on. Can you recommend some generics that I can take? And all of you know that the generic medications that are available for HIV today, those costs have not come down even though they're generic. His actual co-pays would go up in that setting rather than down. And in fact, we've had to find other ways and other means to help him. But that's the real-world questions that we are facing today. Those are the things that we need to address here. We need to be able to take care of our patients in a value-based manner. So thank you all for coming here today. And I'm going to turn it over to Tony. Great. Thanks, Steve. You know, thanks everybody for being here today. This forum is one of a number of forums that we're holding in a series of subjects. But as Murray suggested, holding a forum on prescription drug pricing is something that's both close to my heart and close to my mind. It's something that I've worked on intensively for the 24 years I've been with Kaiser Permanente and throughout my career. For a big chunk of that career, one of the great honors of my career was to be able to be the lawyer and policy advisor for our pharmacy program. And what I learned in that process was the passion that you just heard from Dr. Peroti and from our pharmacy team is consistent and has been consistent for decades. It flows from a concern for our patients, the people that we're charged with taking care of. And it flows from the frustration of the fact that despite managing pharmaceutical care and pharmaceutical benefits, as effectively as any group of people on planet Earth, it is not enough. We are still not able to get a grip on the rapidly escalating prices of prescription drugs. And this is for an organization and a group of people who truly believe in pharmacotherapy and truly believe that access to prescription drugs is essential to be able to take care of our patients. So we're very happy to come together here to talk again about what's going on, what policy options might be available, and how can we move to ensure both that prescription drugs are developed, that new drugs come to market, that we have a robust research and development facility in this country and around the world, and at the same time, people are able to access the drugs that they need. You know, I was thinking about what's been consistent over the time that I've looked at this subject and what's new. I would say what hasn't changed at all in the last quarter century around prescription drugs and the prescription drug marketplace and prescription drug pricing is we still have the same structural market dysfunctions that exist, which are natural, that you would have in any circumstance when you have government-granted monopolies in order to incent certain behaviors and what happens there. When you have broad third-party coverage of something and the impact that that has, and counterproductive regulations in some cases that systematically lend themselves to increasing the prices for prescription drugs, those things haven't changed. We still face the same challenge of balancing intellectual property protection with access. The things that are new and are different and have changed, and I think that's one of the reasons that we're focused on this today, is that just to be really blunt about it, pharmaceutical economics outruns everything else in the American economy today. I was at a conference a couple of weeks ago and I think it was Bob Galvin who had made an observation that of the Fortune 20 companies, a quarter of them are in the drug distribution business, not pharmaceutical manufacturers, people who are either in the business of wholesaling, warehousing, or paying for benefits for prescription drugs. Now if a quarter of the highest revenue companies in the United States are in the drug distribution business, that tells you that the underlying economics of the products that they're exchanging in this process or the financing that they're developing is very high relative to everything else that's going on in the economy. And I think that is a natural result of the fact that over the last quarter century we have seen systematic increases in costs of prescription drugs relative to everything else and frankly relative to everything else in what is also a rapidly escalating health sector. So there are issues across the health sector around affordability, no question and we're very interested in continuing to work on those issues as well. But pharmaceuticals is far outpacing everything else. The other thing that's new and this is a problem, is just breathtaking pricing decisions by some drug manufacturing companies. Some of the things that we're seeing are things that you would think 20 years ago would not be done simply because of the public outrage that it would generate. For whatever reason, and there's probably theories on why this is, pricing has become unhinged. Pricing is not controlled by gravity the way it once was. And I think part of the reason for that has been a shift in the way that drugs are developed. Drugs once upon a time were developed by large institutional drug manufacturing companies that had large research engines behind them. They brought awesome products to market. They had a public responsibility as large institutions and they did a great job. In the last few years what we've seen is rather than an internal drug industry research and development system, it's become much more scattered across the economy with small biotech developers growing up. And where the drug companies come in is they're forced to bid against each other to acquire the molecules in order to take them the last step to bring them to market. And the bidding that goes on across those companies is a highly competitive process which requires those companies to build huge war chests in order to compete against each other. And that is a piece of what's driving the spiraling in the drug prices because they can and in some respects they have to in order to perpetrate this model. That needs to be questioned and we need to figure out if there's a better and more effective way to bring drugs to market. And the last thing that's different is people care today in a way that they didn't many years ago. Some of the research that we've seen, some of the public opinion research that we've seen is very different than it's been before. And we'll hear about some of this today. 77% of the public, when surveyed, thinks that the cost of prescription drugs are unreasonable. That's way above what we've seen in the past. Most registered voters, whether they're Democrats or Republicans, think that dealing with prescription drugs should be a high priority for the Congress. And we're seeing more voices in the system than we had before. Once upon a time, you did not see patient voices showing up in this conversation concerned about the cost. They would show up concerned about access and whether or not controls on access were problematic. But now we are seeing real stories of real people really affected by the cost of prescription drugs coming forward. So it's easy to be cynical about what can and can't get done here in Washington. But I think we can also draw some hope from what's going on at the state level. We have state legislatures that are taking this issue on. We've seen numerous bills and bills passed around drug pricing transparency. And so that is simply gonna be fully informing what's going on in the marketplace. And it will help bring more attention to this problem and will encourage more people to seek out solutions to the problem. So I wanna, again, thank all of you for being here. I think it's terrific to get a very broad, diverse and thoughtful group of people together to talk about what's a big problem. And we at Kaiser Permanente are very honored to be able to have the time to spend with you. So Murray, without further ado, I think we should get on with the program. There we go, okay. Okay. Thank you.