Back in 1964, a quark model was proposed by Murray Gilman and George Zweig to help explain protons, neutrons, and the wide variety of newly discovered heavy particles like pions and caons and others. The discovery at Slack in 1969 that the proton has three parts constituted evidence that quarks were real. One of the key things to remember about the theory is that quarks are so strongly bound together that it is impossible to study one on its own in order to determine its properties. This means that all we know about quarks is derived from the properties of the particles that bound quarks create. We call particles made of quarks hadrons, meaning heavy. In studying hadrons we find two kinds. Those with two quarks are called mesons, and those with three quarks are called baryons. All quarks have a spin of one-half, and the sum of quark charges needs to give us the charge of the hadron. The baryons we've seen so far are the proton and the neutron. Quark theory has it that there are two flavors of quarks that make up these baryons called the up quark and down quark. Protons have two up quarks with one down quark, and the neutron has one up quark and two down quarks. In order to get the correct charge of the proton and the neutron, the up quark must have a positive charge that is two-thirds the charge of an electron. The down quark must have a negative charge that is one-third the charge of an electron. The down quark must also have a little more mass than the up quark for the neutron to have a little more mass than the proton. Note that the sum of the quark masses falls far short of the mass of the baryon. This indicates that there is a lot more going on inside the proton than we've seen so far. The up and down quarks are the lightest and most stable quarks, and all other quarks will decay into these two over time. The two masons we've seen are the pion and the kaon. The positively charged pion has an up quark and an anti-down quark. The negatively charged kaon contains an anti-up quark and a third kind of quark called the strange quark. It was needed to explain the length of time it took the kaon to decay. In addition to the up, down, and strange quarks, we have discovered the charm, top, and bottom quarks for a total of six. One of the key rules seems to be that they can only combine in combinations of two or three as long as the sum total of charge always equals the charge of an electron or a proton or zero. So armed with quarks, physicists intensified their search for some of the three quark particles predicted by Gilman and Zweig's theory, the lambda, psi, and omega baryons.


Back on the PV diagram, in the segment from state 2 to state 3, we dump heat from the gas to the cold reservoir. This cools the gas and reduces the pressure, which allows us to compress the gas using less work than we obtain from the expansion segment. That's the key to the engine's operation. We have to transfer that same amount of heat from the hot reservoir to the gas in the heating segment from state 4 to state 1. This heat is wasted in the sense that we don't get any work out of it. This motivates us to look for a more efficient way to implement the heating and cooling of the gas. The wasted heat is the gas heat capacity, 3 halves Nk, times the temperature change delta T. This gets dumped into the cold reservoir. We can never get this back because heat only flows from hot to cold, and the cold reservoir is the coldest object the gas comes into contact with. The reheating of the gas requires the same amount of heat to be transferred from the hot reservoir. And this will cost us, typically in burn fuel. We can cut this waste in half by cooling the gas in two steps, each with temperature change delta T equal to one half the total temperature change T hot minus T cold. For the first step, we connect the gas to a reservoir at temperature T medium, midway between T hot and T cold. The temperature change is half what it was before, so the transferred heat, QE, is also half what it was before. Then we connect the gas to the cold reservoir to reduce its temperature by delta T again. This transfers another QE of heat. So now only half the total heat extracted from the gas is wasted. The other half is stored in the T medium reservoir. To warm the gas from T cold, we reconnect it to the medium temperature reservoir and extract the heat we stored during the cooling process. Then we connect the hot reservoir and transfer the second half of the heat. We have to make up for this by burning fuel. But we've recycled half of the heat required for heating the gas and so cut our fuel costs for this process in half. An obvious extension is to add more intermediate heat reservoirs. Suppose we transfer heat in four steps, each with temperature change delta T equal to one fourth T hot minus T cold. In the first step, we attach the gas to a medium hot reservoir and transfer one fourth of the total heat to it. Then we transfer the same amount of heat to the medium reservoir, then the same amount to a medium cold reservoir. And finally, the same amount to the cold reservoir. We've now wasted only one fourth of the total heat transferred. For heating, we can extract three fourths of the required heat from what we stored in the intermediate reservoirs and then generate only the last one fourth. A device that implements intermediate heat storage is called a regenerator and it's essential to making a sterling cycle engine as efficient as possible. Generalizing what we've done, we could heat and cool the gas in M steps, each with one over M of the total temperature change and hence one over M of the total heat transfer. Only one of these heat transfers would cost us, the rest would be recycled. A practical regenerator implementation might use a tube through which gas is transported between hot and cold chambers. The intermediate heat reservoirs are placed one after another along the tube, gradually heating or cooling the gas depending on the direction of flow. In principle, using an arbitrarily large number of intermediate reservoirs, we can reduce the amount of generated heat needed for the heating and cooling process to an arbitrarily small amount. If so, we end up getting the heating and cooling parts of the cycle for free, so to speak. There's another way to get free heating and cooling of the gas. We can make use of adiabatic expansion and compression. In an adiabatic process, the gas is thermally insulated. There is no transfer of heat. Suppose the piston moves from position X1 to X2. From the ideal gas law, the pressure equals NKT over V. We multiply by the piston cross-sectional area to get the force, which replaces V with X. And the internal energy of a monatomic gas is three-halves NKT. The change in internal energy, DU, equals three-halves NK times the change in temperature, DT. By the first law, this is the negative of the work done by the gas, minus F DX. Substituting for F, this becomes minus NKT DX over X. Consider the second and fourth expressions. Cancelling the common N and K factors, dividing by T, and multiplying by two-thirds, we get DT over T equals minus two-thirds DX over X. The corresponding relation between temperature and piston position is T2 equals T1 times X1 over X2 to the two-thirds power. When the gas temperature changes from T1 to T2, the internal energy change is three-halves NK times the temperature change. And this is converted into work done on the environment. For compression, we simply reverse the direction of the force and move the piston from X2 to X1. The gas returns to its original temperature, T1, and the work done on the environment during expansion is now done on the gas. An expansion compression cycle returns everything to its original state. We say that adiabatic expansion and compression are reversible. Replacing the heating and cooling segments of the sterling cycle with adiabatic processes, we obtain the Carnot cycle. We start with a gas attached to a hot reservoir in the piston and position X1. The gas undergoes isothermal expansion to piston position X2. This is identical to the sterling cycle and produces the same work on the environment. An equal amount of energy flows as heat from the hot reservoir to the gas. Now, instead of attaching the cold reservoir, we insulate the gas and expand the gas adiabatically to position X3, causing the temperature to drop from T-hot to T-cold. This produces additional work, three-halves NK T-hot minus T-cold. Now, we attach the cold reservoir. Since the gas is already cooled to this temperature, there is no heat transfer. The gas is isothermally compressed from piston position X3 to X4. This requires work NK T-cold log X3 over X4 to be done on the system. An equal amount of heat is transferred to the cold reservoir. The gas is insulated again and adiabatically compressed back to the initial piston position X1, with the gas temperature increasing back to T-hot. This increases the internal energy by three-halves NK T-hot minus T-cold, which equals the work done on the system. On a PV diagram, the first segment of this cycle is identical to the thrilling cycle. Isothermal expansion at T-hot takes the system from state one to state two. Then, adiabatic expansion takes the system from state two to state three and reduces the temperature from T-hot to T-cold. Isothermal compression at T-cold takes the system from state three to state four. Finally, adiabatic compression heats the gas from T-cold to T-hot and takes the system from state four back to state one. Isothermal expansion converts heat Qs to work We equal to NK T-hot log X2 over X1, just as in the first segment of the thrilling cycle. Adiabatic expansion converts internal energy to work We equals to three-halves NK T-hot minus T-cold, as the gas cools to T-cold. Isothermal compression converts work Ws to heat Qe equal to NK T-cold log X3 over X4 and adiabatic compression converts work Ws equal to three-halves NK T-hot minus T-cold into internal energy as the gas warms back up to T-hot. This is equal to the work we got out of the system during adiabatic expansion, so we get this reheating for free. From the relation between volume and temperature for the adiabatic segments, we find that X3 over X4 equals X2 over X1. So the heat flow and work for the isothermal compression segment are identical to this thrilling cycle. As for the thrilling cycle, the area enclosed by these four curves equals the net work produced by the cycle. If the temperatures and the piston positions X1 and X2 are the same, then the thrilling and Carnot cycles generate the same net work. Let's summarize our findings for the Carnot cycle. The net work generated is NK T-hot minus T-cold times log X2 over X1. To get this, our hot reservoir has to provide heat energy NK T-hot log X2 over X1 during isothermal expansion. The cycle efficiency is the ratio of the output work to the input heat energies. These expressions have factors of NK log X2 over X1 in common, so the ratio depends only on the temperature factors, which we can write as one minus T-cold over T-hot. The efficiency is less than one, or 100%, by the ratio of the cold-hot temperatures. For this thrilling cycle, the net work generated is the same as for the Carnot cycle. But the heat supplied by the hot reservoir is greater because in addition to the isothermal expansion term, we also have a term for the heating of the gas. It follows that the efficiency is less than that of the Carnot cycle. Now, as we saw, in principle, the heating term can be made arbitrarily small by using a regenerator. So we found two heat engine cycles having different efficiencies, and we've seen how the efficiency of one can be increased. This raises the question, is there a cycle with greater efficiency than the Carnot cycle? Or can we find a trick, like the regenerator, to improve the Carnot cycle? The answer to this question leads us to the second law of thermodynamics, which is the topic of the next video in this series.


Now, last year, the UK recorded its highest ever temperature of 40.3 degrees Celsius. And on the news recently, we've seen devastating floods, droughts and wildfires worldwide. My next guest is Hannah Cloak, a specialist in extreme weather and professor of hydrology at the University of Reading. She has appeared on TV, including in the Panorama episode Wild Weather, Our World Under Threat. And she was a subject of the Life Scientific on Radio 4 in 2021. Welcome, Hannah. It's lovely to be here. When did you first discover your fascination with water and geography? I wonder if I was actually just born into water because, you know, when I was a little girl, I was just fascinated by it. And we used to go on holiday to Devon to see my grandparents every summer. And I just used to throw myself into the sea and, you know, go paddling in Dartmoor rivers. I just spent hours and hours in the water. So I think it was there from when I was very, very small. I'm sure that my mom and dad influenced me as well. That's amazing. I love that. But then water can also be quite a devastating force on the world. So could you talk a little bit about that and, you know, the research that you do now? So I do love water. I love the sound of rain. I love flinging myself into rivers. But I'm very aware that, you know, these things can turn into monsters. So heavy rainfall, rivers can turn fluddy. And they will absolutely devastate communities. So it's really interesting being very fascinated by water and how it moves around the planet. But you're being very aware of how dangerous it can be. And that's really why I do what I do. So I'm interested in flood forecasting and warning people, making sure people can get out of the way of dangerous floods. Now, it seems like some scientists perhaps are a bit reluctant to kind of pinpoint the cause of some of these extreme weather events as being because of the climate crisis. What's your response to that? Yeah, it's an interesting question because it's always flooded. So it's flooded since before humans existed. And we've always had heat waves and there's always been forest fires. So it would be wrong to say that every forest fire is caused by climate change. What it does is it makes it more likely. So we see more of them, sometimes they're more frequent, sometimes they're more intense. So floods can cover more land. They can be more violent because of the fingerprints of climate change. So it's really important to distinguish that because we can't just go around saying, oh, this flood is definitely because of climate change. But we can say that it's more likely because of climate change. And the fingerprints of climate change are there, which means that we need to take it seriously. So it's almost like there's the effect that we're having on the planet is to make things a little bit more riskier in the sort of natural disaster regard. Yeah, that's exactly it. The risk changes that factor. If it's going to happen more often, it's going to be worse. Yeah. And how good are we at predicting the next flood or the next extreme event like that? We've got some really good models now. So we have huge computer models of the Earth system that can put together how the atmosphere moves around and what's happening on the land surface and in our rivers. And we're actually pretty good now at saying whether a natural hazard like a fire or a heat wave or a flood is going to happen, even sometimes two or three weeks ahead. So is that enough? Is two or three weeks ahead, I guess, enough to respond to that adequately? So it depends what you're trying to do. So if you're trying to get people out of the way, then you need at least a week sometimes to prepare all of that stuff in advance. We only tend to hear about things a day in advance. Somebody says, you know, actually, tomorrow it's going to rain really hard.  But behind the scenes, people are moving around, putting equipment in the right place, going on alert. And with this kind of, I guess in the longer term, if I'm, you know, from my perspective as structural engineer, I've been involved in, you know, urban planning and looking at cities and so on. How can we use the kind of modelling that you do to maybe better design where human beings decide to settle down? Yeah, humans have a tendency to live in very dangerous places. We like water, right? We want to live next to rivers. It's really pretty living next to the river. And, you know, it's really functional. In London, it's, you know, really nice place to live. People want to live there. It's really expensive. But it can be very, very dangerous indeed. So we have this legacy of people living in really, really dangerous places. But we can use the same types of model that we use when we're forecasting whether a flood is coming next week. We can use that to work out what the risk is of any types of floods coming along. We can say, you know, these zones are dangerous zones. Do not build here. Perhaps even move people out of the way. And then these places, you know, there is still some risk. So you need to adapt your homes or your businesses. And what kind of time skills are you able to make these predictions on now? So when we're thinking about an upcoming flood, so it's going to flood tomorrow or next week, we can say with some confidence whether that flood is going to happen. But when we look a long term and we think about our changing climate, we can see how likely those types of floods are to happen in the future. And some of the things we're most worried about actually do flash floods. Those ones that are really difficult to predict in the short term. And, you know, sometimes they come along in an hour or something. A big thunderstorm happens and it sweeps through the streets or or along a river. But we know that they are getting more likely in the future. And warming climate means we're we're holding more water in the atmosphere, heavier rainfall, more intense rainfall, more flash floods. What about the scene kind of more globally? We've I guess we've talked a little bit more specifically at the UK, perhaps. What what's happening on the worldwide basis with flood prediction? Some of the most vulnerable places in the world are desperately in need of much better flood forecasting and warning systems. A lot of those places, you know, they don't have enough funding to really get to grips with some of these global models. So it's about working together with partners, perhaps in Mozambique and Bangladesh, places that are very filled with floods often. And a lot of people die every year from these types of floods. So the more that we can support those countries and provide kind of the infrastructure and work together with them to help them get the warnings to the people so they can get out of the way of those floods, the better. Yeah, seems like it's it's one of those things where, you know, the more we come together, the better our responses can be and so on. So quite a big challenge. It's a big challenge. It is a big job. The world is a very big place. Yeah. And we do have global models and they do provide like flood forecasts and floods, heat wave forecasts. But actually getting that message to the people on the ground, that's really, really tough. So you can only really do that at the local level. So, you know, you're moving from global and, you know, environmental models to actually psychology at the local level. And that's a big chain of chain of events completely. So now I'm going to ask you a completely different question, which is poetry. Apparently, I've heard that you've written some poetry. There's something about the brain, isn't there, doing arts and science together? I mean, is that something you quite enjoy? Yeah, I think as a scientist, I was a bit wary about it, thinking that there's a bit unscientific. Let's not do that. You know, people will laugh at me. But actually opening up that different way of thinking actually generates new ideas. And you actually start to think in a different way as well and communicate in a different way. So I work with now with artists, musicians across the board, do a lot of work with museums. And it's brought a lot and much richer way of communicating things like flood risk. Yeah. I mean, it sounds like, I mean, I know this, but, you know, arts and sciences, if we need to talk to each other, then we can learn new things from each other, which which is brilliant. Yeah, and not be frightened, not be frightened to do so. 100%. So that's that's really great. And is there something that you would be devastated to lose if it got swept away in a flood? It's really important actually to focus on that when you're trying to communicate to people whether they're at flood risk and what's actually going to happen to them. Because if they just think about, like, how much rain is falling or how high the river is, it means nothing to them. But if you pick something that's really precious to someone, so for me, that's my grandmother's music box. You know, she gave it to me. Sadly, she's passed away. It means a lot for my childhood and it sits on my shelf. And I always imagine, you know, how would I feel if that got swept away in a flood? And to me, that's the real meaning of being at flood risk. Yeah. And I guess it's a it's a way to explain the risk to other people, like you said, that, you know, it might feel like a very distant. Yeah. And they have to imagine it. So they have to be able to imagine those floodwaters in the house putting their possessions at risk, perhaps putting their family at risk. And you need to help that imagination along. So those types of precious objects are really helpful to do that. Just to change scales a little bit again, but the welcome trust, which some of our viewers may be familiar with, has recently started talking about how climate change is a health crisis. You know, what are your thoughts on that? There are so many links between climate and health. I don't think I could cover them all now. Well, I pick a couple. I mean, last summer, we saw absolutely intense heat in the city. We went over that 40 degree barrier and it was terrifying. And it meant, you know, thousands of people died. And that, you know, that's pretty severe. And that's in the UK. We're not even thinking about places on the planet where it's absolutely inhospitable to live. So heat is a giant killer. It's a silent killer as well. So we don't it's not like a roaring floodwater coming through your house. You know, it really picks the vulnerable people as well. So that's an obvious example of where climate and health are so intricately linked. Thank you so much for chatting to me. It's been fascinating to hear about really what's a major problem worldwide. But also, you know, like you said, the psychology of the family or the person or the community that then has to respond to that on a local level. So I really appreciate your time.


idea actually. Can I put you in the trash can to stomp the leaves down? Okay, I'll just toss you in. Just stomp it down. Stomp, stomp, stomp. Throughout today's story, I'm going to have five cards show up in the upper left right-hand corner. Those cards are going to be all about the swamp cooler. I've made many a vlog, many a story about our lovely, lovely swamp cooler and the challenges that we've had with this thing. So, right, Joseph? So, we're finally closing it up for the winter and I've got an update on the swamp cooler, you know, for you. Alright, here we go. Let's put the ladder up. Alright. Oh, thank you. First, we're draining the water for the final time in my entire life. Explain that in a second. Here's the deal. We are not turning on the swamp cooler next year. If you're new to the channel, basically, well, if you're old to the channel, you know this has been a saga of misery the last, well, really the last two years. And more than that, where we have had challenges with a leak in the swamp cooler, we've had professionals out, we've had neighbors come over, nobody can figure out the leak. So, we're not going to turn it on next year. We're going to either we're going to buy a portable, probably going to buy a portable swamp cooler that just plugs in in the house, and that is that. We're through. We're through with it. It's just enough is enough. Life is too short to be fighting a swamp cooler. And Seth is watering the yard. Boys will be boys. I caught them in the act. Alright, so that's the update on the swamp cooler. We're just done with it. We're done with it, right, Joseph? Yeah. We are done with it. Alright. Time to go down. Just a fine, fine evening in the neighborhood if I might say so myself. Alright, the sun is set, but the day is not done. The work is not done. Winter rising, the yard, fertilizer. This is the last fertilizer of the year. You got to do it in Colorado. You got to do it. I'm sorry.   I love it. I love it. They don't know I'm watching them right now. Okay. Fertilizer's done. For bad.


An important concept that's related to the span of a set of vectors is the independence or dependence of that set of vectors. A set of vectors is said to be dependent if one or more of the vectors in our set can be expressed as a linear combination of the others. The set is independent otherwise. It's easiest to think about dependent sets as having redundant elements. And it's important to remember that it's the set of vectors that are dependent and not any specific vector. And mathematicians are a strange group of people because one of the things that we like are problems. And in this particular case, this concept of independence or dependence raises the following problem, given a set of vectors, v, determine whether they are independent or dependent. And so the problem then becomes we want to know whether any of these vectors can be expressed as a linear combination of the others. But which vector? So let's think about that. Again, a little analysis goes a long way. Suppose that one of our vectors can be expressed as a linear combination of the others. Well, I can write down the equation and I can rewrite it so that all vectors are on the left. And buried someplace in here, we have this minus one times our vector that can be expressed as a linear combination of the others. So what can we do next? Well, something that makes it easier is to remember that consistency counts. It's easier to look at things when they are consistent. And in this particular case, most of the things on the left-hand side are scalar multiples of a vector. The only anomalous one is this minus one times our vector that can be expressed as a linear combination of the others. Well, minus one times a vector is the same as plus a coefficient times the vector. And so all of the terms on the left-hand side can be expressed as scalar multiples of the vectors in our set. And that leads us to an important conclusion. If a vector in our set can be expressed as a linear combination of the others, we can express the zero vector as a linear combination of the vectors in our set. Now it's important to notice that we got to this conclusion by starting with the idea that the set was dependent, that we could express one of the vectors as a linear combination of the others. But what if we didn't know that already? Well, we might start with our equation once again. And by inspection, which is to say just looking at this equation, we know that there's one solution if we make all of these coefficients A i equal to zero. But what if we have a solution for A i not equal to zero? So then our equation becomes this, and someplace buried in here is that non-zero coefficient. So I'll solve the equation for that term. And because the coefficient is not equal to zero, I can multiply by negative one over A i. And this gives me V i as a linear combination of the other vectors. Now if I put the two sides together, what I see is that if I can express a vector as a linear combination of the others, then I can write the zero vector as a linear combination. And here's an important idea. In that linear combination, at least one of the coefficients is not equal to zero. We call this a non-trivial linear combination. Likewise, if I can write the zero vector as a non-trivial linear combination of the vectors in our set, then I can isolate one of those vectors. I don't know which one, but I definitely can isolate one of them and express it as a linear combination of the others. And so this proves a very important theorem in linear algebra. A set of vectors is independent if and only if the only solution to linear combination equal to zero is to have all of the coefficients equal to zero. This means that we can determine if a set of vectors is independent or dependent by solving a system of equations. For example, suppose I have a set of vectors, and I want to determine whether the set of vectors is dependent or independent. So our theorem says that we can determine this by looking for the linear combinations that give us the zero vector. So we want to try and express zero as a linear combination of the vectors. And so this gives us the augmented coefficient matrix. And since all of our constants are zeros, we can omit them in our row reduction until the very end of the process. So we'll row reduce our coefficient matrix. We'll restore our constants, which are still zero, and then use back substitution to solve for x3, x2, and x1. And because the only solution to this linear combination equal to zero is the trivial solution, all of our coefficients are zero, it follows that the vectors must be independent.


Hi friends welcome back to my channel and welcome if you are new here. I have another WW instant pot series for you I have two absolutely delicious comfort food One is comfort food. One is Chinese food. They're both amazing recipes for you that are both WW friendly and easy to make in your instant pot for busy nights that you just don't have time to cook It makes it super easy. It's a 1 p.m. Cleanup So excited about these recipes. So if you want to see what two instant pot recipes I have in store for you just stay tuned For tonight's instant pot dinner We are making mac and cheese with meatballs and we're gonna pair this with a side of veggies I cannot wait to make this mac and cheese is amazing in the instant pot And we're just gonna add our protein right to it. I cannot wait So let me show you what is in tonight's dinner first. You're going to need some pasta I'm gonna be using my very favorite pasta in the entire world. This is the fiber gourmet light elbows I love this pasta. You can see that it's loaded with 19 grams of fiber 8 grams of protein only 23 net carbs and it is non-gmo. It is so good It tastes better than regular pasta. It holds its shape. It does it holds its consistency It really truly is amazing and the best part about it You can have an entire for only three smart points traditional pasta you guys two ounces five to six smart points So it is half the smart points and I'm telling you it is the best. I buy this off of net triton's website I find it's the least expensive. They have hundreds of ww friendly products go over and check them out There is a link down in my description box Click the link and you can place your order directly from the link if you need some suggestions on some things to add To your cart feel free to leave that down in the comments below But definitely definitely get yourself the fiber gourmet pasta.  These are the turkey meatballs. They are fully cooked Now you can use any meatball that you would like just make sure you adjust your point So these particular meatballs you can have two of them for three smart points. I believe Let's look on the back here Yes, two meatballs is three smart points lastly We're just gonna pair that with some California style veggies. So let's get started on tonight's instant pot dinner So go ahead and grab out your instant pot hit your saute button that basically turns that on gets it into saute mode We are going to add Four cups of our chicken broth or basically this entire box. It says three to four cups I always air on the higher number just because I want to make sure everything gets cooked thoroughly through So I'm gonna go ahead and add in the entire box I'm also going to add in my bag of Trader Joe's frozen turkey meatballs Careful not to splash those all around and then to that we're gonna add four tablespoons of I can't believe it's not butter light And I went ahead and just measured that out on my food scale And then all of our seasonings so first onion powder and you guys know I don't measure I just kind of wing it I tend to also over season things just because I like my food with a lot of flavor I did not show you time, but we also do want to add a little bit of time in as well I don't know how I missed that on the ingredients list So sorry about that and then also some garlic powder Same thing. I'm just going to kind of wing it and then last but certainly not least We're just gonna add in a few shakes of our salt And then we're gonna keep this on the saute function Until our liquid has started to steam and that means that it's gotten nice and hot our butter will melt Our meatballs will start to get warm and then we'll move on to adding in our pasta You can see the steam rising off of that liquid. That is exactly what you want now We're ready to add in our bag of pasta And we're just gonna kind of just give it a quick toss just to make sure the pasta gets Submerged in the liquid and then we're actually going to put on our lid We're gonna cook this on high pressure for six minutes, and then we're gonna do a quick release So I just hit the manual release here on my instant pot We're gonna let all of the pressure get out open up the lid add in our cheeses and our fat free half and half So I just removed the lid. This looks really good. Looks like the pasta is done So now we're gonna turn this back onto the saute mode for about five minutes And we're just gonna let it saute cook a little bit more absorb a little bit more of the liquid and then we'll add in our cheese So I have it on saute. I'm gonna go ahead and add in my fat free half and half I'm also going to add in one ounce of Parmesan cheese I did just weighties out on my food scale And then I have 12 ounces of cheese total six ounces of the Trader Joe's light shredded and Six ounces of the fat free cheese, and we're just going to mix this together Again keeping it on saute mode for about five minutes That way the cheese gets mixed in with all of the liquid until we have mac and cheese that cheese will melt and Form a sauce and then that's it you guys it is that simple So I'll be back to show you our mac and cheese once we pull it off of the saute function and there is our mac and cheese It looks amazing. So we turned it off of saute So it is off completely We are going to put our lid on kind of sideways and just let it sit for about five minutes and continue to thicken up My veggies are in the microwave. I'll be back to show you my dinner and give you the smart points So here is my dinner for tonight. I have some of my California vegetables I went ahead and just sprayed them with a little I can't believe it's not butter spray Some salt and pepper for zero and then I have one eighth of the mac and cheese And I paired that with two meatballs So one eighth of the mac and cheese is five smart points And then it is three smart points for my two meatballs now This is where your points could vary depending on the meatball that you use But I'm counting mine as three for the meatballs five for the mac and cheese So this entire dinner eight smart points for tonight's instant pot dinner I am making veggie fried rice and I'm going to pair that with some chicken cilantro wantons So first let me show you what is in our veggie fried rice. You will need eggs an onion Soy sauce or coconut aminos, whatever you prefer Any kind of rice I really like jasmine. It's our favorite. So we're gonna be doing jasmine rice Frozen peas you can either do shredded carrots or whole carrots and just dice them up I have these left over from another recipe So I wanted to use them up and that's everything in the fried rice and then we're gonna be pairing that with these bb go These are from Costco. You could also use the Trader Joe's mini chicken cilantro wantons. They're the same So we're gonna be doing this I'm just gonna put these in the steamer basket or actually know what no I think I'm gonna go ahead and pan-fry these while the instant pot is cooking the rice So pan-fried wantons and we're gonna do veggie fried rice in the instant pot So the first thing we need to do is cook our rice Unfortunately, our rice has to be pre-cooked before it goes into the instant pot So I have one cup of uncooked rice with about one and three-quarters cup of water We're gonna let this start cooking through and in the meantime, let's get started on our wantons So the rice is just about done and we have our wantons going over here in a pan So let's start together putting together the part of our dinner. That's in the instant pot So the first thing I'm gonna do is go ahead and turn my instant pot onto saute mode I'm gonna take some non-stick cooking spray and just spray pretty Intensely the bottom and sides of my instant pot Let this warm up for just a couple of minutes and we'll add in both our carrots and our onions Once your instant pot is warmed up We're gonna go ahead and add some carrots the recipe wants about half of a cup of care or half of a carrot So I'm just gonna kind of add just a little bit of this shredded carrots to the bottom of my instant pot and then we are also going to add in our diced up onion and We're just gonna start sauteing this down until the onion becomes a little translucent and the carrots start to soften a little bit Once everything gets soft, it you're gonna go ahead and push it all off to the side of your instant pot And then we're gonna add a little bit more non-stick cooking spray on that one side And add our two eggs that we've kind of pre beaten up with our fork to the side And we want to just scramble those together It'll take just a couple of minutes about three or so for the eggs to scramble And then we'll start mixing in the onions and the carrots with the egg and add in the rest of our ingredients Once your eggs are scrambled We're gonna go ahead and pour in one cup of frozen peas And go ahead and give that a stir make sure you get that egg kind of mixed in Get it off the bottom of your instant pot And then we're also going to add in all of our cooked rice. So there is our cooked rice We're gonna go ahead and add that in and then again, we're just going to give this a big stir So here is our veggie fried rice when we have that soy sauce stirred in again It smells so good And then I've crisp up our wontons quite a bit just in a non-stick pan with a little bit of cooking spray And they got nice and crispy. So let me get this plated up and I'll be back to give you the smart points So here is my completed dinner. So I have one fourth of the veggie fried rice So it is quite a lot and it is only three smart points And then I decided to have ten of the mini chicken cilantro Wontons and ten of those is also three smart points. So this entire dinner six smart points Thank you for joining me on another WW instant pot series I hope you enjoyed seeing the two recipes that I shared with you. They were both Delicious, my husband ate all of the leftovers within a couple of days We loved the mac and cheese with the meatballs. That was super easy Definitely head over to nettrition. There's a link down in the description box to order the fiber gourmet pasta It's a lifesaver on WW and the fried rice was perfect with those mini cilantro Wontons and so easy and filling so definitely check out the recipes down in the description box Also in the box are all of my discount codes and links to my favorite things on WW So check those out as well. If you're new to my channel, welcome Make sure you subscribe hit the little bell so you're notified whenever I upload a new video I'd love it if you'd give this one a thumbs up It really helps out my channel and of course comment down below and let me know what you thought of these two instant Pot recipes which one of the two is a must make for you And it's okay if it's both of them and I'll see you guys all next time


You can build an IoT project and take control of it on your phone using Adafruit's Whippersnapper. IoT projects just got a whole lot easier. With Adafruit's Whippersnapper, you can connect I2C sensors and do useful things with your data. Capture temperature data to detect the humidity in a room so it can trigger a smart outlet and turn on a humidifier. Adafruit's Qtipi ESP32S2 is a small yet powerful IoT dev board that works great with Whippersnapper. Whippersnapper is Adafruit's no-code solution for making IoT projects with support for dozens of Wi-Fi-enabled dev boards. Dozens of IoT dev boards are supported and can be easily configured without having to install software or write any code. Now with support for Adafruit's STEMQT sensors, you can daisy-chain multiple boards together for a plug-and-play experience. With dozens of STEMQT sensors, you can detect light, temperature, humidity, pressure, and the air quality just to name a few. You can 3D print a snap-fit case to house your sensors and use the mounting holes to secure everything together. Make it portable with a USB battery bank and start plotting your data on the go. Setting up Whippersnapper has gotten even better. Start by choosing your dev board or just type it in the search box. There's lots of new ESP32-based boards to choose from. Access your boards in the new Devices page and quickly see their status and firmware. You can even update them by clicking on the Update Firmware link. Updating your devices now features an easy-to-follow wizard that walks you through each step. Just follow along to download the firmware and install it by dragging and dropping it onto your board. Add your Wi-Fi credentials to automatically generate the secrets JSON file needed for connecting your board to your network. Upload it to your dev board just like dragging and dropping a file to a USB flash drive. The LEDs on your device uses different colors to indicate their status so you can easily tell what's going on. You can add components to your device by clicking on the large plus icon. Choose from a list of basic PIN components or the new iSquared C Stemma sensors. Whippersnapper will automatically scan for connected components and let you enable features. The SCD-30 sensor has temperature, humidity, and CO2 levels. You can set how often to read the data using the drop-down menu. Creating components automatically creates feeds and stores your data so you can start logging and plotting. Make beautiful dashboards to display your data using line charts, gauges, and other blocks. You can customize their appearance with the Edit Layout feature to resize or rearrange them however you like. Dashboards work great even on mobile devices so you can customize them when you're on the go. Create a new timer action to make a feed turn something on for a set amount of time and then turn it off automatically. In this example, we're turning on a dehumidifier connected to a smart outlet whenever the sensor detects the humidity in the room is too high. More fun features have been added to Whippersnapper like the ability to use emojis in your titles. We think this is a great way to tell your dashboards apart. We've also added the ability to change the icons and the various labels when configuring your components. Whippersnapper is free when using two devices with a limit of 10 feeds. To unlock more devices and feeds, you can upgrade to an Adafruit IO Plus plan. Just head on over to io.adafruit.com to get started. We hope this inspires you to check out the latest features in Adafruit's Whippersnapper and start making IoT projects.


good morning good people of the world another vlog is here that means another day is here hope you're having a good one mine's just beginning i got the lumber off my trailer that was on that i didn't want it anymore weighing me down so i left it here in minnesota the nice people in wadena or is it wadena i still don't know how to say it minnesota now we're headed down to Shakopee minnesota which is part of mini apples we're gonna pick up some shingles and we're gonna bring those home we hurryed up now we gotta wait that part's not so nice that that can work there that's nice i specifically parked here so i could look at it while i waited it's beautiful air ride front suspension that's uh an upgrade i'm doing to this truck eventually too it's a little further down the list but that is uh definitely on the list i'm also taking my side fairings off to make my sleeper look like that i want to do a little bit of a frame extension i have to be careful because up in canada we can't have an overall unit length of more than 75 feet or whatever that is in meters sometimes i speak in feet sometimes i speak in meters i don't think we can have a wheelbase more than 7.2 meters which is what 280 inches i think i want to say fast the goggles one second here let's what is 7.2 meters in feet 7.2 meters is equal to 23 feet 7.465 inches okay what is 7.2 meters in inches 7.2 meters is 283.465 inches so 283 inch wheelbase max on the truck from the center of the front axle to the center of the rear axle i believe that's how that works i got to do more research yet before i get this done i don't want a wheelbase that long because i'll be over length overall i pull 53 foot uh open deck trailers right now my overall unit length is about 73 and a half no 73 feet or 72 and a half i have about two feet up to the 75 foot mark so i'm gonna measure it all out obviously before i commission the work i want to add 24 inches onto my frame two feet and then that'll give it more of a look like this it won't be quite as long as this i don't think but it'll be a little bit longer i can hear all my european followers right now typing vigorously and frantically why would you do that trucker josh well because it looks cool it's also a smoother ride the longer your wheelbase the smoother the ride so that's that's a big reason to but anyways uh all that aside i'm sitting here waiting my appointment was for 3 p.m my original appointment this morning was at 10 a.m but with my delivery out in wadena taking a little longer than i wanted it to i couldn't make it for the 10 a.m appointment so we called and we rescheduled we rescheduled it for three o'clock which was very unfortunate because that's pretty late in the day i wanted to be home tonight yet but i figured whatever i get here three o'clock i'll be loaded maybe out of here by four or four thirty huh no there's like ten other guys here that were hoping for the same thing and they all got here before me this is a pretty big place i think they're loading one two three guys four guys oh five five trucks at a time at least there might be more around the corner that i can see so they're loading five trucks at a time so technically it should be soon it shouldn't take too long so once i get loaded it's very easy to tie it down and then we're just gonna book it back it's gonna be tight to be honest it's gonna be tight to get back tonight as long as i can get to that border over the canadian border i get a few extra hours added on canadian hours of service and i can get to our yard and then i can sleep there and i have to deliver this load into winnipeg first thing tomorrow morning go back to our yard get rid of my trailer and bring this truck in to get serviced the place where i get my truck serviced at is pbx in blumenort they have excellent service there their shop is excellent i've been very happy going there and once i find a shop that treats me really well and that does good work i stick to them like glue they can't get rid of me and they they haven't screwed up once so they've actually caught a few things too that i didn't even know needed to be looked at because i look over my truck every day they look over it as well when they do my service they go over the entire truck and see if there's anything else that needs to be done it's in their best interest because they also want to make money off anything that might need to be done on top of the service obviously but they're not going to do any work without me giving the permission for it right so they're going to go over my truck see if there's anything that needs to be looked at soon make a little list for me and then i when i get the list i can look at it myself and be like yeah we can wait till next time for this we should do this you know that way there's more eyes on my truck than just mine the more the better because i mean i could miss things you know my heated mirrors weren't working for for an example last year it was summertime i didn't know they weren't working i don't use them in the summertime i don't use them but i use the mirrors i don't use the heated part of them they noticed that my heated mirrors weren't working so i got them to fix it before i would even need it because the only way i would have found out is once they iced up in wintertime and then they didn't heat up and defog so i could use them right and then i'd be without mirrors until i get them fixed that's not good so they they found that for me i appreciated that and they they earned my business i also like to support local as much as i can and support the uh the businesses in my area as much as i can not every business in my area has earned my business but uh the guys that service my truck sure did they uh they've gone above and beyond for me every time and they're very friendly oh are they is he going to pull me oh oh oh oh that was disappointing the forklift driver came i think he thought that i was the truck he was looking for came right up to my nose uh looked at my truck for a while looked at his paperwork looked at his truck and he drove away shucks got my hopes up but anyways hopefully we'll get loaded up here quick and we'll be on the road we're gonna be making a beeline i want her to be home tonight like in bed with my wife and waking up tomorrow with her and having breakfast with her in the morning oh hey buddy mics here check this out there he is i'm not the only one all right i'm gonna focus on uh paying attention here hopefully i'll get loaded soon and we'll chat once i'm out of here and the race is on i am loaded up and booking it back i've got just enough hours to get back to the border as long as i don't mess around as long as people don't mess around with me before i left the shipper i took a look on google maps and it looks like there's an accident over on i-494 on the west side of minneapolis so i'm digging this road what is this 169 from shackepea through minneapolis up to the 94 it goes around the accident is it 169 is that what i'm on here i don't usually take this road but it's a freeway as well my point is that i saw that there was a delay over on the freeway so we're going through here to save time hopefully avoid all accidents definitely not going to get in one ourselves this is such a big city oh no brake lights no no this is what i was trying to avoid okay maybe this was a bad idea i still stick to my my theory i think it would have been longer going the other way it's just rush hour right now okay we're okay we're okay don't panic don't panic i'm not panicking you're panicking stop panicking we don't have too very long to spare at all like i don't even think i got time to stop and fuel google you lied to me you said there was no traffic on this road that's why i took this route why would you lie to me that is not very nice well either way we're gonna get out of the city here get on to the freeway and hopefully have no other delays because if i have too much more of a delay than this i'm not gonna make it like i'll still get my delivery done tomorrow okay we're stopping we're stopping we're stopping okay why are we stopping it's the harmonica effect not the harmonica the accordion effect harmonica man if it's this bad on this highway imagine how bad it is over there this is kind of a bummer but don't worry charger josh has got this we'll still get back we'll make it we can do this we're just gonna stay focused and i already ate supper so i don't need to stop to eat i've got water right here all i need is for everyone to get out of my way why are you stopping again why are you stopping this traffic accordion yeah we're on north 169 here that's that's what it is okay look we're moving better up there okay that's it i think we got through it what is everybody doing on the road blowing me down do any of you live in this area did i make a poor choice taking 169 i came from shack apiece that's on the south west corner of minneapolis and you could take the 494 up the west side but you could also take the 169 they're both freeways but during rush hour did i make a mistake here because if i did i'm not gonna do this again this is gonna take me up to uh interstate 94 on the north side of the city and then we're gonna shoot out of the city out of the northwest side up towards canada i like this let's keep this up don't do it don't do it i know what you're gonna do i know what you're gonna do good good you can tell when the way some people pass you did you ever happen to you you can tell just the way they're passing you that they're gonna cut you off he was thinking about it he was thinking about it they sort of give themselves away because they sort of pass you a little aggressively sometimes they like pop out from behind you really quickly into the next lane and if not they'll pass you really quickly and then they'll come right to the front of your bumper and hesitate for a second or two and you know they're thinking about it they're thinking about it and a lot of times they follow through and they do it so i'm sitting at a gross weight of 77 900 pounds so it's in everybody's best interest to stay out of my way and get off the road truckers often needs to go home and he's real fat right now my plan is to get right up to winnipeg tonight deliver this first thing at the crackadon and then bring old blue for the service she deserves you change your oil gonna change your filters we're gonna give her to kind of pamper her a bit give her the first class treatment this is pembina north dakota the border is right there just down the road one mile up i'm waiting for my border clearance there's a little bit of a mix up somebody uh didn't send in all the paperwork they were supposed to uh from our shipper we got picked up uh or we picked up the send it to the broker from there right usually we do that uh but in this case uh they send the paperwork away and they forgot to send one very important piece of paper which is the customs paper they sent the bol to the broker and just left it at that and then i got close to the border here and i still wasn't clear so what's going on so i call up the broker and i'm like yeah we don't have all the paperwork and we emailed back already to who had sent it saying that we need one more piece and they haven't responded so i had to get a hold of them there call their night staff and request that that missing paper get sent into the broker which they did which was nice i wish it would have been sent in in the first place but i guess it's not a perfect world but now that paperwork just got through to the border or to the broker which was cleared just before i got to the the border now but now i gotta wait for customs to accept that i'll have to do a video one day explaining how that all works but the broker clears the load for us that's just how it works sends it to customs and then customs has to accept the shipment and then i can go across so now i'm waiting for customs just down the road here to accept the shipment and pretty much just press a button and say yep come on down track your josh come on home that's how i imagine it in my head anyways and uh it's been an hour and a half since it's been sent to customs cleared already so i might be sitting here until morning now which might mess up my next trip maybe not if everything works out perfect everything it'll be fine but looks like i'm going to be hanging out here for a little bit but maybe till morning but at least we got everything uh worked out i'm just waiting here hopefully uh you know at the latest first thing in the morning i'll get the notification that says hey you're good to cross come on back trekker josh just seems like whenever i'm in a like i'm always in a rush but whenever i'm really like trying to make the most of my time and uh you know i'm trying to make the most of these next two months because i'm gonna have some time off in spring when our baby's born whenever i try to run hard there's always hurdles to jump over roadblocks to navigate around detours and i'm talking figuratively here it's just it seems like everything just doesn't want to work smoothly you know on this last trip my my tire went flat and then i had to replace two of my drives and then that was a whole debacle because i didn't really want the tires that i got but then they sort of grew on me and i think i'm gonna keep them now but now i've got to go buy another used tire that has the same tread wear as my old tires so i can put that on with my old tires so i can run them down a little further because they got another year that i can run them on so i want to run those down and then i only have to i'll keep these new ones that i bought now and then next year next fall i'll only have to buy six right and then i'll have a new set so there's that debacle that that's was unexpected and a delay and because of that delay it delayed me on my delivery with that lumber this morning in minnesota i was i could have delivered that the day before but since i had those flat tires i had to deliver them the next morning which delayed me getting to this reload which i was supposed to load this morning but because i was delayed unloading because i was delayed from the tires that also delayed this shipment which brings me to where i am right now late at night sitting here at pembina waiting to get my paperwork cleared all because you know i had a flat tire so it's interesting how one single event sort of like you know uh what's that the mandela effect no it's not the effect i'm looking for the butterfly effect one of those effects you know one little thing happens you have a flat tire one morning and your whole rest of your week like it's just a domino snowball effect it just affects all your next loads so i'm hoping that we can break this chain and and stop this av the snowball from turning into an avalanche if i can get to the yard tomorrow morning i'll have enough time to get a reset before i leave on my next trip which is already booked in and if this delays me too much further it's going to delay that load too which means i might lose that load because that one has to be on time but if i can get back to the yard tomorrow morning with enough time to get a reset before i have to leave on the next load at a good time where it'll give me enough time to get to my customer on time this is making sense to you i'm tired right now i know i'm trying to make sense we might stop this from becoming an avalanche if i can just get back and sitting here waiting for this to clear but uh so far i think i should just head back there and take a nap i'm just worried because i have some hours left on my clock if i get cleared now i can book it across the border and i'll have extra time right on canadian hours of service and then i can make it further i'd like to go now but uh i'm worried that if i go back there and take a nap close my eyes that i'm not going to open them until morning and then you know there's no hope to stop this snowball domino effect it's going to affect my next load then but not meaning to sound like i'm complaining i'm just venting a little bit here and also trying to give you the good uh give you the perspective of what the lifestyle is actually like some people want to get into trucking they want to know what the lifestyle is like it's not a good day every day it's not fun every day there's a lot of delays there's a lot of headaches but through all of that i still love what i do i don't want to do anything else doesn't mean every day is going to be a perfectly awesome rainbow sunshiny day this is one of those days and this has been one of those weeks where everything just keeps getting because of one thing because of one flat tire it's sort of messed my whole week up but we'll get back on our feet we'll get our head screwed on straight again tomorrow's another day and next week is another week and it'll get better so thanks for watching today everybody thank you for listening to me i appreciate that i like being able to vent a little bit and talk to you guys about the realities of what we deal with out here we'll see you tomorrow if you did like my video feel free to hit that thumbs up button gives me a big boost in the algorithm if you didn't like it like usual hit the dislike button twice and i'll see you tomorrow


as good stewards of grace. 1 Peter chapter four versus one through 11. And again tonight, our subject is service in the Lord's church. And as I was thinking about our text, 1 Peter chapter four versus one through 11 and that subject of stewardship, I remembered years ago hearing a story about Queen Victoria. When Queen Victoria was a child, she had no idea as a child that she was in line for the throne. She was growing up, they were teaching her and structuring her, but she didn't realize what was before her. Those around her thought it best in her instruction not to tell her, not to let her know about those things. So her instructors or teachers trying to prepare her for the future diligently were having difficulty motivating Queen Victoria. Couldn't get her motivated. And she didn't take her studies seriously. She had difficulty doing the work. She often got distracted, wouldn't do the work. And so one of her instructors, Luis Lasin was her name, would record the young, not yet Queen Victoria's conduct in a behavior book that she began to keep regarding her studies, regarding her education. For example, on November 1st, 1831, Queen Victoria, Victoria at that time, was naughty and vulgar, she wrote in her book. In September 1832, she was all caps, very, very, very, very, four times, underlined four times, horribly naughty, right? Finally, having difficulty with Victoria, her teachers decided to tell her that one day she would be Queen, that she was in line for the throne.  Well, upon hearing this, that she would one day inherit the throne, Victoria quietly said, then I will be good. I will be good. The simple realization that she had inherited this high calling gave her a sense of responsibility. It gave her a sense of stewardship. And that sense of responsibility profoundly impacted her conduct from then on. I think Victoria went on to learn five languages, became a very prolific writer, a very serious sober-minded student. Now, the moral of that story is this. What we think and what we believe will have a profound impact on how we live and how we act. Those things are intimately connected. They cannot be torn asunder. What we think, what we believe impacts how we live and how we act. It's going to have an impact on our conduct. You and I have a far greater inheritance than Victoria had, right?  How should that then impact the way that you and I conduct ourselves? How should our knowledge of that impact our sense of responsibility? How should that impact our understanding of our stewardship before God? Paul says in Colossians chapter three, verse 23, whatever you do, do it heartily as to the Lord and not to men knowing that from the Lord you will receive the reward of the inheritance for you serve the Lord Christ. Paul certainly has it in his mind that our knowing that we will receive this inheritance from the Lord Christ should impact the way that we live in the here and now. Should impact how we obey the Lord, serving the Lord heartily as to the Lord, not to men. All of that informed by this understanding that we've been given a glorious inheritance. Peter begins this first epistle full of exhortation for how we conduct ourselves as pilgrims and sojourners in this world. And he begins that exhortation with a reminder of our inheritance, what awaits us? First Peter chapter one, verse three, Peter addressing the pilgrims of the dispersion says this, blessed be the God and father of our Lord Jesus Christ who according to his abundant mercy has begotten us again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead to an inheritance. You see that incorruptible, undefiled that does not fade away reserved in heaven for you who are kept by the power of God through faith for salvation, ready to be revealed in the last time. In other words, our understanding of that high calling should inform in us a sense of stewardship or responsibility that is then manifested in our conduct, how we live our lives. Peter understood that and that's why Peter begins where he does. The New Testament writers understood that. That's why many of the New Testament letters begin with chapters that inform our understanding of the glorious realities of our redemption, the indicative statements of scripture and then follow up those indicative, those statements of fact with the imperatives. This is how you then should live. The New Testament writers understood this connection. Our understanding of that high calling should inform our sense of stewardship or our sense of responsibility and that should be manifested clearly in our conduct. Chapter one, verse 13. Peter says, in light of these things, chapter one, verse 13, therefore, gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, rest your hope fully upon the grace that is to be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ. As obedient children, verse 14, not conforming yourselves to the former lusts as in your ignorance, but as he who has called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct because it is written, be holy, for I am holy. Chapter two, verse one, laying aside then all malice, all deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and all evil speaking as new more babes desire the pure milk of the world, the word that you may grow thereby. Chapter two, verse 11, beloved, I beg you as sojourners and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts which war against the soul, having your conduct honorable among the Gentiles. Right, submit to every ordinance of man. Chapter two, verse 13, be submissive to your masters with fear. Chapter two, verse 18, wives, be submissive to your husbands. Chapter three, verse one, husbands, dwell with them with understanding. Chapter three, verse seven, finally Peter says, all of you be of one mind, having compassion for one another, love his brothers, be tenderhearted, be courteous, not returning evil for evil or reviling for reviling, but on the contrary, blessing, knowing that you were called to this, that you may inherit a blessing. Chapter three, verses eight and nine, as each one has received a gift then, minister it to one another as good stewards of the manifold grace of God. Chapter four, verse 10, Peter is informing our understanding of our stewardship. Peter's informing our understanding of our responsibility to the Lord. We serve the Lord Christ and the way that Peter is doing that is by reminding us of what a glorious inheritance that we have. We've got to think right so that the way that we think, what we believe pours out of us in the way that we conduct our Christian lives, right? Most, it would seem to me today that professing Christians in our day and age walk around looking like they've got nothing in their bank account, acting like they've got nothing waiting on them. They live like bankrupt paupers. Brothers and sisters, let it not be said so of us. We have a glorious inheritance. Peter's made it very clear. Let us live like it, right? Let's bear the weight of that stewardship. Let's bear the weight of that responsibility. We serve the Lord Christ. Peter uses this language of stewardship and responsibility in Paul does in 1 Corinthians chapter four, verse one. Listen to Paul. Let man, let a man so consider us as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God. And moreover, it is required in stewards that one be found faithful. Paul using that same language of stewardship and responsibility. The word there for steward, 1 Corinthians chapter four, verse one is the Greek word oikonomous. Literally it means a house manager. Someone was placed, a house manager was placed in charge of the property. They were placed in charge of the staff, the food, the finances, so on. And Paul here uses it to refer to someone who manages or has charge over something placed in his care. He is an oikonomous, a steward. Here, Paul says that we are stewards of the mysteries of God. In other words, that steward is to take divine revelation and administer it to God's household. Now, Paul says that stewardship is to be carried out as a hupe retes, a hupe retes, a hupe retes of Christ. The word refers to, it's a translated servant in chapter four, verse one. It refers to an under-rower, literally an under-rower, a hupe retes.  So we are galley slaves with a stewardship, with a responsibility. Now, the Corinthians were very familiar with this term, hupe retes, or servant, or steward, very familiar with this term. Corinth was a port city. And Roman warships would frequently pass by Corinth through the Ionian or between the Ionian and the Aegean seas would often pass through Corinth. Typical Roman warship had two to three levels and at the lowest level was where the under-rowers, the hupe retes, were chained to their seats. These were men from various backgrounds, various socioeconomic backgrounds. Generally, they were those who were conquered in war by the Romans. The Romans forced them into slavery and chained them to a seat at the bottom of a Roman warship and handed them an oar and commanded them to row. That's what a galley slave or hupe retes was. If you saw the movie Ben Hur, Ben Hur is an example of this. There would have been a raised platform at the prow of the ship where the captain stood and the captain would shout out orders to the rowers, very specific commands.  Their actions in battle could mean the lives or the deaths of those on board the ship could mean victory or loss in the battle itself. So it's very important that they obeyed. Paul is essentially saying, first Corinthians chapter four, verse one, that when he was redeemed from the slave market of sin on that day, on that road to Damascus, then he was chained to a seat. He was given an oar and told to row in obedience to his captain. He is a hupe retes, right? He is a servant of the Lord Jesus Christ. Why? Because he'd been given a stewardship. He's been given a stewardship. He's been given a responsibility. That stewardship was of the mysteries of God. And he was to be found faithful. He was to take divine revelation, administer it to those of God's household, so to speak. And he was chained to a seat, given an oar and told to row. Brothers and sisters, you and I are in the same boat. Figuratively, we've been chained to a seat. We've been given an oar. We've been told to row at the command of our captain. We are hupe retes. We've been given that responsibility because we've been given a stewardship. We're stewards. We have a responsibility. We serve the Lord Christ. And we should row with all our might and row at his command. We've been called to serve the Lord by serving his church. That's what hupe retes do. We are to be faithfully obedient to him, our captain in all things. And we cannot serve him as we should unless we understand our place in the order of things. We are galley slaves, amen? Galley slaves. We are his redeemed slaves, hupe retes. And Paul wants everyone to consider him and all those who serve the Lord Christ as such. Now Paul continues that by saying moreover, in verse two, it's required that these stewards, that one be found faithful. The word that the Spirit of God specifically chooses here is the word faithful, meaning trustworthy, reliable, consistent in their obedience, unwavering in their commitment. Wise may be helpful, diligence certainly necessary, determination be good to have, but the word that Paul chooses, the word that the Spirit of God chooses is faithful. Faithful is the one thing that Paul says is required of a steward. It is required in stewards that one be found faithful. Brothers and sisters, you and I need to be faithful in the stewardship that has been given us by God to serve the Lord Christ as galley slaves in his ship, so to speak, in the church, amen? We're to take this responsibility upon ourselves in the strength that his spirit supplies and serve him in the church. Look with me at 1 Peter chapter four and look at beginning at verse one. Peter would have us think rightly, right? Think rightly about our inheritance, think rightly about what has been given to us in the gospel and then Peter would have us conduct ourselves rightly as good, faithful stewards of God's grace. First Peter chapter four, verse one. Therefore, Peter begins. Now the word therefore connects us back to the example of the Lord Jesus Christ himself given in chapter three. In verse 18, chapter three, verse 18. Christ also suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust that he might bring us to God. Jesus Christ suffered in obedience to the Father, suffered once for sins. In other words, he was obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross. Peter begins therefore, right? Considering that example of Jesus Christ, therefore, since Christ suffered for us in the flesh, arm yourselves also with the same mind. Arm yourselves, right? Prepare yourselves, ready yourselves, equip yourselves. Equip, prepare, ready yourself with the same understanding, with the same knowledge, with the same way of thinking. Jesus Christ was willing to die to accomplish the work that he had been given to do. Jesus Christ was willing to go to the point of death, even the death of the cross, to fulfill that which was pleasing to the Father, right? And to redeem his own. The Bible says that for the joy set before him, Jesus Christ endured the cross, despising the shame. We could think of it in terms of his inheritance, couldn't we? Knowing what was waiting for him, he would inherit a kingdom. Jesus Christ was obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross. We have to think, brothers and sisters, in the same way, prepare yourself, ready yourself, equip yourself, arm yourselves to think the same way that Jesus Christ thought. Arm yourselves also with the same mind. Now Peter himself, as Peter wrote this epistle, Peter knows that he's going to die for the faith. Peter knows that he's going to be martyred for the faith that day on the beach. In John chapter 21, where the Lord Jesus Christ restored Peter, Peter, do you love me? Feed my sheep, Peter, do you love me? Tend my sheep, right? And the Lord Jesus Christ graciously restores Peter. Peter denied the Lord three times, three times the Lord asks him, Peter, do you love me? Peter, do you love me? Peter, do you love me? Right, Peter responds, Lord, you know all things, you know I love you. The Lord graciously restores Peter. And then the Lord tells Peter, they'll come at time when somebody's going to take you by the hand and lead you where you do not wish. And Peter understood that the Lord was speaking of his death. The Lord told Peter that Peter was going to be martyred for the faith and what does Peter do? Peter goes right back into Jerusalem, right? And preaches the gospel where Jesus Christ himself was crucified. It's a sense of responsibility, right? A sense of stewardship. Peter knew, even now writing this epistle, Peter knows what awaits him. And so what does he do with that knowledge? He lives like he believes that, do you see? What we think, what we believe, should impact how we live and act. These are not frivolous things that we're talking about here. These are things of eternal significance and we have an inheritance, brothers and sisters. It should impact the way that we serve the Lord Christ in the Lord's cause, in the Lord's church, should impact how we live for him. Peter knows that he's going to pay the ultimate price for serving Jesus Christ. And there he is, laying down his life. Laying down his life day by day in the work that the Lord had given him to do. We were talking about it today at fellowship. I mentioned this analogy of many people would say that they're willing to give their lives for Jesus Christ, right? I'm willing to give my life for Jesus Christ. I'm willing to die for Jesus Christ. But they're not willing to give him their moments. They don't live for him in that way. It's easy to say, I'll give my life to Jesus Christ, but you're not willing to give to him the succession of moments that make up your life, right? It's like saying, I've won the lottery. I'm gonna give him the proceeds of the winning. I'm gonna give him a million dollars, but you're not willing to pay it out in quarters. You're not willing to pay it out in dollar bills, right? And what the Lord has called you and I to do is to understand the scope of our responsibility, understand the scope of our stewardship. We understand those things in light of the inheritance that we've been given and the Lord asks us to lay down our lives. Lay out those succession of moments for his purpose, his cause, his glory. We're to lay it down by quarters, as it were, by dollar bills. And here Peter says, arm yourselves with the same mind. It's the way the Lord Jesus Christ lived, step by step on his way to Jerusalem, on his way to the cross. So arm yourselves also with the same mind, Peter says in verse one, for he, Jesus Christ, who has suffered in the flesh, or he who has died has ceased from sin. In other words, that's a perfect term, a perfect tense verb there. It means that it's done. The one who has died has ceased from sin, has been freed from sin. Praise God. We can live knowing that even if we die, we die, it's game. To live for Jesus Christ to die is game. We should have the same mind. Verse two, so that he no longer should live the rest of his time in the flesh for the lust, the sinful, passionate longings, sinful longings of men, but we should live for the will of God. Right thinking connected to right conduct. Do you see? We have this mind, so that verse two, he no longer should live the rest of his time in the flesh for the lust of men, but for the will of God. Listen, verse three, we have spent enough of our past lifetime in doing the will of the Gentiles. Would you say amen to that? Enough, enough, right? Spent enough of my past life living like that when we walked in lewdness and lusts and drunkenness, revelries, drinking parties, abominable idolatries. These are what lost people do, Gentiles there, to satisfy their lusts. That's how you define those things. Those things are what lost people do in order to satisfy their lusts. Enough, right? Enough of that. No more time given to that garbage. No more time spent on any of that wasted, debauched lifestyle, right? The Christians just say, I am done with that. It's called repentance, right? Verse four, in regard to these, they think it's strange. They're shocked. They're astonished that you don't run with them in the same flood of dissipation that they're running in. And what do they do? They turn and speak evil of you for not running with them in that same flood of dissipation.  For this reason, the gospel was preached also to those who are dead, that they might be judged according to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit. And we don't have time to get into all the details of this text. We're making our way to the end here. But the gospel was preached also to those who are even now already dead, so that even though they were put to death by men in the flesh, they will live in the spirit according to God's will. So then, arming yourselves with the same mind as Jesus Christ, making ourselves ready, equipping ourselves, preparing ourselves with the same mind, what are we to do? Verse seven, the end of all things is at hand. Therefore, three things are necessary. Three things are necessary. Godly fear, mutual love, and faithful service. Arming ourselves with the same mind that Jesus Christ has, making ourselves ready, preparing ourselves with the same mind, what are we to do? Three things. One, godly fear concerns our relationship to God. Two, mutual love concerns our relationship with one another. And three, faithful service, which concerns our relationship to the Lord's church. First, godly fear, verse seven. Be serious and watchful in your prayers. What is necessary? Godly fear. Serious here meaning sensible, reasonable of sound mind and judgment. We're not playing games. These are serious matters. Be sober-minded, be sensible, conduct yourself according to sound judgment, serious. Watchful in your prayers, meaning self-control, sober-minded, discerning, spiritually observant, be serious, be watchful in your prayers. In other words, we have to have our spiritual wits about us. We're to keep our head on a swivel, all while intimately connected in communion with him through prayer. Do you see? Godly fear. The second thing that is necessary, mutual love, verse eight. Above all things, have fervent love for one another for love will cover a multitude of sins and be hospitable to one another without grumbling. Genuine love renders someone hard to offend. You see the connection between those two things, right? Genuine love renders you difficult to offend. If you genuinely love that person, it's gonna be difficult for them to offend you. Genuine love renders one hard to offend. Love inherently and readily tends to forgive the sins or offenses of others. It covers a multitude of sins, do you see? In other words, if you find yourself quick to offend, easy to offend, not willing to forgive, not tending toward forgiving the sins or offenses of others, it means you're not loving. Love tends to render one hard to offend. Love inherently, readily tends to forgive the sins or the offenses of others. Hospitable here in verse nine, literally refers to love for strangers. So, carries love beyond the bounds of Christian fellowship in our own church to demonstrate that love to Christians that we don't know outside of our church, right? It is loving one another. It is talking about Christians, but we're to do all that, loving one another in the church, spilling over the bounds of our church into loving brothers and sisters outside of our church and all of that without complaining, without grumbling, okay? Mutual love. Godly fear is necessary. Mutual love is necessary. Thirdly, faithful service is necessary. We're to prepare ourselves, arm ourselves with the same mind as Jesus Christ and these things are necessary. Three, faithful service. Look at verse 10. As each one has received a gift, net referring to grace from God, divine enablement. As each one has received a gift, minister it to one another, serve one another as good stewards of the manifold grace of God. Now we know from Paul, what a good steward is. A good steward is a hoopere tes, one who is a galley slave rowing for his captain, faithful in his management of all that the Lord has given him to do, a good steward. And a good steward, he says moreover, it's required that a good steward be found faithful. Here we are to be good stewards of the manifold grace of God. We're to be one who is faithful with that grace, that divine enablement that we've received from him. God has given every Christian a gift. God has given every Christian a supply of enabling, equipping, empowering grace. The grace that it's given, Peter here describes as manifold, multifaceted. It is rich and varied and extensive. That could mean rich and varied extensive in the person himself, but also extends to the body as a whole, right? All of us here together, brothers and sisters, members of this church, we're all joined together in one body, each one being given gifts by God to employ in the service of the Lord in the church. And that grace of God manifold, as many different people are in the room, is the many varied manifold rich ways in which God has imparted grace. Every believer is given a gift of grace, a supply of enabling grace by which he is to serve the body. When that grace, when that gift is employed as God intends, we are good stewards of that grace. To employ his gift in the body, in the way that God has intended, is to be a good and faithful steward of that grace. It means that we're not receiving the grace of God in vain. We're putting it to work in the body to serve the Lord Christ, to serve the church. When we fail to employ God's gift as he intends, then we receive the grace of God in vain, prove ourselves to be poor stewards of his grace, and it's like we bury our talent in the dirt in the ground and don't return any interest on it. We prove ourselves to be poor stewards of his grace. We're to be good stewards of the manifold varied grace, extensive, rich grace of God. Paul categorizes these gifts of God's grace in two ways here. He categorizes them as speaking gifts and as serving gifts. In verse 11, if anyone speaks, let him speak as the oracles of God, not according to his own opinion, but according to what God has revealed. These are weighty matters. We aren't to wax eloquent with our own philosophies or ideas, we're to preach the word of God. Only that which God has revealed, those are speaking gifts. Let him speak as the oracles of God. If anyone ministers or serves, let him do it as with the ability which God supplies. In other words, not by his own strength, not in his own wisdom, not leaning on his own understanding, but independence upon the spirit of God who supplies wisdom and understanding and strength. Do you see? Speaking gifts and serving gifts, ministering gifts. This gift of God's grace comes with a purpose. Every Christian, given a gift, speaking gifts or ministry gifts, these gifts of God's grace come with a purpose. So that, verse 11, in all things, God may be glorified. You see, in the speaking gifts that the Lord gives, we're not to speak in our own wisdom. We're not to speak in man's power. We're not to speak our own opinions and persuasive words of worldly wisdom. We're not to do any of that. We're to preach Christ and him crucified. We're to preach the word of God. And in preaching the word of God, God is glorified. In the ministry gifts, in those serving gifts that the Lord gives, we're to serve, not in our own wisdom, not in our own strength, but in the wisdom and strength, the understanding that the spirit of God supplies so that when you serve, God gets the glory for your service, right? For your fruitful, effective service. In all things, so that in all things, God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, who bought you, right? To whom belong the glory and the dominion forever and ever. Amen. In all things, in all things, God may be glorified through Jesus Christ. We're to glorify God through Jesus Christ in all things that we say, think, do, in all ways that we serve. In other words, the scope of our responsibility is all encompassing. It is in all things that we are to glorify him. R.L. Dabney said this. He said, he describes the Christian here as one who has dedicated himself and his all to Jesus Christ, body, soul, and estate to the highest glory of God and love of his neighbor. That's what it means to serve and be faithful here in all things glorifying God. He describes the Christian as one who has dedicated himself and his all, body, soul, and estate to the highest glory of God and love of his neighbor. The faithful discharge then of our stewardship, lest we imagine some limitation in our responsibility. How much is right to give to God, right? How much of my energy, how much of my thought, all right? How much of my heart should I give? How much of my strength should I give? We're to love the Lord our God with all our heart, mind, soul, and strength, right? Mark chapter 12, verse 30, the greatest commandment.  This is the first commandment and the second like it is this.  So what Dabney's asking is, how much should I give or how much should I withhold or retain to myself? Listen to Dabney, if the attempt to be made to settle the principles of Christian self-denial in expenditures by drawing a line between the part to be appropriated to ourselves and the part to be appropriated to God, we see not where or how that line can be safely drawn. I think the use of the word safely is intuitive there and helpful. We're gonna draw the line, right? In our own Christian lives, in our lives, in our lives, if we're gonna draw the line between that which I give to God and that which I retain to myself, Dabney's saying, I don't see how we can do that safely. I don't see where that line could possibly be drawn. And what Dabney's alluding to here by implication is that no line can be safely drawn. There is no line that can be safely drawn. If you are not His, heart, soul, mind, and strength, then you are not His. You see? We're to love the Lord our God, heart, soul, mind, and strength. If you are not His, heart, soul, mind, and strength, then you're not His. We're to give it all, amen. We're to be faithful stewards. We're hupe retes. We are galley slaves and the Lord's ship obeying our captain. Beloved, God is after something far more radical than your effort. He's after something far more radical than your money. After something far more radical than your time. Does God actually need your service, your work? Does He actually need it? No, God is assay. He doesn't need anything. He's independent. Paul says in 2 Corinthians chapter 12 verse 14, I seek not what is yours, but you. That's what the Lord desires. Our heart, our soul, our mind, and strength entirely devoted to our captain, right? That's what it means to be a faithful steward serving with the gifts that God gives us in the Lord's church. We are to invest our very lives in the church to the glory of God, serving one another, serving the Lord's church, serving the Lord's cause with the gospel, all in service to the Lord Christ with our hearts and minds focused on, this is not where it ends. We have an inheritance waiting for us, reserved in heaven, uncorruptible, undefiled, right, reserved for us. We are not yet men to be the church at rest, are we? And we're to be a church at work. Listen to this hymn, I love this. Though with a scornful wonder, men see her sore oppressed by schisms, rent asunder by heresies distressed, hymn writer is speaking of the church, right? Yet the saints their watch are keeping, we're to keep a faithful watch, a diligent watch, a serious sober-minded watch, right? Their cry goes up to the Lord, how long? And soon the night of weeping shall be the mourn of song. Lord Jesus Christ is coming back, amen? And he'll come soon. If he doesn't come back before you die, you'll go there soon, all right? In the midst of toil and tribulation, it's hard work, toil, right? In the midst of toil and tribulation, in the tumult of her war, she awaits the consummation of peace forevermore till with the vision glorious, her longing eyes are blessed and then the great church victorious, then shall be the church at rest, you see? However, though she is even now, even now the great church victorious, she is not yet the church fully at her rest. As triumphant grace is poured out in victory upon the Lord's church, everywhere in the Bible, we are consistently called to be in the church at work. First Corinthians, chapter 15, verse 57, thanks be to God who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ. Therefore, my beloved brethren, be steadfast, be immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord. Brothers and sisters, we are called to a stewardship, a faithful stewardship of service in the Lord's church. Amen, amen, pray with me. Father in heaven, Lord, we rejoice. It exalts our heart to, rejoices our heart to see this high calling that we've been given to consider that inheritance that awaits us and in light of that grand inheritance and in light of our place in the kingdom Lord, we rejoice to serve you with faithfulness, with boldness, with all of our heart, soul, mind, and strength now here in the present as we look forward to that inheritance. Help us Lord, strengthen us, give us gifts, Lord, supply us by your spirit and find us faithful Lord to employ those gifts for your glory in your service in your church. Strengthen us to do just that, give us wisdom as we do, help us to lean not on our own understanding but to depend upon you in all things and help us Lord to be faithful in it. We wanna be chained to our seat or in hand obeying the commands of our captain knowing that they are righteous and good and knowing that we are pilgrims and sojourners on this side of heaven and that our citizenship is elsewhere and we look forward to that. Help us Lord as we serve you, help us to be faithful. I pray that you'd bless the service of your people in this church with much fruit for their encouragement and much fruit for the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ who is alone worthy of such fruit and blessedness and pray this all in his name whom we serve with joy. Amen.