of light, the cloud of dust, and a hearty high old silver, the lone ranger. In Tonto, the masked rider of the planes led the fight for law and order in the early western United States. The stories of his strength and courage, his daring and resourcefulness, have come down to us through the generations. And nowhere in the pages of history can one find a greater champion of justice. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear, from out of the past and the thundering hoof beats of the great horse Silver, the lone ranger rides again. Come on, Silver, faster, boy, faster. When the two riders reached Death Canyon, they eased their mounts through the scrub trees which fringed the sandy wastes and guided them along the hot, dusty trail which snaked across the basin towards Sutter's Gulch. The leader wore a black mask and silver-mounted six guns within easy reach of his lean, strong hands. His companion was a grave-faced Indian. Their eyes as they rode were fixed intently on the blue-ridged mountains which ringed the canyon, searching for a sign of the danger which they knew to lurk somewhere within that peaceful mountain scene. There's where the Indians hide out, Tonto, in those hills. The railroad men claim they've gone to those mountains after every raid. Why Indians only attack railroad supply wagons? I don't know, Kimosabe. They don't seem to bother the other wagon trains. Not one of the four supply trains sent out by the railroad has gotten through. We look for Indians. Maybe find camp. Not now. Dan's wedding force and Sutter's Gulch. That's right. When we get there, we'll talk with the railroad men and we'll know how to proceed. Hold on. Hold on. What is it, Kimosabe? Me not sure. You think we see smoke? You look. Yes, it is smoke. Indians. That's signifier. Can you read it? No. It's too far. You may not make it out. There's a ridge dead ahead. We should be able to see what it says from there. Get them up, scoundrel. Come on, silver. Hold silver. Hold silver. We'll climb up to that ledge, Tonto. We can see clearly from there. Now, see if you can make out what the smoke means. You read it now. Signifier summon braves to war council. War council? I wonder. Indians. Then surround us. Wait, Tonto. We can't fight those Indians. Too many of them. We'll try something else. Standing side by side with their backs to the edge of the rocky ledge and a 90-foot fall beyond them, the lone ranger and Tonto stood waiting while the Indians came close. And the masked man held both hands high, palms toward the savages and shouted, Tell them where you are. Now, me tell them in Indian town. Your chief will be angry. He who comes as friend of Indians must not die. Take us to your leader. He wants a power. Waga, mohooga, chief. Surprised by the actions of the lone ranger whom they expected gunplay, the Indians turned to one another in confusion. The figure before them showed no trace of fear. Instead, as Tonto translated, he promised them grim punishment if they attacked. There will be no eagle feathers, no hunting. You'll be punished as you've never been punished before. Your chief's anger will be great. There's my command that you take me to him. With the lone ranger and Tonto closely guarded in the center of a tight circle of warriors, the Indians rode with their prisoners toward their village. As they reached the outskirts, the drums of the war council throbbed. Then broke as the tribe saw the masked man and his friend approaching. That must be the chief coming now, Tonto. Ah, him chief spotted deer. Let's go to the High of Wallango. My friend and I come in peace. Masked man speak with forked tongue. In enemy, my people. I don't understand. Many moon ago, white men come from Southern Gulch and wear mask like you. They bring fire water for my brave, promised plenty booty. Then white men lead Indian to attack wagon train. I see. Soon soldier come from Fort, make war on my people. Burn my village, get revenge. But spotted deer get revenge first. Him strike now at mask man in Southern Gulch. Listen, listen to me. Why we listen to white man who hide face? Him like other who come here. Make trouble for my people. I want to help your people spotted deer. Ah, him not like others.  Then the soldiers will seek revenge. You not stop Indian now. Wait, wait. If I promise you that the outlaws will be punished. Spotted deer not listen to empty promise. You won our enemies. Now you die. Wait. How can I prove to you that I speak the truth? Brave men speak with straight tongue, colored with crooked tongue. You want test? Yes.  Then we know. What it is? Grasping the mask man's arms, Indians rapidly bound his wrists with leather thongs. Then they tied him to a stake around which the women and children had piled brushwood. At the old chief's command, the brush was lighted. In a moment, a circle of flames roared about the straight, still figure of the lone ranger. The Indians chanted exultantly and beat the drums even more fiercely as the fire crept closer and closer to the mask man. Suddenly silence cut sharply through the village and all eyes watched intently the whitest sign of fear which might show on the white man's face. All ears listened for the smallest whimper of pain. The fire crackled beneath his boots and flamed up along the post to which he was tied. But the lone ranger faced the ordeal calm and unafraid. Then as the fire licked hungrily at the still, straight figure, Tondo struggled frantically with his own binding to save his friend. Then spotted deer intervened. Fail face, brave warrior. No sign of fear. Cut loose. Mask man and Indian free. Bring horse. I promise you that the outlaws who are your enemies will be punished, spotted deer. Brave man speak with straight tongue. Indian believe you. Many of your warriors are missing. Them not listened to, spotted deer. Them ride meet mask men. Attack wagon train. Tonight death page. Hello. That wagon train is a railroad supply caravan. That's right. This will be the fifth attempt the railroad has made to ship supplies to Sutter's Gulch. If it fails, the company will change the route and avoid the town. That hurt town plenty bad. It will hurt the railroad too. I'll have to lay several hundred miles of extra track to swing around Death Canyon. And what we do? You ride to meet Dan Kimosabi. I'll go to warn the wagon train. We'll meet later. Adios, chief. You make war on mask men and make trouble for my people. They'll be punished. Come on, silver. Meanwhile, in Sutter's Gulch, Dan Reed, the Lone Ranger's 14-year-old nephew, awaited the arrival of the masked man and Tonto. Raining in his horse at the hitching rail, he sat on the porch of the Bartlett wagon express where he could watch the trail. Behind him, through the open window of the express office, he could hear two men talking. The voice of one, he recognized as Lane Bartlett's owner of the wagon express. Then suddenly, Dan became alert to what they were saying. Collie, they're talking about the raids on the railroad supply wagons. I can't hear everything they're saying, but what I did hear sounds mighty queer. Gosh. Their flame Bartlett is mixed up in those raids. The Indians are supposed to be responsible, but I reckon there's only one way to find out. That's to get as close to that window as I can and listen. The last raid you'll have to make straight. Suppose them railroad men decide to try again with another wagon train to supply. They won't. This is their last attempt. This train don't get through to Sutter's Gulch. They've decided to steer clear of the town. I heard them say so myself.  They might if they were given the chance. Being as their supplies and equipment didn't get through, they've got no rails to lay and no tools to lay them with. Yeah, I reckon they're in a pretty bad way. And we want to see if they stay that way. No slip-ups tonight, Spade. They had no reason to complain so far. You're right. You and the boys have handled them Indians so that nobody suspects we're really behind the raids. I don't mean to forget it. I see that you don't. We're running a big risk. The Murray Road men got wiser. We were setting the Redskins on their wagons. Sure got them wondering how my wagon trains get through when theirs don't. How'd you explain it to them? Tell them me and the Indians are old friends. I used to run a trading post. You've come a long way since then, eh, Bartlett? Yeah. Now I own a fleet of wagons operating between here and Coal City. I mean to keep them. That's why I'm smashing a railroad's plan to lay tracks through Sutter's Gulch. Folks in town would benefit a lot if the railroad ran through here. I ain't concerned about them. I'm concerned about me. Railroads through here would have ruined my business. People ship things by rail instead of in my wagons. I reckon you're right. But I've got something bigger in sight than just owning the wagon express. What do you mean? Someday I figured I'd own this whole town. It's a pretty big order. Not for Lane Bartlett, it ain't.  You make it sound convincing. But first there's a little matter of burning that railroad supply drain tonight. Yeah. Who are you and the Redskins pulling the job? Death pass. Couldn't think of a better place myself. Never get through that ravine alive. Not while they got Cy Blackburn for a guide. He's leading them to their deaths and they don't know it. And they're paying them for in the bargain. So are we. Lenny. It's a smart hombre who can collect from both ends paid. That wagon train's riding into an ambush. It doesn't warn the railroad men will be killed. I guess it's up to me. If only the Lone Ranger and Todd over here had... What's that? It sounds like... It is, Todd. I thought you'd never get here. Let me see you on port. You look like you're not bound to be seen there. Yeah. Where's the Lone Ranger? Him ride to warn wagon train. Indians attack it tonight. Then he knows. But I bet there's something he doesn't know. And that's who's behind the raids. And who's that? I'll explain as we ride. Right now the important thing is to get to the Lone Ranger. The curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. Was extending the slim fingers of shadow across the prairie. When in the van of the long caravan of wagons loaded with railroad supplies, which rumbled slowly over the seemingly endless trail towards Sutter's Gulch, Alec Denison, leader of the train, and Cy Blackburn, the guide, saw a lone horseman riding rapidly toward them on a powerful white stallion. What do you make of them, Blackburn? I'm keeping my gun trigger cocked just in case. Must be something important to make him ride so hard. We'll soon find out. I asked. He's an outlaw, Mr. Denison. Hold your fire. I'm not an outlaw. I'm drilling you, mister. Oh, you're not? You shot away my rifle. I had no choice. Hey, who are you, stranger? I thought it was important. That's why I'm here. Indians are waiting to ambush the wagon train. Ambush the wagon train? Are you sure? It's a trick, Mr. Denison. I plan to attack you at death pass. Death pass? What do they in three hours?  It's a trick of some kind. Are you seem very sure? You're darned tootin', I'm sure. I'm guiding this wagon train, and if there were engines around, I'd know about it. I see. That don't convince me, Blackburn. Engines raided the four other wagon trains we've sent through here, and you didn't mention seeing them until they'd stolen the supplies and got away. You're not going to take the word of this mass storm against mine, are you? Overall, we know maybe he's fixing the ambushes himself. I'm not taking chances with the shipment. It's got to get through. The only way is to circle the canyon and avoid death pass. Circle the canyon? Why, that'll take us miles out of our way. That's all right, it'll fool the Indians. Maybe you'll run. Don't listen to him, Mr. Denison. Death pass will take us straight into Sutter's Gulch. It'll save time and work. I'm not interested in saving time and work. I'm interested in seeing the supplies arrive. But I'm charged. Don't argue with me, Blackburn. Change the course. I'm taking the mass man's suggestion. All right, boys, turn around. We're circling the canyon. Late that night, the wagon train formed a protective circle on the prairie, miles beyond the rim of Death Canyon. Suddenly, the staccato of poops was heard, and Tonto and Dan rode into camp. The Lone Ranger listened intently to Dan's story. Lane Butler, eh? Yep, and that's not all. The guide of this wagon train is a member of the gang. Are you sure, Dan? You bet. His name's Cy Blackburn. That explains several things. Come along. Oh. Oh. We look for guidance. Yes, Tonto. Perhaps we can learn more. Charlie, to think he was deliberately leading the wagons into an air bush. Howdy, stranger. You're just the man I want to see. Haven't seen Blackburn around recently, have you? I was about to ask you that question. I reckon that settles it. He's disappeared. Disappeared, but I... Hingence, right in this way. It's a race. On your feet, boys. It's Hingence. Hurry up there. Come on. As the Indians led to the mask, Renegade swooped down on the wagon train with wild yells. The railroad men rushed to defend it from the supplies attack. Suddenly, flaming arrows bolted through the shadowy night, and thotted into the supply wagons. All around the caravan, tiny fires broke out. A freshman flaming, the moment an old one had been stamped out. Against these seemingly impossible odds, the railroad men fought gallantly. Meet up those flames men. We gotta save the supplies. Hurry with that water, Dan. I'm coming. Here it is. Hi, hi. Plenty bad. Make plenty of fire. Watch out for that wagon. It's loaded with blasting powder. Blasting powder. Take over here, Dan. You bet. What you do? Come on, Tonto. Here you come. Racing to the wagon where the blasting powder was stored, the masked man and the Indian quickly unlatched the door and crept into the dark interior of the huge van. Some time later, they went around the ring of the defenders, their arms burdened with small tins of blasting powder, to each of which was attacked the short fumes, these they left with the railroad men. Then they told their plan to Alec Denison. Hi, sir. Each man hears arms with a can of blasting powder. When I give the word, they keep them smacking to their circular retchkins. That's it. I don't know how much damage they'll do. Pretty weak charge in each of them tins. The explosion will frighten the Indians. That's the main thing. I reckon a will of death. All those tins explode close together like they should. They'll scare the Indians clear out of their skins. The Indians make ready to charge wagons. This is it. Many boys! But let them have it! As if catapulted by one arm, the small tins of blasting powder arched through the air into the rapidly closing circle of Indians. To the railroad men who saw death riding toward them in the grinning painted faces of the savages, the fuses seemed to sputter forever. Then as the Indians closed ranks for a last assault, the earth beneath them exploded. But how Indians know wagons train come this way? Who tell them where to attack? I'd say it was Blackbird. Dawn was rising over the prairie when, seated with tanto and van by a campfire within the tight circle of wagons, the lone ranger revealed what the boy had heard to Alec Denison. I'd blackburn and lane Bartlett. I can hardly believe it. Bartlett's just about started Gold's leading citizen. Yeah, he was wealthiest too. Lane Bartlett. Don't seem to make sense that he's behind all them engine raids on the railroad wagons. And yet I... Bartlett wants power. And he isn't particular how he gets it. I reckon you're right, the honorary skunk. Insighting Indians to attack his own people. He ought to be hanged. And he's caught, he will be. Just as the others. They'll hang for the murder of innocent men and women trapped on the wagon train. He'll be caught, I promise you that. As soon as we reach town, I'll take that low-down polecat and accost it to myself. But you can't hold him without proof. Golly, that's right. I don't aim to hold him. Aim to string him up with a rope necktie. No, you won't, Denison. Huh? Sutter's Gulch has a reputation for law and order. And I won't see you spoil it with a lynching bee. You know of a better way to catch Bartlett? Yes, but I'll need your help. Listen. In the half-light of the daybreak, two horsemen rode wearily through the deserted main street of Sutter's Gulch and dismounted before the hitching rail of the Bartlett Wagon Express. Then ascending the wooden steps, Spade and the sigh of blackburn disappeared into the express office where Lane Bartlett was waiting. Howdy, boys. How'd it go? It didn't. What do you mean? That fizzed out of the burst of firecrackers. This is one of your jokes. Yeah, look how hard we're laughing. Are you fools? Now, wait a minute, boss.  The last rage had to make and you fumble it. It wasn't our fault. Sai's right. Everything was working out slick as we figured. Then this masked man steps in and ruins the picture. What masked man? I don't know who he is, but somehow he got word the engines were waiting to jump the wagon train at death pass. So he talks, Denison, and they're taking a long way around the canyon. Sai here hightailed it to the pass to tell me the campsite. So he hop up the Redskins with some more firewater and ride there to make the raid. Well? The masked Omri again. We're moving in for the kill. When he adds their mule skinners, he blasts and powert the Redskins. Well, after that, you couldn't see him for dust. Yeah. A masked man, eh? Yeah, tall Omri. And greased lightning on the draw. It looks like an outlaw. Sure, why else would he wear a mask? It looks to me like he's stepped in just to mess up our play. Man, make one of his own. What kind of play would he be figuring on? I don't know yet. Maybe I can help you. But, boss, it's him.  Keep it in the weather, Spade. I told you he could handle a wire to hit like a flash. I reckon you heard what we were saying. Yes. You shouldn't leave your doors open. I reckon you know we've been trying to figure you out. What's your game, mister? Yeah. If you're on the prowl, what's the idea of going out of your way to help Denison? When I went to help Denison, I didn't know who you were. Meaning what? If I'd known. I'd have acted differently. Hey, this zombie sounds like he's all right after all, boss. What difference does it make now? Denison's got his railroad supplies and equipment through. Yeah. And thanks to that, you can write finished across the Portland Wagon Express. The railroad running through Sutter's gauch. My wagon's never got a chance. The railroad isn't running through here yet. Here? They haven't even started laying the first track. I'm listening. What's on your mind, mister? Not rails to lay, and the tools to lay them. Railroad couldn't begin. I figured that out for myself, mister. What I haven't heard you mention is a way to destroy that equipment. Yeah. How about it? I know a way. You mean you... Oh, I say we... How much do you figure is worth? Half. What? Half your business, Bartlett. Or nothing. Looks like he's got you, boss. If you let the railroad go through, you're licked anyway. Sure. All right, you're in. Now let's hear it. The supply wagons are Campton Silver Basin. Yeah, I know the place. About 10 miles out of town. Gonna be a cinch to capture them wagons with a surprise attack. Surprise attack with what? Them wagons are strongly guarded. You won't get them engines to follow you again after last night, no matter how much firewater you pour into them. Yeah, I forgot about that. There'll only be a few guys in the wagons tonight. What do you mean? I must have been letting most of his men ride to town. Why, Savvy? He figures nothing can happen to him after last night, huh?  Hey, we could wrestle them wagons with the boys and still show a lot more gun smoke than them wagon guards. Yeah. Then you'll attack tonight? Yeah, tonight at midnight. And you're riding with us, mister. Just so we understand each other. I understand. I'll meet you here. I still can't figure that mask ombre out. One thing's certain. He sure drives a hard bargain, huh, boss? That's right, Sai. But I don't aim for him to live to collect it. Midnight hung over Sutter's Gulch like a heavy paw. Main street was shrouded in darkness. And in the clump of trees in the rear of Bartlett's wagon express, the shadowy figures of horsemen met silently and adjusted their masks.  Sometime later they reached their destination and rained their horses quietly to a halt in the brink of a sandy gully. In the pit below, they could see the shadowy outlines of the supply wagons and a few guards standing watch near the flickering campfires. Eddie Silver. Looks like the masked man was right, boss. Camps practically deserted. This job ought to be a push-over. It's the trouble with it. Looks too easy. If you're double-crossing us, mister... Lay off, Bartlett. Let's finish what we came for. You're first, mister. Very well. Don't open fire to your sure your shots, boys. And make everyone count. All right, Bartlett. All right, right. Come on, Silver. When are you planning to take care of the masked man, Bartlett? As soon as we open fire in a camp, I've got him squaring my gun sights. Before he knows it, he'll have a slug in his back.  They've seen us, boss. All right, boys, open up. They can't stop us now. Those wagons are as good as ours. And here's what I've got. Hey, look! Sheriff Spotsy, they've surrounded the bases. We've been double-crossed, the masked man. I won't you, Bartlett.  You tricked us into a trap. You tricked yourself. By supplying all the answers. I'll get you first, ready? Out of my way. Get a force. Get a force. Stop him. Don't let him get away. I'm coming through. I'll take you with me lead first. Stop it. Wing him. You're under arrest, Bartlett. You and your whole murdering gang. They're double-dealing. Paul cared if he hadn't lied to me. He didn't lie to you, Bartlett. You outsmarted yourself. Dennis did let most of his mule skinners ride to town last night, but only so they could ride back to Silver Basin with me and surprise you and your gang. That's right, Bartlett. You fell for the Lone Ranger's plan, hooked line, and sank a Lone Ranger. It's a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated.


Same match up on the women's side. He was trying to end the sixth game skid. First half on offense. Sydney Arrington's going to get the pass and buries the triple from the top of the key. That'll extend the lead then later. Arrington this time shows off the vision. Nice pass to Sam Adamich for the easy bucket. Adamich, he can also shoot. She'll get the pass and knock down the wide open tray. They still have the lead, but might not say the big bucket just before half. Holly Johnson gets it to drop just before the buzzer. Might not say it would go on to win this 181 to 70. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Thank you all so much for being here today. My name is Henry Simon and I'm the Assistant City Manager of Operations for the City of Columbia. We would like to welcome you. Just thank you so much for your presence, taking just a moment as we recognize two special people that have successfully blessed this community for many years. Today's been, we have worked tirelessly on the craft and today we are pleased to recognize and salute Mr. Jeff Krufalis and of course the great Mr. Bill Mason for their passion, for their perseverance and love for the game of tennis. Your love for the game of tennis has impacted me and your dedication to the game of tennis have created opportunities for the girls across the City of Columbia as well as the state. Today we are truly grateful to have Jeff continuing to work with the City of Columbia here at the Columbia Tennis Center and we also of course recognize Mr. Bill Mason for leaving a lasting legacy, a footprint that would never never be forgotten. His work will go on for years to come. I think I may or may not recommend City Council members present for this today. Councilman Will Brennan is here with us who represents District 3 State Representative Seth Rose who represents District 72. I'm also hearing that Seth Rose is a excellent tennis player and I want to also share that as well. Also want to acknowledge Jerry Oda who's not here and Shirley Mills who is here. Thank you so much for your presence on today. Shirley as well as Jerry I talk with very often and they're partly responsible for ensuring that the tennis community was present when we recognize others like Domino Bowl where I agree with you as well as those who are recognizing today they're responsible for helping us with having the tennis community to be here so thank you Shirley for your for your presence on today. I also want to acknowledge our City Manager Theresa Wilson with our staff on the inauguration of our new Maryland. Mr. Rickerman I also want to thank the leadership of the Corporation Division, Mr. Ray Dales, Mr. Dales the Director, Doug Elliott, Cary Ridge, Kevin Crawford, Scott Garrett with us. Thank you all so much for your continued support. Councilman Will Brennan will bring some remarks before you also and help be followed by Representative Seth Rose. Councilman Brennan I tell you it's like winter caught up to us today a little bit. I'm going to get this one in but I think Bill wanted us to get this match in so he gave us a little sunshine. You know Bill, Bill taught tennis in 1984. He was the king of the clay courts at Uncanny Humor. Bill worked as a professional tennis instructor here at Columbia for over 35 years. Of course he's still nice and fast but he made it fun and he's making it and he made it so much fun for so many children and adults in the city. Almost 45 years adopted into the University of South Carolina to this hall of fame 2011-77. Professional member of the United States Charter member of the South Carolina professional.  We are working hard to get you those upgrades that you need here Jeff that you want here. With that said I'd like to hand it over to Representative Seth Rose. Seth Rose, I serve in the state legislature. I actually represent this area in the South Carolina House of Representatives and during my business week I've been working for three sacrifices and done amazing things for our city and state. What it's rare for me to be able to speak when we are honoring two people that I've known. I was going to pass up here and I've known Jeff and Bill for 22 years. I remember the fall of 1999. It's hard to believe. I see some of the birthdays when kids in college now are more and more I've been looking at 99 the first resurfacing of the courts at our Marseille Tennis Center. So we started the first time I ever did it. I was right here at these schools and I've got Jeff Jeff on the occasions and when you battle with somebody you know I don't carry my basketball in Carolina you can tell you the profound impact a coach can have on you but also the camaraderie and when I see Jeff you've had to see him before a year or a couple months it's just like yesterday and the lies that he's touched coaching the support of tennis. Teach many kids go to some neighborhoods where a lot of kids might have had the opportunity or ever seen a tennis racket they've taught them tennis and the thing about this sport is that it really teaches you a lot of life lessons. One of the things I remember I had in childhood coaches would be to ask to sit back for a bad call or bad luck for Jeff to be able to go to this sport up to various communities and any kids that wouldn't have had the opportunity because it would be an area to think about. 35 years to think about the number of lies they've touched and the impact and I can tell you first me and Jeff might have a future in politics if he wants it because everybody in the city of Colombia knows Jeff Kapalos and what a good man he is a new Bill Mason and what a good man he was. I can tell you it's through college law school now having a wife and family Jeff's taught my two young boys tennis here and teaches my in-laws now but for me to come here and not see Bill Mason was a constant here somebody would always ask everybody how's your day going up to house life it just doesn't feel the same and so I want to say thank you to councilman Brennan city parks and staff for recognizing these two extraordinary people who have touched so many people's lives so many kids' lives and I want to say thank you to each of you for coming out bringing the cold weather as we honor Jeff and Bill and on a personal note I want to say thank you to Bill's family you know for sharing him with us all these decades I know my life is better by my conversations with him and obviously with Jeff I'm not sharing that I didn't grow up with a you know I'm at my father's the first time when I was 25 years old I was raised by my grandmother and my mom along with the tennis player who played nice with tennis and you know Jeff is kind of like a father to me and plus I have to say really nice things about Jeff because he has some college stories I don't want to share there's no marifiable proof of that so you can either confirm or organize them but in all seriousness to Bill and Bill's family and Jeff thank you for bringing me you know the kids' lives you've touched and I just want to say thank you to each of my daughter Rollins and I want to say I feel very blessed Representative Rose was talking about my father which is my explanation it's tough to lose experience about Bill he has left a lasting legacy he came in contact with through the game that he loved and oftentimes we wait too late to give someone their flowers instead of doing it while they're here wait so this is bittersweet we still have Jeff with us and we want to continue to give him his flowers while he is still here present and engaged and training and impacting people and at the same time we have Bill's sister here with us that we can share this moment with so I want to give this sister such a Kathy an opportunity to come to make some more Kathy thank you so much Bill's path here to the tennis center was not on a straight narrow one he started out the budget and control board working in data processing and then after about eight years he got very ill with food allergies and had to medically retire then he when he got strong again he started thinking about what could he do in life he would really enjoy and tennis just was at the top of the list so he started going to little tennis courts in Bishopville and Camden and teaching lessons and just plowing through I remember one night I was sitting with him and I said you know Billy tennis is a fun hobby but I don't think you'll never ever make a career out of it thankfully I was wrong about that and he should prove me wrong but as a brother and as a tennis coach he was the best I want to thank everybody that's here and everybody that touched his life too because he didn't ever get married he didn't have a family but he felt like he had a family here through the city of Columbia and with Jeff and Ken and the whole group of the community around him he gave him an acceptance and he gave him a support and he gave him concern here and particularly with Jeff even to the very end so thank you all so much for honoring him I'm sure he would be humbled and he would um as Jeff said probably go in the background and say yes I'll bring him up soon so we thank you again for being here for the way that we live thank you we have something that we want to present to you on behalf of on behalf of Bill Randy Canyon when you all get this for me um I'm going to take some pictures as well this is something that um we thought about and we wanted to put something in your hands for you to remember remember Bill so we want to present this to you and this reads in honor of Mr. William Bill Mason for over 35 years of dedicated and committed service to the Columbia Tennis community this is for Bill this is for his family this is for the tennis community thank you so much for sharing Bill and Jeff you didn't you didn't say a whole lot but a lot of times when men don't say a whole lot they they they let their actions action speak and you again taught a lot of people and again we want to thank you so much for your ongoing service and commitment to the Columbia Tennis Center the city of Columbia and the tennis community so thank you and congratulations we hope that you are around for a little while longer citizens of the city of Columbia thank you so much Jeff right that that concludes our ceremony for today again thank you Kathy and Ted for your presence on today representing your your brother thank you again Jeff and your family for being with us today thank I want to thank the Tennis community um Kathy um Shirley excuse me do you have anything you would like to share Shirley I know I'm putting you on the spot but you were you were important to this event so I want to give you that opportunity good afternoon I really don't have much to say I'm just so thrilled to be here and know that the city of Columbia recognizes the impact that that Tennis has on our community and I'm so proud that they've made this commitment to the facilities and also recognize the commitment that people maybe in here I'm so glad to see Seth Rose because I know he's going to help us secure revenue that we need at the State House I want to thank Henry what a great leader he is for parks and recreation and all the other things that fall under his purview and to all the staff that are here from the city thank you all for your commitment to recreation it's so important every day I have to come so concerned when I hear the numbers on the pandemic and I realize how it's more and more important for us to provide outdoor recreation activities for our community and Tennis it's just the one that you know the entire family no matter how old as you can see I'm old and hippy hoppy and but we're playing tennis as often as we possibly can so thank you all so much for being here and for this opportunity to say hey


So that kept me on my toes. I must say I had to really think about those sharp corners in the Alpha Flies. Fun time trial day. Let's rock and roll. Let's do this. Gonna be in Irving, Texas. Not there. Nice to be home. It's nice to be home. It's nice to be home. So here we go. 13.1. Oh, is that what it is today? 13.1 miles, half marathon. She loved it, a half marathon. Whoa, back in the day. Back in the day in Utah. That's when we were dating. Back when we were dating. Oh, we all big twins. Crashing it. Oh, but we got big plans coming up. Now we do. That is not the idea, though, that we talked about yesterday. Hang each other up, that's interesting. I got to explore that more. The nice thing about a time trial, everybody, is you can start whatever you want, you know? No starting gun. Oh, man. And it's a little chilly. So I'm going to let the sun come up a little bit more before we get rolling. OK. And I did just see, sadly, so I was supposed to race in Irving, Texas today. And it looks like it's pretty windy down there today. So who knows? Oh my goodness. I'm just grateful for the day. And yes, I am taking out the Nike AlphaFly next percents as I continue to test them for all of you. All right. There's rock and roll, Cherry Creek Trail, tears. OK, taking out the glycerins for the warmup. And yes, I'm going to put down a Morton right now before the warmup. I like to get it in my body, in my stomach, about 45 minutes before I get going, whether it's on a race day or in a time trial, like today. So I'm going to put this back right now. Lovely, lovely taste in this guy. Water, glucose, fructose, calcium, carbonate, glucone, acid, sodium, alignate. Woo! Got the racing socks out today. Yes, sir. It's time. We're ready. Shoes are on. AlphaFly's got my headband for the sweat. It's about 40 degrees out, so it's still pretty chilly. But it's going to be perfect once I get rolling. And yeah, 21K, 13.1 miles. Thankfully, I've recruited my mom to help out on the other end. So she's going to pick me up down in Denver. Here we go. All right. I'm trying to think if there's anything else. Yeah, I've got the little camera. We'll see what we can get. Keep in mind, I'm going to be running pretty darn fast, at least as fast as I hope I can go on this fine day. So I will see how much footage I can get. For all of you, ah, thanks for being here. Thanks for watching. Come on now, 13.1. That's encouraging, ladies and gentlemen. Time trial in the books as I posted on Strava. We'll put the AlphaFly over here on the shelf. Oh my goodness, nerves were up. I will say at the starting line, nerves were up. Getting ready. Remember, I talked yesterday, actually the last 10 days, about how that mental approach to time trials is something that I yearn for as a runner, those nerves, getting to the starting line, laced up, ready to rock and roll. So here's the deal, though. I will say if you incorporate a time trial into your training, especially during these strange times when no races are happening around the world, it's a very, it's mentally challenging. The biggest challenge, 100%, is no competitors around you, right? It's amazing. The power of competition and the human spirit and pushing each other out there on the course. Like, it's second to none. Like, yes, not having cheering fans, that definitely is a factor. Not having aid stations along the way is a factor. But no doubt, not having other runners around me to compete against was the biggest factor for today as far as, OK, I got to be really tuned into my mental focus or else I'm not going to do well out here. Now, as far as the course goes for today, this is my first time running the entire Cherry Creek path in my entire life. I've never done it from point to point, and it's beautiful. It was a great place to run. Again, shout out to the race directors for all the work they put into finding courses for us. I didn't know how much, I knew I would lose elevation. I wasn't sure how much, because I've never run it before, but sure enough, I started out at 5,500 feet above sea level. OK, there it is on your screen in meters. And then I ended up at 5,200 feet above sea level. So a drop of about 300 feet, all right? And I knew it was going to drop because I was running along a creek that was going downhill. And then, holy smoke. So a lot of bridges, more bridges than I expected. Here's a shot of me turning onto a bridge, nice and sharp corners. So that kept me on my toes. I must say, I had to really think about those sharp corners in the Alpha Flies. And in addition to the bridges, they were the underpasses. So probably went under a dozen roads where you dip down, under the road, and then you come up on the other side. So that added about 100 feet of elevation gain for the course. But overall, no stop signs, no stop lights. It really was perfect. I don't think I could have found a better point to point course in Denver, in a city. Yeah, anyway, I'm very pleased with the Cherry Creek path and the choice for the time trial today. Now let's jump into the results. I'll pull up Strava for all of you, here we go. And it looks like I was able to hold a 508 per mile pace or about 310 per kilometer. So coming out with a 107.20 for the final time. I'm pleased, I'm very pleased. I knew, okay, ahead of time though, I knew I was gonna be close to that first half marathon time in Amsterdam, but what's crazy, I have not raced a road half marathon, I think in 10 years. I'm actually gonna try and go find the results when I was really out of shape. I decided to jump in a half marathon and here's the results on your screen. So I put those results on your screen for you to tell, and that this race was in Denver, just so you know. So at elevation, but keep dreaming. Keep working, keep fighting. Now again, I think it was about 10 years ago. I'll put it on your screen. There's my time and now I'm 10 years older and work, consistency, believing in yourself. But it's the long game, it's the marathon. We're not, you're not gonna see results in six months. You're not gonna see results in one year or maybe even two years. It takes dedication over years and years to develop, yes, that aerobic engine, that cadence and yes, today's cadence 194. Very pleased with that for my steps per minute out there on the Cherry Creek path. But I just wanna drive home that point. I think I dropped about 10 minutes from 10 years ago. So keep working out there, keep fighting and you will drop times. But it's all about that patience game. And one more point on the effort today before talking about the Alpha Flies is that, I think my breathing was pretty good out there. It was peaking toward the end. You can see it on your screen right now. And I think those were the underpasses where I dip down and then I'd have to go back up and dip down and go back up. So I think that's what those peaks were. But overall breathing felt good. I am yearning to get back in a gym. I, my form, I just don't feel as in control as let's say a month ago. Missing, I don't know, just the weights and the box jumps. I can do box jumps here at my house but it's just different. It's not the same. So I'm missing the gym and I got, I was really trying to focus on my arm carriage and my foot strike today. And I did pretty well in the visualization of the whole process of the visualization when it started to hurt. But I must say I got to stay focused over the next three weeks before the marathon time trial. Can you imagine where on earth, I don't know where I'm gonna do a marathon time trial if it's gonna be the same location but just go further out on the Platte River Trail. I'm not sure what's gonna happen but we will make it work together. Okay, here we go. The alpha flies, they're special, very special. I will say I'm having to lace up tighter and tighter every time I put these shoes on. So I think the Adam Knit upper material is stretching a little bit. So keep that in mind. Also I'm, I'm just now, I think I'm at about, there it is on your screen. I think I'm about 45 miles in these shoes so far. And just now I'm starting to see some compression through the midsole, meaning creases, okay? So today's effort was hard. I was digging and yes, I'm starting to see a little bit of compression there. They did great though, except for the sharp turns. Oh man, that was hard. I probably turned sharp one, two, three, probably three or four times where I literally did like a 90 degree turn. So that was a little challenging in these alpha flies. Okay, there you go everyone. Question of the day. Have I, have I piqued your interest in maybe incorporating a time trial into your training block, whether you're in the middle of a training block or the end of a training block, because I think again, as runners, getting out there and exerting your energy and just kind of getting the nerves out of the system, I think it's a really healthy thing, especially if you're used to doing running or racing and you can't do it right now. So that's the question of the day. Or part B, have you already done a time trial over the past, let's say month and how did it go for you? All right, there you go. Thanks for watching. Thanks for being here. Oh, it's fun. As you can tell, I'm pretty, I'm jazzed up right now because I got to go just let it rip and butter the bread and butter the bread. All right, we're tossing it back two, two weeks ago, I did the 23 mile, 23 mile long run in the Alpha Fly. As many of you have already seen that vlog, but if you haven't, you can go check it out right there. 23 mile long run. All right, everyone, you're the best. See beauty, work hard and love each other. Thanks for being here. See you tomorrow.


Our next speaker is Dr. Lois Nora. Dr. Nora is president and CEO of the American Board of Medical Specialties. The American Board of Medical Specialties is an organization that is devoted to improving quality of care for patients and works in collaboration with 24 medical specialty organizations to maintain and improve professional standards for physician certification. Dr. Nora received her MD from Rush Medical College and trained as a neurologist. She also received her JD here at the University of Chicago and her MBA from the University of Kentucky. Before joining the American Board of Medical Specialties, Lois had served as president and dean at the Commonwealth Medical College in Scranton, Pennsylvania and later as president and dean of Newcombe, the Northeast Ohio Medical University. Throughout Dr. Nora's career, she's focused on improving medical education, improving professional development and on issues at the intersection of law and medicine. Today, Dr. Nora's talk will be entitled Continuing Board Certification Focus on Opportunities. Please join me in giving a warm welcome to Dr. Lois Nora. Good morning. I'm delighted to be with all of you and thank you for the opportunity. Let me acknowledge my continuing debt and deep appreciation to Mark Siegler, the McLean faculty and the McLean family for what that particular experience meant to me in my professional formation and continues. In addition, because I need to leave at noon, please let me acknowledge Carol Stocking, who I had the privilege of being a student of and found to be one of the persons who combined wicked intelligence with incredible kindness in a very remarkable way. I am going to be talking about board certification and continuing certification, known by many in the audience, I know as maintenance of certification. I am a salaried employee of the American Board of Medical Specialties. Board certification is a key component of our system of professional self-regulation. And demonstrating part of the social compact where physicians professionally self-regulate in order to continue to deserve the public trust in the regulation that we do. Board certification is an integrative, summative decision based on information related to professionalism, on-going learning assessment, both self-assessment by the physician and by others and continuous quality improvement. There is an initial grant of certification, which usually comes within the years following residency and fellowship, and then a continuing certification process that we've talked about in past years has really generated a fair amount of discussion within the profession, particularly focused on is it as relevant as it needs to be? Is it too burdensome for clinicians, particularly in a time when we're very concerned about clinician well-being? So the opportunities I'm going to talk about today are particularly focused on the ethics community and they are based in some substantial changes that many of the ABMS member boards, there are 24 independent member boards, are doing to their continuing certification programs to both enhance relevance and meaning and reduce burden. And my sense is that some of this may have particular relevance for the ethics community. Based on these substantive new changes, I wanted to mention that there are new sub-specialties. Addiction medicine is the most recent sub-specialty that has been recognized under the American Board of Preventive Medicine. I mention that because in years past, on occasion, people from the ethics community have asked about sub-specialty certification. I believe for a variety of reasons that is not the interest in the ethics community right now, but to point out that new sub-specialties are evaluated and approved. There is something that may be of particular interest, which is a focused practice designation that I'll talk about in a moment, and alternatives that are developing to high stakes examination and movement within the board's community to longitudinal assessment. I think that may be a particular opportunity to enhance ethics learning across the profession of medicine in a way that you could be very important to. So what is the focus practice designation? Focus practice is distinct from specialty or sub-specialty certification. It recognizes, as the boards are recognizing, that physicians over years of practice oftentimes focus their work in a particular area. It's why many of the boards are moving towards focused examinations within their continuing certification programs or the like. But this designation recognizes an area that is directly related to the work that the clinician does and the continuing certification activities that would then be most relevant to that clinician. These are some of the rules around it. I just want to focus on the last one in particular, that focus practice has developed in some ways because within a number of the specialties they are saying, our continuing certification activities should be focused on this work that we do. And so it is intended to really impact what the continuing certification or maintenance of certification requirements are. And so a question, is ethics practice something that would be worthy of focus practice designation within one or more specialties of medicine? I should point out the boards do not develop focus practice designations. These are things that come from the specialty societies and elsewhere when they say we are interested in this. So this is something that I know I'm speaking to people who are leaders in their specialties within the ethics components within their specialties and the ethics organizations nationally, perhaps something to consider. So there are many, the next thing I want to talk about are the alternatives to high stakes periodic exams. For most, if not all of the boards, the ongoing assessment has been a periodic every six to ten years high stakes examination for which physicians went to a testing center, were palm printed, and reported substantial stress around the experience of the examination but also around the experience of preparing for the exam. Related to that but also consistent with new knowledge about adult learning and assessment, many of the boards are moving towards longitudinal assessment. This slide identifies the various boards that have pilots either planned or on the way in longitudinal assessment, which is a system in which their physicians or other diplomates receive a set number of questions quarterly on their home computer or on their cell phone, answer those questions, get immediate feedback and also get critiques that help direct the physician in terms of their ongoing learning. So something that is very much based in assessment for learning while at the same time allowing the boards to look at the overall performance over a period of years and use that as part of their summative conclusion about continuing certification. These are cert link is a platform that ABMS has developed to allow some of our smaller boards to actually do longitudinal assessment when it would be too costly for them to do it on their own. These are some of the hallmarks that we talk about in terms of flexible delivery, immediate feedback on performance. Let me share a little bit more about what that looks like. This would be an example of a question that might be given. People would answer it, have a period of time to answer it, and each of the boards are developing these somewhat differently. Many of the boards allow the use of external materials, for example. Then the diplomat is asked a number of questions. I think these are two of the important ones. First of all, how confident are you in your answer? And the physician has the opportunity to answer, and it does not impact their score whether or not they're confident or not. Because the needs of learners who are correct but not confident are very different than the needs of learners, the ones that scare us the most who are confidently incorrect. As part of our own continuous quality improvement, people are also asked how relevant this is to their practice. And then they get back immediately and answer why it was correct, why their answer was correct or not, and references and other learning materials that they can go to. So this is something that I think is very much going to be something that is popular with diplomats. Pediatrics in anesthesia are the furthest along in this, and in fact they have had very positive reactions from their diplomats. What are some of the opportunities for the ethics community? When the ongoing assessment of physicians was 200 or 250 questions every 10 years, it is very limited opportunity for the inclusion of ethics information. When boards are going to be giving lower stakes assessment for learning 80 questions a year to diplomats, there is a much greater opportunity for a broader construct of what those questions might be. I would suggest to you that within your boards, within your specialty societies, identifying the key areas for blueprints and potentially joining the over 5,000 volunteer physicians who work in the board's community right now may be worth thinking about. Emerging issues and knowledge. When Zika came out within a month, anesthesia had sent out a formative question that linked to the emerging evidence-based guidelines on Zika. What are the emerging issues that demand ethical comment? I would suggest to you, I've spent the last day and a half hearing a lot of them. I think it's an extraordinary opportunity to emphasize ethics education and practice. For this to happen, I encourage you to speak not only within your specialty societies but to the specific boards that are developing the questions and your board in particular. I wanted to mention the American Geriatric Society, which is some work that ABMS did to create a project of virtual patient cases. It's not longitudinal assessment, but it may be a mechanism where cases could be constructed that apply across many boards, something to think about. And finally, I want to make you aware of an initiative because I think as a community that truly understands continuing professional self-regulation and the importance of protecting that within our country, while at the same time understanding some of the challenges that there have been, I want to tell you about the vision initiative that has just been announced. We believe that certification is an important part of professional self-regulation. We recognize within the profession there is substantial agreement with the requirement of continuing certification, while there has also been anger about how it's been implemented. The boards have been criticized for limited involvement of the public and the broader profession when MOC was developed 20 years ago, and this is an attempt to identify that issue as well. And so the work of the commission assumes that participants are committed to professional self-regulation and recognize the role of a continuing process of board certification, not once and done. But otherwise, this vision initiative will totally reconsider what should continuing board certification look like and make recommendations to the board's community. It is intended to be inclusive, open, collaborative and candid. We are in phase one right now where a planning committee is developing what a commission, a group of 21 to 25 people working over a year period of time will do. I want to point out that none of the improvements are being delayed until the commission is finished. And then phase three is implementation. This is what the planning committee will do. I show you this slide only to point out that the boards have a minimum, a minority of individuals on the planning committee, and the planning committee otherwise has come from associate members of ABMS and particularly those who rely upon the credential. These are the members of the planning committee you will note that Graham McMahon who leads ACCME, Tom Naska who leads ACGME, and many others including three public members are here. Norm Kahn who is retiring from the Council on Medical Specialty Societies and I who am leaving the ABMS at the end of the year are co-chairing this and so as we leave the new commission will take over. As I said, the exact construct is still being determined but it is expected to engage the profession, the public and other stakeholders to receive information, answer questions, and make recommendations. My recommendations for the people here is a time for the ethics community to consider focus practice designation. Would this be appropriate within your board? Many boards across multiple boards you can have a focus practice designation. I encourage you within your specialty societies to leverage the opportunities inherent in longitudinal assessment and related learning opportunities because the specialty societies do the learning and within your boards to be talking to them about longitudinal assessment and whether you can join the cadre of people who are helping to write these assessments that will help drive learning. And I also encourage you to engage in the vision initiative as a community. There is an email address there if you want to volunteer yourself, your organization, at least in hearings if not actually suggesting that you might sit on the commission. Thank you very much. Lois, thank you so much. I want to go back to this focus practice designation. It's been surprising to me over the past 30 years how uninterested the ethics community has been in certification. And I think that that probably derives from the heterogeneity of the community. That is to say, I still, to the present, the majority of the community are not physicians and therefore they don't have any particular place where they can get certified. But that's not the case for clinical medical ethics. We've trained 400, 450 fellows about three-quarters of whom are physicians representing most of the specialties. And so this idea of focused practice designation of getting physicians, if I understood you correctly, recognized by their own subspecialty societies, is that it? Boards, not societies. By their boards, yes, by their boards. And working with their boards, both in terms of longitudinal assessment and the questions that would be prepared and written, that's a great opportunity. Can we talk with you further about that? Absolutely, you can talk with me further, but I would suggest the boards don't grow these. We have requirements. It should mostly come out of the subspecialty, the societies, if you will, but I'm happy to talk to anyone. I'm presenting it to you because I do think it's an opportunity, particularly because I believe a lot of the continuing certification work that is done by people in this room actually is focused in ethics. I do want to correct one misapprehension, however, which is two ABMS boards actually certifying non-physicians, and the absence, the lack of someone being a physician is not an absolute issue with subspecialty certification, but without question, what I have heard over the years is that the diversity of our community is something that lends itself to people not wanting to take this trick. Thank you.


I fall asleep within five minutes every single night and there's a very good reason for this. I've trained my brain to do this and I've actually tracked it with my aura ring which is a sleep tracking ring which shows you how to do this. So basically watch this video if you want to learn how to fall asleep in five minutes or less every single night. By the way the reason you'd want to do this is because it allows me to get good sleep. My readiness is good and I have more lucid dreams so it's a no-brainer that you'd want to do this. The first way I do this so the first way you can fall asleep in five minutes every night is to when you first wake up to get a lot of light and a lot of movement into your life. You need to basically wake up and immediately jump out of bed, run downstairs or into another room, open all the curtains, open all the windows and do some movement.  I know it sounds weird but you need to go outside, take your hoodie or jump it off so that at least your arms and your face are exposed to the sunlight or the daylight. It doesn't matter if it's cloudy and just be there for at least 20 minutes. Be outside in the sunlight. First thing in the morning like within the first hour plus movement so you could combine these two like I do. You could do your you could do an exercise routine out in the garden for example.  Number two and this is quite an important one with the time you wake up in the morning needs to be the exact same time every single morning. So for me I wake up at 6 30 a.m every morning even on weekends even when I'm on holiday even on trips even when I'm tired. So no matter what my sleep hormones and then also within half an hour of that waking up time I go outside and I do some exercise. So my sleep hormones are perfectly optimized my serotonin and melatonin are produced at exactly the right time in the right amounts because I'm in synchronization with the circadian rhythm with the sun and the cycles that the sun the sun does basically.  So what I would recommend to do is what I do and that is to have a sunrise alarm clock. This is an alarm clock which basically doesn't make any noise for the first half an hour. What it does is it starts off by turning on a light that simulates the sunrise very very low very dim and then it gradually gets brighter and brighter over the course of half an hour until it's full power and it looks like the sun. In the winter this is incredibly good because the sun is not there you know it's dark in the winter in the mornings especially if you live in Europe in the mornings in winter it's pretty dark before about 9 a.m. So obviously we've got things to do we don't want to wait till 9 a.m. to wake up so you simulate the sun with the alarm clock and then you also when the sun the virtual sun is at its full power you also have a sound alarm so I use a piano it's like a piano sound on my phone which is like another alarm so if the if the light didn't wake me up then the piano noise probably will and it's like this soft soothing nice classical music that's how you want to wake up and exactly the same time every day the artificial sun comes on and in the summer it's also sunny anyway so I don't really need the light in the summer but it's just a nice a nice bonus because your curtains should be closed and then it helps you to wake up then the piano noise comes on and then I naturally wake up within a few minutes so I actually wake up instantly and go to sleep within a fight within five minutes and then next arguably the most important one is to have this smallest meal that you possibly can in the evening so when so you don't have a huge dinner basically your digestion will massively slow you down that's the secret don't have a huge meal and also the earlier you can have your last meal the better your deep sleep quality will be at least that's what I found test it for yourself and it will help you sleep better it will also help you lose fat but that's another benefit so if you want to learn more about optimizing your sleep check out my free training in the description the breakthrough training there's a link there you can check it out and by the way leave a good don't go away just yet if you've watched this whole thing leave a comment now telling me the best tip you found for improving your sleep quality if you like me you constantly try to optimize your sleep and you want to know how to make it better so let me know the best tip you have in the comments down below


So, welcome everybody to the second in this series of webinars about the fair data principles and today we're up to A for Accessible. So last week we talked about the first one, Findable and now Accessible. Next week we'll talk about Interoperable and the week after that about Reusable. So first of all, I'd like to introduce myself. My name's Keith Russell, I'm from the Australian National Data Service, I'm your host for today. A big thank you to Susanna, Susanna Sabine in the background, she's organizing, co-hosting this webinar with me. Just as a bit of background, the Australian National Data Service works with research organizations around the country to establish trusted partnerships, reliable services and to enhance capability around the sector to add value to research data and to enhance the capability in the research sector. So we are working together with two other Enquist-funded projects, so that's RDS and NECTA, to create an aligned set of joint investments to deliver transformation in the research sector. There you are. So we have three speakers for today. I'll do a quick kick-off and just give a very brief introduction to what the fair data principles say about Accessible. And then I'm really excited and very grateful for two of our speakers today, David. David Fitzgerald, he is in this webinar, he doesn't have a big webcam, so that's why I don't see him at present. And David is a data manager at the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health. And David's going to be talking about how in the study and how in the data that's been provided, they make the data accessible. And I was especially interested in his perspective from the angle of sensitive data and making sensitive data accessible. The other speaker for today is Jingbo, Jingbo Wang from NCI. And I've asked Jingbo to talk a bit about how NCI makes their data accessible using services over the data. So they can be interrogated and used by humans and machines. So first of all, I'd like to give a brief introduction about the A in the data, in the fair data principles. And the A stands for Accessible. So the way it's being described and way Force 11 described the principles is that metadata, so data and the metadata, both of them, are retrieved by their identifier using a standardized communications protocol. So when retrieved by their identifier, that's the identifier we talked about last week, so that can be a DOI, a handle, a pearl, something that's persistent. And that through by using the DOI, a handle or pearl, you should be able to get access to the data or the metadata. And the protocol to get there should be open, free, and universally implementable. So the thing to think about there is that it's something that is a protocol which is standardized and used by, can be used by anybody. It's not something that is bespoke, not something that's home built or badly documented. The classic example is HTTP, that's the very usual, very normal way of using through internet accessing materials and accessing data. It should not require some specialized, expensive software. Another point they make in the data, in the data principles is that the protocol should allow for an authentication and authorization procedure where necessary. So this is a common misunderstanding is that when people read accessible, they think, oh, that means I have to make my data open. If you actually read the data principles, that's not what they're saying. What they're saying is accessible does not actually have to be open or free, but you are expected to give exact conditions under which the data are accessible. So even the heavenly protected and private data can be made fair. If you implement it properly, implement the fair data principles properly, then a human being can see that the data is maybe not openly available, but then what steps they need to take to get access to the data. And because in the fair data principles, they also talk about machine access to data. If a machine goes hunting around and looking for the data, the machine should be able to recognize that the data is not open and what steps need to be taken to actually get to the data. I'll talk about that a little further. If the user, so that's either the human or the machine, has been granted access to the data, then it should be accessible through some sort of authentication and authorization procedure, some standard procedure. The last point they make under the fair data principles about being accessible is in the case in which data is no longer available, at least the metadata should be accessible. So this is of course not ideal, but in some cases it is necessary to actually take the data down. So that could be if consent for use was only for a limited period of time or maybe there's been a legal takedown notice or something along those lines that really make it impossible to no longer make the data available. In that case it is valuable to still keep up a metadata record describing the data and explaining that the data is no longer available. Now just to reinforce that accessible does not always have to be open, there are clear cases in which data cannot be made openly available. Obvious example is where data refers to human beings and specific characteristics of those human beings like information about their health, their income, religion, attitudes, political persuasion, all that sort of stuff. That's not the sort of information you can make publicly available. Other examples and that's probably worth remembering is that there are other sets of data. So for example, threatened species. The location of where threatened species can be data which is not some of you want to make openly available because that could mean that the last few of those species are hunted down or collected. The famous example, the wool of my pine, the location of those specific species need to be protected. So finally, another example where data cannot always be made openly available is where there are commercial interests in the data and maybe the metadata can be shared but the data itself is sensitive. Well, there are commercial interests around that and in that case it would not be appropriate for that to be made openly available. When considering making data accessible, we do argue to make it as accessible as possible and as openly available as possible. The possible angle there is just to provide the metadata as a starting point. If the rest cannot be made available, at least the metadata, slightly more useful perhaps is making it available through mediated access and in that case it's valuable to be clear about how the user can actually get access and that can be through by providing an email address, name, telephone number and if for example the user has to go through an ethics procedure to get access to the data, then clearly describe that ethics procedure and what sort of information is required to apply for that ethics procedure. So I was talking about the mediated access and about providing information about who to contact if you want to get access to the data. One thing to keep in mind there is if you list a person within the organization, have a think about whether that person is ever going to leave, if that's a researcher, if they're going to another organization, have a fallback, have some sort of mechanism to make sure that or maybe a more general email address so that when that data custodian leaves, somebody else can at least answer the question and grant access to the data. Another possible angle in making data accessible is creating a de-identified version of the data and making that public as long as it's properly de-identified and that can be useful for certain data users, at least have a better view what's in the data set and for some purposes a de-identified version can be enough. Finally, good point to keep in mind is if you do want to make the data accessible, plan for this and you can send forms because coming back afterwards and trying to get consent is not easy. Another angle worth keeping in mind and that's something I've invited Jingbo to talk about more is making data accessible can be through various routes and various protocols and in some cases it doesn't make sense to have a large data set available through download. In some cases it can make much more sense to actually have services over the data which allow the users to interrogate parts of the data, pull in parts of the data that are much more specific and answer their requests and that can be for a human being but especially for a machine that can be extremely useful. So one thing to keep in mind there, you need some sort of community agreed standards around that but Jingbo is going to talk much more about that. So that was all from a much more theoretical perspective. I'm very grateful that I have two speakers today to talk about accessible in practice and how they have actually tackled making data accessible and the first speaker for today is David, David Fitzgerald and he's a data manager at the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health and I'm very grateful that David's available to talk about what ALS-WH has done to make quite sensitive data still accessible for others to reuse. So David is on the line and I'd like to hand over to David and then David can talk about how in the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health they have made data accessible. Thank you, Keith. OK, so I'm David Fitzgerald, the data manager for ELS. How do I pronounce it? It's the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health and I'll be talking about the accessibility issues for this. So I'm going to first of all explain and give background to our study and then talk about the accessibility issues and try and relate them to the fed data principles which I've just listed here and these are the exact ones which Keith showed earlier. So I won't go through them in detail but I'll try and relate these to our study. OK, so what is the ELS study? It's a collaborative effort project from the two universities of Newcastle and Queensland and in fact the two universities are sort of there sort of related to keeping the sensitive data which I'll talk about briefly. It's one of Australia's longest running longitudinal epidemiological studies. So it's been going since 1996 and is ongoing and we hope to go further into the future funded by the Australian government. So we started off with over 40,000 women and a few years ago we got a new cohort of 17,000 women and I'll show you the four cohorts we work with. Here they are. So the four cohorts are aged based and we define them in the years of birth. So you can see this one, the oldest one born born in 1991 to 26 and there's three other ones of various ages and as you can imagine each cohort has their own health issues and that's what we're interested in and indeed the Australian government is interested in. So what are we collecting and our methodology? So health issues and in particular mental, physical, reproductive, social health there's more and also life transitions. So the different ages of women obviously going through different life transitions, life events and things which are related to health employment, health service use and more and I'll just mention a bit of data linkage. I don't want to stress this because it's a big area with lots of issues but we have actually linked our survey data with some administrative data sets and in fact they're listed there, the MBS, PBS and Cancer Registries and Immitted Patient Hospital. The linkage can be particularly sensitive and we treat them quite differently in how we make the data accessible. So the data is used extensively and in particular more than 680 peer reviewed papers have been published using our data and also we report back to the government frequently and national health policies have been informed by reports and use of our data. Okay so I'll go on to the sort of aspects of accessibility and see how it relates to our data. So that one there about being retrieval by an identifier using the standard communications protocol. So all the data sets from our survey which are analysed and used have an identifier, the same identifier and I just stress it's de-identified but with a consistent new identifier and that's across all surveys. So anyone using our survey data, I'll just put the caveat as long as it's not part of the linked data but anyone using this survey data has one and only one identifier for use and we say this has been de-identified because there are no personal names on the data, no addresses, no post codes, no dates of birth although the year and month of birth are actually given. So obviously to do things like age analysis and any, they are the main ones but any other data which is deemed to be identifiable is stripped off. The identifier is, we call it the ID alias, it's actually not the administrative ID which a respondent would see or somebody working in an office in Newcastle who's communicating with our respondents. They would not know what the identifier, the analysable identifier is, they would have a different administrative idea and just on this point, any small cell sizes which we think are identifiable are grouped into larger groups and for example country of birth, we group into broad continental geographical areas to avoid particular countries of birth coming up and anyone using the data has to, along with a number of other conditions, they must not identify respondents which although we go to lengths to sort of make that very difficult, it's conceivable that something could come up but they promise and sign that they will not identify respondents if they ever had that possibility. Okay, so I was also just sort of asked to sort of look at legal and ethical issues. So we do have a legal contract with the Australian Government Department of Health and in fact, this is ongoing and we didn't get a 20-year one. We regularly update it and short-term contracts and also the ethics committees from the two universities there have approved our usage and in fact, every time we do a new survey because it's longitudinal, every year we're actually going back to at least one of the cohorts to survey them, each new survey which is not identical to previous surveys is subject to ethics committee oversight and approval. So we do have extensive legal and ethical issues there. So I want to talk about how actually an investigator or a re-user would get access to our survey data. So they, and as we explained, this is all on the website but they must first complete an expression of interest form and in particular they'd say who they are, why they are a sort of a serious researcher, what they want to find out from the data and that would be reviewed by our Publications Sub-Studies. That's the BSA Committee and if their EOI expression of interest is approved they will sign confidentiality and data use documents, statements before receiving the de-identified data and they also must report back to us about their progress and we expect some sort of some immediate work on the data and for them to continue with that access. But if their expression of interest is successful the data are actually sent to them and this is an area which I'm directly involved in. And so we do it before sending the data encrypted, we use 7Z software and that compresses it as well. We use the AIRnet cloud source system to send data to the approved researchers, re-users and an email was sent to them as well with passwords but also to Sub-Studies Contact with the management here so for future correspondence. And I'll just put a note there about, we have linked data but we never send this out actually and anyone using this has to actually come to our offices or actually there's the SACS Institute shore facility which also can have it but we don't own the linked data so we've agreed not to send it anyway. So public metadata, so this refers back to protocol being open so we have a website which lists the above procedure in fact that I went through but also has a lot of metadata on it including a data dictionary which lists all the variables and the many data sets. We have a data dictionary supplement which is a description of the frequently used variables with some detail. A data map that shows how the variables are used across the different surveys and cohorts. We're not saying different surveys, the longitudinal, we have up to eight surveys for some of our cohorts and so each one is deemed a different survey and has slight differences from other surveys. We have a list of all the variables used in spreadsheets for easy access. We also have data books which list essentially the frequency summaries of the variables. The question is that the respondents filled in. Technical reports which we produce should go into detail on many of our reports and a frequently asked question page on exactly that and so making metadata accessible, in fact we make data although our data is not completely open we do want to make it accessible and we do archive both metadata and the data and we do that annually with the Australian data archives and although they are not releasing it yet the plan is from the future for them to take over a release of our data perhaps when we're not doing it ourselves and that will be a role to keep our data sort of useful and used in the long term. And yeah, so that's what I've got to say. I'd just like to acknowledge the women in our study who fill in the surveys and of course the Government Department of Health for Fundingness and the Universities of Queensland and New South Wales for doing the job. So thank you, that's what I have to say. Thank you David, thanks. Just really interesting presentation, interesting to hear how you've made data accessible in practice and what it means to make sensitive data accessible to researchers. Thanks for that perspective and thanks for that view on how quite sensitive data can still be made accessible through various routes. I think it's really interesting to hear that you both have the route of de-identified data through appropriate routes but also linked data, so much richer version but then through either sure or through coming to the ALS, ALS, the Australian Longest Genial Studies in itself. I've got to work on that one. Thanks. Okay, I'd like to now move on to Jingbo and Jingbo's got a, I've asked Jingbo to talk also about making data accessible through a very different perspective and Jingbo works at NCI and NCI does all sorts of elements around making data findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable. Today, I've asked Jingbo to focus on the accessible side of things but I do want to note that NCI also does a whole bunch of other things in this space. Thank you, Keith. I think I would just turn off my camera because I can't see my presentation. Right, so my name is Jingbo Wang. I work at National Computational Infrastructure which is a computer, super computer center located in Australian National University campus. So today I'm going to address different flavor of data accessibility practice at NCI and before I go for that, I just wanted to make a comment that fair principle is quite useful to govern our data management practice and we use it a lot in every single aspect in our data management. So this is the quick overview of the data sets we have. So as you can see, I've listed here the main data type that we store at NCI are national collections about climate models, satellite images, bathymetry, elevation, hydrology, geophysics and those data are quite geospatial focused but we also have other social science data and genomic sequencing data and astronomy data. So we aim to provide a user with data as a service as many digital repository will do. In our data management, we catalog data so that people can query the metadata database to find what we have here. We also publish data through various data services. That's a focus I'm going to talk about in the next few slides. We offer data quality assurance, data quality control and benchmarking use cases. We provide data through virtual laboratories. We also provide help on data visualization. If I wanted to make something that we are different from other digital repository is because we co-located with HPC facility, high performance computing. Given the nature of our large scale of the data, we host more than 10 petabyte research data. So we really wanna make good use of the high performance computing here to advance science research. So this is the six stop points that I wanted to address today about the data access. So I put the red color words to show the difference for each points. So initially I will talk about the how do we control the data access and then I'm going to present one example of how do we use persistent identifier to manage data access. Then I will talk about two main data services that we offer at NCI for our users. One is the threads, the other one is a g-ski which is a more fancy and scalable distributed data server. Finally I'm going to cover very quickly about the data versioning and the quality of the data. So the first point is about how do we control the data access? Most of our data are coming from our stakeholders such as Geoscience Australia, the Bureau of Meteorology, CSRO, universities and many data has been funded by Australian government. So it naturally fall into CC by full license. Some owners also impose that this data should be non-commercial, non-derivative or share alike type of CC by. We also have international partners such as in the European and US and they impose even strict term and conditions if people wanted to access the data. So this is the legal perspective about how do we control the license, the data access through licenses. On the file system, we actually hard-coded the data access control using echos. So this is a way how do we separate different group of people access the same data. So we have basically for each collection we have two access group. The first group has the read and write permission which means those are data managers who are able to generate data and write data and modify data. The second group is read-only group. So for those people who are in the read-only group they can access the data on the file system but they can't really modify anything. This way we actually protect the integrity of the data. We only give access to authorized person who really can manage the data. So there is also a social aspect of data access. For a research project, we often see the embargo period that maybe after two years of the project the data can be made available. Also, some researchers say I want to share my data after my journal article about this data set is published. So another example is from the Bureau of Meteorology. We have a data that there is a six months time delay between the data is being developed, verified until it is being operational available on our thread server. So the second point I wanted to raise is our practice about implementing a persistent identifier. Often we experience some frustration about when we give people the URL to access the data. It only valid for a certain period of time or only valid during the time that somebody can maintain it. Afterwards, we can't really guarantee. And also the URL, the original URL, if you look at on the left-hand side of the slides, those are the metadata catalog URL or service endpoint URL. Let's look at the second one, which is service endpoint. So from this URL name convention, you can tell the later parts, which include the project code, file path, file name. Anything in this path, for example, project code changed, you rename the file or we shuffle the file around and this link will be broken. So the original URL that we provided here is not a very stable one. We adopt the product that CSRO developed some time ago about persistent identifier as a broker. So we now, most of the time, we give the external user the right-hand side of the name convention. As you can see, we have four main categories after PID.nci.org.au. Now we have data set, we have services, we have documentation, and we have vocabularies. The only thing, keep it unique is the file identifier or UUID. It's basically, as long as the identifier keeps the same, the URL on the right-hand side is pretty consistent. If anything changed in the original URL on the left-hand side, what we need to do is update the mapping inside of the PID services broker without interrupting the URL that we give to the external user. We have the technical implementation published in the Digital Science Journal, so you're welcome to have a look. Now I'm going to talk about the main data services that Keith really wanted me to address from NCES perspective. So I divided our type of data service into two main groups. One is the OGC services. I'm going to talk more about what is OGC in a second. The other type of data services is more project-specific, such as we are one of the largest node in Southern Hemisphere as part of the Earth's System Federation Group, which is the aggregation of climate model from Global Research Institute. So the way we provide data services is we copy the main of the data model to serve for Australian users. Another fancy data service that I'm going to show you a bit more is called Giskey. It's a scalable data server that directly interact with our file system. So what is OGC? OGC is Open Geospatial Consortium. It is an international, non-profit organization to make quality open standards for global geospatial community. We find OGC standards quite useful for us because we have a lot of geospatial featured data and OGC have all sorts of standards for different type of mapping, feature, coverage, processing for us to use because it's so common and it's free for people to use. And if we made the data available through OGC standards, a lot of people naturally can access our data. So that's the motivation. So what is OGC services? It's actually an API in the middle between the data store and the user. So the user can request whatever available on OGC services. Let's say I want a map about the anomaly across whole Australian continental and NCI host this data. But we host the data, we don't host images. What the OGC web services is do is he actually extracts the image and return back to the user and user can take the URL which contain the image of the data put on their own web portal. For example, you can get the URL and copy and paste onto the national map to show the grades. So NCI has two main production data type service. One is the threads. So you can often find the threads available on our data catalog. This is the interface of the geo network. So the red circle link is the NCI thread server. So you can open and click it. The second interface is the data catalog. They more or less contain the same information but serving for different purposes. Geo network is mainly for data harvester from machine accessible. The data catalog is for human readable. So threads in a short, in a very simple term is it's the data services which allow you to browse and access the data. So I've listed here six main type of services that threads offer. The very first to two, OpenDAP and that CDF is subset, subsetting the data. So we have a lot of very large data but in practice when scientists access the data they don't necessarily have to access all the data. They might just need a very small piece of data from this big pool. So what the threads can offer is you can actually define your query and only get the data, the part that you want. So it really save a lot of traffic on the internet. The other two standard OGC web mapping services, web coverage is very popular for people to access the mapping and coverage directly out of our data. And of course, threads offer a very quick data viewer. If you don't know what this data is, you can have a quick look of what it is on the web without downloading it. Of course, the also threads offer the direct download if you really want to download the data. Another fancy scalable distributed data server that I was talking about is called Giskey. Giskey is the in-house and un-CI developed product. What it does is we have a lot of data on the file system, millions, millions file on the system. If we wanted to people to query this data, how? It's gonna to be very hard to create millions of metadata records for every single file. So what we've done is we use the crawler to crawl the file system, get the header of the file and formulate as a database, metadata database. And then the database will be a clear window for people to hand in the request.  So the metadata database actually includes those essential geospatial information and it returned back to the user of what they requested. So we published recently a technical details of Giskey implementation. You're more than welcome to have a look. Yeah, sorry, I think you're getting close to the end. I just wanted to ask you, there was only about a minute or two left. So if you could work towards the end. I'll quickly go through. Yes, so the last two points will be version data. Again, because of the scale of the data, we can't really store every single step of the data. So what we can do is we stalk the raw data and the final version and we keep the URI of the metadata in the middle step. So in that way, the province information was kept and also saved the storage. The last point of the quality data is I would think some users say, we can't really assume we can access data and data is flawless. So by publishing data, aside with the quality report, we wanted to provide the data access with a certain type of assurance. So we also have the publication that is going to be in place very soon. Thank you for your attention. That's our experiences so far about this access. Thanks, thanks Gingba. That was really a very quick overview of all the work you've been doing around services and all the work you've been doing there about making data accessible, and not only for humans, but also for machines. So first of all, I would like to thank David and Gingba again for providing a sort of insight into what it means in practice in making data accessible from different perspectives. So that was the very interesting presentations. In case you're interested in learning more about making your data accessible and things you can think about there, this slide provides you some resources. The med.data project's got a number of materials around sensitive data. There's a link here to the Australian Data Archive and the access conditions there. On the ANS website, we have some materials on sensitive data. Another piece of work we're doing together with the community is looking at data services. So this is the work that Gingba also talked about and making sure that the services over the data are discoverable. There is an interest group working in this space. So if you're interested in learning more about it and also engaging more around that, please follow the link and there's more information there about that data services interest group. Last year, we also did 23 things, research data things and two of the research data things are relevant to the topics discussed today. So have a look at those thing 10 and thing 19 if you want to learn more and also want to get your hands dirty and try out a little bit what it means to make data accessible. The link at the bottom is just the general link about the fair data principles on the ANS website. So this week, we talked about accessible. Next week, we're going to be talking about interoperable. Thank you all for your attention. Or finally, I would like to acknowledge and thank, or first of all, our speakers for today, but I would also like to thank Encriss, so the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy Program for funding ANS and making this all possible. Thank you all for your time and look forward to seeing you next week.