Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA the Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel, Big Time SBC. Drop today, I'm Feefal from the team. You're hearing a lot about it. I'm sure a lot of you guys have done it. The Icon Upgrade SBC. Now, I think a lot of people would have liked to see this SBC be a little bit cheaper, but tons of people are doing it and that's what I want to take a look at with you guys on the market today and ultimately kind of decide is this SBC worth it? Is it worth it to do one? Is it worth it to do two or three? What is worth it with this SBC? Right off the bat, I mean, this is my thoughts. It takes an 87 rated and an 86 rated squad and it's over here on foot bin costing you around 250,000 coins. So basically what EA did with this SBC was they based the value of this SBC on the floor, the Icon Market Floor yesterday. So the Icon Market Floor before this SBC came out was around 250 to 270,000 coins and that makes sense, right? Because people were using icons in some Icon SBCs and that held the floor of those icons up a little bit. But with that SBC coming out today costing you about 240,000 coins, a lot of people are packing these lower level icons and the demand on the market is not there like it used to be because everybody has these cards on tradeable now through this pack. So that's why EA made this cost about 240, 250,000 coins to do the SBC because that was basically where the floor of the icon was at and that's basically how they've been valuing some of these SBCs. Basically, if you think about Pogba, they valued Pogba's SBC at its headliners price before that was re-released back into the packs. That card was around a million coins and that SBC for the footies Pogba was around a million coins as well. But I kind of think they could have made this SBC a little bit cheaper. I feel like they could have maybe dropped one of the Tots cards or maybe did like an 85 and 86 rated squad because there's a lot of lower rated icons that you get from this SBC and that's one of the first things that really makes me think that this SBC is not worth it. It is cool to get an icon upgrade and this SBC would be definitely worth it if primer icons were included. But as it looks to me right now, I'm thinking this SBC maybe do one. If you're somebody who has coins like me, 3.6 million right now, I bought Team This Season's Sun today for you guys to follow my coin amount and coin total just so you know what I'm doing with my coins. I bought this Sun card today for 4.90. Probably gonna stay in my club for the rest of the year. We'll see just because I'm a Spurs fan and wanna use that card. But if you're somebody who has over a million coins, this SBC is out for six days. If you still aren't deciding what you wanna do with it, just try once, see what happens. At the worst, what you do with this SBC, you do one of them and you can throw that player into an icon SBC. Even if you don't plan to do that icon, you can at least get 100,000 coin pack from that card. And that'll help you out a lot cause you can easily get two or three special cards, some Team This Season's from some of these 100K packs and you can make some of that coin amount back. So if it's an icon that you don't think you're gonna use, let's say you put them into Ronaldinho or Hulet and you put that into 100,000 coin pack, you paid 250K out of pocket for that SBC and you get like 50K back from that SBC. Technically you can say that SBC cost you 50,000 coins net. That's something you can do to maybe offset the price, but then you're relying on pack luck and we know that relying on pack luck is not the best thing to do in this game. So I wanted to look at that a little bit and first off, just kind of talk about is this SBC worth it? And for most of you guys, I'm gonna say no. I don't think this SBC is really worth it to grind if they had. And this is what I really, really wanted to see today and I think the FIFA community wants to see this even more especially us people who are more hardcore grinders in this game. We really wanna see those 81 plus packs, the 82 plus packs back out on the game. We really wanna see those back out on the game because if we had those, it would be so, so easy to craft these SBCs. I'm telling you, it would be insanely easy to craft some of these SBCs. Now I wanna take a look at some of the cheapest players by rating on the market, look at some of this stuff. I talked to you guys about stocking your club with some of the higher ratings today and it looked like that was a good idea because last night some of the 86s that we looked at 12 hours before this SBC came out were around 10K. I remember seeing Ozil specifically for like 11, 10,000 coins. So some of those cards have gone up a decent amount. Some of the 87s have gone up, you know, four to 5,000 coins, a lot. Guys that were low last night, I remember seeing Mancini at like 12K last night and Lazari down there as well. Since those were TOTS cards and you needed team of the season cards in this SBC today, those rose up a little bit more than others did, which was nice. And then the 88 ratings as well rose up a decent amount. Basically, if you had TOTS cards, Delort was like, you know, sometimes you can get them on a snipe for like 15 or 16,000 coins. He's back up to 23, probably was even higher when the SBC first came out. But a lot of that stuff did go up today and I think what really went up the most today was some of the 84s. Remember last night I was talking to you guys about doing a club stock on the 84s? They were around 4,500 coins. They all shot up to 6K today and some of these guys probably went extinct. Actually, I know for a fact that some of these guys went extinct at one point in the day today. Let's look at the hourly graft. The hourly graft for Delhi Ali was around 5,000 coins. 5,800, 5,700 jumped up to 8,000 coins. I'm sure there were a lot of other examples like that. I know that I looked in the middle of the day. I looked at Raul Albiol and I looked at Javi Martinez and Javi Martinez was actually extinct on the market, but that was partially due to the Gretzgra SBC being re-released. That was partially due to that SBC being re-released. But again, one thing that we saw today with this SBC and this has kind of been how it's going. A lot of people are still investing for these SBCs. That's why you see the start price of this SBC go down, rise up to its highest point about two hours after and then kind of fluctuate down in price. But as you see right now, it's back up at 250K on Xbox. So if you're somebody who invested in some of this stuff, don't sell it just yet. If you invested in some high-rated cards and you're wondering when to sell, when's the best time to sell, I would sell those probably before 6 p.m. UK today just because you don't want to risk it with upgrade packs coming out or with another tradable pack giving out 50K and 100K packs. You might see that SBC rise a little bit before 6 p.m. today as people go on and do that SBCs, maybe get your coins out then. Then we did get this Leon Gretzgera card today and if you did not do it the first time, this is an absolute fantastic card and you get some pretty decent packs back. It does cost you around 200,000 coins to do this SBC but he is well worth it. I love this card this year, this Gretzgera card.  We have Renato Sanchez, a beast card in Foot Swaps which costs you six, five tokens for this Renato Sanchez card. So I think a lot of people might actually be going for this card now with all the other Byron cards that have come out. So that's a decent shout there as well. But again, if you guys did a little bit of a club stock, I honestly did not, just because I am basically done trading with this game. You've heard me say that multiple times. Probably some of these cards went up today. Kokei, what's he at? What is Kokei chilling at right now? 14,000 coins. Looks like he's around 14K. That's pretty high for an 84 rated. Not super high though. Now, if Vidal was 14K, which he is not, looks like he's like 12, that would be more impressive to me. Kadira, I'm probably actually gonna save these players and do an SBC myself. I should have sold this card though. So he's still extinct. Oh yeah, he's still extinct. Give me 10K for Javi Martinez, we'll take that. But a lot of these cards are inflated in price. I bought a few of them, some of them I've just packed.  And that's what I would recommend you guys do. And if you have the coins, just do one, try it out, see what you get. And maybe we can have some fun with that. But I really wanted to bring that SBC to you guys today and talk about actually on the market some other things that happened. So I bought that Sun card. I mentioned I bought Sun at 490,000 coins. I bought that card today. Basically when that SBC dropped, there were people that were every day at 6pm UK on the market. When we get the content drop, there's panic. Basically every single day because we're getting SBCs that supply cards onto the market or people are just listing cards up for sale. This Cristiano Ronaldo card was 3.6 million coins. I think I have one on my transfer list. 3.75 and I saw one for 3.65 as well. A lot of these cards dropped. Erickson was 2.90. He's now right around 3.40. So I mean, these cards are gonna fluctuate a lot. I saw Boppe at 1.5 flat. Now he's 1.65. So these cards do fluctuate a lot. Not to say that if you're trying to trade with them, if you want one of these for your team or just to play with for the day and then maybe try to cut your losses or minimize your losses in selling overnight. Buying at 6pm UK is a decent shout, especially if they release packs. Today being Tuesday, I think we'll probably get a player SBC. I think they've been releasing player SBCs on Tuesdays and usually some other type of pack. Ribri has two days left. I think Kevin De Bruyne goes away tomorrow and Zlatan went away yesterday. So we're gonna have only two players in the store besides the footies players. So I think we might see another re-release of a player SBC. Maybe that's a Van Dyke. Maybe that's a Sterling that I mentioned before. Those player of the year cards could very easily be re-released onto Ultimate Team. So that's gonna be something that's very interesting to watch. Actually, to end this video off, I'm gonna open a couple of these 30K packs because that's what we've been doing with our coins here at the end of the game is having a little bit of fun with these packs that are out. Now hopefully we get the upgrade packs so I don't have to do this anymore. So I don't have to actually do this and list these cards up and do it this way. I would much rather, is Alex to share a Sterling right now? Not really. I would much rather just have the coins. But dude, this is fun. You can do this every day. There's people that are opening these packs. Let's go, it's a freaking walkout. Every day people are opening these promo packs because it's just something to do. Who is this? Kostich left wing back. What is he going for right now? Probably like 20K. Probably like 20K. I'm sure the IconSBC is helping his value out a little bit. 39,000 coins. So he actually went up in price. This guy actually went up in price today because of the SBC. So that's a GG if you bought some of those higher rated Tots cards. Anything else in the pack? An 84. Yo, sounds good to me man. I'm gonna list this up at 39. And see what we get there. Send the rest of the club. Do a little quick sell. And then we'll open a couple more of these because we just made our money back on that pack. I'm not worried about coins. We're just here to have fun. And I figured I would end this video off with a little bit of fun. And a few packs being opened, you know? A little bit of fun and a few packs being opened. It's a pretty poor pack luck, to be honest. Also, side note boys. I literally ordered FIFA 20. I pre-ordered FIFA 20 right before the deadline for the ultimate edition with the ones to watch. Literally like 10 minutes before that was going to go away. I pre-ordered the game just in time. So that's kind of funny. I got my pre-order. I'm set for FIFA 20. We're ready to make coins to have fun with a new game. And there's gonna be probably some more FIFA 20 content. I know I've mentioned that a few times, but there's definitely gonna be some more FIFA 20 content coming to the channel here pretty soon as we continue to get information. After footies is over, boys. After footies is over, it's all FIFA 20, basically. From here on out, FIFA 20 preparations. FIFA 20 things we can do to get ready. This is Ming's. Tyrone Ming's, is that his name? Just a lot of preparation type stuff in the upcoming future. So I'm excited for that. Just to see what that brings. As we finish off these packs, what a video today, boys. A little bit of a market talk, talking about the Icon SBCs and some duty packs as well. I probably should have stopped because I'm trying to buy Team of the Season Ronaldo. And this is hurting my abilities to do that as I continue to pack players that are not gonna make me coins. Last one, EA, let's go. Hook me up, 30K pack. Come on, give me a walk out. Let's go. Big Team of the Season player right here, EA. What's this? A man of the match? Who's this? Tyson? Is this Tyson? Tyson? 86 rated. Oh my, what's his discard value? Could there be a Tots card behind this? There is not. That's disgraceful. Actually, does he sell? Since he's 86 rated, it does not look like the man sells for really anything. Back here at 18K. I'm just gonna quick sell him. Just gonna quick sell him, all right? That should do us fine. But boys, thank you for watching the video today. We ended with some packs that were a little bit less than desirable, but we did make some sales from it. Probably didn't make our coins all the way back. But it was fun, you know?  And yeah, boys, make sure you stay tuned to the Twitter channel. Link is below in the description. You'll be able to be notified there when videos go live and when I do go live on Twitch as well. But again, one last note. This icon, SBC, do one, have fun with it. I'll probably do one on stream at some point later this week just to see what we get. Just do one and have fun. Hopefully we get the repeatable upgrades though that would help so much with this SBC and being able to grind it and to craft it. That is for sure. If you enjoyed the video, always smash the thumbs up on it. Comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe to the channel if you're new. It's been Nate, The Foot Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace.


Hey everyone, my name is Erica. I work on Microsoft's Visual C++ team and today I'm going to be chatting with you all about C++ cross-platform development with Visual Studio and the Windows subsystem for Linux. So I'm going to start by defining what we mean when we say native support for WSL and Visual Studio. I'm then going to introduce our CMake support in Visual Studio and then the bulk of my time is going to be spent in a demo where I configure a CMake project to build and debug both locally on Windows and on the Windows subsystem for Linux and then at the end I'm going to quickly cover our WSL2 story. So since Visual Studio 2017, we've had support for building and debugging C++ projects on remote systems over SSH. In Visual Studio 2019, we added native support for WSL and WSL or the Windows subsystem for Linux. If you haven't used it, let's develop or run a Linux environment directly on Windows. When we say our native support, what we mean is that instead of invoking commands on WSL as if it were our remote system over SSH, all commands are executed locally. This means there's just one single copy of your source tree and no need for Visual Studio to manage file copying or maintain two synchronous copies of your build tree, one on Windows and one on your Linux system. This leads to no dependency on SSH as well as performance improvements. If you're using Visual Studio 2019 version 16.4 or later, you can also leverage the integrated terminal to interact directly with WSL from Visual Studio. CMake is a cross-platform open-source meta-build system and it's really popular among C++ developers, especially among those who are doing cross-platform development. It is our recommendation for anything cross-platform or with an IDA open-source team. CMake support in Visual Studio means that you can open any folder containing a CMakeList.txt file and edit it, build it, and debug it locally on Windows, on our remote system, or on WSL without ever generating Visual Studio project and solution files. You can still leverage almost the same full suite of IntelliSense code navigation and debugging features that you might be used to when working with Windows-based solutions, as well as some CMake-specific features that will make it easier for you to make sense of, edit, and author your own CMake scripts in Visual Studio. All of this stuff I'm going to be showing and talking about more as a part of my demo. With that, I'm just going to hop in. Here I have a CMake project open in Visual Studio. It looks and behaves very similarly to a normal Visual Studio solution with a few key differences. The CMake Settings Editor is where you can specify what system CMake will be invoked on and where you'll be building. So again, that can be locally on Windows, that can be on our remote system connected over SSH, or that can be natively on WSL. So right now I'm building on WSL using the GCC toolset. The CMake Settings Editor is also where you can specify things like configuration type, any CMake variables or environment variables, and pick your compilers. The CMake Settings Editor is just an overlay on top of the CMakeSettings.json file, which can be checked in and shared between team members so that all of your project-specific CMake configuration only needs to be done once. The project that I'm working with right now is just a calculator that takes in any number of post-fix expressions and evaluates them. So I'll go ahead and run it and show you how it works. Note that because I'm building and running on WSL, whenever I start debugging, it's using the Frontend, the Visual Studio Debugger backed by GDB. So here I have the Linux Console window, which is a way for me to interact directly with my applications running on WSL or on a remote system from Visual Studio. It's interactive so I can give it some input. I'll read in an expression, x equals 2, read in another expression, x plus x, and then evaluate the second expression, or in this case, x plus x. And it looks like I've hit an address sanitizer error. So address sanitizer is a runtime memory error detector for C and C++ that used to be native to Linux and Mac that we have integrated directly with the Linux workload in Visual Studio. So that address sanitizer errors will surface in the IDE alongside your code whenever you are debugging on WSL or on our remote system. And I say used to because we actually recently ported ASAN over to be used on Windows with the MSVC tool set as well. But it looks like I have a heat buffer overflow issue here. So I'll dig around and see if I can see what's happening. So we'll jump over to the call stack and start stepping through. And here it looks like I have an array of expressions with two elements, but we're trying to access the second element and it's index at zero, so that's out of bounds. So I want to see if I can find where this m expression number is being set. So I will find all references. And it looks like these results returned at the top is where it's actually being set. So I'm going to jump to about, yeah, line 8090 ish. And yeah, here it looks like we're reading in all of the expressions. But then we're setting expression number equal to red number. And for a better user experience, this should probably be red number minus one. So that for example, if the user wants to evaluate their second expression, we're accessing the first element of the array. So I'll change that here and here, save the file. And then I'm also going to hop back over here and set a breakpoint where this is actually being evaluated. So I can make sure it's behaving as I want. I just said a normal breakpoint, but when you're debugging on WSL or our remote system with Visual Studio, you still have the full suite of debugging features available to you. So I could still make this, you know, conditional breakpoint or a trace point, which doesn't halt code execution. And with that, I will restart the debugger. All right, back to my Linux console window. I'll just feed it the exact same input. So I'll read in x equals two, read in x plus x, evaluate the second expression. And this time, the array still has two elements, but we are accessing the first element. So that looks a lot better. When I continue execution, it looks like two plus two does indeed equal four this time. So that's behaving as expected. The last debugging feature that I want to show off to you guys is that you can interact directly with the underlying debugger, in this case, GDB, and execute custom GDB commands. So if I hop on over to the command window, and I use the command debug dot mi debug exec, my engine is the open source engine that we used to interface with GDB, then I can execute any GDB commands. So let's say that I want to have you an assembler dump of this print post fix expression. Then if I pause the debugger, I can view that full sampler dump right in the command window. And hopefully this shows you that when you are debugging on WSL or remote system with Visual Studio, you can still leverage the same suite of debugging features that you might be used to when using an IDE like Visual Studio. So a really visual way to navigate the call stack or set breakpoints, as well as us bringing native Linux tooling to Visual Studio. So things like ASAN or the ability to execute custom GDB commands. So so far I've been debugging, but now I want to add a logging library in case anyone else who's using this runs into issues that they want to send on over to me. So I'll go over to my CMake list, which is where I set dependencies on third party libraries. And I'm going to use the find package command. You can see that I'm getting an IntelliSense suggestions and tool tips. And that's a part of the CMake and editor documentation that we added to surface surface official CMake docs directly in the IDE. So I'm going to add G log, which is the logging library, and I'll add a config required. So we'll save that to regenerate the cache. And it looks like CMake is yelling at me because I don't actually have G log installed on WSL. But I'm getting this quick action to install G log using VC package. So I'll start that and then kind of walk you through what's happening. So if you haven't had, haven't heard of it, VC package is a cross platform command line tool that can be used to bring down, build and install C and C plus libraries from source on Windows, Linux and Mac OS. So here you can see I'm installing the X X 64 Linux triplet of G log directly on WSL. And all of the output is being routed to the output windows so that I can keep an eye on it. Note that I only got this VC package quick action suggestion because I already had VC package installed on WSL. And I've included some links at the end of my deck that shows you how to get started with VC package if you don't already have it. If I hover over the library here, I can see that there's two commands I need to include to consume this library, the find package command, which I just added, and then the target link libraries command. I actually already have that as well. So I'm just going to add G log. I can see that I'm inheriting these default linker options, default compile options and default project options. If I didn't actually know what these default options were, we've added language services to CMake scripts so I can do things like peak definition and see those default linker options enumerated for me. Note that this is pulling from a separate file in a completely different sub directory. And this is really common when you're working with large CMake projects, they're oftentimes structured across multiple different sub directories with a lot of different CMake lists.txt. And so hopefully this is a way a tool that can make it easier for you to make sense of edit and author your own CMake scripts in Visual Studio. So it looks like this has been done for a while. It's telling me G log, installation of G log has exceeded, regenerate the CMake cache to detect the new package. That's why I've been getting this gold bar up here. So I can regenerate the cache and I should be good to go. Over here in the solution explorer, the layout of my files currently matches the layout of my files on disk. And that's fine for this project because it's pretty small. But if I was working with a larger project, there's something called CMake targets view, which is a more CMake centric way of viewing your code organized by target that can help you to more easily make sense of really large projects with more complex structures. We've recently also added CMake project editing support in Visual Studio. And so that is Visual Studio's attempt to help you easily add rename and remove file and target references to existing projects in Visual Studio. So let's say that I want to add a new source file, just call it source dot CPP. Instead of just dropping that file on disk, Visual Studio will try to guess where you can add a reference to that new source file in your CMake scripts so that it's actually picked up. This is what MS Build does automatically behind the scenes when you're working in VCX project. But because there's a million different ways that you can author your own CMake scripts, Visual Studio will make its best guess. And if it has, if there's any ambiguity, it'll suggest multiple different options as to where that reference can be added. And so you can view and preview them all and then only apply the changes that you want to see. So so far, even though CMake is cross that cross platform, I've only been building and debugging on WSL. So now I'm going to show you how easy it is to get started and retarget the same project for Windows. So go back to the CMake settings editor, add a new configuration. This time it's going to be an x64 debug configuration. There's nothing that I need to specify here, but again, this is where I can specify things like configuration type and my compilers. We have out of the box support for both Clang CL and MSBC when you're targeting Windows. So let me make this my active configuration and then select the same executable just so I can show you that it's the same application running both on WSL and on Windows. So here's my calculator. I can read in an expression x equals to x plus x, evaluate the second expression. Here I'm hitting the same breakpoint that I had set earlier when I was debugging on Linux. So you can see it's the same source code, same everything. So I'll stop debugging. In Visual Studio 2019 version 16.4 there was support added for an integrated terminal and that can be used to interface with the developer command prompt with CMD or with a local WSL installation. So here is my local WSL installation Ubuntu. It drops me right in my working directory, which you can see is the mounted C drive. So if I take a look at my file structure, I can again see that I only have one source directory, one root CMakeList.txt, one CMakeSettings.json. So I'm using the same source code to target both Windows and WSL. If I CD into my build folder, then you can see I have two set of directories, one for my WSL configuration that contains ELF binaries and one for my x64 debug configuration that contains my Windows executables. So two different executables can be generated from the same source code. Right now I'm just using this integrated terminal to navigate my file structure, but it can be used to run command line tools or whatever steps you normally need to take outside of Visual Studio directly from the command line. All right, so another thing that we hear from cross-platform developers is that they oftentimes only build for one platform locally and then they'll rely on their CI system to check build errors across their other target platforms after they've checked in. So we have a feature that will hopefully make it easier for you to check build errors across multiple platforms before checking in. So let's say that I add something or accidentally include something that is Windows specific, like including Windows.h. Then you can see I get these purple squiggles, which is basically telling me, hey, this is defined for your current active configuration, my x64 configuration, but it's not defined for one of your other configurations, in this case, WSL. If I make WSL my active configuration, then those squiggles should turn red because Windows.h is just not defined on Linux. But if I were to wrap this in an ifdef, so ifdef, win, three, two, then you'll see all these squiggles go away and I'm back to having platform agnostic code. So hopefully this will let you make it easier for you to check build errors across multiple platforms before checking in, especially if you're, you know, typically a Windows shop and you build for Windows, but then you also want to make sure that you compile on Linux. Adding a WSL configuration is a really quick and easy way to do that. Alright, so the last feature I want to show you guys is something we call the separation of build and debug, and that's the ability to separate your build system from the system that you are deploying to and debugging on. These two systems don't necessarily have to have the same architecture or instruction set. The example I'm going to be showing you today is pretty simple. I'm going to keep my same build configuration so I will continue building natively on WSL, but I'm going to deploy to and debug on a Linux Docker container that's running locally and connected over SSH. So I'm going to go ahead and add a new debug configuration. I want launch for Linux with GDB because I am going to be debugging on our remote host and this adds a new CPP GDB template. We very recently streamlined the debug templates that are used when debugging with GDB on WSL or remote system. So this might look a bit different than what you've seen with previous versions of VS. The only changes that I need to make here is one, I will add a more friendly name just so I can identify this configuration. I need to add a project target, which in this case, I can just add my calculator. It just needs to be one of your targets that's already defined in this dropdown. And then I'll need to add the key remote machine name. So by default, the value of this key is synchronized with your build system, which is set and same mixed settings.json. So by default when I'm debugging, I'm debugging where I'm building natively on WSL. Only when I want to separate these two systems do I need to specify this remote machine name in launch.vs.json. And this will specify the machine that I am deploying to and debugging on. So I'll go ahead and select my local host, which is my Linux Docker container running locally. And I will save that this launch.vs.json file is always where you will configure debugging sessions for CMake projects in Visual Studio. So let me just pull up that Docker container real quick. If I list the running processes, you can see that my only processes are SSH and bash. But when I select my custom debug configuration and start debugging, what's happening is that I am continuing to build locally on WSL, but I will be deploying to and start debugging on my Linux Docker container. So from Visual Studio's point of view, this looks exactly the same. I still have my Linux console window here to interact with the application. But if I jump back to my Docker container, then you can see that GDB is running and my Calculate executable is running. And so I am debugging on this system. You can also see here in my build directory that only the binary folder has been copied over. There's no intermediate build output because the build is still happening locally on WSL. And this is only the things I need to be able to debug. All right. So that kind of wraps up the demo session. Let me jump back to the slide deck. To quickly summarize, some things we talked about today are debugging features that let you leverage the full Visual Studio debugging experience with CMake projects when you're working on a remote system or WSL, as well as Linux specific tooling like the Linux console window ASAN or executing custom GDB commands. We covered cross-platform VC package integration for library acquisition. I only did this on WSL, but it works the same on Windows or on our remote system. We covered CMake language services and project editing that make it easier for you to make sense of, edit, and author your CMake scripts. We covered platform-specific IntelliSense or those purple squiggles, which will hopefully make it easier for you to check for build errors across multiple platforms before checking in. And we covered the ability to separate the system that you are building on from the system that you are debugging to and deploying on. One last note that I want to make is that this whole demo was done with a CMake project, but the same exact feature set minus the CMake specific features are available with MS Build-based Linux projects as well. And that can be an option for you if you're not writing cross-platform code, like you're only building and debugging on Linux from Windows as your host operating system or if you just don't want to use CMake. And then quickly, WSL 2 works in Visual Studio, except you cannot yet use our native support if your source files are stored in the Linux root file system and the C++ team blog is where you should go for updates on that. That's it for my demo. Thank you guys. The code base that I used is on GitHub. If you want to play around with anything, C++ team blog is the place to go for all announcements. And then if you want to take a screenshot of this, this is some relevant documentation to get started with WSL or CMake support debugging or configuring your launch file to debug in Visual Studio, that launch.bs.json file and VC package.


Because it is a part of being human, because education should be about broadening our world view. Anthropology in particular takes the viewpoint of the people. So I think it's significant in that way. If a person is to be educated, shouldn't they know about the rest of the world? Shouldn't they have a sophisticated knowledge? Sometimes people that I meet want to know, but they feel that it's too complicated and they read the newspaper and they don't understand. So by getting this kind of background, they're prepared to go on and to know further, to know in different ways. I think that's the inspiring part of education, is that it gives us the tools for later life. So it gives us a kind of ability to persevere and ability to understand. Ultimately, I think it helps us develop compassion. But it isn't a kind of compassion that is just bleeding heart compassion.  And that awareness of yourself and the world allows people to change. It allows people to have a tool to both access more information, but also to have a different kind of understanding of the information.


This is stock number 10959. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used Jeep and Jeep Wrangler headquarters, and today we are checking out this super clean, really good-looking 2016 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon hard rock package. This vehicle has a 3.6 liter Pentastar V6 motor. It has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off. Jeep has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go. Hypergreen clear coat is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or a smartphone device, turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality and condition of the vehicle before seeing it in person. And if you want to check out all the photos on this Jeep in the upper right hand part of your screen is a link right to our website, click that and check us out there. This one comes with 20-inch painted and polished aluminum off-road rims, and they are in really nice shape. Got a little bit of the Hypergreen in them as well. So they match the Jeep really good. It has radar, renegade, R7 MT tires, these are 35x12.5 R20 LT's, and they look like they have probably about, I'd say, 70-80% of the tread left on them. This Jeep has a little bit of a suspension lift to it, I believe. Frame and underbody is in really nice shape. Fenders look really good. Get the nice Rubicon lettering on the hood. That sport hood that comes with the hard rock package. You also get the metal bumpers, and that bumpers in really nice shape. Factory fog lights, the grille is in nice shape, headlight lenses are nice and clear. Of course you get the seven-slotted grille. Didn't see any dents or dings on the hood. Passenger side front fender is in excellent shape, didn't see any scuffs or scrapes on there, and the passenger side rim no scuffs or scrapes on there. As you go down this side of the Jeep, take a note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos, so if you are far away, or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the vehicle, hear the vehicle, and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here, so that when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises. And that's why we offer the Summit Auto Fastpass option in the upper right-hand part of your screen. They link right to our website where you can apply for financing, get pre-approved, see a payment quote, even appraise a trade, all from the comfort of your own home. So when you get here, all you've got to do is drive the vehicle, love it, and you'll be all set to go. No scuffs or scrapes on that back rim, and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. You can see that that frame and underbody is in really nice condition, and you do get the heavy-duty rock rails on the side. The rear bumper is metal as well. Get the red tow hooks, comes with a matching tire and rim. You can see, this is a brand new tire, so you can see just how much tread is on those, on that compared to the tires that are on the Jeep, so I'm like 60, 70 percent. It's pretty close there. Nice part about this Jeep is it comes with the dual top, so it does come with the soft top in here and all the parts that you need to make that soft top work. It also has the L-Pine premium sound system with the factory subwoofer back here. You do get storage for your roof and door hinge bolts and then your screws for those soft top parts and those seats do fold down. Nice and flat, looks like it comes with a tire carry of some sort too. That back door is in really nice shape as well. Get the black fuel door on there as well. For full disclosure, this back rim is in nice shape. The hard top is in nice shape. I didn't see any major scuffs or scrapes on it. And down this side is just as clean as I pass on her side. No dents, no dings. Very nice and clean. Step bars, or I'm sorry, the rock rails are in nice shape as well. All the door hinges. Didn't see any corrosion on them. Or any chips or anything. Sometimes that can happen if people got the soft top on and off all the time and taking the doors off, but those look really good.  Both of these front seats are heated. No rips or tears. Driver seat height adjuster. You do get the factory all-weather floor mats throughout. The Rubicon, this is what makes a Rubicon a Rubicon, is the sway bar disconnect and the axolock right there. And we'll hop inside here. You can see that this one has 23,827 miles. You get the digital speedometer. Or I'm sorry, you get the compass and outside temperature display right there. And then you get the leather-wrapped steering wheel. Cruise controls on the right, Bluetooth and Information Center controls on the left. And then it does have audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. It does come with the 430N radio, which gives you AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities. And it does have the factory navigation system on here. This one also has a hard drive where you can store music and pictures. And it's 28 gigs worth of storage space on there. And then this is also a CD player as well. You can always tell if you got the Alpine Sound System. Or if you got the little logo on those speakers there. It has some wild boar grab bars, which are really nice to get in and out of the vehicle. They're really solid and sturdy. There's one on each side as well. It has the original windshield, so you get the little Jeep climbing up the side. And I didn't see any rock chips in that windshield, which can be a problem on these Wranglers just because of the angle those windshields are at.  And then it has a tap shift right there. All weather floor mat on that side. And the passenger seat are in excellent condition. No rips or tears on there. The hard top pieces in the front are in really nice condition. And it smells very clean in here. I don't think it's ever been smoked in. We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then check out under the hood. And it does have a 115 volt, 150 watt plug-in. Back seats are just as clean as the front seats. No rips or tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system. You get the Jeep off-road kit right there in the bag. And I think there's probably a strap in there and maybe some gloves and stuff. I'm not really sure exactly what's all in there. I didn't open that one up. But you get that all-weather format back here as well. These seats do fold down for extra storage.  And you do get child safety locks on the back doors as well. We'll take a quick look under the hood. And I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. And hopefully from this HD video, you will have been able to tell just how clean this Jeep is all the way around. Inside and out. Under the hood, we have the award-winning 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 motor. Engine bay is very clean, runs very smooth. This Jeep has been fully safety inspected and it's 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend this Jeep from a quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this one, or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, you name it, we got it. Go to our website, www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. 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into this little energy operator. And what I started to do at the very end yesterday was the final derivation of the ANEQ. And I want to sort of gloss over some of the. So the rest, we've put all the pieces into place now. Like all the fundamental things that you need to know are now in place. And I don't want to dwell on the technical details of the last bit of the argument too much. I'll just sketch quickly how you finish it up. The more important part is the building blocks that went into it anyway. And we have those. But let me just tell you how this ends. So this is the correlation function we're going to look at. It's a four point function. But really, oh, it doesn't really have to be a local operator. It could be some superposition or some blob or multiple operator insertions. It's really a general operator. We're going to look at this four point function where we take. We're thinking of these size as some kind of causality probe. And we're asking the physical question, in the presence of these O insertions, can we send a signal faster than light from this psi over to that psi? Notice these are spaced like separated. So if we find that signal, then we've violated causality. So the first thing that I want to do is to evaluate this four point function using this OPE. So that's pretty easy. Psi psi O just gets a disconnected term, which I'll normalize to be 1. And then a contribution from the null energy operator.  This expression doesn't quite make sense, as written. Because what we're doing is we're taking these operators, these local operators, and we're replacing them. We're just deleting the local operators, and we're replacing them by a non-local operator that's integrated the null line between them. So we're integrating the stress tensor over that null line. But there's a singularity in that integral. Because when it crosses this light cone, that three point function is singular. And again, when it crosses this light cone, that three point function is singular. So this expression doesn't quite make sense, but you can go through all that i epsilon business that we discussed yesterday. The ordering of these three operators has written this expression tells you how to deal with this. It tells you which i epsilon you're supposed to use when you evaluate the integral. And if you go through that, then what you'll find is there's a plus i epsilon up there and a minus i epsilon down there. So this just ends up being a simple contour integral where you can pick up a residue from circling one of these operators. Oh, yeah, I've dropped some constants here. There's a delta saw over CT, and there's probably some pi's and stuff too that I haven't written. If we had changed the operator order around like this, then we would have gotten a different answer. I've switched two of the operators here. You can still evaluate this using the OPE. And the expression is almost the same, except that the i epsilon prescription is different because we've switched some of the operators around.  You just deform the contour a little bit. And when you do that, you no longer hit any of the. Now you can close the contour below. And it's just zero. OK, so this is zero. This is just one contribution to the OPE. The correlator is not actually zero, of course. But the point is that this term that we're interested in, this term that's small in the leg cone limit but enhanced by positive powers of u. v is getting small, u is getting big. So this enhanced term is not present in this other correlator. Now if we go back to what I was talking about yesterday, this is the one that's Rindler. This is the one that's positive by Rindler reflections. OK, so let's see why that is. So I've ordered them o psi, o psi. And remember we said that when things are reflection symmetric across the Rindler horizon, there's an ordering that must be positive by interity. And the specific ordering was the one where you just order the things on the right and the things on the left in the same, you just write them in the same orders. OK, so this is the Rindler positive one. And what that means is that this one is bounded by that one. OK, so we're almost there. The last step is to use causality. Just causality, the statement about where this four point function is analytic is a function of complexified spacetime points. And if you have an analytic function, you can integrate it on a closed contour and get 0. I'll actually do something a little bit different, which is to integrate the real part of g minus 1 on a closed contour, which is still 0. We define u to be 1 over sigma. Then the contour that I'm going to pick looks like this. So on the sigma plane, it's not easy to get a picture of this in Minkowski space, but I'll try. So if we go over to our Minkowski space picture, what this integral is doing is integrating the straight part of that integral on the bottom. That's real sigma, so that's in regular Minkowski time. So this is the straight part. It's just integrating these points up to infinity like that. That's this part of the contour. And then it goes out into the complex direction out of the blackboard and connects the two endpoints. So the contour that we're doing, it goes down to infinity, it does this arc out like that, and then back to infinity. It's inside out because u is 1 over sigma compared to that one. This one is sort of inside out. So physically, this is a sum rule. This is a sum rule because you can break up the different pieces of the contour. And they have to cancel with each other. And there's a lot of physics hiding in here because the different parts of this contour are capturing very different physics. This part of the contour here is the top part. This is the v much less than u inverse, much less than 1, regime of the correlator. So there, you can use the light cone OPE. This is probing the infrared of the theory. We said the light cone OPE is given by low twist operators. So if you tell me the spectrum of low twist operators, then I can already calculate for you that light cone OPE. So this is really infrared. I don't need to know the details of the UV. Whereas down here, this is a limit where u and v are both much less than 1, but not in any particular ratio. So they could both be the same size. And down there, the OPE is no good because this part of the contour is really probing the UV. So we can't calculate anything on this part of the contour. And that means that this is relating something we know in the infrared to something we don't know in the UV. So we can't calculate anything, but we can bound it. So the OPE is no good, but on this part of the contour, the reason the integrand is positive is because the real part of g bounded by the absolute value of g. And we said that the absolute value of g in any ordering is bounded by the positive ordering. And we said that the positive ordering was just a wand. The real part of g is less than wand. Technical details, but hopefully the logic is clear. The logic is that in the infrared, we calculate things using the OPE in the UV. We can't calculate anything, but we can bound it by unitarity. So that's the input here. The input is unitarity in the ultraviolet. Yeah, infrared-ish, it's not really the infrared. So if we're doing a, say we have a CFT that's deformed by a relevant operator, then you might think the infrared is some gapped phase or something. It's not that infrared. It's still controlled by the UV fixed point. I really mean infrared in the sense of low-dimension operators of the UV fixed point. Okay, so putting this all together, what that contour integral says, is there a question? So if we order, the two different orderings here can both be calculated using the light cone OPE. So both are the same expression, one plus the integral. But because of the ordering, there are different I epsilon prescriptions. And so there's a minus I epsilon minus and a plus minus. And the I epsilon prescriptions in this one don't, you just don't pick up any poles and you get zero. So putting this all together, we have an expression for the null energy in the presence of the O insertion, which is the integral of positive stuff in the ultraviolet. O is totally arbitrary, but that can be true as if this is a positive operator. So script E being the null energy operator. So that's the end of the argument. We pause there for questions, yeah. Well, they're dense in Hilbert space. Whether the fact that that's not quite the same as being the whole Hilbert space is an issue or not, I don't know, I'm just gonna ignore that. They're dense in Hilbert space. You can make any state by acting with operators and acting with mode. Yeah, but these don't really have to be local operators. I could have inserted five operators here and five operators here, as long as they're reflection symmetric. So that's what allows me to make basically any state this way. Questions about the logic here? So let me recap briefly. So physics in the light cone limit is controlled by the null energy operator. And some rules which come from causality, so this is really, we use causality in an essential way here by using analyticity. Those some rules coming from analyticity relate this thing, you can calculate on the light cone to unitarity in the UV. That's the logic. If you say the ennec was violated, say that you found a state where the null energy was negative. Well, that would mean that somewhere in this domain here, the function is not analytic. So if you violate the sum rule, it means that you must have, well either you have to violate unitarity in the UV, or you have to stick a singularity somewhere in here. If you put a singularity somewhere in here, then what you've done is turned on a commutator where there's not allowed to be a commutator. So somewhere out here at very large U, despite the operators being space-like separated, there would be a singularity and the commutator would turn on. Oh, positive ultraviolet. Is the integral of something positive over the UV piece of the correlator? That's all I meant. Positive UV stuff. Briefly explained the relationship between this and some recent work on quantum chaos, and then we'll move on to talking about holography. So this is a paper from a couple of years ago by Malvisander Schenker in Stanford. And what they did is they studied four point correlation functions in thermal quantum systems. They weren't just doing quantum field theory. They were doing something very general that applies and can it matter and just in quantum mechanics. But I'll tell you how it relates to this picture in quantum field theory. So to connect the two, all we need to do is to reinterpret this picture as a thermal correlator. So the Minkowski vacuum, what we have here is a four point function in the Minkowski vacuum. But the Minkowski vacuum is the Ringler thermal state. So we can reinterpret this four point function in vacuum as a thermal four point function. It's the same calculation. It's just a different interpretation.  And now we're interpreting this as a thermal system, inverse temperature beta equal to two pi. This key contribution to the correlator that we've been talking about, which is one plus v u squared times the null energy up to k times the null energy.  There's a e to the plus two T minus T, so there's a e to the T. So when you reinterpret what's going on here, so what's going on is we take a null limit and then as we, so let's think of this now as a thermal system. Then these are just, this operator is just the same as that operator, but shifted by time to time plus i pi. But now we're, now this limit where we go to large u is a late time limit in the sense of the thermal system. Because u, so u is getting big, so it's a late time limit from the point of view of thermal system. And what's happening is that, I guess I should write this with, if you do this carefully with the constants, this ends up being a minus. So what we're seeing is that the correlators is one, but then when you go to late times, it starts to deviate, there's an exponential, r is tiny. So it's a small correction, but there's a tiny but exponentially growing contribution to the correlation function. And this is the kind of thing that happens in chaotic systems. So in a chaotic system, if you have two very nearby, in a classically chaotic system, you have two nearby trajectories in phase space, then if you wait a little bit, then they'll start to move apart from each other exponentially. And the exponential deviation between two trajectories in phase space is called the Lyapunov growth. In the context of quantum chaos, this exponential growth, which is e to some coefficient times t, in this case the coefficient is one, that's interpreted as a Lyapunov exponent equal to one. Now the result, okay so there's a similar result that applies not just in Rindler space, but in general thermal quantum systems, and that's the bound that was proved by Matta-Sanichankar Stanford. So what they proved was, you can say it was a constraint on this term as well as constraints on how strong this growth can be. Now I didn't talk about those, but some similar arguments to what I talked about also constrains how strong this growth can be. In fact it can't be any bigger than one here. Into, no, no because it's not literally the same. So the chaos bound that they derive is a bound on this number, and the anach is a bound on, is a sign constraint on this number. If you go back to this contour that we were talking about a minute ago, with a little more work, you can get both of those bounds from properties of that contour integral. Yeah that's right, the Rindler situation is a very special case of the, yeah that's right, yeah. Oh just because there are various constants here, and when we calculate the null energy, we have to evaluate it in the state O and everything. And when you do everything correctly with all the constants, it ends up being a minus sign here. Yeah, no, okay it depends which way we do the contour and everything. So, but it has a particular sign and it's the one that works out to give you the correct sign and the null energy. It's the same epsilon. It's hard to match the signs because they're eyes. So like this, let me not try. They're eyes in these expressions, which are, yeah, but these were just up to constants. Why the, I don't know, I'm not sure what that means. Maybe it's related to what I'm gonna talk about next. I don't know, let's postpone this to the discussion. Maybe I can think about it before then. I don't think it's, the interpretation of this as scrambling and quantum chaos is sort of trivial. Like, it's really just the light con limit. So I know that there's much to learn from thinking of this in a thermal way. It's just another way of looking at it. Things are very different in two dimensions, that's right. Yeah, everything changes in two dimensions. But what, the chaos bound? I don't know, I'm not sure. So I wanna move on to the next point of view on this whole business, which is the holographic point of view. Roughly following Kelly and Wall from a paper in 2014. Before we get into it, let me sort of tell you what the conclusion is gonna be. It's gonna be that in the light cone limit, holography and the OPE are kind of the same thing. And every theory is sort of holographic. Every conformal field theory is sort of holographic in the light cone limit. Not every field theory is truly holographic, but things work exceptionally well in the light cone limit. So first, this is again gonna be a causality-based argument, but now it's not gonna be a causality in quantum field theory argument. It's gonna be a causality in quantum gravity argument. So we're gonna use AESCFT to understand the anac. The first question is, what does causality mean in quantum gravity? That is not clear at all. Okay, so locally, what do we mean? You're not supposed to be able to get past, you're not supposed to go faster than the light cone, but what you mean by light cone depends on the geometry. What you mean by space like sep, whether two points are spaced like separated depends on the geometry. What you even mean by a point at all depends on the geometry. This is not really clear what the rules are. At least locally, I can't give you some simple criterion that says that you're not allowed to travel from here to here in the theory of quantum gravity. There's nothing like that as far as we know. We don't really know what causality means. There are other reasons to think we really don't know what causality means in quantum gravity.   I mean, if you draw the Penrose diagram, you have to have some kind of causality violation, at least non-perturbatively in quantum gravity. So whatever the answer is, it must be something very subtle. We can say one thing, which is that in ADS, at the very least, it must respect the boundary causal structure. This is easiest to think about on a cylinder. They'll draw a nice big one. Okay, so that's ADS. And suppose that you send a signal from the boundary, ADS. It goes through the middle, through the bulk. This is not empty ADS. There's stuff in here. There's maybe some black holes, maybe some stars, whatever, in this ADS. It's asymptotically ADS. So it goes through. It eventually comes back and hits the boundary up here. Then if ADS-CFT makes any sense, that signal better not violate causality of the boundary CFT. In other words, if we stick to the boundary of spacetime and draw a null curve along the boundary, a null curve coming around the back of this cylinder, we draw the boundary causal structure, the boundary light cones, then you better not be able to take a shortcut by going through the middle. This is the boundary light cone. And if the boundary light cone makes it to here and the path through the bulk makes it to here, the statement is then delta T should be greater than or equal to zero. Note that this only applies, at least in some obvious way, to signals that start and end at the boundary of ADS. If I send a signal from here to here, I can't say anything, just two points in the bulk. So what we're gonna do is look at the propagation of signals very close to the boundary. I'm gonna do this in the Poincaré patch because it gets a bit hard to work with the cylinder. In the Poincaré patch, the setup is the following. So here's the boundary. Gonna have our usual U and V directions, light cone directions on the boundary. But now we also have a direction coming out to the right, which is the bulk, the metric. So this is ADS D plus one for a D dimensional CFT. And the metric of the Poincaré patch is dS squared is one over Z squared minus dU dV plus dZ squared plus that would be empty ADS. And then we're gonna add to that some matter.  The statement that this spacetime has the correct asymptotics, the statement that this is really ADS and not something else, is the statement that H mu nu starts at order Z at the D minus two. So I should have put on here also that we're not just doing three dimensions, there's, we can do higher dimensions, so I'll put an X perp. Okay, so this is our metric. It's not a small, we're not working perturbatively. This is arbitrarily large deviation from ADS, as long as it's asymptotically ADS. But notice that if we stay near the boundary where Z is small, then it's always a small deviation. Okay, so even though we're considering arbitrary excitations, we can work perturbatively in the metric if we stick to near the boundary of ADS. So what we're gonna do is we're gonna try to send a signal along this line here in the U direction. Sorry, my picture is not so great. Does it make sense what that line is? So there's a plane on the boundary. We just went into the bulk a little bit and we're sending something parallel to the boundary in the null direction. So this is a particle at fixed Z naught and X perp fixed Z equals Z naught. X perp equals zero. It's not a G-desic. You can work with G-desics, but we don't need to. It's not only particles on G-desics that have to obey causality. It's any particle that is on a, any particle has to obey causality, even if it carries a rocket along with it, still has to obey causality. So we don't have to talk about G-desics. We could just talk about a causal curve which I'll parameterize as V of U. So if we were an empty ADS, and this was just a null G-desic pointing in this direction, then it would just sit at V equals zero. But in the perturbed metric, the light cones are bent a little bit and we have to change the, we have to change that a little bit. Now causality is gonna require the total delta V, which is like, this is the time delay. It's the deflection as it is going this way as some deflection in the V direction. The total deflection in the V direction has to be positive. If the total, so it's, if you project this onto the boundary, it's sort of headed along this way and it's getting, it can get delayed in the V direction, but it can't get pushed forward. Now I said a few minutes ago that we only have causality constraints if things hit the boundary. So you might be suspicious about this claim because I never, I didn't send a signal from the boundary here, but actually you can't tell from this coordinate system, but actually this does hit the boundary because if you sit at fixed Z in the Poincare coordinates and then you go all the way to infinity in one of the space, in one of the boundary directions, that does hit the boundary. Okay, so it's hard to tell. It's easier to see on the cylinder. So this is the path of that particle and when you go all the way to U equals infinity, it's hitting the boundary up here. So this bound, this causality criterion does apply to this curve because particle hits the boundary, equals plus minus infinity. Questions on the setup? Not sure I understand the question. I mean, what is because of that? I mean, not all particles hit the boundary. So you can have a particle that just sort of bounces around in the middle. Not all particles hit the boundary. So it's important that we chose a path that does hit the boundary. So along this path, which we'll pick to be just along the light cone. So ds squared is zero. And along this path, that's just one over z naught squared minus du dv plus h u u du squared plus higher order terms. These are the only terms that matter along the path. And so we can easily solve for the light cone here. We just want this to go on the light cone. Then we should just pick the path where v prime of u is z naught squared h u u. So this is the path of our particle which is going as fast as possible which is going this way and it's deflecting in the v direction as much as possible according to the light cone in the bulk. So now we can integrate to get delta v the total time delay along the trajectory z naught squared integral minus infinity to infinity du h u u of u v equals zero x perp. Worked perturbatively here because we're working near the boundary. It's not the smallness of h that's making this possible. Well, h is small near the boundary. Is it clear what this quantity is calculating? So from a boundary point of view, we've sent a signal from here. This is kind of way down near infinity, but we've sent a signal from here. This is u direction, it's headed in the u direction, but when the signal hits the, when it lands on the boundary again, it needs to land positive. There needs to be a positive deflection in the v direction, so this has to be positive. Okay, so that's our, in gravitational language, that's our answer. This path that we're talking about is causal if and only if this integral is positive. Now I wanna translate this into CFT language, using ADS CFT. So ADS CFT says that the graviton H be new in the bulk, the T be new in the CFT. Each field in the bulk, we have an operator in the CFT, and this is the mapping for the graviton, and this geometry is dual a state phi with some expectation value for the stress tensor. Okay, so if the graviton is dual to T mu new, and we're talking about a geometry where the graviton is turned on, then that means we're talking about a CFT state where the stress tensor is turned on, and there's a well-known formula relating the two, which is just that the T in the CFT is D over 16 pi G Newton, times little T mu new, where that was the beating term in the metric near the boundary. So if we take our expression for the Shapiro delay and translate that into CFT language, integral du, the integral of the metric perturbation, and you can see how it's gonna turn out, that's just gonna be the integral of the stress tensor. So this is the integral du, the expectation value of T uu CFT of u v equals zero, x perp equals zero, and we said that this had to be positive according to causality, this boundary causality criterion for particles going through the bulk, that's exactly the average null energy condition. That's it, that was the whole argument. Okay, so part of the point to take away here is that what took us one to two and a half hours to do from CFT took like 15 minutes to do from ADS. This is a very general argument and it's pretty easy. I mean, once you know what to calculate, you can prove the anac in 15 minutes. Now, holographic derivation, you might wonder whether it's totally general, of course. Okay, so not all CFTs have holographic duels. Certainly not all CFTs have some Einstein gravity living in ADS that describes them, but a rough statement, which I can't really make this statement totally precise, but we'll see some ways in which it's true, is that in the light cone limit, all theories are holographic. In the light cone limit, when things are, another way of saying it is the following, if things are controlled by the OPE, that means they're being controlled by conformal invariance, and if they're controlled by conformal invariance, you might as well calculate them in ADS because anything, if you calculate something in ADS and it's controlled by symmetry, then it's true not just in theories with an ADS dual, but in all theories, as long as it's something controlled by symmetry like these OPEs. I think this is any dimension, although I can't remember if there might be something special that happens in three dimensions. I can't quite remember. I think it might be in any dimensions. Well, if there's non-uniturity CFTs and causalities violated on both, the unitarity is violated on both sides of the duality, and none of this has to apply. Okay, I could start something new, but we have four minutes, so let's do, the question is, does this prove that non-unitary theories can't have a gravity dual? Cannot, right. I think that it can't have a consistent, it's not a consistent quantum theory, and it can't have a consistent gravity dual, whether you consider that a perfect match between inconsistencies on the two sides, maybe there's a way of thinking of it that way. Gravity dual? Well, I said that particles in the bulk were constrained by the Lake Con, so I've assumed some consistency of the theory in the bulk in writing down, in solving this equation, this was a bulk calculation of where the particle is allowed to go based on the bulk line. Based on the bulk light cone. So if you allow the bulk theory to be sick, then I don't know what the rules are here, maybe we could just make V do whatever we please in the bulk, and then we could get things to be violated on the boundary. I think near the boundary, the answer is yes. I think in some sort of a near boundary sense, the answer is yes. I don't have a, maybe it's not yes in a completely precise way, but it's yes in the sense that everything seems to match if you can do the calculations, and it's only when higher operators, so if you think of it as a field theory calculation, it's only when higher dimension operators and double trace operators start to enter your calculations, it's only then that you notice whether your theory is truly holographic or not. So as long as you do calculations like this that are only sensitive, say, to the stress tensor or the stress tensor two point functions, or even the stress tensor three point functions, then you can't really notice that your theory is not holographic, so that the ADS calculations give you all the right answers. Okay, so we'll stop there for, oh, one more question. Yeah, that's right. So the question is why does this work, it seemed to work in ADS three. I think it works in ADS three, I'm not 100% sure of that, I have to think about that, but I would say the answer is that although in two dimensions our CFT, the CFT derivation that I gave does not work in two-dimensional CFT, but the ANAC is still true in two dimensions. So it's okay if we can derive it from holography since it's still true, but the derivations don't map onto each other perfectly.


And being honest about the fact that there have been civilian casualties and that there likely will be more is being honest because that's what war is. It's brutal. It's ugly. It's messy. I've said that before. The president also said that yesterday. Sorry, it's very, excuse me, very difficult to look at these images, Jay. And the human cost. And these are human beings. They're family members. They're friends. They're loved ones. Cousins, brothers, sisters. Yeah, it's difficult. And I apologize.


Welcome to JSATV, the newsroom for tech and telecom professionals. I'm Jamie Scott Okutaya, here at Telecom Exchange NYC 2016. Joining me with today is my friend, Christina Hawatme, she is the founder and CEO of Scopio. Christina, welcome to JSATV. Thank you, happy to be here. So you launched Scopio earlier this year, exciting news. Tell us a little bit about your company and the services you provide. Sure. So Scopio, the website is Scopio.io. We are an effective way to find and use images from social media. We are Getty Images in Real Time. I love that, Getty Images in Real Time. So what type of companies use your curated photos? Sure, so any company can search on demand for images they're looking for from social media. It could be anything from a small business that's looking for more real life images, you know, everyone's so desensitized to stock photography, to the most major media and publishers that are looking for real life events like tornadoes or protests or any real time image, maybe like this even. Right. Yeah, right here, these photos from Telecom Exchange can be loaded up to Scopio. They're loaded right now. They are loaded. Great to know. So as a subscriber, what is the process we would go through to find and license some artwork? Sure, so our value added is really in building content libraries over time, so you would be able to capture real life moments like today in the event. You would enter your search, you would say tech-cited, Telecom Exchange, and then we would curate that content for you. You're able to go back in time and review that event or ask for permissions for people to be able to use it or say you know that you want all images of pandas, for example, in videos, then you can search pandas and then build that content library, be able to use it. So it's really whatever you want to search for and then building these UGC libraries, I mean, people are only engaging with original user-generated content today. They get 40 times more engagement online than a stock photo does and people only really read about 10% of the text on a page, so that photo is so valuable and so why not use what people really want to look at instead of that fake family, you know? Right, right, and then more interaction, marketers love that, so we can clearly see the value there. Yeah. So what big photo trends are you noticing right now and what do you think the future will hold? That's such a good question and something that's really interesting right now. So image search is the most difficult problem I think that we're facing today. It is so messy to go through these feeds, like you're saying if we're searching telecom exchange right now, you're going to get hundreds of images that people are just advertising and things, so to find those gems in social media is really a big data problem and it needs more automated methods like computer vision, deep learning, machine learning, natural language processing, like very difficult stuff, so I think that to be able to index and categorize on-demand pictures as they're becoming like so many a day, like how many pictures do you post a day online? At minimum 200. Yeah. Oh, okay, that's a lot. My well-mised team. Yeah, exactly. As a team. Exactly, so to be able to process that and make it understandable is such a difficult problem, especially when you're adding geolocation and if you don't even tag something, like how can we find those pictures? Right. People that can solve that are going to be contributing a lot to society. Right. Well, okay, so for our viewers out there who definitely want to know more, where can they go? My website is scopeseop.io and we have a free subscription for a month so you can sign up and check it out for looking for some fresh relevant photos. Excellent, Christina. Thank you for joining us and thank you viewers for tuning in to JSA TV.


A professor at the University of Massachusetts, Dara New, says checks and balances between the state and society is more important in a democracy as opposed to checks among the arms of government. Professor Kew said these are the opening of a two-day conference, themed building a democracy network to support civic engagement in electoral process in Africa, which is holding in Nairobi, Kenya. The University of Dara believes democracy is nothing without civil society and the media as they create a balance to the power of the state. Pulaski V. Correspondent Mary Ann O'Connor, who is attending the conference, reports that it is organized by the U.S. State Department and Next Year's Center for Democracy, Massachusetts, and has journalists and civil society representatives from across Africa in attendance. We talk about checks and balances between legislatures and executives and judiciary, but democracy depends upon more checks and balances than just those. There needs to be a check and balance between the state and society, which means the engagement of organizations like you, it means the role of the media, journalists like you, and lastly, it means the engagement of the public, the people themselves. Democracy depends upon the people themselves, and as we were talking about the situation in America just now as Jeff mentioned, you know, we had a situation last year where the people did some things in the United States that were difficult and problematic for American democracy, and working through these issues are just as important as the independence of the judiciary, as the independence of the legislature. So it's the civic engagement dimension that we are particularly interested in working with you on. We are here to help you in terms of certain skills. We were also here to learn from you in terms of the tremendous expertise and experience that you bring to this. But most important, and even though we're going to be talking about a number of different technical skills that we think you will find very important, and I'd like to remind you that today is just the beginning of this process. We are going to be staying with you throughout the year through Zoom meetings.


Far away from the Anderson Air Force Base flight line that hosts Geiger Fury, Ordinance Marines or Ortees are tucked into a tree line workshop decorated with crates of explosives and the scrap metal they need to build bombs. These Ortees work to ensure every missile, bomb and bullet for the exercise arrives at the flight line primed and ready. Actually, my favorite part of our revolution is watching our bombs go to the flight line because we know that they're getting dropped. Our main mission over here is actually to support the man that's on the ground to make sure they have that type of support where we can help them out for still on target because without us then there's no air support. We need to help them out with that situation. Right now we're training, training for war if we don't train now, then when it comes to actual when we need to put a still on target we can't do it. So we train like this, we train good, we train hard. 2,000 pounder. Lance Corporal Joshua Dufour, Anderson Air Force Base, Long.