Hi guys, welcome back again to this video. To this channel, it makes from Mamex creation TV. Remember, in today's video, we are also going to talk about this visa. Yes, most of you, let us look at the visa versus the work visa. The work sponsorship visa, especially when we are thinking about the Gulf countries. Yes, things are not like they used to be. When you talk about a visa, you definitely get the visa, you go in that Gulf country to look for your own job yourself. Let's say for example, you being helped by what you call agents to give you a visa. This normally goes to people going to Dubai, people going to the UAE. People have been left out stranded in one way or the other, on the streets. Yes, you are going to sell whatever property you have for the visa. But make sure as you go to there, you definitely know that you 100% have the job. But now what is happening? We have very many jobs at which now the rate that people are recruiting. It is absolutely being affected by what we call the COVID-19. It find that you may have the visa, but you may go in that country. But you tentatively fail to find the job. Let's say for example, you got an agent who gave you a visa. For three months, who sponsored you for visa for that time. Let's say for three months, but still out of the three months, you failed to get a job. Why? Because you find that even some jobs that exist in some of these Gulf countries, they will definitely, for you to get a job, they will definitely ask for what you call a Gulf experience. You do not have a Gulf experience. But remember at that time, you sold all whatever you had to sell home. Hoping you are going to get the job at that time, at the very time you get into the country. And remember, as you go to those countries, maybe you have on the visa section of this visa.  You definitely need to take care of yourself. You look at transport, you look at feeding, you look at accommodation. For example, if you are going to use a bed space, you definitely know that. You will have to move door to door. You have to move door to door of these companies to look for the job. What is going to happen? That in case you don't get that job at that very time that you wanted it to get. What is going to happen? You will definitely go into what you call overstays. Because you have not been able to access the job at that time.  You getting into overstays. That is an extra penalty that you have to pay. Because you will not exit out of the country unless you have to pay those penalties. Or you have to pay those overstays. So, meaning that for the VC visas right now, it's not like the way it used to be. That way you will get into that country very fast and you get that job. Things change a little bit. For people who are moving to Dubai, you definitely know what I'm taking about. Look at Qatar right now for you to get a VC visa in Qatar. Unless your country has a waiver with Qatar, you definitely will find it very hard to get a VC visa. And if you have to get that visa, VC visa, definitely the requirements for that VC visa is going to be very high. You definitely require to get what you call a hotel booking for yourself. You definitely require to have what you call a health insurance for yourself. Definitely those are all costs that are being going to be incurred by you. What happens? That is why a person who is accessing what you call a work sponsorship visa is far ahead of you. Much as at the same time we have problem of the recruiting man agents or manpower recruiting agencies that charge so much highly to what you expect. But definitely you definitely know if the job is there, everything is going to be catered for for your hair ticket, for the visa requirement, for the accommodation, for the transportation. Everything will be catered for. Other than when you have a VC visa that you're going to cater for yourself, everything at hand which is quite very tedious and which is quite very costly in terms. So definitely look at the terms of the cost effectiveness and also look at the terms of the convenience that you get to get through at that very time, which is quite very important at one or the other. Yes, you've depleted all your accessors home. You have that VC visa. You don't get the job. You're in overstaze. The agent or the sponsor who got to the visa, you already got his job done because you're already in the country. That is what normal happens. So you end up, you end up depressed and stressed in one or the other. So what is going to happen? Remember you injected in a lot of money. Let's say for example you injected in that company or injected in that visa around 7,000 katariyos, 7,000 dirhams for that visa. And what is going to happen at that very time is that you don't get the job. What is going to be of you at that time that you are going to get an inferior job. You'll have to accept whatever kind of job that comes on your way. Let's say for example it's a cleaning, toilet cleaning if you're going to be a cleaner. For you to make yourself live because at the first time when you are applying for that visa is not what you applied for, is not what you expected. You expected to get a good job but things end up not right. So what will be my humble advice for anyone? If an opportunity comes for the work visa for you please first take up that opportunity. That's what I always keep on telling people because you do not have to inject in a load. First take up that opportunity then after you get into the country the rest of things will work out to yourself because you're already there you've got what you call the gaf experience and you can be recruited or you can look for another opportunity that you think was in line with your career. That is what I keep on advising and it's the best advice. Other than wasting a lot of money on your visa you are not assured of the job you end up going sleeping on the street you end up getting in overstays you end up getting stress depressed in a foreign land. Overstays, penalties and no one is going to hope you out. We've seen very many our brothers are suffering sleeping on the streets in nearby sleeping they've not got job the visa is off so it will be better and one over the other. If you first accept an opportunity if it comes as a work visa everything will be cut at four. Then after you can definitely go and get that opportunity that you feel you have to get home. Hope I've tried to share out something for you. Hope I've tried to share something. Asuna ask for this question. Definitely I'll ask you the question when we get to compare the visa and the work visa. Thank you so much. See you again in the next video. It's mixed from the mixed creation. See you again. Thank you so much. See you again in another video.


She's a fellow co-resident of mine, and her second year is an awesome co-resident to have. She's very thoughtful. She's really good. She's awesome. Some fun facts, something that you guys don't know. So before she chose a career in optimization, she's been an actress. Wow. Been used before. You can actually YouTube her. She's in the movie Bloodsport 2, and she was about 10 years old or something. Yeah, but it's actually pretty cool. Without further ado, deliver. So I'm going to be talking about a case this morning that we saw at the VA when I was there recently. So the patient first kind of started having some problems in October, October 5th. And at this time, he didn't see ophthalmology, but he presented to the emergency department with complaints of a rash. So he was a 75-year-old man, fairly healthy, had five days of eyelid swelling and rash. He felt like at first, when this first started, the left ear kind of felt a little bit achy, felt like it might be an ear infection, and he had some kind of rash symptoms in that left side. And then this rash spread over the left side of his forehead and progressed up to his scalp. He really complained. I mean, this is all according to the ER notes of some itchiness, not really pain, but also maybe some achiness. He had some, endorsed some recent chills. He didn't have any fevers or other systemic problems that he had noticed with all of this. So his past medical history, he's had hyperlipidemia, COPD, coronary arteriosclerosis with a triple bypass in the past. He had prostate cancer, but he had a prostatectomy, and that was all under control. He's not on chemotherapy, not immunosuppressed from that at this time. Hypertension, and then a previous history of a traumatic brain injury. His medications are listed up there. And really, the only review of systems thing that was positive, according to the ER, was this kind of recent chills, without any fever. So they noted a rash on the left forehead and right brow along the hairline that extended over the midline of his scalp. They didn't note any lesions on his nose. They did note some edema of his left lower eyelid. They didn't really describe the rash or the lesions very well in their record. And it looked like they had consulted dermatology, although there wasn't clear documentation from that either. So this is kind of what we have to work on regarding the rash. But given the distribution and kind of clinical presentation, this was the differential diagnosis that they came up with. So like in planus, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, I guess he had started using a new hair dye. They thought that might be causing this or some manifestation of skin cancer. I'm not sure about that one. So they started him on trance and alone, and just told him to come back if he had any changes and definitely come back soon if he had any vision changes. So he did. Came to the ER again on the 21st. So about two weeks later, and they of course referred him up to the VA ophthalmology intern clinic. And at that time he was complaining of a new onset of a vertical binocular dyplopia. Again, nothing really else on his review of systems. And at this time the rash was almost completely resolved. I mean there wasn't really documented any signs of it on his exam. Note his pupil exam was normal. Eye movements looked full. His alignment exam with alternate cover we can see here. And he had a left hypertropia. It was fairly comatant. No ptosis. And then anterior segment in a dilated exam was normal. Optic nerves looked healthy. So this is kind of a list of differential diagnoses to think about with a vertical dyplopia. But some of these don't fit his presentation. But of course the skewed deviation would fit myasthenia, thyroid eye disease. You always think about if you have a unilateral or bilateral third or fourth near palsy. You really didn't measure torsion in him. So that could be something that we missed. Stricted ophthalmopathy. Giant cell arthritis. Gamberay. Miller Fisher. Trauma. Paranod syndrome. Superior bleak myasthenia. Again, that might be more of a torsional dyplopia. Disseminated zoster could cause a presentation like this. But given his kind of presentation and clinical exam, I thought that he had a new skew deviation. And so the plan was to look for causes of the new skew and rule out an ischemic attack or artery insufficiency. And then also evaluate him for myasthenia. So the plan was to get an MRI of the brain within without contrast. An MRI of the head and neck in a myasthenia panel. So only two out of three were done for unknown reasons. But the results were pretty, were normal. He had some chronic microvascular disease, kind of as expected, given his history of hypertension and atherosclerosis. But no other findings to explain this. And then the myasthenia panel just wasn't done. But he comes back on the 30th. So now he initially presented with his rash on the 5th. And then the first time he kind of noted double vision was around the 20th of October. And now we're at the 30th. And now he's complaining that his double vision is still getting worse. And on exam, the, you know, extracular movements, it looked like someone noted about a half, a minus, a half restriction of left abduction. So pretty minor that it was there. But alternate cover showed still the left hypertropia. But that was worse than left gaze now. And then a new esotropia. Again, worse than left gaze. So a pretty big change from just the left hypertropia, too. That was commentant. That was noted about a week before. The remainder of his eye exam still remained fairly normal. No new ptosis, no Cogan-Lind twitch. Interior segment looked normal. No signs of any cornea disease. And again, the dilated exam looked normal. So at this point, kind of seeing this changing picture and progression of his diplopia, Mycenae kind of rose to the top of the differential. And that was kind of the focus, was to try to evaluate him for this. And, you know, at this time, he still wasn't placed on any acyclovir or anything. So he hasn't really been treated for anything at this point. His lab results for Mycenae were normal. He did get an ESR. And this high sensitivity CRP is the only thing they have at the VA. So not extremely helpful. But it was definitely reassuring that his ESRs, too. But because of the high suspicion for Mycenae, a single fiber EMG was ordered. And then just for further evaluation, an MRI of the orbits was ordered as well. So single fiber EMG was normal. No sign of Mycenae. And then his MRI of the orbits was basically normal, at least no evidence of anything to explain this double vision. So he comes back to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic on the 12th of November. This is now, we're about a month or more like five weeks after his onset of double vision. And at this point, he's saying his double vision is actually almost completely resolved. And you can see by his alignment examination that it is much improved. And again, the rest of his examination looks really quite normal. So kind of looking at what we had there, we've ruled out Mycenae with a single fiber EMG. And it's gotten better. There's no other systemic signs or other kind of clinical findings to point us in that direction. He had this rash, which does fit with disseminated zoster, but was kind of in a different pattern in the ophthalmology. I mean, as an ophthalmology team, we didn't get to actually see the rash. But NGCA was also kind of excluded with his workup. So the plan with this diagnosis was to treat him with acyclovir, five times a day for six to eight weeks and refer him to neurology for them to manage the kind of long-term treatment with acyclovir and decide how long he needs to be on it. And if there were secondary problems from this disseminated zoster. So this case, although it is zoster, which we care about a lot and we talk about a lot, I think that in this case we all kind of missed the diagnosis because the rash didn't quite fit into what we were thinking and we are so focused on Mycenae. So I wanted to review disseminated zoster and kind of the presentation with cranial neuropathies. And then the reason that it is so important not to miss it because of some of the neurologic complications that we really need to identify and treat. And then kind of along the lines of the scary diagnoses that we shouldn't miss talk about giant cell arteritis presenting as diplopia and that also is something we need to really, again, I know we talk about it all the time but keep on our differential. So I'm going to talk a little bit about the history of varicella zoster. It's fairly kind of interesting when you look back because the route to discovering that this is kind of a latent infection that presents itself over time wasn't something that was obvious but there's reports of the segmental zoster rash, you know, dating back to at least 1831 and people is kind of thinking, well, what does this mean? Why is it segmental? How can we explain this? And so, you know, back in 1862 even there was autopsy or verified that there was damage to the sensory nerves in the ganglion caused by zoster. And then in 1900, Head and Campbell did a fairly detailed post-mortem study of 20 patients with zoster and they were able to map out dermatomes related to how the rash had presented and this was kind of one of the things that really helped people understand what the sensory dermatomes actually were and what their distribution was so kind of a, you know, helpful historically for us to have a little bit more understanding but then once they did that the question was how varicella or how and if varicella and this zoster rash were actually linked or related and it wasn't until the 50s that people were able to grow the varicella virus from tissue culture and then also to prove that this was the same virus from both, you know, an active chicken pox varicella presentation and then the zoster. And I was kind of surprised that, you know, in 1965 this was still kind of a controversy but one of the larger studies is an epidemiologic study of 192 cases of zoster over 16 years to try to evaluate and prove or disprove some of the hypotheses for how this infection was transmitted and how it came to be so, you know, kind of at that time they were competing explanations that this was alternative acute infection so these were kind of unrelated and they just happened to have this association and there was also the thought that it was, zoster was actually just caught and from a case of acute varicella infection from someone who was actively infected with chicken pox then there was this theory of this reactivation of a latent virus which, you know, in this epidemiologic study they were kind of saying that this is most likely because there weren't any endemics of zoster and there weren't really clear links between the people that they had noted that had this infection and transmitting it. So it's kind of one of the times that the idea of how this virus actually presents was that the thought was shifted. So this is, you know, we all kind of know this but zoster occurs in people who've had chicken pox or some clinical infection of varicella but it is important to note that in rare infants who develop zoster they can develop zoster as their primary clinical manifestation of a latent varicella zoster that was acquired transposentially so this is kind of the exception to the rule. Epidemiologic data, there's variations in the numbers and with the vaccine out and everything there this number could change but kind of as an estimate about 10% of the population will have an attack of herpes zoster about 4% will have a second attack and it's fairly rare to have a third attack. And then again this is stuff we all know but just the classic presentation is this unilateral vesicular eruption in a dermatomal distribution and you can have pain, itching or a pair of seizures in the affected dermatome and then usually 48 to 72 hours after the onset of the sensory symptoms you get the skin lesions and then you can also have some other systemic manifestations with headache, fever, malaise and then of course immunocompetent patients they are more likely to follow the rules although they don't have to and the lesions will kind of form over a period of 10 days and then start to regress and then of course in immunocompromised patients it's more of anything's kind of fair game. So herpes zoster pathogenesis, we know that the virus establishes latency in the dorsal root ganglia and the cranial root ganglia, the question kind of up for debate at least from what I saw is how the virus actually gets there. There is a theory that it's the actual intradermal or intraepidermal projections of the sensory neurons carry the virus and it goes retrograde through the axons and reaches the cell body versus bare cell being carried in the T cells which happens in an episode of acute viremia and the primary infection and then the T cells will kind of fuse with the infected neuronal cell bodies and apoptosis in those situations is prevented and then the virus establishes latency. So we know there's a lot of different presentations that zoster can have in the ocular system in ophthalmology but I want to focus on cranial neuropathies. So one of the kind of syndromic or associated syndromes that we should talk about is Ramsey Hunt syndrome and this is also called herpes zoster oedicus so you have peripheral facial nerve precess with pain in that ips lateral ear and then you can see the classic vesicles on the pinin external auditory canal. Also get loss of taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and then dysfunction of the ips lateral vestibulococlear nerve which then can result in deafness, tinnitus, vertigo and unsteadiness. Of course because nothing is so straightforward rare patients there's reports of people who've developed this without having a rash which would make this diagnosis more difficult but something to keep in mind. At least in Walsh and Hoyt they were saying that the facial nerve is really commonly affected and it's definitely possible that a lot of these people who are kind of categorized as idiopathic bells palsy patients this might actually be a manifestation of zoster so we might be under diagnosing it. The trigeminal nerve as we know is definitely can be affected and it can affect one, two or all three divisions. The ophthalmic division is affected in 7 to 15 percent of cases usually unilateral but if you're immunocompromised it can be bilateral lacrimal, branch is the least common then the nasociliary branch is the characteristic Hutchinson sign where you have the vesicles on the nose. So in reviewing the literature and looking at how these commonly present and what we might be looking for you know there are actually case series going back again fairly far back into the 1909 was the first one I saw. So out of 158 patients 15 percent presented with cranial neuropathy. Third nerve was the most common, fourth is least common, sixth is kind of in the middle and that holds true kind of for all these other series. This most recent series this was a review retrospective review of the literature of 21 patients with a known cranial nerve palsy and after zoster or with zoster and so the sixth nerve was a little more affected in that series but in general third is the most common followed by sixth and then fourth but you can have any combination you can have multiple you can have all ocular motor nerves involved also it can be contralateral to the side of the rash and it can be bilateral so it doesn't necessarily follow any rules. This is a case series of trochlear nerve palsies from zoster, Mike Grimson a few things to point out in this series the interval between zoster and the fourth nerve palsy usually it's about one to two weeks from the time of the rash to any nerve neuropathy but you know these patients even up to I'm not sure exactly why there was such a big range in this patient from four to eight weeks but it can be up to four weeks and there's reports of it being even longer of course if you had a patient that presented after that much time who had a rash they do need to work up but this is something to keep in the mind and always ask again on our review of systems have you had recent rashes any recent zoster shingles anything like that and then you know in this series of only six but these patients did improve but a few of them still had their diplopia and in these series it looks like most patients do have pretty good resolution of the diplopia some still have some misalignment and extreme gazes but most people recover in primary gaze over variable amounts of time. Here's just an example of 63 year old female with isolated trochlear nerve palsy one month after she had a left zoster outbreak so you can just see the left trochlear nerve and superior oblique muscle not working properly and then a 69 year old with generalized ophthalmoplegia with herpes zoster so like I said you don't have to have just one or two and you can have complete ophthalmoplegia and in this patient we see the rash and then we also see complete ptosis and really complete ophthalmoplegia and this is just as a side note we know where I'm talking about varicella zoster as it's reactivation but chickenpox is a primary infection can also cause neurologic sequelae which is a whole different talk but just you know this virus can do this in kids after their primary infection so this was a two year old that developed a left ocular motor nerve priestess two weeks after a mild attack of chickenpox so something to keep in mind. The mechanisms of how this is actually happening isn't necessarily completely clear and there's been a lot of theories over time starting back to 1845 back that you know Ederchin thought that there was inflammation in the cavernous sinus or superior orbital fissure that was related to the trigeminal nerve and kind of transmitted to the ocular motor cranial nerves thrombophlebitis has been proposed histologic evidence has shown the virus in the ocular motor nerves and then people have you know back good body thought that it was related to the close relationship of the peripheral end of the ocular motor nerve related to the ophthalmic nerve myositis has been seen neuritis and vasculitis and kind of I think the take home message from this is that when they're doing the histologic studies there's evidence of inflammation and vasculitis in some cases and virus activity kind of spread throughout and so it is really a disseminated process and so that's why this is so important that we don't miss it because of the other complications from disseminated disaster so from a neurologic standpoint some of the things that can happen as a secondary result is muscle weakness, encephalitis, ischemic stroke which is really from a vasculitis and usually granulomanias angiitis something we can't miss acute cerebellary tuxia, Guillain-Barre, Ray syndrome, myelitis optic neuritis and then vasculopathy which is kind of like granulomanias angiitis and post-traudic neurology so the vasculitis that can happen, it can be an infection in large, small, or both of the cerebral arteries patients can have systemic symptoms of headache, fever, mental status changes, transient ischemic attacks and strokes, can occur without rash and then granulomanias angiitis is the most, so kind of is the subset of this vasculitis most commonly people have an uncomplicated attack of zoster and then a delayed onset of a contralateral hemiplegia that's caused by the cerebral vasculitis also with this kind of presentation a lot of patients will have or they can have visual field defect and hamonomous hemianopia so again keep it on the differential for pretty much everything usually occurs in people over 50, again just the kind of characteristic zoster presentation and then it can be delayed up to three to seven weeks after an episode on cerebral angiography you might be able to see some signs of segmental narrowing of the internal crowded artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebellar or a combination and then of course it would be on the side opposite of where they were having hemiparesis CSF findings are variable in terms of the cell counts and everything but of course getting PCR and looking for the virus activity is important so shifting gears to giant cell arthritis we again it's drilled into us the classic presentation and vision loss, headaches, jaw claudication but 30% of patients can have neurologic manifestation which can be peripheral neuropathies, TIAs or strokes and I found numbers about 10 to 15% of people might have a presentation with diplopia and really this is another arthritis, vasculitis so you can get any portion of the ocular motor system can be affected so you can get cranial neuropathies but it can also cause brainstem ocular motor problems so you can have a presentation with an INO, one and a half syndrome, skewed deviation and it doesn't have to be just a single cranial neuropathy from giant cell this is an example of an 80 year old with a right superior division of ocular motor nerve precess, secondary to giant cell arthritis and you can see that here the ptosis and restriction of movement in that right eye and then here's another example of a 63 year old who had a two month history of scalp tenderness and a new onset of an acute horizontal diplopia and you can see on exam he's having difficulty adducting bullfie so he actually had a bilateral INO and that improved after steroids after he had a biopsy proven giant cell arthritis and then here's another example, a 78 year old woman had a one month history of neck and shoulder pain and a 12 day history of horizontal diplopia and you can see she's actually having difficulty abducting and she had bilateral six nerve palsies from giant cell so you know the case is Zoster and we talk about Zoster all the time but the important thing we just can't forget that it can be disseminated and we can't miss it because it can cause vasculitis, it can cause strokes if it is disseminated and I think this is another good example of when you really want to try to put all pieces of the history together you know that rash was kind of discarded in our busy clinics as not being related but it was and it didn't quite fit this dermatomal distribution but that's why it was disseminated and why this patient had multiple cranial nerves involved so this is a good learning case in these scary diagnoses that we need to keep in our minds and always look for. Does anyone have questions, comments yet? Very good Julia. Any thoughts on the role of steroids with herpes or Zoster I didn't look into that, I mean I just know there's debate and I don't know that there's any evidence one way or the other but I would probably defer to the audience for that if anyone has. I didn't review that, literature. There was a review at Academy and the consensus there was the evidence for steroids is much weaker than the evidence for it. And then you know there's a lot going on with Zoster between the actual chicken pox vaccine and what that will eventually be for Zoster and then also the Zoster vaccine and what that could mean. So there's a number of people who are really looking at that and one of the things also from this review at Academy is the likelihood of the age dropping down even lower for recommendations for the Zoster vaccine because you can have it in your 30s, 40s, 50s and it seems like the numbers justify even dropping down to an age of 50. So that's a potential change. Alright so short, I thought that there was another presenter today until yesterday.


I want to blog the dream lounge. People read that and they look at it and I blog about politics and stuff and let's say, oh Anthony is libertarian. I used to call myself that and go with it, but in reality it's not true. I'm actually, when I got down to it and started really researching and attaching my beliefs and my convictions on politics to a philosophy of politics, I had trouble finding one and then I found a term that is, it's pretty money for it. And it's actually much more radical than libertarian. It's very radical. It's fully consistent is what I call it. And it fits perfectly into what we're saying here. The what, the why, the what, and versus the how. So my political philosophy is something called declarationism, declarationism. And that basically holds the Declaration of Independence of the United States in this country and my view, specific view of it, on par or even foundational to the United States Constitution. So if you look at the US Constitution, which in this country is a supreme law of our land, it's a how document. And I think as far as I know, it's undisputed. It is literally a plan of government for how to run it. It's a series of laws of all these different things. Again though, it's a how document. And it wasn't the first one, the second one we use. What it does not give you though, at all, read it, is a what and a why. It gives you, and if you actually read it, you're creating a more perfect union, but a union of what. It doesn't tell you what or why you're doing anything in the first place, which in that case is a very serious thing, government, a monopoly on force. So again, the United States Constitution is a how document and it is a supreme law. But if you don't have a what and a why, the how can never be right. It's never gonna be validated. So when you hold the Declaration of Independence as on level, meaning equivalent to, yeah, or beneath it in the sense of being a foundation, like a filter that the US Constitution can't fit through, then this actually becomes supreme in that sense too. And the what and the why that the Declaration of Independence gives you, the Declaration of Independence is in a single sentence and it's that to secure these rights, which in the Declaration of Independence refers to individual rights, life, liberty, and suit of happiness, governments are instituted among men. What that means is you have a what, you have a government being instituted among men, which is quite literally not in the US Constitution. You just have a plan of government like an operation plan. So it gives you the what, you're instituting government and it gives you a why to secure these rights, which you don't have in this document, which basically invalidates anything in this document and any subsequent law that our legislators make is invalid and illegal if it doesn't fit through that what and that why. The what is easy enough, the why is where you're in trouble, because that means if you're right to your own life, to your own freedom, your liberty, and your unhappiness or your pursuit thereof is ever not protected or invalidated by the document, that part of the document's invalid, which is a very serious thing if you take it to the full extent. That means no one has the right to enact force against you, to threaten your life for any reason, meaning arrest you for say, takes a full income tax, military draft, or force you to do anything when you haven't violated someone else's right first. So again, a summarized declarationism which perfectly expresses this. The Declaration of Independence gives you a what, your instituting government, and a why you're doing it. The US Constitution doesn't. And this is kind of where we're at now, which when this was respected and held very, very, and understood very clearly, and it was practiced, our country was at a different point, and it was, I think, a lot better off. As we lost sight of this and stopped caring about it, now we just have a document just like our society now and all these are the topics, exercise, nutrition, dating relationships, where it's a total obsession and addiction to how things are done. So people now, if you look at government, they want to let the ramble too much on politics.  Why do you get up every day? Why do you go to work? Why do you go to school? Why do you do anything? Because life is good and it's worth protecting. Specifically, again, through the Declaration of Independence which gives you these, and our constitution doesn't, and if it's not filtered through that, I think it's invalid. I think our law is actually in history, and you look at everything objectively, that's actually where it fits together.


All right, here we go So yeah, welcome to the stock about delivering a production Cloud Foundry environment with Bosch My name is Julian Fisher as mentioned. I'm CEO of a Platform company called any nines. We've we are a consultancy around Cloud Foundry So we started running Cloud Foundry back in 2013 offering a public Cloud Foundry in Europe So we've been through a learning curve in the last years And I'd like to share some of the experience with you today so sadly, it's only a few 20 minutes and You know, you can't just hit my play button and I will keep on talking about this for hours So the most challenging part actually was to cut out the right pieces so that you get a coherent coherent picture or out About what production readiness actually means so let's give it a try so the agenda for today is basically Once activated my trigger So the agenda is going to be a few words having a few words about Bosch I think Bosch has been introduced very well in several talks today. So we just have a few Emotional words about Bosch then we are looking at how to actually deploy a production-grade Cloud Foundry runtime and Closing with some words about the data services part as it is part of a Cloud Foundry And an essential part So looking at Bosch You know any Nines is a brand so the company behind that other tech it exists since 2008 and we followed a business model comparable to engineer where we take physical and virtual servers and Automate the hell out of them using Obscote Chef so since 2010 we didn't we did a lot of Chef automation So when we actually started using Cloud Foundry our our guys were like, oh, yeah a new automation technology Do we really need it? Why the hell Bosch and so there was some resistance and that resistance Was mostly about you know changing the tool set and because it's a different approach So after using Bosch to deploy Cloud Foundry and getting used to it a little more people slowly changed their mind and After recognizing that you can do so much more with Bosch than just deploy Cloud Foundry They actually fell in love with it. So today is the preferred automation technology over at our company So why is that? Obviously Cloud Foundry has as a distributed system large challenges around maintaining state deploying loads of virtual machines, but also configuring a Distributed system so making up though making those components actually collaborate and work together So the challenge of the automation tool Toolchain here is not only about you know spinning up a virtual machine and configuring a database but also taking care of the life cycle of such a system because you want to update you want to you want to scale you want to Do loads of things lots of things During the operation of such an operating of such a distributed system And I've not seen something that really comes close to Bosch Capabilities to deal with those Challenges with a single tool set. I mean you can use several and put them together and have a similar User experience, but what we really found appealing is that it every it does everything we actually need Together fair enough. There's a learning curve. That's a little more Let's say it takes more effort to really get going once but after that. I think the Values really pay off alright, so one of the Very interesting things is the infrastructure independence that's built into Bosch and at any nines. We've felt The impact of that firsthand We started the past offering as a proof of concept Because we've done open-stack before that so with open-stack Diablo We thought we could become an infrastructure company and Went through the value of darkness with open-stack learning that it is a nightmare to operate and everything So we want to ensure that we are not repeating that story with Cloud Foundry and Started on a rented VMware as at that time coming from a VMware's background Cloud Foundry Seemed to be most stable on on VMware so we bootstrap Cloud Foundry in just a few weeks and After a while we recognized that our open-stack could be good enough to run a Cloud Foundry top of it. So we took the entire Platform with more than 200 apps or 150 apps at that time and Migrated it to open-stack with less than 30 minute downtime so downtime it was two weeks of preparation, but the downtime of the apps were like kept to a minimum and The reason why that was possible is because Bosch's abstraction from from the infrastructure and we kept our toolchain In a way that we'll keep those promises and Recently where our open-stack finally melted down and we recognized that we shouldn't run open-stack at all We might create it to Amazon and that transition also was Just possible because of the infrastructure Independence coming with Bosch. So we know how to run Cloud Foundry. We know how to break open-stack We know how to reassemble everything and most of that's only possible because of Bosch So we have a data suite built on top of Bosch and you know customers were asking whether they could you know use that on premise So they have a different Linux operating system. They have to use because of internal policies So with chef I you know that would trigger a nightmare because you have to go through all the cookbooks and ensure the consistency between Those different operating systems because you know every operating system with their package manager ends up having a different directory structure And with Bosch those problems are not really present because it does a proper task on abstracting from all these things We're looking at the data service part One thing that's also very important comes also in handy with the Cloud Foundry runtime is that you have a separation between the abstract blueprint of describing the the distributed system, but also This having it separate from the actual deployment because you might you may know that Sandbox environment is most likely very different from a production environment But you have you want to have one set of Bosch releases and and then actually keep them separate from the deployments Which also comes very handy when dealing with data services where you want to have several data service plans and resulting You know deployments should be should be differently, but more to that a little later When whenever you have a Clustered component such as the DA and you are performing upgrades You also want to be sure that you don't take down all DA's at the same time So with a lot of automation technologies you can't do that within your cookbooks and have you know some Smartness in there, but with Bosch you just don't have to do that. It's it's done for you And also it's not a fire and forget automation where you spin a virtual machine up and maybe Perform some changes around that, but it really takes the responsibility to take care of the babies it actually spawned by Taking care of the jobs is actually spawned and will recreate jobs and and virtual machines for you so obviously you've been through that learning but take all that together like the VM provisioning the management of persistent disks and And you will see that There's actually the whole life cycle of such a distributed system already covered and all you have to do is use Bosch It just takes away a lot of functionality. You have otherwise to rebuild and put into your code so as I said Bosch we fell in love with it and It has proven to be the right choice many many times So let's get back to the cloud foundry topic because we are here about you know Bringing production and cloud foundry together with Bosch So what does a production cloud foundry mean? Yeah, thank you very much So there should be there should be a mobile off-sign somewhere However, production What does it mean? I mean, there's so many great companies here They they may operate plot cloud foundry at even a larger scale than we do So I'm pretty sure that this will actually mean something very different to you than it means for us So what I can say as a common denominator is that everything fails I mean, you've seen so many distributed systems promising you highly will high availability and But haven't you all seen these systems fail as well I mean, I've seen every system fail in in my career So I think it's just natural that things break So and from our experience our infrastructure was the major source of or failure whether it was Because of physical server failed or the infrastructure layer itself had some issues. It's just these technologies are not perfect. So failures occur so when Asking or defining production readiness in our team We came to a definition that is as easy as that that is a system is production ready If nobody has to get up when ordinary failures occur So, of course the magic word here is the word ordinary. So what's ordinary? It is when failures actually happen within a availability zone So we come to that concept a little a little later The idea is to change the expectation of we can get rid of failures at all even when using clustering We just scope a certain set of failures and we expect them to happen But it will always it will always the case that Failures will happen that we don't expect. So how can we actually deal with that? so one approach to To deal with this is to design your system to fail again You'll have to scope it in order to make things work one of the most essential things and I actually thought that Nobody really needs to tell people that But I've seen customer doing that horribly horribly wrong is that you need infrastructure availability zones so Whenever you build the infrastructure, you should be aware that they are that there's Should ensure that there's at least three different Availability zones they should be separated as much as they can so that they are protected from physical physical events such as fire You know dedicated Dedicated energy sources networking Different ideally also service from different batches. It's one of the things We just recently experienced as we had all the open-stake service. We had they were from one batch so we had a A issue with the Intel network driver and it took down 20 out of 24 servers at the same time with a kernel panic So at that moment your availability zones won't worth won't be worth anything. It's just because the problem you have is at a Entire infrastructure scale So ensure that you have three availability zones. They should be separate separate switches separate networks and At the same time you have to ensure that they are low network latencies between them So let's have a look at those two attributes three Why the number three is just because whenever you use a quorum-based service that one available Availability zone goes down. You still have a majority and you know, you'll be ready to create a quorum and the low latency is important because whenever you use Let's say a synchronous replicated database cluster for example that you don't run into a split-prane situation just because there's You know a network network latency So how do you actually do that? I mean building that's surely infrastructure specific, but all the infrastructure softwares out there They are somehow managed to do that. So How do you do that with Bosch? Before before they actually the recent versions you had to create resource pools and Put the availability zones in the resource pool and then you assigned the resource pool to a job Which was kind of messy because you you mix You know Availability zone and resource pools everything in your deployment manifest which makes them a little verbose so with recent versions they luckily redesigned it to use a cloud config file where you can Separately handle all those, you know infrastructure specific configuration. So you have your availability zones being described in a separate In a separate file so you can then refer Just to the availability zones which always kind of neat thing and makes things more readable so with that in mind your infrastructure being structured well and You'll have the possibility on the level of Bosch to Distribute virtual machines across availability zones and therefore influence their placement We can look at how to make a production cloud foundry again, this is more an example as it is You know a precise science at the moment you might be different for you, but the runtime Looking at the runtime There's a generic strategy. You can actually apply to to all Distributed systems you want to you want to operate most important thing is that you eliminate all single point of failures Because whenever one availability zone goes down you can be sure that every singleton could be affected By chance could be that it's luckily not exactly that virtual machine But it could be so how do you defend yourself is you cluster everything at least three replicas and spread across three availability zones So the generic strategy is that you create a list of system components and their dependencies and you go You go through every component and check whether it's a single point of failure You identify this component you you dig into it and you will just find out whether you whether it can be clustered and If it can be clustered you cluster it it would take some effort Maybe you have to change your boss release or whatever, but it would definitely definitely save you some time So if you find yourself identifying a component, you cannot cluster I definitely prepare myself for night shifts because you'll have to get up and you know fix things in the middle of the night when exactly those components went down So looking at a cloud foundry At our runtime a few months ago We found ourselves because we bootstrap From early versions that we have a plop store based on NFS, which is a bad idea because NFS doesn't scale it's not redundant and We have we we had a postgres behind the cloud controller database as well as the UA as a single point of failure So what what did we do to to get rid of that? The first step we did were we made we've made some pull requests against the cloud controller a few years back So that we can use OpenStack Swift as a blob store or you know as an alternative Amazon as three and Also, we took some time to cluster a postgres and use use it as a database for cloud controller and UA So it's worth looking at that component in in more detail To be mentioned that in the meantime, there is a very nice postgres Sorry a very nice Bosch release of my sequel Galera out there. I think it's made made by pivotal, right? So this can be an alternative to the postgres solution But in our case we already had postgres on the map and spend some time And it's a good example to see how you actually use cloud foundry cloud foundry's Bosch in in the context of You know making something a single point of failure and turn it into a cluster So we'll walk through that example to learn a little on what are what kind of challenges? You might be facing during a journey like that. So the desired Goal was to have a three-node database cluster. It's a little small. I'm sorry With a cloud controller and UA databases being spread across three databases across three availability zones So I gave a talk about the postgres cluster in more detail But a few things should be mentioned for those who haven't been able to attend that Of course we deployed and monitoring that cluster by by using Bosch So you got this Bosch director and it's going to deploy three virtual machines for you and you know turn that into a cluster so As you can see there are several components running on each virtual machine one of which of course is the Bosch agent and There are two other there are two other components the replication manager as well as the console agent So why do we need that? the reason is because Postgres has built in Capabilities to perform replication. It's an asynchronous replication called streaming application But it does not come with with fail-over detection or automatic fail-over Facilities so you actually have to find a cluster manager that would help you doing that Earlier days we've used pacemaker to do that But it's very very poor to the choice on to put that on a on a cloud So we found the cluster managers doing a great job and cluster manager will Will actually recognize a failing failing databases will trigger appropriate promote scripts that will help us to then perform the actual fail-over So let's have a look at some of the challenges doing that fail-over scenario and again those are The complexities you have to deal with while building a Bosch release right so we have to wrap these components and we have to find a way that We do a fail-over Specific to Postgres, but still being operation system and infrastructure agnostic So the challenges we've seen is that you have to provide credentials to access your database server So with asynchronous replication what you can do is just use You know every node any of the nodes or load balance them because you have to ensure that you're always Right against the database master So with that With that requirement you can use IP addresses because they will change during fail-over So if you if your master server goes down you want to write to the to the slave so you can't use the IP addresses and Well, at least at the point we've been looking at this Bosch internal power DNS was a single point of failure So you don't want to use Bosch internals DNS name to do that either So we've decided to go with console and use use its internal DNS You know with a five-note console cluster spread across three availability zones That's actually a redundant solution. We can live with so the resulting architecture then looks somehow like this So you have a console cluster and the console cluster manages a DNS name So this DNS name this DNS has been has to be registered in your in your runners ATC resolve obviously So and with that you can actually use this DNS name to always point to the master so and in case fancy animation, isn't it so in case this master goes down Like what happens then because all right you have two replicas two other servers But you have to get up and you know fix it. No, we don't want to do that We want to have this happen automatically So this is where actually the rep manager comes into game So it recognized the master servers gone and at that case it will trigger a promote script Which will also tell the remote console to to change the DNS entry to the new master So one of the challenges with that approach is that you shouldn't have DNS caching activated In your runners or your applications, which might be troubles cause trouble with some default Java JVM configurations But it's definitely a infrastructure agnostic way of dealing with that situation However, so far it's three o'clock in the morning. One of our servers went down SysOps are asleep and we are in the graded mode So what actually happens now is that the Bosch self-healing come Self-healing come into get the game the health manager of Bosch will recognize that There's a virtual machine missing and the Resurrector will instruct the director to Boots reboots wrap that virtual machine and because of the way this solution is built at that time when the rep manager comes up, it will already recognize that there's a new master and In turn the new node into a slave So with Bosch built in functionality Not only that you will have to be able to Create an automatic failover using using console Wrap that in a Bosch release, but Bosch will also help you to automatically recover from the graded mode So now you are you're actually fine. And if you fix the physical host, maybe Which failed behind that you don't have to do anything All right now we reached the checkpoint where every every component of our runtime is clustered so the runtime will actually survive failures from a single availability zone which Leads us to the inside that a cloud foundry is only production ready when your data services are Because the problem or the challenge with data services is that apps often strongly Depend on the data services. So now you have this wonderful runtime that gives you a Scalability for you can scale your app from one instance to a hundred during a peak And then you just have a single database cluster that doesn't really make sense because there's an unhealthy ratio between application instances and a physical Database cluster. So at some point this cluster might fail either because it's overloaded or Because it you know it fails even clusters may fail so that case what happens is that a lot of application instances are affected and From experience and as I said, we've broken everything at some point that the customer will give you a hard time So what we derive from that is that shared data services are not an option I don't want to I don't want to have a postgres or any data services where a service instance is managed by The data service itself. So postgres databases are bad service instances It's I'd rather go with dedicated postgres servers or clusters at service instances So our conclusion was that it's more healthy to use on-demand provision dedicated services instead So with that being said the situation would look like this you have a hundreds of application instances and Whenever one of these service, you know service instances goes down. Maybe because they are a single server postgres and The appropriate availability zone went down The problem is just way more contained which is not solving the problem because still things fail But you know you have less customers yelling at you So we actually want to contain problems and of course, how do you on-demand provision data service instances? So let's let's do let's have Bosch Do the dirty work? So a resulting architecture might look like this where a cloud controller talks to a generic service broker Who will then trigger the issuing of of deployment attributes using a data service specific component called the SPI Which will then talk to a deployment component slightly abstracting from Bosch Generating a deployment manifest. So let's say you have a Bosch release for postgres And you want to create a service instance for a single postgres server? This will do this deployment manifest will defer from a let's say a large postgres cluster So and that abstraction is actually made on the level of the deployer Using different templates will which will then be generated into deployment manifest and Subsequently deployment tasks will be started and virtual machines will be provisioned for you So there are two major Advantages using that strategy first of which you have a stronger isolation between service instances because you're using means of infrastructure So there's a clear contract between you and your customer because I ate gig Postgres Server with eight gig of rent of memory I mean, that's that's that's up to you how you use it And nobody else will influence that instance unless you do heavy over commitment on the infrastructure level All right, and good thing about what we found out is that you'll actually only have to do two things when adding a new data service Which is creating this SPI whose main? Responsibility is issuing the credentials and managed credentials when creating service bindings as well as to provide a appropriate Bosch release So the communication flow looks a little like this. So whenever you create a service instance, this will be Delegated to the service broker who will then prepare the deployment against a service data service specific component This is about the placeholders you will later actually fill in the deployment Templates which will be generated to deployment manifest So with that you actually talk to the deployer select a template Let's say a single server template fill in the appropriate attributes and generate a Bosch deployment from it The cloud controller then keeps on polling asking whether deployment has finished and once the deployment has finished the service broker will store some service instance specific Values such as you know credentials to access it but because when you later want to create a service binding You have to know which database cluster to connect to So as I said, this solution can be used for arbitrary data services. We in particular use it for Rabbit MQ for Redis for MongoDB and Postgres as the more at the moment and estimate the effort of adding a new data service In production for to around four to eight weeks because of you have to do a lot of testing and learn about the data service All right, so wrap it up. How does the system then in the end look like? So you have three availability zones you have your runtime on the top and a service down below Of course, you can add several services, but you know for the sake of having it on the slide. It's just one most importantly is that you'll have You know the the availability zone zones configured into your deployment manifest So that you influence the placement strategy that mission critical virtual machines will be distributed across the availability zones and By using Bosch to deploy the service instances You just apply the very same strategy and can ensure that when deploying a Postgres cluster Which then you can deploy an arbitrary number of it The their virtual machines will be Distributed across the availability zones as well. So with that a design you can actually Survive the outage of a availability zone with any impact on your on your apps beside of a little hiccup While reconnecting to the database So how can we sum this up? well and Thu the astically I can say Bosch is a great companion for all cloud foundry related automation challenges and this does not only Include the runtime but also includes data services and while containers are fancy and hip-style of solving Everything, you know, I think when you got a hammer everything you see as a nail I think Bosch does and did a really great job on on deploying applications To cloud foundry, but also I mean deploying cloud foundries as well as solving the data service problem So yeah, that was it and if you have questions feel free to ask


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Yw'r bwysig o'r ysgwrs o'r cyfrif yna'r cyfrif yma. Yn ymlaen i'r cyfrif yma, mae'n gwneud o'r cyfrif yma yma i'r ffodol yn y ffodol. Felly yw'r pwysig o'r llunio. Yn ymlaen yw'r llunio, 73 Zanffarrastianents Abduction. Ar o acon Zolteitif Fhorum ACF ffumes, sy'n gyfrif yn gweithio'r rhain i'r ffordd. Yn ymdweud yn y brwyng dylai ydw i'r rhodaeth, adrodd y Chyfnoddol 4 oedd. ACF4's Self Defence Call says government that can't protect citizens has no reason to exist. Metawallu advises communities to use any weapon at their disposal and come out en masse. Conflicts in judgement, six chief judges appear before NJC today. Sact ministers fail to meet target. Bwharry plans more evaluation. NLC threatens industrial action over proposed electricity tariff hike. Remittances, Senate accuses NNPC, CBN, others of underpayment. PDP crisis worsens, word suspends, seconders. APC upholds a beoddwn loyalist Congress, ignores a moswg group. Echyddi community protests, couple others kidnap, bandits demand 10 million naira. Security agents pa alafin ulubaddon from Leicon-Stalami Stadium inauguration. Lastly, Rep says the EFCs is helping customs to recover 10.6 billion naira. Moving on to the daily independent newspapers. Bandits invade Zamfara governor's hometown, abduct over 100 students. Q9 scores injured in Kogi community, abduct couple and two others in Iqiti, residents protest, and three lawmakers escape death in Nassarawa. Also on the daily independent, Senate accuses CBN of withholding 80% operational surplus from Federation account. Amnesty assessment of Nigerian government, Mayor Rantyn and biased says the presidency. Don't set Nigeria ablaze with hate speech, federal government warns leaders. And also why Bohari reshoffwd Cabinet sacked at Greek and power ministers. Restructuring, devolution of power would resolve security problems and end agitation, says Iwayeo. And we can also find here would resist planned increase in electricity tariff, NLC vows. Finally on the daily independent, COVID-19 vaccination of Basaki threatens another lockdown, says government will act to protect people. Of moving out to the nation newspaper, the headline is an explainer into why Bohari fired power agricultural ministers. Under doctors call of three month strike, Ihe Kwazu is WHO assistant DG. 73 pupils kidnapped in Zamfara, government shot schools. Lagos candidates tops UTME results with 358. NDA yet to find kidnapped army officer one week after. Senate panel CBN disagree on remittance of revenue sopless. Benefits of my administration will be felt after my exit, says Bohari. PDP crisis second is ready to withdraw his case. All right, now moving from the daily independent, let's see what we can find on the leadership newspapers. First time in six years, PMB wields big stick on two cabinet ministers, two cabinet members, power, a Greek ministers fired for under performance and flip flop policies. More ministers to go. Citizens hard hit as food inflation rises from 13.7% to 21%. Power supply worsens, experts set agenda for new ministers. And the PDP says the president's action won't change anything. IPOB has amassed weapons and bombs, says the presidency. Selindyn Ews banded strike in Zamfara, docked 100 students in Matawle's hometown. CBN appoints, wants to know being seven others as departmental directors. I think that's really all we can find on the leadership this morning. Good morning to Mr Inayatok. Good morning. It was a pleasure to be on plus TV Africa. Thanks for joining us. There's a couple of very big stories in the headlines this morning. I'm not sure which you would like to start from, the kidnapping of 100 students or the cabinet reshuffle? Let's start with the kidnapping of the 100 students. Well, just for a minute, in the states, the state government and the state police command have said officially it's 73. So all the figures of over 100 are currently unverified. You know, it's so disheartening. The Bible talks about a man that had 100 sheep, not human beings, sheep. And one sheep was missing, one, and he left the 99 and went in search of the one sheep that was missing. Nigeria, we're not talking sheep, we're not talking cattle, we're talking about human beings. And there is, oh no, it wasn't 200, it was just 150. No, it wasn't 150. And these are mind-boggling figures. Not one human being, not five, not 10, not 50. They are saying no, it wasn't 100 and something, it was just 70 something. Human souls, it's disheartening. The extent to which we have allowed human life to be so cheap, such that it's like to a penny. We were in this country when an American, one American, was within our environment and we saw what the American government did. They went out of their way and rescued that one American. On a daily basis, we are losing Nigerians in scores, in tens, if not in hundreds, on a daily basis. I think the time has come when we really need to sit down and listen to your analysis before time. And I could feel also as as he was making sitting very hard statements and you were not too comfortable with it. But let's face this issue. If you have cancer, that cancer is either excised or it spreads. I do not know if we understand what is going on in our country with respect to these terrorists that we are using perfume to get sexy with them and call them bandits. How long is it going to take for the federal government to wake up and look at the north? The north is the... You know we are talking of such a terrible contradiction in this country, I don't understand. Let power go to the north, power to the north, power to the... We keep talking about power to the north. Do these northerners, with all due respect, my brothers and my sisters and brothers in it, do they really care about the people? Does development really count? Does the life of the people really matter to these people that represent the north? Because... So my best friend, I attended a federal government college. So understandably, my worldview is different. My two children are married, I have two boys, they are both married to the north. The wives are from the north. And it really bothers me if they really care about the fact that education is the future of any people and that this will cannot go to school. Did they really sit down and think of the larger implication, the prognosis of what is going on today, not just human life, even the development, the imaginary boys. What is the plan, the policy of government for these young people who are fellow Nigerians? All I'm hearing is about power to the north, power to the north. As a matter of fact, the one person that stood up for these imaginaries was a southerner, president of Good Love Jonathan. He took it as... Look, one of my friends, very, very good friend, he was conducting a speech on a very, very good friend. He was contesting election in the north, governorship. And he said he's not going to win. I asked him why. He said because his policies, he attended King's College. So he thinks in terms of development, he thinks in terms of human resource, he sees the human resource and he thinks in terms of going to disrupt the system so that the children can have a future like his children. And he says he's going to go against the establishment. And as a result, they are going to go out of their way to stop him. That was the most irrational thing I've heard in my life. But that was a sad reality. So when the youth of the north to really sit down and ask themselves a very, very serious question, is there a difference between politics and development? And if there is, which of the lines are they going to go with? Even if somebody must come from the north, what should be the criteria, what should be the quality of such a person? This issue of religion and divide is a Christian. How does that affect the price of getting in the market? If a Muslim can come and give me a good country, so be it. If a Christian can give you a better future, so be it. What do you really want? Let's move away from there. We will revisit that conversation later on in the show this morning. But let's also talk about some of the very big story. That is the cabinet reshuffle. The president has sacked the minister of power and the minister of agriculture, Saleh Maman and Sabu Nanunu, and replaced them with two others. Mohamed Mahmoud, who was the minister of the environment before, now takes over as the minister of power. And then Abu Bakaliyu, who was the minister of the State for Work and Housing, takes over as the agriculture minister. Do you see this as a great step by the current administration? In a sense, yes. In a sense that just the animation of the fact that you underperform, just that animation is likely to get others to sit up.   That's what my mother used to tell me. It doesn't go in any way and back. The child that has nothing to fear, never amounts to anything. You've got to know that your boss will not take any things. Oh, I trust you. Oh, I trust them. Oh, I know them. Oh, I trust them. Six years, you trust them, and we become the poverty capital of the world. Six years, we become one of the top three most terrorized nations in the world. Six years, you trust them. It doesn't make sense to me. So for me, better late than never. On the positive, I'll say yes, that animation alone will definitely make people to sit up. It will also bring about conversations on excellence or performance within the policy because people are now starting to discuss and they will now start to do analysis of others. They will ask this environment ministry that has been given a bigger role to play in agriculture. Is it out of excellent performance in the Ministry of Environment? Can we really do an analysis of the Ministry of Environment and find that the minister is smelling like a rose on account of which is going to be given agriculture, which is one of the main stages of our economy? So these are questions that we must ask. Minister of State housing, that happens to be my area and I think I will, for reason of propriety and wisdom, withhold my comment on that area. But my prayer is that these people will see their new assignment as a mark of confidence in them and the worst thing they can do to their boss is to make Nigerians feel that the president didn't know what he was doing. But if they come up and really hit the ground running, we will be able to hail the president as the least they can do to their boss. The current administration has just about two years before a new government comes in so I'm not sure how fast they can actually hit the ground or which ground they would hit in the next between now and 2023. But I also want to ask you, how long would you take to make a change if you see that certain persons aren't working in a company or an organisation? From your perspective, would it take you a whole year or two years or five or six? You see, I'll tell you this. I've been so close to government without ever taking up any government appointment. Every government in my state, starting with Obongata, I was one of the closest to him. Coming to my brother Akbabyo, extremely close to him. Coming to Mr Audum, I know the system and I keep making an advice. Number one, in your first term, pretend you don't have a second term. Work so hard, so bad, and let your performance speak for you. When you get into second term, know that it is exit that matters. And if I had my way, if I'm a governor by the grace of God, by the end of the first year in office, I'd already had six years. Those who I would have already now had five years, those that performed well over the period, I'll retain them. But now, on your first year, at the end, start what we call a finishing team. This finishing team are people who are not going to look for office number one. Number two, there are people who are very competent, because by now it's no longer maybe, maybe not.  Within the past five years, you would have heard people that you said they are stars. Bring them to your legacy ministries. You're not going to be able to achieve everything. Those hardcore performers, bring them to your legacy ministries, where you want to have what you may call, what you should be remembered for, your legacies. And you are not going to do that two years to go, because election would have started by that time. Right now, Mr President has waited so, so, so late. By the end of this year, one of the ministers that was appointed, I told somebody I could never accept to be appointed a minister two years to the end of administration. I wouldn't accept it. The reason is that in the ministries, there's what they call managing the boss. At that time, they know that you're on your way out. And there's no second term. So there's no fear of you. They can manage you. They can play you before you know. They are looking for files.  They are telling their... They call it managing the boss. They manage you to exit you. They don't fear you. They can actually ignore you. So when you come up now as a minister, number one is that the civil servants don't take you serious because they know you're on your way out. Number two is that the politicians are starting business and their one is like, guy, get us money for election. Get us money for election. So they are not thinking in terms of development for you. They are thinking in terms of putting pressure on you to bring out money for election. So at the end of the day, you discover that you achieved next to nothing. That is a sad reality in Nigeria and it's a cycle that I hope we can break. So the ministry staff are not going to be listening to these new ministers. They're just going to manage them and blah, blah, blah. You're just coming in as a new person. You want to start to study to understand what is going on. You're not going to find the information you need that is important. They're not going to give it to you. And secondly, those things you want to hit the ground running to achieve things, politicians are not going to allow you. They're like, my guy, election is coming. Election is coming. Don't let us do.  So I don't see much that this is what I'm going to do. You should have done this at least a year ago before politics started. And when the civil servants seem new that you have a little bit of time, right now they know you don't have time. So they are going to manage you. They are going to tell you things that are sexy. They are going to show you areas you can make small money here and there. And if you want to look at areas that you must stop there, and so that things are going to frustrate you, at the end of the day you achieve nothing. OK, so finally, I want us to ponder on this important question if the president is understood. Because he's been speaking recently and he's been saying that the full impact of his administration would only be felt after. And that he's not been out for short cuts, but he's been taking the due diligence and making sure that his projects have long-term benefits. So do we misunderstand the president when we criticise him? Him. You know, a former president, Jonathan said, when I leave office, you do not go miss me. You understand me? He said it. And the jury is out there. Are we missing him or not? Mr president has said that the full impact of what I'm doing will be felt when I leave office. Now that could be positive, it could be negative. The dead body is going to be felt when he leaves office. I'm telling you it's going to be felt when he leaves office. The terrorists that have been emboldened when he leaves office and another person comes in, they can be peace in this country within four to six months. Take that to the bank. They can be peace in this country within four to six months of somebody who comes in and says enough is enough that nonsense is going to stop. The body language that we are talking about is somebody who says, look, I'm not taking this nonsense anymore. So the full impact of Mr president, you know, romancing seemingly, let me be careful to recount it, seemingly romancing on account of which this was becoming so emboldened and so brazen in their approach to ravaging this nation. The full impact will be felt after he's left office. It is after he's left office that we'll know whether these terrorists were afraid of him or they were emboldened by him. But there are also certain things that he's done that are the full impact in government. There are certain foundations that you lay that the result will not come immediately. And Nigerians also have to learn to not put on view pressure on administrations for here and now. In the Bible there's a statement that is recorded and I think we should understand that in government. It says, Paul sowed Apollo's watered on account of which God ultimately gave the increase. There needs to be a very good communication and I blame this on the minister of communication, not just communication, information. Because he needs to let us know that these are foundations for a forced-to-rebuilding or foundations for a sky rise, which is going to be maybe 20 floors or 50 floors, and that this foundation is going to take four years to lay just foundation. When people know that and you come to build a superstructure, they don't give the credit to only you that has built this first structure they can see, they give the credit to the man who laid the foundation on account of which the superstructure is being built. But Nigerians is like, I want to see, want to build a bridge, build roads. When you invest in education, imagine that you invest in primary education now. You're not going to see the effect until they get into secondary school which is going to be like six years after when you're on your way back. You're not too much sure until they get into university which is going to be like over ten years or thereabouts, which is far above the span of your two sessions. But then we know that a foundation, a solid foundation is being laid who will be able to appreciate when the person leaves office. Thank you very much, Ezekiel Iantok. Thank you. Thanks for joining us this Thursday morning. We wish you a very interesting day ahead. Good morning once again. Thank you for having me. Stay with us. Today in history is coming up right after the short break. I'm going back to the year 1968 to tell you a little bit about the Nigerian Civil War. And I'm going to the year 2013 to tell you about a record breaking swim. Stay with us.


One of the last set news they want to talk about is some pretty good story about how PayPal is integrating with metamask This is this going to give us a little bit more visibility and moving forward also I'm going to show you a metamask example on my personal phone and show you exactly how this is going to work as you're able to buy Crypto through your PayPal account using metamask Also want to talk about not to be a dead horse, but there's some more worries about Binance And of course, you know my position on that don't leave anything on exchanges and lastly we're going to talk about FTX used your funds to funnel that into a secret account that has around eight billion dollars into it So now I think we know where the money is going before we get it all that Let's just take a look at what's going on with the markets and Bitcoin is down I do this because I would like to show you the Satoshis to USD converter just so you know you don't have to buy a full Bitcoin tell your friends tell your family all those things Bitcoin right now is over $50,000, but you can buy a ton of Satoshis right now one dollar you can get 5,732 Satoshis that's a lot of Satoshis and as we move forward I think that number will only decrease as the price of Bitcoin goes up So that's just for a dollar now. Let's break into today's what I consider pretty good story And what we got here is PayPal Launches integration with metamask. Here's what we have So these the of the popular metamask web 3 wall will soon be able to buy Ethereum the second most popular crypto similar to PayPal's checkout featured online stores like Etsy and eBay The integration with consensus metamask will let users buy and transfer ETH by logging into metamask Tapping the buy button and logging a PayPal before Making a purchase company sent a statement that select US based metamask customers Will be able to use PayPal to buy either ether as of Wednesday, which is yesterday today is Thursday, December 15th Now the feature will be rolled out to all the US users in the coming weeks This integration will with PayPal allow our US users to not just buy crypto seamlessly through metamask But also to easily explore the web 3 ecosystem. That's the big thing Getting people to understand and use it utility right so this was the exact article that it came from It says it's pretty easy add crypto to your metamask wallet log in a mobile metamask app Click or tap the buy button select PayPal and the desired amount Buy your crypto done. So I thought about that. I'm like, is that really as easy as it is? So what I did Was I loaded up my metamask wallet and I taken a look on my personal phone itself And you can see right here. Let me bring this up so you can see it Here's my metamask wallet. Don't worry. I've got a whopping $900 plus an ethereum I don't think it's going to crush me if If I lose that that's whatever So what they're saying here is that it's very easy step buy button right in the middle buy right by receive I'm going to click on buy And for me, I've got three options because I'm in Puerto Rico right now And it's it's not for every US Citizen so far, but this is how it works. So I thought to myself. Why don't know what the PayPal Fees are going to be but if you do an instant bank transfer Continue to amount. Let's say I want to buy a hundred dollars worth of ethereum. I click done Get quotes Here's the quotes. It's like Six, well 6.3 percent essentially what it is. You can see right there the total fees I'm going to get $93 $6 and I thought to myself that's kind of a ripoff is what I think you can use apple pay We'll take a look here. Let's say a hundred dollars Done get a quote and what do we got? Well, same thing A little bit less, but it's four percent. So people who complain about transaction fees It is no I mean, it's a abysmal what you can get and you can use a debit or credit card But again, and what are you going to pay? You're going to pay a lot in fees And just getting the quote right here for all three of those You're looking at about four percent. So if that's something that interests you Go right ahead. I don't have access to PayPal I would like to see what the fees are, but I'm going to guess That it's going to be a little bit higher. Anyhow, let me actually think about that in the comment section Let's move on to our next piece where we talk about Binance so not to beat a dead horse, but Binance proof of reserves raises red flags And we take a look here. I've been talking about this for quite some time I'm very leery on Binance. Of course, that's why we have the rules underneath me It's all gone. Don't invest morning before to lose everything's a scam until otherwise Don't leave anything on exchanges. We think we've all learned a lesson with that one Don't use leverage and take profits along the way I think that's helps me out. You're free to use those or discard them whatever you want to But it's these types of mentalities that makes me look into Binance So as I noted by a former financial accounting standards board member and investment manager And we're talking about the Binance audit that was put out We've talked about this three or four times now at first it looked good Now we take a look at liabilities like those are put out there But the wording was a bit off and it's just not as transparent as you'd like it to be But it's according to the standard board member financials It lacks information related to the quality of internal controls and how Binance's system Liquidates assets to cover margin amongst another red flag lack of information about Binance's corporate structure I didn't know this but Binance's chief strategy officer Patrick Hillman was unable to name Binance's parent company As Binance has been going through a corporate reorganization for almost two years Now look, I don't know how long it really takes for a massive multi-billion dollar Corporation to reorganize. I've never been in control of one But two years seems kind of lengthy correct me in the comment section. Maybe that's just normal But it gets a little bit more dice John Reed Stark senior lecturing fellow at Duke School of law and former chief of the sec's office of internet enforcement state of this Binance's proof of reserves report doesn't address effectiveness of internal financial controls Doesn't express an opinion or assurance conclusion and doesn't vouch for the numbers I work at the sec for 18 plus years. This is how I define a red flag and then moving forward It's not just about that But it's about the things that that's uh CZ says And before he's had this tone where it's like look if you're going to spread fud You're not going to make any money. You're going to stay poor. That's one of his tweets Not exactly, but that's essentially what he said And this next one he says look you can custody your accounts, but only one percent of people can handle it right now I'm not for sure. We sound about the global population or the population that is in crypto right now I personally believe we are smart enough to figure out how to custody our own accounts I think you're smart enough. You're right here. They can the right place at the right time Also, if you help with doing those things, I got this website. It's 100% free It shows you all the the ways to self custody How to use a meta mask and you can use those in all the different modules One of those being module five How do I use a meta mask wallets right there? And I'll tell you do staking and how to do everything with your ledger and so on and so forth So just as a refresher. That's what we got So this is what the article states CZ came out and said look most people For 99% of people today asked them to hold crypto on their own. They'll end up losing it Holding crypto ones on wallet is not risk-free more people lose money holding their own They lose more crypto when they're holding on their own than a centralized exchange again I don't know if he's talking about the general mass population in the world or crypto population But I will warn you. You know who also said that that exact almost the exact same thing It was Alex Machinsky from Celsius and he said more bitcoiners have lost bitcoin Than anybody else. He goes over the years. That's actually happened. I personally think people can figure it out right now It's not that tough But let's just keep going with this article again. These types of comments make me a little leery Holding crypto on dollars free Yeah, we talked about that now moving down Most people are not Able to back up their security keys. They will lose the device They will not have the proper encryption.  Look just use what I use It's called a stone book or a shield folio link in the description You write it down on a book. I've got three myself One is in a safety deposit other two are scattered about my different houses And that's what I have The binance executive also say that even when self custody funds are properly managed if a person passes away They don't have a way to give it to the next akin Custodians like binance can implement a standard operating procedure The binance executive clue that different solutions have different risk profiles and that is up to the user Decide what is best for them? I gotta tell you this last statement. He's 100 correct So if you have a will or a trust or something like that you can put that in there And hopefully people will figure it out. But I know The majority of you don't You don't have a will or a trust right now to do these things transfer over to the next people. But look I mean anybody can go any day. So what I want to do is I'm going to bring in a local attorney here Who deals with wills and trusts and he's going to come in here and hopefully do a Live session and we're going to answer some of your questions about how to do those wills How to do those trusts and move forward because I personally believe it's important that we plan now Instead of planning at the very end when something happens We you know walk across street hit by a bus something else that goes about and also I know it seems like a long way away But right now just remember that this bear market these bear markets are when everybody makes all their all their money It's not the in the bull market. It's not like when you're buying Solana at $200 plus. It's when you're buying that at $10 or whatever else it is not when you're buying Cardano at almost three dollars. It's when you're buying cardano at six seven eight cents That's what I didn't set in 2017 or 18. Excuse me worked out pretty well So think about these things think about the here and now and go from there and lastly just to Talk about a little FTX news FTX Was caught depositing eight billion dollars of customer money in the secret accounts So my wife Sent this to me this morning and she tells me right here. She goes. I told you that money is somewhere and someone's going to be very rich And uh, she's exactly correct So where did the money go? Well, it's been funneled all the twice And I moved to make sure the hedge fund assets were never sold off FTX began to have issues and engineers secretly changed software coding the fdx system The software would have sold all of Alameda research assets Just like any other companies that were owned in the case of FTX filing for bankruptcy That would have happened FTX exchange code was tweaked in the mid 2020s the mid 2020s to make sure all of the research was protected From an automatic sell off of assets that the hedge fund was living too much of borrowed money There were two ways that bankman-free diverted funds one Was the exemption from auto liquidation in the software code allowed Alameda to constantly increase the final credit Most of us know about this this eventually grew to tens of billions of dollars Becoming an effect limitless the second way it's most important diverted funds was through the eight billion dollars In traditional money that was sent to secret Alameda controlled bank accounts that meant Alameda had no liability Because the accounts were never listed on the fdx exchange, which again makes me very leery about these audits that are coming about So right now you can see that there is funds and they are in different bank accounts And the question is when do we get that money back? So that is it for today. So look if you like today's video, give it a thumbs up consider subscribe A lot of things talk about our time sensitive that is it for today. Thanks so much for stopping by appreciate you We'll see you in the next videos