The next item of business is a member's business debate on motion 2049 in the name of Marie Todd on Scotland's climate targets. The debate will be concluded without any questions. Would those members who wish to speak in the debate please press the request to speak buttons as soon as possible? I call on Marie Todd to open the debate up to seven minutes, please, Ms Todd. Thank you, Presiding Officer. This is the first time I've had an opportunity to open a member's business debate since being elected in May. Climate change is one of the defining issues of our age. Although there may still be some doubters, the vast majority agree with the science. Just this morning, one of my staff texted me to say, it's the middle of December, it's 12 degrees in Shetland, I rest my case on climate change. This subject is a priority for me and it's vital to communities across the region that I represent. There are few nations that could claim to have embraced renewable energy with as much enthusiasm and success as Scotland. The Highlands and Islands, which I represent, is a rich source of renewable energy potential. Our seas contain half the UK's tidal resource and a quarter of the tidal resource in Europe. They also contain about 10 per cent of Europe's total wave resource. We have it all. We have plenty of wind all year round on shore and off and long days of sunlight on those few days that the wind might not be blowing. Renewables are a major source of industrial work in the Highlands and a help to sustain economic growth and employment. Scotland has the potential to be a world leader in this industry and because of the ambition and commitment of the Scottish Government, we are well on the way to being one. In the last decade alone, the total output of renewable energy has more than doubled and more than half of Scotland's electricity needs now come from renewables. The Highlands and Islands are home to a number of leading projects in renewable energy. In Orkney, the world's largest tidal turbine began trials in August and in Shetland power was exported to the grid for the first time from a pair of tidal devices. The world's largest tidal streamer A project, Mage N, is in the Pentland Firth and Burredale Wind Farm in Shetland holds the world record for the highest capacity of a wind farm. Making full use of our abundant natural resources will boost the region but good stewardship will also be vital. We live in a stunningly beautiful part of the country with abundant wildlife so of course we need to be careful and assess the impact of harnessing these assets with care and good science, we can do that. We all agree that a step change in our ability to generate low-carbon electricity is required and large-scale projects like the Beatrice Wind Farm in the Murray Firth will generate jobs at Nigg and boost the economy as well as contributing to that step change. Make no mistake, the greatest threat to our wildlife today is climate change. It's climate change which threatens our wildlife, not renewable projects, which is why the charities who commissioned this report are so supportive of renewable energy development. In terms of moving beyond renewable electricity, the Highlands and Islands have some really exciting projects in heat generation and in energy storage. In Shetland, star renewables is investing in renewable heat energy with loan funding from the Scottish Government. They are developing plans to add a large-scale seawater source, a heat pump, which will help to expand an existing district heating network. Thurso is home to the UK's largest lithium-ion cell manufacturing plant, AGM Batteries Ltd, with other Scottish partners that is creating the next generation of battery technologies for electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. In Orkney, a hydrogen project is using tidal and wind power to produce fuel for the local ferry fleet. In the first phase, a harbour-based fuel cell will provide overnight power to the inter-island ferries, replacing diesel generation. Of course, fuel poverty is such a significant issue in the Highlands and Islands. We have lots of organisations working on energy efficiency, including the Kyl of Sutherland Development Trust, which has been working with Scottish Gas in advising people on energy efficiency. Improving energy efficiency and decarbonising energy is particularly challenging in rural areas. Given the scale of the problem of fuel poverty in my region, it is absolutely essential that any Government policy does nothing to worsen the situation. Scottish Renewable businesses are exporting their innovations globally, working in more than 40 countries around the world, in every continent except Antarctica, which is something that we can all be really proud of. An example of that, again, from my constituency, is the European Marine Energy Centre-based in Orkney. It has just been called upon for development of a wave and tidal energy industry in Nagasaki in Japan. However, there is growing concern in the industry that, without enough support, it will start to fall behind other world leaders. Recently, I spoke with Gareth Davis, the managing director in Aquatera, an Orkney-based company, which has been involved in the creation of marine energy projects in the United States, Chile, Japan, Colombia, Peru and Indonesia, all from the Highlands and Islands. I am quoting Gareth directly. Having seen the UK give away its leadership and ownership of wind technology, we said that we would not repeat the same mistake again, yet the UK is setting itself on a pathway to do just the same with marine energy. The UK has learned so much, achieved so much and benefited so much, yet Canada, France and Southeast Asia, Japan and China are set to reap the longer-term benefits. They say that making a mistake once is forgivable. To do the same again is stupidity. Orkney companies have travelled to over 20 countries around the world in the last nine months, seeking out work and opportunities to keep their staff in Orkney employed into the future. This is a direct impact of the UK Government's failure to set a fair and reasonable CFD framework for marine energy and island wind. We cannot afford to give away our position of leadership in the marine energy industry. To sum up, I welcome this report. It is a really valuable contribution to the debate. I know that the Scottish Government is carrying out its own detailed research to assess how best to achieve carbon reduction targets at the lowest cost of the economy. I look forward to the publication of the draft energy strategy and climate change plan in January. The Scottish Government's record speaks for itself. Under the First Minister's leadership, I know that the ambition remains high. That is why we are already committed to introducing a new climate change bill with higher targets. Ambitious targets have helped to drive innovation in the past, and I want to see ambitious targets drive them into the future. Maurice Golden is followed by Claudia Beamish. I congratulate Marie Todd on securing the debate. Climate change is a great challenge of our times. It is a threat that affects us all. It is a fight that requires a global response. I am proud that Scotland is playing her part as ever. We are punching above our weight and we are seeing some progress for our efforts. Emissions have reduced down almost a half since 1990, allowing Scotland's annual target to be met for the first time, with significant progress in the electricity and waste sectors. Alongside that reduction has been the Scottish Renewables Revolution. Take 2014, for example. Low-carbon renewables accounted for almost 40 per cent of Scotland's electricity, the highest anywhere in the UK. Scotland led the rest of Britain by producing almost a third of its renewable energy. Last year, the figures continued to improve with more than half of Scotland's electricity consumption coming. That is to be welcomed. Those successes should be recognised, but much more remains to be done. With 2020 fast approaching, it is only right that we lift our gaze towards 2030. Looking towards the next decade, there is much for Scotland to contend with in moving towards a low-carbon economy. Transport emissions account for more than a quarter of all Scottish emissions, and the dial has barely moved since 1990 in reducing them. The good news is that the tools that there are for us to use are here. Urban consolidation hubs, electric vehicles, better public transport and cycle superhighways. We must get serious on transport emissions if we are to continue to meet our targets, affect positive change and see emissions fall further. How we heat our homes is another issue hovering on the horizon. Heating consumed more than half of Scotland's energy output in 2014, yet barely more than 5 per cent of heating consumption was met by renewables last year. It is not more warm words from all of us that we need to heat our homes, but efficient, low-carbon heating networks. I recognise the pioneering work of star renewables based in Thornelly Bank in the west of Scotland, the region that I represent. Underpinning much of that is the need to be more energy efficient. Simply put, the most environmentally friendly energy is the energy that is not used at all. Our struggle against climate change will be made all the easier by investment in upgrading our homes to at least an EPCC rating. This will also help the poorest in our society to get out of fuel poverty. That has been made but the task is far from finished. We must continue to make the case to protect our environment, create opportunities for businesses and allow Scotland the chance to lead the rest of the United Kingdom. Let's make that case, let's look to 2030 and let's put our words into action. For bringing this debate to the chamber and to Ricardo Energy and Environment, WWF Scotland, Friends of the Earth Scotland and RSPB Scotland for their collaborative work on the energy of Scotland report. The report does indeed echo Scottish Labour's 2016 manifesto promise, an aspiration to generate 50 per cent of electricity, heat and transport demand from renewables by 2030. If we meet this target, we will be contributing robustly to meeting the future climate change targets and the report gives guidance on how to do so in a just and cost optimal way. Our current trajectory suggests mis targets in the distant future. Policies are simply too timid and progress too slow for some sectors, for instance, heat. I am passionate about democratic ownership as a model for energy and I want to focus on two examples from my own region, then look to Europe and ask the minister a question at the end, I hope, if I get that far in four minutes. In my region of South Scotland and the ministers as well, Gallow Water and the Mill Laid Society in the Scottish Borders are in the early stages of restoring sites in the Victorian Gallow Shields Water laids to generate electricity through low-head hydro technology. The project will develop a wealth of benefits to the town, including opportunities for community shares, connecting the community with energy generation and reinvigorating that part of the town's history. It would be a great trailblazer for other laids investing in hydro in Scotland. Another positive story from the community and renewable energy scheme can be found in Estelle Muir. The Upper Estelle development group is a community organisation working on regenerating the village primary school, installing high quality insulation, air source heat pumps, installing hut and also a solar PV installation kit. The emissions savings over 15 years will earn the group £2,500 a year, as well as a significant amount of COT to savings, a win-win situation. Last year, last week rather, time moves too fast, last week I attended a conference in Brussels focusing on just transition to the low-carbon economy. Of course, the development of transferable skills and the paying conditions of workers in the burgeoning renewable sector is part of this fairway forward. Another aspect of a just transition is fairness for communities. The Scottish Government and councils such as Edinburgh have supported community and co-operative ownership and involvement in sustainable energy through funding and advice. On the European mainland, that is sometimes termed energy democracy. There are many different models of community involvement, some more participatory than others. In Helsinki, the municipality has Finland's largest solar power plant hosted on the roof of a ski hall, whatever that is, and local residents can, I quote, order their own designated panels so that they can benefit from solar energy without having to make large investments. The mayor of the Pamplona city council states, I believe that people and communities should have the right to control their energy future, and he argues for more social justice and imploring people to be more than passive consumers. Can I ask the minister to tell the chamber in his closing remarks what research gathering capacity the Scottish Government has to collect and analyse information from Europe and beyond as we develop our own vision for an energy strategy, which is as inclusive as possible? Stuart Stevenson, followed by Mark Ruskell. Presiding Officer, may I start by wishing you a happy birthday? Thank you, Mary Todd, for securing this debate. It is always as well to get credit in with the Presiding Officer. It is just one of the rules in this place. I find myself agreeing with every single word that Maurice Golden said. I think that it was a very worthwhile contribution. I just gently encourage him and his Conservative colleagues, perhaps, in the light of that agreement, perhaps, to consider signing the motion from time to time, even if there is an SNP name on it. That is a political point, not particularly to be stressed. The key point is that the report that is the subject of today's debate makes a lot of critical points, critical to our economy, to renewable energy and fundamentally to climate change. Members will of course know of my personal engagement as the Minister for Climate Change who took the bill through in 2009. It is a very challenging bill, and it is fair to acknowledge that one of the areas that has already been a subject of debate is one of the areas where the challenge is greatest. That is heat, renewable heat. It is proving fundamentally more difficult than I think we imagined in 2009. That does not mean that we should ignore it because it is difficult. On the contrary, it is the difficult things to which we must now turn our attention. We do so based on the successes that we have had in other areas. Transport remains difficult, I absolutely accept.  When I was minister, I went to the eco congregations meeting. It was in a rural area. We had people from all over Scotland who were enthusiasts for making groups, faith groups more ecologically friendly. I found a ready ear for the things that I had to say, and then I made the mistake of saying those of us, like myself, who live in a rural area, perhaps in transport. One of the things that we might think about doing is just co-ordinating with our neighbours our visits to the local towns to do our shopping. I can only describe what happened as all hairys broke loose. I used the word carefully, Presiding Officer, because it turned out that even in the most enthusiastic climate change adopters, to some extent, was for everyone else to do, not for them. I think that that is the big challenge. The challenge lies with the people and our persuading people to new ways of working. The UK has been doing reasonably well in the rankings, although it is going a little bit backwards at the moment. Scotland is a seventh-hundredth of the world's emissions, and it is broadly recognised as being one of the leaders, albeit that there are other areas of the world where, in certain respects, they are doing better to us. The leadership that we have displayed is being challenged by some of the policies on renewable energy from the UK, but I have hopes. I think that there is economic benefit from addressing climate change. We create new jobs. We reduce our long-term costs because, after all, the raw material for renewable energy is all but free once you have made the capital investment. I think that those are all things that we can all look at and hope that we can move forward on. For Scotland, of course, we have engineering skills, particularly in relation to offshore installations, that we can leverage across from our oil and gas industries into new offshore renewable energies. The first mover advantage is still there for us to grasp. I hope that this debate is a useful contribution, just as the paper that we are discussing today and the work of WWF Friendsworth has made a very excellent contribution to the issue of climate change. I look forward to listening to my colleagues' contributions. The Presiding Officer once again has a happy birthday. I have Mark Ruskell to be followed by Ruth Maguire. I associate myself with the celebratory remarks from Stuart Stevenson. I am not going to sing happy birthday to you, perhaps in this chamber later. I can also declare an interest as a sterling councillor. It is the second time in two weeks that we have debated the future direction of our energy policy and the importance of an all-energy target that encompasses heat, transport and electricity. There is a lot to unpack in this debate ahead of the launch of the energy strategy and the revised climate programme early next year. I thank Marie Todd for giving us all some welcome extra space to do that. I very much welcome the Energy of Scotland report produced by the environmental NGOs. I think that it reinforces the separate work conducted by Scottish renewables earlier this year, which also concluded that an all-energy target of 50 per cent by 2030 was a desirable yet achievable stretch target. Setting such a target would provide confidence and certainty in the way that our early targets on renewable electricity did for industry. Targets on their own are not enough, and I accept the points raised by the minister in last week's debate that researchers require surrounding the implementation of such a target. I hope that, with the final touches being made to the energy strategy, we will be nearing the end of that process rather than being stuck at the beginning. There is, of course, an element of chicken and egg. Set a target and innovation research development will flow, provided that there is the right regulatory planning fiscal regimes to underpin it. Do not set a target and the direction of travel is too uncertain for investment. We have a fantastic research base in Scotland and I pay tribute to organisations such as SMRU, Consulting and St Andrews, who have developed over many years a strong reputation globally for high quality marine mammal research. It is the work of organisations such as SMRU that can unlock barriers to progress and allow ambitious targets to take off. I think that, especially within the marine sector, which Marie Todd has already pointed out, is a vitally important sector that we do not lose the lead over. We should also recognise that innovation and research can also take place at the community level. I think that Claudia Beamish has already mentioned some excellent examples from the south of Scotland. There are some great examples of projects and approaches that have been developed over the last decade and I would like to pay tribute to Fintree Development Trust in my own region. Their work trailblazing, one of the first joint ventures between a wind farm developer and a community, was a long and at times a painful journey but its success has inspired many other community renewables groups around Scotland. Fintree has grown into a local energy system laboratory over the years, using the profits earned from the wind on the hill to reinvest in energy efficiency advice and renewable installations in the home. In fact, if you look at the weekly planning schedules for Stirling Council, as I do most weeks, there are fresh applications for air source heat pumps and biomass boilers and everything else every single week. The roll-outs of those embedded renewables in homes and businesses has been phenomenal but they have now gone a lot further piloting an electric car club, bringing a biomass fuel district heating scheme to a residential caravan park and developing one of the first schemes in the UK that will take electricity produced by ADA to small dairy and sell it directly to consumers under a local tariff. So grid constraints, financial constraints, fuel poverty and the need to build social capital in our communities can all be strong drivers towards the local energy systems of the future. I hope that the forthcoming energy strategy will recognise the huge potential of the role of social enterprises in delivering much more than just heat and light to consumers. Absolutely the point raised by Claudia Beamish, we need an energy democracy, an energy energy vendor, as they say, in Germany. How the utilities in off-gem can learn from these non-traditional business models will be important as we move towards a more decentralised and embedded energy system. We also need to consider how de-risking the development process for communities and allowing them greater access to assets such as land can help them to get a foothold in the energy marketplace. Presiding Officer, off-gen, we've already visited Finchry on a number of occasions and I'd like to conclude by inviting the minister to join me on a visit when time allows to see the multiple joined up approaches and benefits. There's also a community-owned pub. Rhythmic wire to be followed by Liam McArthur. I'd like to begin by congratulating my colleague, Mary Todd, on bringing her first members' debate on the very important subject of Scotland's climate change targets to the chamber. Like colleagues, I would also like to welcome the report by WWF Scotland, Friends of the Earth Scotland and RSPB Scotland, and its motivating findings about the potential of our renewable energy resources. As we all know, Scotland has been blessed with fantastic renewable energy potential, home, for example, to around a quarter of Europe's offshore wind resource. Not only that, but we've made tremendous strides in harnessing it, establishing our nation as an international example, indeed an inspiration when it comes to renewable energy. This year, for the first time ever, wind turbines in Scotland generated more electricity than we used in the whole of the nation on a single day. On the whole, Scotland now generates over half of its total electricity use from renewables, a 14 per cent increase on 2014 and representing 26 per cent of the total UK renewable energy that was generated in 2015. Neither is Scotland's prowess in renewables limited to those shores. Recent research has set out how a renewable energy expertise is in demand around the world, with Scottish businesses working in more than 40 countries and in every continent bar Antarctica. Wind Hoist, a crane company based in my constituency in Irvine, has installed more than 4,800 wind turbines across the globe, from South Africa and Morocco to Australia and Belgium. Leading by example at home and sharing expertise abroad, our renewable riches allow us to contribute to tackling climate change on a global scale. In addition, our renewables industry provides a valuable source of economic strength and employment. We've heard how figures from the ONS show that low-carbon industries and their supply chains in Scotland generated a turnover of almost £11 billion in 2014 and supported 43,500 jobs. My constituency of Cunningham South is home to renewable energy specialist Pronto Port, whose supply consultancy, engineering support and maintenance to wind farms across the UK. It consistently achieves turnover in excess of £2 million and employs 45 full-time staff. Pronto Port also run a world-class training academy in Irvine, which I recently had the pleasure to visit, and where I saw first-hand their expert training provision in practice. Clearly, great strides have been made and our approach to capitalising on Scotland's renewable energy must continue to be ambitious. The target to meet 100 per cent of our electricity needs from renewables by 2020 fits that bill, as does our shared resolve across most of the chamber to focus efforts on finding ways to convert our heat and transport energy supply to renewables over the years ahead. The suggestion of the report that Scotland has the capacity to produce 50 per cent of all energy from renewables by 2030 is an aspirational one, and we should always set our sights high. Ambition, however, must be matched by due diligence, by careful consideration of any unintended drawbacks for our plans and ambitions in other areas, in particular ensuring access to affordable energy and tackling the blight of fuel poverty, an issue that we recently debated here and whose severity was recognised across the chamber. I support the comments of the minister that the Government will not set any new targets until it has carried out the necessary research that will underpin them, and given consideration to the potential consequences that our climate change targets have for other important areas. At the same time, I welcome the minister's indication that close consideration of the report will inform the development of future targets, and I look forward to reading the draft strategy in the early new year. Not just securing the debate but choosing the subject for her inaugural members' debate is, as she said, very much at the heart of what the Hannies and Islands region is all about. I also congratulate WWF and the other NGOs involved in the preparation of the report, which again, as Mark Ruskell said, echoes some of the findings of the Scottish Renewables report earlier in the year. I think that 50 per cent target for energy from renewables by 2030 is achievable. I can understand why the Scottish Government feels the need to go through the due diligence, but we are approaching the point where I think we will need to see the Government show its hand. I think that I would urge them to be ambitious in this area.  An expectant public was denied the benefit of my peroration. I was also chastised on social media for not necessarily emphasising the job opportunities arising from a commitment to renewables, particularly in relation to manufacturing and the export benefits that arise from that. I had a wholeheartedly accepted that point. The job creating opportunities from a more sustainable use of our resources is accepted by everyone. The Scottish Renewables report, ahead of this debate, points to those export opportunities. It points to EMEC and its involvement in projects in Japan. That is a reflection of the loss of activity and the reduced confidence that has arisen in recent times through some of the decisions that are taken at the UK level. I would certainly encourage the Scottish Government to step into the space in terms of encouraging innovation. Stewart Stevenson, again, was right in urging us to turn our attention to the difficult things, notably in heat and transport, where less progress has been made. The Homes Bill provides an opportunity for us to up our game on district heating and making good deficiencies in the private rented sector. As with not just the Homes Bill but the fuel poverty strategy, possibly even the climate change bill as well, I would reiterate my plea for a degree of flexibility in allowing local circumstances to be built into the solutions that are used to drive the achievement of the objectives that we set. On transport, I would note in passing, and again make a last minute plea to the minister to roll back from the commitment to reduce air passenger duty, but I would use the time left available to make a specific plea in relation to electric vehicles. This is, again, an area where Orkney can claim to having the highest number of electric vehicles per head of population anywhere in the country. I think that the ownership of EVs is going up largely because costs are coming down through technology advances, through the wider uptake, also through a burgeoning second hand market, which is bringing down capital costs too. The infrastructure is indeed more extensive, though I think more can be done. I think that I would pay credit to the Orkney Renewable Energy Forum and what they have done in terms of advising local authorities on the optimal siting of charge points. It is to the issue of repair and maintenance that we urgently need to turn our attention. The infrastructure is in place, but it is no use if it does not work. Too often we are finding people turning up to these charge points only to find them out of order, sometimes for days, often for weeks. The problem is that councils, manufacturers and operators charge their cars all appointing the finger of blame at each other. Is there a cost recovery mechanism that would allow the charge points to be more reliably in working conditions? It is something that we expect of petrol stations. We would not accept that we are petrol stations to be out of order for days or weeks. We cannot afford that to happen for electric vehicle charge points. In conclusion, we have done excellent work in the field of electricity. That is widely acknowledged. We can do more, but it is in the area of heat and transport that we need to focus our attention. The role of this Parliament is to keep the Government's feet to the fire on what I think is a shared ambition. Ivan McKee to be followed by Finlay Carson. Before I start, I would like to remind the Parliament of my role as the parliamentary liaison officer to the Cabinet Secretary for Economy, Jobs and Fair Work. I also want to thank Mary Todd for bringing this important debate to the Parliament. Scotland, as we have recognised, has made tremendous progress in greening our energy supply over recent years. In 1996, only 8 per cent of our electricity supply came from renewables, whereas last year, a total of 22 gigawatt hours, 57 per cent of our electricity supply came from renewables. Scotland currently supplies 26 per cent of the UK's renewable energy, making a significant contribution to the UK's overall climate change targets. The renewable industry, as has been identified, already supports 43,500 jobs in Scotland, and companies in the sector generate almost £11 billion in turnover. Scotland makes good use of its significant natural renewable resources onshore, wind-offshore, wind-pump, hydro and working to develop new technologies in wave and tidal, with a total installed capacity at the moment of 8 gigawatts, but the potential to deliver several times that number. As a consequence, Scotland has exceeded its climate change commitments, reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the 1990 baseline level of 77 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent to current levels of 46 million tonnes, and Scotland's performance has been widely recognised and applauded internationally. The challenge to achieve 50 per cent of electricity from renewables has been exceeded, and the next task to reach 100 per cent of electricity from renewables is, within our sites, the significant quantity of on-and-offshore, wind-generation consented 1 gigawatt of their pumped hydro capacity ready to go, waiting only on the UK Government to provide a route to market. We're well on our way to the next milestone. Beyond that, the challenges to green the rest of energy and mix in transport and heat are more difficult. Together, those account for three quarters of our total energy demand. In this report, renewable energy in Scotland in 2030 from the WWF, the RSPB Friends of the Earth and Ricardo energy and environment gives us confidence in the past to follow to meet this challenge. The challenge ahead would require a number of technological, economic, cultural and political barriers to be overcome. In this report, it makes a significant contribution to the debate around how best to proceed. It portrays a vision of what Scotland's energy supply would look like by 2030. The growth in energy generation from renewables will continue, and by 2030, perhaps 140 per cent of electricity supply coming from renewables, enabling Scotland to export this resource. It is still in an extra 8 gigawatt of renewable capacity, supporting an extra 14,000 jobs. The cost of renewable generation continues to fall through economies of scale and technological advances. Low-mission vehicles will become the norm, with the proliferation of electric vehicles, both for public and private transport, in the drop in petrol and diesel use, also delivering significant health benefits. Heat provides the most challenging target and the biggest prize, more than half of energy consumption in Scotland generated by heat. Use of heat-pump technology, for example, like that developed, manufactured and exported by star renewables, already mentioned earlier by Maurice Golden, will become the norm. Heat homes and businesses, aided by an on-going programme of energy efficiency measures driving a demand reduction of 20 per cent, is anticipated that 40 per cent of energy for heat could come from renewable sources by 2030. All those aspects of energy policy will feed into the Scottish Government's energy strategy, allowing closely with the Government's forthcoming climate change strategy, pointing the way forward for renewable energy use and for the boost of our economy from Scotland becoming a leader in the design, manufacture and export of these technologies. Just before you begin, Mr Carson, I know that we are all very keen to hear Mr Carson and the minister in this debate, but we are running out of time. I am minded to accept a motion without notice under rule 8.14.3, which allows us to extend the debate by up to 32 minutes, which you do not require to use. I invite Marie Todd to move a motion without notice. Many happy returns, Deputy Presiding Officer. I would also like to congratulate Marie Todd on securing the debate this afternoon and thank WWF Scotland, Friends of the Earth Scotland and RSPB for their report, which has been referred to in today's motion. Back in June 2009, the Parliament passed the Climate Change Scotland Bill with support from across the chamber. The legislation was held as world leading and demonstrated the Scottish Parliament's willingness to step up to the plate and show leadership by signing up to this ambitious target. I knew that I should not have extended all that time, Mr Stevenson. No, it really just would be appropriate in the light of the remarks that are being made to recognise the leading role that our late friend, Alex Johnson, played from the Conservative benches in that particular bill. I think that it would be appropriate to recognise that, Presiding Officer. I appreciate that intervention. Looking forward, as the report in question today does, there is still a lot more work to be done. As was said when the legislation was going through Parliament, the challenge would not be passing the bill but rather implementing it. One area that the report focused on is heat, and it rightly states that the renewal of Scotland's heat infrastructure will help tackle fuel poverty by bringing down heating costs. Fuel poverty is a major issue, the effects of which are profound. At the moment, fuel poverty is defined as having to spend more than 10 per cent of your household income on fuel. In order to address this, the Scottish Government aimed to eradicate fuel poverty by November 2016, which was last month. While I commend the Government's ambition, it is probably unlikely that the target will not be met just as it wasn't met in 2015. Although there is a welcome decline of 4 per cent, over 30 per cent of the households were still fuel poor and over 8 per cent were living in extreme fuel poverty. Those figures should all startle us, and although the causes of fuel poverty are varied and not always under our control, we are not powerless to act. At the election back in May, the Scottish Conservatives pledged to introduce a clear target to achieve a transformative change in energy efficiency across Scotland, with all properties achieving an EPCC rating or above by the end of the next decade at the latest. In Scotland today, a warm home should not be a luxury. People need help on how to make their homes warmer and get advice as to whether they are able to benefit from help with insulation or other efficiency measures, and they should get in touch with the home energy Scotland hotline to do that. Another area that the report focuses on is transport, and I would like to briefly touch on that. The report states that Scotland's low-carbon transport sector needs to move up a gear to hit climate targets. According to a Scottish Government publication looking at Scottish greenhouse gas emissions in 2014, domestic transport accounted for 22.8 per cent of all emissions. The Committee on Climate Change suggested that there had been little progress on reducing emissions from transport, and I accept that much of that is due to improved vehicle efficiency being offset by increased demand for travel as the economy has grown and fuel prices have fallen. However, once again, more needs to be done to correct the lack of progress. Deputy Presiding Officer, there is much more to discuss when it comes to climate change, and I look forward along with my colleagues in participating in other debates on that topic. The Scottish Parliament passed world-leading legislation in 2009, and we all have a duty to do our bit to make sure that we meet those targets set out in the bill. As Liam Kerr touched on, research and development and innovation is going to play a large part of it. The mix of energy sources, whether that is wind or hydro, will play a big part. I am delighted and I welcome the fact that kite power systems at West Frug down in the south-west have secured an additional £5 million worth of funding from Eon, Shlernumberg and Shell Technologies to develop their test and research facilities looking into kite. They have already secured planning consent to deploy a 500 kilowatt power station, and the additional funding will lead to multiple 500 kilowatt systems in the next three or four years, with a three megawatt onshore system and an offshore system in the future. As the report states, there is no room for complacency on the subject, and in order to achieve our targets will require bold policies, strong leadership and concerted action, and I look forward to being part of that. I know that you have a strong interest in the subject here as well, so it is very appropriate that you are here today. I want to congratulate, as others have done, Marie Todd on bringing forward an excellent first member's business subject. It is one that is obviously very topical, and indeed, if Marie Todd's first speech as an opening on a member's debate is anything to go by, we are looking forward to very good quality debates that she will bring to this chamber in the future. I am glad that there have been so many valuable and thoughtful and positive contributions from right across the chamber today. We would actually want to note, as I think Stuart Stevenson and others have done, that it is very welcome to see such positive contributions from the Conservatives as well. We have a real alliance in this chamber on renewables, so that is a very positive thing. As others have pointed out, Mark Ruskell, after the debate that we had last week, I think that it is good to have the subject in our minds as we come forward towards the draft energy strategy in the new year. I welcome the debate that is based around the work, as others have said, of WWF, Friends of the Earth, RSPB and Ricardo that we have discussed today, because it makes a very strong and valued contribution to the debate around Scotland's energy future. Our manifesto suggested that we would give the 50 per cent target careful consideration. I can promise that we are giving that careful consideration. We are developing the draft strategy. Members may not be surprised to understand that there is still a good bit of work to go. I am sure that Stuart Stevenson will understand from his previous role that the last few weeks are often the very intensive period when we are doing a lot of work, but we are working very hard on delivery of the draft energy strategy. I am grateful for members' support from across the chamber last week for our continued commitment to the renewable energy sector. Members have raised some very valid points, so I will touch on a few of them as I do just now. Claudia Beamish talked about energy democracy, which is a very interesting contribution to the debate. She asked about what we are doing to gather information from around the world. We have access to climate exchange, a consortium of Scottish universities to provide us with research support. They are monitoring development of local and community energy projects for social and economic benefits around the world. They have and can draw on experience from outside the UK in doing so. We are also funding Friends of the Earth Scotland to link with and promote community-shared ownership experience across Europe as well. We are not blind to the fact that there may be good practice out there in the rest of the world. We can learn from and take forward in our approach in Scotland. Maurice Golden talked about heat, and Finlay Carson finished on that subject. I will come back to that shortly. 54 per cent of energy consumption is in the form of heat, so it is right to highlight the importance of progress there and transport as well. We do accept that there is more needs to be done if we are going to achieve our climate change targets beyond 2020. I want to also pay tribute to Stuart Stevenson because he was—I do not have many opportunities to do so, but I think today particularly because the minister who took the legislation to the Parliament, I was incredibly pride when I was his successor to be able to speak about the achievement that Stuart and the team across the chamber had in having a universally supported piece of legislation, which is so unusual in a global context and in taking on such an important global challenge. Mark Ruskell invited me to visit Finlay. I would be more than happy to do so. I am very aware of the very good work that is being done by the Finlay development trust, but I am keen to see for myself exactly the impact that it is having. I am very interesting to hear about the embedded renewable technology that he is seeing in his planning documents coming through Stirling Council, so that is useful to know. Ruth Maguire talked about the important local business, wind hoist, and the work that they are doing across the globe to install turbines. I am certainly keen to learn more about the business, because the more I learn about important local businesses in areas such as Curvan, which are involved with renewables, I can push that message to developers who are looking to invest in Scotland and further afield. Liam McArthur raised an important point about the condition of the technology that we have invested in the implementation of our strategy on EV roll-out. I clearly would like to find out more information about the condition of the equipment in Orkney and see if anything can be done to do that. Just to be clear, the infrastructure in Orkney tends to be reasonably well maintained. The problem is often on routes such as the A9, where people are travelling large distances and are very much dependent on their being a rapid charge and functioning at the point at which they need it. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Thank you, Liam McArthur, for that clarification. It will be very helpful in terms of fine-tuning the approach that I would take. I would just highlight for members' benefit that this is in the context of our current review of the switch on Scotland, which is the road map that was developed jointly with industry on the adoption of plug-in vehicles. As has been well documented, Scotland's renewable energy industry is a UK success story, but it is also an area where Scotland has always shown great leadership. I welcome the acknowledgement from Maurice Golden of that. Scotland met, as members have said, 57 per cent of our electricity needs from renewables in 2015. As Ruth Maguire highlighted, in 2014, the low-carbon and renewable energy economy supported 43,500 jobs, accounting for 9.7 per cent of the total UK employment in the sector, which is higher than our population share, but is not high enough. The point about focusing on jobs is that we need to tie that in with our emerging industrial policy and manufacturing action plan to make sure that we capitalise on the opportunities such as, I hope to see, as I am sure members do, the roll-out of all the phases of the major end project. I would like to see us work with Atlantis and see if there are opportunities to manufacture turbines in Scotland and, indeed, other developments as they happen here as well. As members have pointed out, £10.7 billion in turnover is a significant contribution to our economy, and last year we did see the largest increase in renewable heat output since measurement began. I acknowledge the scale of the challenge that we have to deliver on our targets, but we should welcome the progress that we have made in recent years. It is up from 3.8 per cent in 2014 to 5.6 in 2015, so quite a large jump in the context of the challenge that we face. As Ivan McKee stated, total Scottish renewable generation makes up approximately 26 per cent of total UK renewables at this moment in time. Renewable electricity projects are estimated to have displaced over 13 million tonnes of carbon dioxide across the UK in 2015. Perhaps once a niche industry is now very much mainstream and providing very much valued jobs across the UK, but, specifically in Scotland, we are keen to see that do more. The Scottish Government's targets, which are being referred to by members, are consistently supportive of renewable energy. Both those approaches of having ambitious targets and consistent support have been important factors in the success of the industry. We also made a clear statement of political will last week, as well as a chamber, in showing our support for the technology that we are referring to. WWF, Scottish renewables and all the organisations calling for an increased level of ambition for renewables have recognised and welcomed the leadership and ambition that is shown by this Parliament as well as the Scottish Government. I want to acknowledge the role of Parliament, and that will, hopefully, continue as will the strongly collaborative approach to developing policies to achieve our shared objective of making the most of Scotland's renewables. As we prepare our energy strategy, we are looking closely to work closely with RSPB, WWF, Friends of the Earth and, indeed, specialist such as Ricardo, because there is much that we can agree on. We are making energy efficiency a very strong priority in that document, as you will see in due course. Certainly putting a lot of weight behind CEP, a co-ordinated programme to improve the energy efficiency of homes and buildings, and not just in the domestic sector but non-domestic buildings as well, Presiding Officer. I do agree with Maurice Golden about the issue of low-carbon heat. I am conscious of the time, so I will keep that brief, but we have seen a very large increase in the number of accreditations. As of the end of October 2016, there have been 10,703 accreditations for the RHI in Scotland, a 21 per cent share of UK-wide uptake, so well above our pro-Rata share, so that is very encouraging as well. I will come to an end, Presiding Officer. I think that everyone is desperate to get away, but we probably have Christmas parties and things to go to. I know that my colleagues have, but I am currently leading this Government work on the energy strategy. I look forward to working with all members of the chamber who bring positivity to that challenge, and I very much welcome again today's debate. I thank Marie Todd for bringing it to the chamber, and I thank all members for their very positive remarks, because together we can achieve great things for our renewable sector in Scotland.


Yeah, it seems to be a really big problem nowadays. Even for other neurodiverse people like ADHD or dyspraxia or, you know, a whole host of different people. They seem to, like the education system seems to be very rigid in their approach. Well, it's very verbal oriented. Yeah, because I worked with people that were designing entire big beef plants and other things. I'm going to estimate about 20% of the people that I've worked with that can build anything, whether autistic, dyslexic or ADHD. And the problem is industry needs them. I talked to a lady yesterday, just a couple of days ago, Gerber Baby Food Factory, and they have problems of finding people to fix equipment. We've got the same problem in the meat industry right now. The people I work with have already retired.


Okay, thanks a lot for the invitation. My name is Matias Martinez. I work in the University of the France That's quite near from here from Belgium and I will present a collaboration so and I will present a collaboration that we have Done with Martin Montero's maybe you know Martin Montero's He's working on automatic software repair as me. He was working with me at the University of Lille So today the goal is to present ASTOR. ASTOR is a library or a framework for Building automatic software repair approaches. Okay So the goal of this talk is to introduce automatic software repair and also present ASTOR So what is ASTOR? ASTOR is a framework for building automatic software repair approaches Actually, it provides some routines that the developer can't Reduce and also provides the implementation of five repair approaches that are already implemented and are already ready for use So how come we use ASTOR? ASTOR was used up to now for let's say the world of academic world researchers from different universities that they use ASTOR for creating new repair approaches or For extending those that are already provided But also was used for some software practitioners Which use ASTOR for instance for creating software boots. One of those examples is Repanator is here The reference that was created for Simon Sugli that was here And it was them so you can discuss with him that was a software boots that propose pull request with backfixes So the reason for today is to introduce Automated software repair the domain then to introduce ASTOR Extensions that can we done on some experiments So what is automatic software repair? so basically is So imagine that we have a program that is here. I call P that has a bug So the idea is to take our approach Let's say right now approach. I will not mention details of what is this approach That takes identification of the program specification of P. Also, we can call it Coronets Oracle and the idea is to create a version P that is That his behavior is acceptable with respect with the specification or with the Oracle coordinates Oracle Additionally, this approach can Consume in addition to the source code and the specification some artifacts for instance bug repair reports Traces, etc So in this call, I will discuss or I will mention two kind of approaches for automotive software pair the first of them are The test suites repair approaches that they use test cases as Oracle as a specification So what is the idea? Imagine that we have the program P The specification will be the test case. So that means that we have One fill in this case that means that the program is buggy, okay However, if we have all the test cases that pass that means that the program is okay It's valid. It's valid. We respect with the specification. That means we respect with the test cases So that's the idea. So the idea of this approach is to turn The behavior of to change the behavior of the program with the goal of passing all the test case, okay So on the second family of repair approach that I will mention today is The family of generate and validate approach. So the idea is to generate a candidate patch to validate and to see and to see the result that means in this case whether it pass all the test cases If the result is not success So it generates another patch Until it find a candidate patch that pass all the test cases so They were present a lot of approaches From this family the sweet base repair approaches during the last 10 years but the problem was that those approach was presented in academia so and Prototypes The code source were not always available or in some cases there are we're available, but for Given languages, okay So our idea was to create a platform for Shaba that means written in Shaba and for repair Shaba code. Our idea was to implement the state-of-the-art repair approach And also to provide some extension point to create new repair approaches So we create after That the name came from automatic software transformation for repair. Okay After is available in github is quite easy to use So basically here I put an example of the command Here we have an argument that is mode and here we specify the name of the repair approach that we want to execute For instance here we present three Shades and procs a cali and shame with I will explain our do a small summary of them for Then we say okay mode here the repair Approach that we want to run the location of the of the application that we want to repair. Where is the source code? The dependencies of this project that we want to repair and the output Which other the repair approaches that we have implemented? So the first one is shampoo with one of the most Sighted paper in the field of Autonomous of repair the idea is that Shemp rocks create patches By inserting replacing and remove statements. It works a little level of statements Then another River approach that we have implemented is shame to repair is a very simple approach That basically it mutates operators for instance from here from a greater than B It mutates to a creating an equals to be very easy very simple repair operators And she call it that the goal is to remove code Okay, remove statements. It adds return a statement replace if expression, etc This is the summary of some of the approaches that we have implemented and are already include in Astor We have developed also new repair approaches for instance cardouments that here the goal is to replace expressions that by mining template that we create by By analyzing the source code that creates new instances And the repair there is an extension of Astor For temporary that use similarity to the code for creating new patches. So Here you have the URL to clone Astor here one example as I mentioned before the mode the location the dependencies You can also specify the failing test case. We need at least one failing test case The idea after is to transform the behavior of the program With the goal of that this telling the case pass, but also It's tried to keep the behavior that is correct. That means the test cases that are not failing That continues passing All the test cases and there are a lot of arguments for instance max time. There is a time that We give Astor to find To search a solution So what is the output we provide three outputs The first one the standard outputs that show here a lot of information For instance here is one identifier of the solution and the patch Then we provide a standard An output in JSON format. Okay the same information and also in the file system. We write The patches format the patched version of the program of the fight that was modifier and the patch That you can apply them Into your program. So how does it work? So the inputs of Astor are the buggy program and the Oracle the Oracle in this case are the test cases So the first thing that Astor does is to compute the Suspicion is of components. That means that for each statement of the program It computes or it puts the probability to that this statement is has a failure. Okay It's a number from zero to one and it's the it computes the probability by running the test cases and I'm measuring whether how many of them How many of fell in this case cover the the line Then it creates a program representation That means here we call to program variants a modification point. We'll see later So while they're given a mode of time It selects one suspicious one suspicious line, okay We call it modification point Then we select an operator We apply the generate to apply the repair operator to the statement to generate a patch and Then we validate the patch that means to execute all the test cases So after we end this loop if we find some solutions we sort the solutions according to some criteria So every step can be Customized that means that we can overwrite the behavior the full behavior of one repair approach so This is the list of extension points You can see that here each extension points Can be executed in one step of the workflow for instance here the full localization we can plug in a new implementation the full localization Here in the program representation we can say okay instead of working at the level of Statements we can work at the level of expressions Then here we can say okay. We have these new repair operators So this is the list of extensions that we provide for instance for localization. We have two implementations The list of operators that we provide etc. How how we use the extension points So it's quite easy. So imagine that we have this extension point that is full localization the full localization What it does is to put the probability of suspicion is on each modification point in each statement of the program So the idea is to we have an argument that is full localization And here we put the value in the event we have two approaches for full localization One is chase altar or the other is coconut spawn We simply choose the value But what happened if you want to create a new full localization approach? so Imagine that we create a new full localization approach that That's a new code must implement an interface that we provide And then we pass the name of the class that implement this interface that we have so in the documentation of after we provide for each modification point which is the argument to use in the command line and the interface to implement or after class that should be implemented for each modification point So I will detail three modification points One is the granularity of a modification point. So the modification point are all the places that a repair approach All this let's say all the place that the repair approach can modify Okay, imagine that we have this code that has a bag There are some approaches that work at the level of statements. That means that Each modification point will be one statement. Okay then the repair approach will Transform each modification bond that means in the case of statement, you will replace remove or add Another statement that means that the granularity of the that works a repair approach is a statement However, we can change this granularity To work at the final grind level for instance to work at the level of expression That means that in this case modification points are expression That means that instead of replacing one statement we can work and Replace a particular expression for instance in this case this method in vocation that is an expression expression expression sorry or this operator so See another example that say okay instead of working at the level of expression We want to work at the level of boolean expression. Okay, we want to modify only expression that which evaluation is boolean So that means that with this expression point we can work or we can choose which granularity we want to To work that means to which granularity we want to generate the patch Here we provide Three of four different implementation, but you can create more so then ones that we have choose the granularity That after does is to create From the program under repair the ST We use a spoon for that then we compute the The suspicion is of each line so actually the implementation of full localization of our use work at the level of start of lines So they put for each line of the code the suspicious units values Then we'd say okay given an ST. We are interested in of some only some subset of AST nodes, okay, that is according with the granularity of the modification point that we want imagine that we want To work at the level of statements We only choose the node that are statements or if we want to work at the level of boolean expression. We only choose the the node that are boolean expressions And then we create the modification point by combining the information for granularity and Suspicion is so finally once that we have the all the modification points, sorry We need to The repair operator that needs the operator that we will apply on each location So for that after Has an extension point to say okay, which are the operators that we provide We can reduce the operator that we have already in implement or we can create new ones so here also we have an argument that is Operator space that we can put the value of The operators in this case suppression means all the operator that removes code But also we can create new operators by Here we have the interface or sorry the after class with some methods one of them is It can be applied to point It will receive a modification point that means for instance a statement and return true or false whether This operator can be applied to this point and another method that we that must be implemented by an operator is given a modification point to create an instance of a list of operator instance that means a List with possible changes that can be done in this point Here the same if we have new operators in new classes we can pass in the repair operator arguments, okay, finally we have some extension point that are related with Ingredients so in that case for for instance here ingredient pool definition selection of ingredients What is the ingredient in this context? so after has two Kind of operators one is what we call autonomous operator That are used for instance for shemutation repair there are operators that don't need any information, okay? imagine that this if so we can apply a mutation in this operator in the greater And we have here different candidates However, we have another category that is ingredient based operator that means That this operator to synthesize the patch Need some information This information can be another piece of piece of code at template whatever For instance station pro has two ingredient base Operators at and replace that means we mentioned that we have an statement that we want to replace one statement We need another statement to be the replacement So imagine this case that we have this suspicious statement this assignment And we have an operator that from shem pro that say add a new statement after these suspicious So here the question is okay What the statement we should add so after has an ingredient pool which has all the candidate statement that can be inserted here Then it will be select one. Let's say random Let's say return M and create the new patch So this attention point allows to create different strategies for creating the ingredient pool so that means to create in this database of possible Ingredients possible that we will use to create the patch for selecting one of them and For transforming this ingredient for instance to replace the variables that are not on the scope Here we have implement For these Extension points strategies that are materialized in the deep repair approach basically here we have Implement one strategy to select the ingredients according to the similarity and another strategy for adapt an ingredient that has variables auto scope according to The semantic meaning of the identifiers so we have done several Evaluation of astor or the approach that are built of astor one of them was It's based on one that a set of bugs that the name is defective shape that has Different open source implement Approaches and sorry and Bugs Imagine that here each box or for instance for common lengths the data set has 65 bugs and on average they have 2000 Test cases that means that there are large applications I'm here Our approach will pair for instance in this experiment repair 33 bags out of 224 that means a 14 percent 14 percent sorry that means that this repair This dispatches that we are that we are able to generate Produce that all the test cases Pass okay, but it doesn't mean that the repair are correct. Why because There are some changes that produce that The all the failing test case pass Bar are not correct. And why are not correct because the specification is weak That means that is missing some input for validate The test the candidate Patch so the thing that we are working right now is to try to create new test cases to have more Test cases for validating over patches. So conclusions. So I Have present our repair Framework for for repair and Shaba code and is implemented in Shaba includes three repairs Algorithms that were presented by the research community We also provide some extension points for creating new approaches so the source code is available, so if you have any questions or Pack fix or improvement or collaborations. You don't hesitate to contact us. Okay Okay, thanks a lot Yes, so the question that he your name Yes Yes, actually yes, so His personal is that our approach is offline with coordinate me And then we instrument the code Okay, we run all the test cases. Okay that we have all the instrumented program and Using this information We compute the suspiciousness of each line of the program That is based on the coverage Of the test cases and based on this information of suspicion is we compute some Let's say suspicion is matrix to know to have an order of the list of suspicion is and then we apply repair operators over these Suspicious statements, so which sort of which function? Okay, so if he question is about the speed of patching so the time that That the approach is takes to find a patch so it will depend of the search space of the of the program for some patches the search space is quite small because the suspicion is Super space is small So for that it will take some minutes for others it takes around Hours hours So so either actually we run the experiments for two three four hours no more than that No, no, so the question if you have applied the question in C++ We haven't we haven't tried with another With another problem language so to repair another problem language But for instance for the approach that we have implemented shape shenprok the original Implementation is for repairing C code so that means that this approach is already implemented in C code


Welcome to Access a Trader, the number one community for those who are committed to taking control of their trading in order to achieve success, profitability, and longevity. Thank you for joining us. Here's Dan Shapiro to help you find your edge, master your process, and own your future. Welcome to another edition of theAxisTrader.com Nightly Rapid Show. It is Wednesday, happy hump day. Tomorrow starts Major League Baseball, one step closer to normal life, right? We hope. Anyway, guys, congratulations. You made it another day. Hope everybody had a good day of trading. Let's get into it. Let's look at the index. There's nothing really to kind of turn heads today. You saw, you know, 30 point move, 30 point and change move on the NASDAQ composite, the Dow up 156 points. And that's a good thing. Again, as my mom used to say all the time, no news is good news. When you look at the indexes right now, again, cues holding steady. They sold off a little bit this morning, held the five, held the 10 day. That's obviously bullish. When you look at, for example, the diamonds.  It had a really, really tight range for a couple of months propped out and now it's starting a new range. Obviously, the next leg up is going to be over this 27,600 area. So, but, but that's good, right? That's good. And in the meantime, what we're looking for is rotation. And, you know, I talked about it this morning in the live webinar morning strategy. And I said, I think there will be a lot of value today. I just don't think there will be a lot of value like we had yesterday. If you guys remember yesterday in the first, you know, 45 minutes, there was like six, seven pivots. It was like really aggressive rapid fire, rapid fire. Today was more that we had to wait for our value. Okay. At the end, there was some pretty good things that did happen. All eyes were obviously going to be on Tesla this afternoon, Microsoft, the Chipotle. They were all coming out with earnings. But again, the most important part is that the indexes didn't make noise and that's a good thing. Because again, when you have healthy rotation, for example, you go from tech to conglomerates, to consumer cyclicals, to anything, right? That's called a healthy market. When you have completely a wild card and swings in the market, market structure completely damaged, then you have a market that you don't want to trade. You have a market that you can't control. So this is very, very controllable. The only thing is day to day, depending what you are trading, okay? You're looking and your job is to find that value. And that was our job today. And if when you look at the names that we had pivots on today, yeah, absolutely. There was some pretty good pivots. And the video was my best trade of the day. But if you look at what we were looking for, it was an alternative. So as much as everybody wants the sexy, and again, tonight everybody is going to be, and including myself, I can't be left out. Everybody was watching Tesla. Even if you've never traded Tesla, everybody wanted to see what was going to happen. What was going to be the show that Elon Musk was ready to put on. And the attention was there, right? But again, in the market when you're trading, again, it's not about the sexy, okay? It's not about the sizzle, like I've been saying for years. The rich people, for example, in New York City, they don't live in Times Square where the fancy, you know, with the crazy lights are and the excitement and the shining stars, right? They live on the Upper East Side with the tree line blocks where it's very, very quiet on the Upper West Side. They live in Tribeca. They live in all the areas that are quiet that don't attract the tourists. When you look at Tesla, right, this is the ultimate, excuse me, this is the ultimate tourist stock. This is the ultimate lights camera action. I think somebody tweeted out that 450,000 Robin Hood accounts were long Tesla. Congratulations, you're all rich, right? But the moral of the story is, again, we're not going to waste our time with something that is all about the sizzle.  So you're looking for the meat. You're looking for the potatoes. You're looking for the vegetables. Okay, the last thing you're looking for is the neon lights that's doing nothing for you, just attracting your attention. And that's what Tesla is. And unfortunately, tomorrow a lot of traders are going to be attracted to the Tesla because, again, according to social media, it's either going to go to 2,500 tomorrow or it's going to go to 200, right? Again, this is according to social media. So there's going to be a lot of wild money being spent tomorrow. Okay, and a lot of people, again, that have no business to be in the stock in the first place are going to be putting their money either on red or on black, right? It's going to be roulette. And some traders, unfortunately, it's going to be Russian roulette. But the good news is, okay, there is a market right now that's incredibly aggressive and, quote, unquote, dare I say, it's pretty hot. Okay, so the value is not in Tesla tomorrow. Okay, the value is not in the stock that's going to have a 250-point range, especially for anybody who's been trading this, you know, trading less than three years. Again, the furthest thing you should be doing, the last thing you should be doing tomorrow is looking at Tesla. You're going to be taking away attention from other really good areas in the market. And while the market is still very, very user-friendly, I think that's the best way of saying it.  And again, if you look at the pivots today, you'll kind of see exactly what I'm talking about. Again, they weren't sexy. Okay, they weren't, to the exception of the video. The video was pretty sexy and had a really nice move. But if you look at the names we were in today, for example, I traded a stock SONO. I traded space on a dip. Not that space is not sexy, but again, it's not Tesla. It's not Netflix. It's not Amazon. So there was a lot of, you know, weird names that we were in today, but the moral of the story is, again, it's not about the shiny penny. Okay, it's not about being distracted by something else is going on. The grass is not always greener.  Again, it's all about the value. And the most important part is while this market is giving us the luxury that we could expand kind of our thought process in other areas where our stocks are not being highlighted, you have to seize the opportunity to identify those areas and not looking at Tesla from tomorrow from 9.30 in the morning to 4 o'clock, you know, with your popcorn, you know, discussing it in the water cooler. Again, it's counterproductive and you're going to waste another valuable day where you could be looking at other values. So going into tomorrow again, nothing really has changed here materialistically. The Q's, again, did a great job today holding rising support. Again, I don't think anybody even realized it, even tested rising support. That's how strong the tape was. S&P is getting close. Okay, S&P is getting close to breaking out of this whole channel here. Obviously, it's going to be tested tomorrow by Microsoft, right?  Okay, Intel, Microsoft, Cisco, Oracle, 10, 15 years ago, they were the leaders. They were the hot money. They were, they would have been the Robin Hood crowd. But again, as every generation changes, every, well, every trading environment changes and leaders now shift. And Microsoft almost didn't make even a blip on the radar that they were down this afternoon. Again, not a lot, you know, nothing crazy about, but if this was 10, 15 years ago, the Q's would have been down the lock limit down and we would have been talking about a 5, 6, 800 point decline. But again, this is a new market. This is a new era. This is a new psychology involved. You have much more market participants, whether they're unsophisticated or sophisticated, whether they're R2D2 driven robot, whether they're manually, this is the new game, you have to kind of start conforming to the new game and have an open mind to kind of trade everything. So again, let's see what happens with the Bulls tomorrow. Again, look, gun to my head. I think they do buy any type of dip, assuming there is any type of dip.   Obviously it's not going to happen. So their attention is going to be on other places. Chipotle after the close, I didn't think they were horrible, right? I didn't think they were horrible numbers. It's starting to actually go back to green. But again, obviously the big money flow this afternoon in the close, after the close, obviously it was Tesla. They were expecting to lose like $2.30. And they surprised, they surprised. They made $0.50 depending what estimates you're looking for. I saw it about $0.50. They actually made money. Again, absolutely unbelievable story. That continues. And again, nobody knows how this story is going to end. You know, does the stock go to $5,000? Does the stock go back to $200? Nobody knows. I think it's a cool, I think it's a cool period in our lives. I trade Tesla all the time. But again, I trade Tesla when the time, when there is a probability. And it's so funny as I say that. There was a pivot this afternoon. We'll get to the pivots in a second. That as soon as I logged in, I knew there was going to be an afternoon spike in this thing because again, that's what happens. It lulls the bears to sleep. And the next thing you know, they'll give you one run into the close. As soon as I logged off, Tesla puts up a $25 candle, obviously, right? Obviously, and obviously you see what's going on this afternoon. So again, pretty orderly day today. Pretty good stuff. Again, beta really wasn't, beta really wasn't the one that had the most juice today. It was kind of other things, for the exception of NVIDIA, which I caught pretty well, for the exception of NVIDIA today, everything was kind of weird name. So let's talk about it. Roku, not a big move at all. $1.55 and a quarter rejected three times pre-market needs to build. Not a big move at all on Roku. So it took out the $0.55 and a quarter, only ran up like $0.75 before it moved down. So there was nothing there. The first move, if you guys will notice, there was a couple of pivots here on Tesla, pretty much the same area. So I still, by the way, excuse me, I still like Netflix in tomorrow. I still think this $4.84 is going to be a big area for tomorrow. But the first move here, $16.10 on Tesla, if it builds below, can give a pretty aggressive run. And again, this was the first pivot this morning on Tesla. So here was the $16.10, right? Here was the $16.10 initially. So here was the initial move, $16.10. And stock ran up like $16.26. Nice move in the morning. And then you'll see in a second, there was a second pivot as well. I caught this straight pretty well. In the video, we saw a lot of weekly $4.30 calls. If you guys remember the broadcast from last night, we talked about it. Again, the common denominator in the really hot money, high probability flow is a stock that's about to confirm coming out of a channel. And then you're seeing repeat call buyers with short-term expiration. That's exactly what we saw today in the video. You saw the $4.30 weekly is very, very aggressive. And my highest sale was $4.22. So here is the pivot right here. Here's the whole $4.19 area right here. And it had a nice spike, really, really nice spike. It traded up to $4.23 in change before it rolled over. And then it started rallying again until it rolled over. So definitely nice move in, definitely nice move in NVIDIA. Shill never confirmed. Nice job, guys. NKLA, this is the second pivot. The first one was a couple of days ago. I think it was Thursday or Friday at the $51 level that went down to $38. And today was the continuation. $38, if it builds below, can flush more. I said it was a shot. It can get to $36.38. That was the daily support. And it got to $36.16. So again, here was the $38, daily range. And it went right down to the next support. This thing starts losing $36 tomorrow. This thing has a shot to go back to $33. Again, this is not Tesla. Don't get it twisted. It ain't, right? It ain't Tesla. So that's that there. SDC surprising was a really, really nice move. And again, last time I started putting all these non-beta names into the feed. SDC 930, 940 needs to build. Here was SDC. Actually, a nice-looking trade, right? So here was the 930, 940. The thing went to 1010. Pretty impressive before it rolled over. Tupperware, right? Tupperware of all things. Again, this is what I mean by it's not about the sizzle. It's about the stake. Tupperware $8 needs to build. Again, Tupperware, right? Tupperware, for God's sake. So it takes out 8, goes to 840. Then it has a reversal into the day. But again, $0.40 and $8 stock. I don't know. Is that good? Right? Pretty good. So Tesla, the first move take on the way up, went to 1626. Nice pop there, blah, blah, blah. Nice blob there. $10 on deck. On SDC, ZM never got there. Workhorse never got there. New lows in NKLA. Again, $36.30 next stop. Went to $36.19. Perfect move into the next demand. So check this out. So I put this in right before I leave. Right before I leave. Tesla, nice spike this morning. Has another sneaky pivot at 1610 it needs to build. Now I kind of revived that. I kind of revived that. And I said, look, for experienced traders, there's actually a more aggressive channel. Think about 1610. There's more of an aggressive channel, 1595, 1596 channel to the prior 1610. And of course, as soon as I leave, I'm talking about 15 minutes after I leave, here was the 1595 right here. 1595 and it goes to 1617. Again, I didn't need that 20 points. Don't worry, right? Who needs that 20 points? So unfortunately, I didn't get that last spike and that's it, that's it. So a really good constructive day. We also caught SONO space. I caught late in the day for a bounce, not a big bounce, but I caught it for a bounce as well. So what I liked about today's session was very, very orderly. Beta was not really in focal point. Usually the day is that beta is not in the focal point. I'll kind of sit it out. But again, there's actually some pretty decent value in other places. And again, that's kind of the moral of the story going into tomorrow's session. Again, will the bulls buy any significant weakness if there are significant weakens in the Microsoft reaction to earnings? And if there's not, will the money flow go back into these specific areas of interest? Again, same bad time, same bad channel. We'll all find out tomorrow. Guys, God bless and I'll see you on the field. Congratulations for putting in the time to take control of your trading. You're one step closer to owning your future and achieving the success you desire. Want daily trade ideas directly from Dan? Straight off his personal watch list? Unlock our free PS60 Vault where you'll get nightly updates on pivot opportunities we're watching for the next day's session. Click the link in the description to get started today.