Everyone, and welcome to Human Humane Architecture on Think Tech Hawaii. I am this program's co-host, DeSoto Brown, and our normal host, Martin Despang, is currently on vacation, so I'm holding down the fort while he's off having fun for the summer. Now, if you look behind me, you're going to see that there's a picture of an old car, and that's because today's program is about the effects of cars on Hawaii. And I'm not just talking about the obvious effects in some cases. I'm talking about some things that maybe you hadn't thought about. We are really lost without our vehicles. We really can't function as a society without our entire system of privately owned motor vehicles, not only as individuals we depend upon them, but our entire, all our businesses does, do as well. So I want to show you why some of those things have happened. I'm going to show you what it looked like in the past as these things happened, and maybe discuss some of the effects. I don't really have any answers for some of the bad things that have happened, but I can tell you at least what's happened and why it's happened. So let's go to our first slide. And what do we have here? That's not our first slide. I'm sorry. We've got to go back. There we go. That's our first slide. Cars came to the Hawaiian Islands for the first time in 1899. And there were two cars that came in on one day on the same ship for the first time anybody in the United States, not in the United States, but the first time anybody in the Hawaiian Islands had seen an automobile. But people knew about them because they had already been, in fact, invented. They were in use in various numbers in various places. But that was the first time anybody saw one here. Now when those first cars arrived, none of the infrastructure that cars require was in place because they'd never been here before. And in the photograph that you're looking at right here, if I can, no, these guys, no, these guys. In any case, you can tell that I'm trying to signal, I'm trying to signal to those guys to show you that this is a 1905 Oldsmobile driving through Waikiki. And this was the first extremely popular car in the United States. And this is one of the cars that really got a lot of people buying automobiles for the first time. And as you can see, it's really crude. It has no windshield. It has no steering wheel. It just has a tiller. And it can only go very, very quietly and well, not quietly, but it can't go very fast. But let's go on to our next photograph. And a lot of things had to be put into place for automobiles after they got here. Because as I said, there wasn't any of that stuff here. Well, to begin with, cars require fuel. They require gasoline. Gasoline previously had been a byproduct of refining petroleum to make kerosene, which is being used for lighting. Nobody really knew what to do with gasoline. They used it as a cleaning fluid, really, honestly. And then somebody said, hey, it's really explosive. We can put in an internal combustion engine and run an engine. So it was necessary to get gasoline out to where people with cars could get to it. And that means that the entire refining structure and the entire system of getting gasoline out there had to be put into place, as I said. So here's an early gasoline truck in 1923 or 24 taking gasoline to one of the places where it's going to be sold. Because initially, you had to just go buy it someplace and store it yourself at your home to put it into your vehicle. Well, gradually, people figured out, no, there are better ways to do it. So in our next picture, we see that, what did they do? They built gas stations. But they also had to build, eventually, a refinery, an oil refinery, which is still in place at Campbell Industrial Park here on Oahu. And gas stations had to be not only constructed, but people had to figure out how to construct them and what the best way to do it was. And eventually, they figured out that instead of just having a gas pump out at the curb for somebody to pull up and then stop traffic while they were getting gas, you built a whole separate structure that had a canopy roof over the freestanding pumps. And for many, many years, those of you who are old enough like me will remember that you didn't pump your own gasoline.  Well, here is a gas station that used to stand on Kalakawa Avenue between, let me see, it was between King Street and Young Street. And it was the Armour Oil Company, which is just a small company that had only, I think, four or five different gas stations. This is in 1966. Next picture. And in addition to serving people with gasoline, it was also necessary for cars to be repaired and serviced. Well, again, if there was nobody was doing it originally, you had to do your own repairs. You had to repair your own engine. You had to repair your tires, which went flat all the time in the early years. And gradually people worked out to where they would, they had their own car repair places. And so here we are in about maybe 1920 with guys learning how to rebuild engines. And of course, then we've got a whole series of businesses come into existence to serve cars. Next. And one of the things you have to do if you're going to have cars is there have to be places that sell them. So car dealerships, certainly by, let's say, 1910, there were car dealerships. Many of them sold a variety of cars that you've never heard of today because most of them went out of business. This particular building, the American Hawaiian Motors, was located on the corner of Kapilani Boulevard and Cook Street. This is in 1947, 1948. Very interesting looking building because one of the things was that as the car business got more competitive and as there were more big dealers competing with each other for customers, in some cases the buildings were very distinctive looking. And as you can see, this is a really distinctive looking building to sell Dodge automobiles and trucks. And this building was in standing until, let's see, about 1990. Hasn't been here for a long time, but it was very cool looking, as you can see. Next. And in addition to selling new cars, it was also necessary to do something with all those used cars because the American car manufacturing system was so prolific and was turning out so many cars. By the 1920s, a huge numbers of cars were being manufactured every single year in the United States. And that meant that as more were being sold new, more and more used cars were on the market. And initially people didn't know what to do with them. What are we going to do with all these cars, these old used cars? Well, gradually people figured out that, hey, this is the way you get new customers into this whole car buying thing. They can't afford a new car, so they'll buy a used car. So by the 1950s and for many years after that, it was very familiar for there to be used car lots on places like Capilani Boulevard or Nimitz Highway. Lots and lots of parked cars, often with flags and other things flying during the day that would get your attention, like you see here human used cars in 1965. Or at night, there were strings of light bulbs above the cars to light them up. And there was a lot of competition between used car lots in the 1960s in Honolulu, lots of aggressive advertising, and a lot of TV ads between diamond-used cars and wholesale motors. So if you were around in the 60s, you saw a lot of these ads in which those two big dealers on Nimitz Highway were competing to try to sell more and more used cars. Next. And other car businesses or car-related businesses that came into existence that nobody could have thought about. For example, movies, drive-in movie theaters. The first drive-in movie theater opened here in 1949 on Capilani Boulevard. And in the 50s, there were a variety of competitors for that. And then there were drive-in restaurants, which came into existence as early as the 1920s. But they really hit their peak in the 1950s and 60s. In drive-ins, you could either get service in your car by a car hop, not in every place, but in some of the bigger drive-ins. And otherwise, you just parked your car, went to the window, got your food, sat down and ate it, or went back to your car and drove away. This is a picture of the Kaukau Junior drive-in, which was on Nimitz Highway. This is about 1965. And in addition to the main building, which you can see with that wonderful roof, it's also got this bouncy roof in the front where you could park your car in the shade if you wanted to sit there. So this is all oriented towards cars. There's very little building here. It's mostly flat ground for people to drive in and park. Next. Okay, when cars first got to the Hawaiian Islands, there was something that we didn't really have and that had to be built. And those were roads. Yeah, there already had been roads, but there weren't a lot of roads. They weren't paved in many cases. And in lots of places, there weren't even roads, per se. There were trails for people to walk on or for horses or mules to be able to walk on. So when those first people brought in their cars, and they were just the rich people in the early 1900s, when they were driving around and there wasn't a road, they had to try to find some place to drive. Well, in many cases, it was the beach if you were driving along the coastline and that was the only way you could do it. Well, obviously you'd get stuck. And so in this picture, you can see here's a car stuck on the beach in Windward O'ahu because there's no road. The car has sunk into the sand and the wheels have spun and it's dug itself in. The only way to get out is for the chauffeur because that man is the chauffeur to dig the car out. Next. And what this meant was that in some cases, the roads that did exist because again, they weren't paved were in terrible condition. So they were either really dusty all the time if it was dry or if it was raining, as you can see here in this picture, they were mud, it was thick mud. Well, this is 1927. That really isn't conducive to the use of automobiles. And again, it's not just for people driving around for fun as it had been in the early years when they were rich people, just doing it as a lark. But gradually, economically, it was necessary to be able to move people and goods. And so unacceptable roads wouldn't work. And that meant the government had to get into the business of building and maintaining roads next. And those roads had to accommodate cars specifically. So that meant, and here you see a picture of Kamehameha Highway under construction on Windward Side of O'ahu in the 1920s, that meant that first of all, they had to figure out what they were going to use to do all this work. They had to buy the equipment. They had to train people to do it. And they had to figure out what they're going to use. Asphalt, where they're going to use. Concrete, what were they actually going to do?  You had to encroach on private property that was already there. You had to get ownership of it somehow. So suddenly, the territorial government, the territory of Hawaii, and the individual county governments of the counties, the four counties of Hawaii, suddenly find themselves taking on this tremendous new responsibility for which they not only have to pay the workers and purchase the equipment and the materials, but they've also got to increase taxes on people to be able to do all of this. So suddenly, there's this whole new realm of government activity that hadn't existed before. Next. Now, when the process was completed, as you can see here, suddenly we've got a whole new, wonderful, smooth road. And this is a concrete road. Again, this is coming in the highway in Winwardawahoe. And you can see the Mokapu Peninsula in the distance, off on the left there. The good thing is now, as I said, you've got this wonderful, new, smooth, concrete road, and everybody can drive wherever they want to. That brings on, however, more responsibilities, more costs, maintenance costs, et cetera. And the other thing that's going to happen, which I'm going to get to in just a second, is these roads are rapidly going to become outmoded, which means that you're going to have to widen them, you're going to have to do other stuff. So once you've built the road, that doesn't mean everything is finished. You've still got a lot more to do. Next. So for the almighty car, we will literally move mountains, and we have. And we will move mountains, in many cases, by wiping them out or digging them out. This is the road from Koli Koli Pass, which goes from Fort Schofield Barracks in central Oahu down into Lua Lua Le Valley and the Waianae Coast. And that is a military road that's very rarely allowed to be open to civilians. But the military in those days was, well, it still is very powerful, but in those days, extremely more so before and during World War II. So this is about 1936. And as you can see, there's this huge excavation that's been made right here just to accommodate motor vehicles. Again, these happened to be privately owned cars when people have been allowed to come in and see this new road. But this road was built for military purposes, not for sightseeing or for civilians to drive on. Next. Okay, as I said, it's wonderful to build cars. It's wonderful to build roads to accommodate cars, but that doesn't mean it's all over with because as you build more roads and as there are more people buying cars and as there are more dealers selling cars and there are more gas stations, et cetera, then your roads start to get congested. And in the middle of downtown Honolulu on King Street, which is what we're looking at here at the intersection of Fort Street, which is right in the foreground here, you can see that even by 1925 or so when this picture was taken, there was already a lot of traffic. And it's also very congested traffic because you've got traffic going in different directions. There's an intersection. You've also got two streetcar lines that are going down the middle of King Street. You've also got a whole bunch of pedestrians. And this was before there were traffic lights that had been installed. There were no permanent traffic lights in Honolulu until 1936. So there's this kind of chaos that's going on, which also had to be dealt with. Next. Well, as traffic gets more congested, there are various things that you do. And one of them is to make streets one way. And so this is Market Street in Waikumaui. And it's been made one way in the direction going away from us so that that relieves a lot of the congestion that I was just referencing. But one way streets do not necessarily solve everything because next we're going to see that the next thing you do is you build more roads. And the biggest road that's had the biggest impact here in Honolulu certainly is the H-1 Freeway. And this is the H-1 Freeway under construction in 1960, just Maoka of downtown. And I don't think people realize how much of an impact that made. People probably think that the H-1 Freeway was kind of always there. No, it was not. It had to be in through Urban Honolulu from the end by Kahala Mall up to Middle Street. All of that had to literally be bulldozed through an existing urban Honolulu. That meant hundreds of homes, businesses, churches, schools, playgrounds, you name it, got pushed aside and literally obliterated by the construction of H-1. Next. And here's that same view of what we just looked at. But this is in the early 1970s. And now you can see that there's the Freeway. Well, in the early 70s, when this picture was taken, there wasn't as much traffic. The Freeway still is in the same place today. But traffic at the end of the work day now is considerably more congested here than it was back in the early 1970s. And that's meant that not only here have they had to add two lanes on the left side of the picture. Excuse me, on that side of the picture. But they've also had to narrow the lanes. So we now have five lanes through here instead of three lanes. And it's still jammed today. Next. And this is a really good picture of what I was just talking about. This is the Freeway, an aerial view of the Freeway in the early 1970s. And all of that stuff that you see there literally had to get dug out of what already was there. There was a whole bunch of city in that place. And that path that the H1 follows, again, wiped all that out. And that was all private property, in most cases, that got condemned and taken from people. So keep in mind what we have done just for the sake of running automobiles around. Next. Even bigger than the H1 Freeway through urban Honolulu is the H1 Airport Viaduct. And I have to say, of course, as we all know, that the H1 Freeway in particular is absolutely crucial for us to be able to function. If the H1 gets shut down for some reason, it's a catastrophe. So we do, in fact, have to have it. But again, keep in mind how huge it is. This picture from the 1970s shows you how immense that Airport Viaduct is. And if you drive out there now, either on it or even more so below it, you're aware that it's a big expanse of concrete. But look at how huge that is under construction. And I have to say, too, that in comparison, the elevated train line, which is under construction right now, is only a fraction of the size of what you're seeing right here. So keep that in mind if you are troubled by the size of the train that's under construction. Look at what we've done for cars, as I've said. Next. And H1 is pow after 34 years. This was a newspaper supplement that was published in 1986 to celebrate the end, or so-called, the end of the H1 Freeway's construction, which was for this Airport Viaduct. Well, even though it was over, of course, you've still got a whole bunch of stuff that you've got to continue to do, to enlarge it, to restripe it, to maintain it, et cetera. So again, here's a really clear view of what we've accomplished, or what we've done. All right, no, that's OK. Let's go to our next picture, as we were. Something else has happened, too. We built tunnels through the Ko'olau Mountains. We've done that not once, not twice, but three times. These are the first of those tunnels. This is the Pali Highway Tunnels, which were completed and both completely opened, I think, 1960, 1961. And that made a huge change in how easy it was to get between Windward O'ahu and Leeward O'ahu, or Ko'olau-lucide, which made a big difference in development and how many people lived in different places. Next, dwarfing those, dwarfing the Pali Highway and the Riki Highway, was the construction of the H3 Freeway, which, if you were around here, then you know, was a subject of tremendous controversy, lots of anger, lots of arguments, lots of protests, lots of bad feelings. The H3 took forever to build. That's not literally it, but it did take a good long time. And here's what it looked like. And again, we moved mountains. Doug Holeson Mountains did huge amounts of excavation to build this particular freeway, among the many others that we have done. Next. So when all of these freeways and all of these new roads are built to accommodate all these cars, what happens? We have suburbs. We build suburbs, because it means you can commute from a house that's not right in the city to someplace in the city to go shopping or to go to your school or to go to your work. So that means that we have suburban sprawl. And that started in the 1950s very strongly with the increase in numbers of cars, and it's still with us today. Next. That does not mean, I mean, on one hand, yes, suburban living can be really wonderful and pleasant and enjoyable, but at the same time, it also means that we are covering up land that we might need for other things, like agriculture. It also means that you're just contributing to traffic. And so for urban planning, a lot of people would prefer that people lived in the city and use the train when the train is functioning, but also lived in more dense urban areas in which you have higher buildings or denser buildings rather than lots of small buildings on individual parcels of ground. Next. And of course, as I said, suburbs are a part of the growth of automobiles, and everything goes along okay, except if there is an interruption in the fuel supply. And we encountered that for the first time for many of us in late 1973 and early 1974 when there was an energy crisis. And suddenly all the gas stations were closed and suddenly you had to line up for an hour or more to get gasoline first thing in the morning. And that really pointed out that relying too much on the internal combustion engine is not gonna be a good thing if something like this occurs. And heaven forbid, we go through it again, but it shows you that it's a vulnerable situation. Next. Well, cars. Cars aren't being driven most of the time. Cars are just parked most of the time. But whether a car is being driven or whether it is parked, it takes up a lot of space and you have to accommodate cars, give them space either on roads or places to park them. And even back in the 1920s, if you can believe it, there were parking situations. This is the parking lot for the Honolulu Stadium in the late 1920s, which is right when the original Honolulu Stadium opened, which was on Esenberg Street and King Street in Mo'ili-Eli. Well, part of the problem with that stadium was there was never a parking lot. So going to an event there was always a problem because there was no accommodation for cars. Next. And as the car population grew tremendously, along with the human population after World War II, new buildings and new developments came into existence that had a lot of space for cars. So here's the time supermarket in Kahala just before it opened in about 1955. And if you look on the right-hand side, you see that there's a lot more space in the parking lot for cars than there is to accommodate people actually going into the store to buy food. So again, we're giving a lot more space and attention to cars than we are even to just people buying food in order to survive. Next. And because it takes up a lot of room to park cars, what do you do? You build parking buildings for people to park cars in stacks, going up vertically. The first parking building was attached to the Dillingham Transportation Building, which opened on Bishop Street in Honolulu in 1930. And again, if you look in the back of this diagram, in the front part, there's the Dillingham Transportation Office Building, and behind it is the parking building for 250 cars, and that's bigger than the building itself. Next. Next, yes. So, now, we've got, what do you do with cars? Well, you've got some, sometimes you live in a car. Well, people do today, even though you're not supposed to, this is just a camping trip. It's not really people in the car. But next, we've got, if people needed houses, so did cars. And initially, people put cars in little buildings that were like stables, where horses had lived. So they built separate buildings like this one in Waimanalo. But next, gradually, people realized that you could attach the garage or the place for the car to the house. And originally, for this 1920s house, there is a built-in garage, which is nice. But it only accommodates one car. And gradually, it became evident that next, we were going to need two car garages, as cars increased tremendously in the 1950s. And so, next, more and more houses accommodated cars as part of the construction of the house, certainly in the 1950s, as you see here, we can accommodate a Buick and a Nash underneath this modern house. Next. So it's important to keep people and cars from intermingling too much, because cars can kill people. So people had to be taught first that we'll build a sidewalk for you to walk on. Don't walk in the street where there are cars. So sidewalks came into existence in suburban areas in the 1920s. This is in Kaimuki. Next. And people had to be taught to use crosswalks, to not only not walk across the street wherever they wanted, whenever they wanted, to use the crosswalk and only do it when they were signaled to do it. This took a long time for people to understand. Because before cars, they had walked wherever they wanted to, whenever they wanted to. They had to learn not to do that. And fortunately, we know to do that now. Next. And sometimes it's necessary to actually separate people physically from cars completely by building overpasses like this one, which was in Waianae in the 1950s for schoolchildren to not get struck by cars when they were going to their school. Next. Well, all of those things give you a hint of what cars have done and what cars are continuing to do. And the ironic thing is that when the car, which is the symbol of independent travel, goes out of its life and it dies and it's no longer functioning, suddenly it becomes one of our worst problems in terms of trying to deal with it as an inert trash object. And abandoned cars and what we do with junk cars continues to be a problem here. So I think that sums up just some of all of the things that cars have done, cars are doing, and cars will continue to do. The question is, how much of this do we want to continue? How do we want to take control of this? How do we want to deal with our dependency on cars? I don't have the answers, I have to tell you. But at least I can show you where we got here and how we got here to where we are today. I'm DeSoto Brown. This is the end of Human Humane Architecture on Think Tech Hawaii. Thank you very much for watching and I'll see you again in just a few weeks. Until then, aloha.


Hi everybody it's Sam from Mixed Up Craft. Thank you for watching today. So I have collected a few bits over the last couple of weeks. I haven't done what did I get for a while so I thought I would share the stuff that I have at the moment. So first of all I received some lovely friend mail from my friend Tati and I'm just going to pull it out of the bag here. She's packed it full for me. You can see she's sent me so many lovely things bless her. So I've got here, I loved these. Now these are from the Works. I haven't been in the Works since lockdown and I know the shops are open now but it's just getting into town. I don't really want to go in. So I guess I should look online as well but there's these sunflowers and they've got tiny little ladybirds on them. So they're going to look really nice just to finish off a gift tag maybe on a gift bag or something or even on your card making as well but also on the 3D makes you know what they're like the she shared and what's the other one I've done like the bureau and things like that. These embellishments always do look nice on those kind of projects so these always go into my some of you may have seen when I've done some of the lives behind me I have a shelf which has just got lots of jars and I fill them with all the embellishments and they're just there I can see through them so sometimes if I'm just looking for that last bit to finish something off I can just look behind me have a little look through the jars and you know see what's there. So she's always sent also sent me these here I've had these before they're really nice. I actually these are probably my favorite size there's the mini flowers and then there's slightly larger ones and I think it's this style that I just seem to grab you know when I'm doing those kind of 3D projects they're just really nice I love the ombre effect of these with the lighter at the top and then the darker at the bottom so again those are really nice. Then I've got a little sequin mix I love these sequin mixes well actually this is a bead and it's it's just your embellishments but without the adhesives you apply the adhesive yourself. Yeah you've just got a lovely assortment there's loads in there you can keep them in the plastic or you can I've got a jar where I've just got lots of bits and pieces in there and she's actually used some of these ones I think on the card that she sent me which I'll show you in a moment but these are by sparklets embellishments I've not heard of them before Tati lives in Dublin but she's from Brazil so she has sent me stuff from from Brazil before but I can't see inside there here we go what's this on the back oh this is from West Berlin it's called Christmas Carnival so yeah really really sweet and then I've got these bits here which I know she's collected these are all dew crafts um not sure how long ago these are but these will go into my Christmas thing because they're perfect gift tags and you've got those there which are really nice which I'll probably use on some of my Christmas makes and then you've got these tiny little I like the wreath there and stuff but they're great when I make those kind of loaded full gift tags these are great just kind of like fillers you know you can kind of yeah fill them in then I've got this here these are nine star embellishments really pretty love the spark it's got like a holographic effect there when it hits the light so they're really pretty so again I'll take them off the plastic add them with my other bits and pieces and that way I never forget stuff it's all there you know I can route through it that system works really well for me so I'll be doing all that later um then she's sent me some of these and I do have a few bottles but it's the metal precision nibs they're the ones because once you lose the pin they have to be a stainless steel pin and it's only certain pins that fit these because I've got other stainless steel pins from my sewing box and they're a bit thicker and they don't go through the ends of these so these are brilliant because you can take these off and put them on any of your you know your bottles you just twist them on there so um I want to get one to go on this one here so I can just pop one of them on and even on my you can see there I've got it on my glossy accents but it'd be nice to actually have the proper metal so I'll probably actually just use the tips off of these because they're they're small precision bottles you can see I've got one here um with the cologne as well I have lots of them all my glue filled up so it's all there ready for me to grab but these are worth their weight in gold they're just so handy to have now these I was actually really pleased that I've got these because I have a few snowflakes but not many now these are wooden ones and what I want to do I don't want to give too much away but I've got a really nice kind of mixed media Christmas decor idea and it's using wooden snowflakes so when I saw these I thought is she read my mind because I've not actually said anything about that so again Tati thank you so much I'm going to be using these near the time I think I'm losing my voice you can probably hear then I got the wooden fences now I used these um when I made the it was like a really pretty flower concertina card and I only had one left so now I've got these three because they sold out in my store as well and I know lots of people when I've made that card they went and purchased them so again I don't know whether she got these a while back and she's just not used them herself um and saw that I've used them so again now I've got four because I've got a nice you know even number so I'll be able to make that card again so that was lovely here is the card that she's made it's gorgeous and you can see those gorgeous they're like faceted embellishments that she's used and it's all heat embossed and then she's coloured in the centres and she's also distressed this background it looks like she's spritzed it with some kind of glitter spray or a shimmer spray um it's just full of shine it's really really nice big hugs and happy thoughts and she's write a lovely message in there for me so I'll pop that to one side so I'll put that up now and then I've got this here which is a beautiful I haven't got this one and this is the ombre glitter pad again this is the works and I just love it going from that pink down into that you know deep kind of purple colour and you get um it's 250 gsm as well so it's perfect for car blanks you can actually use this you know um you get well it says blue and pink but to me I see purple so let me know what you see but I definitely see a pink into a purple there I'd take one out saying that though now when you take that away it does go down into a darker blue I guess see I was just seeing that where it still looked quite purpley so I'll let them have that one but you can see it there it's got such a lovely sparkle to it it's stunning really nice that's going to work so well with my new collection the let's hear it for the girls just all those colours die-cutting the handbags in that and things like that it's going to look really nice so thank you for that and then I got this wow so she actually sent me the stencil of this um a few months back more towards the beginning of the year and the stencil is beautiful and I've actually used it on a couple of cards and now she's sent me the stamp set that matches this is stunning tatty again thank you so much you are so so kind this is just such a gorgeous set and I love the sentiments it's just got you've got my friend it's cool to be kind stay awesome I adore you dot the end dot I think that's brilliant um miss you my friend and love you my friend I just again if you followed me long enough I love foliage I love leaves I actually have nearly 20 plants in my house that are all green I just love green and leaves so I will be using this definitely this will go to the front of the queue with all of my leaf stamps and dies it's gorgeous and it's old to new it's such a quality photopolymer stamps and I'll be looking forward to using that with the stencils and I'm sure I'm going to do a very green and very leafy future tutorial I've got some nice ideas actually so again big thank you and then I've got this one here I do actually think I have this one tatty so what I'm probably going to do with this one is pop it in the giveaway box that I have and um yeah we can add that into there and then I think you know someone else can enjoy it because I'm sure I've picked this one up myself so I'll have a double check but I'm pretty sure so very nice and then I've got this one here so these are the apple blossoms now I actually got these when I was on the design team before craft stash I got sent the whole collection of this and um I've used them they're beautiful and then my mum fell in love with them so I actually gifted them to my mum and then you sent me this one I've got one back again I made with this one I think it was a rainbow card that I done and it's gorgeous so you have this absolutely huge die you can see that and these are still on their website I believe so this will fit onto a 5 by 7 or an 8 by 8 card so when you die cut this what it does is it only has a cut line around the outer part of all of those butterflies it doesn't join there so what it means is it cuts that into the cardstock and then you can pop all the leaves out and it just leaves this beautiful they call it what do they call it is it the wave of butterflies oh swoop butterfly swoop and then you have these butterflies here and frames to then build up on top so there's all your detail it creates beautiful beautiful cards I've shared them on my page before so it was nice to have this one back as much as um you know I love my mum and I don't mind giving her stuff sometimes it's once you give it away you then wish you hadn't so um yeah thank you and I love butterflies so that was really kind and then she knows that I'm currently trying to re-teach myself how to write again so I am terrible at writing I write in capitals and I want to be able to make my own sentiments have beautiful you know handwriting so my dad actually um he's a fan he I don't know what you call it a calligrapher yeah calligrapher he he he writes with calligrapher he's very very good um and uh yeah I want to be able to do it so she's also sent me this pen so first time I'm opening it so I don't want to create too much noise there we go so I've got two nibs here so again I'll have to see if they're both the same or slightly different you've got a 1.1 now 1.9 so they are so this one's the thicker one I'm not going to put the inks in yet but I've got a green a blue and a black I've got it's taking me back to my school days now I used to always write with these and that's the thing I used to love it I used to enjoy it so much and I don't know why or what made me start to write in capitals but um yeah that's a really nice I love that um like marble effect on there and then this here I guess these are your test sheets yeah they are so I have a few I am I sit down in the evenings and do it um I try to get more time if I can but uh yeah this will be added to my kind of test sheets or my learning sheets or whatever I just I love it I really do and I want to be able to produce beautiful these kind of this oh yeah so thank you again that's really really nice of you I'm going to add that to my my other bits and pieces I love this imagery on the front of this as well it's really nice so again thank you so much Tassie you know I appreciate it and you're such a very sweet lady for sending me all of that lovely product okay and then I've purchased a few things myself so I've got a shop called Chaplins literally just around the corner from me and um it's it's a it's an okay shop but they do have quite a nice um crafts like section and I picked up these they only had um three I'm kind of thinking maybe I should have got all three but I just want to try it all first I have done something with the lights before um I've got a really nice idea and I want to play around with it so they were 4.99 down to 3.99 I don't know what they're kind of usually sold at but the thing with these is is they're flat they have the flat battery pack whereas some of them are quite bulky and um yeah you can add this into your card so it's just wrapped around that Christmas tree um just to show you what they are they're the rice lights so um and these are white so it just says white LED white string lights and um yeah I'm going to give them a go and see what they're like then I saw these again these are what I you always you find in the works and also in the range but this was in chaplins they were a pound each but I loved the colors I hadn't seen these one before I've got two packs and they're just perfect those quick sentiments for when you just need you don't want to stamp you don't you know you just need something fast you've got some really nice ones all the best especially for you just for you best wishes uh with love just for you especially for you and thank you and it just repeats again so I just love those colors they're very much my style I love the silver I'm not so much of a gold fan I always like the silver um and you got the little embellishments there as well and I thought for a pound that they were pretty good then I stocked up on my red tape from how made at helens um again I'll link everything below so she kindly actually sent me these sizes um possibly there's a while back now um and I use them a lot and they've worked really well this size in particular which is the thinnest one this is the three millimeter one eighth of an inch when I was doing all my slider cards you get so much on these this is the mega roll there's 14 meters it lasts you so long this is the permanent and acid free double-sided extra strong it's brilliant stuff so you know thank you to Helen initially for sending it to me so I've got these two here these are your 12 millimeter which you're looking at is what does that work out I think it's just over half an inch or is half an inch because that one doesn't give you the inch measurement just gives you just gives you the millimeter yeah half an inch um I can see on there actually yeah it is so I've got two of those two of the one eighth of an inch three mil and then this one here I got two of the six mil and again you get so you get 10 meters in those ones but these were the mega rolls so you see they're packaging slightly different they've got that purple background 15 yards if you're working yards so yeah brilliant all permanent you know the red line totes brilliant anyway I use it on a lot of my 3d makes as well so I've got plenty of that now to keep it going and that all lasts me a very long time so I'm going to pop them away in a moment and then I ordered this one it was there and I thought you know I wasn't I saw when they released it and I thought yeah it's a nice color and I will eventually get it but I wasn't desperate to have to be one of the first and it's the the latest color by Tim Holtz and it's the speckled egg and it is really nice I've tested it out so it's going to be a nice addition because I do have nearly all of them now so yeah it's nice to to have that extra new color and yeah I'll be using that in tutorials and then she very kindly added these in for me which was really nice and actually I was really surprised at this one because I've seen this used a lot by other youtubers in the US so like Gina K Jennifer McGuire Christina so I saw this one and it's the alabaster white and it's by Brutus Monroe and it's the embossing powder and you see it's slightly bigger than a normal so I've got a lot of these ones here which are the wow so you can see the difference in the size there this is I don't know if it tells you actually on here oh yeah so this is 15 mil 0.5 ounces and this one here is one ounce that doesn't sound right oh yeah 0.5 and that's one yeah I guess so just double just double the amount um but it's just really nice it's so fine it's literally like flour in there so I imagine you're going to get well from what I've seen you do get a really nice finish and I like to do white sentiments on black cardstock and yeah I think that's going to be really nice and then she sent me this washi tape here and it's got all craft related like it's got your ink and your quills it's got like a mason jar with colored pencils it's got paintbrushes um it's got some pens in a glass jar and then like your little kind of shavings from where you shop in the pencil you got ink well you got a little bulldog clip I just thought it was really nice so I can pop that into my planner and things like that so again thank you so much um Helen that was really kind of you but then I've been sent the latest papercraft society so this is the Christina Griffiths yeah Christina Griffiths and this is box 11 so this is the one just after mine because mine was box 10 so I'm going to do a separate unboxing for this one but this is landed now and it's got those lovely autumnal colors I do love autumn as a season I just really like the colors anyway so it'd be quite nice to have a play with this one and you can see on the front is always an indication of the kind of color palette and what you're going to get inside and yeah I have had a sneak peek already but I'm going to do the unboxing video for this one separately and I will link that one up here because I think I'll be putting this video out before the unboxing video and then lastly I've been sent magazines I've I'm in I think I'm in two of them so these are some of the latest magazines that are on the shelf at the moment so first of all you've got the latest sentimentally yours kit so this is your your kind of magazine box kits you get 130 elements to get you crafting tonight and it's always nice when these come out because if you ever make any kind of you do any commissions for the magazines you do them sometimes like four months in advance so by the time the magazine comes out you've almost well I do sometimes I forget what one I've done and it was really nice to see one of mine's made it onto the front here and it was this really lovely bridge fold and you'll be able to see that in more detail in a moment but you get this lovely A4 stamp set it's nautical as well so again when I was asked to do I was like oh yes I love I love nautical anything under the sea it's just so nice you get this dye you get the stencil and you get your sentiment stamps there as well along with papers that are also inside you can see them there so this is the magazine that's just the box it's jam packed it really is there's just so much stuff you can see that dye shape there and I love that they've used that little bit of like burlap behind there as well really really nice so there was my one so I was asked to do scene building and I really enjoyed making that card and you can see I've used the clear Nuvo drops to look like bubbles coming out of the sea I've used some twine there to look like rope on a boat and then I've done the no-line stamping so you stamp in the color that you want to use and then I actually colored these you can see I've done some you know little blending there on the starfish with the wheel the seaweed and everything I really enjoy putting these together the birds and then I've done the boat in the background there as well it was really nice make and then I also done these ones here so I've done the floating pop box with the cluster there of the seahorse so again you can see there's no black harsh lines with the stamps so I stamped them in orange and then I've gone in with a darker orange and with my colored pencils just to really kind of help them pop you get this lovely stamp which creates like I'm the stencil sorry that creates like bubbles and then I've used more bubbles there was some Nuvo drops and again a little bit of the seaweed but I've done it in orange you know so you don't always have to stamp everything in the colors that maybe they're meant to be and then this one here I loved this stamp and it was this splash effect or like the spray of the of the waves when they crash against the rocks so I had the idea of having it so that it was crashing against the rocks behind the mermaid and that was on that center tent or easel I can't remember what I called that card and I loved the color I used this gorgeous teal color on her mermaid's tail there so really really nice it's a really lovely set of stamps you can see them here so this is your sentiments so you get them there and some of them have got a little curve to them and stuff so they will fit within the die which is here and it will create something like that and that's your stencil so that was that kind of bubble effect and you've got the rope you've got a wave birds scallops another wave that big anchor this is like your rope so you can do a nice stencil to border around your cards and then here is the stamp set and you see that's that spray so it's quite a big stamp but it creates a really nice effect you get your mermaid there's that lovely size boat you know the ship's wheel there they're good size stamps and then you've got that lovely one there with the lighthouse and then all the extras as well so yeah really really fun it's a nice the box kits are great I always say they're great ones if you're kind of just starting off because you know just a black ink pad you know some color pencils or whatever medium you've got some card stock you know you're good to go you don't need to have tons of stuff because it's all pretty much there for you then um I got this one here I love this one this is so nice so this is the creative stamping this is issue 86 and um there's a card in here which I want to case just 100 exactly how it is and it's actually it's quite simple but I just fell in love with it so with this one here you get look at this stencil and this scene I love this scene and I've got a nice card idea to use that I love the little otter it's just floating bubbling along there this one you have your fisherman and then you have you've got your kingfishers you've got another fisherman in his boat all different kind of birds they're not you know 100% of a bird name so I'm going to leave it but you've got your mallard there I guess that you could color that in any way to to be you know a different kind of duck and um you've got them flying there you've got some butterflies you've got the dragonfly you've got your water lilies rocks sentiments are retirement get well soon thinking of you hello father's day relax so really nice but I love that scene I absolutely adore it and you also get this one so you get the RSPB I do have some of the RSPB ones and this is the kingfisher isn't it lovely really really nice you got your dye in your stamp and again I will be adding that to my other RSPB ones this is the magazine and then let me show you there's loads of inspiration using this stamp set in all different ways but the one that I love is this one here I am in love with it it is just a six by six card with the four corners cut off to create a hexagon and it's that background that's stamped but it's stamped off the page inked the edges to add a little bit of shading and then done that mallard duck right in the center but I love that she's done the reflection with the stamping there so I'll be using the media map to create that and I just love it I absolutely love that card I was just it's just so simple two stamps and then obviously the reflection stamp she shows you how to do that there as well I love it so Teresa you've done a beautiful card she's done three others there as well and then another one I love is this one here and that's by Lisa Robson she always does some really nice cards as do many of them but that is kind of like a is it yeah shadow box so she's got an extra bit there where you can see the fisherman so he's actually like 3d and aren't they just stunning cards they've really on their perfect masculine makes so if you just want to build up a stash of masculine cards these all look there's the starfold there you've even done the shirt there with the fish all over it I think they're absolutely brilliant I love this stamp set it's very rare whenever the creative stamping magazine bring out a stamp set that I don't like it I think I've said it before I think there's maybe been two that I've not really been my style otherwise I just love them so if you are someone that just loves stamping again all you need for this is a black ink and a whatever you know coloring medium and you're good to go so yeah looking forward to that one and that was the case so you're also inspiring ideas to try to know free tonic studios aqua flow pens worth 40 pound 10 off and that's about the rspb stamp yeah so that was issue I think I did say yeah issue 86 then this is the last one here and this one you get quite a lot so this is issue papercraft essentials issue 189 and with this one you get this making waves cut and emboss folder and it will create this lovely like shimmering water effect you know when the water kind of catches the light running down the stream that's what that reminds me of and then it cuts this circle here and then you have this circle die and flower to then go in this in the middle they've got here create spinner cards so there must be inspiration inside the magazine to show you how to make that you also get plus bonus downloads there must be papers that you can use for this so they've done it as like a porthole which is a nice effect with the fish and then that's just quite a simple card using that style and then you also get this kit so this one here is wrap and reveal now I've actually got a tutorial on my channel showing you how to make this and it's a really nice style card but they've actually got a kit here that does it all for you so here's all of your um what I'm probably going to do this is going to go into my giveaway box because I've like I said I've got the tutorial to make it and um I want to focus on all the stamping that I've got there I think this will be you know better go into someone who's going to enjoy this who maybe has not done that one but it's a really nice card stock and they've done all your school lines for you can you see there so all you've got to do is just follow all those school lines and it will give you this really nice card so you get one two love that one there three I know it says all this on the front but it's nice to sometimes actually see inside these things you can't see inside because it's all sealed with the plastic in the shops which is why I do these because lots of people do like to see and then they can you know really get an idea and decide if they do want to get it or not you can see there they're all coated on the front and then they're matte on the back and really pretty I do that one's really stands out love that one and then you get your papers to decorate each one so they will all match and correspond they've all got the gold foiling around them um you've got loads you've got really triangles there to matte and layer that one there that's really pretty really nice like these ones here and then you've got that one there as well and you've got your phone pads so giving you everything that you need so you can literally just sit down one afternoon well probably you could knock them all up probably about an hour I would have thought um you can add other bits to it as well um five double-sided wrap and reveal card designs so that's your freebies which are great and then it says on there just a few other offers and things that you can get mega value pack and um again bumper bumper pack filled with lovely card oh look it's just giving you a a sneak but I think other people must really love it as well if it's gone across the two magazines funny I'll just open it up on that one definitely making that card I'm probably going to make a few of them um your cards oh say to everybody send your cards in because you'd be surprised it's such a nice feeling when you see your cards in print um that's nice that's like the ones I've done before the super shadow Debbie she's lovely she's done super shadow box cards she's got all different designs there all inspirations there go that shows one of those cards that you get there in that kit isn't that stunning so there's a belly band so you slide the belly band off and then it opens up so I've also got the latest john next door kit so this is issue three and this is the autumn special so again it's in the box just like the other one there and um I made some cards for this one and again it's really nice when you see your makes that are you know been photographed professionally and it's on the front and I done the teepee with this one so you get the stamp set which got that beautiful sunflower but again depending on how you color it you could have it as another flower as well and then you've got some lovely sentiments there you've got this die with these dies in the middle which create a nice frame and you've got a embossing folder here as well and I think I believe this was five by five you've got the leaves there and create some nice effects with that one and then again a bumper pack and in here you have your papers really nice lovely papers to use and just loads of inspirations you can see the kind of effects there that beautiful flower um in the sunflower colors there and lots of different styles there and then there's the ones that I've done there so I've done this pop out gatefold um and you can see there I've used embossing folder in that way so I've used it on the it was a I think it was some centura pearl which is a white core so I embossed it on that and then I've just gone over and you can see where I've just brought out the white and it just shows off that detail and then I've just die cut loads of those little bits and pieces all around that frame and then I've done that bridge fold which I really loved and colored in those images looked really nice and then there's that teepee there as well such a nice style card and it just shows off all those stamped images really well so there's a bumper pack really nice colors do you love that card Nicky's is on the front there actually I just realized you can see there they've got that distressing tool that's what they're showing you um some lovely effects so that's that one then I've got two more here so this is the latest this is another nautical one so this is the latest simply cards and pavecraft issue 207 so again you get tons of offers and stuff on there as well and this is the nautical collection and it's a signature collection by sarah davis and you can see there you get that seahorse die and then you get these here I love this one really nice I don't have one with that kind of blocked stamp I've got ones that are just more of just the the thin circle with the little holes but having that nice block piece there that'd be nice and I don't have a a boat in more of that older ship style um you know they're more smaller kind of sailing boats and things so that's a nice one to add I love this one as well with the anchor and the ring and then you've got that lovely one with the lighthouse probably got about 20 lighthouses but they are all different and you've got the starfish all the other little bits and pieces there and it says wishing you oceans of happiness we cannot control the wind but we can direct the sails adventure awaits enjoy life's journey sail away and seize the day and again there be loads of inspiration inside on how you can use that and there's one example on the front there which is really nice and then again full of inspiration from all different kinds of designers so there we go there's some there using those stamps I like the the porthole looking out with the birds and there's that ship it's a really nice image I really do like it um what else oh look it's so weird seeing a big picture of myself like that ah there's my new collection I wasn't expecting I've looked I've flicked through this but I've missed that anyway um let me show you there's that again Pat Ellis and Teal something about it um and then there's some cards by Nikki using that free okay I love that that like panel effect it's nice when you frame them as well like a sampler and um yeah it looks it looks nice I love the seahorse and it's been layered up there as well it's a nice idea and circular cards are always great when you do your nautical style that's nice as well with the but in fact the your distressings will create that nice background and watercolors and stuff so some really nice um examples on how to use it again I do I really like that that ship sailing ship I think it looks such a nice card so yeah there you have simply cards of papercraft issue 207 and then I have another one of the lettering simply lettering haven't gone into this one yet but I'm building up some nice pens and all my kind of like test sheets and stuff more like learning sheets so this one here this is a small tip brush pen in magenta well I love magenta and then here again you get all of your practice sheets that's what I need to call them test sheets practice sheets I love that one these are good so you can just cut these and frame them as well so on there don't wait for the perfect moment take the moment and make it perfect that's good I'll have to see what they're using with those again all of these should just cut and frame focus on the good home sweet home keep positive keep positive thinking keep positive thinking I would say keep thinking positive keep positive that I don't know every day see again I'm reading that so I guess it's every day is a fresh start but I'm going every is a day fresh anyway it just shows different people we read things I do anyway maybe the wrong way life doesn't have to be perfect to be wonderful once you see it I guess it's easier isn't it but yeah if you're someone that likes to do your hand lettering then this is a great magazine again always filled with lots of inspiration lots of ideas gives you little sneak peeks into the other magazines as well and it's the lovely Lou she's the editor of this magazine and yeah in fact there's an interview with Lou there so I'll probably have a read of that when I have a cup of tea and yeah so that is simply lettering that's issue 12 and you get that magenta brush pen as your freebie as well as the practice sheets there as well okay so that is everything I'm going to do the separate unboxing for that one now that I am really kind of settling now getting back into the swing of things properly since moving I'm going to get back into doing my magazine makes because I do love using the supplies in the magazines and I'm going to be incorporating them more into my lives as well if you don't join in on the lives at all you don't know about them I do them on Facebook every Monday and Friday at 2 p.m the UK time and they're really good fun we get a real nice bunch of people coming in you don't have to craft along you might just want to chat and you don't even have to chat you might just want to watch in the background that's totally fine but I really like doing them they're really good fun so yeah I'm going to get all this unpack take all the packaging off file it all away and I will be back very soon with some new tutorials so thanks for watching I'll see you soon bye


Welcome. Thank you for coming in this evening after I'm sure what's a very what has been a very very long day. We are going to plunge right in because we're running late and people have some very short time so we are not going to have a whole lot of introduction because well we have the president of Columbia here and you all know who he is and we have Kalish Satyarthi who is the founder of the Kalish Satyarthi Children's Foundation in India and he's worked with Malala Yusafi. So we're going to get started right away. This is a panel about envisioning and building peace and I'm going to start with President Santos.  It's it's difficult because people get accustomed to all type of situations even war and they start seeing war as a something normal and then when you reach a peace agreement that we did after 50 years people then say no they don't believe that that could be true and then they are skeptic that this will not work. So you need a lot of persuasion and a lot of teaching to reconcile the society. I have learned many things in this process. I learned very clearly that leading in times of war is much much easier than leading in times of peace. In times of war you and I I was Minister of Defense. I made war as Minister of Defense against the people with which I made peace afterwards. The leadership in times of war is a very vertical type of leadership. You have the bad guys on the other side. You have the good guys here. You rally the forces and you go. That type of leadership is quite simple and easy so far as you're successful. Instead to make peace you need to change attitudes. You need to change perceptions. You need to teach people how to forgive and sometimes that is very difficult. When you have to sit down with somebody whose daughter or mother or father had been killed or tortured and say listen I'm going to sit down with the person who did this and I'm going to be more lenient in terms of applying justice. That is very difficult. And in the case of Colombia for so long that we lived through so many years the society in a way was losing something which is very important to have in any society compassion. How to how to understand the suffering of other people. We after so many years of war were losing our compassion. So now to build this in society to reconcile it's a long-term process. I compare that to the building of a cathedral. To build a good cathedral you have to have solid bases and then build it brick by brick. This will take a long time. People want change immediately and then you have to explain no this is a slow process for it to be a successful process. So you have to persevere. We reached the peace agreement through perseverance through goodwill through not this is important not letting yourself be guided by public opinion. Sometimes you go I have to go against the mood of public opinion. It's difficult when you have many people against you you think am I doing something wrong. But if you are convinced that what you're doing is correct you have to follow through and persevere. Well I'd like to turn to Mr. Mr. Satyarthi about the idea of compassion. So you work with children who I think probably have a different vision of the world than adults do. How do you see compassion and playing into peace building? Well as many of us agree that peace does not mean that sense of war or violence. Peace has many faces and many manifestations.  And if such children from different communities from different religions from different ethnical groups hug each other as children because there is no divide in them. They are much more united inherently. That is the manifestation of peace the true manifestation. I share with him that compassion is the key in whole my life what I say that I am trying to globalize compassion. The globalization of market economy knowledge technology products we have all seen. We have also witnessed the consequences good or bad both global warming and terrorism and all kind of things tensions inequality but this is the time to think and act differently that is the globalization of compassion because compassion is not just empathy. It is a feeling where you connect with others suffering and you drive there is a drive to change the suffering of other person and that will make the world is safer and peaceful place. So I have been working with children in whole my life freeing them from slavery helping them in education not only in India but I work across 140 countries including in his country and I love the children in Columbia and I have been to remotest places even when you were not the president and last time when we met I also met number of children former child slaves and so on. So I could feel that they are changing everywhere because children do not want war and in the human history there is no example where children were responsible for any war any poverty any kind of divide divide of cultures and religions children are not responsible we have created religions and cultures we have created walls and boundaries we have created all the wars and poverty. So why children should suffer that should be the starting point children are just victims and sufferers of what they have not responsible for they are just victims. So let us connect with our children through compassion and try to ignite compassion I tell that compassion is something a God given wealth it's a divine wealth inside each one of us but what we do this wealth we use only for ourselves for our own biological children siblings friends but this wealth could be invested in the world and we can make a world which is really safer which is really peaceful by learning from children what we have done in all our lives we keep on teaching our children you are Hindu you are Muslims you are Christians you are Cambodians you are Colombians you are Pakistani you are Indians so on and so forth the children don't understand this we teach them sometimes I say that this is the time to learn from children learn from children learn from them can I compliment on that sure I agree I agree 100% through children when you were saying children were born without prejudice and they don't want any walls if we can teach the children that we are one people which is called the world and we are one race which is called humanity and that no matter what religion or what color of your skin or what we are one that would help tremendously yeah yeah we did not agree or got together before this meeting but we yeah but at least there are so many things common compassion is common but both of us share Nobel Peace Prize well it's good to know that in a peace building session I won't have to break up any fight so I do want to delve a little bit more deeply into the idea of reconciliation because I think that that's the tough part you know you can sign a peace treaty but then you have to get people who have had years and years of war and conflict and have developed hatred to unlearn hatred so I'll start with you President Santos have you had the occasion to actually try and reconcile two people on opposite sides yes and let me tell you an anecdote which is a bit before that when when I started the peace process some very illustrious persons a professor from Harvard came to my office and said this is going to be a very difficult journey very difficult journey you need energy because you're going to feel some time that you're going to throw in the towel and simply don't continue and he said talk to the victims share with them their experience that will give you the energy to continue and I did that through five years every time and made and I felt that many times I was so disillusioned public opinion against it and why what is happening should I continue or not then I spoke to the victims and the victims I thought were going to be the most radically opposed to transitional justice to give some kind of leniency to the perpetrators and I came into the process with that prejudice and they taught me I was completely wrong the victims were the first ones to say continue we don't want other people to suffer what we suffered and they were the ones who said I want to meet the people who did this and so during the peace process we brought together the perpetrators and the victims and that was a great experience and see how reconciliation can be possible of course we had examples of every nature some that some that screamed some that said I don't want to ever you killed my daughter you did but overall when you start explaining to them that this is the only way that you you can leave a country in peace for the next generations people start to understand and in the transitional justice in every peace process where you draw the line between peace and justice is the key issue always you will find people against what you decide from one extreme and the other extreme but once you take the decision you have to start implementing the procedures to promote reconciliation one thing that is extremely important the truth to know what happened many victims didn't want even reparations monetary repression they just simply wanted to know why why did they do this or where is my son or where is my daughter simply by telling them that giving them that information they change completely the their propensity to reconcile so there are different ways that you can approach reconciliation but that word is the magic word for a peace process or peace to be really constructed on solid basis so there have been so many cases where people have tried to work with children in reconciliation I think about northern Ireland for example where do you think children can play a role in the reconciliation process and you have any examples of where you think it's worked very well well in India for example where we work with children there are certain pockets which are insurgency front pockets where some of the ultra Maoist pick up the guns and sometimes they're using children to use those guns young people and using them for violence and we started working there with the communities with the children and found that one of the reasons was that the children were not given a better alternative better choice an environment where they can feel confident and friendly and hope and more important they should have trust in the future or trust with the establishment so we started working in those pockets so some of these children were working as child slaves or child laborers but others were being used by these violent groups so when we started working there was some opposition from those violent groups but then we tried to tell them that look you are demanding equality you're demanding justice and that's why you are picking up the gun but justice and equality can never come without an education quality education so if we are preparing children through education and more secular education where they can learn love they can learn compassion and we tried to bring children and youth from different communities and different religions and they started working together and from both sides some of the perpetrators predators or violent groups as well as the children of ordinary people who are victims and we have seen tremendous change over the years where the people started feeling that no this is not good to give guns in the hands of tiny children after our younger brothers and sisters so in those places we have seen massive decline in the use of child slaves or child laborers but also use of children for the combatant activities but here I would also like to underline when we talk of the broader piece then just compare that world needs 40 billion dollars and additional money to ensure education for all children in the world annually primary and secondary education both this is this money is not a big thing because it is just less than the global military expenditure if the world decide that we are not going to invest in arms and emanations and all kind of fight and violence perhaps we can protect all generation the entire generation from all kind of miseries and difficulties and we can ensure education for them just less than a week global military expenditure can solve the problem of children in the world and we can save the generation but here in Europe who is the biggest arm trader who is the biggest manufacturers arms arms are manufacturers in manufactured in this country and they are used for violence eventually when you create when you produce a gun for what we are not able to give toys in the hands of our children we are not able to give books and pencils to our children and we are producing more bullets than books we have in a number of countries right from South Sudan to Austria and many places where the number of soldiers is bigger than the number of teachers so what kind of world we are going to create for peace we have to reverse this we have to reverse this children should be our priority now to make a sustainable human society and a peaceful world so we have a number of conflicts going on in the world right now north and south Korea there's all kinds of escalation going on in the Middle East what sort of advice and this is a question for both of you you can take turns no fighting do you think that we did any fight what what kind of advice would you give people who who want to get started who want to start to de-escalate a conflict well each conflict has its own particular conditions and to generalize conflicts is a mistake each conflict has peculiarities but there's some common denominators first try many people in our case thought that it was impossible that to make peace in Colombia with the FARC was impossible but you can then say that the impossible is possible and so the first the first ingredient the first step is try then I think that no conflict is impossible to resolve if there is good will from both parts the big challenge is to create the conditions that the good will is present in both both parts at the same time many times you can see that through history there's will from one part and no will from the other and then things change the other one one and the other one the other one does not so you have to in a way create the conditions for example in in the case of Colombia we we studied very very closely all the peace processes that had been negotiated before and we tried to extract what was applicable to our conflict and we said we need some basic conditions in our case first there was a necessity for the guerrilla to see the war as something that will never achieve its objectives for that we need to change the correlation military correlation of forces which we did second the leaders of the of the FARC visa the guerrilla personally had to change their their way of approaching the conflict that it would be for them a good business in terms of they will win out of a negotiation and third in our case very important in today's world the what the military called the asymmetrical wars need the support of the region so we went and made peace with the rest of the region and the case of Colombia for example with Venezuela with Ecuador where we didn't have very good relations and brought them in we brought in the military that are usually are perceived as enemies of peace because during times of war they have a bigger budget and they have their own interest we brought in the military so you have to start defining the conditions that would make a process successful and this needs to be done in a very I would say rigorous manner but there is no conflict that could not be solved there's good work for both parts yeah I fully agree with him and as a president and politician you can have this this political vision in my case being a social activist I think that the social solutions to these problems should also be found people's to people's connect more communication we have to create an ecosystem where people can meet each other like we have we tried in India between India and Pakistan but not just under the banner of peace otherwise it could have become a political issue and sensitive diplomatic issue so we said that both countries need education for their children we are investing so much on arms we must invest invest on education people liked it the parents liked it oh yes we want we want to invest on education why are we investing on this so what should be the priority so we tried to organize series of events like the youth and children's movement between these two countries and we have seen the results these young people when they met each other they said oh the Pakistani children come to India and feel that oh we are at home and so was the case of Indian children went to Pakistan they are so loved by people and taken care by the people and the parents of other children they have that lifelong impression if you are able to build up that it will definitely help people's to people's contact and learning understanding each other respecting each other's culture and language and issues instead of going into other details perhaps it cannot be done so easily with the most intelligent people but so-called innocent children can make it happen and it's possible some of the groups are doing good work between Palestine and Israel also and they have been much more successful in building the bridges through the young people so that is very much possible so I I I'm very optimistic and I'm hopeful that the future world would be led by youth we we should not consider young people as problem but we must consider them as solutions they are solutions they are changes the changes inside them young people are enthusiastic and energetic but they do have a strong element of idealism and that idealism has to be recognized and channelized to make this world a better safer peaceful place and that's why I have recently launched a campaign called hundred million for hundred million hundred million young people are victims of violence that includes slavery trafficking refugee crisis and so on but on the other hand hundreds of millions of young people in university colleges schools who are in well-off situations they wanted to do something good for the humanity for the society their hearts are more open and vibrant for others so we are trying to give them a platform so that these well-off children in schools universities can become the spokesperson change makers and leaders for those hundred million left out young people in the world and this way on one hand we are trying to practically globalize compassion but also we are trying to create a new culture of global citizenship among young people and we have to and I very much count on the power of youth it sounds to me very much that you're describing sort of a grassroots peace movement and I'm wondering if you could talk a little bit about whether you see a grassroots movement as something that a political leader could use well I see something that worries me which is social media and the polarization that we are seeing in many countries and the predominance of emotions over arguments and the social media is in a way tending to emphasize some prejudice that you have you you go and you see who talks to who and there's like a vicious circle you talk to people who think like you or or want to think like you and you reinforce your prejudice or your way of seeing certain things and so the emotions take over and that makes the dialogue much more difficult we have to see how we break that vicious circle because otherwise the extremes will be fed and one one thing that I learned in the process that we had and you see it all around the world when fear takes over in the emotions are multiplied fear is probably the most sought condition for the manipulation of a person or of a community and people many people are like to feed that fear that's why I say that I think that one basic move that we have to make around the world is to try to go again to the center in terms of not allowing emotions to take over the arguments and it's difficult manipulating through emotions from the political point of view much easier and but hopefully mentioned grassroots what we are starting to see is grassroots movements against that manipulation of emotions and hopefully they will be they will succeed because that will it make that up much easier so we are really quite out of time but let's just take one question from the audience that's okay with the two of you does anyone have anything yes I'm going to repeat that question for those who might be watching on the webcast but the question was how do you make adults if children are more have more tendency towards peace and playfulness how do you make adults act like that and our questioner notes that his children are always fighting so childhood does not mean an age factor childhood means transparency purity freedom of mind childhood means forgiveness childhood means quest for learning new things always so that means childhood for me so if we understand that children possess that these values and childhood becomes a bigger value or a virtue so instead of teaching our children sometimes you spend some time when you go back from here sit with your son or daughter or your sister brother just watch just watch for 10 minutes 15 minutes it's a practice and then you will learn that when these two children fight they just forget and forget forget they don't keep in mind they don't have any prejudice so learning from children the learning our own barriers and boundaries of mind and learning simplicity from children that can come through practice well thank you very much please join me in thanking both of our Nobel laureates


What's up everybody, Jason here for jasperyskatesbricks.com 2022, Panini, Prism, World Cup Soccer Choice just sold out. Two box break piggies, number six. And here we go, guys. So Ryan also got last ball moji here. This time it's Mexico.  Appreciate you selling that out. Now again, these are big hit or miss breaks guys, but you can get some massive hits in here guys, depending on the right player and country. So, let's see what we got here. So far we've seen a couple of autos already. Still feel like there's a few more left. Got another auto right here. So we got connections insert there. Uyuris, had a great game time. We got an elephant coming up, nice. Jack Grealish, England out to 135. And Gianluca, for the United States to 135. So I feel like when we see like an animal print, there's usually an auto. He's that's what it seems like. And let's see behind the Uyuris. It's Frederico Valverde for Uruguay. And Rob Roca, it's a little elephant. And then let's see the auto behind Sterling. For Belgium, there you go, international ink. Belgium, that's Ryan. That's a Dennis Priet, so there you go man, on the board with a zebra. We got Frankie de Jong for the Netherlands to 135. And nice Angel de Maria for Argentina, number to 135. Argentina's Robert, Ronkel, first master. Go with the zebra first behind Belgium's Arthur. And Jordan Pickford for England. Got Yoris and Pickford today in this one. That's a zebra for England, going to Mathew Shira. Autograph time guys, autograph time. And Michael Owen, another gold, eight out of 10. Look at that, Mathew with England. Very nice guys, getting a couple gold autos is big. Very nice guys, so this two box break did have two autos, so that's pretty nice. And an elephant and a zebra. So there you go folks, so again, another two are going to be in the store right now if you guys want to get your teams going again. Jaspy'scasebrakes.com guys, thanks.