Today, we are going to talk about the heredity material, the chromosomes, DNA and genes. In this lecture, we are going to cover certain goals, goals of this lecture are structure of the chromosomes, structure and functions of genes, structure and functions of DNA and the heredity information flow, transcription and translation. We start from what is a heredity information flow? Heredity, something that is transferred from one generation to the next generation that is from parents to the offsprings, reproducing itself is a property of life and is the essential property of life. This is the characteristic of all the living organisms that they reproduce themselves and they transfer their characteristics from one generation to the next generation that is from parents to the offsprings. Heredity information flow in living organisms is carried out by the structures or we can say structure or units called the genes. Genes are present in the form of DNA molecules and the DNA molecules are organized in the structures called chromosomes or the chromatin material. We describe it as the chromosomal theory of inheritance that is there is a theory that is proved by various scientists by so many experiments that chromosomes are ultimately responsible for transferring the characteristics of the parent to the offsprings. By conducting many experiments various scientists at different locations in the world proved that without the DNA genes, chromosomes, the heredity information could not be transferred. So the DNA molecule which have genes is responsible for the heredity information flow. Here we look at a diagram which show that as we know that all the cells do have a nucleus if they are eukaryotic cells, if they are prokaryotic cells then they do not have a nucleus that is a region separated by a nuclear membrane from the cytoplasm but they do have a small region inside the center of the cell which is called the nucleotide region. The chromatin material is present inside the nucleus or the nucleotide region. As this diagram shows to you that chromatin material is present in just like entangled threads inside the nucleus if we try to elongate that chromatin material then you can see if you go towards the right side of the diagram you will see that this will be just opened like a thread and we will see more complicated threads which are wound around different sets of proteins. If we open it even more then we will see that there are small sets of proteins. These proteins are called histones. These proteins are the set of those proteins around which DNA molecule is wrapped. Around each histone set as you can see in the diagram there are the DNA fiber is wrapped around twice, two times then if we open it further and separate it from the proteins then we can see the DNA helix separately from the proteins. If we look this is this phase or this structure is actually found when the cell is not dividing that is these are not condensed but when the cell is dividing this chromatin material is present in a condensed form you can see on the extreme right in the form of the structures called chromosomes which are actually highly condensed form of these molecules we call them chromosomes. You can see the various parts of a chromosome inside the center the constricted region is called the centromere around which on the sides are the arms and the very corner of the arms are called the telomere. So this is about a generalized rough idea of that how chromatin material is present inside the chromosome sorry inside the nucleus in the non dividing phase and in the dividing phase. So chromatin is the genetic material chromatin material when we call it chromatin it is actually mainly in the non dividing phase of the cell when we call it a chromosome when this is present in the dividing phase of the cell as we looked in the previous diagram chromatin material actually in non dividing phase is so thin so spreaded so thin that it is not visible under the light microscope when the cell comes in the phase of division then what happen that these chromosomes this these DNA molecules start condensing in the pro phase the first phase of the mitosis the cell or the nuclear division these chromosomes condense and then we must say in more correct terms that the chromatin material condense and they make the condense structures called chromosomes. So chromatin material is a term for more thinner material which is not very visible the chromosome is the more right term for the chromatin material in the dividing phase when it is highly condensed and it is clearly visible under a light microscope if we stained there are certain specific characteristics of the genetic material which actually make it a genetic material because you know that genetic material means that this particular molecule should be able to transmit the heredity information from the parents to the offspring to the next generation it should have certain important functions number one is that it replicates itself number one that the genetic material should replicate itself replica means copy it should be able to copy itself if it is able to copy itself then it could go to the next generation when the cell divides second property is this that it should regulate the growth and development of the organism this particular molecule should have the capability to regulate or control the growth and development of the organism in which it is present for example if we look at the human beings we have so many characteristics we have our eye colors we have our hair colors we in our inside our body we make so many enzymes our skin is made up of cells proteins our hair are made up of different types of proteins every characteristic should be made and all of these things are regulated by the genetic material the third property is this that it allows the organism to adapt to the environmental changes now we know that environment is always changing environment is like a temperature around us is changing always with the seasons wind blowing around us is always changing something sometimes it is too much of wind if sometimes there is a breeze low one sometimes in if it is very it may be very hot sometimes it may be very cold and even there are certain environmental disasters which can change the environment altogether the genetic material should have the property that it can change adapt or we can say mutate itself to give the living organism a room for adapting or dealing with or coping with the changes in the environment so there are three properties which makes a material a molecule a hereditary molecule number one it replicates itself number two it regulates the growth and development of the organism and number three that it allows to adapt allows the organism to adapt to environmental changes in the situation now the chromosomes DNA and the genes chromosomes consist of DNA molecules and proteins when we call it call a genetic material or a DNA molecule a chromosome when this molecule is wrapped around or we can say wound around different types of proteins so chromosome is a complex of DNA wrapped around different types of protein DNA plus proteins in chromosomes DNA is wrapped around proteins few of these proteins are called histones these are a specific type of proteins and they are named as histones as we have seen in the previous diagram that around which there are two full circles of DNA which are wrapped but there are certain other proteins which are also associated with the DNA molecules in the chromosome but these are not histones we can call them non-histone protein so we divide the proteins associated with DNA into histone stones and the non-histone protein so we are talking about the chromosomes the genetic material DNA what is DNA? DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid DNA is large molecule we call it a macromolecule and this is present in all types of organisms except for a few in which the genetic material is RNA in most of the organisms DNA is the genetic material DNA is different as it is present structurally in different types of cells we know that there are cells which are called the prokaryotic cells which don't have a true nucleus there are other cells which are called eukaryotic cells which includes animals and plants these cells have a true nucleus in the prokaryotic cells DNA exist as a circular molecule though this is a chromosome because this is associated with the proteins different types of proteins these proteins are sometimes different from the proteins present in the eukaryotic chromosome but some proteins are similar to that of eukaryotic chromosomes and eukaryotic chromosomes their DNA molecule their chromosome is actually a linear DNA molecule in prokaryotes it was circular DNA molecule in eukaryotes it is a long linear DNA molecule in the form of a chromosome that is associated with different types of proteins histone and non histone proteins the prokaryotes also have another form of DNA present outside their nucleotide region inside their cytoplasm which are small circular DNA molecules these are called plasmids the bacterial chromosome or the prokaryotic chromosome as we know that bacteria are the prokaryotes the prokaryotic chromosomes they have the genes for the regulation of growth for control for development and everything the plasmids which are the we can call them extra nucleotide DNA circular DNA molecules do not have essential genes but these have certain genes for resistance to for example antibiotics resistance to salinity or resistant to extreme environmental conditions so the plasmids give an extra advantage to the prokaryotes particularly the bacteria to cope with the extreme environment in eukaryotes as we talked about that DNA is a linear molecule it is a straight linear molecule there are two more organelles which have their DNA molecule of their own these are the mitochondria and chloroplast mitochondria also have a circular DNA molecule of its own and the chloroplasts which are we know that present in the plant cells and these conduct the photosynthesis these also have their own DNA molecule that is why we assume that mitochondria and chloroplast they may be originated from some bacteria because they matches in their chromosome in their DNA material and in their division of the organelle with the binary fission in the bacteria so DNA molecule in prokaryotes is a circular molecule it may be in the form of a chromosome or a plasmid in eukaryotes DNA molecule is linear and is present in the form of a linearly arranged chromosome and in mitochondria and chloroplast DNA is a circular molecule present inside their matrix next is gene what is a gene gene is a length of DNA that codes for a peptide or a protein so gene is a part of DNA or a piece of DNA that codes for a peptide or a protein gene is nothing but a piece of DNA length of DNA so the chromosomes are the genetic or the chromatin material is the genetic material which is during the mitosis or division phase highly condensed and we call them chromatin material is during the mitosis or division phase highly condensed and we call them chromosomes organisms have different number of chromosomes for example humans have 46 chromosomes present inside each cell the nucleus of each cell these 46 chromosomes are present in 23 pairs onion have 16 chromosomes which are present in 8 pairs while drosophila the fruit fly have 4 chromosomes are present in 2 pairs there are different types of organisms which have different number of chromosomes chromosomes also somehow determines the complexity of life mostly more complex the organism more complex a more number of chromosomes


Okay, so let's start from the agenda for today. We'll start with some highlights and novelties, so things that we have been working at for your gateway. The topic of the day will be the co-creation of some functionalities. So we have some ideas on new functionalities, but we do want you to participate into the process of design, also to understand which are your, if there are any priority, other things that we should add to our list. And we have the use case from Nea Nias, and Nea Nias is a project that ended and there will be Eva Schakka, who I don't know if she already joined, in fact. Yes, hello. Good morning, everybody. Nice to meet you all. Thank you. So she will present us the Nea Nias space research community, and then we will save some time for the questions and the answers. Okay, so the highlights. We have created a new feature for you to create your own menu. So by default, your own page only features the menu at the top, which is a kind of predefined list of items, but we had requests in order to add a more personalized menu. So this is what we have done, and you can access that from the manage section, from the administration section of the dashboard. You can select pages and menus, and there you will be able to create your menus. So you can create menu items that link to a page internal of the gateway or to an external page. For example, your own website or your own training materials or any other things that you think your researchers be interested in. You can decide to show hide the menu, and you can also select the position. So if it's going to be on the left, as in this case here below, or on the right, as in this other case, or in the center. Another thing that we have implemented is the visibility of the curators, because currently, all the managers or the creators of a dashboard are visible in the curators page, as soon as they fill in information about the short biography. So when you add your image, the information about your affiliation, so when you fill in that form in the personal info part, then you are visible. But sometimes you don't want to be visible, so we implemented this button in order for you to hide. So it's likely the Alice in Wonderland cat, so if I'm invisible, there is no Alessia among the curators, but if I click visible, I am. Some work in progress. We had some requests from managers of different dashboards in order to provide more advanced configuration for this collection of products from the open air graph that should be included in the gateways. So the first one was the selection criteria specific for fields of science and sustainable development goals. The classification by FOS and STGs are better features of our content graph. And currently, it's possible to exploit them for creating your own content for the gateway, but it's not really easy. So we are thinking about something that will enable you to select directly the terms from the control vocabularies and the hierarchy. The second feature that was requested was the possibility to select projects and data sources in bulk mode, because now you have to click each data source or each project that is included in your search, which is a little bit tedious, so we will allow to do it in bulk. So you do a search by a term, for example, on the project, you get a list of projects and you can select them all. And then clearly, if there are some false positives in this list, which are not relevant for your community, you can remove it and that you can do it one by one, because we assume that there will be not a lot of false positives if you select the bulk addition. And finally, the combined selection criteria, what does it mean? It means that basically, what is currently available only on the data source selection, which allows you to create additional filters so that you can say, for example, I want in the gateway everything that comes from HAL, which is a repository, but not really everything, only those products whose contributor is Daria. So that last part, so whose contributor is Daria, is only applicable to a specific data source, but we will enable these kinds of filters to be applicable to everything, everything that is available in the open air graph. So the topic of the day, the creation of new functionalities. We had some ideas with the other members of the open air team, both technical but not only the technical team. And we thought about this for let's say, yes, ideas, and we would like to ask you if you have something to propose or if something is really not interesting for you and we should not work on that. So starting from the gateway pages, currently you cannot create a page from scratch and this is technically, currently not possible, but you can edit the pages that are available. So for example, you can change the content of the methodology page or you can change the page or you can change the content of other pages. But in fact, you cannot change for example, the title of the page. So what we were thinking is if you need other specific pages to be added so that you cannot content in the proper context. For example, there is no page now for you to add the open science practices of your community. So would this be something that you would exploit that you would use or is there any other page that you would like to have in order to add it? Another idea was the Twitter feed. So do you have a Twitter account and would you like to show the tweets from that account or with a specific handle in your gateway? And if yes, where we should put this box with a Twitter feed? Then we have some ideas to help you with the engagements with the users of the gateway, which are basically the researchers of your community. Because currently we don't do basically anything. We completely rely on what you're doing on your side with your community. But maybe we could send some notifications to the members who subscribed to the gateway, trying to make them come back and be more active in using your gateway more than they are doing now. So we could, for example, send notification emails when you as a manager change the configuration or when we see that there is a high impact publication included in the gateway that was not available before. Or we can send a monthly overview of what's happening in the community with some numbers like the number of subscribers, the numbers of applications, the numbers of managers that are fine tuning the gateway and so on. Clearly, there could be other ways. So we are open to suggestions and how to support you to engage with the users. And finally, the deposit functionalities. Currently, when you go to the deposit functionality, you can search on all the sources that are available in Okinawa. Now, we don't think that this is really useful for the community itself for a specific community. And we thought that a good idea would be that you know which are the repositories that are suggested for your community and you can suggest those. So in this way, in the gateway, we could highlight the community specific repositories, maybe with some comments from you that explain why or how to use this repository for the research products. And okay, we can start a small survey with Mentimeter that Julia prepared. And then we can start the conversation. Can you see my screen? Yes. Okay, so you can go to Mentimeter, Menti.com, enter the code or simply scan the QR code. You can click the hearts or the tabs up when you are here. So I can see that more people are here. Okay. Okay, I'm going to the questions. From some reason I can't. Okay, give me a second. I don't know why it's not presenting. Okay. So would you like more pages in the gateway portal, as Alessia suggested? So you like the idea? Yes, it seems. Okay. So now we want to know which page. Okay. What extra content do you desire in the gateway? So as I was saying before, we were thinking about one about open science, where maybe as open air we can start with some general guidelines, but then you can fine tune with specific best practice from your communities. But I don't know if you want to have other pages for other things that maybe you do in your projects or in your initiative. Now let's see. If a gateway gathers input from more than one scientific community, it would be great to display them separately. Even manually filtering the result. YouTube channels. Ah, for demo video results or repository of presentations and slides. Knowing where lists come from would be great. Many filters applied. Okay. And general guidelines for beginners. How the gateway can add to authors to make the research outputs more reusable. Okay. Guidelines and explanation of regulation. Relating data to publications would be good. Okay. I mean, the gateway really has the links between publications and data. So I don't know if maybe the suggestion was to have a page where we describe maybe the process, the processes that are used in order to link publications and data. There's going to be situations more for the university alliances. Okay. What orchid? This is a little bit vague. If you want to speak, feel free to take the microphone. Okay. I will move to the other questions. Okay. So here there were some suggestions that we would like you to rate or to click. But you would like to have what is for you of major interest in the web page. So the first option suggest repositories is for the deposit functionality and the guidelines and open science practices is one of the new page that we propose to have. The Twitter feeds, but we should investigate also the LinkedIn. Indeed. Okay. And the blog items. Okay. Any suggestions for new future contents that you would like? I think somehow they already did in the previous one. Okay. Well, in any case, if you think even later, let us know even by emailing us. Okay. So here it's more an engagement request. If you need some material that you decide as to produce like newsletter or news items for your newsletter, leaflets, templates, I don't know. So anything that can be helpful for your user engagement activities? Tutorial. Okay. Tutorial for users. Okay. So we already started preparing some mini video tutorials, but they were focusing on the administration functionality. So probably we should also think about having tutorials for the end users. And this can be done in collaboration with the team of the Explorer portal as well, because most of the functionalities are in common. Clearly if you want, let's say a tutorial branded for your gateway specifically, we can do that together. And API, I have to say that we already have them. So if you go on the developed page in your gateway, you will find some basic instruction on how to use the API of OpenR. And thank you very much for the feedback that you had. Okay. So I think I don't know if there are any questions in the chat. Let's check before giving the floor to Eva. So yes, there is a question regarding outreach and engagement. Do you maybe have video tutorials on how to use the different functionality of the dashboard for the users and how to link their publications to the gateways? Okay. So yes, this is something that we should work on, as I said. And Irina suggests that Twitter feed would not be a high priority now that we have many living and moving to Mastodon. Okay. So we should investigate LinkedIn and Mastodon, which I don't know. So it would be interesting to investigate upon. And Joseph suggests to be more transparent to the users about the filters that we are applying. And I agree. A question from Martin. Hi, Martin. So we have created about 500 links, but they are not yet visible in the gateway. And sometimes this is possible because it requires a little, I mean, all the things that you add via the linking process is added automatically if you imported the publications or datasets from Crossref, Datasite or Orchid. But if you enrich something that is already in open air, then it takes some more time. And this is because we need to merge the new information that you added with the one that we have. And we do this every time we update the content of the open air graph. But I will check your specific case later after school to see that everything is properly set. We will try to modify the methodology page, but we don't have access to change it. This is instead strange, and you should be able to do it. So I will take a look at this. Okay. Then there was the suggestion to enrich metadata with orchid information wherever possible. Okay. And we already have an integration with Orchid, which allows you to basically tell Orchid that one publication that you found in the gateway is yours. And we are exchanging information with Orchid. So this information goes back and forth in order to reach both the open air graph and the Orchid information. And it's not something that you cannot manually. You cannot type your Orchid. But you cannot be with Orchid and in this way, your Orchid profile is linked to the open air profile. Joseph asks if we exploit other PID systems, so systems for persistent identifiers in addition to Orchid, like Cloud for Institution. Yes, we do. We use RAR, GRID, and ISNI and other type persistent identifiers for organizations. For the authors, we only support Orchid. For publications, we support a wide range of PIDs, also based on what is supported by the open air guidelines for the repositories. So DOI, ANDOL, PubMed identifiers, and so on and so forth. And I think I went through all the questions. So I think it's time to leave the floor to Eva, who will present the use case for the Neonias space research community. Eva Schacke is a researcher at the ENAF, which is the National Institute of Astrophysics. Yes, in Italy, basically in Italy. Hello, thank you, Alessia. Okay, thank you, Alessia and Julia for inviting me to this meeting. Yes, my name is Eva Schacke. I am a researcher at the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, and I work at the Astrophysical Observatory of Catania. And I will briefly present the Neonias project today with the gateways that we developed within Neonias. I've seen also some people belonging to the project, so maybe they will include the further details. But the Neonias project was funded within the IOSC calls related to publishing to the IOSC innovative services in different thematic communities. The project started in November 2019 and just ended October 2020. With three thematic communities have been involved in the Neonias that you can see here, the underwater atmospheric and the space community. And me working in the astrophysics field, I belong to the space community leading the related work package that was aimed at the development of thematic services in the space area, so for astrophysicists and planetary scientists. So we have developed these thematic services and exposed them through different channels, let's say. We have onboarded the services to the IOSC, so they are available in the IOSC marketplace and the IOSC platforms. But we have also developed our own service catalog that is, however, compatible with the IOSC portal and can exchange information between the Neonias catalog and the IOSC portal. But we have also developed some portals to collect our results and also showcase to the community our results, our publications and the data employed. At the first attempt, let's say, the beginning of the project, we as the space community, we have decided to develop our own thematic portal to collect all the information related to the space community. In this portal, we have collected all the links to join the services, but we have also linked to some platforms such as the Twitter from the Neonias channel, from the Neonias project. And thanks to RSS, we were able to connect to the main Neonias repository to show some blog articles and disseminations articles. Then quite, it was the third year of the project, we started to build our community gateways, one for each of the thematic communities. So you will find one for the atmospheric, one for the underwater and one for the space. And I will show the one that we developed for the space community. You can see here, and you can reach it from Neonias-space-openair.u. And just some days ago, we discovered that this new functionality is about the menu. And in our case, it was very important because we wanted to link with, of course, the Neonias project website, but also we were able to link the three different communities. So if I go to the atmospheric, I can navigate to the atmospheric community. I can go back to the space community. And in this portal, we were able to expose and to show which are the main subjects we work on and the services that we developed in which area you can use them. So we have identified them through the subjects list, but we have used, of course, the summary that is the main page of the gateway to expose our services so that is much easier to reach these services and the related documentation to use them. As supporting organizations, we have included Openair, but we have included all the organizations that are members of the work page related to the space services. Also, what I can show is that these are, yes, decorators and I think this is a new functionality. And we connected our page, not only with the Neonias project that is the main driver, but with other European projects where our services are being employed, for example, ECOGAL, ESCAPE and Vialatte. And then we have also used the links to the Neonias communities and especially we are linked to the Neonias community that has been created for the Neonias project, but unfortunately it is not very much populated. This is just one entry and Cristobal Bordillo is linked in the call so he can say something more about this upload, but this was a great opportunity to promote this latest result from the Neonias that is also a Gold Open Access publication and to access the data that have been used for this publication that has been published in just physical journal letters. So this is basically all. I'm very open for your questions or any curiosity about how we developed something on the gateway. I have to say that we couldn't have much effort on these gateways because we developed nearly during the mid of the third years. So we were going to close the project, but I believe that we will still have time to enrich with the new functionalities these gateways. So feel free to ask me any questions. I know in the call there is Cristobal that is another project curator for the space, but maybe if there are curators from the other two areas from the atmospheric and underwater, please feel free to add any additional details that I may have missed. Thank you. Thank you Eva. Thank you very much for this presentation. So let me check if there is any question on the chat. Okay, since this is not the case. So since we have some more time for questions, I would like to ask you one. So what do you think that was the more complex activity to do to set up your gateway? Okay, to say that maybe the most complex activity and maybe something that needs to be reviewed is the filtering on the selection of the publications because as you can see in our gateway, we are working in areas that are transversal all around the different communities. So for example, if we add a subject, machine learning or deep learning, we get many thousands of publications that are not related to space. So neither to astrophysics or planetary science or astronomy in general. So in this case, we had to change or add additional tags. So for example, we have also put at the beginning image processing that was quite vast and broad subject. So we put astronomical image processing. The same for machine learning, astronomical machine learning. So if it would be possible to add complex relations between the tags with the logics, some logics and or and some more complex filtering would be of help. The same for the data, because we discovered in the data, some data set that have nothing in interest in our community. So this is what we discovered. Yes. One of the managers will benefit from the new feature of complex criteria that we are working on, working progress functionality. Thanks. Okay. And there is a question on the chat from Mattei. Mattei, would you like to speak? What is the relation between the services and the gateway? Yeah, if I call it right. Because on the gateway and I clicked on the services you talked about and I get to this catalog of services, which is a separate thing, right? Yes, it's a separate one. So it's just a link. Yes, you're right. Because the services are apart, they are running in different computing infrastructures and developed within different environments. So within me they are running on a cloud. It is the cloud. But just to make links from there is a way also to make visible our work we have done. Also because in the project we had a very high KPI on users reaching. We had to reach about 1,000 users. So we had to promote as much as possible the services to gather more users. And of course we have also published many results on scientific publications in both area of astronomy, planetary science, computer science, machine learning. So this way was also to collect material and maybe find related works that were related to our studies. Thank you. You're welcome. Thank you. And then if I made then kind of a follow-up question would be and probably would rather go to Alessia. I mean in EOS portal there is the research products plus services are kind of one of the resource types that are being presented. Here not, but in the sense of exactly of this interlinking and kind of saying that in these publications we use this service and this data set was created by this service. I wonder if you have any considerations on the kind of question of what to do with services or representing them there or? Yes, thanks for the question. So all the work to introduce the concept of services in the open air graph is ongoing and we are doing this in the context of the project called EOSC future. So basically we already have an open air portal that shows the services and the EOSC portal is one of the sources from which we collect the information. On the other hand, we have to exploit on how to link the research outputs to this service, which is the most important things apart from the dissemination of the existence of the service clearly. And our text mining team already made some experiments on this but yes these experiments were yes it's complicated and the experiments were run when there were very few services registered in the EOSC portal. So we didn't have many examples in order to understand for example how the publications refer to the service because they are not acknowledged as a project for example. Very difficult yes. So I can only say that it's a work in progress. Okay very good thank you. But of course this may be very interesting so you know and you are acknowledged as a service provider let's say for the results the scientific results that come out from the service. Yes in fact we have been working with several research infrastructures which have a connect gateway and in that case they do not want to have a portal with all the publications all the products about a specific scientific domain but they only want those that have been produced thanks to the infrastructure and thanks to the services that are provided by the infrastructure. And in that case we are in some cases we are able for example to understand which are the publications that describe results which were produced then to one of their services but in other case we cannot because it really depends on the community you work with and which are the practices that they use. And also in some cases for example with the RISIS community which is the innovation and science policy research infrastructure it was very easy for some data sets and services and it was very hard for others. So for example it is more easy to understand which are the publications related to the CWTS dataset but it was very hard to find those that were related to Cheetah which is another one that they have. So even inside the same community there were very different use cases to be to be addressed so this is still a challenge. Maybe there should be a simple mechanism related to such as we do with DOI to cite other papers. So to assign I know maybe difficult to assign DOIs to services because they evolve quite quickly but I don't know something maybe related to the ESC portal just assigning a persistent identifier at least for the portal. Then the service is another thing because it's an evolving software. So are there any other comments or questions? I think this is not the case. So Julia would you like to add anything else before we close? No I really like to thank you for the inputs that you have given to me and if you have some ideas specifically to start working on a template for left leads or tutorials please let me know. Okay. Okay I would still have one question using the opportunity that we are here. I would like to understand the relation between the ESC portal or ESC catalogue and open air. I mean it seems it's quite obvious that it's the same I understand that it's the same technology behind it. But are they completely different threads and partly the data is overlapping as well right and the kind of sources where the data is coming from so I would like to understand how the two relate to each other or not at all. Okay no yes they are related so the ESC portal started and it only had services. In the open air graph you can find research outputs but not the services. So what we did is that we included the services in the open air research graph and we developed the ESC explore portal that shows everything that we add in the graph plus the services from the ESC portal. But one of the tasks in the future was to have an ESC research product catalogue. So instead of building everything from scratch again and re-aggregate everything as open air was already doing it was decided that the ESC research product catalogue could be based on the content of the open air graph. So what we do is that we select from the open air graph the products that are relevant for the ESC and we provide this information to the team who's creating the portal and the index the service that is beyond that yes. Okay and so basically it's really downstream so from the open air research graph there is some set of rules that select a subset of the data that is passed on to do your resource catalogue. Exactly yes and it is kind of re-indexed separately in some other system. Yes yes. Okay cool okay thank you and these rules of kind of the selection the filter how is that defined? For now we include everything that comes from repositories or data sources in general that are registered in the ESC. Okay yeah okay makes sense thank you cool. Then maybe we can expand when we have the link between products and services maybe we should add also those products that are linked to services registered in the ESC but this is yet to come. I would have one more question. Please please. But maybe it's just my ignorance I was wondering how is it in the dashboard of the of the kind of community or somewhere else do I have the option to see the usage or how many people how people use individual or how many clicks views individual resources have or how often kind of is it used actually? You have some information I can share my screen. It's the gate we have today so let's try this one. So if you open a publication and we take one for by chance we should see if there are some information about the usage. So that should be publicly available next to the yes because I mean okay here it is these are for example the treats but we also have information about the download and the views based on the usage counts service. Okay this publicly available information on the level of the resource so to say so I don't have this okay I was wondering something kind of from the point of view of the dashboard if I could have come aggregate the statistics of so how about the problem that's okay. That's interesting so it's something that I will write down. But okay thank you this is already helpful you know and now I stop I promise. No no we are here for for questions and for clarifications so this is why we we want to organize these community calls so thank you for your interest and your questions. Thank you for the great work. So the next community call will be in March there is already the the next call written on the 31st of March at the same time so from 12 to 13 and we will present the new novelties and another community call. So at the moment I'm writing you email one gateway per gateway but I will try to make another mailing list if it's not a problem for you. In a way that that we are trying to be all together and we can we can talk. In any case feel free to contact me and Alessia if you have either technical programs or you would like to have more outreach and engagement for your specific gateway and if you would like to have some kind of material or if you want to start with us the tutorial for users and Alessia. Yes thank you Julia and thank you all for being here today and I wish you all a great day and have a good one.


I'm going to be sharing with you my experiences of building a new audience from scratch. So I just started a side project a month ago, July, pretty much July 1st, 2018. And this is a project that isn't about business and marketing. It's about personal and spiritual growth. That's what I also have a passion in. But I've never made money. I've never tried to make money with personal, spiritual growth, coaching, mentoring, you know, courses, etc. And I think maybe I might in the future. So what I'm doing now is building a brand new audience in that topic of personal and spiritual growth. And what I'm going to do is do it as if I am starting from scratch. I am not telling you what it is so that you can't go and find it. You, my audience. So that new project will not have the benefit of my current audience, my existing audience. And one of the reasons is because a lot of you frequently ask me, George, how would you build something from scratch if you didn't have the existing audience that you have, right? Because that's where a lot of you are at. You don't have the email subscriber list or the Facebook fan list or the YouTube subscribers that I have. You're just starting from zero. So how do you, how do you do it? Well, I wanted to experience that personally again. And so this is partly why I'm doing this without telling you what it is until it gets enough traction where I feel like, okay, now I can reveal it to you. And it'll add to the traction, but it wouldn't seem fair for this new project that I'm testing as a case study if I just told you what it was and anyway. So I'm going to be sharing basically, right now I'm thinking I'll share one video each month talking about how it's going and what I'm learning from it. And let me know if you have any questions about it, not, won't reveal any details about where to find it. But, and by the way, I should say in that new business, I don't mention my name, obviously. Otherwise they would be able to go and research and find who I am. And then the audiences would start to mix together. So I'm using a different name, not, not a pseudonym, but just a different kind of business name. I'm not even saying my name and it's not about business marketing. So, all right. So there are three lessons that I want to share that I'm learning thus far in this first month of starting a new audience. The first lesson is, you know, it's not easy. It's hard. It's hard. But don't be looking for results so quickly. Okay. I am only spending two hours a week on that side project. Because most of my entire week is spent doing this project, this business. This is how I pay my bills and, you know, it takes all of my energy. So I only have two hours of, I barely, I'm supposed to be resting on Saturdays, but I dedicated two hours now to work on this side project. So it's a rest Sabbath day, except for the two hours I spend on this side. And I figure it's a personal spiritual growth thing. So it's kind of Sabbath-y. So you probably have more than two hours to spend on your business, I hope, every week. And actually some of you are like in an intense full-time job.  Maybe you are caretaking, an elderly parent, or you have kids or whatever. And you maybe only spend a couple hours a week on your business. Every, you know, building your audience. You're a new business because it's not paying the bills yet. So you can't sink as much time as you'd like. So I'm in the same shoes you are now with this new thing. So the first lesson is it's hard, you know, as an example, I'm just using a Facebook page right now. I don't even have a website. So this is telling, okay? How I'm building a new business, I don't. I'm not even planning to do a website. I'm doing it completely just on a Facebook fan page, a business page, professional page, whatever you want to call it. Not a profile, but a business page. And I'm just doing a Facebook business page and I'm doing Facebook ads. I don't even have a YouTube channel, even though I have videos on here. Just Facebook, that's it. To build up a whole entire audience on there. And yes, down the road, I probably will create a website for it. I probably will have a YouTube channel. But right now, now you can kind of see my mindset. I think about everything in terms of experimentation. If it's not proving to meet, you know, meet my needs or other people's needs yet, I'm not going to work so hard to do all this stuff. Now I'm not saying you shouldn't have a website. That's not what I'm saying. I'm just saying, I always take everything with a minimal effort, the minimal effort necessary to experiment. And if something seems to have promised, then I'll put a little bit more effort into it. And then see if that has promised and I'll put a little bit more effort into it. And if it doesn't have promised, I'll pull the plug and I'll do something else, you know, as quickly as I can. And that's one of the key lessons I think in entrepreneurship that a lot of people don't realize. You've got to learn how to pull the plug on something. Yes, you can allow yourself a little bit of sadness, a little bit of wish that I'd worked out, a little bit of regret. A little bit, just okay. I think that part of myself are caring about me enough to have some sadness, to have enough to have some regret. I think that part of myself, thank you for your concern. And then after a couple hours, hopefully of sadness and regret, then I move on, you know? And that's the whole other thing I'll talk about next week. I just launched something, in fact, recently in this business that didn't work out at all. And I'll talk about that lesson and how I'm pivoting as a result. So anyway, so this new business, it's hard. My first couple of postings got, I spent $40 to advertise my first, I should say my first video with my writing. I spent $40 to advertise it to some targeted audiences on Facebook. And $40 later, I got two likes on that post. I had reached thousands of people, more than about 2,500 people. I got two likes on that post, zero comments, zero shares, of course, and still zero likes on my page. Remember, I'm not inviting my friends and family. I'm not, you know, just as if I'm a stranger in the world. And these are strangers. I purposely, when I advertise to new audiences, I purposely exclude George Cal fans. And I exclude anybody who has engaged with the George Cal page for a year, because that's all I can do. That's the farthest I can go. So I'm literally trying to go with a brand new audience. Anyway, so first post, first video, no beginner's luck. I can only do one video a week. That's all I have time for. $40, nothing. Two likes, and they weren't even loves.  OK, and so I've had four weeks into this new project. So I've done two other videos. And I advertised the second video now. And the second video had better results. Also $40, it reached 2,000 more people, because Facebook noticed that people were watching the video longer, so they showed it to more people. That's how Facebook ads work. If Facebook notices the audience is engaging with the thing, they'll show it to even more people at the same price. So it's more efficient advertising dollars if your content is the right, if it's good, and the right match with the audience. So my second video reached almost double the number of people for the same price. And I got seven likes for the second video now, instead of just two. I got one comment, my first one ever. It was a positive comment saying, well done, good job. Like, of course, I don't know this person. The person doesn't know me. And it was first comment. I got three shares. And my first two page likes. So kind of exciting starting out. And then the third post that I made was only my writing, just the status update, no links, no images, no video, just the writing. It was quite long. And then I boosted it for $40 as well. So you can tell, basically, I'm substituting money for time. I don't have time, so I have to spend money. If you have less money and more time, then you spend more time. But I have less time. I have more money, so I spend the money. So I'm planning to spend upwards of $300 a month on ads for this new project, not knowing whether it'll work yet. So between $150 to $300 a month is what I'm planning to spend because of lack of time. If I had more time, I would spend maybe, well, if I wanted to make things go quicker, I would probably still spend $200 to $300 a month on Facebook ads. But let's say you don't have that much budget. Let's say you only have $40 a month to spend on Facebook ads, then you need more time. No, so then you need to create more content. You need to personally reach out to people to let them know about this new project, which, again, I can't do that because I'm trying to not have my current audience and network know about it to start from scratch, only using Facebook ads to reach new people, to see what happens if somebody were alone in the world and that's all they could do is using Facebook ads. Could they make something work? That's what I'm trying to prove, right? So anyway, so the third ad that I ran was just writing, $40 as well, 67 likes. OK, so just to recap, $40 on the first posting, that was the video, two likes. And that was rather short videos, like a two or three minute video, OK? Two likes. The next video was about eight minutes long, so it's quite a bit longer. I mean, maybe even longer than that. It was eight minutes. It was quite a bit longer than the first one. Seven likes, $40, a couple of shares now and a couple of page likes, OK? Third thing I did was only my writings, OK? Without video, I've said this before. Those of you who have watched me know this before. The format really does matter. Some of us look better on video. Some of us don't look better. I'm just talking objectively. I'm not saying please pity me or whatever. I've said this before. I am objectively not good looking for video. Those of you who have watched me for a while, you already have developed a liking for how I look. But somebody who has no idea who I am, they're not going to be interested in how I look on video and how I sound. So that's not my strength. But I was hoping that I could build an ideal audience just with my video. And I still might do videos and not my advertising. But my writing is clearly now stronger for somebody who has no idea who I am than my videos are. And so I got 67 likes out of $40, add six comments, six comments now, nine shares of that post and six more page likes. So way better than my first two postings. OK, so that's my first lesson is it's hard when you don't have a network yet. You don't have an audience yet. You're just building from scratch. It's hard because people, they just take your content at face value. If you're showing up on video, are you good looking? Do you sound good? Are you entertaining enough for them? If not, they don't have any obligation towards you to like it or whatever or share it. And so find your strength. Is it in writing? Is it in video? Some of you are entertaining on video. Some of you are naturally good looking, whatever. You might be entertaining. You don't have to be good looking, but you have to be entertaining on video for strangers to even want to watch it. You have to, entertaining can mean many ways. Some of you are funny. Some of you are quirky. Some of you might be just really eloquent. Somebody whose videos I've been watching a lot lately is Jordan Peterson. I know he's a really super politically controversial figure. Jordan Peterson, look him up. Jordan B. Peterson, super famous now on YouTube. And he's not objectively good looking on video. He's not entertaining in any kind of way, except his words. He just knows how to put words together. He is so eloquent. I just, I don't really even watch him on video. I listen to his videos. So that's how he's entertaining. So all of us have different ways of being entertaining. I try to be more entertaining for you on my videos by being talking a bit faster sometimes. And sometimes I do slow down and try to make a point. So that's how I try to be entertaining on video. It's performance, right? Video is performance, even though I try to be authentic. I try to be authentically entertaining. I guess is what I'm trying to do. Just, I'm not trying to pretend to be someone I'm not, but I'm trying to find ways that I naturally am entertaining and engaging, right? So anyway, I guess maybe in my side project, in my personal growth, spiritual growth stuff, I try to be calmer. And so maybe I'm more boring because I'm like talking more slowly and I'm just kind of talking things through. So that might be what's boring people. Anyway, so second lesson learned. Second lesson learned is to manage your comments. So I told you the first comment that I had was a positive comment and I was very grateful for that. The second comment that I got was on my second video. The first comment on my second video was really weird. It was from somebody I think, no, I don't want to judge this, but this person may have emotional issues or mental issues and was kind of being a bit morbid in that comment. I mean, I can kind of see what she was saying, but she was also kind of punctuation wasn't there and it was just, so number one, the comment punctuation was weird already. It wasn't quite nicely written English. And secondly, the ideas were getting into a bit more emotional negativity and all that stuff. And I made the mistake of not deleting that comment or banning that user for a couple of days. And the very next comment after that was also kind of weird from somebody else completely. And after that second weird comment, I decided to delete both comments and ban both users. Now, you might say, well, gosh, that's kind of harsh, George. Here's the thing, the world is a very, very big place. Your ideal audience is relatively very small compared to the rest of the world, right? World has, Facebook has two billion users, with a B, two billion users. And your ideal audience, maybe in your lifetime of your business, maybe if you're lucky, it might be in the millions, maybe, but it's more likely your ideal audience is somewhere in the tens of thousands. In the lifetime of your business, and right now I have 5,000 Facebook fans and I already have a very thriving business. So maybe you might get to 15, 20, 50,000 fans at some point and your business will be super thriving by then, super thriving, right? So your ideal audience is not that big compared to the amount of users on Facebook. So it's important to keep curating the comments that you're getting. So that's, so basically what I did was I deleted those weird comments and banned both users. Ban just means that they can no longer find my page. It's not punishing them in any way. I'm not punishing their Facebook account. It just means, okay, they can't find my postings, find my page anymore and comments on it. That's all, that's all that means. So I deleted it and then I, first I banned them. I think the steps are you have to ban them first and then you have to take the second step of deleting the comments. So after I did that, within 24 hours, I started getting positive comments on that same video, that second video. And that just made, taught me a lesson. Like maybe there were a bunch of people who wanted to write positive comments, but they were seeing weird comments and it kind of turned them off and made them not want to comment. And so positive comments tend to attract more positive comments. At the same time, weird comments or negative comments will depress the positive commenters or the supportive commenters or the thoughtful commenters from chiming in. So that's the second lesson that I learned. And then I guess the third lesson that I learned finally is that the reality is I'm not gonna make money on the side project for a while because again, two hours a week spending on it, it's really not enough time, but my plan is to follow my 10 year plan on the side project. It might take me more than 10 years if I'm only spending two hours a week on it. So, but certainly at least for the first year I'm just gonna focus on content, not gonna be able to make money from it, I'm not gonna try to sell anything. And so therefore the third lesson for me is to focus on, focus to think of the purpose of the project as for my own growth in my skills of communicating in that arena, that topic, my skills of communicating there and the sophistication of my thoughts in that arena. Even though I think I have some pretty profound personal growth and spiritual growth thoughts, that's just in my own head, I think I'm profound. When I communicate it, the audience will judge whether I'm profound, the audience will judge whether it's useful and whether it's inspiring, whether it's easy to understand. And that's what I'm practicing for the next year, right? In communicating in the spiritual personal growth areas on that separate page. And I know I will get better at it. Quality through quantity. When it comes to content, we get to become skillful and profound, funny, entertaining, whatever we wanna be through quantity, through doing a lot of it and just practicing the muscles and seeing a lot of failure. Failure, there is no failure, it's just silence. Nobody cared about what we said. Fine, on to the next one. On to the next one, right? So there's a lot of lessons here that I'm not sharing just because I've already integrated that into myself because I've been doing content now so solidly for years. But I guess maybe a fourth lesson that is obvious to me, you may need to still integrate this, is you gotta be on a schedule. I mean, so I'm on a schedule. Saturdays, like I said, I don't feel like doing a side business on a Saturday. That's my Sabbath. I suppose we rest on that day. Not supposed to be working, right? So, but I show up anyway for two hours. I just say, hey, Sabbath, you can have the morning as a Sabbath. You can have the afternoon and evening. Just give me two hours in the middle of the day, please. All right, fine, fine. So I don't feel like doing it, but I'm showing up anyway. It's Saturday, I'm gonna do it, no matter what. Even if nobody responds to my videos, right? Because brand new audience, I'm still gonna show up. I'm gonna write, at this point, I'm probably gonna do more writing because it looks like that's a lot more acceptable objectively by people who don't know me. But that's important, just keep showing up. Have a schedule. Have a schedule and just show up, no matter what. No matter, no audience. No money, no feeling like doing it. Show up, right? Show up anyway. So that's what I'm doing for the next year and I will be updating you once a month on how that's going and what I'm learning from building a brand new audience in a brand new field with no connections there, that I'm using at all. No using no connections, using just my own intuition, my own self, my own life experience, that's all. So thanks for those of you who were able to join me here. Hugh and Eric, Ian, Prem, Captain, thanks for joining me. Did I get to see here, Isabel, thanks. And Hugh just asked, who is that picture? Well, can anyone guess, I'm pointing in the right direction. Can anyone guess who that is? I'll let you guess and next time I'll let you know who that is. So all right, have a great rest of the day. Remember just to show up for your business. Gotta show up, otherwise it's not gonna build itself and content is really the foundation of any authentic business, I'll call it but just basically any business that's based on your own skills and passion and message, content is the base of it, because that's how we really grow to become skillful at using, at talking in that field, skillful at inspiring people in that field, skillful at the field itself, you'll know more, you'll know more, be able to do better things, right? So all right, okay, yes. Those of you who are guessing correctly, yeah, it's Gandhi, Mr. Gandhi, Captain, Hugh got it right. Yeah, in case anybody's wondering, I don't worship him, it's not like, I don't have a guru. I don't worship Gandhi or anything, I just respect him a great deal because of his values and he's a symbol to me of humble service, humble service, self-sacrificial service, but he changed the world and changed so many people's lives and seemed like he had a really good feeling about for himself too, so it wasn't suffering and yes, he of course suffered some, but I feel like he really enjoyed his, and it's a weird way to say it, but he really enjoyed his life because of the service, because of the integrity he felt about what he was doing and that's just a profound way of living, right? So anyway, Miriam, good to see you here as well. Have a great day everybody, show up for your business and I hope you found this helpful, bye for now.


Hey everyone, welcome back to my kitchen and welcome back to another monthly freezer meal prep. We are gonna be tackling some baking today and I am so excited. As usual, I have a variety of different styles of eating and baking. I have some dairy-free options. I have gluten-free options. I have regular recipes. So if you're fine with the sugar and flour, I've got that. I've also got some keto-friendly options. I love to mix it up and give you guys a lot of ideas, especially if you are working with different types of eating or allergies. So this first recipe is definitely a family-friendly one and does not cater to the allergies, but it is so delicious. My girls cannot keep their hands out of these and they are a cookies and cream pudding cookie. When I saw this recipe online, I knew I had to make it and I've actually had the ingredients around for a while. So today I decided to go ahead and tackle it and I definitely think I'll be making them again in the future and then possibly doubling the recipe. Usually whenever I make a recipe for the first time, I don't like to go ahead and double it just because I don't know if everyone will enjoy it or not, but this was one we really enjoyed. And I love making cookies for the freezer because they freeze so well and you all know that I've even done cookie dough. That's another thing that freezes really well. So you could actually make this dough up and then just make it into balls and put it in the freezer and bake the portion sizes that you want at one time. So the recipe is relatively simple. You use an Oreo cookie pudding mix. You've got some of your normal cookie ingredients and then you put white chocolate chips and crush up Oreos into the batter. So you're done mixing it up. It almost looks like ice cream and right at the end I went ahead and just put my hands in and just mixed the chunky ingredients together that way. I would love to hear in the comments your best butter melting hacks when you wanna soften butter really quickly. I saw this one and to be honest, I don't think I did it right or it didn't work very well, but that's to put a hot glass over the stick of butter and let it sit. Let me know your advice in the comments. This next recipe is gluten-free. It's also keto-friendly and it is some cinnamon roll bread and I actually baked it up in my little containers that you all know I use all the time. They have green lids and I decided to go ahead and make it in that because I felt like it might give me a better sized loaf because a lot of times when you make keto or gluten-free bread, it can kind of be a little flat so I thought this would work out better and it really worked perfectly. This bread is not very sweet. The only sweetener is in the swirl part that you layer in with the nutmeg and the cinnamon. So if you enjoy a less sweet bread with some butter on top of it, you will really love this one and it was very simple to put together. It has baking powder in it and it just was easy to whip up and dump into the pans. I wanna thank Thrive Market for sponsoring this portion of today's video. Thrive Market is an online membership-based grocery store on a mission to make healthy living easy and affordable to everyone. You are guaranteed savings. You can shop thousands of best-selling organic foods and natural products below traditional retail prices. Find a better price elsewhere and they will match it. You can get anything from organic kids' products, wine, meat, seafood and frozen veggies shipped right to your door. Before I even get into this haul, I have to say I have never received a package so well-packed. It was literally rolled in this. If it was something that could leak, they have a plastic piece that is completely sealed around the object so all of the stuff that you see that could leak, it could never cause an issue and damage the whole box which I think is absolutely amazing. I think everywhere should package their things like that. They just do an incredible job with that. So I've used Thrive Market for years and I love them so much. They have all kinds of things that I normally would not find. I don't have a very good health food store near me and so this is a really great place to find literally everything and anything. I have some Stevia sweetened chocolate chips. I'm really excited to try out this brand. They are a Zero Sugar Peached Ice Tea and I love half and half. This is a Mayo that I love and use a lot. So they have a lot of brands that you probably already use. The variety of things that they have is crazy. They have skincare and they have, this is like a personal care wash and obviously things for feminine hygiene and they have home cleaners. I'm really excited about trying this. I first of all love Nutpods brand but this one here is Toasted Marshmallow which sounds so delicious. You can go in and literally shop by your eating style so if you want gluten-free or dairy-free or if you want paleo or anything like that, you will find it there. These are some cashews that are everything bagel seasoning on them. This brand I've purchased it at the store. It was just so nice to be able to get everything in one spot and then these are some little mini cookies and then they were running a promo where they put in a free item in your cart and you could choose what that item was out of a couple different choices. So I chose this Chomps beef sticks. I love having beef sticks on hand. Can't wait to dig in to some of this stuff and use it. Thrive Market has a monthly membership option for $9.95 a month and a yearly membership option for $59.95 and that's the one I personally use. That's only $5 a month. So click on the link in my description box or go to thrivemarket.com backslash Adelines kitchen to get 40% off your first order and a free gift. All right, back to baking. So I was ready to dump the bread batter into the pans and I'm out of cooking spray right now. So I just dumped a little bit of avocado oil in the bottom and then I just kind of layered the dough and then put the swerve and cinnamon mixture in between. And of course, if you're just going for gluten-free and you're not wanting a sugar alternative with this, you could totally use regular sugar and it would work out just the same. Don't these look just fantastic? And to be honest, I was a little bit impatient and didn't wait to slice it until it was cooled. So it was a little crumbly, but either way I felt like it grows to a great height. So next I took a cleaning break and just like in the last video, I wanna remind you to clean as you go. I wasn't very good about it this day, but a lot of times I stop and clean dishes in between so I don't end up with a mess at the end. I wanna take a minute and touch on having your kids help in the kitchen. Also, if you are a mom and you have done this and had your children help in the kitchen a lot, I would love to hear your tips and tricks or little jobs that you gave them in the comments below because I'm looking for more things to have the girls help with. I want them to grow up and know how to cook for their families one day and they love this one-on-one time. So we are whipping up some homemade granola bars and this recipe is really awesome because it's gluten-free and it's dairy-free as well. And it also has a little added protein because you do put some almond flour in it and the girls really enjoyed it. It does not have any sugar, so it's sweetened with honey and I just think it's a home run and we'll probably be using it again and being able to add in other mix-in ingredients like cranberries and things like that. This time around, I did just put in the chocolate chips but like I said, I felt like it was such a great consistency. It also didn't make quite as much as I thought which you'll see here in a minute but the girls were having so much fun helping me out and dumping in ingredients. So I actually doubled this recipe and as you can see, it still only made half the sheet size. So the next time, I definitely will need to four times the recipe to make a full sheet size. The recipe does call to put it into a nine by 13 but you all know how much I love making big pans of stuff so that I don't have to make it again for a while and just getting it prepped for the freezer. So these were really fantastic. I just put them into some freezer bags and as always, I encourage you to portion things out for your size family and make sure that it's easy to grab things out. That way, things don't go bad if you pulled out too much out of the freezer. And you can see that I'm on a bit of a strawberry kick in the last prep. When I prepped breakfast stuff, I did a strawberry baked oatmeal which by the way, was amazing. So if you haven't seen that video, definitely go back and check it out but I decided to make some strawberry scones and these are gluten free and keto friendly and they were really easy to make. Although I will say, you wanna follow the instructions really well because you want to actually kind of cut the cream cheese into your almond flour which means you want it to be nice and flaky and whenever I dump the batter out here in a second, you will see that you have to press the batter together because it's flaky but it's kind of a flaky pastry which is the goal here. Then to top it off, the recipe does have an icing recipe along with it but I had these white chocolate chips that were sugar free and left over from something else. So I went ahead and heated them up with a little bit of coconut oil and made a nice white chocolate drizzle over these which was really yummy. All right, so this recipe again is not very allergen friendly but it is family friendly and that's one of our absolute favorite cookies and that is maple cookies with the homemade maple icing and I just can't get enough of these. They're so good and they have a buttermilk that goes into the batter and it just makes them so delicious but as always when I have flops, when I have mistakes in the kitchen, I love to share them with you and this day I don't know what happened even going back in my footage here and counting my flour, it was correct. I just have no idea what happened but for some reason these came out super flat and normally they're very fluffy cookies but either way they still taste good and sometimes you have flops. So if you have something that doesn't turn out well, don't get discouraged. You can definitely still either remake it or you'll maybe be able to figure out what you did wrong the next time and just because I make YouTube videos doesn't mean that everything always turns out perfectly. In this video, I also did not speed up much of anything. I've gotten comments that you prefer to see things moving in real time. Let me know whether you like it sped up or if you like this style video where it's clips of things moving in real time. So the next thing I did was make up this maple icing and as I was making this, I really was thinking about what else I could use this on because it's so delicious and you just cook it up. Plus I love this little whisk for things like this. Then you let it cool down so it gets thicker and you can easily put it on top of the cookies but I think this would be amazing on like some cinnamon sugar muffins or something like that. So maybe in the future I'll have to come up with something that this would be great on because once it cools, it actually like kind of gets a little bit more hardened on top of the cookie and it's just so yummy. I hope this meal prep inspired you. If you're new here, don't forget to subscribe. I have lots of easy recipes for your family and I will see you all in my next video.


Hey everybody, this is Brian and welcome to the 110th Qt tutorial with C++ and GUI programming. Alright, everybody has special projects they're working on. One of mine actually includes zip files. So we are going to embark. Let me bring my notes out here. I actually do use notes when I kind of make these tutorials. Sometimes I get a little ADD. This is going to be a four part series. Video 110. We're going to introduce setup directories, download some code. Video 111. We're going to actually build some code. Video 112. We're going to actually link to Zlib using QAZip, which we'll cover here in a minute. And video 113. We will use QAZip directly in a project and link to Zlib. Now if all of that sounds like what the heck is he talking about? Don't worry, we're going to cover it. So, what is a zip file? Well, if you don't know what a zip file is, you probably shouldn't be watching these tutorials. But we're going to cover it just in case. Zip files is an archive, which takes a bunch of files, compresses them, and throws them into a single file called a Zlib archive. Now, back in the day, there was a big war over what should be the official standard. We've all kind of decided that there's this PKZip program that I don't know if it even still exists. I'm sure it's out there, but that kind of became the standard. There's other standards out there, but you'll see a lot of things that are PKZip compatible. And that's really what we're chasing here. And you can read on and on, and really if you want to see the structure for these are really complex compared to what we've been working with here. And you can go out to Google Images and actually get a little better insight. There'll be like a local header, a file, a central directory, end of central directory. That's kind of the structure of these things. And individual files can be compressed at different ratios and password protected or the entire archive can be protected. It gets really complex. So to write code from the ground up that covered all of this would take months. I mean, I could make an entire video series spanning two years doing this. But that's not what we want. We want quick and easy. I like quick and easy. I know you like quick and easy.  And a lot of things keep repeating like QAZip, Q-Compress and uncompress, and OSDAB. Well, QAZip is what we're going to be using. So I'll cover the other ones real quick. Q-Compress and uncompress are part of the official Qt API, but there's a gotcha. They only compress a single file, meaning you're not going to take an entire directory and put it into a zip archive. OSDAB, I haven't really played around with that too much. I've heard good things. It just decided not to use it. Let's see here. There is also this blog I stumbled upon, www.mimc.org. He talks about how that's actually internally included in Qt. And this got kind of confusing to me until I started reading this blog. And it's actually really well done. Did I say really welly? I did. Really well done. And what he's saying is that they've actually, they being cute, have actually created a QZip reader and QZip writer class that internally uses a library called Zlib, which is PKZip compatible, I believe. All you really have to do is include the Zlib header and add this code to your project file. Note you'll have to actually spell out where the libraries are. But there are other gotchas. For example, you'll have naming conflicts. I said, well, why would you have naming conflicts? When you go out to the actual source code, this is Qtorious, which actually holds the source code for Qt. And when you find the QZip reader and QZip writer and you just open one of these little guys up, everything looks normal until you see this. Warning. Well, that's not good. Warning. This file is not part of the Qt API. It exists for the convenience of the Qt library class. This header file may change from version to version without notice or even be removed. We mean it. That's kind of an ominous warning. What that tells you right there is if you go down that path, your source code may suddenly stop working when they release a new version of Qt or even a bug fix. That's not good. But he goes on to explain how to actually get it working if you're so inclined. I haven't played around a whole lot with this because I really don't want to go back and troubleshoot a program that's been working for a few years. I'm hoping that enough of you out there will scream to the authors of Qt and say, hey, make this part of the official API. We want to be on par with Java and .NET, where they have built-in zip handling right in the libraries. All right, so without further ado, you're going to need to go out to quazip.sourceforge.net, download this package. The download link is right here off Sourceforge. This should work with, and he says, Linux, FreeBSD, HP Unix, Windows, and some Symbians. This is essentially just a wrapper. See, it says QUazip, or quazip is a simple wrapper over the zip-on-zip package. Well, this is the zip-on-zip package, Zlib. Ta-da. Zlib is a C library. I mean, it's a library written in C. Remember, we use C++, which is kind of the grandfather of C. The reason why you use QAZip is so you don't have to interact directly with this library and deal with pointers and all that garbage. It's simple, reusable, fun, and exciting. Well, I may have exaggerated on the fun and exciting, but you know what I mean. You don't want to muck around with pointers and memory management. You just want to zip-on-zip a file. So, grab the QUazip source. That's all written in Qt, by the way. And the Zlib source. Now, I should point out, there's a gotcha here. If you're on Linux, or Unix or Mac, download this file. Zlib source code version 1.2.8. That may actually date this tutorial in the future. If you're on Windows, your job's already done. You download this. It is a compiled DLL. Let me bring up my directory here. Excuse me, I still got a frog in my throat. I'm getting over this cold. You're also going to need to create some directories here. Create a Libs directory. Create an original directory. This is going to contain files in it that we're going to want to compress. Here's your QUazip. This is the source code for the Quazip DLL. This actually compiles to a DLL. If you explore it, you'll see there's a Documents folder, the actual Library folder, and a Test folder, which has all the test source code in it. Now, if you get all excited, run out, download this, and try to compile it here, you're going to run into a lot of issues. And that's what we're going to be covering in the next tutorial, is how to actually compile that bad boy. I actually spent an afternoon banging my head against the keyboard trying to get that to work. Finally got it. Very happy. Now, with Zlib, there's the two versions. The Windows version, which actually has the DLL already compiled, and you should note the Lib folder has the includes, the Lib includes. This is what you will link against. Remember in your C++ classes, they talked about linking? Well, we're going to be doing a lot of that. And the actual include files, the headers for Zlib. If you're on not Windows, you're going to have to actually get the source code. And here's the actual Zlib source code. And we are going to be compiling that, but not in this tutorial. That's all for this tutorial. This is Brian. Thank you for watching. Please visit my website, www.voidrealms.com, where I will have the source code to this and all the other tutorials out there. If you're following along and you find a tutorial, like this guy who's missing the ZIP file, go ahead and zip that up, send it to me and I will review it and post it for the rest of the world to use. I had a server crash and I'm trying to recover from it. That's it.


Live from Seattle, Washington, it's theCUBE, covering KubeCon and CloudNativeCon North America 2018. Brought to you by Red Hat, the CloudNative Computing Foundation and its ecosystem partners. Okay, welcome back, everyone, it's theCUBE Live here in Seattle for day three of three days of wall-to-wall coverage. We've been analyzing here in theCUBE for three days talking to all the experts, the CEOs, CTOs, developers, startups. I'm John Furrier, Stu Miniman with theCUBE coverage of here at Doc, not Doc or Con, KubeCon and CloudNativeCon, getting down in the middle. So close, John, so close. A lot of Docker containers are around here. We're taking on the Kubernetes. Our next two guys got a startup, hot startup here. We've got Norman Shea, head of business development, log DNA, new compelling solution on Kubernetes, give them a unique advantage. And of course, Daniel Berg, who's a senior engineer at IBM. They have a deal, we're going to talk about the startup and the deal with IBM that highlights kind of the new model, the new world's developing. Thanks for joining us. Yeah, no problem. Thanks for having us. I'm going to get you on a DockerCon sometimes. I'm going to get you on a DockerCon. A container's certainly been great. Talk about your product first. Let's get your company out there. What do you guys do? You have something new and different. Something needed. What's different about it? Yeah, so when we started building this product, one thing we were trying to do was finding a logging solution that was built for developers, especially around DevOps. We were running our own multi-tenant SaaS product at the time, and we just couldn't find anything great. We tried open-source elastic, and it turned out to be a lot to manage. There's a lot of configuration we had to do. We tried a bunch of the other products out there which were mostly built for log analysis, so you'd analyze logs maybe a week or two after, and there was nothing just real time that we wanted. And so we decided to build our own. We overcame a lot of challenges where we just felt that we could build something that was easier to use than what was out there today. Our philosophy is for developers in terms of we want to make it as simple as possible. We don't want you to manage or even think about how logs work today. And so the whole idea, even if you go down to some of the integrations that we have, our Kubernetes integration is two lines. You essentially hit two QCTL lines, your entire cluster will get logged directly, logged DNA in seconds. That's something we show oftentimes at demos as well. Normand, I wonder if you could drill in a little bit more for us. What I always look at is a lot of times, the new generation, they've got just new tools to play with and new things to do. What was different? What changed it is just the composability and what a small form factor. I would think that you could just change order of magnitude in some of the pricing of some of these. Tell us why it's different. Yeah, I think there's three major things was speed. So what we found was that there weren't a lot of solutions that were optimized really, really well for finding logs. There were a lot of log solutions out there, but we wanted to optimize that. So we find two in Elasticsearch. We do a lot of stuff around there to make that experience really pleasurable for our users. The other is scale. So what we're noticing now is if you kind of expand on the world of, you know, back in the day we had single machines that people got logs off of, then you went to VMware where you're taking a single machine and splitting it up to multiple different things. And now you have containers and all of a sudden you have Kubernetes, you're talking about thousands and thousands of nodes running in large production servers. How do you find logs in those things? And so we really wanted to build for that scale and a usability where for Kubernetes we'll automatically tag all your logs coming through. So you might get a single log line, but we'll tag it with all the metadata that you need to find exactly what you want. So if my container dies and I no longer know that containers around, how am I going to get the logs off of that? Well, you can go to LogDNA, find the container that you're looking for and know exactly where that error is coming from as well. So you're basically storing all this data, making it really easy for the integration piece. What does the IBM relationship fit in? What's the partnership? What are you guys doing together? Yeah, I don't know if Dan wants to...  Yeah, so we're partnering with IBM. We are one of their major partners for logging. So if you go into the observability tab under IBM Cloud and click on logging, LogDNA is there, you can start up a LogDNA instance. What we've done is, IBM brought us a great opportunity where we could take our product and help benefit their own customers and also IBM themselves with a lot of the logging that we do. They saw that we had a very simplistic way of thinking about logs and it was really geared towards when you think about IBM Cloud and the shift that they're moving towards which is really developer focused. It was a really, really good match for us. It brought us the visibility into the upmarket with larger customers and also gives us the ability to kind of deploy globally across IBM Cloud as well. I mean, IBM's got a great channel on the sales side too and you guys got a great relationship. We've seen that playbook before that I think we've interviewed and all the other events with IBM. Startups can really, if they fit in with IBM, it's just massive. But what's the reason? Why the partnership, explain. Well, I mean, first of all, we were looking for a solution, a logging solution that fit really well with IKS, our Kubernetes service. And it's cloud native, high scale, large number of clusters. That's what our customers are building. That's what we want to use internally as well. I mean, we were looking for a very robust, cloud native, logging service that we could use ourselves. And that's when we ran across these guys, what, about a year ago? Yeah, I mean, I think we kind of first got introduced at last year's CubeCon. And then we went to Container World and we just kept seeing each other. And we just kept on rolling with it. So what we've done with that integration, and what's nice about the integration is it's directly in the catalog. So it's another service in the catalog. You go and select it and provision it very easily. But what's really cool about it is we wanted to have that integration directly with the Kubernetes service as well. So there's a tab on the integration tab on the Kubernetes, literally one button, two lines of code that you just have to execute. Bam. All your logs are now streaming for the entire cluster with all the indexing and everything. It just makes it a really nice, rich experience to capture your logs. This is infrastructure as code. This is what the promise was. Absolutely is. Very seamless integration. And the backend just works. Now talk about the Kubernetes pieces. I think this is fascinating because we've been pontificating and evaluating all the commentary here in the Cube. And we've come to the conclusion that cloud's great, but there's other new platform-like things emerge. You've got Edge and all these things. So there's a whole new set. New things are going to come up. And it's not going to be just called cloud. It's going to be something else. There's Edge, you've got cameras, you've got data, you've got all kinds of stuff going on. Kubernetes seems to fit a lot of these new emerging use cases. Where does the Kubernetes fit in? You said you built on Kubernetes. Why is that so important? Explain that one piece. Yeah, I mean, I think there's, Kubernetes obviously brought a lot of opportunities for us. The big differentiator for us was because we were built on Kubernetes from the get go, we made that decision a long time ago, we didn't realize we could actually deploy this package anywhere. It didn't have to be, we didn't have to just run as multi-tenant SaaS product anymore, and I think part of that is for IBM, their customers are actually running, when they're talking about an integrated logging service, we're actually running on IBM cloud. So their customers can be assured that data doesn't actually move anywhere else. It's going to stay in IBM cloud of where they could be. This is really important. And because they're on the Kubernetes service, it gives them the opportunity of running on Kubernetes, running on a managed service. They're going to be able to put log DNA in each of the major regions. So customers will be able to keep their log data in the regions that they want it to stay. Great for compliance. Absolutely. It's been a compliance dream, right? Got to have it. Especially with the EU. How about search and discovery? That's fit in, just simple. What's your strategy on that? Yeah, so our strategy is if you look at a lot of the logging solutions out there today, a lot of times they require you to learn complex query languages and things like that. And so the biggest thing we were hearing was like, man, onboarding is really hard because some of our developers don't look at logs on a daily basis. They look at it every two weeks. Jerry Chen from Greylock Ventures said, machine learning is the new, ML is the new SQL, to your point. You don't, this complex querying is going to be automated away. Yep, yes. And you guys agree with that. Oh yeah, I totally agree with that. You talked about it on our interview. Yeah. Norman, I wonder if you could bring us in a little bit of compliance and what discussions you're having with customers. Obviously GDPR, big discussion point we had. We've got new laws coming from California soon. And so how important is this to your customers and what's the reality kind of out there in your users? Yeah, you know, compliance was, our founders had run a lot of different businesses before. They had two major startups where they work with eBay and they had to, compliance was the big thing. And so we made a decision early on to say, hey look, we're about 50 people right now, let's just do compliance now. You know, I've been at startups where we go, let's just keep growing and growing and we'll worry about compliance later.  You know, we made a decision to say, hey look, we're smaller, let's just implement all the processes and the necessary needs. Well, the needs there too, that's two things, right?  It's the same thing here. Not only are they running on top of IKS, we're using log DNA to manage the logs and everything across the infrastructure for IKS as well. So we're heavily using it. You know, this also highlights Daniel, the ecosystem dynamic of having, when you break down this monolithic type of environments and there's sets of services, you benefit because you can tap into a startup, they can tap into IBM's goodness, it's a somewhat simple biz dev deal other than the rev share component of the sales. But technically, this is what customers want at the end game is they want the right tools, the right job, right product. Right. If it comes from a startup, you guys don't have to build it. I mean, exactly, let the experts do it. We'll integrate it. It's a great relationship and then teams work really well together, which is fantastic. What do you guys do with other startups? If a startup watch and say, hey, I want to be like log DNA. I want to plug into the IBM cloud. I want to be just like them and make all that cash. What do they got to do? What's the model? I mean, we're constantly looking at startups and new business opportunities, obviously. We do this all the time, but it's got to be the right fit, right? And that's important. It's got to be right fit with the technology. It's got to be a right fit as far as culture and team dynamics of not only my team, but the startups teams and how we're going to work together. And this is why it worked really great with log DNA. I mean, everything, it just all fit. It all made sense and it had a good business model behind that as well. So yes, there's opportunities for others, but we have to go through and explore all those. So Norman, I wonder if you care, how's your experience been at the show here?  What were your expectations coming in? You know, what are the KPIs you're measuring with and how's it met to what you thought you were going to get? No, it's great. I mean, we, previous to the last year's coupon, we had not really done any events. We were a small company. We didn't want to spend the resources and but we came in last year. And I think what was refreshing was people would talk to us and we're like, oh yeah, we're not an open source technology. We're actually a log vendor. And we can, and what we said was, hey, we'll project that end to end experience. And people were like, oh wow, this is actually pretty refreshing. I'm not configuring my Fluent D system, Fluent D to tap into another elastic search. There was, you know, not a lot of that. I think this year expectation was we knew the size doubled. We still wanted to get the message out there. We knew we were hot off the presses with the IBM public launch of our service on IBM Cloud. And I think we were expecting a lot. I mean, we more than doubled what our lead count was and it's just, it's been amazing conference. I mean, I think the energy that you get and the quality of folks that come by, it's like, yeah, everybody's running Kubernetes. They know what they're talking about. And it makes that conversation that much easier for us as well. Now you're a CUBE alumni too, it's the boob, look at that. Well guys, thanks for coming on, sharing the insight. Again, great to see you again. Great commentary. Again, having the distinguished engineering and these kinds of conversations really helps the community figure out kind of what's out there. So I appreciate that. And if everything's going to go on Kubernetes too, we should put theCUBE on Kubernetes with these videos. We'll be on them. We'll be out there. Yeah, absolutely. It's theCUBE coverage day three, breaking it down here. I'm John Furrier, Stu Miniman. That's a wrap for us here in Seattle. Thanks for watching and look for us next year, 2019. That's a wrap for 2018, Stu. Good job. Thanks for coming on, guys. Really appreciate it. Thank you. Thanks for watching. See you around.


A new type of binder-free HoloHolo TO2 at Co9S8 core branch arrays is developed as highly active OER and her electrocatalysts for stable overall water splitting. They show noticeable exceptional performance, with low overpotentials of 240 and 139 mV at 10 mA Cm-2 as well as low taffle slopes of 55 and 65 mV December 1 for OER slasher and alkaline medium. Impressively, the electrolysis cell based on the TO8 arrays as both cathode and anode exhibits a remarkably low water splitting voltage of 1.56 V and long-term durability with no decay after 10D. This article was authored by Shenzhua Deng, Yu Zhong, Yin Xiang Zeng, and others.


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