So welcome to my office. I guess I should start there. It has been an absolutely crazy, crazy week and I don't even know where to start. So let's start with this. This is my new office. It is not even remotely closed being done yet. This is just the radiology station that I had set up for me at home. Yes, that's right. I'll be reading x-rays, MRIs, CTs, ultrasounds, all from home. I can dictate everything from home and I did that almost the entire weekend. I just finished because, now that you've seen the title of this video now, I just finished my very first weekend of diagnostic call as an attendant. And it was, it wasn't too bad, but it was pretty crazy. And here's why. So first and foremost, I wanna say, I'm sorry about the echo in here. I'm trying to put some more items in here to make it less echo-y, but I don't really know what to do. I'm gonna put a rug in here. I'm going to put some stuff on the walls and all that stuff to hopefully kind of dampen some of the sound. But for now, it's gonna be a little echo-y. Secondly, my plans for this office.  There's three bedrooms. One of these bedrooms slash den is literally just my office where I do all my radiology stuff. And then also I'll do all of my editing, YouTube stuff and all that stuff.  Two things about that monitor. One, I still have it. Two, I may have cracked the screen when I was getting ready to move. So I may have to get a replacement and I may actually go wider. We'll see. Secondly, a new desk is coming my way. So this is my old desk. As you can see here, I'm going to be doing like an L-shaped standing desk from Autonomous. So the whole thing will stand as well, which I've never actually used a standing portion until I did my call shift for more than a minute. So I have three monitors here. This is all for radiology stuff. Main radiology, I'm just going to the middle, dictation and the actual list is on the left. This is going to be the same part of this L-shaped desk. And then on the left side, I'm going to put my big monitor, which is on the floor and probably cracked. I have a monitor stand on that side for this monitor. This monitor is on a couple of books here. So that's fun. Then I have my iPad playing a little stock market action back there and a little stock market on the side of everything. So yeah, not a bad setup so far, but it's not even close to being done. We just kind of rushed to put this together just so I can have it for my call weekend. Why are people yelling? It's a brand new apartment. Part of the yelling. Also, I'm going to add some more lights in here and stuff too to make it nice and fancy, like very studio-esque. So more on that coming soon. And if you want me to do a whole desk setup slash office remodel video, let me know in the comments below right now. So now let's get into my crazy call weekend. So in private practice, it is very high volume, which I'm okay with, but I haven't read diagnostic studies in a very long time until this weekend. Well, this whole last month I've been reading them, but this was my fourth week, which means it's time for me to grow up and take a diagnostic weekend call. What that means is we do two 16-hour days back-to-back purely diagnostic call. I said that right, 16-hour days, 7 a.m. to 11 p.m. Saturday and Sunday. Just by hearing that, you realize it can be pretty brutal, right? Well, it's brutal, but less brutal as well. So on Saturday, I have to go into the hospital from 7 a.m. to around 4.30 p.m. because you have to be there in case anybody needs you. And you read literally nonstop, like nonstop. I think I read almost 100 studies before noon. So that's crazy. Then at five o'clock-ish, I come home and then I sit here until 11 p.m. and read from home. And then at 11 p.m., a Nighthawk service takes over and they read until 7 a.m. The only problem with that is I have to reread all of their studies when I get in the next morning. So any PD study overnight, I have to reread the next morning because they can only pre-learn the report. So then Sunday morning, start off at 7 a.m. again after working until 11 p.m., 16 hours in a day. Wake up at 7 a.m. I have like 30 studies on the list from the night before and I have to read all of those, hopefully before 8 a.m. when a scanner starts picking up and all of the hospitals open back up and start scanning all the patients. So as you can see, it's a pretty brutal weekend. Somehow I got through it. And the difference is, is I was also on interventional call as well this weekend, but I didn't get called once. Only somebody called me one time about a biopsy, but that was it. So I was actually double dipping on this 32 hour week. So yeah, I read a mixture of mostly CTs. You read about 50, 60 CTs, Evan Pelvis heads. We read a lot of ultra sound, probably like 10 or 12 MRIs, mostly outpatient with a few stroke MRIs here and there, which, you know, I felt pretty comfortable because I had exceptional diagnostic training. The only difference is I haven't really read a lot of diagnostic stuff in the past year and a half because I'm doing only interventional work. And that's fine. It's just like, it's right in a bike. I still have the knowledge up there. You just have to get your repetition and your speed back up to kind of keep up with what's going on. Because for me, I get really bad list anxiety. That's what we call it in the radiology world. When studies are just constantly piling up on your list, I want that thing empty every time. So I read a study and I want it done. Read a study and done. So when one pops up, I'm already done with the previous one.  So that's that, ended up doing pretty well. I read a lot. I probably read about 200 studies on Saturday and then 160 studies on Sunday.  So seven days of IR call, which means that you're going at any time, as you know, from seeing many of my prior videos. And then I was also on diagnostic call this weekend working 16 hours days, both days. And then I was on, I forgot to say, I was also on emergency diagnostic call the entire seven days as well. So if someone needs to call me about a study overnight for an emergent situation, like they need an emergent read or emergent finding they want to talk about overnight, I was the guy to do it too as well. Luckily, nobody called me for any of that, but nonetheless, I was on call the entire week. Crazy, right? Welcome to private practice. This is what we do here. Now, obviously every private practice is not set up this way. Hours is very much work hard, play hard. We work really hard for the weeks that you're on and then you get at least a week off a month or so because vacation is important to my group, myself as well. So you work hard when you're on and then you don't work when you're off. Pretty good situation if you like that. Some people don't like that, some people do. A friend of mine who I finished fellowship with, they have a very overstaffed practice and they don't work that hard but they don't get that much vacation.  So with that being said, today is now Monday. It's after the weekend and after my seven day stretch at call which is kind of crazy because I never thought I'd do a seven day stretch at call in much less 32 hours of diagnostic call. I thought that was done in fellowship and residency but here we are. The only difference is now at least I get compensated for it. Residency, you to pay pennies. So I guess it's like it hurts less. I don't know. I don't even got a paycheck yet so I don't even know if it hurts less. I don't know. But nonetheless, did that. Today is Monday and you saw me wake up, grab my coffee and went straight to my desk to start reading and that's because every now and then once a week, twice a week, every now and then you get to work from home and it's usually after a post call day. So today I got to work until like one-ish, two-ish p.m. So I just sat here and grabbed for a couple hours, made sure the list is clean and then I'm done for the day. So it's not a bad get up to be honest with you. So I'm done for the day and since I've been on call this whole time I haven't studied at all. So I'm about to go do that. Hopefully you kind of like this whole catch up video. I have a move-in kind of vlog coming soon but it didn't film yet because I'm waiting for a product to be sent to me for an advertisement but I just want to kind of catch you all up because you probably have no idea what's going on in my life because I've been like in my central homeless, moved in with my mother-in-law. Now I'm back. Now I have some weird desks set up. You guys are like, what is this behind you? Things are changing but they're changing for the better. So stay tuned. That's all I got. We'll see you on the next video, I guess. Follow me on TikTok and Instagram and subscribe to my channel if you don't already. See ya.


Hello friends, I am Nawal Yemul working as an assistant professor in mechanical department Walsh and Institute of Technology, Solapur. So in this video we are going to see decision making statements part 2. Learning outcome, at the end of this session student will be able to create decision making statements in a C++ program using different forms of nested if else and switch statement. Content of the video are decision making statements, first nested if else, second is switch statement. Decision making statements, C++ is a conditional statement which allows us to make a decision based upon the result of a condition. These statements are called decision making statements or conditional statements. First nested if else, the if else statement executes two different codes depending upon whether the text expression is true or false. Sometimes a choice has to be made from more than two possibilities. If there are more than two possibilities, the nested if else statements are used and it allows us to check for multiple text expressions and execute different codes for more than two conditions. So we will see the syntax of the nested if else statement if followed by the parenthesis bracket and Boolean expression 1. If the Boolean expression 1 is true, it executes the statement below if and if Boolean expression 2 condition is true, it executes the Boolean expression 2. So the flowchart of the nested if else statement is explained in detail. Start if the text expression number 1 is to be true then it goes to the text expression number 2. Then if the text expression is true here, so the condition becomes text expression number 1 is true and the text expression number is true. Then the statement 1 is executed in the same way. If the text expression number 1 is true and text expression number 2 is false, then it executes statement 2. If the text expression itself is false, then it executes statement 3. Then the program is stopped. This is a figure showing the flowchart of the nested if else statement. So we will see a small program to check an integer is positive, negative or zero using nested if else statement. So I will give you few seconds to think the logic of this program. So we will see the logic of the program here using nested if else statement. So I have used the code blocks to logic to crack the program. So first line itself is ash include iostream using namespace standard. So I have taken the integer int main and integer variable as number, cout enter an integer and the integer is stored in number. So I have used nested if else statement. If the number is greater than zero and if the text expression 1 that is number is greater than zero, the number entered is positive. Else if the number is entered as negative or the number is less than zero, then the output will be you entered a negative integer or else the cout you entered a zero. And lastly cout this line is always printed. So here if if else and else is used and this is the example of nested if else. So we will see the output of the program. So enter an integer, if I have entered a positive number five, you entered a positive integer five and this line is always printed. That line is in the statement which is after the loop that is always printed. So if the user enters a negative number, the output will be you entered a negative integer minus four and this line is always printed. So this is second condition statement that is switch statement. A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equalities against the list of values. Each value is called a case and variable being switched on is checked for each case. So here the variable which we which enters by the user is checked by each and every case. So switch case statements are the substitute for long if statements that compare a variable to several integral values. So we will see a syntax for switch statement switch followed by the variable case one. If case one is correct or the case one which is given by the user is correct, then case one is executed and it breaks and then it skips the skips the curly brackets and prints the next line or if the case two is correct, it prints the code to a case two and then it breaks it comes out of the loop and then it checks the case number three. So in the same way case n it checks till case n and then lastly it is default and your code executes the code and break and then it comes out of the bracket and there the statement is printed. So we will see the flowchart of switch statement start text expression one if the text expression is true it prints the case one and if case one is true then the statement one is printed directly and it comes out of the loop and it breaks here. Same way if case one is false and case two is true it prints statement number two it breaks and then comes out of the loop. If case one and case two both are to be false then it prints case three and statement three is printed it breaks and then it comes to the last that is default and this statement n is always printed as we have seen in the syntax then the program is ended here. So we will see a small program showing different grades using switch statement. So here I have again used code blocks first line is ash include iostream using namespace standards int main I have started the program I have declared some variables like grade and see out enter your grade and that grade is stored in grade I have used the switch statements here switch in bracket grade without semicolon then I have used curly brackets so I have used four cases here case A to case D case A shows that the grade is excellent and case B shows as the output is very good and case C shows that you have passed and case D is better try again and default is you have invalid grade. Suppose if the user enters any grade rather than D then it shows the invalid grade so see out excellent then after excellent I have used break if case one is true then it comes it shows the output excellent then it comes out of the loop and your grade is printed always your grade A is printed for example so we will see the output of the program. So if enter the enter your grade if you entered B it shows very good your grade is B in the same way if the user enters the grade D better try again your grade is D so this is a simple program using switch statements so these are the references I have used


The environmental issues, there are many challenges, but bioeconomy could be one of the solutions. We are seeking opportunities to add more value to the products, for example, to add more value to the forestry. And bioeconomy could be a solution there. The second challenge is how to replace plastic. So again, the chemistry from the bioeconomy could be an excellent replacement for plastic. And overall, I think the knowledge and awareness of how this bioeconomy could play a positive role in the environment, environmental policies and life in society overall is really important, especially in younger generations and in their minds, because their awareness is higher, but nobody is speaking to them properly. So I guess during the next years, when Estonia is in a process in mapping down the opportunities and challenges for the bioeconomy sector, as a strategic one, let's say the next years are busy in that field, because we don't have any strategic plan for bioeconomy as such. We have, let's say, different plans, long-term plans for the environmental sector overall, but not especially for bioeconomy, and then currently there has been a decision that after 2020 this kind of plan will be made.


This film describes a research program supported by grants from the National Science Foundation. It focuses on the management of sludges from community wastewater treatment plants. The coordinated projects are presented in a way to suggest assessment of an integrated system consisting of disinfection, pipeline transport to a suitable site, and direct injection into soil. The research on disinfection with energized electrons was jointly supported by the Environmental Protection Agency and the National Science Foundation. Even before there was written history, people crowded into cities and created the problem of what to do with the wastes city dwellers produce. Take the congested cities of England during the Industrial Revolution. Public sanitation? Just about nonexistent as garbage and body wastes were thrown into the streets or the nearest water channel. Raw sewage ran openly through many cities. Thousands died from water-borne diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever. Not only in England, but in American cities too. Sewers originally built to drain storm runoff were gradually converted into drains for wastewater. Today, the health hazards remain. Many of the pollutants that are discharged into wastewater are concentrated during treatment in sludges, and the problem of where to put them is still with us. We're now disposing of some 35 billion gallons of sludge a year, and the amount continues to increase. Sludge contains all the pollutants and contaminants removed from wastewater. Toxic substances, pathogenic viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasitic worms, all of which threaten our health and the ecosystem on which we depend for survival. As the commonly used sludge handling options, incineration or dumping at sea are becoming impractical or undesirable, land applications emerging as the only other alternative. And researchers are experimenting with new and imaginative techniques for placing sludge on land. The principle that guides the research is that sludge must and can be managed in an ecologically sound way through the use of appropriate technologies. From an ecologist's standpoint, sludge may be considered nothing more than the waste products of one group of organisms, humans. The human waste can act as the food for a host of other organisms, mainly bacteria. Thus, sludge added to soil can be consumed by soil microorganisms. It can also enhance the condition of the soil and the growth of crops by providing essential nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Used in this way, sludge is a link in the food chain that runs in an endless circle from humans to soil to plants and animals and to humans again. But to take advantage of this potential resource, we must learn how to manage the placement of sludge on land safely. A research project to do this is under the direction of Dr. James Smith of Colorado State University. A lot of the natural soils in Colorado look like this. They're clay-y, not much organic matter, and sometimes they can be just as hard as a brick. Now, in this part of the field, we have essentially the same soil, but with a difference. This has been treated with municipal sewage sludge using a new technique which we've developed at Colorado State University in cooperation with the City of Boulder and a local engineering firm. Quite a remarkable difference. The dramatic difference in soil quality is the result of a technique developed by researchers here which uses a specially designed plow that injects sludge directly into the soil. Sludge supplied to the unit is distributed through a manifold to several hoses. Each hose is attached to a heavy steel shank. At the bottom of each shank is a sweep that makes a cavity six to eight inches beneath the surface. To show how the injector unit works, sludge is allowed to spray onto the surface. In normal operation, the flow of sludge is started after the sweeps are underground. Thus, odors are minimized, and the land looks much like a plowed field. Sludge can be delivered to the site by pipeline before being injected into the soil. During an eight-hour day, this unit could inject the sludge from a city of 300,000 people in the 12 acres of land daily. The amount of land actually needed for this hypothetical city would depend on local conditions such as climate and soil characteristics. Environmental conditions on and under the field were monitored during the several years the research was in progress. The effect of sludge on the quality of the groundwater was of special concern. Sludge application could infect a field with pathogenic organisms or contaminate it with heavy metals. In the course of research, hundreds of samples were taken of both the water that percolated through the soil and the groundwater itself. In addition, crops were grown in soil injected with sludge to find out how plant growth and crop yield would be enhanced or otherwise affected. All samples were then taken to the laboratory for analysis. To detect the presence of cadmium and other heavy metals in the water or plant samples, researchers used an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The presence of cadmium and other heavy metals may limit the application rate of sludge to land, but perhaps these substances could be eliminated at their source. The feasibility of doing this is being investigated by Gernamin Associates, a consulting engineering firm in Chicago. Researchers also wanted to discover what happened to the nitrogen applied along with sludge because of the nitrogen's value as a plant nutrient. Some of the nitrogen was converted by microorganisms into nitrates, which are undesirable pollutants when present in groundwater in excessive amounts. Therefore, the amount of nitrogen applied to soil may also limit the rate at which sludge is applied to land. We think that subsurface injection or the direct application of sludge into the soil is a very promising way for managing municipal sewage sludge. It's simple, economical, and has relatively few limitations. One obvious limitation is that we can't operate very effectively in frozen ground. However, with good management, there's no reason why the system can't be used by many cities. Provided we can solve a few remaining questions. One is the possibility of a health threat from diseases caused by protozoa, bacteria, viruses, and intestinal worms that may be concentrated in sludges during wastewater treatment. One of the research teams investigating possible health threats is headed by Dr. Bernard Sajik of the University of Texas at San Antonio. A major portion of our effort in the laboratory is concerned with the survival of viruses applied to soils and domestic wastewater and sludges. We're concerned about several virus diseases being spread by contaminated groundwater, minor ones, and one major one, infectious hepatitis. There are a lot of questions unanswered.  To answer these and other questions, Dr. Sajik and his associates designed a series of experiments that duplicated natural conditions as much as possible. Samples of wastewater and activated sludge were collected, as were samples of soil. In a model reactor, a known quantity of tagged virus was added to the samples to simulate the normal content of virus in wastewater. As the viruses circulated within the reactor, some of them became associated with sludge particles. Sludge containing the indicator virus was then applied to soil cores proportionate to the amounts that would be injected into soil under normal operating conditions. Then to discover how long viruses applied to soil might remain a health hazard, researchers simulated many environmental conditions, including varying amounts of rainfall or irrigation, and different temperatures. Water that percolated through the cores was then collected and analyzed for its content of live virus. All of our results so far point to one conclusion, and that is that domestic sludges injected into the soil pose a potential hazard to groundwater supplies. Enough viruses do survive, especially in cold climates, for far longer periods than we'd originally thought. This leads to the inescapable conclusion that we have to reduce the level of virus and sludge prior to injecting it into soil. To do this, another research project is underway at the Metropolitan District Commission's Deer Island Treatment Plant in Boston. It's aimed at eliminating viruses and other pathogens from sludge by irradiating sludge with a beam of energized electrons. The research is a joint effort that involves universities, private industry, local, state, and federal governments. The work centers around a test facility and the main goal is to deal with sludge on a realistic scale. The facility was built after two years of preliminary research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology had shown that irradiating sludge with energized electrons killed viruses and other pathogens in sludge. Dr. John Trump is in charge of the research. The idea of using ionizing energy, such as the gamma rays of radioactive materials, or the ionizing energy produced by streams of high-energy electrons has been around for one or two decades. But it's only in the last years that it has become clear that this is indeed a most effective way of disinfecting municipal sludge so as to make it safely usable on land for a variety of purposes. The irradiation system is surprisingly simple. The electron beam power supply is capable of generating almost a million volts used to accelerate electrons toward their target. A concrete enclosure houses the heart of the system, the electron accelerator and scanner. Behind the concrete shield, the electron accelerator directs a powerful beam of electrons through the scanner at a layer of sludge flowing beneath it. Sludge, or any other material that can be piped in from the treatment plant, is presented in a thin layer so that every bit of material is irradiated in a fraction of a second. The toughest problem researchers have had to solve here is to present sludge to the electron beam in a uniformly thin layer so that no part of the sludge escapes the minimum dose needed to kill viruses and other pathogens. This unit can irradiate 100,000 gallons of sludge a day, the amount produced by a city of 200,000 people. The seven-foot-thick concrete enclosure surrounding the radiation chamber absorbs x-rays produced when the beam hits a target. The absorbed energy from a disinfecting dose of 400,000 rads only raises the sludge temperature by one degree centigrade. Scientists from both MIT and the University of New Hampshire are involved in assessing the effectiveness of the electron treatment on bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Many key experiments begin with the addition of a known quantity of virus, usually polio, to the sludge flowing through the system. The intense electron beam causes the sludge to fluoresce. The high-energy electrons penetrate the sludge and accomplish their work in a fraction of a second. In each experiment, sludge samples are irradiated at several dose levels. Finally, a sample that received no electron treatment at all is taken as a control, and the samples are transported to the laboratories of the University of New Hampshire. This is where all the virological studies in connection with the Deer Island project are done. Dr. Ted Metcalf is in charge of the research. Our objective here is to determine how effective energized electron treatment is in killing enteric viruses, that is, viruses that pass through the human gut and that are found commonly in sludge. Viruses are incredibly potent packages of infection, so we need to make sure that any treatment that we give sludge is indeed effective in eliminating viruses as a health hazard. Before virus content can be determined, viruses must first be recovered from the irradiated sludge samples in a special solution. Viruses are true intracellular parasites. They can reproduce only within living cells. For this reason, cultures of living cells are used in these experiments. A healthy, normal cell culture looks like this, a smooth, even layer of adjoining cells. To test for the presence of active viruses, the cell cultures are inoculated with especially prepared samples. Each cell culture is then stained with a dye that makes living cells turn red. Colorless patches or plaques will form where the cells were infected with living viruses. After inoculation, the cultures are incubated to give viruses a chance to replicate. Several days later, the colorless plaques of infected dead cells are counted. The more viruses present in a given sample, the more plaques. From these experiments, a clear picture of the effectiveness of sludge irradiation has emerged. At zero irradiation, there was nearly 100% virus survival. As the radiation dose increased, the percentage of surviving viruses decreased in proportion. At a dose of 400,000 rads, no virus survived in digested sludge. What we really should say is, no virus survived that we can detect. Some viruses, like infectious hepatitis and gastroenteritis viruses, cannot be recovered routinely in cell culture systems. Nevertheless, everything we have learned today indicates that these viruses will be killed by radiation just like others that we can recover. What this means is we have a method here that will virtually eliminate viruses as well as other pathogens in sludge as public health problems. Clearly, the treatment of sludges by energized electrons has the potential of being an economical and environmentally safe technique for disinfection when used as part of an integrated system of sludge management. Our previous concern was with possible danger to humans. What we might also ask, how does the soil ecosystem react to sludge application to land? If we elect to use land application for sludge management, its compatibility with the soil ecosystem is essential. Assessing this compatibility is one of several research projects being conducted at the Soil Invertebrate Laboratory of the College of Environmental Science and Forestry in Syracuse, New York. The work is under the direction of Dr. Roy Hardenstein. Soil is a very complex ecosystem which is inhabited by numerous creatures, including a wide variety of earthworm species. Now that sludge application to land is being considered very seriously, we have to ask ourselves whether that application is going to do harm to the land and its inhabitants. And on the other hand, how can we use the soil organisms to manage the sludge most efficiently? Part of the research was aimed at finding out whether earthworms survived when allowed to feed on different types of sludges and sludges mixed with soil. In one series of experiments, a carefully weighed quantity of earthworms was placed in dishes containing various sludges. The dishes were set aside to allow the worms to feed on the materials. After a time, the condition of the worms was checked. Early experiments show that some sludges were very toxic to worms, killing them within hours. The toxic sludges had all been anaerobically digested. On the other hand, worms thrived on sludges that had been aerobically digested. As they passed the material through their bodies, large, tough clumps of sludge were broken up into castings which are similar to topsoil. As a result of this laboratory research, a practical experiment to do this is now underway at the San Jose Wastewater Treatment Plant in California, Dr. Hartenstein. We've really just begun to learn how earthworms may be helpful to us in managing our very serious sludge problem. For example, we have strong evidence that the earthworm is very effective in reducing the number of salmonella and other pathogens that are present in sludge. Also, once sludge has passed through the animal's body, the castings which the animal has now produced are totally devoid of odor. What it amounts to is that we have many more options open to us to manage our sludge than we had previously thought. With many treatment techniques available to the designer of wastewater treatment plants and considering the wide range in wastewater composition, the question for the plant designer and operator becomes which mix of options will work best and be most economical? This question is being investigated by Dr. Richard Dick and his associates, working first at the University of Delaware and now at Cornell University. Present practices were developed by engineers with an urgent need to solve sludge management problems. The work we are doing differs from much of the work of the past in that we are basing design and process integration on the best fundamental understanding of process performance we can develop. There's a great need for improved economy and effectiveness in sludge management. Modern digital computers make it possible to take into account the complex interactions between processes so that we can evaluate how best performance and economy can be achieved. To illustrate how this works, let's consider a city of 75,000 people. They would produce a wastewater flow of about 10 million gallons a day. Let's treat that wastewater by primary sedimentation and the activated sludge process and treat the sludges produced from primary and secondary treatment by gravity thickening to increase their concentration, anaerobic digestion to stabilize the sludge, and then apply it to agricultural land. Let's consider that it's trucked 20 miles. For this illustration, we have constrained the size of the gravity thickener to 1,000 square feet. This would be a rather traditional design value for a city of this size. The resulting cost of sludge management, including amortization of capital, is $366,000 per year. Now, let's tell the computer not to fix the size of that thickener by the traditional criteria, but rather to pick the size which gives least overall cost for sludge management. In this case, the size of the gravity thickener is 1,700 square feet. That's a 70% increase in the size of the thickener and it's going to cost more, but that extra expenditure is more than compensated by the savings in the cost of other processes with which the thickener is integrated. In this case, the total annual cost for sludge management will be $250,000 or a savings of $116,000 each year. Results of this research can be useful to planners, consulting engineers, managers at wastewater treatment facilities by showing the implications of alternative sludge management approaches. Until recently, putting sludge on land had been considered an undesirable and even unsafe practice from the public health standpoint. The viruses and other pathogens in sludge could make it a link in a chain by which disease might be transmitted from infected to healthy people. We now have the means to break this cycle of disease transmission and to reduce potential health risks. Thus, disinfection of sludges by energized electrons, followed by direct injection into soil, may provide us with an acceptable, technically superior and more economical method for sludge management.


Hi everyone and welcome back to another episode of our Pokemon VGC 2019 battle series I hope you're all doing well. Thank you so much for tuning in and I hope you are ready for some more Pokemon action today We kicked off earlier in the week with this team you can see on your screen in front of you now Which is a Lunala Kyogre Mega Moa build that team as always is down in the description below There is a raw paste and a poker paste and what we said we do that's the start of the week was we had two variations of This team that we'd like to take forward We've got my build which is right here that I threw together and we've also got Fabian's build which is this one right here So what we said we'd do we'd split the week right down the middle We play exactly the same amount of games with both teams. So what we're gonna do today is have a bit of a split We're gonna play both teams one game with each team and then for the rest of the week We're gonna finish up with Fabian's team baked VGC His handle will be down in the description below if you want to give him a follow over on Twitter He is a great guy and just a huge shout out to him once again for providing us with this team. So Let's get into it. I believe the ladder the rankings have all been reset, which is a little bit sad But it's it's good timing. We've got the roulette series starting next week And we'll get more information as we go through this episode get some music on as always if you do enjoy this content Guys, please remember to drop a like on the video Remember to subscribe to the channel and do leave your comments down below because I love hearing from you more than anything else And we've got Teppu Emma as a first opponent today. So I guess we're gonna hop straight over into team preview I'm trying to rack my brains because I do know this handle and I'm sure it is a UK player I'm sure Tappu Emma is a UK player. I could be wrong, but I don't know Maybe maybe I maybe I'm not but I know it's someone known in the community anyway But they are playing a team of Rayquaza Kyogre. So you've got that real good combination there supporting cast of Incinero You've got the fake out intimidated support pivot support there And then the other pivot support you've gotten the team is gonna be Tabu Coco will bring the terrain with it as well Gonna be the fast offensive kind of sweeper on this team You gotta watch out for then you've got the speed control coming in on one side with that stack attack I'm gonna offer trick room and then the other side you're gonna have the Whimsicott So the Whimsicott providing Till when support is gonna have probably have on call may have taunt to try and shut things down And then the trick room I guess is gonna support things like the Incinero on there the Kyogre there So how are we gonna set ourselves up for this one? hmm, I feel like Tappu Coco is actually decent in this game, but The Whimsicott does worry me slightly. I'm gonna lead Incinero and I'm gonna lead Lunala I'm gonna bring Kyogre and do I bring yeah mega more well heck. Yeah, let's do this I'll get over into our right screen eventually And we'll get into this first one It's gonna be tricky because the the Whimsicott's gonna be really awkward to deal with it can't obviously on call And incinero so we can freely go for fake out That's just because of the dark type in for busy without that Do not know but we'll lead with Lunala and Incinero will see Whimsicott and Kyogre come out for my opponent I mean, what do we see here? What do we see? We really need to trick room. We really need a trick room, but I'm so worried about taunt from Whimsicott I mean one of the things we could potentially do is sack sack off Incinero and just fake out whimmy Cuz we'll take an attack from the Kyogre for sure Oh, you could just attack into the Whimsicott. That's the other thing Fake out the Kyogre. Let's take as Minimal damage as possible. I don't feel like we need to go for the Z move I'll just go for the size shock into the Whimsicott here So we'll get the fake out into the Kyogre. We're not really doing anything too fancy here I'm actually gonna see a moon blast now It's gonna be into the Lunala break that chatter shield So we could have went for the trick room But the other hand you've got to think is that you know when we go for the trick room We might be doing that Kyogre favor What I'm gonna do now is go for a snarl and I'm gonna go for a wide guard try and catch my opponent off guard Maybe they go for a war spout. Maybe they go for an origin pulse It's pretty likely that they do but let's see. I mean The white guards pretty obvious isn't it? It really is but I'm gonna see Whimsicott just go for a protect here We'll spam up this wide guard. We've got to watch out for on call this next turn for sure Origin pulse, okay, that's fine But what we could do is potentially go for a Z move this next turn into the Kyogre slot Switching our own Kyogre for Incineroar to take potential water type attack Okay Let's bring in Kyogre over on and let's go because I do feel like we're gonna get we're gonna get on court Or do we do we? Actually, you know what I'm not gonna I'm not gonna bring in Kyogre just yet I'm gonna go for you turn into Whimsicott and I'm gonna go for the Z move into Kyogre Okay, that's we see Incineroar coming in now Like was that I mean I kind of don't mind that really I mean Yeah, especially because I think the on-call is coming out the reason I didn't want to switch Kyogre in is because if you get into a Position we got Kyogre out on the field and Kyogre is still an issue. I'm just thinking ahead I don't want to not have a switch in for big water type attack.  We take down ray. Come on. That makes things a lot easier But this is the one of the things that I wanted to like why I was saying this like the Kyogre could become a big problem And we've only got Incineroar. We've only got More well in the back now Neither want to come in an origin pulse like at all So that my thinking behind this was to try and preserve Kyogre as a good switching for their Kyogre if that makes sense Because it gives us a little bit more room to kind of get around things. Okay So I didn't see what the Whimsicott went for. What did it do? Did it go for an on-call? It did indeed. They're thinking that the Rayquaza could get in. So we got away with that play We kind of predicted that that's what they were gonna do Let's see They really want to protect in front of the Whimsicott. I mean we couldn't mega evolve and set the punch We are white. We have got wide guard going for us. So I mean that's what we're locked into. So potentially just just go Yeah, wide guard and play rough into the Kyogre and Mega evolve and let more well do some do some stuff So the roulette series right now guys is gonna be starting Monday next week I'm super psyched about excited about it I'm putting all the pieces together right now to make it look all nice and flashy and and quite cool But the poll will be up on the YouTube channel. It's not really a poll. It's just a topic asking you guys to Nominate a single Pokemon to put into that roulette that we're gonna do the draw on our first episode back More while why'd you do this to us? You always this is my this is my curse of play rough Okay, Kyogre's got origin pulse waterspout probably got ice beam as well So we're not in the worst position here being locked into wide guard It kind of shuts down this the ability of this Kyogre completely as a moon blast gonna come out from the Whimsicott Probably seeing ice beam as well from the Kyogre Special attack drop not ideal just another waterspout gonna try and catch us out. I guess But maybe looking for the switch with Lunala There's the player off into the Kyogre doing some nice damage. That's tasty tasty damage Okay, we'll go for a sucker punch into Kyogre And we'll go for side shock into the Whimsicott, but we'll probably get locked into on core once again Once the Kyogre is gone. I mean we have a pretty easy time of closing this one up I think we just got around that on core a little bit. This is the thing about best of one Isn't it? You know you can catch your opponent off guard with these sort of things We're gonna see Kyogre just got for a protect here Whimmy what are you gonna do? Moon blasts? Carrying on with these moon blasts, but we'll be able to pick up the knockout onto the Whimsicott now What's the last Pokemon is it gonna be in Cynarall? It's most likely to be I would imagine But it's fine. It's fine. Stack attacker. Okay Big stacks. Welcome to the party To the party stacks.  I mean with mega more while we're not really too concerned Yeah, Kyogre is just gonna continue to go for protect. It's gonna try and stall out our Sucker bunches I would imagine It's like it's like I probably will go for trick room here But I don't really like too much because then more well becomes slower than the Kyoga and we can just go for a Okay, we're just gonna see Yeah, it's just not doing enough more else too slow Sucker punch and we can just do this all day.  I mean the good Jarra ball Oh, we get the sucker punch now. That's fine. We get the Kyoga and then we just got the stack attacker to deal with We kind of pinned the Kyogre this whole game, especially considering it It was really relying on those double target attacks. I wide guard especially getting looked into it and it helped Into rub salt into the wounded critical hit at the end I don't really think that mattered just quickened the result up But very good game to tapoo Emma and a really nice way for us to kick off today And I'm so sorry that I can't remember who you are If you do watch this, let me know down in the comments and just remind me about what's happening But getting back to the roulette series. We'll look for an ex opponent and we are switching teams right now So we're gonna hop off here and then we're gonna come back with Fabian's team So we will we'll do that and then I can talk a bit more about this roulette series that we've got starting next week and It's gonna be fun fun fun And I did say I was gonna reset my rating for when we start this new series I will still do that. So whatever we end up with at the end of the week. We'll reset that will come back 1500 and we'll see how far we can get on the ladder with these random teams as I just select some music So one of the things that I do want to do is make sure like every team I think minimum has to have one restricted. We are playing a restricted format. So we need to have at least one and Two preferably would be ideal and what I want you to do guys is nominate You can nominate restricted Pokemon. You can nominate non-restricted Pokemon, but only nominate one Pokemon That's that's kind of the rule the boundary so we can keep things a little like the roulette Real isn't like clogged up come back to this in a minute because we've got a Tartine as our next opponent Pliny Q alco team it looks like the Japan national winning team of that combination of a request a solo layer a really Combination that I do love quite a lot. I haven't really played with very much one I would like to play with and but we'll see how we get on with this team So to recap the team because we didn't do at the start of the episode. We've got lawpunny Which is the mega we've got dual mega on this team mega lawpunny mega more while we got Prima grad on you know that primarily gonna be a trick room team We've got Gastrodon has got the Z move and then we've got choice specs tap a cocoa here. So Hmm Huh, what are we gonna do here? I think cocoa is obviously always gonna be a good Pokemon to bring Although the Gastrodon does make things a little bit more difficult. I think mega lawpunny's Actually really quite good Lunala Mega lawpunny. Yeah, I'm quite happy with that We do want ground on I think out of everything the Gastrodon is gonna be a bit difficult to Deal with ground on we definitely need and Here we go tap a cocoa. It's faster than ray. It deals with Finney Yeah, I think I'm gonna go tap a cocoa and bringing dual megas To the same game. It's never gonna be it's never gonna work out. Well, I love this outfit the nurse joy outfit I don't even remember seeing that What if you can get it wouldn't be? I'm just thinking now. I wonder if you could dress your guy character up in a nurse joy outfit I would be totally down for doing that I'm not gonna be competing at any more tournaments. I don't think on I'll say ultra Sunamune. It depends what happens in the 2020 season really doesn't it? We still might be playing until November at least when sudden show comes out So there might be time if that is a possibility Regardless of that we are gonna see an Insineral and we're gonna see tepperfinney come up from my opponent and imagine probably see like maybe an icy wind come out from the Tepperfinney and I'm gonna go fake out into Insineral Oh, we've got the Z move on Lunala as well We got the Z focus blast, which is pretty pretty cool now. We could set up trickery The next turn I do really want to try and get this Insineral if we can so I'm just gonna moon guys to beam the tepperfinney here They cut the fake out user, which is They've been only that advisable, but it's fine. We'll see how we can get on So just a moon guys beam coming out from Lunala There's some nice damage to that type of finney and we do our nature's madness. I kind of prefer this really I don't like this be dropped I completely honest with you Now I think what we could probably do is We didn't even mega evolve low-pony now we're gonna mega evolve right now Ha But there's not really much we can do because I'm gonna Z focus blast the incineral I Mean I could on call the finney into nature's madness Yeah, we could just do that and see focus blast. It should be enough to get this Incineral at least I'm hoping it is going to be enough I don't know whether this team has a soul first incident on it if it does then makes things a bit difficult We could have low kicked and then Z moved into incineral There's the encore will stop any icy winds or hill pulsing or anything like that Here's the Z move at least this is a move we don't have to cut out as well. So that's quite nice Come on Lunala flap those wings get the the punching gloves out. Let's go for an ola pummeling I always laugh when you see this all up pummeling on on lunala and taboo Lily I always think I must be just just like when your opponent sees that just be like You're one of the you're one of those guys. You're one of those guys That's all I think okay, so nature's madness No into Into low puny, but it does miss Thank goodness, and then requires are gonna get the field all right You can get a trick room up and I Don't know if we want do we want trick room up? Do we want trick room up? We could go after you You could go after you trick room to be honest It's just we got cocoa on the back and like getting cocoa in now is Yeah, I think what we'll do is after you when you guys beam into the requires I get some damage onto it put it in dazzling gleam range or Thunderbolt range I'm just a little bit concerned the gastrodon is the last Pokemon in the back and If we lose Lunala That gastrodon becomes a little bit more difficult to deal with but it's fine. It's fine. It should be fine requires a bursting into Mega Dragon ascending something. I do like the after you on low puny that I really do It's a very cool option It failed Right, I need to learn my after you I need to learn my after you mechanics. It's just madness coming out again How did that? How did that not work? Okay, we're bringing cocoa. I've got a feeling that the the requires are banded And if it is it's not really doing too much right now And even if it's not let's encore lock it into that Or I could just discharge I could discharge because We could switch into yeah, let's do that. I like this play Let's switch into ground on and let's let's Let's specs discharge everything we should get the finish from this range. I'm hoping Specs discharge electric terrain. It should be strong enough to get the finny. I'm hoping get good old ground on him We'll get rid of this Delta stream This is way more peeling I love discharge. It's like one of the greatest moves ever Just the paralyzes everything that it hits watch if these two survive. I bet we paralyzed both. I Don't know if they're gonna but I mean it's just crazy. I just love the this quick combination We're gonna see the finny switch out. We're gonna see so the layout come in. That's the that's the one that's left It's gonna take a specs discharge their extreme speed Into ground on that's fine. It doesn't affect us. Come on Paralysis it's not doing as much and we get the paralysis on the requiser. I tell every every time every time I tell you it's not even a joke. Um, okay, we can eruption and We can go for another discharge Because I think race which is out now And just with the the paralysis on the Suggler. We should get the eruption off before it can attack Discharge is broken. It is the most broken move in the game. I swear. It's got higher paralysis chance than the wave I'm not even gonna.  Okay type of finny coming back in the Suggler I want to stick around for later Gets rid of Electric train, but that's fine.  Okay, it's part No, okay. Well, I mean This is gonna just do nothing Puts it into range No, I don't know if it's even in range for another discharge to take it down But the so blue. I don't know what speed this crowd on it's actually that's the thing Gonna worry about the Z move here Let's go as I'm how do we go? I think one of the things you could potentially do is go for a protect Into ground on Go for low puny in it's just I'm kind of worried about the Z move from the Suggler And I know this team has a Z move on so go there. So I I really feel at this point you can go for earth part into ground and pick up the knockout We're not gonna be able to we may not pick up the knockout onto a requiser here with with cocoa and Getting low puny in next turn. We either have fake out earth part into the Suggler Leo Like fake out the requiser or we get to have a cocoa back in if we do season we've launched into this lot anyway, so We'll see we'll see what happens. So ground on protecting extreme speed, okay Paralyzed Okay Let's go. Oh It's part. It's a bit more reliable impressive as blades and let's go for a fake out into a requiser But I think at this point. We're gonna be alright Like I feel like cocoa can come in So go there will probably protect this turn Yeah, that makes a lot of sense Can we on call the Suggler Leo though? That would be but if we can that would be that would be hilarious It can still Z move though. So that's the thing. I probably I'm probably better off and Like the after you's not gonna work because ground on probably gets picked up here from I'm just gonna low kick into the Suggler and I feel like at that point then cocoa can come in and just discharge and win the game Yeah, ground on go oh ground on actually survives Wow Ground on the beast ground on is a beast. We don't even need cocoa Doing this ground on low-pony mega low-pony style Can it well I'll take I'll probably take the rare down, but You might say for fit here you may well eruption It's gonna be the weakest eruption in the world of eruptions extreme speed coming out Doesn't take down a lot of honey and low-kick takes down request so There we go team off to a great start. What a great episode today. I've really enjoyed the games today It's been really fun and just a massive shout out to my opponents today good game to both of them good game to Fabian as well and I Hope you guys have enjoyed it I look forward to hearing your comments do leave your comments down below to let me know what you think of today's episode of the Teams that we've provided with as well today and also just to finish up on the roulette road to ranked roulette series We'll be kicking off on Monday I know I've been going on about it a lot But I need to just reiterate myself repeat myself just to make sure I haven't missed anything So I am asking each and every one of you that would like to get involved in this new series It will be kicking off Monday in place of Daily routine VGC series, so it will act exactly the same. So if you enjoy the series, don't worry It's gonna be pretty much exactly the same, but we're just adding a big twist onto it instead of playing Meta game teams kind of common teams standard teams We're gonna be playing completely random teams where you guys get to pick and Single Pokemon you nominate one Pokemon in a thread that I will put a post up on the YouTube channels Make sure you do check that out. That will be up today You go over there you nominate one Pokemon It can be a restricted Pokemon a non-restricted Pokemon It has to be legal in the VGC 19 format and then what we will do on our first episode on Monday we will do a draw and roulette wheel the winning Pokemon and then we'll have the team and that will be our team to take forward Playing on the VGC ladder, which will be a lot of fun So it's gonna we're gonna have to get really creative with the team We're gonna have to make sure that we we can do things to catch our opponent off guard because One of you guys might decide that you want to see Charmeleon played and then it comes up in the roulette And we're with a team with Charmeleon. I mean how wacky will that be? So we've got to be innovative. We've got to be creative. We've got to bring all the memes But at the end of the day, I think it's gonna be a lot of fun There are gonna be little rules snippets regulations around the week and how things perform how things play so we can switch things up We can take things out. We can add things in and it'll all be really good It'll all be really good. We can have like all icons everything will be revealed on Monday I've got a whole thing together of all so go over there get voting nominate your Pokemon And I hope you guys are Excited as I as excited as I am for this new series I'm really excited about it I think it's gonna be a really fun Series and maybe you can get players involved and opponents involved in this and do and do best at threes with it in the future So it's got lots of scope to do all sorts of stuff with but I'm gonna end in there because I feel like I'm just gonna go on and on and on about it because I do have a Lot of excitement for it on another note We will be catching up with flinch got circuits So keeping out for those episodes and I will be doing some sword and shield content starting next week on the channel So lots in the pipeline and lots to get excited about and I'll just say thank you so much for tuning in guys Have an amazing recipe day whatever you're up to and I will catch you for the next one So until then take care and bye-bye


Greetings and welcome to Books for Busy Students. I'm Lauren, a librarian at the Ray Howard Library. Thor, Goddess of Thunder by Jason Aaron, asks the question, who is Thor without his hammer? If Thor's hammer is the source of all his power and Thor is defined by this power, does that make him not be Thor anymore once the hammer is lost to him?  When a new character appears that is able to wield and control Thor's hammer in ways he was never able to, Thor challenges the stranger to return his hammer and end the sorcery that has separated him from his powers. Find out how the masked Goddess of Thunder not only takes on Thor's enemies, but amidst the chaos finds time to kiss Thor too when he asks if she's his mother. This volume puts an end to the questions about what to call the new Thor. Even though we get some pretty funny suggestions from Spider-Man, such as Lady Hammerpants and Thorita. For the record, she's now Thor, and the original Thor goes by his actual name, Odinson, now that he's without his powers. Thor, Goddess of Thunder by Jason Aaron, is available now at the Ray Howard Library, along with other exciting graphic novels. Thanks for watching!


Please introduce yourself. Okay. Hey, so my name is Leticia Corot. I am, I'm a career changer. I was a hairdresser. I still am a hairdresser, but I needed a little something more. And I decided to go into cybersecurity. Excellent. So are you currently studying now? What stage are you in transitioning into a cybersecurity career? Yeah, so at the moment, I am a student. I am studying for actually several certifications. It seems like a lot of folks will just do it all, you know, subsequent. But I find that it's a lot better when you kind of spread out and you look at your content from different angles. So at the moment, my focus is in CompTIA Security Plus. But in the future, I hope to gain a CCIE. And that might be kind of far away, I'm sure, but the Cisco certifications along with the CompTIA certifications are going to be amazing for me and my career, my family. Excellent. And are you studying for these certifications as part of a college program or tell me a little bit about how you're doing that as a self-study? Yeah, so no, I actually am going through a program, which I absolutely love. And what I'm doing is I'm taking the certification course, which would not necessarily certify me, but it definitely gives me the foundational concepts that I need. So why cybersecurity? As you said, it's a bit of a big transition from going from curling hair and working kind of in person with people to going into cybersecurity. What inspired that change? Why that sealed in particular? I noticed that there, actually, I have a friend and my friend was saying, you know what, you're really good with computers. And I was thinking, I just kind of tinker a little bit. But what happens when someone sparks something in you, you wind up feeling this need to discover more. If it's not about yourself, it's about what's out there. So I decided to go out on the internet and I was looking through YouTube and I said, I wonder what people are doing out here in this type of field. And I saw all of this amazing content where people are protecting systems, protecting computers, whether it be behind the router on a land or on a land. I noticed that there was times where some organizations had breaches and I'm thinking, how does that happen? So that curiosity sparked my thirst for more knowledge. Excellent, excellent. And you mentioned to me when we'd had a chance to discuss earlier that you're also creating, going to start creating some content where you discuss tech issues. Would you tell me a little bit about that? Yeah, so what I find is that in this arena of tech, there is not enough education and it's not accessible, especially for people that don't like myself. You don't know anything about technology and the things that you do know it's not, it's so fundamental that it's hard to grasp the concepts. So what I decided to do was launch a YouTube channel that explains in very plain English what some of these concepts are. And I find that building content is, that's a passion, it's fun. Excellent. What's the name of your YouTube channel? My YouTube channel is under my name, Leticia Corot, and the show is called Tish Talks Tech. Excellent. Well, I certainly love to check that out. So have you, so far in your experience as you're transitioning, have you, there's been a lot of talk in the news about how there aren't enough women in tech, how there aren't enough people of color in tech. Have you experienced any difficulties translating kind of your new role into tech, given those barriers or have you, have you found that there are issues with representation or, or anything like that? Can you talk about being a woman of color in tech is what I'm trying to, what I'm trying to get at? Yeah. Without coffee, unfortunately. I completely feel you on that. The tea train has not hit my stop at all. Yeah, so your question is, oh, wow. It can, I could talk about it forever, but I'll make it brief. The bottom line is, we have, we as women have obstacles. And a lot of the times the representation is null. When, as I got into, as I'm traveling through my journey, I found maybe, I don't know, maybe three or four women of color that really have a grasp on technology. And, and for what I do, or what I'm, what I'm learning network security, I found one person that I saw and I said, wow, she's really making moves. That's Erica Cooper. She is a CCIE and a double CCIE candidate. And I reached out to her and she was like, I'm always here to teach a mentor and learn and, and the ladies over at Cisco. They're fantastic. They are really fantastic. You would be surprised at what you what you can accomplish when you have a strong learning team. So my advice to anyone that is looking for any sort of knowledge, it doesn't even have to be tech. This, this is everywhere. Find a strong team, select people that shine to you, look for yourself in that arena. We as women in tech, it's, it's very hard. There's not very many and the ones that that are here. They are working so hard to lay this foundation. Follow the yellow brick road, if you will, for the rest of us. So you have to go out and you have to find it. And so I did forget to ask you what the CCIE stand for. CCIE a couple times. Right. Yeah. Yeah. So a CCIE is a certification that's given by Cisco. And there are, there are a few certifications that people have. Some of them start with like route and switch, which is routing and switching that is making sure that your whole network is fine. And then they go into different routes for CCIE and I want to make sure that I have the correct terminology here. So I'm going to read it. It's a Cisco certification. It is the certified intern, internet work expert. And to get that you have to go through other things. So there's like the, there's the ICD one, which is the first test, if you will, that certifies it that you know a lot about computers. And it's not even a lot. It's just the fundamental things.  So CCNA is the associate excuse me and then CCNP is the professional and then you can go after that anywhere. I'm choosing for my lane security, because I want to be able to protect and protect networks and penetration tests, and all those good things that encompass security. I want to protect things. I like to break them and fix them. Excellent. And what about the area you live in? Tell me a little bit about the employment prospects there? Is the tech industry in your area growing? Is it moving? What's happening there? Right. So I'm in Texas. And my area is the Dallas area and tech is booming. It is booming. And the fun thing about this area is that there's so much to choose from. So I have Dallas. I can go down to San Antonio where there is another large tech sector. And then, of course, there's Austin, which is like the melting pot for tech. Everything about tech comes out of Austin. So, yeah, this area, it's great. And the job prospects are plentiful. Excellent. And so, how much longer do you have in your current program and what are your next steps after you finish? Right. So my current program through New Horizons, they give me about five months, which is really, really fast when you think about it. But the thing is, is that with this type of certification, certifications, you are constantly practicing your building networks through Packet Tracer, GNS3, and those are just their builders. You're constantly reading and trying to go to meetups. And so the five months you may think that's not a lot of time, but when you are inculcating yourself with this type of knowledge, that time goes by really quick, really quick. So I will more than likely be sitting for my first certification mid-December. I'll let you know how that goes. I know that you're going to do fantastic. Yes. I know that you'll do a fantastic job. Absolutely. But that's wonderful. This sounds like an excellent opportunity. Very exciting to see that you're embarking on a new adventure with your career and seeing that you've been really thoughtful about creating networks and learning opportunities for yourself as a professional and mentorship opportunities. So this is very exciting. And I'm glad that we had a chance to connect just in time for the end of Cyber Security Awareness Month. So looking forward to that and looking forward to publishing this interview and please do send me the information to your channel. We'd love to link that in as well. Any other questions or things that you want to say, pieces of advice for people who are thinking about switching careers and switching into Cyber Security in particular? Yeah. People that are looking to switch and you want to broaden what you already have foundationally. Let's say that you're a coder and someone that creates websites from code or whatever the case may be, you should discover what's out there. There's so much and all of the technology connects. The Internet of Things, IoT, people use your phone, your washer and dryer, the refrigerator, your car. There's so much that's going on as far as technology is concerned and you just need to broaden out as far as someone like myself. If you are a professional and like for me, I love doing hair. I enjoy the creative process. The thing is, is that, you know, sometimes you want just a tiny bit more of whatever it could be. And for me, it was, man, I wish that I could make an app that I can be able to have my customers go through and say, oh, yeah, I can get this service and that service. And I'll do it at this time. And they call them like to do apps, but I just wanted to do that really. My friend was like, you're really good with computers. Try something new. So that's what I'm doing. I have to, and even if I fail at one point, I have to get back up and keep going. But for those of us that are like me, you have to start discovering. You have to broaden out. And women especially, because there's so much at the opportunities are endless. And when you get into tech, yeah, there are some barriers. However, once you get over the learning curve, the sky is yours. You're flying the plane. It's pretty neat. Excellent. Excellent. I think that's great advice and great encouragement for anybody who's thinking of going from one thing to the next. And it's something that we'll all have to consider at least a few and a few points in our lives. So I'm so glad that we were able to talk about it. Thank you so much for your time. Really excited to be able to chat a bit about this. Since you're going through the computer science programming little shameless plug for Sailor Academy. We do have a group of computer science courses and we have a course that pretty directly links to some cybersecurity based degree programs. We have one on, I'm going to mess up the name. It's our computer science 402 class and I'll get the exact name later. I believe it's, we have one that's computer networks and then there's one on discrete structures that also links in and our courses are free for a nonprofit. But you can use them to study for other parts of your exam or when you're going on to your next exam, but I know whatever resources you pull together, you'll do really well. So I'm very excited to talk about it. Oh yeah, you know, I think one thing that that we all need to remember is that you have to gather resources. And I think that Sailor having the free online courses. I think that that's excellent because you never know where you're going to get that nugget you never know. So I'm actually I'm going to go and check it out because I need to have all the learning resources. And like I said, I believe in having a strong team and if Sailor has that out there, guess who's looking at it. Awesome. Awesome. I will send you the link. Excellent. Well, let's see. Thank you so much again. I do hope that we keep in touch. I'm not in Texas often but if we happen to cross paths or you happen to come back to DC to visit. Let's let's definitely get together. But let's certainly keep in touch. I'm really excited about your new journey. Thank you so much. Thanks for having me. It's a pleasure. Thank you so much. Pleasure with all mine.


conference. You've probably noticed a gorgeous day out there, so all of you get extra kudos for being here. It's also clearly Cybersecurity Day and not just for us. If you walked in, you might have seen, there are two Cybersecurity conferences going on in this building today. If you get confused, we're the cool one. So welcome, and welcome to everybody who is watching online. I would be very remiss, particularly on cybersecurity, not to welcome everybody online. New America is about big ideas, bridging policy and technology, and broad public conversation. Bridging policy and technology, cybersecurity is our sweet spot, and all the dimensions of cybersecurity. Broad public conversation, as you're going to see today, we slice and dice cybersecurity in lots of different ways, including ways we think will reach broader audiences. We also do that by working on cyber issues across the country, and I'm going to say a little more about that, and thinking essentially about videos and different kinds of publication to broaden this conversation. Cybersecurity security, and it needs to be security for everyone, and we think very hard about that. And the first thing I said was big ideas, and that has been New America's hallmark since we were founded in 1999. We aim not for the classic policy dialogue, which is often smaller ideas. I always said when I came to the State Department and people said, what's the difference between Washington and academia? I would say in academia you're rewarded for big ideas with only your name on them, and in Washington you're rewarded for breaking big ideas into little ideas, ideas that you can push through the policy process and convincing other people they thought of them, which is a separate conversation. But the way we're thinking today, and this is the first theme of our conference, is securing the future cyberspace. We're really asking you to look forward a decade and think about the cybersecurity challenges that we're going to face 10 years from now, not just today, not just a couple years from now. And a couple of weeks ago we hosted Michael Daniel and the White House cybersecurity team for a public event at New America rolling out the Cybersecurity National Action Plan. And then right after that, although I can't fully claim all credit for this, the Commission for Enhancing Cybersecurity led by Tom Donilon and Sam Palmisano was announced and asked to look forward 10 years. And so we're exactly where that commission is, and we hope we'll be feeding ideas to them. So that's our first theme. Our second theme today is diversity and inclusion in the cybersecurity workforce. We take diversity very seriously in many different ways. So let me start with our cybersecurity initiative itself, which is a joint venture between our International Security Program and Ian Wallace leads the initiative from the International Security Point of View and the Open Technology Institute. And Ross Schulman leads it from that side. So to start with, we're bringing together the classic National Security Discourse, which is a foreign policy person. When you say cybersecurity in my world, you're thinking about government, you're thinking about other countries hacking, you're thinking about National Defense. But we bring that together with the Open Technologies Institute's focus on civilian cybersecurity, on commercial and consumer cybersecurity, on privacy, on civil liberties and civil rights. That's a conversation that has to happen. And I have to be honest, we don't always agree. That's the point. We often have a very robust internal debate. So we think about intellectual diversity. We think about geographic diversity and simply bringing as many different perspectives in here today. For the first time, we have our non-resident cybersecurity fellows. And they are from all over the country. And we've got fellows from North Dakota, from Georgia, from New Jersey, from California. And they're all here. I actually, for those cybersecurity fellows who are here, can you just stand up for one second, just so everybody can see you? I'm not going to ask you to introduce yourselves. But I encourage people to get to seek them out and talk to them over the course of the day. And indeed, we're already, and through our cybersecurity fellows issuing reports and articles and lots. And we've got, in fact, a brand new graphic policy paper, which I very much recommend. So that's the ways in which we're working on diversity that are not always included when we talk about diversity. But the theme today is also the ways in which we can engage more women in cybersecurity. Again, cybersecurity is security. And that means it's security for everyone. And having a particular group of people own this space is not healthy commercially. It's not healthy in terms of security or privacy. But thinking more broadly about women, about minorities, about extending this conversation as broadly as our society and our politics. And that is also about social justice. And that's the second theme of the conference is diversity and inclusion, as I said, in the cybersecurity workforce. So we're going to explore those two themes today. But we're, of course, also going to look at some very pressing issues that are in the headlines. We are going to talk about grid security. We're going to talk about Apple versus the FBI. And we're going to approach these issues from as broad a range of perspectives as possible. We also have time for you to get to know each other in the networking space outside. And that's a large part of this conference and the initiative, which is to build community. So let's get started. And I'm very pleased to introduce as our opening speaker, who's going to start talking about cyberspace and cybersecurity, Paul Nicholas from Microsoft, Paul's a senior director at Microsoft. And he runs their global security strategy and diplomacy. And I just have to stop for a second and say again, as a foreign policy person, introducing someone from Microsoft with diplomacy in their title is a real sign of how this world is changing. Right? Again, from my traditional perspective, cybersecurity is for governments. Diplomacy is for governments. Not so. Cybersecurity is also for companies. It's also for civilians. And the diplomacy that is involved, whether that's working with very skeptical Europeans or governments who have very different ideas about what security means is for companies as well as governments. So with that, let me introduce Paul and let's get started. Thank you.


Duh in order to get ready to audition you need to learn acting things do scene study learn how to act all of that But we're not talking about that because you already know that what we're gonna talk about is how you're going to get to those auditions Headshots resume getting yourself tape gear together and creating a little clip of your acting So when you submit two jobs, they will actually ask you to send in an audition because they got a little taste of your acting Hopefully you've seen part one and part two because we're a part three I am an actor Telling you what you should do if you want to get into acting as if you were my best friend Number one tip for headshots is that it needs To look Like you When you come in in person, they're like, yes, that's the person I was expecting Make sure that you give it to a few people that know you in real life Talk to you interact with you and ask them which headshot looks the most like me It's going to take time for you to get comfortable in front of the camera and learn what headshots work for you What headshots that you submit actually get attention and book you certain roles this specific route of your headshots I think is smart in not wasting a bunch of money if you were my best friend I would just grab my phone and take a photo of you because I have this is my best friend jasmine And this is a photo a professional photographer took of her And then this is a photo I took of her on like an iphone 10 or something both of them look like her I think both of them are pretty good quality if this was for her first day going out for auditions I believe she would get soft tape requests. DIY it you don't necessarily have to use this headshot for Trying to audition for big jobs But if you have a little bit more time to do some research and contact people and explore There's still another free way where you can get headshots from an actual photographer Look into universities near you and see if there's a photography program or even photographers Just wanted to do different test shoots where they're like, okay I really want to take pictures of jewelry So will you be my model to take pictures of these earrings and you can be like, yes Since you're not getting paid for it You can say, okay, we can do a photo shoot for your jewelry But will you also take photos of me like a headshot like this? So if you really really don't know what your type is right now, it's okay just wear something solid and Take a picture of you what you look like do some in different mood some smiling some serious Those are super basic But at least we can see what your face looks like and you can provide them with examples of exactly what you want Your headshot to look like and how you're going to find that is I think the best way is by Looking at agencies websites and looking at their their talent Once in a while photographers or different community organizations will also organize pop-up photo sessions These are usually catered towards people having like a professional linkedin photo But linkedin photos the framing is very close to an actual headshot If you are in an acting class you can try and talk to the Instructor or the manager of the studio and see if they have done this before or are willing to bring in a Photographer and do a group session of headshots This will save you some money also when you do go and submit to agents because They're going to pitch you a very specific way So if you show them all of these headshots where you look great You don't have any headshots that look like a college student So I need you to go get those and they'll give you probably a few different things that they're going to pitch you as But they're going to want you to have new headshots So it is I believe a waste of time to try and get amazing headshots on your way in Ultimately, of course headshots are so important and you should get some amazing ones later on but Get those once you have somebody that will give you specific advice And give you specific people that you should go get your headshots at like somebody that knows a little bit more than me about your situation Resumes are dead The normal paper resumes those basically you never use them just as you almost never print out your headshot I have made videos in the past about resumes I don't really think you need it but you can go ahead and make one But you should print it out in eight by ten your headshot and your resume In case one day you get a call back or go into an in-person audition So you have it ready and if somebody wants it you have it what replace those paper resumes are Casting website resumes which are much better because not only do you have all the same information But there's a link where people can click and see you in action in that job Now that we can almost start submitting to the auditions We need somewhere to film the auditions because last year I did 112 auditions and all of them Were either zoom auditions or self-tape auditions minimum Like if you're going to shoot a self-tape right now with whatever you have at home Is going to be stacking a bunch of stuff and putting your phone eye level That's the most important part put it eye level a tiny bit of space at the top of your head You want to be center in order to not look like The wall behind you needs to be blank a solid wall Try and get this framing as best as possible And how you're going to get this is by making sure that your eyes are right where the camera is What camera are you going to use your phone? Please use your phone your phone is good enough if you have At least 720p honestly for self-tape auditions That's totally fine because if you have good framing a lot of other things are going to be a little bit more forgiving Lighting sound like you just want to be able to be heard. Like can we hear your voice? How distracting are other things around you along the way? You'll be like, huh the lighting happens to be really good in my room at like 4 p.m One step up would be getting a tripod and ring lights usually have a phone mount so that you can set your phone there So it's like two and one lighting and a tripod definitely suggests that Casting workbook still has a few self-tape kits. I've talked about this in the past The next step after that which is one that will require a lot more money and If you have the funds for it go ahead and just get nice things now because I've made the mistake of having to buy things Again and again and again and like now I've wasted so much money, but get a good tripod I have an amazon storefront thing where I link all of the things that I use Of course, you might know that I love savage paper backdrops So you have like a website for themselves the tripods for the paper backdrops You can get a really cheap one on amazon, but if you have pets or Kids or anybody who might break it they will break it because they're so wobbly You're going to spend about 100 150 dollars more to get really sturdy ones like these ones And they're going to last you a long time the paper You really can't go wrong with like a studio blue like this one or a thunder gray like this one basically my advice for the self-tape studio is to Do it as basic as possible save up your money and then get good quality items That you're going to keep forever.  It's going to be a student film. It's going to be some student film something like that But it's way better to have you in action and see your quality of acting right now Once you start booking some stuff short film student films tv shows whatever You're going to be able to grab those and replace the things that you did on your own if you were my best friend I would of course tell you send me your self-tape auditions and I will give you feedback I will tell you, you know, what I think you can improve I'm opening up a way where you can send in your self-tape auditions Again, not as an acting coach But I'm honestly just going to give you feedback From as much as I can because I'm not going to be able to coach you and tell you exactly how you can be An amazing actor because that's going to take more than just like a reply to an email But I can recommend different acting classes if I know your area basically california Um, I can recommend different books exercises You're framing your lighting your sound like maybe little things that you haven't noticed I'll be able to give you feedback and I don't know how long I'm going to leave this open because in the past Like a bunch of people will tell me I want to send you my self-tapes I want feedback and then when I finally open it up It's like crickets. So I'm just going to wait and see like How many people submit and then once that link is gone from the description then that means it's closed But I will do it again in the future in the next video in this one We're going to make casting website accounts. I'm going to show you mine And you can give me feedback. You can tell me like belgica that one Headshot doesn't really look like you. It's a little awkward but take it off and I'll be like cool Thank you for your feedback. So let's go make some casting websites profiles


Yes, I apologize. You will have to make the line, Rubina. Although this talk will be more focused on chemistry than probably she would have given you a much more urbanized view on Geras and the whole project. So I apologize for that in advance. But this is a project we've done together. So Rubina and Akim Liegenberger are the directors of this big excavation in Geras that's been going on since 2011. And we became involved in the Geras studies. So me and Ian Freestone, looking at the chemistry of the Geras, and Hunter Schwarzter have been looking at the typology. And so that way we have kind of tried to cover all angles to try to understand the Geras that came to Geras. Geras, and I really wish Rubina could introduce Geras, but it's at the eastern end of the Roman Empire. And then when the Byzantine Empire is slamming, it becomes either any great part of that. But in 704, there's an earthquake, and that's the end of the city. So that's also the end of the story of the Geras. It's a big temple area. And here are some of the temples. But what they chose to do was to work in one of the more areas away from the temples to look at, hopefully, what they were hoping was the more domestic settings. So not the glass used for the big temples, but maybe the glass used and also in the house. And this is what it looks like. So you may not guess it, but there will be fantastic house structures and beds and things like that, and cisterns for water and all of this. And so here is Jared with the city wall. Looking exactly like the Millennium Falcon. But it actually is actually two hills coming down, and then there's a river, the Barney that runs down in the middle, and it runs through the city gates on either side. And their area, the ones here, the big temple area, this is now all occupied by the city. So there's no access to the ruins on that side. And here's the area with the domestic houses away from the big temples. So a little bit about the stories is there is fine from the stone age, very little from the Hellenistic period, although we find less from this period. And then the city really blossoms in the Byzantine and in the Islamic period until he goes quick, wipes it out. And after that, there's a little bit of settlement in that area from the man looks. One of the contexts that they have, or the most fantastic context they have is when the earthquake hit, there are these houses that are preserved, and they have this house. In particular, they have the most fantastic finds. So not just here at the blast, but also metal and this gold-weed necklace, lots of jewelry, but otherwise, not as rich houses as this one. And this is where we actually right before the earthquake. I'll come back to that because we also find some really interesting glass types in this particular house, whereas we find the more common glass types in the other areas that they have excavated. So they've excavated a lot of trenches within this area. And so what we chose to do was to, actually, Hallberg chose out a selection that would include the most typical of the typology. And it turned out that most of the typology was based on time at early Icelandic, and that's what we did the glass analysis on. And this formed the basis for a very big study that we have then been working on since then. And there's just to show what I couldn't see, that this is a cosmetic flask, so these typologies. OK, so at the time, and I don't have to go through this, but of course, we had the production in Egypt, and we had the production at a different time coast with the different types of glasses coming from the different factories. And so we didn't only want to see what the prominence of the glass was. We also wanted to understand in the workings of the city, so what can we say about the recycling? What can we say about the type of fuels they use because they would all contaminate the glass, it burns through the plate, like we showed for reason a little bit, and also contamination for flow types, pipes and tools. So basically, I understand that. And this seems to be a very big thing. So we did electron microchrome analysis and ICP analysis for the trace element, and here I just want to find out steep, because steep is actually the student who was working on the late context in the lever. So here she's not working on glass, she is actually working on paper glass. The results were that we find, so here are just the different groups from Chabille and Freestone. And what we see is mostly in time of 11 time glasses. We also see Roman glass and a couple of Hellenistic glasses in the selection we had. We can now say from the big selection that this represents really well what it is. There's lots of business time glass. There's also quite a bit of Roman glasses in the Roman context. And then there are some excellent glass types that comes right in the end. And it fits also the stratumizer tools, which we did. We have one here, anti-molar glass from Egypt, and it also had a different stratumizer type of composition, so that was showing that it's from a different stand than the ones along 11 time coast. And we saw lots of signs of recycling. So it seems that Geras really was a talent. Even in the Roman glass, we also see, but this is for the business time glass that was reusing the glass. And I'm about to say that the business time glass is coming from Avalonia, so it has the chemical signature of Avalonia. And we see a very strong correlation between Tegermann phosphorus coming from remelting the glass. We also see that elements that are related to the raw materials in the glass, they had a very low coefficient of variation of glass colorants, so mixed in color glass in the remelting and shows a very big variations within these glass. And we know that there was a lot of recycling for it, because we see in the Artemis temple that under the stairs, there were just these piles of glass, but here they were collecting the glass, taking them back probably to recycling. And this is a photo of this glass from Avalonia, so she's working on that glass. So it's a little bit away from the Northwest quarter that we were working in, but it's just showing that there was a very systematic system where they collected the glass and remeltered it. This is a experimental study by Panger, where she gives, oh, I see that some of the elements are missing, I don't know why, but it's just showing the different contaminants you get in the glass from the different components or from the ash, for instance, this should have said calcium, phosphorus, and potassium. And from the clays, you get alumina, titanium, and iron, and from the blowpipe, of course, iron. And what we see in the Byzantine glass along with the contamination of phosphorus is we also see potassium, but we don't see an increase in calcium. And this seems to be significant for what kind of fuels they were using in their remelting ovens, and that also disappeared. Interesting, it must be a PC, Mac thing, but in Umelge-Mau, there's a study also of these alumina-type Byzantine glasses where they see a build-up of potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, whereas in Geras, we only see a build-up of potassium and phosphorus. So it seems like they were using two different fuels in the two towns when they remeltered the glasses. And this would be a very typical wood fuel, where you have a lot of calcium, wood-ass glass, and we were trying to figure out what this fuel could be where you don't have a build-up of calcium. And so we looked at, since the North West quarter was studied from all angles, Kaniele Magsdorff was looking at the type of animals they had, so we tried to look in these databases for different fuels, or different ash compositions of bone from sheep and goat and pigs and cow, and that actually has a lot of calcium. We also looked at the different trees that everybody had been observed, and so the oak, olive, and pine nut tree will also resolve the contamination of calcium from the fuel ash. But one thing that does not do it is olive pits and pop, so you could take the remnants of your olive oil production, use it as a fuel, that might be what could result in low-protection calcium. And this was kind of a fantastic observation for us, to see that, since we know there are lots of olive presence in gel ash, that they were using a different fuel. So the question is, of course, why did they, we know that they changed the fuel, so it used to be that there was calcium in the contamination from the fuel ash. Is it because they're looking for a cheaper fuel to keep up the man? Is it because they ran out of wood? That is, of course, an open question. But for the newer study we looked at, we actually found some more of the glass types. So in the house that was hit by the earthquake, we see Egypt one glasses, we see plant ash glasses from East, so it seems like there were a lot of trade routes that went open to Gerrit. And the reason we don't see them before the earthquake is maybe Gerrit didn't open up in the business time, or because they were easy to get glass from the 11 coast. Or maybe it's because when they did get them and they broke, they put them back in the recycling piles and then, of course, the signatures disappears. We don't know that, but they are there. There is glass coming from the south and there is glass coming from the east but we can only see it in the context that there's so much problem in the south. So I hope I look up to Kuvina and what she would have said. I know she would have said it differently, but I'm going to... Thank you.


U.S. preparing for Yemen sustained bombing campaign. The U.S. is preparing for a sustained bombing campaign in Yemen after 10 days of airstrikes failed to undermine the ability of Houthi fighters to target ships in the Red Sea. The Washington Post has reported citing unnamed officials. The administration of President Joe Biden does not accept a protracted operation such as the U.S. campaigns in Iraq or Afghanistan. But at the same time, it cannot provide a timeframe for when Houthi military capabilities will be adequately diminished. The newspaper reported Washington's strategy is to curb the ability of the Shiite militants group to target ships off the coast of Yemen or at least create some conditions for shipping companies to resume sending vessels through the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, sources added. The Houthis have launched dozens of drone and missile attacks on commercial ships in the area in recent months declaring support for Gaza amid Israel's military operation in the Palestinian enclave. The militants have also vowed revenge against the U.S. and the U.K. who have been carrying out strikes on Houthi targets in Yemen for more than a week. We are clear eyed about who the Houthis are and their worldview. So we're not sure that they're going to stop immediately, but we are certainly trying to degrade and destroy their capabilities. One U.S. official told the Post. The Washington Post expressed concern that the bombing campaign against the Houthis would become a setback for Biden's goal of preventing the spread of the Israel-Hamas conflict to other parts of the Middle East. It could also end up undermining his attempt to refocus U.S. foreign policy on Russia and China. The newspaper argued.