Today we have a theme in our workbook lesson that is salvation, salvation. Interesting word, salvation. Jesus reminds us in his text of the Course in Miracles that only the mind needs to be salvaged and it's only saved through peace. So this is an important direction as we go into today's workbook lesson because salvation has been applied to persons and people. Salvation has been applied to different aspects of the world or saving the world but salvation is for the mind. It's the mind that's sleeping and dreaming of exile from God that needs salvation. It needs to be saved from its false belief in the ego, the devil, evil, things that God did not create. God is not in a battle. God is pure love, unconditional, eternal, changeless love, and what seems to be the conflict is basically arising from the belief in a split mind. But love and fear don't go together. You can't believe in both love and fear and know the Creator. What the Holy Spirit is, the reminder in our mind, the remembrance of God's love, and that's why it's so important to follow the Holy Spirit, listen to the Holy Spirit, follow the instructions. That's what Jesus is our demonstration of. He basically listened to the Holy Ghost. He listened to the Holy Spirit. He heard only one voice. He transcended the ego. He even said 2,000 years ago, be of good cheer for I have overcome the world. So that's a good reminder too that we cannot look for salvation in the world enough of saving the planet, saving the whales, saving the government, saving the country, foolishness, absolute foolishness. It's the sleeping mind that believes in separation from God that of course is the point of salvation. It's the point of redemption. It's the point of forgiveness. It's the point of healing. There is no other purpose worthy of our holy mind. So today we are going to jump into Lesson 70 from the workbook Lessons of a Course in Miracles. My salvation comes from me. This is my salvation comes from the Christ identity that I am. This is not salvation from a personality's self. There are no personal saviors. God is no respecter of persons, the Bible tells us. So here we go. My salvation comes from me.  All temptation is nothing more than some form of the basic temptation not to believe the idea for today. Salvation seems to come from anywhere except from you. So too does the source of guilt. You see neither guilt nor salvation as in your own mind and nowhere else. When you realize that all guilt is solely an invitation of your mind, you also realize that guilt and salvation must be in the same place. It is in understanding this you are saved. So yeah guilt and salvation. You could say wrong-mindedness is guilt. Right-mindedness of Jesus and the Holy Spirit is salvation and it's a choice in the mind. Don't look to the world for salvation. It's a choice in the mind. My salvation comes from me. My salvation comes from mind, from choosing mind. Yeah there's been beautiful teachers of this. Mary Baker Eddy really was such a beautiful demonstration of divine mind. Spectacular, sparkling, pointing always pointing to God, pointing to God. God is the source of everything. God is the source of healing. God is the source of identity. The seeming cost of accepting today's idea is this. It means that nothing outside yourself can save you. Nothing outside yourself can give you peace. But it also means that nothing outside yourself can hurt you or disturb your peace or upset you in any way. Today's idea places you in charge of the universe where you belong because of what you are. This is not a role that can be partially accepted and you must surely begin to see that accepting it is salvation. It may not however be clear to you why the recognition that guilt is in your own mind entails the realization that salvation is there as well. God would not have put the remedy for sickness where it cannot help. That is the way your mind has worked but hardly his. He wants you to be healed so he has kept the source of healing where the need for healing lies. You have tried to do just the opposite making every attempt however distorted and fantastic it might be to separate healing from the sickness for which it was intended and thus keep the sickness. Your purpose was to ensure that healing did not occur. God's purpose was to ensure that it did. Today we practice realizing that God's will and ours are really the same in this. God wants us to be healed and we do not really want to be sick because it makes us unhappy. Therefore in accepting the idea for today we are really in agreement with God. He does not want us to be sick neither do we. He wants us to be healed. So do we. We are ready for longer practice periods today each of which should last some 10 to 15 minutes. We will however still let you decide when to undertake them. We will follow this practice for a number of lessons and it would again be well to decide in advance when would be a good time to lay aside for each of them and then in hearing to your own decisions as closely as possible. Begin these practice periods by repeating the idea for today and adding a statement signifying your recognition that salvation comes from nothing outside you. You might put it this way. My salvation comes from me. It cannot come from anywhere else. Then devote a few minutes with your eyes closed to reviewing some of the external places where you have looked for salvation in the past in other people, in possessions, in various situations and events, and in self concepts that you sought to make real. Recognize that it is not there. And tell yourself my salvation cannot come from any of these things. My salvation comes from me and only from me. Now we will try again to reach the light in you which is where your salvation is. You cannot find it in the clouds that surround the light and it is in them you have been looking for it. It is not there. It is past the clouds and in the light beyond. Remember that you will have to go through the clouds before you can reach the light. But remember also that you have never found anything in the cloud patterns you imagined that endured or that you wanted. Since all illusions of salvation have failed you, surely you do not want to remain in the clouds looking vainly for idols there when you can also easily walk into the light of real salvation. Try to pass the clouds by whatever means appeals to you. If it helps you, if it helps you, think of me holding your hand and leading you. And I assure you this will be no idol fantasy. For the short and frequent practice periods today remind yourself that your salvation comes from you and nothing but your own thoughts can hamper your progress. You are free from all external interference.  You are in charge of the salvation of the world. Say then my salvation comes from me. Nothing outside of me can hold me back. Within me is the world's salvation and my own. My salvation comes from me. Big one. And to support us today in accepting the atonement, accepting salvation, accepting redemption, accepting happiness, joy, peace, love, understanding, harmony, that there's nothing greater. That is the whole purpose of everything is to accept the correction for the error that we had called ego. So we're going to look to chapter 18 from the text in section 6 for support for the lesson of the day. My salvation comes from me, from the mind, where the correction, the Holy Spirit abides, where Jesus abides. Beyond the body, there is nothing outside you. That is what you must ultimately learn. For it is the realization that the kingdom of heaven is restored to you. For God created only this and he did not depart from it nor leave it separate from himself. The kingdom of heaven is the dwelling place of the Son of God who left not his Father and dwells not apart from him. Heaven is not a place nor a condition. It is merely an awareness of perfect oneness and the knowledge that there is nothing else, nothing outside this oneness and nothing else within. What could God give but knowledge of himself? What else is there to give? The belief that you could give and get something else, something outside yourself has cost you the awareness of heaven and of your identity. And you have done a stranger thing than you yet realize. You have displaced your guilt to your body from your mind. Yet a body cannot be guilty for it can do nothing of itself.  You hate your mind for guilt has entered into it and it would remain separate from your brothers, which it cannot do. Minds are joined, bodies are not. Only by assigning to the mind the properties of the body does separation seem to be possible. And it is mind that seems to be fragmented and private and alone. Its guilt which keeps it separate is projected to the body which suffers and dies because it is attacked to hold the separation in mind and let it not know its identity. Mind cannot attack but it can make fantasies and direct the body to act them out. Yet it is never what the body does that seems to satisfy. Unless the mind believes the body is actually acting out its fantasies it will attack the body by increasing the projection of its guilt upon it. In this the mind is clearly delusional. It cannot attack but it maintains it can and uses what it does to hurt the body to prove it can. The mind cannot attack but it can deceive itself and this is all it does when it believes it has attacked the body. It can project its guilt but it will not lose it through projection. And though it clearly can misperceive the function of the body it cannot change its function from what the Holy Spirit establishes it to be. The body was not made by love yet love does not condemn it and can use it lovingly respecting what the Son of God has made and using it to save him from illusions. Would you not have the instruments of separation reinterpreted as a means for salvation and used for purposes of love? Would you not welcome and support the shift from fantasies of vengeance to release from them? Your perception of the body can clearly be sick but project not this upon the body. For your wish to make destructive what cannot destroy can have no real effect at all. What God created is only what he would have it be being his will. You cannot make his will destructive. You can make fantasies in which your will conflicts with his but that is all. It is insane to use the body as a scapegoat for guilt directing its attack and blaming it for what you wished it to do. It is impossible to act out fantasies for it is still the fantasies you want and they have nothing to do with what the body does. It does not dream of them and they but make it a liability where it could be an asset.  How has this served you? You have identified with this thing you hate the instrument of vengeance and the perceived source of your guilt. You have done this to a thing that has no meaning proclaiming it to be the dwelling place of God's son and turning it against him. This is the host of God that you have made and neither God nor his most holy son can enter an abode that harbors hate and where you have sown the seeds of vengeance violence and death. This thing you made to serve your guilt stands between you and other minds. The minds are joined but you do not identify with them. You see yourself locked in a separate prison removed and unreachable incapable of reaching out as being reached. You hate this prison you have made and would destroy it but you would not escape from it leaving it unharmed without your guilt upon it. Yet only thus can you escape. The home of vengeance is not yours. The place you set aside to house your hate is not a prison but an illusion of yourself. The body is a limit imposed on the universal communication that is an internal property of mind but the communication is internal. Mind reaches to itself. It is not made up of different parts which reach each other. It does not go out. Within itself it has no limits and there is nothing outside it. It encompasses everything. It encompasses you entirely. You within it and it within you. There is nothing else anywhere or ever. The body is outside you but it seems to surround you shutting you off from others and keeping you apart from them and them apart from you. It is not there. There is no barrier between God and his Son nor can his Son be separated from himself except in illusions. This is not his reality though he believes it is. Yet this could only be if God were wrong. God would have had to create differently and to have separated himself from his Son to make this possible. He would have had to create different things and to establish different orders of reality only some of which were love. Yet love must forever be like itself, changeless forever and forever without alternative. And so it is. You cannot put a barrier around yourself because God placed none between himself and you. You can stretch out your hand and reach to heaven. You whose hand is joined with your brothers have begun to reach beyond the body but not outside yourself to reach your shared identity together. Could this be outside you where God is not? Is he a body and did he create you as he is not and where he cannot be? You are surrounded only by him. What limits can there be on you whom he encompasses? Everyone has experienced what he would call a sense of being transported beyond himself. This feeling of liberation far exceeds the dream of freedom sometimes hoped for in special relationships. It is a sense of actual escape from limitations. If you will consider what this transportation really entails you will realize that it is a sudden unawareness of the body and the joining of yourself and something else in which your mind enlarges to encompass it. It becomes part of you as you unite with it and both become whole as neither is perceived as separate. What really happens is that you have given up the illusion of a limited awareness and lost your fear of union. The love that instantly replaces it extends to what has freed you and unites with it. And while this last you are not uncertain of your identity and would not limited you have escaped from fear to peace asking no questions of reality but merely accepting it. You have accepted this instead of the body and have let yourself be one with something beyond it simply by not letting your mind be limited by it. This can occur regardless of the physical distance that seems to be between you and what you join. If your respective positions in space and of your differences in size and seeming quality time is not relevant. It can occur with something past present or anticipated thus something can be anything and anywhere a sound a sight a thought a memory and even a general idea without specific reference. Yet in every case you join it without reservation because you love it and would be with it. And so you rush to meet it setting letting your limits melt away suspending all the laws your body obeys and gently setting them aside. There is no violence at all in this escape. The body is not attacked but simply properly perceived. It does not limit you it merely because you would not have it so. You are not really lifted out of it. It cannot contain you. You go where you would be gaining not losing a sense of your Christ self in these instance of release from physical restrictions. You experience much of what happens in the holy instant the lifting of the barriers of time and space the sudden experience of peace and joy and above all the lack of awareness of the body and of the questioning whether or not all this is possible. It is possible because you wanted the sudden expansion of awareness that takes place with your desire for it. It is the irresistible appeal the holy instant holds. It calls you to be yourself within its safe embrace. There are the laws of limit lifted for you to welcome you to openness of mind and freedom. Come to this place of refuge where you can be yourself in peace not through destruction not through a breaking out but merely by a quiet melting in where peace will join you there simply because you have been willing to let go the limits you have placed upon love and joined it where it is and where it led you in answer to its gentle call to be at peace. Divine logic divine reasoning divine extension divine wisdom that's what we're beholding here divine wisdom and divine wisdom brings about an unawareness of the body if I'm going for my salvation the salvation of the world and my salvation comes from me then I have to be ready to transcend the body to to let go of my awareness of it and to expand my awareness and allow my awareness to be expanded to encompass everyone and everything all inclusive love again we say love is all inclusive there is no exclusiveness and love that's an ego game it doesn't exist well let's enjoy a beautiful song by my friend Alisa Amor from her album in every heartbeat and we're on the theme of salvation this holy instant has salvation come to remember that we all are one one more time let's remember it today let's remember it for everyone and everything my salvation comes from me my salvation comes from me the Christ the perfect creation of a perfect loving god my salvation comes from my true identity my salvation comes from the love that I am yeah yeah okay all right sweet ones sweet mystical christ be who you are now salvation yeah there it is that's the happiness and joy be who you are in truth god bless you bye


There's a saying, he who thinks he knows doesn't know, he who knows that he doesn't know knows. And this is important to say, and if you're curious where that comes from, that's from Joseph Campbell. How do you recommend you read everything that man has put out? He's single-handedly one of the reasons why I'm here today. And so what I want to talk about is the fact that there are two types of people in the world. There are people that make their own path, and there are people who follow the path. And 99% of the people in the world, they follow a path from a very early age.  And if you don't fit in this mold, in this box, you're considered an outsider. You're considered a weirdo, you're considered not normal, not part of society.      And the people that choose this path, they're struggling deep inside from emotional trauma, emotional pain. And they're depressed, they're angry, they're tired, and they're trying to figure out ways to escape this. And I know each and every single one of you, and myself included, we are in some shape or form always being bombarded by what society tells us is normal or what your culture tells you is normal or what your religion tells you is normal. And I'm here to tell you, if you want to live the life how you want to live it and how you recommend that you do is you got to carve out your own path. Don't listen to naysayers, as Arnold Schwarzenegger said. You need to figure out what are the fundamental things that you value the most in your life.  Jordan Peterson talks about this, claiming responsibility in your life.  And when you understand that everything is in your power, everything, anything that you want in your life you can achieve.  I'm talking about putting in the hard work. I'm talking about, hey, I want to build a business that's worth X. Put in the work. What's it going to take to get there? And if you fall down once, are you going to get up again? There's an analogy for fail, first attempt in learning, I love it. Failure is not a mistake. Failure is a teacher. It's a lesson for you to learn from. And the more times you fail and the faster iterations that you have with that failure, the more you learn, the more life experiences you have.  And so this is an exercise you can do right now. Take a piece of paper out right now and write down, what do you want to do in the next 90 days? Forget next year as people say, what do you want to do in the next 90 days? Do you want to get in shape? Do you want to make more money? Do you want to have a better relationship?  And all it takes is one step at a time. So if everyone's telling you to go right, go left. And then for example, if you want to make more money, ask yourself how can you add more value in other people's lives? And on that topic of money, most people, they're always looking how to make more money. And so one of the simplest things when taking responsibility for this, how to make money, ask yourself, how can you solve people's problems?  But once again, this reverts back to the original thing that I speak about is taking responsibility. You see, when people look at me, they see a successful person.  I never went to high school. I got kicked out of high school. I never went to college. I never went to university. I created my own path.  But I'm not, I'm here. Because I'm my own movie director.   So take responsibility for yourself, create your own path and become the movie director of your life. I know you guys probably have questions, so leave a comment below this video and I'll talk to you guys soon. Peace.


I'm Mohammed Reza, a third year PhD student, and I'm working in autonomous distributed system labs in Umiya University in Sweden, and in these days I'm mostly working on autonomic microservice management, and especially in traffic management policies. So, let's begin. As you know, the performance of microservices that we are working on these days depends on various factors such as complexity of each service that we have and the incoming workload and many other things that we are familiar with. Therefore, the management in such dynamic environment could be really complex. But the good news is that service measures are there to help us to handle this complexity in the fly. But let's look at an example. One of the amazing capabilities of service measures is traffic management policies, which enables us to have circuit breaker, reply patterns, and without the need to implement anything in our development process. So, let's see them in practice. I want to ask you how many of you are using service mesh in production? Nice. Great. And how many of you are using traffic management policies such as circuit breaking and reply mechanism in production? There's a difference that people are not really working with these things, and now we are going to discuss that. And yes, that was it. Okay, let me share my shocking experience that I've had during my research. There's a possibility to ruin the user experience by misconfiguring these two patterns, I mean the reply setting and circuit breaker pattern. And the worst case is that they can even cause some outages in your services. But they can also help us to maintain our SLAs. I would say that these patterns are to some extent like a double H sword. So, we have to be careful about them. But let's explore them in practice. I've done some experiments with these patterns, and I'm going to share them right now. For the experiments, I use the online boutique, which is a simple e-commerce app that you might be also familiar with. It's open source, implemented by Google. And I use the cart endpoint. And while it invokes a chain of three microservices, as you can see here, front end recommendation and product catalog. And in total, we need for a single and complete response, there's a need to have six requests during all of these three services. So, I deployed this online boutique to Covenants Cholesterol with its own installed. And I've manually identified three key parameters to highlight the worst case scenarios for both circuit breaker and reply setting. For circuit breaker, I use the HTTP to max request, which is the maximum number of requests to a backend service, or based on my experience and my understanding, it's like a queue size. But for simplicity, let's call that circuit breaker configuration for this talk. And for reply setting, I use attempts, which is the number of replies to be allowed for a given request. And also per timeout, which is the timeout per attempt for a given request, including the initial call. And any replies that we have. But based on my understanding, it's like an interval. So, we can call them interval, attempts, and circuit breaker configuration. Okay, now we reach to the main experiments that I've made for my talk. Consider that we've done everything. And with the Floyder app, and we are going to study where should we enforce our circuit breaker. In the first scenario, I enforce the circuit breaker in the first year in the front end service. And with 20 as the size of the queue, and then I generated 1.2 times of the maximum load that service can handle with a response time less than 100 milliseconds. But let's see what will happen to the services. In the first year, as you can see here, in the first year, there's about 200 requests per second, successful requests. And also there are about 60 or 70 circuit breaker requests. And the same throughput is also in the second year. But we had quadruple throughput for third year, because it depends on the architecture of our service. With keeping these values in mind, we are going to enforce on other tiers to see what will happen in practice. And also we have to see the response times. In this scenario, in this case, we are going to enforce the same circuit breaker configuration on the second tier. And you can see that there are about 260 requests per second, successful requests per second. The throughputs got higher. And also the same throughput for second tier. But there are some circuit broken requests in second tier, which are seems like fade requests from an outside client's perspective. And also the same thing happens for the third tier. And then for the next scenario, we are going to enforce the circuit breaker on the third tier. And we can see that we have about 220 requests per successful request and about 50 or 60 fade requests. And the same thing happens for circuit breaker requests, which are in the third tier. But our clients see them as fade requests. Now let's enforce this circuit breaker on all tiers. As you can see here in the first tier, we can see around 200, 210 successful requests per second. And some circuit breaker request is somehow similar to the situation that we enforce our circuit breaker in the first tier. But it was not all. Let's look at the response time. Here is the CDF chart of for all experiments that I've done. The response time for the successful request or now known as carry throughput are highlighted with a circle marker. And for all requests, including the failed ones are highlighted with triangle marker. As you can see, when we enforce the circuit breaker on first tier or on all tiers, you can see that here, the response time is below 100 millisecond mostly. And if we enforce the circuit breaker on third tier or second tier, we can see that the response time are higher. Or for second tier, it goes up to 500 milliseconds. It's huge. So that was one of the experiments. Let me check. Yes. But let's see what happens when the incoming traffic is changing, which is the actual environment that we have. But let's skip the chart presentation because it takes time and focus on what lesson we can learn from this case. For this case, the circuit breaker is enforced on the first tier with different generated traffic load, as you can see there, 80%, 100%, 120%. And what we can learn is that having higher incoming traffic can lead to more successful requests, and also circuit breaker, circuit breaker request, also having circuit breaker in the first tier could help us to have faster failure so that we could have better user experience in a way. And our system can maintain an acceptable response time. But one other case is to investigate the impact of circuit breaking values, I mean the size of the queue that we had. For this case, we enforce the circuit breaker with different values on first tier with an overloading traffic again. But what we can learn from this case is that there's a tradeoff between request rate and response time. I mean, if we have higher circuit breaker values, then the request rate increase while there will be higher response time and vice versa. Or we could say circuit breaker somehow protects latency at the expense of availability. And the final takeaway from this case is that the best value for circuit breaker for this app and this setup that we had is 20 for the queue size. Now it's time to see what happens if we have retry setting as well. In this case, the circuit breaker with different values and one retry attempt are enforced on the third tier with an overloading traffic again. And we didn't set any retry interval for this case to see the impact of this combination. Again, we can learn that the same observation as previous case that there's a tradeoff between request rate and response time when configuring the circuit breaker thing and when we configure lower circuit breaker or there are more freight requests in the downstream services, there will be more requests to be retried. But in general, the retry setting could increase the response time when tapping circuit breaker or there is any failure in between our services. And let's deep dive into the retry setting and see what happens if we change the number of attempts for our retries. But to somehow highlight the worst case scenario, we configured the really sensitive circuit breaker. We limited the size of the queue to one to have more circuit breaker requests. And what we can learn from this case is that the higher retry attempts can increase the throughput slightly but with higher response times. And now let's look at the intervals. What if we have different intervals between each retry? In this case, we can learn that high retry intervals does not really affect most response time and request rates. But having no intervals could cause a retry storm in between our services. But we have to keep in mind, we are using HTTP 2-max requests in Istio and we don't have any replication set or other things, just one single service. Okay. Let's see what happens if there are some spikes in the incoming traffic with different intervals, which is expectable in a live environment. What we can learn from this case is that a high retry interval again does not affect the response time and request rate, but too short retry intervals might cause a slightly higher number of circuit breaker requests, especially after spikes that we had. On the other hand, if the loaded spikes are larger, we could see more circuit breaker requests with higher response time or somehow we could call them short retry storms after loaded spikes. Okay. And as the final case, let's take a look at a case where we just changed the enforcement point of these two patterns that we have, repriser ting and circuit breaker. When we enforce the optimal circuit breaker on first tier or on all tiers, different enforcement point of retry setting plays no role because our clients, our traffic generator didn't support the retry setting, so it didn't retry. So it doesn't have any effect. But when we enforce the circuit breaker on second tier, we can see that there will be higher number of fade request and higher response time. If we enforce the retry setting on all tiers, we can see that the higher number of fade request. On the other hand, if we enforce the circuit breaker on third tier, with enforcing the retry setting on first tier or on all tiers, the highest number of fade request and highest response time is observed. So let's summarize what we learned and how should we configure retry setting and circuit breaker. How should we deal with such dynamic environments? So in general, we can say that finding the optimal configuration can be really tricky because our performance of our services are changing dynamically with the incoming traffic, with the CI-CD pipelines that we have. So we cannot say that this is the best configuration for all services. We have to tune every time. So maybe a controller for that. Also, based on these findings, we can conclude that if we want to have lower response time and highest possible throughput, it seems to be beneficial to enforce more sensitive circuit breaker in the earlier layers, maybe in the first layer as well, so that this could enable fast failure and better user experience. About retry. It is not really suggested to enforce high number of retry attempts, but it might cause retry storm if we have some sort of misconfigured circuit breaker or we didn't configure any retrying turbos. About retry intervals or better said, high retry intervals does not really play a huge role under throughput, but the short retry interval as we've seen could somehow increase the retry storm possibilities in those situations. One of the benefits of retry setting is that if we don't have a well tuned circuit breaker in our system, retry setting, I mean both retry interval and retry attempts could somehow increase the throughput during overload, but with a little bit higher response time. And finally, the most important point about these two settings is that they could be really good choices if we have transient failures or transient overloads. If we have for larger per-use overloads, then we have to think about other scenarios such as scaling or other things. So that was all and that was my research somehow. Thank you. Does anyone have any questions for Mohamed? We are actually ahead of schedule, so it would be really great if you have any questions. So we have one gentleman have a question. Actually, it's easier. So when you have a question, walk up to the middle, there's a microphone there. So you can ask your question there. Thank you. Hello. Have you done any research into tuning retry jitter, not just the interval? No, I didn't do that, but I'm trying to do it in my next phases. Thank you. Thank you. Okay. Any other questions? Okay. I'm not seeing any. Let me know if I miss anybody. If not, thank you again. Thank you. Mohamed. Thank you.


kwaumGO really carving that. you never missed bein on stage because you were good at it, do you ever do that? the day I was on stage yesterday I was on stage you know what yan ikuambie kuna wale politicians wu ches ah golf misti zangi golf So ah mimi mpasyuniangu niyusani na shere any time I get an opportunity whetha it's for the party whetha it's for the president whetha it's for a governor I'm always here to just remind myself how I do it on the stage Make sure ni tanyu inu nipate kwa stage ki sa intou noju Kumdanya ni center spy Masoon ni maharmoni Solt PRO And BAZE SBM BBOT Umenrudisha kitambu ya ni 2-5-4 na teimen tu kipigamboka Tu kihasol Yo, yo, yo, but you did your thing man Ali kwa na piga kazi, ali kwa committed Ali kwa ga on time, ali kwa ga reliable Onasai benyame omoka maziya Ati saim na muna kwa televisioni Mungu ni muema? Ni muema kabita I always tell people, I learned a lot from you because it was more or less like my foundation getting into the industry baby So thank you, I'll give you flowers today Flowers, maganji I went to see the MCA, baby But now we are here today because of Nairobi festival That is the battle of choirs What is your role here? Yo, first of all most I'm an MCA for Woodleak in Natagofko's ward So I'm part of the Nairobi city county government No, the Nairobi city county government has two arms The assembly and the executive So we are the assembly part So the assembly our focus is oversight Our focus is legislation And representation We have 85 words in Nairobi And I'm happy to be representing Woodleak Which is a domiciled in Kibra Apart from this, I'm part of the culture committee I'm a member of this committee And culture is all about music, arts The culture of Nairobi And if you remember when the governor was Putting together the Nairobi festival in December last year He wanted people to feel the vibe of Nairobi So the vibe of Nairobi is what we presented to you guys in December It was eight days of Phenomenal entertainment For this one Our governor is also very passionate about the church In fact, our entire leadership as UDA Is all about the church He started in church in Nairobi Baptist I started as a gospel artist in Nairobi Baptist So when we are in power It's time to give back And go back to our roots Pali to Lianziya Kamanim Ziki, last year we put our people on And they performed And in fact, the person who won the 200k Last year was from Kibra That's my constituency This time the governor has taken it A notch higher The cash prize is 3.5 million bob Distributed three ways There's 2 million bob for prize number one First one is up Is taking away a million shillings Second one is up Number three is taking 500k So there's money up for grabs In fact for me TALANTA IN ALIPA And my hasuyaku initiative Has always been about connecting young people Talented young people Gifted young people to opportunities I don't think there's a bigger opportunity than Two million shillings One million shillings and 500k The same happened to me when I won a kora award In what? 2004? I can't even remember It's a long time ago And I won at the time $5,000 It's a game changer So I understand what prize money can mean For a group or for an artist If it is plowed back into the industry With my prize money back in the day I did an album I did music videos I bought a car I went hard yo Right now I just want to encourage those That are going to take home this money Use that money well Improve your craft So he'll continue doing this And each and every year So the Nairobi Festival is happening annually And I know that the battle of the choise Is something that is going to keep on happening Each and every year So I'm happy about this opportunity I just want to congratulate every person Who has participated whether they are going to win or not That doesn't matter Making it to the shortlist Is a big thing in itself And Sisi Kamawani We're going to keep on supporting talent We're going to keep on supporting the craft And we're going to keep on supporting young people We're going to keep on supporting talent in general Whether it's women, it's youth Because if you see the representation today There's everybody Kuna mama, kuna waze, kuna vijana And I didn't even know That choise kuna mayut Nimes tuka kuna wasame Dunga ma air force once Kamazangu ebu cheki Ebu cheki so ma air force yo Yo on the light no Now Devi you know We have parents who don't really appreciate art For you especially You started when you were quite young into music I mean your parents were supportive of you But those parents were like na Music and no, ai li pi ai wezi What were your thoughts about that? I think even for me when I was starting out It was like Im ziki I think the biggest fear is that When a child gets into talent Talent can be music, art Can be fashion, can be sports Whatever it is Apparance wame toka kwele Background ia kusoma That success ni degree Success ni weni ingenia Success ni weni daktari Wakili But you know what? We are making more money as entertainers today Than even those people with the degrees Do you know that? Because art is charging a lot of money When I was exiting from the game My rate card was about 300k per gig Today I believe it is higher Or I would hope to hear that it is higher That when you set bahi If you want to a rodishi bachi So to the entertainers I know that the money is available That all the brands you can see here Have money to spend on attainment So I think you need to know There is no budget There is no budget There is no budget There is no budget So I think we should start from south to south Because we are in Mitambili We are in Nashinski Nashinski Nashinski south to south That means That even as a county government We are doing more I had a conversation with the PS In church of sports When I was telling him with talent You have to step it up And we have to take it to machina We have to take it to machina We have to take it to machina We have to take it to machina We have to take it to machina Do you ever miss being on stage Because you are good at it Do you ever do that? Yesterday I was on stage You know what I mean There are politicians Who are golfers I am passionate about Niosani and Shere So anytime I get an opportunity Whether it's for the party Whether it's for the president Here to just remind myself How to do it on the stage On the MRC Non-sensitized today Uta ni patapale Now make sure you put it on the stage Ni kia kisha wato anaji enjoy Jukundani su na jwani serious Wato anainba mahamuni Suprano alto tena and Bez Oh dream ziki Batu kwenji Susandio vijana Umbao You know, they are not very interested In sitting down The whole five hours Of the whole six hours You can get an opportunity to jump And so it's fun for the entire family For young kids Yes, I remember Some kiddos very good in dancing To compare ganji Leopia yuliat an impresa Nanda nama mongese apake Iwondo tunasapotu wa totoetu Na vijana wetu wanae robi Nazima Last question, Denji, as they let you go Now that you're in politics I always like to ask politicians this They say politics is a dirty game Do you believe that? Your politics I'd say It's not for the faint hearted Because politics is rough It's extremely rough Politics is intense It's not an easy career But I'd say that Politics should never change Who you are Me have not changed I'm the same person That I've always been Kamani ku pendamziki Mi na pendamziki Wether mi ni MCA Mami mi CMA Mi na sapotu vijana Wether mi ni MCA Mami CMA So politics hasn't changed me Politics has given me a platform To empower even many more people You know what I mean And that's what politics should be Because leadership is an opportunity An opportunity to serve An opportunity to do right by people An opportunity to tap into resources The amount of resources we've mobilized As Nairobi county government In this seven months is phenomenal You can imagine Basari was 600 per year Now the governor has tripled that We're working towards Basari disbustment each and every time 600 500 per year We've unlocked that In the first three months of office Apart from that You see in the kind of talent development activities We have And apart from this annual ones We now want to see Them go to each and every ward In Nairobi Atakama ni tu dogo tu dogo Kwa kahaul Ama kwa kitend Ama kwa kifild Mumeni pata Wata ma DJ Wai u ward Wasani wai u ward Memsi wai u ward Madansawa wai u ward Makrobatsu wai u ward Aganji That's what we're doing for sports For talent Or arts For sports we are redeveloping Our stadiums Woodley stadium is one of those It's a huge project That's commencing in July God willing And That is to give our young people A chance And a head start in life So for me politics Is the opportunity that I've been Looking for To take my community To the next level Hallelujah Hallelujah God big shout out to everybody From Woodley I appreciate you Thank you so much for the support There is so much in store That I cannot even keep talking On this microphone Because to Tachikua'i Band with yacht Yeah And thank you to SPM bars For supporting the industry Keep it coming I would like to see you profile More artists Kwamta Do you commit? We do 100% Sokaribu kibla Asante We're gonna come through We'll come in You're welcome Thank you so much for talking to us Alright guys That was SCA Woodley Of course And he is right here on SPM bars Talking about the choir The battle of the choirs Right here at the Nairobi festival Thank you so much for watching SPM bars


Income tax 2022-2023. Income tax formula example using tax forms and tax software. Let's do some wealth preservation with tax preparation. Here we are in our example form 1040. We're currently using LASERT tax software. You don't need tax software to follow along but if you have access to it it's a great tool to run different scenarios with. You can also get access to the form 1040 related forms and schedules at the IRS website irs.gov irs.gov so we're going to start with our standard scenario with the single-filer. We've got the name up top Mr. Anderson and the address up top and we're going to be focusing down mainly on the income equation components down below comparing and contrasting it to what we saw with the formula. So recall the tools that we have in order to do tax law and tax preparation. We've got the formula format. We've got the actual tax forms themselves and the software. So we use the formulas over here in order to help us to visualize. This is what you probably have kind of more in your head when you're trying to visualize what's going to support accounting instruction by clicking the link below giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course each course then organized in a logical reasonable fashion making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems PDF files and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it happen as you do data input into the system or contemplate the different scenarios when you're discussing something with a client. And then of course we're often going to use the tax software in practice to do the actual data input. So we'll do the data input not manually inputting it into the forms and reading each line item of the forms oftentimes but rather doing the data input in the tax software jumping to the forms and seeing if the forms are then populating in a way that we visualized would be populated possibly using tax software to jump to like a summary form which gives us a quick view of that kind of quick view of the formula type of format actually within the software. So we're going to we also want to think about when we might use the software versus a formula obviously when you're conceptualizing something then you're going to conceptualize something in formula format in your mind. I also use a tax formula format in Excel to kind of recalculate items separately from the tax software to help justify or verify the data input that has gone into the tax software. So in other words if I do the tax software then the software helps me to do the calculations but if I then enter the data again from the source documents into Excel it often helps me to better understand what's happening so I can communicate it to a client and it helps me to double check the information because it's quite easy to have a miskey with taxation and it's more difficult to have a miskey or you have more internal controls with bookkeeping due to the double entry accounting system. This is something when I learned taxes coming from an accounting world was frustrating to me because the whole reason I kind of liked the accounting system is that you have the double entry accounting system helping you with that double check. You don't have that kind of thing and therefore you have to input your own kind of internal controls to make sure that you're getting things right when you do the data input into the tax return. The tax formula helps in that as well. So we will actually build this worksheet in future presentations. I think that's also a great exercise to better understand the structure of this and also to try to build something that you can use in alignment with your data input practice as well when you're actually doing tax preparation but let's just get a feel for each line here. So we've got the income, the adjustments to income, there's our AGI then we take the greater of the itemized or standard deductions and then I'll get into a qualified business income kind of muddies the water. We'll talk about that later a bit and then we've got the taxable income and then the rate is applied and this is going to be the tax calculation and then we've got a tax credits, other taxes, the total tax and then the payments and refundable credits. So notice when I construct this Excel formula, we'll actually use these one line item items and then we'll put everything else on another schedule, which is I would think the ideal way to create the tax return if it was created from scratch today, it hasn't been they've been hodgepodge in the tax return together since it's been in inception, right? That's why it's kind of messy. Okay, so if I go back on over here, there's going to be an impact up top whether the filing status is single, married filing joint, married filing separate. And so we'll talk about that impact a bit as we get down below but it's going to have an impact on the standard deduction and the tax calculations that will be put in place. We've got the name and the address of course being important. We've got then down here the main thing being the dependence. So dependence are going to have an impact possibly on child tax credit, other dependent credits and so on as well could have an impact on the tax brackets depending on if you're head of household versus single. We'll talk more about that in future presentations. The income line item in our tax formula over here. We just put as one line item. Notice in the tax return, they've got this whole first page dedicated to income. So and they have other other schedules as well over here that will look into a schedule one additional income adjustments and income. Again, if you built this from scratch, you would think they would put everything on schedule one and just have like one line maybe on the form 1040 to make it more like a streamlined system as you might build in like an Excel thing. But they didn't do that because in the past, they wanted to have as few forms as possible. Multiple forms aren't as much of a problem these days because it's only done online. So that's you know, that's just what happens. So the form W2 is oftentimes going to be the type of form that will be populated in many tax returns. I would put that in a different schedule over here on our formula. Here's the W2 form that's feeding into this first page, the 100,000. Now we have a whole bunch of other kinds of income that we could have tip income, Medicare, taxable dependent care employer provided adoption, wages, tax exempt interest interest dividends and so on. So obviously, a whole lot of different things feed into the income line. And we also could have things like business income, say on a schedule C, for example, and we can see that the schedule one here also has additional income lines and these then feed into the form 1040. So we'll dive more into that in future presentations and we'll build our Excel sheet to mirror that we finally get down to the total income down below. And then we got the adjustments to income. So these are kind of like the above the line deductions. Now you might not have any of those. Let's take a simple scenario and say that we don't that would then give us to the adjusted gross income of the 100,000. This being the line item that's going to be useful for us to calculate the phase outs on things like credits. So that's a very important number. You got the standard deduction or itemized deduction. So the standard deduction is populated over here with the general rules. So 12,950 for single basically doubled for married file enjoyed head of household in the middle. So we started here with the 12,950 populating automatically. That's not something we entered in the data. It's pulling that from mainly the filing status that we chose up here as the single filer. So that's going to be that and then if the itemized deductions were greater than that, then we would be itemizing that's usually higher income tax returns where that is the case. This qualified business income deduction was put in place a few years ago. It's a it's a kind of a really messy type of thing and we'll dive into that a little bit more when we get into the to the to the sole proprietors and self employment income and that kind of stuff. And then we've got the subtotal of the 12,950 and then we finally get to the taxable income of the 8750. So if I look at that in formula format, this 12,950 I'm pulling in from my worksheet down here by pulling it from the table that I put for standard married head of household and then some other adjustments in some cases that we'll talk more about later and that'll give us the taxable income so I can kind of recalculate it in my excel formula and then this average tax notice I'm looking at the average tax I'm not actually calculating it here because remember it's a progressive tax system. I would have to look up the tax on the tax tables in order to calculate the tax manually and it'll even get more complex than that if I have different kind of things involved such as dividend income possibly being taxed at a different rate capital gains income possibly being taxed at a different rate and so on. Therefore, I'm often going to be dependent on the tax software to then populate into my worksheet. So I'm going to say page two. I'm going to let the system do the calculations. I double check. I double verify that I recalculate this number eighty seven fifty and then I let the system calculate the fourteen seven seven four for the most part and then type that into here. So if I type in the one four seven seven four I can back into the average tax which would simply be that divided by the taxable income. So that's seventeen. I would expect to be on my tax summary where we have the average or effective tax at the seventeen. Same thing. Marginal tax bracket is the highest tax bracket right. So that's going to be on something I can kind of recalculate and then I can also on my sheet I can basically read data input the bottom half of the equation which is going to have to deal with the credits the other taxes and the payments that we're making. So we're not at the end of the day here. We've got we've got amounts from schedule two and three and we're going to add those up. We've got the child credit and then adding the amounts from schedule three and line eight. So these are the schedules on the left. We'll dive into those in more detail and finally you'll get down to the total tax and then you have the payments. So that usually includes mainly the federal income tax withheld and then finally you're going to get to the amounts you owe. So if I didn't have any any other stuff going on down here the amount would be the same except they added five thirty three of penalties because I was underpaid.  So we can kind of double check it that way. Now just to give us a little bit of variation on this if I adjusted some other stuff up top let's say I had interest income let's just add another income line item I'd say okay boom let's say that we have interest income of from the bank and bank one and it was it was seven thousand of interest income. Okay so I'm going to pull that over that would pull in then to this page on line one you possibly could have a schedule B if it's over a certain threshold but it's pulling over to the first page of the 1040 as well. I can mirror that on my formula I'm not going to put it on the face of the formula I'm going to have another schedule that feeds into it right so that I can have this first page just as a formula and I'm going to say let's go to the income line and just say that I have somewhere in the this is W2 income I have a schedule B here which I said what did I say 700 uh seven I said seven thousand seven thousand a lot of interest. So that then would pull into the first page now it's included in that 107 and I can match that over I can say okay does the 107 match here 107 ties out and then my 12 that ties out my 12950 has still tied out so that looks good that gets me to the to the 9450 so I could say okay yeah that looks right and then I'd have to recalculate the tax because I'm not going to do the tax calculation I'm going to let the system do that that's at the 16414 so I could say okay 16414 and that gives us to the 1750 average so I can say does that match the average tax 17.5 looks right and then the second half we go into the second half right and so then I can also if I so obviously the income line items can get quite complicated if I had an adjustment to the above adjustments to income the above the line that's in schedule one which is right here and so one of the big ones in here is often going to be the IRA payments so let's and I can actually jump from here to the data input form so let's look for the IRA actually this is the income I want line two I want line two or page two and then I'm going to go into the irid deduction which is line 20 and then you could oftentimes in software right click and jump to the data input and then I'll say I'll say it's the maximum so I'm just going to put a one there for the maximum and that'll put the max of 6000 now this form then is going to feed into the 1040 that looks a lot like how you might might put together an excel worksheet now that makes kind of sense right if you were to mirror that in excel I would say another schedule which is going to be deductions adjustments to income and then we've got an IRA which I put 6000 in an IRA this number then is going to feed into the first page here and that's going to give us then our 6000 adjustment to the 101 so now here I've adjusted this 101 that looks correct I still have the 12950 that's the same which changes this number to 8850 that looks correct 8850 my tax is now going to have changed from 16414 to whatever they calculate on page two 1414994 was it 14994 and then I could check my average taxes at 17 percent again and I can kind of double check that so if I go back on up and say okay that's there could be multiple line items in there that I can adjust for that gets us to our adjusted gross income then we have the standard or itemized deductions now if we switch to a married filer then I've switched over here to filing a joint so now I've got the same 100 000 but my standard deduction has now basically doubled I can mirror that on my software by saying this number I'm going to pull it from down here it's a 25 9 and so that should then populate there and so now we're at this 75 100 so so that gets us to the 75 100 the 29 there and then my tax of course would change again so I can say my tax is now at 8604 so 8604 on the tax 11.5 percent on the average rate so there is that so if I go back to the first page and so we'll get into this one later and that kind of verifies the tax now on page two then we could have a whole bunch of other credits and whatnot that will dive into in future presentations and we'll talk about when it might be useful to recalculate those credits in our formula and when it might be useful to depend to some degree on the software possibly to help you out with the credits because things like an earned income tax credit is quite complicated to recalculate without software so the question is how much recalculating how much double checking do I want to do to verify the data entry is correct and if the software is populating correctly and so that I can actually explain what is happening to like a client and not saying it was just magic that's what the tax that's what the software did right and so then but we would also have the withholdings typically so let's say I jump to the withholdings area and say oftentimes the withholdings let's say we're you know 15 000 on the withholding so I'm going to jump back on over so that's going to be on page two so there's the withholdings so if I jump back on over to my formula and if I was to populate the withholdings I would have another another area for payments which I'm going to say the withholdings I said 15 000 are going to pull into page one of our formula so there's the 15 and so I'm left with a refund of the six three nine six and if I populate that that should match what I have here six three nine six so you can see how these two things kind of work in tandem some people might not use an excel worksheet but they'll but they'll use this tax formula a lot instead of jumping to the actual tax form on the form 1040 to summarize when they're jumping back and forth but I think visualizing it and double and entering it again into excel is really a great exercise to kind of understand what's going on and to use in practice as like a double verification so that's what I would do to kind of help you with that data input problem and you might if you're working in a staff situation have say the staff enter this stuff into the tax return and then you double check it and you know someone could it could be part of a review process to put it into like an excel formula kind of to give you a better double check on on the data input or something like that or have them do it you can come up with what different systems for it but we will build an excel worksheet like this and then we'll kind of adjust it as we do data input in our practice problems moving forward


It's rare that I will come across a game that leaves me breathless. Staggered, silent in the face of the skill and art history on display. Spiritfarer is one such title, both beautiful to look at and incredibly comforting to play. It has charming spades oozing out of every minigame and activity, pouring from every character. A little background first. I have eagerly awaited the release of Spiritfarer over the last few months and when I saw it was on Xbox Game Pass for PC, I was overjoyed. I've played one of developer tender lotuses previous games, Yotun, which incidentally was among the very first short form video essays I did when I decided I wanted to examine games through a more critical perspective several years back. After spending a few hours on Spiritfarer, over the last few days I am in a word odd. The animation is staggeringly beautiful, the music touches on your heartstrings and gameplay is an absolute joy to experience, even if this isn't the kind of game you could play for five hours straight. And the characters I have little doubt that are protagonist stellar will be remembered. It is one of the most charming protagonists in gaming for many years to come. As for Daffodil, her cat, he might in fact be the most delightful kitten I've seen yet. And in our cat-centric society, that's saying something. I want you to look at the animations on screen, see how much they tell you about Daffodil, about what he's like. This game is a phenomenal case of show, don't tell, that all-important adage for writers and artists of all creeds. Other game developers should take note. The coolest character I've come across so far might be Gwen, a stylish deerspirit who has a deep connection to stellar. Seems to be her best friend from childhood in the previous life, and is with stellar from nearly the very onset of the game. Her personality is so well presented through animation, as well as of course the dialogue, which is always good fun. Spirit Farrell is all about taking care of others, of making their passing into the afterlife a pleasant affair, of helping them move on. And I suspect I am only scratching the surface of the sorts of minigame-like activities available inside the game. The last thing I did before taking a short pause to make this video was mining an ore that had grown all over the body of a great sea serpent, turning it feral. That looked and sounded pretty damn amazing. This game is my happy place right now. It brings me comfort, and at the core of it lies this concept of coziness, which is something we can all use a little more of, especially in 2020. Just take a look at all these hugs, and tell me you don't feel your heart swelling in extra few sizes.  Spirit Farrell taps into the sorts of energy that very few games manage to, embracing a snug feeling that folds over you like a weighed blanket. Some of it is because this title is much more successful at creating characters you care about and want to take care of than, for example, something like Animal Crossing. And though there might be little comparison there at first glance, I would make the argument that this is an innovative spin on the social simulator genre, which large corporations such as Nintendo could learn plenty from. Namely, a lot of heart is at display, and the tools necessary to accomplish resource gathering tasks in ways that do not come across as artificially extending playtime ad nauseam. What Spirit Farrell tells is a beautiful story about the girl tasked with the great responsibility and the kindness with which she takes to it. These first few hours are a remarkable opening to what has every promise of being one of the most wonderful gaming experiences of the year. I'm eager to continue playing it. Thanks for watching. If you enjoyed this video, please like, share it, subscribe to my channel. Let me know in the comments. Are you planning on playing Spirit Farrell? Did I manage to convince you? I should hope so. It's really something special. See you next time. Bye!


Russian President Vladimir Putin visited the headquarters of the Sazum Military District in Rostov-on-Don on Saturday, December 31 to pass on his good wishes for the new year. Putin, who launched the invasion of Ukraine on February 24, presented an award to General Silgeyserov-Vikin, head of the military operation in Ukraine. Before his visit, the Russian president said his country would never give in to the West's attempt to use Ukraine as a tool to destroy Russia in a New Year's video message broadcast on Russian state TV. Putin said Russia was fighting in Ukraine to protect its motherland and to secure true independence for its people in a message film in front of the Russian service personnel.