How are you today? Pretty good. It's my first meeting in the morning. I'm really glad to have you here and also talk to you through the internet. In the morning? Not at all. I mean, it's 10 a.m. so not too bad. The most democratic country in the world, I mean, in East Asia, it meant that 11 in the world according to the economists, the annual democracy index 2020, and it was quite impressive how other civil liberties have been vexed by a global due to the pandemic, but Taiwan has managed to make a big event. So we're curious to know how Taiwan has managed and how you as the Minister has managed to bring such a big event in the country. Yeah, the key is to trust the citizens. Instead of innovating for the people, we're innovating with the people. So, for example, in Taiwan, when we rationale the mask and when we do the contact tracing, when we distribute the vaccines in Taiwan, all those different technologies were co-invented. Many civic technologists in the social sector came up with very good idea, like visualizing the mass supplies, like using a SMS instead of an app for contact tracing in Taiwan. So we call this reverse procurement, where the specification, the idea, the norms are created by the people and the stages implements it. In that Korea benchmark, some of the strategies that Taiwan took during the COVID and how you have managed to bring about the applications from the real-time stocks of the mask and other issues. Is there any other strategy that Taiwan benchmarked up Korea? Well, I think we certainly learned both ways. I've talked to the teenage civic technologist in Seoul, I believe, who implemented the mask rationing alongside the Taiwan team. So that was really good. And I also learned that Korea, very early on, had this idea of a vaccine availability map where people can register for the kind of leftover residual vaccines, as well as offering real-time booking updated information for everyone, or at least in the metropolitan areas. And that's also something that we learned later on around July last year. In fact, due to the Omicron variant, it has been making a big difference. A lot of local media outlets have been comparing how South Korea and Taiwan have been handling. But in fact, it has diverged in a different direction that we now have a lot of confirmed cases while Taiwan is still managing quite well realistically. So what do you think what's the difference between South Korea and Taiwan? Well, so I wouldn't speak so soon, right? It is true that we're still at yesterday was 15 local confirmed Omicron cases. But Omicron has a way to grow exponentially. So while we can say so far, it's probably thanks to the very quick contact tracing that led us to follow very closely the speed of the virus. It may or may not continue to hold this way. So I wouldn't say that we have diverged. And I wouldn't say we're post-pandemic with postpone the pandemic a little bit. It's interesting to see how you bring the reverse procurement, how you invite the civic participation. And I noticed that there's several different platforms like Zero, showing different information from the government. And also you also have the platform called JOIN. If you don't mind, could you briefly introduce what this platform is and how you invite the social discussion and participation? Certainly. So JOIN is a public infrastructure maintained by the government that is a one-stop shop for e-petition, for participatory budgeting, for the regulatory pre-announcements and many other participatory forums. Because it's managed by the government, it enjoys very high accessibility. I think more than 30 million visits, which in Taiwan with 23 million is a lot. And so people generally trust that if they reach 5,000 signatures, for example, for the petitions, then a minister will come out and respond point by point. If it's interagency, twice a month, my office hosts interagency meetings that also meets with the members of the public that to co-create solutions to the issues raised by the petitioner and so on. So it's public infrastructure. Now GOV0 or G0V is civic infrastructure maintained by the social sector. So just like JOIN, the GOV, the TW is a website maintained by the government. JOIN, the G0V, the TW is maintained by the social sector. So just changing O to a zero in the digital services. And you get into kind of the shadow governments that's maintained with open source, free software principles, and they fork, that is to say, make alternate versions of government digital service. We talk about mask visualization, contact tracing and so on, and offer it for free so that the state can also amplify that through reverse procurement. So GOV0 is a little bit more like research, and JOIN is a little bit more like development. So you mentioned about how people can collect the signatures in order to make the park into real life. Actually, in South Korea, we do have some similar platform where people can write their petition regarding social issues, but they need to collect more than 200,000 signatures within 30 days. So we have not managed to bring about a more sustainable plan or make it into a real policy that will actually satisfy a lot of people. So what's the least difference? What are the key factors that's really vital in order to make these policies or proposals from the public to be implemented in real life? So just to ask a clarifying question, if someone raises a successful petition in 30 days, do they get to meet with the officers from the agencies or the minister? So the government has to respond but not face-to-face? Yeah, not face-to-face. Sometimes it could be, one example was about the vaccine mandatory task. Oh, we had that too. We had that too. I think it's the issue that's happening in Taiwan as well. So it was the head of the CDC, the Secretary of the CDC, answered the question. So we get the response, but we don't really get like a real policy implemented in the same way. I see. I think an innovation that we took very early on since 2016 is a team of participation officers, that is to say people charged with engaging the public in each ministry. And so in 2017, for example, when there was a petition about the hostile experience of tax filing and of quotes, it's facilitated by the POs, the participation officers of different ministries. That is to say, the breakout groups were facilitated, for example, for tax issues, maybe facilitated by the Coastal Guard. But when we talk about the ocean affairs opening up the ocean, maybe it's facilitated by the finance or tax agency participation officers in the breakout group. And the reason why is that the Coastal Guard also files income tax themselves. And the tax agency person maybe also serves or also fishes amateur. So the idea is that those POs take on the side of citizens, listen to the citizens and advocating for them with their public service, public administration training. And so bridges mediate us, such as the POs, I believe is very important because if it's an interagency issue, there's probably room for innovation with the public. But we really need to work on a either face to face or very closely designed online participation forum in order to figure out where the innovation should be. Very interesting how people take different roles and try to understand. I guess the key here is the listening to the other person's petition, I also working across silos, I think that's that's that's the point. Yeah, because the Coastal Guard is not in charge of tax policy. So when they facilitate a conversation about tax, they take the citizen side. I think that is the main difference. When you became the Minister of the Youngness at the age of 35, how challenging was it while you're working with the other members of the Cabinet who must be much older than you? Not at all, because I was a reverse mentor to the previous Cabinet since 2014 when I was 33 years out. I worked for a couple years with then Minister Jacqueline Tsai in her office. And actually it's the same physical office as my office now. So in many senses, I'm just promoted to full time from interns, so to speak. And I don't think age is the difference here. I think the main difference is the experience on teleworking, the experience on crowdfunding and crowdsourcing and so on. I'm very happy to report that regardless of age, many people in Taiwan's Cabinet did have a entrepreneurship background or a science and technology background that allowed them to engage the public in a very open manner. So I guess you also have now your own reverse mentor? That's right. Young people who guide me. Yes, I'm old now. I'm 40 now. Right. So how does it really work when you have certain issues today? Like they have certain inputs? How does this mentorship work? Sure. Yeah. So formally, since 2016, they are advisors to the Cabinet in the Youth Advisor Council. So the 35, I think, counselors, almost all of them younger than 35, form kind of the backbone of the reverse mentoring system. Of course, there's also younger mentors in the ministries level, in the agency levels, in the local governments level and so on. So our youth advisors, they can, for example, host a meeting in any locality. And through me, they get to call the responsible authorities to the same table to listen to the young people. But again, this is not just to provide answers, but to co-create over a course of an entire afternoon or so on the issues that needs innovations. So all this is to amplify their ideas into national level in like just 24 hours or a couple of weeks and so on. So if we see a new way of working together on a smaller locality, we can't adopt it on a national scale in a very quick fashion. So mostly, it's just commissioning meetings, meeting with the Premier on our, by annual, sorry, have a year, every half a year meetings, and also meeting the ministers as well as the agencies to provide new directions, usually right before the budget allocation cycle, so that it could be written into the New Year's directions. Going through the history, and then I tell that you were actually involved with the 2014 Sunflower Movement. And I guess this has been the turning point for their more used participation. And even the economists highlighted that there's more younger generations while participating in social issues and politics. So since you've become the digital minister, has there been more number of young politicians and also more used participation? Yes, definitely. We've seen many people who are interested in civics and politics from a very early age. And indeed, at this very moment, constitutionally, we're talking about changing the voting age, right, to 18 years old. Previously, it was 20 in our constitution. But even as we're having this discussion, many people younger than 18 are already, I would say, dominate by providing a significant fraction of the joint platform petitions. Some of the most popular petitions were by people who just turned 17, for example, the one about banning plastic straws in bubble tea takeouts with this sea turtle choked by straws. The picture, which went viral, is a meme. It gathered 5,000 signatures in a very short time. And when I ask Wang Xuanru, the petitioner, why should she provide such a very interesting petition in her school time? And she said it's our civics class assignment, right? The teacher just assigned raising a petition as a civics class assignment. And I think it's really great that Commissioner Wang now is part of our national action plan steering committee for open government, even though she's just 19 at the moment. So I think in Korea as well as in Taiwan, we have this seniority culture, but we can't flip this around if a person that is not yet 20 years old nevertheless holds the cabinet advisor or a steering committee commissioner title. Then we also yield to that title, and they can participate in much more peer-to-peer fashion. It's interesting, actually, because I also read the interment, we, as South Koreans, in the legacy of the Confucianism, we have to respect the elder, and we always have to listen to them. But because of that, there's clash between the generation. And it's very difficult to converge or reach a consensus between different generations. And now we will be heading into presidential elections in a long time. And the casting borders are, in fact, those young generation in 20s and 30s. And there has been a lot of focus on those young generations, how we can reach out to them, and how we can promote more youth participation and how they can be more involved in a political inclusion issue. So what kind of advice would you give to South Korea? Well, learn from the citizens. And basically, the idea of reverse mentorship means that younger people as mentors are your teachers. A key pillar of Confucianism is to respect heaven, the royalty, the parents, and the teachers. So the younger people are our teachers, and they can, too, be one of the peers in the pillars of the culture. I guess, as you were growing up, I bet there was certain times when you had to make certain protests or clash between your parents or your grandparents. I read your book, and it was quite interesting to see how you managed. And also the schooling is different to the norms. So what were the major challenges, and how do you hope to implement what you have learned to your country and also to other world? Yeah. So the main challenge at a time when I dropped out of middle school when I was 15 years old was that it was illegal. That was the main challenge. It's mandatory education. But it's overking thanks to the head of the school who read my correspondence with international researchers and said, okay, tomorrow you don't have to go to my school anymore. She said, and helped me to convince my parents and so on that it's much better if I can start, first, my research and the entrepreneurship careers earlier than the most. But later on, of course, we've written that into the experimental education acts of Taiwan. And also because I also participated in the basic education curriculum to take some of the lessons that we've learned about autonomy, about interaction based on common good principles into our basic education so that if I'm entering the middle school again, I now have much more room within the institution. So I don't have to break the law. Actually, the alternative experimental education is part of the institution now with up to 10% of students enjoying this more research, right, breaking out of curriculum, but feeding back what work and didn't to the basic education within the curriculum. So I would say that Taiwan is well on our way into reforming toward the kind of education of autonomous learning that I have enjoyed myself since I quit middle school. And around the world, I think people are also seeing because of pandemic and shared emergencies that we are now having a global neighborhood where people are feeling closer across time zones to people experiencing similar experiences as compared to people living in the same schools or in the same community. So I think a lot of those communities are being formed around pandemic related issues across the internet and that will probably continue as we take on climate action and many other planetary challenges. If you are to some of maybe just three factors, that would be the key to the successful digital democracy, including all people and also the minority, what would they be? It's pinned, I think, on my Twitter. It's my job description. And distilled to three, I think it's fast, fair and fun. And these three are not fungible. So all the innovations need to be at once fast, fair and fun. Instead of saying we're chasing the speed of technology in an unfair fashion to leave someone behind, or if we want to make a campaign that goes viral, lots of fun. But again, it doesn't address any quality, they would not work. It needs to be incremental Pareto improvements so that it's at least a little bit more fun, a little bit more fair and a little bit faster compared to the business as usual. Well, thank you so much Minister Tan for your time. Thank you. Thank you. It's a great interview. Live long and prosper.


Live from Miami Beach, Florida. Extracting the signal from the noise. It's The Cube. Covering .NEXT conference. Brought to you by Nutanix. Now your host, Dave Vellante and Stu Miniman. This is The Cube. We're here at Nutanix, next to the conference. Don Foster is here as the Senior Director of Product Management at Commvault in the office of the CTO. Don, welcome back to The Cube. Good to see you. Thank you, Dave. Thank you, Stu. We met each other a couple of years ago. I think it's your first time on The Cube, right? Indeed. It's my first time, yes. Thank you. So, yeah, it's Commvault. We're branding. We're going to talk about, I'm sure, we're going to talk about Sympana.  Just hit the website to check out some of that new branding. So, give us the update. What's new at Commvault? And what's new with you? Yeah, sure. So, as you went through our website, and I'm sure as a number of our customers have probably noticed, we have had a few changes within our branding. And it's not just about trying to change up colors and logos and necessarily just modernizing the image. I mean, that is definitely part of it. But we also want our customers to realize that we know that the industry itself is changing the needs and the way the data center and the way infrastructures are driven. It's all about the data. And we want our customers to know that we're also focused on data and that information and trying to make it look more like not necessarily a challenge that they have to manage, but really more of that next strategic asset where they can start to drive more business value from. Well, I mean, that's been a theme that for decades of information, information risk, backup, backup pain, on and on and on. And then with the big data and Hadoop movement, things really flipped, didn't they? People started to look at information as an asset more so than a liability. How has that changed your business? Yeah, I mean, so as customers are making, taking a look at all these new potential infrastructures, ways they can actually manipulate their own information. You know, being a software company, we realize they have a choice in how they want to do that. And in many cases, have a number of different solutions that they might want to leverage together to meet the actual business needs and the goals they're trying to drive and extrapolate that business value. We're helping customers do that by giving them the ability to have that choice, to leverage the infrastructures that software applications that they deem pertinent, allowing them to then manage and protect and share and provide the compliance that they need back to their organization based on that information and also help to extrapolate more business value for. So what's going on at next? Maybe start with a relationship with Nutanix. What's that all about? Sure, so we're a platinum sponsor here at .next and we've been working with Nutanix for probably the last year or so and we're really working to provide really tightly integrated products for data protection and the overall data management solution within the Nutanix infrastructure. Again, it goes back to that whole sort of choice. Customers have a choice on what hypervisors they want to use. Why not use a hyper-converged infrastructure to build that out? Why not allow yourself to have an open software platform that can give you all the data management needs that you may require regardless of the cloud infrastructure, the hypervisor infrastructure. So we're working with Nutanix to ensure that we can tightly integrate our two products that's together, give a customer really a no compromised solution on how they can manage the information, protect it, drive it across the life cycle of their needs and still extrapolate the business value that they're seeing today on their non-hyper-converged infrastructures that they make that sort of movement. So what does that mean integrated? So that's engineering level, sort of talking testing, sort of out of the box solution. Can you unpack that a bit? It's a mix of both. So it's validating that infrastructure is running or more traditional VMware and Hyper-V sort of an open stack configurations on Nutanix will also work with Commvault but then also going those next two and three steps deeper. What areas can we work together with part of the prism and acropolis infrastructure that Nutanix announced here at their .NEXT conference? How can we get more in depth and granular with Nutanix, provide more business value back on how we can integrate together? And those are the things we're working on. So Don, Nutanix really talks about how infrastructure and especially storage and storage related activities are so complex. You've got the entire information life cycle we've talked about for so many years. And they talk about really just making it all invisible. Does that resonate with what you guys are doing, tying to your products, has the invisible message? It absolutely does. So part of what we've been doing is also trying to automate and make the whole understanding when new workloads are created, how they have to be managed, how they're going to meet necessary workloads and even tying back to some of those simple infrastructure components, trying to make even more advanced, really complex ideas become as simple or invisible as possible. In fact, Nutanix is a member of our IntelliSnap Connect program. So for those out there that may not know what IntelliSnap is, it's the way that Commvault takes all the rigors, all the complexity of trying to drive a hardware based snapshot of a single virtual machine or of a single application ensuring everything is consistent and allowing that snapshot to be the precursor for your entire data management process. So by being a part of a member of that program, we're working together with Nutanix to ensure that we can take their infrastructure and platform and then provide that next level of access and recovery.  So it used to be simple. You knew pre-virtualization. I knew everything lived on that server. Then it might live on this hypervisor today. My application in many ways is going to live a lot of different places. My data is all over the place. It sounds like that fits into your IntelliSnap. It puts us in a great position because the way we help manage those hypervisor environments, we don't really mind what hypervisor uses as a customer. We have a solution that can fit the needs across the board. So what about the go to market? Talk about that a little bit with you guys at Nutanix. Yeah, so I mean, today it's really kind of meeting in the channel with our joint channel partners, also meeting at the customer, really understanding what customer needs are and how our channel partners are hoping to go and solve those needs. That's really kind of how we're doing that go to market today. And that's probably how it will be focused here, at least in the viable short-term future. So, talk about the new branding. What's the genesis of that? What's the impetus behind that? What's the new brand say? So the new brand is all about, new brand is all about kind of modernizing and realizing that data has become your next strategic asset. Stop looking at data growth as a challenge, but now truly start thinking about it as something you can leverage to drive better business value, to really improve your standing as an IT member. So the way the brand is kind of bringing itself together, it's all about kind of sharper thinking is the whole idea behind it. A more modernized, sharper thinking in how we can actually take the information, the data we're collecting, and turn it around to speed business value back to that end user. Whether it's driving corporate compliance, reusing that information for other business generating processes, there's a number of different use cases all the way out to actually providing more efficient use cases for the end user. All that ties back into this whole sharper thinking idea and helping customers deliver on those business outcomes, not necessarily just technical features, but showcasing how that can drive some really valuable business outcomes. So let's talk about that some more. I mean, the value proposition of backup has always been insurance.  Hopefully nothing will happen, but if I do, it's there. And everybody hates buying insurance, but they have to do it. What I'm hearing is that you're transcending that sort of insurance business value that I'm calculating is how much data I might lose, how much business I might lose, to one where I'm leveraging across the platform compliance, other maybe insights, and the like. So like development and testing, even running some form of analytics and reporting, we just recently announced, I think two or three weeks ago, an ability for us to run a development and test applications in the cloud with Amazon, AWS, and Microsoft Azure. So taking that backup information and allowing you to repurpose that to drive faster dev and test environments and dev and test workloads, right? Speeding that creation, the generation, the allocation of those compute resources, not only on premise, in a private cloud or on your current on premise hypervisor solution, but also often those public cloud workloads as well. And that really turns again, kind of flips the idea of backup as an insurance on its head, because you can start using this information for more than just the what happens if someone deletes something in my data center. It starts turning into a true business generation or a kind of an innovation generation process. And those are the solutions we're now delivering to our customers.   How is backup changing and how is Commvault sort of advancing that change from both the technology and an operational standpoint? Sure, so I think it starts with realizing you're backing up so you can recover. So you can get access to that information. So the way we continue to innovate is trying to give customers the fastest possible way to actually get access and information back when they need it, and also providing as many different ways to share that information, whether it's across different end users, whether it's across different constituents or tenants, or even if it's just for different business processes. It's the way we're making that information open so that once you touch the data, you touch it once, you have all the lifecycle policies assigned to that information, so it's no longer just sitting there as a long-term copy, you don't have access to our awareness of, but then also opening up for a number of different, like I say, business generation or analytical based reports that you can run against that environment. Tom, what's the technical enabler there? I mean, I'm sure it's a combination of things, it's a catalog, a lifecycle management platform, some kind of data movement engine. So take us through that. Yeah, sure, so it really starts, there's really three keys here. It all starts with that single index. So you kind of look across the industry at what data management and data protection in general has meant. If you're a customer and you're trying to get solutions to manage your Oracle environments, your hyper-advisor environments, potential environments in the cloud, end user, and then maybe expanding out into data management methodologies for archive and compliance journaling, et cetera, you may have a multitude of solutions. With each of those different solutions or silos, you have different indexes and indices that you have to go and scan across and search against at any point you need to actually bring information back, produce it for some compliance or governance need, and that just becomes more and more complex. So we start off by providing that one single index that right out of the gate, ultimately simplifies where that information is being stored. So that's the first key, we understand where it's being stored, where it came from, we give a really broad and deep amount of information. A sales guy who worked with once said, it's the banana story. So other companies will give you, hey, that banana came from Ecuador on this date. Put it over here in that box. When Commvault collects information, the amount of data that we get for that breadth and depth of indexes, hey, that banana came from Ecuador, it was picked on this day of the month, it came from this type of a banana tree and was shipped on this type of boat and arrived in our port at this time and it should be put in this box. So a lot more breadth and depth on just what information's coming. So that's the first big key because it allows us to really know where data's going, where it came from and necessarily how important it might be. The second key to that then is really providing all the management constraints or the management automation, trying to make it invisible, right? Once we understand the potential details of the med information that we're collecting, knowing how to manage it, orchestrate it, retain it, when to delete it, all becomes key regardless of the actual physical or virtual infrastructure the customer uses. Then the final key there is the fact that we provide one virtual repository that manages that entire life cycle. So whether we're talking snapshots that live inside that production storage array or that production hypervisor infrastructure, all the way out to a glacier-based, long-term deep cloud archive, we still have the knowledge of that index and the management to be able to pull that information back and apply back to those business value routines. So that's pretty cool tech. I wonder if we can unpack that even a little bit further. So the single index, so that's if you're creating metadata, more metadata than you're collecting, yes. Okay, so then your banana store. And that's done on an automated basis, I presume. Correct. So you've kind of got an automated data collection engine and you can classify that presumably. You got it. And then that goes into some kind of policy engine that you then manage. You have a metadata management system that allows you full visibility on the life cycle of the data. And it's really all integrated together. So the moment we collect that data, whether we're talking from a backup point of view, whether we're talking from doing something like archiving, trying to do a storage-based management, or whether it's just an end user, actually, saving information up into their own mobile end user drive. Any way that we collect that information, we're starting to scrape that meta information so we can understand who it came from, what its value might be, applying it to the policy managers, and then from there, being stored in the appropriate virtual repository. Can you do that with agents? We do that with agents, and we also do that by tying in with a number of our partners by calling the necessary APIs to scrape as much meta information as possible. So you can do that down to what level? Server, device, machine? So a perfect example, we're here at .next, right? We're talking a lot about compute workloads here, virtual machines, right? We can give you information on the compute workload, the virtual machines that make up that workload, go down into the actual files and the constructs of the actual virtual machine itself, even go as deep as the applications and the databases and the files that make up those databases inside the virtual machine workload, and provide access and recoverability and across the board there. So you're not just looking at one per view of the information, the depth comes at granularity down to single files, single objects, single database, all the way up to the whole entire compute workload, be it one virtual machine, multiples of them, and then giving you the portability to provide them access in whatever compute workspace necessary. And your system of record, if I could use that term, is the backup server, or is it more of a distributed architecture? It is a distributed architecture. We do still have a, called a brain or a master that drives everything, and yes, that is highly available for all the HA and BCP needs for customers. But beneath that, we have a distributed architecture that helps us capture all that mid-information.  Pretty much, making sure we always know where it is any given time. Okay, and then you can go down, do you go down to the device level, or do you pretty much stay at the sort of enterprise server level? Well, when you say device level, meaning? Laptops. Absolutely. Mobile. So we... Because risk, by its very nature, is distributed these days. Absolutely. So we actually have specific solutions, and it's kind of the power of the platform, and it goes back to that silo conversation in the one index. This solution will span not only physical servers, virtual servers, information and workloads that might live in the cloud, but it also touches the end user. We have the ability to actually collect information off of laptops. In fact, I myself use it to help ensure that my productivity remains high. So I have multiple devices. I'm synchronizing all of my business-generated content between my corporate headquarters and my two remote devices. I have access to my information through my phone at any time. I can share that with Dropbox-like capabilities amongst my own internal constituents and those that are outside the business. And all that happens through the enablement of what that virtual repository and that one index provides our customers. So our web services tie all this together to enable that enterprise capability without having to pull in another solution or more storage. I mean, that's like iCloud for the enterprise. You've got it. That's exactly it. And then you talked about deleting stuff. It's a big issue, right? So I touched on classification before. Do you sort of auto-classify the data upon creation or use? How does that work? So there's a couple of ways customers can achieve that. Yes, we can do classification beforehand and then put the necessary policies in place to help direct the information to the right storage location, right policy. In many cases, what customers will also do is they'll leverage our ability to actually classify it after the fact. So if you think about your data lifecycle, your data lifecycle time scheme or timeline, you're typically protecting information, albeit every seven days, 14 days, as many versions as possible for business continuity, right? To ensure that you don't lose data. Well, in that 14 day time span or maybe it's 30 or whatever it might mean, we're collecting an order amount of meta information behind those unstructured and structured files. From there, after we collect that information, we can actually go through and cull through the actual data we've protected and collected and then ensure that that information gets stored to the right policy based upon its content, even the context of where it came from, even tie that together for real in-depth content and context-based classification so that if it's a contract that has to deal with finance and has Don Foster's name attached to it, it gets kept for 30 years. We can do that after we've actually touched the information. So that allows us to keep that data lifecycle disaster recovery or BCP process intact for that entire 7, 14, 30 day period and then start actually pulling the information from that to be stored for a longer period without ever making another copy. It's the benefit of that single virtual repository, right? Of being able to know where that information lives at any given time. So very efficient, but at the same time protected. You got it. And then you mentioned deleting before, the big conversation and sort of governance circles is one policy is keep everything forever, which in this big data day maybe makes sense. There's a value in them that are nuggets. The flip side of that is there's risk as well. I don't necessarily, if I'm a pharmaceutical company and I want to save work in process where somebody said, ooh, this might be an issue or whatever, just as an example. So this notion of defensively deleting data, how do I know when it's time to delete? Can you help me with that? You and the combination of ISVs, I presume. Maybe talk about that a little bit. And also internal policy, whenever we talk to customers about how you want to manage those retention policies, when you want to delete, rule number one is at least have a policy in place, right? And whether that is, I want to delete certain information after a certain amount of time.  That's really important because a plaintiff's attorney will attack your policy if you don't have one. Exactly. So start there. Exactly, and then from there it's all about classification. Now the great thing is that at some point you decide you need to change your policy because of having that one index and that one virtual repository. You need to change your policy where a certain classification of information suddenly no longer needs to be kept for seven years. It needs to be deleted today or maybe kept for three years. We can retroactively go back and ensure that all the information fits that policy based on that content classification. So that's the power. We go back to having that one index, that one repository, that one set of policy management. That's really what changes up versus our competition that may have acquired multiple stacks because you don't have to go to four or five or 10 potential different places to manage where the information lives and if you have to change or delete it, you only have to do it once. And this is Simpana, right? This is part of our Simpana platform. Awesome, well I'm hearing a lot of consistency with what I hear from Nutanix do. I mean, what we call inter-cloud, multi-cloud. You know, the whole notion of making things invisible. So it sounds like guys are just getting started on a good road. What's next for you guys at Commvault and your relationship with Nutanix? What should we be looking for? Well, I think what's next is us really starting to put the partnership and kind of let the rubber hit the road here, but together we have a number of joint successes. We've done the integration work, we know our solutions work fantastically together. I'd say there's some things we need to achieve and finish off on the Intel SnapConnect program where we're starting to drive and orchestrate even their internal snapshot mechanisms provide customers that consistency inside of their platform. I think there's some things that we can do to go even further inside provisioning and a number of other things. I think we should probably stay tuned, maybe around the upcoming VM world and other conference shows coming in the summer. Probably hear some more coming from this relationship and partnership. All right, Don, well, thanks very much for coming on theCUBE.  I think you more as a data management company and now coming into the new world of driving data value, so appreciate your time. Fantastic, thank you very much, Dave and Stu. All right, keep it right there. Buddy, Stu, Miniman and I will be back right after this word. This is theCUBE, we're live from Nutanix, next in Miami. We'll be right back.


We want to talk about mobility and moving around. We have all these new technologies, but we implant them in old forms of classrooms that still have the front and then the students, right? But if we really want to be discussing and moving around, then how do we make a structural change that deals with the mobility? I think we're really at pretty early days as to where all this technology is going to wind down to what the classroom or teaching environment will actually be. It's really odd because I used to be on the leading edge of all technologies. When the first computer software drawing programs came out, I was on it. I designed the world's first virtual reality helmet on it. And suddenly, 30 years later, I'm feeling like a techno dinosaur and we're not all wandering around a little virtual reality helmets like we thought we would 30 years ago, right? So what's the take home lesson? How does that be in teaching? Imagine using a virtual reality helmet in your teaching practice. Well, if it was actually implanted in my brain, then if someone asked me a question, the image that's in my head would actually come right out and onto their PowerPoint or onto their laptop. That's where I'd like to see things go. So we actually take away a lot of the mechanical steps that we actually still have. So it's not as seamless as we think it is. It's still tethered. Look, I'm still holding something here, right? So we're really sitting in between. I think it's going to be really interesting to see how it becomes much freer physically.


Hello, my name is Alan, and together with Fabian, we are going to talk about how to set up a VHF receiver to start collecting air traffic control voice data. Our presentation is divided into two parts. I will talk about OpenSky Network, about air traffic control, and about the Adco2 project. After that, I will hand over to Fabian, who will show you how to set up the receiver and share some tips and tricks on how to improve signal reception quality. OpenSky Network, our mission is to improve the security, reliability and efficiency of the airspace usage by sharing ADC-related data to the public. So far, we only share air surveillance data, but as you can see, things are about to change and we broaden our scope also to voice communication taking place between the air traffic controller and the pilot. The way we collect the data is that we have a multitude of sensors operated by volunteers and connected to internet, and the receivers then feed the data to OpenSky. And OpenSky then shares this data to entities wishing to do interesting and useful stuff with this data. A few facts about our network. We have around 3,000 registered receivers from which around 1,000 is online, and with those 1,000 receivers we get the coverage shown on this figure here. As you can see, we have quite good coverage in Europe and in the US, but also in some smaller regions like Japan or in the western coast of Australia. So now moving on to the air traffic control and a few words why it's needed. So pilots are facing pretty much a formidable task. They need to take a poorly maneuverable fast moving aircraft from point A to point B without causing an accident. So you can imagine that the help would be needed. And here is the place where air traffic controller comes to play. Air traffic controller has a pretty good overview about the space surrounding any given aircraft. And they also have good understanding about the aircraft, about its restrictions and current conditions. So they can advise pilots how to maneuver through the airspace the safest and most efficient way possible. So the tasks, there are three main tasks for the air traffic controller. They have to make sure that the aircraft do not collide with each other and also do not collide with the rain. They need to provide pilots with necessary information and also if things go really bad and help is needed, they do provide alerting services. Meaning that they exchange data between, either they exchange information between pilot and rescue units for example. So how it's done? The short and easy answer is that why are using radio? So if pilot wants to do something with the aircraft, they will ask air traffic controllers, is it safe to do so? Then the air traffic controller is looking at all the information available and gets back to the pilot saying that either it's safe and they can go ahead. Or it's not safe and they should do something else altogether. The frequencies used to communicate between 108 and 137 MHz is often referred to as airpans. And by saying it's most commonly used, I mean there are other frequencies also that are used in some instances. For example in oceanic areas lower frequencies which have better propagation features or satellite communication also is used often in those areas. But as VHF communication provides the highest quality at the moment, it's preferred and used wherever possible. And that's why it's the most interesting also to listen to. So as I said, the communication between the pilot and the air traffic controller is verbal. Meaning that if in later, once said, it cannot be returned to later on. But you probably can come up with several scenarios where one would like to return to what was said. For example, a pilot wants to double check the instructions gotten from the pilot. At the current point of time, the pilot should be able to do that. The pilot should write these introductions down. But as pilots while flying are rather busy, they just don't have the mental capacity to do so. That's why some sort of automation would be much appreciated. But for building that sort of a automated system transcription system. Large amounts of data would be required. And that's why Adco2 project was brought to life. It's a EU funded project with several different partners who together intend to develop a platform that allows to collect, organize and preprocess air control voice communication data. For that, two separate systems will be built. First, collecting voice recordings and storing them and making it available to public. And another one, taking care of automatic transcriptions and also storing them. So these transcriptions then can be later used to whichever reason needed. And lastly, the legal aspects of making that sort of recordings and sharing them with other parties is also looked at within this project. It's not inherently lawful to make the recordings in all the countries in the world. And that's why it's really important to shed some light into this matter as well. So that's it from my part. Thank you for listening and I will now give a word to Fabian who will show you how the receiver should be set up. Thanks and enjoy. Hi all, my name is Fabian and in the second part I will take you through a tutorial of how to set up a Raspberry Pi as an air traffic control receiver. We will first go through a headless setup of the Raspberry Pi using SSH. Once we can access the Raspberry Pi, we're going to install RTL-SDR air band on it, which is an open source software that we can use to record ATC communications. Additionally, we will install some audio utilities to encode the raw output into FLAC audio format. After installing the software, I will show you how to configure the software based on your location using a configuration web page. And finally, we will test the setup if it's working.  So first, before we dive into it, let's look at the components that we are using for this setup. As a general purpose low-cost computer, we are using a Raspberry Pi. It doesn't really matter which version, even a version 1 should work. Although if you want to use multiple downloads and listen to a lot of frequencies, a higher version Raspberry Pi might be recommendable. Then for the Raspberry Pi, we need the power supply and the LAN cable for the initial setup. The LAN cable you only need if you want to follow along this headless SSH setup from scratch. If you already have a running Raspberry Pi or setting up with monitor and keyboard, you can also use a wireless LAN. You also need a microSD card, which serves as a Raspberry Pi disk. For the ATC reception, we need a software-defined radio USB dongle. In our case, we're using the RTLSDR dongle. The link to it is provided on the last page of this presentation. And then we need an antenna to connect to the dongle. There are dongle sets that you can buy, including a general purpose antenna. That's a good start. If you're setting up a Raspberry Pi from scratch, you can follow along this step. If you're not familiar with terminals SSH and how to find out the IP of your Raspberry Pi, it might be easier to follow the noobs setup guide with mouse and keyboard from the official Raspberry Pi page. On a PCR laptop that has an SD card reader, install the Raspberry Pi OS to the microSD card. We're using imager that is available from the Raspberry Pi download section. So first we choose the operating system as Raspberry Pi OS 32 bits and the SD card that we want to install it. And then press right. After the SD card is finished, we insert it into the Raspberry Pi. Connect the Raspberry Pi to the LAN network using the cable. Add the STR USB stick with antenna attached to it and power up the Raspberry Pi. Give it a few seconds. Now we need to find out what the IP of our Raspberry Pi on our network is. You can normally see this somewhere on your router's configuration homepage like shown here. If you can find it out for some reason, you can always resort to attaching a monitor and keyboard and mouse to the Raspberry Pi and finishing the setup in that way. The initial login to the Raspberry Pi should work with username Pi and password Raspberry. Next we are going to change the default password, configure the time zone and optionally configure wireless LAN. So to do this, let's start Raspberry config. Then select change user password and enter a new password twice. Next let's select four localization options. Change the time zone and select the continent and country you're in. Then let's select localization options again and change the VLAN country to your country. If you want to configure wireless LAN, then you can do this under network options. Once installed, the configuration file for the software needs to be modified to record the desired frequencies and produce an output. The full set of configuration options you can find on the wiki page with the provided link. After the software is installed, the configuration file for the software needs to be modified. To make the configuration easier, we have a simple page that generates a configuration file for you in five steps. The first step is to specify your device, the type, give it some name, and you can leave the bandwidth as is for most cases. The second step is to specify your location either by address, by longitude latitude, or if your device supports it can use the current location button. Once you have specified your location, you can search airports that are closed by. So in our case we're choosing the Zurich airport and these will provide you with a set of frequencies which are used in this airport. So you can select the frequencies which you want to record. But there is a restriction that the specified bandwidth of your device that you specified on top needs to fit all the frequencies in it. So if you have a bandwidth of 2.4 megahertz, the frequencies can be more than 2.4 apart. So if you're like selecting all the frequencies here and assigning it, assigning them all to one device will end up with an error message saying that we've exhausted the bandwidth. Instead of 2.4 we are now at 13. So we deselect the frequencies that don't fit in to our bandwidth. And error message should disappear. And based on these options, a configuration file should be generated. So we're copying this file or downloading it. And then we have to transfer it to our Raspberry Pi. To copy the configuration into our RTL AirBand con file, I'm using the nano editor. So first I delete all of the existing example configuration. And then I'm pasting in the generated configuration file. After that, we're exiting and saving the file. Let's test if our setup is working correctly by looking at the signal and the output that is produced. To test if the software is working, we can start it in the foreground mode. It's also useful to see if the noise level estimation and squelch are working fine. The two numbers indicate the estimated noise level and the signal level. And the star appears besides the two number if the recording kicks in. So for instance, if you always see a star, meaning it's recording all the time, you might need to adjust the gain setting. More information can be found in the troubleshooting section on the wiki page. Regarding output, there is an output AirBand folder in the home directory where the raw files and the metadata text file is stored. And then once it is encoded to flag, it will be visible in the encode subfolder in that directory. Configuration options that are generated by the config page are listed here. Multi-channel mode was chosen so that we're sure not to miss any transmissions in the channels that we're interested in. The other option would be frequency scanning. Then we chose raw output format so we could encode it to flag. Other options are mp3, icecast or pulse audio. So you can also set up an icecast server to have a streaming version of the channels to listen to at home in parallel. The goal of the project in later stages is to provide the feeder software part to send the audio to open sky and reach the audio with annotations and potentially other data. The gain setting is set to a default level, but it might need to be adapted. Especially if you have a good antenna with some amplification, then the gain setting might have to be lowered. Else you'll have recording noise all the time. So for the setup of the antenna, in general, there should be no obstacles between the sender and the antenna. So in the ATC case, the senders are the airplanes and the airport tower. These examples are taken from the ADSB receiver kit on the OpenSky network home page. So only show airplanes and not the airport, but the same principles apply. On these pictures you can see non-ideal setups with obstacles or a narrow angle. Finally, to give a short outlook, we will be providing some sort of feeder soon to be able to process the audio recordings on the server side and make it available to feeders through an API. Here is a collection of links that we used in this presentation. First, the AirBend GitHub repo and their wiki page. Then the config page that helps you put together a configuration file. A link to the Raspberry Pi where you can find things like installation instruction. The RTL-SDR dongle we used in the setup. A link to the AdCo2 project page. And finally a link to the OpenSky network home page where you can also find things like how to build an ADSB receiver. I hope this tutorial was easy to follow along and that you're able to make your own ATC receiver with it. And happy to answer questions that you might have right now.


What's up guys, it is Kai here and we are in Montreal, Quebec in Canada for the weekend.  So I've got my camera and all my lenses in there, but we're not gonna bring that today, we're just gonna bring this. This new iPhone 11 Pro, three lenses. I have been extremely impressed with this thing, especially with the camera. So we're gonna continue using that today and see how that goes. All right, out we go. All right, so we're on about now, already does not feel like California at all. Completely different vibe, lots of fresh air, blowing autumn leaves. Everybody is interested in different things and traveling, so first define your interests, then do some research of the area you're going to that may be within the boundaries of your interests. Just to comment on his iPhone, I'm freaking loving the quality and colors of how the footage is coming out so far. The points of interest I selected for this trip were food, clothing, malls, squares, and parks. I am beginning to realize that food, parks, squares, malls, and clothing is a lot to cover in one day, but we'll try our best and it's always good to have points of interest to start with because those give you destinations to walk to and once you have those destinations, then you can explore and stumble across new things. This place is absolutely insane. It's beyond words. How beautiful everything is. It's perfect fall, the weather is just kind of brisk, not too cold. I think I'm here at the perfect time. It's this interesting blend of old European architecture with green nature everywhere combined with tons of street culture and we're just getting started. I'm on this side of the lake but I need to be over there. Let's keep moving. So it's 3 p.m. now. We still haven't eaten anything but I believe we have just found the place we were looking for. Can I just get the classic? So I have the protein right here but it's not going to do it any justice because it's been sitting in this box for a long time. Yeah, I'll try to find some footage of more fresh protein but it's essentially cheese with this gravy topping and some meats, a couple fries. Do you see that little cross right there in the distance? That cross is Mount Royale and that is one of the icons of Montreal. It's this big mountain in the middle of the city. A fun fact I learned through research is that none of the buildings in the city are allowed to be taller than a cross up there. And we found our bakery. Was it being so cold on the side?  Very good. Thank you. Thank you. Something that has been blowing me away about Montreal is just how vast of an array of aesthetics there are that are blending together. There's these amazing green trees and now they're turning orange and red because of the fall diverse set of architecture all over the place. Like look at these houses right here. Freaking amazing. And on top of that, there seems to be a pretty deep street culture because everywhere you go there's so much art and graffiti and murals that are actually really high quality. It's our camera. I gotta say iPhone, you have been killing it. Props to you. I've been very very satisfied with the footage that's coming out today. It's starting to get dark so it looks like we're gonna really be putting the low light capability to the test. Guys it's pretty freaking incredible. Check this out. It feels more like a spaceship. Although you might think that going to a mall is kind of a strange move when you're in a new city, it's almost always true that the mall is designed to be a place for social gatherings. When you are in place for social gatherings then you're able to really see groups of people hanging out and just being themselves around each other in new places. Okay, with the exception of that metro I took, I walked the entire day throughout Montreal and that is definitely a testament to the city because walking around I was never bored. I was always encapsulated by something. Something beautiful, something different or unique or special and I enjoyed every single step. Probably very sore but it was definitely worth it. We nailed pretty much everything. We got food, we got art, park and a mall. Besides those we explored and discovered so many things that I wasn't expecting and had a great pleasure seeing. You don't need a destination always right but it helps because then you have a direction but on the way to the destination you're always bound to stumble into something new and I have been done this trip and I'm very happy with the results. I believe Montreal is such a slept-on city. Please come here I highly recommend it. You can always go to the places that I found because they're beautiful but most importantly make the journey your own and I hope this video gave you some sort of template for you to optimize your journey. Tomorrow is the day of work. I still have a little bit of editing to do so I'm about to get to that. Please subscribe. Please like and comment on the video and tell me if you found this video helpful. Where else you would like me to go? What else do you like to see? Because we're trying to do this full time and I really love for you guys to be on the journey. I appreciate you for watching. Take care. I'll see you soon.


Line 1D, Medicaid waiver payments not reported on Forms W-2, Box 1. So enter your taxable Medicaid waiver payments that were not reported on Forms W-2. Also enter the total of your taxable and non-taxable Medicaid waiver payments that were not reported on Forms W-2 or not reported in Box 1 of Form W-2. If you choose to include non-taxable payments and earn income for purposes of claiming a credit or other tax benefit. So note that generally, obviously income is bad for taxes. So if you cannot include something as income, that is usually beneficial. However, there are situations such as for the earned income tax credit when reporting the income may have a tax benefit because something like the earned income tax credit for example actually goes up as earned income goes up, up to a certain point and then basically it goes back down. So you end up with these weird situations where the IRS might have something that's trying to help people out by not including something in earned income, which is usually a good thing for taxes, but actually works to be detrimental to somebody because if they were able to include it in earned income their tax benefit would actually go up due to refundable credits such as the earned income tax credit which is a kind of an unusual type of situation but can come up. If you and your spouse and his spouse both receive non-taxable Medicaid waiver payments during the year you and your spouse can make different choices about including payments and earned income. See the instructions for Schedule 1, Lions 8S if you want to look into more detail on that. You've got Line 1E, taxable dependent care benefits from Form 2441, Line 26. Enter the total of your taxable dependent care benefits from Form 2441, Line 26. Dependent care benefits should be shown in box 10 of your Form W2. So if you see that in box 10 usually if you're using software to help you to kind of do the data input it'll help you to show the boxes, that'll help you to run scenarios and help you to populate this information on the tax return. So software is helpful to kind of better think through what is happening and so we might run some scenarios on this in a future presentation but first complete Form 2441 to see if you can exclude part or all of these benefits. Line 1F, employer provided adoption benefits from Form 8839, Line 29. So there's more of a somewhat unusual type of situation with the employer provided adoption benefit. So enter the total of your employer provided adoption benefits from Form 8893, Line 29. Employer provided adoption benefits should be shown in box 12. So that's that all-purpose box, box 12, which then will have usually a letter next to it which will give you an idea of what is being done there. You can see more information about the letter on the instructions to the Form W2. So it usually has the code section T for this item. So but see the instructions for Form 8839 to find out if you can exclude part or all of the benefits. You may also be able to exclude amounts if you adopted a child with special needs and the adoption became final in 2022. Then you've got Line 1G, wages from Form 8919, Line 6. Enter the total of your wages from Form 8919, Line 6. You've got Line 1H, other earned income. So the following types of income must be included in the total on Line 1H. You've got strike or lockout benefits other than bona fide gifts. Excess elective deferrals, the amount deferred should be shown in box 12 of your Form W2 and the quote retirement plan in quote box in box 13 should be checked. If the total amount you or your spouse of filing jointly deferred for 2022 under all plans is more than 20,500 excluding catch up contributions as explained later include the excess line on Line 1H.