Hey, this is Brett and this 2019 Cadillac Escalade ESV Luxury Edition is stock number 14279Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, your new and used SUV headquarters. This 2019 Cadillac Escalade ESV has the 6.2 liter V8 gas engine. It's paired up with the 10-speed automatic transmission. This vehicle has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this Cadillac is 100% ready to go. Very nice condition all the way around and that's exactly what I'm going to do in this video. Go all the way around inside underneath, start it up, take a look under the hood, show you all the options and just give you the most accurate representation that I can of the vehicle. Cadillac Raven is the color, I shoot all my videos in 4K if you like the video, subscribe to the YouTube channel, click the bell notifications to get updates on the videos I do each and every day. As well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle in SUV walkarounds on YouTube, 9,000 videos and counting. This one comes with the 22-inch chromed alloy wheels. These are the factory wheels for this vehicle. Has Falcon ZX STZ tires. These are 285, 45R22s. They have a really good amount of tread left, I would say probably 80-90% of the tread on the front tires. Driver side front fender is in nice shape. You get the LED headlamps, LED running lights and the LED fog lamps. Front bumper is in really nice shape. Does have the front bumper parking sensors. Get that kind of platinum finished grille. This one does have the 360 camera as well. The hood is in really nice shape. I didn't see any dents or dings on there. And the passenger side front fender is in nice shape as well. Passengers side front wheel. Pretty nice condition. A little disclosure, there is just a couple little scuffs on it, but nothing terrible on that one. As you go down this side of this 2019 Cadillac Escalade ESV, take note of how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. Take these HD videos so if you're far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the vehicle, hear the vehicle, and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. Now if this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video that was helpful and that Brett sent you. Back wheel is in excellent shape and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. In fact, I think these back tires might even be brand new, still have a little warm knobs on them. Frame and underbody, it's in really nice shape on this vehicle. Looks really good. Has the nice factory running boards, didn't see any denser dings on that rear quarter. You get the nice big taillights, those are cool rear bumpers in nice shape, does have the backup parking sensors, full towing package, which includes a receiver hitch and seven pin wiring. And the rear gate is in excellent condition as well, didn't see any denser dings on there. It is a power lift gate, that goes up like so. We do have the cover for that receiver hitch, we keep those inside so they don't go missing and the back storage area is nice and clean. Those seats are powerful down, I'm always amazed at how fast they go down and up. And you can see that it has the dual Blu-ray players, they also get a little bit of storage area underneath here. And to get this gate down you press this button here. And then it does have the flipper glass as well, that goes up like so. But that is nice as if you've got a motor camper on the back of your vehicle and you need to get back here, you can still open that glass if you can't get the gate opened. And as you go down the driver's side, just as clean as that passenger's side, no major denser dings on the rear quarter, looks really good. And for full disclosure, this back wheel, about the same condition as the rest, pretty nice. Down the rest of the side, driver's side doors look really good, does have the blind spot monitoring, heated mirrors, built in directional signals. Take a quick look at the second and third row seats, you get the quad seating back here. Both of these seats are heated, you get the captain's chairs, they fold down like so, and up like that. Third row seats are in really nice condition as well, no rips or tears. Factory floor mats back here, carpeting is in nice shape. You get two USBs and HDMI hookup for those screens up top. And then you get a 120 volt, 150 watt plug-in. Inside and bottoms of the doors all look really good. Up front, the luxury package gives you the black leather bucket seats, no rips, no tears on them, they're in really nice condition. You get a little bit of a suede insert on the backrest there with the Cadillac emblem. Both these front seats are heated, cooled in power, factory floor mats up front, auto headlamps turned out four-wheel drive, power tilt and telescopic steering wheel, this one does have the heads up display. Power windows lock some mirrors, you get the wood grain trim on the doors, memory driver's seat, and these mirrors do power fold in. I always like showing both sides so that you know that both sides are working properly. We'll hop inside, check out the miles, radio and everything that this one has to offer on the interior. You get that big instrument cluster, all digital, that's pretty cool. And you can see this one has 46,854 miles, started up here, you get the digital speedometer, instrument cluster is very nice and clean. It comes with the heated leather wrapped and wood grain trim steering wheel. You get audio controls right there, Bluetooth, heated seat controls and cruise controls all right there. This one also has, I believe that's the adaptive cruise control, once we start it up, I'll check that for you. But steering wheel is in great shape, there's your shifter for that 10-speed automatic transmission. And then this one does have the Cadillac user experience radio. There is Highway 41 on the nav system, so that is working nicely. And then let's go to, see if we can go to the radio here. So you get AM, FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities as well. And you get all your different apps and stuff right there, go to menu, anyways. You can put this radio up by, which one is it? There's a storage cubby right there with a USB in it, and then to get this closed again you just kind of press that, which is pretty neat. And you get power pedals up here, you get your different modes that you can do. You got lane departure, you can open the glove box, parking sensors right there. Push button start, it does have a CD player. You get a storage cubby right here with two USBs and 12-volt power point and cup holders. This one does have the wireless cell phone charge pad as well, keyless entry with remote start, and the passenger side dash glove box seat and floor mat are in excellent shape as well. Smells very clean inside this Cadillac, headliners in nice shape. You do get the power sunroof up there. Get sunroof controls, home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems, on start SOS buttons, map lights, and you get your rear view mirror camera, which is pretty cool. So let's start it up. I'll show you all the options here since most of them take the car running to be working. So you can see no check engine lights or anything like that looks really good. So this is the rear view mirror camera. So when you do that it's actually a video display of what's going on behind you, which is pretty cool. And then if you can turn the lights off, you can see the heads up display right there. So that is working nicely as well. And I will show you all the lights. And then I'll show you the backup camera here too. It's actually the 360 cam as well, so you get the cameras all the way around the vehicle and then your backup camera right there. So you can see that is working nicely there. All right, let's go take a look under the hood and check out all those LED lights in the front. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course cleanliness of this vehicle all the way around inside and out. It's in really nice shape considering the age of miles on it. And under the hood we have the 6.2 liter V8 gas engine and it's very clean, runs very smooth. Once again this vehicle has been fully safety inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off, has pretty new tires on it. There's the emission sticker and it is 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend it from a quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this Cadillac or one of our other 550 new and used cars, trucks, SCVs, minivans, Wranglers, you name it, we've got to go to the website right there, summonauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle all at summonauto.com. If you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com. Click the bell notifications to get updates on the videos I do each and every day as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle and SCV walk arounds on YouTube. In fact in a second you'll see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel on the upper left. A link to all the Cadillac videos I've ever done in the upper right, link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos on the lower right. Click those, check us out. We're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2019 Cadillac Escalade ESV Luxury Edition in Black Raven Clear Coat. Thanks again for checking out the video, remember to like, subscribe and share on the YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Thanks again.


What's going on everyone Sam here with late and sports cards, and I am ripping four boxes of 2022 tops clearly authentic baseball for Vaughn B. So good luck Vaughn. See if we can pull out of here Hopefully something good Vaughn's in chat right now. I'll get mad at me if I don't so Not bad. Got uh, that is 63 of 99 a Dolis Garcia On the generation now auto for the Rangers. That's pretty cool Finish what top three and rookie of the year voting last year nice one there Empty all right Jackson co are right in this box. Oh 45 out of 50 Paul canerco That's sick Vaughn and I are like around the same age. So I'm sure you remember this guy Vaughn the one of the 05 World Series uh champ Nice Paul canerco. That's sick. Heck yeah, let's take that one Yeah, probably the one of the best Rangers you can get I would say box three Come on, baby All right got Seth beer on the Diamondbacks rookie Seth beer that's not numbered that is a sweet throwback. All right Vaughn Here we go last box for your Jackson co are oh, okay got rookie auto Gavin sheets For the white socks not too bad couple of rookies at the end there and then a nice bet and a solid throwback That'll do it for your break there Vaughn. Congrats on all the hits as always man. Thank you again. We'll get them right out to you


Great, thanks, Sean. Welcome everyone to the Hyperledger Identity Special Interest Group for November 16th. Got it. Thanks. Thank you for joining us today. I'm Shar Haaland and I'm a co-moderator of this group with Vipin Barthon and Tim Spring. Today we will spend a few minutes at the top of the call going over working group status updates and then we'll hear a presentation from Trevor Butterworth and Simon Nazarenko of Indicio on Simplifying Decentralized Identity Governance. So looking forward to that. Since this is a Linux Foundation call, we are following the Linux Foundation antitrust policy. Since this is a Hyperledger call, we are following the Hyperledger code of conduct, both of which are linked here. This call is being recorded and live streamed and we'll post the link to the recording right here later today when that is available. Let's see. I'll send out the Wiki link into the chat if you'd like to follow along and if you'd like to put your name under the attendees list, that would be wonderful. Would anyone like to take a moment to introduce yourselves? You can just say a few words about what you're interested in or doing in this space. Trevor and Simon, feel free to introduce yourself now or when you start the presentation, either is great. I'll do it when I start the presentation. Sounds great. Same here. Great. Would anyone else on the call like to introduce themselves? Yes, I can. My name is Philippe Bourque. I'm working for the Quebec government and I'm working on the digital governance of the digital identity and credential program. So I'm here to learn about simplifying the digital governance in this unthreatized solution. Great. Yeah, absolutely. We're glad you're here, Phillip. Thanks for joining. Thank you. I'm Kyle Robinson, working with the government of British Columbia, spending a lot of time working on governance. And so interest in this topic as well. Great. Thanks for joining Kyle. Glad to have you here. All right. Yeah, if anyone would like to put their name under the attendees list, that would be great. In terms of announcements, this group will take a short hiatus in December. And so we won't have a meeting on the 14th or the 28th, but we'll get back to things on January 11th. Are there any other announcements that anyone would like to make before we jump into. I will show our thank you. My name is Sean Bohan. I am a part of the Hyperledger staff. We have not formally announced this yet. We're going to start doing the promotion for in December, but in late January early February, we're going to have a workshop brought to you by DSR who are fantastic members of the community. It's going to be about identity and interop. So how Aries and Cardano and Bezu along with other Hyperledger and non Hyperledger projects can work together. I believe in on credits involved as well. There's going to be more details coming out probably after in early December, after the Thanksgiving holiday, but we want to let folks know and we're going to include that in the wiki for the identity special interest group. Once we make the formal announcement. So thanks y'all. Great. Yeah, absolutely. We'll look at more information on that. Thanks for that update. Any other announcements that anyone would like to make. All right, moving on to working group status updates. So we have plenty of time for the presentation. I'll just give quick highlights overview, but once I'm finished with that, feel free to speak up in more depth about any topics or working groups that you're involved in would like to talk about. Let's see, on the Indie contributors call. We have been hearing about progress on upgrades and as well we're not a DSR gave a presentation on the progress related to the Indie Bezu proof of concept. It's really interesting to hear about. Let's see, in the areas working group, they've been working on the occupy plug-in repo that please act protocol and long term support policy unqualified did. It looks like areas by fold is still on a bit of a hiatus. I don't think they've they've had more recent meetings than us. We've been talking about the latest release. The Anon creds RS branch, you know, the load generator project as well, the BCGF code with us. Anon creds in W3C format and then we had a demo as well on the traction sandbox. So that was really cool to see. In the maintainers meeting, this is a meeting that's separate from the user group that is particularly focused on on getting PRs merged in. So that as well has been focused on that newest 010 release. On hyper ledger, let's see areas framework JavaScript. They've been talking about the absa wallets how actually reduced thousands of lines of code and then as well they move to the open wallet foundation of that code base. Let's see on the hyper ledger. Anon creds project. They've been working on PRs to the Anon cred specification. Anon creds the 1.0 in the W3C verifiable credential data model standard format and as well discussing the Anon creds version 2.0 work. Let's see so that's a super quick overview of the hyper ledger working groups. Any update any other more in depth updates that anyone would like to give. All right. In the transfer IP foundation. Yesterday they had an all members meeting. Looks like what they mainly talked about were the task force updates, which are all listed below. The communications committee, there are a lot of blogs being worked on a trust registries, a CDC. Lots going on there in terms of blogs coming out. Let's see in the governance stack working group. Don't believe they've met more recently than us, but please correct me if I'm wrong about that. Technology stack working group. They had a lot of a lot of new updates for the all members meeting. Many, many task forces there. And the technology architecture task force. They've been working on the technology architecture specification. The one sounds like that is coming along well. The trust registry task force has these deliverables planned. The trust spanning protocol task force is working on their specification. Let's see won't go into too much detail on these unless anybody else wants to. Jump in with more info that would be that would be very welcome. The, if you did the task force AI and the metaverse credential exchange protocols task force did web s task force. But you'll feel free to jump in if you'd like to talk about your work on any of those. Let's see ecosystem foundry working group. Don't think they've met as recently, but the concepts and terminology working group met last week. They have been working on the terminology engine V2 they've got a glossary with over 350 terms defined. Yeah, lots happening there. Anybody who's involved in any of these TIP working groups or task forces. Would you like to give any more updates or in depth, in depth overview. The only thing that maybe point out is in both the technical technology stack and on the governance architecture task force. We're working on a new stack diagram, essentially a new way of talking about the stack, which is more inclusive of the trust spanning protocol. So that's just in the works right now.  I see. Great. Thank you for that update. Which task force is that happening in is that in the I'm, I'm attending with the governance architecture task force. Okay. Yeah, it's under the governance stack. Okay, the task force at the bottom governance architecture. That one. Great. Thank you so much for that update. All right. Anything else. I'd like to talk about related to trust of IP. All right. In the decentralized identity foundation, the outcome spec working group they made on the first Monday of the month. So their last meeting was on the sixth couple of weeks ago, they talked about protected cloud storage and did come at the itf. Let's see. I had some trouble finding notes on the to come users group meeting. If I can call on Sam. I see you turn the call if you're willing to give updates about either both of these groups and the recent happenings. I can so the users group, we know that we're bad at notes by the way. There's there's some there's some plans underway to be less bad at notes but it's from polygon ID who has developed a set of protocols on top of did come in order to enact their interactions. So it's still did come underneath, but they have some heads of specific needs for their credential types and the protocols designed to use those and so they developed it com protocol on top of them so we had a cool presentation from them. And then that was that was the majority of that particular meeting. The spec working group you already the biggest item there was discussing the, the potential to, you know, seek work on the on did come in the future at the itf so that will be a little bit of a slow burn project. The process of, you know, creating a draft and some other things on the way there and seeking for working group but those are that's probably the most important thing we discussed. Yeah, absolutely. Very exciting. Thank you for those updates. All right, let's see. I've not been aware of recent meetings for the different interoperability group. They just look like the IOT special interest group has been meeting and they've been talking mainly about potential potential items that their group could work on. Let's see in the W3C standard. I wasn't able to find too much on the did working group but community credentials group has been meeting they've had their regular CCG traceability calls and VC for education task force calls. Any any updates related to these last few groups or any that we talked about today that anybody would like to go into more depth with. With that, I will pass it over to Trevor and Simon for our presentation today. Thank you. So, just let me share my screen and then get into the introductions. So, my name is Trevor Butterworth. I'm co founder of in DC and VP for communications and governance. And I'm going to let Simon introduce himself because I'm going to come back to set a little bit of context for what you're about to see based on in part who I am so Simon if you'd like to introduce yourself. Hello, everybody. My name is Vyacheslav Nazaryanka. I go by Simon. I'm a software engineer at DCO and part of my work is implementation of decentralized ecosystem governance. That's what I do. Thank you. I came to in DCO I'd worked as a consultant to the sovereign foundation. But I came not as a technologist or an engineer or a computer scientist, but as somebody who has been heavily involved in communications and specifically how to communicate complex information started out as a journalist. This journey started out in journalism. It involved working at a think tank, which focused on explaining or analyzing how statistics were used in the news. It then led to the creation of sense about science USA, which was focused on science communication. We had a partnership with the American statistical association. I'm probably the only person with an art history degree who's published in the annals of internal medicine. So I happened to work on a project with the annals and with Acura, which is one of the world's leading data visualization companies to try and design a better way for clinicians to understand what to do if they have missing data in a clinical trial. And that problem was the result of them refusing to read all the excellent documentation that has been put out by the National Research Council and other bodies. Could we do that with visualization? Could we get them to focus? I also worked on the flagship project for the Sustainable Development Goal to End Hunger, which involved natural language processing to analyze the entire corpus of agricultural research for policy related material. Bill Gates described it as one of the biggest breakthroughs in agricultural research in decades. My job was not to code or to do the science, but to try and explain it to the stakeholders so my boss could get money. So when I approach decentralized identity governance, I'm looking at it as both a communications problem and then also from the perspective of Indecio an implementation problem. Because our customers, you know, they want to implement solutions and governance instead of helping them do that can often be at least perceived as a problem, a digestive problem. So this says this is this says it all from my perspective. We are forcing people to eat raw kale and raw kale is pretty difficult to process. We need and that manifests in a diagram that you're all probably very familiar with the TOIP technology stack and the TOIP governance stack. How do you consume this in order to get an implementation up and running and quickly? The problem with that the that stack is that it makes governance look like it's a bigger problem than the actual solution you're trying to implement. One of the areas of confusion is that it seems to suggest there are four different governance authorities governing each element of the stack. And in part, I would say this is something that is a legacy problem from the stack being created before there were really implementations. But in part we are telling people this technology is really simple and simplifies things and it does. But then they when they go to think, well, we've got a structure it that confronted with something that seems almost more trouble than it's worth. Now, just to stand back a little bit. One of the underlying problems here is which is brilliantly put in a book that I recommend you all read it's very entertaining. One of the heroes in it is Raymond Louis, who is one of the one might say one of the key designers of the 20th century. He did the logo for Shell and the US post office. And he had, you know, came up with the Maya acronym most advanced yet acceptable. How do you plug somebody into something so that the reasonably familiar enough in not to experience cognitive overload. And the field of metacognition posits that when, you know, something very obvious we prefer fluent thinking. That is, we don't like trying to process complexity complexity. Now, one of the related problems with that is that consumer research, how I'm going to say caveat on all consumer research in terms of study quality, but consumer research shows something that at least feels intuitively correct. That is, when we struggle to process information and hold multiple things in our brain at once we quickly exhaust our working memory. And the actual experience of thinking is unpleasant. And that unpleasantness then is transferred over to the product. So when you people try and look at the this diagram which is kind of central to, you know, our understanding of decentralized identity governance. You might ask, well, how many concepts or operations or processes or things do they need to hold in their brain at once in order to understand what's going on. And a conservative reading of this diagram is 52 elements. And that's a disaster. That is, it's just not you cannot, unless you already know what that diagram is telling you. It is incredible. It's it's it's incredibly hard to figure out what it means and where you go from it. And this is why we need to make decentralized identity governance easy to digest. Again, the focus is implementation. So, and by no means, you know simplification is a work in progress, just as all writing is rewriting. The more you do it, the better you get at it and the more you reduce the elements. So this is not something I'm not proposing. We're not proposing something here that's written in stone, but as a way, but as a heuristic that helps people to actually implement solutions. And we'll stick with the we'll stick with the botanical theme. And obviously being Irish, I couldn't resist using a shamrock. But we could think of governance better or more easily if we see the three main domains. Ecosystem governance, which is all about the issues holders and verifiers. Machine readable governance, which is the implementation of the rules for those participants in an ecosystem and the network governance, which interacts with the other the ecosystem governance largely in terms of of rules or sorry legal agreements. And so here you can see reducing it even further to two domains of human activity. So the key governance issues for ecosystem governance identity assurance credential issuers credential types, etc, etc. The key governance issues for network governance are the governance structure of the network, the business policies, the technical policies, etc, etc. And then the legal agreements that when you need to write to a ledger essentially boiled down to don't write personal information on the ledger. And additionally, if you're going to be marketing products or services to the European Union or European Union citizens, you need to have data processing agreements to comply with GDPR. So, in a sense, we're dealing with two, you know, two elements of the one thing, the relationship between ecosystem governance and machine readable governance. And so machine readable governance as it is currently developed as in its current state looks at the schemas being used, the agents that can be trusted, the roles these agents play, and the actions these agents can take. And of course, Simon will explain more of this visually. And the so so essentially it's a subset of ecosystem governance. Now, so you've if you we reduced and simplify these areas, we need to then think about what are the decisions that need to be made. And the reality of implementation is that most people are not the certainly not coming to us and saying we want to create a network. I mean, the that's a minority of people given the task that's in it. That may well change. I mean, one of the things we have developed is a simplified way to spin up a node. So I think as this technology progresses, that will become a bigger thing. But right now, people either want to create ecosystems, or they just want to issue credentials or verify credentials. So, figuring out, you need to figure out what kind of governance you need. And that starts with your goal. If you want to create a full ecosystem, then you are the governance authority. And if you just want to issue credentials, you need to join an ecosystem. Once you've decided that you either have two choices, I have to create a network or I have to join a network. And that involves a certain amount of evaluating network policies. So what are the essential questions then that you need to ask of ecosystem governance? Let's start from the top. I'm not going to read through all of these. You can look at them at your leisure. I'm conscious of the time and getting Simon to demonstrate. But essentially, we need to determine the identity assurance policies for credential issuance. And they vary somewhat between whether your ecosystem is for people, organizations, or things. And then you need to determine what credential type you should use for people. So for instance, if you need selective disclosure, your answer is, and yes, you do. Then you can use an on creds, et cetera, et cetera. If you use an on creds, that requires you using did indeed. For instance, are you integrating with partners that don't have full decentralized identity capability, that is, they are issuing paper documents. Then you might consider using a proxy issuer that verifies credentials and reissues them as verifiable credentials. And then finally, on times of the questions we put together, is it necessary or convenient for the credential to be presented by someone who is not the subject of the credential? And then if that's the case, then you can use SDJARTS or JSONLD. So that's the kind of decision making we want to get people very quickly to hone in on what they need to get up and running and be successful. And so these questions continue. Will there be multiple credential issuers in your ecosystem? So if it's yes, then you need to create governance for issuer onboarding, a legal agreement and audit. And then once issuers are onboarded, you can add it to a machine readable governance, governance file. And this, so this, why I've, at various points, we've color coded the step towards machine readable governance. And you can, I guess, guess that what we ultimately want to be able to do is to automate this so that when you, you know, you're making these decisions, you're able to ideally launch yourself into the governance editor and literally start creating with whatever pull down menus and do dads that are necessary, create that file. You know, the virtue of this technology and implementation is speed. We should maximize the speed at which we can create the governance to make it work. Pretty much that's the pretty much the goal here or at least the goal in this thinking. Will there be multiple credential types in your ecosystem? And again, yes or no. And then depending on what you have to do there, you work your way down to create a schema for credential. And then again, we hope to put in the next, you know, that you will be able to simply leap into your governance editor and write, create a credential, a schema for a credential. Which did methods should you use? Well, we recommend using a did method that allows for communication endpoints, even if you don't plan on using them now. Mainly because this will provide flexibility for future growth. Our perspective is that, you know, the technology is evolving, build for the future, not build according to just what's possible today. I'm going to speed on through some of these. What did method, so this is a continuation, how much durability do you need in your ecosystem? Load your ability, then use did web or did web variants. If you want high durability, use did indie design. Again, we have a design recommendation, secure bi-directional communication design with future capacity in mind. What protocols do you need? Again, the kind of fundamental questions, what device capabilities will participants have? Do you just need credential issue and some verification? So for instance, if you need secure protocols for notification and confirmation, OIDC is not sufficient right now. How will you manage cryptographic keys? This is an area that's evolving. So ultimately, you know, as we revise this sort of approach, we will contain, you know, we will provide more and more options and detail. So that really you're not left guessing as to what you need to do. Again, you know, what you what are your wallet options and requirements, etc, etc. So I'm going to skip over this. This is if you have to evaluate a network and this stuff is, you know, this stuff is familiar from if you look at TOIP. But these are the essential questions you need to ask. And if you just want to issue a verified credentials, you have to understand that the importance of governance to actually making credentials work. So there's just a little bit of information there. And then we were on to machine readable governance. So a quick overview, you may already be familiar with this. Essentially, this is the what this does and this came out of our work with the government of Aruba who wanted absolute control over the information that was presented in a credential that they they needed to be accountable. At the time, the good health pass was proposing, you know, a sort of supranational nonprofit to kind of rule on which credential, you know, how these credentials should be should what they should contain and how they should be structured, etc, etc. What we found is that government wants to govern and that principle applies. If you're a government or if you're, you know, a membership organization or a company or whoever is the responsible for the the the ecosystem, they should be able to implement governance as quickly as possible. So the other advantage of this is that if you cash a machine readable governance file, you have a pathway to offline verification. And I think that's a particularly important point. So just to revisit the key elements that we're going to be talking about here. And the benefits. So again, the relevant ecosystem authority is directly accountable for governance. There is no time lag. Rules can be changed really quickly, and you don't have to ping an independent trust registry in order to have an issue verified. You can choreograph quite complex rules and make them frictionless. You can combine hierarchical rules so particularly relevant for say managing drone flights across different kinds of airspace. There's offline functionality, as I mentioned, and then significantly, if you are making by making a trustless portable, you rule out the possibility that an independent or third party trust registry could enact a toll. And we think tolls on verification could be highly could be seriously dissuade use of the technology. And we also tend to think that where there's an opportunity to seek rent, rent will be sought. So I'm going to switch over to I'm going to let Simon do his thing. I'm going to stop sharing. Simon, are you ready? Have I prepped you enough? Do you want me to talk a bit more? No, you did great. Thank you so much, Trevor. So I just want to start with sharing this little information in a chat. The governance work that me and Mike Ebert and Sam are doing is done under the umbrella of decentralized identity foundation. There's a workgroup that is happening each Monday from 11 to 11.45 a.m. mountain time. There's a Zoom link I shared just in case you want to join, see what's going on, what we're talking about, and what it possibly participate. And I'm going to share my screen right now so we can get to the demo. All right. So for our presentation, we're going to use an proven agent, which is in DCS product. Proven agent can act as an issuer, verifier, or holder. So we're going to use that today for presentation. I'm just going to log into the system. We'll need a little bit of logs. This is a development environment, so you will see some logs over there. So don't mind. And we'll start with the issuance workflow where I... No, never mind. Sorry. Let's talk about governance. Sorry. I'm running behind myself. So this is the file that I pre-made for this presentation. I didn't want to spend too much time on actually going through the governance editor, but I just wanted to show you the final example of the produced draft of the governance file. You can see that it consists of the metadata about the file itself, and it has the schemas section, which describes the schemas that are part of this ecosystem. We have a participant section that describes trusted entities, and you can see that it describes entities by schemas and by description. And then we have role section, which basically describes which action can be taken for each schema, and then we assign the role to a specific participant to allow that action to happen. So right now we have the did that represents my agent, and we assign the role one, which is issu, driver's license schema. And let me go into my governance editor, and I'm going to upload the file, which is just sitting in my file system. And we are going to publish our governance file to an S3 bucket, and I will talk about the publishing in a couple of minutes, but we can just confirm that it was published, and I will go over this piece later on. So right now we have a governance file that was published. We can go to the governance files component of our proven agent, which acts as an interpreter piece. So I can grab the URL to the S3 bucket, and I can import that governance file to our ecosystem, and I can activate that. So right now, our agent will check with the file, with the diga file to see whether the participants are allowed to perform a specific action. So in our case, we will attempt to issue a credential, and we have a role for that. So right now, sorry, I'm going to start this workflow by generating an invitation URL, and I'm going to grab that URL here, and we will be using our APIs to accept the connection. So basically, for the sake of the demo purposes, I'm connecting to myself. So I'm connecting this agent to this agent. So we are going to select one of those options for the demo, and I will issue a credential. So as you can see, it's on the way. It's a happy message. We can go and go to contacts and see connection. The contact, we can see that the driver's license was issued, and we can check the health credentials, and we can see that it was acknowledged as well. So that's all amazing. Now, since we connected to ourselves, we can go ahead and use that same connection to verify the credential that we just issued. And I'm going to go here and we will choose partial disclosure, and so I'm just scared about driver's biometric information, and I will send the presentation request to that connection. But we are being told that we're not allowed to verify based on the governance file. Again, I'm just going to click that again so you can see the message. So to be able to fix that, we need to make changes to our governance file. And I can do that really easily. Again, I can use the governance editor here. Let me just refresh the page so we can see how it works better. Okay, so in my governance editor, I don't have any files selected. And I can just grab this file that I've published earlier and I will upload. And we got that and I will just go through the governance editor piece really quickly. So this part is the metadata that we can edit. If needed, we can also create a new one from scratch just by clicking the create button. We can go to schemas where we can add new schemas to be part of this ecosystem. We can edit them as well. So right now, when I clicked on the driver's license schema, you can see that we have a list of issuers as part of our ecosystem trusted issuers. And they are allowed to issue the credential. So this is only authorized to issue.  And I will say that this issuer is also allowed to verify driver's license. And I'm going to add that role. Now we can go back to governance editor and I can publish that again to our S3 bucket. All right, so that was published. Now I can go to our governance editor, sorry, governance interpreter section, and I'm going to use our versioning, which is a new piece that you probably haven't seen before. It's in development right now and I'm going to click refresh. And our governance file was updated to the latest version that was published, according to the information on the current version of this file that we are using. And so right now I don't even have to refresh anything. I can go here and I can request the verification of this credential again. Not from here, sorry. From here. And as you can see, credential request went through and the status done indicates that the credential was indeed verified. So, a couple of things I wanted to touch on is that our current version of governance diguff supports publishing and versioning. So, if I go to governance editor right now and I will download this file and let's just call it final two. Let me go ahead and open that really quick. You can see that in our draft version of the file that we can create using the governance editor. If you just save it to a local file system, it will be in a draft state, meaning that it does not assign a version or a URI or the current version or any previous versions. So in our published governance file, it assigns the version which is the timestamp of the publishing. It also assigns the URI of the generic URL to a governance on our S3 bucket that we can always access and which we use to check against the most current version. And then the current version specifies the unique path to the file that was also published. And there is a set of previous versions over there. So, this is very helpful and handy. And it is still working progress. Again, if you would like to contribute or just look at what we're doing, you can come on Monday and be part of the deep governance work rule. But I believe that concludes my demo. And as a summary, I can say that decentralized ecosystem governance is a tool that is designed to translate human governance decisions into machine readable formats, enabling our software to make accurate decisions. Thanks. Now I believe that's the question time. Quick question, Simon. What are the next steps with the development of DGov? What's on the roadmap? So, one part is the trust establishment, another part is the credential trust establishment. Now, if I show my file again, you can see that we rely on named participants only. So, you have a set of trusted participants that are described in the file and you have roles assigned to those, right? So, in our case, we assigned role one in the first round of test or demo and then we assigned the second role to verify our driver's license as a second part of our demo. Now, credential trust establishment allows you to issue some sort of the organization schema to participant, but participant does not have to be part or listed in the ecosystem. And basically, it means that as long as you as an issuer hold this specific credential, according to the ecosystem, you will be granted a role to make a specific action. And this is the credential trust establishment is one part of our decentralized data foundation work and there is also a bunch of other cool stuff that we're working on, but they're in earlier stages. Can I add a few things, Simon? Go ahead. So, Sam, I work with Simon in that group. He mentioned versioning was under development and versioning we've been we've been proving out the concept but that will make it into the spec relatively soon. Also, under discussion is the ability to apply time ranges to authorized roles. And that allows for a participant that has been authorized but isn't in the future to still recognize the previously issued credentials. This is not uncommon, for example, what an educational institution loses their accreditation. But, but they, of course, the credentials they issued while they were approved still count. And so those are a couple more features that that are coming up on the roadmap. Thank you, Sam. All right. So it looks like we have about 10 minutes. Does anyone have any questions about what Trevor said in his slide that we're going through the slide that or questions for me about my demo. Philip has a question. Yes. Hello, Simon. Thank you for the presentation. Very interesting. I have a question about the governance of the governance editor tool.  Is there any consideration about having some kind of maintainer voting system for to be sure that nobody changed the or break the governance live on the system or some recommendation about that. So, obviously, the ability to to edit or generate the governance file is not going to be accessible to everybody. Even if you have an ability to create or edit an existing governance file. You won't be able to publish that to the same source where you got it from. So let's say let's just take a scenario right now. And I believe you're still seeing my screen right. This governance file was published to an S3 bucket and let's say I'm the governance government of Ukraine. I'm Ukrainian by nationality and so I created the governance file for whatever ecosystem I'm using and I published that to an S3 bucket as a source of truth. I am using a did to sign my file as a JWT and to be able to. So when it's posted when it's published it is in the science version it's in the science state. So there is no way to temper with the file without being noticed that it's it's it's broken right because it will not be verified. The signature will not be verified. The interpreter is able to grab the file from whatever source and even if it's JWT signed it has an ability to resolve did to be able to actually see whether the file isn't a perfect and pristine state and wasn't tempered before. Does that answer your question. Yes, mostly, but just maybe the part that when when you publish the file. Is there a way or consideration about not allow it to one person so you publish your date but unique signature from maybe a group of person some trustees or something like that before making the change to avoid some some some people that that would make bad decision or Yeah, I don't think we thought that through yet. But maybe some, some current has any comments on that I don't think I have any. Any answers to that question unfortunately I don't think we've thought through that far. I apologize I missed the question could you ask that again. Yeah, sure. So we see. We've seen in the live demo that we update the governance file live and this changed the real live and the system. I was asking about is there any consideration about using some kind of trust these signature before doing the change to to be sure that not only one person have the other authorization. So to make some change in the governance file. So at this point the governance file is signed when it's published by a single organization. So typically a key assigned with an organization's did the organization has the opportunity of course to restrict and apply their own rules about who within the organization is allowed to edit that file before the organization signature will be applied. So that isn't something that's managed by the spec itself, but rather left up to the administration of the organizational keys used to sign the file. So that can certainly be put in place, but it's not something that that is specified in the spec itself. Perhaps some non normative advice could be applied there to make that happen. The other thing that's worth noting and we say the word edit. We're going to move that we're going to start with the existing file and make a change. There's there's no actual editing there's only publishing a new version. So when every time you you publish it a new version gets published and it's actually the opportunity of anyone consuming the file to not update to the newest version if they would like if they don't like one of the changes made. And they decided that they want to individually vet the versions. They're also capable of doing so because of the architecture of how it's done. But and then others that they have decided to trust the publisher of the governance, and whatever they say goes which honestly is like a really common thing in our current world. Then, then they can just say hey use the latest version, no matter what the changes are right. And so that's, that's an option there. So, so yes, I, does that answer your question. Yeah absolutely thank you. Are there any more questions for anybody. There was a question from Silana about sharing the slides Trevor I believe those are the slides that are in your position you can share them with the public. I'll pass them on to shark or shark and has access to them so. Sounds great. Simon is there a meeting page for the decentralized ecosystem governance working group. There probably is, but I might take me a minute to find it. No worries. No worries. Great. Are there any other questions we've got just a few minutes left if there are. Great well thank you so much. Trevor or Simon did either of you have any final words for your presentation that you'd like to leave us with. Well, I think so. I think what we want to do is to get people into the position of thinking about what they need to do. Rather than giving them overviews descriptions of rules that they, they, they don't necessarily know how to process. So I think that's a key aspect and then joining that up to machine readable governance in a way that seamless would be the goal. But anyway, this is an alternative approach. One that's kind of born of the experience with customers who, who are kind of terrified about the whole governance thing and to get them to, to get them to a place of comfort, where they can process things discreetly and easily without freaking out. The question of the, what is the link to the spec this is based on from Kyle question in the chat. I can provide that just give me a moment. So the trust establishment is going to be one. And let me get you a second one. Great. Thanks for sending that Simon. All right, any, any last questions or words. Awesome. Thank you so much Trevor and Simon for a fantastic presentation and thanks to everyone for giving working group status updates. Really appreciate everyone joining and we'll see you all into weeks. Thank you. Thank you.


Hey so welcome to your last session. We're also going to go through 13 questions and that deals with study units 6 up until study unit 11. Always remember at least there will be two questions per study unit with exception of some where you might get three questions per that study unit because you're going to get dating questions and you are writing out of six questions per study unit. Or is it six or five? Six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven. Yes, six study units. Yeah, so let's, yeah. Okay, sorry. I didn't open the PowerPoint slide. Let me go grab the PowerPoint. I opened a PDF version. Okay, I've got it. Always remember to have your tables close by because we're going to use the tables to answer the questions. So this example raised to study unit 6 up until study unit 11. There are only dating questions in here. So this will help you also give, give you more activities to prepare you for the upcoming exam. So you will have to go and find more questions to practice, especially some people like yesterday they said they are struggling with hypothesis testing. Hypothesis testing is the easiest. Also, I'm, I'm going to assume of most of the study units because you just need to know the six steps of hypothesis testing. And once you master those six steps, then you can answer any question you want. But let's look at more activities relating to those study unit 6 up until study unit 11. So you need tables to answer this kind of a question. Which one of the following probabilities are incorrect with regard to a standard normal distribution? Sometimes you will require tables. Sometimes you just require the logic and you remember the logic that we have the probability of z less than a value that is the value you find on the table. If it's the probability of z greater than a value and it can be less than or equal or greater than or equal, that will be one minus the value you find on the table. And if it's the probability that z lies between two values a and b, then it will be the probability of the table value for the second one minus the probability of the table value of the second one. If you know this logic, nothing will go wrong when you answer questions, especially on normal distribution and sampling distribution. So let's try and answer this question and find which one is incorrect. A, it says the probability of z lying between negative 0.4 and 0.4 is equals to the probability of z less than 0.4 minus the probability of z greater than 0.4. B, the probability of z is equals to 0.4 is 0.00. C, the probability of z less than 0.4 is equals to the probability of z greater than minus 0.4. The probability of z greater than 0.4 is equals to 1 minus the probability of z less than 0.4. And the last one it says the probability of z greater than 0.4 is 0.346. Which one will you choose? Let's start from the bottom. We'll start from E. Starting from E. What must we do here? What is the probability of z greater than 0.4? We go to the table. Okay, we go to the table. 0.4. On a positive side. On the positive side, we're going to look for 0.4 and 0 at the top. And that is the answer. The number is 0.554. 0.6554. 0.6554. Is that all? What do we need to do? No, we have to 1 minus that amount. We have to say 1 minus that because the sign here it says it is greater than. The probability that z is greater than you're going to say 1 minus the value you find on the table. And the answer will be correct. Because the 1 minus 0.6554 is 0.3446. Right? Let's go to D. We're looking for the incorrect one. D. Is that statement correct? The probability that z is greater than 0.4 maybe because I'm using table value. Yeah, that's correct. That will be correct. The table value that I'm referring to. Remember that the table value is all probabilities of z less than a value. Right? Your table contains all probability of z less than a value. So this one is correct because you can see that it looks like the same as we did with E. Number C. How do we validate that it's correct or incorrect? So we can go and check on this table to see if that is correct. Because number C says the probability of z less than 0.04 and that is 0. This probability on this side is 0.6554. And what about this one? The probability that z is greater than minus 0.14 or 0.4 is going to say 1 minus the value we find on the table. Right? On the negative side. Yeah. Let's go to the negative side. 0.4, negative 0.4. The value there because at the top is 0. So it's the first column. 0.3446. 0.346 which will be equals to 0.654. So the left hand side is the same as the right hand side. Which means B is correct. Oh, sorry. C is correct. B, the probability that z is equals to 0.04. Because we're dealing with standard normal distribution, we're dealing with continuous variable. So if we have the probability of exact value, it will always be equals to 0. So this will be correct. Because it says z is equals to 0.40. This is only applicable only on standard normal distribution. Number A, we'll have to check if the statement for A is incorrect. Let's look at the rule that we know. In terms of between, how should we write the statement? The probability that z lies between minus 0.4 and 0.4. Today, the probability that z is less than 0.4. Because we take the probability of the second one, which is our B and this is our A. We take the probability of B minus the sign must change and be greater than, less from greater than to less than. Because if you look at that, it has to say. So then it means number A is the incorrect one. Was it that difficult or confusing? Sorry, Lizzie, can I ask you to explain the last two again? Those two confused me. B and A. B, we're dealing with cumulative continuous probabilities because these are normal distribution. For equal, it will always be equals to 0. A constant equal for exactly, it will always, the probability will be equals to 0. So for standardize normal distribution, it either has to be less than or equal or greater than or equal or greater than or less than. Because it's cumulative probabilities. And when you go to this table, this table contains all the cumulative probabilities. All this shaded area means cumulative, it's not at the point. If it was at the point it would have been at this line, then it will just be 0. So cumulative, if it's exactly, it will be equals to 0. As you can also see here, if you don't know that, you must always remember that for cumulative standardize normal distribution, we use, if it's equal or exactly, it will be equals to 0. Number A, you just go back to the rule. What does the rule? Do I call it the rule? Or do I just say the property of a normal distribution? It says, if it's between two values A and B, you will go and find the table value for A, sorry, for B minus the table value for A. And look at the sign. The sign for A, it didn't say it's greater than, right? It used a less than value. So if you look at this one, it's just asking you to take this equation, convert it into that format and see if it looks exactly the same as this. Now, our B is 0.04, so it will be the probability of Z less than 0.4. Our A is minus 0.4 minus the probability of Z less than minus 0.4. So you can see that the sign is incorrect in terms of this. The sign should have been less than or equal. Thanks, Lizzie. Thank you. Moving on, unless if there is another question, are we good? Moving on to question two. A random variable X is normally distributed with the mean of 85 and the standard deviation of 20. Calculate the probability that X is at most 125. Choose the answers below. Now, what I did here on this question, I highlighted the key things, the facts. In the exam, they won't be highlighted. You need to be able to identify those facts. You need to read the question and be able to identify what are the facts given in the question. And after you have identified the fact, ask yourself because this is study unit six.  Because we calculated the probability, so we're going to find the probability that X is at most, what is at most? It's less than or equals to 125. Therefore, it means we need to find the probability that Z is less than or equals to. You write the formula X minus the mean divided by the standard deviation. Now, if this is your X, you already defined that because we wrote it. That is your mean, that is your standard deviation, and that is your X. Substitute into the formula and calculate 125 minus 85 divided by 20. What is the answer? The answer is 2.5. 2.25. 0.25. Let's see if it's 2.25. Not that I don't trust you. No, it's two. Not that I don't trust you. I'm going to check and use the calculator. 1.25 minus 85 divided by 22 is equals to 2. The chances are you might have said 125 minus 85 divided by 20. What your equation would have done is to show you what you would have done. 125 minus 85 divided by 20. What this equation does, it will apply both ways. Multiplication and division have priority over addition and subtraction. It would have looked at this subtraction and looked at the division and evaluated it and said, hold on. Division first before subtraction and it wouldn't have given you 2.25. It would have given you 125 as well. Be very careful when you apply or use your calculator. Use the equal sign as well. Equal sign of brackets. The top part in the bracket divides by the bottom part. The answer here will be 2, which is 2.00 because that's what I need. Go to the table. When we go to the table, we go to the positive side of the table and you're looking for 2.00 at the top. And the answer is 0.972, which is option D. Always remember when they ask you about the probability, you need to calculate the z value and then go to the table to go find the value. Always leave your answers to 2 decimal. Make sure that you know how to round off correctly as well. Question number three. An analytic company sampled 90 online meetings and found the meetings to have an average duration of 90 minutes with a standard deviation of 90 minutes. It is further known that the probability that the average meeting duration is longer than x is 0,8531. That is the probability of greater than or equals to x will be 0,8531. Calculate the value of x and choose the correct answer from the list of options below. Now remember two questions per study unit. How many questions we have already done? Two. We are in question number three. Already think about it. If it's two questions per study unit and I've already answered two and I was in study unit six, what study unit am I in right now? It will be study unit seven. So it means you will go and page through to study unit seven and find the formula for study unit seven. Now, with this question, I've also highlighted the things that affect that you needed to know and highlight before you start answering your question. The other thing that will make you understand that you have moved from study unit six, you are now in study unit seven is that thing at the beginning. In study unit six, we do not include the sample size. In study unit seven, we include N, our sample size. So the minute you see somewhere where they tell you about the sample size or the sample, you might know that now you have moved from study unit six, you are in study unit seven. So they say the average, which is the mean. It's also from the sample, because the question says an analytic company sample 90 minutes online meetings and found that the average, which is the average from the sample is 90 minutes and the standard deviation is 90. It is, we can also not use, we can also decide whether we, because this is sampling distribution. Let me also go back and retract my statement about that is the population. So I'm going to take this as a population average, and I'm going to take this as a population sample as well. Regardless, it doesn't matter. So we can use that because I'm going to look at the formula for that. So the sampling distribution is your sample mean minus the population mean divided by the sample standard population standard deviation divided by the square root of N. Now, the X that we are looking for is the sample mean. On this question, because we're dealing with sampling distribution, they have made a mistake here, they should have said X bar, sampled mean for that X, because that is the average meeting, right? If you look at that, the probability that the average meeting, which is your sample mean is longer than, which will then be your probability test. But that does not stop us from solving the problem that we have now. At the moment, they have given you the probability and they telling you that that probability is 0,8531. What they're saying is they went onto the table or they went somewhere and they found that the probability of A, which is our X, I'm going to use X. The probability of our X is 0,8531. How would they have found that probability? Because the sun says greater than. How did they find that probability? How did they get to 0,8531? Do a reverse engineer, because what we know that the probability of Z greater than a value is 1 minus the probability of Z less than a value of the same from the table. So then it means this 0,85, they have found it. We need to go and find what the Z value is, right? The only way to find the Z value is to subtract this value from 1, so that we can get the Z values. What we're going to say our Z is 1 minus 0,8531, because for them to get to 0,831, they would have subtracted the value they found on the table. They would have subtracted the value they find on the table from 1 to get to 0,835. So we're doing a reverse engineer. We are looking for the Z, for that Z value that they use. So let's go find that Z value. So this, the Z is, what is 1 minus 0,8531. 0.1469. So we're going to take 0,1469 and go look for it inside the table and go out and look for those Z values. So let's go. We are looking for 0, let's go back. The value is small. It's 0,14. It will be on the negative side, because the positive side has the bigger probabilities. So we go to the negative side and we're going to look for 0,1446. I wrote the draw. 0,1469. So let's go inside the table and look for that number. 0,14, 0,15, 0,1469. I found it. That is the probability we need to go out. Okay, because it's going to hide all the things. Let's take the first digits, which is minus 1,0 and we go up to the top to go find the last digit, which is 5. So we have found our Z value is minus 1,05. So let's go. So our Z, we found it. This Z we're going to replace it. I don't even have to put the sign like that. I can use the equal sign. Our Z value, we found that it was minus 1,05. The X is the mean that we are looking for. Remember, I said this is a mistake. They should have had an X bar there, which is the value that we are looking for, because that's what we are looking for. Minus the mean is 90 divided by the standard deviation is 90 divided by the square root of 90. And we can apply that to this. So it will be minus 1,05. Multiply. And so we take everything that is at the bottom 90 divided by the square root of 90. And we take 90 to the other side. Plus 90 is equals to X bar. So our X bar will be equals to minus 1,05. And then open bracket fraction 90 divided by the square root of 90. And use my arrow, arrow again goes bracket plus 90. What do you get? What is your answer? What do you get? I can also move my calculator. Slightly. Option D. And when I press equal, I should get 80.0388. 80.0388, which we estimate to 18.0. However, hold your peace. Questions. Be good. Be happy. Happy. You must ask if you're still not sure. In the absence of comment or question, then it means I am going to assume that you are all good. Moving on to question 4. No analytics from online meetings to show that the proportion of invitees that accept a meeting invite and actually attend is 0.888. In a sample of 30, what is the probability that the sample proportion of invitees that attend the meeting invite? And actually attend is between 0.83 and 0.93. Also, we're still in the sampling distribution, so you go and look for the formula that deals with proportions. Remember, if they didn't give you the sample proportion, you will have to calculate the sample proportion. In this instance, they did give you your sample proportions. It's between two values, 0.83 and 0.9. Since it is between, so you're going to say the probability that 0.83 is less than the sample proportion 0.93. So we're going to find that between P minus the population proportion divided by the square root of your population proportion 1 minus population proportion divided by N. P minus population proportion divided by the square root of population proportion 1 minus population proportion divided by N. P, our P is always in the question. The other sum proportion is your population proportion, which is the pi is 0.88. So yeah, we start first with the 0.83. 0.83 minus 0.88 divided by the square root of 0.88 times 1 minus 0.88 divided by our N is the sample, which is 8. We do the same, 0.93 minus 0.88 divided by the square root of 0.88 times 1 minus 0.88 divided by 8. Due to calculation, give me the one on the left first, the 0.83 minus 0.88 divided by the standard error. It's negative 0.8427. One, two decibels, so let's go. Zero comma. Negative 0.8427. I have only one, two decibels, so it will be negative 0.84. Negative 0.84. And 0.93, the distance is almost the same, then this side will be positive, but you can just double check. Because this is 80, this is mine, so same distance. 0.8427 also. 0.84. Now we need to go to the table. Remember, we're going to say the probability of Z less than 0.84 minus the probability of Z less than negative 0.84. So go to the table and find what is the probability of Z less than 0.84. So we go into the positive side and we look for 0.8. The answer is 0.7995. Then let's go to the negative side to go find 0.84. The negative side, I'm going to go first at the top and just highlight this column. 0.80. The negative 0.8 is the column, that is the value, which is 0.2005. 0.2005. The magic, what is the answer? 0.599, letter E. It will be option E. Are we good? Are we happy? I know, I'm not responsible, I don't know, are you still here? Maybe people left the session, let's see. Are people in the session? Are you tired? We are all tired. Today has been a very long day for me as well. Moving on to question five. A simple random sample of data items results in a sample mean of 200. The population standard deviation is known to be 100. Construct a 95% confidence interval. Oh, I forgot to ask how many questions we did on that. There were two, see? Two questions per study unit, with exception of one, that might have more than two. So it will be two, two, two, two, two per study unit. Okay, construct a 95% confidence interval estimate for the population mean and choose the correct answer. I don't even have to tell you which study unit you are in, because clearly they have given everything to you. They told you that it's confidence interval. Now with confidence interval, remember to go to the summary, note there is that table with confidence levels, right? You can use that especially for the Z when the population standard deviation is known. You just need to know that. Otherwise, by the time you go write the exam, do not forget this. When you construct a 95% confidence interval, or when you do a two take, especially for Z, your critical value, because you will need the critical value, Z alpha divided by two, when it's 95%, it's always going to be 96. 1,96. If you can learn that, you can know that, you can memorize that. Nothing will go wrong, but it's only applicable for Z when alpha is divided by two. Okay, so what is it that they have given you, a random sample of 30, a sample mean of 200, the population standard deviation, which then is known, then it means we are doing the Z. Construct a 95% confidence interval, then you go immediately to the formulas, the formula for confidence interval for the mean. The population standard deviation is known. It's the mean plus or minus the critical value times the standard error, which is your population standard deviation divided by this way root of N. Your sample mean is 200 plus or minus your critical value. I already told you that it's 1,96. Times your standard deviation, which was known to be 100, divided by the square root of the sample, which is 30. Remember, you do the minus first, and then you do the plus. So it will be 200 minus 1,96 times 100 over the square root of 30. And 200 plus 1,96 times 100 over the square root of 30. Our negative side is 1,64 comma 2,1 comma 2,3. 1 comma 2,2, yeah. 1,64 comma 2,2, yeah. And on the plus side, 235.78. Which is option? Easy, isn't it? This one is more easier than the other. In a sample of 150 online meeting participants that accepted the meeting invite only 185 attend. Construct a 95% confidence interval estimate for the true population proportion of participants that attend the meeting and choose the correct option. What is this one? Is proportion because you are told. So do the thing. If your sample proportion is not given, remember they would have given you observation satisfying your X. Identify which one is X, calculate that. Look for the formula for the confidence interval, sample proportion plus or minus. Because it's proportion, also it will be z alpha divided by 2. And we're still doing a 95% confidence interval. So you should know what is that. P times 1 minus P divided by A. So have you calculated P with this P? What is the value of X and what is the value of N? The high performance formula has a powerful combination of five oils and the three, such as almond, aloe, macadamia, and aloe. Somebody is having their TV on or some something, something. Okay, so let's go. What is our X and what is our N? They are both highlighted. So in the exam, you won't have made any new or highlighting things for you. You need to know which one is X. I think X is 135. X is 135 and N will be 150. Always remember N is the biggest one. If you have two values, one of it is small and the other one is big. The biggest one is N. That's how you will remember this. And what is the proportion? The sample proportion will be what is 135 divided by 150? 0.9. 0.9, so we can just substitute 0.9 plus or minus 1,96 times the square root of 0,9 times 1 minus 0,9 divided by 150. And then do the Y's. Do the minus first and then the plus side first. So let's do it together. 4.9 minus 1.96 times the square root of fraction. 0.9 times 1 minus 0.9 close bracket down 150.  A rule, close bracket and equal. 0.852. 0.852. 0.852. On the plus side, on the plus side will be ... And the plus and equal 0.948. 0,948. Which is option D. Easy, isn't it? I even did it for you. If you don't know the critical value, which is z alpha, please make sure that you have the summary notes next to you when you go right so that then you can use the table that is on there to help you identify the critical values. The only time you will need or require a statistical table is if you're going to find the critical values of T. Then I will say use the table because on the summary notes the table with critical values it's not there. It's not there for T but it's there for Z. Moving on to question 7. I hope we will make it already halfway through. Do you now connect? A startup internet provider would like to submit a proposal to Google to consider expansion of its next Wi-Fi services to remote areas in South Africa. As part of their market research, the NEO Connect needs to meet your assistance in testing the hypothesis that the average fiber internet cost in South Africa is less than 600. In a sample of 70 households with fiber internet, the main fiber internet cost 550 and the standard deviation is 220. What is the value of your test statistic? Where are we at? We dealt with two questions from Confidence Interval. So this one will be from the next unit which is hypothesis testing. So if they're asking you, you're going to find out what your test statistic is. Why am I writing a T instead of a Z? Why am I not saying Z? Anyone? Because sigma is unknown. They have given you the standard deviation from the sample. In a sample of 70, the mean is 550 and the standard deviation is 220. Both the mean and the standard deviation comes from this sample. So it means those are your sample statistics. So here I'm using 80. Sample mean minus population mean. So you're going to get the formula. I know the formula by heart. You don't probably, but you need to know that it's the formula that you need to write. So you need your formulas. Let's substitute the values onto the table into the formula. Our sample mean, sample mean is 550 minus our population mean was less than 600. I don't care about the less than and the greater than because I'm just looking at the test statistic. If I was asked to calculate the P values and all that, then I would have to worry about that. Divide by the sample standard deviation is 220 and the square root of sample size of 70. What is the T test statistic? What is the answer? Negative one comma nine zero. Negative one comma nine zero. She is option A. Moving on to the next question. A quality control manager would like to test at 6% level of significance. If the prototype sensor of self-driving cars have an average lifespan of 300 mega meters, nine sensors were manufactured tested and found that they have a mean of 341 mega meters. I assume that the lifespan of the sensors is normally distributed and that the population standard deviation is 70 mega meters. What is the critical value for the test? Are we going to use a T test or a Z test? Z test. We are going to use that Z test and the reason being is the population standard deviation is known. Are we going to divide? Is it going to be divided? The critical value that we are looking for is it going to be Z alpha or is it going to be Z alpha divided by two? Has any way when we read the sentence, have they ever mentioned greater than or less than or they just said they are equals to this much or they are this much. When you read the sentence, you need to also think about what is it that they are giving you. Like remember in this one they said it's less than 600. On this one it says the driving car have an average of 300. Nothing is mentioned about less than or it's exceeding or it's greater than or at least or at most. So it means we're going to be doing a two tail and therefore it means our Z we're going to divide by two. So our alpha which is our level of significance that is our alpha Z of zero comma zero six divided by two which is the Z of zero comma zero three do not get alarmed by you always using zero comma 95 percent or the level of significance of five and all that. The table also has the probability remember that your alpha over two is a probability on the table. So we're going to look for this probability inside the table and go out to look for the Z value because the critical value is your Z values. So go to the Z table and inside it will not be on the positive side because positive side has bigger values. It's going to be on the negative side. We're going to look for zero inside a value close to zero comma zero three. It can be zero comma zero two nine or something like that. So as long as it's closer to zero comma zero three inside inside inside inside zero comma zero one zero two zero three that's big zero three two nine it's big zero three one four it's big that can be but there it is zero comma zero three zero one but also this can be zero comma zero two nine very tricky because we can choose between those two values and let's go check the Z values. We can use this as a guide whatever the value is close the closest one from their option we're going to choose that one. So negative one comma eight I'm just going to go there just to see if we have more than negative one comma eight we only have one value with with with one comma eight right one comma eight it's only one. So we can choose that and go and choose the value there but if you go up with those two values it's eight eight and nine so it would be one comma eight eight. I would have said nine I don't know why they have that or maybe they took the average between the two values and find eight five I don't know I don't know how they derive and go to one comma eight eight five because that's the only closest value in terms of the critical value so I would have chosen option a that's the question is asking for a critical value. If it was z alpha so we would have when they looked for zero comma zero six on here zero comma zero zero six you could have been on the positive side zero comma zero six also this is zero comma you could have been somewhere around those two values which is zero comma two then zero comma two you can see there okay so that's how you will find the critical value based on the the table values. Question nine in a random sample of 200 a sample proportion of 45 percent you are required to test at five percent level of significance if the true population proportion is equals to 40 percent calculate the p value now reading the question ask yourself are you doing a one tail test or a two tail test one tail it means they you should hear words like greater than or less than a two tail you should have words like equal right because when you find your p value for the one for the less than the p value will be the table value for a greater than it will be one minus the table value all right if you are doing a two tail it will be two times the p value only if the answer was negative if it was positive it will be two times one minus the p value remember that we dealt with this we did this when we were refreshing so but before you can get to the p value you need to calculate that well let's go calculate that we need to calculate the z step and use a digital say detail it one tail separate which means sample proportion minus population proportion divided by the square root of or the standard error which is the population proportion one minus population proportion divide by n and substitute the values in the sample proportion is 0 and is on strike 0.45 minus the population proportion 0.4 divide by the square root of 0.4 and 1 minus 0.4 divide by 200 you have the answer what is our z test what is the z test one one comma four one comma four four one comma four four that is not the end now let's go back to our question are we doing a one tail test or are we doing a two tail test are we doing a one tail test or are we doing a two tail test ski wakey i just gave you the answer you guys you are exhausted me we're doing a two tail test now the answer there is a positive or negative this needs to guide you does that test there is positive so if it's positive we're going to go to the table even though we're going to the positive side of the table we're going to look for one comma four and four where they both meet that is the value we are looking for but that's not the answer is zero comma nine two five one and we say two times one minus zero comma nine two five one and that will give you your p value so what is your p value zero comma one four nine eight zero comma one four nine eight I should just say two times two times one minus point nine nine two five one zero comma one four nine eight and that's how you will answer the question all this you just need to think what does the question ask you to do what are the things that they have given you there are a couple of things that you need to get right am I doing a two tail test is my z test value is it negative or positive if it's two tails all those things if they are not in that summary table you need to write them in your summary table with your notes by now you should be just adding things that you need to make yourself aware of be aware of this right question 10 which then it means we are left with three more questions now we're getting to a contingency table consider a four by four contingency table you are required to test the independence of rows and columns variables with a one percent level of significance which one of the following statement is incorrect we're dealing with a four by four which means we have four rows and four columns let's go by one by one and eliminate we're looking for the incorrect statement number eight how do we find the critical value remember your criterion waiting for chi squared is alpha and the degrees of freedom and your degrees of freedom is your number of rows minus one times the number of columns minus one that's what a is is a correct or incorrect so it means you do you need to do some calculations number of rows you are told how many rows and columns you have number of rows minus one times number of columns minus one that is your degrees of freedom what is our degrees of freedom four minus one nine times four minus one it will be equals to nine and our alpha we are told what level of significance is that is your alpha so is a correct or incorrect correct a is correct b the null hypothesis is that the two variables are independent how do we state the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for contingency table chi square for independence your null hypothesis always has you forgot about this we did it last week Sunday and equal sign sorry here we're dealing with contingency table it's either independent or dependent so null hypothesis will always state that the two categorical variables are independent independent so null hypothesis independent so therefore it means statement b is correct the critical value is 21.66 so you said this is correct in terms of your critical value so go find out on the table if this is correct so we go into look for 0 comma 0 1 at the top and nine degrees of freedom on the left critical values of chi this is critical values of t critical values of chi we're looking for 0 comma 0 1 at the top and 9 where the boys meet the correct answer that is the same moving on to the next one there are 16 degrees of freedom is that true false that's not correct so the incorrect statement is option g e if they observe then the expected frequencies are the same for each cell then the test statistic will be equals to zero we dealt with this the last time i did show you the example of it that is true consider the following contingency table of observed calculating the chi square test statistic required to test for independence of rows and columns variables choose the correct answer from the list below so we have a contingency table with rows and columns there are two rows and three columns this is when you can use your template we're going to use our template we know that we have a two by three i'm going to use my two by three template and i'm going to take it to the side and this is my two by three i can change the headings at the top if i want to change a b c it's finally p q r p and i can just change the values only the white area that i need to remove of the observed left and this is 50 and this is 60 and this is 88 and this is 34 and this is 75 and this is 41 okay and we're looking for the test statistic if i go back i can double check that i have captured all the values correctly and if i scroll down down down down down that and i will get my test statistic here and it is 15.51 which makes option number three correct easy by now you should know how to use the template if you download that if you get access to the template make sure that you download them don't work on them on the google drive download them onto your your machine and work from there sorry regardless of where you find the the template sorry Lizzie uh-huh my sister can i please ask you to go back to the template once again please and this is the template oh sorry you're taking a picture of the template no is the template on your website Lizzie yes it's they are all the okay thank you Lizzie on the site right if you go onto the site you will find the template they uh there are two of them okay so we dealt with two questions from contingency table so i'm not going to assume that the next one will be from there we are left with only two questions question 12 and question 18 so they will be from regression okay so this the following simple regression equation estimate the relationship between the number of the nail connects unlimited data subscriber waking remotely which is our independent variable and the average data usage in megabytes which is our dependent variable and the regression line is given by y is equals to 15 times x where 15 is your slope and your slope in this instance is positive huh i'm already giving you answers why am i doing that which one of the following statement is incorrect a we can do a process of elimination to get to the incorrect statement a there is a positive relationship between the number of unlimited data subscribers waking remotely and the average number or the average data usage is that correct or incorrect i'm already gave you the answer it should have been a quick answer that will give me back it's correct it is correct because the slope is positive so there is a positive relationship that is correct when 18 000 or 1800 denial connects unlimited data subscribers are waking remotely the average data usage is estimated to be 27 gigabytes is that correct how do i know that your 1800 is your x you just substitute it back into that equation so you will say 15 times 1800 do you get 27 gigabytes which might be 27 000 on your calculator do you get that or is it another variable is it 27 000 yes then it means this is correct go on and do the second the third one when is 22 000 or 2200 33 000 which is 33 gigabytes which that means this is correct let's check if they are 1500 he is incorrect because the answer there is 22 500 and he is incorrect he says when there is no unlimited data subscriber when no unlimited data subscriber are waking remotely the average data usage will be 0 megabytes so you just replace x with 0 and that will give you 0 because 15 times 0 will be equals to 0 there we are almost done the last question the following sum square total of squares and sum squares of squares due to error were calculated from the previous regression equation where the sum square total which is sst is 33 000 800 and sum square error which is sse is 6760 which one of the following statement is incorrect this one a it says what is ssr now to understand what ssr is you can use the formula of e because that should be the correct formula that you need to to use because your total variation is equals to your sum square measures of regression plus your sum square measures of errors which is ssr plus sse is equals to st so if you have e and i told you that e is correct because e is just the formula to calculate sst so if you go to the regression section of the summary sheet or the summary sheet or table or document you will find the formulas as the summation the sst and the ssr use that so i've i've just told you that e is correct based on the formula use e to calculate a what is your ssr ssr will be sst minus sse is a correct or incorrect but here you just say 33 000 800 minus 6760 it's correct it's correct which is 27 000 for 0 27 000 and 40 that's that's that i'm gonna skip b and c i'll come to it later d the sign of the slope of regression equation determines the sign of your correlation coefficient the sign of your slope and your coefficient of correlation should always be the same so it means if for example i'm using the ssts and the ssr right to calculate the coefficient of correlation and the coefficient of determination the answer i will get on there will always be positive i will never know whether the regression is negative or it's positive whether the the slope is negative or positive or not the slope i will never know whether the relationship is negative or positive based on the ssr rather than the sst formula to calculate the relationship but if i calculate the regression line i will be able to know whether the relationship is negative or it's positive based on the slope question d is just an a confirmation to say do you know that the sign on your slope should be the same as the sign on your correlation of coefficient the sign of the slope of regression of equation determines the sign of the correlation coefficient is it correct or incorrect based on what i just told you so it means if you calculated the slope and the slope is negative therefore when you calculate your coefficient of correlation using the ssts and the ssr you can put you can determine that the sign of the coefficient of correlation on your formula will be positive or it will be negative based on the sign that you have on the slope that is d which is correct because here they just giving me the statement and they say you must say whether the statement is correct or incorrect if you agree with the statement or you not number b and number d are based on because we are not given the some summations we are given the sst and the ssr you cannot calculate the coefficient of of the coefficient of correlation you have to calculate the coefficient of determination and the coefficient of determination which is r squared is given by your ssr divided by your sst using that formula is b correct and what is the value of your coefficient of determination because that will determine what the answer would be is as well so you're going to say 27 040 divided by 338 800 what is the answer it's 0 it's 0.8 that it is not correct that is our incorrect statement how do i calculate my how do i calculate my coefficient of correlation which is r so it means r is the square root of 0.8 and because it's the square root i'm going to put the plus or minus because i don't know whether it's negative or positive because i don't have the slope on this so i cannot say for sure it's a negative call it's a negative relationship or a positive relationship so when you take the square root of 0.8 what is the answer it's 0.89 right 0.89 this is correct you need to know because the questions in the exam might be different you need to know if they didn't give you the ssr's and the sst's if they give you your x and your y remember to use the template right remember to use your template to calculate your regression and if you need to calculate your sst's and your ssr you must also do the same and there is the formula i just wrote as well in terms of ssr so you can use the template to find your formulas because you can see there is your ssr divided by sst and you also have the formulas on on the site on the template to help you navigate and when you use the template remember if you are adding you start from b you highlight the rows you want you start from b and you highlight the rows that you want to to insert or delete and you only up to that point you don't delete the entire row and you go up or down right that is that and that concludes today's session because that was the end of the session and we are five minutes into okay someone asked me just give me a second i didn't uh i didn't write the question but we're gonna improvise someone asked they are calculating the the coefficient of variation now remember that coefficient of variation your coefficient of variation is your sample standard deviation divided by the sample mean multiplied by a hundred all right so if you have data let's say it's two three four eight nine and seven i'm not gonna be a lot so that then i have time so if this is my data the first thing is to use your calculator to put it onto state mode so that it becomes easy and quick calculate so we're gonna put to state mode and because we only have one variable we're using one right and you're going in the data so you're going to say two equal three equal four equal eight equal nine eight seven equal so you have all your data in you press the ac button and you press the shift and you press that which is number one and you go to var which is four you press four and you follow what this formula says is your standard deviation is s so we're going to press four again and you press divide and you go shift that form and you press two for me you just follow what the the calculator is telling you to do so there it is and because multiplication and division have the same priority i can also just say multiply by a hundred on the on-site it will apply both must move from left to right because they have the same priority and say equal and that will give you your coefficient of variation always remember to know to recognize the formulas that are required if you are going to use the templates know how to use the template if you are going to use your your calculator know how to use your calculator quality as well for a sharp calculator for a case your calculator or for the online version calculator or for whatever the calculator you are using hp whatever make sure that you know the steps of how to use your scientific calculator especially if you are going to put it to state mode whether you're going to calculate for one variable or you're going to calculate for two variables remember for two variables it will be a plus b x and remembering that b is your slope and a is your intersect based on the formula that you have okay and that concludes my engagement with you i wish you all the best of luck with your exam there's not much i can say i've been saying this since from the start in january when we started with the sessions and there's nothing more i can tell you that would change create miracles all you need to do is go and practice yes i my sister my apologies i'm the one who who asked about this so it's a problem now i'm trying to uh to cancel some of the things i my story is full on my video i can't take video for this and i'm no i know i need this information what okay uh it's not part of the content are there any is there any other question relating to what we just went through anything you want me to explain even more on so that then it becomes part and puzzle of the video otherwise i'm going to stop the recording i want to ask for the link to the templates that you are referring to okay no problem if yours is not part of the content so the going once going twice and forever do peace let me first stop the recording


Oh, here's good on you. Take that back, Blast. You're good to shoot. OK, so you can, if you wanted to, use this, because it was just really quick. Yep. Good. And if you need to, I'll knock off a little bit. Tanner, can you see it? Yeah, that's good. I'm not doing anything wrong. I'm sorry, Charlie, I've got to go wet now. Measure him out here. Two, three, two, three. Give me, like, a fist. Have you seen the fist? Anyone? Yeah. One thing, you guys need to work on it. 96 plus 912. Bye.