Hey Aljupa and welcome to my big Swedish adventure. I'm riding the length of Sweden from north to south. In the previous episode we decided that we had had enough of biting insects so we changed our route and headed toward the coast. And we danced like a couple of dorks around the maypole.  I haven't seen my face yet, let me turn the screen up here. Oh yeah, oh no! Good morning! Here's Mikke making his own YouTube videos, good morning! And you've made some nice healthy oatmeal. So did you bring more or less stuff than you usually bring? I brought a bit less than I usually do. This is only a three or four day trip for me. It looks like a pretty tight setup to me.  And you've got your seat pack and a frame pack. That's pretty light. I'm digging it. I like my setup right now. I've got these awesome aero racks with these two bags. One is camping, one is clothes. Got the tent up here. Food goes in there, electronics, cameras. And I like not having a big roll on the front so I can see things better when I'm riding my bike. But you know, I change things up all the time. It's not always going to stay the same. And then of course I have my hydration pack which allows me to keep a lot of weight off the bike. I have my drone in there, two and a half liters of water. My spare belt is right here. And some other knick-knacks. All right, bike. It's going to have a great day. What are you saying? All right, here we go. No crashes, no flaties, no whammies. How do you say that in Swedish? Inga krascher, inga punkteringer, inga uliker. Inga uliker. That's kind of like translated to like bad luck, uliker. My knee is acting up a bit. I was hoping to wake up today and feel all better because it seemed like it progressively got better yesterday throughout the day. So maybe it just needs to warm up. We shall see. For now the left foot, the left leg is doing the work. Love these tree-lined roads. Stunning, it's so green. So here we are riding on this beautiful gravel road and we see this old bike next to the mailbox. This is kind of how bikes were back in the day, right? Yeah, this is identical to what my granddad had. And this bike is called a military bike. And in Sweden it used to be mandatory for when you were like 19 and had finished high school that you did a military service for a year and you got a bike as sort of your salary for it. So everyone back then had these kinds of bikes. And my grandpa and my grandmother lived about 30 kilometers away from each other. So this was his only means of transportation when he was like started seeing her. When he was courting his love. Yeah, exactly. Oh, that's so cool. Let's see if the bell store works. Oh, no. I'm just stopping here to film this bike. You realize how many beautiful sounds there are. The birds are singing this morning. Sometimes when you're riding your bike, you know, I do love the sound of tires crunching on gravel but I also like to stop and listen. Yeah, yes. Remember one more detail about this type of bike. Underneath the rack you have some sort of storage area here. So they used to be a drawer that you could take out so you could keep your pump and a couple of spare tubes down there. In your iPhone? No. Maybe your compass. Maybe your compass. Maybe a shot bullet.  And it smells like Christmas out here. And in honor of Christmas, let's sing my favorite Christmas carol. Here we go. It's hard to sing when you're going uphill. We are on the Lupin Highway right here. Look at all of these beautiful flowers. Come to Sweden where the highways are lined with flowers. Mikkelherr is probably like, okay, Ryan, enough with the Lupin flowers, but this is like school picture day for my bike.  I promise we'll go soon. I promise. Time is ticking. Okay, let's go bike. I have been really impressed with the route today. Good job, Kamut. Lots of beautiful gravel roads and other paved roads with not much traffic. It's amazing what technology you can do today. You just put in point A to point B, make me a route, put me on gravel and boom. There you go. We are now rolling into Ønsjönsvik, which is the headquarters, the world headquarters for fjällraven, you know, super expensive Swedish outdoor clothing, and Peter Forsberg. Fuppa! The amazing hockey player that helped the Colorado Avalanche win two Stanley Cups. So we love our Peter Forsberg. A colorful, modern apartment complex. And only in Sweden would there be a ski jump right in the middle of town. Look at that. You trying to get my fries? Get out of here. Mika here says that Max is like the best fast food. They have the most vegetarian burger options. So we're trying out the Max. We're fighting off the Seagulls. And I'm excited about this one. Look at that. All plant-based. It's a spicy avocado burger. And I have some sweet potato fries. And as you know, Scandinavia in general is very expensive. The deal was about $14, which is quite a bit more than you'd pay, I think, at McDonald's, although I don't go to McDonald's very much in the United States. Get out of here. I got up for one second, literally. I stood up and looked that way. We looked back, and that bird right there grabbed the bun off the top of my $14 burger. At least I still got the good stuff. Ow!  But I need to do it to keep my knee happy. Get out of here. Okay, it's official Max wins best veggie burger so far. I've had cebilla, I've had frases, and now Max, definitely good. We're about halfway through the day. About 50-ish miles. We're going to keep on heading south along the coast. You have seen the birds stealing my food. They are seagulls. Near the coast, which is pretty cool. I didn't think I was going to come this way originally. And here I am. So this is Swedish hockey town. Yeah, this is Swedish hockey mecca. Like our version of Toronto. So lots of good players come from here? Yeah. I think they've produced like 30 NHL players over the years. Foppa, Marcus Nasslund, and the Zudin twins are the most famous ones. So mainly for most of the rest of the day we're going to be following the nice coast called Högarkusten like we're at right now. So quite a change of scenery from the wilderness back in Lapland. Yeah, absolutely. I'm excited to see some coastline. Being a Colorado boy, we don't have coastline. You know what's about to happen. Ole, ole, ole, ole. I'm here at a little Ika grocery store and I got some energy bars and dried fruits and all sorts of fun stuff. But what I want to show you are these Svenska jordgubar. Strawberries are kind of famous here in Sweden and there were some kids out here selling strawberries and mykebatis and they taste so good. Fresh strawberries, jordgubar. So what did you buy in the grocery store? This is like a protein shake. Protein. And some crackers, rice, snacks. And most importantly, this Swedish candy that can be a bit controversial. Hardly anyone that's not from Sweden likes this one. What is it? It's a really salty, licorice, kind of hard candy. It's called jungle roll. Jungle, what? Jungle stuff? Jungle roll? It's like a roar, jungle roar. Oh yeah. I'll have to try that at camp tonight. Ika always takes good care of us. You ready to rock and roll? Yeah. Wait, wrong language. We are on a gravel road now that's paralleling the E4 which is a very, very busy highway in Sweden and I'm thankful to be on gravel. I can hear the cars racing by on the left side of me. The highway is not far but we're over here and we're safe and we're happy. Okay, I didn't fully avoid the E4. We got to jump on it for a couple kilometers. So this big mountain right here is kind of well known in Sweden, right? Yeah, it's called Sturiberiet We're kind of in a bad angle right now. It's a lot more impressive. It's impressive when you come down this steep hill we just came down but it's kind of unique in Sweden because it's only like two or one kilometer away from the sea here. So it's kind of the closest thing we have to Norway here where you get this steep mountains going down to a fjord. We are at a gas station now called Prim and it's time for water and every gas station has water, right? Yeah, that's your best bet for finding water here in Sweden. Basically all the gas stations with a small supermarket connected to it have water. And so it's just like a little closet here, huh? Yeah. Let's see it. Let's see it in action. Oh, it's just like a little thing right there. Look at that. Cool. Check it out. We are now on a bike path. The sea is right there. We're paralleling the E4. This is going to last about 15 to 20 kilometers. Gets us off the road. And we are safe and happy. It was sunny five minutes ago. After a little rainstorm the world smells so fresh. Just epic Swedish summer evening, warm, sunny glorious. Coming up on the high coast bridge the second longest bridge in Sweden after the really cool bridge from Malmö to Copenhagen that they built when I was an exchange student. This is pretty exciting. Oh, you see that little cafe restaurant? We're going to camp right here. We've gone a few kilometers past the bridge. And it's time to be done for the day. We went 100 miles, maybe even a little bit more. How do you feel? 100 miles. Again, yeah, I'm feeling decent enough. Now it's been a great day. It's always great cycling in the evening like this. When the temperature goes down and you still have it's just sort of overall a lovely time of the day. And this is just the most epic Swedish evening I've had on this entire trip. This is perfecto. I got here five minutes before the kitchen closed. Check this out. Oh, yes. This is going to be the best pizza ever. Look at that. I'm doing the I got some pizza and I'm camp next to a lake. Happy dance, happy dance. And I'm jumping in that lake later. You know it. Did I say life is good? It's good. And now I'm just going to wash my shirt off. This is the dirt bag washing machine. It does the job. And there's even a place to charge all my stuff in this rusty old power station thing. We've got my GoPro, my drone batteries, my phone. Oh, yeah, this is a five star accommodation. This is what it looks like when bike packers have access to water and a fence.  The sun just went down. I thought that wasn't supposed to happen in the summertime. Well, even though according to the weather app it's supposed to set at 11. What is it now? 10? 10 o'clock, yeah. Since the sun is standing so low as soon as it goes behind some trees over here you're going to lose an hour. But it's still probably going to be bright here all throughout the night. Just when Ryan goes like below like Stockholm it's going to get a bit darker in the night. So I'll actually see darkness? Yeah. If you're awake in the middle of the night going out to pee. So I have a question. Summertime Swedes live in the summer because winter is the opposite of this. And you live quite a bit further north. What's winter like for you? I live about 200 km south of the Arctic Circle and even where I live like if you say for Christmas that week the sun probably goes up just before 10 o'clock in the morning and sets before 1 o'clock after lunch. 3 hours of sun. And you probably won't even be able to see the sun. It's just going to get a bit brighter in the sky for those hours. So it's a good thing we have a lot of Christmas decorations in northern Sweden to bright up everything. But it's usually kind of dark like in October and November and then when the snow finally comes in November as soon as you have some lights on everything is up. December is pretty okay. January and February are the worst months. What's it like? What's a daily life like? That's a lot of darkness.  You'll be happy during those months. We look forward to these lovely summer months that we have. No, but I guess we get it done somehow and everyone up where I live usually goes on a week on a week trip down to Greece or the Canary Islands you can go to throughout the whole year and save up money to go to the sun in the middle of the winter at least get some vitamin D. That's right man, that's right. My friend you're going home tomorrow. We'll come to the end. Come to the end. For my point of view anyway. Well I can't thank you enough for all your help. It's been great to learn from you and learn about the northern lands up here and yeah man, I hope you all go subscribe to his channel and like all of his videos. He makes videos from all over Europe and stuff on bikes and as you can tell he's a really good guy, he's a good human. So we got to support good humans, right? Yeah, and I've had a blast. I've been riding for three days and it feels like we've been here for at least a week. So many things happen along the way. I know, you really get to know somebody really intimately when you ride next to them all day and then you wake up next to them and you're getting food together and you're navigating together and you're making decisions and we didn't know each other before this all came together and it's amazing how bikes can unify people, right? And Ryan's going to have a pretty quiet couple of days now without hearing me ramble on about my kids and so forth. I love hearing about your family and your wife and your job and now when I think of Northern Sweden I'm going to think about Mike and so on. You have another connection out to Sweden you have Malmö and you have Skellefteö. Skellefteö, that's what his town is called Skellefteö which is really cool. Well I wish you all the best have a wonderful summer and all rattle some time and remember, no flaties, no crashes no whammies and no mosquitos there's no mosquitos here we are in heaven no mosquitos at all alright see you guys soon well we might see him in the morning when we wake up but we're going to camp together and he's going to take off but yeah, go subscribe to his videos it is 11.15pm and as you can see pretty darn light out usually I'm in my tent by now but I'm a little wired and we got here pretty late, we didn't get here till just before 8pm we were on our bikes from 8 in the morning till 8, it was a very long day I was worried about my knee at the beginning of the day and then it got better and it's still, it's works like I rode 100 miles today so obviously it works and I'm excited to fall asleep and keep on heading south and I'm really grateful that Miike was with me for the last few days and now I'm on my own again good night I love you look what I just found on the side of the road here look at that it's the sweetest flag, maybe I can get that onto my bike somehow, that'd be fun, huh? hello there thank you for making it to the very end of this video you get a high five I am here to say, hey thank you for watching my videos, but also if my videos bring value to your life, if you love them with all your heart and soul or even just a little bit of your heart and soul please consider joining my Patreon you will help keep this channel alive but you will also get stuff you will get early release videos no ads, which is very cool and I sometimes do Zoom calls with my patrons you will have direct access to me through Patreon to ask me any question you want and like I said you're keeping this channel alive and also, hey, I wrote a book it's called The Long Way Home it's about my very first adventure from Honduras to Colorado and it talks a lot about how it inspired me to live an interesting life to say the least my mom loves it, so maybe you'll love it too I will link all this down below but more than anything, thank you so much for watching my videos you are awesome now it's time for you to get off that couch and get out there


Hello, you're watching People's Dispatch and today we'll be talking about the political, social and economic crisis in Sri Lanka right now. Now, we're joined by Ahilal Kadirgamar, a senior lecturer at the University of Jaffna. We last talked to Ahilal in April at that point of time. There were already massive shortages, protests for breaking out, but a lot has happened since then. In May, the very powerful Prime Minister Mahindra Rajapaksev was forced to resign. A new Prime Minister, who's also a former Prime Minister, Ranil Vikram Singh, has come to power. There's been a lot of political churning. So, in this first section of the interview, we are going to be talking about the political situation, what the president and the government are trying to do, what is the kind of opposition that's emerging. So, Ahilal, thank you so much for joining us. So, one of the first questions really is about the political situation in Sri Lanka right now. Like I said, Mahindra Rajapaksev is a very powerful figure in the history of Sri Lankan politics actually being forced to resign and burst of people's outrage. In fact, I believe houses were burned, memorials were targeted and it seems like a massive rejection of the Rajapaksev legacy. And then we have a new Prime Minister, but again, someone who's not really new, Ranil Vikram Singh, has been around for the longest time. So, how do we do overall analyze the past two months in terms of the political configurations that are around right now? Since April, as the protests had been mounting, the demand was for the entire Rajapaksev family to go home. They have a number of strikes which culminated in a general strike on May 6, Friday, May 6, which shut down the whole country. And the president announced that day that on May 9, the Prime Minister, his brother Mahindra Rajapaksev, would resign. On Monday, May 9th morning, the Prime Minister had many of his supporters, a couple thousand of them, at Temple Trees, the Prime Minister's residence and had told them that he's thinking of resigning. And then the protesters left, sorry, the supporters left Temple Trees and went and started to attack the peaceful protesters both outside Temple Trees and in Golface Green. And the security forces and so on did not do anything about it. The tents of the protesters were burnt, violence ensued. But then there was a backlash on that day. A lot of people came to the defense of the protesters and beat back the supporters of Mahindra Rajapaksev. And not only that, that night, a number of Mahindra Rajapaksev's supporters in Parliament, MP's houses were torched. And a lot of the, even the kind of symbolic house of the Rajapaksev and the memorial to their father was vandalized and torched by very targeted measures of violence. And in fact, protests were mounting very heavily outside the Prime Minister's residence where they had to evacuate the Prime Minister and the Prime Minister resigned as well. Now this sent sort of a shock through the ruling class, right? They did not expect this kind of retribution and it showed the anger among the people. The Rajapaksev's were visibly shaken. Everybody had resigned except the President. Now a few days later, while, you know, there was a few for a couple days and President Gottabai Rajapaksev appointed Prime Minister Ranil Vikram Asingar, right? Now Ranil Vikram Asingar had been Prime Minister five times before that, you know, comes from the the largest political party in the country, the United National Party, to whom the British had handled over power in 1948. You know, one of their leaders, J. R. Jaiwadhana, took Sri Lanka in the neoliberal path when Ranil Vikram Asingar entered Parliament. And it had been, you know, the symbolic of the ruling class for decades. But in the last parliamentary elections, that party was wiped out. In fact, Ranil Vikram Asingar also lost his seat and the United National Party only gained one seat through proportional representation. And Ranil Vikram Asingar, nobody was appointed MP. And only about a year ago, Ranil Vikram Asingar shamelessly came to Parliament on that sole seat. Now he has been appointed Prime Minister, right? Partly, I think most people believe in Sri Lanka that even during the previous government, when the Rajapaksas were out, Ranil Vikram Asingar was Prime Minister and he saved the Rajapaksas. And so this is seen as a political deal between the Rajapaksas and Ranil Vikram Asingar to sort of save the Rajapaksas. So that is one criticism of it. And two, Ranil Vikram Asingar seems to have considerable international support from the diplomatic community who have been very quick to support his appointment as Prime Minister. And the the message was sent that he is the credible negotiator for an INF agreement or to gain support from the international actors. And since his appointment and his promises of getting international support and so on, the protests have been somewhat subdued, but they are still continuing in golfers. So now over the last almost a month since Ranil Vikram Asingar was appointed Prime Minister, he has not been able to deliver much. The same shortages are continuing in terms of fuel, in terms of cooking gas, price spikes are continuing. There are negotiations going on with the IMF, but nothing substantial has changed on the ground. And in fact, they were to bring a 21st amendment to the constitution, greatly reducing the powers of the president and ensuring independence in terms of governance and so on, independent institutions such as commissions and so on. But even a lot of that has been stalled because the reality in parliament is that the Rajapaksa's SLPP still has a majority. So they are still calling the shots with a semblance of stability brought about by the subdued character of the protests over the last month. So we are kind of in this stalemate now. And it's to be seen what is going to happen over the next couple of months where the Ranil Vikram Asingar will be able to survive. He seems to be steadily losing the little credibility that he had when he was appointed. Would the IMF agreement go through what would happen in parliament? So these are the questions before the country. Now, I must say a few days ago, the federation of university teachers associations, all our universities in Sri Lanka, state universities, and this is their union. And I must also say I'm the vice president of Futa. We launched our proposals for political and economic stability in which we are continuing to call for the resignation of President Goethe Bayer Rajapaksa. We feel that the appointment of this prime minister is undemocratic. But we would like to see interim government formed within parliament that would be credible and acceptable, a national government of sorts. And whether that kind of process is possible. And along with that we are saying both in the immediate term and going forward there should be some kind of a people's council that works with parliament because the government has lost legitimacy. People are not respecting the government, the parliamentarians, the president. So there has to be some way in which people's representation is brought forward because behind this contradiction, we would want the path to be constitutional at the same time there's no political legitimacy for the parliament and the president. So some kind of a compromise to bring about some stability because to immediately go for elections in this moment will also be difficult. One, we are in the midst of a severe economic crisis. And two, the people are not ready for elections. You know, we want people to have the space to think of their representatives and to put forward somebody who can actually give leadership. Otherwise, in a year's time, we might again be going into for another elections. All right. In this context, just wanted to sort of, you know, ask you further about two sets of oppositional spaces. So the first one is the official parliamentary and political opposition. We have the SJB, which is a major opposition party. The JVP is well quite active. So what has been the position these parties have taken in this context have they have been able to present, you know, some kind of an alternative or a meaningful alternative to the people. And on the other hand, we've also seen that over the past few months, there's been this flowering of democracy as many people have called it. There have been a lot of small protests, a lot of debates, discussions. The main protest space, of course, in Colombo itself, as you mentioned, huge gatherings taking place like a public square. So what has been taking place in some of these spaces as well over the past few months? Yeah, if you take the parliamentary space, parliamentarians for the most part have been discredited. But, you know, the opposition consists, of course, of the SJB, which broke away from the UNP during the last elections led by Sajid Premadasan. There is the NPP, this is a coalition of the JVP with three parliamentarians. And then there are the minority parties, the TNA and the other temple parties and the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress and some of the Muslim parties. Now, one problem is that the opposition really has not taken advantage of the situation to put forward their vision of how to move forward. If you take the SJB, they really have not addressed the food crisis. They are also very much tied to this sort of neoliberal solution of going to the International Monetary Fund and agreement austerity. So they have not put forward an alternate view of how they're going to address this crisis from what is left of the government in terms of the Central Bank and the Foreign Secretary are putting forward. So there is a leadership vacuum in that sense. The JVP and the NPP have been mobilizing quite a bit, but they have mainly been sticking to the issue of corruption, that the Rajapaksas have been corrupt, that various members of parliament are corrupt. And they are hoping to make their gains perhaps in the next elections and they've been pushing for elections sooner rather than later. They're hoping to make some gains, but mainly on the corruption issue. But Sri Lanka is going through one of the worst economic crises since independence and it looks and it's a time for very drastic alternatives which are not coming forth from the parliamentary realm. Outside the parliament, it's very fragmented. The protests are being taken forward. I must say that in the lead up to May 9th, the trade unions played a critical role. They finally entered the protest space, the general strike was hugely successful. But in terms of the politics outside, it's still very much fragmented. The frontline socialist party which broke away from the JVP about a decade ago, the student movement is with them. So they've been very militant in continuous protests and the students have been constantly tear gassed by the police in these very militant protests. But coherence isn't there in terms of what kind of alternative these protesters are asking for other than for the resignation of the president. So how these two political spaces are going to contribute towards putting forward a vision of an economy that has to address this huge crisis and increasingly people are also convinced that it's going to be a very long drawn out crisis. Just six months ago, various policymakers think tanks said, well, once you go to the IMF, three months, six months, you'll be back to where we were, say two, three years ago. But I think it's amply clear to everyone that this is going to be a long drawn out crisis. I'm seeing it as a crisis like in Greece, they're going to have a lost decade. If you remember in the 2010s, there was the revolving door of parliament to politics in Greece. They had seven prime ministerial changes. So we might be also looking at something like that. We could go for election soon, but then we might have to go for another election again in another year or two. So political stability is also linked to the economic questions and what comes of this very broad protest movement, which I think will continue to come in waves because the underlying causes both economically and politically are still there to propel this protest movement onwards. Absolutely. And before on to some of the economic questions, I learned one question regarding the Rajapaksas themselves because we do know that over the past more than a decade and especially during the Civil War through the kind of militant majoritarian politics they built, which there was a lot of human rights violations. But over the years, even after the war, we saw a number of instances and they built a very powerful majoritarian support block, especially in the South. And today we see that a lot of this seems to have kind of fractured also. So has that politics basically sort of run reach the end of its course, so to speak? Or is there a possibility of revival? How does it look like? Yeah, the Rajapaksa regime itself has been thoroughly delegitimized. So I think it's going to be very hard for them to come back to power in another elections, right? And by regimeized means the family and their supporters, people have completely lost faith in them. But the ideology that they mobilized, Singhala Buddhist nationalism with the support of certain sections of the business class and the military, this mix, even though currently it's on the path of descendants at some other point, some other actor may try to bring a mix of this and emerge on a nationalist platform. So that's my big worry. If you look at Sri Lankan politics, we've never had a military coup. It has always been through this kind of nationalist mobilization. And there is the danger that currently there's a swing towards the liberals, right? Away from this kind of authoritarian power, there's a process of democratization going on. And Rani Aditya Singh are representing that liberals has been appointed as a compromise. And even if Rani Vikram Singh doesn't stay very long, let's say either with or without elections, the SJB or remnants of it, some kind of a liberal regime comes to power. They are probably not going to be able to address this economic crisis. They are not forthcoming with the kind of policies that could add to it to solve this problem. And in that context, say in two, three years time, there can again be another swing to the right. And it could be against some kind of authoritarian populist or even a fascist who mobilizes the failure of the liberals. And we've seen this a number of times before. And ironically, it's been under the under the stance of Rani Vikram Singh as Prime Minister. In 2002, you know, after the war had been raging for almost two decades, people were tired of the war. In 2001, the Tamil Tigers attacked the Katnaika Airport. And Sri Lanka for the first time went into negative growth. I think there was minus 1% GDP growth. And we were in a severe crisis. There was Rani Vikram Singh as watered in as Prime Minister. And there was a ceasefire agreement heavily internationalized. The Norwegians came back by the United States, European Union, and Japan as co-chairs of a peace process. And Rani Vikram Singh tried to combine these peace negotiations with the Tigers with neoliberal reforms. There was the Oslo donor conference, the Washington donor conference. And finally, in June 2003, there was a Tokyo donor conference where 4.5 billion US dollars were pledged, provided the peace process proceeds along with these neoliberal reforms. But Rani Vikram Singh had completely neglected the singular constituencies. And within nine months, he was out of power. And that was the ascendance of Mahindra Rajapaksa, first as Prime Minister and then as President. Similarly, in 2015, the Rajapaksas were thrown out. President Sri Sena came to power. Rani Vikram Singh came as Prime Minister. A golden opportunity for Sri Lanka. Vikram Singh decided to go with the Rajapaksas in order to ensure his power and to sort of marginalize Sri Sena. There was, you know, in the next two years, 2016-17, there was a drought in the country and disruption of agriculture, paid no attention to it. And in 2018, January, we saw a massive comeback of the Rajapaksas. They even launched their own party, SLTP, and swept the local government elections. Right? And that was, you know, that preceded their kind of regime change with presidential victory in 2019. So we've seen Sri Lanka swing from the right to the liberals. And my worry is that, again, there can be a swing like that. And when that happens, you know, it comes with a certain xenophobia. And now, particularly with all the kind of western support for Rani Vikram Singh and the kind of IMF agreement, there's likely to be a backlash. And, but initially it can be kind of xenophobic against the west and possibly India, but then it turns inward against the minorities, divides them. So we've seen this scenario before and of course, you cannot predict history, but, and my worry is that we might end up with something like that, unless we use this moment, this huge political opening towards the process of democratization, you know, while building interethnic relations. Absolutely. Thank you so much, Ailan. And that's all we have in the first segment of this interview. In the next part, we'll be looking at some of the details of the economic crisis that continues to hit Sri Lanka. Stay tuned.


Don't cry. Don't cry. It's okay. It's okay. It's okay. We need to give them some air. With the food so good, you cry out. Yo, what's going on everybody? If you guys have not noticed, food halls are the trendiest way to serve food right now. They're popping up in every single city. These locally curated boutique food courts are impacting the restaurant industry in a major way. In fact, a lot of people, especially millennials, are choosing to go to these before even traditional restaurants. There's already 20 of these in New York alone. What is all the hype about? Why is this the new wave? What implications will it have for the restaurant industry moving towards the future? I don't know. But you know what? I'm outside of Canal Street Market. It's a new food hall between Soho and Chinatown. I'm here to talk to the owners and meet up some friends to eat some dope food. Let's go. I am now with the owner of Canal Street Market and Chinatown native Phil Chong. Yo, welcome to Canal Street Market. Yo, in 2018, what is like the basic description of a food hall? Yeah, it's a collection of different vendors selling all different types of food. Ours is unique in the sense that they're really representative of the community of Chinatown. And we also have a really good mix of retail vendors here too. But how is it different than a food court or a night market that a lot of people have been to? Food courts are usually at the bottom of a department store or a mall. Night markets are typically outside. What makes a food hall different is that it's the destination itself. You're coming here not for a department store, it's not outdoors, or you're coming here for the food or for the retail. We have art shows, we have music shows, we have classes and kids. So you guys are adding a bunch of entertainment and other elements just besides food? Yeah, it's all about the experience. Why do you think people are flocking to food halls now? I think it's the variety. You're able to have ceviche to Japanese food, to Chinese food, to bubble tea, to kakagori, all these things within 10 steps of each other. Oh, definitely. I mean, I feel like for millennials it fits so well with social media. Where it's like you can go do a food crawl with your friends without going to different restaurants. It's all contained in one single space. Yo Phil, thank you so much for that. That was really informative and I hope that people now understand food halls and particularly this one a lot better. But man, I'm pretty hungry. You should do your job and definitely have some of the food over there. All right, let's check it out. All right, now we're on the food side of the Canal Street Market and one of the funnest things to do when going to a food crawl is going with some hungry friends. So here I got Jenny. Hey. I got Benson. What's up guys? I got Christina. Hi everyone. We are all very hungry. There's a lot of unique foods here. Let's go. All right, yo, Benson, what are the first three spots that we're going to go to in round one of our Canal Street Market food crawl? All right guys, we're going to bring you to Mission Ceviche, a Peruvian Ceviche spot. They got avocado mousse, fresh fish, all delicious in one bowl. Next up, we're going to Namuang Kua'i. It's a staple piece in Chinatown called Namuang. And Kua'i in Chinese actually means fast. And the third spot we're going to is Ilele, a Mediterranean spot, Lebanese style. And do not forget about some of the best boba from coast to coast, boba guys is here at CSM. How do you girls decide what foods you're going to post on? What foods you're going to post on Instagram? I post whatever I saw on Instagram first. So if it's like really pretty aesthetically looking, I'm going to go after it and make my way to go find it. Post anything that's very aesthetically pleasing and has nice walls in the back. So you guys are real shallow. I'm just kidding. Is that the word for it? Is that the word for it? I'm ready for round one. All right guys, here's the spread for round one. We got a lot of delicious food here. We got pea vine shrimp dumpling from Namuang. Namuang. So that is called Daomu Haak Ao. Yeah. Mmm. So I'm from Northern China and usually they don't eat a lot of things but my family does because we're grown up in America. We have pork and shrimp bacon dumplings with exo sauce. No way. And I always appreciate Namuang because they're always innovating like adding bacon exo sauce. Those are not usually things that are put together in a dish show. Shout out to Wilson from Namuang. Is something like I tasted before. It's so different. I think you never get bacon in a dumpling. No. The only time I've had bacon in a dumpling, you go to Polish restaurant and you get like pierogis. That'll have like bacon with like sour cream, a little bit of potato cheese. Pierogis are kind of like dumplings. I think you guys got to try the seasoning on the chicken. Yeah. That is something new. Like I would say Namuang, definitely putting a twist on everything. Impact that thing with a lot of seasoning. This is what you're supposed to do at a food hall. You're supposed to share. I want the whole plate to myself. Then I'll talk and try different kind of stuff from different places. Okay, so we have beef, we got hummus. Oh man, we got the cilantro. It's like a deconstructed tabbouleh. It's got like the zaatar spice on top too. Really special spice in Mediterranean cooking. So like a lot of Syrian, Lebanese, like they'll put it on top. But then it also gets cooled down with a lot of hummus and kind of a sourness that kind of makes everything feel a lot more healthy. Yeah.  But I will not eat tomatoes.  I'll do it for the YouTube. All right guys. Wow. Thank you Ryan for eating tomatoes on our channel. MVP. I'm so honored. Eat the whole thing man. The whole thing. Oh my gosh. This is like a... Still not my favorite. This might be the most exciting to me personally because my favorite ceviche is peruvian ceviche. Ceviche originally came from Peru and Peru, if you guys don't know, has a lot of different influences. It even has the seaweed salad that's Japanese because there are a lot of Japanese people in Peru, a lot of Chinese as well. So here you have avocado mousse. You have potato mousse.  It feels super light too. You're my favorite Pokemon. I've got shrimp and octopus in this bite right here. It's so good you cry out. Man, that is probably my favorite thing we eat so far. Yeah, for sure. Light. It's the best. I love Peruvian ceviche. I like this avocado the most. That was round one but we got a lot more food coming because there's some really innovative dishes that are coming up that we've got to show you how they're made. Round two. Now it is round two and we have another wide variety of food. We have traditional Japanese dishes from two different Japanese spots. This is from Kuroobi. This is actually a branch off of Ippodō. And Ippodō is like one of the most famous ramen spots in all of New York. Usually you don't eat ramen out of like a paper bowl. Yeah. And this is kind of their thing. It's a transportable ramen. Look at that technique. Wow. You gotta do that thing. It's pretty spicy. Yeah. How is it compared to the normal Ippodō? It's the same noodle for sure. I think it's a bit thicker. Yeah. Yeah. Oh, that was spicy. Was it? Right. So this is the Hokkaido. They use a third wave coffee pour over technique. It provides two of my favorite things. Coffee and Japanese food. This is like a rice soup. It's actually different than kanji. So what happens is they actually cook rice and they pour soup on top. This one is miso. Kanji is the rice is cooked in with it and kind of like diffuses and separates and becomes like a gooey mixture. With the little fish eggs in it. Got little pieces of salmon. You have seaweed. It's really simple. It's like comfort food. That's pretty good. It's no kanji though. It's no kanji. It's not kanji. They call it Komex Korean Mexican fusion. What makes this different from other Komex spots, you do have the kogi here. The way it's prepared they blow torch it and it really gives it that like charred kind of like Korean barbecue taste. You still got that fire kind of charredness. It seems more like a bro food. Yeah. Yeah, the ladies you're like. It's all you. It's all you. It's not too heavy. And that is like a very like, I would say that is a very well done Komex dish right there. We have Luke's Lobster. That's a straight from name. Number one lobster roll. This is probably the most well known lobster roll chain. Probably in the world they focus on traceable sustainability. They use lemon butter. They use fresh lobster. They use their secret seasoning. Soft bun. I've only had a lobster roll a few times in my life and I never liked them as much as this one. This is the best one. Taste the butter. Taste the butter. It's not too overpowering. I've had lobster rolls that were way too much like mayonnaise and cream. Yeah. This is really bomb. It kind of lets the lobster shine for itself. Like it doesn't try to mask it. What was your guys favorite? Mine's a lobster. Lobster? Yeah. Lobster. And you're going to roll with the ramen. Oh. Brings me back to Japan. Got some dessert. Yeah. Kakegori is Japanese shaped ice. We got Gaston here from Banzai Kakegori. He's going to show us a demonstration of how to make Japanese shaped ice otherwise known as Kakegori. To say that Kakegori has really two big differences from the very popular time when you shaved ice or maybe like Korean shaved ice. The biggest difference are one that we use clear ice so what you get is very thin texture. The second biggest difference is that we use as fresh of ingredients as we can. Sometimes when we get a snow cone on another type of shaved ice there's a lot of artificial stuff that people use. We make everything in-house. Fresh fruit and handmade toppings. This is the strawberries and cream Kakegori, right? Mmm. That's so fresh. Wow. That is delicate, man. That's really good. You know what? It really lets the strawberry and the cream shine. Yeah. That closes up our food haul video. I mean we went everywhere, talked with the owner Phil Chong here about food haul culture. Saw some new innovative techniques. Everything from the avocado mousse to the potato mousse. Okay, you got the third wave pour over miso. Okay, you got transportable ramen. You got torched beef, comex bowls. You got live shaved ice. I think food hauls are a more boutique version of tapateria. It's a growing trend and definitely check it out with some friends. Alright guys, in the comments below let us know what your food haul ideas are. Until next time, we out. Peace. I'm so glad I came today. Thank you so much. Be sure to check me out on my channel from Christina. You can find me on my Instagram, Jenny underscore the underscore creator underscore. Follow me at Ryan, William Benson on Instagram.


Thanks everyone for coming again and this is going to be a brief introduction. My name is Kiran and I'm in a company and I've seen the best environment. Xenop works with me, Sunil is helping us with running an event. So it's a pleasure to be here today. Hi guys. So, the speakers today are Sunil, Dr. Sunil Prasad from Proposal and Sunil. So, my company has organized events for people in technology. I'm a software developer myself and so is everyone else who is working with people today. And for us as software developers, learning what's happening in the world of software is extremely important. If you want to keep your career progressing then you not only need to be good at what you do but you also need to know what's happening out there and keep updated with what's happening in technology. And this is something that you can't learn by reading these papers. Not when you learn by going to college. Because this is a world that moves so fast. The only way to keep updated is by discovering things for yourself. You need to go out and explore and learn stuff. And so for us as software developers, our industry and industry, we need other people who are also doing software as a way of learning from other people. You may think you know something very well, but the only way to do this is by looking at somebody else and saying, what are they doing and are they having ideas that you can learn from. So, what you do is always events of the sort. We do an event every month. This time, right now, we're making events. So, we essentially organize conferences for people in technology to come over and speak about what they're doing. Later this month, we are making an event on location-based services. Next month, we are doing an event on JavaScript. JavaScript is an extremely important language. And Sunil will give us a brief introduction to the event that's happening this month. Sunil, what's your name? What's the name of the event? Well, the first thing is, I'd like to thank RoboSoft for seeing us here for a week. This is the first day we have come here. It's been a great evening. And for the interest, thank you very much. So, for the interest, they will also give you an introduction to RoboSoft and their interest in hosting an event on this side. Thank you. Thanks, Sunil. Hi, everybody. I don't know if you should wait for some more time for others to pour in, but anyway, we'll start this. Get this going. Just to imagine that RoboSoft would host some event of this kind 10 years ago or 15 years ago would have been unimaginable for people who started with the Mac development, device drivers and so on. Now going to the web and saying that, okay, this makes sense. It's a big growth, I think. It's a different, you know, it's a shift in the mindset, I suppose. So, given all that, now that we have moved from, we don't do web kind of an attitude, you know, yeah, that means interesting and active. So, this event today, especially, marks such a beginning, I suppose. So, because, you know, when Haski came and Rohit and Kiran were talking about this event, it just made sense to host something of that kind here, given that we have not engineering colleges in a year. So, given that there are many engineering colleges now and a couple of industries, not quite far away from Ruby. RoboSoft, the most of you are RoboSoftians here, but for those who are not from RoboSoft, as I said earlier, we have been, you know, working on the hardcore, you know, the most layers of back development or even the Windows development thing. Now that, HTML5, CSS, and web is making a impact on the whole of the web, so we just thought that we should host an event that will give a bonus to everyone in and around RoboSoft, Ruby, anyone better. So, that's the reason why we are here today. That's all I don't have much to add, except thing that, you know, we are interested, we are excited and we look forward to exciting talks coming out. I'm also a speaker today, so why don't I welcome Suneen. So, first speaker is Suneen Vaidu. Suneen is from this area. And Suneen Vaidu is in there.


So I got up this morning and I was flooded with some support request on my .files repository on my GitLab and also for the DTOS repositories on GitLab. So people were saying that their Exmoned config file was broken, that Exmoned would no longer recompile correctly. And I had just updated my machine earlier this morning, and Arch Linux has finally moved from Exmoned version 0.15 to 0.17, which 0.17 was released by the Exmoned team late last year. I was wondering if Arch would ever move to 0.17. So I had kind of forgotten about it. I knew this major new release would eventually come to Arch and that it would break my configs. Today was the day. Don't worry though, I was able to rewrite my config files pretty easily to the new version. I'm already building the packages for the Exmoned version for DTOS, as a matter of fact I think the build just finally completed there. And then I'm going to push all of these new Exmoned config files to my .files repository for those using that and to the DTOS core repositories. So if you're on DTOS, just install the latest DTOS-Exmoned package and then go into slashetc slash DTOS slash .exmoned and you will find a new config file that should work for you. Peace guys.


All right, good morning everybody welcome to the sef day and surviving to the final day of open stack always an accomplishment I think we lose about 30% of the people along the way But thank you very much for making it to this early morning session here three of my friends from red hat here I'm gonna talk about Ceph of S which is something we haven't heard a lot about in official talks lately So this is gonna be exciting for me, too So if you guys want to take it away introduce yourselves and and give us the low-down Sure, okay. So texting that works great. So welcome everybody Today we're going to talk about this office or college says The title for presentation is ffs back in official service for multigen and clouds and my name is Victoria martinez electus I'm a support engineer on the open-stack manila project. Hi. I'm Ramana. Raja. I'm a software engineer at red hat I work on integrating surface and Ganesha with Manila I'm Tom baron. I'm a software engineer at red hat works on red hat open-stack. So I'm working on integration and Turning turning this into a red hat open-stack product Okay, so The content for today is split in four sections first. We're going to start with a brief overview of the key components We are going to go over the tools we choose why we chose them Well, maybe say a few words about the latest updates of them Then we are going to to cover the current the state of CFS as an active driver Then we are going into the current the state of CFS NFS driver And we are going to end this talk with a brief discussion on the future work and the working process we have and well Put you on on context of what's our plans for for the next releases So what are we doing here? Right? It's like we have several tools First we are going to talk about Manila Then we're going to talk about well suffer first and find about Ganesha The idea of of these whole presentation You're going to see today is to have any features back with a set with set Storage and have you know consistent access in the cloud through Manila So first let's talk about open stack Manila open stack Manila is the share of assistance service for open stack Basically, what it does is offer a set of pay PIs for you to for tenants to request the system shares It has support for several drivers So some of them are proprietary, but there are also open source options such as this FFS driver Of course and this in the so-called generic driver with its On NFS on Cinder volumes. This is a reference driver. We have And so you will see it mentioned at around as it's that's what it is And when Manila, okay, it's usually more related use case of of this project So first and foremost fail-based applications are not going away If you want to run those kind of workflows on the cloud It is really useful to have a service like Manila to you know, get your shares on demand Apart from that is very useful from the interoperability standpoint since you can you can access different storage systems with the same API Also, we have to mention the rise of containers. That's your super fancy way of putting it But what it is is that everybody is using containers everybody wants containers like usually in this conference You have her container so much so how many times like all the dogs were about containers and We have to remember that the storage in containers is no more than you know a file in a file system This that's the volumes, but basically what it is in in containers war and Finally the concept of permissions That is a very useful concept that we handle in file systems I mean it applies to several use case for you know use current you work loss. You are going to run the cloud Now let's talk about Ceph FS Ceph probably needs no introduction by now But basically it's a free and open source a storage platform that implements an object storage Solution and provides interfaces for the object block on file level storage Let's focus only in that section in the right Ceph FS Ceph FS is a distributed post-ex file system. You have different clients to interact with it The big most basic ones the current client. You also have leave Ceph as Ceph. Sorry, leave Ceph FS and you also can interact with fuse and Yeah, well, that's pretty much it about Ceph FS one you want to say today, so let's move to why Ceph FS Which is I think more important Here we had a graphic that we we got from the user survey that shows that Most of the users of Malilla right now are choosing Ceph FS over other file system solutions I don't want to lie off here like this is the numbers as we see them But I want to maybe know that this was a really small set of people that it was asked It was I think very one users that I'm actually answer the question and maybe it was not there, you know Expected people we wanted to ask for those questions Mostly was developers, but this shows Tendency that we like Ceph FS is being adopted and that's what we expect to see in the coming Releases this is also the same for Cinder in Cinder will you're going to see a really similar Diagram you can access the whole numbers and everything in the link. We have down there So if your cloud already has Ceph Ceph as a storage solution Why you don't leverage Ceph FS for file systems, right? it makes complete sense apart from that it's open source and It makes sense to have your open source a story solution for your open source cloud solution also it provides killable data and made a data and Of course, it's POSIX. So I think it's it made complete sense for those reasons No, let's talk about NFS Ganesha.  It has support for different versions of the NFS server It has a modular architecture. It has a provides applicable file system abstraction layer that allow for various storage backends while including Ceph FS when a cluster of us and It also have another interesting features such as well in Mx4 and Explorer with Divas It can manage huge metadata catches because it's in user level. So it has access to memory in a different way It has it provides simple access for other uses space services such as Kerberos, LDAP, which is pretty useful and Again, it's open source. So for your storage Open source storage for your open source cloud. You have NFS Ganesha for NFS shares, which is also open source and Why NFS Ganesha? Why you are going to use? NFS Ganesha, you have the native driver for Ceph FS. Well If you want NFS backend, sorry, if you want NFS back with an open source storage Technologies, then NFS Ganesha I work for you And if you want to leverage any existing Ceph deployment while keeping your NFS shares because you have already worked While we're using NFS shares, then you can use NFS Ganesha And now I'm going to lead my colleague here Romana to introduce you on the Ceph FS native driver Thanks, Victoria Today I'll talk about the current state of Ceph FS drivers in Manila and how we are evolving into a driver it into a driver That can work in multi-tenant workloads. First up I'll talk about the Ceph FS native driver then move on to Ceph FS NFS driver The Ceph FS native driver was introduced in the Mitaka release. It's been there for a while It works with Ceph versions of Jool or later It creates shares backed by Ceph FS that can be accessed via native Ceph FS protocol So you need Ceph clients in the OpenStack VMs that have direct access to the storage backend So what that means is you get native Ceph FS performance But you know because you have direct you need direct access to the storage back in you need the clients to be Trusted so that makes it useful only for you know certain use cases of private clouds, but not for public clouds You need to keep that in mind. There were bug fixes since the Mitaka release the CI is pretty stable so It can be used by I mean, I think it should be used by upstream developers and testers as their first choice of backend when they're developing Stuff with Manila if they are familiar with Ceph So the numbers don't lie. We can see that Even though this is a building block driver, it has already has a good adoption rate Okay, so later today there's a stock by CERN on how they're using this building block driver. He's right there. So Okay, Ceph FS driver in OpenStack is a control control plane service Like other OpenStack components. You have an OpenStack tenant He issues a HTTP request to create a share and the driver goes to the back end I mean and creates directory Ceph FS directories Which correspond to shares? it sets a quota on it corresponding to the share size and you create those Ceph FS sub directory in unique radars namespaces and After that he the the tenant wants to allow Authorize certain Ceph author IDs access to the share. So what this does this the panel the native driver and the Manila service Authorizes the Ceph author ID to access the share and returns a secret key back Okay, typically the OpenStack user interacts through the horizon GUI So I've taken a snapshot here. You can see that snapshot of the dashboard here You can see the person has created a Ceph share. He's chosen the protocol as Ceph FS is he wants the size of five gigabytes It's been created. It's available Then he gets back a share location, which is a conjugation of Ceph monitor addresses and the directory path after that he would He would ask for certain Ceph author IDs to be given access to the Ceph sub directory And then you get back a secret key knowing all of this he can now mount the share So in the data plane not surprisingly, it's very similar to how you do is Ceph FS only only that you have the Ceph clients running in the OpenStack NOAA VM For Data updates it just goes directly through the OSDs and for metadata updates it goes through NDSS of the Ceph backend services Just reiterating the points because the clients are directly connected to the Ceph public network Though I mean we are kind of dependent on the clients that they be trusted and you rely on just on the native Ceph authentication system there's no single point of failure in the data plane because you just rely on the Ceph server demons and Besides this We worked on getting this working in a you know, not just DevStack, but also in a triple O deployment So work was done to make sure that triple O can deploy the Ceph NDSS But it as Composable roles what that means is you can place it in the Node you want so cam has be taken so that Ceph MDSS Don't affect other services. So you need to be careful about that. You don't want your Ceph MDSS running along with the OSDs Doesn't make sense. So you typically, you know It's better to run it with the Ceph monitor services and and also if you run it with Python services The you know the OpenStack service. So you need to be careful. We don't you know, you don't want them to like affect each other So that that that work was done. The other thing we figured out is how do we do the networking? present super complex so typically you'd have the OpenStack tenants in Sorry, OpenStack VMs in your tenant defined private networks, which are Private namespaces which are not connected to the public You know public network, so you'd have to connect them through the neutron router Which connects to the external provider network and then that's the That's the public network so and then we'd want this tenant VMs to access the storage public network because we need the Ten teams to directly access the Ceph storage network so what you what you can do is have Another nick on the tenant VM that is on the storage provider network. It's easy to set up We have documented that the patches in review. So hopefully the last link It gets merged. There are other links here that you can check later Moving on to the Ceph FS NFS driver. This is a Step towards building something that works in multi-tent workloads It creates shares NFS shares backed by Ceph FS It allows NFS clients in the OpenStack VMs To talk to Ceph FS back in in a more secure way It does not allow direct access to the storage network. The access is mediated. We are NFS Ganesha gateways So that's good the patches are still Still being reviewed upstream, but hope hopefully you can get it in The pike release it works with Ceph Crackin or later and you need the latest version of Ganesha Okay in the control plane, it's similar very similar to the diagram I showed before So the tenant wants to create shares And the native driver creates Ceph FS sub-directories which map to the shares returns the export location back and now instead of authorizing Ceph auth IDs You'd want to authorize certain IPs So what that does is once you send that request the native driver issues Calls to the Ganesha server creates export entries on disk Manipulates them as per whatever The user requested and it sends D bus signals So that a Ganesha is immediately aware of the new access list. You don't have to restart Ganesha So that's very useful Okay in the data plane now you see there's a gateway in between Which is good? the Ceph server divments Do not Introduce a single point of failure, but if you have a single Ganesha gateway Then you know that introduces a single point of failure, which is not good So that is work being done by the NFS Ganesha community to make it HA in an active passive mode first, you know, and then slowly you'd want to do it active active, but that's the first step okay We haven't done this yet, but we kind of figured out how we'd want to do this in triple O We'd we'd create What are this called template he templates to deploy NFS Ganesha wherever you want Again care must be taken to make sure that NFS Ganesha Doesn't affect other services It's in the data plane it might have it is a bottleneck so he so So the deploy needs to make some you know compromises Does he wanted to run along with the mons? MDS is you know, yeah, that's That's up to the deploy Right here for the I mean what we propose at least for the first iteration is run the Ganesha's Ganesha service along with the share service that way Ganesha has All the connection has already is already connected to the CEPH public network the storage network So that's taken care of what we need to make sure is Ganesha is connected to the is accessible to the tent VMs The way we do that is have Ganesha, you know connect to the external provider network Yeah, so We are pretty sure that this works Just that you need to be careful about how you want to have all these services deployed in different nodes With that I let Tom take over. He's going to talk about the future work He'll talk about why you want to Place the NFS Ganesha servers how we want to go about it to you know make it all a complete solution Thanks, Ramana So yeah, I get to talk about where we're going which is somewhat speculative my perspective is as I'm responsible in general with OpenStack and turning cool upstream ideas into a product to a great extent So I'm so I'm interested in making something that Not only we can play with but that we can stand behind with customers and support and right now These are from a Red Hat perspective. We call these tech preview features at the moment So as we're thinking about how to productionize things fully So I mean though my perspective isn't gonna in the isn't the only valid one and So I'll be opinionated Partly in the idea that I'll flush out other opinions and that get get valuable feedback When I talk about what we're doing and where we're going That's our thinking at the moment can shift right and also this is open source project. There's room Much room for parallel efforts a lot of work to do on this front Other people develop something cool. We'll be glad to use it so with that said When we think about that last picture that Ramana showed us Of what we want to do in pike The work that he and his team have done on Cepha fest team to and to that We've done with it to integrate it into Manila is is solid And and that's working out the interesting part That's very interesting stuff. Maybe more interesting stuff But the the critical stuff is to figure out how to deploy it in a way that works From from product perspective. So when we think about that picture, which for pike where we place the NFS Ganesha Gateway on the controller node, which we're doing for various reasons to have more to do with triple O than anything else There's some things to like and some things not to like so as Ramana said We've separated off the user VMs from the CEPH public network, which is a critical first step And we have I'll mention we have pretty good separation of tenants from one another just by neutron these days This didn't used to be true, but neutron security groups work well and EB tables will prevent stuff in stuff in the typical OBS and so on will will stop the art poisoning attacks and stuff that people worried about before And when we talk about stuff that public network, this isn't out in the world or anything. This is the you know, what one of the This is your public network within OpenStack But things we don't like here is we have a poor man's ha for Ganesha Which is part of the reason we put it on on the controller node right now because we have other services under there under PCS Coral Sync control and we can do the same thing without yet having the NFS Ganesha work that we're relying on in the future for That Ramana alluded to by using just hooking it into the HA failover there We have but it's a relatively slow failover We reload the exports from the Manila database rather than sharing state between multiple Ganesha servers and so on So it's something we can do now And the other ass thing I don't really like is we've really mixed control plane and data plane functions that control controller notice for putting control plane functions And we put a Ganesha Service which is in the data plane on there We want to be able to place and scale data plane services with data plane resources and data plane load So this is an interim step What we expect to be able to do for pike As Ramana mentioned we had to be kind of careful Ganesha can be resource hungry We may have some isolation issues Noisy neighbor type issues and so on that we need to work with but it's a step And it's out there it's going to be in there and pike and and people can use it and play with it Give us feedback fix things themselves and so on now. Where do we want to go? We want to if you have an opportunity. I have references at the end There's a talk by sage while if you haven't seen it from the Tokyo open stack summit on It's got the word containers in it, but it's got Manila and stuff in it There's a talk by John spray from the Austin summit on Manila and stuff FS on which both of the they give this target, which is there's an address family besok address family which is There's a paper from Stefan at the end you can read all about it But basically what instead of putting in FS over TCP We put it over AFV sock which and Deliver through the in it through a Ganesha gateway. It's the way we're thinking now deliver shares into a Kimu hypervisor Okay, and then from there to the tenant so when you look at this picture There's a top half and a bottom half and the north half of it. I mean the picture is similar Otherwise, but we've moved the Ganesha servers over onto the compute nodes With the with the with the clients that they're serving and they're serving up through the hypervisor Ganesha is still involved in the path Okay, and this is this is a you can read all about it and learn more about it in the references at the end but The critical things about this is there's a lot to like and this is where we want to go eventually Okay, we still got user VM separated off from the stuff Public network. We still have a good tenant storage path separation now We don't even have neutron involved in that it's all done through the hypervisor There's no shared network involved the resource demands for Ganesha Have no control plane impact. We're over on the compute nodes. They scale And this is critical thing for me. They scale proportional to the compute demand Okay, so we're putting one per controller. We have and Consumers per controller. We have when I add more consumers. We add more controllers So that we'll add a Ganesha server at the same time that So we're not not doing it by some control plane thing We don't need that PCS coral sink Machinery from the drill plane that we're trying to move off of in open stack in general and We don't have dependencies on neutron or l2 switching now Critical observation for me is that the consumers of a mount are in the same ha same hardware Failure domain as the server Okay, and this little Picture I want to keep that as we move forward. What's that mean? That means unplanned outages at least and actually in this case. I think even migrations If the server goes away because of a hardware failure Its consumers are also gone. So that greatly simplifies a lot of the ha issues There's a bunch of dependencies getting from here to there We can talk about it more. I know it's a long subject but what it means is that we're not in Accepting perhaps the most optimistic of scenarios going to have this ready for Queens So what do we want to do in the meantime? One of the possibilities that has to be considered is that we leverage the manila Service module which is Server instance module which is used by the Windows driver and used by the generic driver that Victoria alluded to to Basically What we would do is put Ganesha in what they call share servers which are administratively run Service virtual machines. They would beat gateway We would still have them on compute nodes, but they're spun up dynamically by manila Okay, and they This is a model that's well understood in in the manila community If you see the buzzword DHSS sequel true for driver handle share servers and so on we're talking about that So people say well, why don't you do that with Seth? Seth FFs. Okay It gives you good Isolation of VMs from the Seth public network and it gives you a good isolation of tenants from one another But here's what I don't like about it at least it's very expensive heavyweight approach for tenant isolation because you make a service VM One or more if you were ever to do HA it doesn't supply HA right now So we'd have to build that per tenant I'm in the RDO cloud the other day. Guess what? I have my own tenant project just like in a Unix machine. You might be user for T baron a group T baron There's project T baron So there are at least as many projects as users in that cloud Which is mean that in order if they were all consuming NFS I would need at least as many service VMs as users in that cloud It's not the only way to build a cloud a lot of them have fewer numbers of projects It's one extreme of the of the spectrum But it doesn't this does not scale well with it in the scaling doesn't fit with the actual demand on the on the computer It puts a single part of failure and the data path unless we go and do the work to build HA for it because that's not in There the solution right now involves playing with open b-switch or Linux bridge in order to stitch things together to make that The lines on the diagram previous diagram work, you know from the service VMs into the tenants Guess what? Open b-switch and Linux bridge aren't the only switching technologies in town We would need to write plug-ins for everything that we could possibly support, you know so I'll skip some of the other stuff, but I can anybody wants to talk about this The reasons I don't like the solution for us for what we're doing. It's fine for us a reference driver We can go into it more, but it's ignorant of It was the code is written a while ago It doesn't know about L3 HA. It doesn't know about distributed virtual routing There's a lot of work to do to make this work as a production quality thing So what we thought we could do for Queens is take some of the good stuff from move in the right direction You know towards the hypervisor mediated solution even though we don't have all that yet So we want to move the connection servers over to the compute nodes one perfume commute compute note Keep the failure domain stuff that I talked about before But we will still rely on connecting through neutron network through the external provider network So the bottom half of this picture is like what Romana had earlier And this will move us towards the direction while we work in parallel to get the BSOC stuff ready post coins most likely The big challenge I listed the things I like and I decided I'm against the similar similar stuff a lot of it We get to carry over from the BSOC solution But what we have to work out is we we only rely right now on convention and information To say that you're going to use the export server from your compute road rather than from another So we have to figure out a way to through documentation communication tool building I've toyed with the idea of using figuring out how to do IPv4 link local addressing But I want to figure out a way to as best as possible Get the kind of thing you have in BSOC where the consumer of the mount is on the same node as the provider It may be a matter of education and just telling people use that export rather than others So that's what we've got to figure out here a bunch of references for your leisure reading that are I encourage you to read In particular the first and third or the talks I talked about if you want to see get a feel for the BSOC solution Want to thank all the teams that one of the one of the really fun things about working in this project for me is we've I work on the open stack team as does Victoria and we've gotten to know a fair number of the people on this FFS team here And now starting on the NFS connexia team. It really rocks to get to to do this and work with people on this kind of thing So with that I think we can take questions Yeah, thanks. Oh and would you make sure and use mics if you have questions or comments? Because this is being recorded Hi, I like to talk, but I have a question It seems like there's a lot of extra complexity in deploying NFS connexia here as opposed to Fixing the kind of support for multi-tenancy in core CEPFS. Are there thoughts about avoiding this extra layer and Fixing CEPFS to support multi-tenancy and security in a better way more natively Might be a sage question I would ask Rick Wheeler. What do you think about that? I'm probably joking. I am joking One thing though, it seems just speaking off hand My thought is it'd be a fine thing to do and a great thing to do and when it's done then perhaps we As a downstream provider of a distro I'd be more inclined to say this is something we feel like we could just have anybody's support as opposed to just Sophisticated people at CERN or something like that that we could support anybody on that and you know if we had that kind of protection Of course, I'm over on the open stack side So I would look to The CEPFS developers to build that now that said another thought though is an NFS is a pretty Ubiquitous and well understood protocol. So we need to do that independently anyway We have people out there who understand NFS Then NFS 4.1 is pretty awesome avoid 4.0 and please don't use it and There's just a lot of the market that we would be serving that wants NFS as well So I think we having both would be great right and you know, I do agree just to kind of answer my own question I mean NFS has an interesting role for people who don't have CEPFS natively baked into their image That I think is the the longer-term thing that you're kind of alluding to even Windows clients have it The other thing I suggest thinking about more is PNFS You know when you have PNFS support because then you split the control plane and data plane from you know Metadata updates versus data flow. So that'll be maybe more interesting as well Yeah, and we have As some of you will know you will see people here Well known in the NFS world working working on this stuff You know Colonel maintainers for NFS and so on so we get to work with some really great people on this stuff Guys great talk. I love it Have you done any so do you know like how much CPU memory network I would require for NFS Ganesha service Like if you have anything numbers I mean, I'm not aware of it, but I'm sure they've been testing it with the rados gateway. Sorry I don't know I can test it and I think that's something we need to do And we've alluded to the fact that there could be noisy neighbor problems and so on because it could use a lot Right is it's really good at caching so other people know more about it to this than me But I would I would say it stands to reason that it could consume a fair amount of memory and we may Even if we don't need go with the service VM per tenant type model Want to run it in a VM or a container or something to help? manage or you know just see groups Do something to to control how much of a server it run? How much of a compute server it uses up if you're going to also run? Compute VMs on it So there was work going on Cephophas does its own caching and NFS Ganesha also does some caching So we try turning off some of Ganesha's caching caching sorry attribute caching and then take caching So we are looking to that as well, you know optimizing that but that's still early days So Rick has already paved the path for my questioning so I want you know, what's the scope of multiple Cephophas file systems So that another way to achieve multi-tenancy would be to create a separate Cephophas file system And then totally avoid Ganesha or NFS or anything like that. I think Yeah, that's one of the ideas we had. I mean that's in the works multiple Cephophas It's being developed. I think it's still Experimental even upstream Right now for luminous, I think sage will update you It's more about getting active active MDS working first and then we'll think about multiple Cephophas But we have thought about that. Yeah So another question with regards to NFS, right? So there's an NFS server which is inside the kernel as well And if someone wants to use the Cephophas kernel module will this work with the NFS server Which is already in the kernel set or using the user space Ganesha version you can use the manila driver for that Yeah, but Yes, it could be done And in fact if you look at some of the earlier slides from sage and so on It's doesn't say definitively, but it suggests that that be done I think you'll work with Ganesha right now is more agile than working in user space for one thing there's also Wait waiting waiting on kernel things to get ready and be Perfect is not the quickest way forward in our timeline. Could it happen eventually and might there be a bit better advantages? Yes, we can see there are a lot of advantages to using Ganesha for for for You know high read workloads and stuff like that anyway given the way it's good does caches Okay, and the last question on the same trend is what's the state of support for multiple MDS servers for the Cephophas? Yeah, yeah, I think I think sage would You know can give you a better picture, but yeah since I work in the Cephophas team I can tell you that There was at wall talk. There was this Talk by Patrick Donnelly where we are characterizing how it how active active MDS works What we figured that the dynamic load balancer, which you know balances the metadata. It's not working as Well as if you want it to be so So right now I think the idea is to have To give the admins the capability to like, you know, manually pin certain sub trees to certain MDS So, yeah, but but it is showing up. It's just not, you know in in luminous here You're gonna have active active. Yeah, yeah, not balanced. Ideally yet. Okay. Thank you. Is that accurate bit? Yeah I don't think that's what they told me Arna. Thanks a lot for the nice presentation I've a couple of comments actually not so much questions. So everybody go to his presentation on CERN later Yeah, if you don't like have left ready, it's like almost the last presentation of the conference For the mighty MDS we were looking to this that this actually is done I'm just said it's it's showing up. It seems to be working. Okay from what we see That's actually pretty cool for the NFS versus CEPFS thing. So for It's actually pretty important to have NFS support on top of NFS because they're on top of CEPFS because many users are these for us They are pretty conservative and they know NFS very well So if you have CEPFS as a back end and NFS as a front end that actually helps with the the adoption They're also like products that require you to have an NFS file system for Oriental licensing issue. So that's that's pretty important one thing about the service For the Ganesha service and where it should be on the controller or on the hypervisor or service. Yeah, you said that You don't like it so much that there's an additional service VM that will be spawned up to do this Actually, I don't think that's necessarily a bad idea For a couple of reasons. So one is that if you put it on the hypervisor itself The hypervisor may be designed in a way that if you put the VMs there, there's very little resources left For something to run on the hypervisor in addition, right? And if you have something where you're not really sure how much CPU it uses or how much memory it uses It's actually pretty Risky to put something to put something there and as soon as you have one user there that actually does NFS, it affects everyone else because then you run out of memory or CPU or something So why we just we could finish so why for other services like sorry For other services, we do the same thing So for instance, we have a we have a magnet service where people create virtual machines in order to have a magnet cluster where they run Kubernetes on top for instance, and they they don't get a centrally managed Magnum cluster they have to take this out of their own resources similar to what you would have if you would spawn off a Service VM. So if you have tenants that are like big enough, you don't need like many Ganesha service in there, right? It's like one VM that you have in your tenant where you may have like hundreds of VM So I think the idea is actually not too bad and that's a great clarification My concern is less with it being a service VM rather than a native process Than with doing one per tenant Is that scaling concerns the bigger thing and in fact? I did kind of as an side say and we may want to contain the resources via See groups or a container or a service VM to do that. So I thank you So completely unrelated to your talk so any work going on sips or SMB do you know? SMB support for CFS. Yes, I think in the CI we have tests running, but I don't know if there's a Active development, but there are tests Running and I don't know that there are issues with SMB that we figured out. Yeah, I want to improve that and from a product perspective we Observe more people asking for NFS with Cephs back end right now. So if there are people who are very interested in CIF service from that That's valuable information. A lot of this is part of the reason we do this kind of thing is to get feedback and hear from people So, you know talk to us Unfortunately that is the end of the time. We're gonna have to cut it off Okay, thank you, but thank you everybody for coming and thank you very much for a great talk


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Russian officer revealed the facts of the terrible torture of Wagner group against Russian soldiers. Lieutenant Colonel Roman Venevitin, commander of Russia's 72nd Motorized Rifle Brigade, who had previously been taken prisoner by the Wagner Private Military Company, claimed he had been tortured by the mercenaries and detailed the regular kidnappings of Russian soldiers. According to Venevitin, tensions between the Wagner and his brigade began from the first days of their deployment to the combat zone. He said that the mercenaries from the Wagner provoked the fighters into conflict, issued death threats and stole military hardware, deeming them war trophies. Our fighters were kidnapped and were then tortured. For example, one soldier was kept in a cold cellar. Acid was sprayed in his eyes. He lost his sight for a while. They poured gasoline over him and threatened to set him on fire with a lighter. In April and May, the unit discussed an outrageous case in which one of our soldiers was beaten and severely humiliated and he committed suicide out of despair. There were cases when fighters were kidnapped and tried to trade them for ammunition, forced to work as warehouse men for the killed and wounded, used simply as laborers like slaves. There were cases when my fighters were taken, forced to sign contracts with the Wagner group, thereby weakening the flanks in Wachmutt and my defences. These cases happened. They're documented, he said, according to Insider Edition. Venevitin also described the details of his capture by the mercenaries. How did my captivity occur? I was making a round of my units, being the commander of the brigade and the Wagner blocked my way. There was no legal or other basis for this. I wasn't going to tolerate it as a military officer. I obey my commander, the commander of the 3rd Army Corps and the group commander. As a result, the Wagner group personnel were disarmed. It would be strange to expect otherwise, since we're in my area of responsibility, my brigade. I was then captured, held in a basement and abused. Even angry and embittered Russian soldiers wouldn't abuse Ukrainian prisoners like this. I was beaten, not allowed to sleep, dragged out of the basement three times a night. They even tried to shoot me. And after that, Yevgeny Prigozin claims that I was detained for investigative actions. The video of my interrogation that you shared is the result of pressure and coercion. That's all.


I'm in an English side pull today, just something that I've been playing around with lately. I ride horses quite a lot in halters and hack-a-mores as well as bits, but I really prefer in the winter time to get the bit out of their mouth once in a while. It's kind of a nice thing for the horse. Give them a break.