A very good evening aspirants. Welcome to the hindi news analysis by Shankar IAS Academy for the date 28th February 2021. These are the list of news articles chosen for today's analysis. It has been provided along with page numbers of different editions of hindi newspaper. Now let us start our discussion with this first news article which is about snow leopard. The news is that a study by wildlife officials and the nature conservation foundation has reported that Himachal Pradesh is home to 73 big cats of this species. And this is the first snow leopards count done in a scientific manner in our country and this is done as part of snow leopard enumeration project and it was started in 2018. Now this study has found that in Himachal Pradesh the snow leopard's habitat covers a greater part of the districts of Lahol, Spiti and Kinnore and it was also found that its potential habitat also extends into the upper regions of the districts of Shimla, Kullu, Chamba and Kangra. Additionally the study also observed that local communities are the strongest allies in conservation of this species. So in this regard let us know some facts about snow leopards. First note that its scientific name is Pantera Anseya. Now this species is extant in Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. And particularly in India snow leopards are found in high altitude cold mountainous regions. They are found in the mountainous areas at elevations from 540 meters to even more than 5000 meters. In India we can see snow leopard in six regions in the Himalayan region and these regions are Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. Also note that snow leopard is the flagship species of conservation in the Indian Himalayas. See a flagship species is a species that is selected to act as an ambassador or an icon for the defined habitat. This is to campaign with respect to environmental cause. Now the conservation of this flagship species improves the status of many other species which share the same habitat that of the flagship species. Now let us see some of its characteristics. The snow leopard is most active at dawn and dusk. Also note that it is the apex predator of its ecosystems and therefore it sits at the top of the food web. Thus it is also the top predator of the Indian Himalaya. Also note that the primary wild angulate prey of snow leopards are blue sheep and ibex. Angulate means hoofed animals and the study which was conducted in Himachal Pradesh found that the density of snow leopard population was positively correlated with the wild prey density. So this indicates that higher wild prey density correspond to higher snow leopard densities. So if blue sheep and ibex are also conserved along with snow leopards then snow leopard populations will increase further. So now let us see the conservation status of this animal. First note that this snow leopard species is threatened with extinction. So in India snow leopard is protected under Schedule 1 of pilot protection Act of 1972 and at the global level it is listed in Appendix 1 of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. Further it is also listed in Appendix 1 of the Convention on Migratory Species. It is because snow leopards move to different altitudes along with the summer and winter migrations of their prey animals. Since they also migrate they are listed in Appendix 1 of CMS. Further IUCN Red List has listed this species as vulnerable but note that before 2017 this species was listed in Endangered Category. So now with conservation efforts its population is slowly increasing. So these are some of the points that I should know about snow leopards. Now let us move on to the next discussion. This discussion is based on this FAQ article which is about the recently announced IT rules of 2021 that is Information Technology Guidelines for Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code Rules of 2021. So let us discuss in detail about these rules and the issues associated with it. The syllabus relevant to this discussion is given here for your reference. First note that these rules are framed under the Information Technology Act of 2011 and these rules superseded the earlier IT rules of 2011 that is the Information Technology Intermediary Guidelines rules of 2011. Now these new rules seeks to provide a grievance redressal mechanism for users of digital platforms of all kinds. Now this includes social media sites, messaging apps, over the top streaming services and digital news publishers also. Now regarding these rules, Centre has noted that the rules are a fine blend of liberal touch with gentle self-regulatory framework. It is because these rules works on the existing laws and statutes of the country which are applicable to the content whether online content or offline content. For example, if you take one of the provisions in the rules which is about news and current affairs publishers it mentions that the news and current affairs publishers are expected to follow the journalistic conduct of Press Council of India and then they have to also follow the program code under the Cable Television Network Act. Now these are already applicable to the print media and the television and hence we can say that now it is also applicable to online news and current affairs publishers. So these rules ensures only a level playing field which is the argument put forward by the Centre. Now the rules are expected to empower the ordinary users of digital platforms to seek redressal for their grievances and the users can also command accountability in case of infringement of their rights. So now what is the background or what is the context in which these rules have been framed? It is based on a 2018 judgment of Supreme Court in which Supreme Court has observed that Centre may frame necessary guidelines to eliminate child pornography, rape and gang rape imageries, videos and sites which are present in the content hosting platforms and other applications. So based on this in 2020 that is about the Centre formed an ad hoc committee for this purpose which studied the alarming issue of pornography on social media. So after this study this ad hoc committee recommended for enabling identification of the first originator of such pornographic contents in the social media. Apart from this recently we also discussed about the issues between the government and the Twitter which we discussed in the beginning of this month and these issues were regarding the government order to block several hashtags and accounts in Twitter stating that these tweets were provocative and fake. So based on this government has to block certain contents in Twitter but this has been seriously criticized by the civil societies. So in this regard these new rules are expected to pave a new way for managing the contents which are available online and offline. So in this regard let us discuss some important provisions of these rules. First note that the part two of these rules shall be administered by the Minister of Electronics and Information Technology and the part three shall be administered by the Minister of Information and Broadcasting. In this the part two is related to due diligence by intermediaries and grievance addressal mechanism. So when you say due diligence it means taking reasonable steps to avoid committing of an offense and part three is related to the code of ethics and procedure and safeguards in relation to the digital media. Now under the rules the intermediaries are expected to constitute certain offices. For example now the platforms like Google or Facebook or intermediaries will have to establish a grievance addressal mechanism for receiving and resolving the complaints from the users or victims. So for this purpose they have to appoint a grievance officer to deal with such complaints and they have to share the name and contact details of such officer. Now this grievance officer has to acknowledge the complaint within 24 hours and have to resolve it within 15 days from the receipt of that complaint. Then secondly they have to also appoint a chief compliance officer and this officer will be responsible for ensuring compliance with the IT Act and rules and such a person who will be appointed as chief compliance officer should be a resident in India. Then thirdly they have to also appoint a nodal contact person and this person will be for 24 into 7 coordination with the law enforcement agencies and such a person should also be a resident in India. Now in addition to appointing of these officers the intermediaries are also required to publish a monthly compliance report and this report should mention the details of complaints that were received and the action taken on such complaints. Then most importantly there is a provision for the identification of the first originator of the information according to which the significant social media intermediaries who are providing messaging services they have to enable identification of the first originator of the information and this shall be applicable for the purposes of prevention, investigation and prosecution etc. of an offense and such an offense should be related to sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states etc. Next comes the digital publishers of news and current affairs as well as video streaming services. Now for them an identical three-tier structure for Gravans Redressal has been mandated by the rules. Now these three levels are first self-regulation by the publishers themselves then second self-regulation by the self-regulating bodies of those publishers and then finally an oversight mechanism and as we already saw the publishers of news on digital media have to observe the norms of journalistic conduct of the press council of India and they have to also follow the program code under the Cable Television Networks Regulation Act. So what they have to do in particular for example the platform should be required to implement the parental locks for content which are classified as U bar A13 plus or higher. See as you know the central board of film certification in India certifies the films and it provides different categories of certificates for the films. For example U certificate is offered it means unrestricted public exhibition and when A certificate is provided for a film it means it is restricted to the adult audiences only and there are also other types of certificates and among them is U bar A or simply UA which means unrestricted public exhibition subject to the parental guidance for children below the age of 12 and that is also another certificate which is S certificate. This means it is restricted to specialized audiences such as doctors or scientists. So now the rules state that the platforms would be required to implement parental locks for content which are classified as U bar A13 plus and in addition to this they have to also establish a reliable age verification mechanism for the contents which are classified as A. Now based on these provisions the author of this FAQ article has mentioned that the 2021 rules are tighter than the 2011 rules which it replaced. For example the present rules also regulate the digital news publishers and streaming services which was not done in the 2011 rules. So in this regard many criticisms have been raised against the rules. Let us see what are these criticisms. See we have discussed about the three level grievance redressal mechanism. Now the criticism is that now this will necessitate oversight or supervision by a government committee at the highest level. So any grievance that does not get satisfactorily solved at the self regulatory levels they will get escalated to the government panel and this has been criticized as excessive government control over the digital news and OTT content. Now the next criticism is with respect to the identification of first originator. Now the rules clearly mentions that in complying with an order for identification of the first originator no significant social media intermediary shall be required to disclose the contents of any electronic message or any other information related to the first originator or any other information related to its other users. See even though the rules state this the author is of the opinion that even then the government has the powers under the 2009 IT rules which enables the government to make demands for the content of messages. So that means the things which are not mandated by these rules are already mandated by other rules. So in one way or the other government can get what it wants. So that is why the rules have been criticized for increasing the potential of government for censorship and surveillance. So this was about this FAQ article. Now there is another news article which is related to this only which talks about another issue regarding the rules. See there is a significant provision in the 2021 rules which is related to blocking of information in case of emergency. Now the rules say that in case of an emergency nature the authorized officer shall examine the relevant content and consider whether it is necessary or expedient and justifiable to block such information or not. And this has to be done without any delay. And further in case of an emergency the secretary of Ministry of Information Broadcasting may block such content if the secretary is satisfied that it is necessary and justifiable for blocking for public access of any information. So here the involvement of Secretary of Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has been widely criticized. And for this the Information and Broadcasting Ministry has mentioned that this provision is not a completely new provision. Here the government is arguing that a similar power is already being exercised by the Secretary of Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology under the 2009 rules. See under the 2009 rules the Secretary of Department of Information Technology which is under the Ministry of Information Technology can give directions for blocking of any information from public access if she deems necessary. So a similar power is now given to the Secretary of Information and Broadcasting also. So based on this government is arguing that already there is government control regarding these issues. Now this has been also extended to another ministry only. But we can see that this is just excessive government control over the digital news and OTT contents. So we can say that next to the farm laws these rules are being widely criticized. Let us wait and see what happens next. So from this discussion you can take note of the important provisions of these new IT rules and the issues in these IT rules. Now let's move on to the next discussion. Now this news article talks about Channa Patna toys. The news is that our Prime Minister has asked the Channa Patna toy makers to explore the possibility of e-marketing. He has suggested that artisans should make use of the advanced technology to popularize their toys across the world and they should also use the information technology workforce for this purpose. So in this regard let us know about the Channa Patna toys. These are the world famous wooden toys and carvings and they are produced at Channa Patna. Channa Patna is a small town near Bengaluru in Karnataka and this toy making dates back to the beginning of 20th century. Thus it is a 200 years old craft. So the Channa Patna toys and dolls are made of lacquer. Lacquer is a liquid that is used to coat wooden articles. So these toys are of different colors with distinctive brightness and they are done on the showcases of people. Now the raw material used for making these toys is hail wood which is very soft and light in weight and it is grown near Channa Patna. Now according to the reports of the local craftsmen the pioneer of this craft is Baba Sahib Meen Sahib and note that currently this is a small scale industry that manufactures large quantity of articles such as miniature imitations of toys representing birds, fruits, animals and they also produce agarbatti stands, ink stands, paint holder etc. And based on its importance, Channa Patna toys was given GA tag that is geographical indication tag in the year 2006 and this was renewed in 2015 and currently it is valid up to 2026. So these are some of the points that you should know about Channa Patna toys. Now let's move on to the next discussion. Now our next discussion is based on this news article which is quite scientific and it is named as Genetic Lego. Say as you know Lego toys are known for their rearrangement as they provide multiple options to create a toy of our choice. So we can combine these Legos and we can form a new toy. So like these Lego blocks which can be rearranged the news article says that genetic elements can also be shuffled to form new genes. See researchers have found that the jumping genes or transposons were added to the genetic mix during the evolution to create new genes and these were created through a process called as exon shuffling. So now let us see what are these jumping genes or transposons. See these are a class of genetic elements that can jump to different locations within a genome. As you know a genome is an organism's complete set of genetic instructions and each genome contains all the information needed to build that organism and to allow it to grow and develop. So as you can see in this picture how from DNA A a transposon is jumping to DNA B and how it gets inserted into DNA B. So it is clear that a transposon can jump from one DNA to other to form a different type of gene. Now although transposons are frequently called jumping genes they are always maintained in an integrated site in the genome. Additionally most transposons eventually become inactive also and they no longer move. So now let's come to exon shuffling. So what does it mean? Now before that you should note that there are nucleotide sequences within a gene which are termed as introns and exons. See an exon is the portion of a gene that codes for amino acids. Now in the cells of plants and animals most gene sequences are broken up by one or more DNA sequences called as introns. Now the parts of the gene sequence that are expressed in the protein are called as exons because they are expressed but the parts of the gene sequence that are not expressed in the protein are called introns because they come in between or they interfere with the exons as you can see in this picture. So what is this exon shuffling? It is a molecular mechanism for the formation of new genes where two or more exons from different genes are recombined between introns and they yield rearranged genes with altered functions. Now there are different mechanisms for exon shuffling such as transposon mediated exon shuffling crossover during sexual recombination of parental genomes and also illegitimate recombination. Now when there's the exon shuffling through transposons the exons from the different genes are brought together to create a new gene. Now in this process transposons are added which provide us with multiple options to create different types of genes like how we can do with a Lego and that is why this news article has been titled as Genetic Lego. So just remember these scientific terms and what they actually mean this will help you in your problems examination. Now let's move on to the next discussion. Now our next discussion is based on this FAQ article which talks about engine failures in aircrafts and this FAQ article has been written in the context that recently a Boeing 777 aircraft of United Airlines had suffered an apparently contained engine failure and this happened shortly after the takeoff when the flight had just departed and was in the initial climb phase the inlet of one of the turbofan engine got separated from the engine and this engine was made by a company known as Pratt & Whitney but luckily since it was a contained engine failure disaster was avoided from taking place. So in this context let us briefly understand what are the different types of engine failures and how common they are. The syllabus that is relevant to this discussion is given here for your reference. See first you should know the engines that are used by aircrafts which is the turbine engines. So what are turbine engines? It is a container with a hole in the back end that is the tailpipe or nozzle and this hole is to let the air inside the container to escape and thus to provide propulsion or thrust and inside this container is turbo machinery to keep the container full of air under constant pressure and in this regard there are different types of turbo engines. They are turbojet engine, turbo prop engine, turbo fan engine, turbo shaft engine etc and our today's modern airplanes are powered by turbofan engines. It is to be noted that these engines are quite reliable because they provide years of trouble free service. But due to this trouble free service there are very rare events of turbofan engine malfunctions which is actually an appreciable thing but this has resulted in the limitations of simulating those malfunctions that is they couldn't generate computer model depicting these malfunctions and because of this many flight crews have felt unprepared to diagnose such engine malfunctions that have so far occurred and this is a serious issue because if the crew is unable to manage the engine malfunctions then it could lead to a serious disaster. So now what are the different kinds of engine failure? Even in the beginning we saw that the Boeing aircraft suffered a contained engine failure. So this is one type that is contained and the other type is uncontained engine failure. So now what is contained failure? See turbine engine failures are most often contained here this term means that even if components of the engine disintegrate or separate inside the engine they either safely remain within the engine case or they exit the engine via the tailpipe as intended by the engineers of the aircraft because they have set up this tailpipe for this purpose. And here it is to be noted that this is a standard design feature of all turbine engines. So here the desired outcome is that the failure of a single engine on a multi-engine aircraft will not present an immediate risk to the safety of the occupants or it shouldn't pose a risk to the aircraft. But still there are certain risks involved in this. The risks depend on the sizable pieces of ejected debris from the tailpipe because it may present a hazard to the persons on the ground because once it is ejected from the tailpipe of the aircraft it will fall to the ground only. Now the second type of engine failure is the uncontained engine failure and uncontained engine failure is likely to be a violent one and it can be much more serious because engine debris exits the tailpipe at high speeds in other directions. So this poses a potential danger to the pressurized aircraft structure. It poses a danger to the adjacent engines. It poses a danger to the integrity of the flight control systems and also possibly it might affect the aircraft occupants that is the passengers and the crew members. So in this regard let us also know how common is engine failure in an aircraft. See there have been many events of engine failures as mentioned in this FAQ article. For example if you take two days before that is February 26 also an incident of engine failure happened in a flight which was on the Hong Kong Moscow Madrid sector and this incident happened again in a Boeing 777 flight. The issue was that this flight had an engine electronic control issue in one of its general electric engines while it was about to land. Then in January 2020 an indigo flight suffered engine failure mid-air. This is much more dangerous and in this regard more than 20 such cases have happened with indigo since 2018. So like this there have been many incidents of engine failures so that means proper regulatory measures are needed to take care of this. And now since the recent Boeing 777 aircraft of United Airlines which suffered a contained engine failure was flying from Denver to Honolulu in Hawaii the US administration has decided to take immediate inspections that is the Federal Aviation Administration of USA has issued an Emergency Airworthiness Directive that would need immediate or enhanced inspections of these Boeing 777s and especially those Boeing 777s with certain Pratt & Whitney engine variants. Now this is important because so far Japan, New Zealand and even the United Kingdom have stopped operators which are using Boeing 777 with this engine variant particularly from entering their airspace and one of the reasons as we can see is because of the engine failure. So let us wait and see whether even the US administration takes the same decision as that of Japan, New Zealand and United Kingdom. So these are some of the points that you should know about this FAQ article now let's move on to the next discussion. Our next discussion is based on this news article which talks about Actical Pungala Festival. The news article mentions that this festival of Kerala is affected because of the pandemic. So what is this festival? See this is a festival of Kerala that is held in the Attical Temple of Tiruvanandapuram. It is the largest congregation of women for a festival in the world. Now in this Pungala means to boil over. See this denotes a ritual in which women prepare sweet payasam that is a sweet pudding that is made from rice, jaggery, coconut all are cooked together and then this Pungala is offered to Goddess that is the Attical Bhavadi of this temple. Now this is done as a gesture of praise by the ladies and this ritual can only be performed by women. Additionally this festival also commemorates the victory of good over evil and it is a 10-day-long celebration and also note that the Goddess is fondly referred to us at Kalama and it is said that the Goddess is satisfied by this ritual and during the time of this festival the streets of the city are known to be jam-packed with faithful devotees and as we saw already it is the largest religious gathering of women which brings together women of all caste, religion and color and in the recent times the number of devotees has increased to the point that it has been recorded in the Guinness World Book of Records that is it is appreciated in the Guinness Book of World Records for hosting the largest gathering of women for the religious purpose. But today's news is that due to the pandemic rather than celebrating the festival in the temple and near the temple now people are celebrating the festival at their homes. So these are some of the points that I should note about this festival. Now let's move on to the next discussion. Now this discussion is based on this news article which talks about the launch of PSLBC 51 from the Satish Dhawan Space Research Center at Shri Hari Kota and this PSLBC 51 carries Amazonia 1 and 18 other satellites. So in this discussion let us see about PSLV and also about Amazonia and about some satellites in this mission. The syllabus that is relevant to this discussion is given here for your reference. First let us see about PSLV. PSLV stands for Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. So what is a launch vehicle? Launch vehicle or launchers they help in carrying spacecraft to the space. Now this PSLV is a third generation launch vehicle of India. The first two generations are satellite launch vehicle and then augmented satellite launch vehicle. Now here note that PSLV is the first Indian launch vehicle to be equipped with liquid stages that is it uses liquid propellants and note that totally it has got four stages and PSLV's first successful launch was in October 1994 and after that it has emerged as the reliable launch vehicle of India. Now PSLV has earned its title as the work horse of ISRO through its consistent delivering of various satellites to low earth orbits and this includes the Indian remote sensing satellites also which were successfully launched into the polar sun synchronous orbit. Now note that PSLV has got the potential to carry up to 1050 kilograms of payload to the sun synchronous polar orbits of 600 kilometer altitude. Now due to its unmatched reliability PSLV has also been used to launch various satellites into geosynchronous orbits and geostationary orbits. So in this regard only now PSLV C-51 has been launched today successfully and this mission is ISRO's first launch mission for the current year of 2021. Now under this mission PSLV C-51 will be launching Amazonia 1 as the primary satellite along with 18 other co-passenger satellites from ISRO Space Research Center at Shiharikota. Now this PSLV C-51 uses DL variant of PSLV which means that it is equipped with two solid strap-on boosters. See strap-on boosters are rocket motors that are mounted around the first stage of a launch vehicle to provide extra thrust at lift-off and during the first few minutes of the ascent. So this variant of PSLV has got two solid strap-on boosters. I note that this is the third flight of the PSLV DL variant and most importantly this mission is the first dedicated PSLV commercial mission for New Space India Limited. As you know New Space India Limited is a government of India Company under the Department of Space. Now let's come to Amazonia 1. It is a satellite of Brazil. It is an optical earth observation satellite and it belongs to the National Institute for Space Research of Brazil and this is the first satellite to be completely designed integrated tested and operated by this institute. Now this mission is expected to strengthen the existing structure by providing remote sensing data to users for monitoring deforestation in amazon region and it will be also used for the analysis of diversified agriculture across the brazilian territory. I note that this satellite consists of an optical earth observation payload which has a wide field imaging camera and the satellite is powered by lithium ion batteries and also two solar arrays or combined solar panels having three panels on each side. Further this satellite also uses a hydrazine propulsion system and the expected mission life of the satellite is said to be above four years. Now along with Amazonia 1 there are 18 co-passenger satellites also and these include SG-SAT which is Satish Daven Sat. It is built by Space Kids India. It is a nano-satellite intended to study the radiation levels or space weather and it aims to demonstrate the long range communication technology. The next satellite is the Unity satellite. It is a combination of three satellites that was designed and built as a joint development by three colleges and this satellite is intended for providing radio relay services. Now apart from these satellites the mission has also got two satellites named Sindhu Netra from India and then SAI-1 NanoConnect 2 from USA. Now both these satellites aims at technology demonstration. Then next we have the Space Bees. The Space Bees is a combination of 12 satellites from USA and the objective of this mission Space Bee is to provide two way satellite communications and data relay. So these are some of the important satellites in this mission. So just take note of these points which will be helpful in the prelims examination. So that's all about this discussion. Now let's move on to the next one. Now moving on to our next discussion which is based on this article which in detail discusses about International Atomic Energy Agency that is IAEA. So in this discussion let us see about this agency. See IAEA was created in 1957 in response to the deep fears and expectations that were generated by the discoveries and diverse use of nuclear technology. So IAEA has been given the mandate to work with its member states and multiple partners worldwide to promote safe secure and peaceful nuclear technologies and in this regard International Atomic Energy Agency is the world's central intergovernmental forum for scientific and technical cooperation in the nuclear field. It works for the safe secure and peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology and by this it contributes to the international peace and security and also to the sustainable development goals. Now note that it has been established independently of the United Nations through its own international treaty but even then the agency reports to both the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council. Now IAEA is often in news because of the Iran nuclear issue. On 23rd February also we have discussed IAEA's role in getting the access to Iran's nuclear location for three months through a temporary agreement. Now in this context this news article also discusses the relevance of IAEA in maintaining global nuclear peace and the issues with it. Firstly the issues regarding IAEA's ability to work independently but without being drawn into big power rivalries. Now this position is always questioned because this position has been proved to be ineffective to prevent power politics from influencing nuclear negotiations. This was particularly visible when Pakistan pursued a nuclear weapons program in 1980s but even though clear evidence was available US did not pursue the case effectively through the IAEA because USA and Pakistan had a cooperation on the Afghan front. So USA did not want to stop Pakistan in this regard. So here we can clearly see that how power politics has influenced nuclear negotiations. Now the next issue is with respect to IAEA's lack of enforcement capability. Now this is often termed as uneven authority because IAEA does not have any power to override the sovereign rights of any member nation of the United Nations. See this uneven authority has sometimes been advantageous also like in the case of Iran. If you see this uneven authority has provided results when the agencies efforts were backed by big powers in the case of Iran but this is not the same in case of North Korea because North Korea was supported by China and Russia so IAEA could not do anything. Then another major criticism of IAEA is that it never challenges the nuclear dominance of the five permanent members of UNSC and these are the China France Russia United Kingdom and United States. Further there were also controversies in the case of inspection of Iranian nuclear installations when Iran had accused IAEA of sending intelligence operatives who were actually engaged in espionage against the interest of Iran. Now this allegation also hinted that IAEA inspectors and observers had shared information about Iran with US government but apart from all these the immediate trouble for IAEA is with Iran's nuclear program only because Iran made it clear that unless USA lifts the sanctions it won't stop the nuclear enrichment but under the current new administration of USA that is under President Joe Biden it has been already hinted that USA may rejoin GCPOA with Iran. Thus IAEA is expected to play a crucial role in bringing both US and Iran together to broker peace deal which ultimately stops nuclear enrichment of Iran. So these are some of the points that you should take note about IAEA and the role played by it in maintaining global nuclear peace. Now let's move on to the next discussion. Now this news article talks about Atoni General. It mentions that Atoni General of India has refused to give consent to an activist who asked to initiate criminal contempt proceedings against the former Chief Justice of India Ranjan Gagoy and this contempt proceeding was for his comments about the Supreme Court but now IAEA has refused to give consent. So in this context let us have a brief discussion about Atoni General of India and what mandates IAEA's consent in case of criminal contempt proceedings. First note that it is a constitutional office that is article 76 mentions about Atoni General's appointment, Atoni General's duties etc and as you can see here Atoni General is appointed by the President of India and she should be qualified to be appointed a judge of the Supreme Court and this article further states the duties of Atoni General which is to give advice to the government of India upon such legal matters that is referred to her by the President and also to perform such other duties of legal character that is referred to her by the President. Additionally Atoni General has also the function of discharging the duties conferred on her under the Constitution or under any law for time being enforced. Now while performing these duties Atoni General will have the right of audience in all courts of India. See right of audience means the right of a lawyer to conduct proceedings in court. Now in addition to this article 76 also mentions that Atoni General shall hold office during the pleasure of the President. Then there is another article which provides additional power to Atoni General which is article 88. Under this article Atoni General has the right to speak in and to take part in the proceedings of either House of the Parliament or even any joint sitting of the Houses of the Parliament. Atoni General can also take part in any committee of Parliament in which she is named a member and most importantly know that Atoni General will not enjoy right to vote in Parliament. Now the term of office of Atoni General could be found in the law officer rules of 1987. According to these rules the term of a law officer is three years and a law officer is eligible for reappointment as well and here the law officer includes Atoni General, Solicitor General and the Assistant Solicitor General. Now what are the duties performed by a law officer? These are to give advice to the government of India in legal matters then to appear in the Supreme Court or in any high court on behalf of the government in the cases in which government is a party or in the cases in which government is interested and the law officer should also represent the government of India in any reference made by the President to the Supreme Court under article 143 of Constitution and most importantly note that the consent of Atoni General is necessary to initiate contempt proceedings in the Supreme Court. Now apart from these duties the rules also impose certain restrictions on the law officers like they should not defend an accused person in a criminal prosecution without the permission of government of India and they should not accept appointment to any office in any company or corporation without the permission of government of India and they should also not advise or hold a brief against government of India. So now why the consent of Atoni General is required in initiating contempt of court proceedings. See this is mandated by the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971. It lays down the law on contempt of court. Now under section 15 of this act we can find the procedure on how a case for contempt of court can be initiated. Now in the case of the Supreme Court the Atoni General or the Solicitor General may bring in a motion before the court for initiating a case of criminal contempt and this will be done by the Advocate General in case of high courts and here also note that the Atoni General's consent is mandatory when a private citizen wants to initiate a case of contempt of court against a person. But however if a court itself initiates a contempt of court case then AG's consent is not required. It is because the court is exercising its inherent powers under the Constitution to punish for contempt. So these are some of the points that should take note about Atoni General of India. Now let's move on to the next discussion. Now we have come to the last session the practice questions discussion session. This first question asks transpose zones sometimes seen in news are option A the particles found in the nucleus of atoms option B subatomic particles similar to an electron but has no electrical charge option C genetic elements that can jump to different locations within a genome option D subatomic particles with neutral charge and the correct answer is option C genetic elements that can jump to different locations within a genome. Now this next question is based on IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency. First statement is it works with its member states to promote the safe secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies. The statement is correct this is the objective of IAEA. Second statement it is widely known as the world's atoms for peace and development organization within the United Nations family. The statement is also correct about IAEA. Now the third statement it reports to both UN General Assembly and Security Council. This statement is also correct we saw this during the discussion. So here the question asks for the correct statements and all these statements are correct so the correct answer is option D one two and three. Now this next question is based on Attorney General of India. First statement is Attorney General should not accept appointment to any office in any company or corporation when she or he is serving the office of AG. The statement is incorrect because Attorney General can accept appointment to any office in any company or corporation but only with the permission of government of India. Now the second statement is as per the Constitution of India Attorney General's consent is mandatory when a private citizen wants to initiate a case of contempt of court against a person. Now this statement is partially correct because Attorney General's consent is mandatory for this contempt proceedings but it is not mentioned in Constitution of India rather it is mentioned in the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971. So this statement is also incorrect and here the question asks for the correct statements but both the statements are incorrect so the correct answer is option D neither one nor two. Now this next question is about aircraft accident investigation bureau India. First statement is it is responsible for classification of safety occurrences involving aircraft operating in the Indian airspace into accidents serious incidents and incidents. Now this statement is correct because aircraft accident investigation bureau is responsible for the classification of safety occurrences into accidents serious incidents and incidents. Now the second statement is it comes under the administrative control of ministry of defense. This statement is incorrect because it comes under the administrative control of ministry of civil aviation and here the question asks for the incorrect statements and statement two is the incorrect statement so the correct answer is option B two only. Now let us take one main question this question is based on the new IT rules of 2021. You have to answer this question in 150 words you can write the answer and post it in the comment section. With this we come to the end of today's in the news analysis and practice questions discussion. If you like the video don't forget to like comment and share and do subscribe to Shankar IAS Academy YouTube channel for more updates related to civil service examination preparation.


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Here we go, Great Britain off 1 and 3, Robert Lambert off the inside in red, Gate 2 white, Artem Laguta for Russia, Gate 3 blue, the remarkable Ty Woffenden, and off the outside in yellow, Emel Saifutinov, the Russian Rocket, that's your line up. This is the final fall-ups to decide the world champions. Here we go, it's final time, Lambert's made a good start, so has Laguta, and now Saifutinov is going to try the inside run here for Russia, they're on a 5-1, Lambert's gone to the back, it's tough for Britain from here, Woffenden now is going to try the outside run on Emel, he's going to try and reel in Laguta as well, but Lambert has to pass Saifutinov, two at the same time, it's tough for Britain from here, Russia looking good. Well brilliant start again from Artem Laguta, Woffenden really threading in second place, brilliant move from Saifutinov to charge into second place momentarily, Woffenden now looking for a way past there, Artem Laguta, he managed to hit 19, can he do it now in the final round, Woffenden on the outside, pushing so hard, Laguta forces him wide, Woffenden on the outside, fantastic speedway in the final. Got into the last lap and Lambert is all over Saifutinov, Lambert is challenging, Lambert's on the inside, oh he just can't get there, he's got to try the outside run, this is for a world title, Saifutinov's kept the inside run, Woffenden's going to win the race, Russia on the world champion! The first time in the shale sport of speedway, Russia a new world champion. I'm so happy to be world champion, of course this was tough meeting because every hits we need to change in our setups and find some good speed. Thanks a lot to all these guys, Artem Gleb and Andrei, just to concentrate about it tomorrow.


Ecclesiastes is the outspoken friend who doesn't hold back. The story you win in an arm wrestle with a relative. The midwife who's done it all before. When you're tired of half-truths and idealized depictions, this is where you go. Life is brief, but a breath, in and out. The teacher says, let's examine that breath together. Let me share with you what I've learned. We are all asking, who am I and why am I here? This book is your conversation partner.


What's going on guys welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here today I am back with another destiny 2 top 5 video and today you have top 5 3 count reactions of the week now if you guys do enjoy the video leave me a like Really does help out if you have any amazing clip you think it's worth sharing with the world send it into the email I've just linked at the top of the video this guy See if you are new around here and enjoy daily destiny to videos be sure to subscribe And if you never want to miss a video I upload turn notifications on by hitting that bow button But guys, I hope you enjoyed video these have a favor and turn and volume just a little bit Hopefully do enjoy it though, and hopefully I'll see you on that next one Oh Keep shooting boss keep shooting boss.  I'm melting point. I'm melting point.  It's grads. Fuck.    I Don't want to play this game anymore The best man Trojan Trojan I Got rampage grave I Love you guys. I love you guys Okay, this is payback Lucas Yeah, yeah, no no one my friends got a thousand voices except for him and now I have anarchy Trojan Trojan Sorry, sorry, I got I got layman art. I'm sorry. I got layman You don't understand how bad I wanted that


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All right everyone next up in our handstand prep progression. We're still doing some hanging variations for shoulder mobility Without loading the wrist and the shoulder and the neck quite as much We just did a two leg straight leg raise and now we're gonna try one at a time Okay, so these I've mentioned in a previous video when we just did knee raises these Asymmetrical movements are good for pointing out your asymmetries so if you have issues with One side feels tighter than the other one maybe one hip flexor feels tighter than the other one Maybe when you squat you turn or when you're doing your handstand you turn you probably and I would guarantee it You have some sort of asymmetry that's driving this and a little bit is normal. It's okay you don't need to freak out about it, but it is something that we can kind of look at and Try to improve to get a little bit more symmetrical mobility for your symmetrical movements like the handstand So we've got a hanging and we're doing it one straight leg raise at a time. So I round my back I get my abs. I start my plank and then I go one Try to keep the other one straight down Yeah So you might feel your body turn a little bit. That's totally normal on that one I just want to make sure I'm staying secure with my abs my hip flexors are doing the work But they're not they're lifting my leg up, but they're not doing everything. They're not stabilizing my spine too for that I have my abs. Okay, so that is the hanging alternating straight leg raise


And let's start a new chat. So we will do 3.5 first and move to 4, we have both open and running. We have GitHub Copilot running in the code. So finished this one earlier this week. The pretty basic, a real EEG, sorry for the ads. A real EEG, you can select your channels, the 16 channel EEG recording, intracranial, with seizures. You can scroll through the file, you can select your window size. Let's select here. Yeah, this is not great. Don't like those controls. They're not fun at all. In the info, let's say make a note to use. What is this called? Control Shift C. Yeah, those spin buttons. Make sure to use spin buttons only if absolutely necessary. Right, this un-desimated thing is actually right. So okay, let's do it step by step. So we're not getting all over the shop. Right, so this is the tool that is working. Now we're doing a similar one that looks more like this. The main difference is that that also have a wavelet denoise option. Now we really have some, so it's going to be a Flask application. So I can share it with you. We can play around with it. Provide your feedback. Now the problem is, the problem is, just start with 3.5. There's quite a lot of problems, but mainly, I wish there was a way to move from 3.5 to 4 in a less, in a more seamless way. So we don't get to the 50 messages every three, three hours prompt limit. What we can do, though, is let the GPT do its thing. Well, mainly because it's running faster. Just so it gives us more ideas, regards how we can improve the goal. So this will give us a description. JavaScript code you've provided is an event listener that executes when the DOM content is loaded. It sets up various event listeners for different elements in your web page and fetches and renders EEG data based on user interactions. Right, that's right. Here's the breakdown of what the code does. Now we don't need the breakdown for now. Now this is the actual Flask application. It does its thing. Now we'll have the styles CSS, but we'll deal with it later. Yeah, let's do those, see what it suggests. EEG data visualization. Here are some possible reasons and suggestions for improving it. Right, well, that's actually interesting. Let's see what it says. Wavet selection. The choice of Wavet can significantly impact denoising effectiveness. Different Wavets are suitable for different types of signals and noise. Experiment with different Wavets to find one that works better for EEG data. We have a Wavelet selection option, a Wavelet type selection. Now with GPT-4, that's the one that I actually expect to generate better code. Might start populating it slowly, but surely it's also getting a breakdown. So we can already have that, the Wavelet selection. And that's an interesting white memory edit as well. What else we'll get? So this EEG is probably the cleanest signal you could possibly get, because it's being recorded directly from the surface of the brain. It's coming from an implant. The other unique thing about it is that it has epileptic seizures in it. So we actually try to optimize for those. My mouth is barely moving. It's not very great. We don't have the playback feature at the moment. One thing I noticed if GPT-4 or 3 or whatever actually needed to run for longer for it to do something useful, as in clicking the stop generating button can yield all sorts of weird results. Many to the fact that it's losing context, lazy loading of data, what's that? Let's ask it the same question. We did GPT-3.5, see and compare the results. This is back to 3.5. What else is it suggesting? This is not a bad suggestion. So we're good. It's actually a pretty good suggestion. So let's load a flash application and see actually what it looks like at the moment. Right, this is what we have. And yes, considering, yeah, we could just plot both of them. Another option would be to have options for both displays. So have, say, red and blue. Well, then the problem would be how do you do those in different colors? I guess we could do another tool later that just has the time domain where it's comparing side by side the noise than the original signal. Yeah, these values are currently not displaying anything. Make sure signal noise and mean square error are showing values. Okay, let's move to GPT-4. So we have that. It's the same, when it's a picture. Decomposition levels. Okay, that's pretty much similar to what the GPT-3.5 said. GPT-3.5's present doesn't have a thresholding section. Thresholding. The thresholding technique and the threshold value can significantly impact the denoising result. The thresholding you're using, multiply asterisk nb, sqrt, to asterisk nb.log, then eg underscore data is a common one based on the universal threshold. However, there are other thresholding methods such as soft and hard thresholding, and you could adjust the multiplier to change the threshold value. Yeah, I probably want the original to be grayed out in the background. Make the regional eG signal and the denoised time domain. If the noise is on the original eG signal, is displayed, is grayed out, and the denoised signal is in color. The denoised on by default. Okay, let's do step by step, how to change the code so that this should be simple. Start with a simple task, change the html. In your JavaScript code, inside the DOM content loaded of NListener, you can set the check property of the wavered denoised checkbox to true. html, no default option selected, which is unusual. Okay, so we changed it in the JavaScript, it should be fine. Adjust the default value for the wavered denoised parameter in the get underscore data function to true. So those are different options, is it? Yeah, I can just use the, just modify the front end, the JavaScript, check it, yes, the wavelet is on by default. Now, next thing, yeah, make the original eG signal and the denoised eG signal in the time domain. Make sure if the denoised on the original eG signal is grayed out, and the denoised eG signal is in color. Yes, let's do this. Next, so we need to do two things, one is modify the back end to always send both the original and denoised eG signals, modify the front end to display both signals and adjust their appearances based on the denoised checkbox state. Right, so in the back end, the Python code in get data, prepare the database on the original and denoised signal. Right, so we have a response, response data. Okay, so there's quite a few changes. And let's create a copy of a Python script just in case we stuff something up. Can generate the whole, generate the whole, we should say regenerate, they complete, they get that root function. Okay, let's see. So we have start second, window size, that's the same, calculate the indices using define the sampling rate. That's the same, extract the segment from the full dataset channel. Yep, that's all the same true log wavelet denoise. By the way, not using frequency scale yet. Even though pretty sure it's working, okay. Yeah, I want to check linear. Yes, it's, I don't know what's talking about, it's a leading problem. So to work okay, levels, the same validate waveforms. Okay, we have some changes there. Yeah, we don't actually need to do this, do we? JSON file, original IG data, the trend. Okay, let's move it, move it long, quicker, otherwise we'll never get anywhere. Just checking that it didn't miss anything major, sending with return JSON file. So we can place this whole thing. Yes, we need to find anything else. This regenerated function takes into account the default on state for wavelet denoising, and always sends back both the original and denoised EEG signals. The original EEG signal will be grayed out if wavelet denoising is on, and the denoised EEG signal will be in color blue. If wavelet denoising is off, the original EEG signal will be in color, and the denoised signal will be grayed out. Okay, that didn't work. Get any, don't get any errors in the terminal. Thrill load, type error cannot read. It is, you know what I'm using. Okay, so the vital code returning response data, let's check that. Lotly new plot, just call data. Response JSON. Okay, what's going on? Let me generate stuff. Let me regenerate this response. I don't like it. No, it's like it was working as second goal, right? So, check the error again, that JavaScript seemed to be more specific response. Fully integrate the changes made to the backend code. You will need to update the JavaScript, JS code, especially if you are using any front-end library or framework to display the data. Here's what you need to consider. Handling multiple EEG lines. The updated backend now returns two signals, original underscore signal and denoised underscore signal. You need to ensure that your JS code can handle and display both signals on the same plot. Currently, I don't have an update plot function. Okay, can you do the whole thing to update this JS, because I wouldn't know how to do it? That's what I have you here for. It seems to be specific. Yep, need to plot both signals. That makes sense. So, this one has two signals. Wait, how is it different from what we already have? Why do we have new plot? It doesn't make sense. Signal X, signal Y, signal name. So, there should be two signals in there. So, that's the raw EEG. Wait, where is the original? It should be original and denoised. Plot function to render both the original and denoised EEG signals. Right, so the both included rest of the plotting code. I don't have anything. It's meant to be the frequency domain. So, that would remain the same, at least for now. Yeah, let's check. Right, check this out. Looks like our one is not, I don't know, this is the trend as well. Right, so this is showing both. Okay, let's reduce. Doesn't make much difference, does it? I'm not sure why they're not exactly overlaid. Where is the trend? Yeah, one. Okay, the trend should apply to both of them. Yeah, you can barely. Right, so that's what it does. This filter order is for the frequency spectrum. It will change the levels. This kind of indicates what the trending does. The problem that the frequency spectrum is actually displaying the same tone as just changing the colors. What? Yeah, that's where the denoises playing up. Probably better to be removed. Might want to add more levels to check what difference does make. Let's make it 5 and max 10. Yeah, this is the trending. Makes them overlaid. Yeah, this is the effect of the levels. Now, the problem is, as you can imagine, yeah, that during seizures it's behaving not quite the same. It's not quite clear what's happening with the colors. When you switch wavelet denoise off, I understand when it's on, it's fairly clear what it does. Now, the original is also before the trending, and the blue one is detrended and wavelet denoised. That's why you see offset, DC offset. Yeah, so this can be a bit misleading in the sense that you can only see the denoising working well when making the window size smaller, and you can actually see the difference. And it's not working well during seizures. Yeah, so this is what it actually does, just kind of smoothing the signal in different ways. Yeah, this is the epicenter of the seizure. Sorry, not the episode.  Yeah, this weather seizure is happening. Even it's hard to see what's going on with the denoising. Yeah, it's not too bad. Don't particularly like those buttons. Let's see what it says if we get those spin buttons. All right, let's streamline the JavaScript code to make sure unnecessary operations are avoided, especially with regards to spin button or any other interactions. No, that's not what I meant. We replace spin buttons.  Drop menus are not great, but okay. But those are horrible. And spin buttons be replaced. Certainly. The type of control you're referring to, often known as a spin button, is commonly implemented using the HTML less than input greater than element with type equals, number. The exact nature of the replacement you're interested in depends on your specific needs. Yeah, sliders are better. So in HTML, you don't like drop downs, text, no custom, well, no. Yeah, we try like this, the slider control instead of spin button. Yeah, window size. Okay, window size input. Yeah, this one. So replacing it with attack branch. It's the same ID. This should just works. Why the label is behind right in this one. Update the event listener to display the current value of the slider in the label. Window size. Is it just called input now? Window size label. So it should update that number 10, when you're changing the window size, it's going up to 100. It's all messed up a bit. Yeah, when I display whole spectrum should we turn it on by default, the trending is moving the signal around zero. This is working. Okay, the number of levels is really only visible. When you turn the trending off, select, say this one, it's channel should be a one second. Yes, that's what the levels are doing. Yeah, refresh the page. That's the default view. Channel seven is default. That wavelet is default. Yeah, I'm not sure that's some sort of bug when you deselect this. I'm not sure what's happening with the colors. I would expect it to do something else. That's how the trending work. This filter order is actually only affects the frequency domain. It's not clear from here. You can select choose to show the whole spectrum. Those three components should be at the bottom. We should rearrange the page. Should have channel number, window size. Can we do something crazy? We tried this before, but it didn't work. If we go print screen, just select the bloody thing and we pop it into chgpt to how it will pop this in. We'll think for some time. Let's see what it says. Yeah, we have a color theme and actually the thing about this stasis is that we have this standard styling for pages. We have a global CSS file and a local one. In the local one, the CSS should be only applied to the specific components on this page. Everything else like background things that will be taken care by the global CSS file. We'll have two of them. Yeah, so that's the global one and the local one in a static folder for this specific web application. So this is a bit painful to debug because it will look different. When in production. So yeah, the color palette, consistent spacing, typography, key interactive elements, legend, graph, improvement, mobile, responsiveness, yeah. We'll have to sort it out later. Instructions, there are some instructions in the bottom. This one. In the end slide. Display the current. Yeah, we want to display the current value. Yeah, we also want to change the language. Should we do it first or should we have all the controls in one place? Let me know what you think. So in that sense, because generally speaking, at these three, there will be more related to the wavelet transform that reduces noise. Then we have the overall things like the channel, select and the the window size, affecting the whole thing. Yeah, this one is not the trending is not affecting the frequency spectrum, which makes sense. Now it does a bit filled this filter orders only affecting the spectrum. That's how sharp the band pass filters are in the spectrum domain. All spectrum is affecting the spectrum is adding that extra line frequency scales of the also only affecting the frequency spectrum. So in theory, all at this filter order. Okay, let's let's sort it out. A filter order all spectrum and frequency scale should appear next to each other and frequency chart. Yeah, we have to help below or something. Yeah, on different screens, it will appear differently. I kind of don't really want to spend too much time on it. It would be easier just to have all the inputs in one place. But then kind of doesn't make sense. Again, because this filter order only affects the the frequency spectrum. Those like to remove so we change the window size. Can we use co pilot? But that pilot is just not to anything whatsoever. Nothing useful, at least all spectrum. Why was it filter? Yeah, one change. Make sure the original thing all all all spin balance be replaced by sliders. Yes, CSS HTML. So I have control group. Doesn't make sense. Being in layout group filter order whole spectrum and frequency scale controls horizontally. You can achieve this using CSS flexbox or grid layout techniques. Position these controls directly above the frequency spectrum chart to ensure they're easily associated with the chart. Style each control to be of similar height and maintain consistent margins between them. This will present a more cohesive look. Consider adding light borders or subtle shadow effects to each control to provide a hint of depth. We don't want a hint of depth. For sure. Don't like it. If feasible, make the frequency spectrum chart update in real time or with a slight delay as these controls are modified. This gives instant feedback to users about the changes they're making. That's already working fine. Clearly label each control. If space becomes an issue, consider tooltips or drop down hints. As the screen size changes, especially decreases, these controls should stack vertically above the chart. This ensures a good experience across all device sizes. Let me change the window size input with a slider. We did it in the HTML. Now we forget to do this in JavaScript. Update the event listener to display the current value of the slider in the label. We know window size label. This one goes window size. Just click on there. And in the event listener section, we have window size input. Let's see what it does. So it's changing that. Now we want this to be changed. This is better. Now we want it to be displayed top. So in CSS, okay, let's finish this. So we're changing the spin buttons because we don't like them. HTML. Replace the input type from number spin button to range slider. This number, how many of those do we have? F2. We filled the order and levels. Just replace them by range, the window size. So we should have, yeah, get rid of play. Right. So many ranges, levels, window size, filter order, and of course, yeah, the file scroll. Levels, the label goes first, size. That's working. Okay. So that's HTML. Installing. You can style sliders using CSS to match your design. Here's a basic example for styling. Live styling for now. To capture the value from the slider, you can use JavaScript event listeners, similar to how you'd capture values from spin buttons. Okay. And this, what it does is check box. Check box is replaced by buttons. Again, check boxes be replaced. See if it gives us some options. Toggle switch. So I want a toggle switch or a button. When you toggle, it doesn't. It would be nice to have icons in there. Okay. So replace when it denies, give the toggle switch at one, at one work. Would it just create, channel select, filter, replace this specific toggle switch. Is this all for the switch on? Yeah, change the colors in sec in JavaScript. If you were using the original check box, wavelet denoise in your JavaScript code, you need to replace any references to it with the new wavelet denoise to the ID. For instance, yeah, we have a different name now to replace. Now with these changes, the original check box for wavelet denoise will be replaced by visually appealing toggle switch while retaining the same underlying functionality. We'll still use that. If fault go first, is it? Is it error? Of course. Right. That's actually, it does work in the same way. In JavaScript, 120, it's called denoise toggle now. It's not doing anything right. It's not giving any errors. Anything else seem to work. But that's okay. It's a nice little button, but it doesn't stop working. Yeah, we should know. I have no mention of wavelet denoise. We changed it to toggle. You can get rid of that. Change to image. Yeah, it's not changing the trend through filter whole spectrum. This is not an agate request. Right, this should be changed to toggle. It just remained the same thing. And in HTML, okay, this is not a check box. It should be passed in the get request. Wavelet denoise, it was changing the colors. That number should be in span. Wavelet denoise, be in get data. And we might not need that. It doesn't look like it's passing in the get request like everything else. Okay, let's do this quickly. Let's actually try GPT-3 for that. I'm probably gonna hit the limit pretty soon. The 50 messages per three hours. I would say that this is for reference. Only read the code and do not confirm reading the code and don't generate anything else. This will be pretty amazing. I suspect that the confirmed, I read the code. That's pretty amazing. It's actually more confirmed. That was the HTML, that was the JavaScript. We added the HTML prior and we have the Python code. Confirm reading, don't generate anything else. And same here and now. Wavelet denoise button, it doesn't work. Now what's it called, Slider? A toggle, toggle switch. See what it says. The provided CSS contains styling for a toggle switch, switch class with a slider. But there isn't any JavaScript provided to handle the behavior of the switch. Why not? For the Wavelet denoise toggle switch to work, you typically need. HTML, we have the HTML element. JavaScript to handle the toggle action, EG. Okay, I'm pretty sure we have something to denoise. Then, integrate the toggle state into your Flask app request when getting later. Okay, yeah, that's what we had before in my search with Python. However, from the Flask code you shared, it seems that Wavelet denoise parameter is already expected in request. Therefore, ensure the toggle switch in your front end correctly sets this parameter when making a request to server. Check if the HTML and JavaScript for the toggle switch is properly set up. Ensure that the state of the switch on, off, correctly modifies the request sent to the Flask server. Make sure the Flask server correctly processes the Wavelet denoise parameter and applies or doesn't apply the denoising accordingly. Okay, can you do this for me? See above. Is this specific stuff or generic? You have the code, have the code above annoying. It's the problem with the name or something. Come on, are you joking me? I just gave you the code. Okay, I'm going to get funny. Yeah, so I have this, that, Js, that in HTML, HTML, this, and then Python. I think it's the order of things in Flask. This, okay, so we need to consider. Ensure that the JavaScript code that initializes the checkbox and sets the event listener runs after the HTML is fully loaded. You can achieve this by placing your JS code at the end of the HTML body or using a DOM content loaded event. Yeah, we have the downloaded event defined. Ensure that the fetch data and render function is correctly defined and doesn't contain any errors that might prevent the listener from being executed. Add this one. Yeah, we're not using playback. The moment all that function can go, right. Have the element by this section. We have a wavelet denoise there. Okay, in fetch and const parameters, it wavelet denoise as well. Right, now it's working. Okay, I think we're going to end for today. We did quite a bit of progress. Yeah, I want to later change the detrain button also into, let's forget what's called, switch, switch, switch, switch. Should we do it now? Do we have some time? Probably not, but we'll do it anyway. It's actually working if you click on the text as well. That's handy. Yeah, we need to break down the inputs into different parts. We'll do three parts. Inputs, shoot in into three parts. And spectrum, that's right. Fill the order, roll, channel, number, window size, top of the page, filter order, whole spectrum frequency scale should be next to each other, should be next to frequency spectrum chart. Then you have trend, wavelet denoise. Does this have a label? It should have a label. It's two key variables. I forgot about it. Yeah, we'll continue this next time. Let me know if there's any questions. Let me know if you had a chance to review this site. That's the previous one, just a simple scroll through the data. And currently, and this one will be essentially an advanced version of it. Don't forget to, you know what to do on YouTube. You know, subscribe, like, comment, tickle the Google, the YouTube algorithm. See you next time.


I think iridium has made possible things that were unthinkable 20 years ago. The fact that we have now 28,000 buoys transmitting in real time from the middle of the ocean probably was something unthinkable without iridium a few years ago. There is one story that we're particularly proud of. Four years ago we were in the Indian Ocean talking with some environmentalists where every year they have a number of shark attacks that they were threatening the industry. They didn't want to use the traditional means for avoiding the sharks like nets that are usually very low selective. I mean you could catch not only sharks but you can catch also turtles and all sorts of protected species. So we're proposing to use our buoys which basically is a hook with a bait and basically when the shark which is close to the shoreline is taking the bait it's releasing the switch of the buoy and the buoy starts communicating its position and what's happening is then the environmentalists are going there with the shark is and they're pulling it out of the water. We're very proud of that application of our buoys because it's helping protect the environment, it's helping protect the beach cores and the local tourism industry.


Hey, Bolo buddies. Thanks for watching. All right, you guys it is time for this is my Bolo All right you guys I have asked everyone to come together and send me their video clips 60 seconds or less Holding up a Bolo item and telling us where they got it what they paid for it and what it sold for it You guys have brought some of an amazing Bolo's okay now for those of you watching what I need you to do is I need you to vote I Plan on dropping this video on Tuesday, and I'm gonna give you guys until Sunday at midnight to get your votes down in the comments For those that did not pop up like a little thing. I'm going to try to insert like their eBay store Name or their YouTube channel or whatever so that will help you guys vote now You do not have to vote on the biggest money Bolo item you can vote because you think it's an item you can find easily It's an item you didn't know about you think You learned the most from that person Whatever it may be it does not have to be because it's the biggest money Bolo It can't be that can be definitely the reason you vote, but it does not have to be I will tell you that I learned so much from all of you guys that participated and I appreciate all of you So much. This is so so fun. We may have to do this again So in the comments, I want you to put who you think Who you want to vote for for whatever reason, but tell us why you voted for that person I think that will be like a fun thing to see why everyone voted for who they voted for and You don't have to do that, but it would be fun and Then I am going to tally everything up and I'll let you guys know the winner but again the deadline is this Sunday at midnight and All of the people that did not win Are gonna have to send a thrifted prize or something from their money pile to the winner The winner is gonna do an unboxing for all of us to watch which is super super fun So stay tuned for that make sure you're subscribed to the channel and I will give you guys updates on who the winner is and I will also share on my community page when they post their video So that is how it's gonna work. Let me know if you have any questions in the comments. Thanks again for being here Thank you for watching and let's check out all of these This is my Bolo All right, let's get started Okay, Bolo buddies, are you ready to see some Bolo's I just did some edits and now I'm doing the little intro How I did this was to keep it fair I just placed them in the order. I received them and You guys wait until you see the very last Bolo That's all I got to say it could not have come at a better time the last item Well, just wait and see Also, be sure to go and show everyone that has a YouTube channel some love with a sub and check out these eBay stores These are Bolo finders Hey Bolo buddies, thanks for watching. My name is Courtney also known as Bolo buddies and This is my Bolo. These are Hercules collectors plates from McDonald's these are definitely a Bolo. I have sold them before I Presented these at the primetime treasure hunter thrift challenge. I was in I had an offer for 115 on eBay that I turned down Because I wanted to show them in the thrift battle. Well, they just sold on Mercari for a hundred and thirty seven dollars Free shipping, so I'm gonna pay the shipping and I got these at an estate sale and I had I thought they were six But I had in my notes for so not sure four or six dollars But anyway, these are definitely a Bolo item. So be on the lookout for Hercules McDonald's plates Thanks for watching Hi, my name is Linda. I have an eBay store called Joliet jewels and I'm gonna show you my Bolo's I'm shipping these out today Two Bolo's bought by the same person This little guy is Magic bottle puppy bottom for 50 cents in April at a garage sale and he sold yesterday for 80 dollars and Same buyer bought this one magic nursery bunny Bought for 50 cents at the same yard sale and sold for 70 dollars. So this customer 145 dollars plus shipping Thanks Hi everybody, my name is Sandra. I have been selling on eBay since 1998 I don't usually sell glassware or clothes, but pretty much anything else I will sell my depth one's really deep when it comes to jewelry. So that's my Bolo for today jewelry is everywhere It's at garage sales yard sales thrift stores very very easy to find but one tip I can give everybody is try to find jewelry. That's kind of cool. Look how different this is It's a champagne glass that has these bubbles sort of shooting out Couldn't you just see somebody really really wanting to have this piece further it is signed by a great desirable name Brand Butler and Wilson is the name of the company. I think they're based in England Anyhow, I paid 50 cents for this at a yard sale and I just sold it for 60 dollars on my eBay page I hope you will come check me out if you're interested in selling jewelry Especially because there's a lot to learn and it's very easy to learn to and we also have a lot of fun So check me out at the funky pickle thrifter and I hope to catch you there.  This is my Bolo This is a King Ranch leather Messenger saddlebag and here's how you tell there's the King Ranch logo and it's like a little wiggly w I've got this from a yard sale for $10 and they ended up selling it for a hundred and sixty nine dollars So King Ranch is a ranch that spanned 825,000 acres in South Texas. It was bought in 1853 by Captain Richard King and today it spans all sorts of businesses. It does cattle ranching farming including citrus cotton grain sugarcane and turf grass and they also do luxury Retail goods as you can see here and recreational hunting. So head on over and check out my channel. I'll see you guys later. Bye Hey Chosen Ones, this is Carissa Pizzi with Chosen Goods reseller. That is my YouTube name I also have Chosen Goods LLC on Ebay and Chosen underscore goods on Instagram and this is My Bola. I sold it just the day before yesterday My keywords were vintage Linux Giza DeVay art deco bust woman's face porcelain 2.5 face MCM All right, so as you can see it's got the empty hole here and I initially had listed it for two sixty ten and I sent an offer for two hundred dollars and thirty eight cents and I only paid three dollars in a state slash yard sale pretty awesome Hey everyone Stuart with Franklin Hill Ventures wanted to share my Bola with you This is a lot of four books that I picked up at a yard sale a couple weeks ago I paid two dollars a piece for these so I have eight dollars in them And it is the original Dune Trilogy from Frank Herbert plus the later book that he wrote So these are the club additions very nice condition. I'll have the best jackets They range in dates from 1965 all the way up to 1981 and as mentioned I paid eight dollars for these put them on an auction on eBay and they sold for $255 so very excited about that You can check me out at www.franklandhillventures.com that has links to all my social media sites as well as the marketplaces So check that out and good luck to everyone This is my third 80s prom dress that I've sold in the last six days My cost of goods is 750 and this one the customer was all in for 55 dollars Bolo you can find me on Instagram, TikTok and YouTube at Jesse shops and you can find me on eBay at Little Shop of Jesse Okay, thanks Bolo buddies for doing this cool challenge My username on eBay is blind donations you go there and you can find my store so I went on a US 12 garage sale and Found this old milk crate full of stuff I was looking at it the lady says five bucks for the whole thing so I Said sold because the thing on top was what caught my eye So if anybody doesn't know the old decon is a huge Bolo So I paid five bucks for everything in this crate. So that decon I've got pennies in sold it for 89 89 and To give credit where credit is due I got that tip from Matt at part-time pickers. Thank you Hi, I'm Jen Terry and this is a short edition of the Jenna Terry show for the Bolo buddies channel And my Bolo is oh, I am Jennifer short Jen Diggy on YouTube and Jen Diggy Junction on eBay. I found this for 25 cents at a thrift store. I saw that it was Mary Engelbright and Her stuff always has a good sell-through rate and not only is it Mary Engelbright But when I opened it up quick cute little box, you know it It is also a Catherine's collection item and Catherine's collection is also a Bolo Well, I only sold this for $22 from 25 cents. I Was able to one time buy a Catherine's collection a couple of fish ornaments and I got 40 to $50 each out of them. So That's my Bolo Hi guys, my name is Carol. I'm on YouTube under butterfly hustles. This is my Bolo This votive. It's a it's a glass company called glassy baby That's the bottom Just look like a just a regular votive candle holder. I bought this for 99 cents at Goodwill and I had it listed for 24 hours and then it sold for a hundred and forty nine dollars and fifty cents So look for glassy baby. These are very valuable and I hope I don't drop it So that's my Bolo and please go over to my YouTube channel called butterfly hustles and subscribe and Get out there and fly into profits Hey toy addicts, I mean Bolo buddies This is my Good money Bolo I found recently at an estate sale the third day of the estate sale on half price day in the last hour of the sale This gal was marked $18 so she turned out to be $9 and I saw her Crazy hair and so it really made me think. Oh, that's something to look up. I've never seen a doll like this before She's a doll You can see that it's called Bamboletta and it's a Waldorf doll and I bought her for nine dollars and I sold her for a hundred and five So if you see things that look interesting strange out of the norm always look them up Thanks for watching Bye Hey guys Matt here from MSG's treasures. That's my YouTube and eBay store name So do me a favor and check check out my videos So I already had this video made with something else Which also sold on the same day that this thing sold but this thing was far cooler I had to go to my shipping station because it's literally the only counter I have free right now That is not it, but that's what I wanted to show you. This is what I sold So this is a World War two patch. I got a whole lot of these. I paid a hundred dollars for 44 patches Most of them are selling between like seven and twenty Twenty bucks. I have one that's thirty and forty last one that sold at auction sold for like forty dollars There was none listed. I put this up for auction for thirty nine ninety nine And it's sold for two hundred and sixty one dollars and some change. Hi, Bolo buddies My name is Carrie and my channel on YouTube is be carried away I hope you get a chance to come over to my YouTube channel where I do vintage Hard goods as well as clothing and I also love high-end clothing I'm a long-tail seller and I do both clothing and hard goods. My Bolo is this brand and this jumper dress overall Jumper dress, which I will put up here. I'm just about to ship I bought this for seven dollars and ninety nine cents and sold it for one forty nine the brand is Citroen of Santa Monica great brand definitely pick it up if you see it This is also a double Bolo because it's not just the brand, but it's also the style this overall jumper dress style is very popular I've sold these dress the style of dresses in jean material Even in lower-end brands like CJ and banks etc. Etc. So keep your eye out for Citroen of Santa Monica as well as overall dresses Bye be carried away Hello friends Donatella about to lean oh here coming to you from my reseller cottage first Let me say thank you so much to Courtney for putting this together.  I buy huge quantities of merchandise I go live almost every day on my YouTube channel and I have selling events that I cater to the Reseller the collector and even the consumers so when I come across things like this Which I listed on eBay because it had a barcode This is my Bolo and it sells within two hours, and I love that. There's no research. Those are my Bolo's Just listed this anything with the barcode anytime you find a barcode scan it list it. That's my Bolo Thanks for watching have a nice day. Hello everybody. This is zero here with flipping it good That's my YouTube name and today. I'm gonna show you my Bolo. It's a soccer cleats. These are mercurial soccer elite cleats I Pay 2499 they sold today on goat for 170 plus shipping Soccer cleats are very profitable if and they're usually from 1999 to 1999 at the discounted stores like Ross Burlington Marshals TJ Maxx and others so if you see him grab them There's good money to make on soccer cleats. They usually sell from 120 to 300 and higher just make sure you grab the right ones which are the Nike elite soccer cleats So see you guys all on my channel my latest video. I just grabbed a $400 cumbers for only $28 What's going on everyone chat here with gateway pickers just recently Courtney reached out to me remind me that there was a deadline for her Bolo challenge. I'm gonna show you a Bolo of the my pet monsters yo-plit You see this guy out in a while pick him up. We went to a local yard sale He was in a basket for 25 cents and I grabbed him We actually have two of these plushes one is Jamie's from her childhood and this one that I found for 25 cents at a yard sale Here comps for him a Bolo buddies, it's Kanga Camilla from the fiery sellers and today our Bolo is a Johnny was top so this is a top by the brand Johnny was This brand is a definite clothing Bolo. We have sold many shirts From this brand. We sold this particular one on eBay for $75 plus shipping but we've sold many other shirts and skirts and Dresses by this brand and so we'll pop up what is more of a classic Johnny wise style, which is very heavily embroidered So you see that out while you're thrifting consider picking up because it could be a big money Bolo And they have been going for over $50 each So I think that if you see it in the store or you know at a garage sale anything less than $10 Definitely pick it up. Thanks for watching and thank you Courtney for inviting us to be part of this collaboration Hey everybody, it's Shayna also known as thrifty nurse So I'm gonna do the Bolo buddies Bolo of the month challenge And I have my Bolo right here This is a Griswold lamb cake mold. It's made out of cast iron So when I saw it it was on the very bottom shelf and they were actually bringing out a cart of new things And there was a bunch of other resellers nobody else spotted this When I picked it up, I could tell it was super heavy so that made me interested in it But I just thought it was some kind of like decorative Object maybe for like outside and then when I got it home and realized it came apart There are actually two pieces like a mold and then I saw it even had the original Griswold pamphlet with like the instructions and Shows you how to make it and all that stuff So once I saw it was Griswold I knew it was gonna be worse something Griswold makes a lot of cast iron products. Some people collect them They're really good quality and they sell almost always. So That was a great pickup. I'm super glad I got it and it sold today for a hundred and twelve fifty Plus shipping think shipping was like fifteen to eighteen dollars buyer paid for that and I paid three dollars at the thrift store All right. Thanks for watching. Come check out my channel Hey everyone money-making mama here. Here is my Bolo Plates and bowls. Yes, they are by a specific person. That's why they're desirable. It's Richard G. I N-O-R-I never heard of it before this day. I found these at dirt cheap paid three dollars each I've been selling them on eBay for about a week now. So here's how that went I have sold forty five pieces the total amount for all forty five is 834 dollars my investment on that was about 130 ish or someone show you some of those sales now I Actually thought I underpriced the plates I raised them higher and the same person came back and bought another 16, which is wild. You can find me on YouTube I am a newbie money-making mama and part in the appearance hurricane I to pass through we've no electricity Sorry Hey everybody, I'm Robert the zombie bargain hunter and today. I have a quick little Bolo to show you this is Baby Yoda or Grogu as they're called. This is a lounge fly backpack. Let me show you a little close-up of it You see the tag a lounge fly in general are very good Bolo's Let me go to the other screen and show you what I mean. All right So as you can see this is they were selling for 89 99 to sold already I have two available I Purchased these for my nephew and if you had a guy selling a whole bunch of different character items So I bought a bunch of different character items and this is one of the ones that stood out So I wanted to do a quick video on and show you this Bolo. So I'll make sure if you see any Grogu or any lounge fly items pick them up. Anyways, that's all the time I have for you.  Take care. Thanks Courtney. Hi, my name is Terry I go by the name mindful recycle both on my YouTube channel and my eBay store I purchased this last month at an estate sale for $300 the highest bidder was $860 plus shipping so they're all in for $944 it's a replica of the train that you see as soon as you walk into Disneyland I have sold so many trains over the past year whether it is a locomotive Tracks or just the cars so keep your eyes open for any train items. They sell really really well Thank you. Hey guys, I'm Danielle and this is my Bolo But before I get to that I want to say thanks to Courtney for putting this together It's always fun to be a part of something like this I have a channel called yard sales and dreams over on YouTube and if you want to go check that out I'd love for you to come and see what I'm all about I am a part-time reseller and I sell primarily on eBay and My Bolo that I brought to the table today. I bought it at a yard sale for two dollars And I sold it the other day for 74 bucks So Quite a good sale. I picked nine of these up all together at the yard sale And I've been selling them anywhere from a hundred dollars down to sixty dollars I've just been taking offers depending on the condition of each plate. Thank you guys And I appreciate Courtney again, and I Just glad to be a part of it. Thanks guys Hey guys, Leanne here from Leanne something for you I'm back. I just want to tell everybody I'm back. I started to do auctions again on my channel And some other people's channels along the way. I have tons and tons of vintage jewelry Decor you name it. I got it either way Leanne something for you. Please sub to my channel I'm trying to come back and come back strong. So any support is really appreciated So here we go. This sold on eBay This was a I put it up for auction and I got this at a yard sale And I ended up buying the entire yard sale for seventy five dollars and I've already made 700 and I got a whole Trailer with totes on it worth of items out there still yet and this sold for the first time I put it at auction seven days one bid seventy five dollars and this had a really heavy damage to it And I didn't think it would sell that fast But yeah, I did because it's Star Wars and it's first edition. So keep your eyes out You can turn paper like this. You don't really want into the real paper that we all want. So yeah, thanks guys Leanne something for you. I hope to see you over there. Thank you Courtney. Thank you everybody. Good luck and vote for me Have a good one. Hey Bolo buddies This is David from Toledo antique and I wanted to share our big Bolo of the month with you And so our big Bolo this month was this 1972 mg Roadster and Courtney said I have to pick it up. Let me pick it up I might I might be able to do that later But yeah, so this sold for eleven thousand dollars on eBay. We didn't pay anything for it It was part of an estate sale that we were running. So we get a consignment. So our share of that is about three to four thousand dollars So pretty good deal for us and don't forget to visit our YouTube channel 6 p.m. Eastern time on Wednesday nights for live sales Really good story the gentleman who bought this I believe he drove this car with his wife on his wedding day And so he was buying this vehicle to relive his memories. So 1972 mg Roadster, and I'll make a more in-depth video on my YouTube channel to show it a little bit more in-depth at Toledo antique Thanks you guys so much for being here. Thank you for watching Please get your votes in by Sunday night at midnight and while we're here I just wanted to share with you my new owl right here this my husband found this for me at a flea market for five dollars it is vintage whoopsie and Definitely a bolo item. I was like, oh my goodness, and I am obsessed in this little guy. How cool new with tags. I Love it and guess what? He needs a name. So let me know he or she Let's think of some names. You can put those in the comments as well Here is the one that yard sales and dreams sent me. This is snow low and I haven't talked about the owls for a while and The original owl with his bolo buddy shirt on I do have merch and Kid sizes available that olo is sporting the kids shirt So I guess it could be stuffed animal shirts, but this is olo the original Bolo with olo My buddy anyway, owls are my thing so Everyone that participated has been amazing so much personality so much fun such great Bolo's please go and Go and sub them up you guys if they have a YouTube channel and if they don't Check out their eBay stores. All right, you guys. Thanks for watching. Oh and guess what time it is It's time for some bloopers Okay, Bolo buddies. Are you ready to see some Bolo's? I just watched it through a dip. I'm the blah Um, I did that wrong Hey, Bolo buddies. Thanks for watching. Okay you guys it is finally time. Is that right? No Be sure to check out the description of the video like comment share and subscribe. Thanks for watching You