for four and a half years now, I used to work at Starbucks before and the reason I got into trading is because my girlfriend dumped me and I wanted to get rich. It's pretty simple like that. Not really, she was, I don't know, she was hot. I don't want to talk about her. Anyway, I saw all the things online, I've always been into the whole Wall Street movies, all these guys in the night suits and the nice cars and all that stuff. I think I could do it for myself as well. So again, I dived into it. I found some of these online gurus that everyone else gets into and falls into their trap. Long story short, I lost money my first year going long the breakout. I always used to buy at the highs, I always used to sell at the lows and I started to recognize that if I didn't change what I was doing, that was it for me. I wasn't making that much money at Starbucks. I was making $100 a week and if I put $60 to gas and the rest of my girlfriend, I didn't really have much money. It took me to break up with her to start to accumulate some money.  I want to do this. I see myself making money on some of the trades, but I'm losing also because I have no discipline. I have no plan. I don't know what I'm doing. I'm just kind of winging it. I'm not going in with a plan. I'm not going in with a strategy. I'm just doing whatever I think is right and that's wrong. You got to kind of make a plan before everything and know how to attack. You got to know your technicals. You got to know your fundamentals.  So long story short, after my first year, I was losing money and then I started to kind of find out what shorting was. Someone mentioned that you could make money when stocks go down and I was like, shit, I'm good at that. Every time I buy a stock, it goes down anyway. Let me just do the opposite and that's it.  I got it. This is the holy grail. I found it like, boom. So over the years, I was kind of trying to refine that strategy and kind of see why the stock went down. Was it technicals? Was it fundamentals? What was the reason for it? I started getting a little bit better but then I started to realize I had no risk management. I was not stopping outright. I was just doing whatever I thought I was doing again. I was just kind of winging it again. I wasn't making a plan again but I started to find profits going short. That's where the whole thing of kind of making a plan came into place where before I entered a trade, before I did anything, I would have to make a plan for it. If my plan was there was a daily resistance at $5 on the chart, I would short and near that number and if the next resistance or whatever it was, I would make sure to have a stopout point. So I guess over the years, I've again refined that strategy and kind of got them better at reading tape, technicals, fundamentals and all that stuff and I started to realize that the tape tells the story. It's almost everything is about the tape. So I've sat there for hours and hours just watching the tape till like my eyes literally bleed or even today like I didn't want to trade today but I was watching AXO went and it was like a movie. I cracked open a beard. I was sitting there watching the tape just mindlessly just watching to see what I could find and like I said now four four and a half years in I'm starting to find real solid large profits almost consistently I've been I think my longest my biggest month was in January which was around 650 grand and my longest win streak was about 33 days this past month which was around 300 grand and again I kind of mentioned I talk a lot on Twitter about like kind of my journey to kind of see if people could relate to it or if I could kind of help people I always respond to everyone that messages me I always respond to everyone to see kind of like a way to pay it forward right so I had a loss on Twitter yesterday which was like $1,000 and I kind of went back and I said you know if I made 300 grand in 30 days and I lost $1,900 on Twitter that's the definition of risk management I'm not losing all my money that I made I'm making a plan and I'm making sure that again I stick to do it I'm doing everything right so I guess that's just like a little bit about me so anyone has any yeah so one of the things that that's interesting and reading about you I'm listening to your podcast is that it seems as if you know for example when everybody was trading dry ships you were looking at the in sympathy plays and that yes your strategy has sort of evolved into not necessarily trading the low floats or the stocks that are most in play but sort of the secondary stocks yeah yeah because it basically stemmed from the fact that I couldn't get the borrow on dries so if I said I can't get the borrow and these other shippers like ESEA or TOPS or DCIX are all moving and the borrow is cheap and I could get it once you cut off the head of the snake which was dries all these other ones felt like that so that's kind of where I started to realize that was kind of like the game-changing moment that I started to realize that you know there is a lot of money to be made on the stocks that people aren't really watching as well like how many times you trade a stock only to see it three or four days later do exactly what you wanted because everyone forgot about it or you shorted a stock at five and you got stopped out at 550 but a week later it's down at four dollars it's just when people forget about stocks when the kind of volume starts to fade away these things really just unwind at least in the small cap world so again when dries collapse that day I think it was November 12th or November 8th whatever it was I remember saying to myself because it was halted before so it was halted around like $100 and then they unhauled it because they had an offering and all these other shipper stocks like these SINOs I went from a dollar to $14 and literally three days you know that stuff is not going to sustain itself it's not going to hold forever so again once the head of the snake dries got cut off I went in full as much as I could balls deep short and all these things and I had one of the best days in my trading career so again it goes to the fact that making a plan knowing what you're doing knowing which stocks to attack which stocks to avoid or even we're talking about today a exo when I start I saw that you know the shares outstanding is 100 million shares but their float is 30 million shares if they're trading 30 million shares in 30 minutes into the day stock is up a hundred percent it's almost easy to borrow everywhere you better believe that you know that shit's going to keep going higher and then I think there was a midday downgrade that kind of trapped a bunch of people and then you see the last 30 minutes in the clothes that goes straight up on air so again recognizing that that's probably gonna hit $5 or $5.50 in the morning and starting to realize that seeing these patterns happen over and over and over and over again that's when you start to really like capitalize on them so the fact that was easy to borrow it's also about knowing what the sentiment in the market is lately I feel like everyone on the internet is now getting into being short so everyone wants to short everything so most of their brokers are not allowing borrows in some of these low-float stocks so they start to realize oh shit if this guy is making 10 grand shorting if this guy is making five grand shorting and today there's a stock that I could finally get a locate on that's up a hundred percent that's in a sexy $3 price range that are gonna be like hey you know they're getting FOMO they're gonna want to attack it and that's what happens today everyone got FOMO everyone want to attack it you know you get that morning push comes down and then I think it was 10 minutes into that day it had a candle from 350 to 380 and then as soon as you see that shit you know that's gonna go kind of straight up but again they kind of trap all day they were consolidating around the pre-market highs and stuff it's just recognizing all these patterns over and over and over again seeing that's easy to borrow seeing that people are in a market they want to short and they're getting FOMO they're getting antsy and they're just recognizing all that stuff like if I was home right now and I was on my platform I would probably be long overnight because I know that shorts had no chance to get out and being a short seller myself I start to recognize when people are trapped I start to recognize because it's happened to me so many times that I'm starting to finally see that you know there's might to be made going long on some of these plays as well yeah I saw a tweet that you wrote recently where you said you want to start working on your long game yes I know there's a lot of guys who are really strong short sellers in the room who are working on that as well yeah anything specifically you're doing to think about how you can get better at your long game for some of these opportunities I'm just testing it out and diving right in because the way that I see it is that like I had a tweet the other day let me see if I could read it I'll kind of explain everything better but you can't read about doing push-ups you don't go to basketball school you play basketball to get better at basketball this applies to trading stocks as well no matter how many books you read or videos you watch you will not succeed until you dive in so I don't see myself getting better at longs until I start testing them out and going in and doing it myself so again yeah I'm gonna lose money because I'm still trying to get better at it but you know I'd rather be losing $500 a day or $1,000 a day for that opportunity to make $10,000 a day consistently after I refined my strategy so again it's all about risk management it's about you know taking smaller size on the long set let's say my starter position on the shortest 10,000 shares I'm gonna be taking 500 or 1,000 shares on that long trade just to get better at it just to practice it just to dip my feet in and you know see what I could learn from that because you know when you have stocks like drives as much shitty stocks they are they went from six dollars to a hundred dollars their stocks like it was a CDSI was that one that went from fifty cents to two dollars and fifty cents or whatever was like there's money to be made on these long trades or even Tesla today like you got to be shitting me like if you're not both a long-end short-buy trader like you're missing out on a lot of money that's out there and I don't want to miss out on anything I want a piece of all of it so the only way I'm gonna get a piece of all of it is if I start to learn how to do all of it and that's why I've been trying to dip my feet into options as well that's why I've been trying to dip my feet in everything and the best teacher that I see is literally doing it yourself and learning from your own mistakes because no matter how many book books you read about risk management no matter how many videos you watch on internet or YouTube or whatever it is until you're sitting there with the chart and the level two and all the buying power in your face you don't really know what kind of way you're gonna react in that situation so another thing that I think I pick up from your tweets is that it's really important for you to be green on the day yeah why is that well it's not about being green on a day it's about making sure I followed my plans so if I'm green on the day there's been plenty of times I have not followed my plan I've been green on the day and those are days that pissed me off the most because I don't want to be making a $5,000 because I was stubborn or greedy or egotistical I want to be making that money because I followed my plan and I did exactly what I was supposed to do if I'm following my plan and I lose that's a winner to me because I know that in the long run nine times out of ten that play is always gonna pay me there's always gonna be that one time that you know I kind of lose on it so it's all about trusting your process about again I know I keep referencing Twitter all the time but there's so many like golden nuggets on there like for example some guy said he was basically saying like how many times have you been in a trade only to kind of freeze up because of it or not really know how to attack or not really know what you're doing and let me see it's just give me a sec sorry if you find yourself mentally freezing up for every trade understand that this is totally normal and every trader has experienced it however this is also a subconscious sign that you don't trust your process you must be all in on your approach so if you're hesitating and if you're kind of panicking or if you're kind of not doing what you're supposed to it means that you still don't trust your process you still don't trust what you're doing like everything that I preach on like the internet is about trusting your process knowing like to make your plan knowing what to do making sure that there's something solid there's something concrete that you kind of go back on and it's consistently again make money it's not about making ten grand in a month it's not about making a hundred grand a month it's about making that money every single day it's about coming to the market and being able to pull money out of it every single day rather than having that one giant winner because anyone I think can make money in the markets I think it's really easy to make money in the market it's just there's not many people that are able to keep that money a lot of people start to get egotistical and start to lose that shit almost instantly so it's just a matter of kind of remaining humble and realizing that you know shit could always change there's always that one trade that could kind of change you so it's just stick to your plan stick to your strategy and just don't waver no matter what can you describe to us your review plan at the end of the day how do you review your training at the end of the day yes let me kind of walk you through like my normal day okay so I'm always awake really early I guess I have like some sort of sleeping problem I'm up at like 5 a.m. every single day and you know I take a shower brush my teeth I eat breakfast and then I get right to the computer and I say okay which stocks are since I'm short so I look for the stocks are gapping up the most to whatever I look at which stocks are gapping up the most I checked the hot day list I checked my top list I checked the scanners I do whatever I have to see which stocks are up so I see okay XYZ stock is up a hundred percent pre-market because of some contract that they got so I say okay first things first is on these small cap companies allow more shady and they released the same news six months ago so I see okay did they release this news before time or did they really sort of another time and what happened the last time they released that news if it was that the stock went from two dollars to six dollars and then close at three dollars I and I know that you know the daily chart says that it kind of has that one wick where it kind of gives back all the time I know that that's a type of stock that I'm interested in shorting on day one but if it's kind of a stock that the daily is really beaten up and there's not really too much going on or like a 52 week breakout I don't short those at all because I don't see an edge in shorting a 52 week breakout I don't see an edge in any of that stuff so I look for my edge and then I check what the float is if it's a low-flow high-flow institutionally owned I check the following that there's any ATMs S3s check their cash situation last time they raised last time last time anything else that's happened and then from there I look at the chart I always base my trades based on the daily chart I see where the resistant spots on the daily I see what were the levels that gave this stock the most trouble last time and I make a plan I say okay $5 was the top end of this week my short is gonna be based off $5 with a stop on 525 or whatever it's gonna be make my plan hopefully I get in right at the open spikes up like I said make sure I have my borrows and then I attack from there and then close my position and then at the end of the day usually is when I take a photo of my chart with the entries and exits I print them out and I kind of go back and review it at the weekend to see which charts are moving how I played it and how I could kind of improve on playing it next time so again everyone has their own process that they kind of focus on everyone does their own thing but if you're not kind of journaling your trades if you're not kind of watching how your trades are going if you're not kind of critiquing yourself how are you how would you ever expect to improve it's just a matter of again refining your strategy and keep on trying to improving it making sure that again like I said I make sure I print out all my charts with the entries and exits or take a screenshot or whatever it is like yeah it's cool to make five grand on a chart but was I following my plan is what's most important because I can make five grand a thousand times with that one time I could lose all of it and more so risk management everything it's just a matter of seeing what works for you like I know a lot of traders that are making a shit ton of money going long and a lot of traders that are making a lot of money going short but it all comes down to the fact that they have a plan and they're ready to kind of execute on that plan they have there's certain setups that are a plus setups that you know no matter what whatever they see that shit they're gonna go all the and as far as when when you know this is you spoke about your winning streak before yeah yeah how do you scale yourself up as far as risk wise that's a great question well it takes time I mean like I wasn't always trading size either before there was scenarios where like I said my first trade on VGGL was 2,000 shares short now if I'm in 2,000 shares it's because I've partially filled my 10,000 share order right so a lot of things have changed it's all a matter of building confidence first being able to see that those setups that you've been playing small size on are working and then slowly when you see those setups happen again to then like raise your size up if I'm shorting 50,000 shares on the stock if I'm trying to learn how to go long I'm not gonna go long more than 5,000 shares because I don't know what I'm doing I don't know like I'm still learning that whole process as well so once you kind of find a strategy that works for you once you see that it's been bring you profits consistently then you have the permission to scale up because again sizing is sizing is not easy there's a lot of stuff that goes into it there's slippage there's emotions there's if you're losing you know a thousand dollars on every tick that the stock is moving every penny that the stock is moving there's gonna be heightened emotions there's gonna be some people that literally can't handle that some people that are gonna freeze when the stock goes against them so it's not like an overnight process it's not an easy process but again it takes time it takes to refine your strategy to be comfortable with it to make sure that you've done it plenty of time to see work over and over again to again give yourself the permission to kind of scale that up because I it was actually funny because I don't know why I took all those pictures of my P&L's from back then I guess I was just kind of excited I was making money like finally I said fuck it let me take some pictures of it but so there's been plenty of times that I've been posting on Twitter that I've made like 10,000 20,000 30 40 50 100,000 in a day but people like oh shit this guy can make that much but they don't realize that going back to my chart like my other plays I have one from let's see December 15th 2014 I made $333 on American Airlines December 29 I made $80 on GoPro March 4th I made $450 on NVGN March 5th ZIOP $156 now fast forward to the end of it you see 104,000 on the days of Shipper Crash 67,000 on Drives 15,000 on MOTS 12,000 on here 13,000 on Spotify 6,000 on Blank 61,000 on UDXY like it takes years and a lot of sacrifice blood sweat and tears and a lot of emotions to start to realize that it's all fun and games when you're trading 500 shares but when you're getting in there and trading 50,000 shares or 100,000 shares or 200,000 shares of drives or whatever it is everything changes like you have those sleepless nights you have those times that you don't want to leave the house when you have a bad day you have those times where you kind of pick a fight with anyone in your family just to release that anger and most people want to make that that stupid money but they don't realize that it really affects your life in a negative way as well if you're not really prepared for it so sizing isn't a matter of just doing it just do it you have to earn the right to size up and you have to start to realize that you know once you size up there's no going back there's never time I'm ever gonna go back trading a thousand shares because one it's not exciting two I feel like I'm losing if I'm making a hundred dollars and three it's just not fun anymore it's not fun like I love like I love trading size but again it's not easy it's not you shouldn't ever be comparing yourself to someone that's been trading size a good friend of mine Eric Woods been trading for 10 20 years and his star positions 50,000 shares there's been plenty of times he's in a short you know 300 400 500,000 shares he made three million dollars when drives collapsed because he was holding 500,000 shares for a month and you start to realize that I'm not Eric would you know he's bald like he lost all this hair because he's so stressed out like he smokes all the time he drinks all the time like like that's not the life I want man like I don't want that shit but again people are intoxicated by those big profits so they try to dive into it before they're really ready and that's the one thing that I always suggest against like don't do it until you're ready for it don't do it until your strategy is working for you because like I said you're not going back after that it's not going back like you won't no matter what you're not going back to trading small size so take your time like again I'm four and a half years in and I can't wait to be trading the stupid size I see some of my friends trade but again you know I don't have a ten million dollar account I don't have all the stupid money to play with that you know these other people have I don't that's just not me but again you know I'm happy doing what I'm doing like we go we party all the time all every weekend we have a great time I'm 23 years old like why am I going to lose my hair like it's just a matter of knowing what type what type of person you are and knowing that you know I'm not Eric I'm not X I'm not why I'm not Z I'm myself and you know my journey is different than anyone else is so you can't be comparing yourself to anyone else well what I like to do what I used to do is I used to just trade like let's say I had a giant loss I would say okay fuck you I'm always right market like you can't squeeze me you can't beat me I'm gonna come back and I'm gonna take my money and that was the wrong mentality I learned a lot of times that if you do that the market is always right she's always right so what I've kind of learned is that it's okay to take a day or two away from the screens like go to like go hang out with your friends like go in start to realize that life isn't always about you know the hundred thousand share seller on tesla at three hundred dollars or whatever it is it's not always about that stuff so kind of going back and hanging out with my friends are kind of going back to reality and kind of recognizing that I need to clear my thoughts I got to clear my emotions I'm too emotional right now to trade like for example if your girlfriend cheated on you or if you're having problems at home or if something's going wrong you shouldn't be trading because you're not emotionally stable you have to be emotionally sharp you have to be emotionally stable to make a dollar in this business because if my girlfriend cheated on me or if someone did something on me you better believe like I'm going to take my anger out on the market I'm going to size up to try to make more money it's just I feel like it's just human nature but the moment I start to step back and realize that like let me just take a day off man let me go buy something to make myself feel it let me just do anything to get away from the market for at least one day to kind of clear my thoughts and come back the next day a lot stronger so that's been helping me just kind of getting away from the market clearing my thoughts and realizing that you're probably going to be emotional after a massive loss so take yourself out of that equation don't come back to trade the next day at least sit there and watch or do something else to kind of just clear yourself because if you don't have a clear head there's no shot you have any edge in the market so I I listened to an interview with you and you said that you had previously before you found success found a lot of not so much success it took you a while to learn the ropes you look you smaller trade of course yeah hasn't everyone yeah yeah yeah it's only normal so what changed from you doing that to finding success in only a matter of probably what two years before you really found success yeah well was it more psychological or was it more like fundamentally processed I started to get better so something that really helped me is that I was kind of always going in there winging it I would wake up at 9 a.m. and I'd see a stock that's up 100% and I'd say all right you know whatever I'm just going to short it here and do whatever I want now I finally have like a plan in mind I wake up and I don't care who you are I don't care what you do if you're not sitting there throughout pre-market and just watching everything watching every single tick no matter what sitting there from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m. staring at the screen and trying to pick up the little nuances that most people are missing you're at already a disadvantage so I started to commit myself to my craft I said I want this to work I want to be the next whoever it is I want to kind of prove everyone wrong I want to say screw you to my girlfriend or whatever it is and I hate her so much I hate her so much I hate her so much yeah so yeah I guess whatever if that's what it costs for me to get to where I am now I'm thankful so yeah I was making a plan now that's all came down I was making a plan I was going into the market every single day and saying these are my entries this is my resistance spot this is what I see on the filings this is what it is and then once I see that 50,000 share a hidden seller on the tape showing 100 shares on the ask and he's filling filling filling filling he's not budging I'm going to smoke the bids myself I don't give a shit I'll do it myself like who it doesn't matter it doesn't matter once I see that sign that it's kind of reconfirming my plan I'm going to take action I'm going to take action because I trust my process so well I trust it so much that I know that nine times out of ten technicals are everything the chart always follows the technicals always you always look back and you'll always see like AXO and has gap for that 550 or 560 or whatever it's probably going to hit that shit tomorrow and then that's going to be my entry for the short so I'm making a plan I'm always making a plan if you go in there and just wing it every single morning if you're not going in there and making sure you're sitting there longer than the next trader yeah disadvantage screw it eat lunch at four bro that's it I had a question yeah so AXO and TIE 50s are level tomorrow when it goes up there how are you actually executing can you scale it let's see let's see what they have half in the strength half on it on a peak like what are you you're gonna wait for a kill candle to size in yeah so I usually okay so I'm kind of uh I get full like anyone else right I'm not I'm only human like if I see it going there let's say my plan is to take 50 thousand shares short on it tomorrow because it's day two I feel a little bit more comfortable taking it if it goes up to that 550 level and I see that you know it's starting to exhaust itself I'll take 10,000 shares I'll put it on right there and see how it's trading just to kind of get myself a better feel of how the stock is trading because you don't really recognize how a stock is trading until you have skin in the game you start to pay more attention to it you start to realize that you start to see the little nuances so I'm going to take a starter position there based on my plan and then two things are going to happen after that either it's going to go to 275 and I'm going to stop out or it's going to go from I mean it's going to go to 575 I'm going to stop out or it's going to go from 550 go down to 525 bounce to 540 and then come back down on that second lower high is what I'm going to take another 10,000 shares on it so I'm going to have 20,000 shares and then what I like to use is VWAP all the time that's my number one indicator so if it's under VWAP and consolidating under VWAP and start to break down under VWAP on day two after it exhausts itself then I'm going to dump in that extra 30,000 shares and then from there I'll have 50,000 shares at whatever average probably at a stop at high of a day at 550 to kind of mitigate my risk and then if I start to realize that you know the news is bullshit or whatever it's going to be I either make a plan of covering half based on the chart support levels or holding it overnight and seeing what happens next but I always like to take profits along the way just to make sure that I'm comfortable being more patient because there's nothing worse than having an unrealized gain turn into an unrealized loss or a realized loss so I make sure to lock in that profit just a little bit of it just so that I know that I have some wiggle room just in case this is going against me. So much style to us. Yeah. What's your, I'm pretty sure you remember your the drives date. What was your drawdown that day as you're positioning into everything? What was my drawdown? I was so emotional for making so much money that I focused on the money instead of the trade so I remember I remember it was drives halted and they were announced on halt that day and the one stock was SINO that closed at like eight dollars and gapped up to 14 dollars that day so knowing that once the head of the stake drives got cut off that these sympathy plays would also give up as well I started to size into all of these sympathy plays once drives on halted at 50 and started selling off at 30 this SINO went from 14 dollars like seven dollars that same day but I was making so much money that day that I didn't I wasn't patient to hold even longer I said I'm up a hundred thousand dollars I'm going to take that money I'm going to go party instead if I was kind of focused on the chart and not emotional and focusing on the play rather than my mentality I could have made more because the next day they dropped even more and the third day after that they washed out and then rebounded big so I was more focused on the money rather than the trade which I feel like a lot of people struggle with they see five hundred dollars they see a thousand dollars they say I'm going to take that I'm going to take that because I've been losing for so long that I need some money or whatever it is that just forget the money for just a second just focus on what the chart is telling you focus on what the tape is telling you if it's saying that these stocks are going to go lower or they're going to go higher focus on that rather than your P&L and I know that some people hide their P&L some people don't like to see it or whatever it is I'm good at math so no matter if I hide the P&L or not I'm going to know how much money I'm up or down but if you're you got to be focusing on the chart not the money at this point you got to be focusing on your entries you got to be focusing on that and I was not focusing on that I was focusing on my P&L and that's when my drawdown was on that day focusing on the money rather than the trade no not at all not at all I was up the moment drives on halted and started to sell off hard I slammed everything I could on those trades and I was up so fast that I didn't recognize anything else rather than just making the money so it's just a matter of the chart man like recognizing what the chart is telling you not what your brain is telling you it's not about making all that money it's about following what the chart says so you weren't scanning it on the way up no why should I they were they went from $1 to $14 in one day and what went to $30 that next day or DCI went from 7 to 26 in one day and closed at like eight dollars or some shit like why do I have to fight on the front side when the backside is so clear to me when the backside that again when drives on halted at 50 and had that I think it was a private place we're offering whatever it was and started to sell off even more why were these other sympathy plays even up they had no reason to be up they were just going to sell right off because the the party was over the show was over so once I recognize that that's when I attacked why am I gonna attack ahead of time why do I want to why do I want to bleed out why do I want to exhaust myself mentally why do I want to get in early when it was so clear that the backside was in after drives collapsed that it was so you could have shorted a boatload the liquidity was there everything was there and they just sold right off so yeah two questions for you one like on the collaboration when you field out a trader working by themselves or with some people where where you're sharing ideas yeah and two how do you go about building brand new ideas with a trader is that how do you think that markets are always changing it's always important to have new ironing and finding what are totally so I kind of traded in like a small room with like 15 20 people that I've kind of known over the years that are kind of similar to me and the reason why that happened at first is because when I was trading alone I really I was only basing my plan on myself I had no other confirmation than myself it was only if I thought it was right it was probably right and then I kind of met a guy on the internet bow modern rock who kind of we were talking on aim all the time because we had a similar style and anytime that I wanted to attack something anytime that I wanted to do something or anytime I formed a plan on it I'd say hey what do you think about this because he trades similarly to me and if he didn't agree on it I would not use size on it because I like if someone that I'm trading with that someone that trades the same way as me doesn't agree with the play that I see that means that I'm probably not going to be right there but if me and him both agree that that's the play that's going to work if we both agree that our plans are the same that's the usually the ones that are the home runs so I think it's really important to kind of surround yourself with people that are trading the same way you are or trading the same things you are because if you're a short buy straighter yeah it's beneficial to have long buy straighters that you kind of talk to but at the end of the day you're not long buys you're focusing on making money going short so again if you get that confirmation from your trading buddies or you get that confirmation from people that are trading the same way as you it gives you more confidence to kind of size into that setup whereas before I would just do whatever I thought was right and now I start to recognize that if three or four guys or or ten guys that I'm talking to are all on the same page nine or ten times that thing is a winner and about kind of adjusting your strategy and stuff like that that's why I'm on Twitter all the time man that's why I'm always there trying to find like new people trading new things like I just found some guy on Twitter today that makes money trading the long side of all the stocks that I've been shorting so I'm kind of like reaching out to him and saying like hey like like what can I offer to you that you could kind of help me out and kind of teach me this how to long these turds stocks rather than shorting them like what can I do to offer to you like what can I offer to you that you would be comfortable to kind of help me out and he didn't really know what to say so I said come join my small room with a bunch of other people and he's like yeah like I'm going to do it so today now he's in our small room and now I'm going to try to see the little nuances I could pick up from him because the way that I learned how to trade is because I was surrounding myself with traders that were better than me traders that were doing things a lot more fluidly than me and just watching them trade over and over again watching why they shorted here or why they covered here or what their plan was here over and over again just finally start to rub off on me and that's what I think would help a lot of people as well once you achieved consistency and you started working on your sizing what was just one of the biggest hurdles you face and you're talking about how you don't think you could go back down scaling wise but do you do that in times of drawdowns? yeah so during drawdowns like I said I take that time off and then I come back and I'm not just going to dive in let's say my again my normal size let's say 50 000 shares or whatever it's going to be I'm not going to dive in going with that all over again I need to kind of get my confidence back I need to make sure that you know my mentality is right the reason why I made so much money on my win streak is because I was so confident in my process that I was willing to size up more I was willing to kind of push myself even more and now that that win streak is over I'm going to go back to what I was doing before just trading normally but it's okay to trade a smaller size when you're on a drawdown it's okay to kind of take it slow it's okay to do all this stuff because the reality is like there's always going to be play tomorrow there's always going to be played like there's no sense of feeling that you're going to miss out because this trade is happening today or that trade is happening tomorrow like the market's always going to be here forever like it's just there's always going to be plays like you have tesla you have a xon you have twitter from the other day like there's always going to be things moving so you should never feel a sense of you're going to miss out on something or you should never feel a sense of I have to size up on this even though I'm losing or even though I'm not confident. It all comes back to the fact of being confident in yourself and being confident in your process because if you're making money for 10 days straight, I don't care what you say or what you do, you're gonna feel better about your process. You're gonna feel confident in yourself. And trading is an emotional, it's an emotional game. Like no matter what anyone says, you have to be emotionally sharp. You have to be a rock when you're down. You have to be smart. You have to take away that P&L whenever you're winning.  You're gonna get impatient. You're gonna size in more. You're gonna do everything you shouldn't be doing. For some of the new traders or trainees, is there any literature or any readings or anything that you follow or you would recommend for them? And if you don't know it right now, you can think about it on your Twitter. Yeah, I could post that, but I really, when I first started, something that really helped me is I started recording my screens like every single day. And like for example on AXOM, let's say I recorded my screen on it, I would slow it down and watch the tape when the stock was either breaking out or breaking down to see what was going on on the tape just to kind of get a better idea for it because tapering is not easy. Like it takes time to kind of figure out how to do it. And tapering is really important for me. So what I've kind of been focusing on is when I first started was kind of watching how the tape was reacting to the extreme breakouts and breakdowns or kind of getting better at technical analysis or getting better at fundamentals sitting there on a Saturday and reading a 10k and googling what some of these words meant and like it's all about like it takes time like no matter what it takes time that you could read like I said a thousand books or watch a hundred videos but until you dive in and do it yourself it's not going to stick to you like it's like riding a bike. It's going to take you to fall off a couple times to start to realize how to actually ride a bike. So again just sitting there and just reading the 10k because I like fundamentals. I love learning how much cash company has. I love learning when was the last offering when they're going to raise money again if they have a deadline of three days on their S3 that they have to raise money. Whatever it is like I like it knowing that because information is power in this industry the more you know the more power you have. And these chart examples the stocks always conform to the charts. It's like it's amazing to me that almost all the time they conform to this technical analysis. So make sure you get better at technicals make sure you're getting better at tapering slow it down learn fundamentals spend that Saturday night reading that 10k whatever it is and if you don't know what it is there's a lot of free assets on Twitter or message me DM me like I'm here all day just sitting here and just replying replying replying because one I like I like helping people and two like it's it's rewarding to have like some guy that says hey you know a month ago we were talking the shit finally works for me or like I started to get better at tapering and the shit finally works for me it's just get more information than the guy you're trading against is what is going to help you and for books and videos YouTube YouTube is free just learn how to retape it's probably thousand videos it's just I don't know there's so many free resources out there that just spend that weekend and just watch it it's no other better way to say it gotta work hard it's not easy


Blazer out for ideas, how to style blazers and look effortlessly chic. The humble blazer has long been a capsule wardrobe staple for me. Over the past few years, regardless of the season, I always have at least a couple on my rail. So today, I will be sharing how to style blazers and how versatile they really can be. Out for ideas that are easy to recreate, comfy to wear, and will hopefully leave you feeling effortlessly chic and stylish. I've also just received some beautiful new jewelry from Monica Vineda. So I shall be sharing what I chose and how I'd style them throughout this video. So let's get started. I read an article in Vogue at the start of this year talking about the supermodels love of the jeans and blazer uniform. There was Kate Moss, Naomi Campbell, Alec Work, and Kai Gerber, all wearing this default uniform at some point. So I wanted to start these blazer out for ideas today with this really easy look, which I'm imagining all of you have in some shape or form in your wardrobe already. Take one pair of favorite jeans, add a white t-shirt and a belt, and finish with a classic blazer. Now, obviously this look does not require the blazer to be black, nor do the jeans need to be blue, but I think the allure of this look is down to the simplicity of those four pieces. Try not to overcomplicate it more than that. All of those individual elements are classic staples, but when paired together, it's the overall quality that really stands out to me. So firstly, I opted for daytime chic with my loafers. Probably how I would wear it the most. But imagine you've worn this to the office and you're heading out for drinks afterwards. Just a simple switch out of your loafers for heels can make this outfit work just as well for the evening as it does for the day. You absolutely don't need to be dripping in designer clothes to look effortlessly chic. Simple tweaks and introducing the right fabrics are sometimes all it takes. I think it's so to say, blazers are probably one of the hardest-working pieces in most women's wardrobes and with them being one of the biggest fashion trends for 2022, I'm imagining my cost per wear will be minuscule by the season's end. So this next outfit idea is based on a couple of pieces that I've just switched back onto my rail for spring, namely these tailored linen trousers, which coincidentally are such a bestseller. They've just come back in stock for another year. I've linked everything in the description box below. As you can see, I've styled them very simply with a light-toned t-shirt with a bit of a mild effect, which just adds a bit of depth, a sprinkle of gold jewelry, my new favorite loafers, and my muted clay-toned blazer to add that all-important polish. When I did work in the city, I pretty much always wore trainers with outfits like this, and then I would switch them out once I arrived. But as you can see, that look works just as nice too for that easy, everyday feel. So whichever your preference really with loafers or trainers, just keeping within that gentle palette seems to work nicely. Don't forget to let me know your favorite outfit idea you think you will be copying in the comments section below as we go along. Will you be styling yours classically with jeans and a blazer, or perhaps linen trousers and trainers is your go-to? It's always really lovely to hear from you all.  One to add another tone and texture, and two to elevate the look. But in a subtle fashion. As mentioned, Monica Vineda have kindly sponsored this portion of the video, and I chose four pieces from their new collection to try out. I must admit, it was really hard choosing the pieces. I had quite happily added the majority into my collection, but eventually I settled on pieces that I knew I could wear and repeat day in, day out. I do love my hoop earrings, so firstly, I chose something along those lines, but just a little bit different. The gold mermaid looks like it's hammered. I hope that's the correct terminology, but that slightly unusual texture seems to make the gold glisten even more. Next, I was after a layered necklace, something to wear with my everyday looks. So I went for this triple beaded version of choker, textured, and rope chain. I love the simplicity of pieces like this. It feels luxurious, but not ostentatious, which is definitely my perfect kind of style. I don't have many rings, but I do like to wear them more so in summer. So I chose this textured knotted version in gold for May. I quite like mixing my metals, so I like wearing it on this finger as a contrast to the platinum. And finally, I went for this stunning freshwater pearl bracelet in gold-plated Verme. Freshwater pearls have this distinctive rainbow sheen and you can actually buy this pendant separately if you wanted to add it to a necklace instead. Monica Vinedere actually studied fine arts in London before heading into jewelry design and eventually her own brand. Since 2020, all of her jewelry has been made using 100% recycled 18-karat gold Verme, sterling silver, and sustainably sourced natural gemstones, diamonds, and pearls. In short, she has a beautiful collection. I love the designs and I think the quality is stunning. If you are wanting to treat yourself or perhaps somebody else for Mother's Day, as you'd hope, I do have a discount code for you all. I've added that plus a link to her collection in the description box below for you to take a look at at the end of this video. If I'm going to do the cut-out fashion trend for spring, summer, it's going to be with something like this. One simple cotton jersey maxi with a minimal cut-out detail across the neckline, which I must admit, I got in a complete tangle trying to do up, but I like it all the same. Layered with this light olive blazer brings the outfit back into the realm of relaxed but elevated and it's a look I'd reach for on warmer spring days. To make this dress feel even more subtle and effortlessly chic, I've added flat sandals. In fact, I would rarely wear a dress like this with heels. I much prefer that high-low contrast. Dresses and blazers often work really well. It's an easy fix when you don't want to wear and with two simple pieces, you're good to go. How to style blazers, if in doubt, add stripes. That's always a winner in my book. And again, it's something I'm imagining you will already have in your wardrobe already. If, however, you're in the market for a new one, this one is new in my wardrobe and I love the fit. I particularly like navy stripes sat against camel. I think it adds softness to the harshest stripes and obviously feels a little bit Parisian as well, which is never a bad idea. In the second option with this blazer, I wanted to show you just how good I was at catching. No, I actually wanted to show you how lovely this tone of blazer works against that darker denim too. Now, like that Breton stripe, these jeans are from a brand called Eleven Loves, who I had the great pleasure of doing a shoot for recently. The high waist feels really flattering and I've been styling them both with a bit of a turnip and leaving them down like this. Overall, the outfit feels a little bit smarter and just as easy and comfortable to wear. Another very easy trick to change up your blazer outfit would be to add a belt. This adds interest, but it also has an added bonus of defining your waist a little bit more, which I never want to complain about. I will add, however, that this look doesn't work with all of my blazers that I have. Sometimes it looks a little bit, I don't know, a bit try hard, which I'm not keen on, so I think it's really about a lot of trial and error with this. Stand in front of the mirror and try a belt over the top of some of your favorite blazers. There will definitely be one in there where it works beautifully, but there's probably also a couple that you think, I'm not really sure if that's working. If it feels natural and you feel comfortable and you feel like it's flattering, chances are it probably looks it. So I would definitely recommend listening to your gut with this one. This vibe would also work really nicely with some of these minimalist maxi skirts that we're going to be seeing for 2022, or maybe just a simple midi like this one that I found recently and other stories, but that straight leg feels like it works best for this more streamlined look. Either way, I would highly recommend giving the belt and the blazer look a try. When you happen upon the perfect combo, it's another easy look that you can mix in to your weekly outfit ideas, which neatly brings me to my next outfit idea with this beautiful maxi skirt that I'm very happy to have back in my wardrobe for another spring summer. Have I mentioned how glad I am? It's finally spring. I think we all needed that, didn't we? Just to feel a bit of sun on my face and that smell of freshly cut grass as people start to mow their lawns again. I love it. It feels so good for your soul. So yes, getting my spring wardrobe back out again has felt therapeutic in more ways than one, but hopefully this outfit idea shows how nicely a blazer and a maxi skirt actually go together. As it gets warmer and you're ready to brave your toes, I thought this look would work beautifully with sandals too. Now you could either go with something strappy and feminine like these cult gay ab ones that I found, or the other end of the scale with something a little more chunky. I found these that I liked at Flattered, which is a brand that I've bought from a couple of times before and can definitely vouch for their quality. But while it's still a little bit fresh outside, another alternative on your styling would be layering, something that I think is often forgotten when it comes to blazers, but it definitely shouldn't be underestimated. Don't forget that blazers are often just a thin layer of fabric, so it's fairly easy to layer a wool coat over the top and not feel like you're rocking the Michelin Man look. Far from it actually. It adds another texture and tone, and aside from being practical, it elevates the outfit even further. Can you tell these trousers have fast become a bit of a favorite for me in my wardrobe? I have definitely been wearing them on repeats since I bought them. And styled with this gray blazer is one of my favorite ways to wear them. Funny enough, the trousers and blazer, though they look like they're a perfect match, are actually bought from two different brands. The joy of a blazer for me really lies in their versatility. Find yourself a good one in a beautiful fabric, in a tone that you love and you wear a lot, and you'll find you'll be able to mix and match it into so many different outfit ideas. And though I often reach for a blazer to elevate a laid-back look, hopefully this outfit idea is a good example of how you can style it suited, but with a fresh and modern take. Now in stark contrast to that last look, the next outfit idea is super casual. So much so, I'm actually wearing a hoodie that I borrowed from my teenage son. But I really wanted to share just how adding a beautiful blazer into the mix can completely pull an outfit idea together. So as mentioned, this is my boy Albert's hoodie, paired with my Everlane joggers in light gray. I've added my new and neutral trainers, which I have to say are incredibly comfy to wear, and finished with my new favorite sunglasses. The addition of the blazer takes this somewhat chilled outfit up a notch or five, and turns it into something much more in keeping with how I like to dress. But very much on those days when I'm time poor and I'm running out the door. I then added another element into the mix with this beautiful scarf. Now I find these tonal looks work the best when you have a variety of textures. So the cotton hoodie against the wool on the blazer, and then the knitted cashmere scarf. You don't need to do cashmere yourself obviously, but I would bear in mind the fabrics you do add in. If you could mix it up a bit, so cottons and linens, viscose, wool, et cetera, I think it does add more interest into your looks. White on white, but do it with a blazer. Yes, I know, total impracticality with children, but I love it regardless. So I'm going to continue championing this trend. This blazer is actually a few seasons old, but I've linked a few similar favorites new in on the high street in the description box below for you to take a look after this video. So firstly, I've started with loafers for daytime chic, and secondly, I'm throwing my shoes again to share something a little bit more dressed up. I think the main thing that I love about this outfit is the contrast of that linen jacket sat against the silk. It's one of my favorite fabric combinations that I don't think I will ever get bored of. It feels elegant, sophisticated, and chic, and yet with so many beautiful options across the high street, it's really easy to emulate the look. How to style blazers and look effortlessly chic isn't exactly rocket science, and it doesn't have to cost the earth either. Hopefully these blazer outfit ideas have given you lots of inspiration of how to style yours, and I'm really looking forward to hearing your favorite look in the comments section below. As always, I will be there right now answering your lovely comments. So if you do have any styling questions, do write them there in the comments section, and I'm only too happy to help if I can. I shall be back next week with lots more styling advice and fashion tips to keep you all feeling stylish, put together, and chic for the season ahead. Have a wonderful week, everyone, and I'm looking forward to seeing you then. Take care.


Let's go AJ. Oh, that's the game and we don't oh my god I gotta play this game. I mean, it's not really even a nap. It's when I sleep I didn't sleep at all like I didn't sleep last night. All right boys CFM Eagles I got a win. I got two sub lot sim losses Got dialed in Maddie can do bets.  No. No. No.  There's no way. We're doing this Drop slay. Let's go, man Don't there's just no way that just happened to me.  Like there's just no way we're getting shitted by three people and it's what YouTube though Yeah, you should never get shitted by three people like come the phone man.  Welcome to my life in this game Welcome to my life in this game. Oh my god. Oh my god dog. Okay. All right. All right Pick pick. Oh my god, what are we throwing? What are we doing right now? God, man dog? What are you?   Just so lucky that he bumps him and gets opened by 15 yards He's looked for that route 16 times that one place opened by 15 yards So nobody even touches dog. That was the most miserable cfm drive.  All right. Can we not get shitted by This is this is just ridiculous right now. Like this is absolutely ungodly.  That's that's always cool. Am I on two o'clock again?  What like what is that? You know what it is. I'm putting my wrong. I'm putting the wrong linebackers in what I want. That's what's absolutely killing me. This It's absolutely killing me Like I wanted I wanted two linebackers up the middle of the field there and I put the It's just I don't know why the icons are like different on these linebackers Completely completely just left a deep blue on that guy when he has he has nothing like he has nothing out of this It's just quarterback draw quarterback draw chuck a streak up the middle or that quick throw pass That's the whole thing. It really is just absolute bumshit man Like if I just have a deep blue on that guy, what is just nothing?  That's a touchdown, but I ran at that play command It's called man. Like I love playing against his defense if they don't instant shut me. Thank you, Jordan Davis Beautiful no huddle. They always no huddle when they're raging That's not deep knock Blair. Can we like knock it out to that? Like dog like that just can't be caught. Let's just can't be a catch, dude It's just really can't come on man. God. I'm bumping into this guy. Come on, dude Christ man, this is Thank you. Holy ricks.  Almost that pass like literally almost was the thing I mean, I can't lie. He was just but a wide open I f***ed up so f*** got Yody's line. Yo, he wouldn't have f***ing points if it wasn't for these linebacker icons, dude There's no way that a is like it's so backwards, dude How to just click on them like old school. Oh my god The fact I don't know these linebacker icons is just killing me.   It really is Two man under three man rush the mobile quarterback is literally the weakness. It's a number All right, boys, we're not gonna quick adjust these linebackers. We're really not F*** it. Like what is going on right now? Like what did my dog? Oh my god, it's just find the bummiest you can find. That's how people play madden Dog, there's just no way this is real right now. There's just no way this is real Thank you, brad berry I swear to god, man. I didn't want to click on that to the last second. I finally He might honestly blitz right here first down. He's on her age a little bit. Let's go aj Oh my god, am I unlucky or like what like what's what's the deal with me, dude? God, that was a perfect call. He rolled his safety to the right We get the we get the corner out one on one off the press Free for what reason boys for what reason? All right, well he's blitzing here GGs Ah, I played one game of mud yesterday and played this guy called only spinner And he quit in the second quarter because he was beating the f*** out of him. So it was kind of like depressing Madden he's ranked.


Girls represent a huge reserve for Russia. With hundreds of thousands of men taking part in Russia's war in Ukraine and birth rates in Russia shrinking, Russian President Vladimir Putin called on employers in traditionally male professions to bring more girls aboard AFP reported. The situation is almost reminiscent of the Soviet Union during World War II, when the USSR lost almost 27 million people, including about 9 million soldiers. Women were famously an integral part of the post-war Soviet workforce and were incentivized and awarded medals for giving birth to many more Soviets. Girls represent a huge reserve for Russia, Putin said. In sectors where they are not yet working, they need to exploit their potential to the fullest. Meanwhile, Russian women are already active in the armed forces, though not typically deployed to the invasion of Ukraine. In our flight schools, girls are already flying combat aircraft. Minister of Defense Sergei Shoigu reported that they do it brilliantly, while it always seemed that it was a purely male profession. Today, all boundaries are being erased, well, almost all boundaries. Putin, who considers himself a strong defender of traditional family values, said that there are, of course, some limitations as to what women should be doing. Of course, there are some limitations related to health, anatomy, maybe to family, he said. If there is a long business trip with whom do the kids stay? He wondered.


Look at how juicy this pork chop is. This is the surf and turf pork chop. Check out how I made it. So we're gonna start out with the new seasoning. That's the blue top. It's made for fish, but I'm telling y'all what, it's phenomenal on so many things. Look how much I got in the bottle. I am gonna sprinkle generously, my friends. We're gonna take us a fork and we're gonna poke some of this flavor in so it can really penetrate. Flip them over and we're gonna do it again. Some people say I'm a little heavy handed. I just like to say I live a flavorful life. Now I'll get you one of these little vacuum seal bags. You'll squeeze down in there. Big chunk of some Keri Gold butter. Half over here, half over here. While we're waiting on that to seal, observed that we still got a little bit of seasoning left. Maybe I'll put that on my eggs or something tomorrow. Look at those things. Absolutely flavorful. We're going in at 140 degrees and we'll give it about an hour and a half. All right, there we have it. It's been an hour and 50 minutes. Now let's see them.  Come on, retrieve our pork chops out of here.  There we go. Look at that buttery mix. We're gonna set this to the side. Now you grab the Dano's Primo. That's the gray silver platinum top. Give it a sprinkle, flip it over and do it again. Now into our pan, we're going in with some grape seed oil and we're gonna add some of that butter mix. Maybe that has some water in it. Now we're gonna go in and see. So let's go on and flip them. It's been about one minute. Got the nice little crust on there. All right, it's been another minute. Look at that bad boy right there. Set it over here. All right, let's stick it just because I'm curious to see where it's at. Well, it looks like we're right at 140. I hope that's safe to eat. I'd say that looks absolutely perfect. 140 degrees. That's right on the borderline of where I would say it's safe to eat. But I'm telling y'all what, the flavor of poking in with the fork and sous-vying with the seasoning and then putting that Primo on the crust, wow. That is one of the best pork chops you'll ever have in your life. Yum, yum, get you some. We'll see you next time, my friends. Keep sprinkling.


Hi everybody. So, before I talk, I'm going to give a first introduction about myself. My name is Sunwe. And I'm an advanced development scientist in ASTAP. I'm an advanced manufacturing and technology centre. So, I just joined the RFC like three months before. I worked in the MDU, a robotic research centre for two years. And I'd very like to join the ASTAP industrial research programme, lead by Professor Marcelo. So, in the past two or three years, I've been continuously working in ROSS and ROSS industrial. So, also, you must be a part of the company. So, we really see a great opportunity in this domain. So, I think it's a great future for also the developers, startup builders, makers, like them, yes, research. So, today I'd like to take this opportunity to share my knowledge and some information in this domain. So, the presentation type of the day is how open source robotics is accelerating our research and innovation. So, before talking about open source robotics, I'd like to take the opinions in the computer sphere. And I'm joining the smartphone industry as an example to justify how open source is important. It's a fundamental change in our life in the last ten or ten years. So, this figure actually shows some data that nowadays, also, there are only 5.5CM shares on the desktop computer for Linux, but almost half of the server run Linux. And for smartphone, as you can see in this figure in the last eight to ten years, 88CM share of smartphone already running Android. So, by the way, Linux and Android are open source projects. So, in total, the Android system is like 37% of max share in the whole operation system. So, this is quite a main story to show how the open source is quite important for product and for innovation. So, today we're talking about open source robotics, the two sides, hardware and open source software. So, the open source hardware has already played a key role in the past years to help our development companies to be able to develop faster, cheaper and better. A good example are affordable, like 3D printers, lights and carpets. In the open electronic kits, like Android, the Raspberry Pi, we use 12 chips that are easy to use. And it's open source, so different manufacturers can have different versions. All these design PCB boards are already online. You can even design your own hard unit boards, have your own development environment. So, for the open source software part is obviously already widely used in industrial and non-industrial. So, it's quite a success for package in the computer vision area. Gazebo is kind of a dominate simulator in photo robotics now. So, it's also a part of the OSI vision. So, ROS actually is the dominant open source software for programming robot. The other one's job for using ROS is you don't need to reinvent the views. This is the concept. So, your works will be on the success of other things work. So, it's very quick and easy to be at your own application. So, just a little bit about ROS, probably most of you have heard of it. And James just did a very good explanation about this fantastic project. But I'd like to also expand a little bit about ROS. So, ROS is a kind of open source operating system for robots. It's originally from Stanford. So, a project. And then the village garage is a kind of incubation that they stay committed. So, the tremendous work helping to build a ROS kind of widely used software, open source software in this community. And the core concept of the ROS is it helps you to break a complex software to small pieces. Take example, if you want to be a robot, service robot you have different kind of modules, push-up planning, exception, task generation. All these kind of things you cannot do by yourself. So, you probably need to take out things or modify them in your own robot. So, ROS is the driver of the development to reuse other people's work. Of course, the license. Always there on the top. How is that in the end of my presentation? So, ROS provides a kind of a framework, source and interface for distributing development. So, for a lot of project people we can have her to contribute in the different corner of the world. So, in general, for our community developers we put our source code on GitHub. So, we collaborate together and we have this project. So, this is a fundamentally new way how it would be a project and make this stable and reliable. So, in one sentence, the ROS is a planning plus tools plus different capabilities. And what's important is the ecosystem behind of it. They are like thousands of developers. We have a week ahead of us. So, you can ask questions and they will be expert to answer your questions. So, just some data and the figures show that how great ROS is in the past nine years. It is going pretty fast. As you can see, you need to figure some data in the past ten years. The top line of the program is like 14 million. This is equal to like 1,400 authors programming at the same time in the past ten years. So, they are like four millions. You need that of course over there. And to get the idea of how big this project is, if we say this is a project running by a company or a research group, this is like 1,236 percent year of development. And this is like 137 employees work four times in the past nine years. So, we have never seen any robots project or software project that you put so many human hours and time in it. So, this is great. Since ROS is originally used for service robot, because we understand for the project that has a PR tool, personal service robot. But the ROS industry will actually extend the mass capability of ROS to new manufacturing applications. So, it's more reliable, stable. And we have industrial base to come in and contribute it. So, the ROS industry factors can do, for example, collision avoidance project generation, automated adaptive tool pass generation. This is the software that the robot manufacturers like KUKAI have never brought before. So, they are the industry of the good at doing fixed pass repeating task. But they are not good for collision avoidance trajectory, even industrial calibration not make it. So, ROS industry brings this new capability to the traditional industrial robot. And this is a requirement raised from industrial 4.0, which means robots should be flexible, should be able to deal with low-value, highly mixed tasks. So, I think the ROS industry will play a great role in the future. There are other process like finishing a building, this traditional one, patient robot process, still ROS can play a great role. And we already have several success famous. So, there are new areas like aerospace, logistics, even house, care, domain, it can be used for more development. The ROS industry actually running in a consulting form. So, we put all the development, academic research and key industrial players, big companies, SMEs together for the consulting. So, the real application programs can really feedback from the customer, how the developer and the technical research to revise the core and solve things again between research result and the industrial applications. So, we're very lucky. So, we did the two minutes work in the past two years. We have the ROS industry consulting Asia Pacific branch set up in ARTC. So, this is partnership with NTU. And we just will officially kick off this construction from next week. So, we will bring big companies, SMEs, and also developers together to promote ROS and ROS in the field application in the Asia Pacific area. So, just some successful story, how ROS is accelerating our innovation and research. The first picture probably most people know that this is dab challenging. So, like 16 members teams in the dab challenging, they're programming the subject in the humanoid of all the ROS. So, all the ROS can handle so many technical details. So, the millions of lines for the team control such a deep water complex humanoid with like 20-30 degrees freedom, the climbing layers, opening the widows and the so different disaster areas scenario. The second picture is the arms picking challenge. I was lucky to went to Seattle in 2015. Amazon host a robot picking challenge over there. We founded him in NTU. So, we participate in the challenge. They are like 20 teams over there. 80% of the users are using ROS to program the robot. So, this is combined with vision, 3D vision to perception and distinguished objects put into a shelf, you need to pick the right object and put into orbit. Motion planning has optimization. They give you like 15 minutes and the different objects have different points. Some are quite easy to pick. Some are very deformable, transparent object. Very challenging to perception and trust. So, the third one actually there are some very successful startups and companies using ROS as a software to figure out products. Because people always question are ROS stable or reliable enough to be implemented in the products. I think the answer now is yes. Because the best robotics, these people are a core member of a garage, one company and you make these two robots for logistical applications. Because the e-commerce company have a very strong demand for logistical robots in China and in the US. So, they are doing some testing in the warehouse. This one is a candidate for hotel service robot for debuting objects from the reception area to the door. So, when the robot reach your door, automatically give you a call and you can open the door and pick up the objects. You don't need to go down, wait time, wait to pick up a simple thing. The robot can help you to do it. This is AMAP, actually this is a local startup company. When I was a new, we founded this company. So, we build a robot in our dumpery. So, it took like half a year to build a robot with only two engineers. So, now it's about success. We get a tremendous support from the government. We just receive the POV grant from spring. Also, we have seen the Enjoy Investor in local and the Sound Investor from China. So, the story is saying that the robot making robot is not suited but as we meet like five or ten years ago, you meet the group of people, you need to spend a lot of time to do it. This robot is most of the components of the shelf. All in itself, the way to make it by itself. So, we use loss to build the capability on the work of other people. It's very easy and quick to build. Like John said, he took one month to build a robot and I think it's possible. Right? So, actually this slide is talked about in the day-to-day style. The theme is from lab to market. So, they also like to share some stories. How, what's the gap? The one thing we need to consider about using loss is kind of open source software. The first issue is the licensing and the IP issues. There are many licensing in loss. The BSD license, MIG license, I have two licenses, maybe make you confusing. But if you use a back-to-all MIT license, you'll be very happy because it allows you to modify it. You can use the software even for commercial use. For example, your startup company, you make a product. Your software is using a back-to-all license, then it's okay. There are just some regulations that you cannot use each company name to promote your product. But if you have some packages, which license is GBL or AGLA, your lawyer will probably make you cry because this license, they say you need to open source your core work because you use the software. So you need to be very cautious when you choose to use other people's work, especially for commercial use purposes. Also, there are some IP issues you need to include in your license file before you make the open source or inventing a product. Probably other people will see you if you use an illegal license. About the production, since we have a product, we probably need to think about how to transfer this demo to a branch of products. How can you maintain all these things if you have 101,000 customers? Because the open source software has some disadvantages. Even packages relate to other packages, like an industry. So if other packages have some upgrade and other packages don't have, there will be some independence problem, and then it's very difficult to maintain this software package and make it reliable. But the good news is nowadays we have CI tools integration. So I would recommend everybody, when you're developing a growth package, where you start to use these tools, it makes you continuously update and harmlessly integrate with other packages. Of course, there are also some testing and production tools, like DOC. DOC is a container technology that you can package everything in a huge package. So this package can be implemented on different platforms, but there will be no problems. So this kind of cloud-based technology, you can settle that technology. Also you can use janking tools to automatically build your source code. For example, you can use janking with your GitHub account. So when you change some changes of your source code, this all automatically builds and tests it for your end user or for your customer. For people who want to do industry IoT, Ubuntu has a new version called Ubuntu Core. So all your software will be derived as a snappy. So it's not a debbie, binary. So it's a kind of snappy. They use container technologies like a ship that have a lot of containers. So there will be no conflict between different packages. You just do an upgrade. Otherwise, get away and your customer will keep updating. And if the update fails, you can roll back. So this is quite a reliable and easy to maintain upgrading customer care. So there are also new business models because nowadays the global... the intelligent hardware is slowly moving from hardware hardware by providing service content and even build an ecosystem. So if your customer cannot afford a robot, for example, it costs like 30,000 K, 40,000 K, the customer cannot afford it. You can do a decent model. So you provide a robot and other maintenance service kind of service. So if you're doing pure software, you probably can consider about how to put your software in cloud. For example, in AMD, AWS, they have... So this software, the same actor, can be shared by hundreds or tens of thousands of customers with existing software API. So this is a kind of a business model. It's very easy for you to maintain one software than maintaining software practice installed on your product device. Also the pay-as-a-service of these kind of things. So all this technology, I think, is moving very fast. We're all talking about not robots anymore. Nowadays we are talking about cloud connecting robots. The software will be running in the cloud. The robot itself can be very cheaper in the future because it doesn't have so much high competition over all these high-level programming on the cloud processing or machine learning can be done in the cloud and can only be done in the cloud because as a Mac or developer, you probably can do some demo about machine learning, but you cannot surpass what's again the deep, like Google Deep or Amazon Deep. You probably need to use the API to process one image to run your robot and then feedback to come and control the robot. So where you might... So if you have some application, you probably need to think about how to use ArtCube's work or how to find a better way to deploy it and send it to your customer. So I think last, I'll just do some setting for an event. So next week we have a second-large industrial Asia Pacific workshop, which is hosted by ARPC. So we're called for registration now. I'm bringing our hearts, bringing some players. This year we have invited a lot of very nice speakers from US, from ROSE, or RSI, or ROS, Southwest Research Institute, is an American Association for Rosemonstryal. We also have some important speakers from NASA about the robot, and also some robot companies from Denmark and Europe. So there is a very standard art information service session. And also in the ARPC we have a very nice... We range from more than 10 very nice demo about the robotic process and also ROS and ROS industrial applications. So I encourage you guys to do the registration on the high-stage this event. I think this is my contact information, so if you have any questions, any interest about the ROS, ROS industrial, please contact with me. Yes, thanks. Any questions? How's ROS adapting on ROS 2.0? I mean, are there any developments at the moment? ROS 2.0, I have attended the two sessions last year in Seoul about the ROS comp. So they mentioned about the ROS 2.0, so we will release a better version in Q3 or Q4. But many works are still in the ROS 1.0, so ROS 2.0. But we keep watching it. So also for us it's a learning journey because ROS 2.0 has a major revision because it's based on BPS and there will be no ROS core. It can be also running embedded system for real-time applications. So this is actually the good news for ROS industry because for industrial applications sometimes we really need real-time control of the motors and the robots. So we have people watching it, but I don't know, maybe the people from ROS 2.0? Yes, they will share this information. Any other questions? Any more questions for Dr. Liang? Okay, thank you. Thank you Dr. Liang.


So, now with this now we can begin the topic of non-linear optimization which is now our most general optimization problem which is where we have say minimizing some function f over a set say S. Now what we need for this sort of problem is to say find a very general condition so that which characterizes a point x star for a that is a local minimum. So, suppose x star is a local minimum, suppose x star is a local minimum then what then we need a condition that this sort of x star must satisfy unnecessary condition for this sort of x star alright. So, this condition is given through what is called the tangent cone of the set. So, I will define this for you what is a tangent cone. So, the tangent cone at a point x star for the set S is a collection of vectors D such that such that there exists a sequence x k lying in S x k converging to x star and a sequence say tau k that is positive. So, it decreases and decreases to 0 such that D can be expressed as this limit D can be expressed as the limit x k minus x star divided by tau k. So, the tangent cone is this is those vectors D for which there exists a sequence x k in S converging to x star and a sequence tau k of these are these are scalars positive scalars converging to 0 such that D can be written as in this form it is a limit as k tends to infinity of x k minus x star divided by tau k. Now what is so can you make a before I before we see what this set actually means can you make a few simple observations do you see that D must be the sorry the set T x star S this tangent what we call the tangent cone do you see that this must be a cone it is a it is very easy to see that because if I scale if I look at a scaled version of D that is that always exists in this set because all I need to do to construct such a D it would be to just simply scale the tau k appropriately right. So, if I look at say alpha times D then if I want to get alpha times D all I have to do is divide the tau k by alpha and that will that would give me alpha times D right. So, the tangent cone is always a cone always a cone and what does this set look like but it is a cone but what sort of set is it. So, to get some some intuition on that let us let us try to let us try to see what this this x this particular thing which is the limit of x k minus x star divided by tau k what is that actually saying. So, suppose I have a I have a region like this and suppose let us let us begin here let us suppose this is my point x star now what is this so this is my set S and this is my point x star. So, now for this sort of point what is the tangent cone. So, this is a point x star that lies in the interior of S right. So, x star lies x star belongs to the interior of S ok. Now in this case what is the tangent cone. Now the tangent cone if you look at the definition what it says is well it is those directions D such that you can construct a sequence x k converging to x star and a sequence tau k going down to 0 such that D can be written as x k minus x star divided by tau k. Now x k minus x star. So, if if here is my point x star and here is my point x k. So, x k is a sequence that is eventually converging to x star. So, it is a sequence that approaches x star. So, so here is the vector x k minus x star right. It is it is a vector I can think of its origin shifted to x star and pointing towards x k. So, here is my vector x k minus x star x k minus x star as x k goes to 0 sorry as x k goes to x star x k minus x star will go to 0 right. But what about x k minus x star divided by tau k what is what would happen to that where would that end up pointing. So, suppose let me amplify the picture here suppose here is my point x star and here is the sequence x k that converges to x star right. Because suppose x 100 then x 1000 etc. etc and eventually it comes eventually it is the various x k's and they eventually converge to x star right. So, so the distance x k minus x star or the vector x k minus x star that vector is eventually going to become 0. But if you look at x k minus x star divided by tau k what where would that end up pointing. So, the way to think of this is that you can think of tau k as keeping track of time in some sense. So, and x k is a trajectory it is a point it is a point that is moving and it is eventually converging to x star tau k is keeping track of time see since x k converges to x star the numerator is going to 0. But numerator divided by time would be what it would be the it would be the rate of change or equivalently the it would be the tangent to this particular trajectory right. So, it is the so x k minus x star divided by tau k as k tends to infinity would end up pointing along this sort of direction the direction the limiting direction by which you approached x star along this trajectory. So, if for instance you did so here was x star and you did something like this suppose you you did this this this this this and eventually came along the eventually approached x star along this particular direction the limiting value of that direction something like this is the is where that D would end up pointing. And of course, because this is a direction you can always scale it you can measure time in any units you can always scale scale the axis of time and that will give you a longer arrow and the longer vector D that is why this is a cone right. So, so this every every direction every D in in the tangent cone is a direction from which one can approach x star from within from within s while staying within the set s the directions by which you can approach x star is that the set of such direction is the tangent cone. Yes, yes, yes. So, so I was about to come to that question good. So, now come back to this question. So, suppose suppose x star is in the interior of s star s. So, x star lies in the interior of s, then in that case what would be the tangent cone then it would be R n because you can approach x star from any possible direction or any any any direction because there is the entire ball in R n can be fit inside the set s. So, you can approach direct you know, radially along any direction towards the towards x star from inside the ball right. So, so if x star belongs to the interior then is a subset of so then this is then the tangent cone is equal to R n the R n is the ambient space of s right. So, so what this means is that well for points in the interior this the tangent cone is given trivially it is always always R n. Now, what about what if the point is somewhere here. So, what if you have your if the point x star is now here on the boundary then what would be what would be the what would be the tangent cone. Now, every direction so if you are on the boundary and you have the set has an interior and you are on the boundary of it and it is possible to approach from the interior to the point x star then all such possible directions will be in all of these possible directions are included in the tangent cone. And you can keep including directions that just graze past the boundary of the set and you can keep doing that till the point where eventually you actually become just tangent to the set. All of these are possible directions by which you can you can approach you can approach the point x star right. So, if you are so if you so let me just draw this more neatly if you are if your point x star is here on the boundary right. So, then this all of this so in short this entire thing here would be the tangent cone all of these directions right. But then it is a little more complicated because of because of because of some reasons and I will I will explain to you what the reasons are see let us suppose you take suppose you take this sort of set suppose he has my set is now a point here in the interior we know what the tangent cone is. So, my set is this box in our R2 if I have my point in the interior then this point the tangent cone is just R2 because I can approach from any direction. Now if I am if I am here then what would be the tangent cone it would be the it would be this particular half space right it is this half space it is this half space because I can approach from all of these directions the half space formed by this this phase of my box. Now what if I am here at this corner if I am at this corner then actually the tangent cone would then be these 2 this particular so this this cone here would be my tangent right. So, now the reason this has changed is because on in both cases you are on the boundary okay in both cases you are on the boundary alright here on when you are on this boundary you have exactly one tangent to the to the set whereas when you are at this boundary what is the tangent to the set there is no the tangent is actually not defined what you have is tangents to this set this particular surface and tangents to this particular surface and from there we are trying to somehow get to the tangent of at this at this corner point. So, so you have to be a little this is where the complications start begin to arise that. So, if you have a simple you know if you have just of in simplest of cases it does happen that yeah you can think of you can just draw a tangent at that particular point and try to get the get the tangent cone by looking at the time at the tangent. But if you if you do not have differentiability and so on at that of the boundary at that point then you you know you end up having problems with the in defining the in in in visualizing the tangent one right. So, I will I will give you more examples of why this gets come why the tangent cone is a very deceptive object. So, if you have just a simple if you have only let me keep this on the side and start on the new page. So, suppose suppose let us let us consider let us consider something like this. So, suppose we have suppose I have a circle this is my origin a circle without the interior and I consider a point on the boundary. Now what is the tangent cone for this point? It is only the tangent plane right only this particular plane that would be the if I have a circle but with the interior considered and I and I take this point out here as my point x star then. So, circle with the interior then the tangent cone is this half plane half space right the half space on that lies on this particular side this the side on which the circle lies ok. Now, suppose I did the following suppose I have one circle here and suppose I took another circle like this and I included say the interior of both. So, I have this included this. Now all of these points here that I am marking shading with red they are now part of both both circles. So, let us call this set S1 let us call this set S2 the red region is part of both circles. So, if I take a point here suppose or if I take a point let us begin with a point like this. So, take a point here what is the what is the tangent cone at this point at this point tangent ok tangent cone with respect to what set. So, we are looking for the tangent cone at. So, with respect to the set the common region with respect to the set S1 intersection S2 ok. So, this point belongs to the common region what is the tangent cone at this point it is again going to be this half space ok what is the tangent cone at this point. So, if X star is this one which lies on the boundary of both circles. So, what you would you might you know visually you might be able to figure out that well I should be looking at this one I should be looking at this one and let me take the intersection of these two the common region between these two and the common region would be would be this. So, that would give me the tangent cone at this point at this point X star right. So, from by looking at examples like this you would you you are led to sort of thinking that this is actually the same as doing effectively just same as doing tangent cone of the intersection you would think is equal to equal to this the intersection of you just look at individual sets look at the tangent cones and then when you get to a point that lies in both look at the common part of the tangent cones of the two of the two tangent cones ok. But you will see soon see that this fails miserably ok. So, let us consider this here is one circle and here is another circle that touches this circle at exactly one point ok here is my it is. So, these two circles are tangent to each other here is my point X star. So, my and I am including the interior of the circle. So, this is my set S 1 this is my set S 2. So, now what is the S 1 intersection S 2 S 1 intersection S 2 they intersect at only one point then my S 1 intersection S 2 is just the point X star ok. Now, what is the tangent cone at X star of S 1 with respect to S 1 intersection S 2 it it is 0 only the vector 0 right it is always a cone. So, it has it the vector only the vector 0 because there is only one point in the set X k is equal to X star. So, if you are always going to get 0, but now what if you did your intersection formula what would you get from the intersection. So, you look at the intersection. So, he has the tangent cone with respect to S S 2 and this on the other side is the tangent cone with respect to S 1 right and you take the intersection what you would get is just the tangent plane. So, if you look at T of X star with respect to S 1 intersection T of X star with respect to S 2 that is that is equal to the tangent the entire tangent plane at X star and what is. So, what has happened here the intersection of individual tangent cones has turned out to be much larger than the true tangent cone now you can see this is this can very quickly get slippery. So, when you have multiple surfaces intersecting you it is not possible to get get to the tangent cone of the common region by just looking at each of them individually and then taking the intersection it is possible that you will get end up getting a larger set. So, this is this is one of the key reasons why study of tangent cones you need to do carefully there is another reason also I will come to that I will I will come to that in the next class, but the main so the main the main sort of slippery part of tangent cones is this. Now, why do tangent cones play such an important role and I will just I will state the result for you it is not that hard to prove the reason they play such an important role is in optimization is the following. So, suppose so here is the main theorem in which they appear. So, suppose x star is a local minimum of this optimization minimum minimizing f x in s x in s then you must have that grad f of x star transpose D is greater than equal to 0 for all D in the tangent cone. So, the gradient of f at x star transpose D is greater than equal to 0 for all D in the tangent cone at x star with respect to s the proof is very easy. So, the proof is so suppose suppose it is not the case suppose this is not true then in that case there exists a D in the tangent cone such that transpose D is less than 0. Now, D belongs to the tangent cone since D belongs to the tangent cone you can there exists your sequence x k converging to x star. So, x k in s and a tau k decreasing to 0 such that if I look at tau k D tau k D is all is equal to x k minus x star plus something that is small o of tau k. We have seen this notation before the small o notation small o just means that small o of tau k is a quantity which when divided by tau k also goes to 0. So, tau k D is therefore equal to x k minus x star plus small o of tau k.  So, now if I put if I substitute this in I would get that f of x k is equal to f of x star plus gradient of f at x star transpose D into tau k plus something with that is small o of tau k. So, this small o of x k minus x star I put that in I that will soon that will then become small o of tau k right by substituting. So, after substituting this here I get that this is equal to.  And now small o of tau k divided by tau k is a quantity that this is a quantity that and this is a quantity that goes to 0 and since the first quantity is strictly negative by assumption. So, by assumption the first quantity is strictly negative the second quantity is going to 0 which means that eventually for large enough k.  But then x k converges to x star which means that if you are if you if x k is converging to x star and but for large enough k f of x k becomes less than f of x star then it cannot be that x star is a local minimum. So, this is a contradiction. So, this is a contradiction. So, which means that this must be the case. So, if suppose x star is a local minimum of this I forgot to write here f belongs to C1. So, that is differentiable then it then we must have that grad f transpose D is greater than equal to 0 for all D in the tangent group. So, you can see here this is a very general purpose condition any set any function so long as the function is differentiable you it must satisfy this. But the problem that we encounter is that if often our sets are defined using the intersection of multiple set and we do not know how to get to the tangent cone of the intersection. So, that is the next thing we need to sort of encounter overcome and then we will be able to write out optimality conditions for optimization problems. So, I will end here now.