Thank you so much, President Clinton, from the bottom of our hearts for helping this movement become real. It was something I dreamt of, but you gave it life. I remember when we were traveling together through Africa, looking at the incredible work you've done with CGI and CHI, and when we talked about it, how you said, if I came back the next day, you said, boy, this is a lot of lives lost, more than we lost in Vietnam, more than we lost in Korea. And if I try to do something about it, you'd help and you'd stay true to that, you've been coming here now. The sixth year in a row, it's humbling, I can't tell you what it means to that child that you just talked about. But I have a hypothetical question. Now that you know what you know for the past six years working together, if you were president of the United States now, what would you do to eliminate this problem? Well, first of all, I think the healthcare budget should be organized around the biggest problems and the biggest opportunities. Right now, basically in the law, the budget, we've made some progress in this. But if you look at Medicare, Medicaid, the veteran system, other healthcare budgets for the government, they're largely organized to serve discrete populations. And then we leave it up to the rest of you to figure out how to fill in the blanks, which is on balance good. But if you know you're missing a big opportunity, for example, in premature hospital deaths, I think we should do that. I mean, when I was really pleased that years ago, before the veterans' hospitals were overrun by the increased survival rates of the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, that's basically what happened to the VA system in America. For those of you who are from the United States, we had more and more veterans living longer from previous wars, so they were being cared for. And then you had far higher survival rates because of the increased impact of battlefield medicine.  So I believe if I were there relevant to what you're doing, I would put more money into trying to solve these preventable problems. And I would do the same thing with the opioid crisis. I think that what a guy's finger is on to something now. I mean, we should simply, 90 plus percent of the impact of the opioid pain killers can be met through other drugs that have no known addictive qualities. So we should start with that and try to stop the gateway door. Then we should recognize we've got a whole bunch of people with serious problems. And the thing that bothers me is that most poor people have no access whatever to any kind of meaningful treatment in the United States. I've been through all of this. I've had Hillary and I have five friends who've lost their children to overdoses. And only, and one for sure and maybe two of them could have been helped only by Narcan. That is, there are still unbelievably a staggering number of people in the United States who do not know the basic biochemistry of mixing alcohol and opioids.  It's unbelievable. They don't know it. There should be, this should be announced at the beginning of every school year and every, literally in every high school in America and every university in America.  And all these people gathered around me and all I wanted to talk about was the opioid epidemic. They were mostly working people playing there, you know, middle-class people. And there was one young man there and his eyes were biggest dollars and he came up to me after it was over and he said, God, I didn't know anybody like you cared about this stuff. He said, I got out of rehab four days ago and I said, how you doing? He said, I'm doing fine, but he said, I want to live. And I got a good family and I've got a sports system. But he said, I think it's a damn shame you have to be as rich as my parents are to save your kid's life. I mean, it was really moving. So we just had a supplemental budget deal made in the United States, which in many ways I think was a bad thing. But one of the good things was they finally put a little more money into the community health centers and I would make a serious effort to try to see that the drug treatment was that we train massive numbers of people on the most effective known strategies and realize they might be only 50% effective, but that's 50% more than most people are getting now. I think that's one thing that really ought to be done in the United States. But generally, I think that our health care system ought to incentivize proven strategies that work so that a guy asked Joe before we came out here, I said, how many hospitals are in the United States? And he said, would you say 5,000? And I said, how many are in the networks? He said 2,000. And then I said, give me some big hospital chains that aren't in it. And he told me and I said, well, I'll see if I can help. We ought to be, everybody ought to be in this. Nobody should be afraid of this. And the thing I like about what this approach is, is that you don't point a finger at anybody.  Just have to ask people to help. Most people do not want to have people die on their watch. But everybody, it's basic human nature, is afraid that they'll be outed for not having done something.  I think that's really important. That's a big problem by the way in this gun debate we're having in America. Talk about a public health problem. In other words, basically the problem you got in America on that is that, I believe it or not, a smaller percentage of households own guns in America than own guns 30 years ago, the percentage of households. So if you're in a gun manufacturer and you want to make more money, a totally paranoid population of gun owners is really good for you. Because then you can get people to go out and buy more guns and more ammunition than they need, and keep upping the sophistication of the weapons because the devil's at the door, the devil's at the door. And we need to create a situation where what I did, we passed an assault weapons ban in 2004 when I was there, and a magazine limit. And we lost 12, 15 congressmen over to second time in the history of America, the speaker of the House who defeated because he stood up for the lives of kids. So these young people in Florida need to be supported, but they're probably going to have to win some elections before we do it. Meanwhile, the gun owners, we should say, look, nobody wants to interfere with your right to hunt, to sports shoot, or to protect your family. But we need your help. We don't think that you like it, that all these kids are being killed. And let's don't pretend that there's some easy way to do this. Look at what happened in Australia, look at what happens in Canada, look at what happens. Any time a country takes a serious position on this, you can drive down the number of mass killings, and it could have been much worse. I mean, did that guy, did that guy, did that guy, did that guy, did that guy, did that guy, first, I mean, did that guy Mandalay Bay in Las Vegas he could have killed 500 people. We're so lucky that it wasn't worse than it was. So I think that, you know, I think we had to keep knocking on the door here. But I would like to see the federal government do more to promote things that we know save money to improve health generally, And they could, with the right sort of incentives, get almost all the hospitals in the country and the patient safety movement. And I think it would be an appropriate thing to do. Thank you for what you did with the assault weapon ban. It's a shame that it expired. And it's a shame that people lost their jobs in Congress. We have someone here, Jeremy Hunt, who's doing some incredible work where he's breaking down some of the barriers I've seen in every other country in regards to transparency, no blame way of looking at harm. And he's got a lot of people criticizing him for it, but it's the right thing to do. And some people are courageous enough to do it. Well again, it depends on whether you really believe cooperation is the best way to solve problems, especially among diverse groups. I mean, we, this is an age of great resentment. And if you expect instantaneous benefits, then you just want to run up to body count on whatever it is. I don't mean body count in the sense of mass killings, but I mean, you know, just zap people. But the truth is, we need to, if you want to rehumanize the world and these countries and deal with these human losses, that's hard work. And resentment is not much of a guide. You've got to figure out who can contribute to solving the problem, who can contribute to seizing the opportunities. And you have to make people give them the emotional space to do the right thing. Yeah, we'd like to make the world sane again, starting with America.   And if you have no feelings, you might as well be a robot.  And so when you come into that kind of network, you have to make allowances. You have to give people the psychic space they need to help to be free to make something good happen. And it's very hard to do that in an atmosphere of constant, relenting resentment. And I think I don't want to get off the subject here, but part of this may just be the stage we're in with the information revolution we're going through. You know, eventually people will become, I hope, immune to fake news and false profits, both P-R-O-P-H-E-T and P-R-O-F-I-T profits. But all this needs to be, you know, it's easy to wig out on something that's wrong and quite another thing to do something about it. But in the end, that matters more. And I think it's fine to give voice to resentments and we all have them and some of them are legitimate and some of them aren't. But in the end, the question comes back to what do you want to do? I've spent, ever since I left the White House, I realized that I had a opportunity out of politics to try to figure out how to help people to get together in diverse groups and figure out how to do things faster, better at lower costs and saying it is a lot easier than doing it. But first, people have to want to do it. They have to have the space to do it, the emotional space. If you want to, this is like these in America that a lot of these gun owners agree that there ought to be restrictions to reduce school shooting and mass killings. So they should be asked for help. Then the people that won't help are still vulnerable to the paranoia machine that is the gun manufacturers lobby, the gun owners. That's really what's driving all this. It's a business model. Then you have to try to defeat them in a free process. And they'll have to be some of both. But I think it's very important if you lived in a big state in the United States where the nearest law enforcement was two hours away from you. There are really a lot of people who live in places where the nearest law enforcement's an hour away, even in the same county. You would probably have a rifle in your home. And you'd probably know how to use it. You'd probably make sure your kids did at an appropriate age. And you would do that. You should, and a lot of those people that will vote against anybody who tries to act on here because they think it's all just an excuse to get their guns. Or they think there's so many guns out there it won't make any difference. And you have to talk to those people with respect and reach out to them. Because a lot of them are really good people.  But they can be snapped. We're all vulnerable to resentment and fear. So the trick is to oppose the people who have made a cold-blooded decision that they're prepared to let these kinds of incidents occur. Because it's part of their business model and the people that are caught in the middle who are just trying to hold onto their way of life. And you have to do both. If you want to make change, instead of just have dueling resentments. You touching back on the opioid crisis. I know I've had the pleasure of knowing you for a while. And I know for the last two years, you've made that one of the strong, big initiatives, two of the big initiatives you're carrying forward. What can we do? What are you doing? What can we do to help with the opioid problem? Well, first of all, there's a big debate. A lot of people think too much is made of this Narcan thing because they think it, like I've even heard law enforcement people say this enables people to use. I personally don't buy that. I think anything that saves a life in an emergency is good. And there's almost no such thing as an unmixed blessing. So are there some negative consequences of knowing you can always fall back on Narcan? Sure there are. Just like we were talking backstage about how you can use your medical technology to, if drug users will use it, to know that they have now used heroin or they have now overdosed and they're about to be in terrible trouble and they can call for help. I still think you ought to do it. A small Irish company ADAPT was the first company in the United States to offer nasal spray Narcan and the FDA approved it in record time. It was a good thing. And they are, as their sales allow, giving away dosages of it to high schools and colleges throughout America. So I think that's a good thing. What our problem is, as I said, the only people who only need that are people who are not yet addicted to opioids and just didn't know they could mix it with alcohol. They couldn't mix it with alcohol. They're more of those people than you think. That's a good thing. But otherwise, you have to detox and then after detox, you have to have access to some sort of treatment. And then you have to have enough follow-up to recognize that and 50% of the cases that won't work the first time are that there will be some sort of relapse. But the idea that I went through that with two people in the last year where, and one didn't, one didn't. It worked. I was almost, I was a statistical example into these cases I was involved with trying to help people. One did, one didn't. But you just can't give up. I mean, we have to see this in society and in places that have this problem as a, you know, something that unless you just wanna give up on these people, you just have to keep doing that. And it's the best treatment that has today a prohibitive cost if it were part of insurance plans and we could get more people into it than the best treatment would, relatively speaking, become somewhat less expensive. And I think that's important. But this is not an easy deal. But I'm just telling you, this is a, it's the number of people who died almost by accident is far higher than people know. I mean, I had one friend of mine had a daughter who was in having trouble with her marriage and they were separated at Christmastime and he was desperate, he called her every day. She was, she spoke French and Spanish and Mandarin fluently. And she was a lawyer and she had just for kicks translated from French into Spanish for commercial sale a novel. Well, she was just practicing along. And he couldn't find her and the police went into her department and found her sitting there watching television, stone dead with a glass of wine in front of her. And so there's a lot of this out there. You know, there's no, not a lot of room for sanctimony here. We're either gonna do more on this or we're not. But just think about it, we've been feeling with this. We, my foundation been working on this for five or six years, it's been a problem for a decade or more in America.  You cannot mix these two things. Two of these five people would definitely be alive today if they had done what they did in the daytime falling asleep at lunch. Then somebody would have revived them and they would have gone on and they had enough life in them and enough reason to live and enough positive reinforcement that it would never would have happened again. I'm positive of it. Maybe three, but I'm sure or two. So these are the kinds of things, on the other hand, the others I think, and also for those of you who live on the edge of this, both in hospitals and with the drug problem, you just won't have 100% impact. There's some people that you, it won't work because you don't get there in time. But we can do way better than we're doing now. Way better. And in order to do it, you have to be willing to weight into the thickets of all these things knowing that in the beginning at least you won't be 100% effective in everything you're talking about. That's the other thing. If you take responsibility for something I learned a long time ago, your few failures may outweigh your massive numbers of successes in your own mind. You have to learn to forgive yourself for trying and failing. It's a big deal for everybody in life. You gotta suit up and try every day. That's the gift you're given. You just think about it. Everybody in this room has a gift that most people who lived before the last 100, 200 years never had, you got to choose what you wanted to do with your waking hours. It's something we all take for granted, isn't it? And you can choose to quit now. You can walk out this door and do something else. Most people never had that choice. It is a gift. And you have to live with the ambiguities and the burdens of it as well as with the benefits. And you can't let it get you down. On balance, it's way better than giving up your freedom, I think. President Clinton, in 93, you try to pass a sweeping bill to change our healthcare insurance ecosystem. I know recently, Amazon, Berkshire Hathaway and J.P. Morgan have announced that they're gonna create their own insurance company, not for profit. What's your thoughts of that? And is that the new way, the third way maybe of providing insurance instead of either single payer or the way we're doing it? What do you think about that? Well, because we didn't, before the current Congress administration were in, I liked the bill that President Obama signed, but it had some serious problems. The small business market never worked exactly as it was supposed to work. And there were not enough providers in rural areas. There were all kinds of, there were gaps in it. And I think that we should have created a so-called public option to cover those gaps after the last election that was no longer a reasonable possibility. Now, the great thing about letting Berkshire Hathaway and Amazon and the others do this is that they will look for disruptive technologies, some of which may mortify some of you. That is, you may think they will claim to be doing things that will actually be short-circuiting aspects of the healthcare system that you think are important, or that they may have the market power to provide certain things to people at a price which will wreck the economic model of others who are serving even more people. So then this is all unpredictable. But I think that it will be a very good thing on balance. My gut, I'm betting on them coming up with some good ideas that will be applicable to the larger populations that will lower the per unit, that is the per person cost of providing basic healthcare and find greater efficiencies for dealing with people who have more costly conditions. But there will be some, if you do it this way, there's gonna be some wreckage, particularly if the Congress remains reluctant to make appropriate continuing changes. So it used to be, for example, and this wouldn't apply to Britain, for example, or any country with a parliamentary system. But in our system where Americans persist in believing that they're better off with the president one party, the Congress and another are aware there's no connection between the voting. But what we used to do is, for example, if you passed Medicaid in 65 and Medicare, everybody would realize that you couldn't have a major change without unintended consequences. Arizona, for example, did not take Medicaid for 20 years. So it didn't bother me that these states were in a different place. But when that happens, what Congress always had was a bipartisan committee whose job it was to fix obvious flaws in major legislation and to try to pass changes that would deal with problems that were inadvertently omitted from the legislation. So that when you passed the bill, nobody thought it was supposed to be like the 10 commandments. I mean, it was something, it was a work in progress and it was a structure and everything else was refinement. And at least in the United States, we don't tend to do that anymore. But that's what you need to, and so these big companies have enough market power that they might be able to do that. That is, they might be too disruptive, too fast, and there might be some unintended consequences to systems that are working fairly well, and that's what we'll have to watch. But given the fact that so many things don't work at all and can't be fixed, they could really do a lot. What I hope they'll do is something like the re-insurance building business is doing for climate change and resilience work in the United States. For example, if you read the newspapers, you would think in America the Republicans don't believe in climate change and the Democrats do and nothing's gonna happen and all that. But if you were mayor of a coastal city in America, particularly on the Atlantic Seaboard, it wouldn't matter whether you were a Democrat or a Republican because the re-insurance companies have already told you if you expect us to allow you to have any insurance, you will have a resilience plan, you will build further away from the ocean, you will build down deeper, you will elevate the structures, you will take account of the prospect of rising sea levels and try to do what you can to mitigate those rising sea levels. So that's what these big companies could do for healthcare. So it's interesting, one group you'll notice is absent from our movement or the current insurance companies and it's not from lack of trying to get them involved. It'll be interesting to see if this group will be interested in joining. You think they would be because of all the extra costs associated with medical errors, but they haven't. Why do you think that is? You think they got all they can say grace over with the new law and all that? Well I have to tell you, you have convened some incredible people that you've given me a chance to speak with to try to get them to join and I'm not gonna name them, but after meeting with several insurance company executives as part of what you helped me gather, one of them actually took me out and said, Jill, you know why we're not signing up? He said when the cost of the more errors and more problems to hire the cost and we get a percentage of that total. So if the cost go down 50%, our revenues will go down. Now that person may not have really spoken for the industry but that's the whisper I got. But when they got into the healthcare bill, the way the administration got a lot of them to sign on was to give them piece of the savings. That is, look, if that were true, they should have been against universal insurance or as close as we could get to it and they worked out deals to give them a piece of the savings. So I don't know. And so they must think now that 100% of the savings will go to the providers and not to the insurance companies. And the other thing is they also have a real problem because we didn't fix the small town, the rural, the small business markets enough. So I think that's an economics problem. If we're stuck with private insurance, then they have to get a rate of return on everything they do and so you just cut them in and give them part of the savings. And I'll bet you a lot of the providers might be willing to do that in order to get the savings and save the lives. Keep in mind, a lot of the providers, their first value is saving the lives. They don't want it to cost them money. They know they'll save money, but if let's say there's a, you know, whatever the X billion dollars will be saved, then you should get the insurance networks to support it because if they did support it, then they could require a lot of these procedures by the providers. They could drastically accelerate this transformation and it would be worth it to give them part of the savings. Well, interesting transformations are occurring. CVS and Aetna combining, so they can provide lower cost of care to the patients, to the people. You've got some major health systems last month that announced that they're gonna create their own not-for-profit generic drug company. What do you think? I mean, we live in a society that believes in the free market and the capitalistic notions of free market. What do you think about these ideas? Do you think they're good long-term? If you take a long view, or do you think they could make others that would want to get in and more of a free market, capitalistic type of approach, shy away from solving some of the problems ahead? It depends on whether those unbalanced that things you've cited, I think would be good because I think that the markets under the, I think the patents tend to be too long and I think the price of medicine is too high because in the United States, what we do is we give an in effect, almost monopoly pricing on new drugs and the theory that costs so much money to take a new drug to market and we have to give all the profits in the United States drug sales because even in the wealthiest countries in Europe, there are restraints on what people can charge but Germany and Switzerland have sizable pharmaceutical companies and they bring new drugs to market and they live with restraints on prices. So I think that my own view is that these things should be done and what would also keep in mind an increasing percentage of new drugs brought to market had either some or dominant involvement investment provided by the United States government through appropriations from Congress but all the benefits go to the pharmaceutical companies that do it unless the drugs were developed in the university labs. So I think that we'll work out the details of that. I think on balance it's worth trying these new things because you can't, it's unrealistic to expect that from now to the end of time that the United States will pay the extra costs of development and bringing to market medicine that can then be sold for peanuts in every other country in the world no matter what their per capita income is and no matter what it does to healthcare premiums in the United States, this whole thing's gonna have to be rationalized a little better and I personally, when I was president I used to talk to these drug companies and say look I have actually no problem with our paying a premium for medicine in order to keep these jobs in America keep this important industry in America and keep you devoting money to R&D but if you look at the trends over the last few years where less and less money is put into R&D and more money is put into basically stock buybacks and other things it's an institution that has become kind of institutionalized that is more interested in perpetuating the present array of resources than in breaking new ground. So I think it's overdue for a reworking and if that's one of the things that happens as a result of this big company and these other issues you met I think that we just have to be sensitive to what the danger to the public interest is and figure out a good fix but you can't be afraid of change what we're doing if what you're doing is not working then you just have to get in there and try to change it as best you can and recognize that there are always always unintended consequences to every change and the job of change maker is to mitigate the negative ones. That's just a law of life if otherwise you wouldn't ever do anything. You know, otherwise we'd also be riding and we'd be riding around London and horse drawn carriages. Not such a bad idea. So back to our world, speaking of change and maybe unintended consequences. In my company, if I have a problem in my production line or we find a design flaw, we stop the line until we figure out what's going on. If we think we figure it out then we start making stuff again. We're preaching to the choir. These are the hospitals that are making the commitments implementing the solutions but many hospitals still haven't and the question I have, what do you think about this notion that hospitals stop taking elective surgeries until they have implemented all the processes that are known to make sure human errors don't become fatal? Well, that's why the insurance company things important because the only way you're ever gonna get something like that done and it could be done like that then is if the people who are paying for it require that. So I think it's a good idea as long as people have a reasonable time to do it but you gotta get, that won't work unless everybody's doing it and there's either an immediate incentive to the hospital to do it or the people that are paying for the surgeries require it which is why you wanna get the insurance companies in. I mean, it looks to me like this is that if you look at the economics of it, it ought to be simple. If I were running an insurance company and I wanted fewer losses so that more of my premium income would not be at risk I would be for this. If the hospitals got the benefit of all the savings or then I might resist it but you keep in mind this is a less raw version of the school shooting. There are people's lives at stake here. You have to basically make it clear that if you choose not to do this you are making a decision indirectly that there will be more fatalities that can be avoided just like if you choose not to do something about salt weapons and large capacity magazines you're making a decision that there will be more mass shootings. Having said that, you're not a bad person we think you wanna do better and you're entitled to the cost of the transition and there's a way that will all be better off when this is over. I mean, I think that it's a combination of outrage and stick and making it, people feel safe in making these changes and rewarded and patted on the back and doing all this, there's a big, there's a lot of evidence in all human motivation studies that the things we assume are driving people are not necessarily driving people that there is an innate desire to solve problems and an innate desire to advance human knowledge and an innate desire to enhance human life. And I think even if it had a neutral economic impact and matter that actually there's some evidence that a neutral economic impact is better than a positive one but if you can't expect the whole insurance industry to think it's gonna be a negative economic impact but you may not have to bribe them or anything as long as they think it's not gonna be negative. I mean, I think I know a lot of people in a totally different context who felt terrible that they could never figure out a way to get 20,000 small business people to join into one pool so we could have an affordable small business pool or felt terrible that we could never figure out a way in rural America to insure people in pounds of 5,000 and less at the same per capita cost they could in cities. And so it may be that if you just, obviously you'd have to do the research on this but there's an enormous amount of behavioral studies which show that we assume you have to bribe people with money to get them to do what's right and that's not that there isn't an innate desire to do that but you can't expect people to shoot themselves in the foot. So I would recommend just starting at zero and just try to get people so they won't be in the hole if they do the right thing and then see if they won't do it anyway. One last question. I don't always get to sit with one of the most intelligent and smartest people in the world so I'm gonna ask you a tough one. We've got a lot of companies who've signed the pledge to share data. We're except for one in the EMR industry and one in the infusion pump company industry who have not been able to get the rest of them, get the rest of them to sign the open data pledge to share their data. What would you say to them? What is your advice to them to get them? I'm gonna play your video in front of them to why they should sign our open data pledge. How would you approach it? Well I would tell them first of all they're not that go back to the point you said was made in the UK. Nobody wants to hurt you. You're not running for office. You gotta understand, when people think about sharing data, I mean look at the United States. You would conclude given the events of the last two years that if you share your data you're a fool because it can only be, it's only interesting to people if it can be used against you whether it's being used truthfully or not. I mean we released 38 years of tax returns and they showed we always paid in some cases more than we owed, 98% in ordinary income tax, gave three times of national average in charity and so it was a boring story because it wasn't bad. And then if you don't release your income taxes at all but you maintain a very high level of sanctimonious rhetoric, people, people, wait, wait, wait, people get bored griping about the same old thing you didn't show until they write about something else. I mean keep in mind a lot of this reluctance is formed by the information eco structure. Even it may not even be a self-conscious decision. People believe that information is only valuable to others and so far as it can be used to hurt you. So what you need to do is to say, look, this is not that. We're trying to save lives here. Aye, Joe County. Aye, the person in charge of healthcare in the UK. We are not going to hurt you. If there is a problem we will help you solve it. We will not tell people you're irresponsible. We are not to help people you're reckless. We will not tell people we'll help you solve the problem so we can all go forward together. I think if you go, think about it, there would be no successful AA meetings. If people thought what they shared at AA meetings would be treated in the same way that your standard political story is. Would there? I mean, AA's work pretty well. That's about as effective as anything else anybody's ever done for this. And the whole model would collapse if it was based on bad fates, selective, twisted use of anything negative cause it doesn't work unless you let it all hang out. I'm a lousy drunk. Here is the thing that I've done when I was drunk. It was horrible. And they give you an atta boy for God's sakes. And they should because you're trying to get better. And so I think my own view about this whole information sharing deal is it's somewhere between AA, right?  But you're laughing at me but I'm telling you the truth that the same kind of things are going through people's minds all the time. And what you've got to do is to make it safe. You've got to say that this is an honorable business. You're doing the best you can.  You may have made a mistake. You may have some problems. And we're gonna give you an atta boy and help you solve it. And the more people feel safe that they're giving up something to get better instead of giving up something to have somebody cut their heads off and put them out of business or humiliate them the more likely they are to share the information. I mean, you know, that's what I think anyway. I've had as you might imagine no little experience with this. And I think it's, you know, we're saving lives here. We're not trying to tip an election.  That's what you have to do. You've got to do that.  And it's, look, it's a scary world out there. You know, people think they're guilty of cues. And so you got to get by that. You got to say, no, no, no, no, we got this. This is more like, you're not like AA. You don't have to confess you're bad. You just have to confess you may be imperfect and you want to know what the deal is and you'd like to do better. And you've laid the groundwork. You've asked people to do this so they can get better. That they should be rewarded for doing this, not punished. Again, you know, this is a whole different approach than what tends to dominate the headlines today. But again, keep in mind, you're in the trend line business, not the headline business. And if you really get that mindset that you're in the trend line business, then you can get the headlines. Eventually, if you keep at it, the headlines will reflect the business you're in. People are smart enough to figure this out if it's presented to them in the proper way. What's, we have this incredible talent that's committed a group of people we have. What's your charge to them? What's your closing comments? We have some people also live streamed. You know, I had the great privilege to be in the only line of work where people are surprised if you know anything. I mean, it's really true.  And he knows a lot. So the bar's kind of low. I don't know much about what most of you do. But I know this, that the more you know and the harder you work, the more you have to have protections for your good intentions and your hard work against the unintended consequences of your collective endeavors. Because it is almost impossible to be busy doing good and be constantly aware of any systematic shortcomings that may exist or may arise. It's almost impossible to do that. And the busier you are, the harder it is in some ways. So this movement offers you a chance basically to have somebody in your organization or you yourself in a part of your life look at the thing whole and make it better and make sure that the good motivations and the hard work and the good work you've done actually advances the cause to which you devoted your life. I think that's the important thing. We all, almost all the major mistakes I've made in my life is I made when I was so tired I couldn't lift my hand above my shoulder. And I was working hard, trying to do what I thought was good, you know? And it's very easy to be defensive when you do that. The harder you work and the more good you try to do, the more prickly you are about it. Being told, well, you know, you've got to do this differently. I don't have any time to think about that. So that's my advice. My advice is for yourself and for each other, give each other a lot of support in this. Self-examination and changing systems and changing habits and changing pattern. While you're doing your day job, what you got in this, whatever you're doing, what you got into it in the first place is a hard thing to do, but it is very rewarding. And as I said, that the whole future of the world, in my opinion, depends on increasing the level of cooperation among diverse networks of people. Diverse networks make better decisions. With a cooperation model, then lone geniuses are homogenous groups. And in order to make it free and safe for people to do that, you have to be aware of all the pressures not to do it and compensate for them, take account of them. And, you know, it's the brave thing for the government agency to undertake that. Because most people in government learn sooner rather than later that they'll never get in trouble for just saying no. Whatever it is, say no and stay out of the press. And of course, when you're done, you might never be able to cite anything you did either. So we all have to be a little more risk-oriented in a prudent way. You can't be totally risk-averse, but I think you need to help each other minimize the downside of doing this, help each other create the space to do this. And realize what I was telling you, what do you believe there's an afterlife or not? Once you realize both how small we are and the larger span of human existence and the massively and daily increasing space of the universe, and therefore how big your life is because nobody else has got one that's bigger, it oughta give you all the energy you need to do that. It's not that much trouble to give people the space they need to do better. Thank you.


So we actually happened guys, I actually hit 1 million subscribers on YouTube like wow thank you guys so very very much indeed. So the journey has been a crazy long one 10 years plus it's had its ups and downs probably more downs than ups but you guys have kept me going the support even when things have been tight views low money bad and so forth it's been you guys that have kept me going I won't lie to you I wasn't even going to do a video for this celebration my mindset is and always will be the same a number doesn't define anybody I don't and in fact I am no better than any of you watching this just because I have a million subscribers it's just a number in my opinion and it doesn't make me any more entitled than any of you I mean yes I've put in so much trying to make this work switching games leaving games behind changing this changing that but hard work is a part of life and that is my mindset work hard and one day will pay off so yes 1 million subscribers like wow I remember hitting a thousand that was a super proud moment for me 20k 50k 100k 200k 300 400 500 6 7 8 9 1 million that is a massive massive milestone I honestly didn't think I'd make it destiny slowed right down and I was stuck in around 980 to 990k for what seemed like years but then came borderlands which is seeing my channel hit numbers I don't remember ever hitting in the past not since the black ops 2 emblem days and destiny one days anyway which was a long long time ago so if you are here for borderlands I want to thank you if you are here for destiny I want to thank you if you are just here just to show your support I want to thank you you guys are the biggest chunk of my sub base and without any of yours I would not be here recording this so where did this all start well it started back in 2008 I believe I used to just jump on youtube to watch people like white boy 7th street x jaws hutch and a few others play card now I was a massive fan of card back then so those guys were like idols to me but I was actually quite handy with sniper 2 and a thrown knife so I decided to try out a few recordings of my own trying to be like your idol as you do where I propped up my phone on some old marvel vhs videotapes and just recorded while I played you guys remember those old intros what is going on guys it's your boy dpj here today with another Call of Duty video I may bring it back you never know now at this stage I never intended on making a live in on youtube I didn't even know that was possible so I just went with it and posted a video here and there that was the modern warfare 2 days then the next call of duty dropped which was black ops one this is where it started getting a little serious black ops one introduced an emblem editor where you could design emblems with 12 shapes and you could put that emblem on your gun while me loving all things arty and growing up studying art and design graphics and so forth this was me set I sat there for days upon end creating emblems not with the intent of putting them on youtube just because I love doing it and while my youtube had literally dried up at this stage probably five or six months since I last posted and probably four or five months into the release of black ops one but I decided to jump on google and see if anybody else had created any of these emblems and I found a guy on youtube called token who at the time I think was the only person posting emblems on youtube and although his emblems were epic his style wasn't like mine as I could literally create anything yep by adding 12 shapes together I could literally create anything he got to the stage people where I could see somebody else's emblem in game and I could literally create it in my mind with the shapes in the game same when someone asked me to create an emblem and showed me a reference picture I could literally create the emblem in my head not even being under game so from this moment after seeing tokens emblems I decided to get back at those VHS tapes and set up recording emblems and then progressing it onto making tutorials for people who asked for a certain emblem I did this daily for way over a year posting sometimes three or four videos every single day learning more and more as I went on about youtube and that actually some people did do this full time so I got up to about 70 75k subscribers and at this stage though it was much harder to get a partnership on youtube and although I had the subs I had the views I was struggling and I literally was about to quit just stop and concentrate and work elsewhere so I was ready to stop I was ready to quit and then I noticed I got an email back from a company run by big snacks and chaos ex silence at the time they offered me a partnership and while people from that moment my life changed snacks and chaos don't really know this but my whole channel is only still here because of those guys and that was that people I worked every day from that moment forward trying to build up an audience and although 75k subs at the time was amazing in fact it's amazing today black ops one started to die down and because infinity ward and triark at the time rotated games each year I was desperately waiting for black ops two as call of duty was the biggest game back then and I knew flight black ops one black ops two had an emblem editor it would be amazing for my channel as at this point I was the number one emblem editor on youtube and everybody on youtube who played call of duty more or less knew this so black ops two came out guys and boom my channel flew at one stage I was getting between 1000 and 5000 subs a day which was just absolutely ridiculous so I went on for a long long time posting daily emblems and from this point many people had seen my knifing skills from black ops one days because what I'd do is I'd create an emblem and I'd showcase it on the back of a weapon called the mp out on black ops one and I'd always run around getting thrown knife kills so I would from time to time upload montages of sniping and throwing knives and I did this for a long time emblems and the odd montage video probably this for about two years but at the time also jumping on the bandwagon of gta 5 uploading that pretty often also which saw me get some incredible views which deal to this day guys is an incredible game full of opportunities for content creators from gta I went to post daily watchdog videos which in my opinion till this day guys is still the most one I've ever had on any online game the online hacking featuring watchdogs was absolutely incredible I played and posted this for a long long time also but the game wasn't the most popular but I did indeed build up an audience and because black ops emblems had pretty much dried out I was getting fed up playing call of duty I was waiting for that next big game and in 2014 after watchdogs I believe destiny one dropped now to be honest I wasn't initially interested in the game but my two powers easy now who some of you may remember from youtube and a guy called deadshot literally drilled it into me that this game is going to be huge and I should definitely try it out but honestly people I was not interested to the point of I had the beta but I didn't play the beta I actually chose to go away at the time it was out now what sold me on the game was easy now telling me about the hunter subclass and how it was perfect for my playstyle and to be honest I had to learn to barrel it I was sold until this day guys I am a hunter man so I'll credit to Barry Eason out and John Deadshot for kicking me up the arse and drilling into me to get destiny and in reality destiny took my channel to another level yeah it had its ups and downs but even the dance times are still getting me better views than what I was used to in the past with other games so I stuck with it and it literally opened up opportunities guys like me don't normally get I was getting invites out to Seattle to the bunch of studios I was getting invited all around the world to play dlc's early and so forth it was absolutely ridiculous this continued for a long long time and with the release of destiny 2 I wouldn't say things were better than what they were at destiny one launch but they were good enough as we all remember what destiny 2 was like upon launch it wasn't the best game but destiny 2 grew into what's basically the foundation of my channel destiny 2 is about to go large also again with shadow keep dlc that with borderlands I'm going to be a super busy man but yeah guys that's literally the story of my life on youtube it's been a crazy crazy ride here's me hoping youtube don't purge and take me back under a million because that would be super awkward so yeah a few honorable mentions a massive thanks to each and everyone you guys watching and supporting today a massive thanks to the call of duty community for starting my youtube career rough a massive thanks to the gta and watchdogs community also watchdog three soon baby I cannot wait I am super excited and a gigantic thank you to destiny community for the love and support as well as the borderlands 2 community for breaking records on my channel also my wife and daughter who without I wouldn't have anything to thrive for but yeah guys to the future hopefully we go another 10 years at least so yes I want to end the video I need massive massive thank you for 1 million subscribers and achievement and milestone I never thought I'd ever hit thank you again and on that note guys we have come to the end of the video I hope you enjoyed it and hopefully I will see you on that next one


Welcome back to Kids Fun Science. My name is Ken. Today's experiment is dissolving Styrofoam. As always, adult supervision is required. What you need for this experiment is a Styrofoam cup or any kind of Styrofoam acetone, a lid or a plate. When you buy your acetone, your nail polish remover, right? You want to make sure you buy the professional grade formula one, professional formula in the black bottle. The red bottle one just is not up to standards and it will not dissolve the Styrofoam. So make sure you get the right one before you do this experiment. So take your acetone and pour it in a bowl or what I have here is a Folger's coffee lid. Fill it up just about covers over the surface of the lid. Then take your Styrofoam cup and put it in. You already asked the kids what's going to happen and give it a little bit of pressure by pushing it down. You can see it starts to look like it's boiling. So this is a tricky one. It looks like it's a chemical reaction because it's so dramatic, but it's actually a physical reaction. The acetone is the main ingredients in nail polish remover. So when I say acetone, I mean nail polish remover. The acetone, which is a solvent, causes the styray in the Styrofoam to dissolve. This releases the air pockets that have been trapped. So the substance left behind is still the same substance. It's just lost all the air. So if you were to be able to put some kind of machine to whip it up around and blow air back into the substance, it would puff back up again. This is why we say it's a physical change. The substance did not change on the molecule level, but in theory it could be reversed. So since the styrofoam is mostly air, then you'd be surprised on how much styrofoam you can actually dissolve with one cup of acetone. A cup of acetone is enough to dissolve an entire bean bag's worth of styrofoam. Here's what we got left. All that styrofoam cup is down to that much once we take all the air out. You can see the comparison. It's pretty crazy. Now you can take this little piece that looks like a Play-Doh. You can shape it into any kind of shape and let it dry and harden, and then it'll stay into that shape. It's pretty crazy on how small the actual styrofoam is left when you take the air out. One more time on the side view. Fast forward, giving it some pressure and it's going to go all the way down and turn upside down. That's it. Take both pieces and I'm going to put it together into a little stick man. Let it dry. I hope you enjoyed this video. Remember to give me a thumbs up and to subscribe. Thanks for watching!


Hey everybody, welcome to my channel. My name is Christopher Sliman. I am a fourth year pre-med student And I'm applying to 21 medical schools If you're new here, then welcome to my channel. If you're not, then welcome to my new video So today I wanted to talk to you guys about five things. I wish I knew my pre-med years, new in my pre-med years. So Before we start you guys would please leave a thumbs up comment subscribe and Actually leave a comment about what kind of stuff you'd like to see in future videos I would definitely appreciate any kind of feedback I can get as I am still trying to find my niche in all this All this content called YouTube Anyways, let's begin Hello. All right, let's begin. So number one the first thing that I wish I knew in my pre-med years Was that GPA counts right from the start a lot of you guys might be thinking well no duck or course GPA counts from the start But I was actually led to believe that medical schools would look at your first year as a transition year and that's you know Because of like how stuff was different in high school and now stuff is like way harder in college that it wouldn't really count as much and Of course, I was wrong and you know looking back in retrospect It's like well, yeah 10-second Google search would have told me I was wrong But I believed it I Slacked off my freshman year too, you know, I thought it kind of like a free pass and I didn't do as well I remember going to talk to my pre-health advisor and she was like dude What are you doing?  Um and because of that It's important to do well early and here's my personal advice to Pre-meds who are in their freshman year is don't worry about extracurricular activities in your freshman year. Okay? Your freshman most professors aren't going to trust that you're gonna stick in your major For them to even want to you know do research with you That might not be the case for everybody but for you know, most of the time Professors are more hesitant and reluctant to start with Freshman just because it's very common for freshman to change their majors early on so focus just entirely on your academics Do well your freshman year worry about you know starting your extracurriculars Later on thing to I wish I knew was that extracurricular activities do matter. They matter. They matter They matter they matter now some of you guys might be thinking no It's okay It kind of is but what kind is the most important I'm gonna try to list off some things that I see as the most important and I've seen a lot in my medical school applications so One thing that medical school applications talk about a lot is clinical experiences Clinical experiences can range from shadowing, you know, doctor family care surgery OBGYN any kind of doctor whatever To working in the field as an EMT as a nurse as a nursing assistant certified nursing assistant There's a lot of way that you can get clinical experiences and there's probably more ways than what I've just listed off to Another big one that I see in a lot of applications is research You can research through university you can research through a third party Typically what I do is I Will talk to my professors and see if they do research, but I will get into that at a later point. Okay volunteering volunteering is really important and it's not just volunteering at the ER, you know like Clinical volunteering is what they or like medical volunteering is what they call it It's important to have that but it's also important to have non-medical volunteering medical schools want to see you as a person They want to see that you do a whole bunch of things So if you are passionate about sports and you spend your time volunteering teaching kids how to play hockey As an example, you know, then that shows a lot about who you are as a person rather than just seeing someone who did All the medical stuff and they don't have anything else, you know That doesn't really show medical schools who you are why they should accept you with the kind of personality you might have Another point another extracurricular activity is athletics I Don't think it's as important as people make it out to be it's definitely like an important point if you want like a full-ride scholarship in your undergraduate years, you know, but Medical school is a little different, you know as long as you have something that you're passionate about So whether that be health and fitness whether that be music whether that be science and research whether that be Food culinary cooking, you know, they just want to know that you are, you know, that you're a person You're not a robot. You don't just study all day and sleep all night. It's kind of lame And last extracurricular activity would be jobs jobs are very important, too And it doesn't just have to be medical jobs, you know, it could also be non-medical jobs Like take me for example, I started working at Dillard's full-time or worked 40 hours a week and I went to school full-time 40 hours a week, too And the reason I did that was because I needed to make money to help support my mother So, you know medical schools are not Made up of a bunch of You know, they will understand like hey this kid, you know, could have worked as a scribe making, you know $10 an hour, but he needed to make money to support his mother. So we're chill with it You know, it Actually just shows more about who I am as a person anyways The third thing I wish I knew was get to know your professors Why I say that because you guys are gonna need letters of recommendations and you need to make sure that those letters are good letters of recommendations not just like generic letters that anybody could write, you know Some things that I used to do was I would go to office hours I would make sure I wrote down, you know during syllabus day When they said what their office hours were and where their office hours were I would write that down and I would go I would ask questions. I would you know, try to try my best to get to know my professors I would try to make sure that they knew who I was on I said up front every day So they could see me too, you know If you're sitting in the back and dozing off with all the other kids then You're just gonna be a blur to your professor, too, you know, so you need to make an impression That's why you need to, you know, ask questions Participate do all of that stuff make a good letter and then Another good way to get to know your professors is to ask them if they are involved in any research on campus And if they have any openings, that's exactly how I found The research that I did in my undergrad was I asked my professors I found one who needed Somebody's help and I was lucky enough to be that somebody and that's how I got in The fourth thing I wish I knew was how to use rate to my professor So if you guys don't know rate my professor is a website that Students use to rate their professors on like difficulty how much homework they get what's expected professors teaching style and although I will admit that it's not the most accurate tool in the world I think it's the best one that is available to you know, anybody now to use so You know sometimes you can We've all had experiences where we've had tough professors, you know, sometimes professors can be extra They can be extra hard. They can be extra aggravating. They can be extra annoying. They can be extra time consuming There's so many, you know ways that a bad professor can really really really just bum you out, you know By using resources like rate my professor you can see how often students how other students rated them you can see how How what students have to say about the course load about everything my advice Go for easy a classes work smarter. Don't work harder It's enough that pre-med students are already working harder than most other majors out there We have so much stuff to deal with we have an MCAT. We have admissions. We have secondaries Interviews we have all the extracurricular activities going on. I butchered that word. That's okay That's how passionate I am about this. You don't get this kind of passion on other YouTube videos guys But uh It's my personal opinion why work harder when you can work smarter, you know what I mean, so for example Find a professor that's easier, you know, if you know that genetics is gonna be Really really tough then find a professor and write my professor who's rated the best take it with the best professor with the best Professor who will set you up to succeed in that class, you know what I mean You don't want to be taking it with a first-year professor who has no idea what they're doing no ratings and you know They write stupid hard questions because they've never given an exam before so I always you know That's just my personal opinion My last thing number five that I wish I knew as a pre-med was to make time for myself I've worked so hard between being a full-time student between being a part of a club between Working full-time and shadowing and doing volunteering. I was left with no time for myself and you know towards like Halfway through my junior year.  So I needed to take time for myself I needed to be a little selfish at times and do things that I enjoyed things that I enjoyed were for example working out Some things that I enjoyed we're going to the movies with my friends spending time with my friends finding a girlfriend Living life being a normal human being you don't have to just be a robot who studies all day Test takes his tests and then comes home and studies all night, too. That's no way to live guys, you know, um Make friends on campus to everybody on campus guys everybody in your major is there For similar reasons everybody who is there wants to get into the field of health and science Okay, whether they want to be researchers or whether they want to be Physicians or nurses they're there because they chose to be there and that is something that you guys can Connect with make friends talk to people I would not have done as well as I did in my undergrad if I hadn't made some amazing friends along the way But that about wraps it up guys I have a video coming out next week with one of those friends actually and we're gonna be doing a leg day together for the other aspect of my channel and Thank you so much for all the support I've been getting if you guys liked this video then once again, please leave a thumbs up like Comment subscribe and again comment what you think I should be talking about in future medical videos You know, there's a lot that I there's a lot of experience I have you know for years and I'm applying right now if you guys have questions Please let me know I'd be more than happy to answer them And if a bunch of people ask similar questions, I'll make a new video on it, too. In the meantime, thank you so much Thank you for making it this far and just as a huge thank you to you guys I want to give you a last piece of free advice before I go to the gym. I'm currently chugging my pre-workout Yes, I just took a sip for the camera. That's okay. Um, so here's the advice I wanted to give you guys take advantage of your free resources guys most universities have free pre-health advisors that will help you along the way from the very beginning you meet up with your pre-health Advisor and you guys can start planning about how are you gonna volunteer who you're gonna shadow How you're gonna study for the MCAT when you're gonna apply how to apply they can do mock interviews for you guys Help you with what medical schools to apply to guys. It's a resource that I did know about in my undergrad But I knew about it like later I utilized it mostly my junior year and I wish I started sooner I wish I met with a pre-health advisor my freshman year so I could know that gpa counts right from the start Okay, learn from my mistakes Use your pre-health advisor guys. They are there for a reason. It's gonna be super super super helpful Um, another bit of advice I wanted to give you is if you feel like you are stressed from your Like course load on school then something that I really recommend is taking summer school Summer school might be expensive. It's not a free resource, but hear me out. Here's the thing about summer school Class sizes are going to be smaller Meaning you get more one-on-one time with your professor and you're in there longer each day So that means you're spending more time learning Practicing and hammering down that content if you guys feel stressed out with the amount of course loads you have And you want to meet scholarship requirements or anything then summer school is the way to go because it still counts for scholarships and You'll learn it. You'll have less classes during your actual school year and I just see it as an absolute win Anyways, thank you guys for sticking around so long. My arm is hurting and I really hope you enjoyed this video Catch you on the flip