with CalTV Sports here today at Levine Freaky Field with Jasmine Jackson, Cal softball star player. Jasmine, congratulations on a great game today. Thank you very much. You guys pulled out the win over the St. Mary's Gales, three to two. What do you think were the defining moments in today's game that led you guys to victory? I think our defining moments were definitely pitching. Zoe Conley did a great job coming in after Katie Finch and shut it down from there. Make sure that there were no more run scores. That was really good for us. And then just clutch hit, and we had a lot of hits, but it was definitely the clutch ones and Octavia Bond securing that last run for us that really gave us the go ahead. Yeah, absolutely. I saw a lot of great teamwork out there today. What are you guys doing as a team to continue the success in your games this coming weekend against the Utah Utes? Offensively, defensively, and our pitching staff are all working in our own way. So offensively, we're really looking to be more disciplined at the play and attacking good pitches. Pitching, I mean, I can't speak much on that, but they're doing a great job, obviously, and then defensively, errorless softball. So that's what we're working on. You guys set the bar pretty high today. I know last year you set the bar pretty high for yourself. You were named to the US national team. That's amazing. Thank you very much. You also were accepted to the Haas School of Business. Yes. What are you doing to make sure that you're balancing school and softball so you can continue to achieve at a high level? Yeah, definitely a lot of time management. That is the number one thing. I have a planner. I make sure that everything is set in order, that I'm taking care of everything I need to take care of, because you don't want to fall behind in any aspect, softball or school. So that's definitely how I keep up. Yeah, and it sounds like you have a pretty busy schedule with practice, travel, games, and school. I'm pretty sure that softball has the busiest schedule. That's so I hear, but I mean, it's busy for everyone. Cool, yeah, at the end of the day, what keeps you motivated to push yourself? Definitely my family, above all, and I don't know, we have a team, Alia Laxamana, her dad was just diagnosed with lymphoma, so that has really brought the team a lot closer, and we're really excited to just know that we're playing for a bigger cause than just ourselves, and we're a really tight family this year, so we're all really excited to play for each other and for him. That's awesome that you guys have that team with Maraudery. Thank you. Cool, well, that's all the time we have today. I'm Lynn Hickman. I'm Jasmine Jackson. This is CalTV Sports. And go Bears! I thought I'd get on, and if they're really good, they'd be just standing and doing a pose.


on our property. I would say there's two things that are very important. One was grouping the cattle, and two was getting the water development so we could group the cattle. That's increased our biodiversity, that's given us a chance to increase our rest periods on the paddocks and having the water available so that we can do that. Those two things I think have done more to increase the profitability and increase the soil health on our properties as anything.


Good morning, we will continue our discussion by starting to look at secondary atomization and we will see briefly what secondary atomization is, what role it plays and then we will come back and look at some simplified analysis to start with and you know what sort of techniques can be used to understand secondary atomization as a process okay, so we looked at several we looked at least two different analysis techniques that we can apply to primary atomization we looked at one in great detail called linear instability analysis, so this is where you have a bulk liquid coming out of the sprain nozzle and that bulk liquid is breaking up into drops and these drops are somehow determined by the instability structure that occurs on this liquid sheet, that was the premise on which we learnt the mathematical framework in which we can do this analysis right okay. Now we want to study the life of these drops what happens to these drops after they are formed, is there a possibility that they could break up further if so under what conditions and if after they break up and if they do break up what is the result of such break up process, so that is essentially what secondary atomization is, so like we said primary atomization is the process of the bulk liquid breaking up into drops, secondary atomization we will sort of loosely define anything that happens afterwards, so take a very simple example let us say I have the sprain nozzle and I have this liquid sheet and let us say there is a sheet and there is a drop that is formed it may be a drop it may be like a ring structure depending on what sort of break up happens, this ring is no longer in contact with the nozzle directly, so in other words if I try to spray a conducting liquid and I can measure the connectivity of each blob of liquid to it is to the parent nozzle, this blob that is formed which is let us say toroidal or semi-spherical whatever sort of quasi-spherical is no longer in contact with the nozzle, so the subsequent break up of these structures is what we will term secondary break up or secondary atomization, so there is a lot of secondary break up that happens in a spray as you can imagine because the drops that are formed from the primary break up process may not and in most instances are not spherical, but the final resulting drops are mostly spherical we will see why and how in a moment, so this is the sort of loose definition, so let us see where we can take this definition forward, so let us say what why do I want to study primary atomization, if I go back to that I will take a couple of very simple examples okay, here is an example of a rotary atomizer as we saw very briefly is a case where we have a disk, so this is I am going to just draw the outline of the disk say oh no this is the disk here, the disk is spinning and you can see there is a nice periodic structure in that sense of the liquid that is spewing out and this periodic structure is spaced as a mutally because of the serrations on the disk, so the primary break up process is essentially a result of a spilling liquid jet through those serrated edges and that spilling liquid jet breaking up due to capillary instability or due to some cross flow instability, so I have basically a cylindrical jet that is being squeezed out of this rotation of the circular disk and this cylindrical jet is also moving in an azimuthal sense which is similar to having an air across flow of air, so I have a cylindrical jet with a cross flow of air that is going to cause the break up of this liquid jet, we saw from primary instability from linear instability considerations that the break up of any liquid jet produces drops that are on the order of the size of the liquid jet itself, so if I have a round liquid jet undergoing capillary instability the size of the drops formed from that process will be on the order of the liquid jet diameter cannot be much smaller except if you have you know we saw in the shear instability with like a diesel injector but in a case like this the primary drops formed are very big, so for example on the right hand side here I have the drop size distribution that the manufacturer in this case Leda Bure claims to have measured in this rotary atomizer spray, the serrations in this particular case may be on the order of about 250 microns which means the primary drops that are formed are on the order of about 250 microns and if this is the distribution that was observed you can see that there are hardly any drops that are on the order of 250 microns, so even though the primary process caused drops that are on the order of 250 microns there are no drops in the real spray where measurable of that size, so the question then one has to ask is what happened in the middle that is where secondary atomization happened. Let us take one more example and see what we learn this is the size distribution measured in a real rain, so this we are now talking of the grandest of all sprays a very heavy downpour of rain, so if you take rain falling from the sky you have and if I had a way of sampling drop sizes in the rain and in fact these people Marshall and Palmer did that in this 1948 paper, they made measurements of the rain drops and showed that the number density which is now a probability density function of the drop sizes in a real rain follow a graph approximately like this, the point to note is that is this exponential tail where you have the ordinate and the abscissa is linear which means this is a case where the number density goes as e power – d over some d bar, we have seen this in our case in our studies of probability density functions and different amount of rainfall, so this is 1 mm per hour this is 5 mm per hour and 25 mm per hour, 25 mm per hour is like a huge downpour just to give you an idea right. So the in different instances the size distributions are different but qualitatively they are all very similar in their shapes, you can even go all the way back to the very small sizes and you can see that there is a similar structure irrespective of the rate of rainfall. The point we are going to focus on is the fact that this slope is linear as you get towards larger and larger drop sizes, if I plot these if I plot this data in an axis like that essentially what I am looking at is a long tail just like that, so essentially this would be an e power – d over d bar type tail, so whether it is a rotary atomized spray or rain which are obviously coming from very different sources, the behavior towards the larger drops seems to be that you have this long exponential tail, now you can show I just took two examples that are very contrasting but you can take real sprays coming out of an air blast atomizer a simplex atomizer and many other different mechanisms of atomization and you will find that there is a long exponential tail that of the probability density as the drop size increases, this is a standard feature of most sprays. So the question then is like if all these are mechanically so different why are why is the measured drop size distribution showing such similar features, the answer to that is that when drops are produced by primary atomization processes they are relatively still unstable, so we really mean unstable in the sense of a linear instability analysis showing a positive growth rate and therefore they are likely to break up, so we will see in a moment under what conditions are they likely to break up and how and so therefore this is like I said the last part is just a hypothesis, it will be very careful when you listen to hypothesis that in most sprays secondary atomization processes are really responsible for drop sizes and their distributions much more than even the primary processes, so even if I did not do all the linear instability calculations but I just assumed that this spray nozzle is producing drops on the size of the liquid sheet or on the order of magnitude of the orifice diameter in the case of a diesel injector or on the order of magnitude of the liquid sheet in the case of either an air blast or a simplex atomizer but did a more thorough job of the secondary atomization processes modeling I might end up getting a better answer, so I might end up getting reasonably correct answer I should not say better, so that is the hypothesis under which we will learn secondary atomization and clearly I did not present this hypothesis when I was describing linear instability analysis because that is also an important process at least to know under what conditions jet is even likely to break up you cannot predict that without the help of a linear instability analysis. So we will come back to the rest of this a little later let me close this, so with that premise let us see why would a drop break up, so let us answer ask a question say I have formed a drop and I am going to assume an initial drop is spherical, let us say the drop is moving with the velocity Ud surrounded by an air flow that is at some velocity Ua, so we are going to ask the question why would the drop break up, if I assume for a moment well even before you ask the question why would the drop break up will answer the question what causes deformation, so break up is like an extreme event of a deformation process that has to initiate be initiated on the drop, so we will see what causes deformation of the drop clearly for that you need a stress you need a force right, so what causes the force as you can see I have a drag force the drag force on this drop is some drag coefficient times pi d squared over 4 let me keep the notation right, half rho I know you are going to say u squared but we have to be careful it is essentially a result of a relative velocity between the phases, so in this one dimensional sense the relative velocity is just Ud-Ua the squared this is the magnitude of the drag force this is not indicating the direction. Now does it matter if Ud is greater than Ua or Ua is greater than Ud not really because all I care about is the relative velocity I could have a stationary drop be impacted by sudden by a velocity by high speed air or I could have the drop be injected at a high velocity into quiescent air it does not matter, now this drag force if the drop was perfectly spherical and if the drop was let us say rigid that is now we are looking at a rigid sphere I can draw like a pressure profile around the drop something like that you can clearly see that the pressure on the front part would be larger than the pressure elsewhere etc, now if I have a perfect stokes drag then it would be a symmetric profile all around but anything that has a finite Reynolds number you are not going to see symmetric pressure distribution around the sphere. So now what does this pressure distribution do since we are now since we are allowing the drop to deform this drop is likely to deform in the direction of the exerted force sort of like that because the pressure force is now just trying to flatten out this into a pancake and if you let this process continue all the way forward it is going to break up now are there any other forces that are important yes the answer is we have the surface tension force so on one side we have the drag force and we have the surface tension force which is given by sigma times pi d if pi d is the circumference of this drop if I have to deform this drop from the black shape to the blue shape I have to increase the surface area and any increase in the surface area comes at the penalty of increased surface energy and that is worth done against surface tension force which is of this magnitude. So if I so if I allow these two forces to compete with each other which is what is actually happening let us see what happens if I have a competition between these two forces by the way this what is this row this row is that of the air let us be very clear about that so when these two forces are equal in magnitude are on the order of the same or on the order of the same magnitude then you have something interesting happening in term it is basically like a fight between equals drag force trying to deform this drop and surface tension force trying to resist the deformation okay so and when would that condition occur when this mathematical condition occurs and what you see on the left hand side is what we often called Weber number okay and this 8 over CD is a is another number for drag over as drag around a sphere if I plot CD CD happens to be a function of the Reynolds number of the Reynolds number around the flow and you know you can look up any standard textbook and you will see a graph that looks something like that for CD as a function of Reynolds number so essentially CD is like a number that comes from either empirical measurements or some source of some other source the point is this that really the value of CD is important but not as important as the idea that when this Weber number is is on the order of some critical Weber number okay so we will call this 8 over CD as some critical Weber number so when this when the real Weber number around my of the flow around the drop is on the order of the critical Weber number then I start to see deformation effects creep in if this surface tension force is much greater than the drag force essentially I have a very very rigid sphere that refuses to deform because its surface tension force is so high that it is able to keep the drop intact so it is almost like a perfectly spherical body moving through air on the other hand the drag force is very large in comparison to the surface tension force it is as though I do not even have a liquid drop it is just going to be pulverized it is as though I have a for lack of another way of saying it like I have a little mass of gas that is being impacted by some other stream of fluid and this mass of gas is just going to disintegrate without knowing any idea without having any effect of a restorative surface tension force okay these are the extremes of what the Weber number looks in the Weber number space if the Weber number is very large that means the surface tension force is insignificant in comparison to the aerodynamic force that is trying to deform the drop and if the Weber number is very small the surface tension force is so large that I would not have any kind of break up the transition between these two regimes happens at this critical value of the Weber number now very often people ask me the question you know if I write Weber number is rho u square d over sigma I have done a little bit of simplification u here is a relative velocity but for the remainder of this lecture in the next few we are going to assume that the drop is stationary so in other words if I impose a coordinate system that is moving with the drop at the velocity of ud then I all I care about is ua-ud so u is that relative velocity measured in the frame moving with the drop and if I write down the Weber number as rho u square d over sigma what is this row should it be rho a or rho l rho a or rho l the answer is it is it depends on what you want the Weber number to convey in this particular exposition I have I have shown Weber number as coming out of a competition between the aerodynamic drag force and surface tension force therefore you should this becomes rho a now if I was trying to in and this is typically what you will define Weber number as I mean whereas it is sort of a dimensionless number should come out of physical arguments like this and we will do that we will look at other such arguments in the next couple of we will look at other such dimensionless numbers that will fall out of other fall out of similar arguments if I take the next instance I will let me go back to my drop so we know now that Weber number is important and that this Weber number has to exceed some critical value and that critical value could be a function of the Reynolds number if Cd is a function of the Reynolds number right that critical value is a function of the Reynolds number right what is the Reynolds number in this particular case it would be rho a-u so I will use the u calculation so now I ask the same question okay I would not answer it but I will ask the question and then answer if I write Reynolds number as rho ud over mu is rho rho a or rho l and is mu mu a or mu l that depends on again what you want the Reynolds number to convey we will see a couple of instances if I want to talk of this Reynolds number I will make the distinction that this is that drop Reynolds number this is the Reynolds number of essentially the drag coefficient acting on a spherical drop so if I want to talk of this then red is rho a-u d over mu a because I am looking at the drag on a steel ball of diameter d that is what this sort of Cd versus Reynolds number comes so if I want to understand how this critical Weber number behaves as a function of the Reynolds number that Reynolds number is rho a-u d over mu a which is the viscosity of the air we will see another but for the breakup of the drop itself is the Reynolds number associated with the liquid viscosity important so in other words let us ask another question what role does liquid viscosity play in this whole process we saw the role of the liquid surface tension let us see what role does the viscosity play so if I take a drop and if I want to deform it slightly okay now these are all in the coordinate system moving with the drop so the drop is stationary and it is just deforming as this deformation process happens I have to set up a relative velocity field inside the drop so if every point in this drop is moving at exactly the same velocity there will be no deformation of the drop in the frame of reference fixed at this oh if I have to have deformation of this drop in the frame of reference fixed at some centre of mass of the drop let us say then different points in the drop have to be moving at different velocities something like that the moment I have different points inside the drop moving at different velocities I automatically I am implying that there is a velocity gradient field which means you are going to create up a stress field viscous stress field so let us see if we can estimate that viscous stress field so if I again take a diamond drop of diameter D the viscous stress field inside the liquid drop is what I am now thinking of is what I am now trying to model so that goes as mu the liquid viscosity times any sort of a velocity gradient that you can set up inside the drop okay so let us take the extreme case where this you now we are looking at a stationary drop impacted by a velocity you right so if this you is the velocity of the farther most far farthest point on the drop and I will take the extreme case where my o is at rest okay so over a distance r radius of the drop the velocity is going from some u to almost 0 so the viscous stress is going to be on the order of that we are only estimating the order of magnitude okay so just to like if I put one mm drop in a relative velocity field let us say 10 meters per second if I put plug in the numbers here that will give me an order of magnitude of the stress that is expected okay since we are dealing with D for diameter in the previous example values the same D because we are only establishing an order of magnitude that factor of 2 really does not matter so if this is the stress field and the same and the surface tension field surface tension pressure that is resisting this deformation okay is sigma over D okay now both notice both of these have units of stress force per unit area I can compare the stresses or I can compare the areas it does not really matter I mean I can compare the forces it does not really matter so all I will do is multiplied by like a pi D squared over 4 or if I just multiplied by D squared okay on both sides and it does not really change anything that I am about to do which is to when the viscous stress is on the order of the stress the restorative surface tension stress okay or let me be clear if I am comparing this viscous stress to the surface tension stress what I am trying to say is that the surface tension stress is essentially destabilizing the drop because of the oscillations that it is creating the viscous stress is trying to damp out the oscillations of the drop so this particular comparison if you notice is only intended to show what are the if I have a surface tension pressure that is trying to somehow destabilize the drop okay like for example if I take a really type instability so just a cylindrical jet of liquid cylindrical column of liquid infinite column of liquid in air we saw from linear instability calculations that that column of liquid is unstable it would rather break up into drops of a certain size spaced at a certain distance lambda that lambda comes from the linear the point of maximum growth rate so that is a process where surface tension is driving the growth of the instability that is the cause of the instability and that surface tension driver driving force if that is much greater than the viscous damping force then you essentially have a break up process if you if the viscous damping stresses are going to be much greater than the surface tension driving force then you are going to change the rate of the growth and eventually could even stabilize the process we will see what happens okay so essentially if I write this comparison at this point I want to sort of bring in all the different dimensionless arguments that you could make so you have this other number called the capillary number which comes from a competition between the viscous stresses that arise in the fluid during the course of deformation if I do not have a gradient field set up inside the drop a velocity gradient field I do not have any viscous stresses so if the entire drop is translating I do not have any viscous stresses inside the drop it is only that during this deformation process that I have gradient set up inside the drop because of and because of the deformation process and on the right hand side here I am looking at the surface tension forces that could be causing that destabilizing. So if I say on the other hand the viscous stresses inside okay remember are proportional to the gradients in other words they are absolutely 0 unless there is a gradient field in the gradient field is what is actually causing the gradient field in our instance it is the aerodynamic force so I have this half rho a u squared which is the pressure force so if I look at the comparison between the viscous stresses and the aerodynamic stresses what do I have I will ignore the factor half because I am only interested in orders of magnitude notice kind of the weirdness of the u of the see we are forming dimensionless groups but you never think of a rho a u d over mu l until you write this comparison of until you use physical argument so Reynolds number with a mu a in the denominator is not really expressing the competition between the viscous stresses inside the drop and the aerodynamic stresses that are causing that deformation you never be able to establish the competition between these two between these two physical forces now so I have this this kind of Reynolds number this capillary number and the Weber number that we formed already so let us just write those down now as you can tell this is a very weird Reynolds number right so what people find it instead of dealing with the row and mu coming from the different fluids people find it useful to define another parameter called the owners over the number which is basically square root of the Weber number divided by Reynolds number which if I do the calculation I have rho a square root rho a u square root d divided by square root sigma times the Reynolds number is mu a mu l mu a u d the u cancels out so what I have is a mu l divided by sorry see the point of some of these like derivations of dimensionless groupings without the use of Buckingham pi theorem which is what you typically learn in the under grad fluid mechanics is very important you would never be able to physically cast these kinds of groups without using physical arguments like this so another fallout would be never say I will divide the numerator and denominator by rho a and replace this with a kinematic viscosity of sorts because they are coming from different they are they are of different fluids okay. So now let us see this is the role that viscosity plays so I want to look at this dimensionless group to tell me how important is liquid viscosity this is very small that means the effect of liquid viscosity itself would be is negligible whereas for the same Weber number if I have a high onus organ number the effect of the liquid viscosity is now important. Now if I use simple Buckingham pi theorem arguments I will show you what else might happen what do we do in Buckingham pi theorem we essentially start out by making a list of all the parameters that are relevant okay I do not think I missed out anything so if I have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 parameters I can form n-3 which is 7-3 or 4 dimensionless groups have written 3 of them here 1, 2, 3 onus organ number is not the 4th dimensionless group because it was formed out of Weber number and this definition of Reynolds number so I am looking for a 4th group which in this case turns out to be the density ratio rho A over rho L. So in other words I cannot form a rho A over rho L by any combination of these 3 groups primarily because rho L does not even occur anywhere in here. So what does this tell us so we have now identified the 4 dimensionless groups that are important now I could have gone through a similar physical process to identify this kind of a group the way to do that is what is the role of the liquid inertia in relation to the air inertia. So if I say the liquid is some density rho L its mass is d cubed proportional to d cubed and its velocity is u so rho u rho L times the mass is like times the let us say essentially is a measure of the liquid phase inertia we want to look at this is essentially going to tell us we want to look at the competition between liquid phase inertia and gas phase inertia and this dimensionless group is one way to find that. Now nothing in our arguments was restricted to drops in air if you notice rho A I could be looking at the break up of bubbles in an infinite medium of liquid for all this argument is concerned so it really does not matter. So another way to think of this is I can take a combination of the owner's order number that I have defined here this definition and this definition of rho bar and through some appropriate pairings of OH and rho bar define another OH bar which would be mu L divided by square root rho L d sigma which if you simply have just be OH times square root of rho bar. So once I have four dimensionless groups I can find many many more from just multiplicative and divisive combinations of all of these of the basic four but which ones do I pay attention to physically you cannot get to that using Buckingham pie theorem you will need the physical arguments that we used before if you go back we used forces to draw our analogies another way to do the same thing is using times so I could use what is called a timescale analysis to see what is it that the if the time what are the different orders of magnitudes of the different timescales and from there draw comparisons to which ones would be comparable which ones would be relevant so we would not do that today I just want to I will probably come back to that later on when we do need to talk of secondary break up but for now I have identified these groups so what can we learn from that the start of any understanding is experiments for the most part right so let us see what experiments have showed in this particular instance what you have here on this axis it is not clear is the owner's organ number and this is the Weber number that we define what this is a this is some very detailed data from all these different sources that professor GM faith and his co-workers put together into this regime diagram what is a regime diagram if I have Weber number and owner's organ number and if I identify a certain range of owner's organ numbers and Weber numbers what do you expect would happen in that range okay so in different parts of this graph as you can see there is different physics happening we will see individually what each of those are so if I have very low Weber number and very high owner's organ number will take the easier ones to understand then we will come back to the rest so I have I will draw a schematic of a drop being hit with air at some velocity you this is some diameter little d liquid viscosity mu l sigma etc we have defined the owner's organ number if I have a very high owner's organ number on this order of magnitude and very low Weber number it means that there is the liquid viscosity is so high that it is practically preventing any deformation of the drop as you can see they say that it will move but there is hardly any this break hardly any breakup expected even hardly any deformation expected less than 5% we will go to the other extreme up here very low owner's organ number and very high Weber numbers this is almost like our like a blob of gas that is going to be impacted that surface tension and viscosity play hardly any role that is where you get this thing called the shear breakup where I have a drop and I have tiny fragments being shed from the sides of the drop so it is almost like I have flow around a spherical surface and that flow is just pinching off tiny drops this is like our diesel spray as you can tell in this kind of a mode of this kind of breakup the range of drop sizes expected from the breakup process are going to be much smaller than the parent drop itself and in the rest of the regime you have other physics happening that will come back and discuss in the next class.


Welcome folks, we at the Dow Industries finish up 240, Nasdaq up 165, S&Ps up 26, Gold. Gold contract down $34.90 trading at $18.99, yet Silver down 51 cents, $23.74 an ounce, Light Sweet Crude off $3, $99.06 a barrel, notes and bonds, 10-year up 26, $1.19, $18.30 up a full point, plus 11 ticks at $141.14, and King Dollar. $493 ticks trading at $101.712, Euro 107, Yen 128 and the British Pound 127 to $1 to U.S. Dollar. You get the Twitter board accepting Elon Musk bid, taking a private, that's going to be going private at $54.20, now it's intriguing, as that just came across the tape that bottom line Twitter itself has locked down the social networking platform through next Friday, this coming Friday rather, that employees can't make any changes to it, you can imagine what a little mess they could have on their hands in about a second. What they're saying is that for now Twitter won't allow product updates unless they're business related, critical. The company accepted the $54.20 bid from Musk, product changes will require approval from a vice president. The people said Twitter imposed a temporary ban to keep employees who may be miffed about the deal from going rogue according to one of the people. It's going to be really intriguing watching what Musk wants to do, number one, and how he's going to basically make money. He definitely put a lot of money up to make money, but he might not have put it up to make money. He might have put it up just to rule the world, and pretty easy to do when you own Twitter. There's no doubt about that. We're going to take a look at the S&P. What you have with the S&P is that we rejected lower price out there, folks. You had volume, though, but the bottom line did reject lower price. We'll see if this thing can bounce up to the 435. Right now you're at 428. We go look at the NDX100. We take a look at the NDX, the three Qs, and both of them, by the way, and it confirmed the ABC down. The Qs are different. The Qs went up four bucks, but the bottom line, now you're going to have a high volume low. You're going into a high volume low at 79 million shares, and guess what? You did 98. So, yeah, you might get a little bounce, and as I said a little bit earlier, I think the battle is going to be set up after the close tomorrow night. Microsoft will kick them a little bit higher, but Google looks like a lot lower. Have a great night, folks. Have a safe night. Come back and visit Tommy tomorrow morning. Kick us off 9 o'clock in the morning. Great show. Have a great one, folks. Have a safe. Sharpening your skills as an investor is like getting better at playing a m-


Hello everyone and welcome. My name is Tim Goldsard. I'm the executive producer of the Sound Post Sessions which is the monthly listening room concert series that we host here at Longmont Public Media and it is my true pleasure and delight to welcome all of you to the 2022 spring walkabout music showcase. I'm super excited to have this event back happening again this year as I'm sure all of you are as well and so welcome to all of you. This event would not be possible without the support and all the work that goes on behind the scenes by the LDDA, the Longmont Downtown Development Authority and the Longmont Creative District and also our title sponsor for the show today which is TBK Bank. So a round of applause. So we host a concert series here as I mentioned once a month called the Sound Post Sessions and if you'd like to learn more about what that is all about and the kinds of things we have coming up. We've got some really great acts coming up in May and June. You can learn more about that on our website or if you follow us on Instagram you can find it there as well or you can also sign up for our newsletter that we send out once a month called the Sound Post and today if you sign up with your email address just out here in the entry area you can get a free sticker. We just printed up some new stickers for the Sound Post Sessions and so sign up and then that's your little prize. So hope you can come back and see us again for one of those shows but before then she really needs no introduction but please join me in welcoming Liz Barnes. Thank you. Good to see all of you. Thank you. This is a song inspired by my dog Ruthie.  She's running free when she's here. Especially these humans so that's her character. There's Sims on the guitar I can only think of one thing because you can't see their mouth. Was it just musicians? I wrote this was just honored at the Grammy Foundation Music Cares. David Wilcox wrote something eventually into my 50s and 60s. These words are going to still be in my wife's name. Jared File. It's so good to see you my dear friend. Quick story about Jared. I'm not going to do that song but Jared sent me these words a long time ago and said can you write music to this for my at the time wife's birthday. I'm pretty sure I caused the divorce because every wedding I've ever played at they've been divorced so I don't play weddings anymore but so Jared sent me these words I wrote the song kind of quickly and it's a cool little song I'm still trying to figure out how to make it right on my end but thank you for that. Good to see you. It's new we did record it though. My favorite songwriter is in the world as well so it's so it's so it was so nice to get the call and of course I said absolutely and thank y'all so much for uh for selling out the winter spring music showcase Swapabout. This big Richard band I'm happy for in everything. Oh me too but I'm happier world combination. I love to say the name of that band say big Richard and then people go the second and then I got a song inspired by a place in my home state Louisiana although I've been in Colorado for so long how would you combine Louisiana and Colorado all of it sounds like a venereal disease it's a pleasure to play with these wonderful people Eric Turin Christian Teal Taylor Sims every person I reached out to and he said yes I just like this is a song about my escape from Nashville do that at least once I recommend it come with escape having us and Christian's gonna be on trying to get along with strongly strongly strongly I was starting to sing with an accent there too my my accent was coming back on that song so thanks except New Orleans is all all messed up accent there anyway thanks again sing along with this at the end you'll it will be familiar because I stole it from Van Morrison


Hey everyone, it's Robert. So Yoru just came out this morning with episode 2 and I've been making lineups with him the entire day. So I'm going to be showing you all of the teleport lineups that I've learned on Ascent. We're going to start off with attack because Yoru is a duelist and he kind of thrives on attacking. And then I'm also going to show you some defensive lineups with this teleport ability that you can do in game. A quick few notes that I want to say before we start here. Yoru's teleport ability isn't as linear as it seems. So let me explain. The way your teleporter travels changes a lot based on where your crosshair placement is like how high, how low it is, how close it is to the first wall that it collides with. So let me show you an example here. Look at the minimap at the top left. And the front of that little icon is exactly like the direction that the teleporter is facing and headed. So despite throwing it at this wall and thinking that it would ride it all the way down and end up here, it stops before it even gets there because the teleporter is no longer facing this way because over time it curves and curves and turns and turns and turns and turns. And now the center of it is facing directly into this wall. So now it's just going like this as if you were just holding the W key. So knowing that you can abuse this mechanic and do a lot of crazy things with certain angles and walls on the map that I think a lot of people haven't really realized and taken into consideration yet. Also your teleporter is shootable. So as you're throwing it out in some of these, you're going to need to defend it. Whether that be with flashes or your teammate smokes or you want to like shoot and distract them while it travels, however you want to do it. But just know that your teleporter is shootable. Think the distance is about a Cypertrip wire. Just take that into consideration as you're doing some of these lineups, especially on the defense side of the things because they're going to be passing by a lot of people. So first let's start with this attack lineups on B side. The very, very first one that I wanted to show you guys is actually through mid. This is, I think, a perfect example of with the right lineups and with the right walls and collision, the things you can do with your teleportability. The lineup is really easy to do once you get the hang of it. You want to get as deep into this corner as possible. And then at the bottom left where it shows my HP bar at the end of the line, you want to get it right underneath this gray dot on the gray brick and have it hang over a little bit on the line where the gray brick and the brown brick meet and then throw it out and look where this teleporter goes. Collides with this wall. Now this is the trick here. It collides with this wall, curves and gets you all the way into their spawn. The B main ones are pretty easy. I mean of course the logs one is really easy to do.  Probably worth flashing your way in there. Another more interesting one you could do is like maybe flash your cross here. Just get as deep as you can in this corner, hang a little bit to the left. The lineup isn't that perfect honestly. It's really easy to do. Aim around the middle of this wall, throw it out. That's gonna get you all the way in Boathouse. There's another one you can do out of B main. This one's a bit more risky because you have to be peeking in order to throw it.  It doesn't really matter. This one's easy to hit as long as you're covered from Market and CT. So that's what it looks like. And that's just gonna get you up into stairs. This next one is also extremely powerful in my opinion. If you're attacking from mid, you want to just line up on these two great dots here, here across here just about like the center. Aim just to the right of like this dark patch in this top middle diamond. Right about there. Throw it out. It's gonna go all the way down Cat, up through mid and get you all the way into Market. This next one is a lot more risky. Maybe you can have a smoke down mid, smoke down Cat. You want to line up against this dirt spot on the on the ground and then right where this empty patch is. Aim here and then aim just the top left of the store. It's gonna go all the way down Cat and that's gonna get you into Tree. This next one is for attacking on A. You're gonna want to come into A main. Aim just about in the center of the store. It's not that hard to hit. Aim just the top right of the sprig. Throw it. Maybe flash yourself into like stopping from shooting it. Let it get all the way into hell and you're here. This next one is also extremely powerful in my opinion.  Just get over. You're gonna want to come to the top of these stairs and then aim right in the middle of this box here. Just throw it out. That's gonna teleport all the way through. Ride these walls and get you all the way into Tree from Wine. Let's say you guys are doing a Cat push. Your team's pushing onto A site and you get deep in this corner. Just aim roughly in this direction. It doesn't really matter that much. Throw it out. That's gonna go all the way through Tree into their spawn right about there. You can catch the people rotating from B, the people from mid. Alright, so let's get started on defense now. This next one's a bit more tricky, but it lands you deeper into B lobby. So it's a bit more of a safer play in my opinion. Look at this tile on the ground. To the top left, there's gonna be this dot right there. And then you're gonna want to go to the top left brick of this dot and the center of it right about here. And then you really want to make sure that you're aiming just on the edge of this wall because you need this wall for it to turn and re-center itself in order to get past this building here. Otherwise, it's just gonna collide and go into this corner. So you want it to turn enough left to where it gets past this building and ends up back there. So let me show you what that looks like right about there at this corner. Aim just to the edge of this wall. Right about the middle. That's gonna get you all the way deep into B lobby. Another good play is just anchoring your teleporter and logs and just doing whatever, pushing out, maybe looking for a quick pick here, TP back. You can also anchor it for mid. Right when the round starts, throw it over into tiles. Then you're gonna want to flash yourself in on this one. Second here at pop, TP. This next one's a bit harder to pull off. You're gonna need a smoke in top mid, get in this corner. This next one is from Kat to tile spawn. Right when the round starts, you're gonna want to flash yourself in. You're gonna have to do this one pretty quick. Line yourself up roughly around the edge of this box here and then aim just above the corner of this wall. Throw it out. That's gonna get you all the way back behind this hut. This one is also really strong.  It'll get you from this gate at spawn all the way into their spawn. So you're gonna want to stand roughly around this line here and then right at the top left corner of this door. If you just move to the left, you'll see like a dark spot here. Just a little bit to the right of that, right about there. Throw it out. That's gonna go all the way through. The trick is for it to collide with this wall and change it to this direction. Collide with that wall.  There's a one play you can do. Of course, this one's really not hard to hit. Let it just stand here, throw it anywhere against this wall. This one's kind of obvious. Flash in, here in one. This next one is if you're retaking A. Kind of a risky play, but it's doable. So what you want to do is line up with this yellow tape here and then aim at this yellow tape on the wall as well. Throw it out. That's gonna take you all the way through A-Heaven through A-Site, all the way into A-Mane. Kind of exposed, especially if there's a guy playing A-Mane and somebody playing Gen. But maybe if you throw it on some footsteps here, then throw it out. Maybe throw a flash or two. Kind of mess with them a little bit. Activate your footsteps. Have them all looking heaven.  So there's a lot of different things you can do to protect each other porter. I know I say it a lot, but it's really, really important. This next one is for B-Retake. Now B is a lot harder to retake than A is, in my opinion.  Walk this way. Assuming they don't see your TP. Drop some footsteps. Maybe throw a flash and just like confirm the push. Drop footsteps again. TP back in this corner. Have them all looking there. Maybe get the guide vote house. That's gonna do it for me and all the line-ups I have for a sense so far. I'm sure I'll find a bunch more as I continue to play him. I'll be playing him a ton over on my live stream twitch.tv slash Robert Reijer underscore. If you want to come through, I show him almost every single day there. Be sure to subscribe and turn on notifications. I'm gonna be making line-ups like this for all the maps in Valorant. Drop a like if you enjoyed and a comment on what else you guys want to see and I'll see you guys in the next video.