Just a quick introduction to Automotive Grade Linux. Hopefully, most of you are already aware of what it is. But Automotive Grade Linux is an open source project based at the Linux Foundation, hosted by the Linux Foundation, focused on rapid innovation of vehicle software. And that includes vehicle software like the in-vehicle infotainment and instrument cluster systems. And our tagline is collaborating to build the car of the future through rapid innovation. We have a total of 11 car manufacturers that support HGL that are members. These include most of the Japanese ecosystem, like Toyota and Honda, Mazda, Subaru, includes US, like Ford, includes manufacturer in China, SAIC. And then recently, we've added Mercedes and Volkswagen from Germany, from Europe. So it's a good worldwide ecosystem. And overall, we have 155 total member companies, including a large number of Tier 1 suppliers and Tier 2 suppliers. And those are broken up into platinum, gold, silver, and bronze level members. Like I mentioned before, Automotive Grade Linux is the only organization addressing Linux in all different types of ECUs within the car. So our primary focus the first few years of the project was infotainment. We have a very active instrument cluster expert group right now that's working on bringing an instrument cluster prototype out that some of our members can use in their vehicles in the next few years. We have a telematics and connectivity profile. We're involved in Alisa, the embedded Linux in safety applications projects within the Linux Foundation. And in fact, recently they announced that there is an automotive working group that's going to be starting within Alisa. We're also looking at advanced drivers, ADAS systems, and eventually building up to autonomous driving, although that's sometime in the future. I think GL, we work on something called the Unified Code Base. It's basically we're using a single code base, single piece of software, single set of code repositories for the entire industry. And we're obviously to reduce fragmentation throughout the industry. Our goal is to provide at least 70% of the base platform for a production project in whatever of the profiles you might see here. We have reference hardware and applications available for adaptation. And really the overarching goal of the Unified Code Base is to cultivate an ecosystem. We have developers, suppliers, automotive expertise, everybody contributing to a single code base with all of the various repositories that we control. So this is our 2020 schedule. Our releases are codenamed as Fish. We have the Ichi Ice Fish release, 9.0, earlier this year. We've already done two patch releases. We have another patch release scheduled for the end of next month. Meanwhile, we're focusing on working on jumping jellyfish where we are moving to the Yachto 3.1 version. The Yachto, which is their LTS version, if you saw their earlier presentation on LTS. And then at the end of this year, we'll be releasing the final release for jumping jellyfish as planned for the January timeframe. And then we'll be starting on Kuki Koi as we finish up the jumping jellyfish release. So the AGL architecture is based on the AGL application framework built on top of Yachto. It's a microservices architecture. We have a concept of bindings and binders with a whole lot of different services available on top of that. Just a, I think a short list of available binders includes a home screen, window manager, audio, connectivity, including networking, wifi, Bluetooth, vehicle signaling like CAN, telephony phone book, location services like GPS and geo fencing along with some reference apps that build on top of these things like a navigation app. We've got media player, media scanner using light media scanner. So there's a whole bunch of different binders available and that list of binders grows seemingly every month or something new introduced. In terms of developer resources, all of these slides will be posted on SCED later on, so you can click on all these links. The developer resources, so we have a getting started guide on our wiki page. We have a documentation site. You can see there's a getting started guide on the documentation site that allows you to figure out how to get up and running as quickly as possible with your chosen board and how to write applications. We use JIRA for defect tracking and project management and we capture our test cases in JIRA as well using, I think it's Zephyr. You can go get pre-built binaries and source tar balls for all of our releases. Release notes are available, of course, on our wiki. We use Garrett for code review and merging. There's a Git mirror available and we also offer a number of different ways to communicate with the community. So we have a weekly developer call on Tuesday mornings. We, you can call in, you can ask questions. We usually get 20 to 30 people calling into that every week. We use IRC, there's almost always people on IRC on free note on hashtag hash automotive. We have a developer mailing list that you can subscribe to and just wanted to show this. So typically in a typical year, because we're trying to be, again, we're trying to develop a community in an ecosystem here, we would get together six or seven times a year, either at AGL all member meetings or events like embedded Linux conference. Or we even host some developer meetups at various companies throughout the world. You can see last year we had a good number of these. This year, unfortunately, we've had to cancel, we've had to cancel a lot of that because of the coronavirus. But if you are an AGL member, we do have the Berlin all member meeting coming up next month in July. And we'll figure out as we go through the year whether we can hold our usual integration sessions as part of the Automotive Linux Summit and the CES integration sessions that we would normally have. So that's it, we just wanted to give a really short overview of automotive grade Linux. And so I see we do have a question. Do you have any questions? Just like I said before, if you have a question, please pop it up, pop it into the questions tab. And if you can answer the question, if you can answer the question better than I can, then most likely somebody can. You can raise your hand and we can activate your microphone and you can give the answer. So the first question I see here is from Jesus. It says, when I say that this Linux approach, this Linux approach to an AutoSAR similar platform. So I don't know if you're talking about Classic AutoSAR or I forgot the new one's called, but Classic AutoSAR definitely not. Classic AutoSAR is really dealing with, it's a very close system dealing with just the low level can interfaces. And messaging through can. We're at a higher level than that. And the newer AutoSAR adaptive, yeah, I would say, I guess it's similar to that, although more inclusive. I don't know a lot about AutoSAR adaptive given that they're a closed ecosystem. If somebody has something else, some additional, something else they wanted to answer or add to my answer there, you can raise your hand. So another thing we should bring up in terms of what we provide on our motor freight limits. So I mentioned we have a Garrett system. We use Garrett for code reviews. We have a continuous integration. We have a CI system based on Jenkins with remote test labs and using remote boards as well as QEMU. It looks like I've got a question here. Is there a way to test software without equipment maybe like demo software? Yes, there's a couple of things you can do. We have board support packages for inexpensive boards like Beaglebone Black, especially the Raspberry Pi 4. We can also use QEMU, the test. And then we have, every year we have done a, last few years we've done a CES demo using what we call the green machine. And all those demo applications are available in our Git tree. You'll see, if you look in our Git tree, you'll see there's a set of applications there like multimedia, phone, HVAC. There's a home screen. There's a navigation app and a POI search app. So there's a whole host of applications you can use including an Alexa app as well. So we have speech integration there. So hopefully that answered your question, Jamie. So Andrew Murray has a question and I think Jan Simon could pop raise his hand and maybe answer this one, help me answer this one. Left to get more information on how we do CI testing in QEMU and on physical hardware. So we use lava for that. And can you, Kate, can you please give Jan Simon mic access, please? So Jan Simon is the, he runs our continuous integration and automated test expert group. Hello. Yes, we can hear you. Yeah, okay, yeah, connection stabilizes. All right, so yeah, we can actually run tests on QEMU and on physical hardware. This is done by the lava software. So this is a framework that allows you to manage farms of boards, kind of multiple boards of the same type, but QEMU is basically just, yeah, a subtype here as well. So when we built a submitted change set in our CI system in Jenkins, the artifacts get published to a web server and the lava labs get a job submitted and then pull the artifacts, run a series of tests. And that can be QEMU, that could be physical hardware. If you are interested in details on lava, just hit me up on Slack.  But in principle, you can hook up any hardware where you can do power control, serial and network. So that's the three things you need and then you can hook that up with lava. Okay, so let me see if there are any other questions. Okay, so we have another question. Anybody here specializes in mobile 4 or 5G connectivity in the automotive context, if not any contact info. So we have, if you go to our JIRA page, we have a number of expert groups within AGL, including the connectivity expert group. And the connectivity expert group meets every other Thursday and they're focusing on connectivity, including mobile connectivity. And we have some of that available already in our repositories and in our applications. I'd say right now we have a lack of people who are actually working on those modems who have been participating. We've been more focusing on it from a user perspective. But the telematics use cases and we also have a vehicle to cloud expert group that meets every other Monday. In fact, they met this morning and they are also focused on connectivity to a server backend for vehicle data collection and things like that. But again, so I guess it's, Claude, I guess it depends on whether you're interested in the low level interaction with the modem or with more of the high level and application type use cases. So the connectivity expert group is really focused on the lower level stuff and the vehicle to cloud expert group is more focused on the application level and connectivity with a server. Somebody asked if I could click on the answered ones and I don't see a way to do that. So are you guys using, okay, Zach has asked the question. It's interesting, so Zach is from Cary, I'm from Cary, but I'm guessing you're from Cary, North Carolina. I'm in Cary, Illinois. Zach, are you guys using smack as our Linux security module? If so, how has your experience been with it? Boy, we are using smack. Let me, I'll ask if Scott or Scott Murray or John Simon want to talk a little bit more or anybody else about our usage of smack, but all of our, so all of our binders require smack enablement and through the application framework. I'd say we've run into a few issues, but I probably, I have not been directly using that. I think Scott and some other folks have been more direct users of it. And I think the guys who set that up who work for, like Jose, he's probably asleep right now because it's midnight in France. Someone raised their hand. So can we let Scott speak? Complicated compared to policy setups you could imagine. Basically every installed app gets its own label to the policy, which is sort of similar to the early visions of how Android SE Linux, which makes it somewhat straightforward to understand how it works. But now they're, because smack doesn't have a really large user community, recently you've had some issues with things like pipe wire and they started to use math Ds for things to pass memory buffer handles round. And smack doesn't really support labeling things that don't have presence, like they're not in the file system. That complicates things a bit. Whereas, as I understand, SE Linux has had support added for things like that. So it does raise some questions about how future proof smack's gonna be outside of AGL, probably at this point, ties into the only real user of it that I know of. So I think that's it. Does that answer the question? I'm sorry, I muted myself. I think so. If there's a follow-up, Zach, please ask the follow-up in the question area. Yachto LTS was announced. Which version of Yachto does AGL use and how long has it maintained? So we are actually, so for jumping jellyfish coming up in September, we will be using the Yachto LTS version. So our next release, the 10.0 release, will use 3.1. And so if you go to our master branch now, that's already running the LTS version. In the past, we have switched Yachto versions once a year in our January release and stuck with it for a year. Our tentative plan right now is to stick with the Yachto LTS version through its two-year life cycle. The commitment from our board vendors who are members of AGL and the boards that we use is that they'll stick with that version and continue to support it. Our understanding from the Yachto team is that the non-LTS versions will only be supported for I think nine months. So we were using, we were thinking about using Zeus rather for the next version, which would have been 3.0. And that's already going out of support from Yachto. So the plan right now is we will stick with the LTS version for the next two years. And I think at that point we'll revisit what we do. Either Yachto will declare another LTS or AGL will decide to continue to use that same one depending on what our members and what our advisory board wants to do. So I'd say for at least two years locked into the LTS version and that'll be released with the jumping jellyfish in September. Next question is from Pratik from Hitachi. Is AGL related to CIP? Not really. So it's a completely different project with different goals. They're more focused on I think a 20 year use case. So there are some cross members but nobody's really working on, no individuals that I know of are working on both projects. How can someone help start helping the project more beginner oriented? A lot of different ways. So we obviously download the code, play with it, see what works. If you see something that doesn't work, submit a fix or submit a bug, a bug report. If you have trouble downloading it and getting it running, certainly the mailing list people are, I think, I think we have a fairly friendly community. The people answer questions on the mailing list. We also, like I said, we have our developer chat, we have our developer call on Tuesdays and the IRC channel. If you, it's as with any open source project, if there's something missing and you feel like it needs to get done, we always accept contributions. We have some people working on some cloud use cases. Right now, there's also a list of roadmap items that we have on our Wiki page. And you can just drop me a question as well or something you think you might wanna work on. Just let me know. And of course, I mean, I hate to say this, but documentation is always an area we need help on. So I ask anybody who's been going through, bringing up the board, if they find a problem with the documentation to help submit updates there as well, it's greatly needed. Or greatly, greatly needed when greatly appreciated. So I think we already answered the next question from Claude. Has HGL, Anthony asks, has HGL gone through any government slash safety compliance slash certifications? So we are members of the ELISA project that bed leaned at Linux and safety applications. When you think about for automotive, you think about AISO 26262 and the AISO levels. We're targeting AISO B for our instrument cluster solution. The instrument cluster expert group is working very much hand in hand with the ELISA automotive working group that's forming now. We've been very active in their existing efforts. So the ELISA team has people from different certification bodies that are helping us with understanding what issues we need to solve an AGL there. So we have not gone through any of that stuff yet. Of course, when it comes to AISO B or any of those certifications, you get certified at a system level, not just the AGL software itself. So we wanna make those artifacts available that a company would need in order to meet those certifications. And that's kind of what the goal of our instrument cluster project is, is to try to figure out what exactly we need to provide. So again, if you're interested in that topic, I'd say our instrument cluster expert group is probably the furthest ahead. I'm gonna skip to some variants. I'm gonna say it wrong. Some sub-Romanians question on the bottom because it's easy for me to answer. Where to find the list of eval boards supported by AGL at present? Go to the release notes on the Wiki page. And you can also pre-build, you can also find pre-built binaries for Raspberry Pi 4 and the number of other boards there. How mature, okay, so David is asking, how mature are AGL binders for CAN bus management and data logging? Is it still in development or more production ready? How mature, so they've been, we've had them available now for a few years. We use them in our demo. Our green machine has a separate boards for instrument cluster and the IVI system with a CAN bus connection between them. We have what we call a vehicle signal manager, which allows you to create abstractions of the messages so the applications don't need to know the exact messages and you can combine fields in the messages and get notifications and things like that and send messages on the bus. Is anybody, is it in, I would say it's still in development. We know there are some issues around production readiness. There's a lot of interest around building up that functionality. So we have, right now we have a member in Germany with the Rutlegan University that's been kind of building up more and more that functionality, creating some tooling around taking canoe messages and canoe message databases and converting them to the JSON needed for the vehicle signal manager. And I think that's looking very promising. And Denzo 10 has done a lot of work with it, has done a lot of work with the CAN bus as well. But I don't think anybody has put it into production yet. And the instrument cluster guys may hopefully will pick that stuff up as well. I hope that answered your question, David. Does AGL support OTA over the air updates? We have support for OS tree. John Simon or Scott needs to chip in because I always forget the answer to this. Okay, so we have the building blocks for OS tree and John Simon raised his hand so maybe we can promote him as well to speak. And AGL in general is not worried about the end to end OTA solution. The manufacturers, the OEMs have said that they'll take care of that. They'll own the solution from the server to the device. John Simon, you can speak to what enablers we have on there, in there already. Yeah, so the OS tree over the air update system has been submitted a while ago by ATS, Advanced Telematic Systems. This is based on OS tree and is integrated into the current code base. There are some board specifics, so not all boards have those enabled, but the usual suspects have. Yeah, so you just have to enable the AGL-SOTA feature and OS tree-based support will be there. It's not hard to try it out. There is a guide on the wiki, which should work pretty much fine. Scott, did you wanna add anything? I know somebody had asked, I think somebody had asked that question on the Slack channel earlier and Scott was talking about some of the work that Leon did with ATS. So if you go search the Slack channel, I think there's some discussion of that as well. Okay, is there any other questions? Well, this hasn't been quite as interactive as a typical bof, but I think it's been okay. Just give another minute for anybody else has a question. Otherwise, I guess we can end early or I can sing.  Was there something new in the chat? Okay, we do have another question. Does AGL support dynamically installed apps? Yes. So I guess it depends on what you mean by dynamic. How dynamic? The short answer is yes. And I think Scott might be able to give a better, expand them now a little better than I can. Scott, somebody raised their hand. Oh, there he goes. But if you can get the widget file, I mean, we regularly use that in testing. Yeah, they have another question from Karthik about does AGL have an app for Android Auto? No, we do not. So we believe, so being a collaborative project for the Linux Foundation, we could not sign the necessary agreements with Google to support Android Auto out of the box. But we know that some of our tier one suppliers and tier two suppliers have written Android Auto on top apps on top of AGL. So we know it can be done. But we unfortunately do not have the ability to provide that as an application from AGL out of the box directly. And then the same thing with CarPlay, with Apple CarPlay.


Hey friends today, I am at Hollywood Studios, and they are playing Christmas music. I am so excited Let's go do this Take a look at all the Christmas decorations out here already. This is gonna be a great day It is also the second day that they allowed people to join boarding groups at 7 a.m. from their home and We kind of tested that out and Some friends added it for me. Oh Boy, you know Hollywood Studios became my second favorite park during Christmas time They've really stepped it up over the years. I'm sure they can't go all out like they have the past too But still the decorations have been on point Absolutely amazing I'm already getting emotional like I really am Christmas really does something to me there friends. I got to tell you now. Oh, man I can't wait to get the Magic Kingdom, but this is just as good. Oh I'm just staring at them all. I'm really I did a little giddy-ish And my favorite part of Christmas here at Hollywood Studios is over by Echo Lake That's where they have the actual tree and they have the ornaments in the water and then this old old style like Christmas decorations This is so great Look at St. Nicholas right there. Oh boy guys. I just want to see this lit up. Oh, this is this is what I'm talking about My plans were kind of indecisive today when I got here I didn't know how long I was gonna end up staying here But now that I see that tree we're staying through it because I cannot wait to see it get lit I cannot wait to see all of the Christmas lights. It's just so amazing The best part of it, although it looks like Hollywood Studios didn't lose any of its Christmas decorations Like I know that they didn't do as much for Halloween this year But this looks like just about all the same amount of Christmas decorations They would normally have maybe they won't have the special entertainment and stuff, but this is just as good for me I'm happy. I am so happy with this We will definitely be spending a lot more time Concentrating on the Christmas at Hollywood Studios now I want to go meet up with my friends who actually got me the rise of the resistance boarding group because they woke up at 7 a.m I had a reservation. They all had reservations So they just selected all in the party and bada bing bada boom And I suppose a good place to go meet up before we do rise of the resistance is that our favorite canteen with our Favorite DJ I was supposed to meet them at August canteen, but there they are There are my friends who got me the boarding group for rise of the resistance.  Oh, I'm ready. Oh We're going in here All the party has begun I Decided to go ahead and get the Gamorian ale which is a red ale and then also some bat-tooth bites I absolutely love those so we're gonna have a little time hanging out here before we actually hit up rise of the resistance I like it Oh Yes That's the stuff We got the Gamorian red ale look how red it is And then the wamping ale The the wamping willow To the resistance there comes about two bites Look at that charcuterie I've never got the bite Here is the food for this evening Vincent got the sampler very very very fancy. I would have to say Roasted Spam I like it The best thing about the Batu bits which I've said wrong I call the Batu bites Batu boots and Ultimately, it's Batu bits this everything has a different taste and texture all those different Pieces are all different flavors and different textures. So it makes it really interesting Our boarding group is called so we got a head out but head out in style here Bye So we were boarding group number 59 were we 59 guys? Yes, and it is 220 So that just gives you kind of a thought the park opened at 10 So in four hours, they are at boarding group 59 All right this way Did you use your wallet, I did what do you think you're fancy or something We're all here folks Same colors We're green Front Let's go, let's go so much putsy glass was added in here Yeah Don't mention your Thank you Oh First time riding with this plexiglass in front of us Fasten keep our arms speak to me inside the transport and supervise your children I see The resistance so what you guys think did the plexiglass make it any different Well friends, I absolutely love rise the resistance I think you already know that but now that they have the plexiglass it gives them the Capability to actually give out more boarding groups a lot of people might be upset because they have that plexiglass and say it might actually Like interfere with the experience I would rather sacrifice that for more of a chance just to be able to ride the ride Do I mean the plexiglass makes it possible that they can see both roles with separate parties like you I mean and Like I'm willing to risk it. I'm willing to risk lack of an experience just to have the experience Now that we actually escaped capture from the resistance. I think we might as well do the Tower of Terror What that tower up the way and Sunset Boulevard. Yeah, that one. I don't know. I don't think we should go in there, man Oh, well, I do appreciate when a photopastor photographer actually goes out of her way to get good shots Like look at her dodging the Sun. That is what I'm talking about Only two more hours and these lights should be turning on and let me tell you something I am literally just waiting into that moment We're just coming up with things to do as we walk around Hollywood studios and just waiting for the glorious time Where the music hits and the lights get bright Wow That was beautiful When the lights go down in the city Oh, yes, correct One of the things I'm pretty sure they're not going to be doing this year is the projections on the Hollywood Tower of Terror Or as they would do actually during the show the Hollywood toy hotel, which I absolutely loved But I don't know if they can do that and still be able to accommodate social distancing Because people would gather here and like big crowds to watch it So they're probably not going to do that But I wouldn't be surprised if maybe they did since they are still going to do the projection show and the castle But if they do end up doing it, I will be here. I will be here with bells on Previously the line used to be out front and actually went up into the phantasmic area, but now Holy moly guys This is such a long line Wow Like before I told you I've actually waited in line where I come up to this point before and actually had a wrap around So I think we're going to test it out. We're going to get in line right now. It is 4 33 And uh right from this point, we're going to see how long it takes to actually get there Oh look phantasmic Oh, okay. Jackie's got a timer running. Yeah, she's got an official timers Now she got in line like a couple minutes right before me, but we'll go off her timer Yeah, because this is when we like got in line and that's a perfect 13 minutes so far 13 minutes for the tower of terror and we're here. See that worked out perfectly We are 25 minutes in and we are at the main lobby of the hollywood hotel We'll meet again Don't know how Don't know when 30 minutes exactly guys. How awesome is that? So they actually socially just I'm seeing so much more Thank you One of my favorite little shops was down by mama melrose and they actually sold all of these things down here But now it looks like they moved them up here and I'm so happy about that This is something I would love to have in my house. Look at this. They call it the original toys and it's done by tim rogerson 795 dollars That is breathtaking right there Oh fancy parade crossing Right outside of the tower of terror they have a joffrey's coffee shop And they got a little bit of seasonal beverages including a peppermint mocha latte Might as well enjoy a Christmas hot beverage for the first time this year. I'm very excited Thank you Oh boy, we got our Christmas drink and now the lights are turning on Can't really see the much Yeah, this is great Oh, it's gonna get a lot better though guys. I know you can't see much like I said, but Yeah, a little bit happening Oh, I'm so excited guys. The tree is actually lit already. Oh boy. This is what I've been waiting for Look at how beautiful this is we definitely will come back once it gets a little bit darker But just seeing it like now it's still awesome.  Oh, look at it right there Ah So since it's starting to turn the golden hour, we decided to get a line for the photo pass But let me tell you something it's getting very busy People are really lining up and I don't blame them because this is beautiful Fun fact, I could probably sit here all day and just stare at this Like I really could honestly I'm not lying And that is what I've been waiting for all night Look at that beautiful, isn't it? Well friends, I think that's gonna do it for me today I feel like I'm gonna be coming here a lot more often. I absolutely Love christmas time in the parks What this is is just the beginning because this is actually my first christmas park I've been waiting to go to magic kingdom. I will be going there very soon But this is just a great start to another wonderful season Anywho's I hope you enjoyed the video. I enjoyed making it. We'll see you next time. Bye


Hello everyone. I'm back and first of all, I just want to thank everybody. So this is day 100 and today I won't be taking any session. This is just a gratitude session and just wanted to announce one giveaway. So I can see lots of folks are waiting for the session and sorry for being late. I was in another session. As you all know, like I started job readiness program. So I was in that session. So that's why late. So thank you so much for like attending all the sessions of bootcamp. And it was very difficult for me to deliver all the sessions without your motivation and constant support. So you might be thinking like what giveaway I wanted to announce. So before jumping onto the debt before jumping on that, I just want to share the screen which I like the most. And this is the place from where I am. Jaapur. Okay, so I just want to thank all the viewers, followers and subscribers for following all the sessions of bootcamp. And it was nice experience. Now this giveaway is for like location dependent. I just wanted to announce one thing like as I promised you like I started some limited seats sessions as well for online like it is paid and for offline. I am announcing this thing like if you are in Jaapur or you can come to Jaapur. So this is the offering from my side. So I just want you to welcome to offline because in online, we can learn things but it has been difficult to collaborate to understand thing in more battery. So if you can come to Jaapur and you want to become part of the program. So like for first 50 candidates, I'm going to run Salesforce job readiness training program free of cost. And you can register your seat if you can come to Jaapur and be here for at least four months. So those who are already in Jaapur maybe they are students, BTEC student, MC student, M Tech students or like freshers, those who are struggling for job. If you are in Jaapur, so it is great opportunity for you. And those who are outside, I think it will be difficult for you. But as my location is Jaapur, so I can do it for Jaapur folks only. And the basis on the success of this location, I can plan to have sessions on another location as well. Okay, so this is only for those who are not good in good in Salesforce like self learning, right? So this this this was the giveaway that I wanted to announce. And those who can utilize this opportunity, they can grab this opportunity. I will be sharing the link soon, where you can fill your information. So that link will be available in the description of this video itself in the beginning. And yeah, let me see if I have that link handy. No. So right now, like I cannot share that link, we'll be sharing that link soon with you guys so that if you are interested, you can join. And I can see lots of folks are talking about Omni Studio bootcamp. Yeah. So this week, like Friday, Saturday, we'll be having sessions. So in this or next week, that Omni Studio sessions will also be completed. Okay, so yeah. So next thing, yeah, I have registration link as well, we'll be sharing right now. So these are some details like about the offline offering. So location will be Jaapur start date as 9th of October. Timing will be between four to seven anytime that I will share with you soon. And duration will be four months. And if I click here, so I have this form as well. Yep. So this is the form and I will be sharing this form link with you. So here, all the details are available that you can go through. Okay. And I just provided Google map link as well. Even if you search Sanjay Gupta Tech School on Google, so it will show you the location where I will be having the sessions. Okay, so this was the information I wanted to know. So if anyone that you know, who can join these sessions being in Jaapur, so please pass this information with that person so that they can join. Okay, so anything that you want to ask any any question that you have in my mind in your mind, so you can ask, I will be happy to share that. So please share this information with anybody who wants to attend offline training programs. So the link of this form I will be sharing soon. It will be available in the description of this video. So no Nilesh, it is not available online. It is for offline only. Because I just want to restart the culture of offline learning, because an online focus is very less. People are shy nature, they face some issues asking questions. And the grouping is very difficult. But in offline, we can make groups and people can learn things properly. So that's why I just wanted to do some research or like experiment with this program. So let's see how many folks turns up. So if you have any question, other than this or related to this, if you want to ask, just waiting for your questions. Okay, so I can see few questions. So Nilesh, like wait for next year, like in the beginning of next year, maybe there will be job offerings available. And I think for experienced candidates, it is easy to find jobs in comparison to freshers. Vishnu, Paa. I don't have any expertise and I don't have anyone who can take sessions. If I find someone, so we'll surely have those sessions. So here in these sessions are for Jaipur only. If you can come to Jaipur, then only you will be able to. Yes, Krishna, if if anybody is coming from other states, so I can give the preference. So whenever I share the link, so let me just see if I am able to share it right away. Yeah, so I will be sharing the link soon in the description you will find. So if you are interested, you can fill that form so that I will be sending you email notification. Once you fill the form, I will be receiving your data and we'll see like first 50, I will see like first 50 will receive the email. So keep an eye. So after this, like this live stream, I will be updating the description with the link of that Google form. You can just fill it and we'll be sharing that on LinkedIn as well. Yes, Adna will be starting sale service cloud soon. Maybe it will take some time because I'm preparing some content on that. Thank you, Nusrat for appreciating. Subashini, this this this part is completed. Omnistudio is already going on and next time planning for associate certification like associate AI associate certification that is in the list. And other than that, cloud specific sessions I will be doing next. Yes, Nilesh, this is hard time. But have patience. Sumoq online internship is very difficult to manage. So internship I will be giving that will be offline only. So nothing that you need to do yourself because learning I can get free, of course, but accommodation you need to bear yourself. Arendra like commerce background, you need to learn coding. So you need to think about that. Because in this training program, like development related things will be there. Okay, guys. So this was all about I wanted to share with you. So soon I will be sharing registration links. So once I end the stream, I will be updating stream with the registration link. And we'll be sharing it in the telegram group and LinkedIn as well. And once again, thank you so much for attending all 100 sessions and pass the information with folks so that they can also get benefit. No Sharon, Sharon, yeah, no. Stifern is not available. It is like I'm doing it from my side. So I don't have any project as of now. So I cannot pay if I will be having projects in future. So I will be giving paid internship as well. But as of now, it is like job readiness training program where I can offer you free learnings only. Yes, Shubhashini, prior to this, I took three hours session, which I started for online paid job readiness program. So that's why my energy is low. I was just having dinner prior to joining. So that's why I got two, three minutes late. And today I just wanted to have a little catch up. So that's why keeping my energy little low. Okay, friends. So I'm just ending the stream here only. So pass this information with everybody, those who want to learn Salesforce offline. So for initial 50 candidates, it will be free. And I will be sharing the registration link soon in the description of this stream. So they can fill it from there. Okay, thank you, everyone.


Hi guys, it's Monica and yeah, it's a wig and I'm actually going to do more of a color comparison than anything else because this is my favorite, favorite color of all times. This is Shaded Cappuccino and this color that I'm going to show you in this particular wig is absolutely close to this color and absolutely beautiful. This is Beltress Brown Sugar Sweet Cream and this is in the Wig Cafe Chic. I love, love this. Now on my head is Raquel Welch and this is Real Edge and Real Edge is on me it's a little bit shorter. You know, I always should mention this, my, from my forehead, from my hairline to my chin is 9 inches so I have what is considered a fairly long face. So when you're looking at wig styles, if the, if the cut is shorter or looks shorter on me than it does on you or looks different, it's because my face length or whatever the model is that you're looking at on the manufacturer's website probably has a shorter face where mine is pretty long, 9 inches and I also have what was considered more of an average to large circumference, it's 22 inches around and I have fat cheeks. So I have a long face, fat cheeks and my face shape is more heart shaped normally but this particular one I'm going to put it on. Let me show you the inside of the cap right now. Again, there's been a number of different reviews on this wig. So you can see it at nauseam if you want but I also love this. So just so you can see a little bit of the inside, this is a lace front. So you know it's not a full lace front, it's got, it's got a part, a mono part and it's got a lace front. So mono part lace front, really comfortable, comfortable I believe cap. They call this the smart lace front. This is heat friendly synthetic and this color is just gorgeous, absolutely gorgeous. Comes in many different colors, you can cinch it, I think you can cinch it in probably a good inch if you wanted to make it a little bit smaller but this is an average cap, it fits me really good. What I have on my head, real edge Barbara Kelle Welch is also heat friendly, also an average cap and I'll show you the inside when I take it off but I'm more inclined to show you more importantly to me the color because I think when you find a color that you fall in love with, right, that you think looks great on you, you might see wigs from different manufacturing, different styles and you might go, wow, what color is the closest to this? I mean I know that like for example I have two toppers, one is John Renau and the other is Raquel Welch topper. Both these toppers are in two completely different shades but when you put them side by side they look almost identical. It's like amazing to me, I should do a review on that if anyone's interested in a topper but those toppers, I mean really makes a big difference when you find the color and you stick to the color. So for Raquel Welch, I'm usually shaded wheat, I really like that, shaded wheat is a little bit more of a golden, you know, more of a little bit more blonde where this is shaded cappuccino and on me I consider this to be more of a light brunette with the, I think the color, the blend is really beautiful. Now I'm going to put on this beautiful, beautiful wig, you ready? Voila! So this is a cafe chic in brown sugar sweet cream and this is called a blend of dark to medium and light browns with blonde highlights and darker roots. I'm going to show you this. So you can see it's got the blonde. Now I think with this one it's a little bit more of a wedge look and I think the density is lighter, there is a zero permatease in this.  I don't like a ton of puff but I like a little bit of puff. So comparing the color to my Raquel Welch and the style is really close. Both these styles are, this one I think the edges are a little bit more blunter than real edges but they are so close and cut and I think real edge is a little shorter, probably a little bit higher in density so that you do have a little bit more puff. So to speak a little bit more puff but you can manipulate this. Now I have not used any products in this because this is not my wig although I really love this color. I cannot wait to explore this color in other Bell's Trust styles because I found my color and let me just give you a little bit of the dimensions on this. Cafe Chic, the measurements on the bangs are 8 inches and I believe that because my face is 9. So you can see how much longer this goes down than my Raquel Welch. The sides are 9, the nape in the back is 3.5 and the total back overall is 10. So 3.5 to 10 inches in the back. Fibers are beautiful, absolutely beautiful fibers, so realistic. No, you know, not like it's not a heavy wig at all. It is just super, super comfortable, super light, heat friendly so you can give it a little bit more curl if you want or body but I really like it straight. I really do just like I like my Raquel Welch. So just wanted to show you the color comparison between this and this in two different styles. I think this is beautiful. So anyways, wanted to share that with you. This is a Luxie at two different styles that are so close and two different colors. Which one do you like better on me? This one? Or did you like this one? Should I put this back on? I'll put it back on. Voila! Here it is. Now I haven't fussed with it at all, positioned it or anything like that.  I'll have to dig up the dimensions and put them in the description box below. But the bangs are a little bit shorter. I think go for all the wigs a little bit shorter but no perimeters. But I think because of the layers and the fibers, I think you have more of a little bit of a poor flock. So yeah, so this is Real Edge Raquel Welch and this is Cafe Chic. Thanks so much for watching. Oh and let me know if you are interested in the topper color comparison. And this is Raquel Welch, Shaded Cappuccino and Real Edge in the Natural Lighting. Up next will be Beltress and brown sugar, so we cream. This is Beltress.


Technology for navigating across Wyoming has come a long way. I have a smartphone that gives me turn-by-turn directions to help me get to my destination. I also have a car GPS navigation system that will do the same thing. I used to use a Wyoming roadmap. 150 years ago, when immigrants were moving across the Oregon Trail, they didn't have all this fancy technology. Instead, they used landmarks. There were three distinctive landmarks to help guide travelers across the Sweetwater Valley. Independence Rock, Devil's Gate, and Split Rock. Split Rock is a distinctive gun-site notch that rises 1,000 feet in the air. It helped aim immigrants toward South Pass more than 75 miles away. This landmark is one of few along the Oregon Trail that can be seen for days. Split Rock Station is located a short distance west of Split Rock between Cranor Rock and the South Bank of the Sweetwater River in what is now a Hay Meadow. It served as a Pony Express Station, Stage Station, and Telegraph Station in the 1860s. Next time you're driving along the highway near Muddy Gap, you'll probably notice Split Rock jutting into the sky. This may help guide you to your destination as it has for many others for centuries. From the University of Wyoming Extension, I'm Mae Smith, Exploring the Nature of Wyoming.


We no longer live in the world in which our social care and health services were originally designed for. The Healthier Wales is a plan to transform our social care and health system. Everyone in Wales should be able to remain active and independent for as long as possible. We'll know the plan is working if people are happier and healthier, services are better, care is innovative and modern and staff feel looked after and motivated. Together we can create a Healthier Wales. Y Llywodraeth Cymru


Alright, it's time to maybe finally actually finally get some answers today I'm watching episode 53 of Dragon Ball Super now in the last we got sort of a tease as to what might be going on with Goku Black or at least where he got his time ring from since Beerus and we both Recognized sort of the aura that was around him and it might be tied into a Kyle It kind of has to be tied into a Kai because only Kai's have time rings But we're gonna hop into it if you knew the channel drop us up and let's get started Zamasu is that this the Kai we're gonna want to see they said it was the 10th universe is Why does that one oh King Kai equivalent Oh, he's not Supreme Kai, okay, okay, I understand Yeah, Goku's getting a little too comfortable, I think he knows that Okay, there's no need to get so dark Nah, beer says this he cares that he cares about Goku too much already. I can tell he's got a soft spot for him They wouldn't go to all this trouble your tea is served. Oh I'm guessing this is the Supreme Kai and this is Zamasu. That's like serving him tea made by one pure of heart is Unclouded and always the most delicious to boot. Oh, this place seems awesome.  Them to keep doing this is the height of futility. I really like Zamasu's voice That's not the path of a Supreme Kai though, is it to think that way would a halt to their hopeless cycles once and for all Wow Jesus I'm starting to think Zamasu did give Goku black a time ring and he's having him fulfill this role early a prediction At least I'm the way he talks about just everything in terms of mortals He says yes Hi My god Because this is like a sacred place yeah mortals aren't supposed to step Your kindness there's no way that's what he's supposed to say This auspicious day we sin beers like two proud parents Hmm, do you know what he's saying Zamasu? Oh my god. Oh my goodness Zamasu's about to slap Goku.  Oh shoot Hey, man, I figured he would jump at the chance to fight Goku Yeah, where'd he get it does he actually not know He has one earring. Okay. Well, I feel like we got would have gotten some sort of hint that Zamasu knew Do they keep the oh they actually just keep them stored. Why don't we go see yeah?  I don't know how many are supposed to be as you can see Oh, why are some gold and some like one silver the one black war was silver. What if it's like a fake? Your pleasure dog, he's gonna just punch him. Oh, just go ahead and spar with him Oh Shoot What Zamasu just start killing Because he's gotta be stronger than Goku, right? Actually, I don't know maybe Goku would be stronger Oh true, of course, that's what I'm saying. He has to pull punches.  Okay.  Don't hold back even a little bit Beerus wants Goku to get stronger from this too Goku is just so psychotic man, but I love him. I don't know dude the mystery I thought we'd get some stuff cleared up, but it kind of just gets more confusing with that Why would the 10th universe is kind of the same energy as black? Yeah, it was that specific universe Oh my gosh, so someone in a patreon comments told me that's his Xenoverse outfit, which is kind of cool Why is he so embarrassed to talk about it?  Oh my god. Oh my god Think about it Jesus thing from him.    I'm gonna make you pay Kind of like the way she says that That was so uncomfortable. It's kind of cool how he sees it as like a positive though that she's not evil in this timeline I mean, you can't hold it against her. This is a completely different person. Basically It's looking good though. It looks almost done. Just here's him talking to himself Does he just not want her to be distracted? Oh Wait, they're rooting for her. I hope not these two specifically Oh here we saved actual W wingman. Holy Oh wait a band-aid oh She's gonna get brownie points and fun of trunks. Oh My gosh actual wingman. Oh Oh my god. Oh, no, he's trying too hard. Yeah, you should be reading rooting for those two not older trunks. Oh my gosh It feels like it's sometimes with that trio.  There's no way he's working with black It was like why would he lie to himself in his head, right? How's this gonna go?  There was a lot of murder in drugs timeline. Oh my god. He got manhandled. No Yeah, it goes. I can just go down instantly Bob iris. Is it the same energy? Oh Hmm, they felt the same thing. Yeah, they sense the same probably does Zamasu have like a brother sister mom dad or anything Maybe it's a hereditary. I Like Goku giving it to him though. Like he's like surprising him Beers is like whoa, whoa, whoa, hang on Maybe he's gaining respect for mortals through this though Like he sees more wills is just pathetic, but this is this one's different and he Goku one That's it. He's stopped the last punch the one that would have put him down And that was just that was just super saiyan And there's positive Goku making him feel better about losing That's gonna say it might just make him more mad than a mortal defeated him either he gains respect or it makes him more mad I mean see you later. They're just dipping without him Yeah, it's the way they enter like creative mode Yeah, it's more complicated like we said Oh my god, I gotta find out more right My understanding of his kind has grown much deeper. Mm-hmm. Good timing. I think has made it worse or better I'm deeply ashamed of how Calo. I've been busy being honest You've learned an important lesson to reflection is what it means to grow. Yes, I think he's lying to him He seemed more upset than anything. This music is very ominous, too Yeah, here we go even more dangerous and they should be taken care of know this Goku The mystery grows Deeper I was an all-around really good episode though between just the mystery of everything with Zamasu and Goku black and the Interaction between shrunks and oh my god I can't believe I didn't realize that in the moment like I said It's it's a completely different person and he recognized that immediately and can't hold it against her because he couldn't with Goku So why would he with her but I like how it didn't reveal its entire hand this episode of what's going on and all the Complexities of this mystery because I like being like kind of like guessing and keeping keeping me on my toes It keeps things interesting and at this point I still have absolutely no idea what's going on And I like that and now we have sort of a puzzle piece set up So I guess they're gonna go back to earth and just go back to the drawing board I don't know what step you take from here to figure things out more Maybe we's is gonna talk to other destroyers other guys I don't know because that has been it from my episode 53 reaction to Dragon Ball Super if you need a channel drop a Sub I'll catch you in the next one. Hey space


Conditioned reinforcement. Let's keep moving on. Primary reinforcers, um, let's see, I'm drawing a complaint blank, even though I've got a slide up here. Isn't that great? Anyway, uh, no, here we go. Unconditioned reinforcers. Basically what we have are, we consider these primary reinforcers. These are the things that you don't need to learn about, okay? What I mean by that is that they work without any prior experience of the organism. And there's a little bit of a caveat to that. So let's look at some of these things here. So we got food right off the bat. Um, we got water. That's another one that's really good sex. And I love my little picture there. I just think it's great. And then warmth, right? So those are really common, um, unconditional reinforcers. They're pretty much the standard. But in order for food to be a reinforcer, I said earlier that these things work without any learning or any experience. It's not completely true. The idea is that, um, for food to be a reinforcer, the organism must be deprived of that food. Okay? This should start making you think about those motivating operations, right? Um, so to a hungry organism, food is a reinforcer. To a thirsty organism, water is a reinforcer. Um, to most organisms, sex is a reinforcer. This one doesn't have to do much with deprivation. Um, it's kind of an interesting reinforcer in that sense. And of course, warmth. Um, just being warm is one of those really primary reinforcing things. Getting all wrapped up in a blanket and that type of stuff. So, um, again, no experience with those whatsoever. It's just, um, just the fact that, um, you are a living organism person and we'll make you, we'll make these reinforcers for you. So what we're going to do is we're going to build on these things. So those conditioned reinforcers are the primary thing that we have. Okay? So we're going to build on those by pairing neutral stimuli. Okay? Um, with those primary reinforcers. So neutral stimuli are things that you don't have any experience with, so to speak. So for example, I know this is rather contrived and a bit odd, but take a look. Okay? This little post-it note thing here could be a natural or a neutral stimulus. In fact, it is to most people. Um, so it doesn't really mean anything. It's not a reinforcer unless we paired this repeatedly with food or repaired this, repaired this with sex or associated this with water and association and pairing and using those interchangeably. So by pairing neutral stimuli with primary reinforcers, you can develop conditioned or secondary reinforcers. Okay? So the neutral stimulus, this becomes a reinforcer as it says up there, um, is paired with an unconditional stimulus. You guys should recognize this. This is classical conditioning, right? So neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditional stimulus. The unconditional stimulus is your primary reinforcer. So your food, your water, your sex, so on and so forth, right? And that will develop a conditioned reinforcer. Pretty straightforward. Some really simple examples of conditioned reinforcers over there on, I don't know if it's going to be on the right or left of the video, but over here, you've got your little clicker, you know, little thing you need to reinforce animals with. The idea is that the click is not a signal for the animal what to do. The click is a signal when the animal has done something correctly, right? The click is a reinforcer. That's all there is to it, right? And we develop that reinforcer by going click, treat, click, treat, click, treat. The idea is that you use that, that sound, that neutral stimulus, and you turn that into a conditioned stimulus, but in reality, that particular conditioned stimulus is a conditioned reinforcer, right? So we turn that conditioned stimulus into a conditioned reinforcer or that neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned reinforcer, and that click sound itself will reinforce an animal's behavior because it basically means food, right? Money's the same thing. Money's like the best generalized reinforcer ever, right? Condition, generalized conditioned reinforcer. Why?   So it's been paired with all those things. It's a special sort of reinforcer, and we'll talk about those here in a minute, why it's a special one. Clickers are another thing, I'm sorry, we just want to clickers. Photos are another thing that are essentially conditioned reinforcers. This one's a bit tricky to think about, so take a moment and think about it, you know, pause me if you want, but the idea is that how can, or the question is how can a photo be a conditioned reinforcer? Well, it's pretty simple. The photo is not the event, right? The photo is just a neutral stimulus. It so happens that you can remember the event so likely. So if you've got a picture of a group of friends at camping or something like that, then the idea is that the unconditioned stimulus, that primary, the primary reinforcer, so to speak, is the experience, is those feelings that you had at the time of the photograph. And you can pair that photograph now with your thoughts, your reactions, and your feelings, right? So that photo can be conditioned reinforcer. So pretty cool stuff. It's been done with other than humans, by the way. So it's a pretty robust effect. The backup reinforcers, new term here, those are the ones that are essentially the primary reinforcers. So the neutral stimulus, when we develop that into a conditioned reinforcer, you pair that with the backup reinforcers, right? But every once in a while, and we use the term backup because every once in a while you still need to kind of back up your conditioned reinforcement with some more of those natural reinforcers, right? So you present the conditioned reinforcement and then later on occasion, present the backup. So once the clicker has turned into a reinforcing thing, you don't have to treat every single time anymore, but you still got to add treats every now and again. So it's click treat. And then you do, you can use clicker for a day or so, something like that, maybe add a treat the next day, that sort of thing. And by the way, you can click or train husbands too. There's a article on it out there. If you just want to go ahead and find that on the internet, it's out there, but click or train my husband. I think that's the title of it, something like that.


Six minutes after either clap kind of Monday night you're very welcome in yes This is the Monday night sessions with yourself Paul McDevitt and Jimmy Stafford with you right through until 10 p.m as always with the very best and local and national Irish music why not If you want to get in touch as always it's 08 6 60 25,000 us for your text and your whatsapp and you can follow us live and we'll be streaming each artist between Now and 10 on Big love to you well forecast tonight will be rather cloudy with light patchy rain in the west spreading across the country overnight Though most of the south east will stay dry minimum temperature is 12 to 15 degrees and tomorrow tuesday Good sunny spells will develop after a rather cloudy start And it will turn cloudy in the afternoon the rain likely to spread northwards and temperatures tomorrow 17 to 21 or 22 degrees Pussy program as I said lined up for you. We have the kezler effect on the way very very shortly We'll also be joined by Avril McNamee the pianist from Balabuffet And Norman Borland will also be popping in for a chat on a few songs. So Hopefully we'll get as much new music and we're looking forward to playing a track from Brent and Quinn's brand new album called That's what I do and if we listen to it over the weekend Definitely without a doubt one of his best yet. So Looking forward to get the track from that but a few last year you might remember that the the local hero competition was run and Amy mehan won it up here for highland radio. It was all the independent radio stations throughout ireland and you mulled me through hot press and one winner was picked the winner was called Shyamalan and he released a single on the 15th of july past And the song was called show me where your heart is and have a listen this this is good. This is highland radio


Oops, I did so you can meditate Things all busted now.  It's all flimsy though. Oh wait. I'll try and go like this. Okay, go Yeah, the boots make it oh This one's way better Right from at the front boom right in the front shot like that Okay, you ready? Yeah, they're like oh Crunched out give me that the waistband thing.  Yeah, I don't know. Okay cares are good. Yeah, like Do some training montage like where does that be running up the stairs all in that gun? You try it yeah, that's good.


President Mohammed Buhari has reiterated the commitment of his administration to ensuring the respect and protection of consumers against market abuses and social injustices. According to the president, the protection of consumer interest is a priority of the present administration. The president is ready to take all necessary measures to protect consumers from hazardous products, loss of injuries from the consumption of substandard goods. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Sit for a minute. When I was a little baby, and I did my first book, Muriel was at MIT Press, right just shortly after that. And she encouraged me.  Muriel was with MIT Press for quite a while. She's been with the Media Lab for quite a while. She's always been two or three steps ahead of me with everything she did. And it's an honor and a pleasure to have Muriel join us today. Thank you, Muriel. I have a couple of, can you hear me? Yes. I have a couple of personal things and characters because of Ted's philosophy. First of all, I'm testing the boundaries to see how truly comfortable one can make oneself here. Secondly, I'd like to ask for some pillows next year. These are not anywhere near as cozy and comfy and raunchy as the one at Kobe. I have a confession, and I hope that everybody in the audience will forgive me. In those early days when we were both very young and terrified, I made the mistake. I remember how I did it, I remember when I did it, and I think I remember where I did it. But I'm damned if I know why I did it. I introduced Nikki to Ricky. So I should probably get off the stage right now, as a matter of fact. Muriel, if you think you were worried, may I please introduce my young colleagues? With a hand up, David Small. We're going to probably do the inverse or the obverse of what our young friend just did. And I'm going to try to go as fast with images as he did with text, with speech. I'm not sure I can handle it, but I'm very well known for showing too many things and talking too little and wandering around off the point. David was a student in the Visible Language Workshop. And he studied cognitive psychology as an undergraduate and got interested in image making at the LW. And resisted computers for a very long time up until, I think, something like three weeks before the deadline for the master's program, at which point he sat down and decided maybe he would see whether computation had any creative capabilities for him. And since then, he's been contributing some of the most brilliant and interesting examples among the many that we're going to show you in the next half hour, I hope. So rather than waste too much of my time, for those of you who don't know, the Visible Language Workshop is going on at least its 20th birthday, which is pretty shocking. And I feel very blessed, as I hope we all do, that instead of getting older, we're getting younger. And certainly the projects and the excitement and the enthusiasm of the environment and the media laboratory just continues to grow, at least for me. So that's a great blessing. Our goal has been for a very long time to try to examine in these so-called emerging technologies what the new form and content of design of communication might be. And to that end, for many years, we've been building sort of prototype and visualization tools that would allow us to do something that seemed relatively intuitive in order to say, what if we did this, then what would happen? But to really visualize the stuff in as tight and iterative a loop as we possibly could. So we're looking for new design principles. We're not at all sure what they are. Once you get into this new information environment, this proverbial information superhighway, and you have dynamic and interactive issues that we really never have dealt with before, one has to examine the conventional design wisdom. My own background is in graphic design, but one has to redefine graphic design. And one needs to be able to see whether, in fact, traditional design knowledge actually maps on to the kinds of things that we need to know and need to be able to do in the next 5, 10, 15 years when the technology enables us to do much, much more than we can today. So last year, we produced one of those dignominious design ideabytes. Yes, he crawled, and we unfortunately responded. But I'm going to show you just four little pieces from that to show you where we were roughly a year ago. And most of these are looking at dynamic and interactive problems that have to do with not being able to anticipate how information is going to come into the graphical environment. And so can you roll the takes? I can't have a pause on this, so I have to talk rather fast. So this is real-time weather data on a very large 6,000 by 2,000 very high resolution screen, which doesn't look it here. However, we're using geographical context, taking real-time news and locating it geographically and allowing it to build up so that you know where the most interesting news is occurring in a hurry. We're also clearly bringing in video and so forth. You could see, can you stop for one second? You can give me black if you would. Maybe not, never mind. OK, this is bad, because you noticed, I think, some of the pile-up of the text. One of the serious problems about not being able to anticipate, as you might in a book, exactly where things are going to be is that you keep these things pile-up. So there's a huge amount of very interesting design problems that say, how do we get away from this pile-up of text? And we'll talk about it a little bit more later. Now if you could start again. What's coming up next are two little examples of interaction with the machine where we're using like sound icons. Visual scanning and audible scanning are two very different things. One's very linear, one is sort of simultaneous. We lost the sound, terrific. This is by gesture where you take a number of intelligent objects and tell them where to go. And because they understand what kind of speed they have, what kind of weight, what kind of terrain, they follow a pathway based on their characteristics. So there's an intelligence, and we're looking very seriously at filtering information. This is layers of information where we're pushing through in the z-space. This is an overall high level way of managing 30 layers of graphical information by importance. So this is pushing back information that was unimportant for the task and bringing forward information. 3D has always interested us, and up until very recently we have not had the capacity. This particular example was done in the traditional way of building models and taking frame by frame and shooting them overnight and taking a lot of computational power and never being able to look in real time. This is an infinite zoom where we're looking into information and finding nodes of information. And it's been a kind of model for us. These past four things sort of sum up some of the ideas that we've been struggling with. And they've had a lot of problems. The advent of very fast real-time graphical machines such as the silicone graphics machine, which you've seen examples of already, allow us to begin to explore the boundaries between two-dimensional design information and three-dimensional design information, where one is valuable and where the other is valuable, how you move seamlessly between the two, and what kind of design problems evolve as a result of this capability. That last infinite zoom was done at great pains. You drew every single frame. Now you're able to do a kind of zoom in a very, very different kind of way. So David. We put up the screen here? Yeah, good. Oh, we still have the line. That's too bad. OK, we've tried to integrate some of the existing very, very new ideas that have evolved over maybe the past six months as a result of our having some incredibly good students as well as some incredibly good machines. We're looking at three ideas here.  And we're being concerned with spatial data, with symbolic data, and how they interact. And we're going to examine a few examples within that. But first, we're going to do a kind of quick, verbal run through, which is maybe like a dynamic overhead projection system. I'm not going to read these. And I think if you just go slow enough so that you can read them, this is just really an example of some of the interesting typographical problems that begin to evolve when you start to use three-dimensional and two-dimensional information simultaneously. You begin to be able to compress type. You begin to be able to zoom into it. And you develop some very interesting questions about what happens to things like type size, you want to say. What happens when you move around the type and it's backwards, and you have to begin to design. And make it intelligent enough so that it doesn't become illegible. How do you retain the integrity of the information? And at the same time, retain the context and the cues that allow you to traverse complex information. So here we go. I mean, this is the thing you should never do, right? Never do something that you've never done before. But if this isn't the place where we can do it, then I guess we have to go somewhere else. So why don't you just sort of zoom around and I'll. So this is, I think, an extremely interesting example of where you can read two levels at one time. You're taking advantage of the spatial relationships. And you should be able to traverse. You're in a sense in an architectural construct, but you don't have the constraints of having to believe of physical building. And so I think there's an enormous, it's a little bit like designing an exhibition, but without the constraints of the physical difficulties. You don't have to build it in the same sense. So you can both use the abstract conceptual issues as well as the physical cues that people are accustomed to. And I think it's just a wide open research field. We can rotate around this information. You can zoom into depth and multiple layers. And what it does for us finally, which, I mean, we're still finding out what it does. And in fact, just making this try to work in the past few days here, we learned an enormous amount. One of the things that you've been seeing a lot of is hyperlinking in some of these multimedia products and research things that people have been working on. They're all limited by sequence and by branching. The capability of this kind of environment releases you from the rigors and the sequential aspects of branching. And I think it offers an incredibly powerful way of going through this vast amount of information that the internet and other kinds of data sources are going to demand of us. Information is absolutely no use if you can't find your way through it. One of the questions that you have to ask yourself is whether who does the driving? Do you, do we, does the machine, where does the agent fit in this, what kind of filtering happens? And somewhere, I think, between some shared responsibility for where you're going in the machine is something that we need to look at very hard and build some graphical intelligence into the system. So are we broke? Should I keep going? And so if you've been reading while I'm talking, there are great students and great people and great groups. And you could, in fact, cruise this on your own. And we had hoped, had things worked out better, that you could have played with this. But I fear it's going to have to get broken down rather quickly after, right after the break. Anyway, there are lots of people to thank. So let's move into some of the, oh, yeah, sorry. Yes. Now I'm lost. Oh, God. There we are. Well, these are some of the issues. And I think I've already sort of talked about them. So why don't we just move into the example.  OK, we have a timer in the upper right hand. But it doesn't do anything like slap my hand when it gets to be 20, 25 minutes. Because here's some of the work in progress. And we sort of broke it down into showing you some symbolic data and some spatial data. Again, there's a kind of compaction of information. Legibility is going to be a really serious consideration. But I think that the fact of being able to move around, change your viewpoints, change views of information gives you such a powerful way of browsing and navigating complex information that there's several PhDs here. So we're going to look at typographic space here, traffic control, and some network multi-views. And then we'll move over to the spatial data. If we have time, those last two projects are special. So interspatial data. So what we wanted to do was have another view of the media laboratory and say media lab meets headzilla. But we couldn't make it happen. So this is a very early example once we got our SGI's, beginning to see what happens to typography in a topographical space. And one of the interesting things that we couldn't show you, unless you could get a donation of about 500 special glasses at 1,000 bucks a piece, is what stereo can do to this and how it allows you to build up very complex information. So we're moving, again, combining some symbolic with some representation of information. And you see what an interesting problem. You know, if you're behind an ambulance, that works. But I'm not sure that this is particularly good. So we want to move over into the East Coast where things really are happening. And into Logan Airport, where maybe Steve and Jay Gould still is sitting, I hope not. And we're going to move, this should be a smoother transition, but it will be next time. And this is a small little graphical essay in three dimensions on air traffic control problems. This is your typical way of looking at it, the previous image. And this is adding 3D and some mixture of two-dimensional graphics, the abstract information, along with the representation. So you're seeing the height, and you're seeing the airplane. Are we through the air traffic controllers? So this is the Green Plains view. Right, so now you can see from many points of view, obviously. There's the air traffic control. These are the corridors through which the airplanes go, and you're tracking them. And of course, ideally, it should go without saying that ultimately these will be connected to changing data, and the graphics will change as the data is being fed. There's a green space principle of safety for pilots that those of you who fly probably know much better than I. And you note that we're charting the heights of these locations. And when they get too close to each other, the green space becomes red space naturally. And so this is a way of evaluating exactly and visualizing where these things are in relation to each other. And we've had a lot of air traffic controllers coming by to see how this fits their mindset. And they're very unique kinds of mental models that these people have developed over the years. And one of the most interesting things, I think, for the future, is how we can, in fact, visualize mental models that are appropriate and cognitive to particular cognitive styles. And yes, of course, we'll be talking to this machine. And yes, we'll be delegating, but it seems to me that the graphical representation of information, because it is, in many cases, so efficient and allows the cognitive and perceptual system to work together is something that we must know an enormous amount about. So that's, where's our time, 19 minutes, so great. So then the next one. Can I talk a little bit about the transparency? Transparency? Oh, yeah, talk about transparency for a second. We've been working with transparency and blur a lot. You saw it in that 30-layer example at the beginning. And we're beginning to build it now into the three-dimensional environment. So, David, why don't you show? So we're beginning to be able to blur out information through transparency, bring forward important information. You can pop it off and on, obviously, through layers, but it will be important to be able to, in real time, clear up information, change your point of view, shift it from one sort of abstract map to a realistic map to, perhaps, a diagrammatic map. And this environment is going to allow us to do that, and I think much, much more. So we're going to... To the shuttle. The shuttle. So this is a visualization by another, one of our students who has been working with NINEX, who is one of our sponsors, to visualize their trial shuttle. It has two hubs. And again, this is the two-dimensional representation of it. And it is, however, a three-dimensional model. And so it's clear that you can see certain forms of things in two dimensions, and three dimensions allows you this incredible facility of metamorphosis and transformation. So each one of these is, when it's working in real time and it's hooked to a network, is live. And every one of these spokes is some form of a connector. So you're able to see, as you can see, a lot of information in a very compact space. So there's a kind of compression that isn't really computer compression so much as this graphical compression. So each one of these represents and will be a kind of real-time video feed. You're able to query each one of these sort of symbols, which is a different kind of space, and find out whether somebody's there or whether they're not or whether the line is busy and do some troubleshooting and so forth. This is a logical view, and you can also, in this case, look at a physical view and transform from this to an example of a building and place people within their offices and then be able to understand very different kinds of things and go back and forth. And of course, this is just one kind of transformation and we're looking forward to doing studies of lots more. So again, we don't have a video board yet, so there isn't, oops, this is a small simulation of having a moving video in context with all these other things. And of course we would have voice and gesture and so forth. But these are the things that adhere to our heart. So I think that's, I think we ran most of it. 22 minutes. So we want to move from here.  These transitional moves are really extremely interesting. This is an example of presenting, trying to use intersecting claims to represent complex information, or in this case, it's mutual fund data. It is not up to date, but again, it would be connected in real time. It shows six funds. And I think seven kinds of features about the funds, including David Liston, because I can't read them, but there's risk and there's return and so forth. If we could show the funds themselves and you get there from here. So this is done by one of our students who had architectural background and who had been before she came to us doing, okay, so here's your portfolio statistics and you can see up there the number of funds that you're comparing. And you can chug through each feature of information about the funds. And then you can chug through funds in the X space and Y space, I always get confused because I'm not sure exactly where we are. But what I think is obvious about this kind of a construct is that you can bring together information and see it contextually in a way, a portfolio is a kind of good model because you wanna see how things are affecting each other. And that's a very difficult thing to do right now. In any environment, people do it a lot in their heads, but we're looking for graphical models that will allow us to amplify that part of the cognitive process. So in addition to just getting numerical feedback and relationships in the X and Y coordinates, we are able then to pull up bar graphs and chug through time over a period of roughly 10 years for each fund. So you're going through, you're checking annual return against risk. This data came from Morningstar. And so the upper bar graphs will go from what, 1983 to 1992. Unfortunately, the lower thing isn't working yet, but you can visualize a one year, three year, five year, and 10 year that's coupled to the annual return. And those are the kinds of things that you begin to wanna be able to see, not just for one fund, but multiple ones. And it's an extraordinarily interesting challenge. This is 1990, which those of you who have any money in the stock market will understand, oh well, it's just something I've recently learned about. And this is the beginnings of a mapping surface of the time, the temporal history. So we've got 26 minutes in, we probably shouldn't show the other two, right? We weren't able to get them integrated into this for technical reasons, but they're interesting. So the other two have to do with the internet. So be patient while they come up, okay? They're not as seamless and as interesting, I think, but it takes a couple of minutes. I'm trying to think what I should say while I'm waiting. While we're waiting. Okay, that was fast, good for you. Okay, can we have the lights down again, or? Thank you. Okay, this is a beginning idea. And I think it's fascinating and interesting enough to show, even though it really isn't working very well right now. So this has gone out, it will go slow for a second. This has gone out to the, in this case, clarinet, but it could go anywhere, you know, it could go to the internet, it could go to middle gate, wherever. And it's gathered through key words. And key words are really dumb. And there's a lot of very interesting work that we have been collaborating, not collaborating with, but taking advantage of in the rest of the Media Lab, one of which is the agent work of Patty Mas and another is the work done by Professor Ken Haas in relational parsing. And so we expect to have much more sophisticated ways of searching these massive amounts of information. And once you're searching it, you really need some incredibly interesting and coherent way of presenting this stuff. It's not enough just to find it because you just can't make your way through it. And I think Nicholas's statistic yesterday about the proliferation of the use of mosaic indicates how many people really need something to allow themselves to traverse and browse this stuff. Well, this is bringing forward sort of main categories. It's searched, I don't know how much data, not a hell of a lot, but what you can do now is chug through this grid of categories and if you move from government to broadcast, I don't know whether you can... Sure. Yeah. These little radiating red lines tell you how many connections there are to articles based on the key words and the direction in which they're going. So there's a set of algorithms that are working that are going to be able to wait things for you and give you some graphical significance as to what it is or at least the amounts in this case of information. Can you show a couple? Can you go through a couple of others? Should I go in? You mean? I'm afraid to go in. I'm afraid to go in. It's gonna break, yes. Anyway, but you see what the idea is. The idea is to then go into subcategories and from the categories which are clustering as it browses the database, then you move into the actual articles and their headlines and then from the headlines you can move into the article itself. Well, you can see all the problems that have to be solved but it's pretty damn interesting. The girl will be very happy when I tell her. Anyway, there you go. But these are the things that we need to research but I think it's terribly exciting. He's also using a centrifugal and centripetal force to bring things close to the center. So let's give you a final thing by Yin-Yin Wang. That visualizes the news from different points of view. And so what we need to think of is this massive information of the internet and there's a nice little, I think, metaphor. Maybe it's not a metaphor. But the difference between going into a bookstore and browsing and the fact of reading are two very different but very, very critical ways of gathering information. So this comes closer to trying, okay, so the colors are here are very subtle and they're not translating very well but picture below the internet and some version of what you saw previously to this. And then coming on a plane which in this case is foresighted and it's only one. Can you identify each side and pulling out by category things that you're information. So this is headlines and then sources and length of article and the agents ordering of the articles. So this is assuming filtering and a lot of personal knowledge about what you're interested in. What's absolutely intriguing to me is that you don't lose your context and I want to point out these little cues that don't read very well right now but they will, there's a lot of problems with typography in the SGI. Can you shut, where did they go? Yeah, there they are. So you see the category of entertainment right there and these anchors I think help you to move between three and two dimensions. So we go quickly to two dimensions and say goodbye. So you go to the top and now you can read.


And we are back once again on Yankees Hot Stove and yes we do read your tweets when everybody says well It's not the hot stove. It's the cold stove We get it. We know that's happening. We've talked a lot about that on the show It's been that way for a lot of the big free agents including DJ LeMayhew and now Jack We're hearing that maybe the Dodgers have heated things up a little bit Justin Turner's a free agent with them as well He's a fan favorite, but you think LeMayhew LeMayhew could quickly grow into that right when you look at the DJ LeMayhew situation from a Yankee perspective if you're a Yankee fan This is the song you're playing from Tom Petty The waiting is the hardest part and that's where the Yankees are right now the Yankees have made him their priority They have told him what the parameters would be for them bringing him back But the Yankees are not going to bid against themselves. You're right Bob There was a report by John Morosie about the Dodgers having interest in DJ LeMayhew The Yankees know that DJ LeMayhew was a quality player and other teams will have interest in him But there's also a level that they will go to to try and bring him back and in speaking to someone from the organization Recently they said they're in the wait and see mode Thus the Tom Petty reference. Yeah, it's not just the Yankees are in the wait and see mode It seems like all the major league baseball are waiting for the big boys to sign contracts bow or springer LeMayhew you get a feeling that once they make their minds up or probably more importantly Once the organizations make their minds up on what their offers are going to be I mean, there's word coming out now that we're gonna have a regular spring training. Maybe a full regular season There's still so much doubt around our game that I can't blame the organizations for holding back a little bit Biding their time and trying to figure out what the right contract is to offer to these players


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