Do time and So if you're here, you know that you're on the block of lightning sessions We're definitely in a treat to listen to lightning talks of all the award winners So thank you for being here and I see some of the award winners faces around You know that you have 10 minutes for your presentations So the presentations are scheduled for eight minutes and two minutes for questions And I'll be helping you to do that and our first presenter.  So welcome So thank all of you here after lunch and me being one of the first to speak And I hope we'll have a very good afternoon. I'm very interested also in the the other award winners to see their presentations So as a short introduction, this is me five years ago teaching at Erasmus University as a statistics teacher Actually, this is me outside and I really liked teaching This is us trying to learn about statistics to see if people can taste the difference between Normal Coke and diet Coke and sort of how many glasses would you need to take to actually sort of get some good evidence on? Can people do this and I really liked it at least the students said they also liked it But I also really struggled to be honest because there was a large difference in prior knowledge And there was not enough time to actually do all these sort of fun activities Well, you also had to explain people what a mean or a median was So I started looking for online resources that I could use and some that I found were perfect And I could just use them send the link but for the exercises I had more trouble because sometimes I did find exercises somewhere, but they were very hard to integrate in my lessons I struggled with that and I'm showing this slide for a reason that will come clear later on but I really like this idea of blended learning where you you have online activities offline activities and Here's a picture and after lunch I thought I do a short quiz who knows who this is Newton yeah, perfect. What's a quote from Newton that may be a fit in in this presentation? Okay, perfect. So exactly So the idea is you can build on the work of others which of course in science in open education is the idea And so I five years ago. I thought okay. Why cannot we why can't we combine this right? That we we actually can build on their shoulders of giants and then we that I can just I don't have to invent all these new exercises and that became one of the sort of the core motivations to to start graspable and Maybe what is the name? It's a merger of two words to grapple to struggle with something and to grasp to understand so hopefully we can bring people from one to the other and What is graspable? It is a collaborative authoring and practice platform for open open exercises mainly focused on math and statistics So very short what we do is we help people edit and create materials Create a course of learning Exercises but also maybe some instructional material Where students can practice and then teachers can see the the insights on what people are still struggling with Our students using this. This is an example from the very university type where about 400 students completed almost 200,000 exercises so answers in six weeks. So they use it a lot and are they happy with it? yes, and This is just some overall figures that you may have already seen in this morning if you were there 12 million answers by about 30,000 students and the exciting thing is that today We released about or we're about to release because we're now in the progress of releasing it 2400 exercises some created by us some created by the universities that we work with and that's the part that I want to focus on in this lightning talk Because we we now released or we're we're still releasing this in in batches in the coming weeks But the idea is we really want to engage the community as much as we can so the idea is if you find maybe if you browse through it Because you you can just access it if you browse through it and you see something where you think I would just really just do That differently you can just click on make a suggestion. You don't need to be logged in And this is just a very easy way to send us an email so that we know we can improve things or at least we can let the other people who Created the materials know that we can maybe improve things. I just wanted to point that out and this is Sort of it visualizes the network and two institutions that I want to focus on Because they made really this switch Two open exercises where they did not do that before and where I think blended learning Is is sort of made made possible that step And the first is the technical University of Delft. Is there somebody in the room from Delft? I don't know but What is a very interesting thing is they really took an approach Blended learning approach where they said okay students really have to prepare during the lecture participate and in the end practice So that means how should they practice normally they practice from a book maybe But they really wanted more interactive practice with more feedback so that students would just learn more from the practice And then the question was okay, but how shall we do that? We need a homework system online homework system? what kind of a system and Finally they decided to work with us with grass ball used an integration and LTI integration into their LMS So students don't really know they're working with us and that's fine, but they can use all the capabilities like a Computer-algebra system that we offer so that if the answer would be 2x, but you answer x plus x that it's automatically correct And the reason what I think is interesting is is because they made that switch the question was now Okay, what do we want to do with those materials because they said we will create all of these materials Ourselves we will ask all of our teachers who has old exercises in their drawers and we'll start Trying to get them online and that is where we helped them with And then the question was okay, and what should the license be of this and then the t-dolph said okay We have this new vision all the materials By default should be creative commons license So that was a great thing where we could now say okay, and then we will we will help you We will host this so that actually other people can also reuse it So a first set a selection of what they have created is already online But more will be coming in the coming weeks and in the coming years probably The other one that I wanted to show is Utrecht University Here's Kirsten She wanted to really create or sort of redo her her education Use more things in class And I'm clicking through it a little bit faster But what they what they did is he created a lot of materials But they also use materials that we created then said okay We'll do them a little bit differently so they made changes And then we looked at those chains and we thought okay These are actually better than what we created so we sort of merged them back into our collection And then a new university came and said hey, we'll actually use those And they they also looked at what Utrecht created Use those new creations actually made new changes on top of that and shared that back again So this is I think where you really see this this community working of Creating exercises sharing them having other people improve it sharing it back and where you can just use it and Now always when I think we are a social enterprise as graspel So I just wanted to tell you a little bit on how we work because the idea is all the resources are Openly available online. They are creative commons licensed so you can just use them reuse them remix them We will make sure that people can actually edit them if if you edit open materials, then that is also for free If you really want to use those materials with our software as for example an LTI integration in your sort of existing Software offering or within your LMS then we say okay apparently then you find it valuable And that is what we charge for so that we can keep the rest open Now this is basically my last slide and I have about 10 seconds So I will keep this very short and just take one thing out of it And that is what I think is interesting about blended learning is that if universities make that switch And if you have a system that is then very easy to use Then we only have to convince people to say okay Would you be willing to share at least part of those exercises online so that other people can find it? And what we found is what is sort of that is the interesting moment where you can take people who are maybe not? Oh, we are advocates at the beginning, but maybe can become one in the process and If you want to know more about this term, I'll tell you later on Thank you very much, and I hope you'll have a great afternoon. So thank you Marcella Bonas eratuti. Buenas tardes a todos. Good afternoon everybody First of all, I would like to thank the open education consortium for granting us with this award We are very very happy and very proud to to get this recognition that encourages us to to keep working in the field of open education In Spanish we normally say that Lo bueno si breve dos veces bueno the good if brief is twice as good So as I only have eight minutes for my presentation, I don't want to waste any single second And I'm going to start talking to you about our different projects Open cusware University of Cantabria has been creating open cusware since 2008 Spending and improving our list of resources every year We have a wide variety of disciplines that we gather in six different categories that are pure science Humanities health science engineering social science and cross subjects more or less all our courses have more or less the same structure a main page with an Image and then we have syllabus class materials practices exercises text exams and information about the professor Although our courses are mainly publishing in Spanish of course We have also some courses like like this in in English We started with only 10 courses with more enthusiasm than quality I have to admit but during these 11 years we have expanded and improved our list of resources Our repository currently offers 238 courses We are proud that almost all the departments of the university have worked with us more than for 400 professors have published their courses with with us Our offer also includes two full degrees Nursing and mining I have to say that it's not easy to fulfill the task to complete a full a full degree Because when you work with individual professors normally they apply to participate by When you want you want to create a full degree Sometimes you have to force the professors to participate and it's not easy to fulfill this this task Nowadays open cusware university of canterra is one of the most visited open cusware repositories We have a model based platform And currently we have months with more than 400,000 Users in a single month. So I think it's very very good results. We're very happy This visits come especially from Spain and Latin America due to the publication mainly in Spanish And it's a great satisfaction for us to have so many people coming from Mexico from Peru Argentina or Colombia and also from the United States in the in the late years Another area of open education that we are working in we are working in is MOOC We have an agreement with the Spanish platform For myriada x that is the biggest MOOC platform in in Spanish and this platform gathers around 90 institutions Since 2013 we have created 21 courses with 80 different editions and more than 500,000 students enrolled in our in our different MOOCs And in some cases we have had completion rates bigger than 50% in some cases and we are very very happy with these results Our latest MOOC is also the most special one because we have created this MOOC in collaboration with four European universities and we have created a blended learning experience Consisting Firstly in a MOOC experience where all the students are invited to participate and then face-to-face activities in each of the four universities As you know, usually the contents in MOOC are free and accessible but not reusable So they are not really open in many cases. This is not the case of the University of Canterra because by default We use open licenses and we make it visible for the users. So it's not it's not only important to to use Open licenses, but also to make it visible for the users because if not they don't know what the kind of work they can't do Open Couchware and MOOC are our biggest project, but in this speech I would Like to talk also about a new project that we launched in 2018 that is our repository of teaching resources This is a carefully selected and organized collection of external resources that serves to enhance teacher's knowledge on open education Methodologies and improve their ability to create high quality teaching materials and activities This repository is constantly updated to include the latest developments in each of the six categories Application and services the section contains application websites tools and services that may be useful for Teachers such as assessment tools photo editors automatic translator task managers mind maps, etc Online courses among the thousands of free and open online courses available in the web This is a curated selection of courses that may be of general interest to teachers Focusing particularly on topics such as office automation languages or pedagogy Educational conferences and events education and innovation is a key issue at universities And in this third category we focus on important educational conferences and events Particularly those concerning educational innovation and this is a category that we have to maintain continuously updated Open educational resources as you know, it's not always easy to find websites with open educational resources So in this fourth category we provide a large number of websites That have been published or promote the use of materials with open licenses such as the open education consortium An academy or internet archive Training in online teaching in order to provide effective and high and high quality online teaching is essential to be aware Of the tools and resources that differentiate this this type of education from face to face learning Therefore this section contains courses and video tutorials about online teaching Repositories this final section provides links to other websites where you can find open resources presented in an organized and easy navigable manner such as photographs music video data, etc Each category In our repository is divided into subgroups, which can be filtered using keywords facilitating searches And once you have you have found the resource you need you have an image you have a short description and a link to the original resource And finally to complete our offering open education we publish a newsletter with the latest news About education innovation open resources event, etc. And we send it quarterly to all our professors So to sum up Our motto is that open resources are not just necessary, but they must be also known and used So thank you very much for your attention Thank you Sergio Any questions for Sergio? No questions for Sergio So we continue with Bill Our next presenter Enhancing OER discovery with OASIS. They are the award winners for curation OER curation Hello, everyone. Thank you so much for the opportunity to speak before you. It's a honor and a privilege to be here My name is bill jones. I'm the digital resources and systems librarian at the state university of new york at jeniceo mill library That's just in the united states Um, just so you have an idea of where oasis was born and where I come from That's a picture of the state university of new york at jeniceo We're at that red dot there. That's in the finger lakes area of new york state So it's about a six hour train ride from the from the New york city that you might be familiar with jeniceo was funded in 1871 Has fiercely loyal alumni as you can see at the bottom of that description I am one of the alumni of city jeniceo. We have 5500 students and about 380 faculty Here's a screenshot of the home page of oasis Just so you have an idea of what we're talking about here Um, it has a selection of 98 different sources. Um, and you can see those at that link Um, but you can see them after the presentation because I want you to focus up here It's what the link is right there on the slides and these would be posted to sked at the end of this presentation Um, just so you have an idea of how this resource was built. It was built from the ground up I am not a trained programmer. I'm a librarian and also an educator So the framework for this site was through php my sequel bootstrap for j query html css and some java script Oasis is hosted at soony jeniceo on our servers and a virtual machine And then the resources are pulled using python scripts Google analytics is used to gather the usage statistics so we can have an idea of how many users are using this resource and where they're coming from And development of this began in april 2018 and the site launched on september 5th 2018 So just a couple months of development and we went live On september 5th 2018 with 52 sources and 155,000 resources Um, so these are the tools that you're that were used to build it And you might be wondering why there's a picture of the sistine chapel there Just a couple days ago I had the privilege of taking a tour with with my wife and we were led by a nun To go and see the sistine chapel and I got to quickly snap a picture Which you're totally not allowed to do, but I was able to get that It's mainly because I guess it creates heat and it could just Create an issue with the painting. I asked I asked sister emmanuela How did he get all the way up there? Like because it's so high up and she's like, well, he used scaffolding. He's like, oh, it's so obvious, right? And it might be obvious to you too how it was built, but I just wanted to lay that out for you So uh ultra edit text wrangler and brackets were used as text editors to write the code File zilla was used to upload the images and other items to the server apple terminal to do ssh in my sequel Adobe photoshop to edit the images flat icon and font awesome were used for icons and github was used as the code repository To to host the code not hosted but save it and see the iterations as we went forward Um, and we also get by with some help with our friends. So stack overflow Was a very great resource for this because I'm not a trained programmer So I had to ask a lot of questions about how to do these different things same with various forums and guides and strategic google searches And prayer because I needed a lot of help with this resource Oasis features um, it's single search multiple word or quoted free searching Which you might think big deal google can do quoted free searching, right? But that's really difficult to build when you don't know what you're doing And I found a special regular expression for that And advanced search by title author subject source and link You can begin your search just by format type. You can see here. There's those four icons. Those are different material types that are on oasis You can filter by type subject source and license You can refer a resource to a colleague via email right from each of the individual items There's a sticky search bar on the top of every every site a page Easy website issue reporting at the bottom. There's a way to report issues You can suggest the source. So if you find a source, it's not on oasis You can go ahead and recommend that and we'll get that included And it has a crisp clean interface So here's an example search for geometry You can see that there's three different items here But a total of 148 different resources with a listing of the title author source type and license for that That little mail icon so you can mail it to your friends and that little phone There is just a prompt you to contact your librarian if you need any help with the oer resources This is an award-winning search tool as you know because I'm standing up here and We were awarded the oer curation award from the oer consortium. Thank you very much And also the acrl award, which is a part of the american library association Association of college and research libraries college library section innovation and college library and ship award That was awarded to ben rollins and I at the ala conference in washington dc this year in june Just so you have an idea of who's using this so far since the launch of september 5th 2018 and these stats were pulled on november 17th 2019. We'd have 44 000 users With over 57 000 sessions and 214 000 page views with about 100 users a day You almost have every country that has at least visited this site Mainly it's being used in the u.s. But we've had 143 different countries using oasis And some of the updates since the release we now have a detailed item view for some of the items You can search within the result. So if you have a result set you can search within that result set to Even funnel down your results further You can share the link to the results so you can share your entire result set with a colleague You can do a voice search instead of typing your search in We've updated the homepage. We've added 47 new sources with 213 000 new records And there's now a list of all the institutions that have embedded oasis on their library lib guides or institution website So here's an example of the detailed item view. That's available if the detail is available as part of the item So if it's not available, we're not manually writing those in it's just part of the automatic scrape That's the search within results button. So you can do your initial search rate in the gray box And then funnel that down by searching even further into that And here if you click that button there, you can share that link and it'll bring it right to the the search results that you saw There's the voice search for and it only works for google chrome because it uses google translate in order to To do that Here's the update on the left. That's what the home site used to look like and we've changed it to this glossier version Um, here's an idea of how many institutions are using it So 493 institutions have embedded oasis into their website and there's a full listing at that blue link down at the bottom You can see exactly where on their sites that they listed this Um, I don't think that I have time to go through all of these enhancements But we would like to de-dupe some of the results list enhance the advanced search Um, and then allow it indicate for you, um, you know What is being used in the classroom just so people have an idea of what resources are most useful to instructors If you want you can go ahead and embed this on your library website right away. It's free If you go to that link the source code for the widget is right there And you can just pop it in your lib guide or your your institution site And just thank you so much for for your time and attention. I really appreciate it Thank you. Thank you bill Um, any questions for bill oasis one question here Hi, so thanks for your presentation. It's uh, looks very impressive the platform 52 different repositories 98 98, sorry. Yeah, well even more impressive than um, thank you What I'm wondering is uh, how do you go about all the different meta data formats that are used in all these different platforms because you want to Uh, you want to show users something coherent But all these different platforms have all types of different metadata standards, right? So how do you go about that? Um, so the original schema that we used was um, based on double and core metadata standards And then we just simplified that down to about 15 different fields And then each of these scrapers is unique to each source So it will scrape those particular fields and then insert that information into the table where it's applicable to that field So that It's quite so the the the a search query doesn't how much time does it take to perform a search query That sounds like this this should take minutes or Um, so if you're doing a search on uh on your own and you're doing it with this original data set with 368,000 records, it should take about one to two seconds to search through it Um, I loaded it with about a million resources just to do a test like is it gonna break, right? Um, and it took about four seconds So I need to get a little smarter about you know, how to optimize searching But um currently it takes about one to two seconds and that guys I really want to speak to you afterwards Thank you. Thank you bill. Thank you marsala. Yeah, and of course, uh, the purpose of having these lightning talks today Is to give to know that we still have another day tomorrow and you can of course Reach out to any of the winners later today or or tomorrow Thank you And and we continue with our speedy day Oh and one thing that I forgot to tell our winners, uh, we would like to take a picture of all of you together So if at the end you would be able to join us, we would love that And uh, well james Uploads his presentation. Okay. So our next presenter. It's a open course James glappa drosskling. Hi everybody Uh, shout out to oasis. Really? Where did bill go? Really, it's it's definitely one of the go-tos for my team. So yeah, really we definitely use it Uh, anyways, I'm going to be a lot less technical I'm not going to talk about search results in two seconds or four seconds and I I don't have any slides So I'm going to talk to you about maybe five minutes or so. Um, I want to speak about a, uh, course that We were offering in my context to help Uh, to help practitioners academics program managers learning designers better understand how open educational resources helps Us in education to achieve the why the bigger why so my context is california community colleges We are open access open enrollment institutions. We probably accept the top 100 of our applicants In california, we have about one hunt while we have exactly 114 community colleges serving Over two million students every year And during the past few years we've seen a big shift or change from Adopting and implementing open educational resources in individual courses To creating entire degree pathways so that students can start and finish their Education without ever touching commercial products In the united states we refer to this idea or this concept as z degrees in canada I don't think rajeev left in canada. They refer to it as z cred and rajeev's institution kpu Does that up in canada terry's out there? So hopefully it's going to spread across canada as well in the california community colleges We refer to these as z tc's or zero textbook cost degrees So a lot of different acronyms a lot of different Terminology out there But again the concept is that from the start to the finish students can complete their entire pathway their entire program Without ever touching commercial product. So This course that i'm going to talk about and i trust i'm going to look at marcel I trust the link is The links to the courses are with the announcement on the website so you can find them and download them there in canada's comments The course that we created Was designed again to help academics understand better understand how Open educational resources and z degrees or zero textbook cost now rajeev's back I just gave a shout out to kpu while you're out of the room So also z creds in canada So to better understand how these ideas that we care so deeply about can help Institutions to better achieve the bigger picture the bigger why in the context of the united states the bigger why Is reducing equity gaps or reducing achievement gap gaps this really Terrible situation our students face in the united states whereby The way in which you are born the economic class in which you are born the color of the skin Your gender really determines the likelihood of you completing an education So there's a big movement in the united states We're trying to trying to change that so that the color of your skin and your gender does not Pre-determine your ability to succeed in education So how how can we use oer to change this equity gap? To reduce reduce those gaps that we see in achievement. So the course was designed To be offered to academics learning designers program managers It was designed by my good friend and colleague aloha sergeant with cabrio college I had a a kernel of an idea that she actually implemented The course Is an open course cc by license. It's on canvass commons. You can download it implement it It's a completely online course that has that consists of four modules to be completed in four weeks There's a self-paced version. There's a facilitated version And the four modules consist of the following during the first module devoted to equity We look at that big question of equity gaps. Why do the equity gaps exist? What does all the research tell us about again the color of your skin the gender the economic class What kind of an impact does that have on your chances to succeed? And how can we change our lens change our perspective in higher education from blaming the students for what they don't understand To retooling and reshaping our institutions so that our institutions can Approach students from where they are and help lead students to where they need to get need to go The second module then Looks into oer and it's not a how to do oer module But rather it's the it's research on the efficacy of open educational resources Demonstrating and really integrating A lot of the research that many of us here know and I think we'll have to update this based on So much of the good research that's being presented at this conference The research that increasingly and convincingly demonstrates that when oer is implemented The success of all students goes up particularly the success for students of color go up minoritized students students from lower socioeconomic classes goes up And so on and so forth. So we see a lot of that research out there So we dive into that research in the second module on the efficacy of oer The third module is devoted to a concept that That is a part of an educational reform movement in the united states called pathways or guided pathways which aims to smooth out many of the Overwhelming choices that students face in u.s. Higher education in in the past couple of decades We've done a really good job of opening the door and bringing more students into Community colleges and the open enrollment institutions But we still are not doing a very good job of getting students out successfully We tend to provide students with too many choices too many options The students who are least prepared to succeed and make choices are presented with the most choices Which courses do you want to take out of a menu of 10,000 psychology courses or 10,000 history courses? In order to get out of here in a timely fashion The pathways movement is designed to smooth out some of those choices in some cases eliminate some of those choices So that there's a faster way in and out the final module looks at The concept of z degrees z cred zero tex pocos degrees Demonstrating that if you want to Reduce equity gaps by implementing oer and do it in a cohesive orderly fashion The only logical conclusion is to move your entire institution Towards building degree pathways around oer so again students can complete their entire education without ever touching commercial product again the course is Fully online for four modules designed to be completed in four weeks There's both a facilitated version and a self-paced version openly licensed in canvas commons if you utilize canvas you can search for ZTC equity or ZTC pathways again Marcella has the link on the announcement of the award if you're interested in a facilitated version I'd love to talk to you aloha and I would be very happy to chat with you or your institution about a facilitated version But again the self-paced version is out there. Thanks very much Any questions for james No questions for james. Okay. We invite dav dylan. Please go ahead dav It's our open textbook award winner for this year greetings Good afternoon. I'm dav dylan. I'm a counselor and professor at grossmont college in san diego california Not far from james's school And i'm truly honored and humbled To win an award. I'd like to share a little bit with you about About the project. So I I originally intended to curate three college success OERs one for a study skills and time management class one for a career decision making class the third for an all-encompassing more of a first-year experience Class for students and the first thing I want to share with you is that This was certainly not a solo project There was collaboration every step of the way and I really think that's what open education is all about So if you see some form of this picture throughout the slides, that's that's where collaboration took place Special thanks to four mentors. I sought out to Find people that knew more than I did when I started. There were a lot of things that I didn't know Some things I didn't know that I didn't know and so I was very fortunate to find four people who were willing to volunteer their time To nurture me to answer my questions To help me when I got stuck to or hear a global James who just spoke and una who is here at the conference. I'm indebted and have great gratitude for them So the platform you're all familiar with press books the publisher rebus I received support from my colleagues administrators faculty the open community my mentors reviewers volunteers The support was really endless and my family supported me As well, and then there was a little bit of funding. This originally was a sabbatical project So I was being paid my salary for one semester to try to put this together It ended up taking close to three semesters So some of that ended up being being unpaid. There was also james spoke about the zero textbook cost grant in california There was a little bit of that money that got pushed towards copy editing The rest was a labor of love as they say So these are the original authors my work ended up being a remix because I was able to find high quality previously pre-reviewed college success oer that was already out there and so it was Nice to have a buffet style. I like this. I'm going to use this Maybe I'm going to take some of this and and some of that and put it all together I do want to point out specifically that I I was looking for Women authors and so three of the five original authors Authors are women I was also looking for persons of color and and being able to use their voices and the Foundations of academic success words of wisdom text The thomas priest are edited and is from the same system as bill is from The state university of new york It's a collection of essays from a wide variety of of people Many of those are people of color. Many of those are women It it has student essays administrative essays faculty essays classified essays And it's a really wonderful Collection that that really resonates with students because they're sharing their experience wherever they were at the time And students really really Grasp that I think it comes across the page as more of a casual conversation rather than A textbook that's talking at a student This I hope you are not too young to to not be able to recognize Um This is my best example to share with someone outside of open as to what I was trying to do This is a a remix. So when I started talking about remixes in the creative commons world those that weren't Educated about the licenses had no idea what I was talking about when I used this analogy It was like they got it. Um, so I say I was remixing a textbook the same way that you might remix Something that you were going to give to somebody else except the way that I'm doing this is legal And this is how I felt like the project was going at many moments Specifically because I had never done it before I didn't know if it was going to be successful And and while there are great benefits with remixes, there are also some some heavy challenges specifically Consistency Consistency with voice when you have multiple authors Consistency with attribution when different people are putting together attributions in different ways And consistency with style So, uh, I was afraid that I might end up with this frankenstein invention. I'm very pleased that it ended up Being fairly smooth I will also share to what I would call victories for the open community regarding relicensing There were two works that I wanted to use that were originally cc by share like and non-commercial I Did something as simple as send an email and and said hey look i'm trying to put this together I would really like a universal cc by license. I would like to use your work It would be complicated for downstream users if I have different licenses with my work Would you be willing to consider relicensing your work? I laid out some more of the benefits Much to my surprise and happiness immediately Both of those those authors got back to me and said yes, we will relicense our work. So Very pleased about that Indedited to my mentors as well as the reviewers. This was a very scary process for me because It was a blind review and I wasn't sure I think if if you're used to seeing the comments that some people Put into General blogs or things that are out in the internet it's it's cause for concern However, this was an extremely positive process and Absolutely Raised the level of quality of the work with the feedback that I'd gotten from the reviewers I'm I'm humbly sharing that The the main text is now being used in about 25 colleges and universities mostly in the united states 15 californian community colleges have adopted And now that there is a an adoption in canada. I can say that there's international adoption And and hopefully that will continue to grow. It's also in a few high schools The most common question that I get now is hey, I'm really interested in adopting this Do you have any ancillaries which when I was putting the work together originally I was Not that was not on my radar We soon figured out if if we do have ancillaries that will make the adoption process easier. So There were some instructors that were early adopters and and I got together and we started to put together these ancillaries So now we have power points. Those are completed test bank is completed We're working on a potential conference for instructors that are using the text There's a post publication cultural competency chapter that's been added Again collaboration with suni. We're working on an audio version Students recorded their voices reading a chapter And and we're really excited about that because I think students are going to really like the peer Voices and then marcella you're on my list for me to reach out to ask We'd like to start to put together a spanish version if if any of you would like to collaborate or have Leads for me to try to put that together. I would love to hear There are two adaptations that are that I'm excited about because I think other folks may May help make make it better and then they could reshare that and I could take their work We we're all helping Really quickly. I want to share two stats that just jump off the chart Thank you because I I I thought our institutional research made a mistake the the The number of a is the percentage of a is in the decrease in withdrawals It's a very small sample. This was with my first four sections In using oer in comparison to the last 10 years of non oer And so I think it's a bit of a no-brainer to say Now that you all have the text Why wouldn't you do better? And and I don't think that while though it may be higher in in my case. It's it's certainly not alone. We're seeing that We're seeing those statistics everywhere. This is what the front cover looks like And thank you for being a wonderful audience Thank you, Dave. Uh, any questions for Dave? What is the student feedback regarding your um book? So of course they love it, right? They do love it. Thank you um the students that are Courageous enough to be able to comment on Financial hardship will privately come to me and say Thank you. You have made such a difference because I wouldn't have been able to afford the text otherwise um other students will say I'm going to give this to my brother or sister because I found it so valuable Never before did they say that with a commercial textbook And and I wouldn't say it's solely because it's commercial It has a little bit to do with access. I think it has a lot to do with the quality Thanks for your question Thank you, Dave And we continue With the rest of our presentations Now with open mook with um sarah richard and adeline basso welcome Hello everyone. I'm sarah and this is adeline We are from the association piez duke, which is a contraction of phd and mook We come from france and first of all, we would like to thank the open education Some for giving us the open education awards that allows us to present our project the mook phd and carrier development So at this the beginning of this project, there was another mook Produced by the the european project echo The goal of this project was to teach people how to produce open education resources Thanks to a social mook the mook step by step Adeline was the coordinator of this mook and I was a participant At that time I was a phd candidates and I wanted to explore what career possibilities I had and also how to be prepared For that and I also realized that I was not the only one with these questions So as a participant of this This mook step by step, I wrote the first draft of Of our project We met aline and I virtually and we co-founded the association phd Two months later. It was the first iteration of the mook phd and carrier development Since then we achieved a three iteration on different platforms Open open source platforms which with a major improvement and update between each iteration And we are preparing the fourth iteration Will be in January The mook is made of five units We also organize a live web conference and a challenge each week to promote the The community and to animate the community and the participant can collect badges By succeeding in the evaluation Each Each unit is made of several nuggets that contain a text and video and we also add links to external materials But we mainly focus on collaborative activities Because it's a central part of the mook which is based on social constructivism So we encourage participants to create and share resources And it makes each iteration unique So we benefit from the support of a growing number of partnerships So mainly universities doctoral schools, but also experts and association and we also Won awards from the french ministry of research So one of our main goal is to from the beginning is to develop as much as possible the community Also to help isolated phd candidates So for that we propose some activities First one for example with the thread of discussion on the mook forum And it's the place where the magic happens and where we like to spend a lot of time Another activity participants like is peer-to-peer activity They are making the evaluation very seriously with good and positive feedback in a good mindset and And They know that they are learning and improving from each other We also propose a wall where Participants can post their resources. So it's collaborative a wall And also we invite them to make a collaborative guide like A co-created deliverable deliverable of the mook And all of these resources are still available after the mook So we take advantage of the international community Because the mook is proposed both in english and in french and so participants come from all over the world We benefit also from diversity Because the mook is open to everybody and to phd Phd candidates and phd graduates and we take care to mix as domain To keep as a community active we have we use a social media and especially the linkeding group To stay alive after the mook also and it's working well So today we are proved to present our results After three sessions we have 6400 participants and as you can see all the activities are Very well done by the participants So how we make all these things possible we share the animation between us So the volunteer from the association phdook and the participants. So we created different roles among the participants Especially a nickler role we can be sponsored by e-supporter But also a mook community manager which helps to coordinate E-supporters and their role is to promote the discussion and the interaction between the participants We also have experts Who help us on the web conferences? And they can answer directly the the question of the participants So to recap our strengths are that we achieve three iterations We show that we are we were able to Adapt the content to the participant needs and to collect the feedback of the participants. We use a thread That we open at the end of the mook to collect that feedback and also an exit survey When they can also send us their their feedback and we saw that we see that They are pretty satisfied with the with the content So now what are our next challenges? We would like to keep going with a team of volunteer because we want to Keep our status of non-profit association, which is quite challenging by itself We would like to develop internationally and to keep improving the mook between each iteration So we have three lines of thinking How to make the system more self-managed, how to improve the support of the participant and how to promote interaction between the participants And now we are thinking of a few projects to Address these questions and we are trying to develop them for the next iteration Which we will start on January So we'll be Glad to discuss about them with you all and to collect also your ideas and feedbacks. Thank you Thank you, sarah and adeline Questions for sarah and adeline No questions. Well, they will stay with us the rest of the conference And now we invite terry terry green He's gonna open pedagogy award winner If I can go to the internet right have that here Not going to go slideless like james. What a power move that was Hi everyone, uh, thanks for having me here. My name is terry green I am the digital learning advisor at fleming college, which is a Community college in peterborough, ontario, canada about an hour north east ish Do you want me to smile for that one? Uh, toronto, which is everyone's standard understanding of what's in canada So the open patchbooks there's there's two of them and we call them community quilts of learning And here's the equation of how it works. We take a list of topics for the faculty patchbook we Had a list from the university of michigan these high level practices High leverage practices of teaching like how to run a discussion how to how to manage group work how to form your assessments and said Who wants to pick that one and write your take on how that happens? And then if you collect enough stories from enough people about how they do their teaching You have a quilt you have something that covers not everything but but the bigger it gets the more it covers everything with the goal to say here Um new faculty and and older faculty Here's a book on how to teach college written for you by your peers So we thought that was a pretty cool idea So here's a look at the the first one was the open faculty patchbook those two URLs There's there's two sites for them. Um the open faculty patchbook.org is a wordpress We use basically like a blog. So if a new Patch comes in it's posted there right away. So it just grows from there We're up to 37 or something um The press book Is and it works slick usually when you have an idea of how something works with technology And and you don't actually try it out until you need it. It it totally fails And I thought I know word press books is built on wordpress. It'll be fine It'll work and it totally worked perfectly. So kudos press books. It works just like you said it did Took everything out of the wordpress popped it into press books to form that printable and book like Textbook for teaching for faculty And printed it out for uh, uh, Fleming college hired about 17 new faculty that year It was into the fall. So we had them for them and they thought that's pretty cool But also what we really enjoyed was collecting these stories not just from fleming college, but from anywhere They come from universities. They come from other colleges in ontario in the states I was lucky enough to get a couple of contributions from mohabbali in In kairu In and in europe I'll miss in the global south though. So I'd love to get there And that's the great thing. I'm going to collect these stories forever. So if if anyone's interested Send me a story and that's another thing. Sorry um I thought people would come back with a like here's how I do discussions step one step two step three. No, they was like Telling us stories about who their students are and and the context and and why they've done everything So it was a very personal stories, um with some advice and I just really liked it And and people totally abandoned that list because they had their own great and better ideas for what to write about And then after a while I Realized I have five more minutes be as obvious as possible with you that okay. I'll I'll miss it. Um, thank you um I realized if you're an instructor teaching to 30 students you're instructing your way And the students are learning 30 different ways. So we need to hear their stories so I found um a Open textbook about university success, which sorry who was just up two ago Did you use that one from university regina as well university success? Okay So I just took the list from that and said take it from there and they said no I'll we'll give you our own stories because and it's a great list, but So I got awesome stories just basically how I get my reading done how I did my writing done But then there were great stories about And they came from all over About bullying I didn't realize it still happens in in university and college about coming out about just wonderful stories and I want to It's harder to find these stories because I'm not in the student world. I'm in the the faculty educator world, but The more we get of these will the better and there's only one url because I've never I've got I haven't got to the point to move it to a press book yet I'm not sure if it's they're they seem very different beasts these things So here's where the idea came from and I'm I'm pretty sure This is this might be the most in my opinion legendary open educational resource there is because it took it to the next level It's an open educational resource built With the students co-created with the students and it it it like super charged the open pedagogy in it I saw robin dorosa speaking about it in uh 2016 at the open education conference and I was just like Mind blown and and immediately thought let's do this for for faculty development and that's What brought me to talk about it or use it? Use the patchbook create the patchbook Okay, so when I knew I was coming here for a five minute lightning talk, which I have what three minutes left or something I asked the you know, um, I only asked the faculty ones because those are the only ones I could get hold of Um What convinced you to add to the quilt? So here I'm just gonna pair PowerPoint karaoke here for you I love the idea of peer-to-peer sharing of ideas and different strategies and methods for teaching and resource design I learned so much and find so much inspiration in the different reasons That people choose open and use open if I want to be inspired then I need to embrace sharing my ideas without fear and I think the patchbook was an easy way to To ease your way into open publishing of your thoughts about pedagogy pedagogy because there are other people there with you I had something I thought was worth sharing and considered others might learn from my experience My experience in the classroom was the deciding factor I saw a strange disconnect between our culture and good pedagogy and I wanted to address it and work through my ideas on paper Two minutes, thank you the desire to collaborate with other faculty on the development of an open education resource That this resource would be accessible to a broader community of teaching and learning and would connect me to faculty I would otherwise not have an opportunity to engage with awesome And this was the real reason that people wrote them Most people said this something or something along the lines of my nagging Good natured nagging. They said sometimes was was the reason they actually put something in so that I would leave them alone so This is totally self-serving. I want more give me more. Please. That's my twitter handle and my email Um Just come talk to me if you can't get this or you get an image uh, and I I've been Debating whether to say this but at some point. I think if there's someone out there Who would like to take the reins for one of the for one of these? I'd love to hear it Because maybe a fresh a fresh look would be cool. So if if you're interested in taking over let's talk So, thank you very much. Do you I have more time? Let's just sit silently for a minute. Okay. Okay, thanks Thank you, Terry. Thank you A question for Terry someone We're good. Well, he will be around. Thank you, Terry


Now, getting back to our esteemed speakers, which was the superstar brand that K Balachandar was referring to in the movie, Apurva Raghangal? Any guesses? Besides Rajani Kant of course. Any guesses? This isn't a human superstar per se. This brand that I'm talking about is none other than MediMix, which incidentally turns 50 this year, and it was really interesting because when I was speaking to a lady over there just now, she said, MediMix, I only use MediMix. I've been using it since I was born. I drink all the beers in the world, all of the finest whiskeys from around the world, but I only use MediMix and I found that really interesting. And taking us through this journey is Chairman and Managing Director, Choleil Private Limited, Mr. Pradeep Choleil. He started his career as the head of marketing and finance departments of the company and grew to becoming the Managing Director. He was instrumental in launching the flagship brand MediMix all over India and subsequently in international markets too, and the MediMix Ayurvedic 18 herb soap has now gone on to become the world's most sold Ayurvedic soap. Let that sink in for a minute. Today, he is speaking on the topic, Leveraging Century's Old Legacy to Create an Emotional Connect. Please welcome on stage the CMD of Choleil Private Limited, Mr. Pradeep Choleil. Thank you for the nice introduction. It was a very nice introduction of her name. So now let me start my presentation. It's all about emotional connect with a distracted consumer. How Choleil leveraged India's emotional connect with Ayurveda to build a household brand. Today, MeToo is very, very popular. Everybody is aware of MeToo and the MeToo, they always face an emotional connect. And for men, I'm sure no man will be quite happy when they think about no girl should make PMV too. So it's always a thought men always think back of late whether any girl or woman will be sending a MeToo to me. Emotional connect. The campaign established in this three of those things. One is the Jaws, one is Obama, and another is Bruce Lee. The campaign established an emotional connect with a distracted population. It triggered a visual response, a response that came from the gut and not from the intellect. Each one of us identified with the idea either far or against it. People voiced their opinion in various forums and conversations. People continues to follow this till today. This is a classic example of what every brand is trying to achieve. The emotional connect being negative or positive. The truth. This was the friend cover of Times. Is it the truth? It was can President Trump handle the truth? It was all about the question is all about. If you think about it the first step in the connect was visual response. Visual response is always triggered by a belief which is to believer is the truth. The truth for the believer may or may not be backed by hard facts. It is enough for him to he believes. The true interesting pictures one is of Rajnikanth of Kabali movie and Trump. Here is a funny example of two men go to trigger a visual response. There is no neutral audience for either of them. The audience believe or disbelieve in their vision and statements. Now Rajnikanth is not a true character when he acts in the film. He is but people think whatever he acts in film is a truth. But whereas in Trump's case people don't believe him what he speaks. But he has proven himself that he is what he has proven that he was is changing. Today unemployment rate is reduced, tax is reduced and economical growth is happening in Trump. But nobody believe when Trump speaks. A company's mission statement we believe that we are on the face of the earth to make great products and that's not changing. We believe in the simple not the complex. We are constantly focusing on innovation. Innovating. We believe that we need to own and control the primary technologies behind the products that we make and particularly one in markets where we can make a significant contribution. We believe in saying no to thousands of projects so that we can really focus on the few that are truly important and meaningful to us. We believe in deep collaboration and cross-pollination of our groups which allow us to innovate in a way that others cannot. I wanted to share with you another example this time of a company that has stood by its beliefs for decades in a space that is dynamically evolving and changing. Can you guess which company I am talking about? It's Apple way back in 1980. This mission statement was written. Some of you might have seen their latest keynote address. They have launched a new app called Screen Time. For a company that is in the business of making phones and getting the customer reliant on it, their new app help customers to stay away from it. They have established an emotional with highly distracted consumer by picking out one of the most debated and discussed modern life issues, screen addiction. So how an Apple, an iPhone, which a company wants to people to use more and more of their iPhone, they themselves are talking about how distracted you are when you are using an iPhone continuously. We are not thinking machines that feel, rather we are feeling machines that think. Neuroscientist Antonio Damaschio made a groundbreaking discovery. People with damage to the parts of the brain that controls emotions are normal in all respects except two. They obviously cannot feel in any emotion. A majority of them were unable to make decisions even as simple as what to eat for dinner. They were able to describe the process of decision making but were unable to come to conclusion. He established that the very point of choice and decision making is arguably always based on emotion. This brings us back to the idea that truth is belief and belief triggers a visceral response. A visceral response establish an emotional connect. There is such a truth behind my own family and Ayurvedic history. In the 17th century, A.D. Shri Manikinwajir, my ancestor, turned to a 5,000-year-old fundamental truth as a way of providing relief from ill-health and disease. He initiated our family into the Ayurvedic culture and till today this truth is what we are living by. And my father continued the tradition Dr. V. P. Sivan. He continued the tradition and he innovated Medimix Ayurvedic soap. Today Medimix is the world's largest sold Ayurvedic soap. We not only believe in just making soaps but we also have an Ayurvedic pharmaceutical company. Also we have a traditional Ayurvedic treatment center also in the name of Satayush. In every communication to our potential customer, we focus on this tradition. While incorporating aspects of modern life, this ad focuses on a timeless and truthful family relationship that instantly establishes an emotional connect with the customer. While we have spoken about truth and belief, which is the basis of all emotional response and ultimately decision-making, we are, we also coherent of how important it is to connect today's mindset back by research in our communication. Let's look at customer's belief decade-wise. We classified these under four categories by Choleil. Eighties, all about tradition with an inclination towards natural. Nineties, all about science and research. India exposed to international market through the IT boom. 2005, back to roots movement with worldwide interest in Indian traditions. 2020, current focus in all natural backed by science and research with a continued interest in tradition. Our Choleil products have been clinically proven to deliver on their promises. We have also elaborated on the natural aspect of Ayurveda to create a stronger connect with a move back to a natural lifestyle. Let me end by showing you how we did this with our latest ad. Nothing better than natural, new medimix glycerine, Ayurvedic soap with natural glycerine and Lakshavi oil, medimix glycerine for healthy skin. Nothing better than natural. Thank you. Jai Hind. Thank you so much. Mr. Choleil, may I request you to please remain on stage for one second. And may I please invite Mr. Santosh Koshy of BTVI to please come hand over a memento from our side to Mr. Choleil for that wonderful presentation. Mr. Santosh Koshy.


Hello and welcome to the session. I am Deepika here. Let's discuss the question which says in the given figure an Oil funnel made of tin sheet consists of a 10 centimeter long cylindrical portion attached to a first term of a cone. If the total height is 22 centimeter Diameter of the cylindrical portion is 8 centimeter and diameter of the top of the funnel is 18 centimeter Find the area of the tin sheet required to make the funnel now we know that curved surface area of a cylinder is equal to 2 pi r h Where r is the radius of the base of the cylinder and h is the height of the cylinder again curved surface area of a frustum of a cone is equal to pi l r1 plus r2 Where it is equal to under root of h square plus r1 minus r2 whole square where h is the Vertical height of the frustum h is the Vertical height of the frustum is the slant height of the frustum and r1 and r2 are Radiation of two bases of the frustum So this is a key idea behind our question We will take the help of this key idea to solve the above question. So let's start the solution It is given total height of The oil funnel is 22 centimeter Height of the cylindrical portion is 10 centimeter therefore height of the frustum is equal to 22 centimeter minus 10 centimeter and this is equal to 12 centimeter Now it is given diameter of the cylindrical portion is equal to 8 centimeter therefore radius of cylindrical portion is equal to 4 centimeter a cylindrical portion is attached to a frustum of a cone therefore the radius of the base of the frustum is 4 centimeter The diameter of the top of the funnel is 18 centimeter therefore radius of the top of the funnel is equal to 9 centimeter That is the radii r1 of the base of the frustum is equal to 9 centimeter Now we want to find the area of the tin sheet required to make the funnel for this We have to find the curved surface area of the cylindrical portion plus curved surface area of a frustum of a cone Now for the curved surface area of a frustum of a cone We will first find out the slant height of the frustum So l is equal to the root of h square Plus r1 minus r2 Whole square now the vertical height of the frustum is 12 centimeter So l is equal to under root of 12 square plus 9 minus 4 square and this is equal to under root of 144 plus 5 square and which is 25 and this is equal to under root of 169 and this is equal to 13 centimeter hence the slant height is 13 centimeter now the area of the tin sheet required is equal to curve surface area cylindrical portion curve surface area frustum portion This is equal to 2 pi r2 h. This is a curve surface area of cylindrical portion plus Pi l r1 plus r2 and this is equal to 2 into 22 over 7 into r2 is 4 centimeter and height of this cylindrical portion is 10 centimeter plus pi into l l is 13 centimeter and r1 is our 9 centimeter plus 4 centimeter and this is equal to Let us take 22 upon 7 common. So we are left with 80 plus 13 into 13 that is 169 and this is again equal to 22 upon 7 into 249 centimeter square and this is again equal to 5478 upon 7 centimeter square therefore area of the tin sheet required is equal to 782 and 4 by 7 centimeter square Hence the answer for the above question is 782 and 4 by 7 centimeter square. I hope the solution is clear to you. Bye and take care


This paper proposes a novel method for achieving selective deposition of dielectric materials on metal surfaces using Area Selective Atomic Layer Deposition, ASALD. The authors demonstrate that a self-assembled monolayer, SAM, of dodeconephial, DDT, can be used to protect copper surfaces from subsequent deposition of octazole trimethoxysylene, OTMS, allowing for selective deposition of OTMS on silicon dioxide, SiO2, while leaving the copper untouched. Additionally, the authors show that removal of the DDT SAM prior to atomic layer deposition, ALD, allows for selective deposition of zinc oxide, ZNO, and aluminum oxide, Al2O3, on copper without affecting the copper surface. This technique could potentially open up new possibilities for applications such as microelectronics, optoelectronics, and energy. This article was authored by Tsu-Ling Lu, Maddie Rake, and Stacey F. Bent. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Hello, I'm Mark Gilarducci, Director of the Governor's Office of Emergency Services. And I'm Javier Becerra, the Attorney General for the State of California. California has seen lots of destruction due to massive wildfires recently, and we're coordinating an historic recovery effort across the state, which continues to this day. As California families get back up on their feet, the last thing they need is unfair pricing on emergency supplies or housing. Whether there's a declared state of emergency, it's not only wrong to price gouging, it's illegal. State law prohibits raising prices by more than 10 percent on necessities like food, rent, hotel stays, medical supplies, and building materials. This law applies as long as the state of emergency remains in effect. As our state's Chief Law Enforcement Officer, I'm teaming up with our partners at Cal OES to fight price gouging. Our teams are working with local authorities and looking for potential price gouging violations. We will continue to protect victims of natural disasters from unfair prices throughout this recovery process. And we're calling on you, the public, to help us. Please report any potential price gouging to my website at oag.ca.gov slash report. Or feel free to call us at 1-800-952-5215. For more information on statewide wildfire recovery efforts, please visit us at wildfirerecovery.org. Thank you.


All right, so let's start our attention now to the engines. All right So I want to literally have like a game on object per engine for this that contributes the forces That makes you know, the drone actually fly just to simulate, you know semi-realistic Version of the physics for for these drones, you know, we're just making a really basic version But I want to show you guys how to set this up because it'll give us an opportunity to use interfaces Okay, so let's take a look Okay, so the first thing I want to do is I want to focus on the interface side of things here so C sharp interfaces allows us to basically Determine or just or say that if if a particular class inherits from an interface It has to have whatever has been declared inside of the interface So it basically ensures that you know certain functions and variables always exist which Basically allows us then to use the interface as a way to find objects of the similar type, right? So let's actually walk through this I'm going to right-click on the scripts folder and create a new folder and I'm going to call this enter faces like so All right, and inside of here what I'm going to do is create a new C sharp script And I'm going to start it out with a capital I All right, so it stands for interface just so you know you'll see this a lot in other people's scripts as well So we're going to call this an I engine All right, and this we're doing this because you know, we might have lots of types of engines You know you might have certain engines that do produce their own force So maybe you know another type of engine sends all the forces up to the main rigid body There's lots of ways you could you know build out this particular drone controller This what I'm showing you is just a way And it might not be the best way or the most awesome way, but it is a way All right, and so what we're gonna do is we're gonna create an interface. I'm gonna go and set the icon here All right, and Let's click off of it So it applies that icon to it and then we'll open this up inside of visual studio by double-clicking it All right, so what we want to do is create an interface So let's actually put it in the namespace of any pixel. All right, so it's any pixel like so Just so we know because you know unity might have its own Interface called I engine and I don't want to conflict with those so by putting you the name namespace We get rid of any of those conflicts. All right, so This is going to be an interface. So what does that mean instead of a class? Let's let's call it an interface. All right, so that's that's a C sharp term there Now by making an interface, we can't actually extend or inherit from money behavior So we got to get rid of that there and we can't actually have our function declarations in here either because Interfaces are really just there to say, you know what? I'm gonna have this set of variables and this set of functions in the in a class that inherits from me, okay? This interface basically and so it's kind of like a contractor saying yes By inheriting from this interface, we're gonna have all these particular items in our class All right, so let's take a look at this so What I want to do is I want to create a new function inside of this interface called in it engine like so and I want to do and there we go And I wanted to do another one called update engine All right, so all engines will have these two particular functions. They have to That's what we're saying what we create an interface and that's literally all we have to type All right, this is just the instructions for that class or the definition Not the implementations definitions. Okay, so let's go and create the engine script now So let's go back to unity over here and Outside of the interface folder. Let's go and create the engine. So we're gonna create a new C sharp script Say IP drone engine All right, and we'll give it the little icon again Like a self so we'll say other and we'll look for that indie pixel icon There we go Let that update there real quick. And then let's pop this open up into visual studio and add our namespace All right, so in deep pixel. There we go And what we want to do now is we want to see how how can we inherit from mono behavior and This interface I want to be able to do both with this because I want to be able to access all the functions and classes that come with Mono behavior, but I also want to do This particular definition inside of this interface. Okay, so how do we do that? All we need to do really just put a comma and say I engine All right, and there we go now right off the bat You're gonna see that there's this little you know red squiggly line, and that's just because IP drone engine does not implement the interface member in it engine or update engine All right, so remember this is just the definition these when you inherit from an interface you have to have those in there So a really quick way to implement them. All right It's just a select it all and then right click on it do a quick actions and refactoring And we're gonna say implement the interface And look at that we have all of our functions and they come with a throw new system not implemented exception. All right So let's actually get this reorganized a bit. All right, so let's do our custom or call these the interface Methods, so we'll do a new region call that interface methods and Region then we'll just put them in here Like so and we'll keep they not implemented This is you know a good thing to do before you actually implement any code into them Just so you know because it'll throw an error over in the console for you And if you might end up forgetting to implement something right and so Just you know good habit to get into really All right, so that means because we're going to be updating the engine from the drone controller. All right We don't need the update here, so we can actually get rid of that update function All right, and we don't actually need to start because we're going to call the init function from the drone controller as well So look at that. So now we only have you know one start and one update function Here in our drone controller keeps it much more organized Alrighty, so let's go and do some variables. So say region variables and end region like so alright and What we need let's do this we'll do a header and We'll call this the engine properties There we go, I'll capitalize this guy over here and I think all I really need let's do a private float max power We'll allow the user to set You know how powerful these little engines are on the drone and let's do our serialized attribute So serialize the field Cool. All right, so now let's go and get it such that The drone controller is finding all engines that have been assigned to any child underneath its game object. All right, so let's take a look at this. All right, so let's go and Open up the drone here and what we want to do so we want to you know assign some engines here. All right And I want those particular engines to be just empty game objects. All right, so what we could do is We could use the propeller, you know as a position or the arm. Let's actually just Create a new empty game objects under here Yeah, let's do this here. So it's creating the empty game object from the roots We'll call this engines like so just say nice and organized and I'm gonna create a new engine And I'm gonna call this engine for now All right, let's do that So With that done, let's go and drag and drop our drone engine script onto it So we have it all nicely ready to go and let's also put a Box collider on it and actually Rather than you know having to remember that why don't we just go into the script here So let's go to the drone engine and do a require Components let's do a require components and we'll do a type of box collider there you go and Let's go back here, and let's actually remove the component and let's put it on again So we'll say let's select the engine there and drag and drop this so we get a box collider Very cool, and let's make it a lot smaller say point one point one point one for defaults Looks pretty good now what I want to do. Let's actually go into like a top down here So let's hit the little gizmo up here, and then let's go into orthographic mode like so and You have to use the alt drag and Usual the old unity navigation method, and let's actually just place it right over one of those engines Just so we know and it doesn't need to be perfect, right? Only the propellers really need to be centered up on the engine these guys really are just all about generating a force They're gonna be responsible for generating the forces now Let's go and on the box collider component over here in the inspector. Let's hit this little edit collider button and Let's go and Hold down alt was it alt or control and shift control shift Nope I thought there was that equal you could do it Equal I just forgot. Oh, well, let's just do each one of these guys here. All right Yeah, I just want to kind of fit it around there Just so we have some sort of co collision for the engine itself Look at that little icon popped up there. Let's edit that collider again. There we go So yeah, now, you know because we have our little icons assigned to it You can now just select the little icon in the scene It's cool. It makes it feel more pro All right, so now we've got that guy all set up. This is the left front engine. So it's name it appropriately cool, so I'll say LF And let's duplicate that now and let's move this guy over here And again, you can go up to the top go to orthographic view now that we know everything is, you know, basically situated on the y-direction We just do that and we'll call this the RF engine For right front and then let's just duplicate both these guys and then move them back Like so and let's just rename these as well So I'm just hitting F2 on the keyboard just to go into renaming mode. We'll call this BF and Sorry that is not exactly what I wanted I wanted Back left. There we go. And then back right Or RB Yeah Totally knows that but that's cool. There we go We're back Okay, so now we got all those engines all set up there awesome Yeah Cool. So what I want to do now is in the drone controller itself Right is I want to basically find all the engines for my particular drone And now I want to do that dynamically that way, you know I'm not assigning them to some list or array that I've exposed here in the drone controller script I just want this to happen by default now. You don't have to do this. I'm just showing That you can and I actually do do it quite often Because I don't want to have to have you know designers or whoever is setting these up or like an artist or something like that Have to remember to do that They appreciate it too. So Let's make a private Let's do a private Let's do a list. All right, and we're going to make a list of Engines so IP drone engines. All right And we're going to call this engines and we're just going to initialize that to a new list of drone engines like so Alrighty and then in the start function here. We need to go and find all those. All right, so we're going to say that engines is equal to Get components in children So you want to get the right one so we want to get components in children there it is And the component that we're looking for it's not IP drone engine, right? It's actually I engine That way we know that we have access to these two functions. That way we can have lots of I engines right and different types of engines But we know that we always have access to the init engine and the update engine function Whereas, you know, we can have a bunch of different types of engines that are set up with a bunch of different sets of code All right, so this makes your code a little bit more flexible to work with All right, so we're looking for I engine all right, and You'll notice that by doing that first off. Let's put a semicolon here That's not going to work because this get components in children actually returns an array all right, and This is a list All right, we declared it as a list not an right now. You don't have to Make this a list you could Make it an array as well. I'm doing it because I want to show off the using system link like so And inside a system.link, there's a function that allows us to cast this array to a list And that function is called to list And then we just need to give it the type that we want to go to so I engine and then just put some parentheses there And We are getting an error And that is because it can't cast from an I engine We should have put I engine here as well. There we go So now all is good There we go. So we're converting a list or converting an array of I engines to a list of engines This is really cool because now we can do rather let's comment this out So if you want to you can always put it in two forward slashes or if you want the hot key It's ctrl e and c as in cat All right, so Now what I want to do is I want to loop through each engine, right? So we're going to say for each I engine We'll call it engine in engines. All right For each one of those guys what we're going to do is we're going to say engines Dot update engine And we say engine sorry update engine So you can see we have a very limited amount of access to Our particular drone engine and that's because we only have access to the interface methods All right, so hopefully that's starting to make more sense So we say update engine like so So now let's just verify that this is working. So in our update engine Let's get rid of our system exception there and we'll just do a debug dot log. So let's say debug dot log We'll say like running engine and we'll say gameobject dot name like so So you know that each engine is actually calling it. So let's go back to unity now And let's run the game and open up our console here. So we can see Our glorious code running error free. Let's hit play And look at that. We're running all the engines All right, it's dynamically finding all the engines. We're using interfaces. So we keep it nice and modular And we are now calling the update engine function. So hopefully that makes sense All right, so I'm going to close the lecture out there and move on to the next. Thanks so much