The next item of business is a member's business debate on motion 2554, in the name of Kezia Dugdale, on tackling Mesothiloma in Scotland. This debate will be concluded without any questions being put, so would those members who wish to speak please press the request to speak buttons as soon as possible. I call on Kezia Dugdale to open the debate around seven minutes, please, Mr Dugdale. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I am very grateful to all the members who have decided to stay in the chamber to listen or to participate in this debate on how we tackle Mesothiloma in Scotland. Mesothiloma is, of course, a cancerous disease, heavily linked to asbestos exposure and a disease that, in its final stages, leaves sufferers in a great deal of pain and a feeling that they are suffocating to death. My colleagues on the Labour benches will speak on behalf of many of the groups and campaigners who have campaigned on this for a long time. I would like to begin this debate by highlighting the efforts of one woman, Julie Roberts, whom I am delighted to say has joined us in the gallery this evening with her friends and family, including her mother, Wilma. I first became aware of Julie's story through our mutual support of Hebronian Football Club, and it was there that Julie told me of the terrible experience her family had suffered at the hands of this deadly disease. Julie's father, Gordon, was a diehard hibbey, a seasoned ticket holder in the upper west stand at the famous Easter road. He was a joiner by trade and had worked for one of Edinburgh's biggest house building firms. It was during this time that tiny, deadly fibres of asbestos were innocently inhaled, embedding themselves in the lining of his lungs and slowly poisoning his body. It was only after retirement that a shortness of breath became pronounced, a tiredness that had little to do with physical activity laid him flat. A secret visit to his GP, a gamut of tests done without his family's knowledge, brought the answer. Stage 3, misothelioma, a cancer of the lungs. His devastated wife mentioned it to her brother Jim. He'd been a plumber in the city's building trade for years.  The tests were done. They, like Gordon's, were positive. In February last year, 68-year-old Jim died, and then on Easter Sunday, his brother, 69-year-old Gordon, Julie's dad, a grandad in a lifelong hibs van, passed away at St Gombas hospital. Both killed by this devastating disease. To Julie's great credit, she wanted to ensure that others didn't suffer as her father and uncle did, so she fought back with her campaigning efforts. So can I thank her for sharing her story and also thank the Edinburgh evening news and the Sunday Mail for highlighting her story. Scotland currently has the highest global incidence of misothelioma, with 175 cases diagnosed in 2014. Because of our proud shipbuilding history, among many other of our industries, workers like Gordon were sadly left with no idea that the materials that they were working with each day would plague their bodies in years to come. Thankfully, we saw the use of different types of asbestos being banned in the UK throughout the 1980s, with white asbestos finally being banned in 1999. That came too late for too many people. A recent study showed that risks are particularly high for metal plate workers, mainly in again shipbuilding and carpentry, and the risk is higher for people who are exposed to asbestos before the age of 30. That study estimated that a shocking one out of 17 British men born in the 1940s and employed in carpentry for more than 10 years before the age of 30 would go on to develop this deadly disease. People who worked as plumbers or mechanics also had an increased risk, but it wasn't just the men. There have been many tragic cases of wives and partners dying by breathing in the asbestos fibres after washing their husbands clothes week after week. Teachers and pupils and so many other people work in these public buildings, no doubt now filled with asbestos. We need a plan to remove it from those buildings, and the European Parliament has endorsed a 2028 deadline, but we cannot wait. We should be the country that leads the way, especially with our record. So moved by Julie Storie, I wanted to find out more information about what we are doing in Scotland to tackle this issue. The first place I looked for information was the Scottish Government's cancer strategy, which was published earlier this year. Sadly, I found that the word mesothelioma was not mentioned, not once. I turned to what services NHS Scotland offers to patients. It shocked me to hear that NHS Scotland currently provides no dedicated mesothelioma-specific services. That just isn't good enough. A country like ours, with a Government who so often talks about how much it's spending on our national health service to not offer any specific services to people and families suffering at the fate of this awful disease. On top of that, I learned that mesothelioma is excluded from cancer waiting times targets. We must do more and we must do it fast. So what can we do? Last month, I was delighted to welcome a number of campaign groups and organisations to the Scottish Parliament to discuss the issue of what we can do to tackle mesothelioma. I was delighted that a range of people joined us on that day, including Liz Darleson, the director of services and a nurse for Meso UK, the UK's leading charity. I would like to put on record my thanks to her for leading on this issue for a number of years. Liz was unable to join us today, much as she wanted to, as she is busy holding her clinic right now, working with patients and their families. I would also like to thank the STUC for their support and Scottish hazards, who have been campaigning on workplace issues like this for a long time. It is great to see so many of those faces from that day in the gallery this evening. We can work alongside the UK's leading charity, Meso UK, as they conduct their next patient experience survey next year. That would allow them to analyse where they can target the resources to have the greatest impact on patients and their families. Mesothelioma is the most symptomatic of all cancers in that patients often experience breathlessness, pain, coughs, reduced appetite, malaise, and this is coupled with short life expectancy, heightens the need to get it right. The pain can often be very challenging. There is a procedure currently only available in Liverpool and Portsmouth that can effectively manage pain, chardotomy. The team in Glasgow has the ability and the will to perform this and provide a service for Scotland. Meso UK has provided funding for equipment so that they can get it up and running, but this could do with long-term funding so that support for palliative care and pain management services should be built in. Surgical treatment for Mesothelioma is currently subject of a national trial called Mars 2. There are no surgical centres in Scotland currently involved in this project. I understand that there is differing medical opinion in terms of surgical treatment, but that has to be looked at in depth nationally at the moment. Surely we want Scotland to be at the part and the heart of this work. Finally, we could fund Meso nurses in Scotland through the NHS. Currently, Scotland has one dedicated Meso nurse. I am delighted that Jan Devlin is in the gallery to join us today, but she is currently funded by Meso UK and Macmillan. From April next year, Meso UK will be funding this fully themselves. Those are just a few ideas, and you will hear more from the Labour benches during this debate. So I am asking the Scottish Government to listen, to take those ideas and those issues on board, to work with parties across this chamber and the campaigners in the gallery so that we can make a difference by using the powers of this Parliament to tackle this disease, because, as I said earlier, sadly this disease has only become much more prevalent in the coming years. I now move to the open speeches. I call Stewart Macmillan to be followed by Donald Cameron. Four minutes please, Mr Macmillan. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. First, I would like to refer members to my register of interests, and second, I would like to congratulate Kezia Dugdale on securing this member's debate. Certainly, this Parliament has a strong history in dealing with its best of conditions, and there have been various pieces of legislation that have passed through this Parliament. Certainly, the most recent of that was the Pluriplax legislation in 2009. Scotland holds a significant place in the history of Asbestos, having developed its industry early in the 1800s, and by 1914 there were more than 60 Asbestos manufacturers without Scotland. With Scotland's industrial heartland was Clydeside, there the famous shipyards saw significant growth from the success in the shipbuilding and engineering industries, and was responsible for 25 per cent of the world's ships. It was here that the Asbestos panels enjoyed huge demand and were soon to be in every ship that sailed from the Clydeside ports. The building contractors and housing corporations were also major users of the product that was famed for providing heat insulation at a low cost and was quickly used to insulate boilers, pipes and storage heaters. The product was rolled out as a cheap alternative for building homes and schools using Asbestos insulated boards for walls and ceilings. Recent mortality stats show that, in the UK alone, around 100 people die per week from Asbestos cancers and diseases. The mortality rate from Asbestos diseases in the Western Scotland is one of the highest in the UK. However, we would be wrong to presume that the Asbestos legacy is a historical issue. We know that there is a lot more to come in terms of Asbestos issues. Exposure to the product continues across Scotland, and anyone working on a building constructed pre-2000 may be at risk of inhaling Asbestos fibres. It should be noted that we are seeing a growing number of people who have suffered exposure to Asbestos that believe occurred in public buildings such as schools, universities and hospitals. As well as folk from the shipbuilding industry and the construction industry, there are desks of teachers, lecturers and care workers. I have been added to those, as I have just mentioned, as well as plumbers, electricians and others. Clyde-side action on Asbestos is a charity that was formed in 1985 to provide advice and assistance to those who are suffering from Asbestos related conditions. Clyde-side action on Asbestos provides specialist advice on claiming industrial injuries benefits, and state compensation. It has successfully campaigned to implement changes in Scottish law, some of which has come through this Parliament. That gives us victims of Asbestos related conditions and their families more rights than elsewhere in those islands. It is because of the awareness that has been raised by Clyde-side action on Asbestos that the charity receives approximately 800 new cases of people diagnosed with an Asbestos condition from Scotland each year. I meet regularly with Fyllis Craig MBE from Clyde-side action on Asbestos. In September, we met the First Minister to discuss important developments in the diagnosis and treatment of Asbestos-related diseases in Scotland. In case of dubious motion, there are a number of points that she raised, and certainly with her contribution. If at any time the Parliament decides that it does not view Asbestos conditions in Mesothioma as something serious, the Parliament would fail. Historically, the Parliament has not failed. The Parliament has led the way in the UK. One of the things that Clyde-side action has undertaken is that it produced a document earlier on this year. That went out to all GPs across Scotland. The new tool has gained a specialist learning resource and reference tool on how to deal with the scourge of Asbestos. I had an event in Parliament on this particular publication this year. It is important for victims that family GPs are able to identify early symptoms of an Asbestos illness, including Mesothioma, in order that a referral to that specialist can be made. The resource has that early detection section, which will allow doctors a better understanding of the emotional, legal and financial strains that victims and their families encounter. However, I am conscious of your time. I think that debates like this can be very helpful, but I also think that the motion, unfortunately, does not highlight where Scotland has been successful and where there is a lot of good work undertaken in Scotland, not only by Clyde-side action asbestos, but by the TSI group and by Clyde-bank asbestos group. Thank you very much. I thank Kezia Dugdale for bringing the motion forward for debate, and I commend her for being consistent and persistent in bringing forward health issues on certain conditions that are often overlooked. I use that term overlooked because, although the condition only affects around 1 per cent of cancer sufferers in Scotland, it is overlooked. It is a condition that resulted from the poor working conditions of the heavy industrial period between the 1940s and 1970s, as Stuart McMillan noted. It affects people from a range of sectors. It is not a genetic cancer. It is not a cancer that developed as a result of radiation treatment or from the effects of lifestyle choices. Mesothioma is a needless cancer that resulted from Asbestos and affects hundreds of Scots today. I first came across the condition about 12 years ago during one of my first jobs as a lawyer here in Edinburgh doing a temporary stint in a litigation department. There was a dedicated team within that firm, which dealt specifically with Asbestos claims and worked with sufferers of Mesothioma. It was a unique and desperately sad scenario and highlighted to me the significance of the condition and its acute prevalence here in Scotland. It is with regret that, in the Government's own beating cancer strategy, Mesothioma is not mentioned. Not long after I was elected and asked to take on the health portfolio for my party, several people got in touch with me about Mesothioma. By and large, it was the family members of someone who suffers from the condition or died recently as a result of it. There was a common theme in every email that this condition receives little to no publicity and that there was no mention of it in the cancer strategy. That is why a debate like this tonight is so important. When I have submitted, I certainly— Stuart McMillan I thank Mr Cameron for taking the intervention. Historically, in this chamber, the Conservative party MSPs have voted against legislation that has been introduced to actually help people with Asbestos conditions. Has Mr Cameron now said that that position has now gone and that the Conservatives will look more favourably upon Asbestos proposed legislation to come into question? Donald Cameron I cannot speak for the party's position on what our position would be on certain legislation coming up. There is, as far as I am aware, no prospect of such legislation. The point that I am making is that, when I have submitted parliamentary questions on this issue, asking what action was being taken to raise awareness of and tackle Mesothioma specifically, the responses have been largely generic and have concentrated on a general strategy to tackle cancer as a whole. I welcome the fact that there is a strategy in place, of course, to deal with cancer. It is a destructive disease, as we all know, in all of its varying forms. We must do everything possible to fight cancer from all angles. However, given the stark statistic that 1.2 per cent of cancer deaths result from Mesothioma and in the light of the passion and vigor that Mesothioma campaigners, some of whom are here tonight, have for eradicating the condition. There must be greater focus on the condition itself within the operation of the cancer strategy. I want the Scottish Government to realise that Mesothioma sufferers want specific guarantees about what it will do, what the Government will do to tackle and prevent the condition. After all, Mesothioma UK noted in its five-year strategy document that the UK, as a whole, has the highest incidence of Mesothioma in the world, and that is growing. Although this is a UK-wide report, I encourage the minister and her team to read it and take on board some of those ideas here in Scotland. I hope that some of my comments and those of others around this chamber will impress the Government. We need a real commitment to tackling Mesothioma specifically so that this act is not only a genuine comfort to the families of Mesothioma sufferers, but it will also deliver some justice to those who continue to suffer the effects of it and to those who have lost their lives because of it. I would like to start by thanking Kezia Dugdale for bringing forward this important debate today, but I also want to pay particular tribute to the strength and courage of Julie Roberts and other families who have lost loved ones to this terrible illness and are campaigning so that other families can be spared their pain. Scotland is the highest global occurrence of Mesothioma, with a particularly high incidence in the west of Scotland—a terrible legacy of previous use of asbestos in shipbuilding and similar industries. At present, there is no cure, but there are effective means of controlling symptoms and making early diagnosis. While there are also increasing numbers of clinical trials and new treatments, patients can only access those if they are promptly diagnosed and properly informed. Currently, however, there are four key areas in which Scotland is not currently addressing the issue in a way that recognises the scale of the problem. NHS Scotland currently provides no Mesothioma-specific services. Mesothioma is excluded from cancer waiting time standards. Patients' outcomes and service provisions are not audited and the Scottish Government currently commits no central funding to Mesothioma research. I know that the Scottish Government is always keen to compare the NHS in England to Scotland. In England, Mesothioma is subject to waiting time targets. Patients' outcomes are audited and the UK Government has identified it as a priority area for the Department of Health, and the UK Government has contributed £5 million of central funding to research. The situation in Scotland is unacceptable. That is why I believe that the opportunity for a new model of care in Scotland is possible. Because of a glaring clinical need and despite receiving no formal funding, a model has grown organically in the west of Scotland. Established and led by an expert group, Dr Blyth, utilising expertise in oncology, pathology, radiography, cardiothoracic surgery and palliative care support. That multidisciplinary team convenes on a monthly basis at the Queen Elizabeth hospital, but I want to stress functions on the basis of goodwill and the commitment of the team rather than through formal job planning or funding from the NHS. I think that we should pay tribute to all members of that multidisciplinary team. Its funding comes from external sources, including Macmillan and Mesothioma UK. I want to say to the minister that despite the clinical work undertaken by the team and the externally funded research, this is a fragile and unsustainable model. Mesothioma patients in the west of Scotland are fortunate to have the service, because significant service inequality exists elsewhere in Scotland with no other dedicated service available. Oathwith Glasgow patients are looked after by committed and caring teams, and we should thank them, but teams are designated to look after lung cancer patients with services designated for that purpose. As a result, patients often feel marginalised or report that their care needs are not properly addressed. The exclusion of Mesothioma from the cancer waiting time target amplifies the problem, since health boards have no motivation to develop specific services. I recognise—I am just in my last 40 seconds so I won't take the intervention—I recognise that specific point might well be covered within the wider review of patient standards, but I would welcome the minister's comments on that point. I believe therefore that there is a need for a new model of care in Scotland, in addition to inclusion within patient standards and central funding to support a world-leading service and a research model. A hub and a bespoke model based in Glasgow is supported by many campaigners and clinicians on the issue. It is a model that can provide high-quality and equitable care for patients. It is a model that could work for right across the whole of Scotland. It is a model that could transform care in Scotland. I believe that Scotland has world leaders in Mesothioma research. Scotland has world-leading clinicians, and I hope that the minister will listen to those campaigning for a dedicated service and confirm this evening that the Scottish Government is willing not just to listen but to act for those families. I thank Kezia Dugdale for bringing us an important debate to the chamber, but most of all to recognise that what inspired Kezia Dugdale is the story of Julie Roberts, who is also my constituent, and I also welcome her and her mother, Wilma and Lindsay here in the chamber this evening. I think that what is so inspiring about Julie Roberts' story is that it is a real example that one voice can help to change a country. It is because of Julie's story and her courage speaking out about her family circumstances and the difficulties within that and her inspirational determination to campaign on this issue that has brought this debate to the Parliament here this evening. I will conclude by thinking how we collectively can take that forward. I also pay tribute to the Scottish Hazard Centre and Clydesdale Action on Asbestos, which Stuart McMillian rightly highlighted. The Scottish Hazard Centre emailed many of us this afternoon before the debate and stated very clearly what I thought was a mission statement, that, as a nation, we must do all that we can to raise awareness of the causes of Mesothioma, ensure that Asbestos is properly managed and removed, and prevent the exposures that cause Mesothioma are fatal but entirely preventable disease. As I think about that mission statement, I also think about the scale of the issue that has already been mentioned, the fact that we in the UK have the highest Mesothioma mortality rate in the world. Action in our country is at the highest, the most acute in the whole of the globe. I want to represent Julie this evening in my words more than anything else. She asked me to raise certain points. They are all around a central theme of the fact that she believes, and I believe, and many of us here believe, that we can lead on this issue in Scotland, particularly around how we can think about investment in specialist knowledge and nursing. I would ask the minister to comment on that in her remarks, to also think about how we can invest more in research in order to tackle Mesothioma in Scotland, how we can work harder to create a more joined-up service, and how we can increase access to palliative care to manage pain and to appreciate the real acute need that this is the last line of defence when it comes to Mesothioma. Lastly, Julie asked me to emphasise the point around awareness and how we, as the heart of public life in Scotland, can help to raise awareness of this terrible disease and, through that, inspire action on it. That is particularly acute in terms of discussions or events around circles in terms of workers and any opportunity to raise awareness in circles around those involved, particularly in the industrial industries that are associated with Mesothioma, and particularly in the fact that one-in-five deaths are a result of Mesothioma's work-related deaths. I thought around that. Perhaps not just the Government, but we as a chamber, could commit to raising awareness of Mesothioma on International Workers' Day on 28 April 2017, and that might provide a focus for us all to help to raise awareness and to create action against this terrible disease. Before you begin, Ms Bailey, due to the other few members who wish to speak in the debate, I could accept a motion without notice under rule 8143 to extend the debate by up to 30 minutes. Can I invite Kezia Dugdale to move a motion without notice? Do members agree to extend the debate? I am awfully pleased that you do. That is agreed. Can I start by congratulating Kezia Dugdale on securing this debate and commend Julie Roberts on campaigning to raise awareness? Twenty years ago, Clydebank was confirmed as the asbestos capital of Europe. Figures published by the health and safety executive in 1996 showed that Western Bartonshire's death rate from asbestos poisoning was 11 times the national average. Clydebank, not surprisingly, also had the highest death rate from Mesothioma across the whole of the UK. Western Bartonshire had a proud global reputation as a world leader in shipbuilding, but there was a huge human cost to our economic success. The area's proud industrial heritage meant that thousands of workers over the years were exposed to the deadly dust in the shipyards and asbestos factories on the river Clyde. More than 3,000 workers were employed in the construction of the iconic Queen Elizabeth II at John Brown's in the 1960s, when the use of asbestos in shipbuilding was at its peak. The biggest shipbuilders even had their own asbestos preparation sheds in the yards. Academics have demonstrated how those large companies, such as Turner and Newell, which had an asbestos factory in Dalmewr, continued to put their workers at risk long after the dangers of asbestos were known. Clydebank asbestos group was set up as a voluntary organisation in 1992 to provide support, advice and information for the victims of asbestos in their families, and they are still going strong today. For almost a quarter of a century, the group has been consistent in warning people of the dangers about asbestos campaigning for more stringent regulation, helping those affected to seek justice through the courts, and often coming up against the shocking tactics of insurance companies who use every trick in the book to avoid paying compensation to dying clients or indeed their families. Following a campaign led by Clydebank asbestos group in 1998, Western Banshire Council became the very first local authority in the UK to support the call for a ban on white asbestos. It took until August 1999 for the UK to ban white asbestos five years ahead of the EU deadline. It was touched on by Kez Dugdale, but women have played a really prominent role in the fight for justice in Western Banshire, often continuing the struggle in the community and in the courts after their husbands premature deaths. The group's current secretary, Hope Robertson, lost her husband to mesothelioma at the age of 59. On international workers memorial day in April this year, that is what she had to say. We will not be able to say that it is over in my lifetime or my daughter's lifetime, but perhaps it might finally be over in my grandchildren's lifetime. The frightening thing is that people are being diagnosed younger than before. Sorry, it's quite emotional, but the idea that it's all gone and it's all in the past is simply wrong. Whilst most asbestos victims are men, Kez was right to remind us that women also make up a sizable portion of the workforce in the shipyards in the Singer Sewing Machine Factory and asbestos plants in Clydebank. However, the substance was so deadly that many women in Western Banshire were also contaminated due to washing their fathers, brothers and husbands' work clothes. Let me also, as well as thanking Clydebank Action on Asbestos, let me thank Clydeside Action on Asbestos, Tayside Action on Asbestos, all of them make a hugely important contribution to those affected and their families. It's right for us also to thank the trade unions, the STUC and Thompson solicitors, who have represented many of the families. However, what we are hearing tonight in this chamber is much done in legislation, but much more to do in practical terms. Let me echo some of the calls about specific services for mesothelioma sufferers from the NHS, whether it is specialist nurses, whether it is the best possible treatment pathways. We could fund this minister by recovering the funds that would be required to treat people from the companies that caused their disease in the first place. There is precedent for doing this, it's something that I would encourage the Government to do that and maybe then we can give mesothelioma the prominence that it deserves within NHS treatment pathways in Scotland, and I would encourage the minister to seize that opportunity. Miles Briggs, to be followed by Emma Harper. I congratulate Kezia Dugdale on securing tonight's debate, which is an important one, not least for the people in our Lothian region who suffer from mesothelioma, their family and friends. I would also like to pay tribute to Kezia Dugdale for the campaigning that she has personally undertaken in this area and joined her in welcoming mesothelioma's UK new strategy. I pay tribute to the work of the charity and others who are supporting those affected. As has already been stated, Scotland and the UK has the highest rates in the world, a tragic legacy of the extensive use of asbestos in many industries before its damaging health impact became fully understood. The incidence of this cancer is rising in the UK and around 200 people each year in Scotland are being diagnosed with it. Rates are now expected to peak potentially around 2020. Diagnosis and treatment can be difficult, as symptoms are similar to a number of other conditions and the cancer is generally sadly resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, as with all cancers, early diagnosis is vital and treatment can control some of the early symptoms. I believe that more needs to be done to raise awareness of this and I share the disappointment that it is currently not featured in the Scottish Government's cancer strategy and I hope that that is something that the minister will speak about this evening. With no reliable screening tests for this type of cancer, some constituents have suggested that the Scottish Government should undertake a direct marketing awareness raising initiative aimed at people who have worked in the most high-risk trades and industries. I would be interested again in the minister's comments on this specific proposal and how we can take that forward. There are a number of drug trials also on-going across the UK and I welcome those and wish them success. A new initiative from Cancer Research UK and Drugs Companies MSD and Veristem is being co-led by scientists here at Edinburgh University. That will look at whether a combination of immunotherapy drugs will benefit patients and offers hope to early stage patients and their families. In advance of today's debate, I received a very useful briefing from Scottish Hazards. They point out that, as well as the use of asbestos in industry, a growing number of people are being diagnosed with mesothelioma who have been exposed to asbestos through working in public buildings as well as has also been mentioned in terms of washing their families clothes in the past. I believe that it is important that we support the work of organisations like Scottish Hazards who are doing good work to try to prevent future cases and provide support. To conclude, Deputy Presiding Officer, I welcome today's debate. With Scotland having the highest incidences in the world, I believe that we should be leading internationally in terms of research into this cancer and how we can better support sufferers here in Scotland. I urge the Scottish Government to work with the charities and other stakeholders to ensure that Scotland actually does become a world leader in this area and that everything is done that can be possibly done to provide an improved awareness detection and, above all, to deliver the care for families who need it. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I would like to remind members of my register of interests that I am a nurse. Thank you, Kezia Dugdale, for bringing this debate forward today. Recently, in this parliamentary session, as a newly elected member, I received an email message in my inbox. That email was from Julie Roberts—thank you for being here as well. Julie was asking me, along with other MSPs, to take an interest in mesothelioma. She was requesting that I should highlight that condition and also support Kezia Dugdale's motion today. The first line of the motion points to this, where the motion states that the Parliament recognises the need to tackle mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is a cancer caused by exposure to asbestos, mainly the lungs are affected, but any organ covered by mesothelial tissue can also be affected by the disease, such as abdominal peritoneum. Asbestos has been mined and used since prehistoric times. Asbestos is the fire retardant, heat resistant, lagging material. Historically, as early as 1897, asbestos was attributed to having caused pulmonary troubles, it has since been documented by many medics for decades as having caused problems with the lungs. Yes, I am interested. My best friend Diane Cameron's dad, Jock, suffered from peritoneal mesothelioma. He was an engineer, a pipe and boiler fitter. Jock used to describe how he worked with asbestos. He described how he took out old pipe fittings out of schools and factories and even hospitals, and he ripped out the asbestos with his bare hands. He said that he and the workboys used to scrunch the asbestos up into snowballs and throw them at each other. Jock was a fit 70-year-old who took no medication and he died within a year of being diagnosed with mesothelioma. I want to highlight the impact on not only the patients but for the families who lost their parents and loved ones following exposure to asbestos. I am aware of the Clyde side asbestos group and Scottish hazards who have contacted my office also. I was interested in speaking in this debate because, as a new MSP, I was being asked to set up a cross-party group to address lung health in Scotland. In the battle of breath document, which is produced by the British Lung Foundation, there are 15 main lung conditions that are a major concern for the health of people in the UK and Scotland, and mesothelioma is one of them. Meso is mentioned 52 times in the battle for breath. Lung cancer is Scotland's number two killer behind heart disease and just ahead of stroke at number three. Last week, when I was in front of the standards committee to affirm my case for establishing a new cross-party group for lung health, rather than a separate group for each lung disease, we could explore themes for improving lung health for persons with many lung conditions, including mesothelioma. Last week, I heard that the CPG was approved. We need to address the health of Scotland's patients who have a diagnosis of mesothelioma and look at improving lung health whatever the condition for persons in Scotland is. My sister is a respiratory nurse consultant. I asked her for advice about mesothelioma and she said the following. Many patients diagnosed can achieve health benefits with appropriate treatment. Often, patients require medication and frequent visits to a specialist doctor. The treatment can be required to cause quite painful procedures as in the drainage of pulmonary fluid from the lungs. It is required, but ultimately, this allows patients to breathe more easily. Phyllis also said right now that the prognosis is poorer. Again, I responded to the email from Julie, which asked me if I would be able to help to highlight mesothelioma and the persons who are diagnosed. Even without a cross-party group, I would have agreed to support. However, now that the lung health group is approved, I can say yes. I am not only concerned, but I am willing to participate and take action to address lung health conditions that are affecting Scots, including mesothelioma. The last of the open speeches is Ian Gray. I am well done to Kezia Dugdale for securing today's debate. I am even more well done to Julie Roberts, because if her campaigning had not inspired Kezia, we would not be here this evening holding the debate. As Kezia alluded to, Julie became a campaigner on mesothelioma through her engagement with the game changer public social partnership between the NHS, the Heberian football club and the Heberian community foundation of which I happen to be the chair. That is one reason why I wanted to participate this evening. However, there is another reason. In the constituency that I represent, there are towns such as Preston Pans where I could take you down almost any street and find family after family who have been affected in one way by asbestos related disease. They have lost fathers and grandfathers who worked down the pit or on the construction sites. They have all suffered from mesothelioma and the toll that it takes. A couple of them are quite special to me and to my colleagues in East Lothian Labour Party. One of them was a man called Gerald O'Brien, who many in the Labour Party will know. Gerald was John P. Macintosh, the MP in East Lothian's agent, and he later became a Labour organiser for the party nationally. He was the first women's officer of the Labour Party back in the innocent days before it occurred to us that the women's officer should perhaps possibly be a woman. A hugely loved member and member of staff of the Labour Party. Before he did all that, Gerald was an electrician and we lost him some years ago to mesothelioma. He does not have to have been 40 years on the tools to suffer from this disease. Another constituent I knew well for a short time, Jim Anderson, was a teacher in my constituency for many, many years. However, as a student, he had spent one summer labouring on the construction of Cackensea power station and 45 years later, mesothelioma came back and took him too. In a blog that Julie wrote just in the past few days, she said something that I think was very important about her dad and her uncle, that all they did was go to their work. They did not do anything wrong, they just went to their work. That was a disease that they did not inherit from their parents or grandparents, they did not catch it from their neighbours, they did not do it to themselves by drinking or smoking. Those who suffer from this disease simply went and built the power stations, the ships, the factories and the homes that we all wanted. They did that to provide for their family, they did the right thing and paid a terrible price. This is probably nonsense, but it always seems to me that this is a disease that takes the biggest men. I know it is not only men, but it seems to me that it picks out those men who have particularly the most life about them. I did not know Julie's dad, but I have heard her speak about him in the film My Life With Hibs that she made, and he sounds like that kind of man who would fill the room with his strength and stature and love of life. This is a disease that takes that strength and stature away and then it takes your breath away and then it takes your life away. So what do we do? I think that we have to respond in three ways that have all been mentioned this evening. The first is to make those responsible take responsibility. The employers who carried on making their workforce work with us best us when they knew fine what the consequence was. They are insurance companies who have tried every trick in the book to avoid paying compensation to families. Secondly, we have to respond by making sure that it does not happen now and fight tooth and nail to defend health and safety at work so that we do not see this disease come back again in yet another way. Finally, we have to ensure that Mr Thuleoma is given the medical attention that it needs. Correct the shameful lack of specific services highlighted by Anas Sarwar and by Kezia Dugdale. That is the question that we preach to the minister tonight. I now call on Eileen Campbell to respond to the debate around seven minutes, please minister. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I am pleased to be able to close tonight's debate. Like all the other speakers this evening, I congratulate Kezia Dugdale on bringing it to the chamber. I would also like to put on record my welcome to Julie Roberts and her family to the Parliament and pay tribute to the family for what they have done in honour of Gordon and Jim to campaign for the improvements that they feel is necessary to ensure that their lives have not gone in vain and their untimely deaths can ensure improvements for others across our country. Members have talked about the impact that this condition has had on their constituents, tragically cruel in so many ways and many of whom have contracted the disease simply by going to work, or the partners who have contracted secondary mesothelioma through simply washing overalls. Like the motion states, I also pay tribute to the campaigners, the trade unions and the charities who have done so much to support those with mesothelioma who have brought about the improvements or changes needed and who have raised awareness of the condition. I also welcome the report by Mesothelioma UK's publication and their strategy aims seeking to make further improvements to care and support across the UK for those who contract mesothelioma, including raising the profile of it to prevent future cases of asbestos-related disease. We recognise the work carried out by a host of other organisations in addition to mesothelioma UK, such as Clydeside Action on Asbestos, Tayside Action and Clydebank Action, who all, as Stuart McMillan pointed out, provide advice and support to people with asbestos-related disease. In the case of Clydeside Action on Asbestos, it provides resource that Stuart also mentioned to GPs and doctors about the wider implications of the cancer. It is on that theme of our wider approach to cancer that I want to make my remarks. We all know and recognise that progress has been made on treating cancer and survival rates. That is largely thanks to the hard work and the endeavours of those who work across the NHS, delivering our health and social care services. We also know that there is room to do far more, particularly in cancers that have an unfortunate link to deprivation or, in this case, in terms of Mesothelioma cancer caught through industrial work. In March of this year, the Scottish Government unveiled its beating cancer ambition and action strategy, which serves as a blueprint for the future of cancer services in Scotland. While the cancer strategy, as many have made reference to tonight, did not specifically mention Mesothelioma, it should not be taken for a moment as a sign that improving the outcomes for people with Mesothelioma have not been considered. The Scottish Government is acutely aware that early detection of all cancers, including Mesothelioma, is crucial. The earlier that cancer can be diagnosed, the better the chance of a more positive outcome. The cancer strategy will deliver £100 million worth of investment over five years to improve the prevention, detection, diagnosis, treatment and aftercare for all those affected by cancer. That will have a positive impact on all those affected by cancer, including those with a confirmed diagnosis of Mesothelioma. Of course, we will again consider the implications of the Mesothelioma UK report in the wider context of that strategy. We will also look at what lessons can be considered in the context of the current waiting times work. I will give way. Mesothelioma, for the benefit of the members, is under consideration for extending tumour audit for cancer waiting times. I will make a commitment to update members who have expressed an interest in how that audit process goes. I welcome the minister's investment in the cancer strategy and, specifically, her remarks about early detection and how important that is. I therefore wonder whether, tonight, she could commit to a public marketing campaign focused on people who are exposed asbestos so that we can make sure that those people in those communities who are exposed asbestos get the early detection that could save their lives. I would commit to making sure that the strategy took on board the implications and the recommendations and the strategy aims of the Mesothelioma UK report. We will again continue to engage with other members who have expressed an interest in that to ensure that we get that right for people who might have or potential to have Mesothelioma or asbestos-related diseases. We will do that in that wider context of that £100 million investment. In addition to the work that I have outlined around the cancer strategy and to help to support GPs to promote earlier referral or investigation of patients who may be showing a suspicion of cancer, in 2014 we also published revised Scottish referral guidelines for suspected cancer. Those guidelines include a specific section on Mesothelioma and should help GPs, the wider primary care team and other clinicians, patients and carers to identify patients most likely to have cancer and who therefore require urgent assessment by a specialist. Again, there is an opportunity and scope to consider much more widely the ways in which we could more proactively advertise and target people who might have that potential to have or suffer from asbestos-related disease. Other members who contributed to tonight's debate included Miles Briggs, who raised the issues around new drugs and the potential that that can bring to those who suffer from asbestos-related disease. Obviously, we will ensure that, within our wider strategy around drugs and cancer, that that will be part of the focus. Emma Harper brought her experience as a nurse and her own friend's experience to tonight's debate. It is useful to hear about the cross-party group that she has set up to provide a much more longer-term parliamentary focus on lung health, which she has confirmed this evening in Mesothelioma. I will commit to working with her to ensure that we can identify further areas of improvement or opportunities to do more on that particular issue very briefly, if you can. I apologise that it is so late in your time. Minister, I thank you for your comments. Just specifically on Mesothelioma, can the minister commit that the Mesothelioma will be included in the waiting time targets? Will he look to have a standard for Mesothelioma treatment that the hub that is in the west of Scotland will be extended to across the whole of Scotland and that there will be direct research funding specifically for Mesothelioma research in Scotland? Aileen Campbell. I have already made reference to the waiting times work about that wider consideration that is already going on into waiting times, the links and what we can learn from the points that have been raised tonight, the wider Mesothelioma UK report and what that will mean for not only the cancer strategy but waiting time work and also the current audit about the extending tumour audit and the cancer waiting times, that wider bit of work as well about how that will relate to the points that have been raised this evening and the debates and the comments that people have made. I just wanted to finally touch upon, though, Presiding Officer, if I can, well over my— Stuart McMillan. Thank you for taking the intervention and also yourself, Presiding Officer, for allowing it. Can the minister confirm that in terms of the—because the minister spoke about nurses earlier—can the minister confirm that lung cancer specialist nurses actually adhere to the same care plan for people with Mesothelioma as do Mesothelioma nurses? Aileen Campbell. I want to pay tribute to Stuart McMillan's knowledge and expertise and his campaigning that he's done on this issue for the constituency that he's represented in his constituency now but also across the west of Scotland and can confirm that nurses do adhere where they can to the same standards for lung health in the point that he raised. Just finally, though, I wanted to just point on the issues that Jackie Baillian Ian Gray raised around the prospect of looking at recovering funds from those who cause cancer, and again we'll take that on board and make sure that they get kept up to speed with any progress that can be made on that. I also wanted to note that the Scottish Government and the Scottish Parliament have indeed, though, a strong record in supporting those who have been negligently exposed to asbestos. Significant provision regarding the law and damages for personal injuries has been made over the years, including a number of bits of legislation, with most recently the damages asbestos related conditions Scotland Act 2009 and supporting the Damages Scotland Act of 2011. In closing, I would like to offer my thanks to the members for their contribution to today's debate. We have seen significant progress in relation to cancer but we know that we need to do more so that people like Hope Robertson and others like her can understand that their voices have made a difference in how we approach that condition, especially when it comes to the improvements that they want to seek. The cancer strategy will assist with this, but it will require us to work together and collaboratively with third sector organisations, charities and trade unions, with other members who have expressed an interest in tackling mesothelioma and other asbestos-related conditions that are unfortunately far too prevalent across our country. Ian Gray reminded us of the importance to get this right for people who are suffering asbestos-related diseases, because they have only got it because they went to their work. We owe it to them to do what we can to raise awareness and to make the improvements needed to ensure that we can have a better story to tell going forward. We have come a long way, but there is absolutely room for improvement. I close this meeting.


Light's about to come on, Tom now takes her up and away they go. Dudek on the inside, makes a terrific jump. It's there, Kake 1 working great again. Wolfindon's found himself in no man's land there. That was not the right place to be. Younoski charges around the outside, finding speed, really pushing on through.  Younoski read it beautifully, tucked back to the inside. All of a sudden he's now into second place. Wolfindon through into third place. Terrific speedway action again. Yeah, it's Patrick Dudek with a big mistake. Younoski's just been patient, some great moves. Now we can see Ty Wolfindon forcing his way up the inside. He was a bit unlucky in the first turn, Ty. He just read the first turn wrong again. There's a rut there opening up already, and now it's Ty Wolfindon's turn to make a mistake. Into the last lap. Terrific speedway, unpredictable stuff here. Younoski benefiting big time. Ty Wolfindon hanging on in second place. Superb stuff. Younoski, wow, what a ride from him. Wolfindon scrapping there for second place with Dudek. He versed itself from how it worked out from the start. There's that wiggily move, Dramik. And Younoski's now coming through. Here we see it in slight motion. Foot feet off the foot pegs. I couldn't do that. No, well, I would suggest he was out of control there. If I looked like that, I was crashing. No question, but these guys just hang on to everything. Sure. Action pack race, and Younoski there. It was really all fireworks going on. Dudek finding himself very wide there by hitting that rut. He's on now. They're away. It's an even break. As they get to the first turn, it's all about Robert Lambert. Dambulig following him through. Yeah, Younoski round the outside. Fabulous move from the Polish boy. Round the outside again. Lambert responds. No, he can't hold him back.  He really is a fan's favourite. Rawls to the front. And Younoski winning first time out. Yeah. Could possibly push off for a second consecutive. He went for him. Great stuff for him. Just managed to sneak around the outside of Lambert. Just done enough work on the lap before, just to get his nose in front. And if he hadn't, I think Robert Lambert would have had the opportunity to cut that run off. But he's done all the work. And now he's stretching the lead. He looks very comfortable out front. Lambert's at last time. And Matze Younoski superb to get to the front. Robert Lambert back in second place. But listen to the fans. This is the fourth ride since the track race. And there's a bit of a dirtline now that's working for him. And we can see here when he makes the pass, he's done all the work. He's just got near enough to Lambert. Lambert knows that it's too late now.  And I think he knows that Younoski's going to come past. Yeah, an irresistible move for Matze Younoski around the outside of Robert Lambert.


confidence is going to be here. So if we have a high assess risk of material misstatement and a high desired level of confidence, then we're going to have a higher number that we're going to be used as the confidence factor in this case 2.9. If we have a high assess risk of material misstatement and a moderate desired level of confidence, then we'll have a lower factor, high assess risk of material misstatement and a low desired confidence. Then we have a lower factor if if we have a moderate and then of course in a high desired level of risk we're at this number if we have moderate and then a desired We're at this number and so and so forth and you can see what the desire or what the effect would be in the formula given Those numbers here in the confidence fact factor section of the formula Calculate these sample results Racial projection method so we can so we're gonna have two methods that we could use to calculate the sample results This will be the ratio project in projection method apply the misstatement ratio to In the sample to the population so we're gonna get the misstatement ratio in the sample apply it to the population It would look something like this assume the auditor finds $1,000 misstatement in a sample of 10,000 so we have a $1,000 misstatements in the sample of 10,000 the misstatement ratio then is 1,000 over 10,000 or 10% now if we apply that to the population we could say well, what if the population? totals 300,000 the projected misstatement would then be 30,000 because we're gonna take that 300,000 times the 10% and get the 30,000 So that's the ratio projection method not the only method though because we could use the difference Projection method projects the average misstatement of each item in the sample to all items in the population For example, assume the misstatement in a sample is 100 items That total $400 so 100 items which total $400 is the misstatement for an average misstatement of $4 So we have the $4 which is the 400 divided by 100 and the population contains 15,000 items The projected misstatement would then be 60,000 or the $4 times the 15,000 items so it's going to be the difference projection method


All right, what's up guys? I'm gonna make a video about reality checks now a reality check is very important to lose a dreaming And first of all the way if you're new here, hi, I've seen a lot of new subscribers lately So I just want to say hello to you guys Anyway, back to the video reality checks are a way of testing whether you're awake or whether you're dreaming Okay, and they're very important if you want to learn how to control your dreams and Generally for being more aware during the day, you know, that's not just for lucid dreaming They also help you be more aware of, you know, what you're doing Because a lot of a lot of our lives and what we're going to spend on autopilot We don't really think about what we're doing. So The first reality check I'm going to show you is what's known as the finger palm push now This is probably the most effective one and by the way, if you're new to this, I know this kind of sounds a bit crazy I know that, you know It's very strange to think about, you know, because people think well I already know whether I'm awake or dreaming, but you don't really Otherwise you'd be lucid dreaming, right?  And this is the idea behind reality checks in the dream Um, you'll have like an echo of what you've been doing throughout the day So you'll actually find yourself doing that reality check again When you're already while you're already dreaming, okay? And normally your your conscious mind would be asleep during this process Uh, but because you're training yourself through reality checks to be aware of it Um, you actually get yourself right in the middle of that process So in layman's terms you wake up, but only your mind wakes up The rest of you stays asleep and you obviously remain in the dream So with this there's a really important distinction to make And that is just doing the action so that is in this case trying to push your finger through your palm And combining it with the question which is known as the The critical critical awareness or critical question, which is am I dreaming? And you need to really ask yourself this like as you're doing the reality check the finger through the palm Otherwise it won't really do anything, you know, you'll just be sort of Pushing your finger against your hand, which doesn't really get anything done So make sure that when you do this as with any reality check ask yourself am I dreaming look look around Sort of the environment you're in and ask yourself is this real, you know, is this Normal is anything weird going on? Am I Feeling okay really like pay attention to your awareness and to your senses as you're doing this Um, and then obviously when you do the action when you try and push your finger through the palm Really expect it to go through Every time you do it And what will happen is that inevitably when you do this in a dream If the finger will go through you'll ask yourself the question as like a sort of a habit by then am I dreaming And you'll conclude yes, I am dreaming and at that point you become lucid you wake up in the dream And you can control it and do pretty much whatever you want So really with a reality check all you have to do is Do something that you know would only have a certain result in the dream Do try and do something impossible Okay, so either try and push your finger through your hand or trying to pinch your nose and breathe through your nose Trying to you know jump up and jump and then float Um, these these sorts of things, you know trying to spin a spinning top and expect it to keep spinning just like an inception Anything that is impossible in waking life It is a good reality check, okay Obviously the more subtle ones are the ones you can do without people noticing So you don't get you know put into a padded room or anything because you're crazy So the best ones I find are either mental reality checks where you just look around And sort of mentally ask yourself, you know, is any of this weird? Is anything incongruent or anything like that? Or you can just do the subtle trying to push your fingers through your palm Pinch your nose and try and breathe through it those sorts of things And as long as you ask yourself, you know am I dreaming while you're doing these three reality checks When they come up in the dream They'll make you lucid, you know, you'll be able to control the dream and you'll be able to have fun. So That's really all you need to know about reality checks since the 2018 because There's a lot of content out there just showing you like the detail behind it and everything like that really all we need to know in order to have lucid dreams with reality checks is just Ask yourself the critical question am I dreaming? And whatever the action is the impossible action really expected to happen And then when it doesn't you can conclude that you're awake when it does you can conclude that you're lucid So I hope this has helped guys if you have enjoyed this video, please subscribe


Right, do carboxylic acid. When you heat this, then the hydration takes place. Water molecule goes out. One acid gives H plus and another molecule gives OH minus bombs H2O. This carbon and this oxygen combines and this forms C H3 C double bond O O C double bond O C H3, this is the molecule. It is an anhydride. So anhydride forms by the combination of two acids. We can have same molecule or different molecule also. So first of all we will see in this one only the carboxylic acid, the nomenclature of carboxylic acid is which is nothing but C double bond O O H functional bromide acid. And in this also we will start numbering from this carbon atom, the carbon atom of the functional bromide. So we will start numbering from the carbon atom of the functional bromide. So if the molecule is this, H C double bond O O H, for this you write down the suffix. For carboxylic acid suffix is Oic acid. So we have only one carbon present here. We will start numbering from this carbon atom. Only one carbon atom. So the name of this compound is mythanoic acid. If you have C H3 C double bond O O H, one, two carbon atoms, the name of this compound is ethanoic acid. It is a suffix, it will have a suffix for people. So we will discuss that, after this we will discuss that polyfunction what happens. Sometimes we will take alkoxy, we will discuss that. So this we call alkanh to this. First we will do this and then we will come back. So it is a butynoic acid. Butynoic acid, one, two, three, four. The name of this compound is butynoic acid. The double bond is present at second carbon, butynoic acid. What is the name of this compound? It is a four chloropentamide. So carboxylic acid like nitriles, acid halide, aldehyde, other compounds will do that we have done. Similar to that we have to start numbering from the carbon atom of the functional group and the suffix is oic acid. Now the number to name this anhydride, since this anhydride is formed by two ethanoic acid, right, ethanoic acid and ethanoic acid. So name of this compound is ethanoic anhydride, right. It is formed by ethanoic acid, name of this compound is ethanoic anhydride. Is there a space between oic and acid? No. Two ethanoic acid, so it is ethanoic anhydride, okay. We will just count the number of carbon atom. Anhydride means this group, right, the name of this compound is ethanoic acid. Suppose we have two different group present, then we will take one example and we will tell you, okay. Sometimes they also ask this question, what is the original molecule with which this anhydride has been formed, okay. So what you have to do, this bond you have to break. What you do here, just write down H O and H like this, okay. This bond you have to break, write down H 2 O and you break this bond and you break this bond also. You can break this bond also, any one of the carbon-oxygen bond you break. Carbon and all the bond you are breaking, you see these two atoms, which one is more electronegative oxygen. The more electronegative atom goes with the less electronegative atom, okay. So you have to consider the bond that you are breaking. This carbon-oxygen bond you are breaking, oxygen is more electronegative and these two bond you are breaking, oxygen, hydrogen, oxygen is more electronegative. So the more electronegative atom here goes with less and the less electronegative atom goes with more. So the compound here it is what, CS3 C double bond O, OH, CS3 C double bond O, okay. We will take some more examples in the next slide. So suppose the molecule is this, CS3 C double bond O, OH C double bond O, H. What is the name of this compound? Sir, how do you name it if the two are different? Ah, that's one. So first of all let me, what are the two acids we have with which this molecule has been formed? O can be the two. What we'll do, H and OH, right. So this bond will break, suppose. This O will take this H, this carbon will take this O. So the two compounds are what? CS3 C double bond O, OH and H C double bond O, OH. This is ethanoic acid, this is methanoic acid. The name of this compound will be ethanoic, methanoic and hydride. Ethanoic, methanoic, alphabetically we'll write. Ethanoic, methanoic and hydride, alphabetically we'll write. Just we count the number of carbon atom this side and number of carbon atom this side and alphabetically we'll write. Only one carbon atom, methanoic, two carbon atom, ethanoic. Got it? So you don't have to write down these molecules always. Number of carbon atom this side and this side and accordingly you can write down the name. CH2 C double bond, H C double bond O, what is the name of this one? CS3 C double bond, H C double bond O, OH. So do we have to write it too? Because then it can't be at first. In this case it's not required. But suppose other molecule we have then you have to write them. OH and I'll write the product. Esther, Esther is C double bond O, OH. Sir, is there a space between OH and anhydride? OH and anhydride, is there a space? We don't write this. We just continue to write. Sir, isn't this all just one? Yes. So even with acid it's just one? Yes, you'll write continuous. There's no capital letter in between. And I'd write. So fix this. Alkyl alkynoid. Which is alkyl? This is alkyl. This R is alkyl. And alkynoid will write from this part. Alkyl alkynoid. Write down the name of this compound. CS3 C double bond O, OET. OET? Ethyl. Ethyl. Methanoid. Ethyl. Ethanoid. Even the C is under that. Do we count the C which is under that? Yes, we count this also. It's the same thing. Okay. Sir, the compound double bond is not there. Sir, is there any rule that states that we have to start counting from the source of the compound? See, in this part, we always start counting from this constant. One and two. Okay. And we always write down this part first. If it comes alphabetically, fine. If it won't come, then also we'll write down the alkyne part first. And then we'll write alkynoid. So how the numbering will be separate? Right. Yeah, here this will be separate. This will be separate. But this part will write first. Like you see, for this one, it is ethyl. Right. Ethyl. Ethanoid. This one is methyl. Propanoid. This one is... It is one, two. One, two, three and four. Right. Or if you do this one first, one, two. One, two, three and four. So you see here, it is one chloroethyl. Right. Chloroethyl also you can write. See, one chloroethyl is three promo. So we won't write this three promo first and then once again. First we'll write this part. So the name of this compound is... One chloroethyl. Then three promo... Three promo eutenoid. Three promo eutenoid. This one, again this part will write first. So one promo... Ethyl. Then three chloro... Eutenoid. Eut... Two eenoid. Two eenoid. So while naming this, you always have to put the alkyne first. Yes. First we always write alkyne. While naming the alkyne, you have to take the one. Yes. You have to start from this part. What is the name of this part? Two. Two. Three. One. Two. Three. One. Two. One. Three. One. Two. Three. One. Two. So why is it two in? Double bond is five. No, so why is it numbered? Double bond is five. Double bond is five. So I hope we continue the numbering. No, it's a ring. It's the substituent of this carbon atom. It's one number. Why do you think it's one? This is the substituent of this carbon atom. If it is not there, then it is methyl and this part you'll write. But it is two-cyclo-propenyl methyl. But won't that become the main thing? No, no, no. This is the carbon which it has in this carbon atom. C-C-O-O-R. This is the R group. Substituents on this R group. No. It's one. The first carbon atom is this. And in this, the double bond presents the second carbon. One and two. Okay. This is the carbon which is in this cycle. Won't it become cancel to be part of the main chain? No, then it will be one extra carbon. Because it is on the main chain. And cyclo-propenyl when you write that carbon also. Then you can't say cyclo-propenyl. Understood.


Hey you guys welcome back to another day in a life vlog So it is currently Sunday the 28th of March, and I am preparing to go back to school I've been on spring break for the last two weeks, and I have to tell you I have been loving every moment So we were supposed to go to Cancun a long story short. We didn't realize that cash needed a passport book He has a passport card not a passport book, so 24 hours before our trip happened We had to cancel we got a full refund I know we're kind of like travel idiots. We didn't put that together But it ended up being okay We ended up spending like the entire two weeks at home together as a family Scott had already taken off work So it was just a blessing in disguise. Anyway, I am currently getting ready to return to school tomorrow It is quarter four. I cannot believe that the school year is already almost over like we have two months left It's just insane to me like literally from today two months our last day of school is May 28th two months eight weeks It's just wild so anyway, I'm preparing to return to school and then I'm hoping I can do a classroom vlog tomorrow I have quite a few things to do in the morning. I'm getting a new student So I want to make sure I have all the supplies ready to go for her And then get everything set up for the week. I'm doing some pretty awesome centers this week So I want to show you guys what those look like tomorrow. I'm not gonna get all the stuff prepared I'm taking a lot of stuff to school tomorrow. I'll show you what I'm bringing But tomorrow's just gonna be an easy Vocabulary day new vocabulary new information everything is brand new we're teaching I am teaching about earthquakes and seismic waves So moving in towards the end of earth science and then going into all of our physical science standards for the rest of the quarter Gonna be super fun But I'll show you guys everything that I'm planning on doing I want to do a better job of showing you guys what I'm doing in the classroom and Yeah, so We're gonna see if I can do a better job at that and then my channel's kind of moving towards like a real day in the life So if I don't show a whole lot of teaching stuff, I'm hoping to incorporate everything that I Deal with in my life. So gym mom stuff kind of everything that is This chaotic life we live So I'm getting ready for tomorrow. I'm filling up my water bottle so that that is done in the morning because what I'm going to do is make breakfast in the morning and Probably won't eat it until around 10 20 and then I already have my lunch Cooked and ready to go.  I am starting this new diet It's not even a diet. It's more of just like a change It's called bright line if you've ever heard of it. Give me a thumbs up. I'm just hoping to lose 10 pounds So I think if I can do it for you know as my new lifestyle and just You know Splurge every now and then then I can really maintain a healthy weight I'm not overweight by any means, but I'm definitely over what I used to weigh. So anyway, I'm filling up water here It's like 10 40 at night I just finished up getting some things done before tomorrow just on my computer things that I didn't want to do in the morning and I'm gonna go to bed.  You ready to go back to school tomorrow? She's been so sweet, but she has been cooped up in this cage She's gonna be real happy when she gets to be held and squeezed and poked All day, huh sweet girl Are you guys ready for mommy to go back to school? I Don't think so. Are you ready? No Personally cash is taking it really hard. He's gotten used to having mommy home for two straight weeks And he's like mommy you have to go to work tomorrow. I'm like, yes, maybe I do he gets so sad So I decided and I'm going to try and bring one plant a day to school this week because I have so much I'm taking to school tomorrow a new stand-up desk, which I'll show you in just a minute Another desk that I'm not using in my house anymore that I could totally use as like a station table And then I have all these plants that I need to bring back all of the plants over here on the ladder I need to go back to school. So I think I'm gonna just bring one plant a day this week.  So I'm trying to not stress myself out. My car is already packed full of all the things I need to bring home to school and So all I have to do tomorrow is get up Make myself presentable and make my breakfast and go and luckily my commute is only one minute So I will see you guys tomorrow bright and early Hey guys, it's Monday 653 and I'm super glad I got here a little bit early because I realized when I walked in the door that Tina's cage is not put together. I just have to put these little boards in and Get that ready, but I also have a crap ton more stuff to go get from the car So I think what I'm gonna do is put Tina's cage together real fast and then run downstairs and grab my next load Luckily, I do have a big wagon To help with bringing up stuff So let's put this rack cage together real fast and then we'll go get that stuff I'll put all my stuff up and then my new desk which I'll show you guys in another video And now I'm sweating because I forgot how hot it is going up and down the stairs I wanted to show you guys my outfit of the day very springy I got this skirt from Target the other day I thought it would be really cute paired with a little bit of white tennies and a jean jacket So just threw my queen dolly shirt on with it because the kids know I'm the t-shirt queen So that is my outfit today. Oh, I am mega zoomed in Okay, so I have a few things I need to do. I need to make sure that date is ready to go I need to make sure I have everything ready for today and then once I have all of that set I will kind of sit and relax and figure out my life Because it's more important that I figure out today than my life. My life doesn't matter Also, I only have about 15 minutes until kids arrive. So wish me So if you're ever making group pod like Activity stuff always make two extra because I guarantee you there will be a team that loses something or accidentally throw something away and then you're In trouble. So if you guys are new here I teach departmentalized science and social studies in fourth grade and so today my students are going to be learning about different seismic waves and Once they're done learning about them taking notes on them they're gonna do a quick little sorting activity where they'll just put the type of wave and Then it's description in this little Charity chart and then I will be checking it had to cut a couple of documents And now I'm gonna check to make sure my PowerPoint is still on point Make sure that my notebook is filled out and then I'll be ready to go for the day So all I have left to do is just hang out and like clean up a little bit because I didn't leave it spick and span in here But yeah So one thing I really want to do before the week is over is take my flexi spot desk rising desk Home with me for my office. I did get a different Rising and falling desk but it is on wheels and I'm gonna show you guys that in a different video But I was thinking that this might be helpful for my desk at home since I'm not teaching online anymore this desk is more for like if I was gonna be standing a lot at this desk and It would be purposeful if this desk were the one that I was like teaching from up front But I just don't teach from back here So and I do have quite a few standing desk so I am gonna take my flexi spot home with me and Maybe I'll do that today. I'll just put it in the wagon and then it's ready to go But oh, I do need to put my Google classroom codes up on the board as well because every quarter I get a new or I start a new Google classroom so that Assignments and things are a lot easier to track and Kids don't feel clustered and stressed and anxiety because of all of the different Assignments that we're from throughout the year That's just how my ADD mind works. And so I know that if any of my kids struggle with that It is helpful That's a good idea Make sure you spread out the love so that everybody can participate Okay, so what is an S wave also known as Secondary secondary good job, Eli So the kids are currently working on assorting activity Describing the three types of seismic waves Okay Tina is helping me check their answers and they're all staring at me weird because I'm vlogging Okay guys, so the kids are now at special so I'm gonna just show you what we did today So I have a PowerPoint that I made before break that has all of the information that we learned today and it matched our Closed notes that we took in our notebooks. I had the kids fill in empty were sorry blank spaces with words And then we drew pictures of waves some diagrams and the three different types and then in a group of four because we are now able to pod them together They can kind of collaborate in a way What's being able to still socially distance and they organized this chart with the different characteristics of each wave so that was kind of like a collaborative assessment and All the teams did really well for my first class So the kids are in me at specials for a while and then it is my lunch so I do have the next about hour and a half off and So what I'm going to do is just prepare for the rest of the week I have everything pretty much ready, but I want to make sure it's all set and ready to go And my teammate Maria is gonna be coming in to hang out for a bit and work with me So If you guys want to follow her her name is Maria. She is electric ELA on Instagram, and I will also link her account below She's amazing. I just love her. So anyway, we're gonna go and do a little bit of work And then I'll see you guys in a minute.  That's a whole nother story that I can share with you guys on my other channel but so I'm gonna go pick him up from Her kids gymnastics gym and then we're gonna head over to mountain side fitness where I work out every day Hey guys, so it is now 630 cash and I are just getting home from the gym and we went to Trader Joe's So I'm gonna do a quick Trader Joe's haul show you guys what I got So as I mentioned earlier, I am starting this bright line eating plan and that plan kind of just follows portion size control and then no flour and no sugar So I'm gonna show you guys what I got from Trader Joe's to help me with my little bright line eating plan All right. So this is everything that we got from Trader Joe's today. So I'll just kind of briefly walk you through it So again, no flour no sugar. So try to go as low sugars as you can and then no flour So you're gonna see a lot of cauliflower and vegetables Okay, so I got some of these euro slices I really really enjoy eating gyro meat and then I got some cauliflower thins that cash is currently crushing Can you please let go? Can you stop? Thank you That's mommy's These are a great bread alternative if I wanted to do like an open-faced type sandwich or Like make myself a pizza my mom swears by these. So we got some of those We got two bundles of bananas cash. You're gonna have one.  Are you okay? Did you bite your tongue? You did are you okay? Listen to me you do not kick the doggies. No Okay, why don't you move away? That's a good choice Alright, we got two bundles of bananas. I absolutely love this dressing the green goddess salad dressing It is not focusing Okay, well, I guess we're not focusing on that the green goddess salad dressing I like to put that on top of this crunchy first crunch collection. I got some tzatziki for my euro meat Some cauliflower crisps These are for dipping into my artichoke dip and then for a snack I got some of these chili garlic cashews some strawberries for fruit Apple for fruit you can have potatoes in the morning. So I planned on eating some of these hash browns my mom actually Gave me the idea for these Obviously some eggs a pineapple who you can have fruit at like almost every meal. So pineapple Potato fries for cash Cauliflower and yoki. I thought that would be yummy to have one night if I wanted Sweet potato fries for me little pizzas for cash some cookies and then everything back here is for cash So graham crackers applesauce yogurt cheddar rocket You know all the stuff. I also got a package from fashion Nova So we're gonna open that right now and maybe we'll do a try-on. Should we try them on? Yeah, it's for mommy So I went with fashion Nova because I'm a pretty curvy gal and I know that they make things that are geared for curvy women so We know their pants. So I got some jeans and I got some shorts Okay, so here is the first pair of shorts Super cute very fitted at the waist and very stretchy in the butt and leg area I do have pretty big legs in a Good sized rear And then my waist is a lot smaller up here. I do have like the mom tummy So finding shorts that fit right is hard, but these fit really well And I like that they have the cuff so it keeps the cheeks in and they're very comfortable I really like them. Okay first one success All right, the second pair is the same pair except they're in like a light wash Jean so Same shorts again.  That's what I like So they're kind of tight and they do show some thigh chub But that will go away with more working out. So Try the next pair. Okay, this is the third pair definitely my favorite very loose in the waist again Super nice and stretchy on the legs Really like these shorts. Love them winning. Okay, so for this last pair of shorts I think I might need to get a bigger size as you can see I have quite a bit of Muffin top going on I do like the bottom though. I like the ripped Detail, but I do need a thicker waist. These are large. I definitely need an extra large Just because of this right here I do have extra mom chub.  They hide everything Okay, the last item that I purchased was a pair of jeans Which I really do like them They're not as stretchy in the legs as I thought they were gonna be but they are super stretchy in the waist which I like So I definitely want to keep these and they do Push up the tush a little bit. So I do like these. However, I did think I ordered a pair of jeans with no Holes in them so I could wear them to work. So I think I might have to return those black ones Possibly these ones because I'm not really into this color of jean this wash never looks good on me So I'm gonna return these and get jeans and Then return these for a bigger size so I'm gonna go ahead and make cash and I dinner and then I'm going to Enjoy the rest of the evening with him. We're gonna snuggle watch a show Play a little bit and then we'll just start the day all over tomorrow. So thank you guys so much for watching I hope you enjoyed and I'll see you in the next vlog. Bye You


The Global Cyber Threat Environment, Module 15, North Korean Cyber Intelligence. Objectives. Once you have completed the readings, lecture, activity, and assessment, you will be able to describe the relevance of North Korea's Reconnaissance General Bureau. Welcome to the Global Cyber Threat Environment, Module 15. Of the four U.S. adversaries discussed in this course, North Korea likely possesses the least cyber capability, although it has wreaked havoc on several U.S. corporations, such as Sony Pictures. Like Russia, China, and Iran, North Korea employs cyber capabilities to gain asymmetric advantage over the United States. Unlike these countries, however, North Korea also leverages cyber capabilities to gain respect from the international community, from which it has been largely marginalized. In this lecture, we highlight a few of the North Korean intelligence organizations responsible for the country's cyber operations. When studying any North Korean organization, we must first remember that the North Korean government is totalitarian in nature. Although the country has a constitution outlining the leadership role of its single party, the Workers' Party of Korea, the document makes clear that the country's supreme leader is head of both the party and the state. The supreme leader's duties allow him complete control of the affairs of the state. Including appointment and removal of government officials and command of the North Korean military. In addition, the supreme leader's loyalists consider him an earthbound deity, demanding complete allegiance from his people in exchange for protection from the outside world. Such deification is one reason that the current leader, Kim Jong-un, would direct his cyber forces to attack Sony Pictures upon the release of the unflattering movie, The Interview. Allowing the country's citizens to see him in a negative light could threaten his legitimacy and rule. North Korea has a number of active cyber forces at its disposal, though no one knows for sure what the country's actual number of cyber personnel is. The South Korean government has estimated approximately 6,800 North Korean cyber personnel. Until about a decade ago, those with cyber warfare expertise were spread through several governmental organizations. However, in 2009, in an effort to improve efficiencies and gain a greater unity of effort, it is believed that these personnel were consolidated into the reconnaissance general bureau, or RGB. The RGB is considered the most important intelligence organization in North Korea, responsible, among other things, for conducting both illegal and clandestine activities outside the country. In fact, elements of the RGB are believed to be responsible for carrying out the 2017 assassination of Kim Jong-un's brother in Malaysia. The U.S.-based Center for Strategic and International Studies has pointed out that the RGB can best be thought of as a hybrid organization using many elements of statecraft, including cyber operations, intelligence, illicit trade and economic activities, commando operations, and other activities related to irregular warfare. The RGB is assessed to comprise seven separate bureaus. The first six bureaus are operations, reconnaissance, foreign intelligence, inter-Korean dialogue, technical and rear services. Though difficult to verify, it is believed that most of the country's cyber capabilities are organized within the RGB's seventh bureau, Bureau 121. Bureau 121 is considered North Korea's most important cyber organization. South Korean open-source media have reported that Bureau 121 is directly overseen by Kim Jong-un, although that has not been independently verified. In addition to hacking operations, Bureau 121 is likely responsible for developing asymmetric means to disrupt U.S. and South Korean command and control and logistics operations should hostilities break out on the Korean Peninsula. North Korea also has cyber capabilities under the command of its general staff department, or GSD, which is responsible for military operational planning. GSD-controlled cyber operations encompass such missions as electronic warfare and psychological operations, and they are thought to be closely coordinated with operations planned by the reconnaissance general bureau. The GSD also includes a series of subordinate bureaus, including the command automation bureau. The command automation bureau is reportedly responsible for conducting offensive computer network operations, such as developing specialized malware and scanning the networks of foreign adversaries for subsequent exploitation. The command automation bureau reportedly includes three subordinate units with specific missions, one of which, according to a 2009 open-source report, comprises about 60 officers. A third North Korean cyber operations organization is the Korean Computer Center, or KCC. The KCC, established in 1990, is much older than the other organizations just noted, and although its mission has apparently changed through the years, it is believed to be responsible for hardware and software research and development. Additionally, the KCC is known to have elements in various North Korean universities where it recruits and trains students with an aptitude for working with information technology. The KCC is estimated to comprise about 850 personnel, 50 of whom are thought to hold PhDs. Although limited by Western standards, North Korea's cyber capabilities continue to advance rapidly. Strangled by international economic sanctions, North Korean hackers have proven adept at breaking into international banking systems to illegally procure funds. In fact, a well-publicized hack of a Bangladeshi bank resulted in the theft of more than $10 million dollars, is believed to be the work of North Korea based on remnants of code found on several servers. Such successes combined with North Korea's propensity to use digital currency like Bitcoin to hide international financial transactions will only serve to encourage the country to further advance its arsenal of cyber weapons. Question 1. True or false. Bureau 121 of North Korea's Reconnaissance General Bureau is believed to be responsible for housing the preponderance of the country's cyber capabilities. A. True. B. False. The answer is A. True. Question 2. True or false. Stringent international economic sanctions have motivated North Korea to develop cyber weapons specifically for stealing money from international financial institutions. A. True. B. False. The answer is A. True. A. True. Activity. Imagine you are a U.S. offensive cyber warfare strategist looking to access North Korean computer systems. How would you do it? Given the difficulty in gaining access to computer systems in North Korea, you might best infiltrate North Korean systems located in another country. Research which countries have a North Korean diplomatic presence, including embassies and consulates. Which of these countries is the best location to target North Korean systems? Put on your amateur spy hat and consider how you introduce malware into a North Korean system in a third country. Would you bribe cleaning personnel or other third country nationals who have access to North Korean personnel or systems working in the embassy or consulate? Be as creative as you can and develop at least two options.


Hello, it's Missy! Thank you for watching. Today I wanted to share a braided hairstyle with you. Let me know what you think down below in the comment section. If you're new, please subscribe, then you'll never miss any future videos. And let's get started! For the first part of this hairstyle, I'm going to be creating two french braids on both sides of my head. With my hair parted near the center, I'm going to divide off a section of hair on the left side and divide it into three smaller pieces for my braid. Since I'm creating a french braid, I'm going to be crossing the side strands over the middle strand, alternating between the two side sections. After the first stitch of the braid, I'm going to begin incorporating new sections of hair into the braid. So I'm crossing one side over the middle, picking up a new section of hair and crossing it over into the middle strand. Then I'm crossing the other side strand over the middle, picking up a new section of hair and crossing it over, bringing it into the middle strand as well. And I'm going to repeat this pattern, crossing the side strands over the middle strand while adding in additional sections of hair to create the french braid style along the left side of my head. On the bottom side of the braid, I'm bringing in hair from along the hairline. And to the top side of the braid, I'm bringing in hair from along the part line. So I'm just crossing one side over the middle, picking up a new section of hair and crossing it over, bringing it into the middle strand. Then I'm crossing the other side strand over the middle, picking up a new section of hair and bringing it into the braid, crossing it into the middle strand. And once the braid reaches my left ear, I'm going to stop adding in hair on this side of the braid because I want the braid to curve around towards the back of my head and this helps it lay a little bit more smoothly. So I'm just going to continue bringing in hair to the top side of the braid from along the top of my head. And then when the braid reaches the back of my head, I'm going to continue braiding the section a little further down without adding in any additional pieces. And then once the braid reaches near the bottom, I'm going to take a bobby pin and slide it over the bottom of the braid so it doesn't unravel. Now that one braid is done, I'm going to repeat the same steps and create a second French braid with the hair on the right side of my head. I'm going to divide up a section of hair next to the part and divide it into three smaller pieces. Again, I'm crossing the side strands over the middle strand, alternating between the two side strands to begin the French braid. So I'm crossing one side over the middle, picking up a new section of hair, and crossing it over and bringing it into the middle strand. Then I'm crossing the other side strand over the middle, picking up a new section of hair, and crossing it over, bringing it into the middle strand as well. I'm going to repeat this pattern, crossing the side strands over the middle strand, while adding in additional sections of hair to create a French braid along the right side of my head. On the bottom side of the braid, again, I'm bringing in hair from along the hairline, and to the top side of the braid, I'm bringing in hair from along the part line and the crown of my head. Then once the braid reaches my right ear, I'm going to stop adding in hair to the bottom side of the braid, and I'm only going to bring in hair to the top side of the braid from the top of my head. And when the braid reaches the back of my head or meets the other braid, I'm going to continue braiding the section a little further down, and then I'm going to slide a bobby pin over the bottom of the braid so that I can work with it later. Next, I'm going to divide off two sections of hair from under the braids, and I'm going to combine them together over the rest of the hair. Using a clear elastic band, I'm going to tie the hair together, and then I'm going to flip the ends up and around the elastic, and this will make the two sections twisted on the sides. Now with the remaining hair, I'm going to create a fishtail braid. So I'm splitting the remaining hair into two sections, a left side and a right side. I'm going to be dividing off sections of hair from one side and crossing it over, adding it into the opposite side. So I'm taking a smaller section from the left side, crossing it over and adding it into the right section of hair. Then I'm going to divide off a section from the right side, cross it over the top and add it into the section on the left side. So I always only have two main sections of hair, and I'm going to continue this pattern, repeating these steps with the remaining hair until the braid reaches down near the bottom. So I'm dividing off small sections of hair from both the left and the right sections, crossing each one over the top, adding them into the opposite side, and I'm alternating between the left side and the right side, creating a fishtail style braid with the hair. You can cross over smaller sections or larger sections or kind of alternate the size of the sections to create a little bit more interest with the braid. But I'm just repeating those steps, working my way down the section of hair until the braid reaches far enough down the section. And then I'm going to take a clear elastic band and tie this over the end of the braid so that it doesn't unravel. Then I'm going to go back over the sides of the braid and carefully pull small pieces up and out of the elastic so they slide out just slightly. And I'm going to work my way all the way up the braid from the bottom to the top, pulling out the left and the right sides. This will make the braid look a lot wider, so it'll look a little more casual and lived in. You can keep it tight and small if you prefer, just depends on the type of style that you want to go for. I think this is a really fun style to wear during the summer. It has kind of a boho type of vibe. Let me know what you think down below in the comment section. Thank you so much for watching. I hope you enjoyed today's video. Let me know what you think down below in the comment section. If you're new, make sure to subscribe, click that notification bell as well, then you'll never miss any future videos. And I will see you next time.