Hi everyone, Joe for Jasper's case rates comm. Well, we're doing a number but random What am I doing a random number block randomizer for the bangles chargers ravens raiders and rams for pick your team number two We're just if you're watching live. We're just one number block break away from unlocking another eight box enter There are gonna be non numbered cards that's gonna be randomized as one group to one person For these teams, right? So yes, if there's a non numbered Joe borough autograph like that one in the picture Right, that's gonna be randomized to one person on this list right here Now if Joe borough is a number of signs that you get randomized then obviously it would go to you There are the numbers right there Let's roll it randomize it three into two five times for each list one two three four and five After five times three into two that's Sean down to Chris Three into two five times for the numbers one two three Four and five. No, we're LB. We are based out of Hermosa Beach, California. Hey All right, so we got all that sorted All right, so Sean with eight carry with five and zero so carry since you've read the item description You know that zero gets you any and all redemptions for those teams down there David with four including one-of-one redemptions, but Steve you'll still get any live one-of-ones Non-redemption one-of-ones David with four and oh David Baker with four David Tran with nine Chris with six Matthew with seven Steve with one David Baker with two and Chris Erickson with three Let's order these numerically and the break itself if you're looking for that if you're watching this and looking for the actual break It's a separate video. Look at our video list on youtube.com slash Jaspie's case breaks. Thanks for watching. See you next time. Bye


Whenever I'm stuck during a work day and I feel like I'm procrastinating There's a project in front of me. That's making me intimidated and I'm not taking the next steps Here's what the simplest thing that I do. I just take a pause and I open a blank document or a notepad or whatever and I simply write down The next small steps that I can take during this hour To make progress on whatever project that I know was helpful and important That's it and it's so simple that a lot of us forget to do something like this so instead of trying to keep it in your head and therefore What happens is when you keep a project in your head you tend to see the entire project Right, you see the sort of the finished project and you get so intimidated You kind of terrify yourself about what it takes to get there So instead write down Just take a pause and open a document or a piece of paper and write down the next three Small steps you can take in the right direction of making some progress on the project So give that a try. I try to do this whenever I'm feeling stuck I do this at that, you know just say what am I going to do in the next hour or the three small things I can do so I hope this is helpful and if you give it a try, let me know how it works for you


NAMASKAR. Today we are with UPSC civil service examination 155th rank Minnu Minnu's own Joshi So, let's see their specialties How did Minnu study How did he feel Minnu first and foremost Minnu and Joshi First and foremost hearty congratulations Let's talk about a family Because We will discuss the story So, how did you know the result How did you know the result What did you feel I went to the office I went to the office After going to the office I had a second shot of the vaccination I was in the office I was in the care of the office So, after taking the vaccine I was able to get the result So, don't go back Stay with me So, I said I was off After taking the vaccine I went to the office I picked up my friend We were in the car We came to the office at 6 o'clock The result came My friend and I are my best friends So, the police are not in the list So, we both felt sad But She was very understanding She said I am not spoiling your mood You are being so victorious But, she was a little harsh We were together for some time Then Immediately Some media came Then became a big affair But to be very honest I didn't like it I didn't like it Those who are like us Those who are around They are celebrating your success So, this result came I know it The family preparation Because Minnu was married at the age of 29 So, in almost 10 years Of your marriage So, this result came Finally, she is in the list What was the first reaction? Actually, the first When we were happy We both studied together I saw Minnu for the first time Aishwarya So, it was the first time I didn't know anyone else in my life Minnu I saw the next person Almost 6 years ago I saw him We both We both studied together But When there was only one person I felt very sad to be in that moment I was looking at the list I was wondering where it was I felt very sad The beginning Was very Success One person The one who won The second one Had a very good confidence So, it was the result Of the two who achieved Aishwarya Then we both were happy Now, the result Is 2nd జజ੆జੋੀੀ੆ੋੋ੆ੋ੉੉ੋ੉ੋੁੋੋ੉ੋੇ� ੔੅ੇ੆ੇੋੋ੍ੂੋੇੋੋੋੁੋੇੇੇ ੈ੍੍ੀੇੇੇੇੇ I didn't know that there was so much joy in this. Usually we go to the Collector, he is an ISR. He is in a big job. He has so much popularity among people. He has so much happiness. When we meet him, he has so much wealth. He has the aspect of this person. He understood. Before that, he was studying. That's all. But there are so many people. There are so many others. I am very happy. In today's interview, we have come to know about Joshi. Actually, she is not a friend of the camera. Because Minnu's preparation journey is very inspirational. He got married at the age of 21. He got a job as a compassionate father. He became a mother at the age of 23. At the age of 26, he decided to become a UPS 7. He is from Malayalam family. Joshi is working in ISR. Husband and wife have a job. He became a kid. He became all the ingredients of a settled life. That's when my wife told me to write an UPS exam. She said that it is an uncertainty. I don't know how many years it will take. So, I decided to write a leave. Minnu told me that. What did Joshi think? How did he accept that decision? How did he support it? I called him from the office. He told me to call him. I called him from the office. I went to call him. We had a very close friend. We were standing in a circle. He told me that there were small discussions before. But then he told me that he was going to leave. That's what he said. I told him that if we have a car or an engine, we will have a car that runs in an engine. So, if a car is ready, we will have all the problems in our family. We have to struggle a lot. I asked if it is okay. Many things have to be solved. We have to struggle. We have to struggle a lot. So, I decided to leave for 3 months. After that, we can decide whether we can study or not. So, after leaving for 3 months, I said that it is okay. There was a little struggle. It was okay. I just left. After that, I had an interest in studying. I felt that it was good. But, this is a common thing that we cannot say. There is a child. There are children's parents. In the morning, we will be able to study in the evening. It is very time-constrained in the life of UPSI aspirin.  I started studying in the evening. After that, my family life did not affect me. I am asking that, this is the name of the child after marriage. There is a person who wants to write it. But, they do not get the support of the family. So, I am asking that, I know the aspirin which cannot be written. What is the thought process behind that decision? Let me write. Let me study. I felt that I managed the family. It was an inspiration. What is the thought process? I and my father-in-law both have parents. My father-in-law loves to study. So, I am not that good at studying. My sister and an average student. They wanted to study so much. They were a Karsagha family. But, we left them in Government English Media School. They wanted to study. But, they did not like Karsagha. They wanted to reach a good place. They were very eager. But, they were not able to do it. I did not think that they would reject it. I did not ask them. I said that I will tell them later. They said that they would give full support to the family. They rejected it. When a person comes to study, they are eager to study. They are eager to study. So, they want to share their dreams with us. So, they rejected it. They said that they should try it. But, they did not like it. They did not like it. So, they tried it. They are confident in it. If they are sure about it, I did not think that they would give full support. Okay. So, how did the family's support help in our preparation? As I said, as a married woman, as a mother, you need that whole heartedly. If you have a backup system, you can run ahead. How did you get this support? When I came home after marriage, I was doing post-graduation. I was studying till then. I came home after getting married to a student. At that time, I was working in a bio-construction company. So, I did not have any project. So, I came home late. Some days, as part of the project, I had to stay there. In the university, I did not have any project. At that time, my parents did not have any problem. They did not have any problem. They were not particular. In fact, I was studying in their room. I was sleeping there. They did not disturb me. They did not disturb me. I know that they like to study. That is why, I did not look for the answer to this typical family. Later, when I got a job, I would go to 8.30 in the morning at 7.00 in the evening. Since I was a police officer, I would be late. So, I came home at 7.30. At 7.30, I had to look for my sister-in-law before our marriage. You can look for your sister-in-law. After marriage, I would look for my sister-in-law. So, I know a lot of people's experiences. I am a privileged person. Exactly. They have not told me anything. কানিরযাযুঢান্র ন্যুগি সবান্যুন্দ কু্ুগিুনা বান্যুুুগি সব�সিনুগি তুুগিুুন্ুআ. Only targets are the women's chase, which do enjoy both is fantastic. Since they may be married, women get no support, which will lead to fixing long- laser walls, especially, for female candidates. What is the � novamente voor medical situation ? They say, they are Associate candidates déjà vu. you dont look for a job within 24 , to find a job within 25 , you should organisations within 25 What is the problem? As I have heard it from my neighbour, I wonder why he studies. Or what are the things he is doing. In fact, I don't know if I can say it in a video. I don't know if I can tell it. He is calling a wife like this. I feel the most emotional coming to him. So what is the best thing about him is he didn't mind. That is something that didn't happen, that is why he is important. We are always concerned about what will happen to them and what will happen to them. Parents and in-laws will not have any problem. But the question in their mind is what will happen to the country and what will happen to the country. I believe that the country will not be affected by what will happen to the country and what will happen to the country. If the country is not affected by what will happen to the country and what will happen to the country, the pressure of the family will also increase. I feel that the country will be protected and shielded. Many of the questions are going to be solved. What do you have to say to those families or husbands, when you are successful in your journey, you will not be successful in your journey. But there are some desires. What do you have to say to your partners, family and parents? I have to say to my partners. I started my studies. We had almost equal jobs. Many people said that ego will not work out. Tomorrow when Joshi leaves from home, he will go to school. The government car will come. You will have a problem in your life. When you call a function, when Joshi leaves, it will be with the person who is equal to you. So Joshi does not have any sense. I have to say to my partners, we have to accept the desires of the person who is with us. They will have the freedom to give us happiness, when they grow up. Or they will try to take us to the same strain. That is, time and time again problems are starting. When they give salary, we get it. Sometimes we get it from our family members. Sometimes we get it from our parents. Sometimes we get it from our parents. Sometimes they pay for it. We get a con-bind, that we give our health, or whatever it is, we get health institute for it. That's part of the problem, it's all about everything that's right.  The happiness we get is they're making. It's equal, it's a human being.  Ḥᶜᵅᵃᶜᵉᵃᵃᵉᵃᵃᵉᵃᵄᵉᶠᶜᵃᵁᵎᵃᵃᶜᵦᵉᵃᵃᵎᶠᵃᵍᵍᵉᶭᵉᶜᵉ ᵜᶠᵉᵉᶠ ᵜᶠᵉᶜᵉᵎᵎᵃᵍᵄ ᵜᶠᵉᶜᵉᵉᵃᵉᵉᵃᵆᵉᵍᵉᵉᵉᵉᵉᵃ ᵜᵉᵉ� ὂᵍHubball ᵁᶦ Bw usually ᵁᶦ Haw هنا ᴍAws ᴍM Qur ᴇM Qur All that is the problem of society. There is no marriage on 24th or 22nd. There are no children on the 1st side of the marriage. It has been 2 years since we have children. So, in these 2 years, we have just got married. Everyone is having children. So, when I came with my child, I thought, everyone is asking for children. So, I thought, everyone is asking for children. So, we have children. That is how it is. That is how they are. So, from the next question, we have 2nd child. We don't want 2nd child. So, when I came with my child, everyone was asking for 2nd child. So, I thought, what are they doing? If they have a child, let them see. Why are they asking for our child? They are getting scared. So, we have an anecdote about the child. So, the matter of Manal. Yes. We have a wife now. She is married. We have to call her by name. Or, many times. We will call her at maximum. We won't call her. But, if we open her. She will be there. She is not going anywhere. That is the belief of the people. We will call her. Whatever we call her, she will look after her. He will be there when she is free. We are not going anywhere. What is the husband? He should leave by 8 am That is his job, he should leave safely We should not blame others when we were going for another trip You can go in a car. It won't be a problem for me I am so late. I came here only because I spoke with friends They are not understanding Vijattu Curry Menyo Menyo Aup Aup కతంమిసి మిమిచూచలొలున౔సి మనిసిసితసి ఉని మనికూటిబుసాలి కిమమిమనాలూ చారంవిఇసిసి dh keysallows as it is සිටර සිතා සිතා යෙමාවින් ූෙම෗ින් සසාවන්ිතාක්,ටිර න්තාඅුක්ණාරේ්නක්න්න කර් රරුක්බායිරන්නක්නෙනුක්නින්නාරනුක්නක්නන්න්රේ්න්� अगधखाूऊयंं कया Kumar  TJ ऀदिख नियर बाजकऊarea। प् masc f अघ attend रफ whatever अदیں अदottle ੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱੱ 好 ഗൎരൊൕ ഗൎവൎ മന്നുൎോെൊൾ്െോ കി്ചൎയ്ച്്ു മന്ച്്്്ു൅ മന്ച്ച്േസ്്്്്്്്്്ു്്്്്ു്ു്്്്്്്� भिरकोदII। ... ... ... ... ... It is very sad because of it. I am very sad that this is going to be over. I will have to work with it. I was very misorganised. Because of all the things I did. I am very sad that people watch videos from different angles. It is so annoying. I thought about doing it as a scratch. Then I came home in the morning and watched it. My mother went to my study. She wanted to see me and see it. I asked her to watch it. වාසනා තාවාඁම් වැණ්ිම් ටාලික්ේ් එතෙසියිහම්ියික්සන්ිම්ින්.  And then, for them, Vaidhar, Didi, Shalika, Aishwarya, they are very sad, why are they playing like this? And then, when they go and play with us, they ask us, why are we playing like this? And then, we laugh. So, at one point, Didi said, you are like a fraud couple. You play with our friend, You have no problem at all. On the day of yesterday, they had a guilt. Oh no! Now, after us, we are ready for this. I think, every marriage is part and parcel of it. There is a bigger picture of it, which matters. I think, in the last 10 years, we have grown together. At that time, we have not been together for even a day. That is my problem. I am the only one who can do it. That is an interview. I am not telling you to ask again. The next question I want to ask is, The journey was long. It was passed before taking 6 years and 8 months.  It would have been a 6 years preparation. You faced a lot of failures. You went to India in 2007 and lost. At that time, you did not feel like telling. Again, we have to go ahead with our life. Have you ever felt like this? You have been told that you will be left behind. Have you ever felt like suggesting? No. I have never seen such a person who can't study. I have never seen such a person who can't study. I have always said that, No matter how many attempts you take, no matter how many attempts you take, there are people who need you. I have never said that. I have never said that. I have never said that. I have never said that you have to spend little time for small work, in order to follow the child's thoughts, and have a great time. I have never said that. I have never said that because it's a positive or negative. I have never said that. It is the last time you have said that, your health is in a mess. You are living, and having a job. It is almost like that. So, you have asked rather than asking, So, I said, why did you get this much? Did you write one last time? Last time, I wrote it. Last time, I wrote it. I think it is enough to write this. But in that... See, we always talk about Minnoon. We always talk about Minnoon's answers. Minnoon's writing is beautifully she writes answers. So, I didn't get any back-to-back problems. So, I said, the time you clear problems, you will be in list. We always talk about it. So, Minnoon always thought the decision was not to be in the list. Ultimately, it was your choice. The decision was not to stop at this point. Before this, I always thought I want to focus on my family because I have a job. You know, UPS's preparation is a struggle. Physically, emotionally, mentally. So, I always thought I should stop. I am always a security guard. I am an average student, so I am a person who doesn't know anything about sports. I have never thought about my life. Even though I am not in my family, I am happy to live. I am a student who doesn't know anything about sports. I always say that I am an average student. What about you? I got a formal life touch because I wasn't confident. Who would've thought about this? I have always said that I am an average student. But I have never thought about it. I also say that I involved in a programme during college. He said, you don't need. He said, you don't need, I just finished my study and I am exhausted, tens of abolية congratulations , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , sauce cool aye a ᵍ ᶜᵕᶱᵇᶂm ᶠᵈἜἕᶠᵊᶮᵝ ᶜᵜᶠᵖᵏmᶻ ᶜᶠᶰᶠᶚ ᵩᵍᵓᵈᵏᶯᶿ�OT Is it correct? Yes How much standard are you studying? I am studying in 2nd grade Which school? Jodhisthana school Kalkuttathana Okay Which exam do you know? I have done IAS exam What will your mother do as a collector?  As I still go to office, as I除 to pay my shopping every hours to people who want hahaha I structure my business and in the early days are organizing because they wouldn't make money there. I didn't like New York town at my mother's home It's like I was enjoying posting on my family I was happy when we joined as a family We are waiting for the action of the program There are a lot of negative messages Woman and people is beating.. I dunno any toxic messages This positive message Mail full of messages I tkown구 inemon , i run unique life , as per the we are going to do in residence in any case, as a family congratulations I have one last question Shankaraisan is doing interview so you are all part of Shankar family snacks on your way to eat Jackson is going to pick up and drop off because he is coming to Jyots 많이 what your family's about Shankar family All are very cooperative. I am at the side of Shankar. I have been there for a long time. I know Madhav very well. I know him very well. I have been there personally. I have been there for a long time. Madhav has a very good personality. He is a musketeer. He is a city guy. He has a very good voice. He is very cooperative. I am always saying that it is my home away from home. I always tell my brother that he is very concerned. I have a problem with my B.P. I have to call and ask for something to drink. I have to drink the juice. I have to drink the juice. I have a point. I have to clean it. I have a bed over there. It is raining and I am home away from home. I am not afraid to go there. I know that they have taken care of me well. I used to go to school for fun. When I started studying, I was 55 kg. I was 70 kg after the interview. I used to go to Shankar after that. It is a very beautiful place. It is a nice place. I don't know if we can talk in personal talk with Arjun. My life is the most tranquil place where I am sitting. There is a corner called Minnu. I get inspiration from there. I used to tell that I will not be inspired to study in Minnu. I will miss all the reading rooms, kaseyarayas and all. But I am happy because it is a good missing. In the future. Thank you so much. Do you want to go to America? Which luxury car do you want? I want to buy 10 crores for the first time. We have a personal conversation in the car. I don't know the name of the car. We know the name of the car. I don't know the name of the car. Amma, are you an IS officer? No. I am a workshop assistant. That is the spirit. I like cars. Every job is great. Thank you, Minnu. Thank you, Doodle. All the very best.


Naaaaa It's just a picture, see? That's why I see it. It's even looking at us. Tell them and give them some trees. I've got the height, this is the medium one This is the most huge one. This is the highest that you have. Can I go first? You've got it. This is the medium one. And I say, this is the only type you see in Maha. Maha size you have. 1,520 sq. 200 sq. Okay, sumagi, now you can sit.


Hey, what's good y'all should boy down from the down showing friends that we back for another k-pop music video reaction Do you see what we got? What's popping? Yes, sir Yes Just leaning I might be like this watching the video. Oh my goodness. I'm ignoring him. Anyway, this is what we got We got a tease Well, we got wave. Yeah, we got wave dance practice shot them back to be You're good. So we're gonna do the dance practice today for y'all Please make sure you please comment. Please share. Please subscribe and please keep loving us Also, plus ring that bail ring the bail so every time that does every time we drop something be like, oh my god Something new video. Oh, it's not. I'm wondering. Yeah. Why am I doing this? I don't know. It's not so No idea. That's like 2018 right All right, so look let's go ahead and get started on this right now, but we are so close to 10,000 subscribers 10,000 we don't get there share this channel. Yes We're gonna go and talk to the fans all of them family members. Oh, yes We almost a 10,000 y'all. Yeah, and we got everything queued up. Yeah Let's go ahead and get right into it volume is up Here we go. Let's get it See what we're working with Shout out to the ocean wave, right? I like that studio.  He was in sync with everybody Nice. Oh my god. I want to keep going. I want to keep going. Let's just keep watching. Yeah, let's keep watching I Like some remember the time. Yes That little step So listen y'all go back to like 108 and check out his slide when he went back and it was rippling down It was so disrespectful They're really smooth they really smooth Uh-huh. See what the Afro beats, uh-huh This transition hey, I would say this. What's up? I would say a teases transitions are always like that's their That's our little niche. Yeah, like this transitions are always fluid bro flawless I like it at the beginning when you talk about the dude slid. He went in his part When he stepped his whole body slid over Went over to that transition Smoothie went in watch who even knowing Like it didn't look like somebody was like, oh, excuse me in the way. It just it came right into the choreography I'm jealous. I'm mad. I'm mad. I have a problem We have issues Okay, what we got? Okay more storyboard type of walk away.  So low part boom coming in. Oh Way to mark your spots way to mark your spot. That's nice. Oh All right, look check this out. Oh, looky.  I Do want to watch the music video. Just see what they make out of it. I understand at the same time I'm like, it's choreography so dope. I like like I Don't know if they're gonna show all of it. Well, they should show all of it. It's all beastie. Yeah You know, but you do know like unfortunately be the devil's advocate When whatever story line they got set up for the videography, they're gonna do the concept more than more concerned about the Choreography, what's it? What's it make sense? Yeah. Yeah, like just to be a devil that kid I paused it because I wanted y'all to kind of like know this like I want to just give a shout-out to How they're practicing and how all these groups that we keep seeing killing it like When they did that ripple if you go back like two minutes and 15 seconds that that setup where they mark They spots when the choreography was perfect. It looked like a movie like they set that up Like it was a magnet like they just got a lot of spots You go right here right here right here at this foot at this inch and it looked a great So if they was messing up, I want to be in the tail. Let me have the tape on the floor.  I'm talking to the ones that's like learning That's so spot get there. Yeah, like yeah, you know how to get there But if you don't know dancing you like I think I want to be in a dancer I want to get into a group. Are you making the recording choreography? Yeah, you could make marks work on your Shapes work on your marks and you can even draw them out like how you want your shapes to be for your I definitely did out like my first big piece for I am dance. Mm-hmm. It's about like 20 of us Yeah, it was it was about 20 of us. We had to put the tape on the floor But the table floor just to get the marks. So we just want to give you that that was a quick tip Let's get back into the video It kind of set up Come to that climax. Yeah Very groovy got the afro That that that Ah, that's my favorite part. I like that A lot of smooth movements, man Hey Okay, dude in the back getting ready. Yep. He coming. Yeah, give it a y'all give it y'all You know, you're about to go off. Look, they want to go off.  It's a lot of that walk Mike used to do that walk a lot Yeah, Michael Jackson used to do that walk a lot I Speck nothing less To these ripples man. Yo life for real. I speck nothing less for these ripples, man I love a ripple. It gets me every time. I'm a sucker for a ripple Yeah, especially when you show how creative you can be with it. Exactly. It can be the most simple thing a ripple But how do you make that ripple? Plus how you get in and get out as well because some people make the ripple and just walk away from the hole Why do y'all do that? At least do like a spin or a slide. Give me something Like You can't just give me Just like half of the cake. Just give me the whole damn cake. Okay.  Yeah, I was enjoying it. Yo It's the fastest three minutes of my life I enjoyed that one. I enjoyed that one, man. All right. That was pretty cool. Okay, cheese got a little house Afro afro Put some Michael in there. I see now all through there. Yeah, you know what I'm saying Mike all day RIP anything else you're saying in that we had great great marks great transitions Because you gotta Love the ripples. It's yeah I got nothing to say if you good at it keep doing if you good at it keep doing it Yes, so look y'all Looks like we will be doing the music video as well So be on the lookout for that one. You know, but we want to make sure we drop these dance practices You know, we've been dropping a couple of music videos. Yeah. Yeah.  Yeah, we're the dance practice that we a They're coming. We were in the comments. We were in the comments. We just want to give y'all a couple music videos Yeah, we'll give you a couple dance practice. Listen. We uh, we're we're learning. We're exploring You know, we'll take you on the journey with this. You know You know, so we gotta hit a couple music videos here here.  Yeah All right. Look, we're gonna get our body here. Please make sure you hit that bell Please make sure you subscribe. Please make sure you share Please keep showing this love.  Stay positive. Love yourself. Eat good. Be yourself. Sleep good. All right Genuine love, baby. All right. We out there y'all. Good food. Good food. Definitely. Oh, yeah Can't leave that one out. Yeah. All y'all peace. Peace


So, hello everybody and welcome to the last session of this hackathon, the last presentation at least. Today we will present some of the featured NFCore pipelines, the pipelines that have been mostly used or that have been recently incorporated into NFCore. First Maxime Garcia will introduce us to Sarek, a workflow for detecting general and thematic mutations in whole genome sequencing and whole exome sequencing. Then Alex Peltzer will follow with an introduction to the RNA-seq pipeline and Harshil Patel will introduce us to the viral recon pipeline, the newly added pipeline that has been a contribution of Heman NFCore to sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 new virus. So we are excited about this and also about Björn Gröning's talk afterwards about biocontainers and bioconda. So, welcome Maxime and we look forward to Sarek's introduction. Thank you. So, yes, I'm going to talk about Sarek, I would like to thank Gisela and everyone over there for giving me the opportunity to present Sarek here. So I work at the Swedish childhood tumor biobank in Sweden in Stockholm. I do also sit all the time within SILIFE lab which is a national center for molecular bioscience in Sweden and I'm working closely with national genomics infrastructure. And we are also working, collaborating quite closely with NBIS which is another infrastructure but very specific for bioinformatics. And I think for me as a bioinformatician and I think for this whole community reproducibility is very central and that was very what was in our mind when we decided to start Sarek. So what is Sarek? It's a park, a national park in northern Sweden which is a very complicated landscape. And we figured that such a landscape was a good analogy for the genomic landscape that we wanted to explore. So that's why our pipeline has the name Sarek. And Sarek, yes, and every release of Sarek is based on the place within the national park. So that's why we have this very fancy release name and not the usual release name that you can find in the other pipelines. So Sarek, it's an open source and a slow pipeline that we started at NGI in collaboration with NBIS and we support for Bantumorbanken. Since we are in NFCOR we've got plenty of other developers that are helping us. I think I can talk about like plenty of developers from Cubic and from other institutes as well. I'll mention that in my next presentation but yes, this is another one, so sorry about that. So it's written in next law. I don't think there's any need for any introduction on that slide so let's go to the other one. So Sarek has multiple flavors. You can analyze normal sample with just the germline part of Sarek or you can analyze tumor in a normal pair with Sarek somatic and Sarek works for wall genome sequencing, wall exome sequencing or also targeted sequencing. So within Sarek it's fairly simple. It doesn't seem simple when you look at the code but basically what we do within Sarek is that for the preprocessing we follow the JTK best practice. So I think the latest release is following the JTK 4.1.7 if I'm not mistaken. So it means that we read the map to the reference genome with BWA. We then mark the duplicate with pk-mark-duplicate and we do the recolibration with the JTK base recolibrator. After that we do some variant calling. So for the germline part we use a prototype color from the JTK. We use Strelka 2 from Illumina. We use Freebase and Mpilup to resolve small indels and SNVs. And we use Manta and Td to find out structural variants. For the somatic variant calling we use Mutec 2 from the JTK, Strelka 2 from Illumina, Freebase as well. We discover the structural variant with Manta. We assess the sample heterogeneity, plurid and copinamere variation with Ascat and Control Freak. And we do have information about the micro-satellite instability with MSI sensor. Then from the variant calling we do some annotation using a VIP and SNIP effect. So which gives us access to plenty of different databases. And then of course we are gathering all the different reports from all the different tools into a final MutecQC report. So this is our workflow in a more explainable figure. I guess you've seen this one lately. What we are working on also at the moment is trying to work on prioritization. So that will be one of the future developments that we are trying to work. The idea is to be able to rank all the variants and to help the clinician figure out which variant could be relevant or not. So that should be coming I guess next year or something like that. It's quite complicated. So what is coming soon? We've been working a lot on this hackathon. So we fixed a couple of bugs. We added the BWRA Mem2 in the Dev branch as well. And we are working with Gzela and Felerike on DSL2, which is actually quite fun. And I'm very looking forward to that. And I think that will be my big project for the summer. What is coming next as well will be more tools, trying to have more downstream preprocessing of the final VCFI and maybe also a connection to SCOOT, which is a visualization tool that other teams are using here in Sweden. We did use Sarek a lot in Sweden. So this is what I know of. So if other people are using Sarek, do tell me. I will know how many people are using Sarek. But for us within the Biobank, we are using Sarek to analyze all our tumor and normal sample. At NGI, we use that to process all the normal samples and the tumor normal pairs. And it was also used to analyze 10,000 normal samples from the 3GEN dataset. And we are working with GMS, Genome Medicine Sweden, to figure out some tools to analyze cancer sample as well. So that's a development that I'm looking forward to. We do have an article that we published earlier this year in F1000 Research. It has been approved by 2pRedu, so we were quite happy with that. If you want to get involved, you know the drill. We're on Slack. We're on GitHub. You already know all the address for that, so that should be fairly simple. Yes, so I would like to thank all the institutes I'm in depending form, all the different institutes that are involved within NFCore, all the contributors that are working on NFCore as well. And also all the contributors that are working on Sarek. Yes, if you have any question, I'm here to answer. Thank you very much, Maxime. We got a really good idea about Sarek now. And I can definitely tell you that we use it at Qwik a lot. We have used it for a lot of our, it's the only pipeline that we use for a whole exome and whole genome sequencing. So thanks for the developments. And it was, it's also really fun contributing to it. So Phil Iwilze is asking, can you talk about simple genomes? Can I use it on my E.coli? Yes, so we started working on that, the thing that was last year, maybe a little bit more. So actually you can use Sarek. The prepositing will run following the JTK best practice and you actually just need a FASTify. So as a reference genome, you just need a FASTify. So you can potentially run Sarek on any genome if you have a FASTify. We are also, I have like, we are getting quite big and bigger community. So depending on what people ask us to do, we are adding multiple features like to skip the mark duplicate if you're working with Amplicons, to be able to just do the mapping step and then do the variant calling from the BAM that are just mapped. If you want to work on a genome, an organism that hasn't been analyzed a lot yet. So for example, you don't have any non-variant or stuff like that. And then you can do another round of prepositing with the variants that you discover. So we are working on stuff like that. So if you have any other features that you want to add, don't hesitate to put out some issues and stuff. What about if we want to use another species that is not right now supported but is part of iGenomes? I think we added all of this, most of the species that were within iGenome because you basically just need the FASTify. So I think I added all the FASTify that were on iGenome on Sarek, but I haven't tested everything because I don't have data for every organism. Perfect. That's great. So what if I want to use Centi-on? What is Centi-on again? Okay. So Centi-on is a proprietary solution that they claim that they can give you the same result as JTK best practice and BWA, but with faster response type, with faster prepositing. We do use that for clinical setting at the Biobank. So I did enable the usage of Centi-on within Sarek. Basically, we currently have like two parallel chain of processes that can run with Centi-on or without Centi-on. But to run Centi-on, you need to have Centi-on installed on the machine that you're running Sarek on. For us, on our own server, it's installed with a module system. And we use NFCore config repository to have a specific config for Sarek for our own cluster that load the module for Centi-on. It can be done if anyone else has access to Centi-on. I can help them do a specific config profile for that and that way anyone can use it as well. Perfect. So you just add it to the path and then you can just execute the path? That's fairly simple. But I'm guessing that with the BidualBoolway MIM2, we will see some improvement as well. And I'm hoping that the difference will be slightly shorter. So Phil is asking, how do you test a pipeline? Is it only miniature tests, data sets or something more? Okay, so currently what we are doing is that we are doing only CI testing with mini data sets. But I know that at NGI, we are doing some testing as well. But that's not what I'm doing at the moment. I would love to be able to have some validation tests. We are working on that with you, actually, and with other people at NFCore to do some real-size tests with real-size data sets on AWS. But yes, for the moment we are still working on that. I think we are getting ready. We just need to figure out which data set to use, actually. Yeah, that's a good reminder from Phil that we should finally find a big data set so we can run full-size tests. I think maybe we can try a genome in the bottle or stuff like that. Yeah, exactly. 4,000 genomes are.


Let's discuss the importance of prior knowledge, which is also called Schema theory. Although this is a very brief module and it may not be sufficient to discuss Schema theory, but you may have heard its significance in some of the other courses, Schema theory, especially reading and writing courses. And what are its implications for teaching L2 writing? Schema theory is all about activating the prior knowledge of the students in an organized and balanced manner. And within Schema theory, we can make the use of first language, but to what extent this is what let's discuss now. Different texts have different purposes and different writers have different tones, styles, voices. So, within Yon Ra theory, we have writing for complaint, writing as an apology or others. So there are categories. So these formal categories are actually activated within prior knowledge, within Schema theory. So this is called activating students' knowledge about a topic, knowledge of the grammar, knowledge of the mechanics of writing in an organized manner. And of course, this knowledge is accompanied by some feelings and it's up to the teacher how they actually manage this knowledge in the classroom for better and effective writing classes. So activating the Schema or the prior knowledge refers to both the content and form. Content means the ideas about the topic. For example, if students are asked to compare and contrast habits of dogs and cats, so their schematic knowledge about comparative devices will be activated. They will be asked to list number of phrases which offer comparison and contrast in, for example, as compared to on the other hand, in much the similar way. So these are some of the devices which are there in the minds of the students and which makes us see students not empty vessels or empty slits. And the notion given by Chomsky. So this knowledge of the content and form, form is the mechanics of writing, the syntactic rules, laxical items. So let's not accept our students treat them as empty slits. Rather they have something to share, they have something in their mind which we as language teachers need to activate when they write texts actually, what's the purpose of the text. So activating the prior knowledge has its implications for both language teacher and the students because it makes writing a pleasure experience, experience which lasts long. So prior knowledge will help students understand their responses to the text and their understanding of the texts actually. For example, and activating the schema depends upon the context in which it's being activated. Different contexts require different schema. For example, if you want to activate the schema of students regarding a cooking recipe. So they will naturally know that it will list some of the items to be used, some of the items to be used for cooking a dish. So if they are experienced, if they can know it better, if they are not experienced, they may struggle. So it actually depends upon the context. So teachers should make conscious efforts. They should take steps to make texts and topics understandable and meaningful for the students. And the purpose is not to do the schema in one class and forget it in the second class and third class, rather to continue it and make it a daily habit in almost every lesson. And that will expand their schema and that will make them self-regulated learners or writers of English.


Thank you, Cornelia. So good morning, everyone. So Esther, what is this? How does it work? And where is it coming from actually? So that's a bit why we are here. First, Esther is something new of course. It's part of a this new navigation route that Europe is embarking on in order to reform reference rates. So here we have this constellation of things. So around the center of the galaxy, which is the benchmark reforms in Europe. So of course, the overnight is the first point on the curve. So there that's the primary problem in a way. So that's the reform of Eonia, which is at stake, and then they move that the ECB took to produce an overnight rate. So here we are engaged as an actor, an active one. Then we have the terms. So then the terms Uriber reform, EMMI, so the hybrid methodology. So that's also part of the constellation. We have the working group on a risk-free term rate. So that's also extremely actively engaged in this. All these things will finally need to be put in place and to be addressed on the transition issues. So to move from from a market perspective, from a technical perspective, processes, valuations to the new rates, and also, of course, EMI's legal risks. Change is always risky. Sometimes. Right, so that's going to be my master plan here. So the four points I will speak about. Why are we as ECB involved in this reform? What's the context? What are the constraints? And also the dialogue with the public consultations. Then a few words on how Esther works, methodology and operational aspects. Right, so first, why is ECB engaged in this thing? It's not our primary business, so to say. We are here to implement monetary policy. We have primary objective, price stability. We have monetary policy strategy, also in line, of course, with the strategy. And then we have the implementation. And this is where it starts to connect with overnight rates because, of course, the overnight rate is the first dot-on-the-curve. This is what measures how policy transmission works. So then there is a link between us and indeed, an overnight rate. So why did we decide to step in? There were these AONIA reforms 2016-17 that started to be actual, to be important. Plus also concerns about the fact that AONIA was backed by lower and lower volumes and that this rate, this benchmark, would not be compliant anymore with the new regulation. Banks leaving the panel. So in September 2017, given this momentum, so ECB announced in September that it would produce a new overnight rate based on its MMSR data that we had been collecting since July 16. And that there would be also a working group of the industry in order to look at the risk-free rates, so the terms and which would be what ECB would provide so criteria. So that's why finally we're in because overnight is the first dot that measures how transmission works. Of course, there are also systemic issues behind it, but I can leave that aside. There is a new context in which producing a benchmark rate can be done. It's not like before. First of all, there are these IOSCO principles, global principles. When I say global, it's serious. I mean we're just this morning discussing with a colleague from South Africa. So South African Reserve Bank, which is also working on this. So everyone is impacted. IOSCO principles says say that if you're a benchmark administrator, it's a business which needs to be organized according to certain main ideas like governance. So you need to have an administrator appointed in charge. But this administrator is not doing what he wants. There are controls. There is oversight. So there is doing and being checked. So that's one. You have conditions of benchmark quality. Maybe you have the governance, but you don't have the quality, but you need to have both. Quality, what is it? It's the design of the benchmark and what you are building your benchmark. What's the quality of the underlying data of this benchmark rate? And the hierarchy of inputs. The idea is to have transactions based benchmarks. Fine, but if you don't have transactions, you need to do to integrate other information. So you need to explain how you do this. It's not that you decide today I will take quotes. Today I will take an idea. No, you have to explain how you structure this process. Quality of the methodology. It means that the way that the rate is computed needs to be transparent, needs to be explained. It's not that tomorrow I changed the methodology because I think it's more convenient to me. I need to explain to you that that's the process I will use for the next years. So that there is stability and certainty in the way, in the conditions in which the rate is built. And there are of course you need internal controls and data. So that requires a lot of work actually. So it's not that simple here. Because in the end you have what? You have accountability towards the public. Towards authorities. Auditories, records of actions done. So in the end the norms that this represents are quite stringent. Of course it's not a one-size-fits-all approach. So you can indeed combine hierarchy of inputs. All you need to do is to document and also upgrade let's say the way that the benchmark is built to the risks. Because we are coming from issues like manipulation. So that's the overarching idea of manipulation. DCBs somehow is not too much impacted. I mean we have these high school principles are not relevant for central banks. But we decided to be close to these principles as much as reasonable or necessary. Context, this will be translated in a legal act from the DCB guideline. On top of the MMSR regulation which regulates how the data are collected. But then there will be a legal act that says how the benchmark is built. So there will be an oversight committee overseeing the administrator. Which will be a separate function that will ensure the integrity and the reliability of the computations of the processes. The constraints were in the new world. If we look at how benchmarks were built before and how they need to be built now. If we take a bit of a step back, what does it mean all this? I mean before we had Eonia, we had the old Sonia. How were they built? It was fairly simple. So you could have a publication which was very quick. Because it was built on aggregated data transmitted by the banks. The contributors to the rate. So one number. I have a volume rate I make with the average. So then you can do this at the end of the day. One issue we faced in the public consultation is why don't you produce the rate at the end of the day like Eonia? There is a constraint because actually now the rates are built differently. We use granular data like the new Sonia, like the OBA4 in the US. Those rates are produced the day after at 9 o'clock because you have to aggregate hundreds or even thousands of data. In the US as well, the new benchmark will be the SOFR. SOFR will be published at 8 o'clock, secure benchmark. But it will be published on the basis of already confirmed information coming from the trading platforms on the secured US market. But anyway, this one is also the day after. So in the end there is something that is changing is when you get the information, when you get the rate. So for Ester it will be the day after that the rate of today will be known. So it will be tomorrow. Tomorrow is Saturday so it does not work. It will be Monday. Before 9 o'clock in the morning. For example, to illustrate this constraint it takes time to collect the data. So again we use MMSR data to build Ester. So here on this chart you see how the volumes that we receive progresses overnight. In MMSR we receive the files between 7 o'clock in the evening to 7 o'clock in the morning the day after. And you see the build up in the volume of information that we receive. So you can see that midnight we are far from even having 50% of the information needed. We are at 30% or so. And then there is not much happening until 3 o'clock in the morning. And finally we get, we cross 50% after 4 o'clock in the morning. Because of course on these data collections you request more info. It's not only trade information, you request as well information which is coming from other databases, other instruments which are not in the same trading systems or in the same reporting systems. The time to gather this for banks, for the industry, it's long. And it takes the night. Therefore it's difficult to say we can publish based on granular data indices on the same day. For UK that's the same, they're exactly the same reporting logic as ours. So that's why all these rates now are going to be published the day after. Right. We had consultations to build our Ester. And the working group on risk free rates also had a consultation as was said to decide. So what will be the new rate that will replace Aeonia? So this I will not repeat. I will skip quickly. But in the end September this year was decided that the Ester will be the replacement of Aeonia at the latest October next year. But this you know already. How Ester works? It's going to be an unsecured rate. Fine. What does it mean? Unsecured is a lot of things. So we have a scope. It's been made public in the consultations. Plus in the statement of methodology. We are speaking about an unsecured of a net rate based on deposits which we use to measure the borrowing cost of the banks. Of the reporting banks. Calculation. Weighted average. With a trimming 25% I will explain later. We have a data sufficiency policy so the day we don't have enough transactions we use the rate and the information of the day before. And we have triggers. 20 banks minimum. Plus a concentration limit. Here we adopted this kind of approach because in the Eurarii it's complex. You cannot say I soups you my market activity in one number which is the volume. Because in various countries you have different national holidays. Bank holidays not on the same moment sometimes you don't have as much traffic as usually in certain countries because there is a banking holiday. So then you have to make your rate let's say hermetic to this kind of risk. So then we look more at the number of banks and concentration to avoid that the rate is biased. Governance and processes. So this I said already. Publication policy. We have more information than is currently done. So today it's right on the volume but we'll say more than this. And then a bit on the timing. So again. And there is also actually available pre-Ester publications that already give you a flavor of what Esther is going to be. If you want to know more there is an excellent website, our website where all this information is so you can look at it. Broadly speaking what do we have? We have in Esther 30 billion per day in terms of volume. So that's quite good actually. Okay it's not as big as the software in the US which is in the range of 800 billion but compared to unsecured 30 billion we think it's good. Based on the data that we already received. So that's something that allowed us to build that. So we thought that we have enough volumes with the scope that we've got. Trimming at 25% so it looks a bit bizarre. What does it mean? Does it mean that we eliminate 25% of the information or 50% of the information? Because we indeed may lose data. So that was also a point that we received during the consultations. So if you look at the weight work so very quickly. The trades of the day you have your bulk of trades on this day. So we saw the trades by rates and volumes. So we start by increasing the rate and the associated volumes. So here it's a fictitious example. And you see that you have basically this universe of trades. So you have 25% at the higher tier and 25% of the volumes and rates at the lower range. These ones are not taken so they are filtered away in order to compute the rate because we compute the rate on the basis of what's in the middle. But of course if I want to have the middle I need the extremes in the end. So we don't eliminate the extremes. We filter them out from the calculation of the rates but they are part of the universe that we are using to define how we compute the rate. So we don't lose data. That's a very important point because it doesn't mean that we eliminate transactions. We don't take into account all transactions for the computation of the rate. That's different. As a result Esther is quite stable. That's the light blue here compared to Aeonia. And we see that we have less let's say of course vulnerability to individual factors or contributions. In the end the rate is pretty stable. Is it too stable in a way? We have also to have our view on this. We think no because indeed the rate is that stable. You could say okay it's not good. But actually that's the current situation how it is. Given the excess liquidity in the market. Given the forward cadence of the ECB. So why should you have a night jump every day by 10 basis points? No fundamental reasons. So we quite agree with this outcome. Volumes 30 billion fairly steady. Higher than Aeonia. And we can see that indeed we are in the range of 30-35 billion. There was a top at 44 billion. The lowest was 16 billion. So in the end that's quite good. It falls volumes falling at quarter end or your end. So that's also in line with our experience of market activity. If we look a bit at past data. So this is Esther looking a bit at what did it return as numbers. So in the end we had a rate indeed between 42.6 and 47.4 basis points. Volume range, number of trades. You see that it's around an average 400 trades per day. And the number of banks contributing relatively sufficient. And you can see that this contingency triggers that we have. Minimum 20 banks. Maximum 75% concentration for the five most active banks. We never hit those thresholds. So we are obviously safe. So we have no lack of transactions that would lead us to publish on a contingency basis. This is very important. Esther will be based on transactions every day. Every day it will work like that because we have enough transactions. Now a bit more operational things. Governance processes. Going to work. Methodology is nice but then you need to make it work every day. So every day it has to be boring because it has simply to work how it should. In the end it looks simple but then it's a process. So ECB administrator rate will be resulting from automated processes and also some more manual feedback loops. I will explain a bit. We'll have a methodology that will be regularly revised or reassessed. So does it work? Is the trimming 25% good? Should I modify this? Should I modify my scope? Have more instruments? Let's see. So there will be regular reassessments of that and how that works. In case we observe that there is a need to change, there will be public consultations. And importantly the rate will be publicly available on the website so then it will be available for free. It's not bad. Yes, how do we guarantee quality? Because we can say we guarantee quality. Nice, it's a statement but it has to be done. So the combination of automatic and manual things. So green is automatic. Automatic is good. It's green. So that's all which has to do with the reception of data. So the files and the integrity checks. All this will be done by systems like it is done currently in MMSR. Nothing new. We don't reinvent the wheel. We improve it. We make it more round. Rate possibility checks will be... We are going to use algorithms that will tell us if some traits need to be verified or not because they look like they deviate from what we expect given the previous patterns of the reporting agents. So there will be some automatic flags. So... And then that would suspend from the computation of the rate these operations, these transactions that look not in line with the previous patterns. The idea is that we build a rate among the data what we have seems to be sufficiently reliable to be used to measure properly the underlying interests, so the cost of funding. So we park outside things which look not in line. Automatic. Plus manual is blue. Then there's the feedback loops. So your system will call the banks. So in case we identify that a trade does not look like it should, first it's suspended let's say from being taken in the computation of the rate but then there will be contacts to get confirmation from the bank. Is the trade that you reported for yesterday, is it correct? Not correct. Is it what it looks like? And then depending on the confirmation or not from the bank then the rate can be reintegrated, the transaction, sorry, can be reintegrated in the computation of the rate to have more info and make the rate better but if we cannot have this confirmation we don't take it. So this is the manual part. Which is there to achieve good level of quality. So we'll try to combine speed, timeliness and quality. Info that we are going to give to the markets. Rate determination type of information. Of course the rate. There is a rate first so we should start with that. Three decimals like Aeonia will give also the total volume on which the rate has been built. The number of transactions and the mode in which we computed that. Is it normal or contingency? And a bit more numbers. Number of banks. The share of the volume of the largest five banks to illustrate that we don't use contingency. And raise distribution. So here some info on the rate at the 25th and 75th percent types. So with that we think that we explained quite well every day what we're going to do. Transparency also. It's not simply a slogan so there will be a communication because I mean as administrator we have a commitment to communicate a bit and say a bit how the rate was built. So there will be regular quality reports. Of course if there is no reports, no errors to report then there is nothing to say. Sorry. Now there will be errors between 0.1 and 2 basis points so there where we say okay then in for example in the previous quarter on that day the rate which was published was deviating by half a basis point from what it should have been. That's something of course. And then there are the errors superior to 2 basis points. In case we spot that in the course of the morning we see that the rate is wrong by 2 basis points or more then we simply republish until 11 o'clock in the morning and this is why the feedback from the banks is important. And that's my last slide. So simply linking what we are going to do in Esther and what the working group and the industry is going to do with it. But this is the next step. I think that was it.