Live from Washington D.C., it's theCUBE, covering .NEXT Conference, brought to you by Nutanix. We're back, welcome to Nutanix.NEXT, NEXTConf, hashtag NEXTConf. This is theCUBE, the leader in live tech coverage. We go out to the events, extract the signal from the noise, my name is Dave Vellante and I'm joined by my co-host, Stuart Minerman. Mike Day is here as the CEO of PXP Solutions, a financial services company and a customer of Nutanix. Mike, thanks for coming to theCUBE. My pleasure. Tell us a little bit more about PXP Solutions. And we're a payment gateway, which is a part of the financial services industry that most people don't even think about. But if you think about going into a store, going into a hotel, presenting a card, we're the bit between there and the bank. So, talk about mission critical piece of service. That is a very complicated process. It involves many banks, many card schemes, visa mastercard and so forth. So we actually have to be the piece between the retailer or the merchant, the consumer and the bank. So, in thinking about your industry, some of the drivers and changes of the industry, how is that affecting your strategy with regard to information technology? For us, it was about expanding our business. We came from that really old three tier model, big investments, they're a lumpy IT. We're moving more and more to a global business. We worked in the US, we have some big retailers here, we're involved in the EMV rollout for the US. And that creates demands on us where we have to have processing in the locality. So we had to create a new infrastructure here in the US. So we had taken up hosted space in New Jersey and we had to build a whole new processing infrastructure. I don't want to have teams here. Nothing personal, I know that we're a small business, we don't want to have teams dotted around the world, which means I have to think about getting manageable IT in the right territory. So Mike, I hear things like that and it comes to mind, well, why don't you just use the public cloud or what is the edge implications of what you're doing? Edge computing has been talked about a lot. So maybe sketch out for us a little bit about kind of the scope of what you do and do you tie into the public cloud? I think of like CDNs, are you related to that? What do you deal with and what don't you deal with? An interesting conversation is one I've had with the public cloud vendors. For us, it's all about PCI scope. You'll get all the merchants talking about this. It's about card data. There's a lot in the press about companies being compromised. We provide secure processing. So the sooner that card is either on somebody's webpage or it's delivered into a page, we encrypt that data. Now, if we start putting that encrypted data and those tokens and card records, and we've managed over a billion card records into the public cloud, that brings that cloud infrastructure into scope of PCI. You don't want to be doing that. So we kind of have to use our own infrastructure, but we want to leverage, or leverage, it's a nice American way of saying it, we want to get some leverage to say that we want all the benefits of public cloud, but we need to do it ourselves. Now, I'm sure a public cloud vendor will say, oh, we can be PCI compliant. Right this time, we don't want to do that. So we have a cloud solution, but it's our cloud. Okay, so you're essentially trying to mimic that public cloud experience on-prem. Yeah. And so presumably that's where Nutanix comes in. That's their whole message. Absolutely. So can you maybe take us through how you, where you came from and where you are now, how you got there? Okay, again, the benefits of being a small business, the benefits of being an ex-CIO means that we can make decisions quite quickly. You're not going through layers of the CTO and his infrastructure guy and the SQL guy and so forth. You can play fast and lose.  We had a big sand, so you had lots of single points of failure actually in the process, and we needed to do something different. We'd been bumping into Nutanix, and they were very aggressive three years ago, as you can imagine, as a new entrant. They did the puppy dog sale, here, have one, see how you get on. We deployed that. We were going to do a VDI deployment, which seems to be how most people start, but actually we thought, why? Why do you do that? So we went straight to heavy lifting, and we put production into our production environment, into Nutanix, and immediately kitted out the two new data centers with Nutanix kit. It means that whole storage compute piece has gone from our daily management. Okay, and Mike, can you talk about the operational model? You said, especially, you've got some remote sites that you don't even want anybody there. How many people do you have managing this? How's that different from the old Sam days that you had before? I hesitate. Six people operate our entire infrastructure. They're not located anywhere near the infrastructure. The infrastructure's in the London, Docklands, and in New Jersey. We go to New Jersey for physical inspections once a year. Everything else is done remotely. Yeah, I'm from New Jersey originally. I understand why people don't want to go there too often, but... It's a nice place to visit. So does it live up to that invisible infrastructure that Nutanix, what do your people and operators, what do they touch, what don't they have to worry about? Okay, so if I give you a scenario where we obviously have processing in more than one data center, one of the things that we need to be able to do with that processing is to move stuff, either for reasons of operational requirements where you're trying to take a part of your infrastructure down for maintenance, or if you had a disaster recovery incident, you need to be able to move your processing into these different DCs. What we can do and what we do on a regular basis is actually we will ship our processing between the different stacks in the different locations, and that's a press of a button. I mean, obviously our infrastructure and our systems and solutions are designed to operate in that way, but literally we can move processing to a new data center, and in terms of consumer experience, no change. Technically there's about a half a second delay, but half a second, no problem at all. So we can move stuff between data centers, and we do that on a regular basis. Mike, you mentioned that initially you were considering just doing a VDI workload, kind of testing the waters, and you decided, let's just go for it. What were your concerns at that point? I think the concerns for us was, does it live up to the hype? We were being given lots of figures, lots of, like all the vendors were doing, telling us how much quicker it would be, how much less compute we would need, how cheap it would be, but only when you do this thing in real life, when you actually do some real heavy lifting, when you start installing SQL servers into a Nutanix environment, does it work? I had a queue of people telling me, don't do it, it's going to be a disaster. And we did it, and it wasn't a disaster, it was outstanding. We always talk about the labor cause. As a former CIO, you know how labor-intensive IT is. And our premise is, when we describe mimicking cloud on-prem, our premise has always been, and our research indicates that a lot of the savings are in the productivity of the IT people, you can shift those resources elsewhere. Guys like you are trying to do digital transformations, which sounds like such a buzzword, but it's actually starting to gain foothold, it's a real deal. And you can't be doing loan provisioning and fund that, and fund these analytics and data-driven transformations. So, is that a correct premise? Did it have a sort of major business impact on your IT staff? It does, I mean basically what it means now is our guys can get on and do the fun stuff. When we started doing this, they all thought they were losing jobs and we were going to be cutting headcount. We were never doing that, because we never got out of the soup. The IT guys wouldn't understand this, you spend all day fighting fires, you never get to do the fun stuff. All we've managed to do is, we've managed to get to the point that our fundamental processing is just solid. We can deploy servers at the click of a button, we can move servers between data centers at the click of a button, we can do the stuff that everybody aspires to, but then those guys can then go and do the fun stuff. What's the fun stuff? The fun stuff for us is the analytics. It's using tools like Splunk to truly understand what's going on, getting predictive in what we do. That's the fun stuff. Were the skill sets of the guys who were putting out fires with the infrastructure compatible with the fun stuff, or did you have to reskill? We trained. It's very easy to take a bunch of guys that you've always asked to do one job, then change the job and then assume the guys are bad guys. That's not how it works. I do think it's 80% personality, 20% skill. You can fill it in. So what we did was the guys who had been previously just firefighting, it took a while, and it took a while for them to trust us that we weren't really taking them into a trap of some sort, but we reskilled them. We didn't just bring new people in. Would you feel like you would have had to hire more people if you didn't? Yeah. Make this move? I'd say we couldn't have actually deployed in the model we're currently deployed to with the people we have. We were looking for operational efficiency, but we want resilience. Think about payments. You don't get two chances to take a payment. I mean, it's a very high level. It does not be precise, but in percentage terms, I mean, how much more, what percent more IT labor would you have needed if you didn't make this move? Was it a 10% factor, 20%, 50%, double? Remember, a small company, we're talking about six people now, we'd probably need another four or five people. And at one point we had that as vacancies. We've done other things recently. So in terms of our corporate environment, we've gone out to Office 365. We're taking away again stuff that doesn't add value to us as a business and pushing that out of what we do. That's a substantial business. It is. So Mike, you seem really happy with Nutanix, but what's on your wish list? What would you like to see from Nutanix or maybe their ecosystem? We've got the big expo floor here. What would make your company's life easier, simpler? I think for us it's just having some clarity as to where they're heading next. They've been an excellent startup. They've been moving the market. They've been ahead of the market. The problem I've always seen is companies as they get to this size, almost like the wave of the market swamps back over them. They start hiring in from all the companies they used to be different to. And it's how do they stop that happening? How do they preserve the essence of what made them dynamic? So you can talk about the functionality, you can talk about the hypervisor. We're an ESX house, we use VMware, but we're now using a crockleys hypervisor in some of our environments. The issue for that is... Any information you can give us is how you make that decision, whether you go ESX or AHV? It's purely down to not so much the capabilities of AHV or ESX. We think AHV from a price point perspective is incredibly attractive. But as you know, everybody's infrastructure isn't just the hypervisor, it isn't just the hardware. It's all of the other ancillary platforms, the security platforms, the FIM platforms and so forth. And until those vendors start saying they support AHV, that's a barrier to us for using it in a production environment. Nutangents are great. They'll say they'll look after us, but no CIO ever got praise for just trusting a guy they met on the street. You've got to be careful. So you want that ecosystem to develop further. Very much so. Whether it's Nutanix, integrating with a particular platform that you need or vice versa. Yes, definitely. And you can see that here, there are some announcements, I know they're coming to that from some of the vendors here, where they have much tighter integration to AHV. That's got to pick up a pace. Well, and that's their philosophy, I would presume, as we're going to write to our API, at least make that open. Now, but somebody's got to write to the API. Absolutely. But fundamentally, it's there. It's not a closed stack, as it were. But there's got to be a compelling client driver for that. So I can understand where these other vendors aren't making, haven't made the investment in the past, because until they know they can make money with a deployment with AHV, why would you invest in that? But I think Nutanix have got to the point now where there's no doubt they're a player. So now you have to be a player. Well, being a public company helps, right? And to see the growth rates, and it just helps with that, sort of advertising the brand, but that takes time, and they're still small companies. Very much so. Mike, you said you started out with VDI, and I kind of got to know it. You kind of look back at what you've done. Are there any surprises or anything you'd give advice to people that are just starting this journey from your learnings? I'll use a really bad analogy that I used last year, and most people don't sort of like it as much as I do. When people start on VDI, and we never did it, we actually have never gone down the VDI route. We looked at it and went, we've got more important stuff, more fun stuff to do. Going down this road, taking a VDI approach, I said it's like driving your Ferrari down the high street. You might think you look cool, but you're not really driving a Ferrari. You know, you've got to take this kid out on the road, and you need to give it some heavy load, because in the early days, the new tax box hated being quiet, that they took time to spool up and so forth. That problem's gone away now, but if you're going to really look at this stuff, and you're going to get proper return on your investment, give it heavy lifting to do, and use it in anger, and don't just take the easy option, the option where you don't have to convince the production guys. Yeah? So I would say that's, for us, the biggest lesson. Absolutely. Find one of those hard problems, throw something meaningful at it. Yeah, and you learn then, you know. How about any thoughts on the event? I mean, it's early, but, you know, it interacts with me. This is my third done next. So they've only had three, so. Okay, so you've been all three in the US. You didn't go to the one in Vienna? I did as well. My head office was in Vienna, so I actually wasn't at the event, but I attended the parties. Okay, even better. What do you get out of events like this? Two things. First of all, we get to understand what's going on. We do get briefings from Nutanix. Obviously, we're quite involved with them, but it's good to hear it, and hear the reaction from other customers. I think more importantly is an opportunity to network with other customers in Nutanix, understand their issues, share ideas. It's a great networking event for like-minded people. And I think, for me, it's worth the trip over to the US to do that. Good, Mike, thanks very much for coming to theCUBE. It was a pleasure having you. Appreciate your insights. Yes. All right, keep right there, everybody. Stu and I will be back at Nutanix.nextconf. This is theCUBE. We'll be right back.


Hello. Hello. My name is Cherish from Shenzhen Technology Company. Okay, I will show our two new models. Why is it from our KXD brand? Yes, this is KXD brand. Yes, KXD brand. Which stands for KXD? Yes. How old is this company? Our company established in 2007. So until now we have been mobile for business over ten years. So this is a, what is the technology here to design? As you can see the glasses is conical glasses so it can't block it. Yeah. And this is a 5.7 inch? Yes. Let me jump around here. 5.7 inch. Octa-core? Yeah. Ship set with Android 8 is possible. So what kind of price are you talking about here? For this model the price is around 120 USD. So that's a no MLQ? Now we may need to promote our brand so no MLQ requirements if do our own brand. So people can order one or 20 or 50 or 100? Yes, sure. Then you have a different design right here? Yes. This is another brand. It's EL, EL in the back as you can see. Yeah. Yeah, EL brand. Like a leather? Yeah. It means enjoy life. Nice. Is it a leather? Yes. It's a real leather. It's a real leather back cover. And with a fingerprint reader right here? Yes. With a fingerprint in the back. Dual camera? Yeah. Dual camera? It's the same chip set. 6, 7, 5, 0. 7, 5, 7. We both can do. What's the difference between 5, 0 and 5, 7? Different chip set. Faster a little bit maybe in 5, 7. Yeah, yeah. So both Alka Core, LG. Yes. Yes. This is how much? For this one the price is around 130 USD. Alright, let's go to a cheaper one. This is also 5.7 inch? Yes, it's also a high level model. The brand is under year. So this is how much? For this one the price is around 120 USD. With a headphone jack, headphone jack, headphone... All of them have a headphone right? Yes. You don't copy Apple and take it away? No, no, no. It's our own design. Yeah. And how about... Do you have a cheaper one? Cheaper one, this one is our entry level. It's really entry level model. How low price? This one the price is around 26 USD. 26 USD with a 6, 5, 8, 0, 4, 4, 7? Yeah. 3G? Yes, 3G. This is 4 inch? Yes. 26 USD. How many phone do you sell every month? Every month is 30 million quantity. Not a million? Yes, 30 million. 30 million? Yes. Every month? Yeah. So big? Yes. Our company total have 8,000 people with factory. And our headquail in Shenzhen with 800 people in our headquail. That is not 30 million? Minio. Yeah. 30 million? Yes. That's very big? Yes. We have 3 factories in China, in Shenzhen, in Sichuan and in Guizhou. And we also have overseas factories in India, in Iran, in South Africa. I think 30 million is too high. I don't think it's possible. That means you sell more than apple. We also... I mean 1 million every day. Did you say 30 or 13? 13. 30? Yeah. Every year maybe? Yeah. And not every month? Yes. Every year. That's pretty good. Yeah. Are you growing? Yeah, sure. Growing every year? Yeah.


Live from San Francisco, extracting the signal from the noise. It's theCUBE, covering Console Connect Live 2015. Sponsored by Console. There's your host, John Furrier. Our flagship program, we go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier, my co-host Jeff Frick here for Console Connect Live 2015. This is the engine room as Jeff was talking about. We're all the innovations happening on a whole modern infrastructure and interconnection. A whole new internet's being built. Gen two, of Gen three, Gen two, whatever you want to call it, the internet's happening right now. Live in San Francisco, of course. Today, Jeff is also the big Apple event. Their biggest event history. Some say some Taylor Swift may be there. Other big names. But if you like Apple, you like Netflix, you get the experience of what's going on. People are unplugging cable. People are now changing how they use the internet. And I think to me, Console Connect is the event where a whole new internet's being re-engineered to provide the kind of quality of service that people expect with native applications like Netflix consumer applications. All moving to the enterprise. And obviously we do videos, so we know about video. Video's the primary app. Pictures and video, rich media is the future. That's how people are collaborating. That's how people are consuming. That's people are playing on the internet. And again, Knob Hill in San Francisco at the Masonic Center is where we're at and we're here with Console Connect. Really a kind of an emerging segment in the technology space. Of course, SiliconANGLES on top of these major trends. We have always picked up the new trends from big data, cloud, whatever, DevOps. This is important because what's going on here will redefine the transport and interconnections around cloud computing, big data, and applications. As applications become more prevalent and pervasive in the enterprise, Jeff, you're going to see a whole new level of engineering. We talked about a VMworld, DevOps, programmatic access to infrastructure. To go down to the root level is the pipes. And the internet really hasn't been reconstructed in generations. This is marks the shift of the re-engineering of the internet and it's really going to be a great event. Again, not all the fanfare, not a big press event because the press aren't on this yet. This is a discovery. Yeah, John, I'm reminded of our conversation with Dominic Orr from Aruba Networks at HPE Discover earlier. And he talked about how the changing use cases around wireless are very different than what the original wireless networks were set up to do. And he gave a great use case of an executive in his car going from his mobile to his Wi-Fi to his office and continuing to have his meeting to jump on his go-to meeting. And now we're seeing the same thing on the internet. The internet was not built for the enterprise class infrastructure demands that are being put on it now. It's demanding kind of an X-Gen build out. And really that's what the Console Connect Live is all about. Talking about how our enterprise is leveraging the internet, leveraging the ubiquity of the cloud. But how do you get that stuff all together so that you can reliably deliver enterprise class services? The other thing that from VMworld last week, there's a lot of conversation about attack surface. How do you reduce attack surface? Because we know these internet connections are under constant attack in lots of different ways. So again, another really core fundamental problem that they're trying to address and really the next gen of an internet infrastructure to support these enterprise applications. Yeah, and the thing that we also heard at VMworld last week was this end-to-end message. Unified hybrid cloud. The word unified is coming up in VMworld. Not a new word to say Cisco. Unified servers and all kinds of blades and networking. But the word unified really teases out the future. And as you have multiple cloud providers, Azure, VMware, Google, all this abundance of dark fiber, all these connection points, a new internet that's being constructed, unifying them together is critical. So what we're going to see here today at Console Connect is a new ecosystem of interconnections. And it's not a one network thing. It's like, it's an ecosystem. So it's not like these guys are rolling out their own global network. They are piecing together a collection of partners to create that interconnection to scale up that next generation applications. Resiliency and agile are the two words that come out the most in the cube conversations around cloud and DevOps. This is a key component of what these guys are doing. And again, DevOps, if you're using APIs, if companies are using APIs, you will see a serious amount of APIification. APIification really is the trend that corporations are doing. That opens up a huge security hole. APIification needs Console Connect. So that's kind of the big trend. Asymmetric networks, Pat Gelsen can talk about asymmetry, talking about internet of things. All of these new modern use cases really need new networks. Yeah, it's, again, everything is getting connected. And like we joke about the cloud of somebody else's computer, it has to be connected. And really the Achilles heel of cloud-based everything is when you can't get on the network where we don't have dependable connections. So we got a full slate day, a full day today, John. We're again up here at San Francisco Knob Hill, Masonic Center, literally the top of San Francisco. It's hot, it's going to be a good day. And I'm looking forward to it. Yeah, I mean, we're going to have Bill Norton on who's the founder of Equinix and Entrepreneur. These guys know the carrier business. These are the people who are attending this show and they know things like, we're part of the guys early on at YouTube, Netflix. These are the network guys, the California geeks I call them. They know all the nuances of what's going on, the make stuff work at the lowest possible levels, packets flying all over the world. And the worst case scenario is on the public internet is that we heard stories about stuff being redirected to China. The slow boat to China, if you will. And that's where the hacking happens. People can send packets on the lowest cost route, might not be the most ideal. So routing, packets, interconnection. These are the buzzwords. Jay Adelson, founder of Dig, also part of Equinix as well, Bill. We're going to have Albert Joe, who's the CEO of IIX, now called Console Connect. Again, IIX now renamed their company to Console Inc. Funded by NEA, huge amount of funding. Again, very important trend here. It's very nuanced, it's not really well known, but we're going to unpack it. We're going to extract the signal from the noise and share that with everyone out there. And hopefully get some good data from all of our guests. So you're watching theCUBE live in San Francisco at the Masonic Center at Nob Hill. Be right back with our next guest after this short break.


Right, good morning everyone and good morning to students online as well. Alright, let's just begin with a word of prayer and we'll get into our teaching today. Let's pray. Father, we thank you so much once again for this beautiful day that you've given us and even as we've come together to learn, pray God that you will, God continue to speak to us Lord. We open our hearts, we open our minds, give us the wisdom, help us to understand everything that we've learned. We study God throughout this day. We commit ourselves into your hands. In Jesus' name we pray. Amen, amen. Okay, so last class we stopped at chapter 37. Right, so we did quite a few, I think we started with chapter 33 last class. We looked at how Jesus Christ became our sanctification and what is sanctification? Sorry, holy, very good. Set apart, yes, very good, good. Okay, so we are set apart, we are sanctified and we are saints in Christ. We looked at that as well, right? So, as we become believers, the moment we become believers, we are saints, right? It's not like we have to attain certain level of knowledge or know so many things from the Bible, only then we are saints, no. Paul is writing to the church in Galatians and Corinth. He says, you are the saints of God, right? And then we also did chapter 36. And now we begin with chapter 37, if I'm not wrong, right? 37, okay. So, chapter 37 believers are a holy temple in the Lord, right? Ephesians chapter 2, 21 and 22. Now, before we go there, when we look at this word, whole temple, right? Always remember that, you know, Paul is a Jew, the apostle Paul is a Jew, right? So, he's talking about, he's not talking about the context of the temples that we see around here, right? In the Old Testament, the place of worship was called the temple of God, right? The temple is a place of worship. Now, Ephesians 2, 21 and 22. In him or in whom the whole building being fitted together grows into a holy temple in the Lord, in whom you are also being built up for a dwelling place of God in the Spirit. Now, as you and I are sanctified, we are made holy, we are set apart, right? It's not only our personal individual calling that matters. Now, all of us have some kind of calling, right? You're learning and fulfilling God's purpose that our gifts and our callings go together. Some of us are called to be pastor, some are called to be prophet, apostle, worship leader, administrator, right? So, different gifts, teacher, some are called to be in the corporate place, whatever your calling is, that is your personal calling. What you are going to do for God, right? But here, Paul is not talking about an individual aspect only. He's talking about collective. So, basically, if you look at it, all of us here now, those online as well, all of us are collectively built up in the temple of God, meaning we are the temple of God, all of us together, right? And this body is called the church. Now, we must change the concept. We are so used to saying, hey, Sunday church. That's true, right? There's Sunday church service. But you and I, even right now, we are the church. Yes? It's not like your students, I'm teacher. That is in the natural. But in the spiritual, we are the church. Right now, all of us, you mean, we all are the church, the body of Christ, right?  The church community is a holy temple, a sacred dwelling place for God by His Spirit. So, now, right now, all of us are here. We are the church, right? And we may ask this question, where is God?  His presence is there, where is God? So, that's why this sentence here says, buy the Holy Spirit. So, we can be in worship in the church or here, even here in the Bible college, or anywhere, life groups, cell groups, women's meeting, men's meeting, any group. The Holy Spirit can speak to us, each one of us, in different ways. Why? Because the Holy Spirit is dwelling in the body of Christ. It's a temple. We are the temple of God. Yes, the Holy Spirit is in us, but also collectively, the Holy Spirit is among us. So, when we meet in the supernatural level, what happens? We are all together praising God, we are worshiping God, God's presence is there, and the Holy Spirit begins to manifest. Now, even now, right, we are sitting, we are listening to a class, the Holy Spirit can speak to you one word, which you will never forget, or he can speak to you through a dream, don't dream now, he can speak to you, right? You may get a picture, you may get a thought, right? It's the Holy Spirit speaking, right?  Now I understand what this is, right? How is that? Because of the Holy Spirit. It's not always, remember this, we are learning in lifestyle evangelism as well, it's not always that we have to see. What did Jesus say? You believe, you believe because you saw, blessed are those who believe even when they don't see. The problem with this world is everyone wants to see and then believe. What did Thomas say? Till I see Jesus, and I touch the side, his nail pierced hands, till I touch his side, I will not believe. The problem right now is people want to see. Where is your Jesus? That's the first question they ask. But here as a church, we are dwelling among the Holy Spirit. We are the temple of God. The Holy Spirit is here. Where's the Holy Spirit now? He's inside us. But now, right now, where is he? He's among us. He's there. His presence is there. He can speak to us right now. He will speak to us also. Even as you may be just sitting and listening. But what is happening? It's a deposit that's happening into your spirit. Then suddenly after one year, hey, I didn't know so much. I learned so much. How is that? The Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit will remind you. So as God dwells in us, he also dwells among us in the spirit. That's why we are called the temple of the Holy God. So God dwells by his spirit and is not confined to a location. That means it's not like the Holy Spirit is here. Then what about people praying in America? What about them? The Holy Spirit is everywhere. He's not confined to a location. It's not like the Holy Spirit is in ABC Bible College.  Other places will have to wait. No. What does the Bible teaches us? One of the attributes of God is he's omnipresent. He's everywhere. So wherever God's people are, the temple of God is there and God dwells there. Wherever. It could be five people in a village church. It could be 10,000 people in a church and city. In the city. Wherever people are, it is called God's temple and where God's temple is, God's spirit is there. Right. First Corinthians. Sorry. The individual believer is called the Holy Temple. The local church is also called the Holy Temple and the body of Christ, which means across the entire world all the believers are called a Holy Temple. Right. First Corinthians 3, 16 and 17. Do you not know that you are the temple of God and that the spirit of God dwells in you? If anyone defiles the temple of God, God will destroy him for the temple of God is holy. Which temple you are? Now it's interesting that Paul is writing to the Corinthians. Right. Remember we spoke about the Corinthians, right? They are people who are Gentiles, sexually immoral lives. They were prostitutes, right? They were in adultery, living in adultery, idolatry. They were living in sin. Now they've become believers. But what's happening is some of them are going back to their old habits. So Paul is reminding them and saying, hey, you cannot go back to your old habits. Why? Because you are the temple of God. Now the Holy Spirit is dwelling inside you. So your body no longer belongs to you. Your body belongs to God. Although you have all the rights to your body. But what does Paul say? I'm crucified with Christ. I don't live. Christ lives in me. So Paul is writing to the Corinthians and he's saying, do you not know you're the temple of God now? You're not the temple of any other idol or any other spirit, but you're the temple of the Holy Spirit. So he's reminding them, right? So just that we are a temple, we are the temple of the Holy Spirit should remind us and we must be very careful on how we treat our body. Yes? Everything in our body belongs to God. So for example, even is the mind, is this belonging to us? The mind? Yes? This is part of our body, right? Our mind, our thinking, our imagination. It's part of our soul. So if I'm thinking something wrong, I'm not doing anything wrong. I'm just sitting in one place, in my house. But if I'm thinking something that is not right, what am I doing? I'm defiling the temple of God. What does Jesus say?  But what goes, what you see, what you think, that is what can make us defile. So what is the first thing I should say? I should say, Holy Spirit, you are inside me. I am the temple of God. So I cannot allow these thoughts to take control of me, to overcome me. I rebuke these thoughts in the name of Jesus. Now, it doesn't mean devil is going to get scared and not come back. He will come back. He will come back stronger. But the conviction should be that, hey, I am the temple of God. So this is just, I'm talking about the mind. What about what I see? What about what I do? All of this, we must be very careful. We must learn to live holy lives. No, I'm not saying that we will never sin. Sometimes we will sin. It is there, but we have been learning that, as believers, we can overcome every sin. There is no sin we cannot overcome. Later, we'll talk about the different stages of temptation. It's there later on. We'll talk about that and how you and I as believers can overcome these temptations. So you are the body of Christ. I am the body of Christ. I am the temple of the Holy Spirit. We must learn to keep it clean. If it becomes dirty, go back to the blood of Jesus. Ask for cleansing. Ask that God cleanses us. Clean us. Continue to walk in holiness. Let's go to chapter 38. I'm just going to keep going, but if you have questions, those who are online as well, just raise your hands. Feel free to ask questions. Feel free to stalk me at any moment. Being sanctified and being been sanctified and being sanctified in Christ. Now, here's something very interesting. It is an ongoing process. When you and I become believers, what happens? We are sanctified. We are made holy. We are set apart. But then, is it the end of it? No. Because Christ is continuing to sanctify us day after day after day. So it is an ongoing process. When we pray, accept Jesus into our life, that's a one time. Jesus, thank you for coming in. We become a believer. But the sanctification is a process that happens every day. Very simple. Look at it in the natural. We cannot say, hey, I had bath two days back. So I don't want to have bath today. I'll have bath next week. Or every year, once, I will have a bath. In the natural, we don't do that. We have a bath every day. Wake up, get ready, pressure ourselves, have bath. Why? Because it's a natural cleansing that we do. Same way, there is a spiritual cleansing that happens every time. We don't say, hey, when I was born, I was water baptized. After water baptism, I don't need any more bath. It's wrong, right? It doesn't make sense. So just like in the natural, same thing in the spiritual. Day after day, there is a cleansing that happens. And who will be cleansing us? The Holy Spirit. But what must we do? Work with the Holy Spirit to be cleansed. Let's look at a few verses. Hebrews chapter 10 was 9, 10, 14 and 29. I'll read that. Then he said, behold, I have come to do your will, oh God. He takes away the first that he may establish the second. By that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. For by one offering he has perfected forever those who are being sanctified verse 29 of how much worse punishment do you suppose will he be thought worthy who has trampled the Son of God underfoot, pounded the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified. A common thing and insulted the spirit of grace. Basically here these verses, Hebrews is reminding the writer is reminding the believers about the blood of Jesus. He has come to cleanse us once for all but by that we will be we have been sanctified through the offering of the blood of Jesus Christ once for all. For by one offering he has perfected forever those who are being sanctified. You see that one offering he sanctified all of us once for all, verse 14 in that one offering he is also perfecting those who are being sanctified. So you and I are being sanctified. Do we fail? Do we go through challenges? Do we go through temptations, difficulties? Do we fall into temptations? All of this is there. But we are being sanctified day after day. Colossians 1.22 in the body of his flesh through that to present you holy and blameless and above reproach in his sight. Why is God sanctifying us? Why is God cleansing us? Why do we have to wake up and pray every day and ask God to you know change our lives? Why should we do that? See for example I did a prayer five years back I said Lord Jesus from now my life is yours I want to change my life come and live inside me I change all my bad habits I become a good boy No bad friends, no bad habits Jesus is living inside me Holy Spirit is inside me Jesus is happy I am happy Is that the end of the story? No Because that's not what God wants What God wants us is to continue to be holy continue to be blameless, continue to be pure above reproach without any fault It's like saying God if I get 35 marks it's enough pass God is saying hey I'll give you 90 95 I'll give you out of 100 Imagine you go to your teacher and say see ma'am or sir I got 95 can you make it 35 35 is enough I am happy with 35 Well ma'am say what's wrong with you you have done well you got 95 that's your mark take it and go So Jesus has done everything and he has paid the price he has to become believers but he is saying hey you can become just like me Now what if I don't pray what if I don't spend time reading the word nothing will happen So the only thing is becoming like Jesus I'll be in the same level and eventually if I don't pray if I don't read God's word what will happen Temptations will come the devil will easily trample over us and we will fail So that is why this being sanctified is a process We are a work in progress Never can we say okay I've finished it all I've done Never can we say that and you're 60 years old don't say okay I have done the ministry even if you've done still continue continue continue keep continuing till the end of our life it's a sanctification process right the scriptures states that we've been sanctified and it also states Hebrews 10 14 that we are being sanctified day after day we have been perfected forever yet we are being sanctified it's like an oxymoron meaning we are saved we are also being saved we are sanctified we are also being sanctified we are righteous we are also being righteous we are justified we are also being justified right it's a process it doesn't end it's not like one time thing no right so this is also true because sanctification is a completed work in the spirit and is a continuous work in the natural in our daily lives right the work is completed in the spirit but in the natural we have to work to become more holy we have to spend time in God's presence that we have to do so for example we all are sanctified right now what happens if I don't spend time in worship and prayer and reading of the word will we be sanctified yes we are still sanctified in the spiritual we are sanctified but in the natural we are at the same level imagine this all of us are in first year imagine this you finish your first year finish your first semester you come for second semester you teach the same subjects how will you feel say hey teach some new subjects right when you go to second years what if we teach you the same subjects we taught you in first year say hey you know we want to learn something new want to learn something bigger get better right I mean there's something to grow more to become more spiritually strong so remember that in the spirit the work is done in the natural we have to do we have to spend time in God's presence right as we live out who God has made us and what he has done for us the holiness of God begins to pervade our soul and our body I think next semester we'll have a subject on holiness when we begin to let the holiness of God affect our thoughts, our minds our imagination, our dreams our affections, our appetites everything the outcome will be holiness what did Jesus say God said that be holy for I am holy the most sometimes we look at the Holy Spirit when we say the Holy Spirit what is the first thing that comes to our mind holiness wow for me the first thing that comes to my mind when I say Holy Spirit is power or sometimes it is gifts but as Akhil said it is holiness holiness is much greater than the gifts of the Holy Spirit you can have all the nine gifts of the Holy Spirit and not be holy example church and Corinth they were flowing in all the gifts but their thoughts their desires was unholy thought was I like Apollos I like Paul, I like Jesus I like Peter division they had prophecy, word of knowledge working of miracles, healings all great things happening in the church but when it comes to the Lord's table they are all fighting give me some bread, you give me some wine Paul is writing and saying you don't have food in your house you don't have food in your house why are you coming to church and fighting small things but flowing in all the gifts of the Spirit very important lesson just because a person can flow in the gifts of the Spirit he has a prophecy word of knowledge doesn't mean he is holy he is walking in holiness doesn't mean don't judge or don't you know not getting the right word but sorry not carried away but don't measure people that's the word I wanted to get don't measure people by the gifts that they have or the talents that they have never do that that's good but when God sees it is completely different the gifts and talents also are given by God or me so don't measure people he has written 10 songs all 10 songs have 10 million views good he is doing something for the body of Christ whoever the person is but doesn't mean he has written 10 songs and those 10 songs the whole world doesn't mean he is living a holy life you get what I am saying you may be a prophet preaching all across the nation and the nations and everyone know you are living a holy life so don't measure people by their gifts and talents you can have a person who doesn't have any gifts he is doing the ushering sound and setup team setting the chairs he can live a much more holy life than somebody who is a great evangelist or a great pastor you get what I am saying right so never look at a person by their gifts and talents we need them we need them for the body of Christ we need worship leaders we need new songs we need preachers we need pastors we need evangelists we need them but never measure people by that right God looks at holiness are we holy this holiness it's not always shown outwardly gifts are shown outwardly the guitar starts singing it's a gift but holiness how do you know who knows you are holy nobody knows you can say I am holy you can say I have many holes but holiness is measured on our life on the way that we live our life and Jesus says the bible of God says be holy for I am holy didn't you think God could have said 100 other things couldn't he have said be powerful be strong yes he said all that he said be holy because I am holy the moment we begin to walk in holiness we begin to be like God we begin to be like Jesus amazing no Jesus didn't say you do all the miracles you will become like me no God didn't say you walk on water you do all these wonderful miracles you will become like me no God said be holy for I am holy when we walk in holiness when we allow the Holy Spirit to sanctify us we walk in holiness we need to reflect like Jesus like how God is suddenly unforgiveness is gone hatred is gone why is only you walking in holiness this is not right for me to get angry at somebody is not right it's not holy for me to be to have unforgiveness it's not holy so I cannot have it I have to ask for forgiveness you see what holiness does it brings us in line with God we are being sanctified and we are being perfected every day the fear of the Lord is holiness saying God nobody is watching you you have the fear of God saying God I need to be holy because you are holy right so everyone understood this we are sanctified we are being sanctified every day when you have a bath say God say God I was sanctified I am continuing to be sanctified every morning the Bible says sanctify yourself through the word of God the word of God is like water living water washes things inside us there is dirt inside us it will wash sanctify yourself okay let's go to chapter 40 okay sanctified by the word and the spirit Ephesians chapter 5 25 through 27 husbands love your wives just as Christ also loved the church and gave himself for her that he might sanctify and cleanse her with the washing of water by the word that he might present her to himself a glorious church not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing but that she should be holy and without blemish now this from verse 26 onwards see verse 25 he is saying husbands love your wives right now that's in the natural just as Christ loved the church now the he is taking a husband and wife relationship and he is putting it to the church and the body of Christ and Jesus Jesus is the bride we are the bride groom right and he is saying that he might sanctify and cleanse her the her is the bride that is cleanse her with the washing of water by the word so when Jesus cleans us he cleanses us by the word of God through the Holy Spirit that he might present her to himself a glorious church not without spot or wrinkle now in the natural you take a white shirt all of us have washed a white shirt very difficult to keep a white shirt white you take a white shirt you put it into that washing machine what happens you take it out you will have all the other colors on that white shirt blue, pink, green it's all mixed what's happened all the other colors have come on that unless you have one of those modern washing machines but I'm sure that's going to be the same case you take out your white shirt and you look hey what is this oh man it's become full of spots full of wrinkles then what you do you get another idea so let me wash only the white shirts and the white clothes separately when you wash it you see that hey now no problem right so you learn the hard way I learned the hard way right so here the Lord Jesus when he is washing us through the word through the spirit he cleanses us completely so that we are without any spot or without any wrinkle meaning we are not when we are in heaven when we be with Jesus he's presenting ourselves clean without any spots no sin no condemnation clean the work the outworking of God's holiness into our soul and our body takes place through the agency of the word of God the work of the Holy Spirit and as we grow in the community of believers in the temple of God okay everyone say the word of God louder word of God the work of the Holy Spirit these are the two main ways that God works in our life now I'm not saying this is the only way God can work in many other ways right but even as he is signifying us two main ways one is the word of God because the word of God cleanses us two is the work of the Holy Spirit so we are reading God's word right you're going on reading suddenly you know you're feeling discouraged oh man God what can I do in life everyone are looking at me everyone are saying you can't do anything and I don't see myself you know doing anything big in my life I'm just a mediocre person you're feeling low but now you're reading God's word as you're reading suddenly you come to Philippians 413 what does it say I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me now what's happened nobody has spoken to you that word has gone deep into your spirit hey I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me so all that fear that doubt has been washed away how by the word of God and the same way every area of our life the word of God can minister to us every area you can be a businessman go to Proverbs teaches you how to live how to work in holiness what does it say even the natural things in life imagine a person who's always lazy right and he's reading okay what to do today let me read he's reading and he goes to the book of Proverbs and says look at the ants you sluggard that means look at the ants you lazy person they work and they toil and they work this person says oh man I should not be a lazy person because the Bible is saying the ants are not lazy how can I be lazy so I should work hard from now his parents have been telling him for 10 years nothing has happened this one verse has changed his life I should work hard suddenly next day he's going for interview going applying for jobs why the word of God that's the power of God's word right so everything if you notice at APC one of the things that we focus on is the word of God right when we are preaching on a Sunday morning we emphasize God's word very rarely you'll find personal examples only in a teaching setting like this we give these personal examples and just so that the classes we understand but on a Sunday morning when we are preaching on church service it is always the word of God that takes prominence right people will come and say many things we testify through God's word people ask questions we always back it up with God's word right so that is number one number one rule for God to cleanse you go back to God's word if you haven't been reading God's word go back this is the cleansing process very important very important right now I know that I can say this there are some of us how many of us like to read you like to read sorry no just read you like to read from small you like to read none of us Gertrude said she likes to read one person what's your name again Joseph likes to read now I am not talking about Bible I am talking about just reading from small you like to read when I was small I didn't like to read at all reading was the last thing I want to do it was not a gift nothing two days before the test now don't do this just giving you an example I was only maybe in middle class fourth standard, fifth standard two days before the test open the book by heart everything go right past that's it that's what I was but I knew that if I really do well and do well I knew I could do well I knew my potential but I just didn't want to write football cycle games outside indoor games outdoor games good friends it's okay so from small the habit of reading was not there so growing up it was never there and when I became a believer I didn't mind praying but I opened the Bible I'll fall asleep what is this Jesus did that Jesus did this suddenly the story is going everywhere it's not even a story then I said let me go to Old Testament Old Testament I couldn't read anything I didn't understand anything I said oh man what is this so I didn't read Bible for many many months after becoming a believer but prayer I can do worship I can do I came across this was the word of God sanctifies your spirit and I thought to myself if I want to become a preacher I can't go and stand and give stories to people every day one one story I'll run out of stories I have to know the word of God not only for others but for myself so then I said God I have to read so go back open the book of Matthew start reading was it easy no after two pages a head is spinning but okay two pages at least then three pages five pages or five chapters you know just go on like that then I began to realize the power of God's word became interesting for me so what my you know what some of you know relatives one of my aunts said why don't you read some good books so she would give me some books all Christian books and these are all autobiographies autobiographies means people who who did great things for God God's kingdom and they wrote people have written about their lives like church history we see all of them here why don't you read books so she started giving me books I became an avid reader wow this is what God did with these people so every week I was reading three books three full books I would read there's no book it's like which book to read give me a book God changed it right and now without reading it's very difficult for me I have to read something so sometimes I go open google just download a book I start reading I always read some book it may not be a physical book I always read something and of course the word of God so we can never give the excuse that I am not a reader if none of us lifted our hands I want you all to get into the habit of reading right those online as well get into the habit of reading and reading God's word you can start small three pages four pages and then eventually you'll see that hey I'm able to you will enjoy it then you go back to God's word of oh you will you can spend a day just reading God's word the whole day you can right you can do it because this is the word that will speak to your heart speak to your spirit it will change your life right testimonies all of that is good but this is what changes your life the word of God this is we make the declaration know this is who God speaking to me sometimes you know people come up to me God is not saying anything did he read go back read he will speak to you if we don't read how will he speak to read right the second one is the work of the Holy Spirit as we read the Holy Spirit begins to work in our life right now we know the Holy Spirit comes to sanctify he gives us strength holiness then the gifts of the spirit the fruit of the spirit anyone know what are the fruit of the spirit all of them know it okay learn it this is your homework okay it's all mixed up like noodles learn the nine gifts of the spirit and the nine fruit of the spirit of the spirit so next class when I come and ask what is the nine gifts of the spirit you should know it whether in Hindi English, Kannada whatever language you should know it right the fruit of the spirit and the gifts of the spirit that's your homework yeah okay the word of God is the cleansing agent that washes us that cleanses every filthiness from our lives right as we open our lives to the word of God to the work of the spirit and grow among a community we live out these sanctified lives right so I want to encourage all of us today make a decision right everything starts here when you make a decision you can ask God to help you to fulfill that decision right so morning when you wake up morning may not be a good time to read because you may be sleepy especially in the beginning choose times when you are active you're alert right so evenings are good after your bible college you can sit read right those who are online maybe you're working throughout the day in the night before sleeping spend some time just reading it could just be a chapter one chapter and you can maybe write down what you understand from it right and when you get into this habit every day you'll do it I always say this right if you look at people who have been very successful in life not only in ministry but in life they've been very successful what is it you ask them it's like you do something for 30 days continuously it becomes a habit it becomes a lifestyle can you tell me some of the habits you have okay good sleep very good that's important rest rest for the mind rest for the soul what else what are your natural habits what are the natural habits we have none of us have walking walking is a natural habit none of us flew and came here very good that's what I was brush your teeth every day it's a natural thing you just get up you don't say okay what do I do today morning I forgot no you remember everything it is all tuned in the mind the procedures everything is tuned in the mind it's just done the same way the word of God becomes natural when you do something for you know if you're doing go back every evening 7 30 to 8 you're reading the word of God every day 30 days from the next month it'll become a habit it'll automatically go and you'll read it right so make it a habit and I want to encourage you when you do that you see your life changing you see how God will speak to you things will change in your life the way you think the way you talk the way you look at situations the way you look at people the way you face the enemy face temptations face rejection everything will change because you're going back to the word of God the Holy Spirit also begins to work the Holy Spirit will give you the wisdom what to do what not to do right everything is from this now in ministry I have made many mistakes all of us make mistakes I mean many mistakes but when I go back and one of the things I always pray is like God you've put us in a place of leadership people come and talk to us we need the wisdom the right word at the right time right how can I give the right word the word of God is the wisdom of God I have to give them something I can I can share natural things but when I give them the word there's effect to it there's power in it right so I want to encourage all of us will we do that yes right it's see these classes the course is not only about okay finished class go no I like to make it in a way that I want to see you all you know doing growing right there are habits that you may have you may have to let go off and hold on to some new habits right and one of them could be reading and it's good that you know none of you said that you have the habit of reading as a target or you take it as a decision hey I'm going to go ahead and start reading we have some publications take the thinnest publication start with that and then go up keep reading different books you can start with that you don't have to spend any money you don't have to do anything take a book write your name on it you know it's yours start reading it and then you the books go ticker ticker ticker read all the books what's happening it's only the word of God all those books very few examples any of those books very few everything is a word of God so it's great to read that right we'll do that right so have one book at least start from this week so that even if it's next week by next week you'll have finished one book then reading becomes a habit so what are the two ways we'll close now two ways God speaks to us sanctifies us through the word of God work of the Holy Spirit yes word of God and the work of the Holy Spirit right okay so we will meet next class and we'll pick up from chapter 41 living sanctified in Christ have a good day God bless


This funny looking creature, with the big green eyes, is a type of dog day cicada. The hot and muggy days of July and August are referred to as the dog days of summer. This insect gets its name from that peak time of year when it does most of its singing. This is the adult version of the cicada, but it didn't quite look like this before. This scary looking creature crawling up this post is the baby version of the cicada. This is the nip. Each summer, these nips crawl out of the ground and climb onto a tree or other objects so they can emerge and turn into an adult cicada. Adult cicadas emerge from this last nipple stage through a crack along the back, leaving a light brown cast skin behind. They have probably found these before and didn't know what they are. Now you do. Here is the new emerged adult, leaving the casting skin behind. As adults, they can live for about five to six weeks. All adults vary in size and color depending on the species. They all have prominent bulging eyes and semi-transparent wings held roof-like over their very large bodies. There are great flyers, too, where they'll fly from tree to tree. Male cicadas rest on those tree trunks and branches and sing to attract females throughout the summer. Hey, look at this beetle. This is called an eyed click beetle. He's looking at you. No, not really. Those are not real eyes. They're just for show. This insect has two large spots on the back of its two-inch body.  People sometimes see click beetles around their homes, maybe crawling across the ports. As they're attracted to light sometimes even at night, they're mostly found in deciduous mixed forest and other woodlands. Their diet consists of nectar and plant juice. Click beetles have the capability of suddenly catapulting themselves out of danger by releasing stored energy by a click mechanism. If they are turned over on their back, they're able to flip themselves in the air and land on their feet. This clicking also helps them escape from potential predators. Click beetles have been called the acrobats of the insect world. This is also another bug that is safe to pick up and hold. This is a dragonfly. It is called a great blue skimmer. This species is found near lakes, ponds, and low streams in the eastern part of the United States. If you didn't know it or not, dragonflies spend much of their time first as at larvae in water before turning into an adult. As you can see, dragonflies actually have two sets of wings. They fly very fast up to speeds of 30 miles per hour. They can even fly backwards. This makes them one of the fastest insects in the world. Notice the large compound eyes on this blue skimmer. Their large round eyes are actually made up of thousands of smaller eyes, giving them great eyesight and allow them to see in all different directions. I'm sure this helps them when they're flying so fast too. Dragonflies may look mean, but they don't sting or nor will they bite. They're basically harmless to us humans. One great thing about dragonflies is much of their diet consists of eating mosquitoes. That makes this great blue skimmer a wonderful insect to have around. Have you ever heard that sound? This is the insect that makes that noise. This is a mud dauber, and she is hard at work building her mud nest. Each summer, these friendly wasps spend a lot of time showing off their construction skills. Mud daubers, also called dirt daubers, will build these long mud tubes under porches, garages, even barns, anyplace out of the weather. And just a few days later, the long mud tube is finished. The female then will go in and lay an egg in each cell. She then will then go find a spider to put in each cell so that the baby wasp will have something to feed on. Here she comes with a spider now, and she's got a big spider. She's struggling to get up the wall to the nest. Listen to her. She may have to take a break and rest, but she'll visually get that spider up the wall into the nest. Mud daubers are also unique compared to other wasps in that the males will stay in the mouth of the nest to protect the offspring. The male guards the young from intruders and parasites, even other wasps. Weeks later, the baby wasp will hatch out, eat their spider snack, and emerge as adult mud daubers. I know you recognize this guy. Yeah, that's the Daddy Long Legs, or Grand Daddy Long Legs. The real name is Harvest Men. Looks like a spider, but it's not a spider. It belongs to the class of Ragnar, which includes spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks. Like other Ragnarids, Harvest Men have four pairs of legs, they have fangs, but you mostly noticed about Harvest Men is those big old legs. They can move pretty quick and they can climb really good. Harvest Men also have two long antennae, which they use to help them fill their way around. Harvest Men pose no threat or danger to humans. They're harmless. They have no venom glands, nor do they bite. Harvest Men are very common around the house, even the yards. You may see them on the porch, you may see them crawling across the ground. You may see them on the side of the wall, just hanging out, waiting for something to eat. Their considered predators and scavengers will eat almost anything, especially small, soft-bodied insects and vegetative matter. I believe their favorite thing to do is just hanging out in the shade where it's nice and cool. We hope you enjoyed seeing another 4-H bug show. Go outside and kit some bugs this summer. For the Alabama Cooperative Extension System, I'm Shane Harris. Be sure to visit us on our website, aces.edu, for more information about our 4-H program.


If you could name a horse, what would you name one? What a good question.  Like just the thoroughbred, you know what I mean? Yeah, I gotta think about that. Maybe something related to sports, the hogs, the falcons, but the falcons have let me down. I want my horse to win, so. Mr. Noodle, because we watch Elmo every day with my son. Here's the meal. Yeah. Smokey, if you could name a horse, what would you name one? Smokey. Keshe 22. Keshe 22. I would name it Mattress Mack. That's what I would name it. Mattress Mack. You know, there was a horse in the Oaks years ago named a lovely Maria. So that was kind of fun. So how about Manic Maria? I love her, okay?


Good morning, myself Dr. Nitin Gramopadhyay working as assistant professor in Department of Humanities and Sciences. Today we are going to learn topic analytical chemistry and a particular beat from that topic is solution chemistry. This is the learning outcome for today's session. At the end of this session, students will be able to define the terms of solution chemistry and apply the knowledge to solve the problems. This is the content we are going to learn in this session. First, we will learn the definitions of normality, molarity, molality and then we will learn how to solve the numericals to find out the normality, molarity and molality of a given example. What do you mean by normality? The term normality is defined as the number of gram equivalents of the solute dissolved in a suitable solvent and then the solution is diluted to 1 liter. Then normality of the resultant solution is one normal. What is one normal solution? When a solution is prepared by dissolving a number of gram equivalents of the solute in 1 liter of volume, so normality is equal to number of gram equivalents of the solute divided by volume of the solution in liter. Therefore, how to find out the gram equivalent weight of the solute that is weight of solute in grams that is denoted by W s divided by equivalent weight of solute E s multiplied by volume of solution in liter that is V in liter. So, normality n becomes W upon E multiplied by V in liter where W is weight of the solute in grams, E is equivalent weight of the solute and V is volume in liter. Now, we will see molarity. The term molarity is defined as the number of gram moles of the solute dissolved in a suitable solvent and then the solution is diluted to 1 liter. Then the resultant solution is known as one molar solution. So, what is the basic difference in between normal and molarity? The normal solution is prepared by dissolving the gram equivalent weight of the solute and molar solution is prepared by dissolving the gram moles of the solute in 1 liter of the volume. So, molarity m is equal to gram moles of the solute divided by volume of the solution in liter. Therefore, now molarity of solution m is equal to W s upon M s multiplied by 1 upon V in liter where W s is weight of solute, M s is molecular weight of solute and V is volume in liter. So, we require to know what is the gram mole of the solute is dissolved and gram mole of the solute is nothing but the weight of solute taken divided by molecular weight of that particular solute. So, this is about molarity. Now, what about molality? Molality is denoted by small m and there is only one difference in between molarity and molality. In case of molarity, the volume is measured in liter and in case of molality, the volume is measured in kg. So, the term molality is defined as the number of gram moles of the solute dissolved in a suitable solvent and then the solution is diluted to 1 kg, then molality of the solution is 1. So, we have learned in case of molarity, in case of normality the volume is 1 liter, but in case of molality it is 1 kg. So, we are dissolving the gram mole of the solute in 1 kg of the solvent. So, molality m is equal to gram moles of the solute divided by volume of solution in kg. The same thing is there that is molality is equal to W s upon m s multiplied by 1 upon W that is solvent in kg. So, this W s is weight of solute, m s is molecular weight of solute and this W is weight of the solvent and that is correlated to 1 kg. Now, here I would like to ask you one question. The gram moles of the solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent, then the obtained solution is called as what is the question? The gram moles of the solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent, then the obtained solution is called as option A 1 normal solution, option B 1 molar solution, option C 1 molar solution and option D all of these. Solving for a moment and the correct answer is option C that is 1 molal solution. When 1 gram mole of solute is dissolved in 1 kg of solvent, then the obtained solution is called as molal solution because the concept of molarity and molality gets varied only on the volume or the mass. In case of molar the solvent is measured in volume that is 1 liter and in case of molal the solvent is taken in mass that is 1 kg. So, the correct answer to this question is option C that is 1 molal solution. Now, after learning the definition of normality, molarity and molality, we will apply the same knowledge to solve the numerical based on to calculate either normality or molarity or what is the weight we require to prepare the solution. So, the first question is that what is the weight of M G SO 4 that is magnesium sulphate required to prepare 0.5 normal 500 ml aqueous solution. So, the given conditions is that the solute name is magnesium sulphate. We have to prepare a solution of 0.5 normal and we have to prepare that solution the volume given is that 500 ml. So, as this is related with the normality we will write first the normality formula and the normality is equal to W upon E multiplied by V in liter where N is normality of a given solution that is given for this example that is 0.5 normal. V is equal to volume of a given solution that is 500 ml, but as per our definition we require the volume in liter so it becomes 0.5 liter and E equivalent weight of solute given. So, how to calculate the equivalent weight E is equal to equivalent weight of a given solute that is is equal to molecular weight of the solute divided by valances of magnesium or the sulphate ion so that is 2 answer is that. So, we know the molecular weight of the magnesium sulphate is 120 that is divided by 2 so it becomes 60 so 60 is a equivalent weight for a given solute. Now, the same thing I will keep here the formula is that what is the weight we require so the modified formula becomes W is equal to E multiplied by N multiplied by V in liter. So, what is E equivalent weight of a given solute that is 60 N normality for a given example that is 0.5 and V that is volume of a solution in liter that is 0.5 and the answer is 15 gram. Therefore, for a given example 15 gram of magnesium sulphate is required to prepare 0.5 normal 500 ml aqueous solution. So, this is the way how to calculate what is the weight we require to prepare a particular solution of a particular volume. Now, we will learn again one more problem in first problem we have learnt by knowing the normality and volume how to calculate the weight required. But in second numerical we will learn what is the normality of a solution if we know what is the weight of solute we have dissolved and the volume we know. So, the question is that what is the normality of a 500 ml solution prepared by dissolving 7.2 gram of HCl in water. So, the solution is that the solution is 500 ml in volume it becomes 0.5 liter, but that is obtained by dissolving 7.2 gram of HCl in water and we have been asked to calculate what is its normality. So, I will write the formula normality is equal to N is equal to W upon E multiplied by V in liter where N is normality of a given solution that is needed to calculate V volume of a given solution that is 500 ml is equal to 0.5 liter and E equivalent weight of a given solute. Now, again by the same method we will calculate what is the equivalent weight for this given solute. The formula we know that is molecular weight of solute divided by valances of H plus ion or the chlorine ion and the valance is only 1. Therefore, the molecular weight of the HCl is 36.5 which is divided by 1 is equal to 36.5 and the weight is given that is 7.2 gram. What is the normality formula? N is equal to W upon E s multiplied by V in liter. So, W is weight of solute given that is 7.2 divided by E s is 36.5 multiplied by V 0.5 liter and the answer is 0.394 normal. So, therefore, normality of a given solution is 0.394. So, in the second example we have learned by knowing the weight of solute by knowing the equivalent weight of solute by knowing the volume of a solution how to calculate the normality and the answer for the given example is 0.394. All this I have prepared by using a textbook of engineering chemistry written by Jain and Jain. Thank you.