Sorry, we are a little late. Part traffic and part lot of interactions with people sometimes on the road who want to take pictures and stop you and that's part of the package. So my apologies for being late. On behalf of the Indian Overseas Congress, I want to welcome you all to this press conference with Mr. Rahul Gandhi. Indian Overseas Congress is in 32 countries. We have presence in US, Canada in many parts of EU, Middle East, Asia Pacific, even Caribbean, Australia, New Zealand and we feel it is our responsibility to interact with larger audience on Indian Overseas Congress platform. To really tell people about not just India, but our idea of India. We strongly believe in thriving democracy, inclusion, diversity, equality, justice, respect for everybody and to us democracy is the bad rock of our civilization. At present, some of us are concerned about what is going on in India in terms of capturing of institutions, control of media, sort of attack on civil society and many other related issues including polarized politics. And as part of that, Mr. Gandhi has been traveling to meet world leaders. We had a visit in US recently few months ago where Mr. Gandhi went to Silicon Valley, Washington, New York. We had similar visit in UK and we felt that it is time we come to EU and meet with leaders here. We will meet some people in Paris, Oslo, Hague. So this is part of the program and the program started from Brussels. We had some very interesting meetings yesterday and we are delighted that you have taken time out from your busy schedule to come and interact with us. So with this background, I am going to request Mr. Gandhi to say a couple of words and then open up for broader interaction and question answers. He doesn't need introduction and I believe that. So I am not going to introduce him. He is our leader. The most important thing about him that I would like to mention is the Yatra. He walked close to 4,000 km in 150 days from South tip of India all the way to North. With him, 50 to 100,000 people walked along the way. He got chance to meet people, listen to them, understand their issues. And I believe this way of reaching out to people was very unique. Of course it has roots in Indian tradition. Buddha did this, Guru Nanak did that, Gandhiji did that and many others in the past did that. He made a huge impact on the minds of people because walking 4,000 km requires something unique mentally, physically, emotionally. And Rahul could do that and carry people with him. So we are all proud of our leader and here is Mr. Gandhi. Thank you, thank you Sam. Thank you very much for coming here to this press conference. Sam mentioned most of it. We have been travelling abroad to meet different people both from Europe and from our diaspora. We have been doing this regularly now. We went to the United States and now we have come to the EU. Trying to get a sense of what is going on here and also to give people a little bit of a sense of what is going on back home. So happy to take your questions. Yes, please. I have three questions if that's okay. Can we do one at a time please? Can we do one at a time? Alright. The first question is what was the main message for the parliamentarians here and what do you expect from them? What do you expect from Europe?  No. And it's more of a conversation than a message.  It's an exchange of ideas about what is going on in India, what's going on here, the type of cooperation that we can do. So it's more of a, the frame is a conversation we discussed with the parliamentarians across the board, relationship between India and Europe, changing globe, transition into a new sort of energy paradigm, into a new mobility paradigm. So that was what the discussion was about. Very fruitful. What was happening in India? What did you tell them? Could you elaborate a little bit please? Yeah, we were giving them a sense of the type of challenges India is facing, economic challenges, other challenges. The general sort of attack on the democratic institutions. So that's what we discussed. Can you speak a little louder? Most of the audition leaders are back and ready. And they're going to be meeting with Mr Modi. They're going to be meeting with Mr Dr. Modi. And my question to you is, do you feel with all of these... You can hear you. Do you feel with all of these meetings they're going to be having, the Western leaders, are they giving Hindu nationalism a free pass? Are they giving the persecution of Muslims and minorities a free pass in India right now? I don't think... I think the G20 is an important conversation. And it's a good thing that India is hosting it. Of course, there are issues in India that we raise. But I don't think... I think the framing that are they giving them a free pass is not exactly correct. There's a war going on in Europe right now. And there's been this constant, I wouldn't say an allegation. But it's the fact that the India has solutions with Russia. And we've had your audition leaders talking to India about it. And you feel in this aspect of trying to go in their ways from Russia.  Leaders from the West. No, I mean, India of course has a relationship with Russia. India has a relationship with the United States. India is a large country. And by nature of being a large country, it will have relationships with many other countries. So, that's a normal thing. That's not, you know, India has every right to have a relationship with whoever it wants. There is of course, there are serious issues about the type of actions that are being taken with regards to institutions, with regards to democracy and stuff. And yeah, we would hope that there is a sense that there are underlying issues. Can I just have a follow-up? No, no, please just. Yes, sir. We know that the Modi government takes quite cautious position on the conflict and the war. Russia held, Russia held against Ukraine. So that my, I curious what is the opposition point of view on the issue. And the related question is that cautious position of the Indian government related to the sharp increasing of the oil supply of Russian oil to India. I think the opposition by and large would agree with India's position, current position on the conflict. We have a, we have a relationship with Russia. And I don't think the opposition would have a different view than what the government is currently proposing. I am from actually Kashmir. I would like to ask a question related to Kashmir issue. And what would be your policy if you came into the power next election hopefully? And recently, four years before the article 370 was appropriated and even opposition leaders were restricted to visit and meet the people. And how do you see the future of Kashmir? Thank you. I mean, our position on article 370 is very clear. It's in a resolution passed in the CWC of the Congress Party. I would urge you to take a look at that. Of course, we are, we are for ensuring that every single person in our country has a voice is allowed to express themselves. And we feel very strongly that Kashmir should develop, Kashmir should progress and there should be peace in Kashmir. I just would like to know what are your next priorities, political priorities and what will be your world vision in the context of growing tensions. Thank you. What would be my... Your view on international relations in a difficult context that we are now... I've been, I've been saying in all my meetings that it is pretty clear that China is proposing a particular view, a particular vision of the planet. And they are putting on the table the idea of the Belt and Road. And one of the reasons they are able to do that is because they have become a center of global production. And this is something I told the people yesterday in the external affairs office. But I don't see an alternative vision coming from our side. That, that vision requires a vision for production in a democratic environment. What the Chinese have basically shown is that it is possible to produce effectively in a coercive environment where you don't give people freedom, where you restrict their freedom, but you offer them prosperity without political freedom. And the challenge for us is can we provide an alternative vision where we do production under democratic conditions with political and economic freedom. And I think there's a lot of cooperation that can happen between the United States, between Europe and between us. And I think that's where a lot of our focus should go. How can we create an alternative to the Chinese production model that is a coercive production model? A competitive vision. Because you are holding a very good stand supporting the G20 happening in India and here we have a very contrary, very, very interesting... What's contrary about it? They've decided not to invite the leader of the opposition. It tells you something. It tells you that they don't value the leader of 60% of India's population. And it's something that people should think about. Why they are feeling the need to do that? And what is the type of thinking that goes behind that? And the French actually, just so that we even could vote the same time... I didn't realise that. And you tried to raise that issue, but there was no conversation on that in the platform. Instead, there was a lot of retaliation from the Indian ministries regarding the same that this should not be brought up. We were actually talking of freedom at that time in France. And I thought that issue should have been brought up, but what do you think about that? Have you spoken about it here? About what? About the Manipur issue. Our position on Manipur was very clear. I actually visited Manipur. And I think we are very much for democratic rights, harmony, peace between people. I mean, as Sam said, I walked 4,000 kilometres for that very purpose. And I think there is a sense in India that the democratic structures of our country, the institutional structures of our country are under attack. And they are under attack from the group of people who are running India. I don't think this point is missed by anybody. I think everybody who has even a little bit of an understanding of India knows this. But of course there are other considerations. So when you are dealing with India these days, there are other considerations which are also important, as you would be well aware. The democratic fight and the fight for democracy in India is ours. And it is our responsibility. And we will take care of it. And we will make sure that the sort of onslaught on our institutions and our freedom is stopped. The opposition will make sure it happens. Do you want to speak in Hindi or English? You decide. You decide? You ask. Okay. The aim of the visit is to meet our diaspora here, to engage with them, to get a sense of what they are dealing with, what they are going through. That is one aspect. The second aim is to meet members of the government here, MPs, other people, and to get a sense of how they are seeing India, how they are seeing the possible cooperation between India and Europe, how they view India, what they think India should be doing, and also giving them a bit of a sense of what we think our relationship should look like. We can hear you, I think. I mean, of course I would have to see the program before I could comment on whether it was exaggerated or not. So I don't know what that program was saying. But certainly there is an increase in discrimination and in violence in India. And there is a full-scale assault on the democratic institutions of our country. That is, that everybody knows, and internally in India it's been commented on and globally it's been commented on. And of course minorities are under attack, but so are many other communities. Dalit communities, tribal communities, lower caste communities are also under attack. There is an attempt to change the nature of our country. Our country in the constitution is described as a union of states. And we believe that the most critical aspect of our union is the conversation between members of our union. And there is an alternative vision, which is the BJP vision, which believes that power should be centralized, power should be concentrated, wealth should be concentrated, and the conversation between members of the union, between people of India should be suppressed. And so this is the fight between two visions. I like to term it the fight between Mahatma Gandhi's vision and Nathuram Ghotse's vision. Nathuram Ghotse being the person who assassinated our leader. Let's deal with one question at a time. When we design these tours, we have a structure. And the organizers decide whether we are going to have closed door meetings, whether we're going to have public meetings, and stuff like that, depending on the length of the tour and the type of place we're going to. So I guess in Belgium we sort of opted for a model. By the way, hundreds of people are coming and meeting us. And pretty much everybody in Belgium who of Indian origin knows exactly where I am and they've been coming by droves to come and see me. But I think we decided that a full blown Indian style public meeting in Belgium might not be the best way to do it. Any more information? Are you still being spied on by the Indian government? I mean, the fact that Pegasus was on my phone is a known fact. I mean, I don't know the details of how I'm tracked, but I'm certainly tracked for sure. You have been mentioning a very, very important crisis that is coming up in India. The unemployment is a huge which is at the highest level right now. While you were on your yatra across the country, did you meet the youth and did this issue actually really come up many times in various states? I met thousands and thousands of youngsters and all of them said exactly what you're saying. The three things they said. Number one, unemployment. Number two, huge increase in the levels of poverty and completely skewed income distribution. So few people getting very, very wealthy and the bulk of people being pushed back into poverty and then rising prices and inflation. Those are the three things that repeatedly they told me. The fact of the matter is that India has the highest unemployment that it's had in the last 40 years. So there is something clearly wrong with our economic model. It's not accepted and there's a lot of media support for the government. So those type of things don't come out. But I don't think the current path we are on, the economic path we are on is sustainable in any way. And there will certainly be consequences and a backlash to this model. What's the current situation in Kashmir and what stuff do you need to be in contact there? How do you view the role of international diplomacy in resolving the Kashmir issue? And what would be your approach if your party comes into power? Kashmir is of course an integral part of India. So it's nobody's business other than our own, other than India's business. Our position as I stated earlier is very clear. It's in a working committee resolution. We can give you a copy of that resolution if you're interested in reading it. But I feel that it's very important, you know, the general discussion we are having here, that democratic institutions, democratic structures need to be protected in India and the voice of people needs to be defended and protected. And that goes for every single part of India, including Kashmir. Of the subcontinent and your Yatra was called Bharam Chodoh. We're now having a name change. Yes, is that happening? I don't know, you have to ask the Prime Minister. I mean, do you want to change? You know, I am perfectly happy with the names that we have in our constitution. India, that is Bharat works perfectly well for me. But I think these in a sense to me are panic reactions. There's a little bit of fear in the government. These are distraction tactics. We of course came out with the name India for our coalition. And it's a fantastic idea because it represents exactly who we are. We consider ourselves to be the voice of India. And so the word works very well. But it's obviously disturbed the Prime Minister enough that he wants to change the name of the country, which is absurd, but that's what it is. It's also interesting that every time we raise the issue of Mr. Adani and chronic capitalism, the Prime Minister comes out with some dramatic new diversion tactic. So it's curious that just after I did a press conference on Adani, this entire diversion is put into place. It's interesting. EU journalist, I don't know what time again. Thank you. In view of the COP28, the climate conference in Dubai, what are your expectations? And do you think that India is going to be the major spokesperson for the Global South? Thank you. I don't know. I think India has a relationship with the Global South. And I think there are historical bonds there that make us close to the Global South. We are the spokesman of the Global South. But certainly we have a relationship with them. On the environment, of course, we are as a planet going through these large transitions, energy transition, transition in the way we move. And I think environment is a central issue for India. It's of course not in a country where there are many poor people. It's difficult to make environment top of mind. But I think it is a critical issue and it's very important that we think about it in a strategic and a long-term way. Thanks. Brian Rick, it's representing the European coal industry. And I've enjoyed visits to the European coal industry. And I've enjoyed visits to coal power plants and mines in India. And my hope for the future is a democratic India. And the question relates to that. As China developed very rapidly over the last few decades, its economy became imbalanced. And it's now paying the price for that, I believe. How would you ensure that India's economy doesn't become imbalanced? So how to balance the powers of a market-based economy versus central planning? I think one of the lessons that I learned in my walk was that there is an inherent and profound wisdom in the people of my country. Regardless of which part of society they're in. For example, we're discussing environment. The type of conversations I had with tribal people about the environment were far more sophisticated than I have with people living in cities. So there is an inherent wisdom in the people of India, and I'm sure in the people of Europe and people of Belgium. And I think it's critical for us that in decision-making, we listen to the voice and the intelligence of the people. And that's where we have a fundamental difference with the BJP. We value the voice of the people, we value the voice of poor people, we value the voice of all stakeholders. And we want to hold a conversation with stakeholders before we make decisions. It's sometimes slower, but in the long run it works out much better. And that's really the conflict that is taking place in India. There of the view that you don't need to ask people, you just go ahead and slam everything through. But in our view, there's consequences. With regards to the public sector and the private sector, we are pretty clear that in key strategic areas, public sector should have a role. In education, in healthcare, public sector should provide a foundation. But in other spaces, private industry is probably a better tool to achieve most aims. That's one or two more. Quick. You asked like four questions. You asked three or four questions. Please, thank you. Anybody else? Nobody else, go ahead. Then one or two, that's it. I think the agenda that you're talking about mostly what has been happening in the election manifestors usually, the manifestors of the parties, that's how the elections were initially fought or held where parties came and spoke about the manifestors. Now, with all the changes that have happened in India, we know so many PSUs have been privatized or are on the verge of being privatized in India. How in case in next year's elections, in case tables turn and we see the opposition and the alliance probably coming forward and running the country, how do you think those kind of changes that are so massive that have been happening can be corrected? The privatization of public sector units that has been happening in India, how do you actually rectify that? Because that has actually taken away employment of so many housewives. I mean, women like my mother would probably be a very good candidate for an SBI banking job, but a private sector will not necessarily employ a person of her age and will look for a more competitive growth. So I think that's where I see a lot of people will lose employment because of this in India and are doing that. How does this get rectified? Where we draw the line is the notion of crony capitalism. We don't have a problem with the private sector. We don't have a problem with the government sector. Where we draw the line is where one or two people start to financially control the whole country. And where one or two people or three people are running everything. That's where our problem begins. There's another element to this, which is that government policies in India have systematically attacked the backbone of our employment system. If you look at who gives employment in India, it's the small and medium industry that gives employment in India. And demonetization and GST have devastated those structures. So it's a two-pronged attack that the government is carrying out. Number one, impose a huge transaction cost on all small and medium businesses and ensure that you build two or three monopolies, monopolists who control pretty much everything. So if you look at Mr. Adani, our problem with Mr. Adani is he controls the ports. He controls the airports. He controls agriculture. He controls grain silos. He has real estate. I mean, he's everywhere and he's dominant everywhere. He controls cement. So we think that's counterproductive for the country. And on one side, they are pushing this very monopolistic capital. And on the other side, they're devastating the small and medium people from where we're going to get a job. That's why we're having an unemployment crisis. And the second part is where you require key services, right? Country like India requires the government to be involved in education. It requires the government to be involved in healthcare. And the idea that you can just privatize education and privatize healthcare, it devastates the poorest people because they simply do not have access to this. So they are hitting this from three or four sides and the solutions are pretty clear. I mean, we would invest much more in health and education. We would protect small and medium businesses. We would try to build an economy where small and medium businesses transition to medium businesses and then to large businesses and then to massive businesses. If you look at our small and medium businesses, almost none of them become big businesses. They remain small or they die. And that's because of policy. So you can change policies to ensure that you start building champions in these smaller and medium spaces and you can certainly invest much more in education and healthcare. I'm not saying there's no role for private businesses in education, there is. But the mainstay of any education system in a country like India has to be, you know, it's a government responsibility. And the government can't just say, okay, we are going to, you know, abrogate from this responsibility. So the things that can be done and need to be done are pretty clear. They're not complicated. And if you look at our last manifesto, I think we ironed out quite a few of these ideas. One of the other ideas that we have, which we've tested now, you can get a sense of how we think about these things by looking at our states. So if you look at the healthcare system in Rajasthan, that'll give you a good sense of what we are thinking in terms of healthcare for the country. If you look at our social programs in Karnataka, you get a sense of how we are thinking about social programs for the country. So we tend to run a pilot somewhere, see if it works, and then scale it out. And, you know, for example, Mandrega was such a case where we ran a small pilot, then we scaled it into a state and then we scaled it into the nation. We don't believe in, you know, these rash decisions where you suddenly demonetize the economy or you suddenly impose a GST. In seeding an idea, letting that idea grow, testing the idea, and then scaling it across. Chhattisgarh has some very good ideas on how to support farmers with minimum prices. Karnataka has our, you know, the sort of support that we're giving to women in Karnataka. That's some very interesting work that's going on. And in each one of our states, you can see the sort of type of ideas that we will use when we come to power. Last question. When you were talking to the parliamentarians, you said it was a conversation and you were informing them about sharing, you know, your reading of what's happening in India and you have repeated here that, you know, there are problems back home when it comes to institutions and democratic structures. What was their response to you? Did they seem concerned? Did they seem... Yeah, they were very concerned. And they felt that there is a... They felt that there is an attempt to stifle the democratic structures of India for sure. And I mean, they were very clear with us. You have more questions? I think five questions for one person is good enough. I mean, if you... Thank you very much for your time. We really appreciate it. Thank you, Rahul. Thank you very much. And we hope to see you again. We in touch. Thank you.


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Sexual reproduction which involves creating offsprings from two parents definitely requires more efforts because one needs to find a mate of the opposite sex and then together they reproduce to create offsprings. So clearly it takes more efforts compared to asexual reproduction where only one parent is involved. So the big question I want to try and answer in this question in this video is why did nature evolve this?   You get faster variations. But what does that mean? Well let's use the rest of the video to try and understand this with great detail. So what exactly are these variations? Well we've talked about them in previous videos. In short whenever a cell is ready to divide or reproduce make a copy of itself. The DNA first makes a copy of itself and the DNA copying mechanism is not perfect. So some errors are introduced and as a result the new cell may have some variations compared to the initial cell. And why are they important? They're important because they help species adapt to the ever changing environment of our planet. Now of course if you need more details on what I just said then we have a dedicated video on this called variations. Feel free to go back and check that video out. But anyways since variations are important it makes sense to have these variations faster and that's basically why we have sexual reproduction. But to understand how sexual reproduction helps and makes variations faster let's first go back to something that we already know asexual reproduction. So let's take the example of asexual reproduction. Let's say reproduction by some bacterium. So what I've drawn is just the nucleus of that bacterium. I've not drawn the entire body and this is its DNA. Now when that bacterium is ready to divide it's gonna make a copy of that DNA and that DNA will have some errors. But think about this DNA itself. Even this has accumulated lots and lots of variations because of millions and millions of errors that got accumulated during millions and millions of copying. So if I compare this DNA with some ancient ancestral DNA it also has lots of errors accumulated. And let me show that by drawing some red spots. These are all the millions of errors that got accumulated over millions of years let's say. And now when this one makes a copy of itself it will not make a perfect copy. It'll introduce an additional error. So let's say that additional error gets introduced somewhere over here. I'm gonna represent that with a blue. So this is the new error that got introduced. So this is the new error causing variation in the offspring as well compared to the parent. But here's the thing. If you look at the overall DNA structure of this compared to this one it looks pretty much the same because the error the new error introduced is so tiny it may not even cause any significant variation. In other words this offspring might look identical to the parent. Very good chance. That's the reason why we say offsprings are clones of the parents. Because in most cases the new errors introduced are so insignificantly tiny it won't matter at all. And the same thing is gonna happen when this one reproduces. Again it's going to add up a new error but overall the DNA will pretty much still look the same. So in short variations are very slow in asexual reproduction. Only after lots and lots and lots of copying maybe the errors will accumulate enough to produce some significant variations. Right and therefore we have to wait for a long time to see these variations. That's why variations in asexual reproduction are super slow. So variations are slow. And so the big question now is how do we speed it up? Well immediately one thing we may think of is we might say then why not just introduce more errors while copying the DNA. Let's just make the DNA copying mechanism more imperfect. Right so let's say the copying mechanism was so imperfect that there were many errors introduced while making the copy. When that's all the problem one won't now variations be faster. Answer is no. Why? Well because if you introduce lots of errors in the DNA copying mechanism there's a good chance the DNA won't even work. The cell might just die. Remember DNA is kind of like a recipe for that cell to understand what proteins to get built. And if you introduce too many errors we might have too many errors in the proteins that get built and the cell may not even function properly. It's kind of like when you copy a cooking recipe to you know bake something maybe bake a cake or something. You might change things a little bit here and there randomly not purposely but randomly you might change things a little bit here and there and that still won't cause much changes in the final cake that comes out. But maybe if you change a lot of things in a lot of places and a lot of drastic changes like you know maybe you add two cups of extra sugar or maybe you add 10 liters of extra milk I don't know. Then your cake will be uneatable or it won't even get baked maybe. Right so this is completely out of option. You cannot do this. Errors need to be introduced slowly and since variations are dependent on the errors that means the variations also will be very very slow. So what to do. This is the reason nature came up with a new kind of reproduction all together. Sexual reproduction. And as we will see this technique doesn't solely depend on errors for introducing variations. Errors are definitely required but there is another way in which it introduces variations in its offspring. Let's see how. Over here the cells from two different individuals one male and one female basically opposite sexes they combine to give you an offspring. And now the most important point of the sexual reproduction is to realize that the DNA of these two parents are not identical. Right the variations accumulated in the DNA of one parent will be different than the variations accumulated in the DNA of the other parent. So again I'm going to draw them with red spots. I'm showing them in different places just to show that these set of variations are different than the set of variations over here. And how do I know that? I know that because they don't look the same. Right they have different eye color hair color maybe different texture of the skin height will be different so many differences they will have. So clearly the variations accumulated in one DNA is not the same as accumulated in the other DNA and this is the most important thing. And so now when that's when a new offspring cell is formed basically it gets a copy from both the mother and the father. So here is the copy of the mother here is the copy of the father let's say it gets both these copies. It's a combination of the two DNA. And as a result if you now compare the offspring's DNA with say the father it's not the same because it has variations from the mother so it won't look like the father. Similarly if you compare the DNA of the offspring with the mother it won't look the same because it also has variations from the father and so this will not look like a mother. And so the offspring will neither look like a father not like the mother but it'll be unique because it has its own unique set of variations.  You and I resemble our parents of course but we don't look like clones of them like in asexual reproduction. Therefore we can immediately see very quickly variations get accumulated. And again when this person is ready to find a mate and start reproducing more variations get accumulated because of the combination of their DNA.  Now of course you may be having a lot of questions one question around maybe what do we mean by DNA gets combined what is the meaning of combination or do they get attached to each other or does the nucleus of the new offspring will just end up with two sets of DNA. Does the DNA keep on increasing? What's going on? What happens? Well that's something we'll talk about in the future video. But what did we learn in this video? We learned that in asexual reproduction variations are dependent directly on the errors which are formed due to DNA copying and since these errors are introduced very slowly very minute errors each time the DNA copies the variations are very slow. It's going to take a long time for you to see changes in the structure of that cell. So basically variations are slow. On the other hand in sexual reproduction we have two parents involved and so the DNAs of the two cells of two different individuals combine and as a result the offspring gets a unique set of variations both from the mother and the father. And as a result immediately we will see offspring varying a lot from the mother and the father. The offspring will resemble them of course but they will not be clones. In other words variations become much faster in sexual reproduction. That's their major advantage over asexual reproduction.


A couple of weird hops. I feel like I was, you know, I have to go up. The first one, I feel like it was just a weird spin. The second one, I feel like I was in position to make the play. I just didn't make it. So, you know, it's just unfortunate, but I keep working over there. A couple of guys talked about forgetting the last couple of games and moving forward. How do you turn the page? I think we have a resilient group been showing that all year, no matter what's been thrown at us. So I know we'll be ready tomorrow. Give them our best shot again. What is the challenge like facing Burlander in a game that you have to win now? Same as last time we faced him. He's a good pitcher. I know we're going to battle hard and got our backs against the wall a little bit. So I know we're going to give him everything we've got. Does anything you have to change at bat wise, as far as with runners on scoring position, approach to the plate, guys trying to do too much? Is there anything you've noticed? Nothing in particular, you know? Just keep getting traffic or she can't get that big hit. And I know everyone wants to be in that position to score some runs. It's just having to fall in our way. How tough was it to see Cece go out like that and go probably in his last game here? Yeah, real tough. It was a tough night, and then that happened. And I feel for C. From my perspective, this year in particular, he's given everything he's got. And I know he's pitched through a lot. And it was just tough to watch. Yeah. How was that meeting with Aaron at the end of the game that talked a bit about it? I'm just positive, not out of anything. Definitely not the way we wanted to play tonight. But we're not out of anything and backs against the wall. And I know we're going to keep going. Did you lose a loss or was a loss like this one worse? Well, the timing wasn't good, right? I mean, we really wanted to play well today. But I think we'll be just fine. And I know tomorrow we're going to come out with a lot of energy. P.J., you guys, if he's asked before, what has made their pitchers really tough to see the hit? Yeah, they got a good staff. And like I said, we just haven't been able to get that good hit. I think it's a little bit of a combination of their pitching and us just ball not going our way. But I think their pitching has done a pretty good job so far. And hopefully we can turn the tables.


Thank you very much for listening to my talk, I'm Yunlin Hao, and I'd like to talk about links between division property and other kubatek variants. This is a joint work with Linjiao, Chaoyin Li, Willi Mer, Yuzuki Toto, and Qin Jiuwan. Without the motivation of this work, we start with the latest story in the realm of kubateks. It's about Fu Itao's kubatek results on Shuiviam proposed at Scriptu 2018. They provide a theoretic 855 round result along with the 721 round practical verification. On the kube submissions in the practical attack, they claimed that for wrong guesses, the result is one with probability 50%. Soon afterwards, how Itao give a thorough analysis to Fu's result in Eprint. They provide theoretic evidence that the 855 round result is questionable, and the practical one is completely self-contradicting. They find that the kube submissions in the practical attack are constantly zero for both correct and incorrect key guesses. How's finding Fu to admit their mistakes in Eprint? They admit that they forget to test the 32-dimensional kubes on the wrong key guessing. They provide 29-dimensional new kubes as a remedy to the 721 round result. However, Fu Itao have no response to the theoretic result, so the questionable comment remains. Finally, at Eurocrypt 2020, the conclusion on Fu's results and remedy is finally joined by how Itao using a three-subset division property technique. They prove that the 855 round result doesn't work, and the remedy is wrong as well. Instead of blaming Fu and appealing for an honest research, we should learn a more important lesson. The theoretically reliable key recovery result should include two proofs. Firstly, there is detectable non-randomness when the key guess is correct. Secondly, randomness is verified when the key guess is wrong. Taking proof 2 for granted can cause catastrophic consequences, but the proof act is that some practical attacks due to the lack of computational resources simply assume proof 2 to be true without any verification. In 2011, Theyner Itao proposed the first dynamic kuba attack on full grain 128. It is a practical attack implemented on an FTGA cluster. They use 51 specific cubes to detect the non-randomness named the bias phenomenon, which means over 50 cube summations are zero. They expect that there is bias phenomenon detected for the correct key guess, and for wrong guesses, the cube summations are random zero or ones. But according to their experiments, the bias phenomenon can only be detected for 8 out of 107 randomly chosen keys. Furthermore, the randomness of the wrong key guess has never been tested. Therefore, it is unknown whether proof 2 is true or whether Daenerys attack is available. Even if proof 2 were to be true, the success probability of Daenerys attack should still be 7.5% which is quite low. Faced with the situation, our initial goal is to give a theoretically more reliable dynamic kuba attack on grain 128 with higher success probabilities. To be more specific, our new dynamic kuba attack guarantees all 29 cube summations to be constant zero when the key guess is correct. For wrong key guesses, we only ask that not all cube summations are zero. Under certain assumptions, we show that proof 2 is true with probability about 99.83%. The theoretic tool we use is the division property, a powerful tool for deducing theoretically available kuba attacks. We now introduce the concepts used in this paper. In the context of kuba attacks, a stream cipher starts from an initial state SO containing secret key bits x and the public IV bits v. Then, the updating function is called iteratively for r rounds to generate a state Sr where key and IV bits are thoroughly mixed. Finally, an output bit is generated as z. The algebraic normal form af of z can be represented as a complicated polynomial of key and IV variables as follows. The coefficient Au to the f is a binary polynomial of key bits corresponding to the IV monomer v to the u. In cube attack, a cube index zi is predefined. Such i uniquely determines an IV monomer v to the Ki. The output bit is uniquely decomposed as z equals to v to the Ki times Pi plus Qi, where Pi is called the superpoly. For such zi and a binary vector IV, a specific structure named cube is defined as Ci containing 2 to the i vector v's. Dinner and Shamir have proved that the value of the superpoly can be computed by summing the output z's corresponding to all the vector v's in the cube. If the superpoly is secretly related with the simple af, we can recover the af offline and get the exact value Pi online with a cube summation. In this way, one bit of key related information is recovered directly. The dynamic cube attack is based on the volume of the observation. For a particularly intermediate state bit sij becomes a constant zero, the af of the output bit z will change significantly. With such an af change may be reflected by a particular non-random property called the bias phenomenon. For randomly chosen key x, the value of the superpoly Pi is more likely to be zero rather than one, indicating that the epsilon in the equation is larger than zero. The notification of the crucial bit sij is achieved by setting an IV bit vL, referred as the dynamic IV, to a particular value, a function fL determined by the af of sij. Therefore, during the cube summation, three kinds of IV bits are to be assigned in different manners. The cube IVs are still traversing all possible values. The constant IVs remain constants. The dynamic IVs are set afterwards according to the an of fL. Of course, the fL involves key bits, so the whole process of the dynamic cube attack can also be divided into offline and online phases. In the offline phase, the adversary should find many qualified cubes having significant bias when sij is successfully notified. What we've heard as significant bias means the epsilon in the equation is large. With these cubes in the online phase, we need to get the key bits involved in the an of of the dynamic value and compute the cube submissions for each key guess to acquire the bias, indicating that the number of zeros in the n-cube submissions. The key guess corresponding to the most significant bias is most likely to be the correct one. The cubes used in dynamic cube attacks should be qualified with the two proofs of theoretical reliable key recovery attacks. More specifically, for the correct key guess, there is large bias epsilon zero for the for the wrong guess, the bias epsilon one should be proved small. The largest possible epsilon zero is two to the minus one when the superpolypi is constant zero. The smallest epsilon one should also be proved. If epsilon one equals to zero, the cube submission is random. Let's get down to the essence of the bias phenomenon. According to its definition, the bias phenomenon reflects the proportion of keys that make the superpolypi in zero. The number of zero sum keys is larger than that of one sum keys by epsilon. Dinner's dynamic cube attack practically verified a positive epsilon zero in proof one. But for proof two, they simply assume epsilon one equals to zero. In our dynamic cube attack, we are able to theoretically prove the largest possible is close epsilon zero improved one. In proof two, we are able to find a deterministic weak key class w such that the superpoly value corresponding to the weak keys are all zero. Our assumption is that the non-weak keys have random superpoly values, so the bias epsilon one can be computed directly with the key space size. In other words, our attack moves a tiny step forward than dinner's in proof two. Dinner tells directly assume the superpoly values are random for all keys while we assume randomness for the non-weak keys. The theoretic tool we use is the division property. It was proposed at Eurogroup 2015 and was originally used for finding the grow characteristics for block ciphers. With the division property, the traditional integral property of a multiset is represented as a set of binary vectors denoted as k. When the multiset is encrypt through iterative updating function calls, the corresponding division property set k change accordingly to track the integral property propagation. With the updating function calls, the multiset transforms from x0 to xr and the division property also propagates from ko to kr. The k vectors in ko to kr form a chain referred as a division trail. If there is no division trail ko to ej, we know that j ciphertext bit has zero sum property. The ability of a division trail is evaluated with the MRRP model constructing and solving process. For a division trail ko to kr, each of their entries are regarded as binary variables of an MRRP model m. The updating function is described as a set of linear constraints. The final vector kr is intentionally set to ej in order to evaluate the zero sum property of the jth bit. Then the model m is solved with an MRRP model solver like groovy. If m is infeasible, the jth bit has zero sum property. The division property description to a stream cipher is quite straightforward. The r-round initialization is the same with that of block cipher. It only differs that there is an additional output bit. So the final vector is krkz and is dedicatedly assigned to 01. The corresponding MRRP model m is constructed and solved accordingly. If m is infeasible, we know the superpoly pi is constant 0. After introduced to the realm of ko, the division property has further developed. New techniques such as flag technique and degree evaluation are proposed. The former improves the accuracy of the division property by imposing each bit with flag value to control the model construction process. The latter replace the traditional constraints kx equals to 0 with an objective function maximizing the hamming weight of kx. So as to upper bound the algebraic degree of the superpoly. Combining the two technique is the division property based degree evaluation algorithm with flag technique. If the algorithm returns minus 1, the superpoly is constant 0. If it returns 0, the superpoly can be either constant 0 or constant 1. For a positive integer d, the superpoly is a polynomial of degree no higher than d. Degree 128 states consists of LFSR and NFSR. We find that the NFSR bit generated at the 31st initialization round denoted as b158 is a crucial bit. It can be notified by setting the v30 or v90 bit to the corresponding dynamic value. Dynamic value is based on the analysis of the b158a and f. Such a crucial intermediate state bit can be notified if v90 or v30 is set to its dynamic value f90 or f30 respectively. f90 and f30 contain three bits of key related information namely GO x42 and x125. In order to correctly assign the dynamic IV, the three bits should be correctly guessed. For a wrong guess, the b158 will not be notified but become one of the seven values including constant 1. Such values corresponds to the wrong guesses can be easily deduced with the a and f of b158. Among the seven wrong key guesses, the wrong guess, w equals to 1, will make the crucial intermediate state bit have the lowest algebraic degree. So we take w equals to 1 as the representation of wrong key guesses. The MRRP model construction for our dynamic cube attack is as follows. The starting point is also the initial vector corresponding to key and IV bits. Before modeling the updating function calls, the dynamic IV should be assigned to its dynamic value corresponding to the a and f. This will affect the division property by imposing constraints to the model m. So the division property vector is now ko sub. Then the updating function is called as original RIN128 process, except for at round 31, where the intermediate state bit b155 and 58 is generated. For the correct key guess, the flag is assigned to 0 while for the wrong guess is 1. The constraints in model m are both b158 equals to 0, so the guess w can only affect the model construction process afterwards. Apparently, the model m's for correct and incorrect key guesses are different. Q i, the degree evaluation method can be called based on such model m so as to upper bound the degree of the superpoly. Such degree evaluation algorithm takes as input not only i and IV, but the key guess w as well. Based on such a degree evaluation technique, we design the preliminary criteria for a qualified cube that are likely to satisfy both proof 1 and proof 2 of our dynamic cube attack. For proof 1, we restrict that DO equals to minus 1, indicating that for the correct key guess, the submission over the cube is constantly 0. So there is detectable zero sum property as not randomly simple. For proof 2, we restrict d1 to an integer much larger than 0, so the superpoly corresponding to the wrong key guess is likely to be a complicated polynomial with high algebraic degree. According to such criteria, we randomly construct cube i's and collect some qualified cube candidates. They are of dimension 90 and their d1's are no less smaller than 39. For each cube, we need to construct the weak key classes for the wrong key guesses. We first introduce a weak key class defined by a subset of key indices called split set denoted as lambda. As far as a key x satisfies that the entries of their position at lambda are all 0, the corresponding superpoly value is constant 0. The split set can be easily checked with modified division property based degree evaluation technique. Before the model construction, the flag values corresponding to the split set entries are all set to 0. With such flag values, additional constraints should be imposed accordingly. With such model m, the degree evaluation should always return minus 1 indicating that the superpoly is constant 0 or corresponding to such weak key. If we are able to acquire the minimum split set lambda based on our proof 2 assumption, bias of the wrong key guesses can be evaluated. As can be seen, the smaller the minimum split set is, the less significant the bias can be. Accordingly, with significant bias for wrong guesses, the success probability of our dynamic cube attack can be higher. The success probability can be computed easily as well. We construct the minimum split set lambda in a heuristic manner. We start from an empty set lambda 0, then we traverse the remaining indices and expand the split set by picking the one bringing the largest degree drop. The iteration ends until the evaluated degree drops to minus 1. With this method, we are able to construct the minimum split set for the 29 cubes used in our dynamic cube attack. To make sure we get the higher success probability, we must make sure that the minimum split set of the cubes are not too small. So the criteria of qualified cubes is changed. We restrict that the minimum split sets are of size larger than 2. Fortunately, all 29 cubes have minimum sets containing at least two elements, so the overall success probability of our attack is evaluated as 99.83%. The concept of split set can also be used in other situations. As we have demonstrated, the smaller the minimum split set is, the more significant the bias phenomenon can be. For an R-round stream cipher, if the degree evaluation algorithm returns a positive integer, even for the largest possible cube i and the largest possible split set lambda, we regard such round number R as the secure bound for the cipher against the bias-based cube tester. Apparently, the largest possible cube is the one containing all i, v bits, and the largest possible split sets are those only missing one element of all key indices. Using this method, we are able to give the bounds for grain-like stream ciphers. As can be seen, the bounds for bias is usually larger than those of zero sum. Especially for grain 128, the bias bound is even larger than the originally designed initialization round number. Therefore, our method is an efficient tool for newly designed stream ciphers to determine their number of initialization rounds. In ordinary key requirement attack for a superpoly-related key index j, we consider the split set lambda j and call the modified degree evaluation algorithm. We can evaluate its degree dj. If dj is larger than zero, we know that the corresponding key cannot appear in the linear part of the superpoly, so the coefficient of xj is zero. Therefore, we do not need to compute such a coefficient through a cube summation, which diminishes the complexity by 2 to the i. In this way, we are able to improve the current best results on crivium and acron by 1 and 13 rounds. To sum up, the contribution of this paper is that we have broadened the application of the division property technique. We link the division property with three cube attack variants, namely the dynamic cube attack, the bioscube tester, and the ordinary cube attack. More specifically, we propose a new dynamic cube attack on full grain 128. In comparison with dener's original one, our attack has much better success probability. For the bioscube tester, we draw secure bounds for grain-like stream ciphers. This is a promising tool for determining the number of initialization rounds for newly designed primitives. Finally, we give improved cube attack results on crivium and acron. In the future, there are still works to be done to better modeling the non-randomness used in cube attacks and cube testers. The existing attacks should also be improved. We will also introduce the three subset division property to the realm of dynamic cube attack.


Hi, I'm Mr. Badner, and I'm going to read you my favorite story, The Pout Pout Fish. Deep in the water where the fish hang out, Liz a glum gloomy swimmer with an ever-present pout. I'm a pout pout fish with a pout pout face, so I spread the dreary wearies all over the place. Blub, blub, blub. Along comes a clam with a wide-winning grin and a pearl of ice for her pal to take in. Mr. Fish, with your crosstown frow, don't you think it's time to turn it upside down? Says the fish to his friend. Nice thought, Ms. Clam. I hear what you're saying, but it's just the way I am. I'm a pout pout fish with a pout pout face, so I spread the dreary wearies all over the place. Blub, blub, blub. Along comes a jellyfish. He floats through the ocean. His tentacles are trailing in a gentle look of motion. Hey, Mr. Fish, with your daily scaly scowl. I wish you wouldn't greet us with a grimace and a growl. Says the fish to his friend. Mr. Jelly, I agree. I'd like to be more friendly, but it isn't up to me. I'm a pout pout fish with a pout pout face, so I spread the dreary wearies all over the place. Blub, blub, blub. Along comes a squid, quite a slender squiggly sight. She is squirmy. She is squelchy. She's slightly impolite. Hey, Mr. Fish, you kaleidoscope of smoke. How about a smile, a little joy, a little hope? Says the fish to his friend. Mrs. Squid, I would try, but I haven't any choice. Take a look, and you'll see why. I'm a pout pout fish with a pout pout face, so I spread the dreary wearies all over the place. Blub, blub, blub. Along comes an octopus with eight great arms, covered to the underside with tiny sucker charms. Hey, Mr. Fish, let me tell it to you straight. You're hulky bulky sulking. It's an unattractive trait. Says the fish to his friend. Mr. Eight, my chum, with a mouth like mine. I'm destined to be glum. I'm a pout pout fish with a pout pout face, so I spread the dreary wearies all over the place. Blub, blub, blub. Now along comes a fish in a silent silver shimmer. The gang has never seen before this bright and brilliant swimmer. She approaches Mr. Fish, but instead of saying hey, she plants a kiss upon his pout, and then she swims away. Mr. Fish is most astounded. Mr. Fish is just aghast. He is stone-faced like a statue, then he blinks and speaks at last. My friends, says Mr. Fish. I should have known it all along. I thought that I was pouty, but it turns out I was wrong.  So I'll smooch, smooch, smooch, smooch, smooch. I hope you enjoyed the pout pout fish. If you liked it, there are other books just like this in the library and even more in the series. So head to your library and check out some pout pout fish books. Keep reading!


ite Sox. And then true gold is going to be Danza Williams 43 out of 50 going to the Orioles. Nice one there. Congrats on that one, AMO. There we go, buddy. That'll do it for the break, AMO. Thanks again as always for the support, my man. We'll get those right out to you, buddy. All a snack pick of that. Arias, actually. That's big enough. That's it. All right. Got John D. coming up next with a optic basketball, or contender's optic basketball. Certainly wants this guy. They have the double barrel shotgun. And he shoots around and shoots him up. Yeah. That's like a mythic. He keeps, does it again. He does it, dude. He just, you know, like miles above the thing. Yup. Just keeps doing it. Yeah. Yeah. I was cracking him in. I'm like, what is this? He's using that gun.  But I would tell you this. I've been using some of the crackers. Oh yeah? The things that I use here. Yeah. That's a way to do it, honestly. Honestly, I would say so. Tree. Like we hit the Steph Curry Gold Vinyl today. We hit like 3K'd autos. Gold Evan Mobley auto. A couple of Scotty Barnes. Jaylen Green. Josh Giddy. What else do we hit? Steph Curry auto. A couple other big cards too. That's a really good day with the competitors off there. No, Randy. I did not watch the Magic Hawks game. Thank you very much. I did not watch that, Randy. No, I did not. That was yesterday, I think. It was today. Was that today? Was that really early on today, maybe? It's all blended together at this point. No, because yesterday was... I think that was yesterday. Because yesterday was that in the... I want NFC East and you go, well then buy in. Yeah. We had a couple I want a free card today. Yeah. So then the answer to that is always we'll just send us your credit card number. Yeah. All right, good luck here, John. What's going on, everyone? Sam here with Layton Sports Guards. We are ripping one box out of the brand new 2122 Panini Contenders Optic Hobby for John Deet. Of course, that's basketball. So good luck, John. See what we got in there for you, man. Hopefully something big. The guy asked to be banned. You're like, all right. Yeah, that was cool. That was fun.  I want to see what happens. All right, see ya. Double five today. Double five, yeah. That was one with a free one, too. Kat. Harry Rozier. Shrae Murphy. We've got RJ Barrett. That is six out of 15. Nice one there. That's awesome, man. On the Orange Vet Auto, that is like the perfect color match, too. The blue and orange. Nice StarJ. Again, eight out of 15. We're one off Jersey number there. Joshua Primo and Jason Tatum, a uniformity, 44 out of 75. Nice one there. That'll do it for your break there. Josh, thanks again for your support. We'll get those right out to you, my man. We got to collect some more personals now. Shad with... Be right back, guys. We'll grab these. What are we starting with? Shad. Just upload this last video really quick. All right. Good luck here, Shad. What's going on, everyone? Sam here. Late in sports, guys. We're up in one box of 21-22, a Panini Select basketball H2, and one box of 22, a Bowman at Chrome Baseball Choice for Shad L. So good luck here, Shad. See what we got in here for you, buddy. Start with the Select H2. Jaylen Green. Santhe Aldema. Tram it, yeah. Of course, yeah. Got a red coming up. Of Cade Cunningham. 14 of 49. There we go, Shad. Congrats, man. Nice one there. There we go. Tick-tock. Beautiful Cade. Out of an H2 box. Get that magged up for you. Plus a Zyre William Silver on the Concourse. Got a blue coming up as well. That's going to be Isaiah Jackson. And a Zyre Williams. That is 19 out of 25. Nice one there for the Gris. Doing well right now, Shad. Congrats, buddy. Pack. We've got Kyle Kuzma and Eric Ledzo. Now we've got your 1 box of 22 Bowman Chrome Choice. Good luck. Green on top. That's going to be nice. 40 out of 99. Cal Conley for the Braves. Take that for sure. Nice Cal Conley. Up next we've got... Oh, I thought it was someone else. And we've got an Orange in here too. It's going to be a blue Raywave and 20 open arrow. I thought that was a choreo. 139 out of 150. Nice one there, Shad. We've got an Orange behind it, Shad. That could be big. It could be real big. That is 25. Yes, there it is. Got Orange. It's going to be Isaac De Leon on the awesome color match. That is Orange Wave. Five of 25 Orioles. Nice one there. Very, like I said, very nice color match. Isaac De Leon. That'll do it for your break right there, Shad. Thanks again, as always, my man. We've got those right out to you, buddy. All right, thanks again, TikTok. We live probably in a couple minutes. There's no use in even staying live once we're done to even try to... We're at 225 at one point. I used Pryate. Not going to be a pick, yeah. Got Ryan A coming up next with Donros Optic Choice. Ryan A from last night, that is. Who hit the Zappy, yeah. With the corn. That's Ryan from Mass. Yeah, I remember last night, Ryan from Mass. Hit the Zappy out of Elite, that was sick. The Optic Choice. I believe that is, right? Yes, Donros Optic Choice basketball. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. You want to do that? Yeah. All right, cool. Ryan A. All right, good luck here, Ryan. What's going on, everyone? Sam here, late in sports cards, ripping one box of the 2021-22 Penini Donros Optic Basketball Choice for Ryan A. So good luck, Ryan. Let's do it, man. Six cards inside. We're looking for two silvers in auto, choice exclusive. No, one silver in auto, choice exclusive, numbered card, and then two rookie red mojos. Walker Silver. Auto is going to be Tony Allen, Gritt and Grind, baby. Celtics. Nice PC hit for you there, man. Nemius Keita. That's going to be your choice exclusive, red-green. Nice one there. CJ McCollum. That is 43 out of 88 on the red mojo. Then your red mojo, rookies not numbered. Trey Murphy, the third. And Kessler Edwards. That will do it for your break there. Ryan, thanks as always, my friend. We'll get those right out to you, buddy. All right. I'm just going to fill my water bottle up really quick. Next one is JJ. He's got one of the Bowman Chrome Choice. JJ. Good luck, JJ. What's going on, everyone? Sam here with Layton Sports Cards. We're ripping one box of 22 Bowman Chrome Choice HTA Baseball for JJG. So good luck here, JJ. Let's get after it. Great case of choice. Holy cow, man. Because right on top, we've got a blue choice. That's going to be Yasser Mercedes. 48 out of 150. There we go. Congrats, JJ. Nice card right here, man. This is awesome. One of the big prospects you're looking for right there.  Followed by, wow. It's going to be your Donnie De Los Santos.  That's unbelievable. This is like three really good hits. Your Donnie De Los Santos for the Pirates. And then another mag. We've got base auto. How about Brady House? Boom. Dude. That's unbelievable. We had the Yasser Mercedes blue choice. Your Donnie De Los Santos base auto and now the Brady House base auto. That's about as good as you can get right there. That's insane. Holy cow, man. Wow. What a box. That was awesome. Congrats, man.  It's kind of unreal. We'll get that right out to you, JJ. Thanks as always, man. We got the optic coming up next. Optic baseball. Dude, I can't wait for Friday. For triple threads. Scott M coming up next. That's Scott on that one. All right, good luck here. Scott, let's do it, buddy. What's going on, everyone? Sam here, late in sports cards. Ripping one box of 2022 Panini Donneress Optic. Oh, that's choice baseball. Whoops. Wrong one. There you guys. Good thing I caught that. He's got Donneress Optic choice baseball. That's not, that is hobby. One sec. Let me go grab one from the back. Sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry. Rocky Missa. Rocky Missa. Please let it open the box. That would be even more. Oh, my. It's not yet. Yeah, it's not honest with you. All right. Now, good luck here, Scott. Sam here, late in sports cards. Ripping one box of 22 Panini Donneress Optic choice baseball for Scott M. Good luck, Scott. See what we got, man. 10 cards, three autographs on average. Got Royce Lewis on the silver. And Mike Bowman as well on the silver. Got a purple choice auto. It's going to be a Reese Nair. 72 out of 88 on the purple for the Padres. We've got a blue Glen auto 98 out of 99 the auto auto for the Rangers. Nice one there. And we've got Sharon Durand. That is a 49 out of 99. Nice one for the Red Sox. We've got Garrett Cole on the looks like dragon scale. That is 80 out of 99. Cool one there. The green scale Yankees. And we've got to 99. That's Tim Anderson for the Cubs are not the Cubs. The White Sox. Excuse me. The other Chicago team. We've got Jeremy Pena. Nice one there. That's 97 out of 99 on the rated rookie. Grats on that. Followed by your choice. Exclusive Ronald Acuna Jr. That is 35 out of 46. And rookie is Tyler McGill. That's going to be numbered 40 out of 46. I'll do it for your break there. Scott congrats on the hits my man. We'll get them right out to buddy. Thank you. He's going to take talk. Link in the bio. We've got Justin coming up next. Bowman Chrome choice. Justin. All right. Good luck Justin. What's going on everyone. Sam here. Lay it sports cards. We're in one box of 2022 Bowman Chrome baseball HTH choice for Justin S. Good luck here Justin. See what we got buddy. We're getting chilly. Yeah everybody leaves. Yeah I know honestly. It's not any more babies running around. Nice one here. Refractor 125 out of 499. Jarlin Susanna. That's for the Padre solid one there. That's on that Justin. Great first card. We've got the base auto. That's for the Rangers Jojo Blackman. Congrats on the Blackman base. And finish it off. We've got Jack Herman. That is a first base auto for the Pirates. We'll do a free break there. Justin thanks again for jumping in man. Get him right out to you buddy. Different one but Justin again. That's going to be two boxes of absolute. Look here Justin. What's going on everyone. Sam here with Lay it sports cards. Ripping two boxes of 2022 Panini absolute football hobby for Justin H. Good luck Justin. Let's do it. Punt some kabooms here. That'd be cool. Two box personal. Pull a big kaboom. Why not man. Why not us why not now. Glass or an explosive something. Something of the sorts. Aaron Jones draft diamonds to 75. Nice one there for the Packers. Got the base CD lamb. Miles Sanders or Sam Williams for the Cowboys to 275. Followed by easy Eric Azucano 206 out of 399 for the Dolphins. Yeah. Just ruining the Dolphins. No we're trying to bring hype to the Dolphins. They need it bad right now. That's true. Mr. Brandon Cooks to 25. These boxes are like 400. I want to say a piece 450 something like that. You know 400 to 450 a piece. Go off and Derek Henry. Damian Pierce on the two colored patch to 7 of 49 for the Paxons. And Dalton Schultz nice one there 92 out of 99 tools of the trade. Jersey Auto. A lot of like damage on that edge. Looks like it was missed. We'll send an empty mini box and wrapper for you. Justin sorry about that man. Last mini box to box one. All right we got Jeremy Ruckert 350. Nice one there for the Jets. Jonathan Taylor and CMC. Going to the Dolphins again tools of the trade. 22 out of 199 at Jalen Water with the Jersey and the gold football. That's pretty cool looking. Grats on that one there. Justin and we've got Kyle Phillips. That is nine out of 75 on the holographic auto. Grats on that one for the Titans. It's Victoria again. Victoria the uh what's I going to say uh the Dolphins man. Let's go Victoria. No no she's the Biltsman. Oh. Biltsman. Pipe down Victoria. I want the NFC East. I am. I am. I want him too. Hold on. Talk about it. You talk about it. Victoria said to see you Saturday we ain't scared. Victoria I have a bad habit with you young lady. All right. Enough of that. Got an explosive. Oh really? Or a Kaboom one or the other. All right so we've got Russel Wilson. Trap Diamonds the 50. Is it Kaboom or an explosive? She still talking about it. explosive explosive not anymore now all right good luck we've got explosive sauce gardener my dope man two of ten dope that's awesome dude a mod sauce gardener look at that one tick-tock two of ten sauce god these are so nasty congrats there we go Justin there we go buddy let's go man fire right there there's Josh Pascal to 275 so nasty and Shreya McBride rookie premier 235 out of 399 for the didn't know his first time it's his first name until now I feel like nobody calls him a mod gardener because he's like he'll have like a mod sauce gardener with like the X like the quotation marks no yeah quotation marks but he won't have like a mod gardener unless it's leaf basically stargazing is CD lamb so 100 no way we got a glass dude really wow what a box man here we go we've got a glass glass redemption here we go let's see who he is glass number nine Alvin Kamara very cool that's gonna be awesome man nice one there Justin got two case hits and too many boxes of the second box that's kind of unreal till you guys go right there on tick-tock that's what the glass looks like they don't put it in live because it's a gate that breaks yeah it's a glass card yeah so it is a redemption so nice one there congrats Justin got Rashad White to 275 and another sauce gardener this time 63 out of 199 the quad rookie premier you say I need help I'll Hamilton 64 out of 75 yeah I know it's like it's disconnected from the channels that we have a kaboom in this one no way that's unbelievable we literally have a kaboom in this one no way we had a explosive glass and a kaboom all in the same box each mini box had one that's nutty dude alright what are we thinking here guys who we think of for the kaboom what's your guess I'm gonna say LT give me the Danian Tomlinson Shawn who do you got got kaboom miles Garrett dude that's so sick what a person what a personal is right holy cow man miles Garrett on the kaboom how cool is that I know that is the best absolute personal box I've ever seen it can't it literally cannot get better than that unreal man congrats Justin nice miles Garrett we'll get that mag for you man one Dale Robinson got sauce gardener that's 80 out of 99 on the triple patch ball jersey and two sauce orders yeah that'll do it for your break Justin I mean that was like pretty solid right there man congratulations that was unreal thank you man yeah I would say so honestly thank you again tiktok link in the bio a great great for tiktok too I have to say yeah that's like as good as that gets right there had a couple of gifts to come in too yeah alright guys two more personals on the night that was weird dude Jimmy the intern at Panini definitely mess that one up the first off the lines yeah yeah that was in contenders optic right football right it was football yeah I remember the contenders optic that was a big deal that was a big mess up there's like three chases three trevors two max it was unreal dude and like one break yeah photo cards that's unreal dude I got mark up next yeah I was gonna say see in a whole case without one of those cases come out we had one of those a couple days ago and then we had one box with all three crazy just like literally like entire case will not have any of those and then one box every mini box has one that's insane dude yeah I've been up until the borough up until Joshua's borough yesterday I have had no luck with with that with kabooms this year nothing I've hope hit nothing yeah it's weird man yeah good luck here mark it's going on everyone Sam here late in sports cards ripping one box of 22 up any absolute football hobby for mark s it's good luck here mark see we got buddy orange is gonna be Aidan Hutchinson to 75 nice one there draft diamonds Aaron Donald Michael Carter there's Antoine or Alante Taylor for the Saints to 75 we've got Damien Pierce to 399 on the rookie premier triple jersey ball jersey on the taxes blue Jameson Williams 48 out of 50 pretty cool his first career catch with touchdown Jameson I think this week I think a week before yeah yeah Andre Hopkins James Robinson got nice one here that's gonna be a groundhogs of Derek Henry 82 out of 99 the first one I've seen of this so it's actually really cool this is iconic ink 34 of 35 how about a Carson Palmer for the Bengals Bengals legend USC legend Heisman winner I think I could be wrong about that yeah him and Jordan yeah I was in trophy no to let's go baby what year was it oh too I think he was the first overall pick in oh three oh yeah the Bengals couldn't draft a quarterback save their life years before that all right got red Christian McCaffrey to 100 it's good areas Tony and Mike Evans we've got a rookie force that is 27 out of 49 Hassan Haskins and a nice one here we've got for the commanders 53 out of 75 for Darian Mathis on the rookie auto that'll do a break there mark thanks again for jumping in you appreciate my man we'll get those right out to you buddy thank you sir got Sam on this one good luck here Sam let's do it man what's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports guards ripping one box of a 2021-22 we need contenders optic basketball hobby for Sam a it's good luck here Sam with the end on a high note so you can get out of here deer and fox on the 75th anniversary short print red dream on we've got auto Herbert Jones on the red that's gonna be numbered 40 out of 99 for the pelicans nice one there on card auto Herbert Jones kind of a stud got jaren Jackson Jammarant on the pick and roll nice one here superstar die cut LeBron red ice that's on that and a Chris Paul uniformity 15 out of 75 for the Suns that'll do it for your break there Sam thanks again for the sport man we'll get those right out to you buddy all right guys that will do it from Sean and I tonight I got forest starting at 4 p.m. tomorrow gonna be doing a ton more contenders optic few other group breaks as well drop you guys the break schedule to that Sean I'll be here tomorrow I will not be I will see you guys again on a Friday morning personally have a good night


The Center for African Liberation and Social Economic Rights, CALSA, has praised the chief of naval staff, Immanuel O'Gala, and the Nigerian Navy for achieving breakthroughs in its campaign against oil theft and arrest of criminals in the country. The executive director, Dr. Uzah Thomas, at a press conference on Wednesday in Abuja, also applauded the Navy for their efforts in curtailing oil theft and loss of critical economic assets. In his address, Mr. Thomas said that the giant strides recorded by the Navy are due to the exceptional leadership of the chief of naval staff, Vice-Admiral Immanuel O'Gala, Uzah therefore urged all relevant stakeholders to extend their support to the Nigerian Navy in the country's war against crude oil theft. We wish to state that the Nigerian Navy has indeed risen to the occasion in maintaining a professionally competent and ethical naval force. This has translated to tangible gains in the war against crude oil theft, which neither to assume the dangerous dimension that resulted in severe economic losses to the country. Scores of vessels loaded with stolen crude have been intercepted and operators of illegal refineries have been arrested and handed over for prosecution. If this temple continues, crude oil theft will soon be a theme of the past. This is highly commendable because the ongoing efforts to curb crude oil theft will ultimately lead to an increase in crude oil production for the country, which will lead to the improved revenue at the same time. This is also a clear-on call to all relevant stakeholders to extend their support to the Nigerian Navy in the country's war against crude oil theft. It must be noted that addressing the malaise is not the responsibility of the Nigerian Navy alone. Other stakeholders are required to extend their support with an air-killing objective of ensuring a robust and compulsive solution to the Nigerian crude oil theft problem.


Llyw fai pre-season training has begun again, how have we found it so far? It's one of them things in it, it's pre-season, it's not going to be an easy ride and obviously a lot of running.  Have you found it personally tough, the standards like we say, three and a half, four months out of action, has it been reflected in the way that we've been working? Yes, I suppose so, but I think a lot of the lads have kept themselves fit. I think the running we've done today, a lot of them were fairly well. One of the new faces is coming in first time around pretty much all of these players, how have you taken to your surroundings and all of your teammates or your new teammates as well? I knew a few of them, obviously knows it's come forth as well. I knew Dylan from playing against them before and youth teaming that. I spoke to the lads about some of the lads here and said they were a great bunch of lads so I didn't have any worries about fitting in or speaking to anyone. I've enjoyed it all the lads are decent.  Has it been quite strange to read just some things like that? I don't know, not really. It's professional football. I think everything is near enough the same other than the environment that you're in because obviously I've been at Scumfort for 12 years, so to move. That's probably any difference. Everyone is a professional football team in league too and pretty much the same really. Stuart and Kenny are obviously well accustomed to you've worked under them before at Scumfort. Have their methods changed in so to speak? I suppose it's pretty early to say like but I've been in one day really so I think the tactics and everything, if they're similar, I'll probably be able to tell.  Kenny and the Gaffer were probably one of the main reasons I came just because I've had them before and I know how they work and I played some best football under them so to link up with the Gaffer and Kenny and obviously come to this massive club is something I was really keen to do. Would you say based on that it's lived up to your expectations then the whole sort of infrastructure? Yeah, definitely. I think coming to a club as big as Bradford I think all of this comes with it, training ground, going to the stadium seeing how big it is compared to where I was before so I'm excited to get going now. Having said that, how confident are we after what we've seen over the first few days and weeks of achieving our aims this season really and setting that precedent early? 100% I think there's no secret to what we want to do here. I think the minimum is to get into playoffs and hopefully shoot for the top.