Okay. Hello, hello, everyone. Hello, everyone. My case is not working. My case is not working? I think my case is milled. Okay. Okay. Hello, everyone. And thank you for attending my talk. I think it's lunchtime. I'm very glad so many people are here. Okay. Before I start, I want to explain about the topic, open source in Davion. And actually this is open source. Open build service is developed by OpenSUSE, which is infrastructure for building your packages. And we have been using that at work for a lot. So my employee encouraged me to contribute to making Davion official packages. So now it's available in Davion packages. So my talk won't cover how Davion use OBS. But we use OBS at work to build the Davion directive. Yeah. So this is the topic. So I hope it won't confuse you guys so much. So really thank you to attend. And also I need to thank that OpenSUSE, create such nice tools. It's very easy to use and save a lot of time. And also I also need to thank FullStand to give me the opportunity. And this is my first FullStand. I've never been here before. So this is the first time for me. Okay. Let me introduce myself. My name is Andrew Lee. And my original name is Li Jianqiu. I'm from Taiwan. So I've started to contribute to OpenSUSE by doing the RPM packages in Red Hat and Maindrink. And then later on become Davion developer since 2009. And at that time I was packaging the LXDE project, which is a lightweight desktop. So I make it into the Davion and also modify Davion's dollar I also work in the built-in fast charge team in Collabora for more than 5 years. So at work I use OBS a lot to building the distribution or packages for client's needs. So let's start the talk today. Okay. Let's look at the agenda. Okay. During this talk I will give you guys a simple overview about what OBS is and how can it benefit you. And also I will give an example that how it has building very nice workflows like we are using nowadays. And also I will explain about the applications in OBS. So you have basic idea that how OBS has multiple machines running has also the builder be high. So once after you have the application overview, it will be easier for you to install the package in official Davion distribution to set up OBS for your need. And in the end I will provide that how you can modify to optimize that you need and put into OBS into your infrastructure at work. Okay. Let's look at the overview and let's start to look at the classic packaging way just without OBS. I used to that you have a user you need your software you need to build. For example here is an example you build MD64, Articature, Davion JC packages and then once you build it and you publish into your repository so users can download your package. And then for time being you have more users. They request multiple distribution like Davion has a new release like a stretch you need to have another repository. And this kind of thing that you need to maintain two clean chelute one is for Davion JC and one is for stretch for your users to download. And then you need to upload twice after you build the binary package. And longer time you have more users. Maybe the users request other Articature then you just need to maintain multiple clean chelute and multiple Articatures. And more and more like your users request like you build on Davion and also Ubuntu and multiple different versions of Ubuntu and multiple different versions of Davion. And you become really really massive because you have maintained so many different Articatures for example and then different distributions and different versions. And how can you maintain so many clean chelutes? And just imagine that one of your bug fixes. Okay. You build maybe on some version of Davion maybe fail on one version of other distributions. Then how can you manage this?  So it takes a lot of those time in a classic way. So let's fix this kind of mix. How to mix? How to fix? Just put the OBS as your building infrastructure and OBS has building those kind of thing you can choose the different Articatures different distributions and different versions. And then it's down. So how much time and resources you see? Okay. Let's look at the now you have basic idea how OBS can save your time. So let's look at the benefits. The benefits eventually that most of you even you are existing or new software projects or you are packages or you are users you all can benefit from using OBS. Here is an example that is this example you see the screenshot. We just upload one source package there, source upload and then you have you can see the multiple distribution and different Articatures we configure to build as our target. And some other distributions, some other Articatures what's missing because there's no dependency so it will show that unresortable and the other builds if it shows like a success. This is for the existing software projects. Okay. Once the package is built you don't have to upload copy the binary to the publish on the website that OBS does that for you. Automatically publish. So you can see this example but here is the Articature it's a Debian directive that will be covered by Andrew Shardewa tomorrow morning and also my colleague will give a talk but here's an example for the repository screenshot. You can see that package published to that and also have a very nice workflow. Just imagine you have a production product and then you need to provide like a security fix into your production product. But before you land the new package you'll be better to have some QA to test. Or in another case it's like you need to release a product and they have like a software phasing for bug fixing only. So you may have release manager to review and approve the package you want to learn into your production product. So in OBS it is built in the submit and review workflow. So you can just upload into the OBS and submit and you can say have a QA or you have a release manager to approve. Okay, here is a quick look. You see that the package is submitted and you can see that the package opens under the target distributions then you can decide if you want to learn it or not. And for packages if you build in package used to you have to do like a mainline to maintain many, many different clean shooters to build your software, your packages. And for OBS every time you build the source package use a people's trip to automatically create the clean shooter to build in the environment. So all the packages that you upload once and then you all build in the same consistency and also reproducible way on OBS. So you save a lot of time for your packages. Okay, if you are the users the OBS provides a very nice repository. I just before I start the presentation I was talking with someone outside that said the developer always like to have this very, very new packages.  So if you have an OBS setup they can just land the latest version and you can just keep tracking those kind of dependencies. So you guys can build on the same environment if you are users. So it will be a nice feature. Okay, it's just like here is a simple that the OBS will generate the repository so you can share the repository with other users. It will be easier. Okay, let's do again about more detail about OBS features and the workflow. So in OBS it's very, very nice that you save a lot of time because it builds on multiple different articatures and OBS can if you want to build a different articature and also different distributions, you don't have to mirror the whole repository from remote. It has a built-in download on demand. You can just choose the target distribution and target the articatures so it will handle those kind of things automatically for you. Just like example like here you can configure one project on the OBS so one source upload you can build on the DebianJC and Ubuntu different versions and different Debian versions and also in the config file you can also add the extension to the binary packaging then it builds. So once it builds then published you can find a file then you can know okay this one is built for Debian version and Ubuntu version so you can add the extension to the binary packages and also it has revision control for the source package it's like in the repository every time you have the source changes you track the lock and if something broken you can just revert to a previous revision so you have to track all the changes for the source packages. Okay there's automatic source processing you upload the source package you don't have to do the command line to build the software you own because OBS handles this for you and then you also can help you to calculate about the build dependencies so if something mixed it you will see that it's unresurfable for example on the web UI and once you click on that it will show us what is missing so you can see the missing dependency on the web GUI very nice and you can list that in one project you can see all the successful build packages you can also see that the failed one if you see multiple failed one in the team you can assign different tasks to other different developer team member to fix the failed to build the source package so it's very helpful for the work in the team and then of course work in the team it has the access control for the software repository you can see a repository can have a permission for different team members on different projects and also you have a request a view system like I mentioned before you have a production server or something production product and they have some new changes you have someone QA or release manager can review the the new package new updates here example that I uploaded the package if someone can see accepted you can see the history every time all these things are tracked on the web GUI after I introduced about features and workflow let's look at the articatures basically that articature has a bacon server which is storage that your packages and also the worker which needs the power to build the package and then the web front end and the command line tools let's look at the bacon server the bacon server basically has several demons to handle the source and the scheduler and the dispatcher assign the tasks for builders and also repositories and here is the in the corner you can see that the build host is the OBS worker you can connect the OBS worker with some cloud computer or containers or something you can build multiple or you need the more powerful things you can add more scale that the builders easily and this web front end is Ruby on Rails this is the only one need the database the bacon doesn't need but the GUI need the database and then command line tools I think that you use the tool you can interact with the host system the bacon and the web front end I use the command line tools I think that's an example here is just the command line tool is called OSC and OSC has a legacy vs control similar command is check out so I can check out my home branch it's a hollow package once I check out and I can go into the folder and see there's a devian package there okay I'm sorry I extracted the devian package and you can see that the source code then go into the package folder I extracted you can see this package I can see there's a devian folder there it just modifies the package as usual and after you modify it you bump the revision in the change log and then you just regenerate the source package once you regenerate the source package this is a CO1 this is a new revision I add appended in the source package and you can see the old one without the CO1 so in here you just use OSC to remove the old source version add the new one okay and then you can just do the commit once you've done this on the command line you go back to web UI you can see this building on the different articulation or different distribution that you configured in the project and you can click that you can see the build log on web UI and also we have also the if you want to you want to know more detail about OSC you just read the main page or help it has lots of very simple command there so we have a de-put plugin and de-put plugin is similar like in Davion or developer like the de-put command so with similar syntax you can just use one command to upload your source package instead of many many steps like I showed you before so it's a nice tool okay then now you have the basic articulation idea then you can know how to config so I want to say that this was four years work because when I want to package OBS a lot of JavaScript and RubyGN was broken or mixing or something in Davion like a more than 100 packages so before I package that I need to you know have all the dependency ready in Davion so I need to go into Davion and I found out what kind of thing is missing and then start to do that and make a proper Davion package and upload it into new queue and review my package then go into the repository so after two distribution I think JC and the stretch finally stretch I catch the time so now the package is then in Davion and stretch okay so now it's easy to install now you have the idea that OBS is back end and also the front end and also the worker so you can use the app get install one of those but not doing all of this on the same machine because you can imagine that when you build like a LibreOffice and are some other like flag files on the builders and know maybe that all the resource be taken then your web find properly won't work so don't put on the same machine okay here is a simple just a simple command and all dependency already fixed in Davion so you can see that put in lots of packages so after you do that command okay you just do just check the readme.debian you need some post install script running on that and also I mentioned all the details in the readme.debian you just read there and also we do that OBS in containers you can check out the container example there we are working on that but I'm really really new to containers if you find out something weird it's my first Docker image so if you have any problem later please let me know okay okay and in the Docker image we also provide a script called test script so you can just check the script there it's some simple command command line you just run the test script you will fetch the hollow package from Davion and then upload so you can see the first package built on Davion okay so I think this is mostly in the end of my talk I want to give you some tips for how to do the optimized OBS at your environment so here is some example that we do that merge our MISC this is actually we focus this software from Ubuntu to make it modify to work together with OBS so we have a distribution that we as a Davion directive on base of Ubuntu but we need to track if there's any update from Ubuntu or maybe it is from Davion there's some security fix so we need to run a software to do the continuously integration so this software we will compare the upstream new version that is the one and also the local one and if the differences then we do the 3A merges after the 3A merges you will generate the source package and upload and put into OBS and then request for review so you can see that the package is submitted automatically by merge our MISC and you can see the review you can see that the software builds successfully or it failed if you failed then you need one human to fix if you build successfully maybe you can just click accept it and the new version new fix will be going to your production repository and also you can hook that with your bug tracker like in the change log you have something close some bug so once the package is learned then you can have OBS to send the trigger to your bug tracker to close the bug or update the status of your bug on your working environment and also you can integrate with Jenkins to build the package from Git like we are using that for the kernel source package then kernel we have multiple working on the patch set in the Git so this one will automatically check out the repository and check out the source package and regenerate new patch set and apply to the source package and then upload a review submission to OBS you can even build like a digital image with Jenkins also in the same way the build script will fetch the packages from the OBS repository also then you can use that to build your image and also you can test that with Lava on the auto test on the actual hardware and Lava is a nice tool developed by Linaro and also what we have is kernel CI to test the kernel boost on real hardware you can integrate with Lava and there are more details I will be mentioning tomorrow tomorrow 9am in the morning my colleague Andrew Sharder will explain that Debian Directive platform for information and automatic vehicles that we are doing this and he will mention about how the infrastructure was Lava Jenkins and also as a software with OBS ok that's the recap of my talk so now you have the basic idea what's about OBS how can that solve your time save your time and also the features of the workflow and how you can install and how you may possibly integrate this into your working environment ok thank you for attending any questions it must have been in 2014 or so I know that the Debian project was looking at OBS I think it was Wookie and some other people were looking at OBS using it in the Debian built infrastructure I haven't heard anything out of that they decided not to do it are you aware of that is that somehow related to your work or not I didn't know that Wookie was looking for that I didn't know Wookie was working for that I didn't know that people who work labra now on it's not crazy but somebody has to do a little work to change everything ok any more questions can I show the benefits once again the summary of the benefits the slide the benefits can you show it once again means that very very beginning very beginning I made too many slides you mean this one mean this one benefit summary where was the benefit summary this one right this one you talked about integrating with Jenkins so people who today use Jenkins to build their packages you would recommend to switch to OBS the part about Jenkins went pretty fast it's about building distros by getting packages from OBS his question is that most people use Jenkins to build packages nowadays right and that was a beneficial switch to step OBS or not it's actually just like the previous slide here is infrastructure if you build Jenkins you don't see that overview of the packages and you don't have the review system right but if you just plus a layer of your Jenkins you generate the source package but you don't build inside Jenkins but submit the source package into OBS and build into OBS and you can see you can have an older OBS and you know nice features you can use that integrate into your build environment okay do I answer your question I have a second question how easy is it for a user that doesn't know anything about packaging to do the following to say oh I want to backboard this package that it's available in Buster and I want to have it built for stretch or even for Jesse okay his question is that doesn't have much experience on packaging you know and then they want to try to do a backboard I think yes because you can just create a project and you can set up the DOD to have different target distributions then you can just try to import the source package into that project and you can see how many missing build dependency you can also try to import without modify maybe builds but for that you have to know about the package now just import you can use the depot plugin one command then put it into the Buster and look at the web UI and see if any build dependency is missing there so when you upload this stuff adding it to the open build OBS thing you don't have to worry about this many first manifest things like the living compact rules or whatever those things yeah his question was that easy to use OBS without the packaging knowledge so that since uploaded they can yeah I think the time is up so if you have more questions you can grab me outside okay thank you for attending


Welcome to WSIS Forum 2018. I am very pleased to be joined by Mr Rashid Ismailov, who is the Deputy Minister, Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation. And nice to meet you. Thank you very much for joining us today. So this year's theme at WSIS Forum is building an information and knowledge society for achieving the SDGs. So can you tell us about the main axis of your strategy to achieve this? Well, actually we're all the way correlating the goals that we had in our country with the Sustainable Development Goals targets. And as you know, I mean, two years ago there was the summing up, you know, the finalizing of the 10 years period of the VCs activities in regards of the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Now Russia is one of the leading countries and is, as I said, always correlating its own strategy and national development with these goals. Several years ago, three, four years ago, I think that, I mean, we had all countries in the globe wide, we had the new agenda, which was about the digital economy and shift from the traditional economy into digital ones. Everyone is talking about the fourth industrial revolution. So I mean, Russia is not aside from this process of Russia, it's one of the countries that is inside of these activities. And we had, in July last year in Russia, we have adopted a program which we called the Digital Economy Development in Russia with all the features that, more or less, most of the countries have with the special peculiarities that, I mean, we might have in Russia taking into account the territory and the size of the country and the density of the population. But all the things that are considered to be implemented in the forthcoming maybe 10 years, 15 years, we have already either started or we're considering that. So you have been attending with this forum for the past five to six years, I believe. So what do you like about it and why do you keep on coming back? This is a unique forum where, I mean, even though it is more or less supervised or organized by ITU, it involves most of the, I mean, all the stakeholders that are existing worldwide and you can meet a lot of people, not only those that I'm meeting because of my assignment in the ministry, more or less, frequently in ITU. But this particular venue is about bringing a lot of stakeholders together and a lot of interventions and speeches from the heads of the delegations, though, from the society that are highlighting all the processes that are going on. And first of all, it's very good to find out the new trends or something that you don't know, you haven't applied or considered yet in your country. And to match how it's going in other countries, first of all, then I think that it's very important because you have a special venue that is dealing with the information society, which has been established, you know, maybe 10 years ago, I don't know, 15 years ago altogether. I was not on the governmental services that time. That is discussing the vital issues. And each year, if you attend it year by year, you can of course see the developments and the changes of the subjects that are being discussed, as well as the level of discussions that, you know, becoming more and more professional, because in the beginning, I mean, there wasn't so much knowledge about the information society. We just started to walk this path. Now we have walked quite a long distance.  Mr. Rashid is made of. Thank you very much. Thank you.


What's going on everybody got Kyle and Shawn here relating sports cards and we are ripping 2023 Origins 8 box number 26 pick your team style This one has Asia K with the Patriots Alexander L has the Colts Andrew C has the Bears Ben B has the Texans Brandon W with the Dolphins Brandon H has the Niners Charles M has the Lions Christian B has the Seahawks Daniel M with the Cardinals Derwood has the Bengals Chargers Giants and Steelers got Gabe G with the Vikings Jerry H has the Raiders Gregory has the Rams and Panthers. That's not a way too formal. Greg. Greg has the Ravens and Panthers Jabari L has the Rams got Jeremy Jeremy Y with the Titans Jonathan B with the Falcons Josh S with the Eagles got Kale F with the Packers Matthew W Has the Chiefs and Bucks Michael Z has the Cowboys Min-Q K has the Browns Roycee Saints step on L Jags Terry F with the Broncos Theodore H has Jets Timothy F with the Bills and Tyler B has the Commanders All righty. Good luck here guys again We are filled up for tonight got NTK Spraykin next and then we are on to hockey last break of the night Good luck. Good luck, everybody.  I got you sir. Mr. Marsh. I believe you were telling Sam to call you yesterday Mr. Marsh There's a blue to 99 Jerry Judy Got a blue and two 149 Sam LaPorte's a nice one lines He rookie tied in Kyle Pitts on the base and a rookie Jaren Hall Jaren Hall rookie for the Vikings That's our COL right there COL Greg and That one is a 99 hometown roots fighting at Tucson, Arizona is Bijan at a Tucson to 99 got a Marvin Mims auto to 99 going to the the Broncos Broncos on the Marvin Mims NRP on the back is will Anderson jr. Nice one there for the taxants Third pick in the draft on the base RPA box two. Yeah guys We are full for tonight, but can start grabbing spots with forest tomorrow. He starts at five Starts at five and then Sam will be on fanatic starting at 10 and then I'll be back on Saturday morning here on the main channel We'll be back here Blue to 25 got a rookie Jaren Hall This one Vikings and Chris Carter for the Vikings back to back Minnesota Minnesota Face trail on perks and our rookie is tank Bigsby Jags Rookie patches nice triple or three color patch that one is the 199 rookie under rookie patches will Anderson Texans Are these the bad beats though? Yeah, moneylams minus 1400 at the time Sam reported a 75 there on the orange nice one there lions again lines with a nice Sam reported a 75 and Redemption is Stetson Bennett on the rookie jumbo autographs blue The RPA Stetson Bennett Stetson Bennett there on the blue Yeah, the the fans are all throwing stuff on the field crystal balls done He's done box number three Mm-hmm. There's a 125 from Andre Stevenson and red to 149 kidney pick it can a two gloves base Jalen Hertz and rookie is Jackson Smith and Jigba Seahawks Rookie patches a little another three color is some 99. It's gonna be Zay flowers Rookie patches for the Ravens. We've got Dalton Kincaid on the base rookie Otto got a little smiley face there Kincaid for the Beals base rookie Otto and Sean Clifford on the back is gonna be for the Packers on the RPA QB out of Penn State Sean Clifford box for central Arkansas versus southeast Missouri Probably wouldn't have gone on Blue is Clayton Tune rookie to 99 cardinals And do 75 I'm in Ross St. Brown say Kwan Barkley and rookie is Dalton Kincaid the Beals To two color patch of 49 is gonna be Jackson Smith. Nice one there Seahawks I sold two color patch There's a Jaren Hall rookie Otto to 99 Vikings a little three color and Taijay Spears there on the RPA that one is a Titans Titans Taijay Blue to 99 for the Jets is Aaron Rodgers Said he's gonna be back soon Jets in 99 and see 149 Dontavian wicks for the Packers. I believe him, but he's gonna be back soon It's crazy. You see how Terry beginning of season Derek Henry and our rookie is Tyler Scott Colts on the rookie patches nice one there one of 25 on the two color number patches Anthony Richardson Very nice one there Colts again one of 25 On the Richardson patch We had Otto Marvin Mims for the Broncos. This has been a Colts case whole seal case was a Colts case and Jake Hainer on the back is gonna be RPA for the Saints Jake Hainer box six some worst beats of October. They obviously didn't bet the over in that over in that Hawks game yesterday It was a blue to 50 Daniel Jones And red to 149 say flowers another one for the Ravens another zay base rookie is Josh Downs Colts and Dorian Thompson Robinson Colts rookie or a Browns rookie This one is jumbo jersey to 49 that one is Michael Mayer Blue to 49 on the jumbo Jersey Radis He is starting this weekend. I saw that for the Browns. That's that's crazy, man I didn't realize that Shama's even hurting and I saw he was out for the season. I was like, oh dang Oh dang, there's a another one for the Raiders to 99 is gonna be Trey Tucker on the auto receiver for the Radis and Redemption is Jalen Carter on the rookie RPA orange. That one is going to the Eagles big man out of Georgia Jalen Carter for the birds Box seven red to 149 Desmond Ritter Falcons and two 125 Deuce Vaughn Cowboys on the rookie Deuce Alvin Kamara on the base in a Clayton Tune rookie base Jumbo rookie patches to 199 that was Jaden Reed going to the packets go with the Sean Clifford RPA Got auto red to 90 90s Quinton Johnson for the Chargers believe he just got his first touchdown this weekend Nice one there Chargers They needed to use him a little bit more since Mike will or Mike. Yeah, Mike Williams went down I don't know why they haven't used them more And Tyler Scott on the RPA there bears Tyler Scott RPA da bears and box eight eight box number 26 All right, you guys after this we got a full case NT and then we are on to our leaf hockey Sean is pumped Blue is your more chase to 99 And green is Jordan love numbered one of ten Nice little Jay Hart low number there for the pack Jay Hart This bad beats are still going man must have been a lot Damian Pierce and rookie is hidden hooker nice one lions rookie QB Got Michael mayor to 199 rookie jumbo Jersey Raiders Another one for the Lions. This is another Sam LaPorta on the on-card rookie Otto Detroit Sam LaPorta and on the back is gonna be for the Panthers Origins RPA of Jonathan Mingo Jonathan Mingo to close us out. All right. All right there guys that will do it for case number 26 of origins Sorry about that Brandon. Sorry about that man. Hope we could get you an A-chan or something Yeah, have a good night, sir. Have a good night. Appreciate you. It's always my man You do a quick hip recap here guys. Then we're on to NT on to NT So 199 Michael mayor on the Jersey got to 199 Jane Reed Michael mayor to 49 225 is Anthony Richardson Got to 49 a Jackson Smith to 99 is a flowers to 199 will Anderson and to 99 hometown roots is Bijan RPA was Jonathan Mingo for the Panthers had Sam LaPorta on card Lions had Tyler Scott RPA bears to 99 was Quentin Johnson Chargers to 99 trait Tucker for the Raiders had Jake Hainor RPA Marvin Mims bass auto and RPA Tyjay Spears Had to 99 Jaren Hall RPA Sean Clifford Doulton Kincaid bass auto 75 orange auto Sam LaPorta There's the 99 Marvin Mims will Anderson jr. RPA stats and Bennett for the Rams and Jalen Carter for the Eagles Right all right there guys that'll do it for origins I mean one second. We'll get some NT going


Hey I'm Deputy Matthews of the Pasco Sheriff's Office. I'm going to be doing the tweet along today so go ahead and tune in and have you have any questions or anything to ask. I'll be out patrolling the streets of Hudson. So to answer the question why I wanted to get into law enforcement, when I was younger I was at a gas station. I saw a female police officer and she just looked so put together and she looked like she really enjoyed her job. And I talked to her for a few minutes so I decided that's something that I could do and that's something I might want to look another trespassing individual at this residence that has a warrant. So we're going to go check it out. The residence was actually three separate residents on the property and we made contact with a few people there and they don't know where he's at and he hasn't resided here for a while. So we're going to clear it out.


The Hera spacecraft mission proposed by the European Space Agency is heading to a binary asteroid to support NASA's Planetary Defense Plan against potential asteroid collision. NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test, or DART mission, is scheduled to ram with a binary asteroid in October 2022 and then again on 2024. After the impact, all connections to the binary asteroid will stop, and essential information will be missing. At this point, the spacecraft Hera will then be heading to the location to measure all possible effects of NASA's intentional collision with the asteroid. The Hera spacecraft is scheduled to reach the target in 2026. By this time, NASA's DART had historically altered the duration of the orbit of the target asteroid. Now not to cause any panic here or anything, but this is all in a certain time frame that this work is being carried out, and you may or may not be aware of the mountainous sized asteroid that is on a path to pass very close to the Earth and impact with the Earth cannot be ruled out. Are these measures that are being carried out in collaboration with every space-reaching country in the world a direct result in the preparedness plan to save the Earth from an impact with the asteroid Apophis? This asteroid is constantly monitored since its discovery in 2004, and though we can rule out an impact in the year 2029 on its first close approach, we cannot rule out impact on the second flyby in 2036. Because of the trajectory and the gravitational effects, it is highly likely to incur from the Earth in 2029 and by the sun. This could alter the course enough to put it on a direct collision with the Earth, and if this is the destiny, we are doomed. That is unless there is an active global movement taking place by world governments to mobilize space technology in an effort to save the Earth. We believe this could be the case, and in our Space News series, we are going to keep you informed and tell you why. Wait, till you hear this. The early mission's target is a pair of near-Earth asteroids called Didymus. They consist of two bodies, a Didymus A, or what is informally called the Didy Main, and the Didymos B, or what is informally called as the Didy Moon. Kindot fans are going to love these names in comparison. The latter is about the same size as the Great Pyramid of Giza. The mass of other planetary bodies can be measured by calculating their gravitational pull on a spacecraft. However, this method will not work with the Didy Moose because Didy Moon's gravitational field will be overpowered by the Didy Main. Hence, Didy Moon, which is orbiting Didy Main, is the primary focus of the Hera spacecraft mission. After Dart's impact to Didy Moon, Hera will survive its mass, the shape of the crater created by the collusion, and its physical and dimensional properties. The Hera spacecraft will also be deploying Europa's first deep space CubeSats. Such a binary asteroid system is the perfect testbed for a planetary defense experiment, but is also an entirely new environment for asteroid investigations. Binary asteroids comprised about 15% of all identified asteroids, but binaries had never been explored before. Didy Moon will become the smallest asteroid to be visited. The thinking is that if they can successfully achieve this on a small scale, then with the correct calculations, this can also be done on much larger scales. All images and relevant data to be acquired by Hera will then be used to analyze Didy Main. For one, Didy Main's mass can be calculated with about 90% accuracy by measuring the wobble that Didy Moon causes the Didy Main. The key data gathered by Hera will turn a grand but one-off experiment into a well-understood planetary defense technique, one that could in principle be repeated if we ever need to stop an incoming asteroid like Apophis. The mission specifically involved testing a planetary defense strategy called the Kinetic Impactor Technique, which involves striking the asteroid to shift its orbit. This strategy is the best possible means to defend Earth from future asteroid impact. ESA's update on Hera comes after NASA's announcement made last week about the National Near Earth Object Preparedness Plan, the plan which was originally released by the White House detailed steps that government and the space agency would implement in an event that an asteroid hits Earth. Early this week, a study which analyzed data from 2013 to 2016 found that there could still be thousands of unconfirmed near-Earth objects that are approaching Earth. The study called for concerned parties to devise an accurate statistical data of these unconfirmed space objects. Indeed on June 21st an asteroid exploded over Russia and NASA was unable to detect it until after its impact. So there is no doubt a global system is needed as we prepare to develop into a space-faring civilization. In the beginning the solar system was little more than a cloud of dust and gas then cold temperatures caused the center of the cloud to collapse forming the Sun. The newborn star lit up with nuclear fusion sending light and heat out into the spinning circumstellar disk. Soon that material coalesced into gas planets, ice giants and rocky worlds creating the solar system we know today. For years asteroids were thought of as the leftovers of planet formation, chunks of material that never quite made it to planet size and that were drawn into the crowded belt of rocky remnants that circles the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. But according to a study published in the journal Nature Astronomy, these were once pieces of worlds too. A vast majority of the half million bodies in the inner asteroid belt may in fact be shrapnel from as few as five parent bodies. But the tangled orbits of those lost worlds meant they were doomed to collide, producing fragments that also collide, producing more fragments in a cataclysmic cascade that's been going on for more than four billion years. The finding doesn't only eliminate a mystery of the asteroid belt, it can also help resolve a debate about the formation of the eight planets including Earth. There is an important, if apparent, implication of the idea that asteroids are actually fragments of larger bodies, it means asteroids are born big. That finding may help resolve a question about planet formation that has baffled scientists for years. According to the traditional story of the origin of the solar system, the planets form slowly from accretion as particles in the circumstellar disk clump together to great pebbles, then slightly larger spheres, and on and on until they reach their current size. But when scientists try to recreate this story with computer models, it breaks down. Rather than growing, these incipient planets tend to splinter after reaching pebble size. How could this process result in bodies the size of those in the asteroid belt, let alone whole planets? In the space between Mars and Jupiter, the tremendous gravity of the solar system's largest planet may have made it difficult to grow a large object. The smaller bodies that did emerge, which were probably a tenth of the size of a planet such as Earth, could not have survived the ensuing chaos and collisions. They broke apart and formed the asteroid belt we know today. The mystery object discovered earlier this year traveling through our solar system is showing no signs of any alien life, despite plenty of efforts to look and listen for a signal. Perhaps it's ironic that the object should arrive in a year when we celebrate the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of science fiction author, author C. Clarke. One of the most popular novels, the award-winning rendezvous with Rama, describes the high-speed entry of a cylindrical object into the solar system. It's initially thought to be an asteroid, but a subsequent exploration reveals it to be an alien spaceship. Astronomers named our solar system visitor a Maomao, which is Hawaiian for scout or messenger. From our distant exploration of a Maomao, we know it's a red-brown cigar-shaped object about 400 meters long and is moving so fast that it must have started its journey in some distant stellar system. But we still have no idea what it is. We know it's not a comet because it has no halo, and we know it's not a normal asteroid because we've never seen one that's so elongated about ten times longer than it is wide, and its speed rules out any origin within the solar system or the Oort cloud where comets come from. Could it be an alien scout craft? This might seem the stuff of comic book fiction, yet we know there are other Earth-like planets out there and some may host other civilizations. We must at least consider the possibility that it is an artificial object from one of these civilizations. That would be consistent with the cigar shape. We know that the best shape for a large interstellar spacecraft is not like the fictional Starship Enterprise of Star Trek fame, but more likely is elongated to minimize the damage from collision with interstellar dust. Perhaps it used the Sun to propel itself in the direction it was destined, and perhaps this is in fact the way alien civilizations travel through space as the Hubble Space Telescope confirmed this week that the object did in fact get a massive boost in speed as it slingshots its way around the Sun. And now with all the hype about space forces and planetary defenses, etc., you really can't help but wonder just what exactly has spooked the establishment. Are these announcements all at the same time really just a coincidence? Did they detect something from this asteroid? It is Hawaiian for messengers, so that would suggest it had a message, and it may well be the case that we heed this message and are not preparing to defend the Earth not only from a potential impact from Apophis, but also from other objects that could enter the atmosphere today or tomorrow, and we wouldn't even see it coming. That's called living on the edge with far too much uncertainty in place. Makes sense that we should be more aware of this threat and how to deal with it, right? Anyway guys, what do you consider the true to be? Isn't it apparent that something is going on? All we can do is just join the dots guys. If an asteroid really is on a collision course with the Earth, then we can't do anything about it anyway. We are a civilization that relies on protection from our leaders. Perhaps it's time that the balance in power gets spread much more evenly between the people? Maybe not. No one really knows anyway, but what's going on? Comments below and as always, thank you for watching.


One of the things we've been conscious of as we as we went through the discussions to plan this conference was how do we take this? abstract concept of the open internet the open web and and Discuss it and make it applicable to real humans living on the ground in communities This is a core mission of Knight Foundation. This is the core mission of the Center for Civic Media not coincidentally And so one silo where we thought we would try to tease that have that discussion is in the realm of science and and thinking about the way this open platform that we have and That increasingly tools like these that we all have in our pockets and and other tools that we can hack together increasingly cheaply That those can be used to and by ourselves by normal human beings often nerd the nerdier normal human beings To to observe to measure to map to understand what's going on in the environment around us And in the larger citizen science movement. So today we have four five minute talks coming up From some of the leading organizations in this citizen science space as well as one emerging one And then we'll have a brief conversation and we really want to again living the What's enabled by that have a conversation with you all so I'm going to introduce each of them Individually and we'll come up in a series. The first is Sean Bonner from safecast Hi, so I am going to try to jam a 45 minute talk into about 60 seconds because John makes it seem like this was all very well planned, but we only figured this out a few minutes ago So very quickly the overview of what safecast is as you guys know back in 2011 there was this huge earthquake in Japan which triggered a leak at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant and resulted in all sorts of Drama surrounding that mostly because there was no information available and people didn't know what was going on and it wasn't necessarily That there was information out there that people couldn't find it was just that there was nothing There were nobody was paying attention to this at all and so a handful of friends and I got together and thought that perhaps we could use our Communities and and skills and stuff and and help with this So we thought let's get a whole bunch of Geiger counters Give them out to people and then get those readings and then there'll at least be some sort of information But the problem with that right away was that there were no Geiger counters available anywhere They sold out right away so our second plan was get duct tape take tape a Geiger counter to a window in a car and Drive around with it taking pictures with our iPhones that were geotagged and then map those out So we were able to get a ton of data with one device Although that was the worst possible way to do it and so we came up with a new plan and we designed a whole platform hardware software and Data to collect this we've tried cars people Drive all around collect this data and then we started getting a much better picture of what was going on we actually Published the data immediately that showed that the evacuation areas were wrong They had to change where people were being moved to and from because of this and the data that we're collecting now Is all the way down to street level as opposed to huge averages, which was the little bit that was available before so We can get data all the way down to an individual GPS point anywhere in the world where we have devices and being open Giving these devices out to people all over the place for getting data from everywhere So we started this with zero absolutely no data available and It's been climbing pretty quickly to today right now We're just shy of 20 million data points in 53 countries around the world It's the largest data set of open radiation data that's available anywhere Everything we're doing again is open so all of our software is open source all the hardware Anybody can can go to the website get any of it They can build these devices themselves collect this data publish it back to us We have a kit that's available if people want to You know save the time of trying to source all the parts themselves. They can grab it from us There's over 300 of these out in the world collecting data right now We're building out a fixed sensor network, which is Setting up an early warning system, which was something that didn't exist at all before and hopefully that will help And it's not just in Japan. We're doing this all over the place again. We're also now looking at how the platform that we built for radiation might play out into other environmental Data sources that are not immediately apparent when you walk outside and look so we're doing air quality and possibly some weather and and other things All right, thanks Next up from SkyTruth David Manthos Morning, so I want to talk to you all this morning about citizen science satellites and SkyTruth things So this is an idea around the Internet of everything a concept that's been tossed around quite a lot And so if we can preserve the the DIY maker space ethos of the open Internet What can we do to connect? People and data and technology to solve some of the most pressing environmental issues of our time So SkyTruth is an environmental organization It's going to be applied to many other areas topics But we focus on using these technologies to look at the human impact on planet earth a Big picture view of impacts like mining the offshore oil drilling and oil spills that come with that Hydraulic fracturing what the impact in the landscape looks like so all of these issues It's a bird's eye view if you will if birds could fly 400 miles above the earth 17,000 miles an hour Satellites can do that and the data that is available from them is growing every day I just wanted to I'm not going to dwell on the technology too much But this is a image of where we are right now up the top of the screen This was taken Sunday And I downloaded it yesterday in this room for free not only could I not have done that 20 years ago back in the 1980s to Attain this image would have cost thousands of dollars about forty four hundred dollars for an image like this So not only are the sensors and the availability the information all these you can download millions of images from Landsat images from NASA You can download these for free the technology is also as recently evolving that People can access this it would have taken back in the 80s and the 90s Huge amounts of technical experience to even know what to do with an image and so sky truth for a while was Very much an expert Organization we were saying here's gas drilling out on public lands in Wyoming This is what fragmented landscape requires, but this is just us talking and telling the world what we see And that's very useful like when an oil or an oil well blows out in the Gulf of Mexico And you have millions of gallons spilling into the Gulf being able to say in the early days on satellite imagery That this is how big this bill is it can't possibly just be a thousand barrels of oil a day But again, this is all just us Telling other people what we see and really the dream for sky true thing was that any person could get this kind of information To know what's happening in their place that they care about so about a year later after BP spill We started with a very cobbled together system to take geospatial data At first it was just information from the Coast Guards National Response Center These are where oil and hazardous chemical spills are reported. It's a very clunky Text-only form that gets sent out to a bunch of emergency responders and we said well, okay We can take that data We can stick that point on a map in a Google Maps that people know what that looks like and we can put all the information Into an email and we can just send it to initially it was just to us that we wanted to know alright every day Tell me where I should look on satellite images for an oil slick and then we realized well We can turn this out to the public we can start sending this out So if you care about the refinery that's next door We'll send you the notifications when that refinery starts leaking 200 pounds of hydrogen cyanide every day and that has that led to Added more data into that system, but we still didn't have imagery yet We wanted people to see what's happening on the ground and so that led to this iteration We started with our first real true sky-truthing project back in August of last year Which is taking all the spatial data for oil wells gas wells in Pennsylvania that are gonna be hydraulically fractured And all of the aerial imagery back to 2005 putting those together and showing people one well at a time and just asking them Okay, we know that there's supposed to be a well drilled here. Do you see a well pad? Okay. Yes You see a well pad. Do you see huge waste lagoons that are holding hundreds of thousands of gallons of Fracking water You know those an issue for public health if you live next to one of those so we have had that several thousand people Participate in this project hundreds of thousands of image analysis tasks We have to have a lot of people look at the same image so that they don't Give us a wrong answer So we average out and take the correct answers and this gives us the ability to look at the bigger picture things and In Pennsylvania this data is going to a public health study So are those waste ponds a source of air contamination working in Johns Hopkins on that and Hopefully we can expand this to other broader issues So if you care about an issue like oil pollution, we can show you a satellite image of Places and get you to know what an oil slick looks like or do you care about a place like the Theodore Roosevelt National Park? We'll tell you all the imagery and all the data that we have about that so that people can see What's happening in the world and that they have a part in the science of understanding it. Thanks Thank you, David. Our next presenter is Jeff Warren from the public laboratory of science Actually, don't have slides, but I have some nice pictures that are gonna go by as I talk This is the front page of the public lab website public lab.org. You should check it out I guess when trying to explain what public lab is sometimes I kind of get I stumble on it because there's lots of different sides of it So I've been sort of trying to explain it in the sense of comparing it to other things like We're sort of like Wikipedia crossed with the Humber computer club Crossed with Greenpeace a little bit, but the problem with that I think is that each of those leads to a different kind of misunderstanding like people initially think oh Greenpeace So you're about conservation. I mean I really like whales but but But we're organization that's sort of based in environmental justice, which is more about human health than it is about whale health So so I think that's one misunderstanding people assume that we're creating environmental Sensors to go out and measure the environment and see how the environment is doing but actually it's more about the risks to yourself and your family Your health that that were that we're concerned about so public lab. Who are we it's we're a community of about four to five thousand people around the world who are collaborating to develop inexpensive environmental modern techniques That's sort of the Wikipedia side of it like people upload plans design Ideas they critique each other's work. They collaborate across continents to develop Cheap sensors and while the cheap sensors are sort of the the leverage right that without access to Scientific monitoring equipment. You can't really you know challenge the status quo in terms of people's understanding of pollution issues I think the second misunderstanding people make is sort of the Humber computer club side of things that that we're primarily a group that is developing Technologies and that that's that the tools the kits those are those are the center of public lab and actually I would say that More than a community that is just posting a bunch of gadgets online and sharing them The thing that we as a community are most trying to construct is Actually communities of expertise and communities of practice themselves So the technologies will come and go right you're gonna you're gonna a lot of it We're you know we're basing on Say to photograph an oil spill or to measure To measure contaminate we're using things like digital cameras are using webcams are using bits and pieces that we find those things are gonna change We're riding a lot of economies of scale using products you buy in the store But the thing that we're trying to build is a community which is able to innovate Solutions to their immediate problems people who can rely on each other who have a sense of expertise of knowledge of the risks that they face around their home and their neighborhood, so I think that Increasingly I'm trying not to talk about the gadgets although they're fun I'm trying to talk more and more as I explained public lab about the people Who through the connections they build in the the the problems they tackle are actually the thing that we're creating a public lab So the third thing I think I guess this is sort of on the Wikipedia side of thing is Are we a citizen science organization and I think I guess we are but I think that the word citizen science or the term tends to it tends to emphasize this sense of All the data out there being gathered into us towards a single point it neglects the question Who is we like who is who is we that that are gathering this all and a lot of times the answer is it's scientists So or or like sorry I got distracted because I made a Chrome extension This is you should download it it replaces all instances of the word scientist on the entire internet with scientists with quotation marks, so Go get it But but what I'm what I'm talking about here is that that that scientists or government or industry They're sort of like at the center of their respective networks. They're at the top of the pyramid, you know So citizen science often refers to collecting vast amounts of data and pooling it and then analyzing it But who is actually analyzing it? It's it's we're talking about big data here, right, and I think that what the public lab approach doesn't necessarily Presume that we're that we like the staff of public lab or whatever are going to collect it all and then sort of make Decisions based on it, and I think that the way that this relates to a lot of the conversations. We've heard today and yesterday in terms of big data in terms of smart cities is When you do that when you have this sort of pyramidal Network diagram and you collect all the data to one point and then you have certain sort of preferred Experts who get to sift through that data, and I'm not just talking about, you know, Facebook or Google I'm talking also about, you know governments and also just just scientists just experts people who have the Knowledge and wherewithal and resources to do that analysis and perhaps aren't thinking in the sense of like a just like a decentralized discursive public They get to make decisions on behalf of everyone else they get to make decisions for them because they they have an asymmetrically large amount of data that they're They're not sharing the decision-making process and as you know as we in our sort of society today Increasingly depend on science and technology to justify decisions and to sort of motivate good decision-making That's a real problem because if people aren't involved in the analysis of the data I'm not just talking about the collection like going out and banning birds or taking water samplers or whatever And that's great, but actually looking at the trends understanding them and and Inferring things from them advocating for different things based on the data Participating in that whole data life cycle past the collection point all the way to where you say okay Now we've understood the issue now Let's as a society decide to do something about it and decide to do this about it and reaching consensus or or at least reaching disagreements Those are the parts that I think are missing from the this idea of smart cities and and and from the sort of broader idea of big data So I think what what public lab is trying to do is to get people involved in all those different parts of the data life cycle So it's not just about collecting data and handing it to someone who knows what to do with it It's not just about getting enough data to the right people who can make the decisions for you It's actually about data and participation in its production its analysis And the advocacy that comes after it that's something that everyone has a responsibility to be part of in in our democracy So I guess that's sort of the big picture. That's that's a lot of stuff to tackle But but I think that if you only do the beginning or you only do the end you're gonna miss out on What is really a participatory form of government? So anyway, that's sort of public lab in a kind of large nutshell. Thank you Next up is the Center for Civic Media's very own Catherine Dignasio Hi everyone Catherine Dignasio, it's Center for Civic Media. I just want to say what an honor it is to share the stage with a couple of these Much projects that are much further along on their trajectory. I want to talk to you today about the open water project So we are in the very early stages of development and we're about making water monitoring tools Software data and education lower cost more accessible and more public So this is not just my project. There are a lot of really amazing people working on this project We're being incubated by public lab and we're developed within the public lab community and ecosystem We have a number of partners on the project that include academics and hydrologists at Plymouth State And down to environmental advocacy organizations like the Mystic River Watershed Association And then I just want to recognize there's a bunch of people in the audience today that are working on this project. So Don Blair is there Adrienne Debigar is there and Heather Craig is There and so all of these people can also talk to you about this project and where we are So water monitoring who cares about it, right? So there are a lot of people who care about water monitoring These are the people that we're developing with and that we're developing for And so just to mention a couple of those science and environmental journalists Watershed managers and municipal governments hydrologists anyone working on climate science and rising sea levels Farmers USGS and then down to individuals and communities that are affected by water events such as Pollutions combines to our outflows and things like this So our project, you know, we're in the early stages and what we've really coalesced around Sort of like Sean was mentioning is just the set of open values. So we have five opens that we talk about So it's open hardware open software open data open community and open education So it turns out that water monitoring water quality is really complex Ideally you'd have a sensor that would just be like good or bad, but it's way more complex than that There's various aspects of a water system that you need to keep in balance like dissolved oxygen and nitrogen You may want to be measuring for a specific pollutant in the system like arsenic or mercury And then one of the most complicated things about water, of course, is that it's always changing it changes over time It's a system. It's a complex system So rather than making a separate test for every possible thing that you might want to test your water system for Our approach has been to model our hardware and our instrument after the idea of a thermometer So the thermometer takes your temperature and you're the thermometer tells you you have a fever and that there's something going on But the thermometer doesn't diagnose you doesn't say like oh you have the flu or you have a virus or something like that Researchers like Mark Green have been demonstrating recently how conductivity actually can serve this purpose So conductivity in relationship to other measurements like temperature and depth Can show us this correlative relationship with pollutants in the system and so far He's been looking at arsenic and chloride and is looking at other pollutants as well And so this is actually pretty exciting because what it means is that conductivity can be an indicator for something's wrong Just the same way that our body temperature is an indication that something is wrong in the body So there are water logging technologies out there being widely used by researchers So these measure water data over time These are around fifteen hundred dollars for measuring which is actually not that bad But the fact is that one in isolation doesn't really tell you that much about a water system So you need to deploy multiple things of these which means that the cost goes up So here's our initial stab at a water monitoring system We call it the riffle and I think Don is gonna hold it up and maybe even like pass it around People can take a look at it and so the the riffle monitors Conductivity temperature and depth basically the same thing that those commercial water loggers are measuring for about a tenth of the price Is what we're looking at right now. So it's comprised of these a thermistor and an audio cable which is actually being used to measure conductivity sticking out of the top and then Custom circuit board, but which is based around the Arduino and then three double-a batteries which all fit in Either a typical water bottle or we're exploring other kinds of enclosures for them right now as well So here's you know, there's a bunch of ways you could potentially use this So if you're interested in monitoring downstream pollution from a particular point like a farmer factory You could deploy a pair of these and be testing you sort of what are the changes in these measurements You could be monitoring in a private well So you put a single one in hopefully in conjunction with other people in your area that are also monitoring that or if you wanted to Measure an entire system you could deploy a bunch of these to get a very high spatial and temporal resolution of data And so one of the other challenges in this space is Open software and open data. So a lot of the software systems are proprietary the data formats are also proprietary So we've been working with Jeff Walker Who's a postdoc out of Tufts to think about a very simple software platform where people using the riffle could upload their data and share their Data across a wide network and also discuss it and visualize it So the open community part of this we are being incubated through public lab And they've been really awesome supporters of this project And so the great thing about working in an open community format is just this possibility for rapid distributed innovation So these are just two examples of you know, how things have worked so far So like the top one is sort of how our label design has evolved, you know One person does one thing another person puts up another thing and so on and so forth And then the bottom slide here is sort of our iterative process for developing You know arriving at that insight around measuring conductivity with an audio cable You basically need two metal points and you need to be measuring the voltage drop between those across the water And so we needed a stability of sort of points there So we first started with this 3d printed cap with wires We moved to a model with two screws and then someone had this great invention of the audio cable Which really simplified things so in any case These are our pilot sites and partners that we're hoping to deploy with and work with on the project And then finally our model of open education is something that we're currently seeking funding for we want to Pilot an engagement model where we create civic nodes around environmental monitoring at the watershed level So the civic nodes are based on this idea of creating the time and space To bring together people who already care and are invested in the idea of water quality And then who can help translate that into data collection advocacy and storytelling to broader public And so we'd love to talk with more of you about how we can engage Journalists and journalism students in this kind of thing and anyone else who's interested just join our mailing list on the public website So, thanks very much So we're gonna slowly shift the terrain here so we can actually have a conversation While oh, I just locked my mic. I'll fix my mic So what we want to do. Oh, look at that. Thank you is I'll sit down first I'm really taken by Jeff's point around the inverted commas for our for our European friends the inverted common scientist So where I want to start as folks come back on up Everyone up Another round of applause for our presenters, please So I really I do want in Ethan is playing the role of Phil Donahue slash Oprah today. So please and Get your questions ready I was taken with the inverted commas scientists and in the applause that got And it raises for me the question. How do you each with your projects think about? relate to and work with existing institutions whether it's quote-unquote real scientists or Other or journalists or just other types of institutions that are already out in in the field doing similar projects And how do you how do you bridge that relationship? Well, first I wanted to say I like scientists my parents are scientists I don't have against them really I just it's supposed it was supposed to as you read You know articles online just sort of provoke you to think about who are these experts and What gives them the expertise to be making these statements about things that you care about or that affect you so it's not supposed to be too mean to them actually but but To that point actually a lot of people in the public law network are formal scientists at formal institutions and have labs and Sometimes they don't even say so for a long time And then and then you know you're in this long months long conversation with them and then they sort of mention Oh, I could just take this to my lab at NASA Where I work and you're like you could have done that this whole time really But I think that they're an integral part of this I think that there's no way to make progress on environmental justice You know research and and and identifying pollutants without alliances and without building bridges with existing institutions And I think that in many cases Those experts are extremely eager to work directly with the public and on things that have an immediate import to you know Health and and you know the neighborhoods they live in and so forth. I Think with what we're doing is we're very conscious of the expert Analysis behind everything and we're kind of shaping our projects around where we know there's a need So example, for example, Johns Hopkins came to us They wanted to know where certain sources of air contamination might be and so we built a tool around that and quite frankly At this point it's taken more effort to build the public engagement side of things Then it simply would have been to sit and intern down at a computer and trace out all those wastewater ponds but the idea is that by engaging people in that and I mean taking care of some things like redundancy We have ten different people look at the same image and then we go back and quality control it to make sure that what we're providing is in Fact something usable by real scientists, but we're conscious of that from what we want people to see what we want to point them towards Yeah, like Jeff Because of the open aspect of safecast We have a lot of different people jumping in from different places and a bunch of those people actually get paid to do this in the real world so You know We have we have scientists contributing to stuff. We feel like some of what we're doing is science but more than that we actually Solicit as much as possible critique on our work to make sure that it actually holds up to Any kind of critique in that that it's useful because we're asking people to spend their time and effort to go out and Collect this data so that it can be used for other things And if and if it can't be used for those things and it's a waste of everybody's time So if the data doesn't hold up Then there's really no point in what we're doing. So we're very we're very interested in making sure that our stuff fits in that And for us also building off what you guys are saying I think we're we have Sort of the real scientists or whatever working with us as co-creators and collaborators on this project We're using their research in the development of the hardware We're using the software knowledge that has come out of their extensive experience doing water quality monitoring We're also using that that knowledge from Patrick Herron, for example, who does water quality monitoring in the mystic, which is an an environmental advocacy organization And so I see it more around In a sense what our role might be is to stage encounters between the people that have expertise but who might be seeking a Greater component of how do you like leverage that knowledge and get it out into the public and then bringing together people who? Have already an interest in water and water quality monitoring for specific sort of community-based reasons It's like how do you stage encounters and create space and time for those audiences to come together and share that knowledge And how do you do that? I mean, what I don't know we haven't done it yet I mean, I think that's that's sort of what I was showing at the end is that The model that we want to pilot is basically creating a program that would be based at the watershed level That would bring together what we're calling these civic nodes, which would include sort of scientists educators the Environmental advocacy groups, I mean not all of them at the same time But like sort of these representatives of each one at that particular watershed level and then journalists as well and thinking about Each of those groups has then this broader audience that they communicate back to to which their Opinion means something so like the academics communicate back to an academic community And that has a huge import for for how knowledge gets gets gets pushed forward But journalists communicate to the public that has also a huge Value and bringing public attention to something and so that's that's the thing that we want to pilot But it's definitely not figured out How do you guys specifically deal with relate with work with a lie with journalists? There's actually a discussion about a month ago on one of the public lab lists about you know the role of inexpensive sensors and DIY technologies for environmental Research in journalism and it was sort of a split crowd a lot of people You know coming from the journalism space a lot of people from the sort of the tech area that I've Activism side of things people saying well, you know Do journalists have the time and resources to do long-form investigative work in the environmental space and to sort of Tool up and learn these techniques and and so forth and a lot of people were saying that you know That's the that's what they have to do to to you know in modern journalism Some people saying there's no way Anyone's gonna have the time or money to pursue those things or at least the time if the tools are cheap But I think that there's a lot of opportunities for partnerships there where journalists can Get in contact with and begin collaborating with citizen groups Who are living in the areas that are affected that are doing monitoring on their own and can you know? Collaborate share data and they don't necessarily have to learn how to build a sensor or use it or whatever They should think of Local folks as as a resource as as a pool of expertise as people who really deeply understand a problem and are deeply invested in it And and I think that that's that's where the real magic is gonna happen You should totally add journalist to Chrome thing because that that's that plays into this a lot You know, I mean given given the open piece again Everything's available for for people so they're a little bit of how much people are interested in being a part of it and so we see with safecast everything from Journalists who write full stories about what we're doing without ever speaking to anybody and just sort of pulling pulling little bits and pieces out of other Stories that they found around or you know copying one line off our website or something to people who fly to where we're at or come visit Our volunteers that that go out in the field with us that collect data that get one of our own devices that see how it works Themselves and everything in between there So I think that by making everything available There's there's a huge wealth of information for journalists to take that and write very compelling pieces and and pass that information on and so There's a little bit a little bit of that is more in the hands of the journalists whether they actually are gonna move on that or or not I want to pick on I've been looking peering out there in the light to see if Jeremy Gilbert from National Geographic is there I Wondered Jeremy if as even maybe slowly wakes it makes his way back to you with the mic or maybe you can come towards this way So Jeremy works at National Geographic, which has done a little bit around science and a little bit around journalism has a 130 year legacy in the space I'm curious to get your reactions with your your Nat Geo Pith helmet on only a hundred and twenty six years So not that old no I mean I think the one thing that's really interesting that we have spent a lot of time thinking about is the difference Not not in who's a scientist because I love the idea that everyone is potentially a scientist and everyone is collecting data And I think you've already touched a little bit on the analysis part of it But one of the things that's really interesting I think for me about the frame of National Geographic is that we're interested in funding science We're interested in telling great stories and we're also interested in education And I guess the question I would pose to the panel particularly is about the educational component Which is one of the things we've run into is that data collection is different than analysis But it's also different than asking the questions that each of you have asked that led to the projects where you're collecting that data I was wondering what you have been able to do to start people thinking about asking Not questions of a scientist but scientific questions questions that can be proven proven with your kind of data Well, I think that getting at the sort of an environmental justice Origins of the the work that we're doing and the fact that we work with a lot of environmental justice groups is Many people actually start with the the question. They don't they're looking for education necessarily and education is sort of almost a byproduct because you know Like folks in in the Gulf Coast during the BP spill were like well is this are these Tar balls or are they is this organic material of some sort? What's going on here is my family safe? They have very pressing questions and in some cases You know They just want an answer. They don't want to have to fiddle with some device or something right? but but some people I think have the a little bit more You know time resources and they can they can step back and say if everyone had easy ways to to Determine these things to identify contaminants to you know check on these things then then we'd be in a better position in the first place So so I guess that's that's part of it. I Think I would add that our projects and the idea of skytruth thing of putting all of this imagery and data out in front of people is Maybe in a way a subliminal education that we want to offer an opportunity for people to take part in the scientific project You know some something that's in take action That's more than just adding your name to a petition but as they're going through hundreds of images of Wellpads in state forest land and on people's farms right next to houses that eventually sinks in that you start to see This is all of the impact that already exists and this is all of the area that could potentially be impacted in the future so I think having people go through that process and and learning about what Things to look for in an image is sort of a subliminal education Even if they're just coming as a I want to take action in some sort of area Well, you know with with radiation It's a very political topic and there's lots of hot discussion surrounding it from all different sides and so We try to we try to further that conversation as much as possible without without taking a definitive stand on it one way or another So we have mailing lists and blog posts and things where we Point to people who are doing analysis and we provide the data for people who are doing analysis and try to create a forum Where these discussions can come from and where people can can look at the data and try to gather something useful and interesting from it Without, you know keeping the data to ourselves and saying oh, here's what it means Yeah, and I just want to say that I think that that question is really important and I think it points at a Opportunity in this space to think more programmatically About how engagement happens and how education happens and what are the ways that people come into that? I mean a lot of times we think like It's like it's very empowering the discourse of citizen science and citizen journalism are very empowering to think that like we could all do This but then actually getting people to that point, especially if people aren't prepared to like to vote their lives to it Is I just think that's a whole realm of sort of social design that we can Think together about and that's what I'm hoping can start to emerge from all of us working together I guess on this are our new forms of engagement models where we think Really concretely about like then we will create this opportunity and these couple stakeholders will be at the table And then this thing will happen from there where it's it's not just about like we put it out there But we think really concretely about how we get to this next steps I think we have time for one more question and if there's not one I want to riff off Something Catherine and I were talking about earlier and also your point right there about how we engage with other audiences Simultaneous to this conference. There's a conference taking place right now called next library Where they're talking about the future of libraries and how to reinvent and rethink libraries as civic institutions and as you heard yesterday We I think Knight Foundation It sees libraries as very much as a key institution for connecting with humans where they live in their neighborhoods And I wonder as you think about other institutions of the libraries or other civically based Institutions where you're most excited where you see the greatest potential whether it's schools or libraries or if there are other Yes, I'll jump in that real quick You know one of one of the things that was core to safe cast founding was was the hacker space culture I run a hacker space in Los Angeles. We were very closely with the hacker space in Tokyo So all these hacker spaces working together is is how safe cast exists So it wouldn't it wouldn't without that network. And so I've been very excited to see sort of the hacker space maker space influx into Libraries in Los Angeles one of the main libraries in Koreatown is going to be Hosting the LA maker space on their whole second floor I know there's a lot of other library systems around the country that are working closely and putting maker spaces and hacker spaces and fab labs and things Actually into their spaces. And so I think that giving that information excuse me and Helping the community sort of get more involved in that sort of hands-on making piece of it I'm really excited about where that's going to head and Environmental or student groups, especially environmental student groups on campuses that has been a great opportunity for us We've really seen engagement. We got some people just coming to the website organically to look through these tools we're providing but really sitting people down at a In a room ordering a bunch of pizza and just saying let's spend a couple hours and and go through a couple thousand images and Processing that that has really gotten people sitting around in one place talking about an issue even if it's not quite so creative as the hacker space idea It's engaged a group of people in an event Jeff I know with you guys that you guys have used like public market places as places to engage people where they are Yeah, I mean I think well one thing that I guess we do a lot as we organize in-person events all over the world and And by we I mean like we have a fairly large organizers network of people who are Interested not only in the monitoring and so forth, but in actually you know creating groups of people cultivating, you know sort of local Chapters of public lab to tackle specific problems and so the the sort of local meetup has been Backbone of that of that sort of growth people get together. They pitched each other sort of updates on products They've been working on they ask for help on things People exchange tips. They actually bring devices and monitoring devices or they ask about data They brought and there's a real sort of important aspect to in-person meetings and the sort of bonds that you create in the connections you create there we also have periodic regional and international events we have That we call the barn raisings After the Amish barn raising idea of like coming together to make something and typically those are done at sites where there is an environmental justice concern The the one that we have every year is South of New Orleans in a place called coca tree and it's in a place where you know as we're sort of enjoying ourselves After the conference day is over and people have made a bunch of things You can sit there and actually see a refinery flare, you know a mile down the road You can see a lot of the hardware from the oil and gas operations in the area out in the in the wetlands as you're canoeing around there and I think that that sort of immediacy of the issues that people face Inspires and sort of keeps people focused on those sorts of problems as opposed to just making stuff But it's sort of a hybrid of this Catherine what's the next place that you're excited about engaging people? We were so excited about the library at the Chicago library's news challenge winner, so we've been talking a lot about that actually I Think that's a great way to end Thank you. Please give a round of applause for our for our presenters here today


Mikkelsen, Zagar, Frick and Madsen. Here we go with heat number two and it's a clean getaway this time. Who's going to emerge from the outside? Madsen's trying the outside run. Kofu flying Mikkelsen on the inside line and watch out here for Zagar charging through on the inside. During the business in blue, that was a smart move from Zagar. Already a short of his place next season of course. Madsen now on the inside run, pressurizing his fellow, Dave Mikkelsen. Now pressurizing Zagar. We've got a race on our hands here now. Oh, we're nearly right in the back of Zagar. There we have indeed got a race on our hands. Zagar coming charging through, but Madsen's going to get there. He spares the corner on. Easy as you like. Zagar now replaying the compliment. Swapping places for fun here. Madsen again showing terrific speed down the back straight. World championships being way bursting into life in heat number two, that's for sure. The world number two now hits the front. Stamps his authority on heat two. He's going to win it from there. Looking really quick, but also I'd like to say that was a really intelligent ride, the way he cut up the inside spot in the gap and pounced. Leon Madsen in yellow, second in blue, Matty Zagar, who really wrote nicely early on there. That was a really good effort, but Madsen, the star of the show and... Boom, the tapes are up and the way we go. Mikkelsen's nicely tidied around the inside, but Zagar certainly makes the best of it initially down the back straight. And again from the tapes, Mikkelsen making that inside gate work. Madsen trying to make his way around the outside, but finds his path blocked by Zagar. But look at the speed of Madsen. We saw it all season long last year. Passing world-class people for fun again, squaring the corner off. Down the inside of the back straight, hits the front. Zagar making him work hard for it. But once the Danish man hits the front, he is able to maintain it. Track looks good. It's going to evolve. This is going to be some good racing here this evening. And Leon Madsen, who's had back surgery not that long ago, in actual fact, starts with three points and be pleased.


The Diamondbacks hit, back-to-back home runs against Milwaukee in game one, and both of them were pimped pretty well. Which one do you like better? That's upper deck changeup, 440 feet from Carroll. Look at that, just floating right into the sweet spot, connects on it, and then says, oh yeah, oh yeah. This one, Marte's gotta stop and watch. The very next pitch, inside fastball, clobbers it. Line drive, the Umpcam, watch this. As soon as he sees that ball in flight up there, he's like, ooh, I gotta stop and watch. That's beautiful. Ooh, ooh.


comments and Boston and anybody who's watching this video my name is Miranda Craigwell I am a comments producer for Melinda Lopez Melinda is in residence at the Huntington Theatre Company for three years this is the first of three years of the Mellon residency and I just wanted to introduce myself I am a theater maker a playwright and an actress or in Boston I've been producing for Melinda for one year and I wanted to introduce you to the series what we're doing right now is basically we're documenting Melinda's journey as a resident and the title of the series is Melinda Lopez documenting a dream and while that feels kind of lofty I want to give it some grounding with the reason I chose that title when I was talking to Melinda about what she wanted to accomplish this year one of the things she said was dream time dream time to think about the next play that she wanted to write so she's in residence at the Huntington Theatre Company which basically means she's a member of the staff artistically and operationally and I thought about the idea of a dream you know it's the things that we we think about subconsciously the things that we want the things that we desire and I said you know what this this series needs to be called documenting the dream because the dream of artists being planted in theaters needs to not be a dream anymore by documenting it we need to get it down we need to get a nice little formula so people like me can have the the financial backing the artistic support that we need in order to make good work and that's what the 14 residents the 14 fellows are doing in their residencies so let me tell you a little bit more about these residents there are 14 resident artists around the country and they each have a resident producer so someone who's documenting and disseminating what they're learning on their journey so whether that's new artistic accomplishments or new ways of approaching theater we here the resident producers are here to make sure that that information gets to you I invite you to watch this space these videos will definitely be on how the HowlRound site so definitely check out www.howlround.com there you find all the information that you need about the other residents around the country as well as information on what's going on in the theater world in general and by supporting this venture by being interested in what these artists do you're making a way for artists like me to maybe one day find a residency myself so I invite you to watch this space enjoy if you have any questions or any feedback about the program feel free to hit up the cats at HowlRound they're interested this is the comments we want the comments everybody who's interested in theater to take part so that everybody who's interested in theater can really win and learn from this residency experience so welcome thank you and enjoy


Imagine NASA is launching a new space mission. TV reporters are at the launch site. They talk about the technical challenges of launching a rocket, the physics of space travel, and the science of our solar system. Then to provide some balanced coverage, they also interview someone who thinks the moon landing was a hoax. Doesn't make sense, right? Typically, journalists try to give both sides of an issue equal voice to give balanced coverage of the issue. This is appropriate with social and political issues or matters of opinion, but does it work with scientific facts? Should media coverage of the facts surrounding a NASA space mission include the opinion that the moon landing was a hoax? Similarly, should someone who denies a scientific consensus on climate change be given equal weight with the 97% of climate scientists who agree with the evidence that humans are causing global warming? In these cases, giving equal weight to people who deny a scientific consensus is not providing balanced media coverage because it doesn't accurately reflect the science. Instead, it allows a small vocal minority to have their views amplified. Media coverage of climate science plays a big role in people's views about climate change. It's especially important because many people get their scientific information from mainstream media, from TV, from the radio, from the newspaper, from media sources on the internet. So for people who manufactured out about climate change, mainstream media provide useful tools in increasing misconceptions about climate change. They often achieve this by exploiting the journalistic norm of balance. To give another example, this is like insisting that an astrophysicist should share the stage with someone who believes the earth is flat. It conveys a misleading impression of ongoing scientific disagreement. What effect does this type of mixed media coverage have? One study tested this by showing two types of TV coverage about climate change. One version was a new segment showing a mainstream scientist explaining climate change. The other was the same new segment, but it also included someone who denied the human influence on climate change. What was the result? Among the group who watched the media coverage with just the mainstream scientists, 48% thought that most scientists agree that global warming was happening. Now, 48% is already disturbingly low, but among the group who watched mixed media coverage that included the dissenting scientists, perceived consensus was even lower. Only 36% thought that the scientists agreed. Mixed media coverage also lowered acceptance that climate change was happening and it lowered support for climate action. I've conducted similar research, but rather than show TV coverage, I showed a written article that gave climate scientists equal weight with scientists who reject their consensus. The left bar here shows what people think the consensus is if they're not showing any media coverage about climate change. The right bar shows perceived consensus after they're shown some mixed media coverage. So this essentially shows before and after. What it shows is just reading an article that gives scientists and contrarians equal weight lowers perception of consensus. People end up thinking that there's less scientific agreement after seeing mixed media coverage. This means that how the media cover various dimensions of climate science has a big effect on people's perception of these issues. Giving contrarians equal weight with climate scientists serves to misinform the public and reduce recognition that the climate is changing. Ironically, the journalistic standard originally designed to prevent bias actually leads to the systematic distortion of the science. With this in mind, how has media covered climate change over the years? Well, it doesn't look good. One study looked at media coverage from 1988 to 2002 in the Prestige Press, the leading newspapers in the US. They found that over half of the news reports on climate change gave contrarian views equal weight with climate scientists. This type of skewed media coverage has contributed to a false perception of a divided scientific community. There are some indications that things are improving. A follow-up study found that from 2003 to 2006, US Prestige Press coverage improved to the point where in 2006, nearly 97% of the coverage was accurate. That's not too bad in reflection of the 97% consensus in the climate science community. However, network television in the US is still disappointing with nearly 70% of news segments giving equal weight to opposing science. So portraying climate change as an equal debate between opposing science only serves to confuse people and lower public perception of consensus. What do we do about this? In my own research, I found two approaches that neutralize the misinforming influence of mixed media coverage. Firstly, explain how mixed media coverage can give a misleading impression. When I explained to participants about the strategy of trying to portray the false impression of ongoing scientific disagreement before showing them the mixed media coverage, I found that the misinformation was completely neutralized. Secondly, there's an even more powerful approach. Simply communicate the level of scientific agreement. When you communicate the simple message that 97% of climate scientists agree on human cause global warming, mixed media coverage has no effect. It enables people to realize that when they see two people arguing in the media, one side represents 97% of climate scientists and the other represents the 3% of scientists who reject the consensus. In short, more context helps people more accurately understand dimensions of climate change.