Welcome back to the video series on sampling distributions. We're just going to continue to work with our sampling distribution. And today we're going to get into how we can compare that to the true values. So if you recall from the last video, we had these, the sample of dice rolls that we were able to visualize and then create a sampling distribution. Of the means of each sample. So one of the reasons that we develop the sampling distributions is that we use them to test things so we can say, does the sampling distribution center around the true mean. And so in this case, one of the benefits of working with dice rolls as an example, is that we know what the true mean is, it's seven, you will always, in theory, if you roll enough dice, you will always get seven is the most common and sort of central number. So in particular, the dice outcomes sort of follow this trend where there's you can roll one and one to get a two, but you can roll one and two to get a three and get one and two that way. And so we have the most values for seven. So we can jump right into the coding here. So I've pre coded this aspect of the theoretical outcomes. And this is a very, a little bit of a faster way to develop a large data frame, because we've pre wrote all of these. So each of these, if we run this and come down here, we can print out twos, for example, and it's just one to but then if we look at sevens. We have a list of six sevens. And so this is a quick way to develop a data frame or series of data frames, and then we can connect them. So we can create a new data frame called true. Use our PD dot data frame command. And again, doing this curly brackets that we can specify the outcome. And the outcome is just twos, plus threes, plus fours, plus fives, and so on. So this is why we create these variables above, because we can quickly just add them together in order to create a data frame that doesn't need us to sit there and write out every single number that is included in our true data frame. So we can come down here and print true DF. And so then we can see that we've got the outcome here, and we've got all of our data in a single column. And so then we can also, you know, plot that plot those values. We're going to use a histogram. So we'll say GG plot true the F. And then we say geom histogram and give it our AS statement. So our X is just equal to outcome. We don't have any why we're not doing any film. We say bins equals 12. Bin with equals one. And then outside of the histogram. I'm going to add a second or third line that we say scale X continuous. And we say breaks range from two to 13. And this will essentially tell the histogram where we want our specific breaks for our bins. And so the range tells it the first value. And you'll notice that it only goes until 12. This is a something that you have to do in Python, whenever you're having a range of data, the last one is not inclusive. So you can say from two to 13 exclusive to 13, meaning that it's really two to n minus one. In this case, and minus one is 12. We've got our data frame of true values, which is exactly what we expect we have this nice bell curve seven up here is the maximum. And we can go on either side. So this is our population. This is our true population. And what we want to do is compare our data or samples to that theory or true population. So we've got several steps here. The first thing we're going to do is create a new column called label, which is going to specify that this is the true outcome as opposed to a sample. So to create a new data for our new variable a new column, we just add it here and tell it what goes into it so it's just going to be true. If we just print out the first five rows, we can now see that we've got this label and everything is set to true. So then the next thing that we need to do is reset the index. And we do this so that the sample number can, while we're resetting the index to our data frame up here, so that we can make sure that we have the actual values in a column instead of as an index. So this is just data DF reset index. And so now we can see that we've got what used to be a index is now a row or a column. And then we need to rename. So just so that it matches the true DF column we want them both to be called label. So we say data DF. We need to save it as something so data DF equals data DF dot rename. And then we change sample to label, making sure that we match exactly what we wrote up here down to the proper cases. And just to show how that is changing, we can print out the first five rows. So now we can see that this is no longer called sample, it's called label. And then finally, we can concatenate this into two data frames while maintaining our long format. So we'll just call it data frame cat. We use the PD dot can cat function. And in this case we give it our first data frame, comma, our second data frame in square brackets. We print that and see that it starts off with all of our true data and then it ends with all of our sample data. And so then the last thing that we can do to compare the true population with our sample is that we can create a histogram. So what we'll do is again using GG plot. We'll say DF and cat is our data. Again, geom histogram. We give it the AES statement. So we say X equals outcome. In this case, we're going to add a Y. So earlier we're going to use this to essentially make it do a statistic rather than account on the histogram. So we're going to say after stat density. So this will tell it to use the density calculation as the Y value instead of account. And then we want to fill based off of the label. Again, we want to specify 12 bins been with one. And we're going to add an extra thing called position, which will essentially prevent it from stacking on top of each other will just separate them out so they're next to each other. And then we'll do our scale X continuous. So that our range is as expected. So we can run this. And so now we can see the distribution of all of these values. So our true value in purple here, we can see it's got this nice bell curve but we can see that sample for for example had a lot of sixes. Less down here we can see that sample three to one two and four have more sevens than the true value and so forth. And so we can use this to see how these distributions. Compare. And then if we wanted to find the sample distribution. Again, we need to get the distribution of the means in order to make it a sample distribution so we'll call this DF means to. And then we can say DF underscore and cat group by. And in this case, we're going to group by label. We're going to say mean. And then we're also going to rename so that they're a bit more descriptive outcome will become sample means. So we can see each of our sample means, and the true population mean down here at the bottom. And we can use that to compare. And what we'll get into in the next series of videos is how we can use this data to develop confidence intervals and start to make some inferences based off of our sample.


First of all, just a very warm welcome. I'm Paru Rahman. I'm chair of the Migration and Diolch Centre here at Siles and we're delighted to be able to welcome Professor Danny Dawley, who's going to give the last lecture in a series that we've had this year. So I just want to say a few words about that to put the lecture into some sort of context first. So during this academic year, the centre has held a series of seminars and lectures which have explored the relationship between the upcoming general election and Britain's migrant communities and British immigration policy more generally. What we've tried to do is offer an alternative perspective to the dominant narratives that we hear every day about migrants and immigration in this country. As I'm sure many of you will be painfully aware, much public debate is often extremely discriminatory towards migrants and also serves to divide the communities that we all live in. So you could say that we live in a climate of migration misinformation in a way which is circulated by the media. It's reinforced by politicians and migrant communities within this discourse are routinely racialized. They're judged in very narrow academic terms considering about how much they contribute to the state or how much they take out of the state. We're very quick to make moral judgments about the deserving and the undeserving genuine refugees versus so-called asylum, bogus asylum seekers. And it's really in this context, it's in this context of this sort of debate that we've had in the news today, the news about the ongoing tragic migrant deaths in the Mediterranean. And of course the trouble is that the internal debate, the domestic debate is not separate from what's going on in the wider context. So one clearly informs the other. And it's exacerbated by the way that politicians are dealing with this so-called situation as a form of risk management about where calculations have to be made. It's based on perceived threats to nation states and projected outcomes. And I would suggest that there's no sure way for us to lose sight of our common humanity. I don't really know how else we can explain the terms within which this discourse is taking place currently in this country. And of course although this might be for multiple reasons, historic reasons as well as the politics of what's going on at the moment, the human tragedy which is unfolding before us, is quite clearly partly due to the racist and discriminatory immigration policy which is run by the states in Europe and elsewhere. Somehow that's become rather invisible in this current debate. So one question I would ask is what leads to this invisibility. And I would suggest that it's sometimes an outcome of the very narrow vantage points that we adopt when we look at these issues, and I'm including academics in that. So in this last in our series, I'm really delighted that Professor Danny Dawling is going to help us by helping us look at the bigger picture. Okay, and I think he's going to do that very well. Danny Dawling is Professor of Geography at Oxford. He joined in 2013 when he took up the Helford Macindor Professorship. Some of you might know him through his cartographic work, his cartographic award, I'm not sure. But the World Mapus website, if you're not familiar with it, I would recommend it to you very highly. It's absolutely fantastic and engaging way of learning about issues that might otherwise seem a bit obscure to us. Today he's going to tell us the story of Britain's diminishing role in the world and the growing inequality that we see within the borders of the nation state. And he's very well equipped to do this. Earlier in the week I actually went online to have a look at an overview of what Professor Dawling has published recently, and I have to say that I was tempted to go and have a lie down in a darkened room afterwards because he is prolific. There's many articles out there. He writes on a regular basis on the Times Higher Education Supplements and The Guardian, Newt Statesman interviewed on the BBC. And that's really what I find most engaging about him, that Danny Dawling is not an academic that stays within the confines of his ivory town.  So today Professor Dawling is going to paint this wider picture for us, which explains migration, I think, in a whole series of international relationships and historic events that have been unfolding over time. And I have been told that he's also going to show us some new maps. So I'm going to hand over to Danny Dawling. He's going to talk for about 50 minutes, and that will be followed by questions. So please join me in giving him a very warm welcome. Thank you very much for that. I'm not actually that prolific. I just work with a lot of other people. And I was just adding it up in my head, and I think the majority of people I've worked with in the last few years have either been migrants themselves, they've crossed international borders, or they're the children of migrants. I've worked with very few people like me who are not the children of international migrants. I was also glad that you mentioned our common humanity, because I've put down a tag at GeoViews. The maps you're going to see later are produced by Ben Henig, who's from Germany, originally well. So it's learned all over the place. He's a normal European, so he doesn't really know where he's from.  So if you like any of the maps I show you, can you just tweet Ben, get your Atlas made to GeoViews, and we'll move the world a little bit forward. I'm going to talk for about ten minutes, quarter an hour about the UK context and the election, and then I'm going to go worldwide, because it's a lot less depressing to look at the planet as a whole, rather than this place. I have reasons in my head as to why the UK is in such a bad place at the moment. You shouldn't think it's always going to be like this, but it is particularly bad right now. I like drawing maps. Here's a normal map of the last election result. On normal maps everything always looks blue, no matter what happens, which is why normal maps are a bad idea. The other two maps are what are called two types of population cartogram, and they make areas where people live proportional to number of people, so that you can actually see who wins elections and where they win them. For those of you who are not familiar with British politics, where this Labour left, blue is the Conservatives, there are lots of other parties, they're not as important as they think they are. The purple areas here are the constituencies which the Conservatives won last time. They're suburban, they're all over the place, they tend to be pretty boring areas. I'm afraid if you don't have a vote in one of those places, you don't really matter. Come May the 7th. I'm not saying you shouldn't bother voting, but if you happen to have a vote in one of those places, if you're a student you can often have a vote in two places or three, or as many as you like, you're only supposed to vote once, but you can register anywhere where you have an interest, and if you haven't seen one of those purple places, that's the place you should be voting if you want to affect the election. If you're wondering what the parties are playing at, why does Labour produce those mugs with control immigration, it's because of that map, that's who they are, and because of their lack of moral fibre as well. The Office of National Statistics now produces these things as well, because the basic map essentially is a map of sheep and white people. If you want to see what Britain's really like, you can't use a normal map. This is the change in voting from 2001 to 2010 in the country. Many parts of the country actually moved away from the Conservative Party. Scotland moved away, Sheffield, where I used to live at this time, moved away. Oxford East, where I now live, actually saw a swing towards Labour. Running in South West London and Surrey, and Essex, that the Conservatives became more popular. That was very bad news for them in 2010, because they already held most of the constituencies in those areas. If you're a political party, you want to gain votes in areas where you're doing okay, but you're not winning so that you can win. You don't really want to gain that many votes in areas where you can't win, they're not going to give you a MP, and you really can't be bothered about winning yet more votes in areas where you're already extremely popular, because again, you've already got the MP. That is what is happening to the Conservative Party. At the moment, that is why they couldn't form a government in 2010. These two maps show you the share of the vote for the Libyles and the Conservatives put together, the bluer areas where they do better in the vote, the grey areas where they do worse, and the map, which is further away from me, is showing you how that turns into seats, because the first pasta post system polarises votes. If you've got a slight advantage in an area, you can win all the constituencies in the county just by being slightly ahead in the polls. So in Oxfordshire, the Conservatives win five of the six constituencies, but they're not in a majority anywhere. This is probably the most important graph that I'm going to show you in terms of the election. It's a segregation index for Conservative voters. So it's showing you the proportion of Conservative voters you'd have to move around the country at each election from 1918 onwards, right through to 2010, if you were to get an even distribution of Conservative voters everywhere. The Conservative Party used to be more polarised in particular areas in the 1920s and 1930s, including in Scotland where they did well, and other parts of the country which were more Protestant and more Unionist. That concentration of Conservative votes in particular areas reduced over time. The party went up and down, they won elections, lost elections, but they spread out more. You ended up with Conservative voters everywhere, and with people voting for other parties everywhere in the 1960s and 1970s. Then everything changed in October 1974. In October 1974, there was a second election. It's worth remembering that because we could have a second election this time, or even a third election. In October 1974, the people of the south-east of England swung to the Conservative Party in large numbers. Not enough for the Conservatives to win the election, Labour actually won that election, but that's your little blip there. Down again slightly in 1979 with Thatcher's mini landslide, and then ever since 1979, the Conservative vote in this country has become more and more polarised into the south-east, into the home counties, into the affluent parts of the country. People have stopped voting Conservative in the north. They've stopped voting Conservative entirely in Scotland. I didn't meet a single Conservative when I lived in Sheffield for ten years. They stopped existing, no Conservative councillors. And the polarisation is continuing. If that graph goes up again on May 7, there is no way the Conservatives will be able to form a majority government, even if they actually get an increase in their vote, because they'll be getting the votes in the areas where they don't need them. This is polls up until Christmas. They've kind of bubbled along since then. It's not a particularly good graph because it appears to go down for the others because UKIP has suddenly taken out, but essentially there's a rise in the others. The one interesting thing that's happened since Christmas, to my point of view, is that in the last few weeks we've seen university students move so that now more university students are planning to vote green than vote Conservative. There are quite a lot of university students who vote Conservative, but no longer as many as those who plan to vote green. If university students could only ever get their act together, they're an incredibly powerful force. There's about two million of them. They're highly geographically concentrated. They just need to pick one party and stick with it and make some deals with that party and they could hand that party a series of seats. But student politics isn't clever enough to realise it's worth doing that. This graph looks very similar to that graph of the polarisation of the Conservative vote. It's a share in income of the 1%, the best of 1% in society for six countries. The countries weren't picked by me, but they're a nice summary of what's happened. Everywhere in the rich world was extremely unequal around about 1913. Inequalities have increased, so when those graphs come down, that means the rich are taking a smaller share, things are getting better for everybody else. Inequalities reduced because of the cost of the First World War. They reduced because of the fear generated by the Russian Revolution, which was a real tangible fear for the 1%. They saw what happened to the 1% in Russia. They carried on reducing throughout the Second World War and through to the 1970s. Then with economic crisis in the 70s, different countries went in different directions. The UK went in the strangest direction of all. In the 1970s, of those six countries, the UK was the second most equitable. Only Sweden was more equal than the UK. This is a country I grew up in, this is a country I can remember. It is not a country that you're told about very much now, that we were second only to Sweden amongst large countries, but we were. Then you'll see that the UK line hops over country after country after country as we try to limit the United States and as our 1% take more and more, and the rest are left with less and less. If you include estimates for tax evasion, the 1% are currently taking about 15% of all income. So it's a very, very economically divided country. The most economically divided country in Europe. The poorest fifth of Britain are by far the worst off in Western Europe. Our median household is living on a lower income than the median, the middle household in France and Germany. Politicians in Britain never tell you this, that the median is doing better in France and Germany. And that's before housing costs. And we have the highest housing costs for the smallest housing. So part of the underlying political rhetoric of what's gone on in the UK is people have lost out. They felt they've lost out. They felt things would be getting relatively worse. And since 2009, 2010, absolutely worse. And they've been told that the reason they've lost out is the immigrants. Not the people who are taking 15% of all income. I promise not to show you any other graph as complicated as this. Again, this is another kind of statistic which just isn't shown very much. And it's showing for all large European countries in the USA the proportion of public spending as a share of GDP. The UK is the blue dots with a red line. And if you go right to the end, you'll see that we now have the lowest share of public spending of any of these countries. We are the sentinel nation for people who want to see what happens if you let the free market rip and cut the state as much as you can. We have now managed to overtake the United States of America and spend less on our public services than the United States of America is spending on its. This is painted as inevitable as the only way you can go. But if you look at those countries at the top, which are the ones at the bottom of the key, you'll see that there are many different options about how you can organise the state and how you can live. If nobody tells you that's possible, then you don't tend to imagine those kinds of futures. And you can accept the idea that we just have to cut and cut and cut. The difference between the Labour and the Conservative parties in terms of their spending plans for the next five years is about that on the graph. It matters, it's important, but when you get to vote, if you haven't delivered one of those constituencies that matters, the decision you're making is about moving the UK down to there or to there. Nobody's given the option of becoming an average European country. That's not on the cards of any party which has much of a chance of getting very close to power. Even the SNP are not talking about moving Labour towards heading towards the median European spending. I'm going to show you some of Ben's maps now of Europe. If you like these maps, don't forget to tweet your views and just tell them to do more of them. This is just a simple way of looking at things like unemployment. We've shaped the countries of Europe according to how many people are registered unemployed. You shouldn't necessarily take this as being a measure of economic failure. You can get your unemployment rate down to zero quite easily without creating many jobs. You do it by having the most draconian set of sanctions ever and the lowest rates of unemployment benefit. People will then do anything because they have to do anything. In the last year, the sanctions to people who are on benefits in Britain, the total amount of money they've been fined if they've broken one of numerous little regulations, has been more money than the entire fines handed out by all the magistrates courts in the country. That's very recent. It's very recent that that has happened. If you do that, you can get unemployment down very low. Zooming out now to the European level. This is the European Parliament. These are the major party groups in the European Parliament. The blue group is the Conservative group in the European Parliament. The red group is the socialist or if you like the Labour group in the European Parliament. Because almost all of the rest of Europe has democracy, you can actually vote on your vote matters unlike in the UK, there is a wider set of parties, there's a different set of choices, and so you have more colours there. Now I'm going to show you those votes distributed across the continent. The first thing is to look at the distribution of Conservative voters across Europe. It looks rather like the population distribution of Europe. That's where the Conservative voters are. There's Conservative voters in Spain and Portugal and in France. There's Conservative voters in Germany and lots of Conservative voters in Eastern Europe and still quite a lot there were back then, there aren't any more, but there were back then in Greece. You might have noticed that there aren't any Conservative voters in the UK. That's because people in the UK were not given the choice of voting for a European party that was Conservative. Our Conservative party in this country no longer belongs to a Conservative group in Europe. It belongs to a small group of right-wing extremists who are popular in a few parts of Eastern Europe as well. So that's the group that our current coalition leaders belong to. It's a very odd situation to be in. Here are the Liberals in Europe. We have a few Liberals in Europe but not very many. If we were a more normal European country we would have more Liberals. That's partly because we'd have PR which would give the Liberals more of a say nationally at Westminster and that would help them in other elections as well. Here's the so-called European Freedom and Direct Democracy party which is UKIP and their friends in Italy. Again, this is a fairly extreme thing. There are extreme parties across Europe. In a way the rise of UKIP is kind of a good thing because you don't really become a normal European country until you get a small semi-fashes party emerge. So the emergence of UKIP in a way could be seen as a signal that we are becoming more European but most of Europe really doesn't have many people in that particular block of voting. Here's the Greens and you see we're behind the curve with Greens. We've got a nascent Green Party. Not a properly developed Green Party yet whereas most of the rest of Europe has a much more properly developed Green Party. Again, because of the voting system in Britain that holds new parties back. I'm going to look out from Europe and look out from the UK and look out towards the world because it's a much more interesting picture if you begin to look at what's happening to humanity across the planet. It's a much less depressing picture than if you just concentrated what's happening in the UK and it may partly explain what's happening in the UK. I've been looking at these kind of maps and images for over 20 years so I'm very used to them but almost all of you are going to see these for the first time so I'll try not to go for it too quickly but if you feel you're getting lost by what you see in a minute that's because you're normal and your brain isn't as elastic as some very weird people's brains are. So don't feel surprised if you can't follow all of this. There's a lot of images to show. 7.3 billion people at the moment on the planet. It's not that many. It can appear to be a lot but it really isn't necessarily a huge number. Here we've just drawn a dot of light for each of those people but now what we're going to do is going to take the normal map and transform it. So instead of having... well it isn't even land area that map it's a really strange map that you normally see instead of having the normal map we're going to make each small part of the world proportional to the number of people who live there so that you can see what humanity looks like on the map. This is the planet of people that you're living on. So there's a normal map again and you'll see that the Sahara will begin to disappear the Himalayas will begin to disappear India will grow because there's over a billion people in India China will grow because again there's over a billion people in China Europe will shrink because it is a small part of the world of humanity getting smaller because we are having fewer and fewer children and that is the world that you are living in and what we're going to do now is show you various things draped over that world so you can get an idea of where you are what planet you're on and what's happening. So first of all major cities here are some of the largest cities on the planet and as you can see they're distributed fairly evenly over the population but there are parts of... well certainly Africa parts of India and China where they are going to have a few more major cities in future because of the number of people that are there urbanisation is likely to carry on at a greater rate there than elsewhere simply because of the weight of humanity in contrast Latin America is already the most urbanised part of the planet we just zoom into Europe again and I'll do some more pictures of the UK before we zoom out to try to keep some of you with me who I may have lost you'll see that we are a large chunk of Europe we are a significant chunk of the population of Europe if we leave the European Union it is a big issue possibly it would help mainland Europe move forward faster than if we stay with it it's an interesting question to ask and I'll end talking about that but we are a large part of Europe and we are largely a series of cities and the bulk of us is down here in the south-east in London Spain is Madrid, France is Paris centred Greece really is simply Athens and a few outlying places so when people tell you there's a Greek economic crisis they're really talking about one city that's how it looks from the point of view of human beings so this is this country zoomed in to get an idea about where matters and it's similar to those maps of elections I showed you before so I have just come from that little city squeeze between Birmingham and London I'm going to show you these maps now shaded by something else this is the regions of England and the Bowers of London and the size of them has been made proportional to the amount of money spent by houses and flats each year just to give you an idea about what the housing market looks like if that's confusing or if you want to get angry that's the amount of money spent every year on flats and houses so if you take two digits off that and get it to take one percent of it you work out how much money estate agents are making each year which is a lot of money but you can also see just how precarious the UK housing market is you can see the crash that happened in 2008-9 you can see how we're building up potentially towards another crash the more prices rise the more likely a crash will be slow down the crash is somewhat less likely I'll skip that one this is an attempt to look at overseas money we officially count as a tax haven under international definitions of tax havens again we're a strange country and just one more use of this kind of map to show you here's nuclear power stations and we've put rings around them at 20km and 30km and I think at 80km which are the kind of levels that people worry about if somebody blows one of these things up we have an earthquake we're lucky we don't have too many earthquakes exactly the same map but drawn over people and you can do the same thing for trauma centres or universities whatever you like and the interesting thing here is you'll see that in London or at least this part of London we're not that near the exclusion zone of a nuclear power station it's not because we have a lot of people here because there are a lot of people living up in Yorkshire and Manchester and Newcastle but they're allowed to live within that distance of a nuclear power station they're just less important people the reason I think you can say this is that Ben has drawn the same maps for France and Germany and surprise surprise Paris and Bonn and Berlin they're all excluded as well so it's just different ways of looking at data and looking at it over people and here is Germany here's a detailed map of Germany the colouring I'll show you for the whole world in a minute the colouring over there is population change the blue areas have been losing population population is going down population is going down in most of Europe in Italy they only have 1.3 children per couple they've had only 1.3 children per couple for years and years and years in Barcelona it's below 1.1 if you're worried about population and immigration you'd be sending boats down to the Libyan coast to bring people in to make up for all the children we have not been having in Europe for so long but in Germany the population is going down in the east in particular as people leave but in the industrial reau and in the red areas of suburbanisation it's increasing slightly here's the worldwide picture of population change the world hit peak baby in 1990 we've never had as many babies again as a number of babies we had in 1990 so those babies most of them have survived are aged 25 at the moment the world may never have as many 25 year olds again as it has now there are a lot of 25 year olds in the world there are a lot of 25 year olds fairly near the edge of Europe it's one reason why quite a few people are trying to come into Europe because there aren't quite a lot of people but we've had deceleration of population since 1971 it looks absolutely set to continue the average family in the world have three children now their children are dead set on only having two children each if you only have two children you have population stability the world is set to stop growing in terms of people sometime within the next 100 years I think near as 70 years UN estimates vary from saying we're going to get to 9 billion to 10 to 11 it all depends on mini baby booms going on at the moment globally only in the red areas are you predicted relatively rapid change and in the past all those estimates ended up being wrong so in the Yemen there was very high change predicted I would be very surprised if that increase in the Yemen actually happens it's always somewhere where there's a disaster where you have relatively high population change when things go wrong for people they have more babies when there's war people have more babies and there's famine people have more babies when there's economic uncertainty people have more babies when you get rid of a welfare state people have more babies because what you do if you're not going to get a pension you have a baby, that's your pension when there's stability, when things calm down when you get a choice when women manage to get the slightest piece of power ever so small you have fewer babies you can measure the power of women by the number of babies that people have essentially men tend to want an extra half to an extra one baby than women if any of you are female there's various good reasons for why this goes on only one of the two of you has actually got to have the thing right and after you've done it once or twice being asked to do it a third or a fourth time over half the world is now below fertility replacement level this is an incredibly good news story unbelievably good news story it's coupled with an amazing news story about infant mortality about three or four years ago we had a 5% drop as far as we can tell in infant mortality in one year probably I think the best news story on the planet in all history 5% drop in babies dying in one year they've been going down and down and down the faster infant mortality drops the fewer babies people choose to have so there are very very good things going on worldwide and I'm happy to talk in questions about it but it gets you out of the kind of depression of austerity cuts and idiot racist policies in Britain these kind of good news stories it's also linked to these policies of course because if we are heading for a world of stability and a dramatic reduction and shortage of young people worldwide then in 40 or 50 or 60 years time when people look back and say what do you mean you are trying to stop young people coming into your country they'll find it hard to understand what was going on now it is not hard to see why people think in the way they do at the moment because it's been such a long time since we last saw a population for worldwide the last population for worldwide was probably shortly after the black death and after the black death the power of labour rose people's wages rose there was a shortage of human beings and we're heading again to a shortage of human beings there's already a shortage of human beings in China that's what happens if you have so few children for so long in China in China the average number of children per couple had already fallen from six to just about two before the one child policy came in it fell from six to two in a generation and then goes down to just over one so you have a huge number of people who have two parents and four grandparents that enables you to move forward economically very very fast because your adult population are not spending their time looking after children because they are not children but it's a thing you can only pull off once you can only do that once all the blue areas in China are all the areas of China which are now currently falling in terms of total population so the largest part of the world in terms of people where population is falling is in China China also contains those red areas those are parts of China which are increasing in population not because people are having babies but because people from the countryside are walking in to those areas and the second largest part of the world with population falls is Europe the data is slightly out of date for the USA since 2008 the USA has now joined the club and the population of the USA is falling in terms of fertility an estimate of where the wealth of the world is or GDP over people and then I'll skip over the environmental maps but we really should look at these things from the point of view of people if you look at earthquakes physical geographers love earthquakes if an earthquake happens in the middle of nowhere it's not very important if it happens to many people if it does matter and again look at southern Europe and you'll see that near to here we have a large population who are at risk of earthquakes volcanoes distributed over the population rather than over space tropical storms and I'm going to show you a little animation now about the cold winter of 2013 and the point of showing you these various things is that we are getting climate change we're beginning to be able to measure the effects of climate change and to see it come in and to see the effects over us as a group over humanity as a whole who is affected when the cold weather comes in which people are most affected I'll show you about water now these are the kind of things that matter people need water so this is the rains as they fall over the population of the planet we have enough water for everybody there was lots of worries about water running out but it would be good if people were to move or stay near to where the water sources were and were not to move and populate areas without water particularly California if you've been watching the news last few weeks but that gives you an idea about how the monsoons move across the population and the water matters in terms of producing the food this is just a very different way of looking at things than the point of view of can we have immigration controls and will those ships carry on bringing the food to us I'm going to stretch the world even further now just to make sure I do lose almost everybody and then I'll bring it back to people but here's the planet draw on instead of drawing areas proportional to people I'm drawing it proportional to water or rather I should say Ben's drawing it so if you like these things don't forget to tweet Geofuse and tell him to get the Atlas done and this is the planet changing month by month as the rainfall moves across the planet these are the kind of things we need to worry about with 7.3, 8.3, 9.3 billion people this is what will matter because we need a stable planet we need people not facing drought if we have people facing drought and destitution it's not that large numbers will suddenly migrate across to other places those kind of silly fears about mass migration because of people leaving areas people will have more children if their lives are made more precarious and we don't really need to get up to 11, 12 or 13 billion people this is the world with every little square of latitude and longitude drawn proportional to the population growth I think in the last 25 years and you'll see we've got population growth in the UK we've actually got population growth in London and the South-East we're up to 63 million people now UK has just under 1% of the world's adults and only half a percent of the world's children living in the UK the growth has been concentrated in India and in Africa and to a lesser extent in those parts of China which are the urban parts that's Chongqing, the world's largest city which is the largest area of China that you can see there and if we now look at population decline this is each little square of latitude and longitude drawn in proportion to the number of people who no longer live there because the population has gone down the largest area of population decline in the world is many rural parts of China all drawn here in proportion to the number of people who no longer live in those parts and again Europe and in particular Russia Russia has absolutely collapsed in terms of population in the last 25 years Eastern Europe has been collapsing you've got a small reduction down there in South Africa and you can see the declines in various parts of the UK over that period some parts decline, some parts grow the most interesting part of the world in terms of tomography at the moment is probably China simply because of what's happened and what's happened so fast so this animation is going too fast for you but it's just showing you how different the map of the working age population is in China as it moves towards the coast to where the children are many of them are being left with their grandparents remember there's a lot of grandparents there won't be a lot of grandparents in the future the children are being left with their grandparents the parents are in dormitories in the large cities making iPhones so that you can Facebook your friends from anywhere in London and it's a dramatic changing picture we have to worry about food in the world but we don't have to worry that much about food we currently produce enough food for everybody on the planet we probably produce slightly too much we're wasting according to some estimates half of the food and at least half a billion of us including me, heading up towards a billion of us are eating too much of it people worry about fertilizer they worry about can we carry on producing as much food but the brilliant thing about food unlike other items is that if you consume a lot of it it's not good for you and if you imagine that wasn't the case if you imagine that you could eat ten times more food than somebody else you could suddenly see what a problem you'd have with food here's a pattern of water insecurity at the moment which populations have the most insecure water and hence where the crops are most likely to fail and I'm going to show you where people are not so this is the inverse this is areas made large if they're a long way away from where people are and we're getting more of these areas we're actually getting a return to wilderness in many parts of the world as you get more of the population as people come into the cities more and more parts of the planet are emptying out of people if you want to see this at a very advanced stage go to Japan and go out to Tokyo and go out to the farmlands of Japan where the elderly are farming the fields and go into forests there and watch what happens to forests when nobody's looking after the forests so this is already happening here's Germany in the UK in terms of where you need to go if you want to get away from people but the good news about this if you're being optimistic about the future is as we concentrate into cities there are more and more places to go not necessarily that far away if you want to get away from it all you don't have to fly to the South Pacific to do that made a seventh in all of this is a blip there's a much much bigger story of what's happening to humanity going on than what happens with the UK government in this country it does matter, it matters how you vote it matters how our politicians behave but they're just a small part of a small continent which itself is becoming less and less significant over time it just finds it hard to accept that and in particular the UK finds it really really hard to accept that or certain people in the UK people whose parents were incredibly powerful and rich and whose grandparents were even richer and I can see why they find it hard if granny and granddad were some of the most powerful people on the planet if your great great grandparents were slave owners and known plantations as is in the case of our prime minister then what do you do? Do you say I come from a legacy which isn't particularly great or do you say it was good and we need to bring the great back into Britain and we need to start winning the global race again and I think if you look at the economic decline of the country and look at the top echelons you can begin to think how they think and why they think because accepting what's really happened is very difficult for them to do just show you a few more pictures and then I'll wrap up this is a famous image, this is the Earth at Night you'll have seen this image but over a normal map on a normal map when you see this image you think that's where people are and the dark areas are where people are not this is very different because people are everywhere here we've got rid of all the places where people don't live and it alters the meaning of the map entirely if an area is dark on this map either people to have no electricity which is a declining proportion of people on the planet all the people in that area are clever enough that they're not wasting their electricity powering lights to shine up at the sky so that a satellite can pick it up so this is now a map of light pollution rather than a map of where people are just by altering the projection about how we look at it and the brightest part now is Cairo and Anial about five years earlier the brightest part was Tokyo but Japan shut down a quarter of its electricity generation because of the tsunami and part of that meant they had to turn some of the neon lights off in Tokyo they were a bit worried that some of the elderly were going to die in Japan because they couldn't afford to run air conditioning as it was we didn't have an increase in deaths amongst the elderly in Japan people started walking up stairs rather than using the lift but you need a disaster like a tsunami to be able to see that you can actually survive with a quarter less energy here are all the countries of the world drawn by population they look very strange but most of them you wouldn't know what they look like anyway here's the centre of the world from a human point of view it's in India it's actually here Ben and I thought of buying it we could have bought a small plot very cheaply but then we realised it moves as people move it's there in India and the reason it's the centre is that when you take all the oceans out this is the map you get and if you can remember way back to the beginning and the normal map of the world which is centred with the UK at eye level in the middle because it's such an important place that's naturally where it has to be the United Kingdom is a small cold little rock on the edge of humanity it's just a different projection a different way of looking at where we are and that's the planet you live in that's where the people are and it's stabilising that'll be your future and your children's future there's even a possibility that people might start to migrate towards where it's warmer and a bit more comfortable to live even with a bit of global warming it's a bit cold in some of these latitudes but there are things we've got to worry about this is how many planets you need if you all behave like the people in these countries so we always have to go to the USA if everybody behaved like people in the USA we'd need 4 planets but for us it's 3 so we're not doing that well that's the red areas I think Japan gets down to 2 Japan's very very good but you still need 2 planets which is too many if we take the same colours but put it over the population it doesn't look so bad because it's the areas with fewer people which are behaving most badly but if you do the same thing and put it over money which is more proportional to the actual amount of pollution caused it looks worse and if you look at the size of China and the size of the USA they're similar because China and the USA are both polluting by the same amount it's just that China has many more people in it than the USA and individually those people are polluting far less each here's the world shaped by the number of aeroplanes flying over people's heads every year there are more and more people on the planet who never fly the number of people who are never flying is going up far faster than the number of people who ever get to fly and here's the world shaped by GDP and this brings me back to UK politics I'll never forget the last Labour government Gordon Brown saying how it was important to get GDP growth up to 2%, 3% a year wanting to get GDP growth up to 2% or 3% a year is wanting this map to become more and more unequal wanting to have economic growth in those areas which have the richest economies to begin with is a recipe for growing inequality what's actually happened since 2008 is the most remarkable crossover where North America and Europe and to a much lesser extent Japan have seen economic decline and in Africa from a very low base you have for the first time in 40 years growth in Asia continual growth in Latin America continual growth and you have what the economists told us would always happen naturally we're beginning to get what looks like a very slight convergence in world economies because of the collapse of a market system just half a dozen more maps and then I'll finish so please think of some questions to ask me this is what North America looks like from the point of view of people the colours are altitude so all those people living at high altitude living in Mexico City North America is a sea of cities here's South America, even more urbanised if anybody's from Australia and New Zealand this is how small you are compared to your neighbours and here's East Asia and again this animation just to show you how dramatic the changes are the difference between where the children are their parents and the grandparents are across China South Asia, mainly India, Bangladesh and Pakistan so many people living in Bangladesh although the fertility rate in Bangladesh has come right down you can see the detail in the delta because of the number of people who are living there the Middle East where we have some of the high rates of population growth at the moment because we have some of the greatest instability at the moment here's Africa and if you look carefully you can spot Lagos and large parts of Nigeria an idea where people are there's Russia shrunken down to be largely Moscow and a few outlying parts so it worries our politicians enormously what's happening in Russia but in terms of people you're looking at a country that's becoming smaller than Turkey and there's the European Union and a few bits further east just to end with politics is election just say something about it we don't know this is the most unpredictable election that has been for many years it's at least 1992 people got 1992 wrong because people lied you're too young to remember 1992 people lied to the pollsters they said they're going to vote Labour but they didn't mean it because enough people wanted to keep their taxes low but they knew they were naughty they knew they were being selfish and they told pollsters they're going to vote Labour and they didn't so the Conservatives won that last election of those long conservative years people could be lying again to pollsters now but if they're telling the truth to pollsters then this looks incredibly close this country has no constitution so there are no rules for what happens in the event of what's most likely to happen in short an old woman calls Elizabeth has to decide what to do and suddenly turns up at her house in a car and says they want to form a government the newspapers and even the BBC will tell you that there are various rules but there are no rules so it's going to be interesting to watch what happens but also how it's painted how it's portrayed how the result is said to matter or not to matter if you're trying to work out how to vote and you worry about migration and immigration it is very difficult in a way it is relatively easy if you don't look like what UKIP stands for although if you would like the United Kingdom to rapidly become a normal European country I do suspect that the fastest way in which that would happen is UKIP doing well because if UKIP did well and formed part of a coalition and the Conservatives say and immediately changed immigration rules and had a referendum and we left the EU can you think how fast people who felt not welcome in this country would leave to go to Paris or Berlin or somewhere else how many months would it take for the housing market to crash with all those people leaving the country what happens to the economy of a country when that happens I'm not advocating voting UKIP to make the UK normal but just trying to take you through the scenarios you might think that the Greens are by far the best party to vote for on these kind of issues it's always interesting to ask the Greens in detail what they really believe about immigration they tend to get a little bit worried when you do that partly because the main reason why we need to build 200 or 300,000 homes a year is because we're lucky and more people are coming to the country no politician ever linked the housing crisis to immigration the two are absolutely linked if we had no net immigration we'd have to replace houses that wore out but you wouldn't need more housing we need more housing because more people have arrived if more people don't arrive you won't need more housing a quite a lot of people in the Green party are quite worried about building the housing where people want to come to which often includes on the edges of green belts in southern cities within cycling distance in the middle of those cities there's a common argument that's made on the Greens' side of politics that if you let people into a country that pollutes more everybody coming will increase the amount of pollution that happens it would be far better if people didn't come where they polluted less it's a very short term argument because one thing that happens when people migrate across borders is that they almost always, not always but almost always revert their fertility to very near the average of the group that they join so the faster we let people move around the planet the faster the population decline will occur because when people turn up in the United States they have fewer children than they would have had if they stayed in Mexico when people get into Italy from Egypt they have fewer children in Italy than they would have had in Egypt so if you're really worried about world population and pollution you want as much migration as possible for it to happen and the other good reason for migration occurring is that those parts of the world which are aging rapidly aging will be less of an issue not everything can be done by fit elderly people if you have migration of the young but we're a side issue the big issue is India and China China is aging, India isn't and if you really want to look at where something needs to happen it's over that side of the world and really much less over here thank you very much, I think that's 50 minutes please think of questions to ask me, thank you


Hello everybody, so I have been working on the new app for the past I don't know a couple hours now I mean the past month or so, but just today I have been really doing a ton on it I am in charge of putting in the questions So that's what I'm doing and I just thought oh, you know what? I'm sure students would like to see what's happening with this app So if you haven't pre-ordered yet, you can at the dental L website So www.dentalL.com You will be able to see it on the main page. You just look something like this You just have to click and then you can pre-order because it will be launched the end of February But everybody who pre-orders will be getting it in two weeks It could be a little bit less than two weeks, but at the most it will be two weeks So just before the middle of February because it's February 2nd So I know everybody's really excited about this I'm excited about this because pretty much you can study for the exam from your cell phone from your Tablet, so it's just like any other app where you just click on the app and then it will be right there for you There will be thousands of questions. So this isn't even half of it As you can probably imagine it takes a long time to put all of these questions in because I can't just put them in I I have to type them all out once again. So that's what I'm doing per topic I'm just kind of mixing up the topics a bit. So I don't get bored So um, but yeah, so this isn't even the half of it, but you guys can see all of the different topics here I'm going to add actually a clinical topic as well and probably dental materials But this is just kind of the preliminary look of it But this is what it will look like I think I might be changing a couple things But the nice thing about this app too is that it will not only be mock exam questions So not only questions with the answers, but I will I will also be teaching all of you guys per Topic so there's no other app like that where if you wanted to listen to me instead of Doing the mock exam questions for a while You can just click and then I will be teaching you every one of these topics So if you click oral pathology, for example, you can have the option of taking the mock exam questions Or you can just listen to me teaching you guys oral pathology So what I suggest is doing the mock exam questions first and then if you go, okay That was actually pretty simple then you can move on to another topic But if you do let's say those mock exam questions, you might be saying oh that was really hard I kind of need Andrea to explain those mock exam questions to me because I don't really understand how she got those answers So I will be actually Talking about all of that. So there's no other app like that That's why it's taking longer to develop because obviously I can get somebody else to teach you it has to be me So it's just taking a little while longer But if you pre-order you will have the app as soon as I send it to everyone who pre-ordered So that will be in about two weeks time maximum If you don't pre-order then it will be ready for everybody I'm hoping the end of the month. So if you want it soon I would pre-order if you want the sale price pre-order now because it will be This isn't the final price This is just a sale price that I like to offer to everybody now But since I will be having thousands of mock exam questions plus Lectures as well the app will not only be 1999, but it will be a little bit more So if you want the whole thing at that price pre-order now So yeah, does anybody have any questions about the app? If you do let me know I am going to stop the video and start working on some more questions because as you guys can see I have a long way to go Thank you guys so much for watching and I will see you very very soon


The fifth and final psychological hack is the endowment effect. Have you guys ever wondered why Starbucks always asks for your name? Because this cup of coffee psychologically gives you a sense of belonging and people generally values things that belong to them much more. This is the endowment effect. Not only that, Starbucks baristas are trained to write their names to the best abilities which allows the consumers to feel that there's a sense of belongings and that's the reason why we would actually share these on our social media.


Hey guys, it's Nate aka The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. Bunnest League of Team in the Season, Week in League Rewards are today. It is Thursday, boys. Big day on FIFA. This is like one of those three big days on the week that we have in terms of content, in terms of stuff that is going on in FIFA Ultimate Team with rewards coming out, the premium upgrade, SBCs, and all of the, usually we get a player SBC on Thursdays as well, at least last week we did, I believe. So maybe expect another one of those today as well. But the biggest thing is, again, the premium upgrade SBC and the rewards with the red picks, with the elite packs. And then as we head into the weekend, this is just a big day on FIFA. So I want to talk about the market, talk about what happened yesterday with the guaranteed TOTS SBC for the Bunnest League and for the League of Noss. And then also talk about some Thursday flips that you guys can still look at. And also, just a lot of prices that rose today. I mean, a lot of stuff we talked about buying, we talked about buying it earlier before the guaranteed SBC, because what you saw today or on Wednesday was a lot of stuff just kind of trickled up as the day went on, just as people started to buy things, as people, you know, did their Bunnest League guaranteed pack, went out and bought some of these cards, and then also bought cards to go along and link with some of those. So actually, right now, as I'm looking at some of these Bunnest League of TOTS prices, some of these have gone down a little bit. Some of these have gone down a little bit from where they were. So what happens is this is kind of like a Friday afternoon, like when the lightning rounds are out, a lot of what happens is people open their guaranteed pack, you see a spike after all the coins come on the market. So like Levendosky this morning was 2.9. Tuesday night, actually he was he was 2.7 Monday night into Tuesday, but you see a Levendosky kind of booms here 3.1 mil. And then right now he's got an undercoat at 2.95. So there's this kind of you know, hour or two after the guaranteed SBC came out today, you saw these guys, if you didn't pack them, this is kind of with a period where people went back out and they bought them on the market. Same thing with the Werner today. This guy was like 1.3 something I think in the morning for the SBC he was under 1.4 for sure. Yeah, 1.38, 1.34 at a low point. And this is how a lot of the graphs looked on almost all out of pack specials and just meta cards in this game today, especially in the Bundesliga in Syria, honestly, they were just kind of rose steadily all day. Timo Werner 1.34 after the guaranteed SBC 1.47, I think it's where he reached a peak like 1.47. And now he's back down to 1.42 on a bit of an undercut. So you saw that with a lot of cards today. Hummels was another one. This is something that I think I'm going to try to do next week. And I've seen it happen the past two weeks, but I haven't really done anything about it is actually buying the cards the night before the SBC comes out. So like Hummels on PlayStation was 1.47. He had a low of 1.41. So he was 140k before the guaranteed SBC came out guaranteed SBC comes the dude goes like up to 1.60 almost instantly. And you know, that's a decent amount of profit per card right there for a lower budget flip. So a lot of these cards and bounce right back up one to two hours after the guaranteed SBC. So that is something I think we're going to look forward to the next two weeks of team the season. And maybe try to make some coins with that. But that's something that we did see today. And these guys are probably going to continue to rise during rewards. The only exception I would think would be some of these lower tier guys like Hakimi went up a little bit today after the guaranteed TOTS SBC. This is kind of like the Carbohal from last week. You know, especially if you're getting a Sancho or maybe if you're going to position change like a Royce to a center mid, you really need a Hakimi like this for links.  So you know, but this is a kind of card from the middle state middle tier. He's going to get packed a lot from the elite packs in the top 100 packs. So this guy might actually drop a little bit during rewards. That's what you're going to see with the lower tier team the season cards for the League of Nose and for the Bundesliga.  You might see some of those guys take a quick dip during the first two to three hours of rewards and then rebound after that initial supply.  As coins come onto the market, people don't pack those cards and get them red very often. So they have to go on by them off of the market. So that's what I would expect for those types of cards today. Now transitioning to, you know, like Thursday flips Bundesliga special cards and stuff like that. A lot of these cards continued to rise throughout the day. This is somebody that I shouted last night. I said, hey, DeCosta in the 150s is a good look for me. And my guy DeCosta is now 175,000 coins. So he's basically up like 20k. If we go back over here to Footbin, I believe I have his card pulled up. I do. I believe I have this DeCosta card. Look at his graph from today, man. Look what happened from his graph today. He was 151. He kind of, you know, fluctuated around last night was 150 basically to start the day off and then rose very nicely and very solidly throughout the day. Again, this card has already been invested in man. Last week he was 127k. Once we knew Bundesliga was coming out, this guy just started to go up and go up and go up. And that is what you have seen. He's 160, 170k right now. I would not be surprised if this card gets up to the range of Hakimi. If this guy would get closer to like 180, 190, maybe 200,000 coins because this is a German right back that if you don't need the Dortmund links, and this card is not maybe better than Hakimi is, but he's pretty close in terms of, you know, just usability and people like DeCosta and FIFA anyway. But I do think this card is going to rise even more through the weekend. Nico Schultz 133. So he's up like 10,000 coins. A lot of these other Bundesliga special cards rose today. I don't know about Kabak. Kabak actually looks like he's up a little bit too. I'm pretty sure I saw this guy in the 80s on the PlayStation. Yeah, he was definitely in the 80s. So a lot of the out-of-packs cards rose up today, which is stuff that we had talked about. I was like, Hey, after the guaranteed SBC, that's kind of a time period when a lot of people actually start and go buying cards for their weekend league teams and for stuff like that. So I think you saw other cards like the headliners today as well. Levandoski and Werner. I was kind of watching those and Babu Shapeshifter is up. Let me take a look at Levandoski actually 650. Yeah. So he's up, you know, a little bit. Anything else other than that, you know, just a lot of your Bundesliga stuff is starting to rise. And actually, as we're going to take a look at my transfer list right now, a lot of these are my Thursday flips, right? And you're seeing some Serie A players in here. Now, Serie A is not technically confirmed yet. Only by the quote unquote leakers is it confirmed. But I think it is going to be Serie A this weekend based on what people have said. And if you want to get a head start on that stuff tonight before awards when this video goes live, you can still take a peek around the market and look for some Serie A special cards that, you know, whether they're going to get a team in the season or whether they're not going to get a team in the season. There's still a lot of Serie A specials that if you look back to last week, if you look at some of the Bundesliga graphs that we were just looking at, like the Niko Schultz, right? Back to the Niko Schultz graph. This guy last week, when Bundesliga was announced, was 68,000 coins. He has over doubled his price because of the lack of left backs in the Bundesliga, the links and just the solid card that this is. 60K on both consoles, up over 120K on the PlayStation. And he's won 25 on the Xbox now as well. So same thing with D'Costa. He was 120. Now he's up to 170 and 140, 150 on the Xbox. So you're going to see a lot of that stuff start to form. So if there are Serie A cards that you're interested in, I'll give you guys one hint right here. This Tonali card, regardless of whatever center mids get into team this season, this guy is going to see a resurgence in price this week because he's a rare out of pack special card. And that is absolutely team of the season statistics. I mean, that's a club 80 card with 90 physical, 92 acceleration. I have not used this guy. I don't know how great he is in game, but he looks fantastic. And especially this week with Serie A coming, or supposedly coming, that looks like a really solid card there. And just maybe scroll through at least start to get yourself familiar with some of these Serie A specials. If you haven't bought any of them yet, which is fine, you don't have to. But I started to see this stuff today, but the Bundesliga stuff just kept rising. And I was kind of like, okay, I'm going to start to look at Serie A stuff because that stuff really isn't that inflated yet. So I would just say start to peak around with some of those Serie A specials if you have some coins, and you're fine holding a week for a lot of the Serie A stuff, we're probably going to be holding these cards for a week. Like you see, I've got an Angolan, I've got a Mertens, I've got an Allen, I've got some Juan Jesus. So I put about, you know, I put about half my money into Serie A stuff and about half my money into Bundesliga stuff, as well as some other Tatsuyonshu, like just dropped like 10K today. So I was like, all right, let me, let me grab some of those. So yeah, just kind of keep an eye on some of the stuff, especially if it's like a good, good nation. There's going to be a lot of good links. I've looked at some Serie A team in season predictions. And the cards that I feel like I've gotten here are pretty solid ones. But there's a lot of other special cards from the Serie A as well, that could be pretty good. So that's just something to look at. And then also another thing you could do last minute before rewards. Look at Icons, man. I think this is flying under the radar. This is really news to me. I started going back and looking at some icon graphs and realizing these guys are moving every single week, the out-of-packs, middle and baby icons move the most consistently, like this Seedorf. I bought three or four of them now. This guy was 350,000 coins last week during rewards. And right now he is 290, 290,000 coins for this guy. And I've already got three of them. I'm honestly tempted. You know what? I'm just going to go snag that one. I'm going to buy a fourth because even if this guy only goes to 330 this week, I'm still chilling with like 25k profit, 22k profit on that kind of card. So a lot of the middle and the baby icons, even some of the primes and prime moments, are fluctuating a lot every week. And it's just because not a lot of people are thinking about them, but people are starting to need some of those icons to link their teams together, especially this week with maybe some extra German links. Baleck and Mateus are a couple cards that I've been looking at. I got a Baleck over here on bid for 194. I think I probably get a sale on that for like 220 and 230 after rewards. So don't just rule out the icons because they seem maybe a little bit less hype.  If you go and look at some of their graphs, they're fluctuating a lot on the weekends. So that's something that I would look at as well. If you've got a decent amount of coins and you're looking for something to get your coins into right before rewards actually come out, which is probably in a few hours from now. The last thing I want to talk about is also selling some of these cards that we invested in. I bought a couple of Mertens. If you're buying Serial stuff, you're going to want to wait until next week to sell a lot of that stuff off. Yes, you technically could sell this weekend and it will rise after rewards today because people are going to start buying this stuff up because Serial Tots is this weekend, unless it is confirmed otherwise, but you're probably going to want to sell your Bundesliga stuff. This guy is supposedly 140k right now. I mean, that's a really nice profit already. You're going to want to sell your Bundesliga stuff, I think Thursday evening into Friday morning before Serial comes out. I think that's going to be the sell time on a lot of the Bundesliga special stuff unless it's a really, really meta card that you maybe want to sell Friday night after lighting rounds, but I think most of this stuff is going to have its hype. To be honest with you, it's going to have its hype after rewards tomorrow and people go out and they buy their teams and that way you can just kind of get the quick flip in and out and then boom, you've got your coins ready or Friday with a new team in the season coming out. So that's what I would say the sell time for Bundesliga and like your normal meta weekend league flips would be. If it's an out of packs like a Premier League card, like I bought the Tots Slayonshu, right? Slayonshu tonight was like 110,000 coins. He was like 120 all day today so I don't understand why he is down right now, but it's for some reason he's down. He's still down 110 right there. Like this guy was 130 last week, I believe. So if I could get this guy to rise like 125 to 130 this week, especially with the ones I got with Shadows around 110K, which I think is very, very doable, then you know, you're looking at some decent profit, but for this kind of stuff that has nothing to do with either of the team of the seasons that are coming out, I think I might wait on these until Friday night and then you'll see the actual peak on them. And then you can sell those then. So I would say either Thursday night or Friday night for it, for most of your investments. If you're doing the icons, the out of packs icons, if you find a couple of deals on these, I would wait until Friday night on these just to allow more people to buy them. They're not getting supplied anymore on the market either. And then maybe you start to look at some of those Italian icons as well, like Canavaro is one who I've gotten, you know, kind of thinking ahead. Hey, you know, there might be some more Italian links that are needed this week for Serie A team of the season, if that is coming on Friday, which it is supposedly coming. So that's one thing to think about with the rewards market today on FIFA. So now I've got like 1.4 million coins, probably what you're going to see me do when I roll up to the stream tomorrow night or tonight actually Thursday night for the stream, what you're going to see is myself hopefully with a lot of packs built up because what I'm going to start doing tonight is going unassigned on rares so that I can buy up cards to do upgrade packs with because I did not really hit the I didn't really hit the upgrades earlier in the week with the like the regular Bundesliga ones. I didn't hit those that hard just because they were a little bit too expensive for me. So these upgrades that are here, I the Bundesliga upgrades, I've spent about a million 1.2 mil on these, not a huge fan of them. I only got 14 this season from like 40 ish 50 of these picks basically. So I'm going to hit the premium SBC pretty hard the day on Thursday and see what we can hit from those and try to get this tats count up and pack some more tats cards and get some more blues. So that's what I'm going to do with like the rest of my million coins. I might not spend it all. We'll see what happens. I might spend like seven and or k put me around 2 million 2.5 maybe in total on Bundesliga tats and we'll go from there boys. But that's how I expect the market to happen today, man. I would expect for the market to rise most of the day after rewards. Again, a lot of supply, a lot of coins coming onto the market where people can go out and buy and build teams. And yeah, there's still some flips and some deals to be made out there. But especially if you're looking for some Bundesliga cards, this is seriously the last call. And honestly, if you bought some of these cards and you're just looking to flip them, I would probably sell most of these guys tonight after rewards as well. A lot of the cards for the team of the seasons, except for a rare select few have been peaking on Thursday night, Friday morning. If you look at a lot of these guys, they've gone up a little bit since they went out of packs. But think about Varan, man. Varan was like, especially in the weekend league sell off this last week. Ramos, when he was in packs, went to 917 on the weekend, Thursday, 985. And then after the weekend, 880. And he's back up to 929. Maybe he goes back up to 960, 970 this weekend. But for most of your TOTS cards for the Bundesliga, if you're looking to get into some of those, I think I would look at these and try to sell these as long as you're not using them for the weekend. I would sell them maybe Thursday or Friday night. And if you're going to use them in the weekend league, try to get them out Saturday, because they definitely will be crashing down with a new team in the season set coming in on Friday with the Serie A TOTS. Same thing with League of Noss. If you want to buy any League of Noss cards, I would expect a guy like Telez to be pretty rare tonight at rewards. You know, he's 489, so he's already bumped up a lot. But if you see this guy start popping up, he's one of the best left backs in the game. I think he was in the middle 400s today. Yeah, 450. 430 at one point, a boomed up to 500K, which is where he kind of is chilling now, at least on the PlayStation. So I would expect some movement around the League of Noss TOTS as well. I think Corona, Telez, Rafa and Gabrielle and Tarot are kind of the most hyped, maybe Pizzy as well. But those are going to be in reds today as well.  So you could do worse because you know, these guys may not be usable, but you're at least going to get some higher rated fodder if you don't get a Bundesliga as like your best pick. So some decent League of Noss cards, not terrible, just decent. It is what it is. And then again, just a rising market today from rewards. Good luck with your week and league rewards. I don't have any this week because I totally forgot to play for champions, totally forgot to redeem. But we go again this week. And maybe we get ourselves a red Ronaldo next week, we shall see. But that's a video for today, boys, a little rewards market talk. If you enjoyed it, smash the thumbs up on it, comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe to the channel if you're new. It's been Nate, The Foot Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace out.


What if that's what your testicles send us? People will hear you coming. Oh, here comes Bill. Contented. Josh!  On Instagram. Bring young Skywalker to me. That doesn't work with that glass. Oh, sure. Sorry. Can't take you anywhere. This is old bunk, in case you guys are wondering. I'm saying that because I also have Jameson back here. Yes. But this one is old bunk. Why did you do that? Just so that there was liquid in there and it wasn't an empty thing? Why didn't you buy another old bunk? $35. I didn't want to spend $100. I understand. I understand. By the way, guys, I'm really sorry about... I'm sorry about Matt Ryan. I don't want to talk about it anymore. Today, we got some stand-up. It says by... It's been a while since we got to do that. Akesh Mehta. Akesh Mehta. It's called Susu. That's what the set is called. What's that mean? P? So if you have to go Susu, you have to go P? Okay, awesome. So it's called P. Great title for your set. I wouldn't have known that if you weren't here. Now I know what's up my expectations for what the set's about. So if we're driving and we've got to get home, I've got to go Susu? Do you say that? Do you say I've got to go Susu? A little kid say it. Mommy, I have to go Susu. Oh, so it's a little dirty. It's crass. It's crass. Gotta take a piss. Hey, Frank, you want to go take a Susu with me? Come on, me and the buddies, we're going to go Susu. We're going to go Susu. What? We're going to go take a Susu with me. Here we go. Five, six, five, six, seven. I'm very good. I come to the corner and then I get away. This is the problem of my life. See, the reason why I gathered you here today is to get out of the train from Kakori. Okay? Sorry. Sorry. Sorry. I should be honest. For me, it's like comedy is honesty. I just want to be honest with you guys. That's all I'm trying to do. I have to confess. I have to come out and say it. I'll be honest, guys. I sit and Susu. No, I'm done. I sit and say sorry. It's been three years. Sorry. What do you do? What is your name? Meer. Meer, sit and do it. No one will see. You do it. Don't worry. You'll get some money in the morning. Don't worry, Meer. I'll distract them. It's very political for me. Susu has a male-dominated field. What's the advantage of a male-dominated field? It's a projectile.  It's such a gorgeous thing. It's like... I'm standing there. How? How can anyone understand that I'm doing this? You're doing this. You have so much power. You have a fire on someone's house. You can save it. You have so much power. You're going to Bakri. Don't think too much. You think you can save it at night. You think you can save it at night. But that's the thing. With great power comes great. It's huge. That's the thing. But there's no hardware for aiming. Someone has a crosshair on the ground. Someone has a 4x zoom. No one knows. That's why if you ever see a male urinal... Have you ever seen a male urinal? It's okay. It's... I'm not putting pressure on you. It's so huge. But it's even thinner than this. You realize it's because... Architects are also saying... You just hit it in such a general way. It's not true. But then you see a male urinal on the ground. How is it possible? Some boys have to put games. Such a small goal post. It's so difficult. You don't have any idea. But in the morning... Half the time you have a boner. Boners are hard. They don't compromise. They can't abandon the way it gets. They just run away. Even a small man can't even listen to the elephant. I mean it's easier if you're Muslim.  You can do physics. You can't do army physics. You can't put your hand on the pipe. You can't do it in the future. You can't do it in the morning. I don't want to do it in the morning. But you can do it in the morning.  Sometimes while we're just walking around. It's like an extra projection. There is no such thing outside when you're drinking. When you're wearing pants and shirt. When you open the zipper that thing does like this. He's doing it. Enjoy!  Nobody intends that we don't have to do anything bad. But it happens.  You guys have no idea. Why did you clean my toilet so early? Then I realized that I should have put some water in it. Jetspray is flying on me. What kind of dirty toilet is this? I didn't get a parking lot. I cleaned the toilet with a toothbrush. My friends are also saying that I should wash my face. There is no solution. That's my problem. There is no solution. Boys learn fluid dynamics from a very young age. There is no need for engineering. We know that the arc is changing. So the pressure is changing. We are counting for wind disturbance, resistance, gravity. I have understood everything. Of course, the problem won't be solved by sitting.  I'll tell you what. Women know what I mean when I say that. It's a lot of money. Plus, it's someone else's phone. Women have this beautiful thing. Women know what I mean. Women don't pee on unknown centres. Do you know what I mean? Yeah, because UTI, right? Do you know what a UTI is? No, it's okay. It's a unit trust of India. Okay? Girls go to the bathroom or do financial planning? How do they go? It's urinary tract infection. I'm assuming none of you know. So you all will say it together. Say it. It's okay, Mir. Say it. Urinary tract infection. That's great. Don't say urine infection. It's not in your mouth. It's in your mouth.   Okay? It's in your mouth. It's not in your mouth. It's a car. It's a highway.  But women have a beautiful solution. They will do this thing where they will get to the toilet seat and then they will... They will... Yeah, I've done my research. They will... Not squatting is an understatement, madam. Women do this. Leave a inch gap.  What's this?  Women are talking nonsense. Like, how is this... I'm having a Jhanga Vibrate here. You are watching. It's not happening to me. What a brilliant thing to do. But I can't do that. I can't do that. As a guy, you can't have a... Because as a helicopter, you are quite tongue-tied. With guys... The problem with it is... With guys, the problem is different. Because what's... We like to measure width. We are not very big fans of length. We are not very big fans of length. We are not very big fans of length. We are not very big fans of length. When you sit like this, sometimes you are sitting on an unknown thunders. And then... I know. Some of you aren't laughing because you are going into flashback. But look at everyone's mind. My number is so long. It's on-a-word. It is. I have to fold it in between my legs and then tuck it in. I take a shower after getting down. It's not easy. My biggest problem is hygiene. Huh? How do you clean your hands? How do you clean? Ladies, sometimes stop giving blowjobs.   Where do you clean your dick? If you are being a... You better start doing that. You better go anywhere. It's so awkward. I think he is saying right now. If I see a chair after I get down. Okay, that's what happens. I have a wire. I don't have a cone. I don't even have a sensor. I didn't even get a small one. I can't bank into the clarification. The new ones need you to do this.  Suga Rae. Has it happened to you? Very, very funny. Extremely hilarious. When someone does an 8 minute set and you don't want it to end. Yeah. That tells you all you need to know. Yeah, that was great. That was great. Very, very funny. So good. And as always, what makes it so funny is he's talking about the stuff that everybody knows is true but you don't talk about. You know? Yep. It's so funny. Also, talks incredibly fast. So shout out to our subbers. Oh, yes. Oh, no, no. This was on our subbers. It looks like he was subbed it himself. Okay, he subbed it himself. Well, thank you for doing that because, man, the speed at what he... Yeah, he goes talking. This is on his site. Got it, got it, got it. He or his team subbed it for us. Thank you for doing that. Yeah, that was funny. Because that was very, very funny. It seemed like Andrani who's in the back of the room could listen and she was laughing as well. No, yeah, she was laughing. She was shocked. She didn't even need to read the subtitles. No, it's amazing. I've asked her what that's like to think and speak in three different languages like that. I only speak and think in American. And it shows. Anyway, it's very hilarious. Let us know more from him and other stand-up artists that we can react to. Please. And upload it down in the comments below. Thank you.


Yeah, I mean so in the beginning of the game like I was gonna tell you in that game like they were doing a lot of fouling like just being really physical on your back most of the game and They want us to give in so bad to it and feed it, but I think like we held our own and Handled things the best way it's possible like not feeding in as many fouls they had and Ended up getting red cards or anything like that Good touch from Medtart now slid forward Boring Boring Back to Medtart Medtart plays it ahead. Here's a chance Tark Lee and gets it out just wide When you a DR played him a ball and I remember it was DR Adele one of them played him a ball slipped him in behind and He tried to poke it through but it just I mean I'm just unlucky I was very close to the post very close to going in there was some unlucky opportunity, but I feel like we had a Lot of unlucky opportunities in that game grind it through Kick about 40 yards out Guerrero That'll be deflected towards the corner and that's Gavin Ford's second yellow of the night Wow Second yellow of the contest Of course means he's done and that's a huge moment in this game Mustangs now with a massive advantage. There's so much there because now There'll be a man up but on top of that think of that who that man is that's Gavin Ford That's our player to watch come in tonight. That's the reigning Atlantic East rookie of the year ball kept in Battle for it continues Stevenson not able to corral it and that will be sent on but easily caught by Stella Tano. Is that a foul in the box? Oh My what a call Six a year ago were the nights on the pks Trejo steps into it and I want to say from Stella Tano What business is picked up here in the second half Corner kicks and did it now it turns into a goal All that momentum for Stevenson and Stella Tano couldn't pick it out of the air Hopefully that was like That's which like I like you know like this is this is what it's gonna be. So you read the figure something out and We did you know right in front of the box chance Jase J Smith throwing play like practice a lot like You know someone trying to find the flick on or anything like that, you know Honestly like when it came that fall I was on the back post I was just really clean up just put the ball in the back of the night when it bounced through it was like It's really you know, I mean the balls really in that wasn't something I was expecting but I did you know what I mean? Like I thought someone else would have got ahead of me first or we got cleared out because not ever bounced the box like that When they came to me, I only had one opportunity one one choice really to put the ball in the back of the net So taking the overtime like that we just like I feel like that was just the point we knew like they let us do that like Like there was no way we could we could not win that game Pre-kick coming to be taken by Walker As we go back to that extra time game a year ago against Arcadia Yes, here's a chance for Smith Smith with a goal and a position.  Do it again Jay Smith The equalizer in the closing seconds of regulation the winner Four minutes into extra time Mustangs got out a two-one season opening victory tonight Great ball through Smith just let's it rip Walker came well out to try to defend Like I caught the defender slipping Perfect coming off my foot soon as I hit you know, I mean it hit the back of post there's like the back of the goal I heard I felt it. It was just it was perfect And this is Jay Smith here from the Stevenson men's soccer team Actually, I let everyone know to stay healthy stay safe take the necessary precautions to keep everyone around you