Good evening as friends, welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar A.S. Academy for the date 8th of July 2023. Displayed here are the list of news articles that we will be going through today. Now, without wasting time, let's start the discussion. Look at this article. According to this article, 3 lakh patients are waiting for organ transplantation in our country. Look at this chart. This chart shows that the number of donors has increased over the years. But the increase in number of donors has not kept pace with the demand. That is, the demand for organs in India is more than the supply of donors. So, there is a need to improve cadaver donation rate. And for that, greater awareness should be created among the ICU doctors and families regarding how one donor can save many lives. This is about the article given here. In this context, let us go through some of the important points mentioned in the article. First, we shall see about the data given in the article. According to the Health Ministry data, as of now, over 3 lakh patients were on the waiting list and at least 20% are dying every day waiting for an organ. The country's organ demand is so high that one person is added to the waiting list every 10 minutes. On the other hand, the number of donors that is including the cadavers grew from 6,916 in 2014 to only 16,041 in 2022. This number is very low because India currently needs 65 donations per million population. But the sad fact is that for the past 10 years, India's deceased organ donation rate has been below 1 donor per million population. The country also shows poor record in cadaver donation. Here, cadaver donation also called as non-living or deceased donors are those who donate their organs or tissues after they have died. Many families lack suitable living donors, so the demand for deceased donors is very high. Remember, one cadaver can save up to eight lives and one tissue donor that is someone who can donate bones, tendons, cartilage, connective tissue, skins, carnea etc can save as many as 75 lives. Since people lack this awareness, the gap between the demand and supply is still widening. This is the current reality despite the changes brought by the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in the National Organ Transplantation Guidelines. Now we shall see the new changes brought to the guidelines by the government to boost organ donation. Before getting into that, remember, in India, Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994 provides various regulations for the removal of human organs and its storage. It also regulates the transplantation of human organs for therapeutic purposes and for the prevention of commercial dealings in human organs. Under this act comes the National Organ Transplantation Guidelines. Now we will see the changes brought to the guidelines. See, earlier under the National Organ and Tissue Transplantation Guidelines, an end-stage organ failure patient that is Unabow 65 years of age was prohibited from registering to receive the organ. But the recent changes amended this. This is because our people's life expectancy has been increasing. To address this, this upper limit of 65 years of age has been removed by the new changes to the guidelines. The second change is that the domicile requirement has been removed because currently India is going to follow the One Nation One Policy move. So as a result of this change, a needy patient can register to receive an organ in any state of his or her choice and will also be able to get the surgery then there also. This is the second change. The third change is that the registration fees that the states charge for registering in the waiting list has been done away with. The center has asked the states that used to charge for such registration to not to do so. Among the states that sought money for registration were Gujarat, Telangana, Maharashtra and Kerala. Certain states asked for anything between 5000 and 10000 to register. The new change has done away with this registration process. The fourth change is regarding passive euthanasia. See, before the recent changes, the rules regarding passive euthanasia were complex and time consuming. But the recent changes eased the rules for passive euthanasia. Also, the new changes facilitate organ transport across the country. And finally, the new change also provides provisions for casual leave for employed organ donors to promote organ donation. These are the some of the changes brought to the National Organ Transplantation Guidelines. Okay, despite all these changes, there is only minimal improvement in the progress. Public sector health care must take steps to improve the situation. See in our country, there are about 600 medical colleges and over 20 Ames hospitals. Even if we get one donation from each of them, every year we will be in a better shape. So, the need of the hover is that government must train the trauma and ICU doctors to help convince the patient's family to come forward and donate their cadaver. Okay, that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw the overall picture of organ donation scenario in our country. Then we saw the changes brought to the National Organ Transplantation Guidelines. And we also saw the steps that can be taken to address the gap between the demand and the supply. So, with this, let us conclude this discussion. Now, let us move on to the next news article. Take a look at this article from Sunday's newspaper. Recently, on 31st July, the Rohini Commission submitted its report to the President of India. Earlier in 2017, a four-member commission headed by Justice G. Rohini was constituted by the President of India. The main task before the commission was to examine the sub-categorization of OPCs. Initially, the commission was provided with 12 weeks of time to submit its report. However, due to various hindrances, the commission was not able to submit its report within the specified time. So, the commission has received nearly 14 extensions and finally, it has submitted its report on 31st July 2023. This is about the news. In our discussion today, we will first understand why the commission was set up and then we will understand the key findings of the Rohini Commission. As we all know, the center is currently providing 27% reservation for the other backward classes in the central governmental educational institutions under the central government jobs. This is a Nagadan Sutta Mandel commission report. Nearly 2,600 communities were included in the central list of OPCs. The 27% reservation was meant to provide benefits to all those 2,600 backward communities. But over the years, what happened is that since the reservation came into force, there was a perception that only few communities under the central list of OPCs have received the benefits of reservation. Because of this reason only, the center has set up the Rohini Commission. The main aim of the commission is to ensure a rational division of reservations within the OPC community. In other words, the center has set up the Rohini Commission to examine the subcategorization of OPCs in order to provide reservation benefits to underrepresented OPC communities. See, the Rohini Commission was interested with 3 main tasks. The first task is to examine and get an overall picture of how the reservation is unequally distributed among the OPC community. The second task was to create norms for subcategorization within the central list of OPCs. And the final task was to identify respective communities in the central list of OPCs and classify them into respective subcategories. These are the 3 main tasks that were interested to the Rohini Commission. Based on these 3 tasks, the commission has conducted various studies and recently as we saw earlier, the committee has submitted its report. Note one thing here, the final report of the Rohini Commission is not yet made public. As of now, the report is in the president's office. Once it gets stable in the parliament, then only we will come to know about the detailed insights about the report. But you have to know that from time to time, the Rohini Commission has released some valuable data about OPC reservation. Probably, these data might find a place in the final report also. So, we will now see such data alone. And once the final report is made into public, we will understand the report in detail. Now, let us see the findings of the Rohini Commission. As we saw earlier, the Rohini Commission was set up in 2017. Subsequently, in 2018, the commission analyzed the data of 1.3 lakh central government jobs under the OPC quota. Apart from this, the commission also analyzed the admission to central government institutions like IITs, IAMs, AIMs and other universities. From the analysis, the committee observed that 97% of the jobs and admissions at the central level have gone to just 25% of the subclasses under OPC. The committee also highlighted that around 25% of the jobs and admissions had gone only to just 10 OPC communities. This is the first major finding. Secondly, the Rohini Commission highlighted that as many as 983 OPC communities have zero representation in the central government jobs and educational institutions. The committee also observed that 994 subcasts under the central list of OPCs have representation of only 2.68% in admissions and recruitment. This is all about the findings released by the Rohini Commission. Overall, the Rohini Commission highlighted that a small number of caste groups among the OPC group were dominating the reservation and other government benefits. So, we have to wait for the final report and the subsequent actions that the government is going to take on the subcategorization of OPCs. That is all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw why the Rohini Commission was constituted and we also saw two important findings of the Rohini Commission. With this, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. Take a look at this article. This article is about India's mining policy and the impacts of private players in mining industry. As we all know, the parliament recently passed the Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation Amendment Bill 2023. The aim of this bill is to attract private investment in exploration of critical minerals. In this discussion, we shall see how the mining policy of India is encouraging private players and the importance of private sector in mining critical minerals. Before getting into the discussion, I have highlighted the syllabus regarding this discussion. You can go through it. First, let us start the discussion by seeing some important points about Mines and Minerals Amendment Bill 2023. See, the bill designates six minerals as critical and strategic minerals. Before the amendment, the exploration and mining of these minerals were restricted to government-owned entities. The Mines and Minerals Amendment Bill 2023 allowed for exploration and mining of these minerals to private sector along with the government entities. Now, what is the reason for this amendment? See, India highly depends on import for these critical minerals for its economic development and national security. Minerals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, verilium and tantalum are 100% imported from other countries like China, Russia and Australia. Additionally, minerals like gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead and others are also imported in significant quantities due to lack of domestic exploration and production capacity. India is also dependent on imports for 30 critical minerals identified by the Ministry of Mines. So, the government has amended the law to include private players in order to boost domestic mining of these critical minerals. This is the main reason for government enacting this amendment. Now, we will see why we need private investment in the mining sector. See, India has a lot of critical mineral resources that are not yet explored. See, exploring these minerals is a risky and expensive business. But the private sector can help accelerate the exploration process by taking on the risk and the cost of exploration. In addition to this, minerals like gold, silver, copper, zinc, platinum, diamond are difficult to explore and mine as compared to other minerals. So, private sector involvement is vital for critical mineral exploration as private sector has the expertise and the financial resources. So, allowing private investment and private players in the mining business will boost the production of these critical minerals in our country. This is why the private investment is encouraged in the mining and exploration business. With this information, now let us see the steps taken by the government to encourage private players in mining sector. Firstly, through this amendment, the government opened up the exploration and mining of six atomic minerals to the private sector. Here, lithium, beryllium, neobium, titanium, tantalum and zirconium are the six atomic minerals. Also, the amendment bill allows for private investment in mining of many critical minerals. This is the first step. Secondly, the amendment bill proposes a new type of license called an exploration license. This license will be granted by the state government to private companies for a period of five years. Here, you have to note that private companies have to acquire this exploration license through an auction. This license will be issued for 29 minerals including critical, strategic and deep-seated minerals. The private companies after acquiring the exploration license will start exploring for the minerals. Once the minerals found, that site will be auctioned off for mining by the government. This is the second step taken by the government. Thirdly, the amendment allows for pitting, trenching, drilling and subsurface evacuation by the private players. See, these activities were previously prohibited for the private players under the original bill. Lastly, under the amendment, a single exploration license allows for activities up to an area of 1000 square kilometers. Under the original act, the prospecting license allows activities in an area up to 5000 square kilometers. See, these are the steps taken by the government to give a boost to private participation in exploration and mining of critical minerals in India. See, although this bill has many advantages to it, the bill has some issues also. Let us see the issues with the recent amendment bill. Firstly, the private companies that take exploration license will get a premium from the mining company. But this premium is given to the private player only after a successfully discovered mine is auctioned and operationalized. This process will take a long time. So, the private companies may be discouraged to explore minerals because of this delayed process. Now, why this delay is taking place? The main reason for this delay is redtapism and bureaucratic hurdles. See, in India, before mining process could take place, the miners should take a number of clearance from the government. This clearance will take a lot of time and this will delay the mining process. As I already said, once the mining process starts only, the private players that did the exploration will get their premium back. So, to address this, the government should reduce the redtapism so that the mining process can start early and the private players who do the exploration business will also get their premium early. This will encourage them to invest in exploration services. So, that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw the changes brought by the mines and minerals amendment bill 2023. Then we saw why private investment is needed in the mining sector. After that, we saw the steps taken by the government to increase private investment and private participation. Finally, we saw one issue with the bill. So, that's all regarding this discussion. Now, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. Take a look at this article. The news is that yesterday, the Lok Sabha passed the National Research Foundation Bill 2023. This particular bill proposes to establish a new body called the National Research Foundation. This new body will facilitate research in strategic areas ranging from science to humanities. This is all about the news. So, in our discussion today, we will see some important points about the National Research Foundation Bill 2023. The bill provides for the establishment of a National Research Foundation. See, in India currently, the research activities have been overlooked by the Science and Engineering Research Board. Also, bulk of the research activities in India are only focusing on science and engineering. The rest of the fields like, say, arts and humanities are often left out. Apart from this, only premier central government institutions like the IITs, IAMs and the NITs have been receiving a bulk of the fund from the central government for research purposes. Many of the state universities are lagging behind in research due to insufficient funds. So, to overcome these problems only, the central government enacted the new bill named the National Research Foundation Bill. The NRF Bill aims to repel the Science and Engineering Research Board Act 2008. And it also aims to dissolve the Science and Engineering Research Board set up under the SERB Act. The ultimate objective of this bill is to establish a single central coordinating agency called the National Research Foundation. This new body will facilitate research in strategic areas ranging from science to humanities. The focus would be given to state universities that are lagging behind in research. The NRF will bring together researchers, government bodies and industry to promote research and development in the country. Now, moving forward, let us see the functions of the NRF. The NRF will provide direction for research, innovation and entrepreneurship in various fields. The fields include natural sciences like mathematics, engineering and technology, environment and earth sciences, health and agriculture, finally scientific and technology interface for humanities and social sciences. In all these fields, the NRF will provide strategic direction. Apart from providing strategic direction on research, the NRF would also perform various other key functions. Now, let us see the functions performed by the NRF. Firstly, it prepares short-term, medium-term and long-term roadmaps and formulate programs for research and development in our country. Secondly, it will facilitate and finance the growth of R&D and related infrastructure in universities, colleges and research institutions. Thirdly, it provides grant for research purposes, that is, it will fund research purposes. Fourthly, it will support translation of research into capital-intensive technology, that is, it will commercialize the research that is done in India. Then, it encourages international collaboration. This is done to collaborate with international partners and fasten the research process in India. And finally, it encourages investment in the foundation by private and public sector entities. This is to increase the funding for NRF. See, these are the main functions that will be performed by the National Research Foundation. Now, moving forward, let us see the structure of this foundation. The NRF will have two main bodies called the Governing Board and the Executive Council. The Governing Board will be the high-level body under the NRF. The Board will provide strategic directions or it will guide the NRF and it will also monitor the implementation of the research schemes. Note that the Governing Board will be headed by the Prime Minister of India. The other members of the Board include Union Minister of Science and Technology, Union Minister of Education, then the Principal Scientific Advisor and finally the Secretaries to the Department of Science and Technology, Biotechnology and Scientific and Industrial Research. These are the members of the Governing Board. Now, coming to the Executive Council. The main work of this Executive Council is to implement the research in our country. The Executive Council will be headed by the Principal Scientific Advisor. This is all about the structure of NRF. Now finally, let us see some points about the funding mechanism for the NRF. The government said that the NRF will be operating with the budget of 50,000 crores for over five years. Of this, 28% of the funds that is 14,000 crores will be contributed by the government itself. The remaining 72% of the funds that is 36,000 crores will come from the private sector. Also, you have to know that of the 14,000 crores from the government share, 4,000 crores will be allocated from the existing budget of the Science and Engineering Research Board. This is about the funding mechanism for NRF. And that is all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, first we saw what is the need for national research foundation. Then we saw about the functions that will be performed by the NRF. After that, we saw the organizational structure of NRF and finally, we saw the funding mechanism about the NRF. Now with this, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. As we all know, recently researchers in South Korea have announced the discovery of a new superconductor called LK-99. It is in this context only this editorial article is written. The editorial here talks about superconductors in general and LK-99 in specific. So, in our discussion today, we will see the important points highlighted in the editorial. We will also see what is a superconductor and we will see its applications. Now let's start the discussion. First of all, what is a superconductor? A superconductor, as you all know, is a material that can conduct electricity with zero resistance. This means there is no energy lost when electric current flows through a superconductor. Normally, superconductivity is observed in many materials when they are cooled below a critical temperature. This critical temperature is a very low temperature, mainly around zero Kelvin, that is absolute zero. Now, why is this LK-99 an important discovery? See, the conventional superconductor, as I just said, require very low temperature or extreme pressure to work. Now, this LK-99 superconductor would work in the room temperature itself. This would lead to many developments in industry, research and diagnostic area. LK-99 here is a mixed compound of copper, lead, phosphorus and oxygen. Even before this, many superconductors that work in room temperature are found by scientists, but this LK-99 is believed to be more efficient than them. So, this is why the phenomena of superconductivity is again in use. Now, we will see the important applications of superconductors. Superconductors are used in a variety of areas like science, medicine, transportation and industries. The most important usage of superconductors is in electricity transmission. Superconducting materials can transmit electricity with minimal losses. This makes them ideal for high-capacity power transmission over long distances. For example, in India, 49% of the power produced is lost due to resistance in the wire. If all the wires in our country are lepraced with superconductors, this 49% loss in electricity will be plugged in. As I just said, superconductors are used in medical imaging and research. Superconducting magnets are an essential component in MRA scanners. These magnets help in providing strong and stable magnetic field for high-resolution medical imaging. Superconductors have significant application in transportation also. Superconducting magnets are used to create magnetic levitation train. These trains will have no friction and it will allow for high-speed transportation. Superconductors are also used in memory and storage element in computers. Other than this, they are used in particle accelerators and electric motors. Also, see here these are some of the notable applications of superconductors. UPSC might ask a question regarding the application of superconductors in our forthcoming problems examination. So, see the application mentioned here. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw what is a superconductor. Then we saw why the discovery of LK99 is important. After that, we saw the applications of superconductors. Now, with this, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. Look at this news article here. See, yesterday, the Tamil Nadu Health Minister launched an immunization campaign under the Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush 5.0. The minister said that the immunization program would be implemented in three phases across the state. Under this drive, the measles rubella vaccine will be administered to pregnant women and children below age of 5 who missed a dose or were left out by the vaccination drive. This is all about the news article. So, in our discussion, we will understand about Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush. To have a better understanding, we have to first learn about Mission Indra Dhanush. Mission Indra Dhanush was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on 25 December 2014. The main objective of the mission is to expand the immunization coverage to all children across India. Mission Indra Dhanush was aimed to cover all those children who are either unvaccinated or partially vaccinated against vaccine preventable diseases. Such vaccine preventable diseases include tuberculosis, diphtheria, petruces, tetanus, polio, hepatitis B, pneumonia, meningitis, measles, rubella, Japanese encephalitis and rotavirus diarrhea. See, for these diseases, the vaccine would be provided to all children under the mission Indra Dhanush. The mission has achieved some significant progress in the immunization of the children. In 2017, to further speed up the immunization process and to cover the left-out children, the Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush was launched by the Union Government. The mission was aimed to reach out to each and every child under two years and all pregnant women who were left uncovered under the routine immunization programs. For the launch of the Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush, state governments have been carrying out immunization programs every year. Already, four major immunization programs have been carried out in various phases. Now, the fifth major program is being carried out in the states and this is why the mission got the name Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush 5.0. Now, let us see some points about Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush. Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush will have interministerial and interdepartmental coordination for effective implementation of the immunization coverage. Apart from this, the mission converges various ground level workers like ASHA workers, Anganwadi workers and self-filled groups for better coordination and collective implementation of the immunization program. In addition to this, the Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush would be closely monitored at the district, state and central level at regular intervals. Note that the mission would be reviewed by the cabinet secretary at the national level. To recognize best practices and appreciation and award mechanism is conceived to recognize the district that achieve more than 90% immunization coverage. Apart from this, a certificate of appreciation will also be given to the civil society organization and other voluntary organization to encourage their contribution in the immunization coverage. That's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw some basic points about mission Indra Dhanush and Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush. Now, with this, we have come to the end of the news article discussion session. Now, let us take up the practice problems questions. Look at the first question. The first question is about Justice G. Rohini commission. They are asking, which among the following matters Justice G. Rohini commission is related to? From our discussion, we know that the correct answer is option C, subcategorization of other backward classes. Okay, moving on to the next question. This is a 2016 UPAC problems question. They are asking about Mission Indra Dhanush. From our discussion, we know that the correct answer here is option A, immunization of children and pregnant women. Moving on to the third question. See here, four statements are given. We have to find which among the statements is incorrect regarding superconductors. Let us take up the first statement. A magnet placed near the material will be pushed away. This statement is correct because superconductors ripple magnetic field and they push away magnet from them. This is one of the basic properties of superconductors. Moving on to the third statement. Mercury is the first discovered superconductor. This statement is correct. Mercury is the first discovered superconductor. Mercury turns superconductive at zero Kelvin. Moving on to the fourth statement. Aluminium, zinc, cadmium, mercury and lead are some of the superconducting materials. This statement is also correct. These materials also turn superconductive at low temperature and high pressure. Moving on to the second statement. The superconductor produces electric current when subjected to mechanical stress. This statement is wrong because this phenomenon is called physioelectric effect. Physioelectric effect is the ability of a mineral to produce electric current when subjected to mechanical stress. So, only statement two here is incorrect regarding superconductors. Since they are asking the incorrect statement, the correct answer here is option B. Moving on to the last question. This question is based on our NRF bill discussion. This is the quiz question for you. Interested aspirants can post the answer for this question in the comment section. The main questions based on today's discussion are displayed here. Interested aspirants can write the answers and post them in the comment section. If you like today's video, like, comment and share it with your friends. For more updates regarding UPSC preparation, subscribe to Shankar A. Sakalini's YouTube channel. Thank you for listening.


Amen. We welcome everybody to the prayer line with the anointing water today in Jesus' name. And we welcome all of you here today as we're going to receive the prayer with the anointing water. We ask that today your faith will be lifted and your eyes will be fixed on Jesus because truly nothing is impossible to the name of Jesus Christ. Amen. And as you are standing here today, let's believe that your problems are going to stay here and will be destroyed by the name of Jesus and you're walking out without them today in the name of Jesus Christ. Amen. Don't look at us. Not even at this water. Look at Jesus and the medium is going to touch you today in the name of Jesus Christ. Amen. Could you pray this prayer out loud after me? Say, Lord Jesus, open my heart to your word. Lord Jesus, open my heart to your spirit. Lord Jesus, open my heart to your faith. Amen. And church, let's just support them with prayer. Let's also stretch hands as they receive prayer. And so under your breath, you just begin to pray also that the name of Jesus will accomplish wonders in their lives in Jesus' name. Amen. Let your mercy and your favor speak for her right now in the name of Jesus Christ, in Jesus' mighty name. We pray right now that the mercy and the favor of God will speak for her right now in Jesus' mighty name. Anything that's not of Jesus that's hiding in his body right now, we commend it to be out in Jesus' name. Anything that's not of Jesus that's behind Lupus right now in the name of Jesus, we commend it to be out in Jesus' mighty name. Every spirit behind anxiety, we commend it out in Jesus' mighty name. Out in Jesus' mighty name. In the name of Jesus Christ, every form of that disease and every form of darkness hiding in his body right now in the name of Jesus, of Jesus we command it to be out in Jesus' name out in Jesus mighty name out in the name of Jesus Christ looser in Jesus name looser in Jesus mighty name every spirit of anxiety looser in the name of Jesus Christ every demonic curse of anxiety looser in Jesus mighty name looser in the name of Jesus Christ every form of darkness out in Jesus name out in Jesus mighty name out in the In the name of Jesus Christ, we command, let there be light in Jesus' name. Let there be light in Jesus' mighty name, anywhere where there is darkness. Asha, open your mouth. Open your mouth. As this anointing water is going into her mouth, open your mouth. Let the light of God go into her body right now, in the name of Jesus. And every trace of that sickness, right now, let it be flushed out in Jesus' name. Let it be flushed out in Jesus' mighty name. And every form of darkness, let it be flushed out in the name of Jesus Christ, we pray. Open your mouth. Lord, let your light come into her mind. Let your light come into her soul. And let your light come into her mind in the name of Jesus Christ. In the name of Jesus Christ. And we declare right now that the light of God expels every darkness. We declare right now that the light of God expels every trace of sickness. We declare right now that the light of God expels every urge in Jesus' mighty name.  Lord, let your mercy and your favor speak for you right now in the name of Jesus.  Lord, let your mercy and your favor speak for her right now in the name of Jesus. Anything that's not of Jesus that's hiding in his body right now, we command it to be out in Jesus' name. We ask the fire of the Holy Spirit to consume any trace of nightmares, any trace of sickness in Jesus' mighty name. Fire of the Holy Spirit to consume in Jesus' mighty name. Fire of the Holy Spirit to consume anything that's not of Jesus Christ. We speak the light of God to come into her soul. Open your mouth. We speak the light of God to come into her body. We speak the light of God to come into her mind right now in the name of Jesus Christ and expel every form of darkness in Jesus' mighty name. We command let her be light in Jesus' mighty name.  Anything that's not of God, I command it out of his life, out of his body in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. Every trace of darkness be exposed and expelled by the light of God's word in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. Fire of the Holy Ghost, fire of the Holy Ghost. Let her be light in his mind, his soul and his body in the mighty name of Jesus. Let her be light in his life in the mighty name of Jesus, every trace of darkness. I take authority over you this morning in the mighty name of Jesus. Loose him in the mighty name of Jesus Christ.  In a mighty name of Jesus Christ let thatjournal be light in his life, it is mine and his soul body in a mighty name of Jesus Christ every darkness we recommend you be exposed and expelled in a mighty name of Jesus Christ follow the ghost follow of the Holy Ghost in a mighty name of Jesus Christ all over his body let it be fire of the ghost in a mighty name of Jesus Christ let there be light in his life in a mighty name of Jesus Christ that your mercy in your favor speak for him in a mighty name of Jesus Lord let your mercy and your favor speak for right now in Jesus mighty name anything that's not of Jesus that's hiding in his body right now we command it to be flushed out in Jesus name anything that's not of Jesus any trace of darkness that's hiding in his body right now we command let there be light in Jesus name let there be light in Jesus mighty name every demon behind that sickness in Jesus mighty name we ask the fire of the Holy Ghost to consume you right now fire of the Holy Ghost to you right now in Jesus mighty name that there be light in Jesus mighty name that there be light in Jesus mighty name that there be light in Jesus mighty name we speak right now the light of God to come anywhere where there is darkness the light of God to come anywhere where there is sickness in Jesus name and expel it in Jesus mighty name in Jesus mighty name open your mouth as this anointing water is going into her mouth in Jesus mighty name that the light of God right now go into our body in Jesus name at the light of God go into our mind in Jesus mighty name in Jesus mighty name we pray in the name of Jesus Father we pray that you will concern touch people concerning on this picture in Jesus mighty name and that you will work on their behalf in the name of Jesus Christ we pray amen amen Lord let your mercy and your favor speak for him right now in Jesus mighty name I ask you that your health and that you're healing and that your protection over this little boy's life will remain in the name of Jesus Christ in Jesus mighty name amen so we can take the boy away open mouth Lord let your mercy and your favor speak for him right now in Jesus mighty name anything that's not of Jesus that's hiding in his body right now we command it to be out in Jesus mighty name anything that's not of Jesus that's hiding in his body out in Jesus mighty name every demon behind a setback out in the name of Jesus Christ every evil force that's behind that issue in the name of Jesus out in Jesus mighty name out in the name of Jesus out in the name of Jesus every trace of darkness out in Jesus mighty name you have no place in this body out in the name of Jesus Christ we command the light of God to come into the body right now let there be light in Jesus name let there be light in Jesus mighty name everywhere with that is cursed let there be light in Jesus name let there be light in Jesus mighty name in Jesus mighty name open your mouth in the name of Jesus as this anointing water is going into his body let the light of God go into his soul right now at the light of God go into his soul right now in Jesus mighty name we pray amen amen in Jesus name well let your mercy in your favor speak for her in the mighty name of Jesus Christ that your mercy in your favor speak for her in the mighty name of Jesus Christ anything that's not of God in her life in her body in her mind I commanded out in a mighty name of Jesus Christ everything in her life that's not of God every darkness that's hiding in her life in her body in her mind I commanded out in a mighty name of Jesus Christ fire all the ghosts fire all the ghosts in the mighty name of Jesus Christ every darkness every evil spirit that's behind anything in her life. I cast it out in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. Be gone in the name of Jesus Christ. Loser in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. Loser right now in the mighty name of Jesus Christ.  Behind every setback, behind every failure, behind anything that's not of God in her life. Loser in the mighty name of Jesus Christ.  I bind you in the mighty name of Jesus. Loser right now in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. Loser right now in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. In the mighty name of Jesus Christ. She's the temple of the Holy Ghost.  Five of the Holy Ghosts in the mighty name of Jesus Christ. We declare you free in the mighty name of Jesus.  We declare blessing over his life, Health and protection and prosperity for the rest of his life May he follow the way of the Lord all the days of his life in a mighty name of Jesus Christ Open your mouth.  She's a temple of the Holy Spirit you have no right to her body her life and her mind in a mighty name of Jesus Christ let her be lied in every area where there's darkness in her life, let her be lied in a mighty name of Jesus Christ.  Louster right now in a mighty name of Jesus Christ she belongs to God in a mighty name of Jesus. She's a temple of the Holy Spirit. Loose your grip over her life, over her marriage, over her finances, over her peace and her heart, in a mighty name of Jesus Christ. Let her be light in a mighty name of Jesus Christ. In a mighty name of Jesus Christ. Lord, let your mercy and your favor speak for her in a mighty name of Jesus Christ. Lord, let your mercy and your favor speak for her right now in Jesus mighty name. Anything that's not of Jesus Christ that's hiding in his body in Jesus mighty name. We command it to be broken in Jesus mighty name. Any force that's behind those addictions, any force that's behind setback and failure in the name of Jesus Christ, we command it to be broken in Jesus mighty name. Anything that any darkness that's hiding in his body right now, we command it to be out in Jesus name. Out in Jesus mighty name. Any darkness that's hiding in his body out in Jesus mighty name. You have no place in his body in Jesus mighty name. That there be light in Jesus name. That there be light in Jesus mighty name. That there be light in Jesus mighty name. We force the light of God right now into this soul to force every darkness right now in the name of Jesus. Pharaoh loose him in Jesus name. Loose him in Jesus mighty name. Open him up. As this anointing water is going into his body, let the light of God go into his soul in Jesus name and flush out anything that's not of Jesus. Every generational curse let it be broken in Jesus name. Let it be broken in the name of Jesus Christ we declare. We declare you're free in Jesus mighty name. I want us to say right now I am saved. Jesus is my Savior. I am healed. Jesus is my healer. I am delivered. Jesus is my deliverer. Say I am release from darkness. I am release from sickness in Jesus name. I am justified. I am no longer condemned. I am redeemed. My past is over. I'm a new creation. I will walk in the light of my testimony in Jesus name.


Welcome to our fifth monthly news update, you know how this goes by now It's gonna be super quick rough and unpolished, but we don't want to lose too much time in this video So I hope it's all clear So as you have seen in last month's update We went to Kenya to set up this precious plastic workspace in this old chicken shed And we had just two weeks to do it But we didn't really know what to expect of the chicken shed because we had some pictures But not all the details and we actually spent quite some time renovating that building But when we came back it felt kind of inefficient spending most of our time on that So we started rethinking a new way of setting up these workspaces What we're getting? Yo, we're doing some shopping containers today Container shopping Currently in the harbor of Rotterdam in the Netherlands where all the containers are being shipped And they have plenty of them around And it's kind of impressive knowing that they're all based on a standardized measurement So all these shipping containers are the same around the world So if you have the drawings of one you have drawings for all of them Which is kind of a good starting point if you want to set up in the universal workspace So we bought one of these containers and had it shipped to our workspace But our parking lot is a bit tight. I mean it's made for cars not for containers So the truck driver had very little space to maneuver and get it in As a start the fence was super tight He only had a few centimeters left and right to get in then he had a fence at the back Which he cannot hit then there was a car in the way and We wanted the container to be dropped exactly here like nice in a horizontal line This looks like we're so good plastic, isn't it? I'm going to often see the bottom of the container I don't know how but he managed to get that done and I was impressed So our plan is to squeeze this whole workshop inside the container so you can just put it somewhere and start recycling So we got started on that In between I went to New York for World Ocean Day currently at the United Nations headquarter and today is world ocean day And there's a big UN conference in this big-ass building with a lot of people in suits Talking about plastic the oceans problems and there is some plastic All right, let's go in This place looks like a giant Star Wars movie set This conference was all about the oceans and together with our friends from Parley We discussed what the role of plastic is in this problem and in evening We did a run for the oceans with Adidas on my fake night shoes, which actually officially died now So I'm gonna make a video about the whole process for you guys and update it soon You know what? Within a week meanwhile Jerry went to the Adidas headquarters in Germany to show the people who work there what you can do With plastic and that you can recycle it on the spot into something new I put a sticker on the Golden Gate Bridge. The founder could have a fresh plastic bowl So Kinoa Moon Gandalf sent me your address. I'll send you a ball and when we came back from Kenya We had an empty suitcase because we delivered to starter kits So we filled it up with 23 kilogram of freshly picked avocados from the tree and we officially finished them all this month So that's news I got nominated for the border session award won the creative hero award and we are finalists for the index award June is a good month for awards. So this is all the stuff. We've been doing this month But here we have our news from the community So we've seen a lot of people over the world making these top printing crap warnings I hope that's gonna help We got some pictures from our team in Kenya making balls and teaching kids And we also share the story behind this whole project the ups and downs Farah or 360 from Belgium is running precious plastic in cowlac Cowlac, I don't know. It's somewhere in Senegal in Africa and the melt collector from Canada It's making some nice jewelry items with their recycled plastic Making it really more precious. It's cool. All right. So that's all the news for June We'll see you next month. We actually have an interesting project coming up in a big store in Amsterdam So stay tuned for that. It's gonna be cool And thanks again for watching and for supporting on patreon if you do because again without you We wouldn't be able to do all of this. So thanks


A very good evening everyone. Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis brought to you by Shankara Aiz Academy. Here are the list of news articles taken up for discussion today and the video is time-stamped for your convenience. Let us move on to the first article for this day. This one is a short data intensive discussion on the effects of the pandemic on the females. This COVID-19 pandemic has been unmerciful on all sections of the society regardless, especially it has dramatically changed the lives of women and girls in the marginalized section. To establish this fact and to list out difficulties faced by the adolescent girls and young women in this pandemic, a study was conducted and this news article is all about the findings of the study only. The report of the study is titled as COVID in her voice, a girl led and centered participatory research study. It was conducted among the adolescent girls and young women from marginalized societies across seven cities namely Ahmedabad, Alwar, Bareilly, Delhi, Lucknow, Mumbai and Pune. The findings have been aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, so it will give us an idea about how far we are in achieving the targets under SDGs and the pandemic's adverse impacts on that. First, SDGs considered are SDG5 which is about gender equality and SDG10 about reduced inequalities. The study has found that the pandemic has exacerbated the existing inequalities for adolescent girls and young women. It has intensified the effects of patriarchy and gender discrimination especially in the aspects of increased unpaid care work. What is unpaid care work? Unpaid care work is like child upbringing, taking care of the elders, cooking and other household work and early marriage, exclusion, neglect and the closing up of spaces for mutual support and solidarity that is the females are not getting enough support from their family members. Worryingly about 80% of girls said that the household chores continued to be only their responsibility that is there was no participation from the men from the family. Next is SDG3 about good health and well-being. According to the study, adolescent girls and young women faced many challenges ranging from uncertainty to social isolation and parental fear and all of them affected their mental health and capacity to manage their emotions. Around 90% reported experiencing mental distress and despair including depression, lingering sadness, lack of confidence, loneliness and helplessness. So have a look at this graph and 53% reported that they could not visit a doctor when they needed to. So their access to health care was severely restricted or limited during the pandemic. Next is SDG4 which is about quality education. Around 64% of our adolescent girls and young women do not have the space or get the time to study online. There is 18% school or college dropout rate due to COVID-19. So the inclusive education that is being envisaged by the country is being missed by this pandemic. Next is SDG8 on decent work and economic growth. It was found that economic stress on families due to pandemic and lockdown has a direct impact on the future prospects of the girls. About 59% reported that their income had been affected at personal or family level. And finally it is SDG11 on sustainable cities and communities. Public places within the cities are off limits for girls also because of their threat of violence. So 49% reported decreased mobility and they faced increased barriers. About 26% also believed that there has been an increase in gender-based violence. So on a whole these are the challenges faced by the adolescent girls and young women due to pandemic. So have a look at this graph which is based on age. See the youngest chunk is based on the pink color and the orange-ish yellow is between 15 to 19 years which is the adolescent period and the 20 to 24 is the purple. Along with these findings the participants have given certain recommendations or advice on how to make the society a better place for adolescent girls and young women and it has been summarized here for your reference. So from the discussion some facts that I've discussed in the discussion is very important from the exam point of view especially from the mains point of view and the recommendations as we see is very important from the exam point of view especially mains again. With this information let's move on to the next topic. So coming to the second article for this day this editorial is about vaccine diplomacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. See this is also about pandemic but it is about a slightly different topic the vaccine diplomacy. See in this analysis we will see why India is opting for vaccine diplomacy. In addition to that we will also discuss the issues concerning the vaccine diplomacy that was adopted by India. So this is the syllabus for your reference. See the vaccine diplomacy is the use of vaccines to improve a country's diplomatic relationship and influence of other countries. During the recent pandemic the vaccine diplomacy has taken center stage in many countries foreign policy. So when it comes to India so as on April 13th India had supplied over 65 million vaccines to 90 countries. Of these more than 10 million were sent as grants almost 36 million on a commercial basis and about 19 million under the COVAX program. These are the official estimates given by the ministry of external affairs statistics. So taken together these supplies come to around a month of India's current COVID-19 vaccines production. The problem is currently India is facing vaccine shortages at many places people are not having access to vaccines and are paying very high prices to get them. So many have started to question the rationality of exporting vaccines during this difficult times. In this context let us see the official explanation given by the government of India sources justifying the vaccine exports. See according to the government the export of vaccine is done factoring in the domestic production requirements of national vaccination program and the requests for made in India vaccines which could be from abroad. So by factoring in the above variables the government is making sure that the vaccines are available for domestic consumption without any hindrance. Only the surplus vaccines are being exported according to the government sources. In addition to that the government also stated that it is supplying vaccines to Gavi's COVAX facility as an obligation since India is a member of this multilateral body and is also recipient of vaccines from this body for various other immunization programs of India. And let us see what is COVAX and Gavi to have a better understanding. See COVAX was launched in April 2020 by World Health Organization commonly called WHO the European Commission and France in response to COVID-19. So it's a very new body. See COVAX is an effort to ensure that people in all corners of the world will get access to COVID-19 vaccine. COVAX is co-led by Gavi the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation, CEPI and the World Health Organization working in partnership with developed and developing country vaccine manufacturers like India. So what is Gavi? Gavi is a global vaccine alliance bringing together public and private sectors with the shared goal of creating equal access to the new and underused vaccines for children living in the world's poorest countries. So it brings vaccine closest to the poor people around the world. Its core partners include the WHO, UNICEF, the World Bank and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. So coming back to the article, see the export of vaccines is a necessary noble during this pandemic. By doing that, India is showing the world that it can lead and aid others during the times of crisis. It shows that India is responsible global power which does not obsessively think of itself alone. Also the export will make sure that there is an equitable access to vaccines and equitable access to vaccines is critically important because no one will be safe until everyone is safe when it comes to COVID-19. Also the export of vaccines is in line with our constitutional principles and values envisaged by our leaders. In addition to that, it also strengthens the value of Vasudeva Kutumbakam. See Vasudeva Kutumbakam means the world is one family and this is an integral part of Indian value system and this is enshrined in the Indian values making India morally obligatory to supply vaccines. So this justifies the vaccine exports. Now let us look into why the vaccine export is a bad thing and why is it being severely criticized. So as we have discussed, the vaccine export was based on three factors. The domestic production, the demands of the national vaccination program that is the domestic demand and the request for vaccines manufactured in India that is the for the export. But what is not known is what is the weightage given to each of these variables in the decision-making process. This exemplifies that there is a lack of transparency in the decision-making. Also according to the government it was obligatory to send vaccines contracted under Gavi's COVAX facility. But sovereign states can always invoke the supreme national interest to override these obligations. That is a national interest can always override its obligation to export the vaccines. So when it comes to the vaccine sent as grants, they were voluntarily and the commercial contracts of the company concerned could always be disregarded under the existing Indian laws. So the justifications provided by the government are insufficient. Specific clarifications are needed to convince the people that these exports have not been made at the cost of their health. Keeping the people reassured, secure and informed during the crisis speaks the essence of the democracy. So this article, this editorial, chiefly centered around the vaccine diplomacy and why vaccine export is a good thing and why vaccine export is a bad thing and why the nation has to find a balance between both. That brings us to the end of this discussion on this article. Our next discussion will be based on this editorial article. See this news article talks about the power equations that are existing in the world order currently. Author has run the readers through the power equations that was governing the world previously and the ground power relations and the possible future trends in this regard. So in this slide, let us see some important points in the article. Here is the syllabus for your reference students. And from the exam point of view, this will help you understand the power balance in the world and thereby you will have a better understanding of the international relations. So that is how this topic is important. So let's go on to the discussion. Around the 14th and 15th century, Europe began dominating the world through its trade and commerce. And in 500 years, it managed to colonize and influence almost the entire world. However, in the post-colonial era, people began questioning the Europe's notion of Eurocentricism and the biased accounts about the East. So all these culminated in freedom struggles and this led to the struggles against the Western centric perspectives. We all know after those decolonization commenced, that is Britain started receding. So it was in Bandung Conference of 1955, a meeting of the Asian and the African states, most of which were newly independent at that time. So this conference set the schema for the rise of Asia politically and economically. However, the British dominance came to an end only with the Suez-Cranall crisis of 1956. During the crisis, the Britain and France took a backseat and the America took up the wheels. That is, Pax Britannica transitioned into Pax America. That is, peace that was once maintained by Britain is now and will be maintained by America. That is, America became the global police. And since then, America began to hold a strong position in the world order. And we know till now it continues to play a prime role in the international affairs, even though its image of universal brotherhood faced a sharp decline under Trump regime. So especially his foreign policies and all this severely criticizes. We know that. And the halo of benevolence that US carried has seen some serious reversal under his regime, particularly his foreign policy of threatening to withdraw from NATO and withdrawing from Paris Agreement on climate change was received very poorly by the global audience. It was only worsened by his racist stance and his condescending opinion on the immigrants who contributed to their nation, etc. See, at present, with the rise of ultra nationalism and ethnic purity that was seen around the Brexit times and the promotion of right-wing agenda, and the concept of liberal democracy has begun to face a serious disintegration. So apart from this threats like terrorism, ethnic conflicts and the warning of destruction owing to climate change also proves the need for a joint international action that is the unity that is required from the parties that is nations. But the self-centered stance or the exceptional stance as the author calls it. See, exceptional stance is nothing but thinking that I'm an exception where the global coordination collaboration is needed. For example, when US decided to withdraw from the Paris Agreement, see it considered itself as an exception. So this exceptionist stance has also entered America's image. With these misadventures, a present situation demands a more de-centered and a pluralistic global order where there is no one particular global policy. And this can be understood with the rise of Asia. Here, the author factors in the China. See, in the post-pandemic world, the emerging economies like ours and Brazil's and South America's etc. have been challenged very seriously. And these economies with their recovery, they will join or they are expected to join or they may join the US-led liberal world. But there is this rise of China having the potential to mount the challenge to this axis. But the China's intentions are viewed with doubts. For instance, the BRI, the Belt and Road Initiative, has been viewed with suspicion by India, Japan, and many other democracies also. So besides the China factor, the author also talks about the possibility of military conflicts, that is the Chinese infiltration and the Russian adventure in Ukraine, etc. Or all classic examples that military skirmishes are potential possibility with the economic rise of a nation. By mentioning this, the author emphasizes they need to have a global collaboration in a multi-faceted fashion. So when you take the present scenario, both India and China have the potential to lead. And this is evident in their history itself because they have been pioneers of some of the oldest civilization in the world. We know that. And remember, the future global politics demands a practical plan for rising powers who are looking for new centers of power with the decline of American ascendancy. Now, let us see the aspects that should be considered by China for spearheading Asian regionalism. So we know that China poses to be a valuable partner when it comes to challenging the best. And most importantly, when America could no longer hold the global governance all by itself. And as per the data from International Institute of Strategic Studies, the overall estimate of China's military budget was found to be about $230 billion. And this reflects China's intention for global supremacy, mainly to outrun the Pentagon or the U.S. Defense Department. See, the author sees China to have the potential to lead or co-lead in the world order. But it first has to shed the prejudice that the West has created towards the East. And besides that, China has to match up to the economic, political and military prowess of the West to project itself as a viable counterweight. And above everything, China should also act as a responsible power rising above the self-centered attitude. And the author finally concludes the article by mentioning about the dualism which persists in the world order, where no clear hegemony can be bestowed on one single nation. See, this word hegemony has been finding a repeated mention throughout this article discussion. Hegemony is nothing but dominance, okay? So and though there is a fear of multipolar world turning disordered and unstable, it is up to the rising nation should not be overzealous in expanding themselves territorially and thereby causing any disputes. Because as we saw earlier, the present challenges need mutual sharing of knowledge and more inclusive treaties, like the challenges like the climate change or terrorism, etc. That's what the author mentions here. So that brings us to the end of this discussion on this particular editorial. Look at this news article. Recently the US administration under Joey Bidden had announced that it will pull out all its troops from Afghanistan by September 11. And this article is a discussion based on that. So to understand the significance of the decision, let's first understand the Trump-Taliban deal. See, the Trump-Taliban deal is an agreement signed between the Trump administration and the Taliban. According to this deal, the US troops will pull back from Afghanistan by May 1. In return for the Taliban would not let terrorist groups such as Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State operate on Afghan soil. This deal was significant because it brought Taliban as a stakeholder in the peace talks. So it was also seen as a key effort in ending the 18-year war in Afghanistan. See, this deal was signed by Donald Trump. But when Bidden became the US president, there were doubts whether this would be honored, which was signed during Trump's presidency. But with the recent announcement, President Bidden has effectively upheld the spirit of the Trump-Taliban deal rather than defying it. And this decision by Bidden is significantly important because along with the US troops, the thousands of coalition troops under NATO's command are also expected to be pulled back along with the Americans. Now coming back to the article, such a huge withdrawal of troops will leave the democratically elected Afghan government alone on the battleground against the Taliban. See, the Afghan country is already witnessing a series of targeted killings of journalists, activists and other civil society members opposed to the Taliban. With the withdrawal of troops, these killings are expected to increase many, many times. And this will shift the balance of power decisively in favor of Taliban. And also, the US air power was a very crucial element in driving the Taliban back, especially whenever they attacked the cities. With such support, Taliban attack on important Afghan cities will increase manifolds. So what is the way forward? Because the US cannot have its presence perpetually in a foreign soil, right? So the US should continue to give its assistance remotely to the Afghan government. This will deter Taliban from carrying out attacks on innocent civilians. And from the international perspective, the role of regional players, such as India, which is a neighbor, China, Russia, will be very crucial in deciding the Afghan's future. These countries have shared interest in a stable Afghanistan. So by aiding the Afghan government in its fight against Taliban, they're ensuring the peace and stability of the region. So peaceful and stable Afghanistan will be beneficial to the entire world's peace and security. So that brings us to the end of the discussion on the Taliban Afghan topic. Now, let us take up this Ground Zero article as the last discussion for the day. This article is written based on reports on the paramilitary forces, which talks about the twin challenges faced by the Assam Rifles, which includes checking, smuggling, and preventing illegal crossing into Mizoram while overseeing the much delayed and ambitious Kaladan Multimodal Transit Project. So in this slide, let us know some facts about Assam Rifles and the Kaladan Multimodal Transit Project. See, there are seven central armed police forces, seven. And the Assam Rifles is one among them. They are fondly called as Friends of the Northeast People. The force is the highest awarded and the decorated paramilitary forces of the Republic of India. And it emerged way back in 1835 with just 750 men to primarily protect the British tea estates and their settlements against the tribal raids. And since then, it has gone on to fight in two world wars, a Sino-Indian war of 1962. And it has also been used right now for the anti-insurgency operations in the Northeast. At present, its purpose is to guard the Indo-Myanmar border and to conduct counter-insurgency operations in the Northeast region. And it is headed by an officer of the rank of Lieutenant General of the Army appointed as the Director General. Remember, the headquarters of Assam Rifles is located in Shillong and it comes under the control of Indian Ministry of Home Affairs. Now look into the Khaladan Multimodal Transit Project. Look at the map for a better understanding. See, it connects the Sitve Port in Myanmar in the India-Myanmar border. The Sitve Port is the capital of the Rakine State. See, the Rakine State which we usually come across in news due to the Rohingya issue that is located in the southwest in Myanmar. This project is expected to open up sea routes and promote economic developments in the northeastern states and also to enhance the India and Myanmar ties. The importance of this port is that at present, the only way to ship goods to the landlocked northeastern states from the rest of India is through the chicken snake in the West Bengal, which is a narrow strip of Indian territory between Bhutan and Bangladesh. See, this is the chicken snake and it is the Silguri corridor. And with the emergence of this project, the new route is expected to lower the expenses and the travel time and distance from Kolkata to Mizoram and beyond. So, this will be through Myanmar. Also, the project is not just confined to connecting Mizoram to Myanmar, but also encompasses India's expanded outreach to the prosperous southeast Asian economies and to build robust partnership through India-ASEAN trade. So, this project can be said is in line with India's lookeyest and atheist policies. So, students here, we are at the practice question discussion session. We have only two questions for discussion for today. So, let's go into the first question. So, first question, with reference to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, consider the following statement. The concept of SDGs was agreed at at the Rio Plus 20 summit. See, this statement is correct. So, let's know more about SDG. SDG is the common acronym for Sustainable Development Goals, we know. And the concept of SDGs was agreed at at the Rio Plus 20 summit in 2012. So, as mentioned in this statement, and it was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is also known as the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development. The Rio Plus 20 outcome document called for the SDGs. So, what is very unique about the SDGs is that the SDGs are global in nature, that is, they're universally acceptable to all the countries. So, we know various countries are at different levels of development and they have different national realities. So, this goals takes into account all these things and thereby these goals have a common understanding of the universal realities. So, come to the next statement. The goal five of SDG is to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. So, statement two is also correct. So, I'd advise the students to have a rough idea about what each goal is about in the SDG. So, these can be used in your mains answers also and they, you might have a possibility of getting these in the preliminary also. So, this question asks which of these statements given above are incorrect. So, we just saw that both these statements are correct. So, the correct answer will be option D. So, coming out to the next question, consider the following statements about Assam rifles. So, we discussed Assam rifles in our discussion today. So, it is one among the central armed police forces. So, this statement is correct and it is headed by an officer of the rank of lieutenant general of the army. So, we saw this statement also in our discussion and statement two is also correct. So, see this is headed by lieutenant general of the army but it comes under the ministry of home affairs. Keep this in mind. So, this is a factual question and the correct answer is option C, both one and two. So, these are the main questions for your consideration. You can write the answers and post it in the comments section.  The description box has the link to the notes, refer it for your reference and you can write the answers for the main question and post it in the comments section. As we know pandemic is showing its ugly face again. We are masks. Be conscious of social distancing. Stay indoors as much as possible. Stay safe. Stay healthy. Good day.


Main time, residents of Johannesburg have differing reactions to the news that St. Africa's last wise president, Frederick de Klerk, Schiele-Draras, said that while he could acknowledge the Klerk's contribution to the dismantling the apartheid regime, he had once let his prior actions were sinful. Meanwhile, another resident who did not wish to be named said the Klerk's name should be remembered for the work he did to eventually end apartheid. Dr. de Klerk heard that St. Africa's white minority government until 1994, when Nelson Mandela's African National Congress Party swept to par. He shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize with Mandela, but his role in the transition to democracy remains highly contested more than 20 years after the end of apartheid. He was smashed in the side of black people and means that as a human being you can't agree with that, but at the same time you have to look at the actions that he did take that changed the country. Well, I thought he tried to do a lot of good and he succeeded in helping to bring down a apartheid, which was a good thing and I think that's how he should be remembered. And he was all, but I think he also played a huge role in freedom in democracy. Honestly, I feel no remorse. I don't know, a politician died. I feel like he's dead, he absolutely has to move forward in a way, away from all the criticism, negativity, the racism. So I feel like he moved us in a way. I wish his family some healing and hopefully, you know, at some point wherever he is, he can find some peace because I mean, with a name like that coming up, we still think about what happened around the time where apartheid was heavy on South Africans and majority majorly on Black South Africans. So those memories, they don't fade away so easily. NEWS OPDATES