Alright thanks for staying with us. Now business networking refers to the practice of building and maintaining professional relationships with other individuals and organization in a business context. Now the goal of business networking is to create a network of contacts that can be leveraged for mutual benefits such as generating new business leads, exploring new career opportunities or gaining access to industry insight and expertise. Now business networking can take many forms including attending industry conferences and events, participating in online forums and social media groups, joining professional associations and connecting with colleagues and pairs through international channel. So tonight we're asking how can we leverage networks to grow our business. Now please let's hear what you have to say quickly. Remember you can join the conversation send us an SMS or WhatsApp to<PHONE_NUMBER>. So ladies quickly how do you leverage network I want to bring in our guests. How do I leverage network? I think what I do is purely based on networking so I work through a referral system and always put myself out there to meet more people that are going to be beneficial to whatever your business. Yes you know so I mean they always say your network is equal to your network and I totally believe in that so meeting people is one thing another thing I'm learning is also building the relationship so you can have a lot of people that are beneficial to you but are you able to mind those relationships to you know solve your problems. How about you NJ quickly? Well you meet so for me it's more it's personal and business so personal could be social so that's more social within my social circle and that would include the fact that I create tennis and all that so a few of those you meet a lot of people because that's where you actually meet a lot of business associates and stuff and that's where some one of the places where you can have that kind of conversation and I've learned that a lot of things are closed in less professional environment. I want to begin the Go Club now because the blessing is there that the things are happening. I don't think that's what I meant but that's what you meant no I meant what I meant. So you do that so you meet people on different levels sometimes it's like you said in the club in private parties in you know social gatherings some business gatherings some you know in between so it's always very important for you to meet people tell them about yourself what you do you know but that takes another level of internal you know delays let me bring now I guess no. Bola is a convener of Premier Business Network a community with over 600 members who are founders of successful businesses senior management experience professionals and investment or rather investors building a strong network he is the co-founder and the chief executive officer of ScholarX a social impact ed tech company that helps African youth access quality formal and informal education one of ScholarX products is a learning app called Lenam. Now Lenam is an audio visual platform that provides digital vocational and personal improvement skills content in localized languages Bola is passionate about connecting people and human capital development and this is being expressed through his work at PBN and ScholarX and we're very honored to have him live with us in studio. Thank you for joining us good evening. Good evening. Thank you for having me. So I mean I saw you nodding as we were just talking you're just nodding our head. Don't mind me we are very playful here but hey we talk serious things but in a very funny way. So I like the idea of networking but I think the problem I've always had is I think a lot of people help me out here a lot of people have abused that word networking and it's just so at some point it's so irritating to the point that literally if I go somewhere except the person that invited me introduces me to people you will not find me just talking to people directly I just walk past and quiet because like I feel like I collect business card and then what I say hello and you don't talk and then what because literally the conversations really don't progress and like what NJ said in a lot of times those conversations or those closing those deals you are about to close they actually happen in very very informal sectors maybe a friend's party or something right so why do we still have people organize events that has to do it very targeted at networking why do we have that? Thank you very much for having me yeah it's a pleasure to be here enjoying the conversation I can just sit here just watch you guys speak all day so keep both words that are used throughout the night has to do it being deliberate value exchange and the reason why I'll start with value exchange is that I believe in giving and taking first and first worrying things why in networking the ones that really work are the ones based off of relationship no matter where you meet if the priorities let me get to know this person let's build a relationship let's get cordial and then what value can we extract what can I give and what can I take from the person without being exploitative you will find that those kinds of relationships are more productive that's why you see the network like for example you say you play tennis at a quick club you're already somewhere that okay at least you got better you can afford the club there's something as a base and then maybe you meet often you get you tend to see the person see in those kinds of settings it'll be easier because whether you know it or not the relationship is being formed already and so like awesome pbn once you join in premises network once you join the network it's that okay i get part of here this network if i want to change that i can change it with you and from there what do you do i what do you do what do you do and you start talking ah oh i have this farmer but i don't really have funding to be able to oh funding i i know this guy i got funding he's even in the group and then before you know it folks people have started doing business together and the next thing oh what are you three next week my daughter is having her birthday you want to come over so i found that relationship um networking that is built on relationships whether it's new or pre-existent relationships work better um so i get your point because there's a lot of you gotta hold this i don't even one i don't have business cards and then when i go to events i never write i just listen whatever i can capture at that moment is more valuable to me and if i meet people i say hey how are you doing what do you do we can strike off something but it's never me trying to scheme to see what this person does and what can i get from them in fact best practice for me is always lead with what you can do or what you can offer first and then once you offer because i and i also understand when an environment people use people right so everyone is also apprehensive and what makes me laugh particularly in nigeria obviously um i grew up in legals but i went to school abroad and the environment there is a little bit different here everybody's clothes everybody wants to guard everything but whatever you are guarding is not going to expand it's just going to stay where it is so i always kind of laugh when people are guarded with information are guarded didn't you do that the more you share and the more you expand your horizon and your network and you meet new people the more you can do one of the things that used to be funny for me when we created pbn initially there are a lot of people that had businesses that had um whether they're executives or they started businesses and i used to have to beg he would beg them to share on the group what they did or what product they were selling i i i almost lost my mind like oh yes i was going to steal my ideal you know i don't want to seem forward and make me could be about myself but you're selling something express it share it and from there now we started something called sell on monday and so every monday ended the whole thing about that was what's the best thing if you're an entrepreneur if you're a business leader spend the whole weekend there's that email you sent you're waiting for approval you're waiting for something you spend the whole weekend thinking about it there's nothing better than selling on monday so we coined that and what that does is it engage it helps people engage it helps people network it helps people sell so it goes back to my thing about being deliberate i get you about being apprehensive but if it's all basis for the common theme for us um for example you go somewhere where everybody's a broadcaster you know you kind of feel like you have something in common and then you strike over conversation and then you see ah okay this person seems cool maybe don't go forward and say hey i have this proposal can i bring it to you hey let's have a drink let me build a relationship because it just to me it works more when the base is a relationship and value is clear uh a lot of times people just network for networking sake like i won't ask for a business card just because but if i strike a conversation and i find the person interesting hey let's exchange but some people we're just gonna collect collect collect and and and then nothing happens after that so intention is being deliberate and lead lead with what you can offer because value is key if why why would i network when i don't think any value is going to come out of it it's not me being selfish but but just think about your time the things you think things you think are precious to you always just invest that in nothing that you don't think value can come out of it yeah i actually like the boss words i saw relationship their intentionality you know value you know which are very very key and it's interesting because i just want to quickly give a background um alera invited me to your events on friday and saturday last week it was amazing and i and i thought for a maiden event you know for me it it's kind of like um cements what you've just said because again if you look at the people that filled up those halls they were all like a family you know a lot of relationship had been built with that so i think that's the that's the missing link for networking because a lot of times i don't know you you just come and meet me and say give me your number give me your number say what's going to happen you know like people don't understand that there is a psychology to connecting with people and it is only when you're able to strike that connection then it can now translate into something afterwards i mean alera was saw me saying hello to someone and she said oh please meet this person maybe i saw the person i'd heard about that person a long time ago now as we're talking to you now we've done first meeting for the thing that he's been looking for for a year but you see it is because there is a relationship that's why that connection would have happened so i i get you 100 percent but you know let's quickly run off on a very short break when we come back now here from mary and um nj stay with us we'll be right back all right thanks for staying with us now if you just chained in we're disgusting leveraging networks to grow your business and we have with us balalao please let's hear what you have to say remember you can join the conversation send us an sms or whatsapp to spread one 803 4663 you can also do that as a way show after one more hashtag we show mary let me come to you okay um i'm in sales and i've seen the value of networking however yeah um i think relationship building is where the work comes in so it's enough to exchange contact details and you know start talking to the person but i realized that you have to actually do background checks on okay who is this person what's this person into you know how can i get something out of this person i'm selling so for me the first point is always okay how can i sell to this person it's not about how can your own first point call is how much does this person have quantity your cell is not okay well yes yes so that beauty why i'm not okay there's something we call um your size of my size of the people i'm going to meet so um your watch your shoe your clothes you're going to tell me okay this is where this person's head is at and i reach out i you know speak to the person but oftentimes i realize that it's it's not even enough to just people actually so how do i put it i have people that i've met and yes we talk but i keep hearing something that we don't market to me that's and that's because i've probably gotten too comfortable because i'm trying not to be all up in your face of i'm selling something so i'm trying to build a relationship but i'm realizing that okay the fact that they are h and i's they actually still want you to do the presentation to them they want you to ask them for the referrals they want you to you know go back and travel and i also want to ask like so what metrics can i you know indicators can i say okay this has been evaluable like how do i mark my progress well for you obviously you have to sell so the numbers are your metrics how much do you sell how much do you make but hear me out for a second because i hate i hate you about sizing people up but sometimes they're very well to be focused and that i know that i'm extremely low kick yeah like you will ride a regular Honda but i see you have a billion dollar company and it goes back to the relationship right if you get to know someone if you have conversation and if you're deliberate because a lot of times there's something we call in our community called ask hashtag ask every day or i need to get connected with this person they connected that person or i have this stuff i'm selling i need to yeah i need to make these numbers i need to connect sometimes as as depending on how much of a relationship you've built is as straight up as i remember this is what i do if you know anyone sometimes you may want to sell to her but it's not saying i'll tell to you tell her that if you know anyone that wants to buy this i can what is let me see now and then you because sometimes i get about relationships the people around you i've seen you finish so they don't even yeah and you sometimes too it's mental you may have like but you never know the person might want what you're selling now i just want to adapt we're in an environment where everything is expensive things are hard the worst thing you want to do to yourself is being in a in an environment in the community and not start from within first it's easy you're not spending any money it's easier it's easier to like for example in our community if i have i mean we don't have a soft community called thrift shop if you want to sell your car you can sell it there if you want to sell anything car clothes you can sell that easily and the reason why it's even better for folks is that one they're trusted because they're already in the community two maybe you feel like people have money so she can share their first but if you start from within even also gives you practice that okay i have more practice with selling with people around me i'm connected with them and then because what you said about referrals referrals are incredibly great and and it's even better when the referral comes from people within within like the example earlier you know hey introductions are also key that's what i like using if you know anybody i'm selling to you and i'm an apologetic about selling which is a derivative of networking um you if you're in business uh i think anybody that leads the business is the chief sales person of that business if you own a business really business entrepreneur found a businessman whatever you want to call yourself and you're not selling it means that then you give all this kpi is all this big role people oh god how much did you sell so i think um you leverage the people around you you can be deliberate you can be direct you can you can be just be honest my head i really need help but but i think a lot of times we get comfortable people around us and we tend not to shy away but i i i i struggle with it yeah i mean i used to beg people please post like i was like i was like threatening them i said if i find stuff on linkedin that you post that because people are more comfortable posting outside because it's not that close yeah and i don't want no you have to start from within you convert better from within than outside you spend less money you make more money and the people that you convert convert internally are even the people that help you get your next set of customers what are the chances that h and i uh there's another h and i extremely high extremely high and they're going to be around each other and sometimes it may not even be deliberate i like this thing there i will sold it to you and they'll call you but hey my friend is interested this thing you just said i have a friend that she does interiors almost all our friends they're banana island you say why don't it in fact they don't even allow her to post on instagram or anything because the truth is once one person comes to the house that's why her own focus is to make sure that she delivers excellently well as soon as somebody is stepping into the house who did this for you they say oh it's uh so so so so okay please so most as she's finishing a project she's not even done she's already getting referrals so i think that's even the quickest way you know to deal with h and i's right it's just service delivery has to be it has to be top notch yeah engine let me come to you okay so for me i would like to ask so she's in sales i'm in business development and sales so very similar um background but um so for me like i said earlier networking is personal and it's professional but where i'd like to go to is the strategic part of it now that can be a bit of an issue because there's almost no line between the personal and the professional so you you have to that you there's a different there's almost a different mindset you have to use to to tackle that and you know when you get like like we rightfully so for the personnel it gets too personal sometimes and for the professional you already drawn the line so you kind of keep it that way so how can you what are some of the tips that can help with effective networking within that strategic you know lane where you don't want to you know you understand you don't want to make it too personal you don't want you want to be able to use it as it comes depending per case so how do you do that what are some of the tips that you know we can we can learn so again it goes back to relationships but i i'll first say some basic things i think people know or should know about certain standards certain standards and stick into your standards because scenario an h&i wants you to come to this house it's in my standard but he's going to spend $20,000 with me so so if you keep your standard say my standards i don't do such can we meet at a restaurant and say no and you're okay with losing that because what i think mostly about standard is that it's more of a long-term approach net net in the long term you're better for for it's sticking to its standard i'm not saying that going to meet an h&i and a hotel has to do with your own standard if that's your standard yes go ahead if it's not stick to it the minute you start um flip flopping just because of an opportunity what you find is that you open yourself for all kinds of things because you don't have a state set standard and then you get to start there's also people whether you need them or you don't need them or all sort of propositions are coming to you and i understand particularly to a networking is is also critical for women because it's it's a whole new ballgame you meet someone you think you're doing business next thing they're giving you a they're giving you a room key to go somewhere so i understand the peculiarity of it which is why it's also good to belong to groups and communities for example um in our community we have subgroups we have 40 of them for something of that well one i mean all of the groups except one the women's group we have a woman's group only woman they talk about business and anything else guy they're talking to guy they're interested in their kids their family we have a parenting group as well and the reason why we do all those things that not even necessarily business is that the relationship so people may have interacted in the parenting group oh what kind of food does your toddler eat or kids don't sleep from that conversation what do you even do self and then people start talking oh really are you freaking come to my office in so the reason if you at the conference and you saw how the members were interacting very you think that we are family it's not just because we talk about business all the time is that people have lives so um a regular personal industry that you may not know versus a CEO of a hundred million dollar company also talking about parenting we have the same problems we have the same issues we've worked the same path so um being part of groups and organizations also to help protect people in networking because i don't expect someone to just come at you with crazy stuff they will at least first think about their the community and the repetition but but i it's it's cool to have these conversations and assume that everything is a broad brush but we also also understand what women particularly women go through the peculiar challenges for women in networking because again you don't know if it's business you you can tell us you cannot tell so do you see why i don't sound just like you said it just like he said well i was going to say that so let's come back to you because i was quite intrigued i mean when i was in the hall at the federal palace by morah hall when you guys had that event i mean so many people i think it was over a thousand people that attended that event everybody kept on saying somebody said he's the something tiger or something like you know they're calling you so many powerful names i said okay and we didn't need to meet this guy because i never has been on my neck oh and you have to come to pee pee pee i said i they come you know and you know when i went there it was interesting to then hear from people because i guess sometimes we they say our people finish maybe i don't see a letter of finish i can't i can't believe what she's saying to me well now hearing your name you know come out of the mouth of a lot of people how you've impacted their businesses how you've transformed their businesses how you connected to them to their next level it was quite impressive and i like people because maybe because i'm a person of impact i like when i meet someone and i'm not leaving you the way i met you i should be able to at least add some level of value to your life and that's why i loved your buzzwords value and all of that so tell me first of all what were you thinking when you decided that you wanted to grow a community right that would give a platform to different people to build their their net worth and their networks and you know grow their business what were you thinking what was in your mind before i even go so there's this book called idea i just read the book a few months ago it's called never eat alone i can't remember the name of the author author but if you go it's an orange cover never eat alone i think people should read that book so first of all i wasn't thinking anything i wasn't able to create the group so there's a distinction between creating the group and growing the group creating the group we just wanted to eat barbecue in my house in houston one of my guys said great group now but it was supposed to be for like-minded folks that you know leave abroad but have business locally set up corporations and things like that and 10 became 20 we go to our 80th member informal you just refer your friends uh before we had our first woman in the group wow yes i was like telling that wow because in networking too you realize that a lot of it is a boy's club in politics there's so many women now it's even easier for men that's why you see in politics a lot of men are either because they meet us at night or their places where not everyone is comfortable to be in and so i always like telling that part because it's a journey um so create was informal uh grow we said okay the name was called nida business partners like please take this razz name and so we got to get out we branded the the group um we had a group of uh initial uh members called um governing council that helped put things together and when we saw that you know especially if you're in the diaspora some of us like you and i don't do this a lot of people have gone gotten burnt they send money for car to sell cars and also they get burnt and i just feel like the connection because the way it started it was a lot of my friends a lot of some of the guys who started together and then um i had been doing business in my address since 2016 this started like pbs started two and a half years ago and um because i knew a lot of people on ground too i'm like sure it's not adding the folks on ground so the people on ground to start adding their own friends on ground some as folks in diaspora and people just started connecting and i saw in the real time how things were moving and it was contextual value was bringing people we had a member that has four thousand goats sold about 100 to a member wow they sold goats to themselves sold cars they launched business together they've helped members launch business a member has carried members to call about to go speak think of it members literally think of it they've done it together like this is something we need to formalize so um we just branded it and then standardized stuff put code of conduct together because it's very important to put infrastructure and structure in place because things can happen privacy policy you start to put all the structure in place and which is why i you know especially for people that may be vulnerable is always going to be in an environment that you're protected which is why i advocate for people to join networks communities groups because because they do a lot of the work uh half of the work for you it's just now and people are there you can connect and mingle with them and so we just started to see a lot of success story a lot of things and i like it for me to do this you know we register the business locally register the business in the u.s it's a proper community communities the service um it needs to be paid group ah people complain i used to be from like you want us to put the infrastructure in place you want us to grow and connect people i for you know i get embarrassed all those things you're saying it embarrasses me a lot because to me i'm like this is what i'm supposed to do people are supposed to connect it drives me crazy when people don't connect it actually bothers me so to me it's something that it comes to you effortlessly effortlessly and makes me happy so in fact i was the people that i do this because i'm selfish because i'm doing it because it makes me happy uh i'm doing it because it's going to help you too and everything but seeing people connect and extract value that word value that i mentioned earlier makes me happy and i also feel like we increase our network collectively each time someone moves up raise money uh does amazing numbers um gets appointed some of our members gotten appointed with the government some members one of our members for example just became an ed at one of the big commercial banks you continue to grow a lot of CEOs the conference we couldn't have food at conference or without the community there there was one panelist that couldn't show up and the person i just went to tap and say hey i'm going to speak is a big name in the tech ecosystem you know like name who and who that is in the tech industry they were all there like and not just and small businesses massive businesses unicorns all of them they were there and it was quite interesting and to think that you just did that out of you know something the love that you have for you know people connecting that's what's really amazing so let me take a comment says good evening ladies and gentlemen your guest is very intelligent it says um it says and an interesting person it says the book never eat alone is by Keith Ferazi yes correct and it says the book is very good this is from adi adi is watching us from the uk hi adi thank you for your and nj have a comment grieving my my dear beautiful sisters of what are you saying ways hashtag leveraging networks to grow your business to grow your business we need two things number one we need to introduce our businesses that is creating awareness and number two is the need to create relationship between two parties a very strong one and look for a very strong one and look for a way to keep in touch after the relationship is built according to my dear sister um relationship is personal and professional nigeria needs to be admitted to nigeria needs to be admitted to a hospital it will cause we are sick i think he's he just went he just went from here he just went from here i said today i'm going to be a nice let's discuss let's discuss what we personally grow us can i finish his comment so i'm going to take that again go ahead according to my dear beautiful sister um relationship is personal and professional nigeria needs to be admitted to a hospital because we are sick what is 25 000 allowance for doctors compared to what our ministers and governors go away with and you are saying that they shouldn't and you are saying that they shouldn't leave the country i'm not in support of riding bicycles or the highways is very risky i want bicycles are meant for the estate and nothing more my name is daniel illo ways regular fan thanks daniel and we take a what's that name miri to told me language but we have one minute left if you had one thing to say to anyone you know that is looking to probably change their circle because i believe so so strongly in your circle and how it can impact your overall growth as a person what would you say to that person well it's if it's a change their cycle or whatever it is you want to see expand change whatever well this is what i'll say ultimately and it's cliche but but it's true when it's a close mouth don't get don't get fed speak up speak up as as straightforward and simple as it sounds speak up whether it's about not being able to sell or not being in the right network speak up to people around you because most what are likely someone may be able to point you to the right direction um i've always been a proponent of people speaking up and saying things however you feel you hide under a mask you don't want to ask that problem you die alone you die speak up um you notice even at the the theme of the conference you see people connecting and speaking up and saying the things they need to speak up thank you so much for that thank you mary hat want me to say no mary is quiet who wants to send that to told me but thank you're gonna buy a bike okay okay okay i would you should actually join the bikers club i have a friend they ride from from vi they go all the way to international airport you have to i don't think it's that one i think she means the no she we do bike as well but we joined her there but thank you so much bola i am looking forward to joining the premier business network uh not because uh allera is cohesing me too but i again because i actually saw the value uh and i think it's it's actually an i am not a network person i'm not a community person i run away from all those things but i believe in you know what you're doing and i think more people should actually join the premier business it's different you'll see it is actually it is different it is trust me i've seen things i know you have i know you have but thank you so much it's been an amazing time you know talking with you now before we go thank you ladies thank you thank you thank you before we go and show you follow us across all our social media handles at waste your africa you can interact with us further drop a comment and more importantly follow all our engagements and social media likes and invite your families and friends to watch and follow the conversation now if you missed our quote for today here it is again networking is an investment in your business and it takes time and when done correctly can yield results for years to come we'll see you guys live on monday at 8 p.m as we bring another great conversation to your screens ciao


Okay, folks, this is Larry Pesaveto for TFNN, the mid-afternoon update, but you certainly don't have to ask very much of what's going on today, folks, because the only thing that's going down is the gold, which is really great because we were able to short-tap it. Boy, we've got some strong stock markets based on a odd jobs number that even the only mother in the Vatican didn't even believe because it was 319,000 new jobs. I mean, that's just an incredible, incredible move. So, by the way, our guest is going to be at the trading hold-on, folks. I've got a slight problem with the beepers going off because we happen to be short some gold and it's going down and I have to change the price objective. So, if you'll bear with me here just one small second, I'll get this fixed, hopefully. And out there, we'll have it done here right now. So, yeah, that's just good. Okay, we'll go through some of these trades a little bit later, but that's the main thing I'm looking at today.  We were looking to short the S&P at $4296 and it's been to $4291 so far, but that's one of the ones we've been able to capture some nice moves in the Euro. Of course, we missed the soybean trade, but when you look at all these markets across the board, there's green everywhere for risk on, except for treasury bonds. They're down a full point as pretty much the treasury notes are as interest rates are dropping at least temporarily. The grains are strong again. Soybeans up another $0.16, let's try that again another $0.23 and corn's up $0.07 and wheat's up $0.10. So, we've got some really big things happening in the inflation front, but that's neither here nor there. So, we'll be covering some of these things as we go through our day to day, but our special guest today for my show on trade where you see what's coming up next will be Bob Miner of the Dynamic Trader. I've known Bob well over 40 years and so we'll have some fun talking to him. So live every day in an attitude of gratitude and please stay with us for another segment here. We've got one hour to go of some interesting markets, so we'll be right back.


How much face paint's too much face paint for a fan at a game? Did these guys crush it going all out full blown lions? Did they sit in a chair for an hour each to get this done before the game? Did they do it at the tailgate? Does one of their wives or sisters do it because she's a professional makeup artist or are they paying someone to do this before going to the game? Is there a limit? Is this awesome? Is it just a little messed up?


This 2017 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Short Box is stock number 12205Z. We're here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, near New and used heavy-duty truck and Ram headquarters. This 2017 Ram 2500 Crew Cab has the 6.4-liter V8 Hemi engine. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop for the state of Wisconsin inspection process. It has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. True blue pearl coat is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p, 60 frames per second, so if you have HD capabilities, on your computer, tablet, smartphone, or television, I highly recommend turning them on right now, because it is your best way to check out the quality, condition, and options of the truck before seeing it in person. If you like the video and want to subscribe to our YouTube channel, in the upper right-hand part of the screen is a subscribe button. Click that, and then click the bell notifications. You'll get updates on the videos that we do of our new and used inventory each and every day here at Summit Auto. This one comes with fuel 20-inch painted and polished aluminum rims, and it has Nitto Ridge Grappler 35x12.5 R20 LT tires, and these tires, I would say, have probably about 70-80% of the tread left on them. So this one does have a suspension lift kit on it. It comes with performance foc shocks. You can see that lift right there. Feel free to pause it to see all the components. It's nicely done. This truck ride is really nice. Front fender, no dents or dings on that. Headlight lenses are nice and clear. Front bumper is in excellent condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on there, and the lower valence is in nice shape as well. The hood is in excellent condition, and it does come with the clearance lights up top on the cab there. Passengers side front fender looks really good. Didn't see any dents or dings on there. And the passengers side rim, other than some water spots, no scuffs or scrapes, looks really good. True blue pearl has just a little bit of metal flake in it. When the sun hits it just right, you can see how nice and sparkly that is. As you go down this side of the truck, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos, so if you are far away, or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises, and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. And if you do buy this truck and you saw the video, let the salesmen know that you saw the video and that Brett sent you. Back rim, excellent condition as well. And it does have some wheel-to-wheel side steps. They're in nice condition. Back tires have just a little bit less tread than the front tires, but still I'd say 70 to 80%. Frame and underbody is in excellent shape. You get fox shocks back here as well. And it's like that all the way underneath. It has all the remaining, I believe it's all factor exhaust. Underneath looks good. Cab corners and lower rockers all look good as well. I didn't see any denser dings on the box. Coming around to the back, the rear bumper is in nice shape. It does have the backup parking sensors. Full towing package, which includes a receiver hitch, four pin and seven pin wiring. Tailgate is in excellent condition. Does have a locking tailgate, backup camera, and a very nice auto trim design spray and bed liner. Bed's in really nice shape. Couple little tiny dings on the wheel wells there, but nothing to be concerned about. Tailgate shuts nice and solidly. And as you go down the driver's side, just as clean as that passenger's side, I didn't see any denser dings on the box. And for full disclosure, this back room, excellent condition as well. Driver's side doors look really good. No denser dings on them. Does have the heated fold up tow mirrors. They fold up like so. They have directional signals in them and they also fold in like that. Inside, the tradesman package gives you the gray cloth interior. There are no rips or tears on those seats. They are in very nice condition. Do get weather tech floor mat in here. Auto headlamps, power windows, power locks, and power mirrors. We'll hop inside, turn the ignition on, check out the miles and the radio and everything that the interior has to offer. You can see that this one has 31,747 miles. You get a digital spinometer, compass, and outside temperature display. Instrument cluster is very nice and clean. You get Bluetooth and information center controls on the left and cruise controls on the right. This one comes with the six speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift. And it has AM, FM, and serious satellite radio capabilities on the five inch touchscreen. And this is also where your backup camera shows up. Turned out four wheel drive, factory brake controller, stability control, tow hall, parking sensors. You can turn those off. You have your climate controls right there and five auxiliary up-fit switches. That weather tech floor mat goes over the hump, passenger side seat and floor mat are in excellent condition. The headliner is absolutely perfect on this truck. No rips or tears, smells very clean. I don't think it's ever been smoked in. You do get map lights up there. We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll start it up and take a look under the hood. Back seats are just as clean as the front seats. No rips or tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have. Really nice and clean. You get the weather tech floor mat back here as well. Underneath you get some storage. You also get in-floor storage with removable bins for easy cleaning. They come out like so. You can put ice and drinks in there.  The back doors have child safety locks and the bottoms of the doors all look really good on this truck. We'll start it up and take a look under the hood. Starts right up. No check engine lights or anything like that. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you'll be able to verify the quality and condition of this truck inside and out. I think it's a pretty nice shape. Under the hood we have the 6.4 liter V8 Hemi engine. Engine bay is very clean, runs very smooth. Once again this truck has been fully inspected and inspected by our service shop. It has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. This truck is 100% ready to go. There's your emissions sticker. I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint. To see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftones, three quarter tons, one tons. You name it, we got to go to that website right there at www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at www.summitauto.com. If you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to www.youtube.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos you see there. Click the bell notifications. You'll get updates on the videos we do each and every day here at Summit Auto. In fact, in a second you'll see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel linked to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and linked to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those check us out and we're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2017 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Short Box Tradesman and True Blue Proco. Thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share.


All right, what's up internet? So I'm filming this in the time of NCOV or COVID-19 and one of the industries most affected by the virus is the airline industry. So this is just the story of how I got refund from Cathay Pacific hassle-free or stress-free. So the story begins on January 21. I booked a flight from New York to Manila passing through Hong Kong which would leave on February 10. And so around this time, late January, early February, those were the first signs that maybe the virus was exiting China at a rapid pace and you know, Japan was getting affected and South Korea was also hit Singapore. And so you know, the situation was still very much up in the air. So around one week before my flight, February 3, it was getting a bit dicey. The Philippine government issued a note saying that if you pass through Hong Kong, we might not let you in and it might stick you in one of our quarantine centers. So I canceled my flight with Cathay Pacific and booked a direct flight from New York to Manila via using Philippine Airlines. And so the cancellation process with Cathay was straightforward.  There's an option there to cancel. And I did request for a refund through that initial cancellation process. But immediately on February 3, when I canceled immediately after the cancellation, I got an email saying that, you know, something went wrong with your refund request and we need you to submit it again. Here's a link.  So I clicked the link and I submitted the necessary information and after that, after February 3, I had no more contact with Cathay. I did not email them. I did not call them. I did not try to visit their office when I got to Manila. So no communications at all from me, no follow-ups to Cathay Pacific. On February 12, I did get an email from Cathay saying that, yes, you know, we know you asked for a refund, but you know, there's a lot of stuff going on. So it might take a few more weeks to process. On February 14, the refund had arrived and it was only a partial refund, but it was for around 90% of the price that I paid. So again, overall, not bad at all without having to hassle anyone for a refund. I didn't send any follow-up emails, calls, et cetera. So yes, I did not get a full refund, but considering the state of the airline industry, Cathay Pacific in particular, considering the state of the world economy in general, I'm quite happy with the 90% refund, especially because it was hassle-free. You know, you're running around worried about what food to buy and what medicines you need and when your city will go into lockdown. So it was really, I think, very generous on the part of Cathay Pacific to give such a refund and without having to hassle their customers. And some of you might be wondering, perhaps I'm a frequent flyer with Cathay, maybe for some reason they know me or whatever status in the frequent flyer miles program. Actually, I very rarely take Cathay Pacific. The last time I took one of their flights was in February 2015, so five years ago. And I'm definitely not a frequent flyer with them. I'm a member of their program, but that's just to accumulate miles. I don't have any special customer category with them. And again, so basically I'm a nobody to them, but they were kind enough to give me a 90% refund. And really, thank you again, Cathay Pacific. I thought that was really great customer service. Definitely no travel for now.


Me and Darren are living together, but we're drifting apart. The passion's gone and we're arguing non-stop. Darren says he wants to talk. We're just trying to sort the relationship out, stop arguing. I've got my head around the reality of if this doesn't work, we're both going our separate ways. I feel deep down in the bottom of my heart that you haven't got your head around that.  I'm at the final end of my tether. I'm just not happy. I love you with all my heart, but I don't feel like I'm in love with you at the minute. Both you and I know that this relationship hasn't been going well for a while. For a while. I feel like I'm wasting my time here. I want to give my love and have you come back around. I feel like it's really, really sad because we're not just boyfriend and girlfriend. We're best friends as well. So when the relationship breaks, I generally feel like it might be alright for you because you can just walk away and you've not got a team and you're alright, you're fine. I feel like I've lost my best friend as well as a boyfriend. At least this love will never treat me bad. Doesn't accuse me of things I've not done. Life's not perfect.


Humans are fascinated with the end of the world, and by the end of the world I mean the end of civilization as we know it since the Earth is usually still there afterwards. In the Bible we have a story about the entire world flooding and everyone dying except one man and his family who were prepared for the disaster. It goes back even further than that though, to the epic of Gilgamesh. Collected in 2000 BCE some of the stories go back even further and also involve the end of the world. But in almost every case there is a small subset of humanity that survives, which is why I specified that it was the end of civilization, not the world. With the current situation forcing us to stay indoors or else kill all our grandparents, I thought it might be nice to examine the way we've dealt with this in the past and what we can learn from that. Before that, sponsor time because this video is brought to you by Campfire. Organizing stories can be hard, but it doesn't have to be. Campfire Pro is a writing software with tons of tools to keep you organized. Its character pages will help you keep track of all your characters with details and backstories. Timelines can help you hammer out all those plot points. You can even track character arcs and use the map view to create all the locations you need. You'll also definitely want to check out the brand new world building pack. It's an expansion to Campfire Pro with even more tools to help build your story's world. Construct new species, magic systems and develop your cultures with religions, philosophies and languages with this massive bundle of features. Campfire Pro is a one-time purchase of $49.99 and the world building pack is available for an additional $24.99. Do away with all those word documents and spreadsheets. Keep everything easily accessible with Campfire Pro. Click the link in the description to learn more. A lot of people are attracted to end of the world fiction right now, even though we're currently in the midst of a disaster, well, multiple disasters. You'd think we'd all be searching for some light-hearted escapism, right? This isn't the first time something like this has happened, though. The 20th century saw an uptick in stories about civilization ending, mostly science fiction and mostly revolving around nuclear war. Turns out the Cold War was on everyone's mind 60 years ago. For the first time, the world could end not through an act of God, but through the actions of a small number of humans. If the US President or Soviet Premier decided to launch the missiles, then the other would have to react and that would be the end of things. Best case scenario, we'd enter into a dark age that would take decades or centuries to crawl out of. And people were acutely aware of this. Isaac Asimov's Foundation series deals with this on a galactic scale, with a massive empire collapsing and civilization being saved by a few groups of scientists and engineers. This series began before nuclear bombs were invented and continued through the Cold War, reflecting Asimov's, and society's, fear of their world collapsing. At the same time, it shows that they had hoped things could go back to normal eventually. All they had to do was prepare. But it also reflects Asimov's general distaste for American anti-intellectualism, which he saw as just as big of a threat as nuclear war. Nuclear apocalypse stories continued well into the Cold War and beyond. The Fallout video game series is one of the first examples that many of us will think of. The world has been almost totally destroyed and the survivors have gone right back to humanity's old ways of fighting over resources and ideology. The games definitely have an anti-nuclear armament and anti-war undercurrent to them, but they're more a criticism of American exceptionalism, nationalism, environmental degradation, unrestricted capitalism, imperialism, and consumerism. They came out after the Cold War, when the average person had gotten used to the sort of Damocles that is nuclear destruction hanging over their head. But the 90s were a decade where neoliberal capitalism reigned supreme, and many feared that its austerity would lead to social isolation, hunger for endless growth, and an eventual neo-fascist backlash. It's a good thing that hasn't happened, right? Oh. Oh dear. Apocalypse stories reflect the fears of the time, just like regular horror stories. Insert shameless self-plug here. The first Mad Max movie deals with resource shortages, particularly oil shortages, and it came out only a few years after the oil embargo from Arab countries. It reminded Americans how much they relied on oil and how easily they could lose access to it. The later films go back to the old standbys of nuclear war and environmental degradation, but the first one was different. For a while, we had a bit of a dip in apocalyptic stories. After all, the Cold War was over, American capitalism had won out over Soviet communism, and now the world could go into an age of unprecedented prosperity. Right? The western world's optimism of the 90s ended with 9-11. Then we remembered that we're all vulnerable. But there was less focus for a time. The reasons for the end of the world as we know it varied, from the environment in the day after tomorrow and the last book in the universe to supernatural reasons in The Power of Five or Left Behind. We also got some alien apocalypses, like Titan AE, Half-Life, and Falling Skies. And of course, the fifth wave. You'll get your roast soon enough. Various enemies from some far away place with overwhelming technology come in, destroy much of the population, and begin stealing our resources. Only a small number of humans live and are reduced to guerrilla fighting slash scavenging to live. Seems almost like a metaphor for imperialism, though I'm convinced that's totally by accident, since in the end the heroes usually wind up defeating the aliens through pluckiness. Most of the time, this is just a standard action story with a somewhat unique setting. Then in the late aughts, we got an influx of zombie stuff. And I say stuff because they were absolutely everywhere. Movies, comics, TV shows, books, video games, podcasts, everywhere. I've talked about this a bit in the past. This was about the fear of political differences, mindless hordes that you can't reason with infecting your friends and destroying your way of life. It's not exactly subtle. Zombieism is most often spread through a virus carried by other followers of zombieism. If they get ahold of you, they'll turn you and send you out to turn your friends. Just like propaganda and word of mouth.  This helped with, though it didn't cause, the rise of far right politics, which is all based on fear of modern society turning people into, quote, degenerates. Not that everyone who likes The Walking Dead is or was a reactionary, of course. Many of us just liked watching heads explode. And this can easily be seen from the other direction, too, with liberal and left-wing people fearing growing extremism. That was the beauty of the zombie fad. It reflected everyone's fears, not just the fears of one specific group. And that leads me, finally, to apocalypses brought about by pandemics. These have been around for quite some time, always in the background and never all that popular. Stephen King's The Stand is the most prominent example where a superflu escapes from a U.S. military installation and kills over 99% of the population, leaving only a handful of survivors who are immune from the virus. Because everyone died so suddenly of tiny microbes, the environment and infrastructure are mostly intact. There's plenty of food and transportation to go around. The virus is no longer a threat, so what is the threat?  The apocalypse barely factors into the main storyline. It's more like an inciting incident that forces all the main characters into a difficult situation that really has little to do with surviving Captain Trips. They don't have to worry about radiation or mutant animals the way they would in a nuclear apocalypse. They don't have to worry about the Antichrist taking over the world like they would if the raptor came and they certainly don't have to worry about being infected and turned into zombies. The superflu no longer poses any threat to them. There aren't any people who survived by avoiding the spread. Everyone who wasn't immune died. Obviously, part of the success of apocalyptic fiction can be attributed to the fantasy of being some sort of Wild West badass.  It's a power fantasy where you get to go to a new world and be a hero, just like Harry Potter or Narnia or Sword Art Online or, hell, a hundred other things you can think of. There's nothing wrong with that. We all wish we had more power sometimes. And that's the thing to remember about every apocalypse story. The apocalypse is not the draw. The stories of those who survive is the draw. When the bombs drop or the virus comes, that wrecks the old world. All the infrastructure, government services, division of labor, and transportation we rely on for our current lifestyle goes away. Then what comes next? What sort of society do we build in the ashes of the old? Can we build a new society at all? Ending the world is most often a choice regarding setting and theme, not a story choice. Think about it. Is Fallout about the nuclear war that ended human civilization, or is about someone who's out to save his home by finding a McGuffin that'll give them clean water? Is the story of Noah and his Ark about the world flooding, or is it about the man who survives on a boat? Many stories are about the heroes averting the end of the world. Apocalypse stories are about worlds where the heroes never showed up to help. And pandemics are a specific type of crisis.  They just start dying in droves around you, and there's little you can do to protect yourself or others.  That made them sound cooler than I meant it to, but you get the point.  There's no one to blame for the start of the disaster, though some people share the blame for making it worse. It's a reminder that whatever we may think of ourselves, bad things will still happen. Humans use fiction as a way of imagining what the worst case scenario is, and when they see that, they feel like the real world isn't that bad. Coronavirus has killed a metric fuckload of people, but we aren't yet at the point where governments have collapsed and dead bodies are littering the streets. We know that this crisis will pass eventually, though we don't know how long it'll take or how many will die in the meantime. We understand that we won't be left in a mad max hellscape afterwards, but we don't know exactly what the world will look like, nor do we know if our loved ones will all make it. And some people are probably worried about things besides their own well-being, such as the health of their country or some cause they've worked towards. If you know me, you know I don't have a high opinion of nationalism or patriotism or whatever the hell you wanna call it, what's important is a lot of other people do, and the end of the world as we know it brings the countries that they've staked their identities on crashing down. If you survive when everything you've worked for comes crashing down around you, what's next? If you've convinced yourself that you're part of the greatest country, not on earth, but in history, and you see that country collapse along with the civilization it was part of, how do you figure out what to do with yourself? Do you try to rebuild what was there before? And many generations after the apocalypse, when everyone who remembers the old world is long gone, how do those remaining view it? It probably says something about the American psyche that the only situations we can conceive of that don't have a United States are ones where the entire world was destroyed. The idea that we might be destroyed or broken up somehow while the rest of the world continues is unthinkable to many of us. I don't know, just a thought. Here's the thing though, the end of the world as we know it has come for plenty of civilizations in the past, and the world kept on turning. The Western Roman Empire, Assyria, the British Colonial Empire, the indigenous Americans, the Bronze Age civilizations, they all thought of themselves as the center of the universe, and they all fell. When the American Empire eventually falls, a lot of people won't know what to do with themselves and they'll feel like the world has ended, but it won't. Life will go on. It might be better or worse, but it will continue. Not that we shouldn't be upset about massive loss of human life or the destruction of our homes, it's just that from a big picture standpoint, none of this will seem like a big deal, even if to us, it's everything. And I think that's the ultimate message to take away from any story where the world ends. Life goes on. Maybe it sucks, but that doesn't matter because being alive is always better than being dead, and as long as there are humans out there, civilization survives.  Anyways, that brings me to the end of my ramblings about pandemics. I know it's not all that focused, but neither is the genre. It's just people trying to imagine a scenario they've never been in and make sense of it. You're not weird for being worried or for trying to make sense of it by watching zombie movies. The real world is chaotic and fiction is orderly. By campfire. Special shout out to Appo Savalainen, Brother Santotis, Christopher Hawkins, Christopher Quinten, Emily Miller, Joel, Joseph Pendergraft, Madison Lewis Bennett, Taylor Briggs, Tobacco, and Vaivictus, as well as all the other names here. If you want early access to my videos along with other benefits, then consider becoming a patron. It starts at a dollar a month. And if you can't do that, then simply sharing this video around helps me immensely. Good luck and stay healthy, all of you. Bye.


The biggest reason why no one does this is because it takes a certain level of crazy and a certain level of consistency that many people don't have.  The worst thing sometimes that can happen, you can get satisfied, but greatness doesn't get satisfied. Now that's why I do think entrepreneurship is a sport. Like I think you can take any widget or product and you can see how good is that founder at pivoting to a real business. Whereas like the people I've seen in life that are the happiest or the most successful are really enjoying themselves, they're just being creative. There's magic in beginning things. You don't have to know every step you're gonna take, but rather than sitting still, take a step somewhere. And when you have almost like nothing yet, it's like you have nothing to lose. You have literally no risk. Like it's just like, let's just... You're in the bonus. Yeah.


Hey everybody welcome back to the channel. Today we're going to talk a little bit about my transition from being an I3WM fanboy to a DWM fanboy. I've debated a little while on how to talk about this and I've made some notes but the gist of it comes down to is the reason why people use DWM isn't the reason why I use DWM so that's the reason why I'm making this video. When I first decided that I wanted to try the Dynamic Window Manager or whatever I think that's what's called or stands for DWM. I created a video maybe a month ago a month and a half ago now and if you watch that you can just tell I'm completely lost as to what DWM actually is. Not actually was but how to use it, how to theme it, how to get around in it, how to change key bindings, any of that stuff it was completely lost and that situation carried on for quite some time and it took me two or three weeks to really get my head around how to theme really do anything in DWM. I spent most of my time still in I3 and just kept coming back to DWM because I wanted to try it out and see if I could be okay at it and during that time I was still a big proponent of using I3. It wasn't until I really kind of wrapped my head around what DWM is that I figured out that I decided that it was better than what I was using before which is I3. So there are a few reasons why I've decided that I3 and I've now been using DWM full-time now for close to a month and I've just come to love it. Today I'm going to talk a little bit about why I transitioned from DWM but also why I think it's better than I3 for some people. Not all people, but some people and I'll talk a little bit more about that at the end. So let me show you what my DWM looks like. We'll just transition over to the wrong scene. That was from my gaming channel that I never update. Anyways this is what my I3 looks like. This is a brand new one dark rice that I just did today. I like ricing things as you can tell from some of my videos. But this is what my DWM looks at after hours and hours of learning how to do things. I've themed things differently a few times. Now I've gotten my head wrapped around it. So one of the things I like best about DWM is the direct editing of the source code. So if I CD into my DWM file here, these are all the files that make up DWM. There are any more located anywhere else. Anything you want to change you can change here. And it's not like I3 if we do that if we get out of this and go into my this is my I3 config. And you can tell you can tell one is more complicated than the other for sure. And that's not necessarily a good or bad thing on either way. But I've learned to prefer the way DWM does things mostly because I know exactly what I'm creating when I add something here. There's a translation layer between me and the actual short source code that I don't see and I don't understand. So I don't even know what language I3 is written in. I know what I3 what DWM is written and it's written in C. And I can understand I don't know anything about C. But I can learn it right. I don't because I'm not sure what I3 is I3 has this configuration felt which is basically just plain text. And it's not it's not a bash script like BS PWM has it's it's just really weird. And this is great for new users because it's really easy to understand there's not a once you get around the little bit of syntax that you have to learn. It's great. There's no weird places where you have to you know if you don't put a semicolon or a comma somewhere you're not going to break your config file. I mean usually whereas when you're writing in C you have to have semicolons in certain places you have to have brackets in certain places for I mean really seriously what are these brackets here for I don't understand that I don't know anything about C. I mean this is defining a variable so I'm not understanding what the brackets for I still don't know and it doesn't bother me that I don't know. But I at least I can understand that if I learn those things I'm directly manipulating the source code and that's kind of reassuring. It's also provided a challenge something that I didn't really get with I3. I enjoy learning new things so I eventually I'll learn what those brackets are for you know I'm not sure whether breakfast there so eventually I'll learn those things. So directly editing the source code is is great. But it's not for everybody and I'll like I said I'll talk about that a little bit in a little bit. So another thing that I really do prefer is that the status bar up here is actually included with the WM I don't have to go through and try to figure out how to get poly bar to work. I could use poly bar I suppose there is a patch for that. But this just is here now this extraneous stuff up here this the status bar that's not there and it's not included. There's another program that you have to use to do that but it's all kind of a it's more of a I would call a plug in than an actual program. So basically that's just running a whole bunch of scripts and printing them out. That's all it does. And that's great. It took me a while to get my head around it but I enjoy the fact that if I want to make edits to this bar I can do pretty much anything right from the standard config file in DWM. Now you can do that kind of an I3 because I3 has its own bar as well I3 bar. But the limitations are a little bit more. It's a little bit more weird and it's not as extensible as what I know this is really. So that's another one.  But I also think it's fun. I'm one of those people who like I said I enjoy a challenge. I enjoy learning new things. I'm not I'm never gonna be an expert in anything but I do enjoy going through and learning things that I don't know. So going through and learning how to patch how to patch manually when something when the automatic patching thing fails has been really enjoyable for me because not necessarily because it's not frustrating when something goes wrong but because I can go through and learn how to fix it and it allows me to tinker. So that I think of all the window managers window managers that I've tried DWM is the one that is the one that is best for me because because I'm a tinkerer. A tinkerer? Tinkerer? Hard word to say. So the next thing I want to talk about is the difference between I3 and DWM. I3 is a manual tiling window manager. Basically what that means is that you decide where you want the next window to spawn. So if you want to spawn vertically or horizontally or over there or you know over here over there you decide that. And there's a lot of key bindings and complexity and determining a lot of complexity in between you and the window manager of how you tell I3 where things go. You know there's five or six key bindings. Each one does several different things and it can be really it can be kind of complicated. And I used to like that. I used to like that. I would argue that I want to be the one to decide where my windows go not the window manager and that's a perfectly valid argument. I think that that control that it gives you to put the window the next window you spawn where you want to spawn it is a good thing. But DWM is a little bit different. It's a dynamic tiling window manager which means that pretty much depending on what you know format you have install or patches and stuff all your windows are going to spawn in a predictable manner. You don't get to decide where things are going. They just spawn you know in a certain order. And now I believe that this is the best way to do it. Not necessarily because it gives you more control because it doesn't it's actually less control but it's also more predictable. Half the time I would enter a mode like I enter vertical mode or horizontal mode in I3 and spawn a window where I didn't really want to because there's no indicator of what you know mode you are in and especially after you've themed something because in stock I3 there is like a weird way they manipulate the borders around windows that will indicate where your next window is going to be spawned. But if you've themed that away it's harder to know where your window is going to be because there's so many different possibilities where it could go. Now if I spawn another window it's just there you know so that I like that. Now there are patches and stuff that will allow you to change to different layouts and I have some of those installed but I don't usually use them I just use this master and stack I guess is what they call it now layout and it's really good. It's just completely changed the way I would argue about it. So the next thing I want to talk about a little bit before I move on to some of the downsides of DWM is that I've had more fun racing DWM than I ever had with I3 mainly because mainly because it's complex and it's things go wrong. So like I said I'm a tinkerer and I enjoy getting into this orc's code and changing things changing the color changing the backgrounds. Like today I figured out how to make these finally learned how to make all these scripts up here different colors. I mean there's a patch for that but before I couldn't get the patch to work so I had to figure out how to get the patch to work and that took me almost a week in order to figure out how to do and figure out what was going wrong and that was it was frustrating but it was also fun. I like to race things and the more complicated things get as long as I'm not getting don't get too frustrated the more fun I have and that's really that's really the I think that's where I'm at with DWM is that I'm not necessarily more productive but I enjoy using it more. So what who is DWM for DWM is not for beginners because of the source code because of the patching. I3 is by far the better window manager if you're just getting into window managers. That's my opinion I think most Linux YouTubers Linux evangelists or whatever would agree that if you're going to try a window manager and you were choosing between I3 and DWM at least. I3 would be the better choice mainly because of the more the way the configuration files laid out and it's easier to understand stuff but if you're a Linux user who's moved past the point where you're no longer a noob and you're more interested in learning things and learning new things and tinkering around DWM is amazing and I think that because it allows you to tinker a little bit more and you're interacting directly with you know the code that makes up DWM it allows you to break things more often and then fix them and I mean that's a typical guy thing I suppose but it's true I mean it's just the more interaction you have with the actual code it just makes it you know better. So I guess in conclusion I would just say that I like DWM better than I3 now but there's nothing really wrong with I3 I just I enjoy the predictability of where the windows go and the fun that I have theming. Now the question I have for myself is will my love affair with DWM continue? Now as you know if you've watched the channel for any amount of time I've been having an affair with Xmonad because of Distortube and it's not it's an abusive affair because so far I've not been successful in actually using Xmonad mostly because I've been averse to watching tutorial videos on how to set it up. I've been trying to do it on my own and I've failed spectacularly but if I get that up and running the question I have is did I move over to Xmonad because Xmonad is a dynamic tiling window manager as well and so it has those things going for it but it's also written in a completely different language so that might make up a new challenge I'm not sure. The question I have is do I really want to learn Haskell? I mean I've seen some of the code I played around in a little bit. Haskell looks really complicated and I thought C was complicated it's a new adventure and we'll see. As for now I believe I'm going to be sticking on DWM for quite a while I am going to be playing around with more SpectreWM in the future in our video we'll see how that goes. That one's another one that has a config file that's not written in the programming language that the window manager itself is you know coded in. So that'll be an interesting way because that's a dynamic tiling window manager as well but it's written more kind of like I3 is so that'll be interesting to kind of play around with that a little bit more. Anyways if you enjoyed this kind of rambly nonsense video that I recorded at 12.30 in the morning give it a thumbs up if you didn't give it a thumbs down if you want to support the channel you can do so at patreon.com slash linuxcast we're really looking forward to our first patreon if that ever happens. If you want to support the channel for free hit the subscribe button we really do appreciate it. We do linux type videos, false related videos almost every day of the week. We also do a podcast every sunday and that'll be coming back in early january with me and martin so we'll see you then thanks for watching.


Greetings and welcome to the Introduction to Astronomy. In this lecture, we will talk about astronomy of the last hundred years. What has happened and what have we learned over the last hundred years? Note that I will have some lectures like this that are considered enrichment lectures, meaning that they do not tie directly into the class itself or to the textbook. I often use these in discussions or for other parts of the class or for just for students who want to learn a little bit more about certain topics. So let's go ahead and get started and we will start just talking a little bit about that astronomy has changed and we have learned so much more about stars and galaxies and planets over the past hundred years. So many things that we know today that we had no idea about just a hundred years ago. General relativity is an example, something we won't talk about here, but it's only a little over a hundred years old when general relativity was first published and that is our current understanding of gravity. So we are going to look over the coming slides a little bit more detail about what we have learned over the last hundred years. So let's start off in 1923 which as this is recorded is about a hundred years ago and that's when Edwin Hubble made observations of the Andromeda galaxy pictured here and found variable stars in it, Cepheid variables that he could use to determine the distance and that allowed him to determine that it is a galaxy like our own Milky Way. Now before that there was a great debate between astronomers as to whether these spiral nebulae were part of our own galaxy or galaxies of their own and here we find out for the for sure for the first time that these are indeed galaxies just like ours. A couple of years later Cecilia Payne-Gaposhkin pictured here did some calculations to determine that hydrogen is the most common element in stars and therefore in the universe. Before this we figured that the stars would be made up of the same things we have here on earth and we find that no that is not true that her calculation showed us that no hydrogen is actually the most common element. And then in 1929 Edwin Hubble gave us the idea that the universe was expanding. He made measurements to show that the universe the galaxies are expanding and all of the galaxies the most furthest ones are receding faster. So we had the idea previously that the universe was static now we had that the universe was actually changing and expanding over time. As we move into the 1930s we see Clyde Tombaugh here the discovery of Pluto now one of the five dwarf planets known in the solar system. So that was the last time at this point at that point it was the last time a planet had been discovered and of course now that is no longer classified as a planet. Now a few years later Carl Jansky built the first radio telescope detecting radio waves from space and opening up the field of radio astronomy. This is important because it's a new view on the universe a new way to see the universe through a different type of electromagnetic radiation. Similar to this everything had been simply visible light. In 1933 we had the idea that a neutron star that would form in a supernova collapse and at the center of something like the Crab Nebula here a neutron star could form where all of the material in an atom is pushed into the nucleus and therefore crushed together under enormous pressures. Now while this was the theory of it the actual detection of it will not come for another few decades. And Hans Bethe gave us the method that describes how stars are powered through hydrogen fusion into helium atoms and that was how the stars were getting their energy. It was 1938 that we learned how the stars got their energy and were powered. Before that there were various methods that were considered but this was the one that we have that finally has stood the test and now we understand that this is how stars like the sun produce their energy. Now as we move forward a little bit more let's look at the 1940s after World War II now the completion of the Palomar 200 inch telescope which was the largest telescope in the world for over three decades and of course now we have many larger telescopes than this but this was still a tremendous accomplishment and the very largest telescope for 30 years. Jumping ahead almost another decade we start to head into the space age and Sputnik 1 is was launched launching the first satellite into space and that followed closely on just a couple of years later Luna 2 and Luna 3 explored the moon one crashing crashing into the surface a Luna 2 and the other imaging the far side of the moon as seen here for the first time in human history it was the first time we had ever seen the distant side of our nearest neighbor in space because the moon always keeps one side locked toward earth. In 1961 we had the first humans to orbit the earth here is the memorial for that and we're beginning in again the details of the space age and detailed exploration of planets from beyond just earth. So in 1962 we had the first craft to visit another planet think about that just a few years after the first satellite was put into orbit we already sent the first craft to another planet when Mariner 2 flew by Venus. Then in 1962 Martin Schmidt discovers quasars that are actually active galaxies now quasars were known but they were thought they could be stars they were star like objects and now that we knew that they were actually distant active galaxies we know that they are the most distant objects known in the universe. In 1965 panzias and Wilson discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation using the telescope shown here to find the remnant of the big bang that created the universe. In 1966 we find the Luna 9 spacecraft gave us the first soft landing on the moon so the first time a soft landing occurred on the moon and other times we crashed into the surface this was the first time we landed softly preparing the way for manned missions coming up in just a couple of years. By 1967 we see Jocelyn Bell pictured here discovering the first pulsar which was that neutron star we discussed a little while ago rotating very rapidly at the center of the crab nebula. The first manned flight to the moon 1968 giving us this image looking out back from around the moon not on the surface yet but around the moon looking back toward earth then in fact seeing earth as in as going through phases just as the moon does as seen from earth. A year later we had the first manned landing on the moon Apollo 11 landing on the moon here showing the lunar lander the American flag up there in the distance and some of the equipment being set up here. Now coming into the 1970s we had the Uhuru satellite the first chance to look at X-rays from space so we had visible light for a long time then we added in the ability to look in the radio waves and now getting up above the atmosphere we can see X-rays and also in the 1970s starting the satellites so this is the salute 1 the first space station that was launched into that was launched to study the universe from space. Now later on into the 1970s we had the identification of Cygnus X-1 a well known binary star system consisting of a massive star and a dark unseen object and it was identified and confirmed as a black hole in 1972. Now in 1975 we had the first image of the surface of Venus seen from the Venera 9 spacecraft which landed on the surface and you can see a portion of that surface in our image here. Also landing on an object 1976 you can see looking somewhat similar to Venus but definitely some significant differences as well and that is the Viking lander on the surface of Mars looking for the possibility of some kind of life there. The following year Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were launched to explore the outer solar system so we've seen some studies of our moon Venus and Mars here now heading out to look at the outer solar system but before they got there actually we discovered that Uranus had rings that same year and they would be studied in more detail by the Voyager 2 spacecraft when it reached the planet Uranus. In the late 1970s we had the discovery of dark matter or at least the confirmation of dark matter that we had learned that some material was missing from galaxies that there was more mass there than could be accounted for by the light and other energy being admitted and emitted everything that we could see. Now we also again expanding in our studies we have studied the IRAS satellite to study the universe in the infrared so studying out there looking again at another part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Over the next couple of years in the later 1980s we visited Uranus and Neptune exploring two more planets in the outer portion of the solar system and as we'd seen an image of Venus from the surface previously but Venus cannot be mapped from outside so at least not invisible light but map of Venus by the Magellan spacecraft being fully mapped by radar in 1990. Now continuing on into the 1990s we see the launch of Hubble Space Telescope to explore the universe in visible light from up above the atmosphere and getting above the blurring effects of our atmosphere. Also another satellite in 1992, Kobe the cosmic background explorer detecting ripples in the background radiation of the universe telling us something about the earliest structures beginning to form after the Big Bang. That same year we had the first confirmed detection of an exoplanet meaning a planet outside of our own solar system. Up until this time we only knew of the planets within our solar system and while we suspected others might exist this was the first confirmation of one of these. In 1998 we had the construction beginning on the International Space Station shown here with its solar panel arrays for energy and different modules set up within the International Space Station in a low earth orbit to conduct scientific experiments from space. That same year we discovered dark energy. Dark energy was something that was found to accelerate the expansion of the universe so we expected that the universe would start off with a Big Bang and then slowly slow down as gravity pulled on objects. But what we find is that things are actually accelerating and things are moving faster and faster and that that acceleration will continue and the universe will continue to accelerate its expansion. Now moving on into the 2000s we discovered Eris. Eris was discovered in the outer solar system so we see that here pictured in its moon not easy to see from earth. In 2006 we came up with the classification of a dwarf planet, a formal definition of a planet which is where Pluto's classification got changed and we now have several of these that are actually classified as dwarf planets Pluto, Eris, Makemake and Homea and others which may be classified as dwarf planets as well. There are currently five dwarf planets known.  We had one of the first confirmations, one of the first visual evidence of a black hole seen in this case a flare around a black hole. So we're getting more and more detailed understanding of how black holes have occurred and more understanding of those. And we're going to see in 2013 an extrasolar asteroid, meaning that it is an asteroid not part of our solar system but from another solar system that traveled in to our system. So it was ejected out of its system as much material is ejected out of our own solar system when it formed and another traveled in to just happened to travel in to our solar system. Moving on we had the exploration of Pluto by the New Horizons spacecraft giving us great detailed images that are still being studied of the distant dwarf planet. So in 2015 we had the very first detection of gravitational waves from two coalescing black holes and the gravitational waves occur when objects are moving, when any object with mass is moving. But the gravitational waves are strongest when that object moves fastest. So we need very high mass objects to be able to detect these very weak gravitational waves and the first confirmed detection of them was in 2015, nearly 100 years after they were predicted by Einstein in his General Theory of Relativity. Again in 2015 the first confirmed Earth-like planet found to exist in the habitable zone of a star. So finding more planets that may be habitable. Existing in a habitable zone doesn't mean it is habitable, simply that it's going to be at the right distance for liquid water to be able to be present on the surface. In 2017 another source of gravitational waves from a neutron star collision was detected first of all in gravitational waves but was able to be observed invisible and other wavelengths as well. So continuing the new field of gravitational wave astronomy. Now as we come into the current, more current things, we have 2019 the event horizon telescope gave us this image of the black hole at the center of a galaxy known as M87. And we see the shadow of the event horizon of the black hole there along with material around that black hole. In 2020 Osiris Rec seen here collecting a sample of the asteroid Bennu comes down, grabs that material, sprays that material up which is then captured and then is going to return that to Earth and that is scheduled for the later part of 2023. In 2021 we also had the Ingenuity Helicopter flying on Mars that came with the Perseverance rover and that was our first time trying to fly through the atmosphere of another object. So not just going through to land but actually traveling through to look, take off, take images and be able to study. Now of course getting up above the ground makes things travel a lot easier than it is with the rovers that have to worry about obstacles. So a chance to have a different way to be able to explore objects. And then in 2022 we had the Dart mission and that was an impact on an asteroid or actually the satellite of an asteroid to try to change its path and it was considered a planetary defense mission that could we actually change this and it was found that we did change the orbit by about half an hour by the impact of a spacecraft on a much larger asteroid. So perhaps in the future we would be able to redirect an asteroid that was coming toward Earth. So that gets us up almost up to date and what we'll see summarize here.  We didn't really understand galaxies or what they were or how stars worked. Those are things that we talked about in this lesson. The space age gave us a revolution in discoveries in astronomy and who knows what is coming next and what will be that next big discovery. So that concludes this lecture on a century of astronomy. We'll be back again next time for another topic in astronomy. So until then have a great day everyone and I will see you in class.