Today, we're in John chapter 7. We're going to look at verses 37 through 39. And so, let me begin reading at verse 37. I'll read to verse 39 and we'll get into our study. Living water. On the last day, that great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried out, saying, If anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink. He who believes in me as the Scripture has said, Out of his heart will flow rivers of living water. But this he spoke concerning the Spirit whom those believing in him would receive for the Holy Spirit was not yet given because Jesus was not yet glorified. The Holy Spirit had not fallen, Pentecost had not occurred. Jesus had not died on the cross, had not been resurrected, ascended to heaven and had yet to send the Holy Spirit. So verse 39 simply tells us this is a word that is spoken in a prophetic sense concerning what would take place when he sent the Holy Spirit. So let's build this up right now. Let's lay out a context for us to understand what's taking place. And then I'm going to lead to those verses and seek an application for us today as we conclude our study. So beginning with the context and the introduction, Jesus is now celebrating one of the seven major feasts of the nation of Israel. The nation of Israel celebrated seven specific major feasts. And this particular feast is called the Feast of Tabernacles. And Tabernacles was celebrated in memorial of Israel's deliverance from Egypt. And it was a celebration of the end of the autumn harvest. And so that's the setting. It's the Feast of Tabernacles. During Jesus' time the Feast of Tabernacles was celebrated for eight days. In Leviticus you see in the Old Testament chapter 23 verse 36, for seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to the Lord. On the eighth day you shall have a holy convocation and you shall offer an offering made by fire to the Lord. It is a sacred assembly and you shall do no customary work on it. And so they were celebrating the Feast of Tabernacles, an eight day feast. And the purpose of the feast is basically twofold. One it was to remind Israel how they had dwelt in booths as they were journeying from Egypt. They had no place to live yet. They were wandering so they dwelt in booths. And in Leviticus the Bible tells us in chapter 23 verse 43 that God told Moses the reason for the feast. He said that your generations may know that I made the children of Israel to dwell in booths when I brought them out of the land of Egypt. So God wanted Israel to remember that he brought them out of Egyptian bondage. And Tabernacles reminded them that he can release them from bondage as well as from chaos. Now that we know is perfectly fulfilled in the Lord Jesus Christ because he sets us free and he delivers us from bondage, from chaos. He delivers us from sin and he delivers us from death. And so one it reminded them how they dwelt in booths but also it was to celebrate the end of the harvest. This final harvesting of crops actually typifies the resurrection of believers in the Lord Jesus Christ. So the Jews would make booths out of palm tree fronds and the boughs of leafy trees and they would carry branches of the trees as they entered into the temple. And they took that from Leviticus 23 verse 40 you shall take for yourselves on the first day the fruit of beautiful trees, branches of palm trees, the boughs of leafy trees and willows of the brook and you shall rejoice before the Lord your God for seven days. Well on the last day of the feast the people would have what is called a holy convocation. They would gather in the inner temple court. They were in front of the altar of sacrifice. The people would be divided into three sections. There would be those who remained for the morning sacrifice. Some would build a canopy of palm fronds for the altar of sacrifice and others would join a procession led by the priest and they went down to the pool of Siloam which is to the south in order that they might draw water. Every time we go to Israel we go to this particular pool, the pool of Siloam. And so we have Bible studies there and so they would go there and the priest would draw some water with a golden pitcher. It was filled with two pints of water and they would bring it back in procession to the inner temple. In the morning the priest would go to the pool of Siloam, he would draw that water and that water was to remind them that God provided water for them when they were in the wilderness. You see when the children of Israel left Egypt they were journeying through the wilderness for 40 years. In the book of Exodus in chapter 17 verses 1 through 6 it says, all the congregation of the children of Israel set out on their journey from the wilderness of sin according to the commandment of the Lord and they camped in Refideem but there was no water for the people to drink. Therefore the people contended with Moses and said, give us water that we may drink and Moses said to them, shut up. No Moses said to them, he probably wanted to. Why do you contend with me? Why do you tempt the Lord? And the people thirsted for water and the people complained against Moses and said, why is it that you brought us up out of Egypt to kill us and our children and livestock with thirst? So Moses cried out to the Lord saying, what shall I do with this people? They are almost ready to stone me. And the Lord said to Moses, go on before the people, take with you some of the elders of Israel, also take in your hand your rod with which you struck the river and go. Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock and orb and you shall strike the rock and water will come out of it that the people may drink and Moses did so in the side of the elders of Israel. The water, the water reminded them of God's provision and also for God's gracious provision for rain. Israel, when you go to Israel, you'll see this, is a very dry and thirsty land. It has no main water source. The Jordan River is small and during the summer it's so shallow and thin. I don't know what the word would be, it's not much distance between one shore to the next that you can almost jump over it in some sections. Just leap right over, it's very small. The children of Israel had come out of Egypt when they were in bondage and Egypt is a main water source for the Egyptians. But when God brought the children of Israel out of Egyptian bondage and brought them to Israel, he told them, I'm going to provide water for you to drink from the clouds of the sky. You're going to drink rainwater because the Jordan River there isn't sufficient, was not sufficient like the Nile to provide that kind of water for them. So he said, the water from the sky, the rain is going to be a symbol of my grace.  You'll depend on me through your seasons and never forget who I am. You see, in Deuteronomy 10, that's what it says.  The land which you cross over to possess is the land of hills and valleys, which drinks water from the rain of heaven, a land for which the Lord your God cares. The eyes of the Lord your God are always on it from the beginning of the year to the very end of the year. The rain, even to this day, by the way, for the Jew is a symbol of God's gracious provision for them. And when they go through drought, they actually get greatly concerned because they know that they cannot survive without the rain from God. So it's extremely important for survival. You can die if you don't drink water. You can die within a week. So worshipers would accompany the priest. They would march in a procession. They carried branches. They returned to the temple as the morning sacrifices being offered. It's one of those processions that's joyous. The people were singing. There was music playing. It was just filled with dancing. We've seen that too when we've been in Israel. There are days when they're going to be having bar mitzvahs. And we've had processions of the young boys that are being entered into their bar mitzvah. And they come by, and they're shouting, and they're cheering, and they're clapping, and they're going to the western wall, and they're singing. And so we've seen these processions, and they're very joyful. And so this was taking place. They entered through what is called the Water Gate, and they were reciting Scripture. And one Scripture that was associated with the Holy Spirit being poured out on Israel was recited. They had 12 verses 3 where it says, Therefore with joy shall you draw water out of the wells of salvation. And so there they are reciting and singing Scripture. The priest is carrying the water to the altar. The worshipers are holding palm branches. They're singing what is called the Halal, Songs of Praise. They're singing from Psalm 113 to Psalm 118, and they enter the court. And as they enter into the court, you have to picture it in your mind's eye. They begin to shout, and they begin to raise the branches towards the altar. And the priest begins to pour out the water into a funnel there on the side of the altar. And as he's doing so, the people begin to shout for him to raise his hand. They want to make sure that he pours the water into the silver funnel, and not a single drop is wasted. And as he's beginning to pour the water out, the people begin to sing. Psalm 118 verse 1, O give thanks to the Lord. Psalm 118 verse 25, Take now, O Lord, I pray. O Lord, I pray, send prosperity. And so you can see this is taking place. And it's not difficult to figure out what part of the ceremony Jesus now interrupts. God is answering their prayer, even though they're simply singing as a ritual. And as this is about to take place, as they're pouring the water and the people are beginning to sing, O Lord, I pray, send prosperity. At that moment, verse 37, Jesus stood and he cried out. And he cried, if anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink. He who believes in me, as the scripture has said, out of his heart will flow rivers of living water. Now notice, I'm going to take this apart for you now, and we're going to look at it in a moment, make some application. But I want you to notice this first. Notice how it says Jesus stood. So when Jesus stands, remember I've shared with you that a rabbi would normally sit with his disciples while he taught. But now Jesus is standing so that all can see him, and he's shouting so all can hear him. In verse 37, when it says he cried out, that word cried, he cried out, carries the connotation of a loud cry, but it also carries the potential for emotion. So he's not just shouting, there's a passion in his voice as he's crying out. He's crying out with emotion, and he's issuing an invitation. And notice what he says. If anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink. That is an invitation. If anyone, if anyone, anyone has an inclination, if anyone has a desire, if anyone has this thirst, let him come to me. So he's calling to anyone and issuing an invitation. It's like what it says in Isaiah 55 verse 1. Come, all you who are thirsty, come to the waters. Or Isaiah 44-3, I will pour water on him who's thirsty, floods on the dry ground. I will pour my spirit on your descendants, my blessing on your offspring. He's issuing an invitation. That invitation he's giving then applies to us now. If anyone thirsts, let him come unto me and drink. It's an invitation for the thirsty soul. It's an invitation for the person who is busy being religious but still unfulfilled. Because these people are doing the religious ritual thing, who's to judge their hearts, but they're still thirsty. And so he's making it clear as you're watching him pour that water, that water, well, we'll have to do this ritual again. But if you come to me and drink, you'll never thirst again. Your ritual religion will never satisfy your thirsty soul. This is a religious festival. This is occurring during a time of great celebration. So what does that show us? It shows us it's possible to be part of a religious celebration and still be completely dry inside. You can come to an Easter service. And I think that on Easter there's just a very special, special anointing on Easter services. I really do. I think Christmas and Easter, but especially Easter when we're celebrating the resurrection of Christ. And people will come to church and churches are packed out. Our church is packed out on Easter Sunday, especially pulling out extra chairs everywhere. And the worship for some reason always seems to be a little more anointed in some ways, doesn't it? I mean there's a lot of joy, a lot of celebration. There's a lot of that. There's a lot of people that weep during Easter services all. It moves them so much. I've seen that so many times in our own fellowship. It's just an exciting, wonderful time. And yet I give invitations and people get saved. Why? Because they were thirsty. Even in the midst of a celebration, guys, even in the midst of a church service with people who are singing praises to God, they may themselves even be looking at the words on the screen singing along with it. And sometimes very openly and heartily and all of that. But they're still empty. It's very easy, guys. It's very easy to become ritualistically Christian, to be religious on the outside, to do the right kind of thing, and yet to be empty inside. It is possible to participate in a church service, but your spirit is still dry and it's still thirsty. You see sometimes people substitute the spirit's work in their life. They substitute it with religious activity. And religious ritual is empty. It doesn't satisfy you. It doesn't quench your thirst. If we only trust in outside religion, we will be spiritually empty. That's because religion alone can't meet our deepest longings. What it does is it dresses up the outer man. It touches up our outside, but it doesn't speak to our inner person. It doesn't reach us in the innermost being. And so Jesus is saying that if anyone thirsts come to me and drink, and the thirsty soul will be satisfied in coming to me and believing in me, your deepest thirst will be forever quenched. It's like what we saw earlier in John 4.14, whoever drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst, but the water that I shall give him will become in him a fountain of water springing up into everlasting life. And so he's making a promise and he's giving an invitation. And he says that again, verse 37, if anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink, not to religion, not to religious faith, come to me and drink. And then he says, he who believes in me, as the Scripture has said, out of his heart will flow rivers of living water. Let me give you four applications to this. Four things that you can get from this. One, Jesus promised to satisfy man's spiritual thirst. Again, spiritual thirst is not satisfied in religious ritual alone. I wonder how many people in this church went to church as kids, maybe all your life, and still were unsaved. I wonder how many in this church. I was that way, perhaps you were too. Went to church on Sunday, did the religious rituals, whatever your church demanded you did. Me, I was a Catholic. So I did the religious ritual of that particular branch of faith. And I got my baptism, got my confirmation, you know, my Holy Communion. I did those things, and I went to church. I went regularly until I was 13 years old. I got my confirmation, but my life was not changed. There was nothing about me that would make you think I was a Christian. But if you talk to me, I would have told you I was one because I'd been baptized, because I had received communion, because I did the sacrament of penance and because I had been confirmed. And so I would have told you I'm a Christian, just not practicing the way I will one day. I would have told you that. And I did say that when people would speak to me about religion. But I was a ritual believer. I believed in certain rituals, but I didn't have relationship with him. Religion always keeps you just trying thirsty. It never satisfies. So he promises, Jesus promises to satisfy your spiritual thirst. He will quench it. In Colossians in chapter 2 verses 16 and 17, Paul said it like this. He said, Let no one judge you in food or in drink or regard in a festival or a new moon or Sabbaths, which are a shadow of things to come. But the substance is of Christ. These are only shadows. They're not the real thing. Jesus is the real thing. One, Jesus promises to satisfy your spiritual thirst. Two, he promises that he will satisfy your deepest inner need. I was taught when I first got saved that Jesus Christ would quench my deepest spiritual thirst, my deepest inner longing. He would refresh me. And I was taught that my faith in Christ, that by faith in Christ my life could have evidence of his residence within me, that he would transform me and that the habits of the flesh could be put to death, regarded as dead, that sin would no longer have dominion over me and that I could have a satisfying life. Am I saying that the day I got saved I became completely mature? One day I was David Rosales. The next day I was Billy Graham. No, what I'm saying is that I began a journey towards transformation that began by receiving Christ and the daily refreshing of the Holy Spirit that enabled me as a young kid to begin to grow into maturity. And I was told that the Holy Spirit is still active in people's lives and that he could fill me and that he could work within me. And so when I got saved I was introduced to expectation to know that God would work deeply within me and transform me. I came to know that because Jesus satisfies your inner need, the deepest ones that you have. I remember when my wife Marie was baptized in the Holy Spirit. We were at a woman's retreat and Marie obviously was at the woman's retreat. I went and I was in a cabin there as she was with the ladies and Randy Walls who was one of my assistants at the time was with me and a couple of others. And Marie came into the cabin after their evening service and June Hesterly, a very dear saint we love very much, June had given the evening teaching and Marie comes walking in and I'll never forget that. And she's very excited. She says, I was baptized in the Holy Spirit today. You see when she was first saved I'll tell a little story if you don't mind. It's story time. Relax. Here we go. When we first got saved I took her to a Pentecostal church called Melody Land. I wonder if any of you have even heard of it. How many of you have heard of it? Just a few of you have Melody Land. She hadn't been baptized. And so they had a Sunday night baptism and I took her and we weren't married yet. And Marie was raised in a very devoted Catholic home. Her mother, very devoted Catholic. I mean so devout that when Marie was asleep her mom would come in with holy water and sprinkle it on her. And she was that way. And so very devout and now Marie's dating this Protestant which didn't really set well with mom at all. Now I'm taking Marie to church and Marie comes home with her hair dripping wet because she got water baptized and I still remember when she was baptized that the fellow that performed the baptism or did the follow-up, I forget which was started saying to her, speaking tongues, speaking tongues, speaking tongues. Marie had no clue what he was talking about and then he started making some sounds and it really was more unnerving than anything and she wanted just to get out of the water.  She's going to freak out and so I turned to her and I said do you want me to go in with you? She says no and I said okay and I left and I got out of there. I'm burning rubber down the street. I'm out of here. Her mom freaked out on her got so upset at her over that that's when she was baptized with water. So that kind of turned her off to the work of the power of the Holy Spirit in her life so a couple of years later we're married now, we're at a retreat and June Hesterly prayed for her and I still remember when Marie came walking into the cabin how she said I speak in tongues now I speak in tongues and she actually was gifted by the Lord not everybody speaks with tongues by the way I'll show you that in just a minute but she received the gift of tongues and change and there was a power that came upon my wife that's what Jesus is talking about he's talking about us having water within us that's a water of life and that religion itself doesn't produce that there's a faith in Christ if you believe in him out of your belly shall flow rivers of living water this he spoke of the Holy Spirit who was yet to come but that's what he was promising that his power would be in you that his power would be resident within you that the thirst of your soul would be quenched and that Jesus would be the one who satisfies you because he's the fountain of living water and he's saying this I can fill your empty soul I can quench your spiritual thirst well how can I have this because I do have a thirst how can I have this well he says it in verse 38 if anyone believes in me he doesn't say if anyone works to get to know me he says if anyone believes in me so I come to him and I ask and I believe him and I take him at his word in Luke 11 verses 11 through 13 he said if a son asks for bread from any father among you will he give him a stone or if he asks for a fish will he give him a serpent instead of a fish or if he asks for an egg will he offer him a scorpion if you then be an evil know how to give good gifts to your children how much more will your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him there are still church methodologies that put so many stumbling blocks and obstacles before you you have to pray for an hour you need to do certain things you need to be baptized with the Spirit Jesus didn't say will not your heavenly Father give you the Spirit if you ask him it's a matter of saying Father Father I am thirsty my soul is parched and I need your living water again I was introduced to that when I first got saved I've been asked by people recently more than once how is it that you've remained faithful to the Lord as a Christian for all of these years and I never realized the number of years that I have been following the Lord I never really think about it I only recently have begun to think about it how have you stayed faithful almost 49 years to the Lord the power of the Holy Spirit the power of the Holy Spirit because he quenches your deepest inner longing he fills you with his presence and he refills you refreshes you daily as you open your heart to him as you wake up in the morning and you say Lord the days before me fill me with your spirit I want to live for you today I hunger for you and I thirst for you and I desire you I want to serve you and I've been doing that now for many many many years daily God I just want to serve you I want to follow you God I just want to be used by you fill me with your presence Jesus said if anyone thirsts let him come to me and drink he who believes in me as the scripture is said out of his heart will flow rivers of living water and a fourth thing notice this out of his heart will flow rivers of living water God intends to use us to encourage others to give him the spirit he satisfies our soul but we overflow to other people you see by the power of his spirit we minister to those who are thirsty in Revelation 22.17 the spirit and the bride say come let him who hears say come whoever is thirsty let him come whoever wishes the water of life if you're thirsty come if you wish to come and take of it take of it the water of life so I'm going to show you some things in a moment but I'll begin that by saying in verse 39 but this he spoke concerning the spirit whom those believing in him would receive for the Holy Spirit was not yet given because Jesus was not yet glorified Pentecost had yet to occur you see at Pentecost the Holy Spirit fell upon the 120 and they were empowered they were baptized by the Holy Spirit and they were empowered and this water of life this power of the Holy Spirit began to flow through the disciples and that power continues to flow to this day you see when the Holy Spirit begins to work in you there is fruit that is demonstrated by your life the power of the Holy Spirit and the presence of the Holy Spirit becomes evident in the way that you live in the things that you do and I was thinking about this today I was thinking what is the evidence that I've been that a person has been baptized by this Holy Spirit let me share a few things with you of course this isn't intended to be a thorough explanation of his works and our lives but there are things that you'll see and I want to highlight these things because if I were being interviewed and somebody were to be asking me what do I see is a weakness in the church and I don't like to be always pointing out the weaknesses of the church but as a pastor I have concerns I should I'm supposed to that's what we do we have concerns for people if we don't then we're really not shepherds at all are we we're just hirelings when you love the Lord and you love his people you're going to be concerned for not only your own self you're going to take care of your own life but you're also going to be concerned for others so if somebody asked me what do I see lacking in the church today I would say this I would say the power of the Spirit I would say that in many churches the body of Christ and I want to be an encouragement to us tonight I want to be an encouragement to you I don't want to come off in a condemning way and I know that it can because I feel so fiercely about this that it can forgive me if it comes off that way but it is something in my heart that's very real I believe that if somebody to say we're to say Pastor David you've been around for a while what is it that's different about the church today than when you first got saved I would say that I believe that a lot of people are trying to live for Jesus in their flesh and not by the power of the Spirit Marie and I had a great opportunity I took a week off that's a nice thing to do once in a while and I took a week off last week we went and spent three days with Mike and Sandy McIntosh Mike's been around for a long time and he's a very dear friend of mine and Sandy's very dear friend of Marie's and we're close as a couple and all so they invited us to come and spend a couple days with them so we did and it was just it was fun Mike's been around for a long time Mike's been a Calvary Chapel Minister for a very long time he planted a church in San Diego back in the early 70s and started with seven people in a year they had a thousand people his church continued to grow they birthed well over a hundred churches from his ministry and he's retired from full-time ministry a few years ago but he still goes out and does work serves the Lord and when my first was a pastor in the church he would be one of the speakers very often that spoke at the pastors' conferences and he influenced me tremendously by the stories of faith that he had to share with us and there's so many stories I'll give you just one as an example and then go on with this he was sharing how that he was in Uganda many years ago now in the early 80s and while in Uganda he was doing some ministry with some of the some of the guys from his church he was very dangerous even then very dangerous to the point where they were going through a small village when there was they could hear gunfire and there were there were actually guerrilla military personnel that had entered into the small village and were beginning to kill the people in the village and Mike was in that village and he said he and one other guy were trying to find a place of escape because they were coming in and killing people and a door opened up and a man told him and his friend to come in and they came into the house and the man closes the door and he says you've got to get out of here because they're going to come to this door and as Mike says as he was stepping through one of the small rooms there you heard the door of this man's little kind of like a hut it was kicked open and then he said I hear the the AK-47 and as he slaughtered the people in the house and he said I knew for sure I was dead and they got out the back door and they began to make their way through a small dirt alleyway he says and there's all these soldiers running to and fro and we're so afraid he said we're going to die he said and we're hiding behind a car and we look at the bumper of this car and this you have to be an old timer I don't know if you know this one but Greg Laurie was an artist I don't know if you know this maybe some of you do maybe you don't Greg Laurie and Kathy are artists and Greg came up with a cartoon figure called Ben Born Again and he had a living water bumper sticker that we used to have on our cars Mike was in Uganda hiding behind a car Ben Born Again bumper sticker on it and he says it was like the Lord saying I'll take care of you and on there he's told a story after story yes obviously he got away because I was at his house the other day but story after story after story and we were talking amongst ourselves about what made the early days of our walk with God so unique so I'm sharing with you it was the power of the Holy Spirit it was it listen we didn't go to Bible studies and then find a place to drink coffee afterwards not that that's bad I don't think it is frankly but what we did is we would go to Bible studies regularly more than once a week and we would stop at a house one of the guys houses we would sit on the carpet hold hands pray we would talk about what we learned that night amongst us we would sing songs and we'd share testimonies that was my life that was my early days and then I'd go to bed and I would read several chapters of the Bible and I would go through it and that was my beginning of my spiritual life and that wasn't unusual we were Jesus freaks that's what we were Jesus wasn't our ritual religion he was our everything like what Paul said for me to live is Christ it wasn't part of my life Christianity wasn't something I did a couple times a week it was who I am every day it was my life being changed from being in drugs and alcohol and all the rest to a brand new life of talking about Jesus Christ with people and I knew and I learned early that I could become dry so I need to be filled I need to receive and be filled and pursue it has to be daily it has to be my daily life so if you thirst Jesus said it starts from inside of you is there a thirst in you is there something inside of you that says God I just want to know you and people today to be afraid of becoming fanatics and weird and crazy guess what that's what they called us that's what they spoke of us and said we weren't out there running around being crazy we weren't we were just being changed and the people who said those hippies they'll amount to nothing those hippies are just their loss they're useless they don't work they don't cut their hair some of those stinky smelly lazy hippies became some of the most influential pastors in the United States because our lives were changed their lives were changed from crazy men like Raul who would beat everybody up just to start the day from guys like Mike McIntosh who thought half of his head was gone because someone had fired a pistol next to his ear and he thought that half his head was gone and he went to Chuck and said could you pray for me half of my head is gone and Chuck prayed for him and he was healed and he went out to do great works so many I could begin mentioning men you know that God grabbed hold of and it wasn't because they became Calvary Chapel it was because they were filled with the Holy Spirit it's because the Holy Spirit grabbed hold of people's lives and transformed us then we were hungry for him we were thirsty for him that's called Christianity that's what it is it isn't putting on ritual that's what Jesus is addressing it was living with God in the center of their being in the core of their being it was the power of the Holy Spirit and he changes us and what does he do well when you read the book of Acts I'll give you a few things one, when you drink of this water he gives you the Holy Spirit power that you might be his witness you shall receive power after that the Holy Spirit has come upon you you shall be witnesses to me in Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria and unto the utmost parts of the earth you begin to share about Christ you begin to share about what he's done, who he is what he can do in somebody else's life we didn't in the early Jesus movement and again, please, I'm not waxing nostalgic I'm just trying to give context in the early movement in the early Jesus movement we celebrated the ministry of evangelists like Luis Palau Billy Graham and there were others like them not of the magnitude of Billy Graham but there were a lot of evangelists but we were taught evangelism we were supposed to do it we didn't rely on somebody else to go out and do it for us we did it ourselves because the Holy Spirit filled me and made me a witness that's how it works I think today we're forgetting that I think today we're starting to celebrate only one gift or one office the evangelists and we'll all go to see the evangelists, no, you are the evangelists you are you tell your parents you tell your friends your neighbors, it's you who does it it's you because you know them and when they give their hearts to Christ you disciple them you have relationship with them they may go hear a man like Greg or Luis or whomever they may go hear them but they know you they'll watch you you'll have an influence in them you're supposed to do that you shall be witnesses to me Jesus said that's you that's your work every member in this church is supposed to be a minister every member is a minister we all have things we can do for Christ and the Holy Spirit baptizes you you're his witness remember the same apostles who hid from the authorities when Jesus died they were hiding out of fear those same men became courageous their lives were changed and their message was delivered with boldness you see it through the book of Acts it's filled with examples of them preaching in Acts chapter 4 and verse 8 that verse speaks of Peter being filled with the Spirit and he says and he preached boldly and when he was told to stop speaking and he went on to say we cannot but speak the things which we've seen and heard we cannot help but do that and you're asking me to be quiet and I can't I was in a college class a secular college Cal Poly Pomona and we'd give an opportunity I would share and this guy I still remember this guy seated next to me finally turned to me after a few weeks of class I guess he'd gotten tired of me because he turned and he said to me can't you answer a question without quoting a scripture and I said no I said because I said you quote whatever source inspires you when the teacher calls upon you and you speak you quote whatever it is that inspires you I said I can't help it if I quote scripture because that inspires me and that's how it is out of you shall flow rivers of living water it's not something that you sit down and say okay give me a scripture it's not that way because Jesus said that he will give you words and wisdom that none of your enemies shall be able to gain, say, nor resist he said it is the spirit of your father who speaks and so what I learned to do a long time ago is just to relax and weigh on the Lord he'll give me something to say and I'll say it and that's what happens that comes through the power of the Holy Spirit a second thing we see if you've got the power of the Spirit in your life you have spiritual gifts he's the one who gives the gifts to believers as he determines including the gift of tongues acts chapter 2 verse 4 says they were all filled with the Spirit and began to speak with other tongues as the Spirit gave them utterance and so the gift of tongues is one of the gifts that God can give if you're interested in the gifts of the Spirit spend time looking in Romans chapter 12 verses 6 through 8 Corinthians chapters 12, 13 and 14 Ephesians chapter 4 first Peter chapter 4 they speak of spiritual gifting if you're interested in what gifts the Lord may have gifted you with or has gifted you with read those portions and say, God do I have this, is this what you've given to me and then when you discover them begin to exercise them a third thing that I see that happens when you're filled with the Spirit when the Spirit comes upon you and strengthens you as you become stable you desire teaching you expect God to move in Acts chapter 2 verses 42 through 47 they continued steadfastly in the apostles doctrine and fellowship in the breaking of bread and in prayer fear came upon every soul many wonders and signs were done through the apostles now all who believed were together and had all things in common sold the possessions and goods continued daily with one accord in the temple breaking bread from house to house they ate their food with gladness and simplicity of heart praising God and having favor with all the people and the Lord added to the church daily those who were being saved all of this took place because of the power of the Holy Spirit they were in the Word of God they were continuing steadfastly in fellowship there were things that were evidences if you've been filled with the Spirit those are going to be the things that become what you're known for stability a desire for teaching a faith filled expectation for God to move a generosity of heart a joy filled spirit these are the things you saw in the early church you might want to read Acts again and you'll see that here's another thing that probably can be addressed for just a moment through this today saying Lord what are the evidences here's another thing if a person is walking in the power of the Spirit is baptized in the Spirit is filled with the Spirit a fourth thing you lose your prejudices towards other people and you welcome them as family in other words the gifts of the Spirit operate through the fruit of the Spirit and the fruit of the Spirit is love when God is filling you you lose your prejudice and when you read the book of Acts chapter 10 it speaks of a man there by the name of Cornelius who was a centurion he was not a Jew he was from what is called the Italian regiment and he was praying and the Lord told him to go and called for a man by the name of apostle Peter and Peter was on a rooftop and he was in the hour of prayer he saw a vision he saw a sheet and it had all manner of animals on it they were all unclean and he heard the voice of the Lord speak to him rise Peter slay and eat and then the apostle Peter did the smartest thing he ever did he began to argue with God which he does oh no Lord I'm kosher I've never eaten anything unclean so he began to argue with God about it and God said don't call unclean so I've declared to be clean and as this is all going on Cornelius had sent some messengers to take and invite Peter to come to his house and Peter came to Cornelius's house and as he comes into the house of this man Peter Peter knew that it was not lawful for him to have fellowship according to the Jewish law to have fellowship with an unclean Gentile and when he was speaking to Cornelius well it says in Acts chapter 10 verses 34 and 35 that Peter opened his mouth and said in truth I perceive that God shows no partiality but in every nation whoever fears him and works righteousness is accepted by him you can't imagine what a revolutionary statement that was from Peter because Jews had no dealings with Gentiles they were unclean he would never go into the house of an unclean Gentile but he said God showed me that if he's declared this person to be clean then he's clean the power of the Spirit will break your prejudice it will break your prejudice and there are a lot of people who call themselves Christians who are prejudice can that happen even in this church? it has we had the Buchanan brothers here years ago doing some music and I had asked them you know sing because they sing in English and they sing in Spanish and I thought well sing just do what you do you know we've got a few people here who can speak Spanish or at least understand it or at least order so it's okay you know do what you do minister in song and the next day I got a note from a member of our church saying this is America speak English it broke my heart it broke my heart I guess Jesus doesn't understand Spanish speak English Jesus did does that make sense to you? when you're filled with the Holy Spirit even if you don't understand the words you get the sense of the song and you will raise your heart in adoration with those who understand the words it's true because we're worshiping the Lord together one of the things that we need to remember is we're one in Jesus Christ and when the Holy Spirit saves you there isn't a black a yellow a brown a white red there's us there is us and the church needs to come back to that the church needs to awaken to that because we have forgotten that and when you're walking in the power of the Holy Spirit you look past that color or that language or whatever it is and you see a person who's in need of Jesus Christ that's what you see that's one of the ways you can tell that you're walking in the Spirit that's one of the ways you can know because the Apostle Peter was not willing to go to this Gentiles house it's not lawful for me to have any fellowship with the Gentile but God has shown me that what he calls clean I'm not to call unclean and that's what brings the church together God help us because the Holy Spirit makes us one there's one baptism one spirit one body of Christ and if you want to know whether you're walking in the Spirit check your heart about your prejudices about the things that you carry within you you see when you're filled with the Spirit your life becomes evident that God is in you you're bold in your faith you discover spiritual gifts you learn to exercise them your life becomes disciplined you hunger for the Word and fellowship you become generous in your faith filled giving you make an impact on people you rejoice seeing people getting saved and you love and lose your prejudices the Spirit opens your eyes to see people as simply lost in the need of Christ and love becomes a thing that you're known for because love becomes your birthmark D. L. Moody said it like this I firmly believe that the moment our hearts are emptied of pride and selfishness and ambition and self-seeking and everything that is contrary to God's law the Holy Ghost will come and fill every corner of our hearts but if we are full of pride and conceit and ambition and self-seeking and pleasure and the world there is no room for the Spirit of God and I believe many a man is praying to God to fill him when he is full already something else that's true so Lord we say may I be empty of anything that keeps you from having full power in my life and God fill me with your Holy Spirit because I'm thirsty and I want to drink and I want that water to pour out of me so that people may come and drink too that's called Christianity and Jesus made that promise and we are here today because somebody listened to what he said and we got saved and I thank God every day for the faithful witnesses of those who walked in his Spirit but may we be faithful witnesses ourselves


Income tax 2022-2023. Personal use of dwelling including vacation home tax software example. Let's do some wealth preservation with some tax preparation. Here we are in our example form 1040 populated with LASERT tax software. You don't need tax software to follow along but it's a great tool to run scenarios with. You can also get access to the form 1040 related forms and schedules at the IRS website iris.gov iris.gov starting point single filer mr. Anderson 90210 Beverly Hills is where he lives no w2 income to start off with because we're going to focus in on the rental property 100 000 flowing in from the schedule e let's look at that flow through the schedule e over here supplemental income and laws from rental real estate etc etc and we're going to start off with a situation where 100 percent of the rental property is used.


What's up everybody, Jason here for Jaspy's Case Breaks.com. Last filler guys, this was given away the last seven spots in the Big Head Express. This is 2023 Panini Legacy Football. This is a one box break, random teams number 14. And again guys, do the break first, then at the end we'll re-randomize the customer names and top seven get in. So let's do the break first. Roll it. Two and a three five times. Good luck. One, two, three, four, five. Five, two, three, five, five. Chad down to Michael. Hahaha. He's gonna dream about the big hits you're about to get Tristan. Five, five, one, two, three, four. Panthers, Cowboys. All right, again, stick to what you got guys. Tristan got seven buddy. Hey! At the... I hope I can learn some more math. Well, that should be enough time. Might as well, I was doing another order. Steven Kendrick I think just sold it out at the last four. Sweet. So after Big Head Express we'll be doing the immaculate. And uh... Steven, you're gonna get 20 entries. Oh, we don't really do trades for this one, Tyrone. I was just giving you guys the time to see it because it's just a filler box. Ooh, might have an RPA. A little thicker card there. We have a Joey Porter Jr. to $2.99. Little Lamar Jackson number to $125. Little Minnie. Little Ravens. We have a grump for the Patriots of $2.49. Key rice. For the Kansas City Chiefs. Chiefs are under the lights out of $100. So that one obviously has a Kansas City logo on it. Got Joe Montanio, that is Chiefs edition. Another $150. Little Minnie, not numbered though. But Najee Harris, just the base actually backwards. We have a Cam Smith, South Carolina Gamecocks number to $50. We have a Cooper Cup. And I'll look up those two numbered, uh... Not NFL ones there. Like Joey Porter Jr. I forgot where he got drafted but... That's Joey Porter's son I think, right? And for the Giants, Julian Hyatt. Futures. Patch autograph there. Giants with that one. New York Giants. Jimmy on the board with that one.  So Joey Porter Jr., did he get drafted by the Steelers? Wow. He did get drafted by the Steelers. That's sick. And then the other one was Cam Smith. Uh, football Cam Smith. Uh, Miami Dolphins. So now let's do the giveaway guys. So this will be for the last seven spots in the Big Hit Express. So again, top seven get in. Let's roll. And it is a three and a five eight times. Good luck. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven. And eight times, eight, eight. Just missing that was Chad B all the way down to the cold. But let's see top seven. Chad B, first one out, first one in. Jimmy, Jimmy, Tristan, Chad, Michael and Craig. There you go. Top seven are in. Let's paste your guys' names in here. And again, guys, coming up next is going to breathe the break itself. So good luck everybody. Thank you.


Today I'm going to introduce our speaker. He did his undergraduate degrees here at the UW, then went to San Diego State for a master's degree and then came back to the UW to finish to do a PhD before going somewhere else to do a post-doc and then come back to sort of do another post-doc and then transition into a research position. So today he's going to be talking about this feature or a star referred to as Tabby's star. Alright, I'm going to talk about what I have dubbed the most mysterious star in the universe and you see a lot of headlines, especially about astronomers because we study the cosmos. You see a lot of headlines that are like, ah, scientists don't know or they're baffled or they're stupefied or whatever, a lot of ridiculous language about, thank you, you know, scientists not knowing things. And I want to just give you the punchline. We really don't know what the story with this star is. So I'm going to show you how we found it. I'm going to show you what we know about it. I'll show you some of the ridiculous theories that have come up and made lots of headlines and so you can, you know, tweet about that. And then I'll level with you and say at the very end again, we really don't know what the answer is. I'll give you our current best guess, which is literally the best guess as of a couple of months ago. And what's so awesome about this object is it's probably not something crazy like aliens, but whatever it is, it's new. And it's neat to have a data set that gives you something that's truly new. Not something that was theorized or there was a couple found in the 1800s. This is new. Okay. Let's go to half. Ah, there we go. Okay. So the story starts really in about 2009 when we started looking in great detail for extra solar planets. These are planets around other stars, right? Extra solar exoplanets. Planets. The goal is to find a little blue dot like this, which you might recognize, around a star that looks like this, which is a picture of our own sun. This is not the scale. Or you would be cooked like a microwave burrito. The old way, and this is old as in when I was a kid, the old way of finding, that works. The old way of finding extra planets was through the so-called radial velocity method. And maybe some of you have heard about this. The idea is that as the planet is orbiting its parent star, it puts a little tug of war on the star and causes it to wobble sort of in a little circle back and forth from your line of sight. And so when the star is moving towards you, the light that we see is blue shifted. And when it's moving away from us, it's red shifted. Now you are all familiar with this idea, the so-called Doppler method.  And as the ambulance goes away from you, the pitch goes down. This is the exact same property, but behaving with light, the Doppler effect with light. And this was known to work. Here is the very first detection of a planet. This is 1995, so not that long ago in terms about as old a detection as probably most people in this room. A Jupiter mass object orbiting a solar-type star. And this is the actual discovery, this little curve. So this is the light, this is the velocity, or the speed of the light getting redder and bluer and redder and bluer and on and on and on. It's folded here about its sinusoidal period. This has a velocity of 50 plus or minus 50 meters a second, something like 120 miles an hour. So any of you that have been on an airplane have gone faster than this. Probably maybe a couple of you who have been in a motor vehicle have gone faster than this. 120 miles an hour is fast, but not that fast. This is what a star, this is what we call the reflex motion of a star, moving back and forth from the sort of teeter-totter of a planet going around it. So we're not seeing the planet, we're seeing the star moving back and forth. This kind of detection is extremely hard to do and very expensive because you have to stare at a star and try to measure the change in the star's motion down to fairly slow speeds. Now if you want to, this is a Jupiter-sized thing, if you want to detect an earth you have to detect something that's moving about this fast. The actual entire star will move this fast. And if you want to detect an earth-like planet in an earth-like orbit, you have to measure something that's moving this fast over a year. And so this is a period of a few days, lending us to the term hot Jupiter. This is not quite the scale, but this is closer to scale where we have a Jupiter-sized thing that's sitting absurdly close to its parent star. So this thing orbits with a period of a couple days. So its year is a couple days. That's kind of ridiculous. This was totally unexpected in 1995. And so this discovery launched the era of exoplanet discovery, exoplanet searches. Now finding things like this is very expensive and slow and your sample is biased towards the absurd things like this, giant planets where they don't belong. Instead of Jupiter, out where it belongs we think, in the outer edge of the solar system. And so we need a method that is tuned to find earth-like planets where you don't have to wait and watch tiny little motions in velocity space. You want something that stands out in brightness. And that's where we get the transiting method. And this is what we're going to talk about for the rest of the talk here, the transiting method where a little planet crosses in front of its parent star. Now this is drawn to scale with a giant planet, this would be a very, very big planet. But you see the brightness of the star plotted here against time and if there were no planet it would just be flat.  And this is the magic that we're after, is looking for this little dip right here once a year around that star. Yeah okay, here's a cheesy animation version of that. That's some sweet graphics there. As the planet moves in front and you see a little dip in starlight, this is a little animation. This is not real data either. Let's go back to the, that's prettier. Now the bigger the planet is relative to the star, the deeper this transit is, right? That's pretty intuitive. Block more light from this star. You get a bigger dip right here. And conversely, the smaller the planet is, the smaller this dip is. To find something like the Earth, you'd want to find something about the size of this laser pointer crossing this star once a year. And the dip only takes about an hour and a half to cross. And so you have to stare. You don't know when this is going to happen. You don't know what hour and a half in the year this is going to happen. So you have to stare with an unblinking eye all year long at this star hoping to see a tiny little dip from a little dot crossing the surface. That's the goal. And so to do that in 2009, this is where our story really begins, NASA launched this spacecraft called Kepler. Kepler is about the size of a small bus, maybe a large truck. It's not a very big telescope. It's not as powerful as the Hubble Space Telescope. It was much cheaper than the Hubble Space Telescope, thankfully. And its job was to stare at one patch of sky, that patch of sky, for four years with an unblinking eye just staring, taking pictures every 30 minutes or so, every 30 minutes for four years. Now it's in space, right? You don't have to worry about the sun coming up or weather messing you up. You can't see the stars if there's clouds. This telescope just points at this patch of sky for four years. And it studies about 200,000 stars. Now why four years? Because if you only see one dip, you don't know what the orbital period is. You just knew that you see one dip. So you have to wait an entire year to see the second dip and say, ah, I think we found something at the right orbital period, but you have to find a third dip, a third dip, to prove that it is periodic. So you need three dips, and if you want to find an Earth-like planet, that means you need three years. And they built a little buffer in just in case they found things that were longer, four years. And that's what they did. Okay, here's a picture of the camera. This is based on the same technology that the camera in your iPhone is based on. In fact, the chips in your iPhone are direct descendants of the chips that these were built on. Only these are slightly larger. This camera at the time was the largest camera ever built and launched into space. And you can see that it's so big that you actually have to make it curved to account for the change in focal distance through the optics. So this is a really cool feat of engineering to build this giant camera. And then, of course, launch into outer space is no slouch either. A year later, or a year and a half later, January 2010, they showed the first results. And I was lucky enough to be there in Washington, D.C. I watched this talk, and it was one of those moments where you could just feel that the whole world had changed, that the whole field of astronomy and exoplanets had changed. Because they released the first images, the first data, and these five here are real data of transits. You can see these tiny little transits and little animations to scale of the planets that you would see. But again, this was the first year of data, actually the first few months of data. This is orbital periods of three days, three days, five days. This is not what we're looking for. You would not want to live in an orbit five days away from the sun. Mercury is 88 days, 80 odd days away from the sun in its orbital periods, 80 days from the sun. And it's a pretty toasty place to be. You don't want to live there. You don't even want to live at Venus, which is about 200 days orbit. We need to live out here where the weather is nice and we don't get cooked and we can hold on to an atmosphere, all those pleasant things that make life worth living. Out here at 300 or so odd days, 365 days, right? So five days is still really, really close. And these are still very big planets. This right here is starting to approach what we want. This is like a super earth, we would call it. It's bigger than earth, even though the scale is very small. It's bigger than earth, but that's what we're after. This is how we used to make pictures of the solar system 200 years ago. You would put a little crank on this and you'd turn the wheel and things would spin. You can imagine like here's Saturn, the moons that spin around. Here's Jupiter right here, things that spin around. This is called an aurory. This is the aurory, the digital version of the aurory from Kepler. This is an animation created by one of the grad students here at UW. Here we'll go to all off, just for the ooh-ah factor. This is an animation of about halfway through the mission, all of the planetary systems that Kepler had found to scale with the solar system. So you can see there's a few. So this outer ring here is, I forget, I think this ring is maybe earth's orbit. You can see most of these things are orbiting much, much tighter. Lots of things at a few-day orbits. Let's see, no, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, ah, that's Jupiter, there we go. And that must be Saturn. So that's pretty cool. Kepler was wildly successful. Kepler was able to find thousands of planets. Before Kepler we had a sample of planets, something like a few hundred. After Kepler we have now more than three, almost 4,000 planets that we've discovered, just from Kepler alone. Okay, Kepler, awesome. Thumbs up, tax dollars well spent, we discovered lots of planets, and there's tons of cool science that we set out to do. But that's not why I'm here today. I'm not here to talk about the cool things that we expected and I've been able to do. I want to talk about the weird things that Kepler found, the strange things, the things that make you go, wow. Here's a few of them. I thought, as a scientist, I thought this was really cool. Kepler-9 discovered early on, they numbered them in order in which they were discovered. So Kepler-9 was an early one. It was a multi-planet transiting system, which meant multiple planets, like our solar system, in this solar system around the star, many planets, and they had different orbital periods. There was a super-Earth at 1.6 days, that's too toasty. There was something else, they weren't sure how big it was, at about 20 days. And another planet at 38, 39 days. Okay, these are all really close. 39 days is still a lot shorter than 80. But what's cool is we can start to see they have different depths. So this one, you have to be as close as I am to see, there's a tiny little dip right here. But that's the Earth candidate. This one and this one, right? So this one is larger than this one. And what's cool is they don't exactly transit the star at the same place. So this graphic here is to scale. So if you were to zoom in with some imaginary giant telescope and look at a picture of the actual star, you can see that the nearby planet, the blue one, transits right across the middle, and these other two are kind of offset, just a little bit. So we get some sense of the geometry of the entire solar system. We know in our solar system all the planets, with the exception of Pluto, which is not a planet, but it's still kind of a planet, they all orbit in this flat plane. They all orbit along the same disk in the sky. And this is our first indication that there are other systems whose planes might be slightly misaligned. I think that's pretty cool. One of the more fun things that it found was circumbinary planets. This also was totally not predicted. So what we have here, artist rendition, we have here is two stars that are orbiting each other in some tight, we call this a binary system, a binary star system. And out here hanging out outside of those two stars would be a planet orbiting out here. That's kind of cool. This graphic is okay. This one is a little better. And this is like something you might be familiar with. And the idea that there would be two suns in the sky if you were on this planet. Okay, so I said it wasn't predicted, and by that I mean scientists didn't think this actually happened. This was the realm of like science fiction, like, oh, what if you had a planet around a binary star? Wouldn't that be cool? Nobody thought that the planet would actually be stable and could orbit there stably. And in fact, we found dozens of these, which is really neat. Now we haven't found any that were the right size. We haven't found any Tatooines in the sense that the ones we found have all been like Jupiter-sized things. And they haven't been in that sweet sort of Goldilocks zone, again that 365-day orbit where water is liquid and pleasant and your surface isn't just molten lava or just ice. They've all been out on sort of the ice end, where everything's way too cold. But there is some hope. Some hope. A new hope. Sorry. Here's something that I've worked a lot on. I think this is really cool. And we expected this, but we didn't expect it to be as fruitful as it was. Taylor was able to measure stars actually spinning, actually rotating. We know the sun rotates. Galileo was one of the first to actually observe this with a telescope, which of course I have to legally say, don't point a telescope at the sun because you will burn out your eyeballs. But if you put a really strong solar filter on that telescope, you can look at the sun. And if you go and look at the sun for days and days and days, you can actually see the surface turning. The sun turns about once every 25 days. And that's been known now for a few hundred years. But for Kepler, that measurement was very hard. Very few things you could measure on a star actually indicated it was rotating. Kepler is able to measure the rotation of little dark spots. Okay, this animation is grossly exaggerated, this big spot rolling in and out of view on a star. But you can see the brightness, or flux as we would say, changing as a function of time. So when the spot is away from you, it's bright. And when the spot rolls back into view, it gets faint, and the process begins again.  And here are just four actual pieces of data of Kepler data from the first month of data showing four different sine waves, or quasi-sine-like things. But this is actual data. Here's one rotating at about 10 days. Here's one like the sun at about 20 days. Here's one that's totally bizarre, which I spent a lot of my life working on, with a rotation period of about a day, 20 times faster than the sun. That's pretty wild. And it turns out when stars spin differently, cool things happen. Science happens. This I think is really neat. And then we found Tabby's star. This is the headline from the actual paper that was published in Nature. This was the 10th paper in the Planet Hunters paper series as they were titling it. This is the phone number, the Kepler input catalog number 8462852. Now we just call it Tabby's star, Tabitha Boyajian, or Boyajian star. It's probably more appropriate. And the title was really WTF. Because that is what the conclusion of the paper was.  So let's jump in. Oh, and cool to note. Daryl LaCourse, for example, is an amateur astronomer who lives, I think, in Everett.  We'll talk about that point again. But this star was discovered by just people, enthusiastic people who were by hand going through the Kepler data and looking at things and saying, what's that? What's this? What's that? And they finally got to one where Tabby was like, I don't know. And that's where it's been. OK, so this got a lot of press. The Atlantic gave it, I think, pretty reasonable coverage. The most mysterious star in our galaxy. That seems reasonable. In fact, that's what I titled this talk. I have spotted a strange mess of objects whirling around a distant star, maybe. Scientists search for extraterrestrial civilizations are scrambling to get a closer look, sort of. It got a Twitter account, and it got a Wikipedia page. So that was cool. So it's in the pop culture now. You can tweet at it. It will tweet back at you, which is kind of fun. And then other people covered it as well. And this is the publicity, as a scientist, you kind of worry about. On the one hand, universities tend to really like this, because people get excited and want to come to talks or want to donate money. And you get lots of publicity. On the other hand, it's kind of loony tunes. This graphic right here is showing something that looks like straight out of Star Wars. This spaceship, I don't know what this stars. Like there's another star and another star. I don't know what these are doing. And then there's the spaceship, which looks like it's kind of like out of Firefly. Right, like you worry about this because it's gonna give people the wrong impression. Then you're sitting on an airplane and be like, yeah, yeah, yeah, I'm an astronomer. I study the stars. Have you heard of this Kepler thing?  And you're like, ah, no, no, no, no. And then you spend the whole flight having to like walk people back from the flat earth. You worry about this kind of publicity, right? Here is the actual discovery. This is, I think, figure three from this paper. You can go download it. This is the actual discovery. All right, now think back to our model of a transiting exoplanet, right? The starlight is flat because the star is just doing its thing.  And then it comes out as the planet moves on its way. Once a year, it comes around and does the same thing. You're now all experts at transiting exoplanets. None of these look like an exoplanet transit. We can all agree, yeah? None of these look like a U. Some of them look like W's. Some of them look like, I don't know, some kind of asymmetric V. I don't know what's going on with this. Like this is like the Batman symbol or something. What is this? Remember we said if a planet is bigger, you get a deeper transit, okay? So the depth of the missing light, we can directly relate back to the size of the thing that's blocking the planet, right? Very simple geometry here. The bigger my head is, the more the projector light I obscure. So if we were to map this back, you would end up with a very, very, very strangely shaped thing going in front. There's no thing in nature that we have that would make this kind of signature. You can see some of these features kind of look similar, like this kind of looks like, I don't know, like a bat or something. And so does this one. Oh, actually, I'm sorry, that's the same feature. No wonder it looks the same. This is the same one zoomed in. Yeah, that's right. Why did they plot it twice? That's strange. Okay. Some of them look similar. That's my point. This one, one, two. This one, maybe one, two. This one, just one. Very smooth. Who knows? And that's what the authors left it. They said, this is nuts. We have no idea what this is. What we do know is that these features, these three features, there's a few more that they highlight in other figures in the paper. There's a few more that kind of looks similar. They don't repeat, right? There's no pattern. It's not like the earth going around the sun. Once a year, you'll see that symmetrical, beautiful transit dip. Once a year, even the hot Jupiters, those wild things that are at three-day orbits, they go around, it's like a clock, right? This four years of data, this doesn't repeat itself. So you can say, if it's periodic, it must be longer than four years. That's all we can say. If there's a period, it's bigger than four years. Shrug. What's really troubling about Tabby's Star, or Boyajin's Star, is it is a totally seemingly normal F-type star. What's an F-type star? F-type is just shorthand for its temperature. It means it's between 6,000 and 7,600 degrees in the Kelvin scale. It doesn't matter. The point is, it's normal. There's nothing else unusual about it. The sun is a G-type star. It's the next class cooler. There's your trivia for the day. Totally normal star. So how, from a normal star, with nothing else unusual about it, do you get these bizarre dips? This is the great mystery. Oh, let me back up. One more thing about these that is worth noting. Not only are these dips really bizarrely shaped, right, like the shape and time is very strange, but if you read this axis carefully, okay, so one means 100% flux, this dip and almost this one this one reaches 20% of the star light being blocked out and this one is 15% of the light being blocked out, like whatever is obscuring this obscures 20% of the light briefly. That makes it enormous, right? That makes it multiple times bigger than Jupiter. Like we have no idea what that could be and also have this shape. This isn't just like weird, it's like somebody dropped some loose change out there or something and it's passing front. This thing's huge. Whatever this is, it's huge. All right, the star, seemingly normal. It's a good mystery. Okay, and then the plot thickened. So here is in gray, here is the data from the Kepler mission. Here's that 20% drop, blah, blah, blah. Here's some more of those drops. And what they realized when they studied the long-term variability is that the star actually over the four years faded by 3%. So not only are these short timescale weird dips going on that nobody understands, but now there's also this 3% fade. This was not realized until after the Kepler data was finished and after the Kepler mission finished it's four years of staring. All right, yeah, time zero, 1600, so about four, just over four years, right? And the sun does definitely not change by 3% over four years. Nothing on the sun caused it to sit there and slowly get fainter and fainter and fainter. Okay, now you wouldn't notice if you went outside, like if the sun was 2% fainter or something, but if this continued over your lifetime you'd go outside when you were born and it'd be bright and when you were old it would be faint outside, right? If this continued this would be catastrophic. 3% fade over four years is nuts. So the plot thickened. And then after the Kepler mission finished it's four years of observing. We came through with more telescopes from the ground and said what is the star? And we continued to study it. And so here is, this is 2017, just one year of data from 2017. And you can see the star is continuing to do very odd and misbehaving things. None of them are at that 20% level. These are all at sort of like the 2% level. They're smaller, but equally mystifying. None of them look similar. They don't really appear to look like the previous events. Totally mysterious. What is going on with this star? So to summarize the mystery, as we have found it to date, there are very short period, say time scales of a few days. Remember that's still longer than the hour or two that the Earth takes to transit, but still we'll call that short. Few day time scale, very deep fading, dimming things, which are unexplained.  Long time scale, slow fading, which is like unconstrained. Does it keep going? Who knows? Two parts of the mystery, equally compelling. All right, so being a scientist, you need some kind of model or theory or plausible explanation to explain this. And the best theory is the one that can explain the most of the observables with the fewest free parameters, right? So you could theorize that, well, what's going on is there's a million refrigerators in orbit of varying sizes, and you just gotta put the right refrigerators at the right orbit, and you'll end up getting this signature. And indeed, with a million free parameters, the million refrigerators of varying sizes, you could get it to do this. That is an implausible explanation though, right? There's no reason to believe there's a million of anything like that in orbit. So what is it? Or equally valid, what isn't it? Okay, we can spoil it, it's probably not aliens.  It's probably not rotation, okay? And the first hint is this does not look like a sine wave. So bravo to those paying attention and notice that is not like a sine wave. And there's really no explanation of things that would look like this and evolve and disappear rapidly, okay? So it's probably not rotation, but that was a good thing to rule out. And more broadly, it's probably not something on the surface of the star. We can pretty much rule out that it's not something on the surface, it's probably external to the star. It's probably something moving in front of the star and blocking the light temporarily. The very first possible explanation that was put forward by Tabitha Boyajan and her co-authors when this came out was that it could be a series of comets.  Now, comets, yeah, we'll go to nap time mode here. So if you've seen a picture of a comet, they have these big tails, right? And these tails are due to the star vaporizing material on the surface and causing material to fly out the backside as the comet's moving forward, right? And so the idea would be these things have these big long extended tails and that gives you these weird transit shapes, right? So the tail is kind of like flying out the back end. So when the, except for it doesn't really work, there we go, it doesn't really work. Like these things, like what kind of comet would have tails going out the front and back? Like that doesn't make any sense. And none of them really look like comets, they don't look like anything comets we've seen in our social system would look like. Nevermind the fact that, again, I'll remind you that you need 20% flux dips, 15 to 20% flux dips, these would have to be comets that are bigger than Jupiter. All right, well, that's bothersome. And that still doesn't explain why it's slowly fading. So that's no good. People got a little more creative. They said, well, maybe there's some kind of like disk, like a funky disk, like again, think back to our solar system. All the planets orbit around in kind of a disk-like shape, like the plane of the solar system. And so maybe there is some plane of stuff of like cosmic garbage floating around here. And maybe that, maybe it's like elongated or warped or something. And so it's kind of as it passes through as it rolls around, you get, maybe there's a comet in there as well. You get all the weird brightness variations. And this, this is not impossible. This could work, but it has to be very dynamic.  This is the idea that it is a planetary explosion, like maybe two planets ran into each other. And one of them had its top blown off like this, boom, kaboom. That's the sound they make. And then that debris is orbiting around, right? So there is some kind of very violent, large event. And maybe we're seeing that debris spin around the star. And maybe that debris is complicated. There's other little chunks and bits out here. And this is not without some merit. We think our moon formed this way. So if you've ever wondered where the moon comes from, the best model, the best explanation is that there was a big rock, another planet, early in the solar system's history, the size of Mars, not an insignificant rock. And it ran into the Earth on one very unfortunate day. And it caused a giant massive explosion of material. And out of this came the moon. The moon is smaller than Mars. So a lot of that material landed and settled back on Earth. Earth's surface was probably totally wiped out. This, of course, happened very long ago, like four billion years ago, long ago. And then the moon was like the leftover debris recoalesced out here in that nice, tight orbit. That sounds totally wild. Like why would we think that's the case? But when you go to the moon, and remember people did at one point before I was born, people went to the moon and they brought rocks back. And those rocks look like the rocks here on Earth. They're chemically similar to the rocks here on Earth, except they don't have all the biological indicators. There was never an atmosphere of hydrogen and oxygen and nitrogen. There was never that kind of environment. There wasn't people walking around breathing on the moon, except for the one time when they were. But the moon might have formed this way. This does not seem totally implausible, but it is very unlikely. It must not happen very often. And there's one big problem with this. This big debris cloud or equally, there we go, or equally this bizarre ring would have what we would say is an infrared excess. Okay, more jargon for you. So when we look at the star's brightness as a function of its wavelength, right? So you take a prism and you break up the light as a function of wavelength. Here is the visible range. We've compressed it on this graph because it's boring. It's all normal. Again, a normal F-type star in the optical, visible, your eyeballs can see it light, and the infrared, i.e. what your remote control in a TV uses. In the far infrared regime, so this is very, very far long wavelengths, dust glows, you glow actually in the infrared as well. And any plausible cloud of dust or debris or crap out here would be warm and it would glow. And you wouldn't see it. It wouldn't be glowing bright enough to see it in the visible or even in the near infrared. But out here in the far infrared, you would expect to see this big bump in brightness and we don't see it. We see this for other stars. We've seen this before. Now we've never seen the tabby star dips, but we've seen these kinds of excesses in the infrared. And we knew to look for it. It was one of the first things we looked for and nobody saw it. So if there is this giant cloud of garbage out here, the leftovers from an explosion or an impact, you'd expect to see it. And we don't. These are the, what we call these upper limits. Like these aren't detections at these various wavelengths. These are the sensitivity limits of our telescopes. Like we can't see anything fainter than this at this telescope. And this telescope got a little fainter out here. So this is the one model we can't rule out, right? But it's not supported by the data. We can't rule it out. Okay, so we return back to this idea. Maybe it's aliens, okay? And like the idea of aliens and SETI and UFOs gets a lot of flak in the astronomy community because oftentimes it's a lot of hyped up nonsense. But it is true that we do spend real money looking for aliens in astronomy. And we have to admit that it is possible, right? Anything that defies any explanation, this has to be at least a contender for. Now, we were talking before the class, Occam's razor, right? Like this would be unbelievably extraordinary, right? And so we would need extraordinary evidence. And we don't have it. There is this idea of a Dyson sphere. Okay, so the joke is that this is the Dyson vacuum. It's not related to Freeman Dyson, the scientist, but they both were British. So that's interesting. They're both still alive, too. The idea is a Dyson sphere is an alien civilization so advanced that they can build not just a spacecraft, but a ring or a sphere or some kind of funky shaped thing that totally surrounds their parent star. And by doing so, they trap all of that light. Imagine how much power a solar panel generates.  And once you do that, you have unlimited electricity to do whatever it is that aliens do, right? I don't know. Watch Netflix in like 20K resolution or something. I don't know. But you have unlimited power to do whatever you want if you build this sphere, right? Because you've captured all the available energy from the star. Now thermodynamics tells us that if you're cooking the inside of these solar panels or space vacuums with the starlight, you're gonna need to radiate excess heat, okay? Oh, here's a better, maybe this is a better explanation, right? So this would be a Dyson swarm, okay? So it's not a solid sphere.  The point is, we would expect that the excess heat, right? The thermal energy that's built up inside of that sphere would have to get radiated somewhere or also would just continue to get hotter and hotter unless they had perfect solar panels that were 100% efficient. And just, I just don't think that you can build a 100% efficient solar panel. Like there's gonna be some excess heat, right? My phone gets warm just like browsing Facebook. So their solar panels are gonna produce some heat and that heat would have to go somewhere. And again, we have the same problem. There's no excess heat here at the long wavelengths that we can see. Plus, why would you build your Dyson sphere to have this pattern, right? We would trace this pattern of fading events back to solar panels of various sizes moving into our field of view, right? As each one of these fading events comes and goes, that corresponds to one of these Dyson rings or a halo or something moving in front of your field of view. Why would it be shaped like this? And eventually, it would have to come back around because that's how orbits work. You'd have to have a repeating pattern and we haven't seen it. All right, well, that's a little depressing. It's not aliens, unfortunately, at least not to our best knowledge. So finally, what do we know? What productive things do we actually know? I've told you a lot about what it's not. All right, here's a paper that I wrote last year. This is the most ridiculous paper I've ever written because it was written about these two data points. So I was pretty proud of being on the right and entire paper about two dots. Here is the slow fading from Kepler that we showed you before, 3% fading. And here are two measurements that we were lucky to get by total chance in the ultraviolet, okay? Ultraviolet being the wavelength of light that your sunglasses filter out and the atmosphere actually filters most of it out because otherwise we'd just get sunburned constantly. So you need a space telescope to see the ultraviolet because the atmosphere actually blocks most of the ultraviolet. We were lucky enough to get two data points in the ultraviolet during the Kepler emission of this star. And the punchline, and we can talk for a long time about why this is the case, the punchline is, if it's dust of some kind blocking the starlight, it's not normal dust. Normal dust blocks ultraviolet light really effectively. Again, our atmosphere blocks ultraviolet light really efficiently, thank God, because that's how we manage the day alive. Normal interstellar dust is this kind of stuff. Oh, okay, pretty pictures again, here we go. This is examples of normal interstellar dust. The dusty lanes of the Milky Way itself, right? These little wispy lanes. If you go out to a really dark mountain, you can see this with your eye. It's like the most incredible thing. Go out into the mountains in a clear night, turn off all the lights for a half hour, let your eyes dilate in that no moon, make sure it's a moonless night. And you can see with your naked eye this kind of wispy, gas-like cloud structure. This is dust, we call this the galactic Sirius. These are clouds of dust, and they trace out the galaxy. This is normal dust. On smaller scales, this is a young star-forming region, observed with Hubble Space Telescope. You can see tiny little wispy structures. This is a very small region where baby stars are being born. Baby stars and baby planets are being born. Tabby star, not inside of one of these. It's out by itself, out here in the galaxy, just wandering around like we are. But maybe there's wispy structure like this floating around it. Here is, I think it's called Barnard 68. It looks like a hole in the sky. Like somebody just deleted all the stars. This actually is a dark gas cloud. If you look at this in the infrared, our friend the infrared again, you can see the little young stars hiding in here, emitting their heat. But in the visible light, the dust obscures the heat. That's pretty cool. This is normal interstellar dust. We know now that the ultraviolet, whatever it was that caused the 3% fading, blocked some ultraviolet light, but not as much as you would expect. That's one of the most scientific things to say. It's there, but it's not as much as we expected. Here is an actual map of the dust around tabby star. Like they actually labeled it WTF. This is in the paper. This is, I put a bigger star so you can see it, but this is where tabby star is. And look, you can see this wispy, it looks like a radar map or something, like a precipitation map moving through the Northwest. And if this was Seattle, this would be Olympia and it'd be just like ripping through here and we'd just get rain dumped on us. But maybe that's the analogy. Maybe these clouds, these filaments of dust are moving through. Maybe they're really clumpy. Living in Seattle, you have an appreciation for how clumpy weather can be. It can be sunny one minute, raining 20 minutes later, sunny again. You can have large variations over small time scales, giving you some sense that the size scale of these weather events or these clouds can be quite dense and small. Small dense weather patterns can move through our area, dump a bunch of rain and it'd be sunny. I've seen days where it's sunny and snowing. It's unbelievable here. Maybe that's what's going on here. Maybe on very small scales there are clumps of this dust and it's weird dust, maybe. Okay, another, this is from 2018. This is a new paper. Okay, it's not a beautiful plot.  Take my word for it, it's there. Maybe this 3% modulation is repeating. Maybe that's some kind of structure outside. That's interesting. Here is another example. This is another 2018 paper. Here is that 3% modulation again. Here is maybe, maybe kind of a pattern. That's basically what the paper says. Maybe there's a pattern. They say it a little more positively than that. I thought this was a really sick graphic. It came out a year ago. This is the idea that here we have all the short-term variations from the Kepler mission and they attribute them back to some giant planet with some super-duper Saturn with some tilted ring or something causing this asymmetric V. So this would be a transit and that trailing and leading this giant planet would be asteroids, clouds of asteroids. Now, Jupiter does this. Jupiter has, we call Trojans, these little asteroid clouds that are ahead and behind in some weird gravitational dance between the sun and Jupiter. They sit here in these funny little clouds ahead and behind. And maybe the set of dips that we saw here and then the other ones that we saw are clouds passing in front and behind. The idea is that the time between this set in here and this set in here was about even, roughly even. So maybe this makes a strong prediction that in the early months of 2021, we should see these dips again. And May 19th, 2017, you should see this planet go around the backside of the star and maybe you would see, we call secondary eclipse where the planet hides behind the star. And indeed, we did see a little bit of activity in May and June of last year, little 1% stuff. Not this, but little thing. So we'll see, okay? So we'll see. In 2021, we might see a cloud of things move in front of Tabby Star again. Believe me, we'll be watching. From this new data, from that series of little dips we saw last year in May, we saw, okay, little tiny things that kind of look like, the gray line here is the Kepler data. They kind of look like the Kepler data-ish, eh? And this is from the newspaper by Tabitha Boyajan. So this would be Tabby Star paper number two, where she says, we're not buying this, but it's worth noting. This kind of looks like this, but there doesn't seem to be any reason. So maybe the short time scale modulations are repeating. And this from her paper, I copied this today. Thus, the current evidence suggests that the short-term and long-term dimming events are caused by dust, of some kind, of different sizes, dust of different sizes. I.e. you've got something close in and clumpy and weird forming the short time scale dips and something large and diffuse causing the large, the long time scale modulations. Maybe two dust features. So here's my cartoon version of this. You've got something that's like, I don't know, a cosmic explosion or comet swarm or something causing short time scale dips as they move in front of the star. Maybe there's a periodic and we'll see them come around again. And you've got large, fluffy clouds outside, maybe outside the solar system, the Tabby Star solar system slowly moving through, causing changes in the total brightness, like weather moving through Seattle. And this is kind of an explanation I can live with. Like, it's plausible. It doesn't seem totally loony tunes. We can go do some follow-up observations to see if this is actually periodic. We can do more observations to see if we can really see any infrared emission changing as these clouds move through. I can live with this explanation. But what is still bothering me and what we're gonna be working on here at the University of Washington for the next few years, one of the projects in the astronomy department we'll work on, is where are the other stars like this? Why is Tabby Star the only star we've ever seen do this? We've looked at a lot of stars in the night sky. In the Gaia data released that came out last year, Gaia is a European mission. It came out last week. They released a catalog of 1.7 billion stars. And to our knowledge, none of those stars look like Tabby Star, have done this kind of thing. We've studied the temporal evolution of stars here at UW over decades and never seen anything like this. So where the H is the other WTFs?


Hey, this is Brett, and this 2021 Ram 3500 Crew Cab Long Box Dual-Re-Wheel Tradesman Level 2 Package is stock number 13358Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, you're new and used heavy-duty truck and Ram headquarters. This 2021 Ram 3500 has the 6.7-liter high-output Cummins diesel. It puts out 420 horsepower, 1075 foot-pounds of torque. It's paired up with the iSIN 6-speed heavy-duty automatic transmission. This truck can tow a whopping 34,120 pounds. It has a max payload of 5,329 pounds. It has the 410 gears and the 50-gallon fuel tank as well. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. The fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video. Inside underneath, start it up, take a look under the hood, and give you the most accurate representation of the vehicle as possible. Delmonico Red Pro-Code is the color, and I shoot all my videos in 4K. So if you have HD capabilities, I recommend turning them on now because it is your best way to check out the quality condition, and of course, cleanliness, as well as options of this truck before seeing it in person. Down the driver's side box, really nice and clean, didn't see any dents or dings on the box side. The cab and the doors are all in fantastic condition as well. Get the Chrome 3500 Cummins and Ram logo there. If you like the video, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel, which is youtube.com slash summit auto. Click the bell notifications, you'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day here at Summit Automotive. This one comes with the steel rims, with the chrome wheel simulators, and it has Nexon Rodeon AT tires. These are LT 235 ADR 17s. They have right around half the tread left on them. Frame and underbody is exceptionally clean on this truck, and it's like that all the way underneath. We'll be going around to the back here in just a second. Front fender once again, excellent condition. You get the crystal clear headlights, normal halogen bulbs. The bumper is in fantastic condition, no dents or dings on there. Looks really good. You get the chrome trim on the grille and the Ram logo there, and the hood is in very nice condition as well. You get the cab lights up top, and the passenger side front fender, absolutely perfect. Passenger side front wheel simulator. This is really the only imperfection I saw, and the entire truck has got just a little scratch on that wheel simulator. Doesn't affect the performance though. The Delmonico red pearl coat, it's got a little bit of metal flake to it, looks really good. Really a cool color. And as you go down this side of this 2021 Ram 3500, take note of how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror-like the paint is. I take these HD videos, so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you can just can't make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck here, the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at. Before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises, and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesmen know that you saw the video that it was helpful and that Brett sent you. Back of the Julie Tub looks good. That wheel simulator is absolutely perfect of really, really clean. Back tires have just as much tread as the front tires, and that frame and underbody is in a really nice condition. Has all the remaining factory exhaust, so it hasn't been altered in any way. And the cab corners and lower rockers are all in fantastic condition. Coming around to the back of the vehicle, rear bumper is absolutely perfect. It does have the backup parking sensors, no dents or dings on that rear bumper, full towing package, of course, with the receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring. And the tailgate is an excellent condition note that you get the chrome four by four and ram logo there. Back up camera in the tailgate, spring and bed liner, fifth wheel and goose neck prep package, you get seven pin four pin wiring, you get the LED bed lights, you also get 115 volt, 400 watt max plug in right there. That bed is an exceptionally clean condition, you get some side box tie downs, you get this curtain, goose neck ball, and then you get these tie downs that fit right into those circles there, so I thought that'd be kind of cool to show you. And then you get a cap for the goose neck, even though you get the factory cap there. So that comes with the truck. That spring and bed liner goes onto the tailgate, which is very nice, and that tailgate shuts nice and solidly. For full disclosure, this back rim is in excellent condition as well. Dualy tow looks really good, has the heated fold up tow mirrors built in directional signals, they fold up like so, and in like that.  Very nice, did want to show you the tire and loading information sticker while I'm standing here, always forget to show that, I'm getting better though, there's your VIN sticker, a lot of people like that, alright we'll hop inside check out the miles, the radio, and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior can see that this one has 47,251 miles, incredible condition I might say for that many miles on this truck, this thing is in really really nice condition, get a digital spinometer, instrument cluster is very nice and clean, information center controls and bluetooth controls on the left, cruise controls on the right and your gear selector, this one does have the six speed ice and heavy duty transmission, and you get the 8.4 4C radio, AM FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities on here, you have all your different apps on here as well, this one has projection where you can project your cell phone to the screen, so while it doesn't have the factory navigation system you can project your cell phone up there, and then it's like you have nav right in the screen, you also have your HD backup camera, which is great for getting hooked up to your boat camper or trailer the first time every time, and you can zoom in on that receiver hitch, and then I have all your different apps there, down here your climate controls, factory brake controller, this one has six auxiliary up-fit switches to a hall mode, factory exhaust brake, and you can turn that those rear parking sensors on and off, down here you get two USBs, two USB C's in an aux jack, and your 4x4 shifter is on the floor there, keyless entry is in nice condition as well, and the passenger side format and seats, seat is in excellent condition, headliner once again, very nice and clean, you do get map lights up there, and we'll start it up and take a look under the hood, starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that, can't really stress enough how nice this truck is for the miles, especially being a heavy-duty truck, a lot of times these things get used and abused, but this one is in really nice shape, I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today, and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality condition options, and of course, cleaning this up this truck inside, and under the hood we have the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel engine base, very clean ones, very smooth, once again this truck has been fully saved and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off, this one's 100% ready to go, there's the emissions sticker, and yeah, I would highly recommend this truck from a quality, condition, cleanliness, and capability standpoint, I don't think you'll find too many that can haul more than this one, and to see more pictures of this truck, or one of other 550 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, Minimans, Wranglers, halftones, three-quarter-tons, one-tons, you name it, we gotta go to that website right there, summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations, all at summitauto.com, and if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto, remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there, click the bell notifications, you'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day here at Summit Automotive, in fact, in a second you will see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel in the upper left, link to more Ram 3,500 truck videos like this one in the upper right, link to this vehicle in our website in the lower left, and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right, with those checks out, we're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2021 Ram 3,500 crew cab long box dualie tradesman level two in Delmonico Red Broco. Thanks again for checking out the video, remember to like, subscribe, and share on the YouTube channel, I really appreciate it, thanks again.