CHAPTER XVI So much had happened so quickly during the past hour that Daugard had no chance to plan or even sort out impressions in his mind. He had no guess as to where this stranger, now taking some of the burden of the wounded merman from him, had sprung from. The other's clothing, the helmet covering his head, were more akin to those worn by the aliens than they were to the dress of the colonist. Yet the man beneath these trappings were of the same breed as his own people. And he could not believe he was a peaceman of pacts. All he had done here spoke against those legends of dark Terrand days Daugard had heard from childhood. But where had he come from? The only answer could be another outlaw colony ship. CHAPTER XVI We are in the interways. Daugard tried to reach the mind of the merman as they pounded on into the corridors which led from the arena. Do you know these? He had a faint hope that the sea-man, because of his longer captivity, might have a route of escape to suggest. CHAPTER XVI Down to the lower levels. The thought came slowly, forced out by a weakening will. Lower levels, roads to the sea. This was what Daugard had been hoping for, some passage which would run seaward and so to safety, such as he had found with Tsutsuri in that other city. CHAPTER XVI What are we hunting? The stranger broke in, and Daugard realized that perhaps the other did not follow the mind-talk. His words had an odd inflection, a clipped accent which was new. CHAPTER XVI A lower way he returned in the speech of his own people. TO THE RIGHT The merman, struggling against his own weakness, had raised his head and was looking about as one who searches for a familiar landmark. There was a branching way to the right, and Daugard swung into it, bringing the other two after him. This was a narrow passage, and twice they brushed by sealed doors. It brought them up against a blank wall. The stranger wheeled his odd weapon ready, so they could hear the shouts of pursuers behind them. But the merman pulled free of Daugard and went down on the floor to dig with his talon fingers at some depressions there. CHAPTER XVI Open here. The thought came clearly. Then down. Daugard went down on one knee, able now to see the outline of a trapdoor. It must be pried up. His sword-knife was gone, the spear they had given him for the arena he had dropped when he dragged the merman out of danger. He looked to the stranger. About the other's narrow hips was slung a belt from which hung pouches and tools the primitive colonists could not evaluate. But there was also a bush-knife, and he reached for it. THE KNIFE The stranger glanced down at the blade he wore in surprise, as if he had forgotten it. Then with one swift movement he drew it from its sheath and flipped it to Daugard. From the track behind the clamor was growing, and the colony scout worked with concentration at his task of fitting the blade into the crack and freeing the door. As soon as there was space enough the merman's claws recklessly slid under, and he added what strength he could to Daugard's. The door arose and fell back onto the pavement with a clang, exposing a dark pit. Got him! the words burst from the stranger. He had pressed the firing button of his weapon. Where the passage in which they stood met the main corridor there was an agitated shouting and then sudden silence. DOWN! The merman had crawled to the edge of the opening. From it rose a dank, fetid smell. Now that the noise in the corridor was stilled Daugard could hear something—the sound of water. How do we get down? he questioned the merman. It is far. There are no climbing holds. Daugard straightened. Well, he supposed. Even a leap into that was better than to be taken a second time by those others. But was he ready for such a desperate solution? A long way down the stranger leaned over to peer into the well. He says so, Daugard nodded at the merman, and there are no climbing holds. The stranger plucked at the front of his tunic with one hand, still holding his weapon with the other.  He had never seen such stuff, so light of weight and yet so tough. His delight reached the merman, who sat up to gaze allishly at the coils the stranger pulled from concealment. They used the door of the well for the lowering beam, hitching the cord about it. Then the merman noosed one end about him, and Daugard, the door taking some of the strain, lowered him. The end of the cord was perilously close to the scout's fingers when there was a signalling pull from below, and he was free to reel in the loose line. He turned to the stranger. You go, I'll watch them. The other waved his weapon to the corridor. There was some sense to that, Daugard had to agree. He made fast the end of the cord and went at his turn into the dark, burning the palm of one hand before he was able to slacken the speed of his descent. Then he landed thigh deep in water, from which arose an unpleasant smell. All right, come! He put full force into the thought he beamed at the stranger above. When the other did not obey, Daugard began to wonder if he should climb to his aid. Had the aliens broken through and overwhelm the other? Or what had happened? The rope whisked up out of his hands, and a moment later a voice rang eerily overhead. Clear below, coming down. It scrambled out of the space under the opening, heading on into the murk where the merman waited.  Where do we go from here? The voice carried through the dark. Scaled fingers hooked about Daugard's right hand and tugged him on. He reached back in turn and locked grip with the stranger. So united the three splashed on through the rancid liquid. In time they came out of the first tunnel into a wider section, but here the odor was worse, catching in their throats, making them sway dizzily. There seemed to be no end to these ways, which Raph guessed were the drains of the ancient city. Only the merman appeared to have a definite idea of where they were going, though he hauled it once or twice when they came to a side passage, as if thinking out their course. Since the man from the arena accepted the furred one's guidance, Raph depended upon it too, though he wondered if they would ever find their way out into the open once more. He was startled by sudden pain as the hand leading him tightened its grip to bone-brewzing force. They had stopped, and the liquid washed about them until Raph wondered if he would ever feel clean again. When they started on they moved much more swiftly. His companions were in a hurry, but Raph was unprepared for the sight which broke as they came out in a high-roofed cavern. There was an odd, cold light here. But that light was not all he saw. Drawn up on a ledge rising out of the contaminated stream were rows of the furred people, all sitting in silence, bone-spears resting across their knees, long knives at their belts. They watched with round, unblinking eyes the three who had just come out of the side passage. The rescued merman loosened his grip on Dalgarde's hand and waded forward to confront that quiet, waiting assembly. Neither he nor his fellows made any sound, and Raph guessed that they had some other form of communication, perhaps the same telepathic ability to broadcast messages which this amazing man beside him displayed. They are of his tribe, the other explained, sensing that Raph could not understand. They came here to try to save him, for he is one of their speakers for many. Who are they? Who are you? Raph asked the two questions which had been with him ever since the wild adventure had begun. They are the people of the sea, our friends, our knife-brothers, and I am of home-port. My people came from the stars in a ship, but not a ship of this world. We have been here for many years. The merman were moving now. Several had waited forward to greet their chief, aiding him ashore, but when Raph moved toward the ledge Dalgarde put out a restraining hand. Though we are summoned, no, they have their customs, and this is a party for war. This tribe knows not my people, saved by rumor. We wait. Raph looked over the ranks of the sea-folk. The light came from globes borne by every twentieth warrior, a globe in which something that gave off phosphorescent gleams swam around and around. The spears which each merman carried were slender and wickedly barbed. The knives almost sword-length. The pilot remembered the flamethrowers of the aliens and could not see any victory for the merman party. No, knife-blade against the fire, that is not equal. Raph started, amazed, and then irritated that the other had read his thoughts so easily. But what else can be done? Some stand must be taken, even if a whole tribe goes down to the great dark because they do it. What do you mean? Raph demanded. Is it not the truth that those others went across the sea to plunder their forgotten storehouse of knowledge? countered the other. He spoke slowly, as if he found difficulty in clothing thoughts with words. Tsutsuri said that was why they came. Raph, remembering what he had seen, the stripping of shells and tables of the devices that were stored on them, could only nod. And it is also true that soon they will have worse than fire with which to hunt us down, and they shall turn against your colony as they will against Homeport. For the merman and their own records have taught us that it is their nature to rule, that they can live in peace only when all living things on this world are their slaves. My colony! Raph was momentarily diverted. I'm one of a spacer's crew, not the member of any colony. Dahlgard stared at the stranger. His guess had been right. A new ship, another ship which had recently crossed deep space to find them, had flown the dark wastes even as the first elders had done. It must be that more outlaws had come to find a new home. This was wonderful news, news he must take to Homeport. Only it was news which must wait, for the sea-people had come to a decision of their own. What are they going to do now? Raph asked. The merman were not retreating. Instead they were slipping from the ledge in regular order, forming somewhat crooked ranks in the water. Dahlgard did not reply at once, making mind-touch not only to ask but to impress his kinship on the sea-people. They were united in a single-minded purpose, with failure before them, unless he turned to the stranger. They go to war upon those others. He who guided us here knows also that the new knowledge they have brought into the city is danger. If an end is not put to it before they can use it, then—he shrugged. The merman must retreat into the depths, and we who cannot follow them—he made a quick, thrusting gesture as if using a knife on his own throat. For a time those others had been growing fewer and number and weaker. Their children are not many, and sometimes there are years when none are born at all. And they have forgotten so much. But now, perhaps they can increase once more, not only in wisdom and strength and arms, but in numbers. The merman have kept a watch on them, content to let matters rest, sure that time would defeat them. But now, time no longer fights on our side. Raph watched the furred people with their short spears, their knives. He recalled that rocky island where the aliens had unleashed the fire. The expeditionary force would not have a chance against that. Your weapons would. The words addressed to him were clear, though they had not been spoken aloud. Raph's hand went to the pocket where two more of the blast bombs rested. And this is your battle as much as ours. But it wasn't his fight. Dalgarde had gone too far with that suggestion. Raph had no ties on this world. The RS-10 was waiting to take him away. It was strictly against all orders, all his training, for him to become involved in alien warfare. The pilot's hand went back to his belt. He was not going to allow himself to be pushed on to anything foolish, whether this colonist could read his mind or not. The first ranks of the merman had already waited past them, heading into the way down which the escaping prisoners had come. To Raph's eyes none of them paid any attention to the two humans as they went, though they were probably a metal touch with his companion.  Dalgarde was careful to use oral speech this time. When you came to our rescue in the arena they believed that you were of our kind. Do you think you can return to walk safely through the city? So he drew a hissing breath of surprise when the thought which leaped into Raph's mime was plain to Dalgarde also. You have. There are more of you there. But already those others may be moving against them because of what you have done. Raph, who had been about to join the merman, stopped short. That aspect did not struck him before. What had happened to Siriki and the Flitter, to the captain and Lablet, who had been in the heart of the enemy territory when he had challenged the aliens, it would be only logical that the painted people would consider them all dangerous now. He must get out of here, back to the Flitter, tried to help where unwittingly he had harmed. Dalgarde caught up with him. He had been able to read a little of what had passed through the other's mind, though it was difficult to sort order out of the tangled thoughts. The longer he was with the stranger, the more aware he became of the differences between them. Outwardly they might appear of the same species, but inwardly, Dalgarde frowned. There was something that he must consider later when they had a thinking space. But now he could understand the other's agitation. It was very true that those others might turn on the stranger's fellows in retaliation for his deeds. Together they joined the mermen. There was no talk, nothing to break the splashing sound of bodies moving against the current. As they pressed on, Raph was sure that this was not the same way they had come. And once more Dalgarde answered his unspoken question. We seek another door into the city, one long known to these tribesmen. Raph would gladly have run, but he could not move faster than his guides, and while their pace seemed deliberate, they did not pause to rest. The whole city, he decided, must be honeycombed with these drains. After traversing a fourth tunnel, they climbed out of the flood onto a dry passage, which wormed along, almost turning on itself at times. Side passages ran out from this corridor like rootlets from a parent root, and small parties of mermen broke from the regiment to follow certain ones, leaving without orders or farewells. At the fifth of these Dalgarde touched Raph's arm and drew him aside. This is our way. Tensely the scout waited. If the stranger refused, then the one plan the scout had formed during the past half hour would fail. He still held to the hope that Raph, with what Raph carried, could succeed in the only project which would mean, perhaps not his safety, nor the safety of the tribe he now marched among, but the eventual safety of Astra itself, the safety of all the harmless people of the sea, the little creatures of the grass and the sky, of his own land at Homeport. He would have to force Raph into actions if need be. He did not use the mind-touch. He knew now the unspoken resentment which followed that. If it became necessary, Dalgarde's hands bowled into fists. He would strike down the stranger, take from him. Swiftly he turned his thoughts from that. It might be easy, now that he had established mental contact with this off-worlder, for the other to pick up a thought as vivid as that. But luckily Raph obediently turned into the side passage with the six mermen who were to attack at this particular point. The way grew narrower until they crept on hands and knees between rough walls which were not of the same construction as the larger tunnels. The smaller mermen had no difficulty in getting through, but twice Raph's equipment belt caught on projections and he had to fight his way free. They crawled one by one into a ventilation shaft much like the one he had climbed at the center. Dalgarde's whisper reached him. We are now in the building which houses their skyship. I know that one! Raph returned almost eagerly, glad at last to be back so close to familiar territory. He climbed up the hand and footholds, the sea-monster lamp disclosed, wishing the mermen ahead would speed up. The grill at the head of the shaft had been removed and the invaders arose one by one into a dim and dusty place of motionless machinery which, by all tangible evidence, had not been entered for some time. But the cautious manner in which the sea people strung out to approach the far door argued that the same might not be true beyond. For the first time Raph noticed that his human companion now held one of the knives of the Mermen people and he drew his stun-gun. But he could not forget the flamethrowers which might at that very moment be trained upon the other side of that door by the aliens. They might be walking into a trap. He half-expected one of those disconcerting thought answers from Daugard. But the scout was playing safe. Nothing must upset the stranger. Confronted by what had to be done, he might be influenced into acting for them. So Daugard strode softly ahead, apparently not interested in Raph. One of the Mermen worked at the door, using the point of his spear as a lever. Here again was a vista of machinery. But these machines were alive. A faint hum came from their casings. The Mermen scattered, taking cover, a move copied by the two humans. The pilot remained in hiding, but he saw one of the furred people running on as light-footedly as a shadow. That his arm drew back, and it cast his spear. Raph fancied he could hear a faint whistle as the weapon cut the air. There was a cry, and the Mermen ran on, vanishing into the shadows, to return a second or two later wiping stains from his weapon. Out of their places of concealment his fellows gathered about him, and the humans followed. Now they were fronted by a ramp leading up, and the Mermen took it quickly, their bare, scaled feet setting up a whispering echo which was drowned by the clop of Raph's boots. Once more the party was alert, ready for trouble, and taking his cue from them he kept his stun-gun in his hand. But the maneuver at the head of the ramp surprised him. For though he had heard no signal, all the party but one plastered their bodies back against the wall, Daugard pulling Raph into position beside him, the scouts musketer bare-armed pinning the pilot into a narrow space. One Mermen stood at the crack of the door at the top of the ramp. He pushed the barrier open and crept in. Meanwhile those who waited poised their spears, all aimed at that door. Raph fingered the button on his gun to spray as he had when he had faced the attack of the scavengers in their arena tunnels. There was a cry, a shout with a summons in it, and the venturesome Mermen thudded back through the door. But he was not alone. Two of the Black Guardsmen, their flamers spitting fiery death, ran behind him, and the curling lash of one of those flames almost wreathe the runner before he swung aside. Raph fired without consciously aiming. Both of the sentries fell forward, to slide limply down the ramp. Then Daugard pulled him on. The way is open, he said. This is it! There was an excited exultation in his voice. CHAPTER XVII. OF STARBORN. This is a Lebervox recording. All Lebervox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit lebervox.org. This recording has been Mark Smith of Simpsonville, South Carolina. STARBORN. By André Norton. CHAPTER XVII. DESTRUCTION UNLEASHED. The space they now entered must be the core of the building, Raph thought a little daisily. For there, towering over them, was the round bulb of the globe, and about its open hatch were piles of the material which he had last seen in the warehouse on the other continent. The unloading of the alien ship had been hastily interrupted. Since neither the Merman nor Daugard took cover, Raph judged that they did not fear attack now. But when he turned his attention away from the ship, he found not only the colony scout, but most of the sea people gathered about him, as if waiting for some action on his part. What is it? He could feel it, that strong pressure, that band united in willing him into some move. His stubborn streak of independence made his reaction contrary. He was not going to be pushed into anything. In this hour, Daugard spoke aloud, avoiding the mind-touch which might stiffen Raph's rebellion. He wished that some older, wiser, elder from Homeport were there. So little time. Yet the stranger with practically no effort might accomplish all they had come to do if he could only be persuaded into action. In this hour, here is the heart of what civilization means to those others.  Raph understood. This was why he had been brought here. They wanted him to use the blast bombs. And one part of him was calculating the best places to set his two remaining bombs for the wildest possible destruction. That part of him could accept the logic of Daugard's reasoning. He doubted if the aliens could repair the globe if it were damaged. And he was sure that much which they had brought back from the eastern continent was irreplaceable. The bombs had not been intended for such a use. They were defensive, anti-personnel weapons to be employed as he had done against the lizard in the arena. But placed properly. Without thinking, his hands went to the sealed pocket in the breast of his tunic. Daugard saw that gesture, and inside him some taut cord began to unwind. Then the stranger's hands dropped, and he swung around to face the colony scout squarely, a scowl twisting his black brows almost together. "'This isn't my fight,' he stated flatly. "'I've got to get back to the flitter, to my spacer. That was the matter,' Daugard tried to understand. If the aliens won now, this stranger was in as great a danger as were the rest of them. Did he believe that those others would allow any colony to be established on a world they ruled? "'There will be no future for you here,' he spoke slowly, trying with all his power to get through to the other. "'They will not allow you to found another home-port.  We can take off from this blasted planet whenever we want to. We didn't come here to stay.' Beneath the suntan Daugard's face whitened. The other had come from no outlaw ship, seeking a refuge across space, as his own people had fled to a new life from tyranny. His first fears had been correct. This was a representative of Pax, doubtless sent to hunt down the descendants of those who had escaped its throttling dictatorship. The slender, strangely garbed Terran might be of the same blood as his own, but he was as great an enemy as those others. "'Pax!' he did not know that he had said that word aloud. The other laughed. "'You are living back in history. Pax has been dead and gone almost two centuries. I'm of the Federation of Free Men.' "'Will the stranger use his fire now?' The question formed in Daugard's mind. The mermen were growing impatient, as well they might. This was no time for talk, but for action. Could Raffbeet persuaded to aid them?' "'A Federation of Free Men. Free Men. That was what they were fighting for here and now.' "'You are free,' he said. The Sea-people won their freedom when those others fought among themselves. My people came across the Star-Void in search of freedom, paying in blood to win it. But these, these are not the weapons of the free,' he pointed to the supplies about the globe, to the globe itself. The mermen were waiting no longer. With the butts of their spears they smashed anything breakable. But the damaged one could do by hand in the short space of time granted them. Raffbeet was surprised that a guard was not already down upon them. He was sharply limited. The piled-up secrets of an old race, a race which had once ruled a planet. He thought fleetingly of Lablet's preoccupation with this spoil, of Hobart's hope of gaining knowledge they could take back with them. But would the aliens keep their part of the bargain? He no longer believed that. Why not give these barbarians a chance, and the colonists? Sure, he was breaking the stiffest rule of the service. But perhaps by now the flitter was gone. He might never reach the RS-10. It was not his war right enough. But he'd give the weaker side a fighting chance. Dahlgard followed him into the globe-ship, climbing the ladders to the engine-level, watching with curious eyes as Raffbeet inspected the driving-power of the ship, and made the best disposition possible of one of the bombs. Then they were on the ladder once more, as a ship shook under them, plates buckling as a great wound tore three decks apart. Raffbeet laughed recklessly. Now that he was committed to this course he had a small-boy delight in the destruction. They won't raise her again in a hurry, he confided to Dahlgard, but the other did not share his triumph. They come. We must move fast! the scout urged. When they jumped from the hatch they discovered that the Mermen had been busy in their turn, as many of the supplies as they could move had been pushed and piled into one great mass. Broken crystal littered the floor in shards and puddles of strange chemicals mingled smells to become a throat-rasping fog. They tied these doubtfully. Some of the fumes might combine in the blast. Once again Dahlgard read his mind and waved the Mermen back, sending them through the door to the ramp and the lower engine room. Raffbeet stood in the doorway, the bomb in his hand, knowing that it was time for him to make the most accurate cast of his life. The sphere left his fingers, was a gleam in the murky air. It struck the pile of material. Then the whole world was hidden by a blinding glare. It was dark, black dark, and he was swinging back and forth through this total darkness. He was a ball, a blast bomb being tossed from hand to hand through the dark by painted warriors who left shrilly at his pain, tossed through the dark. Fear such as he had never known, even under the last acceleration pressure of the takeoff from Terra, beat through Raff's veins away from his laboring heart. He was helpless in the dark. Not alone. The words came out of somewhere. He didn't know whether he heard them or in some queer way felt them. You're safe. Not alone. That brought a measure of comfort. But he was still in the dark and he was moving. He could not will his hands to move. Yet he was moving. He was being carried. The flitter. He was back on the flitter. They were airborne. But who was piloting? Captain, Siriki, he appealed for reassurance, and then was aware that there was no familiar motor-hum, none of that pressure of rushing air to which he had been so long accustomed that he missed it only now. You are safe. Again that would be comfort. But Raff tried to move his arms, twist his body, be sure that he rested in the flitter. Then another thought, only vaguely alarming at first, but which grew swiftly to panic proportions. He was in the alien globe. He was a prisoner. You are safe. The words beat in in his mind. But where? Where? He felt as if he were screaming that at the full power of his lungs. He must get out of this dark envelope. Be free. Free. Free men. He was Raff Kirby of the Federation of Free Men, member of the crew of the Spacer RS-10. But there had been something else about free men. Painfully he pulled fragments of pictures out of the past, assembled a jigsaw of wild action, and all of it ended in a blinding flash. Blinding. Raff cowered mentally, if not physically, as his mind seized upon that last word. The blinding flash, then this depth of darkness. Had he been? You are safe. Maybe he was safe, he thought, with an anger born of honest fear. But was he blind? And where was he? What had happened to him since that moment when the blast bomb had exploded? I am blind, he spat out, wanting to be told that his fears were only fears and not the truth.  The answer came quickly enough, and for a short space he was comforted until he realized that the reply was not a flat denial of his statement. Siriki, he tried again. Captain? Lablet? Your companions. There was a moment of hesitation, and then came what he was sure was the truth. Have escaped. Their ship took to the air when the center was invaded. So he wasn't on the flitter. That was Raff's first reaction. Then he must still be with the mermen, with the young stranger who claimed to be one of the lost Terran Colony. But they couldn't leave him behind, Raff struggled against the power which held him motionless. Be quiet. That was not snoothing. It had the snap of a command, so sharp and with such authority in it that he obeyed. You have been hurt. The gel must do its work. Sleep now. It is good to sleep. Maggard walked by the hammock, using all the quieting power he possessed to ease the stranger, who now bore little resemblance to the lithe, swiftly moving otherworldly figure of the day before. Stripped of his burned rags of clothing, coated with the healing stuff of the merpeople, that thick jelly substance which was their bulwark against illness and hurt, lashed into a hammock of sea-fibers. He had the outward appearance of a thick bundle of supplies. The scout had seen miracles of healing performed by the gel. He could only hope for one now. Sleep. He made the soothing suggestion over and over, and felt the other begin to relax, to sink into the semi-coma in which he must rest for at least another day. It was true that they had watched the strange flying machine take off from a rooftop, and none of the mermen who had survived the battle which had raged through the city had seen any of the off-worlder's kind among the living or the dead of the alien forces. Perhaps, thinking Raph dead, they had returned to their spaceship. Now there were other, more immediate problems to be met. They had done everything that they could to ensure the well-being of the stranger, without whom they could not have delivered that one necessary blow which met a new future for Astra. The aliens were not all dead. Some had gone down under the spears of the mermen, but more of the sea-people had died by the superior weapons of their foes. To the aliens, until they discovered what had happened to the globe and its cargo, it would seem an overwhelming triumph for less than a quarter of the invading force fought its way back to safety in the underground ways. Yes, it would appear to be a victory for those others, but now time was on the other side of the scales. Dahlgard doubted if the globe would ever fly again, and the loss of the storehouse plunder could never be repaired. By its destruction they had ensured the future for their people, the mermen, the slowly growing settlement at Hobenport. They were well out of the city, in the open country, traveling along a rocky gorge, through which a river provided a highway to the sea. Dahlgard had no idea as yet how he could wind back across the waste of water to his own people. While the mermen with whom he had stormed the city were friendly, they were not of the tribes he knew, and their own connection with the eastern continent was through messages passed between islands and the depths. Then there was the stranger. Dahlgard knew that the ship which had brought him to this planet was somewhere in the north, perhaps when he recovered. They could travel in that direction. But for the moment it was good just to be free, to feel the soft winds of summer like his skin, to walk slowly under the sun, carrying the little bundle of things which belonged to the stranger, with a knife once more at his belt, and friends about him. But within the quarter hour their peace was broken. Dahlgard heard it first, his landsmen's ears serving him with a complicated sense which gave the sea-people warning did not operate. That shrill keening, he knew it of old, and at his warning the majority of the mermen plunged into the stream, becoming drifting shadows below the surface of the water. Only the four who were carrying the hammock stood their ground. But the scout, having told them to deposit their burden under the shelter of an overhanging ludge of rock, gave them to join their fellows. Until that menace in the sky was beaten they dare not travel overland. Was it still after him alone, hunting him by some mysterious build-in sense as it had overseas? He could see it now, moving in circles back and forth across the gorge, probably ready to dive on any prey venturing into the open. Had it not been for the stranger, Dahlgard could have taken to the water almost as quickly and easily as his companions. But they could not float the pilot down the stream, thus dissolving the thick coating of gel which was healing his terrible flash-burns. And those others, were they following the trail of their mechanical hound as they had before? Dahlgard sent out questing tendrils of thought. No where did he encounter the flashes which announced the proximity of those others? No, it would appear that they had unleashed the hound to do what damage it could, perhaps to serve them as a marker for a future counter-attack. At present it was alone, and he relayed that information to the mermen. If they could knock out the hound, his hand went to the tender scrape on his own scalp where that box had left its glancing mark. If they could knock out the hound, but how? As accurate marksman as the mermen were with their spears, he was not sure they could bring down the box. Its sudden darts and dips were too erratic. Then what? Because as long as it bobbed there, he and the stranger were imprisoned in this pocket of the gorge wall. Dahlgard sat down, the bundle of the stranger's belongings beside him. Then he carefully unfastened the scorched cloth which formed that bag, and examined its contents. There was the belt with its pouches, sheaths, and tool-case, and the weapon which the stranger had used to such good effect during their escape from the arena. Dahlgard took up the gun. It was light in weight, and it fitted into his hand almost as if it had been molded to his measure. He aimed at the hovering box, pressed the button as he had seen the other do, with no results. The stun-ray which had acted upon living creatures could not govern the delicate mechanism in the hound's interior. Dahlgard laid it aside. There were no more of the bombs, nor would they have been effective against such a target. As far as he could see there was nothing among Raph's possessions which could help them now. One of the black shadows and the water moved to shore. The box swooped, death-striking at the merman who ran to shelter. A second followed him, eluding the attack of the hound by a matter of inches. Now the box buzzed angrily. Dahlgard, catching their thoughts, hurried to aid them. The undid the knots of the hammock about the helpless stranger, leaving about him only the necessary bandage ties. Now they had accrued net, woven, as Dahlgard knew, of undersea fibers strong enough to hold captive, plunging monsters a dozen times the size of the box, if they could net it. He had seen the exploits of the merman hunters, knew their skill with net and spear, but to scoop a flying thing out of the air was a new problem. Not so, the thought crawed across his. They have used such as this to hunt us before, long ago. We had believed they were all lost. It must be caught and broken, or it will hunt and kill and hunt again, for it does not tire, nor can it be beaten from any trail it is set upon. Now, I will do that, for you have the knowledge, the scout cut in quickly. After his other meeting with the hound he had no liking for the task he had taken on, but there must be bait to draw the box within striking distance. Hound upright, and moved toward those rocks. The merman changed position. The net, now with stones and certain loops to weigh it, caught in their three-fingered hands. Dahlgard moved, fighting against hunching his shoulders, against hurrying the pace. He saw the shadow of the flitting death, and flung himself down beside the boulder the merman had pointed out. Then he rolled over, half surprised not to be struck. The hound was still in the air, but over it now was draped the net, the rocks and its fringes weighing it down in spite of its jerky attempts to rise. In its struggles to be free it might almost have led the watcher to believe that it had intelligence of a sort. Now the merman were coming out of the stream, picking up rocks as they advanced, and a hail of stones flew through the air, while others of the sea-people sprang to catch the dangly ends of the net and dragged the captive to earth. In the end, they smashed it completely, bearing the remains under a pile of rocks. Then, retrieving their net, they once more fastened raff into it, and turned downstream, as intent as ever upon reaching the sea. Dahlgard wondered whether those others would ever discover what had become of their hound, or had it in some way communicated with its masters, so that now they were aware that it had been destroyed. But he was sure they had nothing more to fear, that the way to the sea was open. In mid-morning of the second day they came out upon shelving sand, and saw before them the waves which promised safety and escape to the merman. Dahlgard sat down in the blue-gray sand beside raff. The sea-people had assured him that the stranger was making a good recovery, that within a matter of hours he could be freed from his cocoon of healing. Dahlgard squinted at the sun, sparkling on the waves. Where now? To the north where the spaceship waited. If what he read in raff's mind was true, the other wanted to leave Astra, to voyage back to that other world which was only a legend to Dahlgard, and a black unhappy legend at that. If the elders were here, had a chance to contact these men from Terra. Dahlgard's eyes narrowed. Would they choose to? Another chain of thought had been slowly developing in his mind during these past hours when he had been so closely companioned with the stranger, and almost he had come to a decision which would have seemed very odd even days before. No, there was no way of suddenly bringing the elders here, of transferring his burden of decision to them. Dahlgard cupped his chin in his hand and tried to imagine what it would be like to shut oneself up in a small metal-walled spacer, and set out blindly to leave one world for another.  They had been very brave, or very desperate, men. Yet Dahlgard measured sand, sun, and sky, watching the mermen sporting in the waves. But for him, Astra was enough. He wanted nothing but this land, this world. There was nothing which drew him back. He would try to locate the spacer for the sake of the stranger. Astra owed Raph all they could manage to give him. But the ship was as alien to Homeport as it now existed, as the city's globe might have been. CHAPTER XVIII Not yet Raph lay on his back, cushioned in the sand. His face turned up to the sky. Moisture smarted in his eyes, trickled down his cheeks as he tried to will himself to see. The yellow haze which had been his day had faded into greyness, and now to the dark he feared so much that he dared not even speak of it. Somewhere over him the stars were icy points of light. But he could not see them. They were very far away. But no farther than he was from safety, from comfort. Now the spacer seemed a haven of ease. From the expert treatment which might save, save his sight. He supposed he should be thankful to that other one who was a slow voice speaking out of the mist. A thought now and then when his inner panic brought him almost to the breaking point. In some manner he had been carried out of the reach of the aliens, treated for his searing wounds. And now he was let along, fed, tended. Why didn't they go away and leave him alone? He had no chance of reaching the spacer. It was so easy to remember those mountains, the heights over which he had lifted the flitter. There wasn't one chance in a million of his winning over those and across the miles of empty planes beyond to where the RS-10 stood waiting, ready to rise again. The crew must believe him dead. His fist clenched upon sand and it gritted between his fingers, sifted away. Why wasn't he dead? Why had that barbarian dragged him here, continued to coax him, put food into his hands, those hands which were only vague shapes when he held them just before his straining, aching eyes? It is not as bad as you think. The words came again out of the fog, spoken with a gentleness which wraps nerves. Healing is not done in a second or even in a day. You cannot force the return of strength. A hand, warm, vibrant with life, pressed on his forehead. A human flesh-covered hand, not one of the cool-scaled paws of the furred people. Though those hands, too, had been laid upon him enough during the past few days, steadying him, leading him, guiding him to food and water. Now, under that firm knowing touch, he felt some of the ever-present fear subside, felt a relaxation. My ship, they will take off without me. He could not help but voice that plate, as he had so many times before during that foggy nightmare journey. They have not done so yet. He struggled up, flung off that calming hand, turned angrily toward where he thought the other was. How can you be sure? Word has come. The ship is still there, though the small flyer has returned to it. This assurance was something new. Raph's suspicions could not stand up against the note of certainty in the other's voice. He got awkwardly to his feet. If the ship was still here, then they must still think him alive. They might come back. He had a chance, a real chance. Then they are waiting for me. They'll come. He could not see the soberness with which Dahlgard listened to that. The starship had not lifted, that message had found its way south, passed along by Hopper and Merman. But the scout doubted if the explorers were waiting for the return of Raph. He believed that they would not have left the city had they not thought the pilot already dead. As to going north now. His picture of the land ahead had been built up from reports gained from the sea people. It could be done, but with Raph to be nursed and guided, lacking even the outrigger Dahlgard had used in home waters, it would take days, weeks, probably, to cover the territory which lay between them and the planes where the starship had planted. But he owed Raph a great deal, and it was summer, the season of warm calms. So far he had not been able to work out any plan for a return to his own land. It might be that they were both doomed to exile. But it was not necessary to face that drear future yet, not until they had expended every possible effort. So now he said willingly enough, we are going north. Raph sat down again in the sand. He wanted to run, to push on until his feet were too tired to carry him any further. But now he fought that impulse, lay down once more, though he doubted if he could sleep. Dahlgard watched the stars, sketched out a map of action for the morning. They must follow the shoreline where they could keep in touch with the mermen. Though along this coast the sea people did not come to land with the freedom their fellow showed on the eastern continent, they had lived too long in fear of those others. But since the war party had reached the coast, there had been no sign of any retaliation, and as several days passed, Dahlgard had begun to believe that they had little to fear. Perhaps the blow they had struck at the heart of the citadel had been more drastic than they had hoped. He had listened since that hour in the gorge for the shrilling of one of the air hounds, and when it did not come the thought that maybe it was the last of its kind had been heartening. At last the scout lay down beside the off-world man, listening to the soft hiss of waves on sand, the distinct cluttering of night insects, and his last waking thought was a wish for his bow. There was another day of patient plotting. Two. Three. Raph, led by the hen, helped over rocks and obstacles which were only dark blurs to his watering eyes, raged inwardly and sometimes outwardly, against the slowness of their advance, his own helplessness. His fear grew until he refused to credit the fact that the blurs were sharpening an outline, that he could now count five fingers on the hand he sometimes waved desperately before his face. When he spoke of the future he never said, if we reached the ship, but always when, refusing to admit that perhaps they would not be in time. And Dahlgard, by his anxiety, tried to get more news from the north. When we get there will you come back to earth with us? The pilot asked suddenly on the fifth day. It was a question Dahlgard had once asked himself, but now he knew the answer there was only one he dared give. We are not ready. I don't understand what you mean, Raph was almost querulous. What is your home world? Pax is gone. The Federation would welcome you eagerly. Just think what it would mean, a tearing colony among the stars. A tearing colony. Dahlgard put out a hand, steadied Raph over a stretch of rough shingle. Yes, once we were a tearing colony.  Raph faced the misty figure, trying to force his memory to put features there, to sharpen outlines. The scout was of middle height, a little shorter in stature than the crewman with whom the pilot had lived so long. His hair was fair, as was his skin under its suntan. He was unusually light on his feet, and possessed a wiry strength Raph could testify to. But there was that disconcerting habit of mine reading and other elusive differences. Dahlgard smiled, though the other could not see that. You see, deliberately he used the mind-touch as if to accent those differences the more. Once our roots were the same. But now from those roots different plants have grown. And we must be left to ourselves a space before we mingle once more. My father's father's father was a tearing. But I am—what!—we have something that you have not, just as you have developed during centuries of separation, qualities of mind and body we do not know. You live with machines. And, since we could not keep machines in this world, having no power to repair or rebuild, we have been forced to turn in other directions. To go back to the old ways now would be throwing away clues to mysteries we have not yet fully explored, turning aside from discoveries ready to be made. To you, I am a barbarian, hardly higher in the scale of civilization than the mermen. Raph flushed, would have given a quick and polite denial, had he not known that his thoughts had been read. Dahlgard laughed. His amusement was not directed against the pilot. After it invited him to share the joke, and reluctantly, Raph's peeling lips relaxed in a smile. But, he offered one argument the other had not cited, what if you do go down this other path of yours so far that we no longer have any common meeting-ground? He had forgotten his own problem and the others. I do not believe that will ever happen. Perhaps our bodies may change, climate, food, ways of life can all influence the body. Our minds may change, already my people with each new generation are better equipped to use the mind-touch. Can it communicate more clearly with the animals and the mermen? But those who were in the beginning born of terror shall always have a common heritage. There are and will be other lost colonies among the stars. We could not have been the only outlaws who broke forth during the rule of Pax, and before the blight of that dictatorship there were at least two expeditions that went forth on galactic explorations. A thousand years from now, Stranger will meet with Stranger, but when they make the sign of peace and sit down with one another, they shall find that words come more easily, though one may seem outwardly monstrous to the other. Only now we must go our own way. We are youths, setting forth on our journey of testing, while the elders wish as well, but stand aside. You don't want what we have to offer? This was a new idea to raff. Did you truly want what the city people had to offer? That caught the pilot up. He could remember with unusual distinctness how he had disliked, somehow feared the things that they had brought from the city's storehouse, how he had privately hoped that Hobart and Lablet would be content to let well enough alone and not bring that knowledge of an alien race back with them. If he had not secretly known that aversion, he would not have been able to destroy the globe and the treasures piled about it. But his protest was hot, angry. We are not them. We can do much for you. Can you? The calm question sank into his mind as might a stone into a troubled pool, and the ripples of its passing changed an idea or two. I wish that you might see Homeport. Perhaps then it would be easier for you to understand. No, your knowledge is not corrupt. It would not carry with it the same seeds of disaster as that of those others. But it would be too easy for us to accept, to walk a softer road, to forget what we have so far won. Just give us time. Raph cupped his palms over his watering eyes. He wanted badly to see clearly the other's face, to be able to read his expression. Yet it seemed that somehow he was able to see that sober face as sincere as the words in his mind. You will come again, Daugard said with certainty, and we shall be waiting because you, Raph Kirby, made it possible. There was something so solemn about that that Raph looked up in surprise. When you destroyed the core of those others holding, you gave us our chance. For had you not done that, we, the Mermen, and the other harmless, happy creatures of this world, would have been wiped out. There would be no new beginning here, only a dark and horrible end. Raph blinked, to his surprise that other figures standing in the direct sunlight did not waver, and beyond the proudly held head was a stretch of turquoise sky. He could see the color. Yes, you shall see with your eyes and with your mind. Somehow Daugard spoke aloud. And if the spirit which rules all space is kind, you shall return to your own people, for you have served his cause well. Then as if he were embarrassed by his own solemnity, Daugard ended with a most prosaic inquiry. Would you like shellfish for eating? Moments later, wading out into the water-swirld sand, his boots kicked off, his toes feeling for the elusive shelled creatures no one could see. Raph felt happier, freer than he could ever remember having been before. It was going to be all right. He could see. He would find the ship. He laughed aloud at nothing, and heard an answering chuckle, and then a whoop of triumph from the scouts stooping to claw one of their prey out of hiding. It was after they had eaten that Daugard asked another question, one which did not seem important to Raph. You have a close friend among the crew of your ship? Raph hesitated. Now that he was obliged to consider the point, did he have any friends, let alone a close one, among the crew of the RS-10? Certainly he did not claim one stead who had shared his quarters. He honestly did not care if he ever saw him again. The officers, the experts, such as Lablet, quickly face and character of each swept to his mind and was as swiftly discarded. There was Siriki. He could not claim the Comtec as any special friend, but at least during their period together among the aliens he had come to know him better. Now, as if Daugard had read his mind, and he probably had, thought Raph with a flash of the old resentment, he had another question. And what was he—is he like? Though the pilot could see little reason for this, he answered as best he could, trying to build first a physical picture of the Comtec and then doing a little guessing as to what lay under the other's space-burned skin. Daugard lay on his back, gazing up into the blue-green sky. Yet Raph knew he was intent on every word. A merman padded up, settled down cross-legged beside the scout, as if he, too, were enthralled by the pilot's halting description of a man he might never see again. Then a second of the sea-people came, and a third, until Raph felt that some kind of a noiseless council was in progress. His words trailed away. And then Daugard offered an explanation. It will take us many, many days to reach the place where your ship is. And before we are able to complete that journey your friends may be gone. So we shall try something else, with your aid. Raph fingered the little bundle of his possessions, even his helmet with its com-phone was missing. No. Again Daugard read his mind. Your machines are of no use to you now. We shall try our way. Now! Wild thoughts of a big signal-fire. But how could that be sighted across a mountain range? Of some sort of an improvised comm-unit? I said, our way. There was a smile on Daugard's face, visible to Raph's slowly clearing vision. We shall provide another kind of machine, and these, he waved at the merman, will give us the power, or so we hope. Why here? he gestured to the sand beside him. And think only of your friend in the ship, in his natural surroundings. Try to hold that picture constant in your mind, letting no other thought trouble it. Do you mean send a message to him mentally? Raph's reply was half protest. Did I not so reach you, when we were in the city, even before I knew of you as an individual? The scout reminded him. And such messages are doubly possible when they are sent from friend to friend. But we were close, then. That is why, again Daugard indicated the merman, for them this is the natural means of communication. They will pick up your reaching thought, amplify it with their power, beam it north. Since your friend deals with matters of communication, let us hope that he will be sensitive to this method. Raph was only half convinced that it might work. But he remembered how Daugard had established contact with him, before, as the scout had pointed out they had met. It was that voiceless cry for aid which had pulled him into this adventure in the first place. It was only fitting that something of the same process give him help in return. Obediently he stretched out on the sand and closed his dim eyes, trying to picture Siriki in the small cabin which held the comm, slouched in his bucket seat, his deceptive posture that of a lax idler as he had seen him so many times. Siriki, his broad face with its flat cheekbones, its wide, cheerful mouth, its heavy, littered eyes. And having fixed Siriki's face he tried to believe that he was now confronting the Comtec, speaking directly to him. Come, come and get me, south, seashore, Siriki, come and get me. The words formed a kind of chant, a chant aimed at that familiar face in its familiar surroundings. South, come and get me. Raph struggled to think only of that, to allow nothing to break through that chant or disturb his picture of the scene he had called from memory. How long that attempt at communication lasted the pilot could not tell, for somehow he slipped from the deep concentration into sleep, dreamless and untroubled, from which he awoke with the befogged feeling that something important had happened. But had he gotten through? The ring of mermen was gone, and it was dawn, gray, chill with the four warnings of rain in the air. He was reassured because he was certain that in spite of the gloom his sight was a fraction clearer than it had been the day before. But had they gotten through? As he arose, brushing the sand from him, he saw the scout splashing out of the sea, a fish impaled on his spear. Did we get through? Raph blurted out. Since your friend cannot reply with a mind-touch, we do not know. But later we shall try again. To Raph's peering gaze, Dalgarde's face had a drawn, gaunt look, as if he had been at hard labour during the hours just past. He walked up the beach slowly, without the springing step Raph had come to associate with him. As he settled down to gut the fish with one of the bone knives, the scout repeated, we can try again. Half an hour later, as the rain swept in from the sea, Raph knew that they would not have to try. His head went up, his face eager. He had known that sound too long and too well ever to mistake it, the drone of a flitter motor cutting through the swish of the falling water. Some trick of the cliffs behind them must be magnifying and projecting the sound, for he could not sight the machine. But it was coming! He whirled to Dalgarde, only to see that the other was on his feet, and had taken up his spear. It is the flitter! Siricci heard! They're coming! Raph hastened to assure him. For the last time he saw Dalgarde's slow, warm smile, clear than he had ever seen it before. Then the scout turned and trotted away toward a fringing rock wall. Before he dropped out of sight behind that barrier he raised the spear in salute. Swift and fortunate voyaging! he gave the farewell of Homeport. Then Raph understood. The colonists meant just what he had said. He wanted no contact with the spaceship. To Raph he had owed a debt and now that was paid. For the time was not yet when the men of Astra and the men of Terra should meet. A hundred years from now perhaps, or a thousand, but not yet. And remembering what had summoned the flitter winging toward him, Raph drew a deep breath. What would the men of Astra accomplish in a hundred years? What could those of Terra do to match them in knowledge? It was a challenge, and he alone knew just how much of a challenge. Homeport must remain his own secret. He had been guided to this place, saved by the Mermen alone. Dalgard and his people must not exist as far as the crew of the RS-10 were concerned. For the last time he experienced the intimacy of the mind-touch. That is it, brother. Then the sensation was gone as the black blot of the flitter buzzed out of the clouds. From behind the rocks Dalgard watched the pilot enter the strange machine. For a single moment he had an impulse to shout, to run forward, to surrender to his desire to see the others, the ship which it brought them through space, and would, they confidently believed, take them back to the Terra he knew only as a legend of the past. But he mastered that desire. He had been right. The road had already forked, and there was no going back. He must carry this secret all the rest of his life. He must be strong-willed enough so that Homeport would never know. Time. Give them time to be what they could be. Then in a hundred years, or a thousand. But not yet. End of chapter. End of book. Thank you for listening.


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We're now going to enter into a bit of conversation and hopefully some disagreement from the other people I have around this table. And then from all of you. Maybe I can start with you, Judy. Judy Weisman from LSE. A lot of what we've been hearing about is how a city becomes self-aware, reflective of its own physical movements and emotions and all sorts of other things a oedd y cyfnodd y byddwyr yn ddweudio'r cyfnodd ond y cyfnodd gysylltio. Yn yw'n gwybod yw'r cyflwyno? Yn y cwnodd yw'r gweithio? Mae'n cael ei wneud. Mae'n rhiwf yn gweld y gallwch yn drwsio'r cyllidau, felly fyddwch chi'n gweithio'r cyfrifio. Mae'n gweithio'r cyfrifio a'r cyfrifio boileddau yw'r cyfrifio'r cyfrifio'r cyfrifio'r cyfrifio. There are interesting issues about big data but I must say that I couldn't help thinking as he was speaking about the very same logarithms being causally implicated in the financial crisis, and a lot of the big data sets that we've been hearing about as being efficient. Actually haven't been efficient in terms of their... in terms of the financial sector and the economic sector. And I must say as I hang out with sociologists of technology when I get paranoid about surveillance they're always the first to tell me this stuff doesn't work too, don't worry about it, they're completely exaggerated claims that are being made. So I think yes, in some ways the big data can do things, but I think it's incredibly limited as well. But can I just take a minute to say one other thing I'd sort of like to throw into the conversation. I'm sort of very struck by how we've been talking about the Electric City, but we really haven't said very much about the Electric home a gweithio y gweithio mewn cyfanc yn y maen nhw'n gweithio i'r ddweud. Felly, dwi'n gweithio'r ffordd o'r hâlyiau arall, dwi'n gweithio'r ffordd ymlaen i'r ddysgu'n ddysgu'n ddefnyddio'n ddysgu'n ddau'r nghymniadau o'r gyfnodau seithio'r ddau. y dyn ni'n gweld cy learnsio a bwrdd cynno cyllidellwyd yn gyfansio'n gybringsio cychwyn ar gyfer cyfansio cyllidellwyr. Felly yn gallu i ddim yn ein bod yna'n ddif wedi'u cyfolio felly wedi'u bwrth iddo i'r wneud iddyn nhw i'r wneud hynny o'r cyflwyng i ddim ychydig iddyn nhw'n ôl yn gyfrifio cyfansio. Roedd yna bod ni'n haf nodi'r cyfeirio am luaeni am yr ysgriff a'r ffordd arno'n cael mynd efallニ, yn y wneud fel hynny, pedw i chi ffordd i chi yn rhan, ond eich Mych, ond nid yw dweud sut mae'n gweld ymweld at mwyaf email hyd yn ymddangos am ddechrau. Mae i wedi bod dweud o'r menu os am fynd i ymddangos ymdaint yw gwell o wneud thru ei wneud ymddangos. I achos ydych chi'n gynllunio a'i bobl o'r hyffredig o'r ddatblygu a chanol yn hynny i mwyawn ychydig chi'n gweld a gweithio i chi yn oed yn ymddangos a'i gweithio ymddangos and there must be some interesting lessons and why did that not happen Aisha? I think that before I answer that I think what was really missing and partly what you're talking about goes to that. We've been taking citizens of cities to be these passive individuals to which technology happens. I think that we should remember that we're living in the information age and a number of us have already been giving away a lot of information and participating in information bydd i'r adweydd ymddangos cyfnod a gweithio siaradol arall ac mae'n gweithio ymddangos a'r adroddiad. Roeddion gŵr hynny maid arall a'r adroddiad i'n ffigurio'n adroddiadau arbellnol sydd adroddiadau a'n deithas bydd yw'r adroddiadau arbennig iawn i gmwyll yn ei gennych cyd, oherwydd hefyd ar meters, oherwydd i'r rhan yn gyfarwydd a'r adroddiadau yn ei gael i'r adroddiad ac eich cymdeilio'n adroddiadau. It's beautiful and dangerous at the same time because once it becomes invisible, when somebody puts up a bridge I know what's happening. But when somebody changes the software and it now has facial recognition in it, I don't know that. So coming back to Facebook, Facebook acquired Face.com, which is an Israeli company last year, nobody really talks about it. What has Facebook been doing for one year with this company? yn gwneud o gweithio'r algwrethau sy'n dweud. Felly, rydyn ni'n gwybod yw'r cyfnod, rydyn ni'n gweithio'r cyfnod, dweud o'r cyfnod sy'n dweud, a'r cyfnod yw'r cyfnod, a'r cyfnod o'r cyfnod fyddai'r cyfnod, y gallai ei wneud o'r reisio'r cyfnod oherwydd mae hynny ymdwys i'w rai'r cyfnod o'r cyfnod i'w cyfnod. A gyd, o'r cyfnod o'r cyfnod, I think that the smart home has been another one of these things that, like Mastar, like Songdo, like Living Planet, are things that are still not realistic. If you go to Living Planet and I've been there, it's a greenfield city, it's literally greenfield, they're just greenfields there. It's not going to be a reality. I've been to Songdo, the simulations don't really depend on them, we're really not there yet. But they are possible with cheap sensors to outfit homes where it is possible to take care of our elderly. And I think those are the kinds of things that we begin to think about or we can get some inspiration from frugal innovation in the developing world, like even in China where they have been able to make cheap adjustments to homes. It's still not this futuristic home where we have a robotic nanny who comes and cleans up the home, but we can improve the quality of life through cheaper technologies and mesh networks. Very important point there about presentations, perhaps we could have a rule in the future, you can only show photographs of real places, not the simulations, there's been a whole series of future cities presented entirely through the plans and I would say when I first went to New Songdo and found it was just mud, I was a bit disappointed. And all of you actually presented simulation photographs, not real ones, which does slightly confuse this debate. Mark. Yes, I was interested that I come from the world of lighting, which curiously throughout all of the conversations about smart city yesterday didn't really get a mention, which is and it's one of those perhaps it's sort of considered to be a dumb technology, but it's in a way there's actually a very smart technology that we've adapted and used over many centuries in different ways, started as an autonomous technology is now something that's delivered to us through the electric city, which has an enormous power starting in our home and working out into the city to sort of bring us together both socially and also inform our economic lives. So one of the things I've been interested in listening to and in a way we sort of started with Jason Hawks' lovely film where actually what I like about that sort of image of the city of night is the fact that people are working in their buildings, you can see that people are working in the buildings, you see whether somebody's home or not, you see the transactions taking place in the streets revealed through lights. What I really wanted to sort of pick up on was this idea that Richard introduced and Adam was talking so well about sort of using new tools well and how you can actually use technologies to bring people together because I think light actually or lighting does that in the city. I mean on a social level, I mean Don Slater at the LSE has just started a project looking at how sort of the social impacts of light, if you see what I mean, I think it's a sort of fascinating project to begin with and I think that's going to be a major, there's very little research into this and I think it's going to be a major area to promote. But also what I'm, we're particularly interested in is also the sort of economic power of this technological layer of lighting which informs other smart layers and what it actually does for our cities. I mean I was reading a report that said that the UK economy, the night time economy is actually worth 66 billion to the UK of which actually Westminster itself has a 2 billion pound night time economy. So what we begin to understand is that if light is a sort of social thing or is a sort of tool for social cohesion, we've told stories around a campfire, we now do a sort of larger version of that. In fact buildings now tell our stories through light, media screens, et cetera. But if we look at that aspect and then we look at how actually powerful that seemingly done but I think actually quite smart layer lighting in our cities can be to actually help us economically. What we see is that the tools that we certainly work with as lighting designers are perhaps one of those tools can be used, sort of you said using new tools Richard, I think it's like using an old tool lighting to sort of bring us together. Which then feeds into the home and I think the home, you know, we haven't addressed the smart home because I think actually people are quite used to working with technologies like lighting, switching a light on, switching it off, dimming it down and dimming it up and actually they are using technologies in a smart way if you give them to them in a way that they can understand. Just one little question, what's the role of darkness in the future, smart city and smart home? Well, we're very interested as lighting designers in darkness. I came back from a very interesting conference, a very small conference in Chile a few weeks ago which was the first international conference on darkness. It was the first. It's a hot topic darkness. You might think a lighting design was very unwelcome at this conference but not at all. I mean, you know, many of us are doing a lot of work in addressing issues such as light pollution, the adverse impacts that the fact that cities never sleep then stops us sleeping. That darkness I think in the future city needs to play a role. I mean, just like landscape played a role in the 18th and 19th century developments of cities was quiet and contemplative spaces, you know, I think dark areas of cities will be necessary to preserve to help us all live well. Michael Kimmerman, can you tell us what of what you've heard in the last hour or so do you think would actually enhance the creative capacity of a city, the ability of people to make something creative in their lives or work? Yeah, I've been struck by a bunch of things that people have said including I like the story of the breakdown of your project in Saragosa because of course it is precisely when the technology... You speak slightly closer to that. Yeah, sorry, sorry. I thought it was interesting that when the technology of your project broke down, you found people making an interesting use of this space and yeah, I've been very... Naturally, I inclined to agree with much of what Adam and Richard are saying which is to say that cities cannot be just technologically designed from above and that they... But I have a certain faith in the resilience of this, you know, Oscar Niemeyer died yesterday and Brazilia is a very interesting case, I mean he didn't design it but it struck me that he once said you know that you might not want to live in Brazil but it's a real city. And I think it's a good example of the adaptability of humans that we have to what are often top down things. So I think technology is a good case of this that we make use of technology to a large extent in ways that cannot be anticipated. And then the question really becomes as Adam raised I think quite properly access to this information. What does it really mean to have open data? How is this really going to happen in such a way? I take your, for instance, your patio of the restaurant in front of Scala but I was noting as I saw that you probably have to buy a coffee to sit there. So this question of the relation of commerce and access to information I think is important but here's what I was going to say that I think the resilience is the creative answer to your question. That is to say Adam mentioned occupy sandy. So to me this remains a very interesting paradigmatic example. You have an argument often made about Taurier and many other places that it is propelled by a shared technology, Facebook, Twitter. This is not really so much true. It's certainly propelled by mobile phones and SMSing. But to a large extent it's propelled by people coming together in an actual real space, the kind of spaces Richard's talking about. That the need for these spaces and the power of actual space and for the kind of interactions that can only happen face to face cannot be simulated. That this has been trumping all of the predictions in a way about the uses of technology, about the ways in which people network that I think in very profound ways we are constantly overestimating the power of technology to shape our actions in our cities. I believe that there are genuine threats to security and great potential in the shared information we're all talking about. But I also believe that as this evolves we will find ways to access this information and make use of it. The one last thing along these lines, I'll shut up about it, but I was struck after the hurricane Sandy by the issues of how we need to think about redesigning in New York and what this means both technologically and physically in terms of moving neighbourhoods and so forth. I was reminded of the case of Lockwila. I was struck in the case of Lockwila where many of you may recall there was a big earthquake in 2009 and since which the centre of the city, the historic core urban centre, the identity of this great regional city has not been repaired. I was struck that the Italian prosecutors have convicted the meteorologists for failing to predict essentially for a technological failure but have not yet prosecuted all of the government officials and others who I'm not suggesting they need to be prosecuted but let's keep our eye on the ball, those people who really are killing the city, who really killed the city which is to say they have failed to recognise that the city is a network of streets and spaces and the absence of the rejuvenation of that historical centre that Lockwila is essentially a dead city. Again it's the overestimation in a certain sense of the technological aspect and of the importance of actual real spaces that I think is something we're not focused on. Can I take us back to where Richard really began this morning which is the question of what kind of city is cognitively enhancing or a mind enhancing environment. We have many smart technologies which are about essentially material flows of energy or transport and so on which probably aren't inherently that mind enhancing but you're I think asking a question of what kind of city actually smartens people up rather than dums and down. Now this relates to the question of the programmability of the city, all the technologies we've talked about are very good at reducing disruption to use Adam's point. There's a very interesting finding in educational technology that for children to learn well is actually quite important. Their rewards are slightly unpredictable and slightly random. They learn much better with random rewards than very predictable ones and it may be the same as true of a city as a whole. Who around this table wants to offer an insight into and ideally an evidenced insight into what kind of urban environments actually do smarten up rather than stupefine? I've got an example of that and again it goes back to Occupy Sandy where this is the arm if you will of Occupy Wall Street that has turned itself to hurricane relief assistance in New York City, very consciously predicated on values of mutual aid and solidarity, a horizontal leaderless structure. What we find is that the spontaneous or near spontaneous self-organization of people into an extraordinarily not efficient but effective relief operation brings out resources that people I believe didn't know that they had and as a matter of fact people that in other contexts would be considered marginal in contemporary culture, discovering capacities in themselves, capabilities in themselves, predilections in themselves that they had been taught by society, by acculturation were not wanted, were not valued. What I've seen in the past several weeks is that through the process of forming this extended articulated network of mutual aid, people are discovering these amazing capacities in themselves and reconceptualizing the way in which they confront the world, reconceiving of themselves as actors. I have to say it's the most inspiring thing I've been involved in the last two decades. It's incredible to watch. I'd respond to your question if we all think back yesterday to the sudden star turn of the mayor and the prime minister announcing 50 million pounds to build a center for innovation. The reason that the area that we're in is a center for innovation already is that most of the firms that are here were not meant to be here. They had a very adverse relationship to their locality. They dealt with it. The agglomeration effects that they experienced were of people not exactly working together or competing against each other but in some very amorphous zone of exchange. Probably the most important institution around here for creative types is a pret-à-manger, which is around the corner, which is huge and which has evidently very good Wi-Fi reception. We've spent a lot of time there. The point I'm making is that when the prime minister and the mayor announced that now, there'll be a dedicated space to creativity. My thought was this area is now over. Over. So imagine if they were listening and they said, you're obviously right Richard, how should we spend that 50 million pounds? Pret-à-manger. By pret-à-manger. Well actually yesterday one of the speakers was very much talking about the importance of skills. What I wanted to say to Willards is don't build a building. Don't wreck higher education. That was a big theme yesterday in some of the speeches, actually that the higher the skill level in the population, the more innovative companies that you have. Michael, one sentence on how you would smarten up a city as it were. How I would smarten up a city. I think I would try to do it simply by democratising resources. I think that's really what it comes down to. That can be information and technology. And I like the idea of giving towards education rather than towards the centre. I mean Richard raised an interesting point in the paper, which was about the changing role of certain kinds of institutions. And here I think again this adaptability is interesting libraries I was thinking of. So libraries used to be of course a place where people needed to go for information. And now the line that most people have is books, well everything will be online, people don't need libraries. Actually libraries have become incredibly critical elements, especially in working class and poorer communities, I speak from New York as a good example, as community centres places for the elderly, cultural centres places for teens to go after school. The physical space is very important. And the people who design libraries now and think about this need to think of a new function for this. It's no longer the Carnegie Library, now it's the kind of community centre. So it's not quite an answer to your question, but what has happened? You have a technology that has changed the nature of the physical space and people have adapted to it in such a way that the institutions themselves change. I'd like to open up for comment, violent disagreement from the audience. Just on the library point, we actually worked with a library in south London which has got the public to put their own book collections on the library database. One of lots and lots of collaborative consumption tools which do give you the intelligence not only of the books, but also of getting to know people in your street, and so on. So we've got someone over here, and here, if you would stand up, introduce yourself and be as pithy as possible. That would be great. Hello, I'm Hillel Shokken. I think you asked what should be done to make a city more... I think the best thing to do is to take care that there will be people in the street and that you will know nothing about them. So there will be a possibility to make contact with somebody you don't know. As far as I'm concerned, cities are made for that. Cities are the predecessors of Facebook, and the success of cities only predicts the success of Facebook because Facebook follows the city. So that's one thing. The other thing about the 50 million, why not invest in free Wi-Fi in the street for people rather than making the temple, a patisserie station that was built as a temple for electricity? And now we are seeing a temple for IT technology. So I think we have to learn from the past and not build temples for technology. But temples for people. OK, I'd like some comment also on the face recognition, facial recognition technology, and is that the vision of heaven or hell? Over here, please. And do we want to sonar our vision of the future of the city or not? Blain duty from Arup. I enjoyed your critiques of the smart city, in particular the points around the stupefying effect of technology. But I think you also showed in your examples that urban design can equally be a stupefying factor in the examples that you showed. And I think that brings me to the larger point, which I think the critiques that Adam and Richard are part of, which is about how we make cities and how we, the role of leadership and the role of informed leadership and citizens in actually making cities. And I think this conference is a fantastic step forward in bringing urbanists into the debate. But we also need our urban designers and our leaders to be more informed about the potential of technology. Perhaps you could comment on that. Can I just ask you, cities are places of argument. What did you most disagree with that you heard? The examples of Mazdar and Songdo are potentially, perhaps not really where the debate is now. I think the debate now has moved on a lot in the last couple of years in terms of cities actually being a lot more informed. And I went to a recent conference in Barcelona around smart cities. And the talk there was all about citizen participation. So last year was a lot about the industry vision and Adam gave a very good talk last year about critiquing the role of industry. But I think now cities are being a lot more proactive and a lot more talking about citizen participation and the role of technology in enforcing economic development. Which by definition means not the greenfield sites where there aren't any citizens to participate. I would say that unfortunately the biggest problem in the world cities is not that they are too planned, but that they are too unplanned. Maybe Mazdar is too planned, but in the developing world we just have chaos and too much spontaneity in the slums, in the places that are growing in the wrong places where there is huge consumption of energy because they go. So of course I agree fully that some cities maybe is totally fine, but on the other hand you really need some interventions from some experts at some point that the city should grow in the right places, some planning. The question is how much planning? What should the planners do and what should be left for spontaneity? I'm going to ask all of our speakers about two sentences each to sum up, but let's try to get a couple more comments in. I'm going to make this a quick one. I'm Matias, I'm from Hamburg, I'm a transformation designer and I understand the electric city is also a very vulnerable one. Just you name Sandy, Electricity, the power loss. Now that I've seen these examples from Rio de Janeiro where you have this huge control room which I generally find a good idea towards more of a liquid city planning, for example power loss can also mean something very different in the future. If you imagine they have no power anymore in this control room, what will happen? Anarchy or mayhem, chaos, I don't know. So my question would be where are the firewalls for these kind of future sensible smart cities that should also be part of the system. Thank you. And how do you get resilience from buffers, whether it's your finance system or your power? Saskia. Saskia Sassan. I want to come back to the question of making the city or making city-ness. So it is especially Adam and Richard. And Adam, I want to just use your what you ended with which was that the smartness should be in the people making the city or making the neighbourhood making, etc. And that we should not think of the technology as containing the smartness. Now occupy movement you emphasize and you used a particular phrase because this was part of your final illustration and you said they discovered in themselves things they didn't know they had. No, I disagree. And they developed social capabilities. Now then I want to take it, what does that mean? Very, very briefly. Vis-à-vis the technology, making cities but we also need to develop capabilities in a way technical capabilities in the citizens. So I just wanted the two of you to address that briefly. Okay. I'm going to ask each of our panellists to say literally a couple of sentences. We have to respect coffee because Richard has reminded us it's all important to city life and coffee awaits us in about three minutes time. So Carlo, can we start with you? Sure. But instead of it's impossible to answer there's different points but I think there's one thing we all agree about and that's all of this is not about technology. All of this is about people but the potential for this and what we see in Occupy Wall Street and Occupy New York and what we see in the Arab Spring it's incredible. So something I would call like an urban spring. The fact that all of this allows really to change many dynamics of the city or participation what goes back to Jane Jacobs is the same thing but we can do it in a different way today and I think if we look at that then we can forget I think something yes I agree with one of the last comments a comment by Elaine I believe that some of the discussion was looking at things that were about smart cities a couple of years ago the smart city debate a couple of years ago song domas there and so on because really all of this is if you look at the other perspective about how this can allow people to in the bottom up to respond to these technologies then there's an exciting space of new possibilities there. Yes I mean I think it's following on from what Carlos saying about it in a way focusing on people I think you know what I was trying to say earlier was understand that there are technologies that have been around for a long time if you see what I mean that are getting smarter to not forget those that it's not just about new technologies but it's also about technologies that we've used for many centuries that are gradually getting smarter that people are familiar with that started perhaps autonomously and are now sort of organised systems and perhaps looking to some of those systems in order to sort of inform the debate further and not just focusing on perhaps some of the sort of the super smart technologies that have been talked about in the last 24 hours I'd like just to agree with the gentleman from Bogota and say that the debate between bottom up and top down I think is a false debate while it's necessary to empower people let's not forget that some planning is necessary in Asia and Latin America I always find it interesting when people talk about a smartphone application in New York that's crowdsourced and tells you when the trains are not running on time that's great but it'll tell me the same thing every day because the trains are never fixed in New York so you definitely need the physical and the soft infrastructure together and that requires large investments and governance and policy planning I have to echo exactly what Aisha was saying because apropo of Hurricane Sandy it's a very good example I think of and also what Enrique was trying to emphasise that this is not a binary thing in which it's bottom up top down you need to have large organisational top down planning things from technology and infrastructure and everything else and sometimes that involves political decisions which are not entirely democratic that's to say everyone cannot participate but the part of this I've just been struck by here and trying to emphasise is that I think there is this way in which people adapt technologies to adapt urban situations adapt Brazilia adapt whatever technological things they have in other words for all of our top down planning there is an inevitable kind of and healthy I don't mean to sound pie in the sky but I think a healthy way in which we tend to claim and reuse and remake what we're given from the top I think that's right in my presentations and writing I obviously give a very hard time to the command and control institutions but I think there is a role a very clear role and I echo I think it occurs to me that in a very neat way for me personally designed for network cities almost joins Saskia's life work and Richard's life work I think that it's the goal of these technologies and networks is the production of a metropolitan self and I that's what I see myself as working towards and I'm very delighted to hear that these are the themes that are emerging from this work I just wanted to kind of add a cautionary note because I'm very attracted by the notion of kind of the meeting strangers but I think people have this sense that particularly looking to young people everyone says let's look at how young people are using social media this is the future let's look at it well I have recently looked at all the data on how young Americans are using the social media and basically they are interacting very intensely with a group of friends they already know that actually it isn't this great extending of networks this great meeting of strangers and they're doing a lot in places like libraries so you know the world isn't virtual they're not living a lot of their worlds really virtually they're living it via the media with their mates and they need spaces in cities where they can relax and be with their mates and what one sees now very much in pubs in London and everywhere is that young people are kind of with each other and there's lots of other people there as well via the sort of technologies and they need a physical space in which to do that I wanted to take the opportunity to respond to your criticism which I couldn't so far so I guess the economic crisis or the algorithms that were relevant for the economic crisis were in part different because it was not so much about correlated data sets it was not so much about correlating these parameters of human life as more about like earning money or trying to organize economics in a way that you're able to gain things so I guess we have to be so my final statement I guess would be that we just have to be worried of these kinds of controls that are developing or that might be and might be made possible by these data sets and we it's more a contextual question it's not so much a yes or no question it's a contextual question in which situations is this possible and then we just have to I mean that's a theme that's repeatedly come up that we have to provide for freedom, the freedom to act to choose and kind of see the city maybe as a puzzle piece and allow us to keep the opportunity to piece it together in different ways well I'd like to make two final comments one is that oddly enough I think the issue of technology has made a different kind of configuration for interdisciplinary study of the city we need to know about things like how people experience complexity or simplicity and so on which are developmental and psychological questions and I think one of the things that will happen to urban studies at least in universities is the more technologically we get focused the more we have to really think about psychological issues as a domain for evaluating what happens the other thing that I'd like to say is I'd like to put in a plug for the research work that I and a group of colleagues are doing in the economics called Theatrum Mundi Michael is in the fault there are some people scattered around the room which is an attempt to look at what are the conditions social conditions of complexity in modern cities and how do they relate to urban culture and you can go on to our website here's my plug it's called Theatrum H-E-A-T-R-U-M dot that's right dash Mundi M-U-N-D-I dot org have I got it right? it doesn't matter anyhow this is a field of research for us about how complexity and culture combine together in cities and I'm sure Michael or somebody else can tell you the right way to get access to this wonderful website thanks Richard just two final comments from me before coffee one is perhaps an optimistic note which comes from the research of James Flynn some of you will be aware of his work on intelligence globally which shows that overall IQ goes out up about on average 0.4 a year and seems to correlate with urbanization and it's particularly the elements of intelligence which are about abstract conceptual reasoning and coping with ambiguity which seem to rise fastest and it opens up a great research program of what are the most intelligence enhancing environments and which ones don't as Judy said all the technologies we have don't automatically though encourage mixing of strangers and that may need a little bit of social engineering and design even in the modern city so in the spirit of that I would urge you over coffee to speak to at least one stranger about ambiguity and see what happens thank you all very much


Good morning world! Welcome back to the channel! Today we are going to be sharing with you guys the route that we are going to be taking on our Guinness World Record Attempt to be the youngest pair to circumnavigate the globe by motorcycle. We are Lavi and Oli and we have been travelling for the past five years. Now we love an adventure challenge like when we walked 3,000km across New Zealand, cycled 2,000km across Britain or drove 15,000km around Europe in a 500lb van. Well, enough for us and we were dreaming always for a big, big, big around the world trip.  In case you didn't see it in the last video, here are the main criteria Guinness World Records requires for a circumnavigation of the globe. Number one, the start and finish points must be in the same location. Number two, the journey should be continual and in one direction. Number three, the minimum distance travelled must exceed the equator's length or more than 24,900 miles or roughly 40,000km. Number four, the participants must pass through two approximate antipodal points during the attempt. Now antipodal points are two points that are directly on the opposite side of the globe to each other, like Christchurch in New Zealand and Acoruna in Spain or Wuhai in China and Valdiva in Chile. So this is the plan. So we'll be starting our journey here in the UK. We'll make our way down through Europe on the Transuro Trail, a super cool off-road trail created by the adventure motorcycle community through France, Spain and Portugal. From there we'll take a ferry across to Morocco where we'll ride down the West African coast all the way to Dakar, Senegal. We'll then ship the bike to Rio de Janeiro and follow the east coast of Brazil down into Argentina to tick off our first antipodal point in Preto Natales, Chile at the very southern tip of Patagonia. From there we'll follow the Pacific coast up through the jungles, mountains and deserts of South and North America to reach Vancouver, Canada, where another ocean crossing will take us to Vladivostok in eastern Siberia. After reaching our second antipodal point in Ulan Ude, we'll ride our way down into Mongolia where 3,000 wild kilometres later we'll reach Kazakhstan. Three and a half thousand kilometres later we'll take a ferry across the Caspian Sea to Azerbaijan, Georgia and finally back onto the Transuro Trail through Turkey, the Balkans, Slovenia, Italy, France and back to the UK. Now we are aware with the current global situation that plans can quickly change. So this route is by no means set in stone but we will make our way around the world one way or another that's for sure. So we have planned for this journey about two years, enough time to enjoy ourselves, to see the sights and to meet and ride with as many people as we can. We're also going to be trying to do as much off-road riding and wild camping as possible, getting as remote as the bike can take us and really getting out into the beautiful landscapes of the world. We still have a lot of planning to do and a lot of gear to get but we are super excited and we can't wait to get started. Stay tuned for the next episode where we're going to be seeing our new motorbike for the very first time, the adventure machine that's going to take us around the world. Please subscribe to the channel and join us on this epic adventure around the world. We will see you next time. Cheers!