So, do you ever just take a look at what's happening in the world and just have to ask yourself like, is this even real life? What is up everybody? This is Chris from the Rewired Soul, where we talk about the problem, but focus on the solution. And if you're new to my channel, what I like to do is take a look at what's going on in the YouTube community or pop culture in general, try to see what lessons we can pull from them to improve our own mental and emotional well-being. So if you're into that stuff, make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell. While you're at it, make sure you follow me on Instagram and Twitter at the Rewired Soul because my brand new book, Rewire Your Anxiety, is coming out this week and I'm giving away a bunch of free copies. So follow me on Instagram and Twitter at the Rewired Soul, alright? So before I jump into this video, I just want to have a talk, just me and you, real quick. So I've been talking with some other creators and some audience members, some Rewired Soldiers about the channel and something that's come up is when I look at my channel compared to others, you know, and I'm trying to find the differences, some people think that my videos seem a little less researched and I'm like, huh, well that's interesting because I follow stories for months or even years. But those of you who have been around for a while, like, you know the purpose of my videos, like, I'm just trying to give you some context and then see what you and I can both learn from watching these YouTubers or celebrities or movies or TV shows and see what we can learn from them, right? So I don't like going into all the details of all the stories because then at a certain point it kind of feels to me personally, like I'm just gossiping. Like I want to just kind of get to the point and then say, OK, what can we learn from this, right? But anyways, I'm going to try it. I'm going to try giving you some more context about Tanimojo and Jake Paul getting engaged. And I want all of you to just remember throughout this whole thing like this is about you, all right? Or maybe you know some friends who are being ridiculous like this as well, all right? So anyways, this has been going on for a few months, this relationship. And yeah, originally I was hoping I was praying to God that this was a PR stunt. Maybe it still is.  But anyways, Tanimojo was dating. Obviously she was dating Bella Thorne. And then, you know, when that thing ended, they're still friends. She started dating fake Justin Bieber, who was Brad Sosa. And just man, within months, months ago, it came out right around the time of Coachella, Tanimojo said that Brad Sosa cheated on her, right? And Brad made this like apology video and everything like that. And within like days, maybe even a week or two, this whole thing with Tanimojo and Jake Paul started. And it was like, OK, this is just for publicity, you know, whatever, get people talking about it and all of that. But anyways, Tanimojo was cheated on by Brad Sosa, OK? So now let's talk about Jake Paul. Jake Paul, his last two major relationships were with Alyssa Violet and Erica Costell, both of which he cheated on, all right? So if you watch the Shane Dawson docuseries and Shane Dawson interviewed like Jake Paul and Erica Costell and then he interviewed like Alyssa Violet and everything like that, like Jake Paul was not good. And there was a lot of things that came up during that series about emotional abuse and things like that. But then, you know, not long after the Shane Dawson series, Jake Paul and Erica Costell broke up and it came to light that Jake Paul was cheating on Erica Costell as well. So by the way, if you want me to do a video on like why people are attracted to cheaters, let me know because it does kind of blow my mind that Tanimojo is now dating Jake Paul. Tanimojo just got cheated on and she knows that Jake Paul is a known cheater, all right? So anyways, Jake Paul and Tanimojo, they started making videos together and, you know, seemingly hooking up and Jake Paul has like said some things to Brad Sousa and Jake Paul and Tana, they did this video that was like terrible. I was thinking about making a video on it where they like took care of these two kids because Jake Paul has kids around all the time. But anyways, and they were like joking around about what it's like to be parents.  It's like, no, no, like if you have a child that you're watching and you give it away, that doesn't mean that you're gonna be a good parent. Anyways, this has been leading up to Tanimojo's birthday and she just turned 21. Congratulations to you, Tana. Why congratulations? You just survived like, I guess that's a big deal. This is for Tanimojo to survive up to 21. But anyways, leading up to it, like she was publicly kind of like telling or pressuring Jake Paul into buying her a car, which isn't a big deal because Jake Paul is a multi-millionaire. But anyways, like I'm always looking at this stuff and I'm thinking about the example that it's being to other people. And like, yeah, Tana Mojo, like she knows how to work her audience and everything like that on Twitter and she was like getting everybody to retweet and, you know, hashtag like Jake Paul buy Tana a car and he ended up buying her a car. It looks like, all right. So anyways, her birthday just happened and yeah, it looks like they got engaged, all right. And this is awful from a million different angles, okay. Like again, I pray if there is a God that this is all a PR stunt, but let's talk about this because this is something that's actually very common and I wouldn't be surprised if they didn't, if they did get engaged. So one of the first things, aside from like knowing who you're getting with and knowing what their track record is, have they proven to you that they are changed or different person, but like rushing into things, right. Like this is one of the worst things that we can do in relationships when we rush into things. Maybe it's rushing into moving in with them, but especially like getting engaged, getting married and things like that because here's what you see with Jake Paul and Tana Mojo and like, this is why I want all of us to learn from it because we see this happen in so many other situations. Maybe you have a friend or maybe you were this person where in the beginning, like of course everything is amazing. It's the honeymoon phase, right. Everything's all like trial and lie. I know my God, we're so in love and like, you know, we're just making love and we're doing all these fun things and everything like that. But here's something that I learned a long time ago. Like how good a relationship is, isn't based on the best times. It's based on how you get through the struggles, all right.  Because sometimes what people find out after the whole honeymoon phase is like, the person they're dating and you might be able to relate to this. Let me know down in the comments below. Like the person you're dating is awful at being there for you. Like when you're going through a legitimately hard time, like that person doesn't know how to be there for you or they're very selfish or self-centered or whatever it is, right. So during the whole honeymoon phase, you can't tell that like, I've met people who like go into a relationship or whatever and then they had like a loved one pass away or maybe they lost a job or something happened with their friends or family members or whatever it is. And then the person that they were like so in love with during the honeymoon phase was just non-existent during that time and during that struggle.  And that's why we really need to realize that like it's based on our expectations, right. We jump into a relationship and we expect everything to be perfect forever.  It's going to be like this, you know. Like just to give you, you know, an example like my beautiful girlfriend, Tristan and I were now living together, but we didn't move in together for almost two years after dating. All right. The other thing that I want to talk about when it comes to Tanimojo and Jake Paul getting engaged like here's what bumps me out, all right. Like it seems like marriage and that whole thing it's just, it's just not even a big deal anymore. Like I remember like growing up and maybe it's because I was a romantic and everything like that.  It's like two people in love and like these soulmates coming together and like devoting themselves to one another and it's this huge deal. But something I realized as I got older and this has been a major issue especially in the United States for a long time is that people just get married all willy-nilly. Like I live in Las Vegas. Like I live in the city where people just come through get married, take off, you know. And like that's what bumps me out because it's like, it's not even a huge deal. The other thing that kind of bugs me about just people like rushing into marriages and stuff it's like when I see, you know, like people who are against like gay marriage I am just blown away. I am absolutely blown away with the amount of people who just rush into marriages the divorce rates are extremely high and all this like, why do you care that these two people who have like kind of fight for the right to get married? Like why do you care that they're getting married when so many, you know, straight, normal, normal couples are doing this every single day. And like to me that is tarnishing, you know the sanctity of marriage by just rushing into these things. So anyways, if this thing with Tana Mojo and Jake Paul is for real, I do not see it lasting very long. And here's the thing, here's what bumps me out. And like I'm no psychic but like I don't imagine this relationship working out. I made a video the other day. It seems like Tana Mojo is growing and things like that. But like Jake Paul has not changed. There is nothing about Jake Paul that has changed. And what bumps me out is seeing somebody like Tana Mojo when, if I'll say if because I'm trying to be an optimist here.  But I guess the last thing I'll say before I let you go like we really have to do a better job choosing the relationships that we even get in. Like we really need to assess the situation and say who is this person.  Like again, his track record is not great. So we need to realize when we get into relationships with somebody who is not a great person like we cannot be surprised when it doesn't work out. You know what I mean? But anyways, let me know if you have any experience with this down in the comments below. Have you ever rushed in anything? Have you rushed into moving in with somebody? Have you rushed into getting married to somebody or engaged with somebody? Having children with somebody? Whatever it is, let me know how that worked out down in the comments below. And I'm sure there's some outliers where it did work out pretty well, all right? But anyways, that's all I got for this video. If you liked this video, please give it a thumbs up. If you're new, make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell because I make a ton of videos. And don't forget, follow me over on Instagram and Twitter at the Rewired Soul. And I wanna send out a huge, huge thank you to everybody supporting the channel over on Patreon. You are all amazing. And don't forget, patrons, if you're at, I believe the $20 tier and up, you get all of my books for free, including Rewire Your Anxiety, which is coming out this week, all right? If you wanna become a patron, just click or type right there, real easy, all right? Thanks again so so much for watching. I'll see you next time.


Os ydych chi'n newid gyda Nigeriais Sometimes ti'n wneud, ond yn rhan defnyddio eich yrwg amser a mae'r cydweithiau palai mewn cyfigurau yn Rwyr Stryd. Mae'r ymarffraithau yen yn gallu dweud o oedd yn y cydweithiau cyfrifiadau ar y cydwyr ymlaen. Mae'r ysgol Fan yn gyweithio gan gyfunol yn Cydweith Joruit Barnau mae'r cydweithiau yn cyst-r 18 o fewn cyfwyliadau yn cydweithio cyfwyliadau, mae yn cydweithioissaeth sy'n cydweithio a'r cydweithiau yn cydweithio cydweithiau. Yn y gweithio gweithio, Gwfnawr Wyke had inspected two illegal refining sites recently discovered in Iquiri and Emoha local government areas by the council chairman. What's running us to discuss this is Sam Owanosike, the executive chairman of Iquiri local government area in Riverstate. Before that, we'll bring you a quick report on the visit of the governor to those illegal refiners and when we come back we'll have the conversation. Stay with us. Gwfnawr Wyke takes a tour of the illegal bond queen sites and it's a long walk through the track roads into the forest of Oboda community in Iquiri local government area. He moves into the forest of Ibar community in Emoha local government area with the Riverstate commissioner of police Iboca Friday and other security chiefs. The mission is to uncover some crude oil illegal refining sites. Gwfnawr Wyke talks tough. When you come to doing this and killing my people, no one is never government will learn that. And I can tell you with all due respect, we'll take this matter, we'll take this matter very seriously, all this matters with police. You have to retain the files so that we can prosecute the mother on her own, on her own. I don't want any compromises anywhere. And then too, it's not been the ministry. You have to constitute a legal team.  Constitute a legal team so that we can do this prosecution to the last. Gwfnawr Wyke directs the state attorney general and commissioner for justice, Professor Zakiw Osadango, a senior advocate of Nigeria to take over the case files of illegal crude oil refinery operators arrested by the police. He wonders why the establishment of modular refineries as promised by the federal government is yet to function. Perhaps this could be the straight-in point to restoring clean air and areas affected by suits in the state. Wel, once again joining us is the local government chairman for Equirio Local Government in River State, Samo Wanusiki. Mr Wanusiki, thank you very much for joining us. I came for this opportunity and good evening for allowing me to use your platform to speak and communicate with Nigeria and to what it's about. I appreciate it. So it's interesting because I used to live in River State and I remember in 2016 when we made this an issue, people called into the radio station. There was even a protest at Government House on the issue of the suits, which I mean every single person who lives in River State understands how serious that is and of course we found out that it was as a result of illegal bunkering. But why is it now that the governor is going after culprits? I do remember that when we were asking the government to deal with this issue they said it was a federal government's jurisdiction. But why now? Yeah, you know first of all it must respect the rule of law as it's a shine in our constitution. If they say Imata is listed in the exclusive myth, then the state and the local government will have no business to come into it. But you know the vice president, Imata will respect so much Imata of God impastor. He came to the Nigeria data and told us that the federal government has made an arrangement to bring modular refinery to the people of the Nigeria data and that that modular refinery will end the issue of the silica bunkering. And we believed it and we waited all this while for the modular refinery to come on board. But like this current APC-ledged federal government like Nigerians and I used to know is no more a story for anybody to think about. It's in the market place that this federal government is used to shifting go-posts in every issue they have promised Nigerians. First of all the promised Nigeria that they will find security they failed. The promised Nigeria that they will prove in an economy they have failed. The promised Nigeria that will clean up Ogonik they have failed. The promised Nigerians they will make dollar one Nara to one dollar they have failed. In everything they have failed. So we thought they would have succeeded in the modular refinery issue. So we had to be patient. But it's not obvious and clear to us that the APC-ledged administration has no plan to talk about it in the modern federal anymore. Because as we are talking we are in the direction here already. So it is better late than never that the governor has come to see that look if we keep quiet and we keep waiting for this federal government we will die. Our people will keep dying. And the problem now is that it's not even the economic sabotage that people are. The hate hazard we are suffering. Young babies born are suffering. Pregnant women are suffering. Strangers will be suffering. We will be suffering.  I like putting on white clothes.  You spray them. You wake up. It turns to black. You go and take your bath in the morning to go to work in your clean bathroom. The next thing you find out everywhere is that in fact it is something we cannot take. So we now have to take our dust in our hands. See the federal government has abandoned us. They abandoned a lot of it. Even what is happening in this security everybody is not looking for a way to survive. So for me what the governor have done now is to save the life of the people of United States like he did during the COVID-19. So why ask the local government chairman, I'm sorry. You started by saying that you were respecting and obeying the rule of law. So I'm trying to understand if now you've jettisoned that rule of law to do what you're doing in your words to save the lives of rivers people. Again why ask local government chairman to tackle the issue instead of I mean looking at it from the state government's perspective what powers do the local government chairman have to deal with this issue? No. How do you understand the matter? The local government is an integral part. In fact the government closes to the people. The state government is not close to the people. The state government is still, that's why I like government. So he's very straightforward in dealing. He knows that he cannot sit in government as a protocol and realize all the sites where these issues are going on. But as chief executive officers of the local government system, the local government chairman has his food soldiers in all the political world and he has information of what is happening. Like you know that any crime that last more than 48 hours of government is involved. And so because the local government was worried that this activity is not in their poor view. They have to wait for this issue to be taken by the state. Now what the state is doing is not as if we are not aware that this issue of why Ebon Croy or oil and gas scene is to the report. We are talking about the health implication now. We have to be alive first before we talk about the law clock. We have to be alive before we talk about the federal government. Well we have seen clearly that President Muhammad but it doesn't even consider whether we live or we die. Then we have to wake up and say no, let's ice this matter with what is available to us. And if any local government chairman tells you that the government is not giving him back in, the government is lying. If any local government chairman has the support of the government, he has given us security agents, he has told you that if you discover a site, there's two million left for you. And all the local government chairmen are mustering everything they have to make sure all the sites are crossed as we speak today in the current local government. All the sites we have identified, even those who are doing trucking and using our roads, we are arresting them and taking them to the courts and they are paying before the courts and they will go to prison. And we are impending all the illegal products. Nobody, nobody, no stone will be left untone. We want to do it with politics and not do it with how highly placed you are. We want to be alive first as migrants. All right, let's talk about the economic aspect of this because you know there are many reasons. I have had to you know question some of these people who are involved in this illegal bunkering and they say well there is no source of livelihood, other sorts of livelihood and that the government has abandoned them and they're not talking about the federal government by the way. They're talking about the state government in terms of you know. Hold on, hold on, let me land. Hang on, just hang on, hang on, let me finish. Now it is the duty of every state government to one way or the other better the lots of its people and these people that are hosting these illegal refineries are citizens of your state. Now is it enough for the government of a river state to drive away the bullfire boys without giving them an alternative means of survival? What what is the assurance that they will not resort to another sort of crime that might become also a problem to the river state government? So what is the plan in the long term? Hold on, before you ask this question, I want to ask you a question.  Are you saying for his promises that he meant to Nigeria as a restructuring, fighting of his security, fighting corruption, excess growing, all the failures of present worry that all 200 million Nigerians should take up to arms and hit the street and start committing crime? Are you saying that that is going to be the result of the fact? No, you cannot dig a hole to close another hole. No, you cannot. We are saying that now we need to be alive first and we believe that because the APC layer that the session has failed, that in 2023 the People's Democratic Party will produce a government that will be able to manage Nigeria properly. You're going to talk about Nigeria and we're talking about your backyard here, river state, what I've been waiting for. Let me answer it. Good. Then if by the grace of God, PDP comes on board, we'll bring him profession, we'll just make promises. We don't go to all these things, the PDP is going this way. We don't make promises. When we say we'll do a thing, we'll get it done. All the PDP governors in Nigeria are going to do about the other employment in the state. Hold on now. Unemployment in river state. River state government is providing jobs. The construction site that river states have turned to, reverse men and women are those working in those sites. All the projects that you see that is commissioned back to back to back, they are not falling from the moon. They are done by human beings in river state. Now, if you say that the fish is rotting at the head, what will you do with the body? First of all, we run a federal system. The river state government want to attract foreign investment today into river state. We need an approval from the federal government. First of all, we are talking about restructuring. Just to take it back to that place. We are talking about restructuring. If you restructure the system properly and you say we owe the federal government to pay them tax, that it is us now to manage our resources. We should manage the oil and the gas. We should have our own state police. Then the river state government can say we are going to get partners all over the world to come and invest in river state. And through the term, reverse the actual resources of this nation. We have the resources of Nigeria, of the state food and the federal government who has locked up all our available resources even during COVID. When we say don't come in, federal government insist that oil workers will come in without COVID tax. And that's what give us a spike. You know the truth. And the problem we are saying, Nigeria's are asking media moogwst like you. Please don't use your platform to sell lives. But if not Nigeria, the time has come for all our force for people to look at Nigeria that we can trust. We have to go. We have to go. Unfortunately, we are out of time. I want to say thank you. Simon Wanusike is the local government chairman in Equary local government of river state. Thank you so much for speaking with us. Well, that is the show for tonight. We want to thank you all for being part of the conversation. I am Mary Anna Cynall. See you tomorrow on Plus Politics. Have a good evening.


Well, it is September 3rd, and you know what folks, I just have to bring you the latest batch of Nintendo Switch to rumors, leaks, whatever you want to call them. Of course, none of this stuff is verified in any possible way. There's no way I can verify a lot of this stuff. However, a special notice, I did reach out to some of my developer friends. I don't have that many to be clear. It's only like two, maybe three, maybe two and a half. We'll put it at two and a half, because the third one I barely ever talked to. I just want to point out that I have heard a single thing about this system, and I'm not really sure what that means for these rumors and what this means for the leaks, but we're going to discuss all of this and dive deep into it. And the first thing that we're going to obviously talk about is this thing that appeared publicly yesterday and the day before, and that is that the Amiibo packaging has changed. Now, before we dive into that, and oh my gosh, some more stuff, including potential VR, just to remind you that, hey, we are on our road to 150,000 subscribers, so I would appreciate it if you would drop a like. Maybe comment down below as well, letting me know what you're most excited about for this platform, and wrangling that dingaling so you get notified of all of our future videos. All right, so what are we talking about with the Amiibo packaging? Well, Nintendo's been restocking and redoing Amiibo, and we talked about how some people are sort of relating this to something Smash Bros related, possibly being announced as the Nintendo Direct, but what's interesting is that some of these Amiibo are now being sold, and the back of the packaging has changed. So the original back of the packaging would tell you basically the platforms and maybe even some of the software that these Amiibo are part of or could be used in. So you would see the 3DS, the Wii U, and yes, the Nintendo Switch listed on the back, and sometimes you'd have a game like Super Smash Bros, or maybe it's Kirby of the Forgotten Land, or Tears of the Kingdom, right? You would have specific games mentioned. The new packaging for the exact same Amiibo now just says you can use Amiibo with compatible software and completely removes mentions of specific software, but more importantly, it removes mentions of specific hardware. Now, this normally would just mean not a whole lot, except that we are towards the end of the Nintendo Switch's life and that we use obviously been discontinued, the 3DS has been discontinued, so many people are speculating that this is a sign that Nintendo is future-proofing their new or restocked Amiibo releases in order to prepare for new hardware and just not make mention of hardware on the package so as not to confuse people that this wouldn't work on the new hardware because if you have packaging that has Switch, Wii U and 3DS on the back but it also works with Switch too, then not having Switch 2 listed on the back could confuse consumers. So instead, remove all of it and just say it can be used with compatible software, especially if Amiibo functionality is something you plan to basically never get rid of and will just be on all future hardware. So it is a sign, albeit a small one, that Nintendo is preparing to transition to the next system and this is one of the first official signs we have seen of it. Now, we do have another rumor coming in through the works and this has to do with Nash Weedle over on Twitter and look, I don't know if Nash Weedle is an actual insider or not. In fact, the term insider keeps being hotly debated when people should even use that terminology or call themselves insiders. Look, if you're in this industry long enough, your chances are you're gonna make connections. Look, I don't consider myself an insider but you know what, I do have some developer friends because I've been in this and doing this for a long time but it doesn't necessarily mean that I'm always privy to information that's even relevant or privy to information at all. I don't ask or at least I barely ever ask for information. Just once in a blue moon you should clarify some things and the interesting part here with Nash Weedle is he actually does have a bit of a track history of being correct, he's gotten some things right but then he also does some things that I don't like about that and that is tooting his own horn when he's correct. The last insider I remember tooting their own horn every time something they said was correct was Samus Hunter who we later found out was just stealing the leaks from more credible places and then the ones that were credible ended up being right, the ones that weren't ended up being wrong. So I don't know anything about this person, obviously they're from a different country, speak a different language, I've never talked to them directly but they've gotten some stuff correct in the past and as such I don't know and I cannot verify if what I'm about to share with you is real or not so here's what they put up on Twitter and I'll let you guys discuss it. So they said the Leak Express Nintendo already has a prototype in testing for VR glasses, virtual reality glasses. Now it goes into note, the Switch 2 is standalone hardware. Okay so this isn't included in the box, this would be like an accessory. Now the accessory, this VR glasses would have mixed reality, it's meant for home use and not in theme parks so this isn't something they're talking about being used at the Nintendo theme parks being opened up by Universal, this is something they're being talked about being used at home. It would have a micro led display. Now again, I'm pretty sure they're talking about the VR glasses themselves having their own displays rather than the Switch and then surprisingly Google is involved in some way in development which may or may not be that surprising Nintendo does use Google's servers and services for a lot of their online stuff and you know what they did develop VR glasses at one point that never really made it mainstream or got to market but it could be something that Nintendo may be willing to partner with them on since Google has done a lot of research and investment into it. Now we have seen various patents from Nintendo surrounding VR and people wearing their own glasses and some people using their phones and a system being docked and all of that so we have seen Nintendo do this and as original they've been testing prototypes of VR that's not really, I mean look on the surface it is totally believable that Nintendo has VR glasses, VR headset prototypes that they have tested, absolutely. But to have knowledge of this outside of the inner workings of Nintendo would suggest that these prototypes have gone out to third party developers or other people and I'm gonna say I haven't heard anything and I don't think anyone else has really heard anything in regards to VR that doesn't mean that there can't be VR some people assume maybe Nintendo would have VR as a optional accessory to this and so I'm not gonna rule this out and Nintendo did do Labo VR and maybe they're looking into some sort of VR thing as an accessory down the line for this next system. Again, I'm not gonna rule it out I just find it strange that anyone would really have this sort of direct knowledge of it but it is what it is. And then this is where I get into what I heard so I reach out to some of my developer friends just to be like hey, what's going on have you really heard anything? I'm not looking for new information, right? I'm not fishing for you to start telling me all the exact details of what the specs are. I just look, there's a lot of rumors swirling out there and I figured with all these rumors swirling out there now's the time to just sort of see if any of it could be verified and a couple of things from none of the people I talked to that I hear anything about VR again, none of them said it won't have it but it's just not, it's not part of the dev kits, right? So if it is something that's coming it is something that is definitely not being advertised or pushed to these developers. And really the biggest thing that I heard consistently with everyone I talked to was the power. Now I don't want you guys to oversell or overthink this again, I have now heard this from at least four different developers, two of which I know pretty well the other two, I don't know them as well but I just wanna emphasize that this is an approximation nobody is telling me exactly what the specs are even though one of them in particular one of them in particular would probably know. The Switch 2 from a power perspective this is just what I've been told is on par with a PlayStation 4 Pro. Take that to mean whatever you want. I have no idea, we've talked about before it possibly be in a PS4 and then in docked modes a PS4 Pro, I haven't got any clarification if it's in handheld it's a PS4 Pro because if it's in handheld it's a PS4 Pro and then you dock it, it's more than a PS4 Pro. So I don't know and I'm not gonna begin to speculate on this and what the T239 is capable of and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. This is just what developers have consistently told me that some of them hearing about games and or working on games for it is just damn, that's good, that's good. Again, I don't have anything beyond that to share. I wanna thank you guys for tuning in. I wanna get your thoughts on this down in the comments below and you know what, we have another week of news and headlines and stuff ahead so I can't wait and I will catch you guys in the next video.


The world over all cities if you look at them are going towards 24x7 improved water supply systems. Many people are really surprised that in India we don't even have one city with a 24x7 and many were even surprised that some cities get one hour of water in three days. I think this is a kind of a wake-up call to a lot of people in the water sector in India when they see what's happening around the world. I think this event has also helped bring a lot of those people from India who are working right from the corporate, the mayors, from the boards together. India requires multiple inputs in so far as prevention of water losses concerned. Number one is of course policy and strategy wise which involves technology as well, the kind of technology that needs to be used which is maintenance friendly and in India we have region specific climate zones. Secondly in so far as resource mobilization, how do we mobilize funds, how do we ensure private participation as well. Thirdly I think it is the change in the way people look at natural resource management as a life and death question for the entire humanity. Losses in many areas that we're talking about are up at 50-60% or higher. Once losses are at that level the interventions that you can be looking at will generally have a payback of six months or less in some cases. It's only once you're down at the 10-15% losses that you start looking at five or seven year paybacks. So it's important that the community are involved each step of the way. Water loss is very much part of the problem of managing a network and what I found interesting is that often people get quite short-sighted about water loss so they focus in on how you find leaks, maybe how you control pressure rather than thinking about the bigger picture. So maybe some of the problems are being continued just because pipes are not being installed very well or they're not being repaired very well.


Good afternoon. I'm Patrick Mann, the executive director of the National Archives Foundation on behalf of the National Archives and our Foundation. Happy July 4th. Thank you for spending part of your holiday with us. The National Archives Foundation is the non-profit partner to the National Archives and we're delighted to work with the archives on these terrific programs today. Before we start, we want to thank our sponsors, John Hancock, AARP and Dycoma, who helped make today's programs possible. And we will be taking your questions as part of this program. This is not a sit-around and watch independence day. This is an interactive day. We'll be using the YouTube chat. So if you would now, please put your hometown and your state in and I'll give you a shout out later on. Remember, you don't need to wait until the very end to ask your questions. Just throw them in there and I'll try and get through as many as we can. So now, let me introduce our special guest, someone you might not be as familiar with as some of our previous program guest, Ned Hector. He was a revolutionary war hero, a free black man noted for his courage and he's going to tell us more about himself and I know we'll hear about the battle of Brandywine, which is quite interesting. Bombardier Hector, happy 4th. Are you with us? I am indeed. Very good. I know you have lots to tell us. So let me pass the program over to you and jump right in. Thank you, good sir. I have been asked, what would it what was it like to have been a person of color during the American Revolution? Well, I thought about this. I said very well for that. I would like to invite you to step into my shoes. It is rumored that 10 to 25% of Washington's army were people of color. It is also said that twice as many Africans serve Britain than America. Some of you look rather surprised about that. Allow me to do something here. Did you feel that? Good. You're probably wondering what I just did to you. I've just turned all of you into black enslaved people. Before you start coming at me, I did it for a reason. I want you to stand in their shoes. I want you to see through their eyes.  Good. Well, when General Washington took over the army in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he seemed rather bothered by the fact that there were so many Africans in his ranks. Is it that he has never seen Africans before? No. In fact, by the end of his life, he would have over 300 enslaved in his various properties. So it's not that. I wonder what it might be. Could it be that these people in his army have something that the enslaved ones don't? I wonder what that might be. Yes. You've guessed it. They're armed. These are fighting black people. They're soldiers. Well, isn't that what you want in an army? You want men that will fight, right? So what is the problem? Think about General Washington. Where is he from? He's from Virginia. And what is he? He is a plantation owner. He's a slave owner. What one thing does a plantation owning slave owning man? What one thing does he not want to see? You're right.  So he really doesn't like the situation. You wonder how do I know that? Well, afterwards, he issues orders. There will not be allowed any blacks in the continent army, neither slave or free. Of course, great offense is taken to this by us Africans. After all, we have been fighting and dying from the beginning of the war. We were at Lexington, Concord, Breeds Hill and Bunker Hill. In fact, we Africans had been sacrificing for this cause even before the war had started. In Boston, on the town square, there is a confrontation between the Bostonians and the Redcoats. Suddenly shots ring out. And when the smoke clears, five lay dead, one of which is a black man. His name, Christmas Attucks.  Not in the war, because that would not start until much later. Of course, we Africans complain about George Washington's orders. Eventually, General Washington changes his orders. He says that he will allow free blacks to join the continent army. Nonetheless, they'll run away stays figure out some way to slip into the army. Do you think he changes his orders because we blacks are complaining? No, I don't think so. I think he's reasons that I can have these people fighting for me or against me. About the same time, John Murray, Lord Dunsmore, the loyal governor of Virginia, issues his own orders. All slaves living in Virginia belonging to rebels. If you will rise up and fight for the crown, you will be given your freedom. And let us face it. If you are an enslaved person, your main concern above all is to gain your freedom. On the American side, as a general rule, you don't know if you will be given your freedom at the end of this war or not. You're hoping that an old tradition from the Greek and Roman times will be kept. That is, when a slave fights for his country, they in turn are granted their freedom. So there are a lot of Africans fighting for their freedom. Who don't know or fighting for this country's freedom? Who don't know if they're going to have their own freedom or not by the end of this war? But yet they fight. And tell me, who do you really think is going to win in a fight between Great Britain and a bunch of farmers and merchants? And of course, I'm sure that you want to be able to win inside because we branded losing side as traitors worthy of execution. Tell me, have you seen our American soldiers? Brave men who are willing to fight and if necessity dictates to die for their families, for their homes, for what they believe in, but they're not well trained soldiers. On the other side, the British well trained, well supplied, well led, arguably one of the best armies in the world. Tell me, who do you really think is going to win in this conflict? So tell me, what side are you going to pick? I thought so, the British. Now, do you understand why twice the many of our people are on the British side? However, I do think it is amazing that so many of my fellow blacks would stand and fight for America when so many of our people are enslaved here. All of us blacks, are we all of the same heart and mind about fighting for America? No, no more than you are of the same mind on anything with anyone else. There are at least five different reasons we blacks might be in the army. First, you could be a free man, like myself, that believe in the cause or have a great dislike of how we were treated by the British. Secondly, it might be merely a way of getting paid, eat and live. Thirdly, you could be a runaway slave hiding out in the army, hoping for your freedom when it's over. Fourthly, you could be a substitute who is taking the place of your master or your master's sons or someone else in exchange for your freedom. Fifthly, you could have come from the outside of the country as was the case with a unit that came in from Haiti with the French. All these people would have different reasons and they probably would very greatly. Do you think that we all are the same? I think not. However, in the end, we join together to win our country's independence. It is conceivable that without the contribution of all these people of color, we might not be able to win the war at all. Well, I'm glad at least you've gotten a view from the person to be in their shoes. Oh, before I forget, I want to change you back. I don't want people talking about you. You came one way. I've changed you back. I do hope now that you have an idea of what it was like. I beg you, do take care of the freedom that we fought so hard for you to have. Then we will be able to rest peacefully. My friend, Patrick, I believe that there are some questions about some of the things that about what we talked about or maybe about myself. Absolutely. Thank you for that overview. Can you tell us a little bit about what camp life was like in the Continental Army? Camp life is not so good. You would think that it would be a greater danger actually being out in battle. The truth of the matter is a greater risk of actually being in camp. Can you imagine being camp near a river and maybe the unit that's up the river from you, maybe they develop a disease of some sort, cholera, and they're discharging all this disease in the water that's right there with them as they bathe and drink and do what they would do. It comes downstream. The next unit that's downstream from them, they get it. The next one down from them get it. You could start from about, say, let's take 10 people. You start with 10 people from one hometown. By the time diseases end up wiping them out, maybe you only have five. Maybe you got a couple of desertions. By the time you get there, maybe only about two, three, or four, maybe actually see battle. The camps are horrible. The food is scarce sometimes. Our clothing, our supplies, it's not a good situation. It's not a place you really want to be in camp, but something does happen later on. A gentleman named Von Stuyven, he joins us at a place called Valley Forge, and things begin to change. He writes out different regulations. He makes us act in ways that we're not quite used to, but it does cut down on the diseases quite a bit, and it promotes the overall health of the camp. Things start looking up after that. So, yes, the camp is not necessarily some place that you really want to be, Patrick. Well, I know that there's a very sort of distinguished moment in your life, the Battle of Brandywine. Can you give us some more of the details? How did you distinguish yourself in that battle? Sir, you would have me brag upon myself.  What that means is that I drive a wagon and a team of oxen, horses, mules. My job is to transport goods. Right now in my wagon, I'm carrying gunpowder, ammunition, things for the artillery. Behind my wagon, I'm pulling one of the cannons. I get it up on the battlefield, I dig it into position, I help set it up, I fill up the ammunition in box, and then I fall into one of the three rare positions of the cannon. And in the three rare positions of the cannon, I hope to fire the cannon. So, we had learned news that the British had landed at a place called the Head of Elk down in Maryland, that they were marching up the pike that goes to Baltimore, which is also the world that goes to Philadelphia as well. Eventually, it becomes quite obvious where they're heading towards. They're heading towards Philadelphia, our nation's capital. I'm sure they think if they can capture Philadelphia, capture the Continental Congress, execute them for being traitors, they could put into this little rebellion of ours. To prevent this from happening, General Washington went 20 miles west of Philadelphia to the Brandywine River. His plan was very simple. Every place that you could cross that river by well foot, he placed armies. Sounds like a good idea? It would have been a good idea, except that there's a couple of things that we didn't realize.  Before they crossed the Brandywine River at a place called Chadsford, they come to a small town called Kennett, and there they split their army into two. Half of them are sent to the Chadsford area. The other half quietly march northward behind the lines. All throughout the day, General Washington is getting reports that there's a large column of British marching behind the lines. He sends out people to take and investigate. They come back. They say we don't see such a thing, and it goes back and forth. You're probably wondering why that British force is marching behind the lines. You see, they know something that we do not. They know that if you go up the Brandywine River about five or six miles after it diverges, there are two other places the river can be crossed. We have no idea that those two places exist, but somehow the British have found out about it. So they march up, they march over, and they march behind our right flank. The British start their attack across the Brandywine at Chadsford. We're exchanging volleys with them back and forth, but that's not what's bothering us. As the day goes on, now we hear the sound of fighting in front of us. We start to hear the sound of fighting coming from behind us. Well, think about it.  You're getting ready to be surrounded by the enemy. Of course, you know that you never want to be surrounded by the enemy. Eventually, a man comes writing down. He tells General Washington that there's a goodly number of redcoats behind his right flank. He's a little skeptical of the man. Eventually, one of his own soldiers gives them a report. He ends up swinging down some of his forces from the north. He brings up some others to reinforce them, and he tries to take and repel this large column of British coming from the north part of the battlefield. I wish things would have gone better. I wish things would have gone better. During the process of trying to repel them up north, one of the units fails to get their unit into place on the left flank. Being an expert at warfare of that, Cornwallis and Howe was, they struck right there before they could get settled. They broke that side, and the flank started crumbling, and we started retreating southward. Now, where I was at at Chad's Fort, we were managing to hold the British across for a while until, finally, about 200 yards south of our position, some made it across the river. They circled down below our hill, and they came up behind us, out through an orchard, bayonets fixed, advancing on our position, about 30 yards away. We didn't have enough time to take and turn our cans around to defend ourselves, so the orders were given. Abandon your horses, abandon your wagons, retreat down towards Chester, regroup, get ready for a counter attack. I said, never, never shall they have my horses.  And so instead of going down towards Chester and regrouping, I went into the face of the British charge. Had you ever had a day that felt like the very hand of God with you, today is one of those days for me, because some way, some way, I made it past the Redcoats. I made it to my wagon on the other side of hill. I grabbed what fallen guns I could. I heaved them up into the wagon. I grabbed the horse and wagon, and I let them off to safety, which is what's being depleted by that image behind me. Some way, we managed to evade being encircled by the British and made it back down to Chester and rejoin my unit. It was not a good day. We lost all four of our cannons. But you know what? We held up really well against the British. We were able to stand toe to toe with the Redcoats from sun up to sunset. We fought them so hard that they decided not to pursue us when we finally retreated. So yes, we did lose that battle, but we fought them quite hard. And because of that, unfortunately, they were able to go watch down towards Philadelphia and take Philadelphia. And for that, we deeply apologize. Patrick, I wish I could have given you better news about that battle, but that's how it went. And that was my small part that I played it. We have just a few more minutes, but I wanted to ask, see if we could get one other question. And I think folks will be curious to know about what you did after the war. After the war, there was a nice little piece of land that wasn't actually too far from Valley Forge. It was in a place called the Village of Contra Hawking. I ended up being one of the first Black people to live in Contra Hawking. And eventually, it became its own little township, taking out two other townships. And it became Contra Hawking. I worked and continued to take and do what I could to make a living as a teamster and such. And of course, those horses and wagons that I saved, they were my horses and wagons. That's why I was one who risked my life trying to save them. And I continued to live there. I remarried, had a lot of children. Later on, they ended up moving down towards Philadelphia. And towards my later years, they ended up, I understand, naming it straight after me. There was a group of people that lived in Contra Hawking who seemed to respect me. Well, they brought up a petition and they ended up asking the township to open and to grade a street and to call it Hector Street. They weren't too crazy over this idea at first, but eventually, they did. So now, if you ever make it to Philadelphia and you come to Contra Hawking, you'll find a street in Contra Hawking called Hector Street. That's where my cabin was. That's where I lived. Wonderful. Well, I know you might have some closing thoughts for us that you'd like to share before we move on to some of our educational activities. Do you have anything you want to share? I would. I wouldn't very much like to share some things with them. Approximately three to five thousand people of color served the American cause, as I said, seven to ten thousand served the British. General Washington would be in command of one of the most integrated armies all the way up until, well, until much later. I think hopefully down the pike, they will finally reintegrate the army, but for right now, we are integrated. General Washington also will command at least three majority Black regiments, one from Marblehead, Massachusetts, one from Rhode Island and a unit that would come in from Haiti with the French to fight in the Battle of Savannah and Charleston. These largely Black units would play an important part in the American struggle for independence. Let me give you at least one, for instance, or at least maybe two if possible. Up in New York, the battle was not going well. We're losing every last engagement with the British. We've been pushed southward down through New York until finally our backs up against the river. We are trapped. The next day, the British are going to close in. They're going to annihilate this army. They're going to capture this trade of Washington. That's going to be the end of our fight for independence. But under the cover of night and fog, under the very nose of the British warships anchored in that harbor that night, men would row their boats up. They would load an army into the boats. They would take them across the river. Some would make that trip as many as 11 times that night. What you don't know is that many of those men who are rowing those boats are Black sailors from Marblehead, Massachusetts. That night, these men save our fight for independence. There is going to be another fight that's going to come down the pike, the battle of your count. But, oh, before I say that, did you know that we have spies in the British camp? Did you know we have Black spies in the British camp? One of which is a gentleman named James Armistead Lafayette. He's one of the ones getting information. Among all this information, we discovered that the British are going to be going to Yorktown. Washington and Lafayette, they make plans. They're going to surround the British at Yorktown.  He builds fortifications around Oskar to the city. Why? Because he doesn't want us to bring our heavy cannons close enough to bombard the city. We have to take out two of the fortifications before we can get close enough to use our cannons. We start digging trenches towards Yorktown and finally Washington calls on one of his best regiments, the Rhode Island regiments. They're sending with their guns unloaded, bayonets fixed, and they take their objective in 10 minutes. The French take out the other ones. We bring up our heavy cannons. We commit with the bombardment of the city, which eventually leads to the surrender of the British. This is where we win the war. By the end of the war, 10 to 25 percent of Washington's army would be people of color. Now, you're probably wondering, you know, what does that mean to you? Well, let me tell you what that means to you.  Now, in our schools, our children, they learn American history and they learn African American history. But there are some people who believe that these two have nothing to do with each other. I think all of you know that this is not so. In fact, African American history is American history. And you know what? I don't care where your people come from. I don't care what your ethnic origins are. I don't care what your cultural background is. If you are an American, you share an African American history because these people helped you to be free. Do you hear me? Do you really hear me? There is a man that comes down the pike later. He gets his arms around his concept. He comes up with a motto for our country. E pluribus unum. It's Latin. But even school children can figure this out. Pluribus or plural, more than one or many. Unum, uno, one. Roughly translated, it means the many that become one. Can you think of a better description of us Americans? Think about it. The African, the French, the Spanish, the Polish, the Scottish, all these different nationalities, all these different types of people, fighting to make one nation, one people, Americans, us, our power has always been in our diversity. You know what? It always will be in our diversity.  It's just a shame that we don't appreciate each other the way that we really should. I hope you hear what I am saying. Well, if you walk away from this with a greater appreciation of each other, then I think we could consider this time well spent.  I am now, and I always will be, your most humble servant. Thank you very much, Bombardier Hector. It's wonderful to hear your perspective on your experiences, the founding, and you've given us a lot to think about. It's a busy day for everyone. I want to thank you for your time. I hope you enjoy the rest of your 4th of July. And enjoy your freedoms, all my friends. Take care. Thank you. And now we turn to our friends at the Education Department of the National Archives for some more background and a fun craft. Take it away. Thank you, Patrick. As you just heard from Ned Hector, Americans showed their patriotism, their commitment to democracy, and their hopes for freedom by enlisting to fight during the Revolutionary War. Inspired by the promise of the Declaration of Independence that all men are created equal, both free and enslaved black men joined the cause. Native and Black soldiers already had served in colonial militias during the French and Indian War, and several Black patriots fought as Minutemen during the early battles of the Revolutionary War at Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill. For example, documents reveal that Salem Poir, a formerly enslaved man, fought with such distinction at Bunker Hill that 14 white officers wrote letters to the Massachusetts legislature, commending him as a brave and gallant soldier saying that he behaved like an experienced officer and recommending him for a reward. Even so, George Washington initially decided that neither enslaved persons nor free blacks would be allowed to fight in the Continental Army. Many Southern landowners feared that training and arming Black Americans for war would inspire them to rebel against their servitude and thus force the Continental Army to contend with an insurrection and British forces at the same time. So shortly after becoming Commander-in-Chief, Washington signed an order forbidding their recruitment. The British saw this as an opportunity to divide the colonies. On November 7th, 1775, the Royal Governor of Virginia offered freedom to enslaved Americans in exchange for their military service with British forces. Hundreds of Black Americans joined the British ranks before the end of the year, wearing a military uniform carrying the phrase liberty to slaves. These men were not necessarily pro-British but rather supported whichever side held the greatest promise for their personal freedom. Washington soon changed his mind. Writing to Colonel Henry Lee III in December 1775, he stated that the outcome of the war would depend on the support of Black Americans. He followed up with orders allowing freed Black men to serve with the Continental Army. Washington wrote more than 14,000 letters in military orders in the years leading up to and including the Revolutionary War. You can explore some of these from the Founding Fathers papers project through Founders Online. Black Americans were involved in the Revolution and fighting for independence in many different ways. Phyllis Wheatley, a formerly enslaved woman of African descent, emerged as a leading voice in support of American independence and the abolition of slavery. Between 1776 and 1784, her poetry called attention to the revolutionary ideals for which Americans were fighting. In 1778, the state of Rhode Island raised the first Continental Army unit composed largely of Black soldiers, the first Rhode Island regiment. Enlistment came with a promise of freedom for all Black, Native, and mixed race enslaved persons at the end of their service. That August, the regiment fought ably under the command of Colonel Christopher Green in the Battle of Rhode Island. The segregated unit also garnered praise from commanding general John Sullivan, who praised the soldier's valor in repelling three infantry attacks from Hessian forces during the Battle of Newport. This was the only unit in which White officers oversaw companies that were separated by race. In the rest of the Continental Army, Black soldiers were integrated into the company they served. It would be many years before the same breadth of rights was extended to African Americans as to those of European descent. It was not until 1865, 90 years after Salem poor fought for American independence at Bunker Hill, that Black men and women would win freedom from slavery with the ratification of the 13th Amendment. And it was in 1948, 167 years after the formation of the first Rhode Island regiment, that President Harry S. Truman banned the segregation of troops by race in the U.S. armed forces. Even that did not guarantee equal treatment across all ethnicities, races, and class. Americans would keep striving to form a more perfect union, expanding rights to all groups through protest, legislation, and the courts. These measures have long been involved in enacting change in our country, with men and women fighting on the forefront, both literally and figuratively, to bring about these advancements. You can see photographs and documents and docs teach for clues about the experience of African Americans serving in the U.S. armed forces. They document the ways in which African Americans have served in the U.S. military since the Revolutionary War, and provide an accounting of the path from segregation to integration. Music played an important role in military life. Soldiers like Ned Hector learned to listen and respond to musical cues that told them what to do and where to go. Because of their ability to be heard from great distances, Army field musicians signaled changes in large troop movements during battle. This would have been how Hector knew that his commanding officer called for retreat during the Battle of Brandywine, for example. The high pitch of a fife pierced above the sounds of fighting and told soldiers when to march forward, turn left or right, and when to stop. A drummer could help wounded soldiers by calling for medical assistance on the battlefield. In the Continental Army, music was performed by fife and drum corps. The musicians were often young boys whose fathers were serving as soldiers or older men beyond fighting age. General George Washington remarked on the importance of the fife and drum corps on multiple occasions during the Revolutionary War. In 1776, General Washington, Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, issued an order to select exemplary men for his personal guard. This unit became the Commander-in-Chief's guard. Company A of the United States Army's Old Guard organized an updated version of this guard to honor the historically famous unit. They exhibit the fighting discipline prescribed and taught by Revolutionary War General Baron Friedrich von Steuben. You will now witness a demonstration of 18th century battlefield maneuvers by the Commander-in-Chief's Guard. Assembly! The United States Army Military District of Washington, under the command of Major General Allen Pepin, is proud to present the United States Army Old Guard fife and drum corps. The Third United States Infantry Regiment, the Old Guard, traces its lineage to George Washington's original Continental Army and today serves as the Army's official escort to the President of the United States. In 1960, the fife and drum corps was organized to participate in official ceremonies and to revive our country's musical heritage. From the days of the American Revolution through the 19th century, fife's drums and bugles were vital to military order and discipline. Field musicians also used their instruments to issue commands during battle and to regulate everyday activities and camp, such as when to rise, when to eat, and when to retire for the evening. The soldiers of the United States Army Old Fife and Drum Corps were uniforms patterned after the musicians of General Washington's Continental Army. In order to be easily identified, military musicians wore the reverse colors of the regiment to which they were assigned. At that time, American infantry soldiers wore blue coats with red facings. Therefore, the musicians wore red coats with blue facings. Traditionally, the most skilled drummer was given the title of Drum Major and chosen to lead the musicians. Today, the Drum Major, who stands before you, wears the light infantry cap and issues silent commands using the S-Spontoon, an adapted 18th century weapon. The United States Army Old Guard Fife and Drum Corps. On behalf of the Old Guard Commander, Colonel Patrick M. Roddy Jr. and the Fife and Drum Corps Commander, Chief Warrant Officer Jonathan D. Ward, it has been a pleasure performing for you today and have a great 4th of July. Now, let's go to our National Archives Educator, Sarah Lyons Davis, in New York to learn how you can make a drum of your own using materials around the house. Thank you, Brian. For those of you at home, please join me in creating a drum to make patriotic music or to send messages of your own to family and friends. So, I have my materials ready. As you can see, I have already removed the lid from a coffee canister. But you could also use a Tupperware bowl or similar container. So, I'm next going to cover the cap with red plastic wrap and then secure it along the top edge with small pieces of tape or a rubber band, depending on the size of the opening. Just like that, and we're going to put our rubber band around the top to secure it. So, now we're going to take two to three lengths of blue painter's tape and place it across the center of the plastic wrap so that it spans the opening. You can also use masking tape if you have that on hand. This will help strengthen the plastic wrap and give it a more robust sound to the drum. So, this part is optional, but if you'd like to decorate the side of your drum with paint, stickers, or construction paper stars. As you can see, I prepared one earlier where I painted the sides and then put our patriotic stickers around the edges. So, once your drum's ready, grab a pencil or wooden spoon to use as a drumstick. You're all set now. Take your drum for a festive march or use musical signals to send secret messages to your friends and family. Remember to share what you create with us. You can tweet us using the hashtag Archives July 4. Thank you so much for spending some of your July 4th with me and learning about how the history of the founding of our country is told through original documents in the National Archives. We hope you'll continue to follow our education programs online. Visit our website www.archives.gov backslash education for the most current information. And now, to conclude our program, it is my pleasure to introduce the Archivists of the United States, David S. Ferriero. Thanks to American Historical Theater for sending us Thomas Jefferson, Martha Washington, and Ned Hector. And thanks to educational specialists Breanne Robertson and Sarah Lyons Davis for their educational activities. And thank you for joining us today. We hope you will tune in later today to our annual July 4th program broadcast of a safe, healthy, and enjoyable Independence Day. Thank you, Breanne, Sarah, and David Ferriero, Archivists of the United States for his leadership and the Archive staff on their terrific collaboration today. Well, I've got a few more things I've pulled out. We've got a terrific item here, a shirt from the National Archives Store with the declaration on it. We also have some terrific stuff for kids. We have the great, the original seal and kid sizes. And of course, we've got lots of hats that you could check out at thenationalarchivestore.org. All weekend, we are having a 25% off sale of our Patriotic collection used to code represent25. That's the word represent and 25. We want to thank our sponsors, of course, that would be John Hancock, AARP, and Daikomon, of course, our members who are with us throughout the year. We appreciate all of your support. We've got two more programs coming up. So I hope you'll stay with us, follow us on social, make sure you give us some social love, and we'll be back in just a few minutes with our next program. On behalf of the National Archives and National Archives Foundation, thank you for spending part of your day with us, what has passed this prologue.  Atrek, I give you a haza. It's been a pleasure. Take care.