So, at the end of yesterday's class there were a lot of questions about floating point decimal and all of that. So, what I am going to do today is I am going to spend the first 5 or 10 minutes just trying to clarify several of the issues that came up yesterday. So, I guess if I write something like, so this was one of the questions yesterday 9.875, how do you represent it is a floating point number in the representation. So, first let us try to see how would we represent it as just a binary number. So, this 9 I hope nobody has a doubt that it is 1001. So, this is just like an integer. So, the question is what happens with this 0.875, how do I represent it in binary? So, let us see, so let me take the number, so you know this is 9.875 which means what? This is 9 times 10 raise to 0 plus 8 times 10 raise to minus 1 plus 7 times 10 raise to minus 2 plus 5 times 10 raise to minus 3. And if you look at these powers of 10 over here, these exponents, these tell you exactly where the decimal point in this case, since this is base 10, so it is a decimal point. These tell you exactly where the decimal point is and which of these digits appears where? So, something that is multiplied with 10 raise to 0 will appear immediately to the left of the decimal point, something that is multiplied with 10 raise to minus 1 will appear immediately to the right and so on. And in fact, there was a question yesterday that if I divide 9.875 by 10, why is it that the decimal point moves to the left? Does everybody agree that 9.875 divided by 10 is 0.9875, right? So, the decimal point moves to the left if I divide by 10 and it moves to the right if I multiply by 10, right? So, there was a question yesterday after class that why does that happen? So, well, if you agree that 9.875 is this, so then if I divide by 10, I will have to divide this whole thing by 10, right, because 9.875 is just this. If I divide this whole thing by 10, what does it turn out to be? It is 9 times 10 raise to minus 1 plus 8 times 10 raise to minus 2 plus 7 times 10 raise to minus 3 plus 5 times 10 raise to minus 4. So, if you agreed that this corresponded to 9.875, I hope you will agree that this will correspond to 0.9875, right? This is just like the multiplier of 10 raise to minus 1 was the digit immediately after the decimal point. So, the multiplier of 10 raise to minus 1 should be the digit immediately after the decimal point, right? So, if I divide this by 10, then this is what I get and therefore, now I can read it off from here. So, multiplier of 10 raise to minus 1 is the stuff immediately after the decimal point, 10 raise to minus 2 is at 2 places to the right of the decimal point, multiplier of 10 raise to minus 3 is 3 places, multiplier of 10 raise to minus 4 is 4 places. So, is this ok? And similarly if I multiplied this number by 10, 9.875 times 10 would be 9 times 10 raise to 0 plus 8 times 10 raise to minus 1 plus 7 times 10 raise to minus 2 plus 5 times 10 raise to minus 3 times 10, right? And what is that? That is 9 times 10 raise to 1 plus 8 times 10 raise to 0 plus 7 times 10 raise to minus 1 plus 5 times 10 raise to minus 2. And by our same convention, the multiplier of 10 raise to 0 is the stuff immediately to the left of the decimal point. So, the multiplier of 10 raise to 1 would be one place to the left of it. This will be one place to the right of the decimal point and this will be 2 places to the right of the decimal point. So, therefore, 9.875 into 10 is 98.75 times 10. Is this clear? So, this is why when you divide by 10, the decimal point moves one place to the left, you multiply by 10, decimal point moves one place to the right. Well now, there is nothing sacrosanct about 10 over here. The same thing would happen by started doing things in binary. So, just as an example, suppose I give you 101.11, some binary number. Let us say we do not care what this binary number is. So, what does this represent?  Same idea. It is just that the base is 2. And now suppose I say I want to divide this by 2, whatever number this represents, I want to divide that by 2, which would mean take this and divide it by 2. The whole thing. So, what would that be?  So, now, how should this number be represented in binary? The multiplier of 2 raise to 0 is the stuff immediately to the left of the point. It is no longer a decimal point because the base is 2. So, this is a binary point now. The multiplier of 2 raise to 1 is another place to the left. Multiplier of 2 raise to minus 1 is one place to the right of the binary point. Another one, another one. So, what has happened? I took this number divided by, I got this number. See the binary point moved one place to the left, just like when we take a decimal number divided by 10, the decimal number moves one place to the left. Is this clear? There were several questions yesterday after class about why is it that when we divide something by 2, the binary point moves to the left. This is the reason. And by the same argument, if you multiply this number by 2, the binary point will move one place to the right. So, there is nothing very special about the base 10. What is happening with 10 as far as movement of the point is concerned? The same thing is going to happen with 2, except that there you are multiplying by powers of 10. Now, we are going to multiply or divide by powers of 2. Is that clear? So, now let us come back to the original question. So, we said 9.875 and we could represent 9 using 1001. We want to know what 0.875 would be binary. So, what would be 0.875 in binary? This is the number that is less than 1. So, what we could do is, we could say to first represent this in binary, let us try to multiply it by 2. So, I will show the multiplier over here and let us remember that we have multiplied by 2. So, which means I will do this. Is it clear? So, I am just multiplying by 2, dividing by 2. Why am I multiplying by 2? To get this guy to become something more than 1, so that we can then represent the part to the left of the decimal point in binary. So, what happens if you multiply 0.875 by 2? What is it that you get? Yes, 1.75. So, the number 0.875 is therefore, 1.75 into 2 raise to minus 1. Now, as far as this 1.75 is concerned, you have this 1 over here which was just like this 9 to the left of the decimal point. So, we will say that ok, from here I know that it is going to be 1 plus something and then that has to be multiplied by 2 raise to minus 1. So, that something here is once again less than 1. So, now what I am going to do is, so I will write it as 1 plus 0.75 times 2 raise to minus 1. Now, once again this 0.75 is less than 1. So, I am going to take this whole thing 1 plus 0.75, I am going to put another multiplier of 2 here because I want to get this to something greater than 1 that I can represent and so I have to make this 2 raise to minus 2 because I have multiplied another 2, I have to divide by another 2 right. Now, this number 1 that was there, so I am multiplying it by 2 as well in the process of multiplying this 0.75 by 2 right. So, now this number 1 we saw in binary is represented by just 1. So, if I multiply this thing by 2, what is going to happen? The binary point will just shift 1 place to the right. So, I will get 1 0 right, this is what we just saw multiplying by 2, it is a binary point 1 place to the right. So, if the number 1 is represented as 1.0, so 2 times 1 will be represented as 1 0 point right and so this is you know whatever I will say 1 0 point plus I mean this is of course, in binary plus this is now 1.5, this is in decimal and this is 2 raise to minus 2. Now, once again from this 1.5, I can figure out what the integer part is right and I can express it in binary. So, this is 1 0 point in binary plus this 1 will be just 1 point in binary plus 0.5 in decimal right. I am sort of mixing binary and decimal. So, you can see how the binary representation is gradually built and this is still in decimal. So, I am keeping the fractional part always in decimal into 2 raise to minus 2, is that clear right. So, now what is this 1 0 point in binary plus 1 point in binary. So, there is a system of doing binary addition where you can add to binary numbers and figure out what the result is in binary, but for the time being let us just convert it to decimal, add them and convert that number back to binary. So, this is 2 plus 1 3 and let us convert 3 back to binary which will be 1 1 right. So, we will have 1 1 in binary 0.5 in decimal multiplied by 2 raise to minus 2. So, we will have 1 1 in binary 1 1 point rather in binary plus 0.5 in decimal and we have to multiply this by 2 raise to minus 2 fine. So, now once again that 0.5 is a fractional part. So, what I am going to do is I am again going to multiply by 2 ok. So, I will say 2 times 1 1 in binary plus 0.5 in decimal times 2 raise to minus 3 now I have multiplied by 2. So, I have to divide by 2 once again. Now, what is 2 times 1 1 point? The point will shift 1 place to the right right. So, it is 1 1 0 point this is in binary right plus this is 1.0 in decimal times 2 raise to minus 3 ok. Once again I will try to represent this in binary the integer part of it in binary. So, what is the integer part of it in binary it is just 1 right. So, this will become 1 point in binary plus 0 there is no other fractional part that is left. So, rather 0.0 in right and now once again I have a binary number I have another binary number there is a system binary addition. Let us not worry about that let us convert them to decimal add them up and put the sum back to binary. So, 1 1 0 is 6 1 is 1 6 plus 1 is 7 what is 7 in binary it is 1 1 1. So, this is 1 1 1 point in binary and there is no other fractional part now right. So, it is really 0 the fractional part is 0 into 2 raise to minus 3 is this clear. So, therefore, what have we done over we have said that 0.875 in decimal is 1 1 1 0 into 2 raise to minus 3 in binary. So, now we know what 2 raise to minus 3 does right this is basically dividing by 2 raise to 3 and what does division by 2 do it will just shift the binary point to the left. So, you have to shift the binary point 3 places to the left. So, this is 0.111 in binary here any morsel of doubt in anybody's mind how this happened there is nothing very deep we are doing here we have just converted the base from 10 to 2 rest is exactly the same ok. So, now let us try to find out what would be 9.875 right. So, this 0.875 we know is 0.111 9 is 1 0 0 1. So, this is basically 1 0 0 1 this is the 9 part and 0.111 is the 0.875 part right we want to write it as one single binary number which means we want to combine these two things, but note that these are being multiplied by 0 or positive powers of 2 these are being multiplied by negative powers of 2. So, even if I put these together with the binary point in between their multipliers will just stay the same right. So, if I just write 1 0 0 1 0.111 this part will get multiplied by powers of 2 exactly the same as this this part will get multiplied by powers of 2 exactly the same as this. So, therefore, this part will give me 9 this part will give me 0.875 and so, if I put them together remember in a binary representation what do we do we just take 1 into 2 raise to 3 plus 1 into 2 raise to 1 plus 1 into 2 raise to minus 1 plus 1 into 2 raise to minus 2. So, we add this part to this part right there is a plus when we go from binary to decimal. So, therefore, it is 9 plus 0.875 which is 9.875 right. So, 9.875 in binary is exactly this is that clear. Now, if you look at this number to the left of the radix point right this is the binary point in general arbitrary base it is called the radix point. So, to the left of the radix point there are 4 digits there are 4 bits rather a normalized mantissa requires that to the left of the radix point there is exactly 1 bit and that bit has to be 1 right. So, therefore, I have got to shift this over here how do I do that by dividing by 2 raise to 3, but then if I am dividing by 2 raise to 3 I have to also multiply by 2 raise to 3 right. So, 1001.111 since I want to push this here I have to divide this by 2 raise to 3 and I have to multiply it by 2 raise to 3 ok. So, this is 1.001111 times 2 raise to 3 clear this is 9.875 ok. Now, if you look at this mantissa this is in a normalized form to the left of the radix point there is exactly 1 bit and that is 1 ok. So, therefore, as we said that this is a redundant part because it is always in a normalized mantissa in binary to the left of the radix point if you require 1 bit and that has to be non-zero therefore, it is always got to be 1. So, it is always 1 point. So, we are not going to represent this right. So, the effective mantissa that will be represented is 001111 up to how many binary places like this is not decimal places now this is binary places. So, 1 2 3 4 5 6, but we require 23 places for the mantissa. So, you put whatever 17 zeros over here right repeated 17 times is that clear. So, therefore, the mantissa I mean once you look at this representation and you figure out that it is a normalized form then you can throw this out because there is no point of representing this right. So, the mantissa as it will be represented in the internal floating point representation will just be this remainder part after you throw out the 1 point right because the 1 point is kind of implicit in that representation this first 1 point is implicit is that clear you know 9.875 is as we have just seen 1.001111 into 2 raise to 3 this is the actual number, but in the floating point representation we will have a sign bit we will have the exponent bit we will have an implicit 1 point over here which will never be stored and this will be the mantissa right. So, this implicit 1 point is never stored because it is always 1 point. So, what is stored is for the sign I will have 0 because it is a positive number for the exponent I will have to once I get it in this normalized mantissa form I will have to find out what this exponent is represent it in signed 2s complement form. So, 3 in signed 2s complement form is 00000118 bits signed 2s complement. So, it has to start with because it is plus 3 the MSP has to be 0 and the rest of the bits have to just give me the magnitude of the number this signed 2s complement when it is positive we can just read off the magnitude straight away what about the mantissa there is an implicit 1 point which is already there which is never stored. So, I have just got to store the remainder of it right. So, it is 001111, but this requires 23 bits we have 6 bits over here. So, you put all of the 17 0s here is that clear to everybody ok good yes yeah. So, the exponent is 3 right I have to represent 3 using 8 bits because the exponent is 8 bits. So, ok. So, I have to represent 3 as a signed integer in 2s complement this is what we have to do right 3 is the exponent I have to represent it as a signed integer in 2s complement using 8 bits because the exponent has 8 bits right. So, how do we represent a signed integer in 2s complement using 8 bits we first see what the sign is that tells us what the MSB is ok. Now, if the MSB is 0 there is nothing to be done for the other things we can just write off the magnitude straight away remember that circle we drew the other day. So, on this side we had 00001, 010, 011 and this we said is plus 0, plus 1, plus 2, plus 3 the 0 was telling us that it is plus and the rest of the bits were just telling us what that number is right. So, for positive numbers in signed 2s complement representation just put a 0 for the sign just write the magnitude of the number as is. So, here I have to write using the remaining 7 bits 3. So, which is 5 0s and 1 1 if it was a negative number if it was minus 3 suppose the exponent was minus 3 in another problem. So, now minus 3 in signed as a signed integer in 2s complement using 8 bits right. So, because it is minus the MSB is going to be 1 and because it is 1 we now know that it is in this part of the circle and it is in this part of the circle that you have to do all of that jugglery to figure out what the magnitude is. The other part of the positive part of the circle that is it is very straightforward just read off the magnitude fine. So, now if I have to do it as minus 3 then how should it happen I will have to write something here such that when the bits are flipped and I add 1 to it I get the magnitude. So, before adding 1 I should have 2 and then by flipping the bits I should have gotten 2 which means the number that I should get is the flipped version of 2. So, what is 2 in 7 bits 2 in 7 bits is this. So, you have to flip this so it will be 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 is that fine. So, when you are writing a signed integer if it is a positive integer that is the easy part just put a 0 for the MSB just write the magnitude straight away as an unsigned integer. If it is negative that is the more complicated part because then you are in this part of the circle and this we saw was you know we have to go like this and so this must represent minus 4 this must represent minus 3 and so on. But in this part of the circle there is absolutely no problem this is exactly as we would like to have it right. So, it is only when it is negative you put the MSB as 1 and then you do the rest of the jugglery with the remainder bits right you take the magnitude subtract 1 find its binary and then flip the bits is that clear ok good. So, we will also convert these into some kind of lecture notes and put it up on the website so that yeah 9.875 into 10 raise to minus 7. So, let me ask you if it was not 10 raise to minus 7 suppose I give you the following number let us say 4.321 into 5 raise to minus 3 or actually 5 raise to minus 7 and I asked you to write with the base 10 over here how would you do it really. So, suppose this is minus 70 so I mean since all of you have come through JEE and you know the MSC students have also completed a bachelor's course so is it very hard to see that minus 5 raise to whatever you give me is also 2 raise to something I mean all of you know how to do this right just take logarithms do that. So, similarly 10 raise to minus 7 can be converted to 2 raise to something so just write out what the 2 raise to something is and then the rest of it is the same I mean I would do the same thing here if I asked you to represent it as a power of 10 I cannot go on finding out 5 raise to 70 and then divide that number it is not going to work. So, I mean it is going to work in principle it is not going to work in practice. So, you just convert it to 2 raise to so does everybody know how to get this thing yes so 5 raise you take log on both sides so let us call this x over here right take log base 2 on both sides so minus 70 times log 5 base 2 is x right log base 2 of 2 raise to x is x. So, the thing that you should put up here is 3 times log 5 base 2 right. So, log 5 base 2 would be available somewhere you know these are pre computed things just multiply that you get the number and so you have basically converted your you have shifted your base right. You know of course, you know if log 5 base 2 cannot be expressed within the number of bits or number of digits of precision you have you will have some imprecision, but then that is kind of inherent when you are trying to shift bases. So, does that answer your question I have not answered your question, but I hope I have told you how to answer your question I think it was 2 raise to minus 32 yeah because in fact, we the just prior to that we represented minus 32 as a signed 8 bit representation. So, that exponent should come directly there. So, it was 2, but even if it was 10 raise to minus 32 you know how to do it now right good fine. So, we can ask you quiz questions about floating point representations right ok good.


In today's video, we're beginning a quest to pull the Blue Eyes White Dragon. What's up guys? We're back with another Legend of Blue Eyes White Dragon opening. And we won't just be opening 25th anniversary today. We have also a few more 25th anniversary packs and a 2002 Legend of Blue Eyes White Dragon unlimited pack. This pack is, while I'm on first edition, an over 20, almost 22 year old pack at this point. It was released March 8, 2002, so we're getting close to that 22 year anniversary. So what I will be doing today is opening packs attempting to pull the Blue Eyes White Dragon, the most classic card in Yu-Gi-Oh history, but first we have a giveaway. I'll be giving away these three packs. We have a Spell Ruler, a Metal Raiders, and a Legend of Blue Eyes, because Legend of Blue Eyes. All three of these packs will be given away. All you have to do, like the video, be subscribed, turn on notifications, let me know down below. Will we pull the Blue Eyes in this video or will it be later in today's live stream? Today's video is sponsored by What Not. What Not is a live auction app where you can sell and buy items live as well as offline. I personally go live there pretty often and I will be live tonight, Thursday at 5 p.m. central. So I hope to see you guys there because we're opening until we get the Legend of Blue Eyes White Dragon. And we may even open up some original 2002 packs. If you guys want to check out What Not, you could simply click the link down below and you'll get $15 free credit for anything on What Not. So make sure to find my live streams by clicking the link down below, searching Ruxin34, and bookmarking my shows. I have two scheduled right now and I'll be scheduling more in the future. So if you want to be there for the Legend of Blue Eyes stream tonight or you want to follow for the Phantom Nightmare stream next week, make sure to click the link down below and bookmark my show. Thanks again to What Not for sponsoring this video. So as I'm opening this box, you guys saw we will be on What Not live tonight. And we will be, if we don't get the Blue Eyes here, like even if we do, we're still going to go live. But we are going to be opening tonight until we get that Blue Eyes White Dragon. So if you want to see a Blue Eyes pulled today, you're either watching it in this video or later in the live stream. It's a What Not exclusive live stream. So it won't be dual streamed over here. So you're going to have to go to What Not. I appreciate if you guys go check that out because one, it supports my channel. Two, it's super fun to go over there and you don't even have to buy anything. It's not like it's required to buy anything to be on What Not. There will be giveaways for like booster boxes of Legend of Blue Eyes, maybe some LOB singles. Like there's going to be a lot of cool stuff and then a lot of stuff available on the buy now as well if you want to support my channel. So go check that out. It's going to be super fun tonight. We have a lot of LOB to be open right now and I'm going to be opening even more tonight at 5 p.m. Central. So very excited for that. Let's just go ahead and start. We have this LOB 2002 that we're going to wait. We're doing purely LOB opening today. I know you've probably seen a lot of LOB, you know, a 25th anniversary, but we did wait a little bit. I just love LOB. It's so much fun to open up. So I figured today is a good time to do LOB Legend of Blue Eyes openings. The following we have Armor Starfish. We want to pull that Blue Eyes today. It'd be nice if we could pull it twice. If we pull it right now and pull it tonight, it'd be pretty awesome. Carbonol Warrior and so good. We actually did pull a Blue Eyes recently on whatnot, which was pretty cool. So if it'd be even cooler if we could pull like Blue Eyes, Dark Magician, you know, all that good stuff. So we're going to be streaming tonight until we get one. We're going to be opening a lot of packs. Power of Kaishin, we have Kagamusha, King Foggy. The cool part is one of you guys is going to win the Blue Eyes. You're going to get the pack and it's going to be pulled. In Warrior Number One, we have Pot of Greed and Mystic Elf. Very nice. Mystical Elf. So a lot of these that you see in this video will probably be available on the whatnot stream or something like that. We might do some singles on some of the auctions and stuff like that. Or maybe do a pack that also has a single. You can win that auction. I'm going to be mixing it up a little bit and having fun because there's a lot of cool different things we can do and it's not just going to be LOB available, but the auctions will be geared toward LOB. But there's going to be some other stuff available as well. So if you don't want LOB, there may be some other stuff that you want as well. Basically in second, but like who doesn't want LOB? It's Legend of Blue Eyes. You know, Turtle Tiger. We have Tyhome. We have Carbonol Warrior and the Forest. I guess I should pull this Pot of Greed out because, you know, that's a clutch card. I think I had six packs. We have like 31 LOB packs to open today, 24 for a box, six random ones. And then of course the one 2002 pack, which is going to be pretty fun. Electro Wib.  Even though they're not first-ed, the look of original Unlimited cannot be beaten. It's absolutely amazing. And there's probably going to be, I had a few loose packs of these. That'll probably be available and whatnot. A couple of them, a couple of the extra ones I have. So you want to grab one or have one open and you got to go check that out. We have Metabat. We have Wasteland, Ruxen special. We have Skull Redbird, Two-Mouth Dark Ruler, Skull Servant, Nimi Riko. We have Petite Angel, Dark Fire Dragon and the Dark Grey. I've been streaming a ton recently because of, we're trying to get this run done on Poker Rux on Twitch that I've been streaming like more than normal. You usually just Monday, Wednesday, Friday, but I've been doing like Tuesday stream. Sometimes if I have to, then we're doing what not a lot. Then we're doing a YouTube live streams even more. It feels like recently with all the new sets, Ruxen special, right? To the guy of the dragon champion. Our first secret rare, we have not pulled an Ultra yet, but we have got a secret and a super and a pot of great. So the best rare has been pulled as well. So this is a really good start to this opening. So tons of streaming. If you guys want to follow me on all those platforms, first of all here, subscribe if you guys like the content you like opening content. We will always be doing it. You can hit that notification bell. If you want to see it when I upload, it's usually 12 p.m. Central. It's if it's not 12 p.m. Central, it's either a new set was released. Somehow we got a little late. It's usually not late though. It's usually 12 p.m. Central, 12 p.m. Central. That's where you see the big polls like the dark magician. Okay. So we didn't pull L O B blue eyes, but we pulled L O B dark magician right off the bat. Okay. Wow. Talk about a good start. Okay. I am very happy with that. I was not expecting that to be a dark magician. So we've already pulled guy of the dragon champion, dark magician and mystical elf in only a few packs. If we could pull any of those in the 2002 pack, I'm going to lose it. We have dark world thorns, Yami, turtle t gray. We have beast fangs, dragon capture jar and the dark gray. The darkest of grays. Wow. That's a great start to this opening guys. One, two, three. If you guys are enjoying the video, don't forget to subscribe to the channel. We're almost at 225,000, which is pretty amazing. I mean, 225 K is pretty awesome. Missouri, is there a Yami? Ah, mystical moon. The original would have been Yami. We have a pot of greed again. And this is a great sign. We've drawn two pot of greeds. Just like it says on the text and a metabat. Very nice. Which so I'm not sure what that text means exactly. I mean, I'm not sure what pot of greed does, but you know, it's a very confusing. It's it's tough text to read. We have tripwire beast, wasteland, come on, seal of Gregrado, red medicine, monster egg, but Masaki legendary swordsman, raised body heat, dark fire dragon and the forest can't see the forest through the trees. Don't know why I said that. It's it's just a thing that has to do with trees, but didn't actually wasn't relevant here. Okay. Legend of blue eyes. You've been good to us today. Can you continue your goodness? Oh, oh, almost showed what that was following. I'm not sure. Armored starfish. It was falling off though. I'm hoping that means it's a foil. We have red medicine, Masaki, Mizorizame, Yami, no Yami. We're drawing capture jar and the forbidden one has been pulled. I almost spoiled it the very beginning. I thought I saw that it was an effect monster. I was like, that's usually a good sign in L.O.B. I did not see that. It was exonium the forbidden one. We have full dark magician and exodia today. Okay. Well, maybe I should have saved this box or whatnot though. A lot of these singles are going to be available tonight. So you could just buy them. So that'd be cool. That'll be mixed with some packs. Wow. We haven't pulled the blue eyes though. So we pulled the two other big. I mean, red eyes is the last one that we don't have besides blue eyes. So if we get red eyes, this would be amazing. If you're seeking, if he's not, we'll be due for the blue eyes tonight. Dragon Tread Dragon Treasure. Yeah. Okay. Electro whip. Come on. For some reason, I second guess that that's what it was called silver bow and arrow. We have two prong attack and the beaver warrior. The question is, was one of those from the six packs or were those from the box? I'm not totally sure. Hopefully one was from the six packs and then we can pull another ultra whip to eat dragon by the crystal and another secret would be really good. Larvis. Teen angel, mystical moon, Reaper of the Gods and a trap hole that just keeps going more foils. This is insane. I'm hoping that we are saving a big boy for that L O B pack. That would be pretty awesome. Okay. One, two, three from the bag.  Rainbow dragon ghost. Sure. I have that speaking like Yoda now, Silver Fang arm. Ninja. There's another ghost. I feel like that I'm forgetting polymerization. Oh my gosh. Polymer is it? What an opening. Wow. Wow. Wow. Okay. We're just pulling good stuff right now. This is crazy. Oh yeah. I actually picked up an eight card collection that it was like stuff like first edition Jim and I elf and stuff like that that I'll probably have available as well. Wild germs. You have metal. I didn't show it because there were so few cards like I was I wanted to make a video. I was like eight card video. It just it'd be like two minutes long. You know, like no matter how closely we look at the condition it won't it won't be a regular video. So again, we have steel or grotto. You know, Thomas soul. We got King fog remove trap base fangs numerico. We have flame ghost and the spike. Sidra the Sidra spiked. Wow. 25th anniversary L O B doing well. Will 2002 do as well. We have dark gray basic insect legendary sword succubus night dark king of the abyss rootwater. Oh, the rucksack specialed. We called it earlier. I said all we need now is the red eyes and we have everything from the big three or the big four besides the blue eyes, which naturally is going to be it's going to save itself for the live stream. It's just whenever you want one card, you get every good card except that card. Red eyes, black dragons. We pulled red eyes, dark magician and exodia in the same opening. That's pretty good. Okay. Wow. This has been an opening guys. Red eyes black dragon has been pulled. I think it was the second to last pack. I just randomly pulled out. I should have left it there for the suspense by the crystal. I mean, I don't even know what to expect now. You can get those three ultra boxes sometimes. So if we get one of those, I'd be pretty happy. We have dragon capture jar trip by B. So it looks like maybe the dark magician was in one of the first six packs. I just randomly pulled out L O B doing your thing. This is why I like L O B guys. It's never not fun to pull these cards sandstone forced through the trees. I don't know why wasteland succubus night and chain and mermaid silver fang and the reige key. Missouri zombie. Yummy. Where's the fissure and mystical elf again? Interesting. Speaking of Missouri zombie. Yummy. When I was like moving out of the apartment, I was kind of moving around a lot of cards I had laying around and I found that someone at some point sent me like eight Missouri zombie. Yummy's like put together. It's kind of funny. So I was like, okay, that that's pretty clutch. Missouri zombie. Yummy's been around a long time. I guess because it was definitely a long time ago because I didn't remember it. I own dark fried dragon and 13th grave. If you were the one who sent me the Missouri zombie. Yummy's put a comment down there.   Well, it's the same point. I guess that you're still here by crystal man eater and chatting mermaid and it's crazy how long that that meme has been going around. I knew me Rooko heart armor goblin secret remedy and metabats not metanite metabats. Can we get a second secret? That'd be nice. We're even a third secret would be cool. Two and three. Let's see. We have fire grass. We have not pulled try on yet. Following man eater. Skell servant. Oh, a skeletal ghost that isn't strong, but can mean trouble in large numbers or it can mean trouble in large numbers. Maybe maybe that'd be a good text. And we're number one flower wolf and so can we pull something epic? We'll chill out. We have mammoth graveyard, one-eyed shield dragon, power kai shan, mystical sheep. Number two monster egg, silver bow and arrow machine conversion factory. Final flame and the mountain. The mountain is here. Only seven packs or a six packs to seven packs. I can't know that six. Okay. So this is the seventh the last pack before the 2002. We have furious seeking kagabusha of the blue play green phantom king, frenzy panda, monster egg, rucks and special past the raised body heat. We have laser cannon armor. Dragon has the Wicked Knight and kumu toko three ultras have been pulled. Will anything else crazy be pulled in these 25th anniversary packs? I believe make sure you guys check out the link down below if you guys want to check out what not. And if it's $15 free credit, also support the channel if you use that link. I appreciate you guys doing that. Pateen Angel machine conversion factory. You can spend that. Reaper the cards. Let's pull some good real quick. Firegrass, you don't even have to spend money to use that $15.   So check it out. If you want to grab it, we have nightmare. We have a M warrior. Oh, the soldier rucks and special flame swordsman. Very nice. That's a super eye. Man, it is hard not to rucks and special guys. It's just a difficult task. That's one of the best supers in L.O.B. Can't really complain to be honest. We're just pulling good stuff. Four packs left. It's been a very fun video. Let me know if you enjoy the Legend of the Eyes openings. I know it's classic even though it is, you know, it's a new release sort of with 25th anniversary, but it's really been, it's been over six months since this came out. Cherubin and flame manipulator. I mean, how crazy is that? Six months since this thing happened, they released the Legend of Blue Eyes once again. And will they do it again? I mean, with Rarity Collection too. Who knows? They might do Legacy Box too coming out soon. We have Beaver Warrior. We have Green Phantom King. You're Robby. Terror of the Terrible. Yame laser cannon armor. Masaki legendary swordsman. Hey Nate and lesser dragon. The dragon is lesser. We will be pulling lesser dragons until that 2002 pack when we pull blue eyes. That is going to happen. We have lesser dragon again. Witty Phantom, Kurama, Umi, Sparks, Fire Yaru, Masaki legendary swordsman, Aqua Mador and Mammoth Graveyard. Last pack of 25th. Then we go right to that 2002 pack. That's going to be super fun. I'm excited about it. Let's see what 2002 can do for us. We have Drilling Lazard, Dragon Treasure, One-Eyed Shield Dragon, Red Medicine, Dissolve Rock. He tuts Umi Giant. Uh-oh. We got Giant Soldier of Stone. Do we get something? Last pack, Trihorn Dragon, Secret Rare. The 25th anniversary. Blessing us again. Both secrets. Three Ultras, three of the top four cards in the set and then the best super in the set and Polly. So really the top two supers, bro. Well, maybe you're right, Gecki. So wow, that's some good packs right there. And we're going to end it off with a 2002 pack. If you can have any foil, but if you have an ultra at all, we're going to be pumped. Let's see what we can get. Not first dad, but still a very old pack and really awesome looking cards. So I'm excited to open this. By the way, I know I got this crazy thing here. That's from basketball. I'm sorry guys got scratched. Okay. Let's see. One, two, three, four. Will there be a foil inside? Blue Eyes, White Dragon. Make your appearance, but don't worry. Even if we don't pull you, we got tonight. We have a Yami. Oh, we were so close to research. Yami, Yami. Really got Yami. Woody Phantom. We got Kagamusha of the blue flame. $100 unlimited packs. So pretty expensive. Dark energy. Kudrama. Wait. I thought we already pulled Kurama. That must have been another pack. Terra, the terrible is quite terrible. Dark gray has once again been pulled. Turtle Tigray and our final card. Will it be the blue eyes, White Dragon? This is a tiger encased in a protective shell that attacks with razor sharp fangs. Okay. Oh, it's the final flame. All right. Just a rare inflict 600 points of direct damage to my heart because we didn't get the blue eyes. If you guys enjoyed this, don't forget to subscribe and don't forget to check out what not tonight at 5 p.m. Central. Use my link down below. Give $15 free credit. If it's your first time on what not. I hope to see you guys there. We're going to pull that blue eyes tonight. Shout out to Tomfoshow, Puffins of Doom, Ernesto Dian, America Doit Steer, Brad, KK Beats, Ananatai Show, Ian Musa, Jr. Barting, Robert F, Thomas McLean, Chen Galing, and Joey Castle. Thank you guys for supporting the channel and I'll see you guys next time. Peace.


Over the years, we have connected billions of people. We have laid the foundation for innovation and growth. And we have brought it everywhere. But this time, it's different. Now, our IoT, 5G, and automation technology stands ready to unlock a wave of new value. We're talking operating rooms connected across oceans, trucks communicating to increase efficiency, and factory floors going fully digital. We'll see waste reduced, accidents dramatically decrease, and remarkable new business models come to life. But we're getting ahead of ourselves. To make this a reality, we're on a quest. To make technology easy to use, adopt, and scale. To build an ecosystem together with our customers where change is easy, where standards are global, and where the full value of connectivity can be realized faster than ever. Getting to easy won't be easy, but we're determined to lead the way, to move fast, to knock down barriers, and to cut through complexity. Join us. OK, it's my pleasure to introduce Matt Carlson from Ericsson. He's the head of R&D portfolio and digital services at Ericsson. So, Matt, please welcome. So I'm very happy to be here. I think it's a good session with the Open Network and Summit, and what the Linux Foundation has done. Quest for Easy. I think one of the reasons why we started with Quest for Easy, because I think that is very much the reason why I go to work. I think we're why you go to work. I think we're all trying to make things simpler. I mean, we're trying to make a software stack simpler to kind of use. We're trying to make our products and services simpler to use, quicker to deploy. Everything should be quicker, easier, and simpler. I will be joined a bit later with Verizon, but I will start with actually talking about 5G, not as a radio standard. I think there was a lot of radio in the video, but very much as 5G as a platform for innovation. Where is the clicker? And also, talk about the role of open source when we're actually building the 5G networks. I mean, telecom has been used to provide their boxes. That is not how it works going forward. So really about also the role of open source and the community as the driving force for building the future networks. So what is the difference between 5G and what we have done before? I mean, all the telecom networks that we have done historically, like 2G, 3G, they have more or less been focused on only providing two basic services, voice and data. What is then the difference between 5G? 5G is completely use case driven. That means that we don't really know what services the 5G network would need to provide. Of course, there will still be a need to provide the basic data services, et cetera. But a lot of the new services coming in, they are not kind of, they are developed outside the network. Of course, 5G is also a technology leap. We are developing new radios. We are developing a new core. But what we also now doing is that, are we going to use the networks? Are we going to monetize the network? How do we actually make sure that we have networks that are fit for the purpose, for the use case or the services that we are using? So the network needs to have the capability to supply multiple use cases. And each use cases may have completely different characteristics needed in terms of latency, in terms of bandwidth, in terms of cost points you need to hit for that specific service. We also need to be able to have multiple monetization path. Business to consumers, of course, very much what we are doing today. But business to business, business to business, to consumers. And of course, we need to be able to create and deploy services in hours and minutes and not maybe month or weeks or years even. And of course, all is supported by a serotouch operational model. We usually divide the five use cases in what we call massive machine type communication, critical machine type communication, and enhanced mobile broadband. So if you look at massive machine type communication, that is a lot of that we can already do today with the current radio standards. But that is typically a smart meters, logistic, asset tracking, fleet management. Very much driven by low cost, low energy, small data volumes, massive numbers. I mean, to look on some of the small data, I mean, if you for instance have a birdie alarm, most cases it doesn't send any data at all, but when it needs to send the data, it better work. Then on the other side, we have the critical machine type communication. And here is more like industrial use cases, industrial robots, remote control, haptic control. I mean, this could be like requiring extremely high reliability, extremely low latency, and of course, an extremely high availability. On the bottom, we have the more or less existing business that we are today. But of course, with the enhanced mobile broadband, when bandwidth is increasing, when latency is going down, of course, we can support much more like 4K, 8K video, augmented reality, et cetera, when we're having applications that are much more kind of latencies critical than the current application. Of course, when the latency is going down from like maybe 30 milliseconds on the axis down to like two milliseconds on the axis, then of course, a lot of new cases opens up. But of course, we're talking very much about 5G, but of course the radio 5G, that is rolling out more or less like next year or 2019, 2020. But a lot of the things that I'm discussing today, for instance, on the massive machine type communication, that is already happening today, and we are rebuilding the core network already today to cater for these type of new services. And of course, the opportunities are endless. Open source, I will come back to that one on the next slide, but when you're looking on the development of the infrastructure, you will kind of see how much different open source products are needed to kind of build up this infrastructure. And also on the use case level, we talked about the AI machine learning and the apps using 5G and wireless connectivity. A lot of that ecosystem is also of course built around open source. And of course, for us, it's really about enabling the industries and the people to take the next step in the digitalization journey. So 5G, it starts today or it has already started. 5G requires a software defined networking. It requires complete programmability of the networking. And of course, it starts already with like NFE and SDN because we need to be able to have a flexibility in deployment of our application. We need to have flexibility in actually adapting the network to the needs of the applications. And of course, going forward, going into cloud native and Edge cloud. But we also, of course, doing a lot of things also on the application side, for instance, splitting up the control pane and the user plane to be able to move out the user plane further out in the network to do Edge compute. But also have more like modularized applications like, and of course, going into the microservice and container-based application. Management and orchestration, same thing. We need to break the silos that we have had in the OSS system, have a horizontalized, model-driven management and orchestration very much about what we are doing in Onup. And of course, adding the machine learning and artificial intelligence to reach to automation and serial touch. It needs to be able to distribute workloads. We need to be able to put applications further and further out at the Edge, but maybe also in some cases all the way out to the base stations. We also need to be able to have network separations, resilience and isolation to be able to handle different type of needs from the applications and use cases. Network slices, very much we are discussing. Network slices is more or less the capability to create logical isolated network within the network that you can, for instance, have for specific services. You can have that an enterprise actually owns a specific slice within an operator network or it can be done just to making sure that certain of your services are having the most optimal network infrastructure for that specific service. Of course, having the total cost of ownership for application lifecycle management reduce time to market for the service creation and the service deployment. And of course, when you're looking all this, you probably see that a lot of these areas that bring up as the past of five is depending on the role of the open source and the communities that we are talking about here today at this conference. And of course for us it's really very much about contributing, using and driving the development of a number of these open source communities. So another thing is that open source and standards and standards I mean very much the classical, you call them sometimes paper standards. But within telecom, there is a need still for, I would call like paper standards like 3DP and Etsy. And the reason is that if you're going to build a 5D ecosystem with like billions of devices, it's pretty important that the interface between the device and the network is pretty stable because there is a huge ecosystem and investment. But on the other hand, there is also a need for increasing speed in innovation. And that is where open source comes in. So I think in five years, I think this is really the first time now when we're actually combining these two forces into one. So if you look in open source, open source, what does it bring to the table? Speed, it brings code, it brings a way that we actually work together in this room. It brings innovation and it's bring merit bias. Whatever is kind of, the best thing will kind of win, so to say, it's a bit of a Darwin's law. But there is also some drawback sometimes on open source. I mean, how do we make sure that we get better interoperability between the different open source products from a lifecycle management perspective? There is sometimes competition. There is a lot of open source product that is trying to solve the same thing. And I think this is of course what the Linux Foundation Network is trying as well to kind of making sure that we can be better and quicker on that one. So standardization on the Hadan, giving a lot of global scale. I mean, the reasons why your phone works across all over the world is very much about what 3DPP has done. It's focused on interfaces and functionality, and that of course give better interoperability. And of course, it provides a bit of a long-term outlook and backwards compatibility. So if we can do this in a very smart way, I think historically this has been a part. I think now we need to bring them together. And sometimes they've even been contending for the same spot. But if we do this good, I think one plus one can be bigger than two. So I firmly believe that these two groups needs to work much, much closer together to kind of speed up that we're moving the industry quicker going forward. So I would like them to introduce, we are working very close with Verizon on 5D here in North America. I think it's also very good to sense of collaboration, how we are working together. So it's a pleasure for me to introduce Mr. Anil Guntapalli, Executive Director of Architectural Planning within Verizon. Welcome, Anil. Thank you, Matt. Thank you, Matt. And it's really great to be here. And last three days has been revealing from a lot of exciting conversations. So thank you for the Linux Foundation and team for organizing this as well. But let me give you a perspective of what Verizon, in the context of the 5G, as well as much more importantly, what the role of the open source is. And for us, how we are looking at that and some of the challenges and the opportunities. I mean, the most, the perspective I want to paint today is that our customers are demanding experiences which from our network, the ask from them is growing every day, right? I mean, they are asking for experiences which can be delivered by a network which can be driven by whether it's 5G or it's stitched together with a network and connectivity fabric. It's core of our fabric, but much more importantly, what we are kind of enabling there is trying to deliver those services for our customers which are new, which they have not experienced before but they're asking for low latency services. Whether they're asking for use cases which are like V2X was as mobility experiences which they have not kind of experienced in the past, right? The way we are driving that is obviously in the core of this one is 5G. 5G enables low latency. 5G enables ultra bandwidth but we are also kind of driving that with putting the fiber much more closer to the customers. But 5G also enables us to look at our network completely differently, right? In the, from the, we are transforming our network in the perspective of that, it gives us a way to take a step back, relook at that and the, in the perspective of like laying out, you know, whether it is like redoing the slicing of the network or building, enabling, pushing the compute much more closer to the customer because once you push the compute much more closer to the customers, we can enable services like, you know, whether it's mixed reality which demand like 10 to 20 milliseconds latency from the network, whether it's V2X which are much, much lower latency requirements. But underlining, underlining that is a fabric what we kind of fundamentally believe in three pillars and within Verizon. It's different, it's software control, right? I mean, we drive with the software defined networks but much more importantly, we are focusing on closed loop automation with cognitive fabric and putting AI up front in there and then the other most important block is not an aftermath but it's open source. The three main things what open source enables us for us is very selfishly, right? I think it takes the complexity out of the network. From the perspective, we spend a lot of the time, you know, looking at integrating the services, making sure they're working together, interoperability. That's where we spend time and we make sure that the network is up and running all the time. But then, if the standards are good and open source works as it is, we can focus much more on driving what our customer needs are, right? I mean, we want to take the cost out of the business. We want to focus on what, delivering the services on the layers up, right? Again, for us, Network OS is the core fundamental portion of it. It gives us the agility and it is driving the services what our customers are needing. But there's obviously some challenges with open source as we look at it, right? There's, I mean, we are participating in a lot of the groups, but as some of you would agree here, is that there's a lot of subgroups forming in pretty quickly. And there's very less time for us to focus on each one of these subgroups and to participate in it.  What I ask and probably look at inwardly is that, you know, we should not, I mean, at least for us from this community is that, let's try to make sure and work together to make a buildable solution, right? I mean, let's get the reference architecture right. Let's get the blocks right. Make sure that is working before we move on to the next project. Again, as you, whether it's a startup or a large vendor, I think everyone has resource constraints. Let's focus on the needs of the business. Again, going back to the previous conversation, it's like more about, I want to focus more on delivering the services rather than trying to fix the interoperability issues and the other challenges in the network. And inwardly looking self-critical, right? I mean, we are trying to change our mindset as well that we want to move from one single accountability. We want to be multi-vendor. We want to encourage the ecosystem to collaborate and work together and we're gonna be right there with us. Again, it's a mind-shift change and we kind of embarked on that culture and then we kind of investing in that, right? But some of these barriers about making sure that there's not too many sub-projects and there's interoperability, I think, is, I think it's slowing us down. I think we need to get to a deployable solutions. I definitely ask this community for that help. And most importantly, what am I asking my vendor community here, right? I mean, again, we're not here to drive, you know, basically it's not a race to zero, right? We want you to take the reference architectures and or the open source and innovate, but make it multi-vendor interoperable. Participate in that ecosystem, right? I mean, the end of the day, whether it's a small vendor or disruptive vendor startup, I think that's the notion what we model what we would like to embrace as well, right? We want to make sure that it's compatible. It's, at the same time, it is simple enough for me to put it in my network and then I'm able to expedite the introduction of the technologies, whether it's 5G versus any other network. End of the day, I want to focus on delivering the network. I mean, services for my customer. And we are right there by providing the commitment from our side is by we are investing in resources. We are going to commit the code back to the community as appropriate and whenever it makes sense. But we want to make sure that the networks are simple and we are able to innovate pretty quickly on top of it. That's the final last from me. And again, this great partnership in this community, I mean, a lot of the stuff would not have been done without a lot of the contribution from you guys here in this community. Again, we thank, we can't thank you enough on that, but we also see there's a lot of work left, trying to, especially when you look at 5G, there's a lot of work left for us to accelerate and make it interoperable. So thank you. And with that, probably we'll take some questions here. We have, thank you. I think we have some very limited time for questions, but one maybe. We have questions, very good. I like it. I don't know. Okay, so I'll ask a question very quickly. Fascinating progress. I know you guys are leaders in this space and all that. Give us a little bit of a timing. There's the marketing guys, 5G's here and I can make a call. And then there is the engineers, which will be 2025. What is the reality? Maybe I can start. I think actually the core network and the orchestration solution, I think we're already more or less there today with these type of networks. I think we have to wait some time for the kind of a new radio, et cetera, but I think from the core network perspective and the OSS, I think we are, I mean, we have close feedback loop thinking today. We have that in our systems. And 5G's here now. I mean, what we are re-looking radio has worked extremely well. We are progressing with the trials and I think what we are looking at is the opportunity to redefine the core network as well in a way that it can scale and work with it. And I think we are on the right path and we'll get there pretty quickly. Very good. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thanks a lot.


Hi everybody, Joe for JasperJasperace.com doing a random number block randomizer for this group of teams. For Picker Team, 31, Falls Collegiate. Big thanks to this group for knocking out this random number block filler. There are the numbers right there. Let's roll it. Randomize names and numbers one and three, four times, one, two, three, three. And once more, fourth and final time, got Adam down to Monty. Adam with one, Joe with nine, Alex with six, Brian with three, Gerald with zero, Robert with eight, Adam with two, Alan with four, Mark with five, Monty with seven. Let's order these numerically. And coming up in the next video will be the break itself, JasperJasperace.com.


Hello, I'm from the United States. I'm here for the experience.  I'm here to promote and help people with their health.  After the tour, after the establishment of the business, we learn how to make money. We feel proud and happy. We feel the experience. We help people with their future, who have the same goal. We help people with their health, who are afraid of the world, who are not able to travel and visit their families.


Hey everyone, how's it going? My name is Jake and I'm a captain in the Air Force serving on active duty and in this video I'm going to talk about my job. But real quick I want to thank Kyle Gott for letting me upload this video on his channel AirmanVision. I am a YouTuber as well, you can check me out at my channel JakeBro. I mostly talk about finance and investing topics but because I am active duty Air Force I do occasionally talk about military topics. And why did I join the Air Force? Well I'm actually a little bit older, I'm currently 36 and I commissioned as an officer at age 32. And the reason why I chose to join the Air Force later in life is because I wanted to do something challenging. My father's actually also an Air Force veteran so it's something I was always considering. But the reason why I finally pulled the trigger at age 32 is because I was looking to get a job with the State Department as a Foreign Service Officer. These are people who work in consulates or embassies abroad. It's a very competitive job to get and I wanted to do something that would make me stand out. So joining the military, earning a master's while in, this is something that I wanted to do in order to become a Foreign Service Officer later in life. So I had a bachelor's degree and I applied as a non-prior through officer training school. This was a fantastic experience. I commissioned in June of 2016. So I'm currently a captain and I've been serving for four and a half years. If you want to know more about officer training school, I made two videos on this topic on my channel. And when you apply to OTS as a non-prior, they do tell you what your job will be and I was selected for 13 November, 13 N. This is nuclear and missile operations. And what is that exactly? Well, I'm in charge of the security operations and maintenance for the Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile system. This is the land leg of the nuclear triad, the other two being bombers and subs. America used to have other ICBM systems like the Titan II or the Peacekeeper, but currently for the land leg of the triad, it's just the Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile system. And this is exactly what you think it is. If you've ever seen any Cold War movies of two guys opening locks on a container to pull out like a launch key, that's my job. I sit in a underground capsule about 60 feet underground. There's about 45 of these spread out across Montana, North Dakota, Colorado, Wyoming and Nebraska. And we sit there waiting for an order from the president to launch nuclear weapons. That is my job. These capsules are buried underground ideally to survive a near miss hit from an adversary so that we can then launch back above ground. There's something called a missile alert facility and we have a facility manager, security forces, a missile chef and then potentially maintainers if they have to overnight in the field. Did I want the job? I didn't actually know what it was prior to being selected for it. When my recruiter asked me what do you want to be, fill out this application, select three to five jobs. I remember number one, I chose space. Number two, I chose cyber. Number three, I chose Intel. And I could have just left it at three, but I honestly didn't know anybody in the Air Force when I applied. There was nobody on my Facebook friends list that I could contact and ask questions. So I ended up putting missiles on my dream sheets, not knowing what it was. And if you put missiles, they will select you for missiles. But so far in the Air Force, I've had a fantastic experience. If you commission and you're selected for 13N, as of right now, you will be sent to Vandenberg Air Force Base for your tech school training. Usually you'll arrive and they'll give you a month or two before the next class officially starts. And then training at Vandenberg takes six months. Southern and Central California is a fantastic place to live and experience. You're very close to the Bay Area, San Francisco. You're close to Los Angeles, San Diego, Las Vegas, a lot of great federal parks. So while you're stationed here on weekends or during base holidays, you'll have lots of opportunities to explore and experience the local area. And the tech school training you'll receive at Vandenberg for six months is pretty intense. There's a lot of information coming at you and you don't really have a lot of time to dwell on each. And what the schoolhouse has to do is they have to teach you the bare minimum in order to be certified to operate the weapon system. However, when you go out into the field, you're never alone. You're always going to have a commander more senior than you, that is responsible for you. In addition, you always have the telephone. You can always call and ask questions, call and receive help from the people you work with. This is the React console that we operate. So the commander sits on the left, the deputy sits on the right, and you have identical screens. So the left side is the HA. This is where we get our emergency action messages. The right side, we call it the whiskey, and this is how you actually monitor your launch facilities. So each capsule is primarily responsible for 10 launch facilities. However, your console can interrogate and receive status from all 50 launch facilities in your squadron. And what you're seeing on these two bookshelves up here are all the documents and regs that you need to become familiar with while you're at tech school. Nobody can memorize everything. However, you are expected to be able to find the reference and then follow your checklist to respond to any kind of alarm or situation. Once you graduate from Vandenberg, you will be sent to a missile ops wing. And currently, there are only three. There is F.E. Warren in Wyoming, Malmstrom in Montana, and then Minot in North Dakota. Currently, our career structure has a three plus three system where you will go to one of these bases for three years for your initial ops crew tour. And then you will PCS to a different one of these bases for your follow on plus three ops tour. For your first three years, your primary responsibility is just to pull alerts to be out in the field on console learning as much as you can. Your job is to become an expert subject matter expert for that weapon system.  And then you have a support job either as an instructor, an evaluator, flight commander, or a different job in one of our support back shops. Beyond your first six years, most 13 ends wind up at one of these three bases. There's either off at Air Force Base in Nebraska. This is Stratcom. You can go back to Vandenberg either for the schoolhouse or the test flight group. And then there's Barksdale where Air Force Global Strike Command's headquarters are. There are other assignments for 13 ends that are eligible. Maybe you can also go to Europe or Asia. But most 13 ends end up at one of these three bases. Otherwise, potentially they've taken an ROTC job or a staff job like at the Pentagon. What can you expect for your work schedule? Well, for your initial crew tour under the old structure, things have been a little bit different because of the recent pandemic. But it used to be that you were expected to pull eight alerts a month and eight 24 hour alerts. How that works is you drive to base in the morning, you mission plan, you then trip out to the field. Maybe you get out to sight at around 10 o'clock. You change over the crew currently in the capsule. They then process topside and get to go home. You then close the door and you are underground in this capsule for 24 hours until your relief crew comes the next day. Once again, you change over at some point in the morning.  You then get to go home. So a typical work day for 13 end is really a day and a half. You might get home the afternoon, the day after you leave and you do this eight times a month. Beyond pulling alert, you'll have typically two trainer rides a month and then potentially other additional academic training with your squadron. And that's how it used to be prior to the pandemic. Currently, because of COVID, we go out for one every three weeks. So we'll typically go out for a week and then the next week potentially we don't have to do anything. We might, but they're trying to give us this protected time off. The following week is then the week that we're available to get all of our training done. So when we go out for a week at a time, typically there are four crew members out at the Miss Alert facility, to our top side and rest status and then to our downstairs for a 24 hour shift. We then every 24 hours flip. And when you're down there, there's a lot that you could be doing potentially. You're in charge of daily inspections, processing paperwork, processing maintenance teams on site or processing emergency action messages. We also respond to any maintenance or security situation alarms. And when you're down there, it's you and your commander or you and your deputy. And between the two of you, as long as you're not too busy, one of you is allowed to be in rest status. So there is a bed mod with a curtain in the corner. There's also a bathroom down there, a refrigerator, a TV, a microwave, a coffee maker. And when you're down there, it's between it's a crew contract, you and the other crew member who takes what responsibility at what time. And then if the job necessitates it, you both have to be awake. Otherwise, one of you can be in rest status while down there. Do I like this job? I actually do. I like that I'm an operator. I like that I have a physical hands-on job where I'm not just sitting at a desk. I like tripping out to the field. I like interacting with security forces, maintainers, facility managers, chefs. So I think this is actually can be a very rewarding job. And I like that I am a knowledge expert on a very impressive, very important weapon system, the Minuteman 3. Because we work with nuclear weapons, there really does need to be very clear expectations, what is expected of us in this career field. And I'm just the kind of person who appreciates that. I'm told exactly what to do, how to do it, because deviating from that can have serious consequences. I also like as an operator, I'm in an ops squadron with about 50 or 60 other officers, 30 other lieutenants. So when you commission and you come up to an ops squadron, it's really nice being in an officer heavy career field where there are lots of people that you can socialize with, make friends with, collaborate with. There's a lot of camaraderie amongst the 13 ends. Additionally, there can be a lot of downtime in this career field. If you want to get other things done, lots of miscellers get their masters accomplished while they're underground in the capsule. Or if you just want to catch up on TV shows, there is a TV and the DVD player and you do have a cat computer access in the capsule to be on the internet. And what are the downsides to this job? Well, all three ops spaces are in cold weather climate. So if you're from Texas or Florida, there's nothing you can do about it, you're going to experience some really harsh winners. In my knots, it can potentially get down to negative 20 degrees and you still got to go to work. Additionally, it's not a normal nine to five job. You can't predict or count on what your work schedule will be a predictable office nine to five Monday through Friday. Nuclear deterrence is 24 seven three 65. There are always two crew capsule members downstairs in that capsule. This happens on Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Year's. I've pulled alert on my birthday. So somewhere at all times, miscellers have to be covering these capsule shifts. The three ops spaces additionally are in small rural towns for people who like the outdoors, maybe hunting fishing. This is great. But if you're like me and you're an urbanites who's always lived in large cities, then it's an adjustment. It's a cultural adjustment. If you're married and you have kids, these are great towns to raise a family. But if you're single and you're looking for a nightlife, you're not going to find it in my knot North Dakota. What advice would I give to somebody just starting out in this career field? And I would give the advice to when you're at tech school to start forming strong relationships with your classmates, especially the people going to the other two wings. The reason why is because the 13 and community is not a very large career field. And if you plan on doing 10 15 20 years in the military, then you're going to see these people again. There's there's so much rotation happening between such a small number of bases that people that you meet and talk to today, you will see them again in the future, which is nice. But if you don't build those strong relationships in the beginning, then maybe potentially you're going to create more work for yourself down the road when you're trying to get more accomplished later in your career. And just as much as you can learn from each other, grow together. I think being an officer in the Air Force is an amazing opportunity. One that I at age 32 feel like that I have enough prior work experience to really appreciate. I think the pay and benefits for the work we do is fantastic. So no complaints there. And just the general advice I give everyone is to save and invest your money, save and invest today in order to really give yourself an advantage later in life. And would I ever consider changing career fields? 13Ns used to be eligible for cross flow. We are now a self sustaining career field. So there is no cross flow opportunities. But I don't think I would want to change jobs. I put in so much time and effort becoming an expert in the current weapon system that the idea of starting over is especially at my age, just feels kind of daunting. Do I see myself doing 20 years in the Air Force? And the honest answer is probably not. I don't know what my future holds for me at this time. But for anybody who enlists or commissions and only wants to do four or six years, you served your time. You did a great service to your nation. You don't have to explain yourself for anyone for any reason. If you don't want to do anything beyond your minimum service commitment. There you have it guys. I feel like those are the basics for the 13N career field. If you have any additional comments or questions you can reach me at my YouTube channel. Once again Jake Bro, check me out. I respond to every comment on my channel as of now. Potentially, once I get a little bit bigger, I might not be able to. But I'm more than happy to help anybody out, especially future 13Ns.


Hello and welcome to the STM32L4 Series Introduction Training Session. This presentation provides information about the various product lines available in the STM32L4 Series. The STM32L4 Series is divided into product lines differentiated by key features. The product part numbers are differentiated by memory size, sub-features, and or the maximum number of peripherals as described in the following slides. STM32L476486 devices are the first products to be released, while other devices are derivatives. This is why the training slides are based primarily on STM32L476486 devices, while differences among other derivatives are often highlighted at the end of each module presentation. This table shows a list of all available product lines. The documentation provides a reference manual covering one or several product lines mentioning the differences for each product. A data sheet is available for each product reference in the table. The table lists the key features per product device. This block diagram summarizes the key features and available packages for STM32L49X4AX devices and is provided here for reference. The differences with STM32L47X48X devices are highlighted in red. STM32L49X4AX devices have the largest memory footprint and graphical peripherals like parallel camera interface and chromart accelerator for advanced graphics processing. They also include a hash processor supporting SHA256 functions, a clock recovery system, or CRS, allowing crystalless operation of the USB, an additional I2C, an additional CAN, the support of dual bank quad SPI flash memory interface to improve bandwidth, and finally the support of up to 136 GPIOs through the BGA169 package. This block diagram summarizes the key features and available packages for STM32L47X48X devices and is provided here for reference. STM32L47X48X devices are the reference devices from which other products are derived. This block diagram summarizes the key features and available packages for STM32L45X46AX devices and is provided here for reference. The differences with STM32L47X48X devices are highlighted in red. This block diagram summarizes the key features and available packages for STM32L43X44X devices and is provided here for reference. The differences with STM32L47X48X devices are highlighted in red. This block diagram summarizes the key features and available packages for STM32L41X42X devices and is provided here for reference. The differences with STM32L47X48X devices are highlighted in red.


The Tarpa State Governorship Election Tribunal has affirmed that Agbo Kefas of the People's Democratic Party is the validly elected governor of Tarpa State. The three-man panel of justices of the tribunal said the petition challenging the election of Kefas lacks merit and consequently dismissed it. The petition was anchored on two grounds. The first ground is that the election was invalid by reason of non-compliance. And the second ground was that the governor did not win the election by majority of local votes. All the 128 witnesses they have brought did not prove any of the allegations against the return of the governor. And so it is, we are happy that the allegations were not proved and it has proved to the state that all those allegations did not exist and that the governor won his election on merit. The documents rely upon by the positioner is what is known in law as documentary assay. And that was exactly what the tribunal held. Documents were attended without the makers of the documents being called as witnesses. The law does not permit that because a document cannot speak for itself. So if there is any issue with the document, you call as witnesses those who made the document and people who used their presence, the document was made. If there are questions concerning maybe figures that you are questioning or circumstances in which the documents were made, inconsistencies and such other things, you ask the people who know actually what happened so that they can assist the court or tribunal one way or the other in resolving the issues. To find about fresh news updates.


Welcome to the 30 Paintings in 30 Days Project. So every day of this month, at least 30 days of this month, we are gonna create a little painting a day and we're gonna see what happens. I'm gonna experiment mostly with watercolor and gouache and let's get to painting and I will see you at the end. Okay guys, welcome to the 30 Paintings in 30 Days Project. We are on painting number 13. So let's get to it, shall we? As usual, I have a paint palette in front of me. I've got my inspiration photos to the left of me, a few paint brushes and water to the right of me and let's get started. These are just supposed to be little painting studies as we've stated in the past, something to help you get used to maybe a new medium or maybe you're used to watercolor, for instance, which is what I'm using, but maybe this is a new brand of watercolor and you don't know how they're gonna react. Maybe you're trying to get used to using a particular set of colors together that you don't normally put together, a new palette of colors, new composition, something like that. So there's a lot of reasons to do these little studies. They're just practice, but they're fun practice. So let's get started. I am going to start as usual with my half inch flat Princeton Neptune brush, which is my favorite brush. We are gonna start with, I've got a photo of actually patio umbrellas from a restaurant I went to last year with my parents and husband. Not only are the colors normally ones I don't necessarily use together. We've got this brown, a red, sort of olivey green and some white together. There's a little bit of like darkness in the background. We're gonna do something inspired by this photo. I don't normally use like those colors together without a bright pop of yellow or turquoise or something, but we're gonna give it a shot. That's what these little studying paintings are all about. So let's proper book up. There we go. We're gonna start with the olivey tone. And I'm gonna grab the Jane Davenport water spirit, which is a very olivey. It reminds me of sort of a cascade green. Oops, there it is right there. So we're gonna start with that color. I'm gonna add some water to it and I'm going to map out a shape in the background with my paintbrush. I'm going to go in with PBO's burnt umber. See, I'm remembering about these PBO paints they don't wanna be super friendly about rehydrating all the time. I'm remembering you very well. Okay, so we're gonna map out the next umbrella and then fill it in. Now I'm gonna try hard to leave white space, which as I've stated before, if you've watched any of the paintings in the series or any of my watercolor painting tutorials I've had on the channel in the past, I get focused into working with the paint and I forget about leaving white space, but I'm not a watercolor purist by any stretch, so I have no problem with grabbing a white gel pen or something to bring the white space back if needed. All right, then I'm gonna go in with Jane Davenport's Ladybug, which is a nice sort of bright red color. Out the red umbrella that's in the front of this inspiration photo. Okay, before I do anything else, I wanna dry that, so I'll be right back. Okay, I'm gonna go in with a little bit smaller brush, one of my round brushes, this is the round number four, and I'm gonna go in with the Jane Davenport ink, which is her dark blue-gray color. I'm gonna actually mix it with a little bit of the green and the brown that's already on my palette. Grab some more brown, I'm gonna grab some of the Van Dyke brown and just make sort of that dark background color that I see here. So we're gonna put some here. Fill in the shapes between the umbrellas. No, again, these are little study paintings, so you're not looking for it to be one super realistic like at all, let's see. It's just representative of what you see in the picture. You're trying to create something inspired by trying to map out these shapes so they kinda make sense. There we go, all right. That was stressful. Okay, so now, while that dries a little bit, I'm gonna start with the green umbrella, that was the one that's probably dry the most. I'm gonna take some of our water spirit color again. I'll let it go ahead and mix with the background color a little bit. And I'm gonna add some shadows. I'm actually gonna switch to a smaller brush for that, this, because that was way too big. I'm gonna just hint at refining my shapes. And you may find when you do this, you know that's an umbrella, but nobody else does. That's okay. Again, these are little studies. They're not supposed to be perfection, okay? So then I'm gonna go into the brown one, and I'm gonna actually go with the dark Van Dyke brown for this one. Refine, again, refine the shapes. Referencing the photo, if you wanna blend the paint at all, not going too far before you bring some water back into the picture, especially again with the Jane Davenport paints. They dry really quickly, okay? And then we're gonna do the same thing with the red. I'm gonna go in with a Jane Davenport color called Frida, which is a dark red. I had a lot of coffee this morning, my hands are a little shaky FYI, in case you didn't notice by that wiggly red line. I'm gonna go in with my color, go in with some water to get some depth in there, and blend it out a little bit. Okay, I'm gonna go in with the ink color, just a little umbrella finial on both of those. So now, while that's like drying and settling, I'm gonna take, I'm gonna go back to a bigger brush, and I'm gonna take the Jane Davenport, well, I'm gonna just take this color that's on here. I'm gonna add a whole bunch of water to some of it, and get a very light color. So the more, generally speaking with watercolor, the more water you add, the lighter the shade is of color. And I'm gonna put just a little bit, I don't want too much, that's actually too much.  There's a water puddle right there, so I'm gonna dry it with my rag. I'm gonna grab a little bit of that same color that we're using, suggest the little kind of flap that's in the middle of the umbrella. I'm gonna do the same thing up here, switch back to my little tiny, teeny, tiny brush, grab a little bit darker shade of that tone that we're using to just refine the outlines and some things, that little puddle right there, I've gotta, I got it, I have to dry it, hold on. Okay, okay, now we're gonna go into the same ink color, the dark blue-gray, get my bigger round brush here, add some touches of this dark color to the background. I'm not sure this is a successful paint study, as much as an interesting experiment, but that's what these are about, these are not about perfection, so I don't even want you to go there. Don't beat yourself up about it, just experiment and play.  I'm gonna grab some yellow ochre. This is definitely like the kind of little painting study that you could do maybe when you're out at a cafe with friends, you could draw some notes in the margin. I think it's a cute little painting. Let's see what it looks like when we pull the tape off, but let's dry it first. Okay, before we even pull all the tape off, I can tell you that I'm not a super big fan of just using these colors together without some pop of something, but it's an interesting experiment. And see, as I pull the tape off, it's more interesting without the tape on there. So that is painting number 13, through version, sorry. If you'd like to support the free content here on Facebook or in the, here on Facebook, holy cow. If you'd like to support the free content here on YouTube or over in the Facebook art groups, I certainly would appreciate that. You can of course join Patreon. We do have YouTube membership here for a small fee. And also I have an Etsy shop and I have PayPal tip jar and all that stuff. So check out the video description. Relevant links will also be down there. And yeah, don't forget the most important things.  Do share your work with me. I would love to see what you're doing. That's it for now. See you later. Bye guys.