Hi again, I hope you all had a great lunch break Now we have with us Daniel who has a very interesting talk on pattern matching in Python He I guess is streaming from London He has 20 years of professional background in technology with diverse roles like software engineering project leader and a trainer and He loves Python compilers piano and Dungeons and Dragons over to you Daniel Thank you very much. Is my audio working properly? Yes. Okay. Amazing. Thank you. So, thank you everyone and hello from surprisingly sunny London to everyone and What I want to talk about today is what I think is one of the most exciting features in Python coming up Which is structural pattern matching My name is Daniel. I work as a trainer and training engineers at Bloomberg and and something a bit more relevant about me for this talk is that I'm one of the multiple authors of the Pattern matching peps. It's not a single pep. It's a it's a trilogy like George Lucas did Well, at least not a trilogy of trilogies, but it's three peps because it's it's a big feature and an important to describe it well and discuss it well so This is something that's not present in the latest Python release, which is official Python release, which is three nine But if you don't load one of the Python 3.10 betas, it's available if the implementation is ready you can play with it and and Learn about it. So three ten will be available this October And we will include pattern matching. So let's discuss what is pattern matching and it's about Recognizing objects of different shapes and if we look at the At the background of this of these slides, you can see that there are a lot of different shapes in this background and We can recognize it by different aspects of them We could look at which of these shapes are black and which ones are white We can say which ones are circles or which one are crosses or which one are big and we only get this big white X So there are a lot of different things that you can look about into a shape. So And we're doing this not with a string but with full objects. So what makes objects different? So what's the shape of an object is the first thing we're trying to talk about and The shape of an object of a Python object will be related to its type The if it's a sequence how big it is if it's a mapping for example a dictionary What keys are present in an object and if it's any other instance which attributes are present also there So these are all different things that are present inside an object and that you can care about when describing its shape Also, you can check if the Check for a specific object like an exact value like is this object the number three or even a Combination and nesting of this for example is the attribute full of my instance the value exactly the value three so The first impression you get from from this description is that is this is some sort of Boolean expressions That will tell you yes or no given an object To check if it matches a shape or not but pattern matching goes beyond that and that's one of the keys in key insights of this idea of pattern matching and Which is Why are we checking the shape of the objects and when you're called you're checking the shape of a check? It's because you're about to do Something on it that depends on the shape and typically depends on extracting some data that Where the extraction can only be done if the object has a certain shape so for example if you check that The variable X holds a duck object It's probably because you want to do some duck specific operation on top of it And if you're checking for the length of a sequence is because you probably want to extract some Indices from from the sequence before that length if you check for the presence of Key or an attribute in them in a mapping or any general object It's because you are about to access a key or access that attribute so This is the most important thing checking that the notion matches the pattern and Extracting data aren't normally very related operations and they're close to each other in your goal So can we do both of them? Sort of at the same time can we describe so our patterns one to describe not just a shape But how to extract data from that? And and the fun thing is that if we say okay We need to invent something about the composition of check and also assign the different components into variables and Python Before pattern matching already has something like that So if you look at top line packing and Or it's actually sequence unpacking would be the proper name For example, I can say okay given this sequence I want to take the first element into a the last element into C and everything else into be with this description a comma star B comma C and This will disassemble my sequence It will check that it has a list of elements and it will capture the proper elements in the proper variables So pattern matching is cranking up this idea up to 11 and that's what we will do and the first idea of The first point about how we design the symptoms of patterns is following this example over here that Python already has If you look at this, this is not actually building a list This is actually describing how to assemble a list, but it looks very similar to how you can build a list like this one Where you put a as the first element C as the last and all elements of B in the middle so the object decomposition uses the same syntax as the object creation and When we are taking this idea further away, we will be doing more of this use Our patterns will look like object creations But it's important to recognize that our patterns will be used for the opposite operation from creation Which is decomposing the object into its component parts. So An easy way or entity way to to cities is that when you have a pattern this on the left are patterns You have an object on the right and we call the object being match the subject We can say, okay, can this expression on the left? Generate given some values of the variables the value on the right and In some cases, it's truly truly for example This is this this is the same a variable like X can generate anything because anything could be held into X And that's actually the value that will be captured So a pattern like this X comma Y will only generate lists or sequences of two elements And something like this will only generate integral numbers, but never will generate a float So these are the left are patterns that match these corresponding subjects When there's a tick here and don't match when there's a red X So and there are a lot of different patterns that are available that will be available in Python 3.10 and Let me I Have this big table with all the examples and all the definitions I just want to quickly go over the most prominent of these samples So you don't need to read this whole slide. It's there's a lot of information here But essentially you can check for a specific value like these two examples of the top or this middle example It's even pulling out the constant for a module and you're what you're checking is for equality If you use a variable as a pattern This actually always matches but it will capture the value of the subject inside of the variable that you chose and You have a special case for the underscore variable which always matches, but doesn't capture anything So this is like a placeholder and will be useful in some cases that we'll see We can also use like a like a call to a class name to say Okay This object is an instance of this given type because this looks like creating a dark object But in this case is our we are checking if this can be created with this constructor so We can do compositions of these so for example This is a sequence pattern checking that I have a sequence of two elements and the first element matches pattern and the second Matches this one so this will extract the second element into variable a And we can do more complicity scenarios combining the things above You can also use patterns not just on sequences But also mappings like dictionaries or default these or other Python mappings where you check for the presence of certain keys and check for the values to match certain patterns And again, you can do extract nested extraction over there. So There are some patterns that don't look exactly like Python syntax because we need to do things that were slightly different That what Python logic creation can do for example, this vertical bar essentially means Any of the possible options over here this is called an or pattern because it's doing an or between multiple possibilities We have this as To essentially capture whatever is captured on the pattern on the left into a variable at the right So this allows you to give variable names to more complicated things in in patterns like this or expression between a Boolean or a yes on a string and You you can even have a more complicated cases where you use a variable multiple times in in all the different choices So the the syntax is quite powerful and extends a bit what normally Python can do We also can see that we can match on arbitrary objects based on their attributes So this is checking that my object is a duck and the color of the duck should be green this checking that it's a duck the color of the duck should be green and It should have an age attribute and I will capture the value of the age attribute into a so this is actually like doing all these checks and also capturing this this is great in many cases because it's Simplifying a lot of checks that you normally have to do before access is some nested complicated attribute And you can nest nest even objects for example You can say I want the duck and the mother of that duck should be another duck And I want to capture the age of the mother of the duck like that and this does all the checks and pull the attribute out of that So As you can see, there's a lot of flexibility. There's a lot of options It's possible better if we look at some examples, but also before doing that I mentioned what patterns are but I still haven't explained how patterns fit into the language where where can you use pattern and patterns can only be used In in a single place, which is this new match case statement that has been added to the language Which normally looks like this It has a match with a subject and the subject is any Python expression So a value or a variable or a function call or a least comprehension of whatever you want and Then you have multiple of these case blocks each one containing some code and a pattern And an optional data, which I'll explain in a second so You can think of this as a large if and if statement So the goal of this statement is to choose a single block that will get executed only one block One of these blocks at most will be executed Zero is also a possibility For a block to execute the pattern must match the subject And if there's a Boolean condition over here These Boolean conditions are useful when you want to express a more complicated condition that cannot be expressed with the pattern syntax So you can add some extra extra checks over here so if the pattern of under guard matches this code block will be executed and The case blocks are attempted top to bottom. So There might be multiple pattern matching that that would match Patterns that would match the subject, but only the first one that matches will be the one that runs Something also useful is that this guard can use the variables captured by the pattern. So this also tends to simplify how we can write expressions Let's let's look at some examples of all of this in action so Let me show you and Slicer function that we are writing. Let's say that this is a spec that we've been given this works similar to them Essentially the The range function in function the range function in Python Where you have a mandatory stop argument But you can also provide a start and a step on the left and right So if I want to slice the sequence until the stop point I can pass only this argument beside the sequence If I want to an interval and specify the start point I can I can pass two arguments and if I want to specify the start stop and the interval I pass the Three arguments and that's what I should get. This is my specification When you start writing that you say, okay This argument seem to be optional But you cannot do this in Python because you cannot put an optional argument before a mandatory argument So this confuses Python a bit because it doesn't support directly this case and this is a syntax error. So this this doesn't work So, let's see if we can use pattern matching for this So what I want to do is essentially capture whatever arguments I get With these star arcs and match on that to consider all the different cases and possibilities So if I have only a stop value, I return the sequence and the stop value If I have a start and stop I return the sequence slice with the start and stop And if I if my star arcs is these three arguments I return everything in the slice and use you'll notice that this is not just checking that the length of the list is the proper length For each different scenario, but it's also capturing those variables and these variables are being used on the right So this is a good example of how I'm checking the shape and capturing data all at the same time And how that how that works And also have a final case with this magic underscore wildcard that I mentioned before that matches always Where I'm raising an error if all of the cases above fail Remember that cases are checked from top to bottom So this ensures that this is a very general case that always will match But we will only execute this block if none of the cases above happen So if you look at the spec again You will see that this looks really really similar to our spec As was like as Ekel someone said this is like executable set of code So you can see that in this scenario pattern matching allows us to capture our intent as Developers and make very elegant and readable code, which is which is something nice So let's go into another example, which is the famous FISPAS problem. It's a very common child's game and also a very frequently used in bad programming interviews where you want to go over numbers from one to set 100 You say one two three four five, but instead of saying three every time you hit a multiple of three you say the word this Every time you hit a multiple of five you say the word bus and every time you hit a multiple of both You say FISPAS, so you will say one two FIS for bus FIS seven, etc So if we want to call that There are infinite solutions to this problem, but let's look at the one with pattern matching essentially I have different scenarios and each Which scenario to choose depends on whether my number is divisible by three and sorry And whether my number is divisible by five So I'm matching on this pair of Boolean values. So if both are true It means it's divisible by both so I print FISPAS If it's divisible by three I print FIS if it's divisible by five I print bus and otherwise I print the number So I'm again matching on a pair of values is matching on a tuple Which are Booleans in this case and I'm again relying that the cases go from That the matching goes from top to bottom and this is a very common way of using the match statement Where you put more specific cases at the top and more general cases at the bottom So I don't have to worry about this FIS being printed if The number is also multiple of five because that case was covered before so Let's do something more Interesting and more closer to real life. Let's say we're rendering Some template on a website and I'm getting some user information from the service and my template has to print a greeting for the for the user So I have some sort of user ID. I have this API call That gives me some JSON information about the user given the ID Which is this response and I want to Check what of the of the possible responses that this service gives me are available So I can get either an error or I can get the user and also let's say I have a special case Where I want to make a special reading for the user if the if today's is the birthday of that user So, let's say, okay If I get some if my response is a chaser that has some error key inside of this And this only checks that the error keys present It doesn't care if I have another 20 keys, which is very common API said I have a lot of keys that I don't care about I will raise for example this sort of error if I get the user with the name n and the date of birth the and also This is verification. Let's say starting that today is the birthday of a person born on date D Then I will print happy birthday. I will use the name that they capture here So look that the name that they capture here I'm using inside and the day that I capture I'm using in the in the guard over here I'll print happy birthday to user in any other case not know that this third case will match any user much by the second case But the second case will cover the birthday cases So if it's not the birthday, I will fall back into this third case And we'll just print a generic welcome to the user and if I get anything else from the API probably There's a bag in either the API code or my code. So I'm raising an exception and I telling that I get an unexpected response Again, you can we can see that cases go from specific the one on top to general the one on the on the bottom so a very boring use for a Very boring use case and for Button matching is a switch time and a lot of people saying oh Python now has a switch time and yes You can use this as which time and you can check. Okay. Is this Let's say this HTTP status. Is it 200? Is it an invalid user a 403 code a 301 Which needs to be processed read a break But you can also combine them with a more complicated cases So you can say is the code something within 500 and 599 And essentially captioned captioning the code and using a guard and raising its error And if it's something else, I raise an invalid status and and this works and again in this case I could look at this and say Am I getting anything out of as compared to in this with an if and a leave statement? I'm probably not so this case probably Should be rethought as something that may be made simpler But in some cases if you're saying that you could have more complicated logic and the response here the pattern matching is Is a great fit So something else to be careful about is that I'm using literate constants and and this match properly If I use a variable name, let's say I have a constant which is called HTTP okay with the value 200 And I write HTTP okay, this will actually looks like a variable. So it will Always match in that case you still get some sort of syntax error because python realizes that I'm matching the whole variable And I have cases after that which looks a bit funny So it stops me from From doing that but in many cases, especially if your last case is a constant name But constants invariable and variables in python are the same you will actually Capturing the value into the contents, which is probably not what you want Python will try to help you most of the time here, but careful with this so other other use cases if you look at pep 636 there's an example of a simple parser for a um like a command line user interface where you type commands and and and there are parcel So very simple parsers where you pass list of strings and you want to Check commands and arguments can be done with pattern matching And going over complicated data structures if you if you follow this link the the slides will be in line later um If you follow this link, you'll see an example of a red black tree red black trees are a are fancy Balanced three data structure where those are of two possible colors And you need to maintain some invariance We need to check that if the top node is red and the left child is black and and the right node has a nephew that Does something and all of these conditions can be very succinctly and clearly expressed in patterns. So You can see comparison of how much simpler the the algorithm is with pattern matching. So Going over recursive data structures is is great with better matching and um So let's see how um this uh, this allows us to Not just talk about the future, but how this allows us to use uh to think about code in in different ways So we can think of pattern matching as a decomposition approach And python has some other decomposition approaches. For example, if I want to do a library to represent geometric shapes Uh, we can use op and in logic oriented programming I define a base shape class and a lot of subclasses for example a circle subclass that has an area method that knows how to Compute the area for a circle. This is classical op the lines in the bottom But I can instead put the logic outside of my objects And say welcome male my objects will be damn data structure like python data classes or named apples or anything like that Or more complicated option. It doesn't matter. I don't have this area function that shakes checks the shape of my shape Here and if it's a rectangle, it computes area for a rectangle It computes an area for a square or for a circle Or if it doesn't know how to compute area, it raises an exception So in this case, I'm putting the logic for Uh all area computations in the same place which has some benefits and drawbacks and and the the main point the main pain point here is that It allows me to focus on how I want to decompose things You can say that okay, but in op is very easy to add a new shape because I just define A single class and all the logic is inside of here Well in in in the pattern matching approach I have to add the shapes to all of these possible functions that operating shapes And the code is spread all over And and that is true But I can give you a counter argument when I say if I want to add new functionality rather than new shapes New operations in the osc 20 approach you need to spread new methods all about Well here all of the logic is in the in a single place so the emphasis is What do you what do we want to make extensible? Do we want to make it easy to add verbs to to our system or to add nouns to our systems where verbs are methods and nouns are objects So this is the kind of same things as a method dispatch but Focus on extensibility in a different place. So it's an alternative not a substitute for op And this comes from the functional programming paradigm Where it's typical that we have a typical Dam values and smart functions is the way they call it And essentially data structures don't don't have any behavior and the functions have all the logics to handle multiple cases And this works very well when your Data doesn't change as often as the operations that you want to do on the data For example, some sort of data analysis where every time you get new requirements on how to analyze Data existing data that you have In op you can do this kind of same things with the visitor pattern Which is to sort of solve this problem, but it's a bit cumbersome. You have to define a lot of auxiliary methods and auxiliary classes Pattern matching has a more straightforward syntax than the visitor pattern And it also has additional power because the visitor pattern can only split things apart based on their and Based on their class Well pattern matching can check a lot of different things So you could for example, if you have an ellipsis shape you can have a complicated formula for the area of ellipsis but if you If you know that the that the foci of the ellipsis are in the same place Then that's a circle and you can use a circle formula instead So I see some great questions that I will answer and On the wonder app later on because I don't think we'll have time for questions within the talk And So as comparison, how does this compare with the switch statement? and So the check-in is sequential while some switch statements have these computer go-tos that could be that that are typically faster Because it's based on literals I mean a modern python compiler in the future could do some optimizations If all your values are constant but no one is talking about doing that anytime soon And also In a switch you can use constant values, but you need to be careful with semantics the problem I mentioned before So again, it's not a great substitute for a switch statement. You can use it as that. It's not its main goal So if you want to learn more about this, I recommend you to go in over the peps The three peps cover different things 634 is the specification So it's quite hard and technical and is for language implementers 635 is interesting if you are wondering Quite better matching is designed the way it is Or why should I use it? What are good use cases for this? So that's recommended in this case and and if you already love pattern matching and want to just learn how to use it Use it 636 is a tutorial which guides you step by step through all of the syntax And I have some link with some examples over here I would also like to credit The people who made the slice carnival provided this awesome template And all these are public and there are other pictures and photographs Which are just with permission from the creators And thank you very much for attending This is my twitter. It is very easy to reach me over here And this is my email. I'm also trying to answer anything that comes over pattern matching over here But twitter is probably the best way So Again, thank you very much for attending as last point As I mentioned that I work from Bloomberg Bloomberg is hiring You can find this information about positions in this career sling And also we have a sponsor room in the conference systems and you can jump around and there's people I'm around there. So if you want to talk to some engineers, we're around there And And there's also people from HR if you want to talk about recruiting and hiring So you're welcome to come So if you I'm going to jump out now, I think But if you want to If you want to ask any questions, I'll be in the wonder of me outside the October room. So thank you very much Thank you, Danielle


මැufenස වෂඳ්නාyeි狒 3 ලේ්ඳශ්නමඳ්න වොඳළ කෙම්අන්. ඉකි පළිීක ගදහ කසරදණාහ මේ්ඊක, දvidemment�ිරනි වැරරනික්පම් කෙ었어요 වක්රරනි඿ මේ්රනේ්රද ගීසල මේ්රනූය. වවස්න්න්ක්ගෆම්ල්බටඳශ්කරු පැරිගඩාන් අඩිත්ක්සබ්වා අඩිවවැඓම්බ් ප්ලස්ල්ල්ල්ල්ල් අඩිද ගට්ස්ල්ග්ං් තපර්කයිර්රීම්ලද වැරේර්ීමක�にちは. If you notice, we didn't play the T. Okay. Now, this is just the foundation of the song. The pillar of the song. What makes the song sound this way. The reading, the arrangement. You know, this is just it. These are the progression. 1 4 5 now you know the progression of the song how to spice it up matters how to color it with passing movement matters you also need to think of how you can just um improvise on the song okay that's the passing note i'm talking about okay so if you're doing this it's fine and to the lord it's cool for you to play it like this but as a bass player you need to add some colors to your movement to your progression now advanced way you can play it you can spice it up is those passing movements i want to introduce to you you must have come across these passing movements they help a lot for you to sound more interesting on the bass now i'm going to show you the first movement i made use of on that song was this the first passing movement passing notes i made use of was the answered sound more interesting okay now what i did was five one four drop to my four then i went to six five flat five seven just a walk down to your three chromatic walk down to your three two flat three three then drop to six now you're dropping to six the six movements was okay this is my one don't forget this is my two this is my three so i started from three from three i went to five one five six that's how you to sound okay so that's it three five one five six be the glory then you see the movement to two three six to three six to gray things five simple if you start making use of these passing movements i bet you any song you come across you won't be afraid to approach them you won't be afraid to play them okay because most times all these movements you can actually use them on other song you come across apart from this song you can copy them copy the movements and make use of them on other song you come across it's simple so tonics of annotation is going to be okay that's it now the second movement i made use of there still on the same song is this three four if you notice i use the same pattern five three four six that was it okay so five three four six flat five five okay then the next movement i did i'm going to my three chord remember the progression after your four on the progression is your five from five you're going to three then three you're going to six six you're going to two then two you're going to five then you ended so the movement i made use of the second movement i made use of passing movement i made use of passing notes i made use of what's this five three four six flats five five then i went i'm going to three i did six five four three then i did the chromatic walk down to my six from five to six okay five flat six six then i did something like this okay six three flat three two climb to six then repeat it again three flat three two then drop to five then one that's it twenty seven notation is this let me put everything together so you hear how it sounds නෙternalපබිහිට්මත්ඩන ලඩරාශර්මත්මත්මාරවකතාරැයි ය්න්නාර්ර්ර්ර්ර්රඓිඥකන එය වයෟා ඁර් Bever ඿පිපරව ඇතරව ක�忍ල්, ලැරශ් මෙඩු් පේතාල් කොපරා එමුරීමේ ඔබේ් දපින් ක ම්ව ඔබේ් එන් එ තිරිත් video ඔබේ්තාන් ද තැ Jin as my passing movement to the next part progression am going so guys this is everything I want to share with you today hope you got one or two things take a practice see how you can just improvise on them okay and um also guys I have some package I've segmented in two different parts of learning the bass guitar you can request for them I have package on the pentatonic you know how to start making use of pentatonic when you play to song through you know I have這個是 ාහි කෙවාවවවුක් ප෢ෙස්බා වන් ප෢ාස්සා කිට්ම඀ු ඔබේමර්න වලෙණෙර්බු නැ මිටල් කිරඳුපේ වවේන්බගිච් වනැපකිත hattenමත් කොැප෴ අපිපිනි මිමී දෙමනි පිරුක් වහක් එය දැරුවේ මිමී එපි, අපි තාමනි තාපිමිමි, මිමී දමි තාතිනි දැරුක් මතිමි මිමමි ඛාමි කොමි එපි කසාරීවක.. මිමී ම� viewer ලීම් දයරන් ක්ත දපනලාි හුර් ඔබ් වරදි ඉජීර්


Hey everybody, welcome back to Magic Orthodoxy. My name is David and this is a deck review. Hey, today we're going to look at the Richard Turner Gold Standard deck of Bicycle 808s. Now, if you don't know who Richard Turner is, Richard Turner is just a phenomenon in the world of magic. For about the last 40 years, he's dazzled audiences all around the world. He's been in movies, he's been in TV specials, he's performed at the Magic Castle, and he does everything. He does all of his magic with a single deck of cards. But if you look closely, and if you watch any of his video footage for any amount of time, you're going to notice that Richard Turner is blind. He's completely blind and he is a just card master, card Smith, card mechanic. On top of that, he's also a six tree black belt, and he's actually been the advisor at the United States playing card company for quite a while. And just because of his unique touch and his unique ability to be able to discern different types of cut, different types of finish. And what that has done is it has earned him a lifetime supply of cards at his house. He has about 6,000 decks of cards. And I know it's a hope right now that there might soon be a documentary film about his life called Delt. This deck of cards is the Gold Standard deck, which means these are the cards that Richard Turner prefers. This is the deck cut and stock that he prefers. And let me just say, you know, you get lots and lots of questions from lots of people that ask, you know, what's the best deck of cards, what's the best deck of cards for flourishing, what's the best deck of cards for magic. I'm always going to come back to say, just you want to get a standard deck of red 808s. But, but I would say let's get these. These would be the ones that you'd want to get just a couple of reasons why. First of which is you're going to get the standard tuck case. This is the standard old school tuck case. Now, these are harder to find nowadays. You're going to see a lot of the new tuck cases out there. And the reason why the new tuck cases don't always work is because sometimes you get gas cards and the gas cards that you still have in your collection are for the old tuck case. And so the having a nice, crisp, clean old tuck case, reprinted, right, will work with a lot of your gas. Also notice you have a full-size back design on the back. Again, you're some of you have gas that enable you to slide a card or hide a card on the back of the tuck case. And it's easier to do when the back of the tuck case looks like the back of the cards. And that's really not the case right now with some of the decks coming out from United States playing card company. You're all familiar with the standard 808 Ryderback tuck case. I'm not going to go through it, but you do notice that it does have a gold seal on there. Okay, that's your first indicator that they're Richard Turner's. And then also there's a little seal right there that says traditionally cut for the professional. Now, if you'd like to learn more about traditionally cut, you can click the link below the description and I go all into that. But basically what it means is these cards are cut so that they table farrow. Table farrowing is done in a lot of gambling routines and that's more so Richard Turner style. And so if you'd like to learn more about what a traditional cut deck is, I would advise you just click the link below. And I'll give you more information about that. These cards are printed from the United States playing card company and the features on this are unique. The first of which is you're getting B stock. Okay, you're getting casino grade stock. Normally wider backs come in their retail stock, which is much thinner. Having the casino grade cards makes these last longer because they're thicker, they're more durable.  So that's unique right there as well. So hey, if you're serious about cards, if you're serious about card collecting, you're serious about flourishing, stop buying these off the shelves and start buying Richard Turner gold standard deck. With this deck, you're going to get an ad card about Richard Turner. And it lets you know that these are his cards and that way you'll always remember that this is the Richard Turner deck. If you keep this in your deck of cards, you're also going to get a blank card as a gaff, which is always cool for magicians. And with this deck, you're going to get two full-size jokers. Now, a regular standard deck of 808s comes with a full-size joker and a guaranteed joker, but you don't need the guaranteed joker and it's nice to have two full-size jokers, especially if you want to do like sandwich effects where you show, look, I have two identical cards and then they watch their card mysteriously get trapped between the other two. It's nice to have two cards that are identical so that that illusion is very clear and crisp for your spectator. The rest of this deck is completely standard, both pips and indices, all colors and core cards. So when people always ask me, you know, what deck should I get for magic or what deck should I get for flourishing, I always recommend this one. This is the one you want to get. All right, so that is my review for the Richard Turner gold standard deck. This deck was provided very generously for us by the good people down at Murphy's Magic and if you'd like to purchase your own, you can find it at one of your favorite Murphy's Magic suppliers. Thanks, bye.


Dan Beaulieu will go from the inside in red. Attaching Doudek alongside him in blue. Jason Doyle in white in gate number three. Freddie Lingwin from the outside. In the yellow helmet colour. Tenths times they've had to be patient. We all have. It's been a long night. It's been a tenths night. It's been attritional. But now, semifinal one. Fingers crossed, the track behaves itself, and we can see some fine-making. If you're wondering who that is, that's Dan Beaulieu. Because every time his name is mentioned, the place goes mad. Clearly, a tremendous amount of support for the young British rider. But he's up against some experienced campaigners here. A world champion, a former world champion, a former world number two, Freddie Lingwin. Always there or thereabouts. A world number three in the past. Some real, real hard-nosed speedway riders coming up to tapes. And a man trying to make the final for the first time. And if he can replicate something similar to what we saw earlier on tonight, then he has every chance of going through to the grand final. So guys just doing a bit of gardening there. It's certainly beauty. Dan's having to work very, very hard down there on the inside. I wonder if he's maybe wishing he'd picked Kate too. He looks like he's settled down now. So here we go then, semifinal one. We've had to wait, but we're now going to get on with the action. Three-night comes on now. Goals in the tapes. Oh, can you believe it? What's happened to Duda? He's just falling over. Well, the drama continues. It's just, it's one of those evenings where you just cannot, anything could happen here tonight. In the inside, Dan Buley in the red helmet colour. Gate number two in blue. No rider there. And on the outside is Freddie Lingwin. Five seconds to go. Got to get there now. Don't move around now. Behave yourselves. Here we go then. Second time of asking. Semifinal number one. Green light comes on now. Here we go. Thanks for having me all the way. Duda's made a great start. Superb start out of gate number two. Lingwin coming hard around the outside. Buley though, holding still, holding firm. Holds that inside. He's in the second place. But wow, what a start from Patrick.  Superb effort from him. Track has behaved so far. That's good news. They're coming out of Camden. Duda's firing away. Dan Buley looking set to make his first final of his career. One moment for him, but Patrick Duda. What a start. Yeah, Patrick Duda passed away. Looks like Jack Olderman made the right choice. Going for gate two, even though Smarter could be on the inside, but Dan Buley solid in that first third. Absolutely right. They're into the last lap. And it looks like it's going to be Patrick Duda and Dan Buley. Buley making half a mistake, but he's got breathing space with Freddie Lingwin back in third place. What a ride from Duda. He's in the final and then Buley's first final of his career. Never on praise. Fantastic moment for him. Freddie Lingwin and Jason Dover missing out this evening. What a ride that was. What a start he had and the race times are back. 53 seconds, that's more like it. Great to see and we're going to get a superb conclusion to this night. I've got to say the track work did the job. The track definitely held up in that race. It's got two more races to go. We see the result Patrick Duda through to the final. Dan Buley within Freddie Lingwin and Jason Dover missing out this time. And the race time of 53.9 seconds when you look at it back, it was 56 earlier on tonight. That is conclusive evidence that the track work did behave there. We will hope that semi-final number two produces that but Patrick Duda, that was a lightning start. Great composure there. He really did nail it. And a solid first turn from Dan Buley. Biggest first turn of his career so far. But Dudeck it is, just gets his hand to bars across, stays down low. But this is where Dan Buley has to be strong. We know Freddie Lingwin is not going to move out of his way. And he is solid in that first turn. But what a start and a ride from Patrick Duda. Yeah, this was the moment when I feared for Buley. He really did have to hang tough there because there's no doubt when you've got a rider like Lingwin alongside, he's going to try and intimidate you. Look how tight they were. They're not going to pull this all through. But actually, to be honest, Dudeck was kind of just saw him come out of the throttle there momentarily. And that probably did Buley a favour. But nonetheless, Dudeck and Buley threw.


Greetings from Mumbai and greetings from IIT Bombay. Welcome to the EDX and IIT Bombay X course ME209X. The title of this course is Thermodynamics. I am Uday Gaitonde. I am one of the teachers for this course. I will be helped in teaching of this course by two of my colleagues Millind Atre and Upendra Bhandarkar. All three of us are on the faculty of mechanical engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay at Poway, Mumbai. To begin with, let us briefly look at the prerequisites for this course. These are the topics and subjects which you are expected to be familiar with so that you can appreciate and go through this course without any significant difficulty. It is expected that in high school you would have studied physics and chemistry. In chemistry, we are mainly interested in physical chemistry. The mathematics requirement is slightly at a higher level. So, let us say at the junior college level, you should have studied mathematics, particularly the calculus part of mathematics. And in calculus, we will be essentially looking at differentiation and integration as the two main requirements. But we will also be using partial differentiation and we will make use of some properties of exact differentials. Apart from this background in physics, chemistry and mathematics, it is expected that you should have the ability to work with numbers. You should not hesitate to use a calculator and do some amount of number crunching for this course. What about textbooks? It turns out that although a large number of textbooks are available for the survey act on thermodynamics at various levels, it turns out that there is no perfect textbook of thermodynamics. It is also not possible to have one single textbook which aligns itself perfectly with this particular course ME209x. However, since a reasonable number of good textbooks are available, I will be listing a few of them. They will be available in a separate document just after this video. So, the recommendation is go through the list of books, look them up in the local library and maybe select a few for reference. The books listed include engineering oriented books. The books listed include some classical physics books. So, the choice is yours. I recommend that you browse through these books whenever time permits and then decide which one or which ones you will follow. Thank you.


Next question is from J.J. Boogie, 64. In what ways have you or do you subliminally mold your children? What does that mean subliminally? I hypnotize it. No, I don't. Because I totally do this. I think I've shared it on the podcast already, like the whole basketball thing. It's always on in the background? Yeah, yeah. I think that's what it means by subliminally. I'm not forcing my son to watch it. It's just playing in the background. That's how you throw away the garbage. I did that with Star Wars and with music all the time. Like I had mentioned this. I found those nursery chimes of AC-DC, Metallica. The lullabies. Yeah, the lullabies. And that sort of groomed them into then I started to buy them CDs of all these rock bands that are just staples. You have to have this in your collection of lead zeppelins and all these bands. I do that all the time. That's so funny. So this reminds me of a video, a few videos I've seen of something similar where there's like a little baby that won't eat. So the mom or dad is like trying to give their kid like mashed vegetables or something. The kid's like, yeah.  The doll says no. Then they beat the doll. Then they go give the food to the kid and the kid eats the food. I was like, oh my God. It's like an interrogation. Yeah, that's nice. Because they'll do it to the doll. The doll goes, no. Just like the kid did and then they'll hit the doll. They set the doll on fire. Then they give the food to the kid and the kid eats it all. I'll eat the broccoli mom. Oh my God. When I think of this in terms of subliminal, I think of just my own actions. Especially when I'm around my kids, I try to be aware of how I treat my wife in front of them. I try to be aware of how I react. If I'm angry, if I'm happy, if we're driving and let's say we drive by a homeless encampment. I try to be aware of what I'm going to say because I want empathetic, loving. I want my kids to grow up to be good people. What am I going to say as we drive by this to show them that this is how you should be around these kinds of things. That's what I try to think of. One time I lost my temper. This is when my kids were young. This is that story when the kid threw the basketball at my car while I was driving by. I got so mad and I turned around. The kid and his friends ran inside the house and I pulled their basketball hoop down and threw it or whatever. Then I remember as I was leaving my son had a conversation with him. He was real young and he's like, why did you do that? That was worse. I remember thinking to myself like what a bad example. I just gave my kids of how you should act in a situation like that. I think that's the most important thing. It's even more subtle. I do things like, so right now Katrina and I, we made a pact before we even had Max like the things that we wanted to be careful of our own behaviors. The phone was a big thing for me because that's a newer thing. I didn't have that 20 years ago where I'd be on a cell phone all the time where I'm literally on a cell phone all the time. It is. It's a real temptation for me to want to grab it for a lot of reasons. It's very easy for me to justify it. We're in the middle of building a business that we all love and are passionate about it and we enjoy. I always want to check emails and respond back to people and to do those things because I really enjoy it and it's also benefiting the company building. It's really tough for me to shut that down and I have to make a point to do that because I do not want my son to get used to seeing his father staring at his screen because that becomes normal. That's a tough one, man. It is a tough one but because Katrina and I both have made such a great pact about it that if either partner does it we always like little subtle comment, you know? Like, oh, daddy's on his phone after five right now. And then like right away, like if I get, like phone, I drop it like it's hot lava, you know, right away because I'm like that's something that's important to me. And I do the same thing to her, you know? She gets stuff where she's communicating maybe with family about some weekend thing we're about to do but if we're engaging with him and he's sitting in front of us, that's like for us, that's like a big no-no. And you know, I know we're not 100% perfect and we won't ever but the fact that I think that we were conscious of it and we were making an effort, I hope, makes a difference for when that becomes something that he's interested in that he doesn't connect like, oh, mommy and daddy are always on their phone. That's the challenge of now. You know, when we were kids it was processed foods which now we're seeing the ramifications. The challenge of now is electronics and I see a clear difference in my kids when I monitor it versus when I don't. They're totally different people, so I think that's a good thing. I've tried to, yeah, address this by starting to really model of being outside more and doing things and building things and being active and climbing and walking and hiking, all that kind of stuff and like, you know, just making that opportunity there and available so that they, you know, they're just in that environment more than I am in the house and then there's nothing but electronics just because it's, it is so hard.  I got emails, I got things and then they're like, well, we're important. We got our friends that want to talk to us online, dad. You know, I'm like, yeah, you're right. Like, what am I doing? Yeah, yesterday I took the kids and I got home and I said, hey, we're going to go to the park. And I got a bunch of pushback. Oh, we don't want to go to the park. It's so different from when we were kids. And my daughter, I don't want to go. It's hot. I don't want to do this. I don't want to do that.  You know what? I'm going to do it. They're going to come with me whether they like it or not. So I took them and it took a good, no joke, 15 to 30 minutes before them to even loosen up. It's like decompressing.  Yeah, always 15 to 30. First they complain. They don't want to do it. But about 15 to 30 minutes later, we're throwing the frisbee. Gotta go. Yeah, so.


What's going on y'all welcome to the single guy channel my name is Lloyd so what we're going to talk about today is we're going to be talking about Body types specifically what is the most? Preferred body type by women on men So if you watch my channel, you know that I'm not a huge looks guy meaning that I don't focus on Like attracting women just through your appearance I focus on other things like how well you talk to them how you treat them how confident you are how you Plan your lifestyle all of those kinds of things, but having said that you know your look does matter How much does it matter? I don't think it's the most important thing, but it does help Okay, so what is the preferred body type by women? We're gonna talk about three things We're gonna talk about what type of body women do not prefer And then we're gonna talk also about the body that they do prefer and lastly most importantly How can you get this body is this achievable for the average guy to get is this reasonable if you're watching this video? Can you get this all right? So I focus on a lot of things that we can change that we have control over on this channel I will touch on the things that are outside of our control, but for me I'm a guy who's here to empower you here to make your life better And I'm not here to give you some story about how it's not going to be achievable because that wouldn't be true anyway So we're gonna talk about the different body types that women do not prefer the number one body that men Think women want is actually not the most preferred. That's the bodybuilder body You know a lot of men think that women are looking for this giant muscle-bound guy who's huge when in actuality They're looking for a guy who's maybe more around a swimmer's body That's usually what women prefer a little bit more if you ask them in the studies and that sort of stuff However, how thin and slim and cut should they be well the other body that men think that women prefer is like the Really cut guy, you know, he's just shredded, you know, you can see every individual little muscle Actually women are not so into that body. Maybe some might be into it Obviously, there's different preferences like some like I'm sure if you went to the Jersey Shore Women would be super into a guy who was like Gal Jack to grin gorilla like But we're talking about averages and more often than not These two body types were not the most preferred by women because you know, I would know I'm actually a really slim like cut guy myself That's not the most preferred body that women are looking for what they are Preferring is they are preferring a guy who's in a little bit of shape Okay, he's in a little bit of shape, but he doesn't look like you know, your gorilla or giant huge jacked Bodybuilder kind of guy. He's in a little bit of shape and you know He might not you might not be able to say each individual like little ab of his or each individual vein that he has But he looks like he can do stuff, especially like broad shoulders as well But women tend to be into that source at least broader than hers So what they want to see is they want to see a little bit of muscle because part of being a man is that We tend to be a little bit more muscular than the women that were that we're dating Well, at least we have more muscle mass on the upper body So sometimes they look for that sort of stuff, but also to they don't just look at your upper body They're also going to look at your ass. Now, what kind of body is this? This actually falls under the category believe it or not of not just being a guy who's a little bit fit But the dad bod that's been going around you can sing this all over news Hollywood Leonardo DiCaprio's got a dad Why are women into the dad bod women are into the dad bod because it looks like they can do some work It looks like, you know, they maybe they work with their hands or you know They're a little bit physically fit, but they also like to have a good time or a beer every now and then So to talk about how you guys can get this ideal body by showing a little bit of fitness But also looking like you can relax. I have my good friend here Linnell Linnell is a guy who was trained Olympians He's trained your average folk. He's been all around the block He's seen all different body types and trained all different body types So he's going to tell you how you can make this achievable for yourself. All right, Linnell. Well, there you are Popped up right on camera Cool, Linnell. Why don't you tell us a little bit about how a little bit about the dad bod What's so appealing about the dad bod and is this achievable for the average guy? This is absolutely achievable for the average guy. I mean, I've worked with a lot of people And we're not talking just Olympians. We're talking regular Joe's and Jane's out there who are looking to just get them get themselves together And most people think that they need to come in and have a six-pack and ripped and Musculature and women don't really care about that because it actually makes them feel more insecure So they feel like wow, I can't do this and why would this guy want me because I've got a little bit of weight on me And in fact having a little bit of pudge on you is actually a good thing You still want to look like you work out, but you don't want to look like You know fat or on the opposite end to to skinny So you want to have a little bit of weight to you Look manly in a sense And there's a lot of different things that people can do to change their body for the better and actually be more attractive Yeah, I think what I've heard women say about like guys with you know The very defined six pack or like, you know the buff bodybuilders like they're like Well, it's kind of interesting to look at or it's nice to look at But when they actually think about being with that person, it's not the most appealing So that's why guys like Leonardo DiCaprio even he's gotten older like what we still find is like super appealing You know you take the fame outside of it, but you know You would still want to have like a little bit of muscle to yourself Are there any individual like parts of the body that men should focus on and what are those parts? Yeah, absolutely When it comes to developing a body it's actually changing your body. You really want to focus on the Shoulder area of your body and then actually your hips Those two areas are where women's eyes actually go and I've talked to a lot of women I've trained a lot of women and usually I always ask them, you know, what is it that attracts? What is it attractive to you about a man and usually they'll look at the shoulders They want nice broad shoulders and they want, you know, kind of a nice, but just the way us men we look at the Women do the same thing to us. So we have to put in some work with our butt and do it So when it comes to the upper body a lot of men come in and they just jump straight at the bench press That's the first thing I see whenever I go to the gym and actually it's the opposite when you come into the gym You actually want to work your back by working your back and getting more of a V cut to your to your frame You'll actually become way more attractive having nice broad shoulders is really attractive to a woman So doing more rows doing more pull-ups Actually doing a little bit of chess But most men that do enough chess where they need to start focusing on their back doing some more shoulder work If you start doing those exercises, you'll start to develop a better frame and start to look more more More defined is what I what I want to say. Yeah And so you mentioned that they should be doing these exercises. How often did they got to work out? It's like really hard or is this like oh my god for them to do I think most people overwork I think they come into the gym way too much. I think they're over trained I think they they push their body too much most of the time I recommend people come into the gym twice a week. That's about what you need to do and for most people That's about the time that they need to recover Everyone thinks that in order to get bigger muscles They need to work out more and I'm actually on the opposite and where you need to work out less You need recovery. You need to be able to let your muscles Breakdown during the workout and then take as long as you need to recover if you don't come back into the gym a little bit stronger you haven't recovered you need to take take a rest and Quite frankly most people can use that to go do something else Which is way better than try to kill yourself in the gym getting a body that women don't really care for and Not being as attractive as you want to be So sounds like you can get the body that women ideally want for not working out very much a day I'm sorry number working out very much a week. What is this workout plan? What is this? Oh, man? So we've actually developed a program called opens fitness where it's focused on getting the maximum Results that you can get with the minimal amount of effort So we're talking about two fifteen minute workouts a week And we're talking about dialing in the hard part of getting a body that you want Which is nutrition and we actually make it pretty easy because we actually figure out what foods your body needs So once you figure out what foods your body really really needs you start eating more of those foods your body just transforms You don't have to get on a diet where you're eating salads and greens and all this other Foo-foo stuff you can actually eat the food that your body actually loves So I have a client who regularly eats chocolate like his body loves chocolate and I have another client who? she loves she loves fish and You know your body will tell you exactly what you want and we kind of put that into the program So you can actually start changing your body with the foods that work for you So where could people get access to this program? Oh my goodness so you can get access by going to Occam's fitness calm backslash Lloyd and Basically, we have a free master class where we actually show you exactly how to change your body most people are making three big mistakes when it comes to changing their body and If they follow those three things and actually take that out of their routine, they'll actually transform so much faster Okay, cool. Well, check it out. Some people pronounce it Occam's usually Occam's Occam's Occam's Basically, I pronounce it as Occam's Occam's fitness And yeah, it's really changed a lot of people you'll see a lot of testimonials on there But people who've changed their body with very minimal work and you know, I love it Cool. Well, thanks so much for coming on here. Absolutely. Thank you So, yeah, this is something that I'll talk about a little bit more in the future Probably not that much we're gonna focus generally on like just raw dating But it's always nice like I said to have a body that makes you feel more confident that women ideally prefer And if you can get it without doing that much work a week Cool, right. Thanks guys. Good luck out there