Good evening aspirants. Welcome to the Hindi news analysis brought to you by Shankarai's Academy. Today I'll be covering the Hindi news edition dated 2nd of August 2022. Look at the list of news articles I have taken for today's discussion. These news articles will be discussed in a detailed manner from the problem's perspective as well as main's perspective. And the quiz question for today will be posted as a poll along with this video. So listen to the discussions carefully and then try to answer that question. The answer for that poll will be published along with tomorrow's video. Now for example take this question, read it out, try to answer this question. If you are not able to answer this question don't worry we are going to cover this topic in today's analysis. Then come back you can definitely answer this question. So in today's discussion we are going to cover certain crucial topics like this. Without wasting much time let us get to the discussion. So at last August has begun now. This month is special for us because we are going to celebrate our 75th Independence Day in this month. So in that spirit I have taken this news article first. As you can see the title says hergar tiranga. Here her means every, gar means house, tiranga means tricolor. So it states tricolor in every house. This is a campaign about taking the national flag into our homes. We'll see what it is in our discussion. See actually this article reminds us of the significance of national flags from historic times. It mentions examples from the epic Mahabharata and the significance it held at that time. And through this it establishes the importance of national flag. So this is what we need to understand from the news article. But from examination point of view what should be our focus? Yes it is the Indian national flag. So we'll see its history and also the initiative hergar tiranga. See as I said flags have a special place since the dawn of civilizations because it is seen as a symbol of belonging and protection. It is also a symbol to rally people together. Particularly when we talk about India flags have been an important part of Indian tradition as it symbolizes glory and dharma. And this is why the tradition has continued even when we started building India as a modern nation state. But remember immediately we did not come up with the current tricolor flag. Before that India had different flags. Let us see how the Indian national flag has evolved over time. We can start from the pre-independence era. Between 1904 and 1906 the first Indian flag came into existence. As you can see in this image it was made by Sister Nivedita. Sister Nivedita was the Irish disciple of Swami Vivekananda. So as you can see there is no tricolor in this. Now after Sister Nivedita's flag another flag was designed in 1906. It was a tricolor flag. It had three equal stripes of blue yellow and red. And here in Hindi it is written as Vande Mataram. So that means the flag which came out in 1906 had the terminology Vande Mataram and it reflected the Indian spirit at that time. Other than this it also had several symbols like the sun, moon, stars etc. In addition to this in 1906 itself another flag came into existence. It was hoisted on August 7th of 1906 at an anti-partition rally that was held in Parsi Bangan square in Den Calcutta. This is also a tricolor flag and it also has the terminology Vande Mataram. But the colors are different here. And note that this tricolor is believed to have been designed by two people Sachendra Prasad Bose and Sukumar Mitra. So from this we can say that the tricolor tradition started in 1906. Then next year another flag was hoisted in Germany. It was in 1907. Now this flag was called the Berlin committee flag. It was collectively designed by Madam Bikaji Kama, Vinayak Damotar Savarkar who is also referred to as Veer Savarkar and then Shyamji Krishna Verma. As you can see this flag is also a tricolor flag. It also had the terminology Vande Mataram. And note that this was the first Indian flag to be hoisted in a foreign land. Then another flag came into existence in 1917. It is hoisted by Dr. Anipasant and Lokmanya Tilak. It is hoisted during the home rule movement that was demanding the Dominion status to India. So as you can see it is not a tricolor flag and it also did not had the term Vande Mataram. But as you can see it also has another flag in its northwest corner. You can recognize it easily I think. It is the flag of United Kingdom. Then after this we also had another tricolor flag. The design of this tricolor is largely attributed to Pingali Venkaya. He was an Indian freedom fighter who reportedly first met Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa itself during the Second Anglo-Boer War. Actually he even published a book with possible designs of Indian flags in the year 1916. And then in 1921 at the All India Congress committee that was held in Beswada Venkaya met Gandhiji again and proposed a basic design of the flag. Here Venkaya suggested a flag consisting of two bands of colors. One was red and the other was green. It was to symbolize two major communities that is Hindus and Muslims. But it is said that Gandhiji suggested adding a white band to represent peace and the rest of the communities living in India. He even suggested a spinning wheel to symbolize the progress of the country. So this flag that came out in 1921 had a charka. Charka means spinning wheel. See actually some people were not happy with the communal interpretation of the national flag. So keeping this in view a new flag was designed. Here the tricolor aspect was retained even the charka was retained but only the colors were changed. The colors were changed to saffron white and green. And note that this flag having the charka in the middle is also called as the Swaraj flag. And after this came our current national flag. See when India attained independence a committee headed by Dr. Rajendra Prasad was formed to select the national flag of India. The committee adopted the Swaraj flag with a slight change as the flag of independent India. So here the charka in the middle was replaced by Ashok Chakra. And after that the tricolor flag having the Ashok Chakra is our national flag. And note that this flag has no religious interpretation like the one before the Swaraj flag. So now what the colors mean here? Here the saffron is on the top. It symbolizes strength and courage and white is in the middle which represents peace and truth. And then comes the green at the bottom. It stands for fertility, growth and auspiciousness of the land. And in the middle we have the Ashok Chakra represented in blue color. It has 24 spokes. It is intended to show that there is life in movement and death in stagnation. Okay. So this is the evolution of our Indian flag. So from this you would have got the idea of when the tricolor idea was adopted and when the colors were changed to saffron and green and then when charka was added and then when it was changed to Ashok Chakra. Now let us come to the initiative Harghar Thiranga. See this is a campaign to encourage people to bring the Thiranga home that is the tricolor flag to their home and to hoist it so as to mark the 75th year of India's independence. Here people are encouraged to hoist it between August 13th and 15th. Now what is the significance of this campaign? See before this campaign our relationship with the flag has always been more formal and institutional than personal. But now bringing the flag to our homes reflects the act of personal connection to the Thiranga. It is also an embodiment of our commitment to the nation building. Now the idea behind this initiative is to invoke the feeling of patriotism in the hearts of people and also to promote awareness about the Indian national flag. It also aims to invoke a sense of ownership in the people and obviously it is also meant to celebrate the Azadika Amrat Mahotsav in the spirit of Jan Bhagidari. See Jan means community. Bhagidari means participation. It represents community participation in the celebration of 75th Independence Day. See here you should note that for this campaign the government has taken steps to ensure that every citizen gets an opportunity to hoist a national flag and for this the flag code has been changed. That is it has been changed to make the flag more accessible. So now every Indian will have the unique opportunity to hoist the flag at their homes. You can get these flags from post offices near you and even the state governments have tied up with various stakeholders for the supply of flags. For example if you remember yesterday we saw about Urnodai scheme of Assam and we saw that Assam government has given additional money to the beneficiaries to buy flag. So initiatives like this have been taken by the state governments and also by the central government. You can also get the flag from the government's e-market place portal on e-commerce portals and even it is available with various self-help groups. So don't forget to buy flag and hoist it from 13 to 15th. So this discussion was quite factual. We have seen many relevant points from the problems angle. So with these points in mind now we are going to the next news article discussion. Let us see what this news article says. It mentions that Bharat biotech which is a vaccine making company is now working with the Washington University School of Medicine to develop a new type of vaccine. So they are working to develop a novel chimp adenovirus intranasal vaccine for COVID-19. This vaccine is expected to prevent COVID infection and transmission. We will see more about this vaccine when it is developed. Today rather we are going to focus on the type of vaccinators which is the intranasal vaccine. See as the name suggests these vaccines are administered through the nasal tracts that is through nose. The idea behind this is to stop the virus at the point of entry itself. So the focus here is triggering immune response in the nose. Let me take the example of COVID-19 itself to make you understand. See as you know SARS-CoV-2 was identified as the cause of an acute respiratory disease known as the coronavirus disease 2019 or in short COVID-19. Now recent reports indicate that this SARS-CoV-2 evokes robust humoral immune responses. It even evokes production of virus specific antibodies of the immunoglobulin M that is IgM then immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A IgM IgG and IgA isotypes. As you know an antibody is a protein that is produced by the body's immune response when it detects a harmful substance. Here the harmful substance is the antigen. Now when the virus comes into the body the immune system produces antibodies. Particularly the IgA isotype that is immunoglobulin A isotype plays a crucial role in protecting mucosal surfaces against pathogens. See mucosal surfaces are those which has mucous membranes. They align many tracks and structures of the body like mouth, nose, eyelids etc. So this IgA plays a crucial role in protecting mucosal surfaces. This is done by neutralizing respiratory viruses or it even prevents the pathogens attachment to the epithelial cells in the mucosal surfaces. So from this it is clear that the first barrier the virus faces is through the IgA in the nose. But if you see the vaccines that are developed for COVID-19 they are intramuscular injections that is you take the shot in the arm right. It is a intramuscular injection. Here the injections are given deep into a muzzle and there the medication is absorbed quickly by the surrounding blood vessels. But we know that SARS-CoV-2 attacks us via respiratory tract but here the vaccines are injected in the arm. So generally they do not generate the kind of protection in the nasal passages that would be needed to block all infections that is it does not provide sterilizing immunity. See when there is sterilizing immunity it neutralizes antibodies at the site of infection itself. So for respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2 the occurrence of neutralizing IgA in the mucosal secretions means sterilizing immunity. So the vaccines could be used to enhance this sterilizing immunity. That is here we want to protect the upper respiratory tracts. Then the products that are administered as vaccines should be provided in the nose itself. So the vaccine products need to be administered in the nose itself to protect the upper respiratory tracts and that is why we need a intranasal vaccine a vaccine that is administered in the nose. If you ask me whether by taking intranasal vaccines we can avoid the infection totally the answer is no because it cannot be said that intranasal vaccines would block all the infections but according to experts they would do a better job than the existing intramuscular vaccines because these intranasal vaccines provide a better protection to the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. These are the primary sites of infection so if they are protected then the further transmission of the virus will be protected. But other than this there are also other reasons why intranasal vaccines are considered better than the other COVID-19 vaccines. See the existing vaccines induce enough levels of antibodies after vaccination and even some of them end up in mucous membranes of the nose and throat. We are not saying they do not provide protection at all but the protection that is provided by intranasal vaccine is quite high. Now in case of other vaccines as the antibody levels start to drop in the months after vaccination the early nasal protection which was provided by them starts to fade but in case of intranasal vaccines they will keep up the antibodies level at the site of infection that is in the nasal tracts. So by this the nasal tract will be protected from the virus. Now we are seeing every other day new variant of coronavirus so at this time a vaccine that could provide protection at the site of infection especially the sterilizing immunity is the need of the hour. So that is why many vaccine companies are working on developing this intranasal vaccines. So what you need to remember from this discussion intranasal vaccines are administered through nasal tracts especially for COVID-19 it will be more beneficial because the main infection site is the nose and throat and it provides better sterilizing immunity than the intramuscular vaccines. So with these facts in mind let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now let us take up this editorial for discussion. It talks about the rupee-ruble route to counter the dollar hegemony. See here rupee is the Indian currency and ruble is the Russian currency and the article talks about how this rupee-ruble route can counter the use of US dollars in the trade. So we are going to see the potential advantage for India of adopting this route and also we will see the issues that may arise due to this adoption. Here I have given the syllabus relevant to this discussion just take note of it. Now everywhere we see in the international trade of India we see US dollar USD USD USD it is because the trade payments are made in US dollars. This is a scenario since World War II because after that US dollar has occupied the top most position in the currency hierarchy and the reason behind this is the continual strong performance of the US economy and also the trust which everyone has on USD worldwide. So these situations have led to the situation of most global transactions happening via USD. But for a country like India this is a cause for concern and especially in a current economic condition of India this is a concern. So we know India imports some of its essential commodities. We import crude oil, edible oil, active pharmaceutical ingredients etc and we cannot immediately replace these imports with domestic production. So we have to rely on imports only and that is why the exchange rate between rupee and USD is important because the payment is made in US dollars. But we know that Indian rupee is vastly depreciating against the US dollar. Currently the cost of USD has crossed 78 rupees and this is resulting in inflation in India because of the increasing import bill. So to counter this situation India is taking steps to avoid the use of US dollars in its international transactions and one such effort is the rupee ruble route. Especially this will enable trade with Russia. Now to understand the advantages associated with this rupee ruble route we need to go through some basics. Here we will be knowing about Nostro account, Vostro account, rupee invoicing etc. First let me take the Nostro account. See Nostro in Latin means hour. Nostro account it refers to an account maintained by an Indian bank in a foreign bank which is located in a foreign country. So here the Indian bank maintains the Nostro account in the foreign currency. For example SBI maintains a US dollar denominated account in the city bank which is located in USA. So this is a Nostro account. So basically we can say that Nostro account means our money that is on deposit at your bank. Now the reverse of this Nostro account is the Vostro account. Vostro in Latin means your. So in case of a Vostro account a foreign bank maintains an account in an Indian bank. Therefore the Vostro account is denominated in Indian rupees. So here it basically means that in a Vostro account your money is on deposit at our bank. Now how these Nostro and Vostro accounts enable the rupee ruble route? For this let me take an example. Consider there are two banks. There is Russian bank A and then Indian bank B. Here the Indian bank B maintains a ruble denominated Nostro account with Russian bank A. On the other hand the Russian bank A maintains a rupee denominated Vostro account with the Indian bank B. Now India and Russia have an agreement upon exchange rate of one ruble equaling two rupees. So by paying two rupees we will be getting one ruble. So this is the situation. Now assume that a company in India for example Reliance Industry decides to import oil from a Russian oil company worth thousand rupees. Let this company be named as Russoil. Now instead of giving thousand rupees to Russoil here the Reliance Industries will deposit the amount in the Vostro account in the Russian bank A. Now this Russian bank A will in turn give 500 ruble to the Russoil company because we saw that the exchange rate is one ruble equaling two rupees. So thousand rupees equals 500 ruble. Now let me take another scenario where a Nostro account is present. Here assume that the Russian government is importing pharmaceutical products from Bharat biotech and it is worth 500 ruble. So here the Russian government will be depositing the 500 ruble in the Nostro account of Indian bank B. Now this Indian bank B will in turn give thousand rupees to Bharat biotech. So here you can see that we are only using rupee and ruble for the trade and we have bypassed US dollar. This is how the rupee ruble route will work. Okay now let me come to the another term rupee invoicing which is also called as rupee accounting. So it is maintaining your account in rupee denomination. At present as you know most of the international trade from India is dollar invoiced but there is an issue with dollar invoicing. What is the issue? Let me take another example here. Assume you are India's leading basmati rice exporters. Now your cost especially the wages and salaries are domestic and thus they are rupee denominated but your customers are mostly abroad that is in the USA and Europe. So your revenues are in dollars and euros. Now in this scenario the Indian side of things are rupee invoiced. On the other hand the export side is dollar invoiced and assume you are exporting one ton of basmati rice at thousand US dollars. Now to make one ton of basmati rice you are spending 70,000 rupees. This is fixed. Now what is the exchange rate? We saw it is 78 rupees for one dollar. So at the present exchange rate the thousand US dollars that you make by selling one ton of basmati rice will be about 78,000 rupees. Now in this transaction you have spent 70,000 rupees but you are getting 78,000 by selling that basmati rice. So you have made 8,000 rupees profit. Now suddenly assume the rupee starts performing well and it starts appreciating. When rupee appreciates then the rupee equaling the dollar will come down right. So assume if it improves to 50 rupees for one dollar. Now in this scenario again you are exporting one ton of basmati rice at thousand US dollars. So when you do this for thousand USD you will be getting only 50,000 rupees because the exchange rate is 50 rupees for one dollar. But here the cost of manufacturing the basmati that is the amount which you spend for basmati rice remains the same. It is at 70,000 only. So by spending 70,000 rupees you are only getting 50,000 rupees in return. So you are making a loss here a loss of 20,000 rupees. So all this has happened because of the fluctuations in the exchange rate. So when the dollar invoicing is used the risk associated with exchange rate fluctuations is borne only by the Indian traders and not the US traders. Here I have to quote a statement made by US Treasury Secretary. He said that the dollar is our currency but your headache. So to get away from this headache only now India is planning to move towards rupee invoicing. So I hope you understood Nostra account, Vastra account and rupee invoicing. Now the present scenario is that invoicing in rupee is already legal in terms of regulation 7 one of foreign exchange management deposit regulations 2016. Additionally to give boost to rupee invoicing RBI in a recent circular even allowed cross-border trade in Indian currency. Now under this arrangement RBI lays out the rules which allow the Indian exports and imports to be denominated and invoiced in Indian rupee and they will be using the market-determined bilateral exchange rates. Now how the rupee ruble route will be advantages for us. The first advantage as I already said through rupee invoicing India will help traders overcome currency fluctuations risk. The second advantage is regarding oil imports. See now Russia is facing western sanctions so it is exporting while at a discount. In this scenario if India imports oil from Russia using the rupee ruble route then on one hand it can use the discount easily and second it can also prevent the flight of US dollars from India because we will not be paying in USD we will be paying in rubles. So by this India will have access to cheap oil as well as it will prevent the depreciation of Indian rupee so twin advantages. Along with this there is also an advantage of increasing business opportunities for India. See Russia-Ukraine war has resulted into western sanctions on Russia. So many western countries are closing shop in Russia this has resulted in stagnation like conditions in some parts of Russia and already Russian economy has started contracting by 10 percentage to 15 percentage. So this has resulted into deindustrialization in Russia. There is also a sharp decline in production of steel, wood and automobiles. So when western countries are not willing to do trade with Russia India can fill that gap by way of exports. This will also solve the problem of trade deficit which India is having with Russia. See because of the trade deficit there is surplus in the rupee was through account. So when India starts exporting this surplus will reduce. So these are some of the advantages associated with rupee ruble route and rupee invoicing. Now what are the disadvantages or what are the issues associated with this route? First issue is arriving at a proper exchange rate between rupee and ruble because both the currencies are volatile. Now second issue is it is not sure whether the private players will be willing to participate in the rupee ruble route mechanism and the rupee invoicing mechanism. And finally the third most worrying issue for India will be the western reaction. See when India made a military deal with Russia for S-400 system at that time itself US was concerned about India. But US did not react much because it understood that S-400 missile system will help India to counter China. But right now already India is increasing its oil imports from Russia by bypassing the western sanctions. So if rupee ruble route is also taken by India then this act will be viewed by the western powers especially USA will be viewing this as India's indirect backdoor support to Russia. So they might think India is supporting Russia and is going against western powers and this might turn the western powers against India. So India is also worried about this consequence. So keeping all these consequences in mind India has to take a well calculated risk. So I hope you got an idea about how trade in US dollars is affecting our economy and how the rupee ruble route will be advantageous for us. With these points in mind now let us get to the next discussion. So now let us take up this news article it talks about the proposed amendment to the MMDR Act. So MMDR stands for Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation Act. Now certain amendments have been proposed to this act and it is now opposed by the Kerala government. So in this discussion let us see the proposed amendment and why it is supposed. Actually the main issue highlighted in the proposed amendment is regarding to the sixth item. So actually right now 12 minerals are placed in part b of the first schedule of MMDR Act. These are the 12 minerals just go through it at least read it once so you can see that many of them are strategically important for India. It includes minerals such as rare earth group of minerals etc and according to the present regulation only government companies can obtain a license for mining these minerals. But now what the amendment proposes is out of these 12 listed minerals many minerals have non-atomic applications. So in most cases they are non-atomic uses far outweigh their atomic uses. So they also find applications in the space industry electronics information technology renewable energy and nuclear industry. Therefore through the amendment the central government proposes to remove the first eight elements from the list and then place it in a separate list. Now the auction license of these eight elements can be provided by the central government. This power of the central government to auction will be in concurrent with the state government's right to auction. In addition to this the amendment also proposes to allow private players to participate in the mining of these eight minerals. See before we saw that only government companies can obtain license for mining. But now they are also trying to include private players. So this is what the amendment proposes. So you can understand why it is a post first is because the proposed amendment is against federalism. So you should understand that according to entry 23 of state list in the seventh schedule of the constitution state governments are the owners of the mines and minerals which are located within their territory of the state. So now through this amendment central government is trying to involve itself in the auction. So the critics are arguing that it is against constitution as well as federalism. Another reason for opposition is that the involvement of private players in the mining of sensitive minerals might affect the national security interest. See uranium thorium are important minerals from the national security perspective. So critics argue that if private players are given chance to deal with them then it might be misused. So they are arguing that it should only be done by the government companies. So therefore the opposition is based on two grounds. One is federalism. Second is the national security interest. I hope you got an idea about this amendment. Now let us move on to the next discussion. Now let us take up this snippet article from the business page. It says that ICSA bank has raised its lending rates by 0.15 percentage across all tenors. So under the revised rates the banks one year MCLR has been increased to 7.9 percentage. So what we are going to understand is what is this MCLR. It stands for marginal cost of funds based lending rate. So it is a lending rate. See the RBI sets a fixed internal reference rate for banks. This is the interest rate and this is then used by banks and lending institutions which command the RBI to define the minimum interest rate applicable to different loan types. And this rate is updated by RBI every once in a while when there is a drastic change in country's economic activities. So that means banks are usually not allowed to lend money at a rate below this reference rate called MCLR. So if RBI says the MCLR is 6 percentage then the banks cannot allow to lend money below this 6 percentage. That is why we also say that MCLR is the minimum lending rate below which a bank is not permitted to lend. You should note that this MCLR replace the earlier base rate system which was present to determine the lending rates for commercial banks. This MCLR was implemented in April 2016 to determine rates of interest for loans. And as I said already it is an internal reference rate for banks to determine the interest they can levy on loans. Okay, now you have to understand that here the banks have the liberty to make available all loan categories under a fixed or floating interest rates. But the banks publish MCLR for at least five durations. These five durations are overnight MCLR, one month MCLR, three month MCLR, six month MCLR and one year MCLR. They can also publish MCLR for more durations. But the lending rate cannot be below the MCLR for any loan maturities. You note that there are also other loans which are not linked to MCLR. These loans includes loans against customers deposit, loans to the bank's employees, special loan schemes by the Government of India like Jhandan Yojana, then fixed rate loans which have tenures above three years. All these are not linked to MCLR. Now if this MCLR rate is increased due to certain economic conditions then the effect is passed on to the customers only. Let me take an example here. Assume that RBI is increasing the rapport rate due to inflation. So here the banks will be paying the rapport rate to RBI. So banks will be paying more to RBI. That means then the banks will pass that increase to the customers also. So here the MCLR rate will also be increased by banks. So when this MCLR increases automatically the interest rates for the customers will increase and also their EMI's will also increase. How? See if the MCLR as I said is six percentage and assume that the bank is currently lending at seven percentage. Now if the RBI says the MCLR should be eight percentage then automatically then the banks will also either increase to eight percentage or it will go to nine ten percentage. So automatically here the interest rates are increased and the burden is only to the customers. When interest rates are more then the EMI's which we will be paying will also be more. But this hike is applicable only to floating interest rates and not to the fixed interest rates. Now two effective strategies are suggested to reduce the impact of increase in MCLR. One strategy is to increase the tenor of the loans. The tenor means the duration of the loans so that they can reduce the impact of increased EMI's. And second strategy they can use is they can make a part prepayment of the loan which they have got so that they can bring down the EMI's. Now why this MCLR was brought? See it is to benefit the all levels of customers. When there was a base rate system at that time the banks were only supporting the priority customers. For example if the base rate of the lending was seven percentage then those priority customers were given a rate below seven percentage. But for the ordinary customers the rate would even increase to ten percentage and this was unfair. That is why MCLR was brought into practice so that the banks cannot lend below a particular rate. So in a way the current MCLR aims to bring much needed transparency in the financial institutions while determining the interest rates. And previously when RBI reduced the rapport rate banks took a long time to reflect it in the lending rates for the borrowers. I said right when rapport rate increases banks will also immediately increase the MCLR. But at the same time when the rapport rate is reduced they should do the same with MCLR right but they did not do it. And that is why the MCLR regime was brought in and now the banks must adjust their interest rate as soon as the rapport rate changes. So this MCLR improves the openness in the structure followed by the banks to calculate the interest rate on advances that is on loans. And then it also passes the benefits of reduced interest rates to customers immediately. Along with it it ensures the availability of loans to customers which is both fair to the customers as well as to the lenders. So the main fact that you have to remember is MCLR is a rate below which the banks cannot lend. So with these points in mind we are moving to the next session which is the practice questions discussion session. Now consider this question it is about the Indian national flag. First statement is national flag of India was adopted in its present form on January 26th of 1950. This statement is incorrect. See the current national flag was adopted during the meeting of Constituent Assembly that was held on 22nd July 1947 that is few days before the India's independence. So from then on and even after independence this flag has served as the national flag of India. So first statement is incorrect. Now the second statement as per flag code 2002 the flag should be hoisted only between sunrise and sunset. See this statement would have been right previously but after July 20th of 2022 this has been changed because now the centre has amended this criteria. As of now national flags can be flown both in the day and at night if it is displayed in open or on the house of a member of the public. Earlier it could be hoisted only between sunrise and sunset. Okay there is an additional fact for you here before 2021 machine made flags and polyester flags were not allowed but now it is allowed. Okay so here both the statements are incorrect but if you look here the question asks you to choose the correct statements therefore the correct answer is neither one nor two. Now this next question is also a two statement question it is about MCLR. First statement is it is the rate at which the bank lends loans to the customers and it cannot be changed. This is incorrect because we saw that RBI can change the MCLR. So first statement is incorrect. Second statement loans covered by schemes specially formulated by government of India wherein banks have to charge interest rates as per the scheme are exempted from being linked to MCLR. See this statement is correct. During discussion we saw that schemes of government of India are exempted from being linked to MCLR and the reason is because those schemes have a separate interest rate and as per that only the banks have to charge the interest rates. This is the reason. So here statement two is correct and look at the question it asks you to choose the incorrect statements. So the correct answer is option A1 only. Let me take this next question it is a three statement question about rare earth minerals. First statement the rare earth minerals are present in a very low quantity in earth's crust so they are called rare earth minerals. It states the name is given because of this reason. Actually it is incorrect because rare earth elements are found in relatively high concentrations in the earth's crust but there is an exception which is the Promethium but still they are called rare earth because their extraction is difficult as they coexist with radioactive minerals such as uranium and thorium and due to the difficulty in extraction only they are called rare earth minerals or simply rare earths. So look at the second statement none of the rare earth minerals are radioactive. This is also incorrect. Here you can look at the two periodic tables one is showing rare earth minerals and the other one is showing the radioactive minerals. So you can find that out of these 17 rare earth minerals only Promethium is radioactive. Now come to the third statement they have unique applications due to their unusual fluorescent conductive and magnetic properties. This is correct. See rare earths have wide range of applications due to these properties only and they are mainly used in development of superconductors and development of powerful magnets because of these. So two statements are incorrect and one is correct and here question asks us to choose the correct statements. So the correct answer is option C three only. Now the quiz practice problems question will be displayed for you as a poll along with this video. So after this discussion go to that poll and answer the question. In tomorrow's video the answer will be published. Let us come to the main practice question how the rupee ruble route is operationalized examine the issues associated with it. So first half of the statement is quite direct. You have to mention about the Wastra account and Nostra accounts and how it is operationalized. Now the second half asks you to examine the issues. Here the key word is examine. Examine means you have to investigate it. So by doing that you have to establish the key facts and also the issues. You have to mention why these facts are important and you should mention the implications of such issues. We have actually discussed all these core points in the discussion itself. You have to just provide it in a structured manner. So this brings us to the end of Hindinis analysis dated 2nd of August 2022. If you find this video helpful click the like button. You can also share your experience and suggest improvements in the comment section and also subscribe to our channel to update yourselves with current affairs. I meet you all in the next current affairs session. Thank you.


YouTube team keep it clean What's going on this engraving here with another video and good morning? It's like It's either four or five in the morning right now. I don't even know what time it is right now, but I do know that TJ Ward he signed with the buccaneers TJ Ward the free agent safety who was released By the Denver Broncos yesterday. He is signing with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers he's signing on a one-year deal Worth up to five million dollars. So That just came out. Wow. It's actually people y'all. Yeah, what are y'all doing up so early? What are y'all doing awake so early? I ain't I ain't think anybody was gonna come through on this live stream, but Lo and behold y'all are here y'all are here Appreciate y'all man. Thank you. Um, there was a lot of speculation from a lot of subscribers different ones of different teams different fan bases thought he was gonna join the Steelers and that was That was a pretty good assumption Because he would help upgrade a secondary who just got upgraded with Joe Hayden But he is gonna be joining the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and really quick before we get into the video, which won't be long. Let me introduce myself to me I mean gravy viz. This is my YouTube channel engraving viz and I'm a Ravens fan But we talk about each and everybody on here Including the Tampa Bay bucking is included in the Pittsburgh Steelers including just every single team all 29 other teams We talk about everybody everybody Yes, Anthony, I guess you could call it that I don't even know what I'm doing up right now, but Vestas is pretty pretty But yeah TJ Ward. Oh, yeah, make sure y'all subscribe to the YouTube channel whether you're Bucks fan Whether you're a fan of the other NFC South teams or you just a fan of football period because that's exactly what we talk about on here It's football football football we play some add-in to but we talk about a lot of football on here I mean turn your notifications on so when we go live even at 430 in the morning 430 in the morning Even if we go live at 430 in the morning, you'll get the notification So you can come through if you awake that is And maybe you're excited for the steel array of the matchup this year. I won't get to watch cuz I'll be a boot camp. Oh Really when you get to Hey, if you if you can watch on the stream that'll be cool too, man. Oh, so it's almost 5 a.m. Where you are Okay, we're on the same time frame there. So it's probably about 445 something like that. But yeah, that's the news You haven't seen any updates. Well, you will soon. You will soon so TJ Ward to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers one of your deal with five million dollars So if you haven't seen any updates if I guess you heard it here first and that's a good thing So there you go. Oh, it's 1040 p.m. Where you are. Oh, well, you must be on the other side of the Not even of the country, but on the other side of the world I think the Ravensby Pittsburgh in Baltimore this year Yeah, like like last year too, you know, really the past couple years I feel like they're probably split again Whether they win one in Baltimore. We wanted we win one in Pittsburgh or we both we each win a home game or whatever I think they'll split heard it here first. Appreciate it. You're right. Oh, you're in Hawaii. Okay. Oh Yeah, why is uh It's six hours back. I think What is Hawaii? Yeah, Hawaii is six hours back. That's true. So, yeah, make sense then who do I think Matt Jones is gonna sign with? Ravens could be a possibility Because they all they looking for another running back And he's somebody that's I Want to say established He will he was established, but you know, he's established, but I mean last year They risked and pretty much gave him last year off because they didn't want him they didn't want him They were done with them. They say, you know what we're going.  Yeah, bucks James Winston shout out the famous James. He um He took a leap in that second year, man. I like James Winston, man I like James Winston. So he got Mike Evans. They released Vincent Jackson, but Or they either released him. It didn't resign. I think released but Got Mike Evans base got the Sean Jackson. I like the Sean Jackson So the Sean Jackson somebody that I had always wanted Ravens to pick up When he was released from the Eagles I had wanted Ravens to get him But then he ended up joining the Redskins Then when he didn't resign with Redskins, I still kind of wanted Ravens to get him And then he ended up signing with the Bucks and I don't think Raven showed any interest anyway And they weren't going to pay him no bolo the money. Um, like he got paid um Like he got paid with the Redskins and with The buccaneers so because he was one of those He's one of those high price free agent why I received us But Bucks got the cap room so they made it happen Well to shout out to those guys Bucks are Bucks are looking to shake something up this year. Um, and I think they can I think they can Um, who's that running back? They still have uh What's the little short guy thing? The the hamster What's his name again? What's the Bucks running back game? I mean, what's the Bucks running back thing? Doug Martin, there we go. Doug Martin couldn't think of it. They still got Doug Martin Um, I'm not sure who else is back there. Uh, and they then they draft Austin Howard Then they draft Austin Howard the titan Um from I think university Miami Then they got Mike Evans to Shawn Jackson Who else do they have at Y receiver? I don't even remember. Um, but yeah Bucks They're looking to do something this year and I don't blame them I don't blame them Oh, OJ Howard. There we go. Oh, I said Austin. No, Austin Howard is a guy that the Raven signed Excuse me. That's offensive linemen at the Raven sign. You see you could tell us five in the morning over here now You can really tell because my mind It ain't it ain't functioning right now. So Chris Godwin from Penn State. How is he? But I'm going to bed. I just now got off mad and oh, hi Paul I see you man. I'm actually about to get on Um, I look tired I don't know. I just woke up. I went to sleep around, uh, like 12 12 30 and I I don't know. I went to sleep and I was tired, but I I don't usually go to sleep that early and I know going to sleep at like 12 is not Considered early, but if I go to sleep early if I go to sleep at 11 30 Oh, I'm definitely gonna wake up wait real early in the morning if I go to sleep at 12 I'm probably gonna wake up. Maybe not this early in the morning, but I wake up early Um, I long I've been streaming. It's only been like it's only been seven minutes. It ain't been long. You ain't miss much And the Ravens argue we had the best defense in the NFL, but I don't know about that offense Yeah, we we never do we won't until we see It's that's the scary part about it. We won't know about the offense until we actually see them Scary part They got new packs out for mud guaranteed elites Oh You got a pay phone or can you get them with points? So we'll see but um Anyway, yeah, y'all I just had to let y'all know about that. I just heard about it about 10 12 minutes ago So we had to come through and stream so That's for y'all man, you know, all this is for y'all So let me know if um Yeah, I guess you can come back here once you can confirm the news since I said I know a lot of y'all say you didn't hear you hadn't heard it yet Um, so I'm sure it'll be coming out soon enough Maybe eight this morning nine this morning in a couple hours It'll probably go a little mainstream. I know a lot of people are asleep right now, which is completely understandable completely understandable Uh, Barry said I wish the raiders can have a good front seven like the Ravens Well, Raiders can make some trades with Baltimore and they can upgrade it because they got uh They got something Ray Ray Ravens got a lot of defensive linemen and I'm sure for the right price and or the right player What not they wouldn't mind making a trade for someone. So Raiders you could just make to make the phone call. That's it But anyway, um, I appreciate y'all man. Thank you again for those of you who are just joining us the the bucks The buccaneer signed tj ward that they signed free agent tj ward former Denver Bronco They signed them to a one-year deal With five million dollars one year five million dollar deal. So tj ward is joining Tampa Bay He's joining Tampa Bay. So he's moving from cold Denver, Colorado And he's coming down to florida So I can't blame him for that. I can't be mad at anybody who moves from the cold and comes down to florida That's what I did and I completely agree with him. So anyway As always, I appreciate y'all man. Thank you for coming through I did not expect this many people to come through so early in the morning um And like I said, the bucks is trying to make some noise or 804 taco say tj was my favorite player Well, I guess now you can cheer for the bucks too now Enjoy just room for your boy tj man What's up dizzy punch? Yeah early am man early am Still hoping to Raven sign mango I don't see it happening now um But we'll see you never know If they were to sign main gold Now, I think they wouldn't do it until after week one because I think they were really want to assess the center position And really assess it in real game time And I know of course if if it's bad you don't want to wait until You have to go into an actual a regular season game, but I think they want to really see okay These are guys you see they're gonna be or it's gonna be ryan jensen Um, I don't really think he has much competition behind him, but if ryan jensen is gonna be our guy Uh, we've seen him in preseason, but we haven't seen him for extended periods of time in preseason So let's see how he is in an actual real game I think that's what they're gonna do and if he doesn't pan out like the way that they want him to Or doesn't do decent I think then they get I'm not getting rid of them They bring in that will be the biggest chance of them bringing in the main gold I don't think he'll be brought in before week one. I think he would be after week one. So Anyway, we'll see Uh, what's up sgo Sports gamer So, yeah, we'll see how it goes. We'll see how it goes. Appreciate y'all coming through He said, what do I think about the shine Watson? I love him. I wish that they would give him the starting position, but they're giving it to tom savage which I mean I'm happy for tom savage too because I said it before in past videos that um I always felt like uh, tom savage had just been sitting there waiting waiting waiting waiting waiting and they had never really gave giving him a An opportunity Um, I think when they gave him a chance last year, I think he got hurt or something But last year was like the first small opportunity they gave him But he had just been sitting there with all these bad quarterbacks in front of him and they never gave him a shot He was just sitting there waiting. So I felt like he deserved a shot But then I saw this dude to shine Watson. I saw him playing in preseason I said, oh boy, it still was real deal, man. He looked good. He looked comfortable He looked like he had been playing in the nfl for a couple years. Um, he didn't get rattled in the pocket He just he was Make he was always looking downfield always looking for different receivers looking at different reasons or whatnot He wasn't one of those run first quarterbacks like a lot of black quarterbacks get that label for Um, he looked good. He looked apart. So I was hoping that he would get a shot this year, but I'm I'm not mad at Tom Savage getting this shot. So Yeah, I appreciate that man. Appreciate you coming through me and Keep doing your thing man, because you just been booming you've been booming Especially since we're a little before madden 18 came out. I've seen your channel go from And growing like this to growing straight up For real man, but good stuff man.  Oh, you're talking about branding car. Okay. I see in there Do you think branding car is going to start or should Marlon Humphrey start? I think um, yeah branding car is definitely going to be the starter in the beginning of the season um, if he struggles If he struggles then I don't know because Marlon Humphrey looked good, but We'll see we'll see we'll see I think branding car should be fine though. I think he'll be fine Why didn't the Raven sign Blunt or Charles or Charles was still hurt and um, but he obviously healthy but now And blunt they wanted to sign him. He was somebody. I mean they didn't put no high priority on it But he was somebody that they were interested in So yeah, that's that Um, yeah for one. Yeah, it's a one-year deal One-year deal. Well, excuse me. Well, it's a one-year deal. I needed to go drink some orange juice Yes, a one-year deal tamper bait bucking is Uh, what's your opinion of the Broncos qb situation? I didn't even do a video on that. I meant to I didn't do a video on it and I meant to um So, yeah, maybe should we do that right now? I guess we can do that right now I guess we can do that right now. We can fire up a little quick video about Brock Oswiler Um, so yeah, we'll do that. Um, Raven should have signed Brandon Marshall. I was hoping they would but they didn't So, but it's all good. They'll be fine Bucks just got better. They did they did bucks I like bucks bucks. They uh nice young Not the youngest of the youngest team, but They're not too old So, I mean Mike Evans, he's on a come up. Um, jaymond swinston, of course the shine Watson. I mean the shine jackson already established receiver veteran receiver Can really take the top off the defense Um, even with him quote-unquote losing the step He's still got a lot of speed um, and He can make some stuff happen Sean can he not gonna mouse anybody But if you leave him one on one, he will beat you deep And he will actually destroy you Uh, you put him on the right the right route Um, and he breaks on the corner catches a slant or something Y'all after the catch is gonna be crazy, man I know and and jaymond swinston got the arm for him. Perfect arm for him perfect arm for him Do I think davante freeman is underrated and I would know 50 50 million dollar deal. No You can't you can't be underrated with a with a big deal like that Anyway, appreciate y'all though, man. Thank you and again tj ward to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers one year five million dollar deal Appreciate y'all man. Thank you and I'm going man. I'm out


Question is from Moitz 121. Moitz. I know squats are best for leg development, but if you had to choose between the leg press and the hack squat, which one is better? Oh God, not even close. You know what? Leg press. You know what? I'm just kidding. I tell you what though. Oh God. No, you're not making the case. No, no, no, no. Hear me out. All right, here we go. I want to make this exciting. You know, in the 90s, I'd say 80s, 90s, and maybe early 2000s, the leg press was one of the number one mass building exercises for the lower body for bodybuilders. So bodybuilders would always put leg press near the top. Hack squat was always two or three notches below. And believe it or not, hack squats was considered to be more of a shaping exercise by bodybuilders back in the day. Now I can see where I could argue that, right? One of the benefits of bodybuilding and focus, they're so heavily focused on hypertrophy and the pump that the leg press lends itself well for that reason.     There's not a lot of risk for chasing that failure. It's also the load, right? So I'm talking about a hack squat on a sled, not the hack squat that we'll do with a barbell, right? So when you're doing a hack squat on a sled, think about the amount of weight that you can load on it. Now think about the amount of weight that you can load on a leg press. And both of them are relatively similar. Like a hack squat typically is on a higher angle. So it's gonna be harder to push with a hack squat because a leg press is typically at what, 45 degrees. Hack squat probably closer to, it's definitely not 45 degrees a little higher. But with a leg press still, you can load a ton of weight. And I think it's the fact that you can load that much weight might be why they tended to pick that one as a mass builder. When I lift it- It's a smaller range of motion. That's the other thing though too, right? It seems it's a much shorter range of motion. You're not getting that full- If you go further, it's really detrimental.  If you're trying to get even further into your chest. Yeah, I'm glad you said that. The leg press used to be, people used to think that was a safe, one of the safest leg exercises you could do. That's actually one where I've seen people hurt their back. I've seen people hurt their back bad on those things.    So I, if you were to talk to like our friends like Brett Contreras or Eugene, like, I mean, they would for sure, I mean, they make the case that a hack squat is superior to a barbell back squat many times. So the value of a hack squat, I think is incredible because you get similar benefits as you do with the barbell squat.  So to me, it's not even close to which one is better for overall leg development. I think the hack squat is, although I leg pressed a lot early on. And I actually, the way I leg pressed though, I always single leg leg press. Yeah, now you're a big advocate for that. I am a huge on that for a couple of reasons.   Like I can leg press, single leg press, I can load, I've loaded up to six plates on each side. So imagine if I was doing both legs, you easily can do double. Right, it's not that hard to get up there. But what I love about the single leg is it does force a little instability. So I have to like stabilize my knee so my knee doesn't cave and flex in like that. I don't have to load the plates up as much. I feel like it's a little more comfortable for me to go deeper in my range of motion. It's not rotating your low back so much. Yeah, so I'm a big fan of single leg press. I haven't done both feet on the leg press in a long, long time. It feels like lifting weights in a recliner to me.  I feel like I'll do it for like, building volume and stuff for my legs, but other than that, I can't justify it. It's like a legit. That's what it's good. It's great for that, right? The volume builder, it's a great way to do drop sets. It's a great way to, it's a great tool. Okay, I know we're hammering on it a little bit, but it is a great tool. Out of the leg machines, it's one of the better ones. Right, yeah. You have to say it right. Yeah, yeah, you can make that case. There's not a lot of great leg extensions. It's gonna give you more development than a leg extension. That's for sure. For a leg girl. That's for sure. It's gonna give you a lot more than that or an adductor adductor. I like what you said about the single leg version because when you're doing a single leg version, typically, what's the other leg doing, Adam? Do you have it down, down below you? Yeah, it fits right underneath the machine. So when you're doing that, because one leg is down, it's anchoring your hips nicely and preventing them from doing the rotating up at the top that can cause some leg prop, excuse me, low back issues with the leg press, right? Because that's where the back issues happen is when people are leg pressing both legs, it pushes them down, they get that pelvic tilt at the bottom, and then you get the hurt discs or whatever in the low back. The stress all goes right there. Yeah, yeah, yeah. But I'm telling you, if you read bodybuilding magazines in the 90s and bodybuilders were talking about their favorite mass builders for legs, and I know, because I read them all, leg press. Leg press was always number one. And my original leg routines were leg press, hack squat, leg extension, leg curl was my staple. And that was it. And I do wanna end this or close this loop on this by saying that one of the things that we always talk about on this show that, you know, especially in an argument like this where we can kind of make the case back and forth, which one has more value. You know which one was gonna have the greatest value is the one you never do, right?  The leg press. Yeah. Because you never do it. And the same thing is true if you always leg press. So you gotta remember that the novelty piece with the body is so important when we're trying to adapt and change, when you're trying to get, if you wanna get good at just leg pressing or good at just hack squatting, then you stick with it over and over for as long as you can until you get great at it. But if you're looking for leg development and we're trying to build legs, build our muscle, then one of the best things you can do is do the one that you haven't been doing the most consistent. Yeah, such an excellent point. And then also, I wanna add this, this always cracks me up. Do them both. Why can't you just do them both? You know what I mean? So we do this either or all the time, like, oh, which one's better?  Right, I mean, that's my point.  Yeah, then switch the other one for four to six weeks. You'll get the best of both worlds.


Live from Cambridge, Massachusetts, extracting the signal from the noise, it's the CUBE, covering the MIT Chief Data Officer and Information Quality Symposium. Now your hosts, Dave Vellante and Paul Gillan. We're back, this is the CUBE and we're at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The CUBE is SiliconANGLE's live production of MIT IQ, the Information Quality and Chief Data Officer Symposium. We're pleased to have Laura Hahn here. She's a senior data governance consultant at TD Ameritrade. Laura, welcome to the CUBE, good to have you. Thank you. So we've been talking about the panel that you moderated today. We want to get into that. But before we do, what does a senior data governance consultant at TD Ameritrade do? Well, I actually have a recent update to that. I'm actually the senior manager of Enterprise Data Governance. Congratulations. Thank you. Come to the CUBE, get promoted. That's right. It's causing a fact. So I've assumed a leadership for Enterprise Data Governance at TDA. But I work also with metadata, reference master data, and data quality. And just making sure we're effectively utilizing all those tools. So we're going to end rolling out Enterprise Data Governance. Metadata went mainstream a couple years ago with the whole Snowden reveal. People really didn't think about it outside of our industry. But is there going to be more metadata than data? Some days. When you actually look at the academic definitions and all the different components of metadata, it does become really, really huge. Yeah, absolutely. And I think you have to determine what you're going to go after to make it more manageable. What do you mean? Unpack that a little bit. Well, I think once you start to look at all the different types of metadata that are out there and all the things you could capture and start to document, it becomes really, really big. And you can feel like you're spread thin, a mile wide and an inch deep. And I think we have to start thinking about what parts of what metadata can we capture that's the most valuable to our firm right now to try to start creating that repository of valuable metadata? Because going after everything might not be a great use of your time. So maybe it's critical data elements. Maybe it's just maybe it's lineage and figuring out where the data is. But you can get into a business process metadata, technical metadata. We've had people internally at our firm approach us about several different things and we've had to kind of pick and choose where we're going to devote our resources first. One of the themes that we've been exploring at this event and the Cube and certainly in previous years is the balance between data as an asset and data as a liability. Where do you spend your time? Financial services, you could be targeting customers, you could be dealing with fraud, you could be looking at new ways to get competitive advantage, you could be protecting your corporation. How do you sort of slice that pot? I'd say I'm definitely on the data as an asset side and making sure we're getting all of the value out of it. I think there's so much more to do in that space. Certainly there's steps that we have to take to protect our data so that we're not exposed to certain amounts of risk. But I think that the benefits far outweigh the liability side. We just have to be responsible citizens with our data. So definitely focused on the value. So your panel earlier today, maybe talk about that. It was sort of the pulse of the CDO, right? It was and creating actionable knowledge which is in my view is really the win of the CDO office is if you can take all of that raw data and convert it into something actionable and serving that back to the business and getting results. So we had a few different topics. We spent a little bit more time on data governance than I expected, which is near and dear to my heart. But it seems that different companies are figuring out what it means in their firms or their companies to own data. What does that accountability structure look like? Who's the decision maker? How do you identify them? How do you acclimate them to that role? And there's a lot of different strategies, but ultimately I think we discussed that the CDO does a lot of influencing, a lot of communicating, a lot of educating to get the rest of the company to understand the part they play in being an owner and a steward. And one of the issues that came up is who owns the data. And in the case of a medical, a healthcare company, the panelist strongly believes that the customer owns the data. On the other hand, a retail company might not be so inclined because there are things that they want to do with the data. How do we resolve this issue? Is this an industry by industry issue that needs to be addressed? I would suspect I'm a big proponent of paying attention to culture and organizational change management. So I really think it could be a company by company difference. I think you have to figure out who the influencers and key decision makers are in your organization, along whatever lines they fall. And leveraging that existing culture to get the most effective decision making. And it may end up being similar across an industry, but I think trying to go against your organization's culture is ultimately going to make it very hard to identify ownership. But don't all organizations now need to be data and analytics oriented. I mean, can you really be competitive if you don't do that? No, I mean, I absolutely think you have to. But I think you also find some surprising allies. And those are the people to align with. There will be people who get it immediately and they are raising their hand and they're signing up to be accountable. They want to be accountable because they see the value. And I think even if it maybe isn't the model you originally wanted to deploy, I think you have to bring those allies in and work with them and find those opportunistic things that you can work on with them. So in that case, isn't the CDO more of an evangelist than a practitioner? That'd be a great way to put it, yeah. But that's not the case in all areas. You see that the CDO in what you're seeing is becoming a very diverse set of skills. For a CDO to have? That depending on the company, the CDO role maybe can play it completely different. Yeah, and it's interesting is one of the questions I asked today was for a next generation of talent aspiring to be a CDO, what are the skills you need to have? And speaking with a gentleman about people coming from the business into that role, people coming from IT into that role, and I think it is such a diverse set of skills. And I have a finance and accounting background and I think we need to be open minded and really look at the leadership qualities. Because ultimately I think that's what they spend the most time on is influencing that senior leader peer group. So CDO is evangelist, let's key on that for a second. So, and I know there's a diverse set of examples, but let's just take that one example. If in fact he or she is the evangelist of the organization and their job essentially is to create awareness and catalyze action and they succeed, they're pretty much out of a job, right? Is that fair or what do you see that? That role long term going. Well, I would place my bet on change. The changing economy, a changing industry or a changing leaders move on too. The peer group changes over. So I really think the job will never be done. I think there's always competing priorities and I don't see it ever going away that you have to continue to advocate for it, lest it get trumped by something else. Well, you hosted a panel and there was no agreement on this. Yeah, I was about what the future of the CDO role and I think we had trouble even defining what the present state of the CDO role is. And that goes back to your panel. I sensed some frustration on your panel with CDO not really being able to get to that bigger strategic role, the potential of analytics. A lot of them still down in the weeds dealing with governance issues. Do you sense that same frustration or is that simply part of the job? The frustration that they're not getting to the analytics side? That they're having trouble getting to that next level where they're really providing strategic value to the business. And a lot of what CDOs are doing today is just finding data, normalizing it, fixing quality problems, categorizing, creating metadata, really kind of plumbing stuff. Is that just a natural state of the business right now, given the quality of data that's out there? I think so. I think there's a lot of heavy lifting to do in the data. Something I've seen several times. There's a certain amount of hard work that you have to invest in correcting your data and getting it to a place where it's usable. And there's really, I think there's some people coming up with ways around that or looking at ways to innovate around that. But I think for the most part, most of us just see that there's a lot of hard work that maybe an organization has avoided for a long time. And you're left with no other choice but to just dive in and start doing it. And so if that's the case, then yes, a lot of CDOs are going to be busy with that. Because that's really, it's the foundation of the house on which if you try to build analytics, you're eventually going to have less valuable analytics because you question the quality of the data. I don't want to put you on the spot as far, I don't want you to name names about employers, but you went from, you've been two very different industries. You were a target which is an acknowledged leader in analytics and customer profile. You've gone to a very heavily regulated business now with Ameritrade. What have you found there in any difference culturally to how people look at data? Well, I think one of the dimensions that's definitely different is time and speed. So the industries have a different time component. So retail customers shop every half hour or every hour or they're buying something every day. And so the cycle to deliver insights in retail is extremely fast because a customer can leave very quickly. In something like financial services, that customer has an account with you. And they've probably intended to have that relationship for a while. So the time component and your risk of losing that customer is longer. So that's the main thing I've seen is that the pressure that we as data management professionals are under to deliver that information, the cycle time is definitely different. How does that affect the way you use data? Target is obviously offers coupons, promotions, the timing is very important. Ameritrade, you're not under that same kind of pressure, but they still use data strategically, don't they? Yes, we definitely do, but I would say, in terms of something like data quality. And figuring out what your data quality capability needs to be, you would adjust that depending on what that demand is for data to be accurate. So in one scenario, I would be getting phone calls at six in the morning. Because the reports from the prior day were off. It was that fast. Whereas in a slow removing environment, I think that demand for data quality, there's more tolerance and it can take a little bit longer before the business is really demanding something like a data quality fix. So just, there's a little bit different priorities. Well, and there's a lot of obviously real time aspects of financial services, particularly in trading. But when we talk about real time, we define real time as before you lose the customer, and so in retail, that's a good way. But in retail, you're giving me an incentive to come into the store and buy something. If you do that in trading, it's illegal, you're going to jail, right? Right, but at the same time, every customer interaction in retail is a new transaction, it's a whole and complete order in financial services. They have an account and it's a sub-transaction of that account. So you may not lose the relationship on the basis of one trade. Now, you don't want that to be sustained over time. You want to shore that up, but on the retail side, that customer may never come back again. They don't have a standing account with assets in it. Every sale is an opportunity to win or lose them. So they're both valid, they're just different cycles. Your financial background, is that the perfect fit for the role you're in? Are there things that you wished you'd studied or brought in from people out there that are interested in this type of role? That's a great question. One thing I appreciate about it is that I understand a P&L. And it would be my wish for everyone in an organization to have a great understanding of a P&L and what it takes to manage that. Because it really helps me understand what the business cares about. Because they're probably held accountable to some financial number. And I can better align what we're doing in data management to those goals. Something I wish I had was more of the technical skills. I've had to learn by osmosis and just jumping in a lot of the technical terminology and being on different IT projects. I've had to pick that up along the way. So that's something I definitely wish I had more of. So that's more parlance really, exposure to technologies and what people mean by, there's a gazillion. I wish I had more exposure to that too when I've been at this almost 30 years. So what about statistical capabilities? I think, yes, now I would say so. So there's more of a, I mean, we always say, what's the perfect mix of for data science, it's math, it's programming, statistics, data hacking. I would think that the more stats the easier it is to communicate with a lot of the folks that are in the organization. Absolutely, and I think it depends, if I were giving someone advice, it would depend on what level they were at in the organization and where they aspire to be. I would say you get to a point where as long as you can interpret the statistics. So there's a difference between producing the statistics and interpreting them and telling the story of them. So I think someone would need to take a look at where they're at and where they want to get to. For me, I'm at a point where I'm really working on interpreting and telling the story. But you want to make sure you can also build a team around you then that can produce and actually work with the math. There's a lot of talk about this concept of the citizen data scientist. One of the failings of the business intelligence initiatives over the last decade or so has been the inability to put those insights into the hands of business users fast enough. You have to go through a big process and it's complicated, it takes forever. So we've been talking about citizen data science now. Does that scare you as a governance professional or is that an attractive proposition? And when you say citizen, do you mean does that anyone can do it? You know, business users and folks that are not trained necessarily in data science, but are everyday salespeople, marketing people, you know. Yeah, I think, honestly, it scares me a little. And it probably comes from my experience managing KPI reporting. Because it becomes, if not managed well over time, you can end up with multiple versions of the story about your company's performance. And that's eventually going to have to be rationalized so that everybody's on the same page. Making sure if someone's saying business is up, you don't have another person saying business is down. Because that affects your decision making. So I think it has to be managed a little bit and not you can't let it get too out of control. Otherwise, you will eventually start seeing various tentacles of decision making that don't always align. And then you're going to have to do the hard work of aligning them again. My governance is important. You were a speaker last year at this conference on a topic related to privacy. What aspect of privacy do you address specifically? I was talking about, it was big data and privacy. And the element I wanted to add was the human behavior element. And it was based on some experience I had with web and browse data and working with Hadoop environments. And kind of going back to your citizen data science, we had a lot of people who were really interested in data. And we're starting to move it around. And I think you have to be careful. Because the opportunities to leak data are, you always think it will never be you. I'm not in that type of a role. It'll never happen to me. But a surprising number of teams I think are in that position to maybe share data where they need to be more careful about sharing data. To where I think we need more education and we need stronger stewardship out there amongst those groups. So that people are more aware when they're asked to share data that they know the right procedures. And it's that tug where we've been talking about in terms of access versus security. People want the data, they want access, they want to bring together pieces of data or maybe work with a third party. But we've got to think through, and notice I'm not saying no. It's not that we can never share data with third party. But we have to be a lot more thoughtful. And I'm not speaking about any company in particular. But you think it's not going to happen to you? But then you're asked. And you have to know when to stop and think and know who to call and make sure it's okay. I don't want to put you on the spot. But you were a target during a very important event related to article in the New York Times regarding target's use of data to target promotions to an expected mother whose family didn't know she was expecting. That was, many people, including me, thought that reflected very well on target. Just technically what they were able to do. But certainly there is also a countervailing privacy issue there. What have we learned from that incident? Or was there anything, you're looking back at that incident, what changed? Or how did your own perspectives on privacy perhaps were affected by that? Right, it's a great question. I think it was the first time it became more widely acknowledged that personalization was happening. I know I had several conversations with friends and family about the fact that personalization has been happening for a while. And that as long as it's within our personal guardrails, we accept it and we leverage it and we use it. But once it crossed a line, I think we all realized that there's a point of taking it to a level where it can make people uncomfortable. And so, I think there's, I've seen studies quoted since then on how many points of personalization are acceptable to a consumer and beyond that it does start to feel uncomfortable. And so companies, I think, are more mindful of how personal to get. But how do you determine those guardrails? I mean, isn't that unique to the individual? I think it can be. But I'm sure they do focus groups and things like that. And it's interesting. I'd love to continue to watch it because there's also been a lot published recently on choice. And when consumers ultimately have too much choice or too much noise, it becomes difficult to find things, especially in the retail space. You have to make it easy for them. So you're trying to balance making it easy with still letting the consumer have choice. And so that, it's tough. It'll be interesting to see how companies answer that as they get more and more customer information. I think it's Malcolm Gladwell that said, he goes to the supermarket and there are 50 different kinds of salad dressing on the shelves. His reaction is not to buy salad dressing. I know the feeling. You'll stand there sometimes and just walk away. I have four-year-old kids. I've learned that you don't give them three items on their plate because they can't process that, even two at most. Right. And the studies say things like when there's too much choice, people are actually unhappier. The fewer choices, the happier they are because they're more satisfied. So how does that play into the role of the CDO? Because the natural tendency of the business side is to give people, test a lot of things, give people a lot of choice. But maybe the data officer should be responsible for advocating for the customer. No, you're going to have exactly the opposite effect. Yeah, well, I think it's ultimately the responsibility of if it's the people deciding on the products or the people deciding on the user experience of the website or it's really up to the business, I believe. But those might be some questions that a CDO asks just to maybe pressure test the ideas and figure out, do we really need this data or that data? But ultimately, the CDO's job is to connect the data supply to the data demand and it's up to the business. How do you avoid being in that position of saying no? Which I think was a brush that a lot of CIOs were tarred with. They were not enabling the business. They were too busy guarding things to enable the business. How do you avoid getting into that same vicious cycle as a CDO? Well, that's a great question. Impossible question to answer. I know I've been in that position of saying no when people ask for data. And I think you have to follow it up with, I call them seek to understand conversations, seek to understand what they're really asking for. What are they trying to do? I've had a lot of those. People would come to me and say, I need this data, and I'd say, well, especially when I was doing more reporting in BI and they would just ask me for the data, a lot of it was just educating them and making them aware of other tools I can give you more than just raw data. Maybe all you really need is one metric and you don't need the raw data. So let's talk about that. Let's talk about how we get you the metric or the trend line you're interested in. And then you're not necessarily pulling raw data out and putting it out there. So I think it's seeking to understand what are they really trying to do. And then sharing more with them about how you can help them with that problem instead of saying no to the initial request. So go ahead, Dave. Well, follow up, please. I mean, so you're really talking at the level of the business then. You have to be smart about what the business, how the business operates. And you have to be seen as an ally on the business side. Right, and that's where, for example, for me, that financial acumen has been so helpful. So if I understand someone's trying to manage a shipping expense line on the P&L, I know exactly what they're trying to do. And I can maybe already guess what they're trying to do. Or if they're trying to manage net new assets or something like that, I know where they're going. So let's talk about where they're going. Well, so that ties into the concept of the citizen data scientist. So a business user might just want that killer chart, the trend line. And so if you can give her or him visualization tools on a corpus of data and allow them to create charts easily and mix and match things and train them a little bit on how to do that, that is going to more than suffice oftentimes. Right, right, and it depends on how an organization is set up. Some organizations have centralized business intelligence functions, some have federated. And so it's about having the right, I think, really good relationships with whoever those people are and understanding their capabilities and when they want to roam free and work on their own. And when maybe they're getting into something that's beyond their expertise and they need more of that, that COE help because they're now pursuing something a little more sophisticated and just providing them whatever help aligns with what they're trying to do. COE Center of Excellence, is that right? Yes. You're making a bit of a career out of data governance. Where does that career lead? For anyone in data governance or for me? Well, no, for any, I'm asking you to be general. I want a job, I think you're great in the queue, but we'd love to have it. That's great to hear. At the panel I just did, this is one of the issues that came up, is where does the CDO job lead to? Is this a CEO track or is it a dead end?  Well, my personal opinion, I think data governance, one of the things I love about data management, I would say data governance leads into data management, provided you can have sufficient experience with both the business and the technical components. I love it because I get to see all the components of the business. I get to see the P&L Alliance, I get to see the revenue side, the expense side, operations, sales, HR and payroll. I mean, you can learn so much because you have to understand all the data, you have to understand all the parts of your company. And so I think there's great opportunity to focus on one of those that you find that you really enjoy and move into that. I don't know that I would say a CDO is a straight to CEO move, unless that CDO had spent some time in a couple of other pyramids within the firm. But it certainly could lead to a strategy role too. I mean, what you just described is a perfect strength in the chief strategy officer is making a comeback with all these disruptions that are going on. So it used to be strategy. If you had strategy in your title, you were dead. Right. But now strategy can create Ubers and Airbnb. Yeah, exactly. Awesome. So in your new role, what kind of things do you want to get accomplished in the next 12 months? What are your objectives? Well, data governance takes time to implement. And I'd say we're still in the nascent stages. So we're in the mode of educating and doing initial pilots on different things and really demonstrating the capabilities and building on some initial momentum to work towards that tipping point where data governance is pretty widely accepted. So we're firing on all cylinders, but trying to really hone in the projects we work on with current strategic priorities set by the CEO and by our leadership. So what kind of outcomes do you look for when you're doing these pilot projects? What kind of outcomes do you aim for, sort of the short-term proof concept or the longer term? I'd say there's shorter term proof of the concept. Although we want them to align with longer term goals. So for us in TD Ameritrade, obviously we're in a regulatory environment. So we have a couple of things that we're working on there to support the compliance team with some things that they're interested in. But we also have a large operations function because we clear trades and we have a big, very well-oiled operations machine and their bread and butter is efficiency. So we think there's some ways we can look into the data and help them save time, save manual effort. So those are definitely two and then I think everybody's always focused on the client experience and looking at ways we can support a clean and positive client experience and teams are focused on that. So those are probably the big three that we have to leave it there. Laura Hunt, thanks very much for coming to theCUBE. Congratulations on the new role and really appreciate your insights. Thank you so much. It's good to be here. All right, keep it right there, everybody. Paul and I will be back with our next guest and to wrap day two, MIT Information Quality Symposium. We're back.


Everybody forced here up in 2022 NT collegiate football hobby four box case number three random team style You can always find these results at latent sports cards calm and there's a Lincoln chat for them as well Good luck everybody. Let's get started. Let's see more patches more big patches. It's been a lot of fun The bull patches been cool. We've seen like an orange bull patch a chick label. The thing was insane Some of the cool logo patches as well. We saw the Georgia we saw Notre Dame lots of fun stuff in here All right, thank you guys more of these NT collegiate breaks tonight with Sam He's got baseball and basketball as well Prison maybe a choice was fire earlier. He's got some breaks of that It was hit big. All right starting off with a Charles Woodson. He's a raider 11 of 99 Raiders Charles Woodson Jersey Auto Jets sauce gardener 56 of 75 Does anyone call him a mod gardener or does everyone just say sauce? Sauce is just too clean like It's too cool my sauce. We got a Jersey Auto Cardinals Trey McBride 50 of 99 Silhouette signatures These are always cool team logo signatures Kyron Williams Rams 12 of 49 nice one Rams a Team dual materials Justin Ross and T Higgins that's chiefs and bangles 24 of 25 Let's see probably at the end Logan s has the chiefs and the bangles of Zach are that is a random at the end Nice three-color Clemson patch there Actually nice to color jumbo patch three of ten Aiden Hutchinson Lions what did I say?  There we go and Steelers with a team logo signatures George Pickens 13 out of 49 Nice Pickens Why is outcast stuffing my head It's like yeah, is he is he like is he like the Bailey zappy of the Steelers The value is like okay. Wow Standard like RPA 49 and not we're selling for like four and five hundred dollars. Yeah, that's what I'm saying That's that's great. I mean good. Hey good for that. It's a big car that bigger than I thought It's three books. There's three books in here.  That's what happens when you grow up that time period Jumbo Jersey, Micah Parsons 49 of 99 looks like to read. Yeah, it's the most reading I do is on these cards Micah Parsons Cowboys, I don't know if I said that Auto Devontae Wyatt, I believe he's a packer 90 of 99 Georgia and Bama are all over this product. Good. That's great. I mean Georgia was pretty nasty last year to say the least Yeah packers on the Devontae Wyatt Spartans 70 of 75 Kenneth Walker the third rookie dual relic auto book See Hawks. He's gonna get he's gonna get the carries now guys or he should Surprise he'd be available, honestly Hey, oh look at this hatch auto Jared stittum 3 of 39 Jared said is that from this year? That is from 2022 NT collegiate Did he end up anywhere else 2019 Patriot draft class legend, let's see. I think he's with the Raiders Follow McDonald's I guess He's the backup Is yeah, he's the Raiders backup nice stittum. He's like the direct backup to car There you go. That's pretty decent hit there for your radius. I didn't know he was the backup, honestly Daniels boy Chiefs auto George Carl Aptis 44 of 75 Carl Aptis he I think he's pretty high up there and all it's for defensive rookie of the year What the heck is going on today? I Don't know what's going on today anymore What is this? Yeah, you guys can see the logo. You know who it is Trust me who's Adam Jacob the Steelers This is Laundry tag rookie auto book Kenny two gloves pick it four out of five This is getting insane. I don't even I'm a picket magnet right now. I Am a picket magnet. This is this is ridiculous perfectly centered laundry tag to Get the swoosh on it. This isn't this ridiculous Picket magnet 599 Derek Stingley, Jr. Texans Jersey auto book I Was saying earlier though LSE we're on a hot streak in the past like week or so Lane I would say that LSE is on a massive hot streak the past week or so How does he have to follow me around when I break now pulling rotten jackies and just gold Maradona's Berry 17 of 39 lions he's on the thumbnail with Kenny actually notable nicknames diesel auto Cave on tip-a-doh. I didn't know he was diesel. I thought that was Shaq 28 of 49. They go giants Diesel oh my god. Oh My god We can't be stopped 10 of 10 Jersey number patch auto Justin Herbert Chargers Gotta fan myself the NT box. It's too hot in here.  I love the bright yellow and the green on the Herbie Just get a bucket of water ready. We'll get it.  Yeah, bookend and Jersey number Giants Cadarius Tony with the Thibodeaux as well solid box with the Giants. I know he's diesel I'm only calling diesel from now on Lamar Jackson Ravens 54 99 on the Jersey Jets Zach Wilson Jersey card 3 of 25 Some of those by the way, you guys are in a water park with that like bucket that dumps all the water I like the kids area. It's kind of dangerous. That's a lot of water Falling on someone's head and neck area We got an RPA for the Saints Chris Olave 61 out of 99 Was the leader for a Odds leader for a rookie of the year off its rookie of the year until he got the concussion Something tells me pick it might take over anyway Straight the other a few good games nice Olave. We'll mag that for the Saints on the collegiate RPA and A CJ Stroud Redemption silhouette signatures blue.  I'm breaking cameras. I'm knocking things over. This is this is crazy. That is a random to all at the end CJ Stroud potential first quarterback taken in 2023 Random at the end and I guess what the heck dude or we can wait like eight months and see where Shit about a ton of redemptions on the draft day. All right Last box Travis Kelsie 62 of 99. You think there's any spots available for tonight. These breaks there. There's no there's no chance Travis Kelsie for touchdown Travis Kelsie RPA Tyler Goodson 18 of 99 Tyler Goodson I always forget guys like him for some reason Packers Tyler Goodson on the RPA Really nice team logo auto here for the Cardinals is Tremac bride. I like the gold trim on the Colorado State Guard looks good Tremac bride Cardinals a Kyron Williams RPA 5 of 39 for the Rams Nice one there Team dual materials Jameson Williams Lyons John matching the third Texans. I imagine that's random Check it before we do it Texans and who Texans and Lyons random at the end you another oh the boasts of brothers Joey and Nick Two of ten dual patch. That's pretty neat chargers and Niners Thomas be Niners Chargers Tim V random that at the end to the boasts of brothers. I'm sure they have I might have it in here, too Got a team slogan signatures Breeze Hall 17 of 49 nice hit for the Jets go cyclones and RPA blue 24 49 Lyons Jameson Williams Awesome hit Lyons right there Let's do these randoms And then we'll recap pulling Fire Got the vets of all we pulled burrow and Herbert Jersey autos today now in three cases. That's kind of that's kind of crazy It seems like I Don't have words anymore guys All I got to say is grab your break spots for tonight Chiefs bangles on that one No, the chance of that straw Gary. Oh, yeah, that's that's that's the biggest random of them all right here That's huge Everyone's got a chance at the Stroud Who knows maybe that ends up being the biggest card out of this break. You never know a man got like Stroud Cool to see the NIL guys in here Chargers All right, so we've got a chiefs and bangles dual relic Justin Ross T. Higgins He's rolling randoms by the way Lyons Texans James Williams John Metsy dual relic got the boats of brothers chargers Niners two of ten dual relic and then random to all CJ Stroud silhouette signatures blue. That'll be a that'll be a relic auto actually That's big stuff right there. That's gotta be the the the Strouds and like them But those collegiate quarterback, so let's give you the biggest card so far You were Stroud and I'm missing a guy That's who it is Good luck on the randoms a seven three and four Clemson dual right here seven times one two three four five six and seven chiefs up top This is the Bama dual relic one two three four five six seven Texans the bosa's one two three four five six and seven Niners up top and for the Stroud good luck one two three four five six and Seven it's going to Steve see you go Steve. Let's do a recap our relics. We had jet Zach Wilson Lamar Jackson for the Ravens Micah Parsons Cowboys nice patch Hutchinson Lions Jersey auto breeze haul Jets traffic-bride Cardinals auto God diesel auto cave on thibbidoe Giants Carlactus for the chiefs on the auto Devonte Wyatt Packers on the auto We got Kyron Williams Rams Auto to 49 RPA Lions Davidson Williams 24 49 for the Lions Kyron Williams Rams RPA to 39 Goodson Packers RPA to 99 Jersey Auto Kaderis 20 Giants 75 patch auto Jared Siddham Raiders to 39 Jersey auto traffic-bride to 99 Cardinals Jersey auto sauce gardener for the Jets Books we had Derek Stingley Texans to 99 and Kenneth Walker the third Seahawks to 75. Those are relic auto books there Stroud redemption congrats to Steve C on that in the random to all big card The pickings to 49 auto Steelers Chris Olava RPA to 99 for the Saints Sugar Bowl patch RPA 8 of 10 Brian Robinson jr. Commanders 10 of 10 patch auto Justin Herbert Congrats Chargers and Laundry tag rookie auto book Kenny Pickett four of five Four of five for the Steelers crazy congrats again everybody on the heads. Thanks again. We are moving on to case four


Here's the name to just keep an eye on, and this would be a very sexy and explosive move if the Yankees could ever pull it off. Josh Hader's name is out there, the flame-throwing reliever from the Milwaukee Brewers, and you would think, why would you want to trade a 25-year-old perennial all-star, a guy who just goes out there and has a five-to-one strike-out-to-walk ratio? Well, the Brewers farm system is barren, and there is a thought that they could strike right now, not have to pay him the arbitration number. He's probably gonna get this year at around $5 million and be able to replenish. But this guy won't be a free agent until 2024, so if there's any team that is interested in him and the Yankees have been poking around, you're going to have to pay dearly to get him. But man, what an addition to the Yankees' already-strong bullpen he would be.