Okay, well, by my clock on the computer is showing 730 exactly. So we'll go ahead and call the meeting to order and Holly, if you would like to call the role, please. Yes, director Ferris. No, director Ferris. Oh, he's not here. Director Falls. Here. Director Henry. Director Moran. Present. Director Swan. Here. Did we know if Lou is having any issues or is he? I guess I'll get here when he gets there. Okay. Let's let me ask, are there any additions or deletions to the closed session agenda, Rick? I have none and I don't believe this council have any. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. Then from me, thank you. Okay, thank you. So now we'll open the meeting for any comments. Regarding the closed session. So do we have any. Do we have any oral communications? Any comments from the public. Doesn't look like we have any public. Okay. Oh, that's fine. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Okay. So in that case, we will adjourn to the closed session. So if the directors will please. Join the link for the closed session. We'll huddle up in just a few minutes. And we have to one. Be sure to. Leave the zoom meeting. Don't just leave it. You know, running on a. On a screen in the background. And did you send us a link to the, the new site? Yes. I sent it again just a few minutes ago. It came. It's a. Let's see. Comes from the calendar. I can do that again. Okay. Thank you. So I have to leave this meeting, join another one. And you had the link. It'll take me a while. Okay. So we're back in the open session. Okay. There is nothing to report. Out of closed session. Or any additions or deletions to the open session. Agenda. I have none. Okay. So at this time, we have. Well, communication. So. Anybody in the public who's joined. Okay. So we're back in the open session. Okay. There is nothing to report. Out of closed session. Any additions or deletions to the open session. Agenda. I have none. So the public who's joined the meeting that has anything they would like to comment on that is not addressed in the open session agenda. May do so at this time. So let's see. The attendees. It looks like there's anyone have anything they wish to comment on. At this time. So. So. Returning back to the agenda. The agenda. Rick, it's item nine unfinished business. I'll leave it to you. Okay. Thank you, chair. So on nine nine a is the CZU wildfire damage assessment report. You should have received. The damage assessment report. This was. Completed by Sandias. The engineering firm that's assisting the district. And. And. In. Repairs. As a result of. The fire. Progress is moving. We're moving right along. With the water treatment plant, lion tank areas in the form and diversion and pipeline. As you can see in the report that onto their onsite. We had a cleanup crew. On site. To pump out and clean the lion tank. To clean the tank. We accessed inside the tank and had to put scaffolding into. To pressure wash. And to collect samples. Inside the tank. I. I can refer to James every received samples back. From after the cleaning of that. I'm not sure we've actually got results of the samples yet. No samples have been received back yet on the. Test on. The. You know, Which lion tank is our largest tank up at the treatment facility. The cleanup went well, you know, from the. From a visual, it appeared that we were a successful cleaning. But until we actually. Get results back. On VOCs. We do not know. The little lion is unsuccessful to clean. The. The brief on the burning. Our personal cleaning. Is embedded into the coatings, into the rafters. So that'll take a sand blasting and recoding. Sandias. We're putting together as we speak. Formal specifications in a bid package. To go out for a quick. Formal bidding to turn that around. Now, if we can put laying back. That takes a lot of pressure off on getting a little lion back on. bitting and make sure we reach out and get some some good pricing. Lewis and Tibbets is the construction crew that's up on site that's replacing the 10 and 12 inch main lines that we had 10 and 12 inch above ground htpe pipe connecting those three reservoirs together that melted in the fire that caused a lot of this paintings or this coatings damage they're in the process now once the trees were removed the hazardous and dangerous trees were in the process of installing in the ground 10 and 12 inch ductile iron main so that's quite a change that poem walk was up there not only we changed pipe material but we are burying it to AWWA standards so things are going good there's still a lot of work to be done up there there's still additional hazardous trees and chipping and some large down trees that were that were fell by the contractor that need to be removed but we're working on on pricing on that as we move forward the form into version line has been for now we'll call it temporary replaced with htpe it's imperative that we try to get the lion water treatment plant back online we need to get water running through that plant before we started having you know chemical feed lines clog and and and do a a lot of damage to the the treatment facility just by sitting treatment facilities do not like to sit they like to have water moving through the filter media and all the chemical feed the contractor has installed the pipe bench has went back in right behind the pipe bench and trenched you'll see some of the pictures in the sand disc report the all the pipe has been put in the ground and has been backfilled it's tied in at the treatment plant and it's very closely to being tied in at the at the intake so we're moving on that getting close to being able to bring water to the treatment plant however there will be some issues with debris flows and turbidity with rainfall so we're not yet sure of when we'll be bringing the first water into the tank did I leave anything out James for that we're that we're working on construction well just go back to your pipeline that Lewis and Tibbets is working on between big lion and little lion and big steel and big steel booster that has all been it is installed and it is to the connection points as of now they're getting ready to chlorinate and disinfect those lines and get those ready to put back in the service obviously we will not be able to put little lion back in the service but we can't put big lion back in the service as soon as we get testing back and then we will go through the state and make sure everything's all proof correct and what we also have the over the overflow line has to be replaced on lion because we're not successful on cleaning that overflow pipe so that is some tank piping that has to be replaced if I'm am I correct right on that so with that that kind of concludes so where we're at on repairs at this time we're also in the process of reaching out to our environmental consultants and engineering consultants and starting to talk about a report on the raw water pipelines to do an analysis of what would be best the way to replace that pipe whether it's and the type of construction we're getting information back from on our environmental people and on engineering people on that so that and that will be coming to the board there'll be a great deal of discussion regarding replacement of those above ground and hdpe lines that that we lost during the fire so with that I'll turn it back over to the board for questions okay do we have any questions or comments from the board yeah thanks rick for that update with respect to the pipe that's going in underground to a wwa standard does that mean that if god forbid another fire were to go through there that those pipes wouldn't be cooked and create vocs that they're far enough in the ground that that would not happen you know that is correct they're like they have close to three foot of cover on top of them I would say yes if that it should not be it should not or will not will not will not I never say never bob you know I I I can never say never that you know trees may not come down and you know damage the pipe on hillsides or whatever but fire should not impact that pipe and is that is that deeper than and what the pipes and paradise were I'm not sure I I am not sure of the depth on and and paradise pipes the ones that had the steam intrusion were hdpe as well that was the issue it wasn't it wasn't the fact that the pipes heated up too much it was a steam that went into the plastic pipes and the vocs stick to the plastic pipes and that's how they got contaminated it wasn't from heat up of the main lines in the road I as long as the awwa has updated if they have any of their specs based on fire experience that's yeah I haven't looked at that specifically but I know we that pipe has been installed with restraints and in depth and material to awwa specs um and you know we we went you know that was our major major facility we lost over 50 percent well over 50 percent of our storage and that's unacceptable we can't put back pipe that's going to be impacted by fire it had to be hardened we went right in we didn't put temporary pipe in the bow ground we went right back in and the stall you know ducto buried um yes it's a little more uh expense but it had to be done it it's just too valuable of a location for us not to the heart no I I agree I think that that's fine I just wanted to make sure that their standards basically were that if it's that deep no fire is going to affect it thank you right and that intake line is what was put in an hdpe which is the raw water line all the other lines are being put in a ductal steel and still being buried right great thank you director moran you have a question or yes um so the hazardous material that's being removed whether from inside the tanks or from various sort of pieces of material that we own or have what is being done with that and is it being transported off site how is the hazardous material being taken care of great question James yeah so that is all being pressure washed and that is being pumped out of the tanks and that is being filtered through carbon filters and the discharge of that water is tested and it it is all clean water that's being discharged out into the drain systems now on the piping and everything we have taken that piled it all up because we have to keep it for FEMA inspection and so none of that has been removed from site that will be removed from site after we get FEMA inspection and okay and to clear that the projects are good and those will be hauled to a hazmat facility at that point form in form in radio room James your procedures there are the form in room the form in radio room we are going with a company named ecgr and they're a hazmat company i do believe that's a name of them it's something it's some kind of acronym um but they are coming in it's costing us $15,000 it was a battery room and a testing room and so in order to hazmat and mitigate that they have to clean the pad dismantle the pad and then test underneath the pad for hazmat after the cleanup's done and all of that will be hauled out to a button will facility which is hazmat facility or into Nevada at a hazmat facility okay thank you thank you Lois uh you have a comment or question I I do um I can prove my ignorance um Dr. Ironpipes how are they connected to each other and does that withstand um really hot ground or I mean is it is it just iron fittings or is it soldered or what is it that's a very good question there's there's issues with that especially being above ground James you want to talk about the gaskets yeah so being buried they it's been proven that the gaskets do not melt in a buried situation it has to get to 600 degrees for the gaskets to melt and they're all pushed joints with the gasket on every joint it's about 18 foot joint every time and above ground it would be a problem because a forest fire can get up to 6 to 700 degrees is what we're told by the engineering group that's doing this and so the gasket is a problem above ground but underground they don't they don't believe and it's a A.W.A. standard to put that in the ground nobody knows how much the ground can actually heat up in a really really bad fire so I can't say that it wouldn't be damaged but A.W.A. A.W.A. standard says it won't okay all right just a good question we needed to ask I I don't hardly know what I'm talking about just a concern thank you Lois do we have any other questions or any of the directors if not we'll go to the public do we have any questions or comments from any of the participants on this call Tina you're recognized please here you comment or question there I have two questions first one is the iron pipes will they face any rust issues no they're lined on the inside and on the outside they're bagged with a plastic protection wrap okay and then the other thing was um what are the what what do you foresee as issues with like an earthquake with these harder pipes versus like before the pipes were more flexible and so now yeah so what are the the issues you foresee if we have earthquakes the only thing I can tell you on the answer to that I was here in the 89 earthquake and our large ductile iron pipe flexed they're only they're 18 foot joints and they do have some movement to them and it is a very heavy strong pipe we had I don't believe any leaks on the ductile iron pipe joints in the 89 earthquake the galvanized pipe we had a lot of leaks but the ductile pipe came through the earthquake with hardly any issues whatsoever I mean ductile iron pipe is probably the best product on the market and it's probably the most expensive for your basic water system and each joint has five degrees of deflection in each direction before we'll snap or break a joint thank you guys thank you jeana any other questions or comments from the public and I don't see any rick we'll move on to oh sorry holly you got a question no not exactly I saw that no one else did so I just wanted to say we did not take roll when we reconvened the meeting so if it's all right with you I'd like to do that now sure we've finished there's no more comments from the attendees so go right ahead holly director ferris here director falls here director henry here director moran unmuted president and and president swan okay thank you and I just wanted to note that um all of the people were present when we did reconvene at 6 34 is that what you were going to say jeana that was yes in fact uh when we being to open the session okay thanks for keeping us honest rick back to unfinished moving right along the 9b it's going to be an update on the cz u wildfire water quality update we've been talking about this for some time since the fire due to the lightning complex fire that started back on 816 2020 the high density polyethylene lines that we've been talking about that were in direct line of the fire were damaged melted that caused depressurization of our water distribution system and immediately after that discovery by the district we contracted contacted our regulatory agency the state water resources control board who recommended issuing a precautionary do not drink do not boil notice to all affected residents in our depressurized area anytime you depressurize a water system you have a potential for contamination in general but given with the fire in the hdp pipe we issued not only a do not drink but a do not boil order in preparation um um a preparation of the fire the district was able to isolate several areas in the distribution system before some of the hdpe mains were destroyed volatile organic compounds boc are a possible contaminant of the depressurization zones due to the melting of the hdpe on september 8 2020 the district learned that benzene was detected in a water sample taken on a creek drive out in the riverside grove neighborhood the sample was taken back on september 4 2020 the part of riverside grove neighborhood where the samples were taken is still to this date under a do not drink do not boil advisory the riverside grove neighborhood was heavily impacted by the lightning complex fire evidence from recent wild fires suggest that benzene contamination is likely to occur when structures are damaged by fire when structures burn and the water system experience low pressure plastic particles gases and other fire related contamination can be drawn into the water connections and may get past the meter into the public water system that out in that area when that fire went through riverside grove we did not lose any facilities or any hdpe products we're pretty confident that all our contamination came back through the damaged homes by fire back through back siphonage when we depressurized because of the fire currently the district is removing service laterals connected to structures that were destroyed by fire in the sands valley service area i do believe to date and james you can help me out here to date we have removed all of the the service laterals to burn structures in the riverside grove area and we are getting close to completing removing the service laterals in the the big basinway park dry west park area is that correct james on that that's correct right so and to date we have restored most of our customers except we still have 337 customers remain on the do not drink do not boil notice these 337 customers are mostly located in the west park highway 236 area and up in the riverside grove area now that we've removed all of these the service lines in riverside grove we are conducting one more round of distributions wide zone sampling in the riverside grove zone once we get the results back and we're assuming from our our our lab work that we've been continuing sampling we're continuing that we'll have a non-detectant contamination you know that is the case and and after the uh the water state water resource control board reviews that data we can release the do not drink order riverside grove and we're hoping that could be by late next week the west park area pay on drive we're still removing service laterals we've been working on the weekends we're getting close to completed and we're anticipating that we should be back in water if the sampling and everything goes okay and the state releases that do not drink by october 28th we still have some work to do and this is all contingent on non-detect service non-detect sampling throughout the distribution system water quality crew is taking a large amount of samples and i think to date we uh taken approximately 240 mainline samples for boc and we're still continuing sampling our results are showing non-detect in most of the areas we have had the texts in these individual service lines that are not part of the the actual distribution system to where there's nobody at those homes they've been shut off right after the fire but we're sampling them as we pull out to try to determine where some of this contamination is coming from so you know we have a positive outlook coming forward we're hoping by uh october 28th that we're 100 back in water we might have one or two isolated homes that had damaged and some isolated neighborhoods that we're still working on but we're working with a couple individual customers but the majority of our system hopefully by the 28th we'll be back in potable water and with that nape i kind of went through some of this do you want to get in the weeds on any of this or uh you can answer questions or something you'd like to add yeah i've got nothing to add something up nicely right yeah turn it back over to the chair thank you right with the with regards to the estimate of returning service back on the 28th uh what sort of communication has been going on between the water district and the residents that are currently affected Nate you want to take that yeah so uh we put out a notification this week just notifying uh affected customers on the process we're going to be going through before we are able to make a proposal to our regulatory agency to lift the do not drink do not boil notice so it was essentially a three-step process step one is background data generation step two is physical removal of all service laterals connected to burn structures which is in progress right now in the west park neighborhood it has been completed in the riverside grove neighborhood after step two is complete we will be moving in to do one more large sampling of all areas of the affected zone and once data comes back assuming data looks favorable we'll be presenting our case to the state water resources control board for you know drink you don't boil notice lifting so we've communicated that process with our customers but as rick mentioned this is all contingent upon favorable lab results so if we're not seeing favorable lab results we're not at that time going to be prepared to lift and do not drink do not boil but uh all mainline sampling data we've got right now looks very positive so we're also getting ready to update our website with additional mapping to show you know we talk about zones but customers are questioning you know where these zones are so we're going to be putting out additional mapping that shows each of our individual zones and the staff nate is working with the state water resource control board on a long-term boc monitoring plan to continue to monitor and that's going to go on for how long nate uh in a minimum it will be going on until december of 2022 yeah so there'll be a long standing monitoring program after we get back to the do not drink as well if i can add to both of those too uh riverside grow all connections have been disconnected to burnt homes and testing was done on monday of this week we are waiting for lab results to come back so that way we can submit to the state to lift that zone um everything pre-hand to the service laterals being disconnected for a couple weeks there was no detect um we're pretty positive on the lifting of that next week at some point uh we are working on the lion zone 236 west park area we are still just disconnecting services hopefully having them done i was hoping to have them done today but we ran into a lot of leaks this week so we're still working and moving ahead um hopefully this saturday i have a crew coming in to continue working and hopefully we get them done on saturday and we'll do our final testing on monday or tuesday of next week and hopefully we can move ahead with them and get them lifted before that date of the 28th right the the communication that you referred to nate what what format did that take was it just posting it on the website or were there emails letters how was it communicated it was uh it was posted on the website as well as uh facebook post i believe okay i thank you uh director moran you have your hand up yes um i'm a little confused but see if you can help me out here guys and girls um so if uh the laterals that we're removing are they on houses that are occupied or just burnt houses or so help me out with that so the laterals that are removed are from destroyed homes and burnt homes okay we are not removing any laterals to homes that are still existing okay so when we remove thank you and uh so when we remove those laterals are we gonna put them back yeah so with that we're giving each resident a letter and that we do encounter and they will all get the letter eventually stating that they need to contact the district or to put in their new service lateral and their new meter location the big thing is to work with them on meter location because of a lot a lot of our meter locations in these areas were very difficult to begin with and redwood tree groves or in tree roots or whatever and whatnot so we're going to work with the customer to put it where they want it to be and hopefully make it more advent you know better for the district and better for the customer at that point and they will all be put in with one inch service lines and then they will have to be recalculated obviously for fire counts okay and how many how many homes is correct let me just add to that those connections that are homes that are destroyed they are not being charged even the basic amount and as we remove these services you know there's no there's no monthly charge there's no nothing now what customer comes in and request that to be put back but we set that meter back then the charges begin okay because you know then we have to start reading that meter and monitoring and so forth so and that's kind of how that works okay what you know and how many homes were actually burned destroyed i Stephanie correct me if i'm wrong but i do believe the number is right around 120 to 126 something in there yeah somewhere around 120 okay thank you i'm not confused anymore thank you about that anyways director faults yeah so picking up on that rick because i was also a little confused about the numbers so i've i've heard before that we have about 330 customers that are in the do not zone that includes the homes that have been burned this so it doesn't include all the homes that have been burned because some of these pocket areas we replaced the whole mainline system so when we went through and replaced the whole mainline system we did not run services to the homes that were burnt in those systems and those areas were lifted early because we replaced the whole mainline system now we ran new service laterals to all those customers in those zones and they have been lifted so there is some of those burnt homes are not included and the do not drink do not boil the majority so what i'm trying to get to let me tell you what i'm trying to get to i'm trying to get to is the number of slvwd subscribers that will be offline for some period of time due to the fact their homes either been destroyed or damaged practically and the number of people that have been whose homes are still intact but have been offline now for an extended period of time due to this do not notice so i'd like to get to those numbers as soon as we can if we don't have those already they're pretty easy to put together you know i you know james is right we do have a couple pockets but the majority of those homes are in the do not drink areas you know riverside grove and boulder grove but we can we can work on some of those numbers and i'm not sure of all of those homes have been repopulated yet either we just received a list from the county of santa cruz of our of our address customers that are in hotels um so we haven't got a chance to look at that yet either so you know looking ahead at supporting the people whose homes were destroyed or seriously damaged in terms of how we do that and i think james that your idea is great let's do it good for everybody um and that has a financial impact obviously to the district we don't want to be charging people if they can't use their home and then concurrently with that the people that have been on this do not drink do not boil notice effectively limiting their use of that water i'd like to understand that because they've been on that now for six weeks and out of their house longer obviously up two months and so that also we need to make sure we're supporting those folks as well who have not had full use of the water that they had expected yeah we have some customers that were repopulated two months ago now at this point and that are still and do not drink do not boil and i think we need to do something simple and straightforward to make sure they're not paying full boat for effectively water that you know isn't being able to be used full boat i'd like to see that on a future journey with respect to that are they in all in the same uh riverside zone riverside grove zone no you have the lion zone as well it was two zones basically at this point this is the two zones and then we have most people got put back online pretty quickly i think it was only a couple weeks that we were out 10 days something like that these are the folks that have been out for an extended period of time and i think they need to be addressed separately and in a special way and that's another thing with the pressure zones where mr rogers was talking about the pressure zones earlier it's kind of a little bit difficult right now when somebody looks at the map it sees the pressure zones because we were able to cut partial residents of these pressure zones over to other pressure zones to get them in water and get them off the do not drink do not boil but at the same time we're having pressure issues in some of these areas because they're not on the zone they're supposed to be on at this point but we got them to where they are off of the do not drink do not boil at a lower pressure and we figured that was the best route to go at that point that are some of these pressures at 15 to 20 pounds or less no we're still supplying 20 plus to all plus okay well that's actually but they go from if they go 120 down to 40 they notice the difference oh yeah yeah no i get it but if they're above 20 i'm jealous there you go that's so that's true you you would be yeah okay but i think we need to have a item where we discuss how we're going to address these issues thank you any other questions comments from directors if not we'll go to the public Tina we recognize you you're free uh thank you um i just wanted to mention to James because he said something about sending on notices to certain people um i just today received a letter that had been sent to my home on 236 my home was damaged and but the mail is taking um this letter is dated september 16th so it's almost a month between the time somebody sent me something and i actually received it so i wanted you to be aware that these people if you're sending these letters to even their homes or their forwarding addresses it may take a while for them to get anything um so i don't know if there's another way around that if they're if they have emails or something you could send out but i just wanted you to be aware that um yeah the mail and and there's a lot of stuff i'm just not getting at all and i went to the post office and they said there's a lot of people whose mail has just basically disappeared over the last two months and we don't know what's happening with that so i just wanted to make the board aware that this is something and the staff as well that this is something that's happening it's really frustrating as far as getting mail goes and if you're sending out notices the people may or may not get them at all right and the thing with the letter was our crews were out doing the disconnections and they were running into a lot of homeowners that were allowed to be repopulated and they were coming to their burnt homes and they were questioning as to why we were removing the laterals and our maintenance department is not customer service you know and they're not out there to answer questions they're out there to do their jobs and so they came to us with the concern is you know what are we supposed to say so we put the letter together because we were running into so many of these people it's where we could just have they could just hand them this and say you know sorry about your loss and but here's what you need to do and we're here to work with you we're not you know just removing you we're not abandoning you this is what we're doing it hasn't you know and so it explains to them and then we mailed out to these residents as well so a lot of residents got them in hand and I understand the mail is issue right now so hopefully we can do something else mail's been problematic i'm missing i'm missing license plates we haven't got our mail back so then I had one more thing it was concerning director fault's comment about how some people have been out of do not drink and do not boil for some time or been on the drink do not drink and do not boil my home is actually included in that I live along 236 and I'm I can't use or drink or cook with the water that's at my house and I did see that you got a delivery of water recently but it is I only have like one of those it's like three gallon tanks or something that I run down and I fill up and so it's something that I would be like appreciative and I understand if the board's financial system situation doesn't warrant this but it would be helpful to like have some sort of compensation for the fact that like I can't drink the water or at my house so I just wanted to make that comment as someone who is affected by that and thank you that's all I have any other questions or comments from okay back to you right okay our our next item is the cz u fire distribution of bottled water on our filling station located our operations building in boulder creek in response to the cz u wildfire damage to district facilities resulting in the interruption of water service and the do not drink do not boil order the district has been distributing bottled water and installed a water bottle filling station at the operations building in downtown boulder creek in the beginning water was made available to anybody who wanted it with a two case limit per day and unlimited filling of the bottles at our filling station the water has been donated ongoing by the county of santa craze through the office of emergency services and many organizations such as the american red cross santa craze police fighter department retail stores bottled water providers bud wiser i mean there's been so many people and many volunteers from the community have spent time distributing water to the community including we had boy scout troops and and just people in general coming down staff spouses and just wanting to come down and and help pass out water makes it really easy if customers don't have to get out of their cars you know the operation filling isn't made for parking and drive up and load keeps people moving in the early stages of the repopulation the district was distributing water to approximately 4 000 connections as time went on the amount of water being distributed was estimated at eight pallets per day distributing water became time consuming we were we had to go down to the county they didn't have a forklift that worked we had to go down to the county and load unload pallets of water it's becoming more difficult to receive donations our district secretary and in our environmental planner are reaching out spending starts taking some time trying to get the the bottle of water to reduce the amount of water needed the district reevaluate water distribution and limited to only people who lived in the areas of the slb water district big basin water bracken bray water and forest springs those those areas either are out of water or are in a do not drink condition that was roughly some estimated at some 1200 connections total to date it's estimated that about 260 pallets of bottled water have been distributed at the operations building you know the bottle filling station where residents bring empty containers and fill and fill them themselves is is is very popular and gaining popularity it greatly reduces the the amount of small plastic bottles to date approximately 20 units almost 15 000 gallons of water has been distributed through the filling station water distribution has been free of charge to the community the district has minimal cost with staff time and has purchased we purchased about 105 gallon containers for district customers that were given strictly to district customers that was at a cost of a thousand dollars looking at the district's water quality cleanup efforts it's projected that the remaining 350 district connections could be back in water restored by that october 29th once the district's water quality is restored and the do not drink order is lifted we will start to close down the distribution of water at the operations building notifications will be given to the public and other water providers i've sent emails out to big basin water bracken bray water and forest springs water to inform them that we have a potential of getting our do not drink or lifted and we will be rolling back the bottle of water communications with the neighboring water districts have been very limited i haven't heard back from any of the the three agencies i sent out emails to i thought and the county environmental health has reached out to the district wanting to maintain the filling station through the end of the year which is not a bad idea the amount of water that that is distributed is not that much it's not very staff there's hardly any staff time maybe going out and wiping down the station three or four times a day but that would be good for the community because these other agencies they have no no end in sight of when their system will be potable again um and it is burdensome to two folks so i would be recommending leaving our filling station up to uh through the end of the year and on another note too it's you know we've had people that come up as far as aptos trying to get water there's it's become problematic people see things for free uh they want them a lot of people are not in the the do not drink areas it's getting confrontational staff to staff to maintain a supply because we got close to running out if not ran out last week one day and we ask people where they're coming from we try to police it a little bit but it's become confrontational uh there's been uh sifting boxes made by the Boy Scouts and other organizations that are for people to take to their homes and sit looking for valuables or momentums we've had people come in one guy tried to take a half a dozen of them to build a chicken coop you know we had to run him off so to speak so it's become problematic dealing with with folks as time went on um so that's kind of where we're at on the uh on the bottle of water be happy to take any questions it's been a very successful distribution i mean we get a lot of great comments from people people on the most part are very thankful it turns out to be quite the the gathering place as director morano said the county was giving out free meals there's people were giving out free backpacks children's shoes it was it turned into quite the the giveaway location and and there was a lot of good support of the district and our devils there but that'll take questions that's great um director faults and thanks for that update rick i i think it's really a good thing that we did all of that i'm hopeful that we're keeping track of who's been donating so we can make sure we send out formal thank yous on behalf of the district the board and staff for everything that people have done um i as you recall one of the things i asked you about was what we could do for big basin water given the destruction that happened to the system and and i got a sense of that when i was down working handing out the water where i'd say about half the people that came up during the time i was there in the morning were from big basin water um and they were greatly appreciative of the fact that um you know we were there and and supporting them in that way is the end of the year going to be long enough uh given the damage that has happened to their system and is there a more sort of permanent solution that that can be done to to help out here i i just i don't think they're going to have that system back up and running here you know two and a half months i don't want to get you know too far off the item um i can't answer all those questions except we have reached out i have had contact from a lot of people from big basin to talk about what we could do for big basin and the relative to leaving the water should not the water system up for sure right or term we can have that as a separate agenda but is two and a half months long we need the the the folks at these mutuals to reach out to us and communicate what their needs are and what they would like us to do and there's a there's a little bit of a lack of communication it's not just with this district but with the county and state they're not talking um and so i you know they would reach out to us and talk with us i'm i'm sure we would work with them um but not hearing anything back and you know no communications whatsoever is kind of you know i you can lead a horse to water type of thing and it it they need to communicate with us well i think i mean their customers are communicating with us they are they're in a rock and a hard spot they don't know what to do and and there's other agencies the county is working on that and the state's working on that but we could even move you know that that filling station closer to big basin at the end of our system once we're back in a potable situation i mean there's things that we can do to work with them they have to reach out to us i've reached out a couple times yeah and not only that me and rick were in a meeting earlier today for the debris flows and it was stressed from the county oes head person that they're not contacting anybody out there i mean they're not even communicating with they're not communicating with anybody well i i get for us to take for us to take on the burden of what goes on down here at the water district passing out water to these customers that are customers of the district understand they're part of our valley and they're part of what we are but the confrontations and the stuff it's just out of control we can't go on forever well i i think there's a difference between having lots of things there that you're handing out including the pallets of water versus a filling station um but at the end of the day um i would imagine that the folks that are in charge of those systems probably have so many alligators snapping at them right that they don't they don't even know which one to go after first but at the end of the day we have people up there there's they have 500 or so subscribers and there's probably a thousand people or more that need water and i'm i'm concerned about cutting that off too fast given particularly given if we were just doing the filling station not anything else um right i'm concerned about that well we'll definitely reach out all on base and and try to you know work with them and let's cut them some slack right yeah uh we yeah the filling station is one thing but procuring water and handing out water to residents james i'm not i'm hearing you i'm not advocating for that at the end of the do not drink do not boil process it's cutting all that off i completely understand that is a i mean even with volunteers that's it's a lot of effort but the filling station is another thing and candidly most of the people from big basin at least that i encountered and again it's anecdotal sample but still they were using the filling station not the um not the the bottom part so i let's you know let's see if we can that's people some slack i mean they are neighbors and we do need to help we will thank you thank you well i'm really glad of the effort that we've made here with distributing distributing water now we're trying to meet people's needs and uh as we get more people back online there's less need so i i'm totally behind cutting out the bottled water and just switching to refillable containers at the what are you calling it the filling station so i would support that and as bob said i think you know we can commit ourselves to the end of the year and reassess it then if the need's still there um you know we're not going to disregard people's needs so we've done a great job of doing that and i think we'll continue doing that um but they should know that we're going to continue at least till the year and reassess after that and um i just really am impressed about how uh everyone has done really well with this and i understand unfortunately you know people who take advantage of it and uh i drove up through there today and the only thing i can say about communicating is maybe that big road sign that says conserve water and flashing lights you could say please contact rick rogers put my phone number out there too i'm off or uh rick other than that i have no other suggestions thank you okay thanks rick any other comments or questions from any of the board the the water that the the bottled water that's being handed out this is total donation right i mean we're not buying that are we that's correct it's all been donated to this the only thing we expense is we bought the five gallon containers uh for our uh our staff to give out um to our residents but it's all been donated and we're trying we've been trying to get big bottles you know five gallon bottles and empty containers donated but that's been a little more difficult um but a hundred percent donated uh okay thank you rick in the uh any of the public have questions or comments about the bottled water and filling station nothing okay getting back to uh the agenda although rick i'm gonna interrupt you right here between uh the consent agenda and i wanted to uh make the following announcement as a lot of you know i've sold my property in ben lomond and i've i've moved out of state and it's the likelihood is that i am not going to be returning through the state so um because of that i'm going to uh lose my qualification to serve as a board member in the future uh so i'll be submitting a resignation in the near future uh effective at a point in time yet to be determined specifically but i wanted to let uh the board and any of the public that's participating know that this time and uh i've consulted with council and staff on this and so we'll be having a orderly uh transition we won't interrupt the flow and activity of of the water district as a result so just to mention that uh moving on we have the consent agenda coming up next we have to pull anything from the minutes or the disclosure report for the reimbursement yes thank you president swan i have several questions for two of uh the departmental report he's uh one for environmental and one for finance or several for environmental and and two for finance carly if i may looking at your monthly report under the sustainable water supply planning bullet item number four permit intertide pipelines to optimize operations and sustainably manage water supply where are we with that that's a good question um rick might be able to answer that better at this point um but pretty much all our focus has been has been shifted to the emergency response um rick do you have anything to add what i i didn't listen to i couldn't hear his specific question on on her pipe and that was it right it was a bullet item number four under the sustainable water supply planning section and referred to the permit intertide pipeline to optimize operation and then that's the uh that's that's a sequel review well i believe it's more the selling water to scott valent right it's the intertide emergency intertide rick changing it to a regular intertide right and and we're working that's what we're working with the the county of santa cruz with the sierra and in that group through that grant um it has taken a backseat right now um and we are we have met and to start to put back a schedule to to pull these these more regular projects that we put on the back burner due to uh the fire uh and i do believe the county is getting ready to submit that um and start putting together the rfp for that to go out for the environmental review the rfp is actually out currently okay so it was released a week ago that that's moving along i just i just haven't spent any time on it yeah i i understand why progress hasn't been made and i certainly am not trying to um push you i'm just trying to see where where we are with that since it was on the monthly report second item is under contract and conjunctive use grant the the last bullet item the complete conjunctive use plan is 90 finished it should be available for public review by september where are we with that right so right now we are waiting for our um permit the consultant to be selected for the environmental permitting on the conjunctive use um pretty much uh mike podluck who is working on the conjunctive use plan is waiting for that feedback to then complete the plan um so he could have it done once we have that information form pretty quickly we're just kind of waiting for the next piece to fall into place so he can then complete the plan for us and as soon as that's complete we'll bring it to the board great thank you and last question for you the cip project permitting staff is working to secure permits for the following projects i'm particularly interested in the fall creek fish ladder the swim tank replacement and the five pipeline project any updates there right so swim tank we are bringing the um the final is mnd so the initial study report to the board at the november fifth meeting um so there'll be a probably a pretty large conversation around that i imagine the public will be pretty involved and as soon as that's approved then we can start moving that project forward um but we'll continue that next month and then fall creek fish ladder right now we receive the agreement from the california department of fish and wildlife um in august but we ended up bringing it back to them after jena reviewed um and gave us some feedback and they're currently in the process of approving that amendment to the agreement and once we have that we'll sign it um and then next after that we'll follow the um nymphs permitting which is their uh bio uh biop or biological opinion as they call it uh and that's kind of contingent on the cdfw permit and then after that follows will be the army corps so once one is confirmed the rest kind of fall into place but most likely we'll be going to construction for that project next year in spring and the five pipeline project so i'll i'll chime in on the five pipeline project so we had the fire and everything and we had them off the job for 40 days straight um so we are back on the job as of two weeks ago they're making great headway on the hillside and rentals project out on fern drive north of town they plan on moving into california drive on monday for pot holing and figuring out where utilities are uh letters getting ready to go out to that community tomorrow we're working on that today punching all that out so we will be delivering to that community tomorrow rick we can deliver the word and so we'll be moving in there on monday um just for pot holing it's not going to be major construction at that point uh and so that's all moving forward and we are still in design on quail hollow and sequoia and lion uh partial of lion now since the cz u fire part of that was damaged so we are working on the logistics of how that's all gonna work out on if we're gonna if we can split part of that off and do it on part of the whole emergency response and then uh quail hollow where they're getting pretty close they had us they contacted us to go back out and locate the two connection points uh they have everything else done they're just working on the connection points at this point and sequoia i think is pretty much ready to go they're getting ready to send it to us for review so everything on that end is moving ahead and we do plan to have those plans for the three that are not being constructed this year ready to approve by the end of this winter and then hopefully go to construction bid and construction early spring uh early summer so and carly the environmental review for the quail hollow project you want to update more on that right so we receive the draft of the ism and d the initial study and um we should have that finalized by our staff internally and then once we have that we'll go to the public review so probably next month we'll be opening up the ism indeed to the public for the review great excellent thank you james thank you carly one question one comment for uh Stephanie on finance the question is um what is the status of our reserve currently and then the comment is would it be advantageous to have a status report to the board every board meeting on the cash flow situation for the district so we've spent roughly september about it's around 800 between 800 and a million dollars so the reserves have essentially gone down to closer to two million um i still need project estimated costs and timelines for us to be able to go out and get different you know to know what we need exactly for lending but the majority of the spending you know it came in the beginning so it should start to balance out once we get the FEMA allocation then we'll be able to go out and get the bridge loan um which is much which is very easy for that because it's a FEMA backed item um we can continue to have you know on the monthly report something about the exact cash flow are you concerned about cash flow yes i am we need to start getting some of the forecasts for how quickly we're going to be burning through the money figured out and then on top of that you know it's we're talking about potentially three plus million dollars that we're going to foot no matter what um you know so we do need to bring it to budget and finance to figure out kind of what the district's long term plans are for i agree Lou great thank you definitely there'll be several items that we'll bring to budget and finance committee to discuss so we discuss uh you know we're starting back up our late fees to customers and we do have we're starting to have several customers bills that are you know six months eight months to a year uh behind we need to at least review that and and let the finance committee um maybe we should make some recommendations on trying to increase uh our collections do we have any other uh questions or comments from any of the directors if not do the uh public have any comments or questions that like to ask on this topic okay moving along district reports are there any status reports that anybody wants to share outside of what we've already seen from environmental operations finance or legal i'll take that as a no committee reports any committee reports to uh report on i'll take that as a no as well directors reports no okay the packet we have some written communications you can all read uh and just if i may cherish one the petitions and the letters received that will be addressed at the next board meeting uh in the response the environmental response we will have those grouped and answered through that process thank you very much rick and everybody for participating and showing up for the meeting tonight and with that we will call ourselves adjourned thank you all very much thank you thank you thank you


Hello everyone. Welcome back to the course. I am Sumit Kalwab from Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur and this lecture is about introduction to Android platform. So in this lecture we will be talking about what is Android, what makes it so special for running on mobile devices and then what all features it is having, what is the security model, what is the app model. So let's begin. So what is operating system? It allows to manage hardware resources, share them between different hardware. So we have been seeing lots of operating systems running on desktop laptop which includes Windows 7, Mac and Ubuntu. But for mobile devices we have additional sensors like we have touch screen, we have cellular functionality like calling SMS, so we have location management such as global positioning system and then we have more communication protocols like near field communication, Bluetooth and then we have sensors. These sensors vary from microphone to camera to accelerometer and lot more. So mobile operating system needs to support all these additional devices. So Android is such kind of operating system which runs on mobile devices and it supports all these additional drivers. So what is Android? It's a software stack and main components are operating system, middle wear and key applications. So operating system is Linux kernel which supports the hardware libraries which allows us to interface with hardware and communicate with them and then in middle wear we have application framework which allows to develop applications and then there is a runtime environment which allows to execute those applications. Then we have applications running on these framework and operating system which includes phone, contacts, browsers and many more. Little bit about Android history. So open handset alliance. It's founded in 2007 out of 47 companies. Currently this consortium have 84 companies. So goal is to develop open handset for mobile devices. What do you mean by open handset? So we have multiple mobile devices with varying capability. So goal is to develop a common operating system which can support all these variable devices capabilities. So in this consortium we have various companies, mobile operators, Vodafone, we have semiconductor companies like Intel, ARM and media. We have software companies like eBay, Google. We have handset manufacturers like Samsung, LG, Toshiba and there are many more commercial companies like Nozare. So goal is to have open philosophy for developing a common platform to run on all these variable mobile devices. So why Android? So if we look at current market of Android, there are more than 1 billion active devices and the rate is increasing with more than 1 million daily activations of new devices. So idea behind open philosophies to have open access to all the features of Android. So Android is open source. So it means we can download Android code, modify it and recompile it, use it. Then from user perspective also we have final control over their experience. So user can control their experience and they can install any number of applications and uninstall them. So they can extend the functionality of basic Android platform as per their need. Then from developer perspective also we do not need any permission and license for developing and delivering the applications. So Android founded in 2007 and since then we have till now many versions. So it started from Android 1.0 to Android 5.0 and if we look at the then versions names like Android, then beta came, then cupcake, donut, eclair, froyo, gingerbread, honey comp, ice cream sandwich, jelly bean, Kit Kat and lollipop. Interesting thing about all these version names are that they are named after some desert and they are in alphabetically ordered. So lollipop is the latest version. Having all these various versions, what is the update process from previous version to next version? Google releases the Android version and these versions are ready to use for flagship devices of Google. Comes under the tag Google Nexus and for other manufacturers like Samsung, Toshiba, LG, they need to configure the newer version for their devices and for their manufacturer applications. So for older devices manufacturer may not give the updates very soon because the priority for manufacturer is the releasing new devices not supporting the older devices. Why it is necessary to know update process of Android? Because if we want to have access of latest features of Android, we should go for flagship devices. So let's look at Android architecture which is layered. Bottom layer is Linus kernel which provides access to hardware drivers like Wi-Fi drivers, camera, display and many more. Then we have libraries which are general purpose like SSL secure socket layer. Then we have SQLite database, we have WebKit, open source web browser, Inzen. We have Android runtime, Dalvik virtual machine which provides the runtime environment for the applications. So Android runtime is the enhanced version of Dalvik virtual machine. In newer Android versions, Android runtime replaces Dalvik virtual machines. Then we have application framework, consists of activity manager which is responsible for handling life cycle of activities like opening them, closing them. Then we have window manager which is responsible for transition between windows, animation and what to display and how to display. And then we have location manager which is responsible for providing services related to locations and updates. Then we have applications which runs on application framework like contacts, browser, phone and many more. From the programming language perspectives, bottom most layer is written in C, libraries are written in C, C++, application framework written in Java and applications are also written in Java. So applications are varying from contacts to browsers to phone. So let's look at the applications in more detail. Android applications mainly known as apps, we can compare the application model with the web. In web model, we do not need to install any applications on our operating system. We just use the web browser and run those applications. Example is Microsoft Office versus Google Docs. Google Docs is a web browser application. We do not need to install anything to use the Google Docs, but using Microsoft Office, we first need to install the Microsoft Office on an operating system. Similarly, with apps, we need to install them on our operating system. And there are more than 1.4 million apps and these apps vary from different fields like gaming, Angry Birds, educational applications like Duolingo for learning languages. Then we have social networking applications like Facebook, Twitter and some utilities like Maps. All apps are equal and they run in sandbox environment. So these applications do not interfere with each other. So they cannot impact the performance of each other. So it separates out the concern of security from having interference from other applications. Where do we get all these applications? So we have some online repositories of applications like Google Play, Amazon App Store for Android and third party repositories like Android Payton, Gadger. These repositories vary in sense. They have different review process. Some repositories provide application support for different operating system not only for Android like Apple iOS and Windows mobiles. The largest repository is the Google Play which consists of 1.4 million apps. And till now we have more than 50 billion downloads. So now we will look at the security aspect of Android. So if you look at our current smartphone devices we have sensitive information like we have files on our device, we have call data, we have contacts, we have our location history and we have pictures and many other private documents. So there are 100 plus permissions provided by Android and these permissions are need to be granted explicitly from the user for any applications to use them. They are sensitive information. So in summary we have looked at the Android, how it's different from the traditional operating system and what is the architecture of Android, what all the main components and what is the update process of various versions of Android and what is the application model and security model. Thank you.


Hi everyone again welcome to this lecture today, we will be continuing the discussion on tickle tk that we started the last time so this is citing like the third lecture on the tickle tk let us see what we did last time so we started like I mean the first lecture with the basic understanding of the tickle how the tickle works and how tickle was invented and all the things then last week we started in earnest understanding the tickle programming language we started with the tickle commands and how they are interpreted as I said tickle commands essentially like I mean so there is no command syntax or actually like no grammar for tickle essentially commands are nothing but words separated by white space and then the way that the interpreter works is there is a built-in interpreter which divides the entire command into various words and then it sends those words to a parser the parser actually then finds out what is the real function and that can recursively call the interpreter for further elaboration but it just a very very simple thing basically again I want to emphasize this because in the very first lecture we saw that actually we want a very lightweight scripting language unlike C C++ for much more heavy languages and essentially like again once again I want to emphasize that tickle is used to for run applications and extending applications run multiple applications also like extending applications today it has been a very prevalent use of tickle across various tools that you that you will use later on in your career there is not a single tool today that does not use tickle also want to emphasize that tickle is platform independent scripting language so unlike any kind of shell or anything you take and then they are dependent on the particular platform that you use and there will be like small quirks associated with those platforms there is a shell associated with tickle that is the wish that we saw very first lecture I didn't I forgot to mention about that in the last one so just remember that the wishes was developed specifically for tickle and in the tickle was developed at UC Berkeley by Austerhout who also wrote that book and if you look at the other book that I mentioned which is the Brent Welch Brent is a student of Austerhout and essentially he is probably one of the first persons who actually wrote programs in tickle so it though those two books are very good read so I would encourage you to look at those two books as so coming back to tickle commands the tickle command is as I mentioned its words separated for widespread the first word is a function and all the others are arguments only functions apply meanings to the argument as I said tickle itself does not have any kind of grammar so the function really applies the meaning to the arguments it is always it is single pass tokenizing and substitution and then there are two main concepts that being used from the last lecture one is what is called the variable interpolation or variable substitution variable substitution is essentially using these dollars time so whenever it sees the dollar it substitutes that variable with the actual value and then you also have the second one which is the second important concept is command substitution so I am just saying in substitution so the command substitution is used using these two factors whenever we see that anything enclosed in a square bracket essentially like I mean that is the first one again is interpreted as command and that is executed first and then the result is actually fed into the name of the expression then there are two ways of preventing the word breaks one is with the double quotes so whatever is enclosed within double quotes it is treated as one word and then we also have this the curly braces essentially like that also prevents interpolation so this also prevents the word breaks so the difference between these two is that the quotes will still cause the interpolation of the variable or the command substitution so the command substitution and the words substitution of possible within the quotes whereas if you put it in the curly braces then it prevents all the interpolation of law then the last one is we thought escape characters essentially escape characters are for special characters so if you escape them as even as a dollar then that will not cause any interpolation printed as this again I want to emphasize that tickle is a scripting language usually takes strings as input and strings as law so it does not attach any kind of type to the data the way that type is provided is through those functions that we will talk about more and more so after this we also looked at the tickle expressions as to what are the rules for the expressions one rule that comes to my mind is this floating point versus fixed point so whenever we write the fixed point expressions the tickle also like considers the result as a fixed point whereas the moment we start a floating point doesn't matter after that how many fixed points we use the tickle expression will return a floating point number so this is something that you need to use it with caution so I will I will advise you and then I will leave it with that and then we also started looking at the tickle lists essentially so lists are essentially like I mean the collection of objects essentially and then we assign we can actually group those the elements in a list and separated by a white space essentially like the list is simply a string with list elements separated by white space we can use braces or codes to group the words with white space into a single list element which is very similar to what we saw here essentially so we can use the curly braces to group elements and treat them as a single element inside a list and then there are many many commands associated with lists a list command essentially like LISD will create a list and then there are several of the other commands that we will see in this section in today's section that will actually work with the list and manipulate and process the list so some of the commands we also saw in the last one are L index the L index essentially like I mean with an argument list and a number I will return the height element of from the list and L length list returns the number of elements inside that list we also have L range I think you can guess what it is and L append there are L insert which inserts exactly at where you want to insert L append will actually insert it to end and then L sort is another way to actually sort a list and this can take multiple options essentially what we can give like various switches called ASCII or integer real and then you can specify whether you want an increasing sort of decreasing sort things like that and then there are also like to concatenate a list essentially like we have concatenate multiple lists we have concat command we also have a join command for joining a new string into a list and then split string the other one which is essentially the split command is basically split on a particular string the list into two sets of its lists so I think like I mean these are the things that we talked about we will we will also like go through some some examples later on but I also wanted to actually talk about some of today's things on is the commands and lists essentially so lists pass cleanly as commands each element becomes one word but in order to create commands safely we use the list command itself that is the one that we saw here just list the reason for that is here there is one command the command itself is set x init value $ init value so this is essentially like I mean what is this unit value is read when the button is in now this command is fine we can also do this unit value in quotes so that it actually does command substitution but here the issue is if this init value is the two different words separated by blank space in between then it fails because now this variable that it expects is actually essentially our set x New York is not possible this command fails because this is the x that it is setting this value to and the init value is New York which it cannot set it so essentially like the command will pay here whereas if you say okay now set x and in quotes we gave the init value or sorry name curly braces we give the init value now what happens is if you have init value as one of the curly braces then it fails because again like I mean you know this is this is not a valid format because there is no escape character nothing for the curly braces so how do we specify the same thing where we want the command as set x to the init value which is space so that it covers any condition possible so what we do is essentially like now we say command here we specify the list and then we say the x as the init value instead of the ports are inside that the curly braces so here it will work because if the init value is curly brace then it basically it automatically escapes that curly brace and essentially gives you as that x as the escaped curly brace which will work so essentially using the list command is a very safe way to actually specify list files specify list so we will see this more and more again the one thing to notice tickle it is thrown to lot of errors and I mean you can make a lot of mistakes and make a lot of errors very easily and then quickly you can actually get bogged down into your own errors and trying to debug those errors so some of the safe practices when we say show it to you I think you should actually heed and very much try to adopt these kind of spacer practices which will enable you to succeed in coding in tickle so now we come to the strings essentially so we know that the string commands essentially are again there are many many commands for string manipulation strings again again the strings are group of characters that we talked about previous lectures and then string manipulation is one of the main thing basically and the string is the basic data item in tickle and as I also mentioned that the commands themselves are essentially like I mean the whole kind of parts as strings which is essentially a character separated by workspace and essentially like I mean using that we can do a lot of things and then the key thing to also understand is using strings we can do pattern matching which we will talk about and pattern matching is again one of the key elements in the tickle and it is slightly different than what we saw in Perl for that matter and the two main concepts are one is exact matching and globe matching this is GLOB globbing so glob matching and exact matching you will see like when what is this glob style and what that means so the string manipulation command so reg X so this is for the regular expression is also a format this is split string reg sub scan and the join these are all the string manipulation commands there is the basic command which is also a string and the way to use is string followed by operation and then string value and then any other arguments so string command similar to the list command that we talked about is the main command essentially like that is listed here this is the string command and then the string has the sub command which is this operation that can be compare first last index length match range to upper to lower trim trim left and trim right so we will see like some of the examples of how to use these commands one quick notice all the indexes within the string start with 0 so if I say fear academy so this is string value 0 0 and I is also you can say and okay so it starts at 0 and then end means the last character in this example and notice that actually it is one word so if I split it here this is a string this is another string and for this string this is 0 n or this string this is 0 and this is the end so it actually goes like 0 1 2 3 if you make it continuous then exactly 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 so the value index 10 is also same as index n okay so now let us look at these commands the string compare takes two more arguments which is string 1 and string 2 and that returns 0 if they are equal minus 1 if string 1 starts before string 2 or it returns 1 so just this compare as 3 return values and then the first also takes two string two arguments string 1 and the string 2 and then that return the index in string 2 of the first occurrence of string 1 if the string 1 does not exist as a part in string 2 then it returns negative 1 to indicate that the string 1 is off and then the same is last essentially which is the last occurrence of particular string 1 some of the other ones that are interesting are range range gives basically it also takes two additional actually like three additional arguments one of the string and then two numbers and then it returns the characters between those two numbers as well and then the string match actually that takes a pattern and also after that it is a string so takes two more arguments of pattern and the string and then it returns 1 if the string matches the pattern otherwise it returns 0 and here the string match command this one uses the globe style magic that means that you can use special characters and wild cards we will actually see that for the example then we all we can also like trim the string essentially which is the it trims from both ends of the string and then the character usually like I mean it also has an optional characters that you can take and that is the characters it will trim and optionally I mean for as a default the character is always white space which is it trims the white space from both both ends if there are any and then the trim left and trim right does the same thing on the either side the two upper and two lower is essentially to upper case the string or the lower case so now let us look at the key thing that I mentioned previous one which is the globbing so the globbing and regular expression essentially the globbing is a simple pattern language so I want to emphasize this whole thing which you want to use in globbing style which essentially like I mean which with which you can really use those two those four times first one is the star that means any sequence of characters so if you want to match say a star that matches here a pattern any kind of spelling or just CRA that is fine so anything that the star will specify that this is here then we have the question mark question mark matches one character at a time so how many ever question mark you give it matches that many characters for example if you say yes question mark are Academy then it won't match here Academy because you have two characters in between and it only matches one of them so that will match SIR Academy SIR Academy S you are Academy whichever way that you can spell it will match now we can also have square brackets and some characters in the middle this can be characters or a range of characters and here it matches those specific characters and it matches one character in that one or in that range again you can have like the multiple of these essentially to match more than one character but every square bracket will match one character out of that set the set that is this idea and then we can also like backslash with the C is matches see even if it is all these special characters so if you want to exactly match a star you basically escape it as so that matches exactly that character so I wanted to make a distinction between the globe style pattern matching and the globe command that we saw in the earlier months before that here are some of the examples so start out exe that is specifically this look style which is this one and then we can also have a through e star that is first character it matches ABCDE after that it can have any number of characters and with the extension text here we can escape the question mark which is basically so it needs to have a question mark then any number dot back is what is matched here so it will be a good exercise if you can actually identify these kind of things later on in the program now the globe command is also like another common command please do not confuse it with the globing style matching the globe command applies a globe pattern to file name essentially the globe actually returns the unique file names in that particular directory so here for each as globe star dot exe but $F is the program basically it goes to your current directory and look for any of the exes and then it prints out this message for those programs so the globe command is returns the unique files essentially whereas globing style matching is used to match the particular characters now if you specify like I mean so what is the alternative so this is this is by using string match now if you say string exact then this needs to have it won't match these stars all in all these square brackets etc so now a couple of more things about regular expressions one is this period that also matches any character the character matches the start of the string dollar matches the end of the string and then the backflash X is a single character escape and then the square brackets essentially matches any set of characters Tilda is not and essentially you can use dash to indicate the range so these are some of the things that you can use within the square brackets so if you do square bracket Tilda AE then it won't match the set 8 through E it is a range for the first character it will it can you can have anything like from F through Z or any numbers or anything like that in the parentheses and the regular expression matches the regular expression and here the star matches 0 or more proceeding the plus matches 1 or more of the preceding and then the question mark matches 0 or 1 of the preceding and then we can use this bar to divide alternatives so here are some examples of the regular expressions so here a through Z lower KT to Z 0 to move and then underscore and then when it is plus it is 1 or more this is a valid tickle identifiers so any kind of variable names are using this then here we say like tickle of TK with parenthesis and then using the bar T CL of K so that matches to tickle of TK so here another in the in this reg X command it is a reg X T CL TK I mentioned TK WT so this will return 1 which is a match and then the W becomes TK and then the T gets K essentially so if you recall the reg X command actually it gives basically the reg X reg X followed by flags which is optional and the pattern here and then the string and then the last two are the sub 1 and sub 2 which is essentially here what are the substrings from this match that gets added to it okay so now let us look at the reg sub command so that essentially like I mean so here it matches the TK here so the W becomes the TK which is what is matched here and then the T gets the substring K which is where the match happened now let us look at the reg sub command reg sub command again has switches here in this case it is the no case is the switch and then the pattern which is essentially like here it is Perl then followed by string and then we also have a sub spec essentially for this and a variable name so here the no-case Perl means match any case of Perl so it returns one a match because it matches this Perl and then the mantra is the variable name that gets this I love tickle as the string because once it matches this Perl it replaces the Perl with tickle and then assigns that whole string to this new variable mantra okay so now here is one example one quick question essentially like I mean more case varies it was the star escape question mark and then you have where is Bob and then we say basically like the subspec is whose and then escape one and then put it in result so how do we interpret this essentially like I mean so this is going to match varies some name any name followed by question mark so here the string is where is Bob so matches then so it returns one the perfect match now look at the parenthesis here so whatever is within the parenthesis will get replaced because this is termed as escape one so now basically the subspec calls for who is and then we places with this here and then that string is assigned to result so the result gets whose Bob so the Bob is the one that got matched and then this is the parenthesis that's called as escape one then that goes here so I mean give you like some more exercises to work on these concepts I think these are quite important ones or general understanding of Bob's 10 matching and less particular expressions now the format command essentially this is something that also let me talk about in the this one this does string formatting so in how do we format a string essentially review the the particular value and then essentially like I mean use we use it in substitution to that that particular thing so again here we say basically it's format and then this is what is known as the spec and then these are all the various values so this is value one and then you can have multiple values so every occurrence of this various characters get replaced with those values so here we say like percentage D that means that it is a sign integer and so 97 instead you can have unsigned integers we have O for unsigned octals X for unsigned hexadecimal C for mapping an integer to the ASCII character it represents S is for a string F is for floating point and then E is using scientific notation and then the G is in either the percentage F which is for floating point or the you know scientific notation whichever is shorter use that so essentially like I mean pretty much it boils with the format is as most of the print F cable is you can also use it to create the complex command strings now the next one scan is like scan F in C programming so the scan F actually parses a string according to a format and assigns the values to the variables so here let us assume that the string X as this information which is SSN and then we say basically like some number so when we say scan we scan this particular variable $X and then we say a format which is SSN hash is percentage D and then that is assigned to SSN now if you say like the social security number is $SSN this SSN basically gets replaced with this number here from here and then we can actually display that so again for scan command this syntax is scan string the same as the $X here and then the format and then followed by variable so here the format is percentage D on this whole thing SSN percentage D and then the variable is SSN so that is how SSN works so now we come to another interesting topic which is the control structures control structures are needed for controlling the various operations this basically gives the program the real structure or essentially the essence of the program is all the structure we covered this for Perl we talked about its data structures and then we went into more control structures even this is very similar the control structures are like C in tickle so if you know C it is very easy to write these control structures in tickle you will understand much better they are just commands that take tickle scripts as arguments again you should think again when we come to the tickle there is no grammar so everything is just a command and then the command will take other tickle scripts as arguments for it for example there is a list reversal where we set the list B to reverse of list A so how do we do this so here we declare a variable called B and then we say we set the I to the L length of A minus 1 can anyone tell me like I mean what what does this do so L length actually gives the length of the list essentially and then we need to subtract 1 from it because the first element is 0 so if you have n numbers the actual list indexes are 0 through n minus 1 so there are n elements it is actually each one is indexed 0 through n minus 1 so we subtract that one from that thing and then now we just go through this while loop which is one of the control structures and then we say $ I greater than or greater than or equal to 0 as long as the I is greater than 0 do this which is L append B to L index a $ I so again L index a $ I returns the character or the list element which is of I from the list $ a so now B becomes or B 0 in terms a n and then the increment I plus 1 sorry so increment I with minus 1 which is actually decrement a I so here now the next element will be B 1 because we go L append becomes a n minus 1 and so on so now you can see that actually like I mean it becomes a reverse and finally this is the end will be a 0 and that is when the program term so it is a good program to do the reversal of this but you can use this so you can see that so for doing the for controlling the commands on controlling the structures of the control structure commands are essentially if for which break for each while eval continue and source the source command is very commonly used essentially this just source a set of procedures or a new command so let us look at if else so here we say the variable X we set it to 2 and say that if it is less than 3 then put X is less than 3 if X is otherwise it says X is 3 or more so when you execute this program for X value of 2 now it will say this and it will exit it won't execute this at all because it is already exist less than 3 and then this is the while example we saw this list reversal essentially here the V is e being seen be after executing this program this is the same thing that we saw now we have far and for each so far usually we say set I 0 then $ I less than 10 implement I and then puts $ whatever essentially and then for each actually uses a list as its main arguments and it uses another variable in the middle and this variable essentially just taken through each of the values inside the list so for each color red green blue which I like color so it basically puts I like red I like green I like three states now there is another one which is the set a 1 as a a 2 as be a 3 a 26 as Z assume that everything in between is also set somehow now for each index array names a puts a and then the index there are two things basically like I mean now in an array so these are what is called array commands essentially array also like I mean we will go through this kind of commands but in array as an data structure the command is array and then you have names and values so the names actually return the indexes and then the values return what it is set to for example these so in this case essentially like I mean say index array names a and then puts a $ index now we can see that this program will output a the and so and then finally the command called switch essentially this is very similar to the case statement that you may be familiar with so here we see another example so we put these counts as 0 and then for each name we have several names here list of names and then we say switch and based on the reg X name so it is basically this name and then if it matches with Pete as the first character essentially then this is the first one and the number and then this is the main thing and then we increment these count and then if it meets Bob or Robert then we will increment the Bob count and then default is increment other count so now can you tell me like I mean what this program will generate as the counts so for the Pete count it counts one two so this will be two for the Bob Robert essentially it matches here one two and three and then finally like I mean the default is increment other count the other count is actually one two three four five six it goes to the catch all anyway so now you have six two and okay so let's look at some more rules on the control structures so here we have X is three and then we say if X is greater than two and this is okay because it is evaluated only once but if you say while X greater than two and then you are setting X to three this is just an infinite loop now here we have a set a as red blue green the list of red blue green now say like we say for each the eye dollar a this is an okay syntax but if you say like I mean same thing with the red blue green then this is not okay and this is essentially it basically just errors out because it just gets confused as we know that for each has just two arguments one and two so once it seems like more number of words it basically comes out and then for each array names a this is a common EDM in tickle so now let's look at one small example which is just a fun example for all the I mean so this is the control structure that we all familiar with and then very easy to understand to so we look at this one and then we look at some complicated examples in the next lecture so here first of all what is this what is this program this program identifies person as either a child a teen or adult how does it do so it asks for a question how old are you and then it gets that the value so it takes it from the standard in and assigns to this variable called age then it just examines that variable so if age is greater than or equal to 0 and if age is less than or equal to 12 then it prints out as your child if age is greater than or equal to 13 and age less than 19 then it turns out that age in your team and then finally if age is greater than 19 then it says that you are an adult so a simple program so how can you write with say switch statement the one switch statement and number 2 is what happens if a input age less than 0 and then how can you make it robust let's discuss this in the next lecture so I want you to go and work on this one essentially first of all modify this program into using switches this switch basically which is essentially which we want about it here and then the second thing is what happens in this program if you put age as less than 0 what is the program of it try to find out and then the last question is how can you make it robust meaning how can you power this condition if this errors out or doesn't have a how can you correct power this condition and that also you can use the switch command essentially so let's pick it up from this point the next lecture thank you all you have a wonderful day thank you bye bye