Welcome everybody. Welcome to the Future Trends forum. I'm delighted to see you here today. We have an incredibly important topic and slightly unusual format to explore, and I'm really, really looking forward to our conversation about this, where we are right now, which is our conversation about higher education in the age of the climate crisis. Now, this is an unusual session today for a couple of reasons. One is we are combining with our online book club. Our online book club has been reading the IPCC report. Explain that in a second. And that's usually blog based and web based, but right now we're adding a live video wing. So people who are reading and thinking about that can join us and talk. But the other thing is this is a session where we don't have a guest. This is one of our community sessions where we put all our brains together and think hard about a particular topic. And in this case, we're trying to think about climate change using the IPCC report as a base. Now, if you're new to that report, if you can't bring it to hand, look at the bottom left of the screen. You'll see there's a Laws in Shape button there that says R-I-Line IPCC reading. And if you click that, that'll take you to all of our blog posts and discussion about it with all kinds of resources there. Now, I'll just quickly introduce the report and then I'm going to start besieging you with your questions to try and learn what you think and what you'd like us to discuss. And by the way, hello to those who just greeted us in the chat. Heather, I see you too, Benzatz by Lightning in Madison. Hello, Vanessa in Northeastern Colorado. Roxanne, hello in Connecticut. Amy in Mesa, Arizona. We seem to be all over the country today, which is great. So the IPCC report is an incredibly powerful document. It's not an easy read at times. The IPCC is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and this is part of the United Nations. And what these folks do is they assemble the work of scientists. By the work of scientists, I mean thousands and thousands of climate scientists. And they basically synthesize the cutting-edge research into a single document. Now, when they first do this, that single document is about 4,000 pages long, which is enormous, of course. Then, and this is where our book club comes in, they squeeze it down even further to the mere 120 pages. And I call that the technical summary. And that is basically the best human knowledge we have about climate change. And in fact, if 120 pages is too much, they compress it even tighter down to the executive summary, which is called the Summary for Policymakers. It's in the government officials and the UNI. And that's near 40 pages. So that's an amazing job of synthesis and scientific analysis and writing. And these documents just really are our distillation of our thinking right now. The IPCC does this process, publishing these enormous reports every few years. And the most recent report came out in three different documents starting in November. The two most recent ones came out this April. They haven't gotten a lot of attention this year because of other events in the world, like the Ukraine War. But they are truly, truly extraordinary. And they are this state of the art, that's where we are. So just really quickly, if you can in the chat, let me know if you've been following the IPCC reports. Have you been looking at their reports about them and other sources, like radio or on the web? Or have you had a chance to read into them yourselves? I'm asking not as a quiz, but to figure out how much background I should share and how much we need to share together. It's just in the chat, let me know. Are you an IPCC hardcore reader? Are they completely new to you? What do you think? Nervous! Partial reader? Somewhat? Shin Lee, I'm so glad that you're here so that we can share that. Excellent. Somewhat. Completely new wrong. Excellent. Excellent. Very good. Bob London does the same thing of reading the Executive Summary. Very good. Heather Short. Bravo! Or I should say brava. I would love to... Let me know, actually, Heather, if your video is on. I'd love to bring you up on stage. Just let me know in the chat if I can do that. Mark is waiting for the movie. So are we all. We actually haven't had a really good climate change movie yet. Thank you to Heather and another Heather C. And let's see. Let me bring this up right now. Hello, Dr. Short. Hi, Brian. How are you? I'm very good.  Whatever you want. Okay. Well, since you are speaking in some serious and professional capacity, I'm going to start off with Dr. Short and then see how it goes. You said that you were a close reader and a devoted reader of these. Yeah. It's not exactly fun reading, but yes, I follow them closely. What brought you to that? I'm curious. Well, I've been teaching climate science for 15 years or so, and I think it's important to keep up to date with the latest science. And recently, the reports that came out, especially on the impacts, was really useful because that hadn't been done before, basically. So, yeah. And it's good to know what, because people often ask me questions about what's the latest science and trying to explain what it is. And in this report, the one that came out in the fall on the science was different in that the models have been refined. So, in terms of predicting what possible scenarios we could have for CO2 in the atmosphere in the future, the models were better. And then they also attempted to take into account these large uncertainties called positive climate feedbacks in the climate system, which are extremely difficult to model, to include in the models. But they tried to incorporate them in the technical summary, at least as a sort of long shot possibilities. These are worst case scenario, but not necessarily going to happen, but we should talk about it. Yeah. Well, first of all, thank you for giving us your background. And of course, that's really powerful and very, very important. And we're actually going to circle back to that in a kind of meta way. It's parts of the other reports. And thank you for teasing out the improvements in the science. The greenhouse gas emission science is just getting better and the developmental pathways are better and better. And friends, let me just remind you, again, we have that button on the bottom left of the screen. If you click on that, that'll take you to my blog posts, which take you to the documents themselves if you'd like to dive in. I've got to call you Heather now. I've got to do it. It's fine. I feel so convivial and at the same time, formal. It's just a division in my mind. You know, thinking about this, one of the other big changes in the reports is the emphasis on the U.S., we'd say social justice. But I think in the reports, it's more in a sense of kind of global equity as well as following the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. And that seems to be saturating the reports right now. Yes. What would you like to know? Well, first of all, I'm saying this for everybody because this is, I think, a really important development. And it does impact us in education. And I'm also just curious what we think that looks like and how that might play out. So in terms of sort of global climate justice, what that looks like is the fact that not all countries have contributed equally to this climate problem that we have right now, nor are they feeling the effects as equally. So in general, climate justice refers to the fact that the countries that have not contributed to the destruction of our climate and environment are the ones who are actually going to feel the effects first and worst and then have fewer resources to deal with them. So the idea is that if we're going to address climate as an entire species living on this planet, that we absolutely have to take into account justice, the fact that those who are most responsible for the problems that we have right now are the ones who pay the most for it, which means wealthy countries. And then within countries themselves, that also looks like a lot like social justice. It's essentially impossible to extract solving the climate crisis from also paying attention to social justice issues and that in wealthy countries that includes acknowledging that not everybody in a wealthy country is equally responsible for what the crisis that we have right now. So we need to try to take that into account and really one of the, I think the best ways to illustrate this to people and to try to convince people that it's really important to take justice into account when we're looking at the solving the climate issue is the issue of fairness. Fairness is something that is cross-cultural. It's cross-generational. All humans care about being fair. And there's literally no way that we can address the climate and ecological crises without taking justice and fairness into account because otherwise we won't get most people on board. Well, that's a great way of putting it. Fairness is really good. It's hard to be against that. Yes. We're the anti-fairness party. It's kind of hard to say that out loud. It's more of an anti-fairness policy. I mean, Tom in the chat, Tom says, well, how do you define it? I'm just referring to this at the symbolic layer. It's a great phrase to summon them for that. I think there is one study. You're talking about the impact, sorry, the causes of the climate crisis. And I think this also plays out in how we respond. I was looking at a study of building city walls against rising sea levels. And one of the authors pointed out that if you take a city and you build a sufficiently strong wall, it protects the city very nicely. But what happens is that that water has to go somewhere. So it goes on both sides of the wall and then overlaps where the wall stops. So if you've got the city there that's in great shape, well, you're basically making it worse for the areas on either side. Exactly. So that was, I mean, literally, scientifically, that's very, very good, but also I thought that's a pretty nice symbol for injustice and how that could play out. So I think this is a really, really important issue that we have to keep in mind. The climate justice angle. I'm putting that as social justice. The climate is really, especially since this is a United Nations out of the United States document, climate justice is really the way of putting it. There's two responses that humanity is called to do. One is we're called to try to mitigate the crisis and the other is we're called on to adapt to it. And my sense of the mitigation is that the new reports are a little more interested in some form of direct capture of carbon than they were before.  And I'm curious, Heather, this is such a contentious topic. It is. I have opinions about it. Please, I'll pop it away. So I'll start off with one of my favorite statistics, which is that at present, the technology that we have globally to suck carbon out of the atmosphere and store it only takes out one 1,000th of the amount of CO2 emitted by humanity every year. So presently, our global capacity to take carbon out of the atmosphere and store it somewhere, we don't even know if we can store it for a long period of time, is minuscule, absolutely minuscule. I like to tell people it's like putting all of your eggs in one basket that's being carried by a toddler for the future because it's all of these plans for direct carbon capture, carbon storage, et cetera, et cetera, are not nearly enough and they're not likely to ramp up quickly enough to avoid passing certain tipping points in the climate system that would then make the job even that much harder.  The toddler metaphor is amazing. This is a subject we'll be talking about. I was actually talking with a DAC entrepreneur last week and I suggested should campuses have DAC units and he first said no, they're not safe enough right now. You'd need to really be very careful with them, but then down the road, so that's interesting to see if campuses play a role in this. We have a question about the report itself, which has come up from our good friend Tom Hames and I actually want to bring him on stage because I love being on stage where I'm getting the blue and Texas in my life. Or the blue shirt to match the room. Just for you, Brian. I know, I know, I appreciate it. But you had a question about influences on the report. Yeah, I mean I haven't looked into this to be frank, but I mean I don't know if any of you guys saw the recent frontline series on fossil fuel companies and the let's just say creative information campaign they've been running for the last 40 years. But I'm wondering how much, whether they had more influence on this version of the report than older versions because usually when you start to see these increased mentions of carbon capture, which I'm not poo-pooing carbon capture, I think it can be part of the solution. I think it probably has to be part of the solution. But it's a way of saying, hey, you know what? We can always just go on a diet and lose weight. We just keep eating the chocolate cake now, we're fine. You know, keep pumping that gas out at Exxon. You know, we're fine. We'll just clean it all out later. We've done this before. I mean, look, the Cuyahoga River caught fire in 1973 and now you can not walk over it, I guess. I wouldn't swim in it, but my parents live in Cleveland. But you know, so, but I mean it always, the phraseology around some of this stuff. I mean, the problem with it is it's such a complex issue and you're right, there's no one solution. It's going to be a whole host of solutions that are going to have to be implemented. Some of them are going to be involving individual behavior, some of them are corporate behavior, some of them involve mitigation, some of them involve hardening because we're not going to get away from the effects of it. So, and explaining that in a 30-second stump speech to a political audience who doesn't really understand science, who doesn't understand why you should wear a mask during a pandemic is a huge challenge. And there's plenty of actors willing to throw mud in the water and what we've learned over the last, certainly over the last decade, is that you can accomplish a whole lot by just throwing mud in the water, you know? I mean, mudding the water so that the conversation meanders and you lose focus. Hey, thoughts and prayers, guys, you know? For the planet. Well, that's an unfortunate phrase for this week, for people living in Texas. Yeah, I know. But, you know, I'm one of the people who's living in Texas. It's just disgusted more than anything else. But the point I'm trying to make, though, is that I'm wondering what is it true? And I don't know the answer to this. Did the carbon industry have more of an effect on the reports than in the past? And I want to also be a little cautious about, you know, they need a voice, I think. The problem is they have too powerful a voice generally speaking.  That's not going to happen. We don't have the infrastructure to support that. We've got to work on a transitionary solution to keep that, you know, to move the ball in the right direction. This is a wicked problem. This is not something we're going to be able to literally flip a switch and change. So any thoughts or comments on that? I mean, do you know what influence, who influenced, where the fingers were on the scales in the report? I know that there was input by representatives, government representatives. So the thing with the IPCC report is that, yes, the research is all reviewed by scientists. And then scientists write the text. And at the very last minute, like literally like the report in May was really late, because like 24 hours late, because there was a lot of haggling about words. And I know that the scientists who wrote it had originally had a phrase in there that said, we must end fossil fuel use as soon as possible. And I know that that was taken out based on the government representatives requests. So, and a lot of these government representatives are folks who used to be in the fossil fuel industry or still are in the fossil fuel industry. But that's about as much as I know. Yeah. The other thing, you know, Brian, I know you're working on a book on this and what role higher education can play. One thing I don't see discussed very much is a politics for scientists course. You know, because it's scientists. One of my favorite phrases from Norman, design of everyday things. He says engineers think everybody thinks rationally. Right. And that's the big mistake when they're designing things. Scientists think everybody thinks rationally. And they're like, this is obvious. What we need to do. Let's get moving. Right. But then they run up against the political winds and the uncertainties, the cracks. I mean, science is uncertain. That's part of the point of it. You know, there's no final answer with science. We're reducing windows of probability is what we're doing. We're not. There's no everybody thinks science has an answer. We have all these, you know, from the great age of the 1950s, the scientists will come and save us all, you know. And there's still an element of that, too. By the way, you know, when I talk to people who are somewhat against making major economic sacrifices, one of the common things I hear is, well, we'll just develop technology and we'll fix it. Hold on a second time. You asked a great question. And Dr. Heather Short is making a major play right in that field.  Politics. Yeah. That's probably something that most scientists want to stay so far away from because we just like our data and we want to sit in our labs with our data and feel comfortable. No, I mean, I agree. And I agree with a lot of people are saying here in the chat as well, is that we, this is, you know, science has defined this issue of climate and ecological breakdown, but scientists are not the solution to this. Technology, there's a wonderful phrase called techno optimism, which I like the phrase, but I don't particularly care for techno optimism because it's a false flag. So we need people to challenge this, to just come up with social, be better versed in sociology and social relations and human relations and politics in order to get this sort of movement that we need to see going. But those people also must have a very firm solid basis in science and understand how science works. As Tom was saying that it doesn't provide answers, that it doesn't provide truth, that it's a slow accumulation of evidence, but that it's really the best that we've, our best guess based on some very good educated guesses from some very smart people. So yeah, I would love to see politicians much, much better educated in science. I am a real advocate for climate literacy, which is not necessarily knowing all about the science, but knowing the basics of how we got here and then also the, what's going to fix it, which is not a technological with bang solution. Heck, I'd settle for the scientific method. The representative we have of quote unquote science in the Senate is Rand Paul. Oh, good. Oh, no. He must have gotten through a lot of science courses, didn't he?  He's got to have gone through some science courses, right? Maybe. He's not the worst and not the worst. Oh, he's not, but the point is I hold him to a higher standard because he has a medical degree. Yeah. Which in theory is a science degree at some level, right? Right. And I don't think we teach, I don't think we teach astrological medicine anymore as a concern. I'll give it some time. Yeah, that's true. In the 70s and 80s, all of the higher sort of scientists for the tobacco industry who were saying that smoking doesn't cause cancer were physicists, right? So you can be a scientist, but it's really important to be the scientist for the subject, right? Well, but I mean, again, the thing is that I see things coming out of these people's mouths. And honestly, there's a part, and I'm, by the way, just as a disclaimer, I am a social scientist. I'm actually a political scientist, so I look at this from the other perspective. And that, but you see things coming out of these mouths that defy critical thinking and rational thinking.  And it's really hard to tell, you know. You don't see them slipping up. I mean, the one thing that makes me think that they're truly ignorant of it is because you don't see them slipping up in the background and going, hey, yeah, these people believe that math thing I pulled on the floor today. You know, you don't see that, right? I mean, I've never seen, rarely do you see that. So I'm thinking it's more ignorance than hypocrisy. So it's what a choice, right? Along those lines in the chat, we have a nice comment from Nafisa who mentions that the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History is opening an exhibition on the environment and climate change called Our Places. And she says, at foregrounds community conversations between scientists, curators, educators, and artists, all leading interdisciplinary education. So thank you, Nafisa. That's a great thing to learn about. And I think that's one gesture from, you know, in the United States, one of the most powerful cultural institutions. And Nafisa says it's not public yet. So another time the future transform gets a scoop. Thank you. Thank you, Nafisa. And here I thought because I couldn't get to it from Texas because we blocked that site. Well, let's focus a bit more on the educational side. We've got a couple of questions that come in. Heather, Tom, can I keep you up for a couple of minutes? Sure. Naomi Toftness asks a really good question. Let me bring, flash this on the screen. She says, what are some things that we can advocate for in our institutions that are heavenly online when all or most of the suggestions for higher ed are focused on physical campuses? I would say curriculum. I mean, seriously, that's, I think that's really, our job is to educate people. And so we need to be thinking critically about what we're teaching and how we're teaching it. And I mean, yeah, the physical upgrades of the campuses, that's nice. And it's definitely something every organization should be thinking about whether they're in higher ed or not. But does, if all the universities suddenly go green, is that really going to make any difference in the grand, in the great picture if nobody else does? I mean, I think the job of the university is to show people, hey, you know what, you know, science is a good thing.  But it's not to get a lot more accomplished. It's not just science that this was. Oh, no, but everything that goes with it, knowledge is a good thing. But yeah, I mean, how do we, that's, to me, that's the big barrier is that we have to convince the rest of the world of a problem that they can't see in front of their face. It's so big, complex, so far away, you know, and of course any scientist worth his salt is going to go, yeah, you know what, Hurricane Harvey really sucked. And maybe it was made worse by climate change. But I can't say that it happened because of climate change or that it wouldn't have happened if we didn't have climate change because honestly he can't or she can't because specific events and weather are not something you could predict from climate change. You could predict patterns of weather and the fact that Harvey popped up out of nothing and surprised us so fast was a direct result of the temperature of the water. But there are other circumstances that are going to produce an equally destructive storm.  We didn't see it coming because we didn't have the science to see it coming. Oh, look, there it is. Let me pause you for a second, Tom, because this is a, it sounds like we're wrestling with a key potential for higher education to do and Heather I think is about to pounce all over this. How can we expand our teaching of the climate crisis through higher ed? Well, I think first and foremost that all of the people who work in higher education need to be trained. This issue is so huge, as Tom was saying, is so huge and it's so enormous and outside of ourselves and the system that we live in has got us all trained to get up, do our job, go to work, come home, blah, blah, blah, so that we need a new kind of education that sort of crosses institutional boundaries and crosses sort of hierarchical boundaries within the institution itself. I was teaching in a college where my students ended up knowing far more about the climate crisis and what to do about it than all of the other teachers that they went to in their classes after mine and they knew more than all of the administrators. Really what the students need most from us is they need acknowledgement and support. They need to have adults in their lives acknowledge that yes, this is really bad. Yes, this is really scary. And we're worried too. So that's the one big key picture that young people aren't getting from grown-ups.  It starts with knowing, with understanding, and then it moves into feeling loss and because this is not just a scientific issue, this is absolutely involved human emotions and emotional processing. It's absolutely necessary for students to have educated adults in their lives and that means that institutions in order to be able to learn this stuff and then learn how to be agents of change in their own lives in whatever the future is going to bring. So I would advocate for climate literacy training for all people who work at higher institutions. We should, Heather, maybe we should do that. Okay. Because, I mean, Tom was very kind to mention my upcoming book, which is in the proof process right now. So I'll be talking about it soon. But it's all about higher education and the climate crisis. And I think this is a crying need someone's got to provide it. And maybe this is something that we can organize. Great. I'd love to. And Roxanne is right.  We can't wait until college. And I agree. But at the same time, we should be, we teach the teachers. So we should be teaching the teachers how to teach third graders about climate change in those states where it's not illegal yet. Well, that's all there. It's got to be a full court press, I think. There's a key point that came up in the chat. I just want to make sure we got this. Not to be pedantic. But Shin Lee Wong and Shin Lee, I'm trying. My Chinese is so bad. I'm really working on it. She said, is it so far away? A short visit to India, southeast Asia today should be more than enough to convince people that climate change is real. Lisa Durf has, it is now. I actually was asked to work with a group of East Asian universities. And they told me not to speak about climate change too far off in the future. So it's definitely a divide along these lines. So Naomi, that's a great question. And we have a really, really clear answer. Thank you. We have another question that comes in from Amanda Burbage. And Amanda asks, I'd love to hear how I can become a climate literate. And I think that's higher education context and how I can bring climate literacy into my courses. We talk about climate justice, but it feels very far away from my students. Amanda, just really quickly in the chat, if you could toss in what you teach. That would be great. What do you think? I'll put that back up in the stage again because it was a very powerful question. Health professions. Amanda teaches health professions. Thank you.  And then we hear this someone called Heather Short in the chat. I don't know who this is. It's an asynchronous climate literacy course. If that's available for people outside of Sterling college students. Throw in a link and that would be great. Yeah. No, just dawned on me. I don't want to be one of those creepy people who's trying to promote themselves. But I'm just saying, I don't get paid anymore for this course. They paid me to make it. But the whole idea was that it's a climate literacy course for adults who are not in college. it's continuing. It's not no credit. It's just for lifelong learning. Very nice. I will put in thank you. Yes, all right. I'll put in the link somewhere. Shin Lee Wong mentions family in Singapore in the heat. Oh god, yes. Yeah, I've been there in the summer. It's getting too often and too extreme, getting worse. And thank you Amanda. I would think that in health classes, there's all kinds of angles. We talked about, for example, changing disease patterns, as well as the direct impact of increasing wet bulb temperatures on the human body. I mean, offhand, I think those would be really, really striking. We're always seeing the possibility of diseases moving around geographically as biomes begin to change as a result. And let's not forget mental health either. I mean, I think that needs to be a discussion too.  In psychology, there's already a series of research efforts trying to name this process. Some have called it climate grief. Some have referred to solestalgia, that sense of trying to think about the place where you grew up. I mean, Shin Lee's point about 10 years in her life, that difference, that's pretty strong, how you can grapple with that. That's a great point, Tom. I just want to add, Nafisa brings in yet another country as a Bangladeshi American.  That's absolutely where the Bangladesh is right on the Indian Ocean. It's not just right in the Indian Ocean, but it infiltrates quite a bit within the shore. Amanda Burbage adds a little further. I totally agree with the connections, but they are so focused on writing educational objectives, teaching wound care, refining rubric, et cetera. It's like the climate crisis is in a box. I'm wondering whether you have to put that at an earlier stage than what Amanda is. I mean, that it needs to be part of a more of a general education requirement, and then it will filter down. But yeah, I agree, that culture of, and this is a problem in general. I mean, this is a societal problem in that we fight the problem that's right in front of us. The problem that's right in front of us is I can't afford to fill out my gas tank. Or I can't afford the fact that mayonnaise went from $3.50 to $5 a bottle in two weeks in the grocery store. Well, you've got to stop using mayonnaise. That's obvious. Okay, fine. But you get the point. I mean, these are the things that people are going to be voting on this fall. If anything, it's going to be an anti-climate change vote, because I'm stuck with this giant truck that I've got that gets eight miles to the gallon and costs me $100 to fill up, and I'm mad. I am mad because I can't afford to drive this truck. And that's my personal freedom there that you're attacking, trying to take my truck away. Well, Heather, this is a question I've been thinking about a lot, which is... Sorry, I live in Texas. I do not have a truck. I will say that. I've never had a truck. You heard that you were being true-liquizing. But I wonder, this is a broader political question. It includes government, but also beyond that, which is how do we urge people to take this seriously in a way that doesn't feel like it's abridging their personal liberty? We're experiencing this with the vaccines. Of course, in public health in general, it's going to be similar. How do we do this?  We're going to organize. Well, I'd start by saying that we don't have to convince everybody, but we do need to convince a good chunk of the population. For folks, and I totally understand people who need to and can only think about their day-to-day lives because they're barely getting by. I totally get that. What we need to explain to people is, well, first, we need just general education, like absolute government sponsored, although people are pretty itchy about governments across-the-board education about what's at stake. I like to tell the story as a diagnosis, prognosis story, where you say, okay, look, everything that we have come to know and live on and depend on in your whole entire way of life is at risk of, it basically is going to go away. And it's going to go away possibly quite suddenly in a very bad way. What we can do, and this is serious, this is like getting a cancer diagnosis. We follow that up with prognosis. Say, okay, you've got cancer, but if we treat it right now immediately and aggressively and you get lots of support, you will have a livable future. And that's how we have to treat this crisis and then also all of the other crises that are caused by continuous growth capitalism on a physically finite planet. What we have to do is to say, hey, this is going to be hard, this is really going to be terrible, but if we do this and we do it together and we do it in a fair way, then your children will have a livable future. And of course, some people are going to say, whatever, or your liberal scientist weirdo wants to control everything. But I think we have to appeal to people's own intelligence and we have to appeal to people's sense of responsibility for their kids because most people like their kids, most of them. But that takes trust. And so we need an organization, whether it's the government, whether it's something else that can develop and sustain trust with a large majority of the population. And that's not really easy to do. But it's crucial. So yeah. Just one thing on potential wildcard that I've been following for a while is the possibility of a religion of some sort that might appear. As I just threw a link in the chat to a scholarly book on the subject, Tom just threw in a link to a science fiction take, both of which are very powerful. And that would be hopefully non-governmental. But this is a huge effort. Also in the chat, Nafisa put up one that really develops this point a little further. Let's share this. How do we make people care more about the collective good in our curriculum? Interdisciplinary curriculum without cultural critique? A post-colonial approach? And then she likes the World War II and all. But how do you... I don't keep this question up, because this is as usual from Nafisa, this is a powerful one. How do you do that? When if you're an undergrad or a grad, you know, say, and you're thinking, so taking professor hands in this government class, because I got to pass it in order to get my degree. Or, you know, thinking Dr. Short's environmental studies class, because I got to get my nursing degree somehow. How do we make that as a collaborative collective good? Is that something we can do in higher ed? I think that would be absolutely awesome to have a class that is required for everybody, you know, sort of like a liberal arts curriculum that does exactly that. That advocates for a post-colonial perspective building, at least in wealthy countries, so that we understand a bit how we got to the place we are, and we understand what needs to change in order to get us through this. You're going to run up against ideology there as a problem with that. That's it. But no, of course, people freak out about that stuff. And yet, the United States right now is not really the best place to be promoting different sorts of ideas. But the thing is, is that if you look at the empirical evidence, if you look at the evidence about what is happening to all of our nine planetary boundaries right now on earth, really the only way through this is to examine how we got here and examine how we're going to ramp everything down. We cannot continue to grow our economies. It just cannot happen. And it's going to self-destruct anyway. So the more we talk about that, the more that we talk to our peers about that, the more likely that will be acceptable. But we also have to offer a solution, which is taxing the hell out of the rich and using that money to create social programs. Well, what I do in my class, the other group we really have to talk to is our students. They're going to be the ones living this in a much more real way than we are. What I do in my class, my class is challenge-based. My students pick a challenge and they run with that challenge for the entire semester. And then we spend the semester trying to figure out how to define the challenge and then also how you would go about navigating some ways of dealing with that challenge through either the U.S. or the Texas political systems, depending on what the challenge is and so on and so forth. And quite a few students have done some versions of climate change or CO2 mitigation. I mean, I try to get them to be more specific than fixed climate change. There's no way to do that politically. And one of the things that I think we have to be very mindful of is that they're very powerful systems that we have built over the years, over the last 200 years, to defend these industrial status quo because they've given us this prosperity. I mean, we can't ignore the fact that we wouldn't be where we are without oil. And that may or may not, that may be a great thing in one level, but at the same time we're going to have to figure out a way to deal with that reality. So what I have to do with my students a lot of times is to say, okay, yeah, I mean, we want to fix climate change, but where do we start? You know, what can we do? And I make them look for very real policies that certain places have put into place and say, can you figure out whether or not these things actually work? Do they make a difference? And in terms of CO2 emissions or whatever variables that they're looking at, I'd like to say that it's 100% successful.  And I will be brutally honest about this is that I still have a very large percentage of my students who are just sort of checking boxes and are just saying, yeah, yeah, whatever. On the other hand, I also like to bear in mind what my grandfather told me when I was first starting out teaching. I was very depressed because I had decided all these papers and after a certain point the students never seem to get any better at it. And he's like, look, you're not going to get any gratitude, you're not going to get any, you're not going to see an effect of what you're doing. But 10 years from now, some of those students are going to stop, some of those students are going to stop and say, you know, I could write this because of what Professor Haynes taught. They'll never hear about that. But I think that's actually very valid when you're talking about climate change because these effects, we like to think, well, these are things we have to deal with now and we do. But what we're going to have to deal with in 10 years is going to be that much more urgent and that much more critical. And so if they can then go start from at least a period of perspective of, oh yeah, I did think about this one time in college and we argued about how it's very hard to define these things and how do we go about solving problems and defining problems. And then at least to have something to work off of as I go around my community trying to make things better or working, you know, work with groups or whatever. That's the best I can hope for. And it's one class. Tom, it's interesting. Nobody has yet in our discussion today drilled down to the point of assessment. And that's what we might be better off not having done that. What you're describing is a kind of long-term educational project where you want the students to take a class and pass or pass an exam and get that degree, whatever. But what you're talking about is there should also be a long-term impact that we have done the road. I wanted to share with you a quote if I could from the IPCC report from the third document. I want to ask everyone what they thought about this because this is one of the few places where the IPCC actually held higher education directly. And this had to do with their focus on resilience and that is the idea of helping change society so that societies can better handle the crises that are being thrown at us from rising sea levels and desertification and so on. And here's the quote. Climate resilient development is facilitated by international cooperation and by governments at all levels working with communities, civil society, educational bodies, scientific and other institutions, media, investors and businesses on quote. So this they're calling on us in higher education to participate in climate resilient development and not just for ourselves obviously but for the entire society where we are. And I'm curious how can we do that? Would that be for example scientists consulting with local cities and counties and states and regions and provinces in order to help them be more resilient? Would it involve say a climate conservation corps that students of one dimension can join? Would it be something larger than that? I'll just throw this quote in a chat so people can see it. But please, would everyone think about this and starting with you two folks that I've pinned to the table? I think a climate conservation corps would be great and be a really good way to get more people involved, the more young people involved, then the more they talk to their older people in their lives about this. But in the IPCC report itself, their goals of sustainable development based on the UN sustainable development models are really only taken into consideration the climate crisis. So they don't actually look at the material throughput that's necessary in order to continuously grow our economy to then develop the rest of the world to lift people out of poverty. So even what the IPCC report recommends in terms of sustainable development is probably pushing the boundaries on other planetary limits in order to do that. So and they're still like I remember I was saying that the report itself is written by scientists but the final wording is tweaked by government representatives and they're very, very, very intent on maintaining this idea of unlimited economic growth. And really when you sit down and you look at the numbers, it's not possible because if we want to still develop economies and expand economies indefinitely, we will eventually run out of stuff. And that's like literally where we are right now. We are at that limit. We cannot push the boundaries on ecological destruction anymore. So I think what we have to do is really rethink what we mean by development. How do we bring up people's quality of life? Globally, fairness, this is the whole idea of fairness. And really, I think the empirical evidence really points to degrowth, to scaling back our economies and sharing the wealth. And I know that sounds political and I know that sounds ideological, but it is literally the only way that we are going to be able to continue living on this planet. It's a huge, huge task. If I could just narrow that down because we're almost out of time. Heather, how do we take that message of degrowth? All just universities where on the one hand, many of them see and their students and the community see their mission is preparing students for careers in a growth economy, but also our finances.  How do we take that message to higher ed? Right. Well, that's a tough sell, honestly, because we're all used to this and we've all grown up in this system and this culture and this political culture and we've been rewarded by it, right? And to say that it's not working anymore and to try to convince people it's not working anymore and it's actually going to lead to our overall destruction is really, really hard. So I think one of the things that we can go through and I see somebody mentioned donut economics in the chat, we have to instead of thinking of economics and continuous growth as the only way forward, we have to instead take a step back and look and think of how can we make an economy, a global economy on this planet that actually respects the physical limitations of our planet? And before I started reading about economics, I was like, wait, it doesn't do that. Right. Yeah, so fundamentally, I think universities need to think about how can we prepare students to go out into the world in a way that's still going to make sure there's a world to live in? Like, how do we organize our cultures and societies and economies so that we don't end up using up everything on the planet? And at this point, we're at a crisis point. So we really need to, like you were mentioning, Brian, I think, sort of take on a wartime kind of attitude, although I hate that terminology and say, yeah, and just say, look, okay, emergency time, everybody, we need to just stop business as usual. There you go. We need to stop business as usual for a few years here and get everybody reoriented to thinking very, very, very, very differently about what they want for their lives and what we expect for their lives. And then we can work on regeneration. Yeah, you know, I go ahead, Brian. Well, honestly, that makes higher education this kind of an engine and transformation a very different way than we have been. It's I hate to go back to the World War II analogy, but just temporally, it makes me think of the role of higher education in, say, the Soviet Union. I don't mean this as a criticism, but just saying that higher education has that explicitly, we will reform and redesign society mission. I'm sorry, we're at the end of the hour. We're going to... Yeah. I would just leave you with one quick thought here, and that is that, you know, this is a paradigm shift in how we think about success. And that's really what Donate Economics talks about. Exactly. Unfortunately, our educational systems are based on these same kind of motivators like grades. Grades are just like money. We've trained all of our students to acquire grades just like we expect them to acquire money as a measure of success after college. I was a high school graduation last night when my twins graduated. There wasn't a single mention of any sort of limits to growth. It was onward and upward.  Correct. Well, and this is what an essential part of climate literacy is that is we have to redefine what success means for our kids and for us and for everybody's life. And there's not even a start to that. That's such an ingrained thing in our systems, and I don't know how to crack that one. It doesn't mean it's impossible. It doesn't mean it's impossible, and I'm going to keep trying because I'm stubborn.  Thank you. And Heather, you're a, in many ways, a trailblazer for a lot of us. Awesome. Thank you. And I'll be in touch afterwards by email. Okay. Thank you, Heather. Thank you. Thank you, everybody, for a great conversation. We ended at a huge moment of higher education as the driver of enormous change. There's a lot going on in this topic. We're going to make this a theme for the Future Transform. We're going to keep coming back to this. And I'd love to hear your thoughts. Please contact with your requests, your, if there's guests that you think we should haul on stage. And if you want to say more, this forum is for you. Thank you to people who couldn't join us on stage, like, oh, gosh, all of us, all of you, Lisa Durf, John Hollenbeck, Sarah Sangre-Gorio, Vanessa Ville, you all shared so much. Roxanne, thank you. Thank you all. In the future of time, let me wrap this up. If you want to keep talking about this, you'll find that I've been talking about this up a storm on Twitter, so you can tweet at me or use the hashtag FTTE. And I blog about this consistently at brinoxair.org. We're starting to make this into a major topic. And of course, we've been talking about higher education in general for years now. So please take a look at tinyurl.com slash FTF Archive for our previous sessions. We have other topics coming up as well. Just go to forum, thefutureofeducation.us to see more of those. And if you have been working on the climate crisis or anything else that you'd like to share, please just ping me. And I'd be delighted to share your own work. Thank you all for this very sobering, very intense, absolutely necessary conversation today. I'm delighted to be exploring this vital topic with all of you. Thank you so much. In the meantime, take care, everybody. Be safe, and we'll see you online. Bye-bye.


My name is Yonatan Gabayon. I'm a medical team leader here in Kosovo. We are here now in Oshko, Saites to provide the much needed health service for the returners. Before the crisis, the health community was serviced here. Now in a day, we are serving the health post temporarily. The health facility from IDP Saites so far has taken like five up to seven kilometers. That's why we are here with the IDP giving the service. Like malnutrition screening for under five and sexual reproductive health for adults. Also, we are supporting the government logistically and we are running, building the capacity of health workers. Those who are working with us, according to their gap, we are provided the training by supporting of the government health office.


Income tax 2022-2023 a cruel method. Let's do some wealth preservation with some tax preparation. Most of this information comes from the tax guide for small business for individuals who use Schedule C Publication 334 tax year 2022 you can find on the IRS website irs.gov irs.gov. Look support accounting instruction by clicking the link below giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course each course then organized in a logical reasonable fashion making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems PDF files and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. Now the income tax formula we're focused online one income remember on the first half of the income tax formula is in essence an income statement although just an outline of scaffolding other forms and schedules flowing into it for example the Schedule C the business income which is in essence an income statement in and of itself income minus expenses or business deductions gets to the net income which in essence rules into line one income of our income tax formula this is the first page of the form 1040 we're looking at line number 11 schedule C flowing into the schedule one flowing into the first page of the 1040 here on line number eight this is a schedule C profit or loss from a business where we can see the income and the expenses in essence an income statement. Speaking of income statements let's take a look at the accrual method remember when we're talking about taxes and the methods being used for the business income reported on say a schedule C we want to make sure we get the method correct starting out with because it's going to be less easy for us to change the method in the future the primary two methods that come to mind are a cash method and an accrual method although you can have basically a hybrid between the two methods and remember that it's usually the industry that's going to drive whether on or not you're on a cash or accrual method so when you're picking between the two you want to take that into consideration so for example if you deal with inventory you might have to deviate from a cash method to an accrual method the general process or thought process would be cash method may be easier from a bookkeeping standpoint so you might choose that method however some things deviate from a cash based method even if you're a small business and therefore you have no control over that because that's the industry you're in such as for example if you deal with inventory or for example if you deal with any kind of business where you have to do the work first and then build the customer and deal with accounts receivable tracking the accounts receivable that is an accrual kind of component in and of itself now just to recap note that other parts of the tax return when you're thinking about schedule a when you're thinking about above the line deductions for example those are usually in a cash based system if you have normal charitable contributions on a schedule a for example you will have to pay for them in the year that you're taking the deduction that's more of a cash to based system but when you're looking at the schedule c you might have a different method for the business the schedule c that you would be electing on the schedule c large businesses or the general concept of what's best accounting for business is usually an accrual method because it's actually more difficult to kind of manipulate your books on an accrual method than a cash method if you're in a cash method you could try to manipulate your books by basically adjusting when you're going to receive and make payments we talked on the cash basis last time where the iris put some limitations on that kind of ability because they they say things like if you prepay for something then we're going to want you to account for it differently and so when you try to manipulate the the reporting of the income based on your payments of the cash method they'll try to restrict that but in general the cash method in of its nature nature it makes it easier to kind of do that on an accrual method you have to record income when you actually earned it which is more of a specific time frame notice that when you got the cash that's kind of like i compared to kind of like smoke versus the fire the actual reporting of the income should happen when you earned it that's the actual location of the fire in that analogy the smoke is when you actually got paid on it you might have gotten paid at the same point you did the work you might have gotten paid before you did the work you might have got paid after you did the work but the work is the point in time that you earned the income and that's where the revenue should be reported so if you're reporting it on a cash based system you're kind of reporting it when you see the smoke which is kind of around the the fire the actual location if you're on an accrual method they're trying to pinpoint the actual time that you earn the revenue that's a little bit more difficult sometimes than tracking the cash method so that's the general outline okay so under an accrual method and of accounting you generally report income in the year earned and deduct or capitalize expenses in the year incurred as opposed to a cash based method where you would be reporting income when the cash was received and deductions when the cash was paid note that many transactions you will record the same transaction under an accrual or cash based method in other words if you did work and you got paid at the same point in time so you were restaurant you gave someone food they paid you under a cash based system you would record revenue at that point in time because you received cash under an accrual based method you would record revenue at that point in time because you did the work this they'll still be recording revenue at the same time but for different reasons it's only when for example you do the work first and then you record the revenue later now you have a difference on on an accrual based method you would record the income when you did the work on a cash based method you wouldn't record it until you've got the actual cash okay so the purpose of an accrual method of accounting is to match income and expenses in the correct year so a cruel method is thought to be more accurate from a bookkeeping standpoint because we're trying to match the income that you actually earned even though you may or may not have received the cash yet and that should tie out to the expenses that you incurred in order to generate the income in other words I want the expenses that I used to consume goods and services to generate revenue for the same time period in which I generated the revenue I want to match those two things up and if you use a cash based method they can get a little out of whack sometimes so income general rule so under an accrual method you generally include an amount in your gross income for the tax year in which all the events that fix your right to receive the income have occurred and you can determine the amount with reasonable accuracy so now you've basically earned the income you can determine how much you have earned with the income possibly you issued an invoice would be the common thing in bookkeeping when you record the income because you did the work you're invoicing meaning you increase the accounts receivable and the other side's going to revenue at that point in time so if you're on a cash based system it wouldn't be till you know you received the cash right so let's see then for a taxpayer within a applicable financial statement or other financial statements as the secretary may specify all events test for an item of gross income is considered met no later than when taken into account in an applicable financial statement or such other financial statement so let's see an example are you a calendar year accrual method taxpayer you are in a calendar year accrual method taxpayer january through december you're using an accrual versus cash method you sold a computer on december 28th 2022 you build the customer in the first week of january 2023 but you did not receive payment until february 2023 you must include the amount received for the computer in year 2022 because that's when you basically did the work you completed the job if you sell the computer you're selling inventory then that happened when the inventory now leaves you you and is in the possession or in control of the recipient that's when you completed the job right whereas if you did bookkeeping or something you completed the job when you finished you know the bookkeeping so income special rules the following are special rules that apply to advanced payments estimating income and changing a payment schedules for services so estimated income so if you include a reasonable estimated amount in gross income and later determine the exact amount is different take the difference into account in the tax year in which you make the determination so in other words like 2022 you estimate what the income is going to be and then in the following year there was a difference there was a change because you didn't actually get paid yet right and then there was a change that happened between the estimated earnings and what you actually got paid you've recorded the income when you earned it based on the estimate but now the actual amount is different what do you do do you go back to the prior year and make an amended tax return to fix it typically we don't want to do that we would like to make the adjustment in the current year accounting for the for the change in the current year going forward so change in payment schedule for services so if you perform services for a basic rate specified in a contract you must accrue the income at the basic rate even if you agree to receive payments at a lower rate until you complete the services and then receive the difference so that might be applicable in more kind of a complex type of situation possibly you have a longer type of contract that would be involved so change in the payment schedule advance payments payment in advance flower generally you report an advance payment as income in the year you receive the payment now notice on an accrual method usually what happens in an accounting system is you get paid at the same point in time or you do the work first that's what most businesses kind of do right meaning i'm in a restaurant i get paid at the same time i provide the food or i'm a bookkeeper or a lawyer in which case i do the work first figure out how many hours it took me and then i've got to build the client track the accounts receivable get paid later but you could have a situation where they give you money in advance they give you money first before you do the work now in that case you wouldn't actually record the revenue on an accrual based system until you did the work but now the iris is saying hey you've got the money we want our piece of it when you get it right so you can see where the iris would want to make an exception if you already got the money in advance of when you did the work and they might want their piece there so however if you receive an advance payment you can elect to postpone to postpone including the advance payment in income until the next year you cannot postpone including any payment beyond that tax year so for more information see publication five three eight and section four five one that's probably more of an unusual situation and or one that's going to be specific to a particular industries so expenses under an accrual method of accounting you generally deduct or capitalize a business expense when both the following apply one the all events test has been met the test has been met when a all the events have occurred that fix the fact of liability and two the liability can be determined with reasonable accuracy so now we're on the expense side of things which at the end of the day you would think that cash would be going out of of the company but we're on an accrual method system so we're not going to record it simply when cash goes out although if it was an easy transaction you paid for something you got the services at that point in time the accrual and cash methods would be the same it's when there's a difference between when you incurred the expense and when you paid for the expense that the accrual and cash methods could come out to a different time frame in terms of when you would record the expense so basically you want to record the expense when it has been incurred and that's why we have the events test all the events have occurred that fixed the fact of a liability meaning you owe money at that point in time because you have incurred the services you have a contract the the con the services have been done you owe the money even if you have not yet paid it at that point in time be the liability can be determined with reasonable accuracy meaning the contract is usually fairly straightforward before the work was done you could you know how much you're going to owe after the work is done and so on even if you have not yet paid it so you can determine how much to be it's going to be paid so number two economic performance has occurred meaning the work has actually been done meaning you have now incurred the liability because the work has been done that's usually going to be an increase in say accounts payable a liability and then recording the expense from a journal entry standpoint so income performance you generally cannot deduct or capitalize a business expense until economic performance occurs if your expense for property or services provided to you or for your use of property economic performance occurs as the property or service are provided or as the property is used so so notice that with the expense side of things the irs is going to be skeptical that you're going to over report your expenses reporting expenses early because expenses are actually good for taxes everything's flipped on its head so you got to keep that framework in mind for income they're going to probably be skeptical that you're going to try to delay the income and report the income later because income is bad for taxes right so if your expenses is for property or services you provide to others economic performance occurs as you provide the property or service so an exception allows certain recurring items to be treated as incurred during a tax year even though economic performance has not occurred for more information on economic performance see economic performance under a cruel method in publication five three eight if you want to dive into that exception example so you are a calendar year tax payer and use an accrual method of accounting you buy office supplies in december 2022 you receive the supplies and the bill in december but you pay the bill in january 2023 you can deduct the expense in 2022 because all events that fix the fact of liability have occurred the amount of the liability could be reasonably determined and economic performance has occurred so one more time let's just think about those three because all events fix up of the fact of liability have occurred meaning you know what the liability is and and it has occurred you've received you know the supplies that you purchased the amount of the liability could be reasonably determined you probably already know how much you you're going to owe because that would be in you know in the contract of the purchase and economic performance has occurred in that in that year in other words you've got the the stuff already even if you have not yet paid for it therefore they have completed their side of the job so your office supplies may qualify as a reoccurring expense in that case you can deduct them in 2022 even if the supplies are not delivered until 2023 so possibly if you have this reoccurring kind of thing then maybe there's like an exception to the general rule and again you can look at the publication if you want to dive into that in more detail keep in inventories when the production purchase or sale of merchandise is an income producing factor in your business you must generally take inventories into account at the beginning and end of your tax year unless you are a small business taxpayer so note if you have inventory then usually you're going to have to buy the inventory meaning you might pay for the inventory at the time you purchase but still put it on the books as an asset so it's kind of similar to buying like like a large building or equipment you have to kind of capitalize it on the books as an asset you're not expensing it at the point in time of purchase generally and if you have to do that you're doing an accrual thing that's why inventory lends itself to being an accrual component because you're not going to expense the consumption of the inventory until you sell it in the form of cost of good sold so if you're a small business maybe you can still get away with like a cash based system when you deal with inventory but if you're getting larger and you have a lot of inventory that's on hand by nature you'd be on an accrual based type of system and i believe the second page of the of the schedule c is the is where you've got the calculation to calculate your inventory which is like beginning inventory plus purchases minus ending inventory gives you you know the cost of good sold calculation that you're going to have to generate when you're dealing with inventory so if you must account for an inventory you must generally use an accrual method of accounting for your purchase and sales for more information you could see inventories later special rule for related persons you cannot deduct business expenses and interest owed to a related person who uses the cash method of accounting until you make the payment and the corresponding amount is included and the related person's gross income so now you've got related transactions notice it gets messy when you're dealing with business of of a relative someone that's related right because then you can start to manipulate the transactions and the timing of the transactions between the two entities right the two entities that are doing the transaction so in that case you would need to line up the same timing in order to properly you know record things the errors is going to be skeptical that you're going to use the two entities to manipulate the timing of the transactions so determine the relationship for this rule as of the end of the tax year for which the expense or interest would otherwise be deductible so if a deduction is not allowed under this rule the rule will continue to apply even if your relationship with the person ends before the expense or interest is included in gross income of that person related persons include members of your immediate family including siblings other whole or half your spouse ancestors and lineal depend descendants obviously related transactions from the iris perspective are going to be skeptical of them because you don't have an arms links business transaction if you were unrelated and you were just trying to look out for yourself in a capitalistic market then you would think the transactions would naturally tend towards equilibrium and be fair and all that but when you're dealing with business transactions that are related in nature related entities then you've got all kinds of weird stuff that can happen that aren't arms links transactions possibly with an intent specifically to try to reduce you know tax consequences and that's what the iris is of course going to be skeptical for a list of other related persons you can see section 267 of the internal revenue code


well the coffee is made my special elixir tea is made the big percolator pot high antioxidant special elixir of life that I make all the time all right that's done of course it has green tea among many other things many other things why am I showing you this because they just got up that's why I'm showing you this but that's not the real reason why I'm showing you the real reason why I'm showing you is the day after the first snowstorm of 2014 in New Jersey okay is now I guess oh you call it Friday January 3rd 2014 it's probably gonna be very glaring out here I don't know how the visibility is gonna be in front of the house there it is I honestly don't know how the visibility is going to be on camera but all I see is white that's it Friday January 3rd Friday January 3rd 2014 first snowstorm of 2014 this is James a Megalife 21 James P. Madonna giving you the the winter update that I do every year Megalife 21 New Jersey winter update oh it's windy too wow it's freezing I'm freezing I am freezing I gotta shut the door good thing we're world stocked in the house there you can hear somebody snowblower the guy over there you can see it yeah it's about it looks pretty bleak


Hi everyone, Shawn with jazviescasebrakes.com here doing 2021 Panini Don Russ football six box break pick your team number three We're giving we a thousand dollars in break credit as well So how to be entered into the thousand dollar break credit giveaway by two or more teams in the break Get entered to win two top two names each win five hundred dollars in break credit So there you go on release day no max entries two entries two teams one entry four teams two entries six teams Three entries, etc. No vet common ship in the break There are photo variations that we will set aside those will all ship second year Herbert Burrow Hertz and Tua will all ship as well as well as the always Tom Brady and Patrick Holmes Looking for these two things marvels downtown. Let's see it Here's our list of teams and respective customers Patrick Davis Cardinals Patrick Davis Washington football team. Well, why don't you just do that and our last spot mode Joe Travis Melbert with the Cowboys Here um, yeah, there's definitely one on their faults Who do you got Brandon? Got me looking You're not on here. Oh, yeah, you are Patriots. Okay. I just saw you. I thought you said that without being in here So we're gonna open up three boxes at a time Well, the good news is Brandon. I just did the second The second six box break from this go to the first one and there were no No back Jones to speak of as far as I remember. So I think that bodes well for you in this third part, right? Which one did I pull you earlier? Which one did I get you? gold something I Think I remember pulling you a gold something. I don't remember what it was Do we get you a tray lance? Gold out of 50 was that was that you sounds like right, right? I mean, you'll find out when you pick it up Yeah, I remember I pulled you something. I'm pretty sure it was a quarterback decent quarterback That was it tray lance out of 50, right? That's right. You call it the bench warmer.  So every three stacks is a box Like I said, we'll do three boxes at a time Yeah, I don't recall hitting anything crazy Mac Jones in the second six boxes of this Brandon So all of Mac Jones is for you here.  I need I need to like shittier players, though That's a shitty team not players Unfortunately, Baltz in the chat. That's your boy. So sell him your pets Falcons fan there. It was one of those situations where it was either gonna be a tight end or a wide receiver. You don't I mean For them No worries. I get you. No, I agree. I Agree, I thought that they would have traded out I Know I know other Falcons fans that were saying like I don't know like there was some a lot of them We're thinking that they maybe you guys would draft Justin Fields at three. I mean at that pick Or we're hoping that you guys would obviously trade out if you weren't drafting a quarterback to a team that wanted a quarterback But I think a lot of teams at that point. We're like, no, we're cool. We'll sit where we're at It was just like Baker Mayfield no huddle or no helmet And our first autos Dwayne Eskridge 11 out of 99 Seattle Seahawks autograph That is my paper Gerald Hurtado. No Angel Acevedo Barry Sanders no helmet Darius Leonard no helmet Jamar Chase for the Bengals and Sean Matt it That is Marcus Peters. No name for the Ravens Chase young no helmet and Jerome Baker to 55 For the Dolphins Travis Melberg Jalen Hertz. No helmet Drew Brees. No helmet. Yes with both of you. All the big names Aren't coming around a lot. So I have a feeling even just the regular rated rookies are actually gonna still hold pretty easy about you Just my thought after the two cases or so that I've kind of seen for myself Henry rugs. No helmet Travis Kelsey. No helmet. Najee Harris That's for the Steelers Arthur Hackett and Ramondry Stevenson the 500 for the Patriots and Brandon Latulit to a no helmet and Dalvin Cook Relic to 299 Minnesota Vikings Angel Acevedo Decay Metcalfe. No helmet Julio Jones. No helmet and Kyle Long to 100 for the Chiefs Mark Neubauer Joe Burrow. No helmet Dalvin Cook the 500 for the Vikings Angel Acevedo Brady Patriots Brandon Latulit and Tray Lance 4-9ers Great Iron Kings Gerald Vartado Brady Buccaneers Mark Neubauer Vaughn Miller. No helmet and Zach Wilson Jets Matthew Shura Ezekiel Elliott. No helmet and Drew Locke to 75 die cut for the Broncos Patrick Davis Peyton Manning. No helmet and Jalen Waddell Dolphins Travis Melberg and Travis Etienne or sorry Trevor Lawrence portrait, which is now this year's version of the canvas Jaguar Shawn Matic. What's up Aaron? Brady Patriots Brandon Latulit and Deandre Hopkins. No helmet I love seeing Rich Ganon. Fox one of six Plenty to go Jonathan Taylor. No helmet and Is that our second auto already? Jacob Harris to 299 for the Rams Angel Acevedo Crowd sourced my draft earlier tonight on the chat. That was fun Aaron Donald. No helmet and DeSean Watson to 500 for the Texans Nicholas losses Devonte Smith for the Eagles Matthew hedges Kyla Murray. No helmet And to a no name Mack Jones elite series Patriots Brandon Latulit Christian McCaffrey. No helmet to a second year Aaron Rogers Packers No helmet and Trey Lance portrait 40 diners Gerald Hurtado not that I've seen Herbert. No helmet And Caleb Fairley 10 out of 50 for the Titans and Ethan Cook The elite series rookie. No, it's a it's a parallel Brandon. Not numbered, but John L. Way. No helmet homes. No helmet Devonta Smith Eagles Matthew hedges Derek Henry. No helmet And Felipe Arios for the Colts to 349 Indianapolis Colts Sean Maddock Kyle Pitts Falcons Brody Vaughn and Patrick Mahomes for the Chiefs Mark Neubauer Joe Nameth. No helmet Racy McMap to 100 for the Titans Ethan Cook Joe Burrow second year Alvin Kamara. No helmet and Terrace Marshall to 100 for the Panthers Patrick Davis Josh Jacobs. No helmet Travis Etienne Jaguars Sean Maddock and St. Juan Barkley. No helmet Brady Patriots Brandon. Not to look Herbert second year Brady. No helmet Buccaneers Chava Hubbard to 500 for the Panthers Patrick Davis Randy Moss. No helmet And Joe Mixon to 75 die cut for the Bangles Sean Maddock Lamar Jackson. No helmet Devonta Adams. No helmet Devonta Smith portrait for the Eagles Matthew hedges Odell Beckham, Jr. No helmet. That's box two. All we need is one Brandon All we need is one and we started holding other three boxes we need to rip open. Yeah, that was cool I just pulled a I pulled a Zach Wilson in the second in the picker team two of that same one that gold out of 25 Yeah, I pulled a I pulled a Zach Wilson on one of that That is super cool looking second one we pulled so far Brett Favre. No helmet for my Chargers Josh Palmer 43 out of 99 Los Angeles Chargers Oliver Soria Okay, it's gonna be wide receiver three. It looks like to start the season Maybe for a fifth round pick I think Tyreek Hill No helmet and Trevor Lawrence Jags Sean Maddock CJ Ham out of 10 Will black press proof out of 10 for the Vikings Angel Acevedo Joe Montana. No helmet and Kyle Pitts That's for the Falcons of Brody Vaughn Hunter long. No name for the Dolphins TJ Watt. No name Justin Jefferson. No helmet Khalil Mack. No helmet in my homes for the Chiefs Mark Neubauer Alvin Kamara die cut 25 thanks Kiyosuke Nagasawa. Yeah, they are Damien. It's a really nice looking set That night, I also like the the rookies ones. I think that's one of my favorite. I Know everybody wants the rated rookie autos, but I think that Christian McCaffrey. No helmet Brady Patriots Brandon Latulip and Mahomes Chiefs Mark Neubauer Love thing Breeze is a Charger in this to a talk of my love of Dolphin second year And Aaron Rodgers. No helmet Kenny and Wong would a 500 for the Vikings Angel Acevedo Herbert. No helmet Zach Wilson Jets Matthew Shearer and Romeo Aquara to 100 for the Lions Nicholas losses George Kittle. No helmet Russell Wilson. No helmet And Travis Etienne portrait Jaguars Sean Maddock Devonta Smith elite series That is Eagles and Matthew Hedges Jalen Hurts second year Adam Thielen No helmet That is Josh Jacobs. No name Taysom Hill. No helmet back Prescott. No helmet Deandre Swift. No helmet and Kaderius Tony for the Giants Matthew Hedges. I like these relics the passing the torch Jim Plunkett Derek Carr to 199 For the Raiders Peter Lombardo Jalen Ramsey. No helmet James Robinson to 500 for the Jags Sean Maddock and Jamar Chase for the Bengals Sean Maddock. There you go Damien. There if it's Gerald. No helmet And Aaron Stinney to 100 for the Buccaneers Mark Neubauer Josh Allen. No helmet Brady Buccaneers Mark Neubauer Okay, so that's the first three boxes You got another three to go Let's see them in the next three boxes. Let's not worry about the last three breaks. Let's look at the next three boxes That was special Of this we'll once we get boxes Brandon. We were supposed to get a bunch more boxes today And obviously our shipment was short. So I Think they I asked Nick if he wanted me to post another one. He said not until They know what's going on with the rest of the cases But once we do obviously we'll have more up. I also think a lot of attention tomorrow is going to be paid towards That football mixer since tomorrow is the first day of football All the filler spots all the fillers that are on the site right now for that big football Mixer guys that is all the spots that are needed. That's every filler spot. So it's consistent That's where you win Because we don't then all of a sudden the ones you don't buy them in all of a sudden you watch those breaks It's like oh I said the only time you buy a high-end team one time is if it's the Second like the second half or the third half. Oh, it's true. I remember Brandon I was I was a customer before I was a before I was a what's it called a Breaker so I mean I had to do the same shit But yeah, the only time you ever buy a big team at once is if it's like the second half of the case and it didn't Didn't have hits in the first half Or the last of a third of a case that didn't have hits in the first two. You know what I mean? Maybe if it doesn't have any in the second half or the third half at least you can be like, oh well Obviously didn't miss anything the first half if you bite in the first half of something doesn't go in the second This is the last third. Yeah, and she does love the Patriots And she buys into ever the buys a Patriots and everything. So yes You are correct in that There's another guy like loves the Steelers and typically he's like the first one to grab the Steelers and everything other dude with the Bears Typically the first one to grab the Bears Yeah, the more popular your team is the harder it is for you to get your team all the time But I think I think not only does she love the Patriots. I think she loves Tom Brady as well So you'll regularly see her.  Tell me the best Jonathan, you know that I mean, you also got a thing for her Brandon too Like if she buys the Patriots in all the breaks, right? I would like a product and then like we do like a random team of a product and we pull a Tom Brady auto like Patriots auto and that to her it's like shit, you know They are a minor league team, which is why there's a good team to buy because they have so many prospects And they have so many top 100 interested to see if Rex or anybody else saw their saw their farm system rankings before and after all the trades I would assume their farm system had to like take a massive jump up the charts After getting everybody that they did cool. Good luck guys last three boxes of The case see if we can find a marvel to finish it off Barry Sanders no helmet Tom Brady buck Patriots Brandon lots of it Patrick Mahomes chiefs Mark Neubauer Darius Leonard no helmet Julian Edmond to 100 for the Patriots Brandon lots of it Chase young no helmet Kylan Hill to 500 for the Packers Angel Acevedo Jalen Hurts no helmet Drew Brees no helmet Seyquan Barclay no helmet and Carson Wentz no name for the Colts Tom Brady no helmet for the Buccaneers. That is Mark Neubauer Kyle Pitts Falcons Brody Vaughn Randy Moss no helmet and Justin Fields for the Bears Shommatic King Henry Derek Henry to 299 for the Titans Ethan Cook And Kyle Pitts again for the Falcons Brody Vaughn Devon C Adams no helmet and DeMarcus Lawrence to 50 For the Cowboys Travis Melbury last spot mojo Trevor Lawrence the rookies Jaguars Shommatic Odell Beckham Jr. No helmet Randy Moss to 100 for the Vikings Angel Acevedo John L. Wayne no helmet. Yeah, the rookies. It's one of my favorite sets Patrick Mahomes. No helmet chiefs Mark Neubauer and Otto is Kenny and Wang Wu running back the rookies to 299 for the Vikings and Angel Acevedo Tom Brady Patriots edition or sorry Buccaneers edition Mark Neubauer Herbert second year for the Chargers Edelman to 75 die cut for the Patriots Brandon Latulip Nameth no helmet for the Jets Aaron Donald no name for the Rams Mac Jones elite series Patriots Brandon Latulip Alvin Kamara no helmet Josh Jacobs no helmet Jonathan Taylor no helmet Larry Roundtree to 500 for the Chargers Oliver Soria There you go. That's box number four That's what you think Brandon Maybe that's a good thing Maybe that's a good sign for the rest of this case too Alvin Kamara no helmet Brady but Patriots Brandon Latulip Josh Jacobs no helmet and Deandre Swift to 500 for the Lions Nicholas Losis Jonathan Taylor no helmet and Jared Goff to 25 die cut for the Lions Nicholas Losis Aaron Donald no helmet Kyler Murray no helmet Devonta Smith for the Eagles Matthew Hedges Christian McCaffrey no helmet Zach Wilson the rookies for the Jets Matthew Shura Joe Burrow second year Aaron Rodgers no helmet George Kittle no helmet and to 299 Joe Nameth relic for the Jets and Matthew Shura Russell Wilson no helmet Dometric Felton to 500 Cleveland Browns Glen Campbell Adam Thelan no helmet Peyton Manning to 100 for the Colts Sean Maddock Taysome Hill no helmet good old days to a second year for the Dolphins Dak press got no helmet And Nico Collins is our second auto. This is box number five 25 out of 99 for the Texans Nicholas Losis Justin Fields bears Sean Maddock Tom Brady retro series Patriots Brandon lots of it Deandre Swift no helmet and Russell Gage the Falcons out of 50 Brody Vaughan Jalen Ramsey no helmet and Chubba Hubbard no name for the Panthers Larry Fitzgerald no helmet Josh Allen no helmet Brady Buccaneers Mark Newbauer Brett Farve and Jonathan Taylor to 500 for the Colts Sean Maddock Izzy Brody Show your face Mac. Oh, they are not mark. It's just a photo variation Um, I guess it's pretty much running like one per pack So I don't know how much of a short print it is at all. You know what I mean? That's also what makes me not want to have young Oh, who is my kicker it way Russell Gage is the wide receiver number two I don't know how good that offense is really going to push this much Devonte Adams no helmet Packers and Looks like our final auto potentially is Tyrell Williams four out of 50 for the Detroit Lions and Nicholas Losis Like can't really be that good of an offense. Are they gonna really? You know even get in position Odell Beckham, Jr. For the Browns no helmet Jamar Chase the rookies bangles Sean Maddock Hurts second year and John L. Way. No helmet Devonte Smith for the Eagles Matthew Hedges and No name Aaron Rodgers for the Packers Herbert second year for the Chargers and Patrick Mahomes No helmet for the Chiefs and Mark Newbauer Shaquille Griffin die cut to 75 for the Seahawks and Angel Acevedo Derek Henry no helmet Titans Trevor Lawrence the lead series rookie Jaguars Sean Maddock Joe Namath no helmet. Yeah, but I mean I also remember young Hoku was a kicker on the Chargers and I Guess like I don't know. Is he really that accurate from that far out at this point? I hope so now that I've drafted them Jalen Hurts actually is on two of my teams now Eagles Matthew Hedges. I Was auto drafted him in one two Drew Brees no helmet and Travis Etienne for the Jaguars Sean Maddock Shaquille Griffin to 100 for the Seahawks and Angel Acevedo say Kwam Barkley no helmet for the Giants and To a relic to 299 for the Dolphins Travis Melberg this year for us Only missed one. I wonder what his average average kick length was That'll give me a little bit more Confidence and leg strength for the year Tom Brady Buccaneers Mark Newbauer. No helmet Tom Brady press-proof. No helmet Buccaneers as well Mark Newbauer Randy Moss Vikings no helmet and Timmy Fahoko to 500 for the Cowboys That is Travis Melberg Lamar Jackson no helmet and Cadarius Tony out of 89 Nice one there for the Giants and Matthew Hedges That's the parallel that's numbered to the Jersey number only Okay, Brandon and everybody else in the chat with your teams Let's close it out with a big nice low numbered die cut to finish it off for your teams. Good luck guys Tom Brady Buccaneers Mark Newbauer Cadarius Tony for the Giants and Matthew Hedges For sure mark. Yeah Joe Burrow no helmet. Yeah, those are typically only one per case So Baker Mayfield no huddle or sorry. No helmet Leviska-Chanalt to 500 for the Jags Shawn Matic Barry Sanders. No helmet Jamar Chase for the bangles Shawn Matic Darius Leonard. No helmet That is no name Randall Cobb for the Texans Tom Brady Buccaneers Mark Newbauer Chase young no helmet and it goes out with a fizzle not with a bang Do a little quick recap for you guys Okay, so our recap of autos and low super low number stuff Ty Tyrell Williams to 50 Jared Goff to 25 die cut Nico Collins to 99 and Kenny and Gwang-Woo to 299 Josh Palmer to 99 and CJ Hamm out of 10 Alvin Kamara 25 Jacob Harris out of 299 and Dwayne S. Gridge out of 2 or out of 99 as well One two three four Five and six autos for these six box break Last thing we need to do is give away $1,000 in break credit. So let's pop back over here to the randomizer Remember if you had two or more teams you're entered to win two teams one entry two teams The four teams two entries six teams three entries etc and top two names each $500 in break credit So I'm gonna copy the customer list from Patrick down to Patrick Over to a separate spreadsheet And alphabetize So Angel with four gets to four gets to Arthur Brandon Brody David Ethan Gerald Glenn Co use Kiyosuke, thank you all for getting in No entries for you mark gets one Matthew gets one Matthew S. Thanks for getting in no entry for you Nicholas and Oliver. Thanks for getting in Patrick with four gets to Peter thanks for getting in Sean with four gets to and Travis with three gets one spot But we'll use your last spot mojo spot to see if that can bring you some extra love So Angel down to Travis. We got ten entries here dice roll top two names after Six and a six twelve times. Good luck $500 in break credit to each of the top two 12th and final time Nicholas Travis last spot mojo did get it for you Travis. Congrats 12 times on the randomizer Nicholas and Travis There you go guys. Congrats $500 in break credit to each one of you. Thank you both for getting in on this and congrats There you go guys. That was 2021 Panini Don Russ football six-box break pick your team number three from jaspyscasebreaks.com I'm Sean jaspyscasebreaks.com. Thanks for hanging out. We'll see you next time


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