So thank you, and as I was saying earlier, it's an interesting ship from this morning to this afternoon and the question seems at some point the rhetorical question of who do you like more your father or your mother the top down or the bottom up and in a way It's the absurdity of the question It's it's it's played out itself in the decisions of planning every day And I'm going to try to show some of the conflicts that in Latin American cities these top-down approaches have have represented in terms of both physical and spatial Issues, but but in a way what I'm also going to try to open up is a discussion of whether this Gap between top down and bottom up is really useful for us as a language and as a mechanism to discuss projects of cities and and of course we know a kind of a big white guy with a Stick and pointing at a big model as a planner standing next to a politician is Conditions in a quantum of what top-down means but but in a way we come to almost In a cartoonish way represent this debate between the most essence of the world and the Jacobs of the world And I think this is kind of a useless Who do you like more your mother or father? But but in a way the elephant in the room in the context of Latin America goes back to what Alejandro mentioned earlier Which has to do with inequity and the way that poverty on the one hand we've had in Impressive urbanization and incredibly fast urbanization, but at a task that has been in a way on Resolved and the issue of language which have we have been exploring I brought this side This is a panel that we made ten years ago for the Rotten but Dan Biennale and he talks about citizens and he talks about concepts we we tend to Favorite globalization and we tend to imagine that free flow of goods and people are good But when they move from north to south we call them tourists when we move south to north We call them refugees workers or immigrants But in a way this has become the new citizens of the new cities of the of the contemporary cities and the places where these these represent conflict and these two diagrams Torres Garcia's drawing of Our north is the south on the right side and the Corbyus years of which I love the he draws New York And he says Pathetical paradox and one of sight is the possibility of a new of a new city in a way represent the challenges of Latin America Latin America is an a territory for your urban speculation for more than 500 years From the loss of indies to to this idea over the 20th century Which is have we done planning or have we done big projects and the big projects more probably represented by the by the cases of Brasilia and a Kind of symbolic move to imagine that Architecture and planning could resolve the problems of national identity of citizenship of participation of housing But also this is replicated all over from projects of education such as a national universities. This is Caracas, Venezuela This is a case of Mexico City again a lot of our suits only white men pointing at a model In the national campus in in Mexico City, but the same goes for almost every other aspect This is what has been called the exuberance of modernity Let the exuberance of modernism without modernity So this is a gap which I think it's problematic and something which we should address Where there is a case of housing 13,000 housing units on in Lattelolco Only three different typologies or similar projects is all over South America But but in a way it this goes back to this issue of the heroic F Scott Spigero has this phrase show me a hero and I'll write you a tragedy brilliantly taken by David Simons in his in his in his recent HBO program about segregation in junkers and and in In the 1950s movie Los Olvidados or the Forgotten Ones by Buñuel There's this moment. There's actually a brilliant two-minute manifesto on urbanity at the beginning of the movie and For every moment of development of the city for every moment of large-scale planning. There is always the Forgotten Ones there's always the losers of of Urbanization and this in a way begs the question can we imagine better ways? during the 1980s and 90s during the 80s and 90s the processes of Liberalization and the regulation what we have called kind of a political economy Neoliberalism in a way is nothing more than what John and Alejandro have mentioned which was bad design bad regulatory frameworks and non nonpatient capital Cases such as Santa Fe in Mexico City But even the case of Puerto Madero, which we could say or argue whether it is a success or not as a real-estate venture as a piece of a city or as something else And we have to to be critical of how these efforts to substitute planning as a kind of a state move through other Mechanisms it has been successful or not Sir Peter Hall which has which wrote this fantastic book great planning disaster could probably write ten additional tones on Latin America planning disasters and I have pointed to three kinds of failures what I call the failures in conceptualization in Never understood me the power of stupidity or perversion Keller is Easterling has has defined it that the stunning political success of stupidity We do not learn or even if we learn we replicate the mistakes The cases of the elevated highways in Mexico City But that's now being replicated in over six additional cities in Mexico and all over Latin America When we know that this only caters to one out of four people moving in the metropolis So it's a bad allocation of resources even in the case of economy. It's bad economics the cases of trying to replicate examples which have a uniqueness like kind of building a high line and privatizing it for a shopping mall in the middle of Mexico City such as a corridor cultural chapulte peck which brought a kind of a picket movement as it is as participation Which stopped the project so or even doing a new house man project such as the agonial Surin Buenos Aires, which is sort of evicting And moving and drawing a boulevard again through a city is really that our understanding of the contemporary city And it's really that our understanding of planning the second failure has to do with processes And it has to do with it. How do we communicate and who do we how do we allocate the resources? And it connects to two issues that have been mentioned the notion of adjacencies and the notion of identities which came forward in the panel Yesterday and this is our lot. These are lost opportunities where there is the Olympics Planning in Rio where there is Porto maravillas well in Rio and who the question that Joan close was saying is Who is in charge of what in terms of these processes is crucial because this is creating Not a reduction of the gap but actually an increase of the gap the same goes for the Mexico City Airport We're even to this day. We are not sure how we are going to get to that airport and and It's a it's it's really beyond laughable It's actually dramatic and the third kind of projects is failures in implementation and Arab and I mentioned that the most difficult asset is not actually capital But it's actually coordination even good projects and good ideas such as VRT is like the one in like Transantiago Maybe face or even the serritos airport of Projecting in in Santiago as well Which may be good ideas of identification of good public transportation bad implementation can create a toxic grammar or even these rise of the of a Smart seat is weathering while a lahara creating it in the center of the city or in Porto Alegre It is said the story goes that Corbusier draw this this plan from Rio from the airplane And it seems that sometimes these firms are right are drawing from the airplanes traveling in from London, New York City LA or Miami and somehow they're dropping kind of tiny bombs not that Unlike the ones that case mentioned I like to propose three ideas in the minute I have one of them is that we should move beyond the top down to discuss the issues of scale Can we actually find moments of success? beyond The idea that we think that planning operates here the top down at the large scale and imagine that planning can have movement to these moments of Of a smaller scale and even click getting closer to the bottom up We could feel this with a with a multiple multiple projects The second idea has to do with thresholds of participation We cannot the city in itself is a capital production So we have to imagine how the private sector and the social sector participate in this notion of of The large-scale planning and though we clearly understand that this is not planning the shopping mall in Puerto Madero is not planning Or even we could say that in the pedestrianization of streets is not necessarily has a strategic nest that we may desire of planning We need to move somehow to places where we can have a combination of a different bank for the buck in terms of participation And finally, which is something that Rahul Merotra has mentioned has to do with the thresholds of time between the fixed and the flexible between the instant and the long term and Maybe what I'm I'm saying is that maybe we should move from this idea top bottom to this idea of oblique planning And maybe we should pick up on what I consider one of my personal heroes in terms of planning. I know it is not Hank Obing It is a Brian, you know producer dash artist and in his oblique strategies He proposes 105 aphorisms to produce ideas to get out of Difficult creative problems some of them and I just selected six of them seem very relevant in terms of our efforts to Reimagine the new task for planning and especially for top-down planning make more mistakes faster Let's not focus on one big mistake. Do nothing for a long as possible emphasizes is difference. Is it finished? Which goes back to Richard's comment use unqualified people do not trust the experts listen to the quiet boys Ask your body and I would add the last one which Abdul Malik Simone beautifully put is one thing is not one thing Thank you very much Jose that was a great presentation and as you come and sit down I don't want to question so much as rather and no response But perhaps to put something on the table for us to pick up on later We've already asked the question about what are the limits of design and What your presentation really invoked for me is a wider question, which we've nudged in Different sessions which is about the relationship between the building of the city and Democracy whether that's about elected democracy or any other form of democracy Can we just come back to that question because your provocation of we we we when we don't know who we are Begs that very question all the time so let's come back to it because I think others will have lots to say Thanks


So, I'm going to start drawing part of a stratigraphic column here. So, each one of these bars is 50 centimeters, and I'm going to start at the bottom of this bar and draw it. So, I have one meter, and this is nicely labeled, FACES A, which is described down here. So, we have one meter, and it has some gravel in it. So, I'm going to draw a line like this, and I'll show the lithology. It has some scattered pebbles here. Then we have about half of one of these lines of FACES D, and then some more of FACES A. So FACES D is mostly sand, but with a little bit of the gravel in it. I'm going to draw it on my column with the grain size showing sand, but when I fill it in, I'm going to represent that it has some pebbles by drawing a pebble like that. We have another half of meter of FACES A, which has the gravel, so I will draw that. Then we have FACES D for about a meter, and the way it's sketched here, I think that the lower part is finer grained, and then there's the surface, and it gets coarser grained again. So I'm going to capture that by having some finer sand and then some coarser sand. Coarser sand has a few pebbles, but not very many. So I'll put a couple pebbles in there, and some dots to represent the sand. I should also label the FACES, so we can label this one FACES A, and then both of these are FACES D. Now I have, it looks like about half the distance of that line represents FACES A, and if I go down this way, it is much, much thicker.  So I'm actually going to draw that as it's thinning, so it needs to go out to the gravel. Then what we can do is, because it pinches out all the way over here, and it looks like it's maybe a meter thick over here, I'm going to draw some dots. And then that triangle suggests that it varies in thickness laterally along the outcrop. Then right here we have a pretty consistent layer of FACES E, which doesn't have the conglomerate or the pebbles in it. So that would go up to two and a half meters here, and it actually is a pretty constant thickness. It sort of thickens a little bit here. So I'm going to draw it, this going to the sand, and this one doesn't have pebbles in it. So even though the grain size is similar to this one before, it's thick enough to be called a new FACES. I'm not sure that this lower part here might also be FACES E. So I'll put an E for FACES E, and then we go into FACES B, which is pretty irregular. So we can say that that goes up to, let me make sure I'm not losing anything. So we have one meter, two meters, three meters. It goes up to three plus a little bit. And that one has these big black areas, which I'm not sure what they are. But I'm going to guess that they are breccia clasts. So I'm going to make it a little bit coarser because it has a lot of those clasts. So we have some sand, we have some clasts, we have whatever these black things are.  So then from here, I'm going to let you finish the second part of this stratigraphic column. One thing I am going to add to what I have already is that these arrows are showing this place where this bed of FACES A cuts out. And so I think that that's probably an erosion surface. And so if I was going to draw the erosion surface in here between those two beds, I would add a wavy line. So basically, I can, with my FACES E symbols over here, the nice thing about doing it digitally. And then I'm going to draw my wavy line between them to show that I think that that's an uncomformity. So that's how I might draw it if I was actually in the field. So thanks for watching.


Now for most Nigerians, cycling ends with childhood, but the benefits of this recreational activity are enormous. Some Nigerians are now showing renewed interests in cycling. African Sophia Foundation is a non-governmental foundation. The NGO is encouraging Nigerians of different ages to embrace this routine activity. It's even pushing for a cycling tool for Nigerians. Daniel Okara, J.M., is Ambassador UNESCO Nigeria and we have him joining us live tonight on the show, viasom. Thank you for joining us. Good evening. Thank you very much. Okay, cycling. When I first heard about these from you, I thought, well, I personally don't know how to ride a bicycle, let alone go professional cycling. What brought this interest to you? What brought you into this passion? Well, like you clearly said, cycling, but the major focus of what we're about to do, the African Sophia Foundation, in collaboration with the United Nations Economic and Social Council Nigeria, what we are trying to do is we are putting together an African Unity and Sustainability Summit. Now, this African Unity and Sustainability Summit themed regional integration, diversity, and environmental sustainability. It's anchored on two different or three different sectors. One is the Pan-African Progressive Aspiration, the African Agenda 2063, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 that calls for Pan-African Unity in the midst of diversity. The second anchor is the Global Green Goals of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, which calls for healthy living, which calls for an environment with lesser carbon emission, which calls for an environment with lesser cars, but we think of alternative transportation, which is the cycling. And most importantly, we know that cycling is a sport, and this particular sport is not as announced and celebrated like every other sport like the football or the basketball. Cycling is one of, I as a medical practitioner, I can tell you several benefits of cycling, several health benefits of cycling, but we wouldn't go down to that, but that is basically what we are trying to put together. Okay, in other words, you're also looking at reducing the greenhouse effect carbon emission. Are you also aware that there are now hybrid cars being developed every day? So how are you looking to sell this idea of cycling as a celebrated mode of transportation to people in this time and age, when there's a challenge there where there are vehicles who are being developed to run on water? Yes, very, very correctly, there are hybrid vehicles, there are electric vehicles. Now we are not campaigning for cycling to be the number one mode of transportation. No, okay. We are looking at cycling as an alternative mode of transportation, and if you follow through with the program we are putting together, transportation is not the highlight of what we are doing. The highlight of what we are doing is to raise awareness for a sustainable environment, to raise awareness for a greener environment, to raise an awareness for a healthier way of living life. So it goes beyond just transportation. Transportation is just one of it, but most importantly, we are not campaigning for cycling to be the most or the main mode of transportation, but rather an alternative mode of transportation. Amazing. Okay, I get you. All right. Oh, it's like you want to achieve two goals with one idea there. While you want people to embrace cycling as a form of exercise or rather it's already a form of exercise, why you want it to be embraced more popularly, you also want to create awareness through cycling in people to be conscious of the greenhouse effect and to play their role in reducing the carbon emission. Fantastic. Okay. Now you said something earlier that caught my attention, that using cycling to unify Africa. Break it down. How do you want to go about this? So okay, if you're very, I know a lot of people will be familiar with Le Tour de France. So the idea of the cycling competition we're about to put together came from Le Tour de France. So basically what we are trying to do is we're trying to bring people together. People cut across Africa to come together in Nigeria to come and cycle. Afterwards, we entertain them with the summit and educate them most importantly with the African Unity and Sustainability Summit. The cycling is just like a highlight of what we're trying to push out there. The cycling is just to bring young people together, to bring everybody in Africa together and say, okay, look, let us cycle together as one big Africa. Because in Africa, all that we need at the moment is unity. Just as much as we need it in Nigeria, we need unity cut across Africa. And when unity is taken as the most important thing we need, trust me, Africa will be one of the greatest continent we have here in the world. Africa will be one of the greatest continent that it already is. We'll live and show it's serve as one of the greatest continent that it already is. Okay, now you're beginning to sell that idea to me and it's looking really appealing. But again, the last time I cycled was as a child, I don't think I can do it again. Yet, I'm interested as a person. Now, take me as an example. You have someone who is watching you right now and who is picking interest in this loadable project, but doesn't even know how to cycle. So what's your advice to them? Okay, in a situation like that, no offense taken, but it is a sport. Not everybody in particular is familiar with every sport. There are some people who don't know how to play football. It doesn't stop the FIFA World Cup from happening. There are people who don't know how to play basketball. It doesn't stop basketball competitions from going on. There are a lot of, so many of us down here don't even know how to play cricket. Cricket still goes on. So the idea is not to try and create a competitive environment. No. The idea is to call on people who know how to cycle. Come, let us cycle and let us campaign for a healthier, a greener environment. So, but, you know, one thing about cycling is it is a sport that is open to every individual. It is not gender specific. And that is the most important thing. Cycling is not gender specific, is not age specific. We have little children who cycle as well. So that is the beauty of what we are trying to do. We are trying to bring both professionals and amateurs to come together and cycle, not on a competitive basis, but on the campaign for a greener and healthier environment for us. In a few seconds, I'm running off. This is my last question to you, my very last question.  As a medical practitioner, I know that cycling is very beneficial to health. You want to mention some of the health benefits of cycling? Now, one of the health benefits of cycling, most importantly, first of all, is your heart rate. Your heart rate is very important, generally. So any sport that has to do with your physical involvement is very important for the body. And cycling is one of the sports, among other sports, that involves every single part of your body. Every single part of your body. So it is very, very, very beneficial. Maybe next time, whenever I come up with life, I would educate you all more on how beneficial it is to your health, down to your bone marrow. Thank you very much for your time. I would have loved to have you for much longer, but this is the much we can take with you tonight. Thank you very much. We wish you all the best in your endeavors.


The pre-Socratic tradition in the history of Western philosophy was called so not only because each member lived and wrote sometime prior to Socrates, but also because their topics of choice differed fundamentally from what we would come to know as the Socratic ideal. There were many memorable names among them, Democritus, Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Parmenides, and Petticles to name a few, but first among them, we are told, is Thales. Most of his accreditation as the first European philosopher comes from Aristotle, who believed this to be the case due to him being the first to conceive and suggest a single material substratus for the universe. Like most of the pre-Socratic philosophers, very little is known of the man, and since he left no writings behind, what we do know hails from various philosophers and historians, none being contemporary. Now, let us begin by painting, if only abstractly, a brief picture of his biography. Then we may move on to his beliefs regarding astronomy, mathematics, and philosophy. He was born a descendant of noble blood in the Ionian city of Meletus, located in Asia Minor. We are told by Herodotus that he was a practical statesman who advocated for the federalization of the Ionian cities located in the Aegean region. He never married owing to his desire to avoid the worry of children, or so he once told Salon, but later in life he had a change of heart and adopted his nephew Sivithus. We also have information that he belonged to the highly respected Seven Wise Men, or Seven Sages. These Seven were said to be the wisest in the ancient world, and enough acclaim came from this association that his name echoed throughout the Aegean as worthy of remembrance. In our last bit of biographical knowledge, we are told by Apollodorus of Athens that his life ended during the 58th Olympiad. Those are not present, but consensus leads us to believe that it was heat stroke which caused his death. He was some 78 years old at the time. What sets Thales apart from those European minds before him was that rather than falling into the prevailing dogmas of his day, he instead considered deeply what he observed and gave the best of his abilities to ferreting out what lay beneath and behind their being. The early pre-Socratic tradition of taking a single element as inborn and essential to the rest begins here with Thales. Water is best, he tells us, thinking that all things were of its creation. Let Aristotle explain. Thales, the founder of this school of philosophy, says the permanent entity is water. Presumably he derived this assumption from seeing that the nutriment of everything is moist, and that heat itself is generated from moisture and depends upon it for its existence. He derived his assumption from this, and also from the fact that seeds of everything have a moist nature, whereas water is the first principle of the nature of moist things. In terms of our planet's structure, he believed it to be a flat disk floating on a colossal body of water, attributing the earthquakes he experienced as but the passing of waves beneath the planet. No mention was given as to what lay beyond this body of water. It was also reported by Aristotle that Thales was a Hylozoist, meaning that he held a belief that all things are full of gods, or that they have souls, and thought the magnet an obvious example of this due to its capacity to move iron and other materials. Mathematics too was in his domain, and from what we know of him, the most significant of his scientific contributions. From the information reported to us, we may say that there were five geometric theorems which Thales was given credit. For example, he found that opposite angles formed by intersecting straight lines are equal. This seems self-evident, but we must view the world in terms of his lens, where Western mathematics was in its infancy. There are some related stories which demonstrate the practical uses by which he used his novel conclusions. The first was to aid navigation by sea. Kalamakis, the Greek poet, scholar and librarian, reports that he warned sailors against using the constellation Ursa Major for navigational purposes, and instead recommended the utilization of Ursa Minor. He was also able to calculate the distance of shore from any ship at sea and determine accurately the height of the Egyptian pyramids. His use of astronomical knowledge also extended to predicting future events which some had significant ramifications. During a decisive battle between the Medes and Lydians, 585 BCE, he was said to have, like the later Columbus, predicted the occurrence of the total solar eclipse, and in so doing, putting a stop to the battle. There is also an incident where Thales, preferring to live simply, was questioned. Why if you are so clever, do you have little money? His response would be to predict accurately the specifics of the upcoming olive harvest. This he did in order to demonstrate that if he wished it, he could earn an ample sum of coinage. We find here a window into what Thales thought to be the best life for him. These stories, while interesting, are likely only half-true. Herodotus and modern scholars agree that his exact prediction of this eclipse was impossible. Though Herodotus does credit him with its approximate prediction, meaning he predicted the year and not the exact date of its occurrence. While not as legendary, this feat certainly deserves our respect and admiration. Not many of us could predict an eclipse, even if only which year it will occur, without the aid of the Internet. The significance of the man we call Thales was not only in his crown as the first Western philosopher, but more importantly for the spirit he embodied, different from that of not only his peers, but the entire known Western tradition until that time. Where as others accepted the world around them as the work of God's omnipresent hand, or hands, and events as their incomprehensible actions, Thales bravely passed on to seeing it as something human beings could understand. We might say that he served as the Jacob's ladder between the realms of the Divine in our own here on Earth. It was common practice in the tradition of early European thought to accredit some well-known individual with the achievements of lesser-known individuals, and many of Thales' discoveries may fall under this umbrella. We shall probably never know. Also, it is clear that many of these stories are undoubtedly inaccurate, or simply fabrications, but what is certain is the legacy left behind. So let us add our name to the chorus of voices, ready and willing to give our admiration and gratitude to the man who is credited with starting the Western Philosophic tradition. As always, thank you for talking philosophy with me. Until next time.


I'm going to reload that.  So it's been running for 38 minutes. So actually, it might be done. Indeed. So if you got your job started, when mine does, or within a few minutes of it, you can see that the two alignment jobs are done, and the two BAM to BigWig jobs are done. But the quantitation from RSAM is not done yet. Maybe yours is done, if you got it done the first time. So we can look here in this sort of graph plot that Seth was showing for the chip seek one. So the RSAM right can't even start until the star finishes. So you can see in this here, you can actually see it lists all the inputs for all the steps, which is overwhelming, I know, in all the outputs. But sometimes you need this. Otherwise, you can look at it. And so this, I'm holding my hand, you can see it. This is just a bunch of numbers. If you wanted to look at that, that's what that JSON formatted string was. I just thought I would bring it up again. So we're going to go to this step here. So it doesn't matter a whole lot which one you pick, since they both are BigWigs and they both be visualizable. But if you want to follow on exactly, you'll want to pick the BigWig stranded that was generated by star, which will be the one that was started immediately after star finished. And top hat, as you can see, took maybe 50% longer. So if you just click on that, there's one way to get there. So now for this individual step, so the step which is run the output, you can see the input here is the star genome BAM. Again, we have the chromosome sizes, which it needs in order to calculate the BigWigs. And so as I mentioned before, there's four different BW or BigWig files that were created by this step. And it's four because it's a stranded calculation. If it was done with unstranded, then there would just be two. There would be an all and a unique, but we have a plus strand all, minus strand all, plus strand unique only, minus strand unique only. I'm just going to go ahead and do the plus all. So what we're going to do is I'm going to tell you ahead of time and then walk it through. So we're going to get a download URL from DNAnexus. We are not going to download the file. It's not going to work. It's too big. But we're going to just cut and paste that URL into the Santa Cruz genome browser, just as Pauline showed as an example yesterday. And it should be only a few steps. You can see as the file is, this is a very small big wig file. It's only a small chunk of the genome. But it's still a megabyte, and there's 300 of you, so it's not going to work. So this file is selected. You can tell because it's blue, and it's got a check mark. Everyone with me so far on this part? Or if you don't have a file, then you can follow along later. We're going to click Download, which doesn't download the file. It gives you an option to download the file later. You can click Get URL. Don't download it. I don't know how the thing will tolerate it, the wireless. So this gives you a temporary URL, which is, and note that it decays. Because as somebody asked earlier, if you're dealing in PHI information, this is now a live link to your file. I don't know how that works. So just be a little careful about this. Right, warning. Anyone with this link can access this file. It does go away in 24 hours. So I'm just going to clover click, copy the link address, right? Now I had some issues with Santa Cruz, so I'm going to try this one here. Now we go to just the genome browser page. I think that this is the default page, the gateway, if you just go to sanacruz.ucsc.edu. And we're going to click Add Custom Tracks. Get a paste in that URL with clover v. That's it. Like it actually can read it. Let's read it again. Make sure we're not doing the wrong one, right? So chromosome 21 hemi, star genome plus all. Submit that. Takes a second as Santa Cruz makes a connection to the DNA nexus system, which goes to Amazon, which then ships the file back. And faster than you can say it, there it is, right? So it's got my file in this Custom Tracks. I'm just going to go to the genome browser. And it's actually there in the top in a format that's hard to read, but it's a little easier to see if you go to Custom Tracks here. I'm not the browser expert, but I can click Full. Refresh that. That refresh button. You can see RNA-seq of superoxide dismutase. OK. Maybe it wasn't that abrasive. Coincidentally, SOD happens to be on chromosome 21. And that's the UC Santa Cruz's default position. But also, you can go to another gene like amyloid precursor, which was my other example. Click amyloid precursor. Well, while this is doing its thing, it's always nice to see when your RNA-seq lines up on your exons of your gene. Did you have a bigwig file? Did you get a bigwig file?  Oh, it no work, huh? You're on chromosome 11. Oh, if you go to your, I should have mentioned this because I actually forget this all the time.  So you may have to either reset it to HD19, or it can specifically go to view, reset all user settings. Obviously, if you want to keep your user settings, you shouldn't reset them. You shouldn't then figure out how to visualize it on this browser. So this is a no problem, just because it's a couple steps, but they have to be done perfectly. So you probably want to reset. I'll just reset the browser so that you guys know what I'm talking about there. So this now, I'll try to reset the browser if my mouse will cooperate. So you can either go to My Data, Custom Tracks, or if you're on this particular window, you can put Add Custom Tracks. It's a custom track as opposed to a track hub because it's fetching it directly. A track hub requires a little bit more funnesting. I assume you're going to have to set that up yourself. Paste it in here. If we wanted to, we could go back and do this. Repeat this for all the big-wig files or for various things. I'll submit that to upload it again, just wasting bandwidth. So once you're at this case, the Santa Cruz has found your file and decided that it is indeed a big-wig file that you set it to. If we go to the genome browser, it should draw it. Because I reset, it should set me right to SOD again, which is the default gene. But it should work for any gene located in about this central region of chromosome 21, which is about half that I picked. I think it's $12 million to $36 million in coordinates. So how many people here actually got big-wig files out of this? You all deserve a beer after this. What time is it? So people wanted to know how to get a FASCUE file from ENCODE onto DNAnexus. Should I move on to that, or do you guys want to mess with this a little bit more, the browser? Sure. So I think what you want to know is you want to know what's the FPKM value for each gene that you calculated? OK, so that is you. That's from the RSEM output, the quantification files. I think I can show that pretty easily here. If I can pick my right window here. So this link has expired, so we'll close it. So I'm going to go back to the, oh, look. It looks like my job is done. There's no number one here anymore. So that means my job is finished. Look, ran successfully. So the quantitation RSEM output, quantitation step, has two output files. And they're both tab-delimited files, right? Because it's bioinformatics. So this is for every isoform in GenCODE v19, which we inputted it. And this is for just the genes in GenCODE v19, plus the tRNAs as well. And there are no spike-ins in my sample input. But if you do do RNA-seq with spike-ins, then you want to include the spike-ins sequences into your genomes that you are aligning to so that you can quantitate relative to the spike-ins. So I can't really, I don't have a visualization for this kind of file. I mean, it's a 9 meg file. But I think I can preview it, sort of show roughly what this file looks like. It's going to be mostly zeros, because it has an entry for every gene in the human genome. And not all of them are in the middle of chromosome 21. But you can see that it's got, these have funny IDs, because they're tRNAs at the top. I can go down. All zeros. Oh, there we go. There's some genes. Right? So this is the length of the gene. These are still all zeros. If you download, if you get this file, this RSM file, and you download it, it's a little bit tricky because of the format. But if you look for genes that are on chromosome 21 by the ensemble IDs, you can actually get a number. Do we put in the gen code version 19? That's what these IDs are here. This is the ensemble gene ID, and these are the transcript IDs for that gene that it's quantitating across, based on gen code 19. But again, when you, oh, you guys can't read that at all. I'm sorry. This says ENC, ENSG000. And some of these, this one actually looks like it has this little bit of a, no maybe not, still zero. You have to find the ones, because it's a toy example. If you, on your own time, run a real example, it will have values for genes across all the chromosomes, not just 21. That's the output of the RSM, which in this case is just called a results file. It doesn't have a file format. It's just tab delimited. So the header, the first line of the file is a header reporting what, it's essentially, I don't remember all the columns offhand, but it's essentially the ensemble ID of the gene, the comma delimited list of ensemble isoforms, the length, I think another length based metric, and then like FPKM, TKM, something like that. I don't see any frantically waving hands. I thought, because this question came up and it seems timely. So if I wanted to run, let's say I wanted to rerun just, let's say I was really interested in this particular, or okay, here, this is how I'll do it. So this example here is an experiment SR368QPC from Barbara Wald's lab as total RNA-seq on some IPS cells. Let's say I wanted to rerun this experiment, for example. So in order to rerun it on data nexus, I have to get the FASQs from, I don't have the slide, but from Amazon, from our storage system over to there. So what you can do is start on the experiment page, or there are various other ways you can use the search portal, I don't really have time to go into them, where you can find files. I can go back if you do what you want. Down here at the bottom, right, so, right, here are the raw data FASQ files. So they're organized here by biological replicate. You can, this is sortable in this case, and typically for an experiment like this where there's four FASQs for each replicate, then we have a, our system concatenates them all, right? So we have, I have a step that's not in that test pipeline I gave you, which when you give it a list of FASQs, it actually will concatenate all the FASQs and use that as the input. But to get this, instead of, if you click download here, it will actually will download a two gigabyte file, so don't do that. But if I go here, copy this link, similar to getting the files to Santa Cruz, I can go back to my DNN access window. I can click add data. Now there's three ways you can get it here. This is very critical for getting files into DNN access. One is literally I could upload, if I had a FASQ on my laptop here, it would literally just upload it, which would take a while. I can get it from another DNN access project, which is how I got the ones for the demo example. I grabbed them from my, my other folder, or I can get it from a server, which is some URL. I could paste that in there. And since this is not using our local bandwidth, I can go ahead and add the data there and it will start to download it. It will take, this is a big file, so this will not be done in 10 seconds. I can close this and actually you'll see that it's this built in DNN access program called app URL fetcher is running and waiting to connect to my server and download the files there. And there are ways to get in like a large number of files from DNN access. So there's some people who had questions or no. There's a question there.  Okay, can we get the comment line of the, you know, out of this whatever the steps it was done in the pipeline with this first thing? Yes. And we will talk about the third visualize in a moment or because it's showing some errors that the BAI files are not created, so. Right, so we did not build our system to interact with the DNN access visualization. They sort of maintain that independently. And so like the step doesn't actually create BAI file. So that's why I can't visualize the BAM files there. I think that they are working on a couple of ways that they could visualize some of the files that we produce. But there's, it's just not how we do it in, we don't expect people to be, I mean I think that's what you would do if it was your own data in your sense. You could add the index files. We should, I'll have to consider adding an index step or saving the BAM indexes. But it does add up disk space wise so I can do it.  So when I mentioned the applet source, so just to go, here's fine, right? So in here, clicking around a little bit, sorry. Let's just take this star paired N1, right? So just as a, let me know. So in this black box is what DNN access calls an applet. An applet is just a piece of code that is effectively in this case a shell script and then the specific executables that that shell script might need, right? So, and there are various ways DNN access has of getting like top app binaries or star binaries or SAM tools binaries to the virtual machine where it runs. And so if you go to our GitHub for long already seek, you can read these shell scripts and it has the exact command line that we use to run it. It does, you do actually have to be able to read shell script to get that out, right? And I think that we have, yeah, do we, we don't store the command line that we run, right? Oh, it's in the log also. I wonder if it's in that one. Yeah, yeah, that's what I'm gonna see if it's in the log. We'll see. Should be, right? That's still still uploading. So this star one, this goes, because like, hey, I actually say, did anybody's actually job actually crash? Like, did it go red? Did you try to restart it? No? Okay. But you can view one, what the, if you ever are developing your own workflows here on, yes, I actually think this one doesn't have the whole command line. Might though. But when they do fail, what you can do is like, like you were running it on your Linux workstation as you just go read the log file, see what's going on. So this just sort of tells you what's happening. But actually, yeah, this script doesn't, this script doesn't actually report it. I didn't think that it did. But apparently the chip seek ones do tell you the command line. When I look at the R-SAM file, it's a bunch of zeros, can you go over that again? Yes, it's a bunch of zeros because the tiny input that we gave it is only half of chromosome 21. And that applet that we wrote for R-SAM is designed to quantitate across every gene in the gencode file, the whole genome. So if you, you have to do a little bioinformatics because you, if you look through that file with grep or something, or AUK or Perl or Python or find the FPKM columns that are greater than zero or greater than 10. So they are in there, but there's only, I don't know how many genes there are on chromosome 2100. Any guesses? Should we take a bet? It's like jelly beans in a jar. There's more than six. More than 21 too though, that's a good guess too. So the chromosome 21 genes are the only ones, not even all of them, the ones that are in the middle are the only ones that will have any value because to create this fake example, I took a real example and just took the map reads out of it. I hope that was clear. Does anyone here do stuff that's not on mouse or human that they might want to use this for? Okay, because if you may have noticed while we were doing this as we, the only reference genomes we had were for the ones that we'd run. It's because we're not really mandated to run. We have some warm and fly data, we don't do it. If you wanted to create your own indexes, we have the code here, although it's a little bit cryptic how to do it.  But we'll go here. Oh wait, is that the one that ran? Doesn't matter.  Okay, here. So prep top hat, prep star, prep arsem, and merge annotation. These applets, which can be run individually, independent of a workflow, take input and create indexes, right? So for star, right? It takes a transcript GTF file. So like the gencode file that you download is a GTF. It's GZipped. So if you look here, by the way, I didn't go over this, because I was trying to get people through. These actually tell you what type of file extensions are accepted by the applet, because the code in here will actually unzip the file and then run it. It takes a fast day reference genome. It's optional, see how now this one is white as opposed to yellow. So this is an optional spike in RNA sequences, which if you don't have spike ins in your input, you just leave a blank. And then you would just run this applet for whatever strange organism or useful organism you have. And it will generate a tar GZIP file, which is the index for that genome. And you would have to do that for each of the three indexes that you need to create. You can, if you want, also actually modify the workflows and add that so that it runs at the beginning and then run it all at once. So that was a good question. Or that was a good thing like that. I'm not gonna go into making workflows. Think we're about done? You wanna just finish up? Yeah. Yeah.


Now, as gunshots echo across the windswept snow-covered reaches of the wild north-west, Quakerpoth wheat and Quakerpoth rice, the breakfast cereal shot from gun, present the challenge of the Yukon. It's Yukon King, swiftness and strongest lead dog of the north-west, placing the trail for Sergeant Preston of the northwest mounted police in his relentless pursuit of lawbreakers. Un-King, come on with your hushies. Gold, gold discovered in the Yukon, a stampede to the Klondike in the wild race for riches. Back to the days of the Gold Rush, with Quakerpoth wheat and Quakerpoth rice, bringing you the adventures of Sergeant Preston and his wonder dog Yukon King as they meet the challenge of the Yukon. Picture yourself blazing a trail across the windswept snow-covered great northwest. Yes, like Sergeant Preston. Well, sir, you'd appreciate that real stamina calls for a nourishing breakfast. So fortify yourself every morning with a breakfast that includes a heaping bowl full of Quakerpoth wheat or Quakerpoth rice with milk or cream and fruit. Remember, wheat or rice shot from guns gives you added food values of restored natural grain amounts of vitamin B1, niacin, and iron. And delicious, taste them. You just can't beat Quakerpoth rice and Quakerpoth wheat. Sergeant Preston heard the shooting in the woods to the right of the trail and turned off at once. King! King! A few minutes later, on the edge of a clearing, he saw a man crouching behind a tree and he recognized him. It was Barry Ellis, the owner of the Beaver City Inn. There was a cabin in the clearing. As the sergeant stopped the team, the barrel of a rifle showed at the cabin window and a bullet nicked the tree behind which Barry had taken cover. What's up, Barry? One of the men who held up the bank last week. He showed up in town this afternoon. The teller saw him buying supplies. He got away, but we followed him here. The clearing's surrounded? Yes, he can't get away. Hold your fire! I'm coming out with my hands up. Hold your fire! I'll take charge, Barry. The sergeant walked into the clearing as the door of the cabin opened and a man came out. His hands were held high above his head. He walked toward the sergeant. The men from the town left the cover of the trees and closed in on him. You can drop your hands. What's your name? Chick Colby. Where's the teller? Right here, sergeant. You sure this is one of the men who held up the bank? Sure. He was wearing a bandana then. And a different parka, but I recognize him. Where's the money? I don't know. He's badly wounded. You better give him first aid before we try to question him. Oh, wait. I'm done for. But there's something I want to say. There's a boy in that cabin. My young brother, Ted. He's only... only ten. He didn't have anything to do with the robbery. He didn't know anything about it. He... Oh, help me. I've got him, sergeant. Colby dropped to the ground. The sergeant bandaged his wound, and then he was placed on the sergeant's sled. Young Ted walked beside the sergeant as the whole party returned to town. The boy spoke to no one, and the set of his jaw was defiant, but there was a deep misery in his eyes. No tears, though. Not even later in the evening when the sergeant had to tell him his brother had died. I'm sorry, Ted. Are you? Well, not so much for Chick. He knew the chances he was taking. I'm sorry for you. Do you have any family? Chick was my family. Any friends? No, but you don't have to worry about me. I can take care of myself. You have no money, no place to live? I can find a place. Well, perhaps I can help you. Do you like dogs? I don't like your dogs. Not even King here? No. Why not? For the same reason I don't like you. Because you worked for the police. You killed my brother. That isn't true, Ted. Let's leave me and King out of this. As long as they don't work for the police, you'll do like dogs. Sure I do. Well, I have a friend who trains them in Dawson. He could use a helper. Would you like to live at his place and work for him? I don't know anything about training dogs. You could learn? I don't need any help from anybody. It was only a suggestion, son. Does this man work for the police? No, we buy some dogs from him, but he's in business for himself. His name's Tom Gray. Suppose you come back to Dawson and have a talk with him? Do I have to? No, perhaps you'd rather stay here. Ellis might give you a chance. Stay here in this town where Chick was murdered? Well... All right, I'll go with you. But I won't promise anything. There's no reason why you should, until you and Tom have had a talk. Your brother will be buried tomorrow morning. We'll leave right after the funeral. Can I be alone now? Of course, son. Good night. Tad went back to Dawson with the sergeant, and it was a range for him to stay with Tom Gray and help around the kennels. The sergeant and King left on another patrol. When they returned, the sergeant stopped at Gray's to see how the boy was making out. I don't know what to say, really. He's looking much better. He's eating well. He likes the dogs. He like him, too. Ellis, different with me. He's too polite. He always calls me sir. Actually, after what he's been through, you'd expect him to be reserved, but... there's something else. I have a feeling he's waiting for something to happen. Then he isn't accepting this at his home. Far from it. He makes it clear that he's only working here. I feel sorry for him, sergeant. So young, all alone in the world, and still too proud to accept friendship. I hope he's all alone in the world. What? You told me he was. No family, no friends. That's what he told me, but his brother had friends. The man who helped him rob the Beaver City Bank. I'm sure Tad doesn't know where they are right now. If he's dead, he might not stay here a minute. You've found no trace of them. Not yet, but every northwest-mounted post in the territory has their descriptions. I don't believe they've left the Yukon. Why not? Mainly because Chick Colby came back to Beaver City. I don't follow you. Why was he there? He went into the town because he needed food, but why was he anywhere near the place? They had a hard time making their escape after the robbery. They may have hidden the money somewhere and split up. That's my theory anyway. That's why we have Jim Downey on duty there all the time now. Well, I have some reports to write up. Don't you want to see the boy? I saw him out in back. I don't think he wants to see me, Tom. I belong to the force. Well, have a cup of coffee before you leave. All right. Don't mind if I do. It's in the stove. Won't take a minute. Outside, a strange duel was beginning. King had trotted around to the kennels to say hello to his friends. And when he saw Tad, he ran toward him, wagged his tail and barked his recognition. Get away from me. The boy reached down and picked up a rock. He made a threatening gesture at the dog, and King backed away about 10 feet. But he was still wagging his tail. What are you wagging your tail for?  You belong to the sergeant.  You killed my brother. Chick was a wonderful guy, and no matter what they say about him, nothing can change that for me. Get out of here!  But King did not move. The boy's words were bitter. The tone was full of hatred. Still, King paid no attention to them. He was looking at the boy's eyes. They were neither bad nor mean. They were sad, and King whimpered in sympathy with a deep hurt he could read there. He wanted to comfort this boy, this boy that he liked. He wanted to play with him and make him forget his troubles. Why are you staring at me like that? Stop it, and stop wagging your tail.   The boy continued with his work, and King crouched in the snow, watching him. And every time Tad looked in his direction, he would wag his tail. The boy would turn away instantly, but King stayed there until the sergeant called him. King! The boy watched him run around the corner of the house. You.  Well, I won't, see? I won't be friends with you. I won't! During the next week, King and Tad met often on the main street of Dawson, and their attitudes remained the same. King friendly, Tad scornful. Once, as Tad was walking along the street, he saw King following him. He picked up a stick and threw it at the dog, but much too high to hit him. King, however, leaped in the air and caught the stick in his mouth, and the boy, surprised by the skill and grace of the movement, laughed out loud. King ran up at the stick and laid it at the boy's feet. Instantly, Tad's face changed. I knew you were done. I tried to hit you, and you think I'm playing. Well, I don't play with any dog that belongs to the Northwest Monk. The boy started for Grey's cabin. He walked half a block and then looked back. King hadn't moved. When he saw Tad's face, he wagged his tail furiously. Tad turned his eyes to the front at once, but he did not try to control his lips when they broke into a smile. Too bad he belongs to a red coat. It was at the end of that week that a rather young man climbed up a wooded draw on the hill's back of Dawson to a tumbled-down shack. Inside the shack, bull amont lay stretched out on a cot. The canvas sagged under his tremendous weight. As the door opened, he sprang to his feet, quick as a cat. Oh, it's you. Did you get the supplies? Oh, I could buy it. Here. Flour, bacon, beans? Yeah, but not much. Everything's too expensive. Enough for about three days. I know. But I got good news. I found the kid. What kid? Chick, his young brother. What of it? He's not going to get any more food from us now that his brother's dead. He's working for a dog trainer in Dawson. What about it? I still think I'm right. The police haven't found the money. We know that. When we split up outside of Beaver City... We could never let Chick hide the dough. You were in favor of it at the time, and I know why. You didn't want to be caught with it. But I'm going to break every bone in your body. All right, all right. It doesn't matter. That's all over. But Chick did take the money and hide it. We know he was going back to get the kid. And he was supposed to meet us a week later at the cabin outside of Beaver City. Instead, he gets himself killed. The kid was with him in the cabin when he was shot. I have a good hunch that Chick wouldn't give himself up without telling Tad where the money was. You think the kid's got it? No, but I think he knows where it is. I'm going back to town tonight. I'm going to have a talk with him anyway. Yeah. Yeah, that's a good idea. And if he don't want to talk, get tough with him. I can handle Tad. Don't worry about that. That night, just before he went to bed, Tad made a final tour of the kennels. He was just about to return to the cabin when Bud Sterling stepped out of the shadows. Hello there, Tad. Who is it? Bud. Bud, I've been waiting for you. Oh, is that so? Yes, I didn't know how to find you. I didn't even know how to try. I made Chick a promise just before he gave himself up. A promise? I'd show you where he hid the money. Good. Your brother was a square guy, Tad. I know he was. You just tell me and I'll go and get it. I can't do that, but I can lead you there. It's in the woods near the cabin where Chick was shot. All right, then. Come on. I'm ready. No, wait a minute. We're short on food. Can you bring some with you? Well, Tom's still up. He'd ask a lot of questions, but if I wait until he went to sleep... Yeah, that's it. Look, I'll draw you on map. A bull and I are camped in the hills. It isn't far. You meet us just as soon as you can. I'll be there, but you can depend on it. We'll continue our story in just a moment. One, two, three, four. What are we for? Quaker-puffed rice and Quaker-puffed wheat, of course. Yes, the whole family goes for these famous ready-to-serve breakfast cereals. And why? Because they're shot from guns. Both Quaker-puffed wheat and Quaker-puffed rice are shot from guns. Yes, sir. Huge guns are loaded with premium grains of wheat or rice. Then... These choice king-sized kernels are actually exploded up to eight times normal size. That makes them bigger and better tasting. Makes Quaker-puffed wheat and Quaker-puffed rice crisp and tender as nuts in November. They're shot through and through with bang-up nut-like flavor, too. Just take a big, luscious spoonful rich with milk or cream and topped with your favorite fruit. Ah, what a mouth-watering treat! And the best part of it is they're so nourishing. So good for you. Both delicious kinds burnish added food values of restored natural grain amounts of vitamin B1, niacin and iron. So treat yourself to delicious nourishing Quaker-puffed wheat and Quaker-puffed rice. Start tomorrow morning. Now to continue our story. When Bud returned to the shack in the drawer, he and Bull began to pack their few belongings for Peritoy to hitting the trail. Too bad the kid could just tell you where the money was. It's better to have him with us. We'll just have to get rid of him afterwards. What do you mean by that? Guess what I said? It's gonna be tough enough getting out of the territory without having a kid on our hands. Bull, the kid comes with us. Why, you're nuts. He's telling you. He's the time, Chick said to me. Anything happens, Bud. I want you to take care of the kid. I promised.  Hey, uh... the kid wants Chick's share of the money, is it it? You've got any other ideas? I might have. Such as? I can explain them better if you put your hands up. Up with them? Well... The kid don't get any of that money, see? You don't like that, do you? No. Maybe you figure I'm making some trouble. Well, we can talk it over, Bull. Tad doesn't need much. Oh, no. You wanna make trouble, so why should I split with anybody? Bull, start walking, Bud. Outside enough to the top of the drawer. You wouldn't get moving. It was long after midnight when Tad reached the shack. Bull opened the door. Come on in. Oh, Bull. I'll take off my snowshoes first. Did anybody see you leave town? No. Tom didn't wake up, and it's snowing so hard. Well, nobody could follow me. You ready to travel? Sure. I'll be packed in a minute. Are we leaving tonight? Why not? Well, the storm's getting worse. Well, we've got a long way to go. We better get clear of Dawson while it's still dark. Yeah, I guess so. Bull, where's Bud? He won't be coming, will he? He won't. You heard me. But he's got to, Bull. That was part of my promise to Chick. You both had to be with me when I showed you where the money was. Yeah? Well, Bud had some business to attend to. He's going to meet us outside Beaver City. Oh, I guess that's all right. But, but, Bull... And now what? He forgot his knife. They're on the table. Well, that's mine. Oh, it's Bud's. He always used to brag about how good it was. I want it from him on a bet. Now, don't ask so many questions. All right, come on, I'm all sick. Let's go. Sergeant Preston and King were in 40-mile that night, and they waited for the storm to stop before they started back for Dawson the following day. When they reached there, there was a message for the sergeant at the Northwest Mounted Headquarters. From Tom Gray, King, urgent. I got right over there. And so, a few minutes later, the sergeant heard the news. He slipped away in the middle of the night. Took some food and a few clothes. That's all. There was nothing leading up to it? No reason you can think of? No. To tell the truth, I was beginning to feel a little encouraged. I thought he was beginning to like me and to accept this as his home. You noticed him talking to one of his strangers? No. I've been on the lookout for something like that. Well, we'll try to find him, Tom. I've tried already. There's no one better at following a trail than old Bess. Not even King. I had her out first thing this morning. The storm was too bad. They showed up finally. I'm sure of that. The man who robbed the bank with his brother? Yes. King, you and I are going to Beaver City, boy. Well, I hope you find him, Sergeant. He's a good boy. Whatever he's done, whatever he's doing that's wrong, that's because he's still loyal to his brother. I can't blame him for that. I can't either, Tom. We'll do our best to bring him back. Let's go, King. The sergeant and King reach Beaver City the following night. And then, for the next two days with Corporal Downey, they made a systematic search of the forests surrounding the town. There was no sign of Tad. On the evening of the second day, King burrowed in the snow and went to sleep with the other dogs in the run back of the inn. He awoke at 12 o'clock. The night was quiet, and the sky was bright with the northern lights. King stood up and shook himself. Then he trotted back and forth for several minutes. There was no explanation for the compulsion that gripped him. Suddenly, he whirled, ran the full length of the run at top speed and leap for the top of the fence. He scrambled over and dropped to the ground on the other side. Then he ran through the sleeping town and out into the forest. Two miles away, Tad and Bull were sitting close to their campfire. We're going to turn in after we eat, aren't we? No. But we're pretty close to town now. I'm one of these closer, isn't it? But we've got to wait for Bud. Where are we supposed to meet him? He should have been here by now. We can't wait any longer for him. We haven't waited at all. Too dangerous. We'll get the money and he can catch up with us later. No. That isn't the way chicks sit. I'm giving the orders. I won't show you what it is. Yes, you will. Full, full, my air. Quick, quick, full. It's time you got things straight, kid. Bud won't be showing up here at all. He's dead. Dead? I killed him. I shot him. And you get the same treatment if you don't do just what I say. You're going to show me where that money is tonight.  Nothing. There's nothing to stop me right now. Then you won't get the money. You do what I say and you'll live. Try to get away, try any tricks and... What's that? King was standing just inside the circle of light cast by the campfire. King. A wolf, my rifle. No, don't shoot him. It isn't a wolf. It's only a dog. Get out of the way. I won't let go of that barrel. I'll shoot right through you. Go ahead. I don't care.  Dog, huh? But as Bull leveled the rifle, King was off and away. The bullet grazed his flank. He had reached the cover of the trees before Bull could fire again. The great dog ran as he had never run before. And when he reached the trail, he shot forward like a silver arrow. Ten minutes later, he was throwing himself against the door of the inn. The landlord opened the door. King, what is it? Hey, King, come here. King shot past him through the inn's lounge and down the corridor leading to the sergeant's bedroom. What's wrong, King? He came charging in like something possessed Sergeant. Tell Jim to get dressed in a hurry. I think he's found tad. All right, Sergeant. All right, boy. I'll be ready in a minute. The Sergeant and Corporal Downey followed King out of town at a run. A mile down the trail, King stopped and lifted his nose into the breeze. Oh, what boy? Not far from the cabin where Chick was captured. King moved into the forest, but slowly now. Come on, Jim. I'm with you, Sergeant. The two men followed the dog. At the edge of a clearing half a mile away, tad was climbing down from a tree. It was hard work because of the canvas bag in one hand. But at last, he dropped to the ground. Here it is. Good. Bull leaned his rifle against the tree to take the bag. Let's see. Yeah. Yeah, it's all here. Close to 20,000. 20,000. As the man counted the money, the boy edged closer to the rifle. He reached out slowly. His hand grasped the barrel. The rifle was heavy, but he managed to point it at Bull. Put your hands up, Bull. Why you? Keep back. I'll shoot if I have to.  You can have it all. Just get out of here. Go on. I'll take that rifle first. With one hand, Bull knocked the rifle out of tad's grasp. With the other, he knocked him sprawling into the snow. Now I'll finish up this business. The bullet's the best way to do it. Bull reached to pick up the rifle. His hand was on the stock. When a silver ball of fury hit him hard and knocked him to the ground, it was King. But for a man of his tremendous bulk, Bull could move fast. He knocked King off his back. He sprang to his feet in time to face the sergeant. I'll take care of him, King. Just guard the rifle. There's no man alive who can handle me with his frisk. The sergeant was half out of his parka. Bull's right crashed against his jaw and knocked him to the ground. Bull rushed forward to jump on the sergeant, but the sergeant was too fast. He managed to free himself of his parka and leap aside. Bull's rush was met with an uppercut. Bull lashed back and the two men stood toe-to-toe, slugging it out. Tad crawled away and ran to corporal down his side. Why didn't you do something? Why didn't you help the sergeant? He doesn't want any help. Bull's too big for him. He's too strong. Why didn't you use your gun? The sergeant saw him hit you, Tad. He didn't like it. He... he... fighting Bull for me? That's right. And King. It was King who brought you here. You're right again. You better save me. Watch, Tad. Watch. There was no doubt Bull was a stronger man, but the sergeant was quicker and in better condition. Time and again Bull missed and the sergeant countered.  Once again the sergeant ducked and then, seeming to throw caution to the winds, he waded in. His right and left flashed like pistons and for the first time Bull was forced to give ground. The sergeant seemed to be charged with superhuman energy. Step-by-step Bull was driven across the clearing. Now his breath came in deep heaving sighs. His massive arms were no longer striking out and when a final right crashed through his defenses and connected squarely with his chin, he dropped to the ground and hit his face in the snow. Well, you had enough? You're under arrest in the name of the Queen. A few days later in the draw outside Dawson, King led the sergeant and Tad to a pile of rocks. The sergeant only had to lift one of them. You'll have to look at him, Tad. Yes, that's Bud. He was better than Bull, but... But what, Tad? But even so, he was wrong. And so was Chick. He was good to me, but he was wrong. If only... If only what, Tad? If only he could have realized that men like you don't want to be our enemies, that you want to be our friends. And that it isn't any fun to keep running away and to be afraid all the time, that you've got to obey the law, if you want to live like other people and have a home and be happy. Yes, it's too bad Chick never found that out. But somehow, wherever he is, I think he's glad you have. Sergeant, can we go home now? To Tom's? Is it Tom's place you're calling home? Yes, Sergeant. Tom's been as kind to me as any father could be and I haven't been square with him. I want to prove to him I can be different. The kind of boy he wants me to be. You will, Tad, I'm sure of it. Well, King, this case is closed. In just a moment, Sergeant Preston will give you a preview of Monday's adventure. Up! Up! Up! Up to eight times normal size. Yes, that's what happens to Quakerpuff wheat and Quakerpuff rice because they're shot from guns. That's why these choice-flavor-rich premium grains are so crisp and tender. They're shot through and through with swell nut-like flavor too. And as mother knows, wheat or rice shot from guns makes a deluxe family breakfast that's economical, that's easy to fix as falling off a log. Just pour out a bowlful and add some fruit and milk or cream. And yummy! You're back for more. Just try them. Quakerpuff rice and Quakerpuff wheat in the big red and blue package with the smiling Quakerman on the front. They're never sold in bags or bulk. Listen Monday, when Sergeant Preston and Yukon King meet the challenge of the Yukon in the face of the King Emperor, when a crippled orphan boy, Frankie Warren, acquired a big Saint Bernard dog, I was very happy for both their sakes because they soon grew mighty fond of each other. I was a lot less happy when I learned the dog had been stolen and I'd have to take him away from Frankie. The situation led to plenty of excitement and before it was over, I found myself facing the guns of two ruthless criminals. For this exciting adventure, Monday. These radio dramas, a feature of the challenge of the Yukon Incorporated, are created and produced by George W. Trendall, directed by Fred Flower Day and edited by Fran Stryker. The part of Sergeant Preston is played by Paul Sutton. They are brought to you every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at the same time by Quakerpuff wheat and Quakerpuff rice. The breakfast cereal shot from guns. For a delicious hot breakfast, eat Quakeroats. The giant of the cereals is Quakeroats. Delicious, nutritious, makes you feel ambitious. The giant of the cereals is Quakeroats. Say, boys and girls, do you want to be a star someday in sports and activities? Then start on good Quakeroats breakfast tomorrow because nourishing oatmeal gives you more growth and endurance than any other whole-grain cereal. Remember, Quaker and Mother's Oats are the same. This is J. Michael wishing you good bye, good luck and good health from Quakerpuff wheat and Quakerpuff rice. So long.


Everybody forced here ripping 23 24 prism draft basketball hobby 8 bucks number 14 random team style Let's run our random, and then we're gonna get started Good luck 6 and 4 10 times here 10 times So you're saying there's a chance James Good luck, buddy All right 10 times names first one two three four five six seven eight nine and ten This Jonathan L down to Andrew C and our teams one two three four five six seven eight nine and ten Heat down to all non-NBA Jonathan L heat Nicholas S magic Paul B Pacers tied W nicks Kayla with the Raptors Clayton with the Sixers Edward P Blazers Jason a bulls James L pelicans Matt V Celtics Luke S. Lakers Nicholas S Thunder Kayla calves Justin S nuggets Abilene with the Mavs Jonathan L Grizzlies Justin M wizards Han W Kings Vong with the Pistons Paul B. Wolves Bucks Jason a Hornets Stefan with the Jazz Jason a Spurs warriors I think it's gonna say Kevin with the Nets Kevin W with the Nets Matt V Rockets Kevin W also the Clippers Luke S Hawks Justin M sons and Andrew C all non-NBA Let me correct that spelling get those posts that we're gonna get started No, it's Ken not not Kevin Ken. It's out of the eye Ken W pardon me Ken has the Nets and the Clippers Well, he we asked like multiple we saw multiple times in Chad Greg and told him to email us or like give us a call or something And it just never happened He said oh we tried to yeah, he just kept saying like oh we tried to he's like 11 or 12 So I don't know man So we waited waited a couple days and nothing happened So by the time the break was ready to ship your shipment to you We tried trust me we tried but there's only so much we can do he's never never bought in with us So we that we didn't have an address All right, here we go y'all Yeah, you tried Greg you tried we tried we tried man.  I'm gonna hop in me and rich you're gonna Rich gonna carry me. Well, what was he gone big completion though pretty solid password Wilson game time to throw Crazy to give an NFL quarterback time to throw you can find a receiver dudes Ben Shepard rookie hyper auto here Ben Shepard Ben Shep Shepard goes to the Pacers Silver rookie Tiger Campbell hyper rookie Maxence Prosper Blue Wave Kauai Leonard going to the Clips 249 And I'm sorry Thompson insert That kind was a pass And I was definitely of some sort of a pass is that grounding? David Singleton on the blue rookie auto Singleton out of 125 David Singleton Singleton, let's see who's here with that's not the right David Singleton that guy's 34 years old College Park Sky Hawks Who's college parks guy? But is that the Hawks? It is right. Yeah, Hawks. I just wanted to make sure Hawks on that one Silver Kyrie Hyper Trey Johnson and a blue ice Omaha Billy you nice card Omaha 99 that is a non NBA card silver widescreen cam Whitmore Silver widescreen Whitmore there. That's a lot to try to score here. There's a scoot base Out of 149 a hunter Tyson rookie auto never remember hunter Tyson Never ever his team Denver on the hunter Tyson Silver Maxence Prosper hyper Kawhi Leonard Purple ice John Morant for the gris some mojo behind it and It is Grady dick Grady dick to 25 a mojo brilliance for the Raptors nice card Raptors The John Morant was to 149 for the Purple ice KJ Evans the non-BA spot doing well already KJ Evans to 149 Grant Scherfield on the silver college penmanship auto Grant Scherfield is For the Drafted play for Phoenix in the summer league only go Phoenix on the Scherfield Trey Johnson silver hyper rookie Victor women Yama seven Rico Wemby for the spurs on the hyper great card Red buffkin red for the Hawks there out of 299 And Jimmy Butler this edition replay that Which might be one of the only scores of the game who knows who knows of this one? Hey, but a first first score first try points for the Jets How we doing Jake? Oh geez everybody slew it now Justin Edwards on the base auto here that goes non-MBA Silver Justin Edwards hyper Dylan Mitchell Purple D-Wade for Miami. He's the dust on that D-Wade. We'll get that off. It's a 75 NA women Yama brilliance insert you got hyper Tatum Timmy Allen a 99 on the rookie purple ice auto Timmy Allen is Memphis, right? Yeah, Memphis Silver Anthony black rookie for the magic. He's looking good dude. They should start playing him more I love Foltz, but Anthony black seems to fit better with them with with the starters of the magic Hyper Thomas and Emojo Jaros Walker nice Jaros Walker. He's Pacers, right? Yeah, Pacers Jaros Walker to 25. That's sick Great card there silver is Colby Jones rookie John. How are you doing tonight, man? How's everybody doing tonight? Let's get it going man. Let's get it going Let's pump up the jams, dude. Noah Clowney auto to 25 on the mojo auto out Arms tender Noah Clowney is Brooklyn there you go Nets Nets on the Clowney Silver Del Curry hyper rookie us are Thompson Red Desmond Cambridge, Jr. Now to 299 They ran a Miller Yeah, it's true Greg is the is the ringleader of this circus Most known most nights purple rookie Taylor Hendricks. Let's go nights. That's going to the jazz the 75 So they destroyed Oklahoma State on Saturday dude. They put a beat down on Oklahoma State Silver be able to shoot it beat Oklahoma to a man Daniel Gibson calves legacy signatures Cavs you got hyper Levine I've been here a minute or two Greg. I have I've been through a lot and with the with chat Blue Wave Palo Ben caro at a 2 49 for the magic. How many there's anybody anybody in check and do the Do the it used to be the Wild West used to be the Wild West for YouTube added like Subs only mode or subscribers only mode man. It used to get crazy used to get wild out here No matter what even the craziest night is tame compared to some some average nights back then Even before that it would even get worse Yep, jaker is here Sean's got him on a short leave Sean's got his eyes on him at all times though. Oh, yeah Don't don't don't don't get it twisted. Don't get it twisted Jake's been behaving for the most part though like he uh, he walks the line right now. I threatened Sean hired the cranes Sean hired the cranes as enforcers He was yelling about the end of the night So even when Sean's not here the cranes are out there. Oh, yeah Yeah crazy Jordan Walsh on the auto for the Celtics Silver Jalen Brown hyper Trey Johnson and a blue Colby Jones rookie Okay Work on your duty he's always doing that Kings on the Colby Jones The tie it's true Jake. They are the Bucks worked him up Lewis Kawhi Leonard Clips You won 99 Kavan looney auto to 99. Where's looney now? See you in Washington. I'm so golden state Why did I think he was part of the Chris Paul trade? I don't know why I thought that Silver Colby Jones, he's so golden state though hyper tiger Campbell and a purple eyes rookie Victor women Yama 61 of 149 Spur Jason a This guy's pretty good at basketball man. He's so fun to watch Congrats Jason and a Taylor Hendricks stained glass for the jazz in the same box Stefan L with you tall. Let's go Knights Holy cow. That's what's up, man on the SP Chiantay George rookie auto for the jazz now Silver Matherin hyper rookie Victor women Yama It's getting crazy now in a red Jalen Brunson for the Knicks 299 skewed Henderson only brilliance Hyper case and Wallace rookie. We've got Moe Bomba autographed to 125 Holy cow Moe Bomba now. Oh bomb. Is he so what the Lakers? Sixers, that's right. Sixers Moe Bomba Silver Creek Whitehead hyper Maxine's prosper and a blue wave of singleton rook singleton the rookie for the I think he's also sixers, right? We just had a minute ago. I know Hawks Hawks on the singleton Hawks on the singleton And it's over Hawkins widescreen Locking up. Oh, so ladies just stand in front of the bread Push her out of the way that kind of bugs me, dude I like if you're gonna look at something for a minute back up a little bit Like let give room for someone else to go in there and like get something Sean has pushed over so many old ladies I can check it right now. Okay, there it is. Oh Yeah, we'll respond probably sometime tomorrow Josh. Yeah, we'll respond probably sometime tomorrow Blue ice is a Jared McCain auto here number to 75 Having a hard time remembering a lot of guys in this draft class, dude We need we need a we need license cards to come out. That's that's that's the only thing that's gonna help me He's still a duke though, isn't he? That goes to non NBA Silver Sunogo hyper Jerry West and a purple ice of woman We're the one at 49 Pistons on the ob woman Tom Rantz Yeah, you should that's the only time you can usually you're allowed to use that word Anthony Not in here, but when you're at the grocery store, no, we're not around. Yeah, that's fine Mojo surge of barry rice autograph for the spurs out of 25 13 and 25 spurs Silver Nick Smith, Jr. Rookie the Hornets hyper scoot for the Blazers They read Joel and bead Red and be the 299 for the Sixers and a next-bed junior silver widescreen for the Hornets now Redemption for the Warriors trace Jackson Davis college penmanship prisms blue ice. That's a good one there for the Warriors Silver Shack Hyper Donovan Mitchell Blue wave Chris Murray that goes to the Blazers and a mojo Matas was Ellis great card 12 of 25 brilliance mojo for the non NBA spots The Murray is a 249 is a palo bambic arrow Duke and a magic color match there Out of 199 red at rookie auto of Joey Hauser. I believe he's Utah Jazz There's a clipper now He was at the jazz now. He's a an LA clipper. Yep clippers hate silver moblee Hyper rookie Sanogo blue ice Jalen picket rookie Picket number to 99 Picket is a nugget the only time we've heard of Sean going to the grocery store as he gets a more IPA is that for sure Oh Yeah, it's scared dude. He was scared. He was shook Redemption should rob them Aaron Bradshaw. That's non NBA Aaron Bradshaw draft picks auto prism silver We'll keep your quavy on smith silver hyper Del curry Blue wave Kula Bali for the Wizards to 249 nice lottery blue wave there blue ice rookie Matt Bradley. No Bradley Was he ever in the NBA I don't see any NBA affiliation It's gonna go non NBA then all I see is college and it goes to the German or the German main league Orange Pulsar leaky black auto leaky Leaky black to 49 nice hit for the The Hornets, right? Well, I always always second-guess myself on these. Yeah Hornets leaky black Silver rookie counsel the fourth that is a hyper Justin Edwards blue Kyrie Irving for the Mavericks to 199 in a city, Soco Yeah, yeah, Nick. We're almost out of it. We moved through draft fast this year. Usually it takes us a bit It's been it's been hot. There's a Brandon Miller Silver auto Jared McCain for non NBA again Silver Justin Edwards hyper rookie Bilal Kula Bali blue ice pal over the magic 99 Purple eyes rookie auto Joey Hauser goes the Clippers Out of 99 silver Anthony black rookie hyper rookie Soco and a red of D Wade for the heat 299 and silver dwelling bead widescreen box number six Yeah, prism draft has probably been One of our top three or four personal box tellers to the past couple weeks As far as total sold people dig it people dig it. Okay, let's see Just the Saints on the first certify with spots left That's pretty well origins down to 17 Sunday fun day down to 11 Yeah, it's for it's 100% gonna fill Almost a single digits and it's not even nine o'clock yet You guys be sure to check out the lineup 22 flawless and immaculate first off the line 2019 immaculate plus other 21 22 23 and 2019 boxes in that mixer plus a season-long promo and Then certified in origins outside of that 17 to go on that first origins That I cannot Scott The only way to do that is to buy every single spot and that's impossible at this point Personals, I don't think I've had an order come in for personals. Let me check I've had one order come in for one box of ultimate hockey, which is a three-card box.  Oh my god Dude a hyper is silver the the numbered card already two stained glasses in the break as well Yeah, that's a monster. Yeah, it's freaking huge That's why that's why you join the break man. Keontae George and the auto for the jazz You had silver Justin Edwards. That's why his product hot dude. He's hot Hyper Colin Castleton and a red Jaden Ivy Ivy at a $2.99 for the pistons The Lord oh my god Jason killing it dude Moe Bomb, but it again the 70 the 49 excuse me for the 76ers Moe Bomba Silver key Anthony black hyper Jalen Brunson and a blue Keegan Murray Kings the one 99 silver a star Thompson prison break Hey, there's points being scored both teams in the first quarter. All right, that's a that's a start I don't know how I don't know what else gonna happen here, but it's a start the venom of sensible for the jazz Auto to 49 Colby Jones just look this dude up Colby Jones Colby Jones. Why can't I remember Colby Jones? Jake's gonna say Colby Jones Pretty dope pretty dope Kings on the Colby Jones silver to Quavion Smith hyper Marcus sass are purple Chuck to the Sixers Charles Barclay the 75 Can't see what Yogi said Looks like nothing on a restream Marley evening evening Purple ice Steph Curry now nice Steph to 149 for the dubs, of course calves on a vet auto here mark price to 99 Silver Ricky Council hyper Zion a venom rookie trace Jackson Davis For the Warriors Warriors having a good break here on a Mitchell there More points coming points getting scored If you got if you got a kicker in this game, you might you might be on the road for a good one Especially the Jets kicker great. Oh, they got Greg delay. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Oh, we got raided. Let's go. Let's go Let's go Rated. Yeah, not like rated rookie, but like rated like the Raiders Although I don't want to get I don't want to get rated. I feel like I'd get pretty low rating no matter what it is Do look at that look at that. I'm in Thompson on the manga This break is off the rails, dude. It's break is off the rails Who has Houston in this break big congrats to Houston now We're on another one right now y'all We're heating up heating up going to the football to Matt V with Houston can't be stopped can't be stopped How about an Ahmed Thompson auto? Bang for the Rockets Silver Justin Edwards hyper rookie Marcus Sasser blue wave Jalen Brown for the seas The 249 and a hyper Grady Dick for the Raptors. Holy moly, dude Greg you taking credit for all this Isaiah Wong on the auto to 25 mojo auto Isaiah Wong They're long Pacers 25 silver Anthony black hyper Zion and a purple ice of Levine for Chicago. What's up Jets? How we doing man Jets what up Levine to 149 bulls in a silver Brandon Miller nice prison break Miller for the Hornets Miller time God soon move on the bulls legacy signatures Hyper here silver rookies to Soco hyper rookie Castleton Red Tatum going to the seas 299 with more prison break There we're doing well we are doing it well Pull absolute absolute monster prison draft break here Just on another level blue ice is Dylan Mitchell He is still in Texas nice one there to 99 a Jalen Salasen auto to 99 That's the slaw right there Jalen Slawson Lawson Kings Silver Del Curry Hyper Jalen Brunson two three Venoms in a row here. What the heck? First one is singleton. I Already forget I'm losing it now David singleton. It's like the third time. I've looked at his name of this break I'm I'm I'm too I'm too into the hits dude two into the hits singleton is Sixers, right? Hawks Hawks on the singleton and then a Zion for the pelicans and Sasser Marcus Sasser now and Marcus Sasser is a piston. Just hey man. Hey, I'd be like that sometimes Let's go a no Connell. Let's go Ricky QB out here. I guess we're for the Raiders tonight Like a little snap not good. Come on get you know the ball better than that In the center a hundred percent Orange Pulsar auto is Trey Johnson 49. I believe he is a freshman in college right now Trey Johnson that is Correct. No, he is a high school senior He is a high school senior he's a five-star recruit though good one to hang on to for non-NBA Silver Jared McCain Hyper rookie Anthony black for the magic Purple eyes warriors rookie trace Jackson Davis It's a 149 a red rookie Ricky counsel the fourth a Ricky rookie Counsel is a sixer Silver Chuck Hyper rookie to Quavion Smith a red leaky black for the Hornets 299 red black and silver came with more fireworks Hang it dude Come on O'Connell Come on O'Connell Redemption warriors again trace Jackson Davis college penmanship blue ice Silver KJ Williams hyper rookie Ricky counsel again blue wave Zion Palakins the 249 Blue rookie is Cam Whitmore. Why do I think that other rockets rockets on the Whitmore purple ice rookie Pete Nance Pete Nance Not like not like Jim Nance NANCE Pete Nance is For Cleveland to 99 silver Chris Paul hyper Jared McCain and a blue ice Kevin Durant Suns to 99 Well, that was a that was a break right there and a lot of football spots just came into Sunday fun days at 10 to go now All right Four mags and a prism draft break is kind of it's kind of insane Okay, next break that has just it's one spot. It's the Saints on sale in certified Okay, numbered cards leaky black Jason Tatum Jalen Brunson Desmond Cambridge juniors well in bead Jaden Ivy Dwayne Wade F. Bowman Charles Barkley Steph Curry Zach Levine John Morant KJ Evans Dwayne Wade Taylor Hendricks Mojo's of Grady Dick Matos Mosellis Jarrus Walker get Dylan Mitchell Omaha Billy you Jalen Brown Keegan Murray Paulo Ben caro Kyrie Irving Matt Bradley Bilal Kulabali Jalen Pickett Kevin Durant Cam Whitmore Zion Williamson Paulo Ben caro Chris Murray Kauai Leonard Paulo Ben caro David Singleton Colby Jones Kauai Leonard of Venom of Jackson Davis a few other venoms to Autos now all the autos we had Pete Nance Ricky Council the fourth Jalen Sloss and I auto soon move Isaiah Wong. I'm in Thompson Mark Price Keontae George Joey Houser Jared McCain Aaron Bradshaw Joey Houser Trace Jackson Davis Serge of Ari Rice Jared McCain Mo Bamba Keontae George Kevon Looney Jordan Walsh Daniel Gibson That's Noah Clowney Timmy Allen Justin Edwards Grant Scherfield Hunter Tyson Ben Shepard David Singleton leaky black Mo Bamba Colby Jones trade Johnson and Trace Jackson Davis again Wemba yama stained glass Manga Amen Thompson Stained glass Taylor Hendricks and a purple ice Victor Wemba yama That'll do it for an insane eight boxer of draft everybody moving on now to football