Hey guys, welcome back skipso an episode 17 topic today is root finding aka solving equations You know p-brains like me we can subtract two from both sides solve an equation, but how does a computer do that? That's today's video should be a short one. So stick around the First question should be what is a route? Well route is an elitist gatekeeping word for where a function is zero or does this orange line cross the x-axis and ultimately the question is not so much does it cross? But at what value of x does it cross at 7 at 12? You know what value of x gives us the orange line equal and zero The next question that you should ask Would be who cares where something is zero and really the answer is nobody cares But the thing is you can actually trick society and the universe and yourself Into things actually being useful by representing useful things as this orange curve if this is a curve for which Crossing zero is useful Then finding that zero would also be useful. I'll give you an example So let's say you're you know Hamas and you want to shoot a rocket And there's you have a trajectory plan for that rocket and you also know that there's an Israeli flight You know path in some certain direction a passenger flight Well, you know you could subtract those two curves and you can find you know the impact point where that difference is zero So yeah, that would work of course you have to worry about time of course there's three variables for the spatial dimensions, but You know the principle is the same where these curves intersect that difference between them is zero So yeah, there are uses for this so how would you find the route now if you asked me how to find the route what I would Probably do is I'd say well, I'm just gonna start at some number guessing I'm gonna start guessing numbers and I'm gonna keep increasing my guess So I'll set say I'm guessing like negative five I'll guess negative four negative three negative two negative one zero one two three Once I once my guess changes sign like once the f value changes sign Also, okay, hold on there's a route there because there's no way a function got from being below zero to being above zero without crossing zero And then I would say well, how am I gonna find where this year? Well, I take those points and I would bisect between them until I I found something and that's called the Bisexual method. It's very simple to implement and I'm so simple. I'm not gonna give you any any like algorithmic Expressions here. It's just so simple you can do it, you know yourself The way it works is you first guess some bound so You pick bounds in in between which the function crosses zero if it doesn't cross you made a mistake Next step so here you can see the this red line crosses the x-axis at this point here And so I've you know, I've picked two bounds on the outsides of that So the root is contained within them then we bisect the bound So I cut halfway between those two blue lines and I make a new pink line And then what I do is I say well If I evaluate this red curve at the lower bound I'm negative if I evaluate it at the upper bound I'm positive and I evaluate it at my bisection again, I'm negative and So I do I replace the old negative with the new negative and I keep repeating that process until you can see here until I get bored which works and This will slowly converge, you know 50% Reduction in your guess in your in your bounds every iteration until you get to your to be close enough to your route that you'd stop Next question would be well are there other ways and the answer is of course other ways There's plenty of other ways, but honestly, they're all worse in my opinion So Newton's method is a is a very common thing that you'll hear. It's also relevant to other fields like optimization But the process is simple basically what you do is you Make an initial guess somewhere random ideally it would be close to the to the root And then what you do is you use a linear approximation Essentially to improve your guess so basically you evaluate the function value and the slope at your your guess and Assuming it was a line you compute Well, if I have this point on a line and this line slope. Well, where would it cross zero? And it would cross zero at If it was a line you that guess And so basically you can see here if we follow this the slope Pink line from the orange point down to the x-axis that would be where we would anticipate our route to be Unfortunately, this is not a red line. It's a red curve. And so it's not going to exactly hit zero there But that's our next guess. So we would again reevaluate our Slope and function value at this orange guess and we would again improve our Next guess in a linear way So we have pretty straightforward process. Here's the expression The problem is is that it requires for so your future guess Requires your current guess the function evaluate your current guess, but also the slope And the issue is is that you don't have slopes in real life In general, you're not gonna even have analytical functions in real life. And so this is going to be a matter of you Running some code and and pulling out values Analytical expressions don't exist at least they aren't very useful in real life. And so for that We have the secant method and what it does is basically it constructs an estimate of the slope based off previous guesses So here's the expression you can take a look and see how that works It's pretty straightforward. You're basically estimating the slope with previous guesses and using that to formulate your next guess The last question that you should ask is well, when do we stop this iteration process? And of course I kept saying oh stop when you get bored. That's fine You know if you have dinner at six o'clock or you have to go sleep at nine o'clock stop. That's fine No one's gonna rush you But there are other ways to stop as well one would be some number of iterations that say well, I'm I Only have time for a hundred iterations no more And I'm not gonna have a good answer. That's like they do at least a hundred So hundred hundred rations is what I'm gonna do. That's fine. You can do that You can also say well When my function gets close to zero, I'll stop when this when this red line gets close to zero when the distance from The x-axis to my guess is below some tolerance. I'll stop that works as well That's a good way to do it and A final way to do it would be well when my guess stops changing very much Then I'll stop when my first when my 27th guess is 6.5 and my next guess is six point five zero zero zero zero one I'm close enough. So that's how you could also stop and there are many more ways to Condition to stop but these are I guess some Simple ones So now let's check out the code three examples one for each method that I just discussed all aptly named the royal example 17 in the so you have suppository. Let's take a look So again, it's all in the it's in the code. Take a look. Let's take a look at the functions themselves. I Have it here. I believe so They all have the same overall format and I'm not going to go into the math necessarily that they're implementing It's all straightforward and you can tell about the code yourself, but I'll show you how the the functions In the IO goes how are we pulling in inputs to our function and giving out outputs? Here's how the bisection method works. So the bisection method takes This function takes us like four inputs. The first one is in RDI That's a function point that points to the function of interest. So that that's the f of x So that function pointer will be the address in memory of a function of this form down here And so it would be basically a function that takes a floating point number and returns a floating point number in XMM zero So you'd have to make that separately. That's your job. If you want to optimize something you want to solve a route somewhere You have to write the function yourself. It's not pre-made for you. That's your job to make the function and This function should only affect registers X of M zero no other should be affected Besides that there are three other inputs and they're all floating points So the first two are going to be the bounds the lower and upper bound and the last one would be your tolerance So here we're using a tolerance to Stop our iteration process But besides that that's all the inputs it does return two outputs in Rx it will return the number of iterations that were required to Converge and the last input would last output would be the actual route itself in XMM zero And here you can take a look yourself and see how it's how it works It checks for valid bounds it checks against tolerance. It replaces the bounds with the algorithm I described previously and at the end of the day it Preserve registers and returns your route as expected The new method function is very similar. The only difference would be that now Same outputs, but you are now passing in two Function pointers one would be the function itself and the second would be the slope function the derivative function f prime Whatever you want to call it. That's also passed in and it only takes in two 20-point inputs it takes your first guess and your tolerance and You can take a look and see how it works basically it it just loops in the same way checks your tolerance and Returns your solution. It's a very primitive algorithm So it's very simple to implement last would be the secant method Very much the same thing but remember secant method. You don't have to pass in a slope function So you're only passing in the function pointer to the f function itself as well as in this case You have to pass in two guesses two guesses to construct the slope Right, so you pass in two guesses in XMM zero XMM one as well as a tolerance and XMM two Put a parenthesis there and that's that's it That's that's the functions that we're talking about in today's video So let's now look at the actual code that we're running in these examples So first example would be the bisection method and always examples. I Am solving square roots, so let's take a look at the code here In this case you can see we're including a few things we're including some functions to print as well as the bisection method function that I just described and Here you can see we're trying to solve the square root of two And so the way this works is if you want to solve for the square root of two What what numbers satisfies square root of two? Well Whatever that number that is if you square it and subtract two you'll get zero, right? So that's what we're doing. We're this function takes a value Squares it subtracts to and returns so when this function square root of two hits zero that meant that the input was the square root of two And so here you can see we're passing in the function pointer in our DI Passing in lower and upper bounds and a tolerance and calling that function and then printing the results What are our bounds? Our bounds are one and three obviously square root of two falls between those bounds and our tolerance here is point 1 0 0 0 0 1 so if I Leave this and I run You can see that function worked We estimate the square root of two to be one point four one four if I open up octave and I Evaluate the square root of two you'll see that it comes out to be the same number two within that tolerance Okay, very cool Next example Be so the secant method. Let's take a look in the code here in this case We're including a different function. We're including the secant method function but the rest of the code is the same except now we're trying to solve the square root of three so what this Function here does is it multiplies number by itself? Subtracts three and the idea is when you pass in the square root of three this function will return zero and So again, you can see we're passing in function pointer to square root of three passing in our guesses This should say guesses so I'll say guests one guests to and Tolerance and I'll change those down here really quick said change the name so Guess two Is that how it was guess one and obviously square root of three falls between one and four? Oh Crap a lot of copy and paste going on here guys. Sorry I'm not in a rush.  Oh, it's underscore. Come on scuffed video. I Knew I did it for Square root of three one point seven three it looks familiar to me. How about you? Okay last example example C This was Newton's method now this one is interesting because it requires us to have an Implementation for the slope so in this case we're passing we have a square root of five Function as before you pass in a value that hopefully is a square root of five When we dump when we square it and subtract five we'll get zero but now I have function called slope square root of five which is the derivative of X squared minus five which is just 2x so all this function does is it multiplies the input by two and returns With this basically now we're able to Pass in the actual function pointer itself for the function as well as for the derivative of that function a guess and a tolerance and call the newton's method assembly function and Yeah, our first guess you could see here is three and tolerances point zero zero zero zero one if we run this We get two point two three six. I open up octave and calculate the square roots of five That's the answer that we get Professionally speaking so yes, our root finding methods do seem to work We're able to compute these extremely important things like scurridive two three and five great great work But that out of the way. I want to thank you for watching. That's the entirety of today's video wasn't that long at all If you're interested in hanging out we have a discord server check out the description see you around


What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards ripping 10 box Tuesdays 10 box immaculate basketball mixer number 144 random team style got a list here of our random results as always we can find you can find a web Can find the results on the website as well as a link. That's in chat. So good luck here, everybody Let's do it Start with 22 23 hoops now. We'll start with prism prism multi-sello Get that out of the way I'll do who's sorry Man like feel like it nice ones here we got impeccable in this we've got What's it called as well two years of iMac, which is gonna be fun and peco already send back well mosaic Donner's choice down with optic choice prism choice optic retail No, only one iMac tonight Nate me one iMac. I think at least I hope Yeah, no just one iMac Yeah, number 61 that was it ten box Caesar start with our no, there's two two iMac which are right here and then There is impeccable as well. There's impeccable. So there's Two years of iMac and then there's one impeccable as well Yes, there's one twenty twenty one one twenty one twenty two and then a twenty one twenty two impactful Paul Mills app green Thaddeus young Avery Bradley precious a chuwa and Devin of a cell for the spurs Yes, sir silver Austin Rivers green Evan for me Kenyan Martin jr. And ain't no stoppin OB toppen the next silver Nick Richards Green boy on McDonovich trade Jones and Shaq on the back ebaka Zubak silver Bradley Bill green nice one there for the whiz Isaac Cora tailed Maladon James Johnson There's a silver Kyrie Bob a green Jordan O'Wara nice color match there for the bucks magic Pokeshev ski rookie shake Milton silver. There's a green Cole Anthony nice one there for the magic Pascal Siakam Harry's Halliburton rookie Barry Parker a legals back Silver Ben Simmons green Ant-Man nice one there congrats tipper Wolfs Isaac Cora Robert Woodard and Grant Riller. I think it's got to be Cal Ripkins games played consecutive games played Yeah, the mageos up there for sure like saw young's wins will never get broken gratski's points They'll probably never get broken Silver Grant Riller rookie wanzo ball I would say probably Cal Ripkins or Siam so to be my to yeah Stockton's career says about be up there for sure In terms of like a game record Scott Skiles 30 assists would be tough to beat That's kind of insane that he put up. There's a LeBron tribute silver Brook Lopez green Danny green There's an RJ Hampton silver Cole Anthony rookie. Yeah LeBron points will be hard to beat to Silver O'Gee and I'll be green Brook Lopez. There's an Ant-Man instant impact Denny of deal Zach Levine silver green MPJ Aaron Nessman Manion and Cassius Winston Last pack of prism Silver Jeff green green Dreymon green base I'll do it for the base portion of the multi-seller now. We're on to our red, white and blue Give a bet alive in Vegas that no one will ever beat Skiles 30 assists How do you even bet on that? Big Scott Skiles guy illegal big Scott Skiles guy. I'll only pay out upon global catastrophe. Good Lord This one here. We got an Ant-Man on the rookie. Very nice. Congrats on that there Timberwolves. Take that for sure Jalen Smith sticks the Sun's now a pacer Bradley Biel curry in there. I'm gonna throw that to get top-loaded too much as four years 24 million Good Lord on incentives or player options or team options or something There's a red, white and blue Malachi Flynn the Raptors Red, white and blue Jordan Nora for the Bucks. Good red, white and blue packs, man Got a Halliburton next nice one there for the Kings. That's on that Sacramento a player in team options. Gotcha. Makes sense and Jake Lehman All right, that'll do it for a prism. Let's do Hoops next. Domorous retail a couple of choices after PSA sub ship back nice there you go Joshua Good results. Check home grand rookie Jake Lehman's the man dude. Once you arrive at any really go to your rival high school Josh Minot, Dyson Daniels. That's kind of wild actually one. That's kind of wild There's purple Vince Williams Jr. for the Grizzlies. Any other words? 13-10? That's pretty solid That's not only two eights isn't bad plus more 10s and 9s. That's pretty big There's now playing Malachi Brannum that is not numbered on the foil Everything good. Yeah, you can fill up in that Bo-Champ, there's Keegan-Merry now playing. Marvin Bagley to 199 on the foil for the Pistons Hi, Sean Kemp on the auto hot signatures going to the Thunder That's on that by way of the sonics. That's awesome. Hi, Sean Kemp and Jamtastic D-Wade Yeah He was he played in like Jordan's era and it was him and Gary Peyton on the Super sonics and they were like they got to the finals one year against the but they lost in the finals to the Bulls Peyton and Kemp were like one of the best duos of all time. There's Donald O'Banton, Redback Second year for the Raptors Yeah, he was a beast super super athletic super athletic Houston Few 10s, that's good. Yeah, dude, I gotta we gotta send some stuff in There's yeah true Timberwolves ant-man road to the finals to 2022 Hey, what's up chat? I hope they bring back the sonics, dude That is like the one team them in the in my opinion the whalers But the Expos need to come back Jabari Smith AJ Griffin steal the draft AJ Griffin for the Hawks We need the sonics back. We need the Expos back We need the Vancouver Grizzlies back and the Grizzlies can rebrand Because there's no Grizzlies in Memphis All right, you can do something like country wise the Memphis barbecue Jalen Green or Jalen Brown, excuse me Yeah, dude, I grew up in CT giant. I want I want the whalers back Nordiques. Yeah, Nordiques need to come back to They're a hockey team Quebec back in the weeks Benedict my third and rookie Yeah, I would love the Nordiques to come back to prime time ant-man purple rust In the new London area. Yeah, I grew up like outside of Hartford. I grew up in one of the towns outside Hartford Max Christie That's not bad actually That's not bad at all. Joshua decent turnaround time for sure. Hello, Ben carol Manga, there's a Jason Tatum hoopla sounds like what a hoopla Jeremy Sochan if I don't think there's Grizzlies in Memphis I could be wrong about that There's a shade red back nice one there for the thunder Yeah, I mean they were they were originally where the Vancouver Grizzlies and they relocated to Memphis And I just kind of kept the name check Holmgren hoopla Lebron Sounds like a lot of hoopla Jeremy Sochan to 99 on the green nice one there for the Spurs grad Spurs Silly, yeah, the jazz is another one that should be silly eagle jaden ivy the jazz is yeah, the jazz is dumb Road to the final CP 3 to 20 at 22 for the Suns Yeah, the jet like the jazz used to be from New Orleans, which makes a lot of sense And then yeah, they should not Utah and they need to rebrand as well Donner's optic retail Yeah, right I was gonna say four people said something About the Utah jasmine group ran. I'm on board with that. I'm on board for that. Yeah, I got you, Sam I see him talking to Sam. Uh-huh Here There's the one to ten bucks Tuesday if not you could just go to the results tab on the website It's all the way at the bottom all the salt mines. Yeah, what's TCG? That's like TCG player. That's like Purple Dilo Salt Oh, we taught ain't no stop and it'll be topping silver winner stays LeBron or hollow. I should say yeah, no problem, Sam You got it buddy. What mellow rookie nice one there Jason Tatum Do they really say why it's it's called Holographics are different word names for different brands. Is that ever like explained not that I know of I think it's just Someone wanted to be different Yeah, this is this is the flat. No, yeah, this is the splash. Oh show Devon Vaselle rated rookie and it's my house James Hardin for the Nets Like Richards, there's look at Don Trich T-minus not numbered the maps Well, they probably knew it was you illegal. So they said now we're not doing this Purple Thomas Bryant Like this is coming from illegal no thanks Hello, Jared Allen purple Nikola Busevich Yeah Maxi yeah Express Lane John Stockton Purple LeBron air defense what a what TCG is legal like Pokemon I know When it stays siacum $15. Yeah, sure pretty solid purple scary Terry Rosier Onyoko Kong who big double of White towel hollow for the math my house Devon Booker Sabin Lee, there's a purple Elijah Hughes The jazz Devon Booker as a steward hollow Donovan Mitchell Express Lane for the jazz Nice one there. That's useful. Now Cavalier What was the game you said it was on after this is it clippers Warriors nice hitting pressure Express Lane of Trey young and last pack of optic retin Abdiya and Tyler Bay. Very nice Let's do 20 2021 Donrush choice they wouldn't think like with everyone like sending cards and for grading now like If more like if more ps ps a 10 surface like obviously the lower the value Depends on the card. That's true. Yeah, I think it depends on the card I'm just curious if like with all these submissions being you know sent in like if that will Take some values down or not probably a little bit Cassius Winston Nick Richards for like the Zion ps a 10 like Yeah, trade Jones for the spurs Daniel O'Toole and Jada McDaniels First auto is gonna be going to Memphis Desmond Bain Six of ten. I saw on their Memphis. That's sick Going to Vincent C. Congrats, buddy. Nice Desmond nice Bain and that is numbered six of ten nice gold Bain Take that for sure. We'll get that magged up for you, buddy And we've got Jamiah's Ramsey on the choice rookie auto for the Kings Soundboard yeah, we do ice one there for the Kings We've got a red Nikolay Yolkich. That is two of 99 a Red Serge Ibaka Ibaka flock of flames 76 out of 99 and blue Laurie marketing 21 out of 49 He's got a nickname because he has the most blocks in the last like 10 years. So it's Serge. I block ya That one's fire. I like that name. All right, let's do Don Russ optic choice now 22 Does it I'm asking in my it comes out soon bond, you know when Up there Don Russ basketball comes out was it next week to get pushed There's a silver Terry Rose here. We've got first auto is gonna be going to the Rockets Jay Shanti That's one here for the Nuggets on the choice exclusive got a bones Highland red green That's very solid. You're not guaranteed to get a rookie in this. So we'll take that I'll got pushed back to March 8. Geez Terrence Ross 51 out of 88 The magic then we've got Chris towards a and I have to soon move a couple of solid rookies to round out that one Let's do mosaic now Jay's junk chrome nice. It's pretty solid actually illegal Sounds like a good sub for you.  Yeah, that's really solid. That's got to be a huge car I was like that's a Red bed sentence Bulls starting pot Instagram Yeah, that's it. No, you and illegal cannot convert. I'll start saying shut up Donnie every time There's Jalen Johnson rookie auto for the Hawks. Nice one there Congrats on that Atlanta So we're Dylan Brooks Deandre eatin red There's overdrive Lamella ball for the Hornets Jared Butler Zaire Williams Over here like oh, you think this job supposed to be fun.  Don't have fun Donnie This is no fun zone. There's a dream on green Evan Mobley red Jammerance Kevin Durant's montage for the Nets base Scottie Barnes national pride and baby on Mitchell. I Depend I honestly depends on the card what a low-pop would be David I feel like under anything under like five hundred would be like a considered For like a beat like something that doesn't have a serial number on it. Yeah Stop sports master red Joe Harris Franz Wagner. Yeah, I was gonna say it's it's very relative on the set. He's good. How about you sports master?  It's a TV on Mitchell Red rookie. I hope so There's Scottie Barnes introductions mosaic Steph Jalen Green rookie and Evan Mobley rookie. It's packed there KCP. There's a red Drew Holliday The books I'm off to some bonus. There's a rising stars a Lamella ball Cam Thomas rookie Scottie Barnes debut and Chris Paul all in via tendu Peace So where Scottie Barnes nice one there a blue Drew Holliday blue Drew Nine of 99 for the Bucks I'm good man. Hi, okay on Johnson Silver cam Thomas nice one there for the Nets got a pink Luca very nice 39 of 49 Grats on that. They're Dallas. It's got Dallas. That's gonna be Richard W. Congrats, buddy. Oh This one I would say yeah It's Luca you're right There's Josh giddy Kaminga and Steph appreciate that sports master. He was out for a little bit. I don't know it might hurt it a little bit There's Greg Brown Red Roy Hatchimora There's Blake Griffin someone in the shop and I apologize if you're in the shop and your watch if you were the person in The shop we said this but I thought it was kind of funny someone was like, do you have any what do you say? You see it's like do you have any Roy? Hamatura cards. That's what he said. Hamatura Instead of Hatchimora. I mean I probably said the same thing I was like a customer. Um, all right, let's do prism choice now Nas read shake Milton Mosaics or not mosaic so I got our choice exclusives Daniel Tice Gary Trent Jr. JT Thor for the Hornets Auto nice one there. We got JJ reddick going to the Mab's love it man. Congrats on the reddick Here we go. We'll take that for sure PJ Washington to 88 that is 46 of 88 red scope and blue Deneal Gallinari 9 of 39. Let's do impeccable now 21 22 impeccable hot get to the good stuff. Oh, yeah, we're getting to the we're getting to the the hard hitters now Donnie Donald, how you're real name? There's our stainless stars card and our garden side cheese 95 99 Luca on the stainless stars for the Mab's So now every time I see Hatchimora, I always think how mature watch you're gonna say that one day on purpose Or like by accident Evan Mobley that is 17 of 75 That's one there that is Russell Westbrook 25 of 35 for the Lakers and KPJ Kevin Porter Jr. That's gonna be 77 out of 99 First hit going to Shiji. We got going to the Pacers. That's a Justin Holiday 43 of 99 on Stravigans one of the three holiday brothers Currently in the NBA former Hawk we've got It's rookie Jersey out on 91 of 99 Charles Bassie For the 76ers right so in there. We've got this is cool going to the seas That's gonna be Al Horford 10 of 25 illustrious ink or illusionist ink. Excuse me illusionist ink going to the seas So there Richard W big Al talk legend So we've got a redemption that is of Cam Thomas Impeccable impression signatures go to the Nets there you go Tyler good time to hit it for sure stills got some hype built around him Very nice congrats on that Don't in the Nets I like that one and 98 of 99. I would just soon move going to the Bulls Congrats on that Chicago rookie impressions All right guys, let's do 2020 at 2021 Impeccable or not impeccable immaculate David I'd be totally cool with that. That's not like yeah We're not gonna be the same team though. That's the issue Yeah, illustrious. What did it say? What? On the it's now for us to think in front of me. It's that illustrious ink Lost Yeah, illustrious probably illustrious ink. I got it wrong the first I write the first time. Thanks Forrest Like Got him that is Malachi Flynn 46 of 99 for the Raptors, well, oh, thanks Forrest Thank you. Thank you Donnie 97 of 99 Marcus smart standout memorabilia for the Celtics Nice one here another one. This is going to the Raptors. That's Malachi Flynn 33 of 50 we've got going to the Cavaliers Isaiah Hartenstein 88 of 99 nice one there followed by going to the trailblazers That's gonna be a CJ LB 41 out of 99. So that's one's pretty cool actually Forrest, I might call off Friday just like you know Like like two like an hour before Nice one here.  It really is. It's childish. We should all be grown adults here. Yeah, we're not No, of course not. We all act like three-year-olds. It's literally three-year-olds literally Jordan pool pool party 16 of 99 Stop we've got 51 of 99. That is Lamella ball game use Jersey We've got nice one here eight of 10 is gonna be ooh Jalen Johnson is a nice card Let me just I'm assuming this is gonna go Rockets. We've got shadow box signatures That is Hakeem the dream Elijah one Nice one there congrats on that Rockets again, I'm just gonna double check Z did play for the Raptors for a little bit Make sure it's not a Raptors card. I don't think it would be but yeah, this is gonna go to the Rockets very nice Congrats on that each time you make this one 40 at 49 that is RPA. I owe to soon move congrats on that one there bull Chicago picking up to Desu new RPA or autos That is going to the Rockets and you can make that you can make the as well Or just make everything. Well, thank you Donnie and five of ten BJ Armstrong. Let's go into the bulls Nice one there. Congrats bulls All right, let's do a recap everybody Why don't we just go back and make all the base cards? Cots a Jalen Johnson Lamella ball Malachi Flynn mark Mac is smack As well as a BJ Armstrong We had as well were a CJ LB and Isaiah Hartenstein. What are you doing? I didn't know what to do my hands for a second Just randomly did this he goes. I didn't know what to do my hands. He threw him up and then put him back down That's pretty funny That is JJ Reddick Jalen Johnson Jay Sean Tate Jamiah's Ramsey Sean Kemp Al Horford. Yes illustrious, Inc. Al Horford Charles Bassie Justin Holliday. I owe to soon move Cam Thomas We had Magga cards coming up. Well, we had one other The BJ Armstrong already showed You're not you're good. No worries. No worries. Oh, I'm gonna show first here We had Pink Luka Topchich That is 39 of 49. That was pretty funny Hakeem Elijah one for the Rockets on the shadow box signatures redemption I owe to soon move that is 40 of 49 for the Bulls Nasty Peyton Prichard four of ten For the C's and then I were also nasty Desmond Bain that is six of ten Wow, geez Vaughn, uh, thanks again guys for the fill and next up we got football


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering Dell Technologies World 2018. Brought to you by Dell EMC and its ecosystem partners. Welcome back to SiliconANGLE Media's coverage of Dell Technologies World 2018. I'm Stu Miniman, here with my co-host Keith Townsend. Happy to welcome back to the program, Tom Burns, who's the SVP of Networking and Solutions at Dell EMC. Tom, great to see you. Great to see you guys as well, good to see you again. All right, so I feel like one of the CNBC guys, it's like Tom, I remember back when Force 10 was acquired by Dell and all the various pieces that have gone on in Convergent Infrastructure. But of course with the merger, you've gotten some new pieces to your toy chest. That's correct. So maybe give us the update first as to what's under your purview. Right, right, so I continue to support and manage the entire global networking business on behalf of Dell EMC. And then recently I picked up what we called Convergent Infrastructure business, or the VX Block, V-Scale business. And I continue to also manage what we call Enterprise Infrastructure, which is basically anytime our customers want to extend the life of their infrastructure around memory, storage, optics, and so forth, we support them with Dell EMC certified parts. And then we add to that some third-party componentry around rack power and cooling, software, jumele, big switch, things like that, riverbed, silver peak, others. And so with that particular portfolio, we also cover what we call the Dell EMC Ready Solutions, both for the service provider, but then also for traditional enterprises as well. Yeah, well, luckily there's no change in any of those environments. Networking's been static for decades. I mean, they threw a product line that, I mean, last I checked was somewhere in the three to $4 billion range with the VX Block under what you're talking there. It's a so, maybe you could talk, what does this mean?  Keith and I are networking guys by background. Obviously networking's a piece of this, but give us a little bit of how the sausage is made inside to get to this stuff. Well, I think when you talk about all these solutions, cloud, hybrid cloud, public cloud, when you think about software-defined X, the network is still pretty darn important, right? I often say that if the network's not working, it's going to be a pretty cloudy day. It's not going to connect. And so the fabric continues to remain one of the most critical parts of the solution. So the thought around the VX Block and moving that in towards the networking team is the importance of the fabric and the capability to scale out and scale up with our customers' workloads and applications. And so that's probably the reason, primarily the reason. And then we can also look at how we can work very closely with our storage division because that's the key IP component coming from Dell EMC on the block side and see how we can continue to help our customers solve their problems when it comes to kind of this, not your do-it-yourself, but kind of do-it-for-me environment. All right, I know Keith wants to jump in, but one just kind of high-level question for you. I look at networking, we've really been talking about disaggregation of what's going on. It's really about disaggregated systems. And then you've got convergence and there's other parts of the group that have hyperconvergence. How do you kind of square the circle on those two trends and how do those go together? Well, I think it's pretty similar on whether you go hyperconverge, converge, or do-it-yourself. You build your own block, so to speak. There's a set of buyers that want everything to be done for them. They want to buy the entire stack. They want it pretested. They want it certified. They want it supported. And then there's a set of customers that want to do it themselves. And that's where we see this opportunity around disaggregation. So we see it primarily in hyperscale and cloud, but we're seeing it more and more in large enterprise, medium enterprise, particular verticals where customers are, in essence, looking for some level of agility or capability to interchange their solutions by a particular vendor or solutions that are coming from the same vendor, but might be a different IP, as an example. And I'm really proud of the fact that Dell EMC really kicked off this disaggregation of the hardware and software and networking some four and a half years ago. And now you see some of the, let's say, larger industry players starting to follow suit. And they're starting to disaggregate their software as well. Yeah, I would have said just the commonality between those two seemingly opposed trends, it's scale. Right. How do customers really help scale these environments? Exactly, exactly. What happens a lot around the customer environment? What kind of skill sets do they have? Are they willing to help go through some of that do-it-yourself type of process? Obviously Dell EMC services is there to help them in those particular cases, but we kind of have this buying conundrum of bill versus buy. I think my old friend Chad Sackett used to say there's different types of customers that want a VxRail or build themselves or they want a VxBlock. We see the same thing happen in the networking. There's those customers that want disaggregated hardware and software and in some cases even disaggregated software, putting those protocols and features on the switch that they actually use in the data center rather than buying a full proprietary stack. But we continue to build the full stack for a select number of customers as well because that's important to that particular sector. So again, Tom, two very different ends of the spectrum. I was at ONS a couple of months ago, talked to the team. Dell is a huge sponsor of the open source community. I don't think many people know that. Can you talk about the open source relationship or the relationship that Dell networking has with the open source community? Absolutely. We first made our venture in open source actually with Microsoft in their sonic work. So they're creating their own network operating software and we made a joint contribution around the switch abstraction interface or side. So that was put into the open compute project probably around three and a half, maybe four years ago. And that's right after we announced this disaggregation. We then built basically an entire layer of what we call our OS10 base or what's known in the Linux foundation is OPX. And we contributed that to the OPX or to the Linux foundation where basically that gives the customer the capability through the software that takes care of all the hardware creates this switch abstraction interface to gather the intelligence from the ASIC and the silicon and bringing it to a control plane which allows APIs to be connected for all your northbound applications or your general noses that you want to use or a disaggregated noses that are made what you want to do. So we've been very active in Linux. We've been very active in OCP as well. We're seeing more and more of kind of embracing this opportunity. You've probably seen recently AT&T announced a rather large endeavor to replace tens of thousands of routers with basically white box switches and open source software. So we really think that this trend is moving and I'm pretty proud that Dell EMC was a part of getting that all started. So there was an awful lot of provider talk. You cover both the provider space and the enterprise space. Talk to us about where the two kind of meet. The provider space, they're creating software, they're embracing OpenStack, they're creating plugins for disaggregated networking and then there's the enterprise. There's opportunity there. Where do you see the enterprise leveraging disaggregation versus the service provider? Well, I think it's this move towards software defined. If you heard in Michael's keynote today and you'll hear more tomorrow from Jeff Clark, the whole world is moving to software defined. It's no longer if it's when. And I think the opportunity for enterprises that are kind of in that transformation stage of moving from traditional software defined, or excuse me, traditional data centers to the software defined, they can look at disaggregation as an opportunity to give them that agility and capability. And in a manner in which they can kind of continue to manage the old world but move forward into the new world of disaggregation software defined with the same infrastructure. You know, it's not well known that Dell EMC, we've made our switching now capable of running five different operating softwares. That's dependent upon workloads and use cases and the customer environment. So traditional enterprise, they want to look at traditional protocols, traditional features. We give them that capability through our own OS. We can reduce that with OS partners, software coming from some of our OS partners, giving them just the protocols and features that they need for the data center or even out to the edge. And it gives them that flexibility and change. So I think it really comes at this point of when are they going to move towards moving from like traditional networking to the next generation of networking. And I'm very happy, I think Dell Technologies is leading the way. Tom, I wondered if you could expand a little bit about that. When I think about Dell in this show, I mean, there's a huge ecosystem. We're sitting right near the Solutions Expo, which we'll be opening a little bit. But on the networking side, we've got everything from all the SD-WAN pieces to all the network operating systems that can sit on top. Maybe give us kind of the update on the overview of the ecosystem, where Dell wins. Yeah, I mean, if you think about 30 something years ago and Michael started the company and Dell started, what was it about? It was really about transforming personal computing, right? It was about taking something that was kind of a traditional proprietary architecture and commoditizing it, making sure it's scalable and supportable. You think of the changes that's occurred now between the mainframe and X86. This is what we think's happening in networking. And at Dell Technologies, in the networking area, whether it's Dell EMC or VMware, we're really geared towards this SDX type of market, virtualization, layer two, layer three, disaggregated switching in the data center. Now SD-WAN with the acquisition of VeloCloud by VMware. We're really helping customers transform at the way networking is being managed, operated, supported to give them much more flexibility and agility in a software-defined market. That being said, we continue to support a multitude of other partners. We have Cumulus, Big Switch, IP Infusion, and Pleribus as network operating software alternatives. We have our own, and then we have them as partners. On the SD-WAN area, while we lead with VeloCloud, we have Silver Peak, and we also have Versa Technologies, which is getting a lot of uppicking in the area, both in the service provider and in the enterprise space. Huge area of opportunity for enterprises to really lower their cost of connectivity in their branch offices. So, again, we at Dell, we want to have an opinion. We have some leading technologies that we own, but we also partner with some very good, best-of-breed solutions. But being that we're open and we're disaggregated, and we have an incredible scaling and service department or organization, we have this capability to bring it together for our customers and support them as they grow through their IT transformation. So Dell EMC is learning a lot of lessons as you guys start to embrace software defined. Couple of Dell EMC worlds ago, big announcement, Chad talked about SkellIO and abstracting and giving away basically SkellIO, the basic solution for free. Then you guys pull it back and you say, you know what, that's not quite what customers want. They want a package solution. So we're talking on one end, total disk aggregation, another end. You know what, in a different area of IT, customers seem to want package solutions. Can you talk to the importance of software defined and package solutions? Right, it's kind of the theory of appliances, right? Or how is that software going to be packaged? And we give that flexibility in either way. If you think of VxRail or even our VSAN operating, you know, our VSAN Ready node, it gives that customer the capability to know that we put that software and hardware together, we tested it, we certified it. Most importantly, we can support it with kind of one throat to choke, one single call. And so I think the importance for customers are, again, in my building it myself, or do I want to buy a stack? If I'm somewhere in the middle, maybe I'm doing a hybrid or perhaps a rail type of a solution where it's just compute and storage for the most part. Maybe I'm looking for something different on my networking or connectivity standpoint. But Dell EMC, having the entire portfolio can help them at any point of the venture or any point of the solution. So, you know, I think that you're absolutely right. The customer buying is varied. You know, you've got those that want everything from a single point and you've got others that are saying I want decision points. I think a lot of the opportunity around the cost savings, mostly from an OPEC standpoint, are those that are moving towards disaggregated. It doesn't lock them into a single solution. It doesn't get them into that kind of long life cycle of when you're going to do changes and upgrades and so forth. This gives them a lot more flexibility and capability. Yeah, sometimes we have the tendency to get down the weeds on these products, especially in the networking space. One of my complaints was the whole SDN wave didn't seem to connect necessarily to some of the big businesses challenges. Heard in the keynote this morning a lot of talk about digital transformation. Bring us up to speed as to how networking plays into that overall story, what you're hearing from customers and if you have any examples, I'd love you to hear. Yeah, no, so I think networking plays the critical part of the IT transformation. I think if you think of the first move in virtualization around compute, then you have the software-defined storage. The networking component was kind of the laggard, it was kind of holding back. And in fact today, I think some analysts say that even when certain software-defined storage implementations occur, interruptions or issues happen in the network because the network has then been built and architected for that type of environment. So the companies end up going back and re-looking at how that's done. And companies overall I think are frustrated with this. They're frustrated with the fact that the network is holding them back from enabling new services, new capabilities, new workloads, moving towards a software-defined environment. And so I think this area again of disaggregation of software-defined, of offering choice around software, I think it's doing well and it's really starting to see an uptick and the customer experience is as follows. One is open networking where it's based upon standard commodity-based hardware. It's simply less expensive than proprietary hardware. So they're going to have a little bit of savings from the CAPEX standpoint. But because they move towards this disaggregated model where perhaps they're using one of our third-party software partners that happens to be based in Linux or even our own OS 10 that's now based in Linux, look at that, the tools around configuration and automation are the same as compute and the same as storage. And so therefore I'm saving on this configuration and automation and so forth. So we have examples such as Verizon that literally not only saves about 30% cost savings on their CAPEX, they're saving anywhere between 40% and 50% on their CAPEX. Why? They can roll out applications much faster. They can make changes to their network much faster. I mean, that's the benefit of virtualization and NSX as well, right? Instead of having these decisions of sending a network engineer to a Plaza to do CLI, down into the dirt, as you would say, and reconfigure the switch. A lot of that now is being extracted to a software lever and giving the company much more capability to make the changes across the fabric or to segregate it using NSX micro-segmentation to make the changes to those users or to that particular environment that needs those changes. So just an incredible amount of flexibility. I think SDN, let's say six, seven years ago, everyone thought it was going to be CAPEX. Cheaper hardware, cheaper A6, et cetera. It's all about OPEX. It's around flexibility, agility, common tool sets, better configuration, faster automation. So we all have this Nirvana idea that we can take our traditional stacks, whether it's pre-packaged CI configurations that's pre-engineered, HCI, SDN, disaggregated networking, add to that a software layer, this magical automation. Can you unpack that for us a little bit? What are you seeing practically, whether it's in a server provider perspective or in an enterprise? What are those crucial relationships that Dell EMC is forming with the software industry to bring forth that automation? Well, obviously we have a very strong relationship with VMware, so you have V-Realize and VROps and so forth. And in fact, in the new VX Block 1000, you're going to see a lot of us gearing a lot of our development towards the V-Realize suite. So that helps those customers that are in a VMware environment. We also have a very strong relationship with Red Hat and OpenStack, where we've seen very successful implementations in the service provider space. Those that want to go a little bit more disaggregated, a little bit more open, even from the storage participation like CEP and so forth. But then obviously we're doing a lot of work with Ansible, Chef and Puppet, for those that are looking for more of a common open source set of tools across server, compute networking storage and so forth. So I think the real benefit is kind of looking at it at that 25,000 foot view on how we want to automate. Do you want to go towards containers? Do you want to go traditional? What are the tool sets that you've been using in your compute environment and can those be brought down to the entire stack? All right, well, Tom Burns, really appreciate catching up with you. I know Keith will be spending a little time at Interop this week too. I know I'm excited that we have a lot more networking here at this end of the strip also this week. Appreciate it. Listen to Pat's talk this afternoon. I think you're going to be hearing even more about Dell Technologies Networking. All right, Tom Burns, SVP of Networking and Solutions at Dell AMC. I'm Stu Miniman. This is Keith Townsend. Thanks for watching theCUBE.


Every once in a while I get someone asking me what my personal favorite Super Nintendo games are, and rather than answer that with a boring video that highlights the same old games everyone already knows about, like Chrono Trigger and Mega Man X and Star Fox and Ken Griffey Jr. presents Major League Baseball and on and on, I thought I'd make a quick video about some of my favorites that I only recently discovered through making videos for this channel, plus I figured this might actually be a useful video for some people since there's nearly 400 videos here now, and I can't possibly expect anyone to sit through every one of those, so here are my favorites that I'd either never played before, or I'd just never given a real chance since I started this whole SNES drunk channel thing. 13. We'll start with one I covered just a couple months ago, Uncharted Waters New Horizons is a game from developer Koei, responsible for many bulky, unwieldy games that are really tough to get into, but New Horizons is really fun and worth the effort. There's six different storylines you can play through, there's battles, there's rules, there's trading goods, earning money, and politicking to earn allies. A lot of those Koei games were difficult to play back then, let alone today, but New Horizons is a pleasant surprise that offers a huge variety of gameplay and replay value. 12. And we bounce to the other end of the spectrum with a completely different game, NBA Given Go is a simple, straightforward arcade style basketball game that's compatible with up to four players. The viewpoint here is a little goofy at first, but this is a really fun game. No, it's not quite NBA Jam, but there's no fouls, lots of scoring, and a really fast pace so you can finish an entire game in just 10 or 12 minutes. If you're looking for an under-the-radar basketball game that's aged really well, NBA Given Go from Konami is fantastic. 11. Energy Breaker is a tactic-centric role-playing game for Super Famicom that never left Japan but it has since received an English patch so it's playable today. The developers Neverland were responsible for this one, the same folks behind the Lufia SNES games, and this is one I had a hard time putting down. The weird leveling system is kinda strange, and the battles can be somewhat slow, this game isn't perfect, but the story really drew me in and I was hooked on finding out what would happen to Lyra, the game's main character who starts the game trying to recover her memory and find out about her past. Yeah, objectively there's better role-playing games out there, but this one has stuck with me. 10. Kuan Pa is another Super Famicom game that never left Japan, but this is one you don't even need an English patch for. It's a single-screen puzzle game where you play as a colored cube rolling around a grid matching colors. This is one of those games where when you're just sick of everything else and burnt out on the same old stuff, it's simple to pick up and play, easy to figure out, but really tough to master. Some of the grids get to be pretty inventive. This is one of those games I'd just like to relax to. 9. Before doing this channel thing I'd always assumed Sparkster was just an SNES port of the superior Rocket Knight adventures for Sega Genesis, but it turns out Sparkster is actually its own game with brand new levels and bosses. I won't argue with you if you think Rocket Knight adventures is better, but Sparkster is still such a satisfying playthrough. It's really fun to just crank through the first few levels as fast as you can, blowing up anything that moves, and enjoying that sweet sound design. Konami really nailed it with this game, and it's become one of my favorites. 8. The Super Nintendo is of course known for having some of the best role-playing games ever made in its library, but the sheer number of RPGs the system has can cause games to get lost in the shuffle. That's why I appreciate a game like Liv-a-Liv so much. This is a game that really tried something different within the genre, setting out with seven different storylines, each with their own unique theme and gameplay style that can be played in any order, and all seven converge at the end for one final sequence. On paper that might sound like it's different for the sake of being different and weird for the sake of being weird, but Liv-a-Liv hits a good balance of being innovative without being too gimmicky. It's a great playthrough and well worth checking out if you love JRPGs. 7. Dragonview is an action RPG that alternates between first-person exploration and side-scrolling beat-em-up style action while incorporating item and equipment management and a leveling system. When I first read that this was supposed to be the sequel to Drakken, my expectations were not high, but this is a great game. I wish more action RPGs did this style of side-scrolling gameplay. It makes grinding actually kind of fun instead of just leaning on a button. But yeah, this is another one I like to go back to occasionally since I first found it. It's a surprisingly quality title. 6. I remember first stumbling across King of Dragons and thinking, what's the point? There's already stuff like Magic Sword and Knights of the Round if you want the medieval beat-em-up experience. But King of Dragons is arguably the best beat-em-up on the SNES not named Turtles in Time. It cuts a quick pace, features 5 different playable characters, all with different weapons and ranges of motion, and there's smart enemy design here that'll force you to fight each enemy differently instead of just mashing buttons. And some of the boss battles here are great looking as well. King of Dragons is the total package in a beat-a-bug. No, it's not as good as the arcade, but if you'd rather play on the Super Nintendo hardware, you can't go wrong with this one. 5. Similar to Kuonpa earlier on this list, Don't Ramey Fantasy is another game that's just something I play when I'm burnt out on everything else. There's something about the visual design and the music of this one that's relaxing, and it helps that the controls are spot-on and the level design is interesting. This is another game that originated on the Super Famicom and never made it to the SNES in North America, but was later made available on the Wii virtual console. So if you're looking for a relaxing, low-stress platformer, I'd recommend getting into this one anyway you can. 4. Moving on from cutesy hop-and-bop platformers to gunning down enemies with oozzies and making stuff go boom, True Lies is maybe the biggest surprise I've found in the Super Nintendo library, an Arnold movie game that doesn't totally suck, and you get shotguns and grenades and even a freaking Tom Arnold cameo. What's not to love here? What you see is what you get. Not a lot of nuance, but who cares? True Lies is just plain fun. 3. Front Mission Gun Hazard is a game I've talked about a lot on here. It's my pick for the best game to never leave Japan, because it's like if a game like Cybernator or Metal Warriors were in action RPG, it features all sorts of customization options for your mech, lots of different weapons, people fight alongside you in real time and you can adjust their stats like how aggressive or defensive they are, and in addition to all that, there's a well-told story with some spectacular looking pixel art and a soundtrack made by Mitsuda and Oematsu. This game is freaking unreal. If you like action games, if you like RPGs, hell, if you like video games, you gotta check this one out. 2. I played through Illusion of Gaia and Terranigma long before I ever decided to play Soul Blazer and I put off playing it for the longest time because I always stupidly perceived it as a step backwards, but Soul Blazer has aged extremely well. The way the game is structured lends itself really well to how games are played today with autosaving and all that, you can crank through a section of a dungeon, go back and save, and those monsters will stay destroyed, and that structure works really well with how the story is told as well. So yeah, Soul Blazer might not measure up in the sound and visual department when it comes to its contemporaries, but it's definitely aged well and it's well worth playing today. 1. And my favorite game that I've discovered since doing this channel is Axelay. This was my gateway game into the shoot em up genre. I'd always wanted to get into shoot em ups, but they were usually too difficult and too unforgiving for me. Axelay was the first one I'd played where everything just clicked and it enabled me to dive off the deep end into the crazy world of 16 bit shoot em ups. Everyone's gateway game is different. For many it's you on Squadron or Space Megaforce or Gradius 3, but the shoot em up genre never really made sense to my brain until I played Axelay, and I'm so grateful for that. It's quickly become one of my all time favorite SNES games. Alright that's all for now, thanks for watching and I hope you have a great rest of your day.