Ladies and gentlemen, it's now my very great pleasure to introduce Peter Sutherland. I've been very lucky in that I've known and worked with Peter Sutherland for a very long time. I first knew him when he was a very young attorney general. He afterwards went on to become our commissioner in Europe. And I think something that's not said often enough and it's never said in Britain about the influence of individual Britons, individual English people in particular in Brussels that an individual from a particular country or from any country can actually make a huge influence in Brussels. When Peter Sutherland was our commissioner, he was responsible for the changes in legislation which allowed competition on European air routes and which led, for example, to Irish success stories like Ryanair. He was also responsible for what has become the Erasmus program, which has enabled youngsters and universities all over Europe to spend a year or whatever in another university. And I think we in this country and people actually all over Europe, oh Peter Sutherland, a great deal of thanks for those achievements. Since then he went on to do other things as we know. He went to the GATT, he negotiated the origins of the World Trade Organization, the WTO, which unfortunately has not done much work since he left. He went to work with Goldman Sachs, Allied Archbanks, and now he's the UN Secretary-General, Special Representative for Migration. So it is a great, great pleasure for me to introduce Peter Sutherland. Thanks, Sutherland. Well, first of all, let me say that it's a pleasure to be here. I say that genuinely and I've said the same thing before about IIEA. I think it fills a vital niche in Irish life. It allows for real debate on real issues of great importance and obviously the subject of today's discussion is a classic of its kind. But the contributions that have been made since the foundation, I'm glad to see Brendan here, have been considerable and it's a pleasure therefore for me to be here with you. I'm going to reflect for a couple of minutes a little more broadly than on the direct impact of Brexit, were it to occur. Because I want to preface my remarks by a couple of comments about Britain's attitude to Europe and the distinction that can be drawn between that and our own because that distinction may well play a part in many subsequent negotiations after Article 50 is invoked if the Brexit referendum actually takes place. I do so with great sympathy for the United Kingdom for which I have considerable respect and where Irishmen have been treated well. I was chairman for a time 13 years of BP. When I was asked, I was a bit taken aback not merely by the fact that they hadn't obviously recognized the incompetence that they were endowing themselves with but by the fact that an Irishman was at the time their biggest company becoming its chairman. I never heard a reflection in all the time that I was there on my provenance which I've always proclaimed with some pride. I admire Britain in many respects. We've had our vicissitudes in the past but it has been a haven of democracy. It has stood for the rule of law. It has been a vital part of the continent of which we are all members and I deeply hope for both utilitarian reasons and for matters of principle that Britain remains part of the European Union but that does not blind me to the fact that Britain has a very very different attitude to European integration to the one that I dearly hold myself and which is shared by I think most of my countrymen. I remember once reading Lord Canning saying in 1827 when he was Prime Minister of Britain and the collapse of the concert of Europe as it was called was taking place which was an attempt to create a structure between European countries to avoid wars and create harmony and rules and so on that came out of the Congress of Vienna and he said and it always stuck in my mind the quotation let's celebrate he said the collapse of the Congress of Vienna he said from now on every nation for itself and God for us all now he should have said and God help us all because what was to come was of course a century of the most dreadful pain and suffering but it was a reversal to a world of balance of power and balance of power has always been understandably part of British foreign policy that you should never have any one European state and there's a logic to this with great power because it inevitably leads to conflict so Britain's foreign policy for centuries has been balancing power in Europe and that attitude and an attitude to national sovereignty in Britain is entirely understandable in the context of a country which for a thousand years has not been invaded which sees understandably with the terrible acts that have been perpetrated on the continent most recently by Hitler and Stalin a threat on the other part of Europe for which they do not wish to be they don't wish to be implicated in it and they wish to remain a part this is part of the psyche maybe it goes back some of it to the reformation but whatever the causes there is a different attitude which has been reflected in Europe around her poems since Europe around her poems started to European integration in Britain we on the other hand have a totally different approach and partially because of our relationship with Britain as Tom Kendall, that great Irish patriot who died in Flanders put it to be truly Irish we will have to be European first and in a way and I don't say this in a disparaging sense it was to escape the economic straitjacket that a relationship which was entirely virtually based on economic relations with Britain have created for us and the difficulties that this included even under Anglo-Irish trade agreements for our agriculture as well as everything else that from the date of our inception as a state to the date of our accession to the European Union we were tied with an umbilical cord that was not always comfortable to the United Kingdom so Europe had been part of Europe particularly as a small country sharing in sovereignty with big countries having our Prime Minister having the opportunity to and meet almost on a weekly basis with the Chancellor of Germany or whatever was not merely a heavy experience but it changed attitudes so attitudes here are different and they're reflected in policies and I hope our policy of favouring ongoing European integration remains part of what we believe in and if that means a location saying uncomfortable things to our great friends in the United Kingdom or taking positions which are not the same as theirs then we must do it we must now reside from a commitment which is vital to the future of our country which is Europe a Europe that's going through turbulence which is so extreme caused by the financial crisis the so-called austerity the Greek problem the immigration problem the rise of racist and xenophobic parties all over Europe the increase of nationalism of a varying kind in parties all over Europe the great English European how it was said that Europe was at the European Union an integration process was a mechanism for taming sovereignty a taming nationalism and I agree with that that's exactly what it is and anyone who is unfortunate enough to have to read some of the tabloids in Britain occasionally let alone regularly see the outburst of this variance in much of this Brexit debate not just in Britain but in other places so it's worth it the other quote I want to give to you allegedly was made by a senior representative the most senior representative of Britain in the senior when the treaty was being created but that has been questioned somebody else said that it was actually invalidated chess in Brussels that this was the place that he said it but it's still relevant he said, Monsieur, I have followed your work with interest and sympathetically I have to tell you that the future treaty which you are discussing A, has no chance of being agreed B, if it were to be agreed it would have no chance of being ratified C, if it were to be ratified you would have no chance of being applied and please note that if it were applied it would be totally unacceptable to Britain you speak of agriculture which we don't like of power over customs to which we take exception of institutions which horrify us Monsieur le Président, Monsieur Orvoire a bon sens and he stood up and walked out and maybe it's an example of the debate which we are now having and the second question is this like everybody else with any degree of remote humility I have to admit I haven't been clear what way the referendum is going to work out the opinion mode suggested would be very close the bookies seem to think still it seems to have gone bump back up today to 70-30 or something that it would be fine but if you think to the average taxi driver you are certain that they are already half out so I have no idea what the result would be the most one can say is that we are living in a time of terrible risk and I'm therefore just going to concentrate on something which is already probably being fully covered here and anyone who is bored stiff with the subject which you would be very wise to be please feel free to leave halfway through my speech but I'm going to talk about all I think will happen after the decision is taken on Brexit on balance today and I'm manic depressiveness on balance today I think but actually would probably stay because when you get somebody for whom I have so little regard as Farage making a statement that we will continue the fight after we lose you begin to think maybe he really is beginning to lose and when you get some other politicians with names which certainly reflect reputations which have not been helped by their absurd utterances such as those of Boris Johnson and his ridiculous connection between European integration and the actions of Hitler however he may have couched it you begin to wonder how anyone is likely to be led by such meanderings of course he's not alone in that but the meanderings are virtually all in my opinion on one side rather than the other when the decision to withdraw is taken and I'm going back to my attorney general time which is so long ago that it may be an imperfect legal construction it seems to me inevitable that Britain is going to be faced with and Ireland with the consequences of a very prolonged period of negotiation I was involved as director as he said as director general of Gatton then the first director general of the WTO in the most complicated trade negotiation ever so I think I can claim that I know a little bit about trade negotiation and what is going to happen after the decision is notified which Cameron has already said he will do immediately incidentally there is no legal requirement to notify the day after a referendum that a decision has been taken to leave it could be that the sanction of parliaments delays could delay that but he has said and it seems to me to be politically wise that if the people speak you respond by doing what the people have asked so once the notification of departure is given we move into a situation of uncertainty an uncertainty which is profound as to what will happen next the council of 27 remaining members of the European Union will then have to by consensus which can be interpreted as unanimity agree the guidelines for the commission in a negotiation which will follow with the United Kingdom as to how the relationship will take place following withdrawal Article 50 as no doubt has already been said today has a finite two-year period during which negotiations take place it can be extended but only again with unanimity this puts the United Kingdom in negotiating terms in an extreme situation of vulnerability if for an example of negotiations which will be highly complicated about how the relationship might exist after Brexit take anything like the sort of period that past experiences might dictate would be likely I think you were talking about periods significantly in excess of five years but nobody can tell that if one side capitulated up to the desires of the other obviously it could be very much more rapid but one can only look at the difficulties of the negotiation and the different subjects which I'll shortly touch on to come to the conclusion the likelihood is that it will be a very prolonged period and I may indeed be very optimistic in suggesting the number of years that I did it could be significantly more than that the minute that decision to withdraw is taken and the minute the negotiations therefore begin the entire economic prospect of the United Kingdom in the short term and inward investment in Europe will change this is the fifth biggest economy in the world it is in a situation where it has been advised by the IMF the OECD the governor of the Bank of England the president of the United States and every objective observer and every head of government that has spoken in the subject that this would be a disastrous decision on the other side you have Boris Johnson Lord Lamont Lord Lawson and a number of others I don't know which way I would vote but the bottom line is that the conclusions of those who have carefully researched this is that the immediate effect of the uncertainty before we even get to the probable outcome of negotiations will be devastated it will also have very serious effects on its closest trading partners the most important of all and not just on one side is Ireland because obviously there will be concern about the access to the British market that will be available at the end of the negotiations I think myself that we can be sure of one thing a drawbridge is not going to be pulled up to stop trade between European countries and the United Kingdom overnight but the conditions under which the trade will be conducted in the future may well as a result of the negotiations and the uncertainty about those conditions are important it also may well be the case that in the financial services sector the conclusion will be reached may already have been reached that financial services and the operation of the single passport is unlikely to be part of any final solution and that therefore the conclusion might be that the location of financial sector participants whether it be in banking, investment banking insurance or fund management will be deeply concerned with the prospect of a prolonged negotiation with very serious potential for the non-inclusion in any related internal market condition that may exist after the negotiations between the United Kingdom and Britain in the meantime the United Kingdom which like ourselves would have virtually abolished its internal trade negotiation capacity because all trade negotiations have been conducted on their behalf by the European Union since joining the European Union will be scurrying to try to create in an independent sense a negotiated trade agreement with the 60 plus free trade agreement partners that the European Union has and which Britain will lose as soon as it leaves the European Union this is an absolutely formidable challenge a formidable challenge for which one must even allowing for the great repute and justified reputation of the British Civil Service be very concerned about the capacity to link into and to deal with the challenge that it presents now the result of all of this is that according to I think the best paper on this matter which has been written by Pyrrhus the former head of the Council of Legal Service there are seven different alternatives for Britain in the negotiations which will take place some of them are of less importance in my view than others but the main ones I think probably are the Norwegian model the Norwegian model which is the EEA will require the United Kingdom to accept and apply all of the regulation of the European Union including its competition policy and all of the a key communitaire in regard to goods it will require Britain to accept the principle of free movement of people and it will require Britain to contribute to the budget of the European Union more or less in some equivalent to what it contributes today well when that deal is brought back to Westminster if that were to be the route that is taken one might imagine that some of the political reaction might be what's this all about we've done now and agreed to now everything that we were complaining about and telling people to vote against in the Brexit referendum what will Parliament do on the other hand you could say that today the British Parliament if you were to take the Labour Party at face value and I remember Ed Miliband giving me a statistic which was overwhelming and it was over 90% of his members he told me were firmly in favour of staying in if you were to take all of them at the half of the Parliamentary Conservative Party who would want to stay in almost at any cost there's an overwhelming majority who don't want Brexit in a Parliament which will have to ratify whatever deal is done one can foresee chaos in this situation and severe political trauma in the United Kingdom the second alternative that is generally referred to as being viable is the Swiss alternative the idea of rejoining what Britain after all created after and here again the relationship with Switzerland is in a very bad place at the moment between the EU and Switzerland because the Swiss were obliged to allow free movement of people and recently had a referendum that restricted that free movement the European Union is now talking about their reaction to this and how this is incompatible with the relationship that exists between Switzerland and the European Union and their access to the internal market again Switzerland makes a substantial contribution to the budget of the European Union again Switzerland for access to the internal market is obliged to apply the regulatory framework that is applicable to the members of the European Union again this model which is produced regularly or was until its failings became increasingly evident even in an appallingly unsophisticated debate conducted in the British media it's clear that this will result in a position which is a contradiction of the very decision that the majority of the British people have taken in a referendum if they decide in favour of Brexit so also it will not include financial services the Brexit types make the case that Britain receives more exports than to the European Union than go the other way and therefore Germany has an overwhelming interest for example in maintaining an open free market and undoubtedly Germany does want and we all want an opening free market but the other side of that debate is not referred to in these commons and the other side of the debate is that Britain exports substantially greater services particular financial services than it takes from others its economy is significantly based on financial services and services more generally these will be excluded on the models that we're talking about as they will be excluded if a third route which some say is simply rely on WTO routes rely on the WTO well reliance on the WTO is fine in terms of aspects of tariff policy and some but not all aspects of non-tariff policy but it does not work to cover services and in my opinion services are going to be a key in this negotiation what effect this is going to have on commerce, on investment well it can have both negative effects and positive effects amongst the positive effects from a knowledge point of view is that the financial services sector is going to be under such challenge if Britain leaves Europe that it is certainly going to see how it can accommodate its position in a member state that is part of the union rather than being outside it I'm not saying that Ireland would be first in the list of choices but there are very different and numerous aspects of the financial services sector and there is no doubt that the fear that financial services will lose out which on most scenarios it most definitely will must have a serious impact so we have a series of different approaches some say we can join a customs union like Turkey or we can have a free trade agreement like the one that has just been conducted with Canada by the European Union incidentally an agreement which excludes services as indeed is the case with the Turkish situation there is no doubt therefore in my mind that the high probability and nobody can say anything with certainty on this in regard to a negotiation with that precedent is that it will be impossible to simply ditch the requirements of free movement of people application of the regulatory laws of the European Union of which you are not a member and therefore cannot influence or make financial contributions all of them are very likely to be required in the context of whatever new relationship may develop subsequent to Brexit I say that recognizing that there will be a great deal of support including from this country to finding a way for Britain to maintain its economic relations with us and with other parts of Europe but to do so at the price of destroying the essence of membership to take a step which would create not merely a Europe ala carte but a Europe which is implicitly disintegrating before your eyes where you can be a member of the European single market without being a member of the European Union is in my view inconceivable I don't believe that it can happen in fact the fear of the precedent factor that may result from a company a country leaving the European Union at a time of such turbulence the internal management of the European Union may well influence a situation which the Minister for Finance in France last week made clear negotiations are not going to be easy we're not just simply going to wave goodbye to a member of the European Union on the basis that there is no price to being out of the Union but enjoying all of the benefits of being part of its single market so we're faced in Ireland and really I think I'm not one of those who believes that in the end of the day although it is possible that the negotiations would be so terrible they'd end up with a physical border again being erected between the Republic and Northern Ireland I don't believe that that will happen but on one of and indeed he refers to it in his paper on one of Pyrrhus' hypotheses that could be a result I don't think it will happen I think that a way will be found but I do think that what is happening here is something which is deeply damaging to Ireland north and south I'm amazed that one political party in Northern Ireland is so imbued with a sense of exceptionalism that it is in favour apparently of Brexit it'll be devastating to all sectors of the community both in Northern Ireland in Northern Ireland in particular whilst there may be advantages in terms of foreign direct investment here I certainly don't balance them in any way against the huge uncertainties and damage that those uncertainties will bring if we have this very prolonged period of negotiation with Britain so the outlook at the moment is deeply worrying as I've said no matter what the vicissitudes of our history with Britain we've a huge interest in Britain remaining in the European Union and not just because they're our biggest trading partner they also have a similar attitude to globalization and opening of trade opportunities which are essential to our inward investment flow they were the most supportive of all the states that I remember during the period when I was in the WTO when we were trying to create it the United Kingdom John Major at the time was immensely supportive and governments of left and right have always taken that position in favour of trade in Britain so we have that common interest they have been responsible for not being part of Schengen something I regret I wish we were in Schengen I don't agree with our opting out of anything but I can understand that the common travel area with Britain is an important part of the life of our country in a way which made that decision an extremely difficult one how it could have been accommodated I'm not going to go into now so where do we lie we lie in a situation where the evidence is overwhelmingly in favour of Britain taking the decision to remain in the European Union the case has not been explored in a manner which I would have expected and articulated in a way which is clear in the United Kingdom and admittedly while I've been talking about the intricacies of trade policy is a particularly opaque subject but as every independent commentator has come to the same conclusion about it how could one come to a different one with a wave of an imperious want saying that there'd be no problem we'll get everything we want as soon as we decide to leave it's just utterly unreal the UK accounted for 2.7% of the world's export of goods last year let's not exaggerate the clout that that gives the United Kingdom in its negotiation either with the European Union or the 60 other countries whose special relations it will lose as a result of the European Union bilateral agreements being withdrawn from its purview it has 6.8% of the world's services in 2014 that compares to 26% for the European Union as a whole in terms of services and 14.9% in terms of goods the negotiating position of Europe whether it be in transatlantic trade agreements or in any other trade agreements is infinitely stronger than that which Britain alone will hold when it now has to recreate its negotiating position with the rest of the world it's clear that half well first of all three quarters on the last survey I've seen of foreign direct investors into Britain went into Britain on the basis of the access which it gave to them to the European Union three quarters half of the total value of UK equity markets are owned by non-UK entities these are investing in a country based on that country's involvement in the European Union no wonder that Sterling dives even when Boris announced that he was going to be running on the Brexit side if that can shake Sterling imagine what might shake such Sterling in the event of a decision being taken imagine the disruption that this will have in terms of competitive advantage when in fact you end up in a situation which will obviously immediately impact us in terms of the sale of goods and services so I've nothing to say that is remotely constructive about the possibility of Brexit I'm absolutely convinced that Ireland's interest if Brexit were to occur I can't even believe that anyone could believe that it would be in our interest to leave the European Union quite the reverse we should bind ourselves even more strongly to it and the thought of recreating past relationships and recreating any form of dependency on any one economy would be absolutely wrong to us for us I'm not saying however in terms of the old Irish refrain thank God we're surrounded by water nobody's surrounded by water anymore we need Britain in I remember years ago being amazed in a Sunday independent poll which said when asked the question who are your favourite people we said not the British we said the English not the Americans not anybody else and I think the average Englishman and the average Irishman get along very well and I hope that we continue to do so in the fellowship of what I believe to be a noble undertaking namely the integration of people whilst maintaining our own individual identities within the European Union which has brought us to a stage where our dependence is not exclusive as it was for so long thank you very much indeed thank you very much indeed Peter I think Peter is willing to take a few questions if there are any Ronan, Tynan good to see you again Peter first I must begin by congratulating you on the sterling work you're doing as the UN Special Representative of Migration I mean it is one of the big moral issues of our time and you certainly have done the nation and the European Union and Europe's on the service in that role so thank you very much just in relation to this I'm based in London myself and thankfully I will have a vote in the upcoming referendum but the one thing that does perturb me having attended quite a few debates most recently in the London School of Economics as well is that you never get a full-blooded positive from an economics point of view because obviously politically it's not on in Britain about the benefits of the European Union 78% UK economy 73% in the European Union only a quarter of intra-EU trade is based on services so potentially it's suggested Britain if Cameron got the single market he did get his agreement that there would be an attempt to achieve the single market services which is on the way the UK would gain 7% you made the point about the surface in the city 19 billion exports on the import I mean it's a stunning economic success and how Brexiteers get away this constantly putting down the British economy suggesting Britain is almost this poor almost irrelevant state instead of the powerhouse and dominant power that it is and I'm just going to finish on this thing because you're an expert on non-tariff barriers and it's something I'm constantly trying to bring home to people because it came home very forcefully during John Major's premiership when the European Union issued a directive on the decibel levels of lawnmowers and this produced an explosion of criticism in Britain ministers were door-stepped and they even began demanding an inquiry until it was discovered that Whitehall Mandrans had not only agreed to it but had actually written that actual directive because the Germans had introduced had virtually silenced their lawnmowers and this posed a lethal threat to the British lawnmower making industry but almost silently with no fanfare no publicity until it became discovered that they had completely reversed it by getting an agreement to the decibel level which protected British lawnmower makers I'm sorry for going on a bit about that now but once again we see the powerhouse grits achieving amazing success they never get credit for and it's just amazingly almost a secret positive story that never gets told, thank you all I can say is that it never will be told the reality is that people switch off when you get into the key economic issues this is an emotional issue fed by decades of misreporting stories without foundation about straight bananas which I think emanated from one of the people that I've been referring to fairly constantly now talking about having to sell bananas in groups of three or something of something that Heseltine attacked them on the television for you can't win in this if you have as you have with a significant group of the tabloid media and two at least of the broadsheet media in Britain a visceral presentation of every issue in emotional nationalist terms rather than logical terms there's no way that the debate will be conducted in a manner which is other than a straightforward emotional reaction the result is that the vote that is anticipated people are very worried that young people won't vote because young people would vote to stay in that old people will vote and old people will want to go because they are sold on a past one famous British commentator who's unfortunately dead because he'd have helped in this argument Hugo Young made the famous comment that the problem with the UK was reconciling a past that it cannot forget with the future that it cannot avoid and I think that's spot on but we all have a touch about this but unfortunately in the presentation of this in Britain there's been too much of that and too little of the obvious logic but the obvious logic is unfortunately around complicated things like those which I was trying to talk about and you're never going to be able to sell that politically people aren't interested they're interested in flags the noise of lawn mowers et cetera all if it goes to prove their visceral dislike of government in Brussels which of course itself is a ridiculous simplicity yep I've got one over here first if I may and then I'll go to can Espy always gets preference I was very interested in your introductory remarks about the relationship between Britain and Ireland in the European setting and you invoke what I would call the power question the relationship of dependence which you've finished on as well in my view that's a power question and the balance of power if you like in Britain and Ireland shifted with Europeanization there's no advantage putting it in that much more multilateral setting what seems to be in the event of a Brexit there is the danger from the Irish point of view of re-establishing that relationship of power rather than of interdependence and negotiated interdependence with Britain there would be many of the pressures of scale many of the pressures of economics and politics including the pressures running through and unionism to draw us back towards that orbit one temptation would be to be very soft in the negotiation of the Brexit transition particularly in the short term as against the longer as against the longer term need to put if necessary in a very hard-nosed way Britain through the political trauma you described that would arise from the contradictory outcomes of the decision and the Irish policy dilemma would be whether to hold out for that five-year transition going through that trauma let them go through the trauma they need to go through in Yugo Young's terms if you like which could include risking the breakup of their own political system that also has huge impacts on us so we are I don't want to, the question is what would your comment be about Irish policy hard-nosed as against soft-nosed going through this transition if the objective is towards a somewhat deeper European union to hold itself together to hold the euro together but also bearing in mind that in order to do that it may be necessary to have regard to those who have lost out to globalization around the system including in Britain the people who have been left behind by these recent economic changes so that a deeper union would have to be in my view to gain legitimacy a more social union well, the sting in the tail of your question would open up a major debate the earlier part of your question was really precisely the point that I was raising at the beginning and end of what I was saying I won't go down, not because I wouldn't like to, I won't go down I don't know about social policy and how we should develop that because it's too big to try to handle I believe so passionately both individually and as an Irishman in the vital importance of European integration that there can be no compromise on the support of any position that the United Kingdom might take in negotiations which fundamentally undermines that therefore in the negotiations on free movement before the renegotiation concluded I certainly said and publicly that we couldn't compromise on that and therefore I think our position we have a natural sympathy which I think is good and understandable for Britain I think this is a question of classic diplomacy we have to stand absolutely firm and not be afraid to say it on basic principles of the European Union and in regard to the Brexit negotiation to be prepared to stand on that even if it is inconvenient for our friends at the same time where that is not the case we should try of course to be helpful but as I tried to say Europe is the fundamental issue for Irish foreign policy and the support of Europe is key if this Brexit negotiation is to in any way undermine that then our position has to be which is independent and sometimes inconvenient to our relationship with the UK but I hope that doesn't happen this will have to be the last one Mr Southerland my name is Bob Hannah first of all I'd like to thank you for your wide-ranging and reasoned analysis I promise you a short question my question relates to your former time as a general if Britain leaves the European Union are there specific implications for Ireland that the only other common law jurisdiction will have left Europe thank you I don't believe so I believe that we have been and the United Kingdom has been in some areas of the Justice and Home Affairs portfolio unduly defensive about the common law system and the implied suggestion that it is superior to the civil law processes I just don't believe that I'm not an expert on civil law procedures and so on I'm not sure that a sort of defensive Western Bullock defending the common law system in some places it should be defended in others perhaps not but I don't see that it should worry us but maybe I'm missing a specific subject which you know more about than I do but my own view is I wouldn't worry about that at all I think that there is a sort of a sense you certainly get it in London that the legal system here is so much superior to everyone else that I'm not so sure that we can say the same about either there or here thank you very much I want to thank first of all all of you for coming earlier today and staying which is very important and I think that we were very well rewarded for having stayed today for the contribution from Peter Sutherland and I want to thank him very warmly for agreeing to speak here today and for managing his personal arrangement so that he could be here he is a member of the Commitade of the Institute we are very privileged to have him as such I'm very proud to work with him just say to say to him as somebody who has fought I think something like 30 in referendum campaigns and created three civil society organizations that I just wish there were somebody like him in Britain who was championing the yes side there isn't such a person and I think this is its great weakness because it requires somebody with something in here very strongly beating I think the passion with which you spoke Peter came across so honestly so transparently and with such great force that it could not but move your audience I just wish there was somebody like that in the UK at the moment unfortunately there isn't I just want to say one other thing about your comments which about the squaring of the circle is perfectly clear that there isn't any answer to Britain's demands on the one hand the requirements of the treaties on the other member states there isn't but you are right in saying that there's a mentality in the United Kingdom at the moment which on the Brexit side believes that there is and it reminds me of that wonderful phrase that entered the English language that was actually in a penny dreadful whereas you know at that time they had these serials which appeared every week written by different authors who tried to make the matter almost impossible to solve for the guy writing the next series and as you remember the famous one was the guy being tied to the railway track shackled and weighed down with chains and the train was about 10 feet away from him at full speed and he said let's see what happens to that next week and as you remember the opening line was with one bound Jack was free well that mentality is working now with one bound Jack except that he won't I would hope Peter that you will continue your work in the United Kingdom to energize, motivate and may I say inspire the side that is campaigning to keep Britain in the European Union for all of the reasons that you advanced were very grateful to you and I hope that the applause that you have received from the audience is the sort of recognition that you deserve so thank you


Hi guys Yes, I have really put up Java there That's it's intentional. So Like you might be wondering like why am I talking about templating in Java or like JavaScript? So To give a little background So we had a traditional system in our company like we have been that's been there for almost like 10 years And then we wanted to the revamp the whole UI So at that point of time like we wanted to use the template approach So like the web is moving towards the template and like everyone knows JavaScript is not everyone's cup of tea So not all people who can code they can node these rays So at some point of time you can't really choose node as your server side language So I have to go with other languages like Java Ruby or Python. So we wanted to go with Java so like We figured out we will try to use a template which has both server side and client side support And these are the popular client side templates which are available right now So how many of you guys use at least any one of this either moustache or handle bar or something So like you all all you guys know these are all dominant client side libraries So let's say if you want to use them in the Java So you have no direct way so either you have to someone has to provide you a jar Which is very hard to find because not all JavaScript developers would want to develop something something for Java people So you'll have a trouble with finding the jazz jazz for this particular templating libraries. So We come to like I'll skip this talk if everyone is Agreed that why do we need a server side rendering as well So we have a like everyone now these days like use ember and then angular everything is client side At some point of time you need to consider about server side as well because there are a lot of various aspects that you need to look into so a couple of them are like First loading of initial pages. So whenever if you are using everything in angular By the time like you won't fetch the data will be just showing the loading icon. So that might not be Fine to some of the applications in that applications. You have to really think about providing the server side rendering as well And then like for angular and images I think like people always have trouble finding the ACO for that and there are a couple of alternatives like using quantum JS or some of the libraries like pre-render which internally whenever For a CEO it internally computes that page using phantom.js and then renders it but it's not going to work For all the if the tweet works if you're using a node.js on the server side Else it's out of question So again, like we'll come to templating in Java So if you guys like have a coded in Java like the major templating that we probably would have used is like jsp So does that mean that no, I have a my UI. Do I need to write a code whatever the template both in moustache? And then whatever the dust or whatever the library and the repeat the same thing in the JSP as well, which is going to which it's not a advisable solution because like you're not following the principle of dry there So what we essentially want is the same templating library what we do it should be it should work on both server as well as and the client so like There are a lot of templating libraries and then you can go and figure out if they have a particular jar for you as I said It's not pretty easy to find them so again The question I'm trying to answer here is some of them has jars If you look at the honestly, we don't need jars at all to have any of this templating for the client side libraries because for a long time Java has a internal engine JavaScript engine that you can use to compute Run JavaScript and people have predominantly used it to evaluate dynamic expressions So we can use that and then the problem with like again on the side note So always like jars what happens is you'd like even if you find a jar You'd like you don't you don't look further to use it. So the similar case in the NPN as well. So if you try to use like a lot of jars and a lot of Packages you'll done it to trouble. So this was just a side note So again, like JavaScript 8 Java 8 has a national engine. That's one of the Engine underlying engine which supports a ECMAS script standard. It doesn't really support ES 6 So but it supports till ES 5. So apart from all your crazy Generator stuff in JavaScript, you can run pretty much everything in the server side as well So this is the simple example I hope it's visible to everyone The first part of the code is the script.js. That's the plain JavaScript file and the second part I have a Java code. So what I'm doing is like I'm getting an instance of the the national engine And I'm telling I'm passing I invoking a function with some parameters. It's as simple as that So this is just a hello world example. Let's move to another example So if you take a custom like pretty complex example, what you can do is like you can create a Context we can say that for example, it's I want to use it Does just does the js templates are some other templates You can create a context where you load all your template files and then pass the data and then computes the HTML that is the example and Again here like it's it's split into different pages. So what I'm doing is here I'm creating a binding and I'm passing a named json. If you go back to the previous previous slide So we had that hello name you have the new message. So what that name and count thing we are passing it as a variables in the Java the next slides, please Yes, so again Another slide So how about data like when we talk about templates, right? You have a Template and all you do is pass the data to it. So on a Java and the client said we never had a problem because we use JavaScript Jason javascript object notation But on the server side, you can't really you have you have all your Java objects So for that what you can use you can use any of the porters which converts your Java objects to Jason one of the petty known Library is Jason you can use that library to compute the Jason presentation of your Java model and they can pass that to the template and that's it. So these are the references


The study shows how bond order emerges in ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices due to light-mediated synthetic interactions and presents evidence that dimer phases are analogous to valence bond states. This research expands the Hamiltonian toolbox available for quantum simulation of condensed matter physics via atomic systems. This article was authored by Santiago F. Caballero-Beneaters and Igor B. Meckoff.


In 2017, people are still making brand new Super Nintendo games, cartridge, manual box and all. This is An Unholy Night, The Darkness Hunter, a one-on-one fighting game released in June of 2017 by former SNK staff. So this isn't some fan homebrew, this is a game made by people very familiar with fighting games, the same folks who've worked on stuff like King of Fighters and Samurai Showdown. There's a story mode, two player versus, a survival mode, and a practice mode as well, complete with original characters, nice looking sprite work, and backgrounds and such. Sounds exciting, right? Unfortunately, all this game really has going for it is the novelty of having a brand new Super Nintendo game made today. This game looks, sounds, and feels like a bad Sega Saturn port. The resolution here is tiny. I mean, geez, even Star Fox had more screen real estate than this. The sprites look good on their own, but in motion their choppy is held. Overall the game is so slow, it's like they crammed as much as they possibly could onto a Super Nintendo cartridge, but they had no idea how to optimize the game properly for the hardware. I can see how this game would have been good on Saturn or PlayStation, but on the SNES? No freaking way. Plus there's only six fighters to choose from, compare that to the huge rosters available in games like Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 or Super Street Fighter 2, so with only six fighters the story mode is really short, even for a fighting game. There is at least a final boss character you fight after defeating everyone else, but I'm honestly not sure if he's unlockable or not because I haven't been able to beat the game on the hardest difficulty setting, and the instruction manual which I'll expand on in a bit doesn't tell you if he's playable. The combat itself is actually fine, or at least the ideas behind it are, X is your strong attack, A is your medium attack, and B is a weak attack, up is jump, down then up is a bigger jump, and each character has five special moves, two of which can be performed in midair, and that's in addition to three super special attacks, no really that's what the manual calls them, and those are tied to what's called a synchro gauge. Similar to the rage meter in Samurai Showdown, it fills up and you have the opportunity to do a super special attack or a guard cancel attack which can negate your opponent's special attack. Executing the moves themselves is about how you'd expect from an SNK fighting game, there's nothing too complicated here, but it can be very tough to get the timing down, because again, this game is so freaking choppy and slow, and the sprite animation is so limited that it's difficult to get the rhythm right, but each character does have pretty distinct special moves in addition to synchro gauge trends, which are kind of like little bonuses exclusive to each character, like for example, Emily's gauge increases faster when her health is low, while Reinhardt's gauge increases faster when his health is high. Now, I'm finding out most of this information via the instruction manual, which is useful, despite having some of the most hilarious English you'll ever come across. I mean, it describes the story here, as the fear and enemy of human being since ancient, the darkness word disappeared from the rise of civilization. It describes the character Blaz's personality as bluntly in the rough field, and Reinhardt's synchro gauge trend as, after battle began, bonus amount will be increased for a while. Alright, good talk. Anyway, don't get your hopes up too high when you see Unholy Night for Sale on Amazon for like $18 complete in the box. This game just isn't very good. I do admire what they did with the fighting system. There's some real effort there, but the development team tried to absolutely cram this game onto a Super Nintendo cartridge, and it just doesn't work. The gameplay is too choppy, too slow, and too inconsistent. I mean, compare this to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles tournament fighters. You see how much smoother that is? And here's Fatal Fury Special. Remember, these are games without special chips, developed later on in the SNES lifespan, so they're probably the best comparison for something like Unholy Night, and they're very clearly faster, smoother, and more player-friendly. So yeah, as cool as it is to see a brand new SNES cartridge released in 2017, unfortunately Unholy Night is a stay-away, and only worth picking up if you're an obsessive collector.


Just wanted to make a quick update video since I've been doing this channel for a long time and I feel like I've developed some great relationships from both people I have met and a lot of people that I haven't outside of the internet. As one or two of you know, I like movies. I like them quite a bit. That's why I have a channel dedicated to films. But on top of reviewing, ranting, roasting, and feuding movies, I also like creating my own stuff. I've had several skit shows over the years. I've done other small projects and shows for companies online. And I've even made some homemade stuff over the years, writing scripts and whatnot, which really leads me to my announcement today. This is just me being excited for myself, I guess. I don't do that much, but I'm making a movie script and I'm very happy with how it's going so far. And I just wanted to share that. I got a movie script in the works. I'm going to do the whole thing. It's going to be about 90 minutes. I'm trying to keep it real tight. It's a comedy. It's a family film. It's for all ages, pretty much. I'd say it skews 10 and older. 10 and older is where I would... I'd like to live with the thing. I'm keeping it vague right now because I'm still very early on. I have about 30 minutes of script done. I have the first act completed. I've made several revisions already. I've taken what I've learned over the years from movies I've watched and from things I've created and just comedy shows and other things and I'm really putting it all into this script. I will also be making a pitch board and the goal is to present this to different streaming companies, to different production companies. I have no inside information. I don't know actors really. I know a couple with various, you know, degrees of success, but I don't know Tom Cruise. I don't know anyone at that tier level. Okay, Tom Hanks isn't on speed dial. Because I have an awesome community though of like-minded movie fans, I wanted to kind of like get this out here, put out the feelers for when I do get further along. I'm not asking for money. I'm not asking for an investment. Nothing like that. This is just me simply saying I'm writing a script. I'm very excited. I'm proud of it so far. I don't have a ton of time to work on it, but when I do, I really sink my teeth in and it's something that I'm getting lost in right now and I'm having a blast making it and once it's completed and I have the pitch deck done, then we'll take the next step and I'll figure out hopefully with one or two of your help to point me in the right direction.  Who do I go to? What do I do next? I can Google it of course, but sadly at some point it really does come down to who you know. You would be amazed by the influencers that are on YouTube and TikTok who are only influencers mainly because of who they know. You can go down a rabbit hole pretty quickly and say, oh my god, this person with millions of followers and admirers actually has a relative that helped get them going or they're related to so and so or it's insane. It really is. I genuinely am doing this from scratch. I don't have any insider knowledge. I don't know anyone on the inside. So yeah, this is just the dream as they say. This is the dream. I'm keeping it vague of course for now because it's still early on in the process, but as I get further down the road, I will share more. I definitely want to. If you're a YouTube join member or a Patreon, I will have further information for you, some screen grabs, some behind the scenes stuff, maybe a video or two down the road about the trials and tribulations I had with this thing and some tips for the future.  Just wanted to, I guess pat myself on the back because I've wanted to do this for many years.  It's easy to criticize other people's stuff, right? It's easy to say, well, that movie sucked or that movie was awesome or they should have done this or that. It's another thing to do it yourself. Now that doesn't mean I go the route that others have taken and suddenly start softening on my movie reviews. That's not going to happen. I am not beholden to anyone. I will still definitely give my opinions on whether a Disney movie sucks or it's great or the next Warner Brothers movie or Paramount or whatever it is. Okay. I think that's enough masturbatory celebration. Thank you for listening, for watching the show over the years, the channel, being a supporter, sharing the video, liking all that crap, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. I really do appreciate it though. This has been a passion project for me for many, many years. It's gone through a lot of different forms. It's taken a lot of different shapes, but I'm proud of where I'm at now and I'm happy to take the next step and try to make something myself. Get to the big leagues, I guess, as they say. If you have any thoughts on this, I encourage you to put a comment down if you say, Adam, don't even bother. Give up on your dreams. It's not worth it. Let me know. I don't think I would enjoy that, but you're free to put that down. This is the internet where douchebag comments come to live, come to breed. And on that happy note, I bid you a due and I look forward to seeing you very shortly with another video. Take care.


Hi, I'm Winfried Gehrling and today we have here with us Mark Butler from the University of Potsdam from the Digital Games Research Center. So, welcome, Mark. Oh, thank you, Winfried. Let's speculate a little about the future of storytelling in games or maybe only about the future of games. I don't know, we will see. If you think of all the different types of games and all the possibilities in computer-generated worlds today, why are more or less all games in a mode of simulating 3D worlds in a 2D-representational way as we know it from our reception or maybe from the physical world or better from the mediation of this world, like in photography or film? Well, first off, thank you for the kind words, Winfried. And it's a wonderful question to start off on because, as you point out, games are still stuck in this mode of going for a type of realism that art strived for in its early stages. And games are a very young medium. They haven't started to discover all the possibilities that the historical avant-garde discovered in the 20th century. I mean, when you think of about cubism, daddism, surrealism, I mean, all of these different frontiers are still open for games. That moment they're trying to create photorealistic 3D geometrical spaces that work like the world we know most games. There are obviously very interesting experiments out there that jump between time structures that create non-Euclidean spaces. And these kind of approaches obviously open up completely new storytelling possibilities. And all I can say is, you know, the sky's the limit when it comes to games. We have not even begun to scratch the surface of what is possible. And I think we're going to be seeing much more experimental games coming out. I mean, already we have Beyond Two Souls, which I was talking about, which jumps within the narrative structure of the game where you get episodic spotlights shown on different periods of time of the protagonist, and then you jump forward in time, you jump backwards in time. You have games like Alexander Bruce's Anti-Chamber, which creates a world which looks like a 3D world in a 2D space, but doesn't follow the laws of geometrical space. As we know it, you can walk around in a circle and end up in a different spot. And so that demands of the player to sort of dive into the impossible to make a progress in the game world. And there's all kinds of interesting stuff happening. And so we can just be very curious of what's going to come our way. So that's, like in Portal, what you described already. Is it another direction? Portal worked with this kind of idea. Echo Chrome worked with this kind of idea.  But Anti-Chamber goes much further along these lines because it's not just working with the spatial representation, but just also what can happen in this world. And the way that space bends and morphs and jumps, because as, you know, different theorists has pointed out, especially Mark Wolf, games have their very own kind of spatial structure, and they don't even have to adhere to the physical world as we know it. That's what I wanted to know because a lot of games refer to our known physical world. And so it seems like that it takes a long time that it changes. It's true. It has taken a long time. But then again, you also have to see that games were trying to establish themselves as a serious storytelling media that could compete with, you know, literature or then film, which is basically the main competitor as, you know, companies like Rockstar Games or David Cage, you know, see their work being presented. And so they were striving for, you know, just showing, yes, we can do realistic stories. But once that's been established, I think we're going to see all kinds of very, very interesting experiments going on. And so portal, ecochrome, anti-chamber are just scratching the surface, and they're pushing the boundaries as they do so. There's even more to be said, and we were talking about space. You mentioned time as well. And games also have the possibility that other media don't have, you know, when you have a film, you know, it's basically the pictures are going by 24 frames a second, and it's just moving forward continuously.  But the person viewing the story cannot, you know, move the film around unless they're sitting at home on their watching it on their DVD player, and then they can jump back and forth. But that's not what you're supposed to be doing. When it comes to games, time becomes a spatial dimension. You can travel forward, you can travel backwards, you can slow it down like in Max Payne, you can speed it up. So obviously there's a lot that can be done there. And in general, the whole simulated physics of the game world, you know, the virtual physics is also another fascinating field to explore. Because we don't have to have games worlds with gravity as we know it.  And as games move from showing us, you know, pre-rendered video animation of what happens in the game world to on the fly generation of realistically or, you know, surrealistically simulated game physics, then we're going to have worlds that will be able to offer us experiences that we can't have in our non-virtual life. Yeah, thanks a lot. I appreciate that answer. There are new platforms like the Xbox, which is recognizing up to six different persons in a single room with their movements and their so-called emotions, because they somehow measure how you move and it's then called emotions. It stores a lot of individual data. What will be the effect or will there appear more individualization on or in games like regional or personal styles of the same game? Well, as you said in the beginning, we can only speculate what this will bring. I think the possibility to have six people in front of the Kinect is not going to, you know, go very far because, I mean, the space that the Kinect can scan is limited. So, you know, if you have six people moving around, then obviously the movements that are going to be possible are going to be fairly limited.  Much more interesting, I find the idea that gaming systems will be able to scan and capture emotional reactions of the player because this offers the possibility of making player emotions a part of the game mechanics.  That's part of the game mechanics on the side of the computer generated characters. Now, with the Xbox One, if it delivers on what it promises, we have the ability to have the computer react to the emotional responses of the players. Obviously, people are very different, so I don't know if it's possible to make a game where everyone cries at the same spot and that's the trigger to progress the story, but it definitely opens up some very interesting questions of what might be possible and so that's fascinating. We're definitely going to see a lot more individualization of the gaming content. The system sees what you like, it can react to that, it can change the parameters of the game, it knows where you are, and it can definitely tailor the experience to your personal likes and dislikes. With the introduction of Google Glass and other similar devices, a new quality of mixing realities arose. Is this a symptom for what Levmanovich proposed with the concept of expanded reality? Can we say there is a turn from virtual reality to real virtuality? That's a nice plan. I've actually used that myself in a somewhat different way because when people talk about virtual reality, oftentimes they act like it's not really real and doesn't have an impact on real life and obviously it has a major impact even as virtual reality. There we are already dealing with real virtuality, but the whole topic you addressed, the question of augmented reality I think was the first term to come up and then mixed reality I think is more appropriate. Julian Oliver talks about improved reality, but that's in reference to his art project, the advertiser where he's replacing billboard images with artworks. In general, yes, Google Glass obviously opens up a completely new dimension of gaming that has been there before, but obviously it's not a mass phenomenon. It's augmented reality gaming, something else. It's augmented reality gaming. The first experience were things like Pac-Man, where people are using mobile devices to play Pac-Man in New York City, things like that. If you have Google Glass at your disposal, basically you have a heads-up display in the everyday non-virtual world and you can overlay information, screen over everything and then you can play video games while walking around your city, going to work. Basically it's a further dissipation of the boundary separating work from play and it's inherent quality of the digital media I say per say and it's just continuing a development that has been ongoing for the last 40 years. We can at that point just start to imagine what it's going to feel like living in a computer game 24-7 because basically there are no limits on where the game could pop up in your day-to-day life. Again, that's pure speculation. There might be laws coming up that are going to try and regulate that. Who knows? There might be certain psychological problems people develop because they can't really differentiate between game world and not game world. People always worry about that. I don't think that's a real problem, but if you think about popular films like David Fincher's The Game, obviously you can get a bit paranoid if you're constantly confronted with these highly meaningful messages that are trying to involve you in the story where all you want to do is go to the corner and buy a cup of coffee. I'm very curious to see what's going to happen. Yeah, me too. How will games change while accessing the same game from different kinds of interfaces or platforms like we have recently seen with the development of Sony cross-play concept, which is only one of a lot I think because if you have different interfaces like the iPad or the iPhone or any other interface which is connected to the same game in the same status of the game, what will this change? Well, okay. First off, obviously it's a completely different experience. If I'm sitting in the subway playing a game, whatever, let's say Grand Theft Auto, I'm playing it in the subway. It's not as immersive as if I'm sitting at home in front of my big flat screen TV or even better Beamer with my surround sound stereo system. I can dive into that game in a completely different way than when I'm traveling outside. That's going to change the experience. I don't know how many players will want to do that. Some players will want to max out the time because that's a serious problem when coming to games. They're just becoming bigger and bigger and bigger and demanding more and more of our time, which is becoming a much more precious resource. There might be a lot who will want to do that on their way to work, way back from work, another dissipation of the boundary of the gaming sphere. But at the same time, I'm personally not too sure if these concepts are going to go that far, especially when we're talking about games that are meant to be played not only on the console but with a mobile device in addition. In addition, it's a nice gimmick. Like a second screen when playing a game in front of the computer or the TV. For example, Beyond Two Souls, which I've talked about a lot today, offers the player to have a second player use their mobile device, their smartphone to control the ghost form. The other worldly friend of the protagonist, Jody, in the game world. That offers some interesting possibilities. But basically, if I'm playing the game, I obviously want to control not only Jody but also I didn't. And sometimes I want to do it with a friend, but to be able to really experience the story and move through it, I'm going to play it in single player mode. And just like the Wii U really tries to build on this concept. And so far it's bombed. No one really wants to be looking at a touchscreen and playing a game up there. Somehow that doesn't appeal to many people. It doesn't appeal to me. But talking about interfaces that raises a completely different topic, which I personally find highly fascinating. It's the question of what do new gaming interfaces like the Kinect or like the PlayStation Move, which basically have kinesthetics, have dance, is their interaction paradigm. What kind of stories do they allow us to tell? And these interfaces underline the fact that games tell stories for the eyes, the ears, and the hands, or now the whole body. And that is an innate quality that only this medium has. And every new interface offers new interaction, but also new narrative possibilities. Because the best narration in games is the narration that doesn't sort of come as a side or something put on top. It's something that basically emerges from the interactive structure of the gaming system itself. Okay. So in your opinion, are there other major changes going on in gaming story-wise, which we didn't discuss, or which you didn't think about in your lecture? I don't know, just to think. Well, when you asked me to do this talk, you said you wanted to talk about your sort of sort of visionary stuff too, what's really far out there on the horizon. I don't want to go into neural uplinks or that kind of brain-computer interface, because that's obviously fascinating, but still very far off, not so far from what I think, but still fairly far off. Cup of tea. But when talking about really the visionary future for game-playing storytelling, I personally have this idea of game engines as story engines. For me, that means a game engine that creates a story on the fly, as opposed to, you know, spooling off a story that someone has written and set in scene, and that the player sort of basically retraces the path that the designer set for them. I think that in the future it will be possible for a game engine to generate a believable and consistent and compelling story from, you know, basic programming that is put into it that engages players on the level that stories do nowadays, and that that would basically be the deconstruction of the author, per se, you know, in the form of the game engine.  That would be one prerequisite. Another prerequisite would be to have, well not so much a prerequisite, but another vision would be to have computer-controlled game characters that pass the Turing test, right, that really are so believable that I don't know if it's a computer playing or another human being. Another vision, and it's something that needs to be stressed, so we haven't reached it, is game characters that overcome the Uncanny Valley. We have this development of more and more realistic graphics and enactment of game characters, but they still seem eerily inhuman. You know, I'm waiting for the day that, you know, I can't differentiate between a game-controlled character and an actor, for example. The last point I want to make, and this is actually more close to the here and now than all the others I've made, is what I want to call user-generated story content. You know, we're seeing it in very many other fields.  They create mech, mech into mine, they can put them online, they're sharing it with each other. Obviously, this is something that's very interesting for players.  Like funerals. Funerals, or my favorite example is Eve Online.  And this kind of development is more intriguing than anything any designer could come up with. So obviously, that's already going on. But what I mean when I talk about user-generated story content is that I see a future where designers open up the game engine, and this is something that they've done in other fields in the past, you know, and letting players mod the engine.  I think there's a great future for that. And the whole move is away from these closed games that are, you know, basically in the, just on a DVD and have a beginning, middle and up to creating game worlds that are continuously expanding are very alive and are on the one hand being expanded through downloadable content created by the game companies, but then also downloadable content created by the players themselves. Or been played in the cloud, where you don't have to download anything at all. For example, yeah, yeah. That would be another development. It's true. Forgot about the cloud. Sorry. Sorry, Steve.  But do you think cinema will die? No, no, absolutely not. Absolutely not. Cinema does something completely different than games.  But at the end, it misses the point because games are an interactive experience. You know, I need to be completely differently engaged with a game to partake in that experience. And cinema offers me something else.  And I don't know, with me, it's a very clear decision in the evening. I have three hours time. What am I going to do? Some nights, I want to watch a movie. Some nights, I want to play a game. They definitely have a future of coexistence. So thanks a lot, Mark. My pleasure. Thanks a lot for being with us, Mark, and your rich input you gave. And thanks for you all being with us and see you next week, hopefully.


What's up guys take down here with another comic book video for you guys as you guys know I collect and in 2018 I want to share some of my collections with you guys Now that's not gonna be the main focus of 2018 2018. I would like to do more of Videos where I'm doing something that I haven't done before new things trying new things But anyways, let's get back into this video Today is Iron Man, which I have a smaller than I thought comic book collection of Iron Man But I'm gonna be sharing it with you guys today. So there is a nine part series All these ones are pretty high up in the issue numbers. I will say that But they are some of my favorite comic books. I haven't read them in quite a while and some of them I haven't even read but Starting off. I'm just gonna share the nine part series, which is armor wars 2 starting at is the the first one of the series For armored Wars 2 the nine part series is issue 258 So I'm just gonna show you that one first and then the rest of that Nine part series. So that's the first of the nine part series. Here's number two That is 259 Well, excuse me voice went there 260 which is number three of the four part series That looks pretty Pretty good. I like that You guys know, it's all about design for me and subject matter and who it is. It's just 261 stutter there a little bit. Sorry. I do apologize 262 you get to see more of the face of him 20 stark This one's interesting 263 264 265 and the last one of the nine part series, which is 266 That's the issue number. So pretty high up there Not quite sure what year it is I would say 80s still because Iron Man's been around for years just like spare to man But now I'm getting into more of the interesting ones the ones that I kept because of the design the subject matter Who else is starring in them? So let's just get writing right into it. This is Iron Man versus Iron Man Which I thought was amazing great comic book Maybe I should slow down and actually let you guys see it This one Iron Man. This is issue number 182 and it says in the morning Tony in the morning Tony Stark will be sober or dead That one is quite interesting. This one opens up a bit more of Tony Stark and his issues as opposed to just Iron Man So it's pretty interesting. It's a good read. Good reading material the invincible Iron Man, this is issue number 170 And Iron Man you'll never You'll never you've never seen before. Whoa, I'm screwing up my English today Taking off the helmets Armor for the first time I believe this one I kept because of how funny it is It's called Iron Man is issue number 254. It is called ho-ho homicide Santa Claus Trying to kill Iron Man, so I thought that was pretty interesting It's probably one of the Christmas comics that I actually own of course. It's March March comic Which I don't know how they did it back then but in my opinion they should have made it so it comes out in December or November that would be smart Strategy in my opinion let's have something come out in March and have people want to buy a Christmas edition I don't know about that. I do also have the Punisher three-part holiday series the Christmas special I'll share that with another video. I don't have that this one is all about Iron Man anyways, so Let's just get into this one Iron Man 191 At last the return of the original Iron Man You got the original Iron Man on the cover that is amazing. I love that car that cover That cover is amazing. I'm trying not to stutter here Who is the new Iron Man issue 231? It gets Tony Stark in the backgrounds Out of armor that looks pretty freaking cool issue 243 and you have Tony Stark you get the newspaper cover Tony Stark is on the On a death bed. No, there's police in the background There is police in the background something tells me he got injured the police are there. I Honestly, I'm saying it like that because I have not read it. It's on the to-do list Along with many other things that I just don't have time for lately to do Iron Man versus the captain not Captain America. Just the captain Not one I haven't read either some of these ones. I probably haven't read at this point. Don't tip over there Iron Man grappling with the gray gargoyle Pretty interesting design right there on its own Got Iron Man issue 233 with Ant-Man Interesting read great cover. I like the collaborations if you guys haven't noticed I like collaborations if it's Kind of like this one issue 234 so the next one Iron Man battles together with The amazing spider-man's this one is probably probably one of my favorite Iron Man comics that I own Look at that artwork basic white backgrounds Iron Man spider-man It looks it just looks amazing looks really interesting. I Like it. I love it This is Iron Man with probably my top Superhero, which I don't know if I've ever mentioned it. I did support the t-shirt in the early comic book videos It's still have it so maybe I'll wear that in the future, but The Incredible Hulk Let me see battling with it shellhead and the Hulk stir-join forces with the showdown with the Magia Magia issue 247 Honestly, I'm a huge fan of the Incredible Hulk. I used to own I think it was valued at 25 I think now the value is 50 can't remember the issue number, but it was Wolverine versus the Incredible Hulk Beautiful beautiful comic sadly. I got rid of it. Don't know why now I don't get rid of comics that I really enjoy anymore I keep them in my personal collection because that's what I like doing and finally I have issue 249 Iron Man I'm not sure if it looks like he's battling with it's armor verse armored Avenger versus doom. Okay He's fight. He's facing the doom in this one. So that's pretty interesting I also like whenever a villain of another superhero. So of course fantastic for faces somebody else It gives kind of a new feature to It all it it makes it really interesting. So of course as you guys see I like the collaboration videos a little bit more Hope you guys did enjoy this video Next I really hope I'm gonna be doing the Captain America comic books that I own Sharing that collection with you guys Maybe I'll share more in the future. I do have a small really small maybe five Avenger comics I do have some fantastic for comics. So I might do a Video that shares a whole bunch of different ones in it some of the smaller ones But that's all I have for this video. Hope you guys did enjoy if you did Please leave a thumbs up the comic book videos basically.  I have challenges on the way. I have new case tests on the way spoiler alert Japanese Kit Kats Pocky told Satan Carolina Reaper challenge All is gonna be coming within the next few months gonna be on the channel gonna be making videos gonna be really interesting And I enjoy doing the new things for you guys That's why I like 2018 as I said it's gonna be the year of trying new things For you guys for myself. But anyways, I will leave this video here. Peace


Hi guys, what is up? Welcome to my channel, so before today's video we are going to be covering the brand new Huda Beauty Mercury Retrograde Eyeshadow Palette. So if you are interested in hearing my thoughts on this palette as well as seeing a tutorial of how I got this look then just keep watching. Currently right now this palette is sold out on the Huda Beauty website. The Huda Beauty website was the first place to put this eyeshadow palette on sale, so it did sell out. It is still in stock on Sephora, however I do recommend you pick this up now if you want it because I'm sure a lot of people are purchasing it for this VIB sale, so I will link it down below for you guys. You can get like 20-15% off depending on the tier you are on the Sephora insider scale, but this is a great opportunity to pick this palette up because without the sale it is $67. The big Huda palettes are kind of a lot of money. I say this every time I talk about a Huda Beauty eyeshadow palette, but Huda has a real talent in curating these eyeshadow palettes. I think she creates the best aesthetic, the best color story, and just something that is super pleasing to the eye and the way she lays out her palettes are incredible. So I know some people feel some type of way, but I really feel like the palette curations from Huda are some of the best in the business. So online it says this palette features a cosmic blend of 18 shades and textures, balancing cool and warm tones to deliver infinite possibilities. It's filled with easy to use combinations of dusty coppers, rosy pinks, and golden taupe with pops of purple and blue. It features nine buttery mattes, six high shine creamy metallics, one glitter powder charged with silver sparkles, and two sheer multi reflective shadows for an out-of-this-world glow. So let's get into the packaging. Typical packaging in that it shows Huda's eyes and I don't know it's really cool. It has that really neat mercury retrograde kind of theme, very spacey, and I like the packaging. I don't necessarily love that she does her eyes, but I mean it is still very nice and it's just the name of the brand. You open it up, you have quite a large mirror, and then you have the 18 shades and I mean looking at this palette is absolutely stunning. After just reviewing the new Tati palette like this palette makes the Tati palette look so boring, which is okay. I love a good boring palette, but this palette is very unique, very beautiful. One thing I would like to point out as far as the color story goes is that don't be tricked by these pop. If you've covered the top four colors up here, this palette is quite kind of neutral peachy pinky, which almost all of their palettes are in that tone. So I would say that this palette isn't that unique to their line. Once you get rid of these top four, it looks like a lot of their other palettes. So just keep that in mind. I mean I feel like Huda just really loves the same tones. Tried to make it different this time around, but it still kind of ended up being the same if you take those pops away. But anyways, other than that this palette does contain a lot of different textures, and the textures that are described in line are clearly visible and decipherable in this palette. I know which one the glitter is. I know which one the toppers are. I know which ones the mattes are, and the super creamy shimmer formulas. I know what they are. They're very identifiable. So now let's go into the swatches of this palette. So we are going to start off with swatching this row right here. So we're gonna start off with haze. This color swatches beautifully and pigmented. We do have a little bit of kick up in the pan, but it's not really chalky like a lot of other blues are. Now we're gonna go into mercury. This swatch is really pretty. You can see it doesn't have much of a pigmented base, and I will say just through experience, this is more of a lid topper on the eyelid. It doesn't quite pick up as much color as a swatch does. Then we have nebula, which is a glitter shade. Absolutely stunning. So this one is for the glitter lovers. Now we're going to go on to ultraviolet, which again is one of those lid topper shades. Really pretty. Not really a color I would put on the lid by itself. Utopia. Really gorgeous transition shade and cosmic. A little bit more sheer this color is, but I can see it being a really pretty wash over the lid. That's the first row. Okay, so for the next row, we're going to start off with Supermoon. This has a real multi-dimensional effect. This is like her textured formula. Momentum. A little bit chalky there, but very pretty transition shade. Crash. Libra. Galaxy. That one looks wet. Feels a little bit more creamy as well. Off balance. Okay, so finally time for the last row. We have frazzled another one of those creamy wet formulas. Gold glitch. One of the textured formulas. Karma. A matte. Supernova. Very pigmented and creamy. Hot mess. This one didn't swatch as well as the others, but that's okay. And then finally vortex. From initially swatching, I could tell that this palette was going to be very good. These shadows swatched very well and super easy. Of course, swatching doesn't always dictate how a product applies to the eyes, but just being familiar with their formula in general. I knew that this one was going to be good. Side note, something I forgot to mention. This palette is made in Italy. And I'm not surprised by that because the shimmers in here are absolutely stunning. And I'm gonna be honest just based on my experience from trying a lot of different eyeshadow palettes. Palettes made in Italy are the best. I'm excited that this one is made in Italy. I really love the color story of this palette. I just think it's a little bit different based on a lot of palettes that have released this time of year. I would say it definitely runs much more cool than it does warm. It describes it as a warm ankle palette. Honestly, it's really just a cool tone palette. If you ask me, you can get very ethereal, fairy-like looks with this palette. I don't necessarily think it fits in to the season as far as the color story goes, but that doesn't matter. It's still a beautiful palette. The only thing negative I really have to say about the color story is that I wish there were more shades to add more depth. I can't speak on experience of how this would work on more deep skin tones, but honestly, I can't imagine it being that awesome on somebody with a deeper skin tone. There's really only one shade in this palette that adds any sort of depth.  It's very pastel-y, a lot of bright light colors on the eyes, and the quality of them are good because a lot of times with these lighter colors, they're very chalky. They blend away. That doesn't happen. This is good quality eyeshadows, but you're not going to get a lot of depth with this palette, so just be aware of that. Quality-wise, as I stated before, very good quality. I was quite impressed, especially with this blue right here. A lot of times you'll find that light blues like that are very chalky. This one was not. It applied a good layer of pigmentation on the eyelid, not chalky, not too much fallout. It is a bit brighter, so it did take a little bit of building. The only formula that I don't really love are the two toppers up here, and they do look really pretty with the color underneath, and you just pat that on top, but I just don't love this formula in general from Huda. That's not to say it's not stunning on the eyelid because it is, and their intention is being toppers, but if that's the case, I wish they would have put more flattering base colors as well to go with this shade because I put this color underneath this color, and it really just didn't do it for me. That could potentially just be a me problem, but I just wasn't really feeling the topper shades. Another formula that you need to be mindful of with application is this color here, and this color here. They need to be applied with a finger. They almost need the pressure and warmth of the finger to really press it into the skin. The colors are gorgeous, but if you apply it with a brush, it's going to get really flaky and fall out and not stick to the eyelid. This is not a new formula for Huda, just it needs the warmth of that finger to really work, but other than that, I would say the colors are very easy to work with. The matte selection is a bit pale. I think we could have used a little bit more dimension, but I really do love the colors in here.  I am loving the look that I created today with this palette. Here's how I did it. So the first color that we went into was momentum, and I just applied that underneath the eyebrow to brighten everything up. The next color I took with a big fluffy brush was the shade Haze, that baby blue, and I wanted that baby blue to pop through the look and kind of be the transition shade, so using a big fluffy brush, I blended it all over the crease area, so that was going to pop through any color that I put on top. I then went in with Libra, and I applied that right underneath the blue. As you can see, the shade does not add any depth, but it really began that purple gradient that was going to start on my eyelid to add a little bit of more depth. This berry color hot mess, I blended in my outer corners, and then I also brought that into the crease to add some deepness to the eye, since Libra was so bright. And then taking a very small brush, I took the shade Vortex, which is the deepest color, and I blended that in my outer corner along my lower lash line as well. Even then, I wish this color would have created a little bit more depth. I did find myself having to go back in and rebuilding that depth as I kept blending, so it doesn't necessarily stay the easiest, but it still is super easy to blend, so it's kind of a give and take. I do really like this formula, but it did take a little bit of extra layers to get it to actually deepen. So the next color that I took was Nebula, which is that pressed glitter formula, and this is an amazing pressed glitter formula. I know some of you are not very partial to pressed glitter formulas, but this one's really good. The glitters are extremely fine, and it does feel extremely creamy. It doesn't feel chunky or greasy, like a lot of pressed glitter formulas. I like this formula better than the pressed glitter formula in the Tati palette as well, in case you're wondering. This one is more of a pressed glitter cream eyeshadow hybrid, which is why I think I like it, and all over the lid applied with the finger is beautiful. I know she does sell a brush or like an applicator that's supposed to help with the application. You don't need it. Don't waste your money. Just use your finger, and it stays very well. I don't have any follow, and it's stunning. I would have been happy with a few more of that formula in this palette, because it's a really awesome formula. I then took some of Cosmic, and I applied that to my inner corner. This is that creamy metallic formula. This is a color that I would worry about drying out over time, but it is really pretty if you use your finger all over the lid. You're going to get a high shine metallic foiled finish on your eyelid, and it's also really pretty as an inner corner highlight. Something that I did do off camera was I took some of Supermoon right here, which is that Huda textured formula, and I applied it with a brush, and it does get very flaky like I stated before, but I did just want it to brighten a little extra. And for that purpose it works, but I wouldn't use a brush to apply it all over the lid, because you will get fallout all over your face. You have to kind of rub it into your skin. And then all I really did for my eyes, I did not apply any eyeliner. I just did mascara and these fake eyelashes. These are Queen Bee by Coco Lashes, and that's how I got this look. I just, I love it. And since I'm such a purple lover, I really like this palette. So my overall thoughts of this palette are, I think it's beautiful. I'm very happy to have it along with my other Huda Beauty palette. It's a very good formula and a very solid palette, if you ask me. Not perfect, and I definitely don't think it's for everybody. If these aren't colors that you're into, definitely don't pick this up. If you have a deeper skin tone and you have this palette, please let me know down below how it works for you. I'm very curious, and I'm sure I have other viewers who are as well. And I'm gonna say that sums up this video. I, I really like this palette, and I think the colors are super pretty. And it's different than a lot of other palettes that have come out this season.  Thank you guys so much for watching this review. I hope you found it helpful. Let me know your thoughts on this palette down below. If you haven't subscribed to my channel already, it's up to you, but you might want to do it. And I will see you guys in my next video. Bye guys, have a good one.