DevConf 19 in your hometown. We all know that by now, well, except for some formalities, DevConf is over. I had a sad smiley here, which failed to appear, which terminally saddened me.  No, it was not even a UTF-8. It's something that happened to me. And as you know, and someone is going to present you with much better details next year, we're going to Asia. So first time ever we will have a DevConf in the Far East, which really, really far for most of us, not for them, for the first time. So they will present next. So what happens after DevConf 18? Well, there is a process for choosing who's the next unlucky winner. We should learn at least the basics of the process and love the process. Believe me, it has helped us so much. So basically, roughly speaking, at DevConf N-2, that is right now, some bids will present their offers. And they have still a few months to prepare to ensure everything's right, to even drop out of the process if they feel they cannot meet the standards or whatever. By December, we expect them to verify whether they are viable and continue bidding, or to say, well, you know, I have much better things to do with my time. So presenting now doesn't force you to go all the way through. It just allows you to show your fellow deviant people what you can give them. We want to go everywhere, of course. Of course, we don't want to lose our time. We want presented bids to be real. But I guess some of you remember the Martinica bid. It was beautiful and everybody wanted to go there. Sadly, we don't have any people to show Martinica anymore, but anyway. Sorry? It's always a possibility. So by February or March, the DevConf committee will evaluate and talk and have meetings, and we will decide who is the unluckiest of them all and choose the winning bid. And, well, at the next DevConf, the chosen bid will present as will happen in the next presentation. So what are we looking for? These are many other things. I just came up with this short list, but some important things we want you to keep in mind. We want the destination that is good for the project, that is good for the deviant. We don't care about the quality of our tour destination. I mean, well, yeah, we do, but don't let anybody know. We want to make good use of the sponsor's money. So we don't care if it's a beautiful tourist destination or just a block of concrete. We want a place where we can work. Impact in local communities is good, it is desired, but it's not a deal-breaker. An important point is reachability. We have had several DevConfs in places that are not exactly easy to reach. It's not impossible to choose again. Of course it's possible, but reachability has a strong impact on our choice of venue. Then the venue. Of course, we need places to work, like this auditorium or the others we have here. We need hotclubs, we need a good place with, well, decent conditions, preferably good prices because we have to pay for everything. Accommodation, you have to manage to have hundreds of geeks happily sleeping and trying not to snore on each other. So I'll continue talking. There's lots more to the process, but I think I would bore you and it would be a waste of your time. We have many bits this time that make me happy. I'm asking the bidding teams to make five to ten minutes so we can make some round of questions at the end. So in no particular order, I decided to sort them by reverse of the country name, by some requests that didn't allow me for anything more sensible. So anyway, we're going to present Slovakia, Greece, Israel and Brazil. So please, Andre, come on. It's quite a nice small city with lots of castles, churches and things. There won't be troubles moving around, very much like London or Mexico City. It's got nice streets, parks and other things. Pieces of quite interesting architecture, actually a piece of engineering, but anyway. Yeah, so why Bratislava? First of all, it's Europe, unlike most of other bits. Actually, it's right in the centre of Europe, trademark. There are ports nearby, including Vienna Airport, Budapest and very tiny airport in Brno, which you will unlike if you use, but still. Or you can find Prague, which is a bit further away, but you probably wouldn't want to because it's Prague. There's an airport right in Bratislava, in the city. So it's about 30 minutes from there by bus. Well, there are lots of castles. Some of them are on the picture, but actually they're more. When I did a search for castles in Brno, all of this map was filled with points of interest. Some of them in Austria, as you can see, but still. They're very reachable. Yeah, and there's food. Lots of food, all types of food, and obviously beer. So there are craft breweries in Slovakia, quite a few of them. There's non-craft beer as well, and obviously there's also Czech beer for people who don't like Slavic beer. So unlike in Czech Republic, they don't get Slavic beer, but we have both. Well, we've got public transport. Unfortunately there's no underground, but there are, as you can see, nice low-floor trams and buses and well, two systems who replace the taxis, basically because road for taxis are unusable. There's a community-run bicycle chain scheme. This one, which maybe we can have some agreement with them, so that kind of attendees can use them for free. And well, actually there's a plan for a commercial one. Well, who knows how it goes. And well, there's a venue, which was used by two conferences, which is Slovak Technical University. This building and that building. This one is quite new. They built it like five years ago or something. This one is very old. But conferences happened in both of them. This is OSS weekend conference, which was in the old building, which is still very nice, but fairly old. You can still hack in there. And this is a Pycon Slovakia, which was in the modern building, and it's got very nice rooms and hallways and lecture theatres. So we can use both, and this place is walkable, so even if you don't like the conference, you can go to the Botanical Gardens, which is across the street, or Zoo, which is across the other street. So, yeah, we'll be next to giraffes and other things. Badgers? I'm not sure they've got badgers, but we can check. So, can we provide the salvo? No, no, sorry, sorry, sorry. I'm hoping to please a Greek local team member. You happen to be able to use it. Use it! Use it! Ladies and gentlemen, the team member of the Debian community allow me to present our bid for that conference 19 in Elada, Greece. It's not an actual party, it's not in Mykonos Botanical Gardens. Why do we do Greece? Well, it has very amazing and everything. At least that's what the Greeks probably mean. No, that's what I told the Greeks. Anyway, the food in Greece is amazing. Yeah, the food, I mean. Sea and sun and plenty of amenities. I look at the developers by the time we have a conference. Community in Athens, and there are friendly companies that employ many of us. It's an interesting response, I think, of course. We have one partner. The met-ups are missing, but the UK developers promised to be there. Me, I was passing by and I'm the only one left at this conference. Sorry, sorry. He's on the plane and cannot confirm or deny that I'm doing this and this behind me. Paraguay was informed and totally do this. We'll find out tomorrow. Alban Moray said that they will be there and they will organise this for us. Me and Barton, but like the Greek island, we plan to take over for the conference, but we cannot tell you more for them. Thank you very much. Now, please, the Israeli locality. Which city? Okay, Israelis have the working laptops. I'm not so good with presentations and I have not had so much time to prepare to this, so I'll give things a simple. First off, who is doing this? I started with Lior, who you probably all know, from Front Desk and me. And we have some other people we've talked with. I've not named names, but it seems that... No, not from anybody you know, but it seems that we may have a local team. I'll get to it later. Okay. So, now we get to the matter of the city. Okay, now we get to the matter of the city. It's less of an issue because, as you see, Israel is not so large and most of the people live around Tel Aviv, but getting to any of the other major cities, Jerusalem or Haifa is not that big of an issue. What we plan on doing is having a venue around a big university in Tel Aviv or Jerusalem or Haifa, probably Tel Aviv. And this gives us good accommodations, good connectivity, good location in the city. And from there... Okay, so I guess... Okay, if we say... For instance, if we take Tel Aviv... Okay, so transportation and all of that are well-working, all of that. Plenty of sites to see around. All of that. So, that's it for now. Okay, so we're going to be presenting the Cooley Chiba bit just so I know how many of you have ever been to Brazil. Please raise your hand. And how many of you attended that conference in Porto Alegre in 2004? Oh, okay, nice. Oh, and Argentina, 2008? Okay. Oh, the colors are so bad, but just so you know... It's a very small country. Definitely. So, if you're going to Brazil, probably you're going to take a flight and trade it through Sao Paulo, right? But it's going to be like one ticket and you go to Sao Paulo right to Cooley Chiba. Porto Alegre was the place where we held Debcov 2004. Okay, so the weather in Cooley Chiba is pretty nice, I guess. The colder you will get on the winter is this, when you get a little frost on the grass in the morning. And Debcov will be held in August. We're at winter, right? So it's going to be not so cold and a little... A little heated, yeah. It's a nice weather though. So the Debcov community in Brazil is growing pretty fast. Last year we held the first mini-Debcov in Cooley Chiba and this was the people who were there. And then we also had the Debcov Ruby Sprint in 2016. And this was the Debcov 2017. Lots of people there, right? So we have lots of local communities. We have Hacker Space, some women in tech groups, Python Group, Ruby Group, PHP, WordPress. Getting a visa to Brazil is also required for most of the countries. South American citizens won't need and US and Canada will need. The local team is these people, most of them live in Cooley Chiba. I counted there's 11 people here, 8 people of these live in Cooley Chiba. Oh, we have lots of possible venues. UTFPR, UFPR and PUCPR are universities. Also UFPR is the official Brazilian meaver from Debian, ftp.br.debian.org. And this is the UTFPR main entrance. But we also are thinking about hosting on hotels because we wouldn't have accommodation and people would have to stay at the hotels and maybe why not hold Debcov inside the hotel, too. Oh, Cooley Chiba doesn't have metro stations, but the public transport is considered one of the best, not one of the best, it's considered the best in Brazil. And we have two types of buses, the normal buses, the entry direct lines, and we have the express buses. So the express buses run on BRT, the bus rapid transit, that are these big things and they are pretty fast and always on time. And by the way, this is my preferred bus line in Cooley Chiba. It's 666 New World. The best bus line in New World. So Cooley Chiba also has lots of places to visit. This is the wire opera house and sometimes there are shows in there but most of the time you can go there and visit. There are some animals and stuff. And we also have the museum of Skarnia Meyer, which is a famous architect. And on the back of this museum, there's a pretty nice place with grass and it's pretty common for people to go there on the weekends and have a picnic and walk their dogs, so it's a pretty nice place. We also have a pretty rich wide range of food stuff and this is Feijoada, but it's not meat, but we also have lots of vegetarian options in Cooley Chiba and good ones. And the drinks are somewhat famous, too. How many of you have ever drink Kaipenian? Oh, well, yeah. So, yeah, there are going to be a lot of Kaipenian in Cooley Chiba. Yeah, lots of juices, too. So, there's lots of things to do in Cooley Chiba. This is Adriana, one of the local team members, and he's attending one of the three younger classes that are held pretty frequently in the Botanical Garden. And also, it has been more than 10 years that we don't have a debcom in Brazil. And how many years in South America? Nine years, since we don't have any in Argentina, right? Yeah, so I think that's it. Thank you. Thank you for a couple of questions. So please, one person from each of those great teams come here to answer the questions. We only have one audience microphone over there, so, you know how to work this. What's the presentations? It's an office. Yeah, there you go. To everybody, how far have you got with seeking out accommodation? Have you got prices for accommodation yet? Well, speaking of Bratislava, I think, as this is a university, there are pretty a lot of dormitories, so I haven't yet found out whether we can secure them for this time, but given this summer in Europe, when the conflict will happen, so I suppose most of the students will be away, so I think it shouldn't be a big difficulty. And, well... Sorry, could you repeat the question? Yeah, so have you looked at accommodation available and what sort of prices it's going to be? So, background information on this, we've tried to look at Dubcon for Cambridge quite a bit, and it's killed it every time. Are you saying bad because of the distance between things and the bad prices? How much accommodation and can you get it by 100 people or 400 people? So, speaking of Bratislava, the student accommodation, which probably will be available, the hotels and hostels are not very expensive, which is big as well. Okay, so it's not going to be so expensive because of the currency between the reais, Brazilian money and the dollars, and the revenue is going to be very cheap, probably, because we have public universities, with the FPR and the FPR, and I think that's it. Yeah, $25 per person in the last bit. We were running together with Taiwan, so our bids online on the Ricky page, you can see there all the details. We would have amazing accommodation for hundreds of affordable prices. Thank you. Actually, with several locations, there seemed to be accommodation, but we've not discussed pricing yet. More questions? Specifically for Israel. Visas. Well, thank you. Okay, I have not yet looked into it. I still need to look into it. Could you comment about the crime level of your cities? Bombing or... Well, I dealt with... Well, everywhere there's crime, but I haven't heard of any crime of Bratislava. It's fairly safe. No, it's definitely not more dangerous than Vienna or Prague. Well, I think it's actually more safe than Prague, because, well... So, I think, just like almost all cities, we have dangerous places, but the places where we are planning to host that conf, the venues and the hotels are safe to go. If we pick a Greek island, the whole island will be safe to go. If we pick Athens, the whole Athens will be safe to go.  It will depend on venues and other characteristics, but, yes, on an island, I'm pretty sure there will be a couple of fishermen, a couple of restaurateurs, maybe two tourists and again developers. Generally safe, relatively low crime level. For the Greek delegation, I recommend chartering a pirate galleon with free accommodations above decks during storms. We will definitely look into that. Thank you. Vince, do you have an idea where it will be the day trip? It is tempting to say to Vienna, in fact, we have got lots of things to see, but I saw it myself and around it, like the mountains, hills, lots of places for hiking, well, castles, yeah, well, lots of castles, some of them in Austria, but never mind. I mean, yeah, there are lots of things to see, so we'll figure something out. Well, at least, at least zoo and botanical gardens, yeah. So we can go to the botanical garden, that was the place where the ruby springs photo. We can go to, like, the white opera house and the museum of Scarnia Maya would be a nice place, but Curitiba is also close to the beach, right? So one of the options would be to take a train ride, that is a tourist attraction, yeah. Thank you. And the train ride goes directly to the beach, then you go there, it's their traditional food, they come back. There are various options, we can ascend mountain in person, dive with the gods, a lot more, up to this level. Too many to choose from, and I guess this applies to basically anywhere, but I can easily think of five or six options in Jerusalem and Madang. How many of you would like to come to Taiwan next year? Why not? Yeah, sure. Me and the Greek local team will be glad to be in Taiwan. After this question, who among you is willing to commit to become an organization team for the OPA team, because you have to learn a sport? Well, obviously, because, yeah, even if I'm going to organize a web conference in my city, I need to figure out how it's actually done. Yeah, even though there are two teams in Bratastar which organize conferences and can be involved, yeah, but it's quite different. Yeah, I mean, I'm a student, so if I forget personally, that would definitely help, right? Yeah, but that's it. I fully commit upon an N-Final to do it. If you were to compare your country honestly to other countries in the world in terms of internet reliability and speech, what would we expect for the conference? We have internet. Well, I think we can provide the bandwidth we need. Well, at least the university will certainly be able to. Well, if not, I think we can get some other options. So, in Curitiba, on the central region, it's pretty common to have 100 megabits connection. So, the venues will have like 100. It's not like the best in the world, but it's good enough to work. And the venue will certainly have more than this, like a gigabit or two. We expect to have good internet.  It's part of... The super secret island of Bengal, we'll see. It's under investigation right now.  Okay, the international connection of Israel actually happens to go through Greece. We need not to interrupt, right? International connection. Should we not win this thing? What would you say regarding contacting local companies for sponsorship? Do you have anything in mind? How viable do you think it is? I haven't thought of specific examples, but I have a couple of companies in mind which I will contact differently. Well, that's it. We have a list of possible sponsors on the meet, and it was like... I don't remember the exact number, but it was more than 20 companies. And there are lots of companies which we can ask for sponsors. We have at least more than one company that we have developed very small work for different companies that could be interested. I organized a previous conference in Greece for a smaller project, and there was no problem getting some level of sponsorship at a different level than that. But I am confident. We have not contacted any sponsors directly, but we are familiar with sponsors for other conferences. So it will probably work. How many of you have a very well integrated venue which is on-site, hacking, outdoor hacking, accommodation, and places to give lectures all in one place? Is that possible on your beat? And also it's about childcare. Would you be able to provide it? Childcare. It's a little deviant developer. Thailand will be your playground, and there will be full connectivity from the whole island. I don't know. We will definitely assure that the bit contains this information and has this... I guess in Athens it might be more distributed. If we went to an island it would be more integrated, and there will be childcare. The venue I am thinking of is a university which has got two faculties which both have hosted conferences in the past, and they are quite close to each other, so it should be quite an integrated place. And there is a zoo next to the university, so if you need giraffes or other animals, it's also quite close, which can count as childcare, basically. Are we also going to sleep at the zoo? As I mentioned previously, there is some student accommodation, so I think it should be quite doable without sleeping at the zoo. None of you will have to share with a lion. Brazilian universities doesn't usually have student accommodations, so if you're hosted on the university, we're going to take the nearby hotels, and it's going to be like 200 meters. You can walk easily there, and if you're hosted on the hotel, it's going to be all on site. And about childcare, I don't remember the details from the beads, but it's not something hard to get. We can easily arrange that for everyone who needs it. The current plan is for accommodations and venues in the university. About childcare, again, no specific plan yet. That is somewhere to worry about later. And again, there is nothing yet specific, so I can't commit to this. We'll have to interrupt because we're close to the... We'll have to finish this session. The Taiwan session will present theirs next. Of course, you will understand that we're at the early stages of planning that have been harassing people over the week. I have been kicked out of several countries that really, really didn't want to be. But these four brave people representing each of them are seriously, even if you don't believe... So there are four that are seriously representing a bead. Well, that's a lot of work, but they're going to do it the next following months. So please give a big applause to all of them.


We spoke here about one future, one earth, one family, one world, we need one leader. We want you to inspire other leaders in the world to help drive this agenda forward. And I'm looking as top TV partnership during our board meeting, we will launch an initiative, a coalition of leaders with the one leader as the founding leader.


This time we're going to be looking at Amdahl's law in a different light. One of the most useful applications of Amdahl's law is to understand how and when we should optimize programs. In this case, we have a series of three programs that we'd like to run, and we're going to assume that the amount of computation that each program does is going to be fixed. So when we improve the performance of one of our programs, it's not actually going to affect the distribution that we've got. We're still going to have 10% of our total computation performed by program one, even if program one takes much less time. This should give us some insight into how optimization works, what kind of limits we get, and how Amdahl's law works into all of this. To begin this problem, I'm going to be interested in finding how much time I'm spending on each of these programs on average. So the way I'm going to do this is effectively by computing a weighted average. I'm going to be looking for how much time do I spend on program one on average. So program one is 10% of the total computation that I have to do. So I have 10% times the amount of time it takes to complete one instance of program one, which is five seconds. So overall, for the average program execution, I spend half a second running program one. I will do the same thing for program two. Program two is 20% of my computation, and it takes six seconds to run. So that gives me 1.2 seconds. Then program three takes the remaining 70% of the computation and requires one second to execute. So for the average program execution, I have half a second from program one, 1.2 seconds from program two, and 0.7 seconds from program three. The useful thing that this tells me is that program two is the most expensive thing I've got here at the moment. That can either be because I need to run lots of program twos, or it could just be because program two is expensive. Either way, I will get the most benefit out of optimizing program two because that 1.2 seconds is larger than any of the other options that I've got here. The second most expensive program that I have here is program number three. So if I was going to optimize one of these programs, I'd like to start with program number two, try to improve that as much as possible, and then later I would switch to optimizing program three. But I can also consider, when is it relevant to switch from optimizing program two to program three? When am I more likely to get some benefit out of doing that? And that's going to be when this number gets down to being 0.7 seconds on average as well. So once those two numbers match, then it would be equally productive to optimize either one of them. That means that once I've sped program two up by a factor of 1.2 over 0.7, then it would complete all of its operations in 0.7 seconds on average. Basically, I'm going to take this fraction, I would invert it and apply it to this equation, and the 1.2 would cancel the 1.2 and I'd be left with 0.7. So if I'd like to know how that applies to the actual execution time of an individual program, so I don't have to go back through all of this, then I would take the six seconds that it currently takes to execute, multiply that by 0.7 divided by 1.2. If I multiply both of these numbers by 10, then I have something that's a little easier to work with, as my six will mostly cancel out my 12, leaving me with 7 over 2 seconds or 3.5 seconds. So once program two takes 3.5 seconds or less, then it would be more efficient to go work on program three, try to improve that performance. I'm switching from optimizing program number two to program number three because I'm spending more time on average on program three than on program two, but we can also consider what happens if I just continue trying to improve program two. Eventually I'm going to get to some bottleneck where program two has been improved as much as possible. It's really not taking any more time at all, and I'm spending the rest of my time running either program one or program three, but I'm exerting all of my effort to improve program two, and I'm getting some diminishing returns here. Continuing to focus on program two, even when it's not the most expensive program anymore, is not going to be as efficient. We're going to run into diminishing returns, and we really should just go switch to one of the other programs at that point. This is pretty much what Amdahl's Law is telling us, that you're going to get diminishing returns as long as you only focus on one component of your optimization.


AI X-Prize puts a spotlight on the good that people are really trying to do with artificial intelligence. By working together, investing in science and daring to dream big, we can truly change the game of depression. We'll empower this fight against these criminals exploiting millions of women and children worldwide. Join us and let's end malaria. Join us as we journey towards a future. To bring hope for future generations to come. Our mission here is solving problems. When a prize gets won, that's the beginning. It's all about changing the world.