In the previous lecture we discussed about the different forms in which the equation of motion of a single degree freedom system subjected to a support excitation can be written. They are the first equation is written in terms of the relative displacements of the mass with respect to the support and it is a second order differential equation with the relative motions as unknown on the right hand side of the equation we have the mass times the ground acceleration. The second form of equation was in terms of the total displacement of the structure in which the second order differential equation had the total motions as the unknowns on the right hand side we had the displacement that is the stiffness multiplied by the ground displacement plus the damping coefficient multiplied by the ground velocity. Then these two equations can also be written in a state space form that is in a form in which the second order differential equation is written in terms of a set of coupled first order differential equation. The state of the system is defined by a vector consisting of displacement and velocity and both the state space equations can be written one in terms of the relative displacement other in terms of the total displacement. After that we discussed about the equation of motion for a multi degree freedom system in which we classified the multi degree of freedom system under two classes. First one was single support excitation and the second one was multi support excitation. Of the multi single support excitation the base of the structure moves as a rigid body as a result of that the displacements which are induced at the different floor levels of the frame they consist of the relative displacement of the structure with respect to the base caused by the inertia forces and the second part is the quasi static displacement produced due to the movement of the support as a rigid body. And this rigid body movement therefore produces the same quasi static displacement at all supports. On the right hand side we have an influence coefficient vector or influence coefficient matrix which can be written from inspection in most of the cases. And these vector or the matrix consists of either 11111 or 101010 like that and in most of the cases or most of the problems these influence coefficient vector can be easily written without performing any calculation. Then we explained the equation of motion of a three dimensional frame asymmetric frame with a rigid slab on the top of it. The idea was to illustrate that in writing down the equation of motion the mass matrix need not be always a diagonal mass matrix as it is thought in the case of point mass lumping. It was shown that depending upon the degree of freedom that is chosen the mass matrix could be a diagonal mass matrix, mass matrix also could be a fully populated mass matrix or a coupled mass matrix. We continue with that to show that for also other kinds of structures this kind of scenario may happen that is the point lump mass matrix may be also a coupled mass matrix in place of a diagonal mass matrix. For that we take the example of a pitch loop portal frame and for that pitch loop portal frame the mass matrix is shown over here the mass matrix here is a coupled mass matrix that is the off diagonal terms are not 0 they are having some value and the influence coefficient vector corresponding to that is 1 and 0. The problem for which this mass matrix exists is shown over here this is the pitch loop portal frame this is the pitch loop portal frame which is shown here and one can model it in two ways the first model is this one in which the degrees of freedom kinematic degrees of freedom are the rotations at this point rotation at this point rotation at this point and if we assume the in extensibility of the members then two translational degrees of freedom will be existing and one can choose it in different ways. For model one we choose the displacement degree of freedom one over here and the other at the top that is the vertical motion of the crown. In the second model the two translational degrees of freedom are chosen one here as a horizontal degree of freedom and the other here as a horizontal degree of freedom and for both one can write down the mass matrices and these mass matrices as we will see will be a coupled mass matrix for deriving the mass matrix for this particular two cases. Let us consider this figure in this figure we have a the frame and in this frame what we do is that we give a unit displacement at this point and locking the vertical movement of this particular point as a result of that these moves this point also moves and these moves also horizontally without any vertical displacement. The displacement is given such that a unit acceleration is induced and that is acceleration will be in the opposite direction to the direction of the motion. So, the unit acceleration is induced over here unit acceleration is induced over here and unit acceleration induced over here because of this displacement. The mass times the unit acceleration that is m into unit acceleration will be the force inertia force that will be induced due to the unit acceleration provided over here. Here the force also will be equal to inertia force will be equal to mass times the unit acceleration and at this point also will have inertia force which will be m by 2 multiplied by the unit acceleration acting in the horizontal direction. Since we do not have any degree of freedom declared at this point the mass time unit acceleration this force is decomposed one in this direction other in the direction along this member and this force is finally, transferred to this point. At this point now we have got two forces one force along this the other force in the horizontal direction we take the component of these two forces one in the vertical direction that is the direction of the chosen degree of freedom translation and degree of freedom and the other along this member. So, the component of these two forces which are acting along this member they are finally, transferred to this point and at this point again we resolved those two forces one in the horizontal direction other in the vertical direction. The forces which are resolved in the vertical direction they pass through the column to the support here also the force which was existing in the vertical direction because of the resolution of this force that is also passed to the support. The forces which are the existing over here that is three forces one force is this one plus the two forces which are the components of the forces coming from this point and resolved in these direction these three forces are added together and these three forces would be equal to by definition M 1 1 that is the inertia force produced at this point due to the unit acceleration over here. Similarly, the two vertical forces or the component of the vertical forces in these directions that were obtained these two forces together will give rise to M 2 1 that is the forces generated at this point due to the unit acceleration produced over here. So, these two forces were found to be is equal to 2.5 and 1.67 and so, they are shown over here as the first column and 2.5 is the force which is equal to M 1 1 and 1.67 is the force which is equal to the M 2 1. Now, if you are wanting to find out M 2 2 then what we do we give a unit vertical displacement to this particular point to the crown and log this as a result of this kind of deformation takes place and the deformations takes place in such a fashion so that the lengths of the member do not undergo any change and that can be conceived by with the help of an instantaneous center of rotation. If we extend this line and extend this line then they join over here and this point is the instantaneous center of rotation and this as a set square this triangle as a set square if we give a rotation at this particular point then this point will move perpendicular to the member for small displacement theory. This point will move perpendicular to this member according to the small displacement theory and they do not undergo any change in length because they are moving perpendicular to the members and if the two sides they do not undergo any change in length then the third side also will not undergo any change therefore this length which was there initially the same length remains over here so the condition of extensibility is maintained. Similarly, since this member is moving perpendicular to this member there is no change in length and also since this member is moving perpendicular to it then there is no change in length of this member. So, thus by giving this kind of movement we can ensure that the condition of in extensibility is satisfied. Now this point not only moves vertically down but also moves horizontally or in other words this point moves perpendicular to this. Now one can find out that for a given displacement on this side so that there is a unit acceleration produced in the vertical direction. We will have a component of that acceleration in this inclined direction mass times or m by 2 multiplied by that acceleration will be the force induced over here. Similarly, mass times the acceleration which will be produced over here because of the unit acceleration given over here will be the force which will be acting in the horizontal direction at this point. Since there is no degree of freedom which is defined at this point these horizontal force will be decomposed one into the vertical direction which will straight away go to the support. The other force will be resolved in this direction this will be transferred to this particular point and then this particular force which is acting along this member plus this force these two forces will be resolved one in the vertical direction other along the direction of this member. The component of these two forces in the vertical direction by definition will be equal to m 2 2 that is the inertia force developed at this particular point in the vertical direction due to the unit acceleration given to the crown in the vertical direction. And the component of the two forces which will be acting along this member is finally transferred to this point. The horizontal component of those two forces when will be added together will give the force which will be equal to m 1 2. So, that is how one can find out the forces and the second column of these matrix that is the matrix which is shown over here that is 1.67 and 2.5 they are the forces that are the second column of the mass matrix denoting m 2 2 and m 1 2. So, in the similar fashion one can obtain the mass matrix for the second model that is model 2 and here we have the degrees of freedom which are defined like this that is degree of freedom 1 degree of freedom over here other degree of freedom over here. And for that one can straight away go to this particular figure say that in the case when we are considering this degree of freedom then we give a unit or a give a displacement here such that unit acceleration is induced over here. And at this point we lock it and because of the unit the displacement which is given over here this point will move down. And we will have forces which will be induced over here and these force will be resolved will be equal to the force which is induced at this particular point because of the unit acceleration induced here. The force which is generated here due to the movement of this point along this particular line these force will be resolved in two particular in this particular direction that is the force which will be will be acting at this will be resolved one in this direction other is in this direction. And the force which will be resolved in this particular direction will be ultimately transferred to this particular point. And this component of this force in the horizontal direction will be is equal to m 2 1 and the other component of force which will be in the direction of the column that will simply pass through the column and go to the support. The component of this force on this particular member along this member will finally be transferred to this particular point and this force will be then dissolved one in the vertical direction other in the horizontal direction. The component of the force which is in the vertical direction will simply pass through the support and the horizontal component of the force will get added to the previously calculated value of m 1 1 and the addition of these two values will be the final value of m 1 1. So, that way one can calculate m 1 1 and m 2 1 for the model 2 over here which is shown. In this particular figure and if we look at the mass matrix the first column that is 1.406 and minus 0.156 they are the forces inertia forces corresponding to the unit acceleration provided at degree of freedom 1 which is equal to 1.406 and that is m 1 1 and minus 0.156 which is equal to m 2 1. Similarly, one can find out the second column of the mass matrix by considering the unit displacement at the second degree of freedom locking the first one and dissolving the forces in the same fashion as we have discussed before. The I matrix or the I vector will be 1 1 in this case because of the horizontal and ground motion for the masses both at the two ends that is at B and D the masses will be moving horizontally and therefore, the I vector consist of 1 1. In the previous case for model 1 it was 1 and 0 that is for the mass at B the mass moves in the horizontal direction, but the m by 2 mass which is acting at C that mass cannot undergo any vertical movement. Therefore, I was equal to 1 and 0. If we multiply the I vector with the mass matrix then the effective earthquake force for the two degrees of freedom for the second model they become 1.25 and 1.25 and if the ground motions at the two supports are the same then B and D at B and D the same displacement will take place and as a result of that effectively we will have only one degree of freedom and for that the total mass will be equal to 2.5 as we can see from on the left hand side of the figure and the effective load vector minus m is equal to 1.25 1.25 when these two components are added together then also we can see that the total mass for the case of the same excitation at the two support that turns out to be 2.5 m. So, that is how one can calculate the mass matrices for the different types of the degrees of freedom that can be chosen for a pitch to portal frame and there could be structures where these mass matrix even for the lump mass case could be of this type that is they could be fully populated and the this kind of mass matrix arises for or different kinds of structures with the degree of freedom chosen that is for a particular structure if we choose the degrees of freedom in a different way it could be that the mass matrix can become diagonal if we choose the degrees of freedom in some other way then the mass matrix could be fully populated as we have seen for the case of a three dimensional frame with a rigid slab at the top. Now, let us come to the equation of motion that we write for multi support excitation and before we come to that let me also explain to you how we can derive the mass matrix or that we have solved for the pitch to portal frame using the virtual work method and for that we can use the virtual work method take this figure again and in this figure if we consider the first case that is the case where we have a translational degree of freedom defined here and a vertical degree of freedom defined at the crown for that we give a displacement to this particular degree of freedom walking this one and the displacement in given such that the unit acceleration is produced at this particular point and the unit acceleration all will be also produced at this point and also unit acceleration will be produced at this point as a result of that the inertia forces that will be developed here will be equal to m into 1 here it will be m into 1 and at the crown the inertia force which will be developed is equal to m by 2. Now, let us say this is m 1 1 and this is m 2 1.  So, then there is a virtual displacement of delta which is at this point virtual displacement of delta which is at this point and again there will be a virtual displacement delta. So, we write down now the virtual work equation and the virtual work equation will be m 1 1 into delta that is the force on the left hand side which is acting over here m 1 1 into delta multiplied by m 2 1 into 0 m 2 1 is this vertical force and there is no vertical displacement. Therefore, m 2 1 multiplied by 0 and then the inertia forces they will be acting and since the inertia forces are acting in the opposite direction then it becomes minus m into delta m into delta for this mass m into delta for this mass. So, this becomes minus 2 m into delta and here the inertia force is acting in this direction m by 2 and the delta is in this direction again we write down minus m by 2 into delta and that becomes equal to 0 and from there one can derive m 1 1 to be is equal to 2.5 m which we got also in the previous case. In order to obtain the m 2 1 what is done is that we give a unit displacement to this degree of freedom in the vertical direction and making sure that there is no the making sure that there is no extension of the member or maintaining the inextensibility condition and as a result of that this moves by delta this moves by 4 delta by 3 and this horizontal displacement becomes equal to 2 delta by 3. So, these are all these can these are all all arising because of the geometry of the movement of this particular pitch to portal frame. So, considering an instantaneous rotation over here now once we get that then one can write down m 1 1 into 0 because the here there is no displacement.  So, this direction and we have given a virtual displacement of delta over here. So, m 2 1 into delta then minus m by 2 into 2 delta by 3 the inertia force which is acting over here is equal to minus m by 2 and the displacement that takes place over here is 2 delta by 3. So, this is minus m by 2 into 2 delta by 3 and then this mass this force undergoes a displacement over 4 delta by 3. So, we multiply minus m into 4 delta by 3. So, that gives m 2 1 2 is equal to 5 by 3 or is equal to 1.67 which you got in the previous calculation also. In this particular in this way one can also find out m 2 2 and m 1 1. So, using the method of virtual work one can also obtain the mass matrix of a particular system if it is not a diagonal mass matrix. Now, before we start the multi support excitation let me physically explain the difference between the single support excitation and the multi support excitation and also explicitly mention the difference between the two in so far as the quasi static displacements that are induced at the non support degrees of freedom because of the single support excitation and the multi support excitation. And for that let us take these two figures. In the first figure the first figure is the all the supports are undergoing the same displacement as a result of that the quasi static displacement at this point and at this point will be same as x g. The relative displacement of these two points with respect to the support will be caused by the inertia force time varying inertia force and therefore, at every instant of time t we will have a relative displacement u 1 at this point and u 2 at this point. So, the total displacement at this point and this point will be is equal to u 1 t which will be equal to u 1 that is the relative displacement caused due to the inertia force with respect to the base plus x g that is the quasi static displacement which will be added to that this will mind you this is also a function of time t it varies at every instant of time t. Similarly, u 2 t will be equal to u 2 plus x g because the same ground displacement will be passed on to this support or this non support degree of freedom and this non support degree of freedom. As a result of that the if we take the difference between the total displacements of these two points then the difference between the two total displacements will be same as the difference between the two relative displacements. And in working out the bending moment shear force etcetera we generally require the relative displacement of one point with respect to the other. And if the total the relative displacement considering the total displacements and considering the relative displacement they remain the same then there is no need for writing down the equation of motion in terms of the total displacement we can write down the equation of motion in terms of the relative displacements. And that is why for single support excitation we have written down the equation of motion in the relative displacement coordinate with the right hand side having the mass time acceleration and this is pre of course, pre multiplied by the influence coefficient vector. Now when we come to the multi support excitation then the we see that the ground displacements that are there are different at different supports. Now this is equivalent to a differential support movement problem that means at any instant of time t x g 1, x g 2 and x g 3 will be different leading to a differential support movement problem. And these differential support movement will give rise to certain stresses within the members and also some displacement at this level and at this level. Now this can be obtained by purely a static analysis which can be performed at time at any instant of time t in order to find out the displacement that takes place at this point and at this point because of the differential displacement of the supports. Obviously that to that those two displacements will be a function of x g 1, x g 2 and x g 3 and let us say for the first floor that displacement which is caused due to the differential displacement of these three points is written as u bar 1 x g. Similarly, one can find out at point two a displacement produced due to this differential support movement and that will be a function of again another function of x g 1, x g 2 and x g 3 and let us say that is equal to u bar 2 x g. Now since u bar 1 x g and u bar 2 x g they are different. Therefore, the total displacement when we will be obtaining for u 1 and u 2 for that the relative displacement u 1 which is caused due to the inertia action with respect to the support that u 1 when we add to u bar 1 x g then the u 1 t that is a total displacement at this point is obtained.  Now when we deduct these two displacement or total displacement between these two points in order to find out the displacement of one point with respect to the other to find out the stresses or bending stresses then you find that that does not become equal to u 2 minus u 1 because u bar 1 x g and u bar 2 x g will not cancel with each other as a result of that u 2 minus u 2 t minus u 1 t will not be equal to u 2 minus u 1. And therefore, in order to get the bending stresses in this particular member we have to know the values of the total displacement at this flow level and at this flow level. And because of that reason the equation of motion should be written in terms of the total displacement. Now let us see how we can find out the displacement or the quasi static displacements that are obtained at this point and this point due to the differential movement support movement at this point this point this point say at any instant of time t x g 1 x g 2 and x g 3 are the three displacements. And because of these three displacement the displacement which is caused over here is equal to u bar 1 x g and here it is u bar 2 x g and that we are calling as S x 1 and S x 2 that is the non support degrees of freedom that is the structural displacement 1 and structural displacement 2. Now, considering all the degrees of freedom that is this degree of freedom this degree of freedom this also another degree of freedom this is another degree of freedom this is another degree of freedom. We have in all 5 degrees of freedom we can write down a stiffness matrix in terms of only the displacement degrees of freedom. And in that if the rotational degrees of freedom are present then we condense them out and finally, write down the stiffness matrix corresponding to these 5 degrees of freedom. And once we write down these 5 degrees of these stiffness matrix with respect to these 5 degrees of freedom then we partition them into non support degrees of freedom and the support degrees of freedom. Non support degrees of freedom are called say x x and support degrees of freedom are called say x g that is these degrees of freedom. And if you consider this partition matrix then one can write down K s s into x x x where K s s is this matrix and K s g is this matrix multiplied by x g that should be equal to 0. And from there one can write down x x that is the at the non support degrees of freedom the displacement produced due to x g which is known to us will be equal to minus K s s inverse K s g into x g. That is the x x that is the displacement these two displacement can be obtained from the known displacement at these 3 points x g. We can write down x s in general to be is equal to r into x g where r is a matrix this matrix consisting of minus K s s inverse into K s g. So, for a given frame one can find out this r matrix very easily. And then one can write down the quasi static displacement to be is equal to r times or matrix times the x g that is the displacement which is which are taking place at the supports. And when you are talking about the total displacement x t then this x t can be written as x plus r x g where x is the displacement at the non support degrees of freedom produced due to the inertia effect with respect to the base that is the relative displacement relative dynamic displacement plus the quasi static component is r x g is the quasi static component of the displacement these two displacement together get the value we get the value of x t. And we write down the equation of motion in terms of x t and that is what is shown over here say in this particular problem the first equation the matrices m s s are the masses corresponding to the non support degrees of freedom. The m g g that is the masses with respect for the support or at the support and s g and g s they are the coupling matrices. And this will be x double dot t and this is x double dot g x double dot g are the ground accelerations at the supports whereas, x double dot t is the total displacement at the non support degrees of freedom. Similarly, c matrix and k matrix can be defined and on the right hand side since there is no force external force acting we write it to be 0. And here at the supports if we consider soil structure interaction problem then there may be some forces which may exist at the level of the support therefore, that force will be equal to p g g. Now, this force for the case of no soil structure interaction will be equal to 0. Now, we substitute here for x t. x t is equal to x plus r x g that what we have proved before and once we substitute this then this gives a equation and in this equation we have got m s s into x double dot t plus m s g into x double dot g plus c s s into x double dot t plus c s g into x double dot g plus k s s into x g plus the one term missing over here this will be equal to k x double s g multiplied by x g. So, this term some other is missed out over here it should be present. Now, if I keep all the total displacement terms on the left hand side that is associated with the non support degrees of freedom then the left hand side of the equation become m s s x double dot t plus c s s x dot t plus k s s x t is equal to minus m s g into x double dot g minus c s g into x dot g and minus k s g into x g. Now, what we do for the multi support excitation problem the coupling mass matrix m s g plus m s g and c s g they are generally ignored. In fact, in most of the cases m g g that turns out to be 0 for no such interaction problem and m s g or this coupling masses are also 0. Therefore, one can assume m s g to be is equal to 0 and c s g also to be equal to 0 not contributing much to the equation of motion. And if we ignore that then we get equation 3.15 in which on the left hand side we have all the quantities which are the total displacement total velocity and total acceleration already in terms of the total motion the equation is written on the right hand side we have minus k s g into x g. Mind you k s g cannot be ignored k s g is the coupling stiffness between the non support degrees of freedom and the support degrees of freedom which can be easily calculated. Thus, if we wish to solve equation 3.15 then we need x g or the total volume of the ground displacement to be specified. And then one can straight away obtain the displacement as the total displacement and from there one can work out the any other quantities of interest or any other response. Now, if you are wanting to write down the same equation in terms of the relative displacements then we rearrange this equation 3.15 by substituting for x t with the help of equation 3.12. And once we do that then on the left hand side we keep all the quantities in terms of the relative motion that is x dot and x double dot. And on the right hand side we bring in m s s into r which will be coming from this relationship and c s s into r and k s s into r. And we see that on the right hand side we have these all these three terms which are associated with the ground displacement ground velocity and ground acceleration. Now, since the definition of r was equal to minus k s s inverse k s g into x g from that one can easily show that k s s into x s plus k x g into x g that is equal to 0. And therefore, in equation 3.16 this term becomes equal to 0. Next what we do is that we assume that c s g which was assumed to be 0 in the previous case and the component of c s s into r that basically on the left hand side also do not contribute much to the response as a result of that we ignore this particular quantity. Now, for many problems however, one may not set it to be 0 one may keep one may set c s g to be 0, but one may keep c s s into r in that case we should have also the ground velocity to be specified. However, it has been found that for lightly damped system the c s g plus r into c s s they turn out to be almost equal to 0 or their effect on the solution is very negligible. Therefore, the entire thing is assumed as 0. And so far as the mass term is concerned the m s g is assumed as 0 as before. And therefore, we have the equation 3.19 where we write down the equation of motion in terms of the relative motion of the structure that is relative displacement relative velocity and relative acceleration. And on the right hand side you have got minus m s s r into m x double dot g. The motivation behind writing the equation of motion in terms of relative displacement and representing it in the form of equation 3.19 is to bring a similarity of the equation of motion that exist between a single point excitation system and the multi point support excitation system. Or in other words we try to represent the multi support excitation system equation of motion in the same way as we define for the single point excitation system. Here the difference is only that for the multi support excitation system the m s s or the mass matrix is multiplied by a not influence coefficient matrix i is but a r matrix which is also influence coefficient matrix. But this influence coefficient matrix r is to be computationally obtained by solving a static problem. Or in other words by solving the frame problem by using a matrix method in which we have find out the values of the non support degrees of freedom in terms of the degrees of freedom which are existing at the supports. And that gives the r matrix and the how we have obtained the r matrix that I had shown before. So, thus the mass multiplied by the r matrix multiplied by the r matrix into x double dot g vector that gives the p effective or the effective earthquake force. Now, this concept is explained with the help of this problem equation 3.14. In this problem we are wanting to find out the r matrix for the frame given in figure 3.7. Here this is a shear frame and for this shear frame we have the degrees of freedom, 2 degrees of freedom at the non support degrees of freedom and at the 3 supports we have got 3 degrees of freedom. Therefore, we can easily write down the stiffness matrix and partition them. So, that K s s is the stiffness matrix corresponding to non support degrees of freedom u 1 and u 2 and K s g is the coupling matrix. So, using the coupling matrix K s g and K s s one can find out the r matrix and the r matrix is computed like this and we see that r matrix for this problem is equal to one third 1, 1, 1 that is for all the for this particular problem the influence of all the 3 degrees of freedom are the same on the non support degrees of freedom. The inclined leg portal frame that we have discussed before for which we had obtained the mass matrix that also was solved over here and here again we obtained the values of the K r, r, K s s and then we condensed out the mass matrix. The rotational degrees of freedom and after that we obtained the 2 plus 2 or 4 translational degrees of freedom with respect to that we obtained the stiffness matrix that is the condensed stiffness matrix. Then this was partitioned to the non support degrees of freedom and support degrees of freedom and this is the stiffness matrix corresponding to the non support degrees of freedom and this is the coupling matrix between the support degrees of freedom and non support degrees of freedom and then we obtained the r matrix in the same fashion as before. So, one can obtain the different for different degrees of freedom the r matrix and the corresponding m matrix.


Patriot Prime Reviews is a channel for adult collectors and may not be suitable for children under 13 years of age viewer discretion is advised Hey, what's going on guys? Patriot Prime here once again with another Transformers review, but before I get started I need you guys to do me a favor if you're watching this video right here and are not a subscriber of Patriot Prime Reviews Please hit that subscribe button right now. It won't cost you a thing Will help me and my channel out tremendously. Also, make sure and visit my sponsor toyhacks.com Toyhacks provides reproduction and upgrade decal sets for transformer toys from generation one to the latest modern figures Make sure and stop by the toyhacks armory where they can equip your figures with new weaponry in multiple colors and toy stages provides backdrops for figure displays and photography Each purchase with toyhacks earns you RoboSense that can be used for future purchases. You can check your balance anytime in your cart Toyhacks is a company run by collectors for collectors So check out toyhacks.com and make your collection stand out from the rest and tell them Patriot Prime sent you now on to the review The featured bot in this video is a figure that I was not going to buy I had no interest in getting this figure whatsoever I mean nothing against anybody who went out to getting because you know to each their own But then toyhacks decides to come up with this fantastic looking conversion set to change it into completely different figure and I had to get him. I mean I want that conversion set and the figure I'm talking about is the Amazon exclusive alternate universe sleep mode aka dead Optimus Prime Now just my luck this figure drops to $34.99 on Amazon for a daily deal I passed it up. The next day is when I saw the toyhacks Advertisement Fortunately, I get on Amazon and I got this guy for like $32 Because it was used the packaging was damaged as you can see it's got packing tape here up top There's a bar coach slept right there Amazon warehouse is inspected on the side. I mean the box is jacked up But I'm an out of box collector anyway, and the figure itself of course the box is pretty cool It's this black and white image of Optimus Prime's chest You got the busted window with RC ultra-magnus and hot rod looking on this Optimus Prime is the version That we saw in the 86 movie That turned gray and is dead on Perceptor's operating table So for what I can tell this is a straight-up repaint of Earthrise Optimus Prime with a little bit of Difference, it's a different head sculpt shows some battle damage. So without further ado Let's get this corpse out of the grave and in front of the camera and welcome to Patriot Prime reviews Now once you get the dead Optimus Prime all opened and out of his coffin You'll see he does come with a sheet of instructions and these are a little different than what I'm used to these are in a black White and red color scheme, but they're damn speaking Optimus Prime big old truck just drove by Anyway, where was I yes instead of the normal instructions we usually get this one's done in black white and red and is actually Pretty easy to follow. Of course, like I said, this is a flat-out repaint of Earthrise Optimus Prime So you should know how to transform this guy by now He also comes with his ion blaster and it's done in a very Shiny-looking silver or chrome and I really like the looks of that. That's pretty sweet and then of course you get Optimus Prime himself and This is pretty cool looking it actually looks a lot better in hand Than what I saw in the pictures. It's really cool how they made this gray scale figure It's almost like holding a black and white image I mean the color scheme or lack thereof is really really neat now Let's take a look at the trailer first just like Earthrise man I'm throwing stuff all over the place just like Earthrise Optimus Prime It has a lot of great molded detail all over very generation one looking I like the wheels a lot of people complain right here. There's a lot of gap a lot of hollowness But oh well, I've gotten used to that because of Earthrise Prime now when I opened this guy up and pulled the trailer out I realized why I got this guy cheap and used It's missing the trailer supports Fortunately, my buddy fire tox has hooked me up with these extra trailer support so I can just pop these on Like so So now I can at least utilize the trailer now, of course getting it from Amazon I called Amazon or didn't call them. I sent them a message Complained and they're supposedly sending me a replacement with the Trailer supports and I'll just have to send this one back, but yeah, that's why it was cheap So with these trailer supports here, I can just flip these open Angle them out and get that a little better There we go. So now I've got Prime's trailer supported now opening this up. You have to open the trailer first bring that down The inside just like Earthrise Prime Tons and tons of molded details. It looks great, but very very plain I know that toy hacks decal set that's coming is going to fix up all of this. He also has his little Repair drone just like Earthrise and it's done in that gray scale color as well. And of course this can be removed To work with Earthrise Optimus Prime himself, so that's pretty much it for the trailer And put that to the side and Here we have The Earthrise or the dead Optimus Prime cab and once again the gray scale color Really really works on this figure. You can really make out all those molded details once again Just like Earthrise these things the gas tanks floppy and very very easy I like their color. They got that same chrome look that the weapon had Chrome here on the bumper in the front got uh Drawing a blank here all the kind of a smoky translucent Plastic over the lights nice silver there on the smokestacks I like that. I think that is really really cool looking and definitely something different And then of course once again you can take this here Flip these around Get the door shut Attach the trailer and now you got Earthrise or dead Optimus Prime Ready to roll in to the afterlife. So truck mode is pretty cool. I dig it But now let's take a look at robot mode In robot mode the dead Optimus Prime still has that gray scale color scheme And it really works for this figure. The main difference now is he has this brand new Head sculpt. I mean he's got jacked up antennas.  He's got a busted up mouth plate So pretty unique looking head sculpt for Optimus Prime I do wish they added a little bit more damage to the figure. I mean the windows should be cracked Maybe some cracks along the body some smudges But oh well, I still see what they were going for this figure has all the same articulation as Earthrise Optimus Prime And let's see he's got these silver blaster right here. We'll put this in his hand I do like the looks of that silver gun. That looks really really cool I dig this guy. I didn't think I would but I think he's pretty cool And a different addition to your collection now. Like I said, you can take the drone Attach that to his back here so he's got this Scorponok look to him if you will but I'm not a big fan of that so I can leave the drone in the trailer But all in all this is a pretty cool figure And I'm glad I picked him up even though I'm going to be changing him into somebody else Another accessory that this figure comes with is the Autobot Matrix of leadership You just open up the dead Optimus Prime's chest and there it is and it is exactly Like the one that came with Earthrise Optimus Prime I do like the fact that they added the color inside the chest You've got that Gold bronze color right there. So something they didn't have to do they could have made that all gray as well But I'm glad they at least added that And now for some quick size comparisons. Here's the Transformers alternate universe sleep mode Optimus Prime With Generation 1 Optimus Prime Earthrise Optimus Prime And the Netflix siege Nemesis Prime All in all the Transformers alternate universe dead Optimus Prime isn't a bad figure Granted, it's just another repaint. But my gosh, that's all we've been getting lately But still he's really cool, especially that unique color scheme and the battle damaged head sculpt Still this may not have been a figure I would have rushed out to get if it wasn't for the fact I'm going to enhance him into somebody else So there you go guys the Transformers Amazon exclusive alternate universe sleep mode Optimus Prime Zombie Prime So how's this for timing? I just hear a knock at the door go downstairs and the males here and my toy hacks decals for this Optimus Prime Have just arrived. So let's get these open And yes, I have two large decals sheets to transform this Optimus Prime into a brand new character And I'll be going over these a little bit more in my very next review But the question still remains does a Transformers alternate universe sleep mode aka dead Optimus Prime belong in your collection? Well, if you're a hardcore Optimus Prime fan or a big fan of exclusives Then absolutely, this is a unique look for Optimus Prime. I don't think we've ever got A grayed out Optimus Prime before and I think it's pretty cool, especially with the battle damaged head sculpt But for the normal collectors, I say he's an easy pass because this one is nostalgia fuel only Now guys, if you enjoyed the video, don't forget to like don't forget to subscribe and don't forget to click that bell icon To get notified when I upload new reviews. Once again, this is Patriot Prime signing out Let's get to sticking


I'm Dave Marcus, New York correspondent for the Federalist here. I'm joined again by Melissa Armo with Stock Swoosh. And she's going to talk to us a little bit about this massive GameStop story. So thanks for being with us. Thanks for having me. It's an exciting couple of days here. It seems like it, but so do me a favor.  This shouldn't be too heavy of a lift. And if you were going to explain to someone like me, who's very confused about things like short selling and hedge funds and all that kind of stuff, how would you explain the basic contours of the story and what's happened over the past couple of days? Well, first things first, I want to explain to people what shorting is. A lot of people understand when you buy something and the price moves up, you can make money. So if you bought a stock, say at $5 and it moved to $10, you make $5 per share on that stock that you bought it. Lots of people like to buy. Not a lot of people know how to short. Even people who trade the market actively and invest in the market actively do not know how to short. I will tell you that at the stock switch, what I do is I teach people how to short. I teach people how to go long too, but I teach people how to short, which is a niche, because a lot of people don't know how to short or they don't know how to do it well. Now that being said, we're going to talk about what's happened in the game stock stock, but hedge funds do go long and hedge funds also short. OK, and hedge funds can short a lot too. So that is part of the pressure that happened on the stock that we're going to talk about game stock, but just to explain who short is, it's basically like you're betting that the stock is going to go down. So you're going the opposite direction. So you can short a stock at $10 and it drops in price down to $5. You would make what $5 per share on that. So you can make money betting on something going lower. People don't understand that that's possible. That it absolutely is. You have to have a trading account out of broker in order to short or go long. But the reality is you can make money on basically betting on something to go to the downside. So how do you do that? That involves borrowing stock and then selling it under the assumption that you can buy more back to repay your loan and keep the profit. Well, the proper handles all that. Really, it's really not that difficult. You just have a buy and sell button on your platform. You just press sell or short or buy to buy to cover to exit it. The proper handles all that. Most traders trade on something called margin, which is one of the things we're going to talk about here today that happened with Robinhood. So when you're shorting, you're borrowing the stock from the broker temporarily and again, a lot of traders trade on margin, which which was what caused some of the problem that happened here in the last 24 to 48 hours because Robinhood and interactive brokers and some other places as well will be strict people then to not be able to take certain positions in certain stocks and GameStop was one of them because the brokers were trying to protect themselves because again, they're giving people margin.  What is margin? If the stock costs, say, for example, $100 a share, if you're trading the stock with cash, you need $100 to buy that stock or even short it. But in something where you were trading on margin, you can trade at a broker and if it's for the one margin, you would only need $25 to buy something that costs $100. So you can lose money in the flip side and then end up only money to the broker where they come to collect, but they don't really want to do that. That's not brokers are not in business to go after people for losses. They just want people to not lose more than they have in their account. You understand what I'm saying? Yeah. OK. So. OK. So so we had apparently a lot of people running short on GameStop from these hedge funds. What did the Reddit characters do? Well, I've never used Reddit personally. So I went on there to look in the chat. The interesting thing about it is there's a group of people in there that were buying stock. And then there was a lot of people that were buying the stock. And one of the sites, the guy had one about one million followers. So we had a lot of retail traders that were following him and buying the stock. Today, it's he's got over five million. So this just happened within a 24 hour span of people that are following him and they're jumping on the bandwagon and going after the stock and buying it. But because of the restrictions today, like I said, for some of the brokers, people were having difficulty with it. And now there's several lawsuits that came out today now where people are still in Robin Hood for restricting these trades. But the bottom line is was what happened going to be investigated? Probably now, because it's gotten so much publicity and so much. So many people are talking about it. People are trying to figure out is what happens here legal today? What were these people allowed to basically pump up the stock and then push off the shorts? Because what happened with this GameStop specifically this GameStop is a hedge fund came in and they had a short position in the stock. That happens. The stock price in was really low. It was super different low. Like it was five dollars. And so most of the stocks that these Reddit people are playing on are stocks that are so, so, so inexpensive. So they kind of were to buy them, all right, whether they're in margin or not. It's not like they couldn't possibly do something like this in Tesla would be way too expensive. Many of these people small accounts, many people have accounts for the either risking a hundred bucks, five hundred dollars. So these are cheap stocks that they bought, moved up the price. You had a hedge fund that already had a short position in this prior to the buying coming in and pushed it out and went like that and flipped it up. Now, the interesting thing about this is I always get people because I teach people that are traders and they always say, oh, if I had more money, this that thing, I wish I had more money. At the end of the day, you can make money in the market. If you know what you're doing, whether you have a hundred dollars or a hundred thousand dollars or a billion dollars, if you don't know what you're doing or if you do not manage your position properly, which in this case, you're this hedge fund didn't and I don't explain that in the minute, but the reality is you can make money with small money, you can make money with a lot of money. If you know what you're doing, the problem is a lot of these red people really have no idea what they're doing. The jumping on the bandwagon, the stock tight now today. Some people got out with with profits. Some people are losing money now because of the because they basically did a trade that didn't make any sense. It's not like a stock of great earnings. It's nothing really changed in the stock itself to create this massive, massive price jump up because, like I said, it was about around five dollars and around 20 last Friday was around 70 bucks. And then all of a sudden today it flipped over 500. So to have a move like that for no empirical fundamental reason at all is very unique and strange. And that's why the regulators are going to look at that because the regulators want to see, even though people hate things being regulated, the regulators really want to see orderly markets. And this stock was halted several times today and halted yesterday too. In fact, I'm surprised the stock made it through the day till four o'clock because I thought at one point they were just going to halt it, close it down, reopen it tomorrow morning and tomorrow is probably going to be the same thing. It's going to get halted a couple of times too because they're trying to get a handle on what's happening. There's too many order flows going through in both direction. But getting back to what happened with the hedge fund and risk money in the market, they had a big position in the stock. And what happened was, we don't know the exact numbers, but they came out and made a statement. It was on CNBC where they disclosed that they had lost about a bill. They got out of the position. I don't know if you're out of the whole thing, but they said that they lost about three billion dollars in hedge fund has about 12 billion in it. So they've lost a tremendous amount of the fund in this one position, which it really was poor planning and poor decision making in my mind. And when the stock lifted over the high and they brand all time highs last Friday, the 22nd, when the prices around 70 something before blew up this week, they could have gone out, put it done out with a loss. A lot less have lost than they have right now. They had no risk management on that position. And so so what the hedge fund did really was poor money management. And again, goes back to the point that the day traders that were in this today, yesterday and the other day, if they didn't manage their positions correctly, even though they were up a lot, as much as you can make money in the market, you can also lose money in the market too. And so people have to know what they're doing if they're going to trade. You can't just say, Oh, this is great idea. I've seen on TV and I'm going to buy the stock. Right. I mean, that's gambling. And that's not what I teach people to do. And that's not what I personally do. And I don't think it's a good idea. And now the scrutiny that's going to come in, now they're talking about Congress is going to get involved with this. I mean, it's become a massive, massive problem. And I think they've opened up a can of worms. These Reddit guys open up a can of worms now where everything's going to be scrutinized so that it may not have benefited them in the end. Now, is this is this a case where, say, unlike 20 or let's say 30 years ago, not even 20 years ago, I think, when the technology didn't exist for this guy to have a million followers, that you could have, you know, a AOL chat room or something where a couple hundred or thousand investors were, you know, doing things together, but not on a level that was going to have this kind of impact on the market. Is this something that would have previously been impossible without what a technology like Reddit allows a million people to do simultaneously with small amounts of money? Well, well, first of all, electronic trading, not just social media, but electronic trading has changed. It's much, much faster now and also places like Robinhood. You can open up an account with a couple hundred dollars. You couldn't necessarily do it in the past, who also don't have to have a license to trade. You don't have to have a a series seven license in order to trade your own money. So you can do that. They have no prerequisite requirements at these places for the amount of money that you have to put in compared to years and years ago, where you need the license, you needed a minimum of twenty five thousand dollars. There are so many things that have changed in the last twenty years. It's not just social media. People could have done it back then in the chat rooms, but the way that trades are executed right now within milliseconds so quickly allows it's a it's a combination of fast trading, OK, and execution in the trades on these platforms, more people in the market because they're allowing more people to trade that have not just wealthy people, but people that have a little bit of money, which is great. OK, it adds volume to the market. It creates though the volatility sometimes when you have these fast movements and a lot of people show what's dangerous for people who don't know what they're doing and have small amounts of money is that they can lose it very quickly and they can lose. And that is, I think, one of the reasons why Robin Hood, even though everyone's criticizing Robin Hood about the decisions they made today to not allow certain trades to go off this, they're concerned about people showing them that have accounts with them and saying, I lost money today because you, you know, you didn't let me do this or you didn't cover the order or whatever the case may be. So but in reality, a broker, when you open up an account, there's so many things that you sign. They really can. They can do what they did today. They can close out people's positions. They can say you can't short this stock. They can say you can't buy this stock. They can close out your account. They when you open an account, you sign all this stuff. I mean, they can do many, many things. They have the flexibility to do it because again, they're protecting themselves, specifically accounts that are on margin where they're actually giving you more money than you really have in cash and you are supposed to be responsible to take the trade in place, the trade and get out of the trade. OK, I think that answered the question. Yeah, I think so. So let me let me try to tie this into something that is a little closer to my expertise, which is the politics of this particular moment because this is a situation where we see strange bedfellows where, you know, Ted Cruz is agreeing with, you know, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, where we've seen some progressives sort of suggesting that these redditors, if not that they had a political motivation that like they were extremists and that that that seems to be part of Robin Hood's justification for what they were doing.  I see it on on CNN and on Fox News. And what are the politics here? Are they are they clear or are they just kind of jumbled? I know I don't think it's any clear line as far as political goes. But I think in general, it's just kind of fueling the fire of where we've been heading for the last couple of months and really probably the last year where tensions are high. People are in lockdown. People are on unemployment. People are waiting for this $2,000 stimulus check that they never received and who knows when they'll ever receive it. And so people are at home and they want to trade and they want to make money and they also have free time. So they're in these chat rooms and it's a socialization. People are at home and they're locked down and they can't go out and things are closed here in New York.  So people are looking for means of socialization and talking. So the chat room is a way for people to talk about things that they have common interest in. One is stocks, one is politics. I mean, I'm not in these chat rooms. I just briefly looked at them after what happened last night. I think people, it's just a means for them to socialize like any other place. As far as what happened with AOC and Ted Cruz, it's interesting because she apparently doesn't really want to work with anyone that's a Republican. Even if they agree on something, she can't have said she would work with them. So I don't really know where that's going to happen or again what's going to come of this. Because the Biden administration so far in the press conferences really hasn't wanted to touch on this issue whatsoever at all. But I think it is going to come up as the couple of days go on if it continues to be heated, if the stock continues to be volatile, they're going to have to come out and make a statement about it or something that they're going to do about it. So it'll be interesting to see what that is. So, you know, in terms of the future of the market with the development like this, you know, there's an old story. I think it might be apocryphal, but the JFK's dad, right, managed to get out of the stock market before the crash in 1929 because he heard Shushine Boys talking about their sort of penny investments and stuff. And this spooked him, right? I was talking to a colleague of mine who had a similar modern day story. He apparently has a friend whose favorite stripper is like trading in futures. So how worried are you about, I don't know, call it the lack of professionalization or whatever it is in terms of the stability of the market and people who really are just using it to say like, I want a 401K for my retirement. I don't want to look at the stock page every day. I just want it to be steady and good. I mean, is that under risk at this point? Well, that's why the regulators are probably gonna come in and put the kibosh on us in some way if it continues. That's why Robinhood restricted traders from trading other stocks besides GameStop. AMC was another one of them. I think BBBY was another one. And there was a couple stocks that they said you're not going to be allowed to trade these. In fact, they took them off the platform. Interactive brokers the same thing because they don't want this to turn into something where regular people that don't trade, that just have their money in a 401K and the long-term investments that they're affected by this or that it would in fact affect the overall long-term market. The one thing I will say again, getting back to the cost of these stocks are not stocks that will move the market. If GameStop goes up or down, if AMC goes up or down, it's not gonna affect the S&P. Apple would, okay? But these people would not be trading Apple like that. Why? Because they can't afford to buy Apple at the price that it is right now to do this. They don't have the money to do that. The 5 million people that are in it don't all have the money to do that. Some might. Supposedly one guy made 48 million dollars and had been buying this GameStop and talking about it in a spread it for the last several weeks and possibly even more than a month. Someone like that, they could investigate that person and that person may be in trouble. I don't know if they're gonna allow it. Again, all of those downs to the fact is how far are they gonna take it because they need to have normal markets moving in just in a nice flow where sometimes you move up, sometimes you have a move down, but overall you don't have something getting halted all the time. You don't have something where people are losing their life savings. While some people made a lot of money in this overall, it'll be interesting to see what the percentages are of people that made money or lost money on this. So I think the regulators will make sure that markets stabilize and they will do whatever they need to do to make this happen. There's been a lot of talk as far as people being altruistic about this. They're going after the hedge funds. They're tired of this. They're doing this for a reason. It's a, this is a whole big thing or whatever you wanna call it. In my mind, when I read the chats on Reddit and just knowing what I know about the markets for the last 12 years, I'm telling you right now, I just can't buy into it. People did this to make money. That is it. Boom. Whether they were the reddits, whether they were the hedge funds, people trade and invest money in the market for one reason and one reason only to make money. There might be secondary other things that they, that they're talking about or reasons that they're doing this to teach the hedge funds a lesson. But at the end of the day, in my opinion, people did it for the purpose of making money and people are doing it even now for the purpose of making money. So they will try to regulate this as much as they can, so it doesn't affect people's long-term 401ks. And one of the reasons why you saw, we remember when the market sold off really, really hard it was almost a year ago. It was right before the lockdowns, right before the lockdowns, in the beginning of March, we gapped down one night and saw the clip when all everything went. It was China, right? Well, that was the China travel ban, right? Yeah, yeah, yeah. And it just got out of nowhere. I'm sure that people, like you were talking about this guy that I knew about, I'm sure people knew about that. I'm sure people knew about that. I'm sure people knew about that. And in my opinion, one of the things that Trump was criticized about was not closing down the country as far as the travel earlier. You know what? If he had closed it down January 1st, I don't think it would have mattered. I think it was here in December. I think it was here. There's so much travel that comes back and forth just from New York to China. I think that it was here long before, at the beginning of 2020, anyways that it wouldn't have mattered. It was gonna spread worldwide and that was the end of it. So I think that, I think that as far as these things go, sometimes people do have information. It may not necessarily be insider information, but they, your state, or they may have known someone in China and said, wow, this thing is deadly. And people may have sold their positions before that they sell up, but the recovery, the recovery that we had after that bounce that happened then into those loans that were at some point in March had been astronomical. This rally, they made so many brand new all-time highs in the year 2020. So people in their 401ks are up. People are up. And I always tell people, when you go to your financial advisor, if you don't know anything about the market, you don't know how to recharge, you don't know how to pick stocks to trade in, and you're just in a, most people are like in a bucket. Like they have their 401k, they're in a bucket. They're in this one, this one, this one. If you don't understand it, ask your person to explain it to you or take a class like mine and learn how to rate it yourself if you don't trust the person that they know what they're talking about. Most people are not heavily invested in one thing. I say, don't risk the farm. And one whole thing, and that was the problem with this GameStop. And even the AMC, people are just throwing, I don't think they're just throwing all their money in these stocks. And that's very dangerous. And no one should do that. There was a saying by Jim Kramer, I don't know what year he said this, but he said, bears make money, bulls make money, and pigs get slaughtered. And I think people were saying that this GameStop is gonna run up to a thousand. I didn't see that happening. You can't have a stock like that, go 1,000% without hedge funds buying it as well. And once the news came out that this hedge fund and shorted it and lost a lot of money, I think at the end of the day, a lot of people kind of just wanted to stay away from it. Just wanted to stay away from it. I personally didn't trade it. I have no interest in trading it. It's way too crazy. Like I said, it's basically gambling. I have a strategic reason for why I'm doing something. And that's how you can keep consistent in the market and consistently make money in the market. This idea of getting rich quick, it's kind of like winning the lottery. Could it happen? Yes. Could it happen to a lot of people? No. No, it's not. Yeah. Well, I really appreciate it. This clarified a lot for me. I think I'm gonna continue to stick my money in random drawers around my... No, just the other day, I opened a drawer I hadn't for a while. They were like 13 bucks and a half a pack of cigarettes. So I was thrilled. But this is... Yeah, see? I don't think the money grew in there, but it was there at least. So thanks a lot. I really appreciate this. I think it was very useful for our viewers. And I guess we'll see whether this goes. Talk to you next time. Thanks, David. Okay, thanks.


Next month we are doing a mental javascript October 19th and 20th, it's called JS food Probably going to have about, between somewhere between 500 and 700 people will be there All javascript programmers talking about nothing but javascript, for 2 days On November 2nd and 3rd, we start calling, that's India's biggest android conference So anyone who has any interest in android development, that's a place to be I think we should be somewhere between 800,000 people for that even though On December we are doing one call-pay station, this is about payment gateways How you can do online commerce, sitting in India, what issues are required What technology is required, what regulatory frameworks are required And what the issues is the current state of the market is and so forth That's December 8th All of them are familiar and all of them are on the website So you can go to sce.com, you'll see the list of upcoming events over there So this is, we essentially do this, and apart from this, we also do a number of smaller events Some of our conferences are like, JS food this year was also in Chennai on February 18th It was at the IIT Middlesex Park this year And there's also a co-unification, and the smaller events that we do today For instance, are after events, so these are smaller events They don't cost to not organize, they are completely free And people like Mani, who is clearly an expert in his domain He was a speaker after Mani, who again talked about different things Sikata is not here yet, his second speaker is coming in There's Isaac Leslie, and there is Arvind Krishnaswamy Arvind, I'm sorry, runs a company in Banyur called the Vita, they make mobile apps So Arvind works with both IOS and Android, and he's very good at understanding what the Corporate identity and the differences between these two platforms are And how do you work with this versus that? Arvind is also the program chair for DroidCon So anybody who's speaking at DroidCon essentially is going through Arvind for checking the regular session, he's more than speaking at any event or not So Arvind leads the program committee, EA and a couple of others from the Pragyo and Android are the ones who are helping people come to speak at the event and making sure that the entire event's content is harmonious in the sense that it flows properly from one session to the next and it's designed keeping in mind what someone will be thinking of in the company event whether they're coming as a beginner or an intermediate developer or an advanced server Isaac is an expert on Android user interfaces So Isaac's talk today is not about programming, it's about how to make the user interface that is actually usable A lot of times we end up making user interfaces on the basis of constraints on technology that you design the database model in a certain way that we design the user interface to match the database model That's a typical mistake that we make as developers So Isaac is going to bring in the perspective of how to think about it from a user's end and say think about how the user interface should work and then think about how to make your technology match what the user interface requires So that's going to be the session This is the city of Kapri called Simmerscribe Software They make developer tools So Siddhi and I have known each other for 10 years and he's been a fairly strong Python programmer that's fairly happy to know each other He's also been well known as a gamer So Siddhi is famous for being a touring gamer He goes to different cities to play computer games with other people and essentially see who's the better person to play computer games So he's been famous for that in his past Now he's more famous in being a very good programmer He's pretty good with both Python and JavaScript and today's session is talking about some aspects of JavaScript I think he's talking about project management Which application? Yeah, how to build something that is more JavaScript heavy than back-end heavy So one of the trends that we've been seeing in software development over the last few years is more and more pieces of application are moving completely into the web Particularly into the browser itself Because earlier what you would use, or Windows you would use ASP, ASP.NET or whatever else has been popular Sometimes even VB.NET, there are actually no benefits Sorry, no benefits that you might give me But ASP.NET has been the mainstay for someone working on Windows On Linux it's been VHP, ISK, the LAN combination And then for a while we had a lot of interest in Python for a lot of interest in Ruby and now suddenly there's a lot of interest in JavaScript So part of it is technology waves As technology matures, the excitement level about it goes far beyond what the actual capabilities are That's a win-win phenomenon But what's particularly interesting about what's happening with the JavaScript wave is it's also what the client side uses On your browser you have no choice but to use JavaScript On the server side if you use JavaScript you're suddenly sharing the same code of the server and the client which means you can push computation into the client side And say instead of doing something that's processor intensive on the server side just send the code to the browser and get it done on that side And as long as you can make sure that your data integrity is kept you're essentially improving the performance on your server side because on the client side your browser is running on a computer that's far more powerful than a required browser It's capable of bringing a lot more so sending more processing onto the client side And if the follower is suddenly using a phone which obviously does not have the same kind of processing power then you keep it on the server side again So it becomes really easy now to essentially think about how you scale your web apps and reduce your overall cost of doing it because you're not doing two different languages If you're doing say Python on the server, JavaScript on the client side these are two different scales The way these languages work is completely different you're writing all your code twice if you're trying to basically do this kind of code balancing If you're doing JavaScript it's only one code base That's fantastic and for that reason I'm also a lot more excited about JavaScript than I was about Python or Ruby Both of them are fantastic languages but they don't have the advantage that JavaScript is bringing it So JavaScript obviously is a language with many, many faults It's a language that's never gone through a stage of coming up to maturity within a small group and then going mainstream It went into mainstream before it was ready to go mainstream and that is the topic of many stocks He's going to talk about how the language itself has been thrust into a position that most languages would not survive You take a language that's not designed to be properly used and tell everybody that it's not only in your browser you can start using it Now what usually happens is that that kind of question usually fails One notable example is X-streamer It's a standard that so many people push really hard It's a standard that ultimately still seems very small at option It's been completely replaced by X-streamer by these ways It's an example of a standard where you try to do things the proper way but clearly it's got its problems and therefore it does not get adopted despite the fact that it's actually available JavaScript, on the other hand, is a language which has serious problems but is so very successful because of a few small things about it that are interesting and that is what he's going to talk about So money is a CTO of Rinscape another company based here in Chennai and Mani and I have known each other for a few years and I've been quite impressed with what he's been building So Rinscape has a product called Visual Pass New product is called Cisflowers Cisflowers and Mani also was a Google Ivo earlier this year presenting on stage at that conference about the product that he's been building and that clearly is a significant achievement Somebody can build a product out of Chennai that is recognized on the global scale and brought out there So that's quite a much boost Thanks