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What can you tell me about this right to information act? Sir, the right to integration act is faster than thought and allows the common people to gain access and information about the workings of the government. So, they can find a report with the public information officer in the CIS. And then they can gain information about their... Yeah, to the current department concerns right? Okay. Now, the act also provides that certain information can be derived. Yeah. Sir, can certain information be derived by government departments? Sir, the certain information, if it goes against the interests of the security of the state, can be derived. Yeah, and there are several clauses in the act which define the ground on which it can be derived. Okay. Now, there is a...the act also provides for information commissions, central information commission and the state information commission. What is their role? Basically, they are availing parties. Okay. Now, the Supreme Court has recently issued a direction regarding the right to information act. Are you aware of that? Basically, the Supreme Court has ruled that the Chief Justice's office also comes with a view of the RTA, which has been denied letter of significance. Okay. Have you heard of a term called extradition? Yes. What is that? So, extradition happens when there is a person who has committed an offense in one country and he has fled to another country. So, the country in which the offense took place, it requires the other country to send the person back to the country. Is there any high-profile person whom we are trying to get back to India? Sir, Vijay Malia. What is happening in Vijay Malia's case, any idea? Sir, I have a bit of an idea. What is happening? Sir, the company that Vijay Malia ran, King Fisher. No, what is the status of his extradition? Sir, the last that I know was that a court in the United Kingdom ruled that he can be sent back to India, provided the condition of the jails and the human rights conditions are met with. Basically, he is also exploiting the judicial system there. He has now gone and appealed to the High Court. Another person has been exploited recently, a book he called Sanjeev Chawla. What was he involved in? No, okay. Now, in the northeast, recently an agreement was signed relating to the bruise also known as the lians. What was this agreement all about? Sir, the bruise was a covenant which originally belonged to the state of Mezorna and they moved to Kulakshapura after they faced ethnic violence in Mezorna. So, now there is a four way agreement that was signed between the government of Mezorna between the two representatives, between the government of Tripura and the government of India which provides for their rehabilitation in Tripura. How many of them are being rehabilitated? Any idea? In Tripura. Around 34,000 is the figure which has been, okay. Now, you also opted for the police, the IPS. The Supreme Court has given certain directions relating to the appointment of the state DGP to prevent the state government from doing whatever they wanted to. Any idea? In the Prakashan case. I have a great idea. Sir, basically, the Supreme Court gave this directive in order to move to political opinion. So, any individual who is appointed as, if to be appointed will have to have a search of three years in Prakashan. Two years. Two years. Two year tenure? Yes. Provided. But the basic ruling of the Supreme Court was that the panel will be sent by the UPS. The UPSC will select a panel sent to the state government from which they will be selected. Okay. Thank you. Okay. So, Chandru Jyoti, tell me, you are a student of the three and there are, there is one issue which nobody has been able to explain too clearly, you know. In India, we have been, you know, listening to theory that the Muslim invaders came and the Mughals came and they forced some local population to convert to Islam. There was force involved. Now, if you look at other places, for example, you know, you will say that they were the conquerors, so they could force it. But in history, there are different situations. Mughals came to Iran, overrode Iran and instead of converting the local population which followed Islam into what they had, their religion, the rivers happened. They became converted into Islam. Secondly, I have another fact from history that this, you know, in Southeast Asia, there were many countries who were ruled by Hindu kings but they have to trade with Middle East and they got converted slowly into Muslim nations. Right? No violence. No, there was no conquering involved there. So, I get confused because is it a myth that has been, you know, perpetuated in India for, you know, a wrong narrative being created that a lot of force was used and forceful conversion was taken. What is your view? Sir, in my view, that while there were possible abortions in our civilization at that time, however, it was not to a certain, to a large extent. Rather, people accepted Islam because of multiple reasons. Firstly, because they knew that they were Muslim, they also wanted to gain a certain ascendancy under their rule. So, they accepted Islam in a way to gain. To be with the ruling party. To be. What many people are doing now, right? To get political benefits and social benefits. I would say it was a primary reason for that. Is this, is this seriously discussed in any book in history, Indian history, this kind of analysis? How many got actually converted because of force? How many were active? Sir, I have read a few books by Captain Talbot and Captain Ashok. So, we will discuss it to a certain extent. But I am not aware of any. You are not aware of any. Okay. Okay. Now, tell me. So, they say that Bismarck unified Germany and Mazzini, glory, glory, glory and glory united Italy. And they are famous characters in history. Now, if you compare that to Patel's effort to unify India, I am not a history student, but as a layman I feel Patel's effort and contribution was much, much more than Bismarck and the Italian Empire. Whereas, nowhere in history books you will find that as much importance as the unification of Germany or the unification of Italy, no history book has a chapter unification of India and treating Patel larger than Bismarck for Mazzini or for Mughal. Why is that? Or am I making a mistake somewhere? Sir, you are right in suggesting that Patel, the son of Adahar Patel, was the Iron Man of our nation. And he did an important role in unifying the nation both by diplomacy as well as by force. So, I do think his role should be studied in greater detail. However, I feel that history still continues to be a Euro-centric subject and greater research needs to be done into the role of Patel so that his contributions are much more recognised worldwide. No, what I have read is that at that time there were some 50-odd princely states and some of them really didn't want to join India, but still he somehow managed. It was done by both those European countries. But you know, in history, Bismarck is some kind of a hero and his quotation takes that Patel, poor fellow, maybe because he was a tough Indian, would be bothered to write about him. Is that true? Sir, I... Okay, sure. History is always his story. Alright, now... No, ma'am, Indian authors are not okay. Forget them. Now there's an attempt to rewrite history. Okay. Okay, so you won an award on heritage in India. Recently, Jaipur got a title of a heritage city. Why do you think Delhi has now got a title of a heritage city? I don't know if in Delhi, because we're having three sites, which are the name of the UNESCO or UNRF site. We'll be in the minus group red fort and Kutla Kutla in our complex. However, I feel that Jaipur has been more successful in the sense of marketing itself as a city which recognizes its heritage and it promotes itself as such. Delhi, on the other hand, has not promoted itself as a heritage city. But why hasn't it promoted itself? There must be some reason. We're still impressed, because once you call it a heritage city, then you can't make any alterations. Ma'am, I think it's not just vested in us. I feel that Delhi at the capital of the country and many migrants from other parts of the country move to Delhi, so it's constantly growing. So if the city receives a heritage stack, it might put a stop on the growth process. It could be a real estate, the mafia. Okay. You're from a student's college. Is it become an autonomous college? It is a very autonomous college. It has applied for an autonomous status. So do you think this is good that it's getting autonomy? Ma'am, there are both aspects to the... Okay, tell me what are the advantages and disadvantages? Some of the major advantages of having an autonomous status would be that the St. Stephen's College can design its own curriculum and have greater flexibility in appointment and selecting what are the disadvantages and causes. However, if it becomes autonomous, the amount of trans that it receives will also reduce. Okay. And why are the teachers concerned? It could become a contractual teaching for that. Now, you're from Punjab. So regarding Punjab, we hear about the growth problem. And it is said that in 75% of the households, there's at least one person who's affected by trans. What is your view on this? Why has it become so prevalent? There are multiple reasons as to why Travelling has become rampant in Punjab. The first and foremost reason is that since Punjab is a border state, a lot of the smuggling goes on in Punjab. Secondly, it's also close to the states of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh where opium is used for medical purposes, medical purposes. Yet, farmers send it to Punjab to gain extra money for themselves. So it has a location disadvantage, first of all. And secondly, I would also say that since agriculture is stagnating, the youth feel that they have not found adequate sources of employment in other sectors, which is why they are disillusioned. So if they're not employed, where do they get the money from to buy the drugs? Engage in stealing from the family and engaging in antisocial activities. So what is the government doing to take care of this problem? The government has couple of years in government aimed at forming a policy that focused on enforcement of the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances act. And then it focused on deaddiction as well as prevention. So it's a three-pronged strategy. So through better enforcement of the NDPS act, they're aiming at removing all those elements who pedal drugs. Secondly, through deaddiction, those people who are addicted have been set up by the government. And through prevention, they are focusing on promoting awareness in schools about drugs. You're from an army background. The Supreme Court gave a ruling regarding some directions to the army recently. Are you aware of that? The Supreme Court has now allowed Commission 1 and they can be now appointed to command posts. So will the army face problems regarding these two aspects? I don't think people face a problem. It is good that women are... No, it's good, but will there be any problems? These young people have no time to junior command forces. How will they get their promotions? Okay, my last question. If I were to ask you the greatest achievement of our country since independence, what would you say? Any two areas? Why any two achievements? Now the two areas in which our country has really progressed is first and foremost, I would say science in the field of science and the second area which to some might say that India has not progressed but I do believe that in the area of women and how we really have progressed from where we came in 1994. Thank you, but I would say food security and maintaining our democracy. Okay, thank you. And did you think that we would reform that Lucknow? No, it's okay. Sir, it is according to mythology that it's being adopted after Lakshman. According to history? It was from the local king Lucknow. And what was the role of Lucknow in the first war of Indian independence? Sir, in the first war of Indian independence the Tadukta-Arste was the capital and the cultural centre. So the Tadukta's of our were just dispossessed because of the British rule that was influenced. Therefore, three rows of them were reversed against the British. They were led by the husband and he was the wife of Vajralisha and Pyrrhus Karthal who was her son. There were some women who killed quite a few people, British soldiers in the battle of Sikandar Bagh. Are you aware of this? Now, have you heard of the Bet and Road Initiative? What are our concerns regarding the Bet? Sir, the first important concern regarding the Bet and Road Initiative that has been started by China is that it threatens our territorial integrity because China Pakistan economic corridor passes through the Pakistan occupied Kashmir area. What is the concern that we face with the Bet and Road Initiative that China is trying to surround us in a sense by building projects in Bangladesh, in Balnees and in Sri Lanka. So there is a threat to us because it is surrounding us from all directions. And in a sense its economic power is also good. So India might have to face challenges in the response. Can you give a concrete example of its projects in our neighboring countries threatened us? Sir, for instance, in the case of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka has reached out to both China and Balnees. So from here India is at a very disadvantageous position. Now, this year, UN is going to be 75 years old. One of the objectives as I am saying in the UN Charter is the prevention of war and resolution of conflicts around the world. How far do you think UN has been successful in this objective? Sir, in my opinion I do think while UN has made an effort in this direction, I don't think it has been completely successful in resolving multiple conflicts in Israel and Palestine. So while they have organized relief works for the Palestinians, they are still having a solution to the problem and, of course, in several countries in the Middle East and in Africa. Thank you. What does India stand on Palestine? Sir, India is supposed to give state solution for Israel and Palestine. So it recognizes that there should be a state for Israel and Palestine. Does India have a Palestinian embassy? Yes, it has. How is India trying to balance? On one hand, it is supporting Palestinian state as a loud Palestinian pretty big role here in India. On the other hand, it is also keeping very good relations with Israel. How has India been able to achieve that? Sir, I think India has sort of connected the idea of religion from their policy in Palestine. So we are not focusing on religion, rather we are focusing on pragmatic interests How does religion come into play? Sir, religion. How does religion start a battle for land? Israel is occupying all the Palestine and everywhere. Sir, religion also comes into question in the sense that Jerusalem is important for Muslims. So Palestinians want Jerusalem under their control and Israel has occupied Jerusalem. Religion, if at all, is a very minor thing. Financial action task force. What is this body? Is it, what is its approach to Pakistan latest? Sir, the financial action task force claims that removing the influence of black money and its financing for terrorism. So Pakistan has been placed on the brink by the financial action task force. It was asked to make certain reforms in the country in order not to be blacklisted. Countries such as Turkey and Malaysia had occupied Pakistan and as a result it was not blacklisted. It is still on the brink. Lokpal, do we have a Lokpal? Sir, I would like to ask you a question. Is there some problem with Lokpal institution? Yes sir, there are certain problems. Sir, if the institution of Lokpal does not allow investigation into the office of the Prime Minister. Sir, in the cases of atomic security, national security it does not allow any access to PM office. Anyway, what are the problems? That is a different issue. What is its utilization? Some problems of Arizona lately? No? Even today there is a news item that it is spending just spending money on salary and rest and all. More than a thousand complaints received, it is not taking any notice of those complaints. There is no progress of those complaints. For gender justice Supreme Court has given certain very important judgments. Can you recall those judgments? Sir, the judgement in the case of Chippitalak was Chippitalak is one, just name the judgments. Yes, Chippitalak. The judgement regarding surgery was also decriminalized in case of women. Very good. Very good. Thanks. Now you found a reading. What is the latest book you read? The latest book that I read was a book by a Turkish author, Elisha Farh. Is it a fiction? What does it talk about? Sir, it talks about the family of Turkish immigrants. They moved to the United Kingdom and the challenges that they faced there. It is about a Turkish family. Yes. Are they steeped in orthodoxy in their Turkish touch? Sir, Turkey... What does this book make out? Are they steeped in orthodoxy? Sir, in this case the family is a bit orthodox. Yet they are moving towards opening up culture. So it is a tragic end? Yes, it is a tragic end. The mother has to... It is a case of honor killing. You have done something about social service. Yes, sir. What kind of social service? Sir, as part of the social service that I was in college, there were many board members. I really focused on providing my dealing out and ensuring that these dealings were recorded and shipped. And sir, in school... Who is named one great reformer which India has produced? Social reformer. Just one. They are a similar question. Have you considered a great social reformer? What is his contribution? Give 1, 2, 3. Sir, his major contribution was a version of setting that was achieved in 1820. He abolished it? And then? Then how was it abolished? Sir, a law was passed by the British The British passed it? Yes, what else? Sir, then he also tried removing the superstitions that are associated with religion. So for that he found the Ramo Samar and in this case with people belonging to different castes also could get married. So in a way he worked towards removing castes. Do the 5th and the 6th should do this to the constitution? 5th and 6th should do to the constitution. Are you aware of that? 5th and 6th should do. Long to travel, the protection of travel. Yes. It's okay. Does it do 73 and 74 amendments? Do they provide some social justice? Yes, they do. Specifically what? Sir, they reserve seats for women. And children castes also. Yes, sir. And if the seats are chosen, they can also reserve seats for other backward travel. Is there a defection law in India? Yes, sir. Where is it placed in the constitution? Sir, just for 50 seconds and I am in fact in 1985. There is tension. And Supreme Court said something about it recently. Yes, sir. In the case of Karnataka especially. What about Tamil Nadu? Read it. Okay. History is your subject. Now, you are from Punjab, what's the position? Punjab. They talk a lot about the drug problem in Punjab. You have asked. Then we will discuss. They say history repeats itself. History repeats itself. Do you agree with this magazine? Yes, I do. Can you give some example of it? To prove this point? Yes. If we take the example of our own nation, it was conquered multiple times. So each time the conqueror succeeded, for instance in the case of Punjab. So the conqueror succeeded because we were not united in our own decision. Good. That is repeatedly it has been. We have lost because of our dividends. Even 57 war we lost because of it. We were not united. There was no common strategy. Each one was fighting perhaps. Very good. So we close the interview here. How do you think you have failed? We have lost. No. Don't do too much thinking. Each answer you must think before you answer. So some facts I didn't know. It is not a question and answer section in the sense of rapid fire thing. It is a question which is trying to elicit. What kind of a personality you have. Whether you know the subject and how analytically you can present your views. So there is no need for you to hurry up. You have done very well. You have been able to act very nicely. And we feel that this will be the pattern of questioning in the interview. They may ask you about UP, Punjab. Punjab is your home state. Then history. Then your biographies extracurricular activities they are important. Constitutional issues. I have asked you a few. There can be more. And current affairs. Like BRIU. As United Nations succeeded in conflict resolution etc. These are all important issues. Punjab problems you must see what are the major successes and problems of Punjab. Now I just give you a small suggestion. You will ask a question about unification versus Sardar Patel. Your answer must be very clear. You say that circumstances are totally different. You cannot say that one did a bigger job than the other. German unification came about because Germany was controlled by two great powers. What was that? Austria and France. So Bismarck had to defeat both of them. He prepared militarily. Better of Cunin's fault. You remember? First Austria and later on France. He shattered the power of Napoleon III. You remember? India's position was very different. India was not having so much of a military challenge. So each one has to be assessed on the basis of his own contribution instead of making a comparison. Remember this. You are doing very well. Just tell me you must have been topping the PLS with 73% No, sir. How much did the topper get? Sir, I am not sure. Do you have changed the system? We actually had SCGPAs which were converted to percentages. So people got more. Do you get 80L things like that? History? Okay.


Welcome into the original gangsters podcast. I am your host Scott Bernstein. This is a quick hitter episode that I want to talk about breaking news out of Canada and the continuing drama that's going out on up there with the risotto mafia as well as the hell's angels and the dovetailing between those two organizations. Major Montreal Hell's Angels shot caller Robert Teflon Rob Barletta had his mansion burned down last week. I think it was in the neighborhood called Saint Jerome and a suburb of Montreal. He has been kind of a nomadic presence in Canadian Hell's Angels politics over the last 20 years and was summoned to Montreal in the last handful of years to ramp up you know the power base in Montreal with Marty Robert who's the president of the Montreal Hell's Angels and Barletta was brought there personally by Marty. Investigators right now are thinking that this could have been an attack on Barletta by the risotto mob and continuing fallout from the you know this 2023 tit for tat it started with the attempted assassination of risotto mob don Leonardo risotto reputed mob mob don Leonardo risotto and continued into the summer with the June 5th assassination of Francesco chit del basso and the the what what informants are telling the RCMP right now is that initially chit del basso was in a internal dispute within the risottos with Leonardo who was his former friend ally he had once been a bodyguard for Leonardo had worked for veto risotto Leonardo's dad chit had who was the most powerful mafia done canada's ever seen was in a collector in a bookie loan shark and in the last 10 years since veto died it appears that a chit and Leonardo fell out more recently there were some attempts on del basso's life in late 22 maybe early 23 and then there was an attempt made investigators believe it it came from del basso with backing from the Hells Angels to kill Leonardo risotto now we're I'm being told I think investigators are being told that the Hells Angels are doing an about face wanting to maintain their long-standing ties to the risotto mob going you know back to the veto risotto days and that they might have killed chit del basso as a way to make things right after backing his power play marty robert was seen meeting with chit del basso minutes before del basso was gunned down in the parking lot of the monster gym in west island in June 5th now both marty robert and teflon rob barletta were at chit del basso's funeral but both from what I'm being told are being investigated for possibly playing a role versus their their their suspects persons of interest in the del basso murder investigation rob barletta again just to kind of give a little background on him has only been in montreal for a couple years and started his career in toronto as a Hells Angel was dispatched to london ontario to take over or I should say to found he founded the london london Hells Angels chapter and became the president of the london london Hells Angels chapter and then he eventually went to niagra became the boss of the niagra uh Hells Angels and then ended up in montreal so you know kind of called by uh marty robert and and the powers that be in the Hells Angels to bring reinforcements for what was looked at as a possible war with the rizudos uh within the bigger canadian mafia war and that's where we stand right now rob barletta had his mansion burned down last week I guess it was the third time that he has survived a arson attack uh I was as well as a number of attempts on his life that's how he's gotten the nickname teflon and moved to montreal from london he got his I think he got a strip club liquor license revoked uh ran a strip club in london called uh like flesh gordon's like flash gordon flesh gordon's um but now he's in montreal uh he's become somewhat of a right hand man to marty robert you know there's a lot of this story left to be written but the attack on on barletta um is major news and we'll we'll keep updated uh keep you updated on it and we'll see what happens out in montreal going forward for og pod i'm scott bernstein out


We're all here and I want to thank you everyone for logging in and joining our session today. The session is entitled the world is burning and we'll be hearing from our panelists on innovative private capital solutions to reducing the risk of wildfire. My name is Siobhan King and I lead product management for impact assets and I'm going to be the moderator of this panel today. And I'm joined by a set of stakeholders who are working on understanding and creating new solutions to our mega fire problem. And that includes Willie with lessy from the general manager of uber water agency. Dr Paul Hesburg, a research landscape ecologist with the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the US Forest Service. I'm Connaker, a principal with the Rockefeller Foundation and Zach Knight CEO and co founder of Blue Forest Conservation. And for this first few minutes of the session will use a few slides and so as audience members, you can double click on the PowerPoint slides to make them bigger I can't do that for you so if you want to enlarge them, go ahead and do that yourself. And type any questions you have in the chat window I'll keep an eye on those and bring them to the group as when we get to the panel discussion. And so if we were on a room together, I would love to ask everyone by show of hands how many of you have been impacted by this year's wildfires. And I think a lot of hands would go up my hand would go up. This Zach's hand is up. I'm sure this whole group's hands up. The picture is taken near my home near San Francisco at 10 o'clock in the morning a few weeks ago, looking straight into the sun suns right there in front of you but you can't see it. Because this was one of the days where the fires in the West turned San Francisco into this apocalyptic orange sky, and it was just unreal and in the, the weeks before and after that. There was a lot of ash raining down, and wildfires have really smothered residents across the western United States and some of the worst air quality in the world with the haze reaching all the way to the east coast. Once a rare occurrence these mega fires which are, you know fires that are larger than 100,000 acres have become more common. This year we've had more than 6 million acres in the United States burned which is the equivalent to the size of the state of New Hampshire. Particularly we've lost 37 lives this year because of the wildfires. But there's good news and we're here to talk about the good news which is that the science and historical land management practices behind these wildfires is well understood, and the challenges in scaling some of those solution sets that we have and funding those solutions. And so, because understanding mega fires is the first step into understanding how to address them. I've asked Dr. Hesper to give us a talk and make us all experts on the context of these recent wildfires. Thank you. All right, so we notice that wildfires are changing the western US in fact they're changing western North America. And this slide basically shows a transition of a forest landscape from the early 20th century to the early 21st century. Next slide. Next slide. Thank you. So here's a look at a forest landscape from the interior of Washington State and on the top in 1930 you can see a landscape that was basically covered mostly by grasses with pine forest growing on the north slopes down in the valley bottoms. You can see early in the 21st century how a grass dominated landscape, even in the driest conditions has become dominated by trees. This is another landscape where we're a little bit higher in elevation and you can see how the driest aspects which you can see our sparsely tree in the top photo have filled in with trees. And so there's an awful lot more forested area and the forested area is now denser. Next slide. And these are further up in elevation that's Mount Rainier in the background and you can see how a once varied patchwork of forest age and size and density and non forest area has filled in with homogeneous forest. So up and down the environmental gradient forests have accrued and they've gotten denser. Next slide please. What caused this? Kimber harvesting, clear cut logging and selection cutting. Selection cutting is cutting the biggest and the best trees. Fire exclusion by livestock grazing, developing the built environment and fire suppression. And climate change. The climate since the middle 80s is warmer, it's drier and it's now often windier. Next slide please. What did that do to the landscape? It did a couple of important things that you need to know about. In the first case, seasonally dry forest between June and late September, they historically had a lot of fires and these fires were continually thinning out trees, reducing dead wood on the ground, reducing tree density, especially in the smaller sizes and so medium and large size trees tended to survive over time. And across big landscape areas what we saw is that patchwork that I showed you some examples of that patchwork got homogenized with forest, forest increase, they colonized grass and shrublands. And then the variety of ages of forest became homogenous with an awful lot of it middle to later aged. And that explains significant changes in fire severity. So the patchwork itself regulated future fire severity and future fire size. It stopped the flow of fire. Next slide please. What you get when you keep fire out of the woods is a lot of regeneration and release of trees. And this is the condition that speaks to the kind of fire severity we're seeing today. Next slide please. Let's look at a cartoon of that fire severity. I want you to only see a couple of things. Conditions in the top row are historical, 1800 conditions in the bottom row are 21st century. Hot colors, severe conditions, cool colors, less severe. What I'm trying to show you is how the structure of the forest on the left, while varied historically became more homogenized and that accounted for changes in dead wood on the ground fuel loading. Crown fire potential, which is the likelihood that fire from the forest floor will get up into the tree crowns and run and flame length, short versus long flame lengths. And that's important because fire suppression happens when flame lengths are short, four feet or less. Is there a path forward? There certainly is. Where we have the goal to reliably maintain forests, protect watersheds, water quality, water quantity, habitats for fish, wildlife and humans, a lot of forests need a hand down. They're maladapted to the current climate and the climate is getting moodier. Wildfire severity is unprecedented. It doesn't look anything like it did in 17, 18 or 1900.  They're not working well enough to meet management objectives. There are better tools available. We can use managed wildfires burning in the right conditions and time of year. We can do prescribed burning in the back country. So those are wilderness areas, national parks and the like, or we can do thinning and prescribed burning where the fuels are too great to use fire alone tools. And this actually is a very large area and ongoing maintenance is essential. There's no one and done with making Western landscapes in better shape. There are two key impediments, our large scale funding and limited personnel for doing this proactive work. I think that's the last of my slides, Siobhan. Okay, great. Thank you so much, Paul. And I wanted to hear also, well, so first I think it's surprising to people sometimes to hear that in order that it can be healthy for forests to thin them and remove and burn them. And that's part of the solution set. And Willie, I'm wondering if maybe you could unmute yourself and you can tell us, as a water agency manager, how, you know, what is your interest in involvement in the wildfire discussion how do these fires impact our water systems, and why would your agency be interested in solving the problem at scale. Yeah, so that's a that's an excellent question. You know the source of our water is about 300,000 acres of the North Yuba watershed primarily in Northern California, and it's, I don't know, 80 to 90% forested with mixed conifer forest and the watershed into the north of us the Feather River watershed, literally just a month ago, and maybe it's still burning today experienced the 300,000 acre wildfire that started as the bear fire announced one of the complex fires. You know, a couple years ago we had the campfire, it's the Feather River watershed as well. In 2014, the American River watershed south of us burned about half of that watershed burned up in 150,000 acre fire and we have a sister agency plastic County Water Agency and experienced major fires across for removal of sediment and debris from their reservoir and so we're just really in a race against time to treat our watershed to make it resilient to the just threats from catastrophic wildfire, and we want to prevent, you know, this destructive fire we want to prevent the cost that will incur and cleaning up our reservoir, both the surface of the reservoir and sediment inputs, and we really want a healthy resilient forest that provides the quality and quantity of water that are naturally provided in our watershed. Our watershed is it's over stock because of fire exclusion, and we want to get it back to a more resilient natural state. That's really the primary reason why we're involved and we've been involved in the past few years. Great, thank you and Zach. Can you tell us a little bit about your, your work at Blue Forest, and I think you've shared with me that this is a $58 billion problem, and public funding alone won't get us there and so tell us about how we can bring private capital to the conversation and to the solution. Yeah, absolutely, Siobhan. I think it's worth building on a little bit of what Dr. Hesburgh said when you look through the Forest Service budget. Annually they get about five, five and a half billion dollars and about half a billion dollars we can use towards proactive restoration. But importantly, over the last 20 years, more and more of that budget has been siphoned off for fire suppression. Going back to 1995, that was probably 15% of the budget. In 2017, it was 56% of the budget for the Forest Service or $2.7 billion. And what that does is it creates this vicious cycle where we're spending more and more money suppressing fires and we're pulling that money away from the work that could actually prevent these fires in the first place. And again, to build off Dr. Hesburgh's point, we understand what needs to happen on this landscape from a scientific standpoint. And in fact, I'd argue the Forest Service has been involved in some form of landscape restoration for at least the last 50 years. So it's a known, it's a tried and true practice. We know that it works. And what we really have here is not a science problem, but a finance problem. That's how we look at it at Blue Forest and that sort of helped push us together along with our partners at the Forest Service and the World Resources Institute to create the Forest Resilience Bond. And at a high level, this is a public private partnership that allows private capital from groups like foundations like the Rockefeller Foundation, but also market rate impact investors like Calvert Impact Capital or insurance companies to cover the massive upfront costs associated with doing these restoration projects. Then again, are designed to reduce fires, but as Willie said, confer a number of benefits to other groups like water and electric utilities, flood control districts, state agencies. So we allow all of the beneficiaries to repay based on the benefits that they receive over a time period that makes sense for them. And in our first project, it really was a truly public private partnership, including government at the federal, state and local level. And I, something you said in there about that I sort of put out for put out at the beginning to but that we don't have a science problem we have a funding problem. And I think that's based on the understanding right that we know a lot about the solution set and forest thinning and prescribed burns and land management. But Paul, can you share some insights with us on how well do we understand these methods and sort of what are the limiting factors to going to scale we've mentioned the funding but are there others and how do they. What does that look like. Zach really encapsulated that 25 years ago I think 15 to 17% of the entire budget went to suppression. And as he mentioned it's 55 to 60% of the entire budget goes to fire suppression and what that's done is extracted resources. And that's one of the disciplines that can do the proactive work. But as he also suggested the proactive works been going on for a long time. The Forest Service is down 1213,000 boots on the ground employees. And so we did the proactive work and those resources have been shunted into the fire suppression, the fire preparedness workforce right now and so an awful lot of it is taking very well tested methods and apply them as is appropriate to the right places on the landscape to get the intended effects, and we understand how fire behavior is driven so we littered are manipulating the levers that control fire behavior. And so there's in the in the ground on the ground yeah you reduce dead wood on the ground there's less energy to ignite the canopies you raise the ground bases of the canopies, the flames can't get there and so the forest that you want for water or habitat or for for future wood products. They're there because you manipulated what drives fire behavior with the right tools. Right. Yeah, and I think some people in the audience might not know that we keep talking about the crown fire versus keeping and keeping the fire low in the forest floor and that really relates to the speed at which it can spread and the scale at which it can reach and so that's really important. And in talking about these solutions Adam, I know that the Rockefeller Foundation is really charged with scaling in taking solutions to scale and solving big problems. So, can you tell us about, you know, your interest and involvement in the forest resilience bond and what about this solution makes it well poised to, to reach that scale. Yeah, absolutely.  Still on mute. Is it working. No, you're good. Go ahead. No, listen, I think this is one of those issues and Zach and the others have really highlighted as well, which is where you know, our team has looked to support innovative financial structures where we think that the solution is very clear where the need is very clear. And where we can build towards the deployment and the sort of execution in time, but where the financing challenge is also very clear right and in this case you've got a situation where you've got number of beneficiaries who really do rely on the health and well being of those forest and are willing to put up dollars and really told you about that and why. And you've got for us that dramatically need this so for us we looked at this and sort of said alright, you know, are the dynamics here to really create a robust robust market or not and they are for us and it's not a complicated equation right it's, you know, what would attract an investor in the long run and that depends of course on who the investor is but if we assume it's a you know a larger sort of, you know, more institutional great investor, it's going to be the size of the ability to see and understand that market and produce consistent returns right over time and for us you know this is a tens of financing challenge that we don't see going away in the next five years right so this is one where we see an enormous market where investors could get you know really involved. We also looked at it from the perspective of you've got investors who are trying to build out their ESG or sustainable or impact portfolios or the lens with which they look at their entire portfolio in that way. And this is quite frankly unique offering right this is offerings from players they don't traditionally get to to backstop right the US Forest Service water agencies and utilities groups like that that are coming to them with an impact product that fits on the fixed income side and has some scale to it so you know we really looked at this and said yes you've got sort of an investable opportunity that makes a ton of sense now where I think the challenge lies and the others can talk to this far greater than I can but you know the next step is can we really execute on it over time and Zach's been working on this for a very long time on the first step of that which is just. How do we get these projects in a position where we're ready to go right how do we actually move them to the starting line, which takes grant capital like our own and you know we've obviously funded. Zach and the team to do exactly that right work with the Forest Service work with the water utilities work on the permitting work on the science all that kind of stuff. And then the next question is even if you have the money you know do you have enough people to go and deploy that scale and I think the others will tell you that that you don't yet. And that's a huge challenge as well. But again, I do those as things we can tackle we can overcome that kind of an issue when you have the market dynamics that we've got that are you know this big robust. And then returns producing market that I tend to think you've got something that makes sense and so, you know, for our own, our own team and it really came down to that was enough to sort of bet on the solution and and we're super excited that we got to you know the first pilot up and running and and quite frankly, for us it's about you know how do we get to or five or 10 more of those pilots up and running in the next two years because this idea does make sense, and we're excited to see it scale. And when you so I don't I'm curious for both you and that maybe could could respond on. You know you talked about for a certain set of investors the mark the compelling market sizes is is what they're looking for but for most investors they want things that look familiar and that's kind of and something where they understand the risks and this is a new structure a new product. So, I'm curious what the lessons learned have been in the fundraising process through your first bond and going into this to your upcoming bonds next year. And what's sort of the most effective way to pitch someone on this product, given that it's not something they've seen before. Zach, if it's okay I'll take the first 10 seconds and then I can let you because I think you've got a far better story to tell here but maybe building on my previous comments right around is the robust market we think this market has new players you know that are attractive from an investor perspective as the counterparty on the deal. But I think also you know, there's no no getting around sort of the risk return profile and we think this is another case where it makes a lot of sense and if you looked at where we started with this project you know Zach and I we started working on this years ago. And this is a far more complicated product where we were trying to hinge the returns on a lot more things than we are today. And really understanding that the investors don't want to see that level of, I'll call it what was innovation but but quite frankly isn't innovation it's complexity right and I think, you know we've learned a lot in that process but Zach, I'd love for you to sort of talk through because I think you probably can tell this story far better than I can. I will be quick about it I mean I think that the most important thing here is when you structure these investments, you need to do two things, you need to make it look and feel like something that's already in the portfolio of these institutional investors and what we really strive for here is something that looks and feels like infrastructure project finance. In the United States alone there's trillions of dollars invested in public private partnerships private infrastructure, and the like and the more that this looks like that we can take a new and innovative concept like the forest resilience bond, and we can start to make it boring. And that's actually the goal with all of this. I think the other challenge here is the size. We picked a project that was pretty good sized by Forest Service Standards it protects 15,000 acres with about 7,000 acres of treatment within that 15,000 acre project area. You know, we only needed to raise about $4 million for that project so for anybody that's watching this panel that's gone out and raised money before. It's actually a lot harder to raise just $4 million than it is to raise 40 or 400. And that really you know my backgrounds on Wall Street so I was aware of that people in the Forest Service they come crazy when I say something like that. They did work with a insurance company that they're small but they manage about $9 billion and what I heard from that portfolio manager was like, Are you sure we can't do 10 million that has to be just a single million. Because from an investor perspective it's the exact same amount of due diligence whether they're making a million dollar loan, or a $10 million loan. I think the biggest challenge from the Blue Forest perspective is how do we work with the Forest Service, the World Resources Institute and our other partners to increase the size of what we can actually offer to investors. And we're actually seeing that happen our next project that will involve Willie and the water agency will hopefully be between maybe $12 and $16 million. Not enormous from the standpoint as you compare to other investment opportunities and quite small. When you look at it against the general world of fixed income, but to be able to take something of size wise that big that quickly this will only be about two years or so after we close the first project. That's really meaningful and we need to sort of hit that slope and keep going here. Yeah, great. I have one more question before I think we have to go to our closing soon because this isn't a particularly long session at just 45 minutes. So time flies. But I wanted to take it a little bit from the forest and sort of implied wilderness that we've been talking about and the connection to communities. And, you know, Willie, maybe this comes through in our water systems. And I'm curious what, you know, this is an open question for everyone but how, you know, how does this the forest resilience bond or these practices connect with community resilience to wildfires. And is it just for people kind of living in that urban wild land interface or or just how do you how does that fit for you all. I'll go ahead and go first here. The resilience bond and the project that I work with Zach on, you know, that was really what we were hoping to be like a catalyst to future collaboration and future partnerships that's in the upper reaches of our watershed and there's definitely there's there's like summer homes in the area and in cabins and things but it's not near like a community per se or a year round community it's way up, you know, in the elevation. So what we were hoping to do is to show that, you know, there can be collaboration between, you know, water agencies and the Forest Service and groups like the Blue Forest Conservation Group and then there can be this funding mechanism that can work as well. And we really just wanted to show that all that works in an effort to have it be expanded, you know, throughout our watershed like Zach just mentioned and also throughout the Sierra Nevada or anywhere in western United States as far as I can tell. That's really it and I think that the next phase that Zach and I and others are working on is is a larger project that are around these communities these small communities of a few thousand people each in our foothills in our mid elevation areas in our in our watershed so that's really what we were hoping is they would expand and that's happening. So in addition to reducing the risk of catastrophic wildfire in and around communities. I think a big aspect of community resilience is actually jobs right. We're working in Sierra County which I believe is one of the poorest if not the poorest counties in California. When we were, you know, 2.7 2.8% statewide uninsured unemployment, Sierra County was at 15.5% unemployment, right. So we don't only lack the people to do this work and the infrastructure with which to do it, but there are also unemployed people in these areas that can do this and when you look at the work on the ground. So wide variety of skill there's chainsaw work which you can get certified in a day or a weekend. Heavy machinery equipment that pays well that requires apprenticeship all the way to the burn bosses which by the way is the coolest job title out there that managed the prescribed fire on the landscape and you might need to train 3 to 5 years if not more. So it doesn't matter if you don't have a high school degree or what level of college you graduate school you have there are jobs in the forest for everyone. If we make the investments now to start to do this work reduce the risk. These are the other co benefits we talk about it's not just protecting air quality and source water, but it's creating jobs and really defining the restoration economy that folks probably are hearing quite a bit about it. Maybe if I can add one more thing on this since we all seem to love this question but, you know, as part of our diligence for the grants and the investment we went out and actually visited the forest right because living in New York at the Rockefeller Foundation we don't actually see any of these forests that burn we only see it if it gets really bad and the air quality tends to get affected over here as well. But so we went out we visited the time what was the it well is the rimfire burn, which I think at the time was still the largest in California, which has been blown out of the water now with the new burns that have come through this year and in previous years but one of the things that struck me on that visit was just the length of time of recovery right so it's not just the immediacy, which is enormous and I think you know I'm just looking at the chat and most common about the idea of, you know, air quality and friends and family living there like the stresses on our communities are very real right now. But the long term stresses are real as well right these are not exactly communities that have infinite options right they're not connected to urban centers in the same way they tend to be more remote and when we looked at the rimfire. You know some of the science community that was with us on the visit basically made the point they said well, you know this was a full devastating burn it was a big intense burn it lasted for a long time and therefore all you know all the sort of tree cover was removed. And the animals are gone but he said you know you're 100 to 150 years before this will realistically support wildlife again. And you're more like 1000 years before you'll have a diverse ecosystem that looked anything like you know what we wanted it to look like going into this thing right where it actually has lots of different species and and what not represented and so if you think about sort of what's lost in that many years right this isn't a 1020 year recovery we're talking about 100 plus years to get back to any usable forest in a way that it can support those communities whether we're using it for recreation whether we're using it for the jobs that Zach is describing whether we're using it for the water that really is describing I mean all of this is tied to a healthy system and you can't get it back quickly so when you say resilience I really think about like we got to avoid not just the plume of you know co2 and you know devastation that happens in the immediate fire we got to avoid the 150 year recovery window or 1000 year recovery window that we're looking at on some of these giant fires as well. Yeah, that's great thank you yeah. Okay well, we are, we just have about 12 minute flip so I'm going to do sort of one closing question and give you each a quick 30 seconds to a minute to tell me what the silver linings are from these unprecedented fires and what you're most excited about going forward you know this has been a tough year for everyone and those in the West are facing this extra weight of poor air quality and protecting our homes and loved ones. But it also feels different in terms of the awareness and the activation around the problem. So I'd love to go around and hear what each of you are are looking forward to or hope we can take out of this experience. And you can feel free to dive in or I'll call on someone first. You know I think that the cultural shift is probably the biggest thing that I've learned in the silver lining here I went to forestry school in the mid 1990s and you know, cutting down a tree or removing a tree from the forest was you know, it wasn't culturally accepted right or socially accepted right now, at least in California with these you know catastrophic wildfires we're seeing a need to manage our forest and so unfortunately it has taken these catastrophic you know multiple hundred thousand acre wildfires. So to educate us that something needs to be done, but I think we're past that I think we're at the point where we realize we need to do something. And now like, like you guys are telling us, Zach and Adam, it's not a science problem we're past that we just need to get the money and get to work and train the people. And so there's going to be opportunities with jobs and I think that we're in the right we're going the right direction. I know that's more than 30 seconds but thanks. I'll jump in quickly and say that I think we communicate really really well with the two to 3% of the world that's in this space and understands this I think what this year is bringing out is how do we talk to the other 97 or 98% of folks that don't understand that hey cutting down a tree is actually a good thing.  It's actually a really healthy way to reinvigorate the natural fire cycle. From our perspective at Blue Forest, our model relies on people taking collective action we help and sort of nudge that along. As it takes place, but we always thought fire was enough to cause collective action and it hasn't been yet but I think this year it really is the turning point, whether you're at the federal state or local level. This is what everybody's talking about and something I'm hearing a lot about Sacramento to from the legislature. Thanks. Okay. Oh, go ahead. Sorry, I think we both saw the same window. No, listen, I think for me it was a little bit of Willie's comments that I think this is an expansion of the stakeholders and I really appreciate that we're getting more people connected in I can see. Robert Fish could you made the comment about stakeholders connecting and I think that's exactly the point we're trying to get to right here is that this touches so many more lives. And people are really engaging and I think what's cool about what Blue Forest did but but it's not the only example there's actually more and more of these examples of thinking about ecosystems as they interconnect into our resilience as we move our lives into our jobs as opposed to just things that we extract from or visit you know when we go on a hike that kind of thing so I think we're getting a much better understanding and in doing so you know people are getting created about how they get involved this is one example of that creativity but I think there's tons of this stuff emerging and I don't think that it relies so much I mean this topic tends not to be so partisan but but it doesn't rely on federal support anyway right we're moving towards a direction where the communities can take more ownership because you know we've got groups like you but county water agency that are involved and are getting really engaged directly and so I tend to see you know where the future is bright is this sort of increasing awareness that we can invest into our ecosystem right we can work with our ecosystems we can use those ecosystems in a way that benefits us without destroying them without without taking an exploitive nature so you know that's the silver lining for me unfortunately I think it's taken a long time for us to to get there but but listen we're here now and we can hopefully move at some scale. Yeah, thank you Adam alright, Dr Hasberg you get the last word. And then for everyone in the audience, go ahead and type some questions into the chat window we've got a few minutes that we can put those up to the panelists. I'd like to underscore something that Zach said that's really critically important. If you think about that the fire that burned down paradise. The flaming front was five miles away and it was embers coming from five miles away that ignited the town of paradise. So that 95 that 97% that are operating outside this space is our target we really need to have people understand that affect us throughout the West come from some distance away it's not just the municipal watershed or the built environment. The risks come from outside those domains as well and so we need to be thinking about big landscapes and we think need to be thinking about big pace and scale for these kinds of things. There isn't that much time and so working with that 97% is really critical in messaging and getting to scale. Yeah, that's great. I think we're all nodding along that resonates really well. Okay, we have a question from Todd Lenart in the chat. And so he his questions are their technologies that you think would help be more efficient with these efforts and he works for a group that is interested in learning how they can help. And somebody else, Stephanie mentioned CLT and mass timber. And I know that that's we've been talking about this in the con a little bit as a cost to implement all of these solutions like thinning and prescribed burns but there are also some economics in terms of like what you can do with the wood that's removed. And I know that's where CLT and mass timber come in since there's so few marketable products that can use the small wood that you're removing typically. But Zach or others I'd love to hear your response to Todd's question about the other technologies and if CLT or mass timber plays a role. So it certainly does and I may let our two forester, I call talk a little bit more about the species and the opportunity for things like CLT or orient this tram board veneer and even bioenergy and biochar in certain cases so I do think that's an important part. A lot of those technologies are actually pretty well understood and have been operating in Europe for in excess of 50 years we're just a little bit behind the game here in the US and sort of bringing some of these technologies to market. The other piece of this I just want to highlight as I let Willie or perhaps Dr. Hesburgh talk more about what we can do with the wood and how creating wood products campuses could really create jobs in these rural economies. Is to think about a different application of technology, which is how might we better understand the ecosystem service values or the positive benefits conferred by a healthy forest. And there's a tremendous amount of technology that's being used in that context to understand the change in forest carbon stocks to understand the change in fire risk and how some of that modeling takes place to understand the change in forest water use and how much more yield may be available for a system manager. So when we talk about what allows the financing to happen all that financial innovation is based on scientific innovation first until we can understand the benefits measure incredibly qualifying quantify them. It's really hard to get those stakeholders to the table and put dollars on the table in a real meaningful way. So I would call out not just the technology of what do we do with this small diameter wood that we're left with in the forest but also how do we understand the benefits from a healthy forest from that perspective. Well, she bong you got me going I mean I've just wrote down about 10 things I could talk about I don't think you want me to go on for 20 minutes but there are a lot of technologies that just, you know that they could be implemented right now right like, like we mentioned it's clt or mass timber biochar as a result of bioenergy both of which are understood and there's there's products out there and more to behind you know the simple thing like wood pellets I mean there's a global demand for wood pellets you know that can be in pellet mills can be in accommodate constructed in combination with bioenergy facilities. Then there's these other project products that are like they're just in their inception like cellulose products like similar to plastics but using like the wood material and creating packaging and other, you know more refined plastic time material and I know that's just kind of theory right now but there's, there are people working on that and I'm hoping to see see more out of that, but the weaknesses. We need long term commitments from the land managers and so in our area and I can only speak for the watershed that I work in. It's primarily the land's primary owned and managed by the US Forest Service. So, right now the way that their contracts work it's, you know, two to three to five year, you know, timber sale contracts you know that what I see is like a 30 year to 50 year old process that that's not thinking long term it's not thinking like innovatively and I'm in Dr. Hesburgh I know you're a Forest Service guy so I'm not criticizing it it's just we need to think differently we need to think if someone's going to bring in a $20 million max timber, you know, mill. They need a long term supply or a long term commitment and they're not I'm not saying that they need to be able to go out and clear cut the forest for 20 years, but they need a long term supply of this small woody material so that they can, you know put together a business and make a $20 million investment and we're just starting with these relationships and thinking outside the box I mean Zach and, and the forest resilience bond that's just one step and many steps we need to take to get these type of investments in in the forest but at least we've started it and we're having the conversation and if you would have said hey I'm going to be on a computer screen, you know five years ago if you would have said I'm going to be talking about this stuff today. I would say no way but here we are at least we're having the conversation. Yeah, that's great we're making progress. Absolutely right doesn't really when when I was a junior forester we had sustained yield units in the western United States that were the very thing that you're describing and when those contracts went out and they were no longer awarded. They simply disappeared and most people who are practicing today don't even remember that we invented that 60 years ago 65 years ago and it's time to be able to have some facsimile of sustain you. Especially for biomass. There's some need for technology innovation for how we visualize where we put mill infrastructure so is it permanent or is it temporary. How do we locate value added. Adding value to materials do we have a long haul for that or do we have a short haul is it possible for us to site temporary structures to be able to do that work and in hyper concentrate biomass for carbon sequestration or for fuel or mass timber. Each of these kinds of things are frontiers right now in research to in some cases it's reinventing something we already know about. Yeah, that's great and I, there's a few more questions in the chat that I would love to get to but actually we are at time. And I think unfortunately my primary objective as moderator is to keep us on time. So, I want to thank everyone for joining us today for the session I think it gives me some optimism, you know, when I am still daily checking our air quality reports here in San Francisco to see if it's safe to let my kids play and it gives me some optimism to know that we can look back five years and see how far we've come and hopefully in another five years we'll look back on this conversation and think that that was just the beginning. And I know that this group and Rockfeller and Blue Forest have been working together for years now on the forest resilience bond. From my perspective at impact assets we started partnering with them earlier this year to bring the opportunity to our impact investing community. And earlier this month we are excited that we just launched our wildfire resilience fund. So if you're interested in supporting Blue Forest in their work and pursuing this. You can reach out to our engagement team or to myself. You can email engagement at impact assets.org. And any donations that come into that fund now are actually being matched by the Rockfeller Foundation so we can double your impact and take this work even further. And if you want to follow up with any of the panelists on the hop in platform I think we can all message each other or find each other on LinkedIn and continue the conversation. Thank you all for joining me and look forward to what's to come. Thank you everyone.


Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA The Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. By the looks of what you can see on your screen, you probably can assume that we're gonna be talking about Player of the Month for League One, as some of you guys call it, in today's video. And I do wanna talk about the League of the Month, because there's a possibility, again, for another big time player getting a Player of the Month card, and that is Killian Mbappe from PSG. Of course, we've had Neymar, we've had Ben Yetter, we've had Thiago Silva, as some of the winners from this award this year, first time ever in FIFA this year, that we've had a Player of the Month from Ligue 1, and from La Liga for that matter as well. But we have another one coming up here, the voting has technically ended, I think. I don't know if I can actually click on these and vote for them, I'll try that in a second. But our three nominations for this month are Killian Mbappe, Renato Sanchez, and Savaneer. Now looking at some of these guys' stats, Mbappe on the Month, I know this is in French, I don't know French, but I can kind of put this together. I think this means four goals and one assist, and then they went undefeated with one draw on the Month of February. This is, again, for the Month of February. Savaneer had three goals when assist, but they took some losses. They got to be five nil in that game. They got beat one nil twice, so that was not the best. Playing into the Player of the Month stats, and then Renato Sanchez, from a defensive role, had two goals and one assist as well. So looking at the statistics, and again, there's a big fan vote that is involved here with the Lee Gunn Player of the Month. I do think Mbappe is gonna be the one, can I vote? Can I end registrar on the vote? Is it, I don't think it's gonna let me. I think the voting might be closed, because for some reason I can't click on that. But this SBC should be coming out in the next couple of days, and I wanna talk about it because I think Mbappe is gonna win. I think he's a clear choice winner, just because it's Mbappe, right? It's PSG. A PSG player has won this award. I think now, if Mbappe wins this, it'll be three out of the last four Player of the Months have been won by a PSG player. We had Thiago Silva, then Ben Yetter, then Neymar, and then now Mbappe, if he does win this one, which I think that he will. So, and I wanna talk about this Neymar SBC. I wanna talk about, since the whole virus situation is going on, is this award actually going to be released? Which I think that it actually will be. Even though that I think France right now is under a state of lockdown. I don't know exactly about that, but this Bruno Fernandez Player of the Month award was released today on foot. So I think they're gonna release the Ligue 1 Player of the Month award as well. So if this one can come out, I think the Mbappe Player of the Month would come out as well. The Bruno Fernandez was a little bit delayed. There's a possibility with this Mbappe that it could be delayed as well. But I wanna talk about the hype from this SBC, and of course, can we invest for the Mbappe? Can we make some coins off of that? And what are you gonna see happen to a lot of his special cards on the game? Because Mbappe is a very, very top tier player in this game. And I'm gonna go take a look at one of his special cards right now that is very popular, and kinda talk you guys through the situation on what you might see with some of these special cards. So this Mbappe right here is the one that I wanna look at the most, because it's one of the two that I wanna look at the most. Of course, Mbappe has plenty of informs this year. If we go and take a look at his special cards, these cards really aren't moving that much in the panic sell. Wow, there's a huge price difference here between Xbox and PlayStation on this Mbappe inform. That's actually crazy. There's literally like a 500K, 550K difference between these cards on both consoles, which is pretty crazy. But this Mbappe card, we haven't seen much panic selling yet with these cards. I don't know if people realize that this player of the month is coming. And I'm gonna kinda compare this to the messy, wow, that's an undercut right there, 2.2. I'm gonna kinda compare this to the messy player of the month and the Neymar player of the month that we have already had in this game. And you know what, we have these player of the month SBCs nowadays. Oftentimes we see more market movements related around the other special cards that this player has. So like we should see more movements with Mbappe's informs and his other special cards. Then we might actually see with investments in the game because these SBCs have been so overpriced that a lot of people aren't just going out and doing them and selling everything to do them right away. So you don't see a ton of movements. It's a lot of time people have been completing these over a gradual amount of time. We have a month to do them. And think about how many people, I've had so many people come and tell me that they have finished the Neymar SBC. And since those people have finished Neymar, I think there's a pretty high probability they will try to finish Mbappe as well because obviously these guys are not playing. So if the best version of their card, at least as until we get the team of the season, if they're gonna have team of the season this year. Might be these Player of the Month cards which I think is driving some people to try to complete these SBCs. So I wanna talk about that a little bit today as well. I wanna take a look at the informs though first. So right now that 93 rated Mbappe inform is, well not here, he's like 2.3 million coins, right? 2.3 something, which is kind of where he's been chilling is 1.8 on the Xbox. Where is that 93 Mbappe? Can I find him please? 2.4 maybe? He might actually be like 2.4 mil. Here he is, 93 for 2.3, 2.399. So there's the highest rated version of Mbappe right now. What is this Player of the Month Mbappe gonna be? It's probably gonna be 94 rated. He's gonna be a plus one over this card. Most of his statistics I would expect to be plus ones, maybe a couple plus twos. So of course 99 pace, maybe 92 or 93 shooting, maybe 87 or 88 passing, and then probably 95 dribbling and then 82, 83 physical. I would expect just plus ones and plus twos on that card. And again, this is the stuff that we saw with the Messi cards based on the past SBC, the panic selling basically. And I wanna go show you guys this really quick because I want you to be on the lookout for this before the SBC comes, right? So this Messi Player of the Month, you can't really see it here, but there's a little bit of a rebound, right? This Messi POTM card was actually 1.75 million coins. It doesn't show on the footprint graph. He was 1.75 million coins. The night before his Player of the Month 97 SBC came out. So it was last week, right? Messi came out. The night before he came out, he was 1.77 million coins. He rebounded that same day back up to 2 million coins flat. He actually went from 1.77 up to 2 million coins. After his 97 Player of the Month SBC came out. And this SBC, as you can tell, 3.3 mil is very, very overpriced and people just went back and bought the cards. That was the second time that happened this year. Messi, first Player of the Month, was also released very expensive. This card went from 2.2 mil back up to 2.5. Again, there's so many people that wanna use cards like Messi, cards like Mbappe on this game, that if you do see panic selling beforehand, I think that might be one of your more better bets to go get that panic sold inform or panic sold special card instead of actually doing the Player of the Month SBC. But let's talk more about the SBC. What is the price gonna be for this card? Of course, this inform is 2.3 mil. I'm honestly thinking that they might do an exact like a copy paste of this name R SBC, which is 2.6 million coins to complete on according to Footbin. But that would seem like the accurate price range where I think they could price this Mbappe card. And again, we can use this SBC for kind of a reference. They've been doing everything. You know, boys, if the SBC comes out any different than what I'm about to tell you, I'd be very surprised. One squad featuring a league-on player, one squad featuring a PSG player, and one squad featuring a French player. That's how I would expect the SBC to look like when you open up Mbappe Player of the Month when the SBC is released. That's how I would expect it. These SBCs are so copy and paste this year that the requirements are not, you know, like individualized at all. It's just like the same formula. They keep copying, pasting. All they require is high-rated golds. So this Mbappe, or this Neymar, required an 86, 87, 287s, and then I think 388s and 389s. So a lot of high-rated players, a couple of informs that you had to turn in here. And this is right now 2.6 million coins to do because high-rated prices are up. High-rated fodder is up in price right now because of all the SBCs we've been doing. So if this Mbappe is somebody who you do want to do, I think it's gonna come out expensive and it might actually drop later on because if we go look at some high-rated players at the moment, I really don't think there's much of an opportunity here to invest in this SBC. 86s are 15, 16k, 87s are 24,000 coins. That's high. 88s are 35k, 89s are 45, 46,000 coins for some of them. This is the type of market where you're taking the coins and you're selling high-rated. This week you guys should be selling your high-rated because these are high prices. We have a lot of SBCs in the store right now. We could possibly have another promo coming this Friday which could drop them again. This is a time where you want to sell some of those high-rated cards. Even with this Mbappe coming out, I really would not advise investing at all. Don't go buying Cavani's because if we go take a look at Cavani's graph, you don't want to buy this guy unless he's like 27,000 coins or below, right? 27k is a decent buy price because you can see he booms here at 35. Now he's back up to 35k after being 26k all of last week and I was telling you guys like day in and day out, make sure you get some high-rated. So if you did, GG. But again, I don't think I would invest for this Mbappe SBC. It's probably going to be overpriced and that's just the nature of the beast. That's how these Player of the Month SBCs have been released this year on FIFA. So if you want this Mbappe card in your team, if they juice the Player of the Month and it comes out as a 95 and the SBC isn't crazily priced, then you could have an opportunity to look at that. But if the SBC is anywhere over 2.5 million and there's panic selling on the 93, 92, or 91-rated special cards for Mbappe, I would take a look at that panic selling first before anything else and look into more of that than I would with the actual doing the SBC. But I will tell you this, this SBC is going to be out for a month, right? That's how Player of the Month cards work. They are out for 27, 28 days. This Bruno Fernandez came out today. He's out for 27 days. If this SBC is somewhere in the realm of doable, I think there's going to be a lot of hype and a lot of people are going to end up doing the SBC, even if it costs 2.5 million like this Neymar is because the cool card design, can you imagine? And somebody's team having a 94 Neymar and a 94 Mbappe linked together with the same card design. There's going to be some people in this game that go for that because Neymar and Mbappe are two of the most overpowered players in FIFA and of course they get the strong link, both being on PSG and they link in popular positions, right? You can put that Mbappe striker, you can link it to the Neymar left wing or do a cam to left mid situation. There's a lot of stuff you can do with these two cards and I'm telling you guys, there are a lot of people in FIFA that have completed this Neymar Player of the Month. So that could increase some of the demand for the Mbappe Player of the Month and this is the first ever Mbappe Player of the Month, we've never had Player of the Month cards for these big name players on foot and now we actually have an opportunity to do that. One last thing I wanna cover is will they require his gold card? They will definitely not require his gold card. If they did, I would be shocked and that would mean a crazy rise in price for this card. He's 450,000 coins, 437 for that one right there. If they would require Mbappe's gold card, that would be I think the second time all year they required a gold card of the player who was getting the SBC actually might be the first time. I think they required a Bomb Yang, right? I forget, but that's something that they haven't been doing for a long time and they may not have done that for a couple of years now, maybe last year for a Bomb Yang, that's what I'm thinking of, but I would be absolutely shocked if they required Mbappe's gold card for the SBC. I do not see that happen at all, but I do expect the SBC to be somewhere around the 2.5 to 3 million coin range overpriced just like all of these other player the month SBCs have been. So again, watch the special cards on Mbappe, watch his informs, watch that stuff and maybe pick up on the panic selling for some of those in the next couple of days instead of doing the SBC. And then of course, this is the only problem with doing an untradable SBC, right? You're doing the untradable SBC, you don't have any more coins after it's over.  That's one benefit to also keeping a tradable card in your club over doing a player the month SBC like this that you're gonna have to feel like you're gonna have to keep in your team for the rest of foot for sure. One last thing I wanna note with you guys is the award, if you wanna find out when it's released, because it's probably not gonna be released in the next day or two and name our SBC as a couple of days left out and especially with the virus stuff, I don't know when this SBC is actually going to be released, but this Twitter account right here, the UNFP is the official account that has been tweeting out all of these player the month so far all year. So just watch for this tweet around, you know, like 6 p.m. UK time, 7 p.m., maybe actually like 5 p.m. UK time on possibly Thursday. I think a Thursday timeframe could be somewhere we look out for this. And again, this is a video that I know a lot of people are curious about because it's in Bapay, right? And again, we're probably gonna get a team of the season in Bapay in a couple months. Even if they don't finish out the year with all of the postponed games and the canceled games, I do feel like there will be a team of the season just because EA can use the stats and use the stuff that players have done before all the cancellation of games and call that team of the season based on where they finished at that point, you know? So I do still think we will get team of the season because that is an EA sports FIFA promo and that has nothing to do with the real life football just except for stats, right? So that's my thought about team of the season. That's just something to keep in mind as we're pretty close to team of the season. If you're gonna drop 2.6 million coins or more on an in Bapay player of the month card, you know, his team of the season card, which is gonna be probably 97 or 98 rated will have better stats and probably will end up costing somewhere around like the 2.5 to 3 million coin range in a couple months when that does come out. So I know there's a couple of months timeframe in there where you could say, you know, I could play a thousand games of him in that time span, that'd be a lot of games, but you could play 500 games of him in that time span and make it worth it. That's just a decision that you have to make on your own. I hopefully gave you enough information to make a really good informed decision about in Bapay and his player of the month coming up. Again, just to run down the facts, the SBC should be out sometime at the end of this week unless it is delayed because of the virus stuff and the cancellations and the lockdowns and all that. And I think it should be somewhere around the range of like 2.6 to 3 million coins. High rated prices are already high. It's again gonna just require high rated cards and informs. And again, watch for the panic on his special cards on this game because if there is any panic, you're gonna see it in these informs and the SBC is gonna come out, it's gonna be overpriced and those cards are gonna bounce right back up because this is one of the most desired and used players in FIFA Ultimate Team. So if you enjoyed this video, smash your thumbs up on it, comment down below if you have any questions and of course, subscribe to the channel if you're new. It's been Nate, foot of count. Catch you guys later. Peace out.


You've done it. Congratulations. I hope you all now have a solid understanding of pytorch. And more importantly of some of the big ideas behind deep learning. Different forms of initialization gradient descent. Regularization. Different architectures like con man con nets and gans and RNNs and transformers. And how to build them into methods like reinforcement learning. I also hope you can see the many similarities across the different applications and architectures. We've seen over and over the idea of auto encoding or masking. We've seen self supervised learning by blocking out some pixels or masking some words. And then taking these self trained networks, these con nets or transformers and using them to embed images or texts. And then fine tuning them, adjusting the last layer or last few layers. Whole industries are now arising as you well know on these applications. And on lots of GPU power on top of them. I think we're going to see an amazing decade of taking these core techniques and applying them to all sorts of areas. Finally, I hope your projects are finding a chance to think more about specific applications of these, how to incorporate the knowledge and the loss functions specific to a given problem. And then we'll move on to seeing all of your projects and hearing from you as you use deep learning throughout your careers, which I think many of you will after say, I guess 522, that will not be the end of deep learning. Thank you so much for a great semester and go forth and prosper.