Hello, everyone, and welcome to our National Archives Comes Alive Young Learners program. My name is Andrew Eidell, and I'm an education specialist at the National Archives, coming to you today from Philadelphia. We are so glad you're able to join us. Please take a moment to put where you're from in the chat so we know where everybody is joining us from across the country. This morning we will have the pleasure of meeting Amelia Earhart, aviation pioneer, best-selling author and champion for women's rights, so yay. Amelia Earhart will be portrayed by Pat Jordan, who is an actor, historian, and reenactor from the American Historical Theater. A few things about Amelia Earhart before we start. Amelia Earhart achieved many firsts during her career. She was a recipient of the United States Flying Cross. She was the first female to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. She also supported women's rights and championed roles for women as pilots in the aviation industry. During her time, she was considered a celebrity and became a best-selling author and close friend to First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt. Next slide, please. The National Archives has, in its holdings, records related to Amelia Earhart, including this famous photo of her standing in front of her plane. Next slide, please. We also have this one taken right before her last flight. And you'll see there's a link down below in this slide. You can find both of the images we just showed within the National Archives catalog online, as well as in DocsTeach, our online teaching tool for documents from the National Archives. You can also access educational activities for these images by searching for Amelia Earhart in DocsTeach. Next slide, please. These images are presented in our featured DocsTeach activity, which you'll see here associated with today's program. The DocsTeach Analyzing a Photograph Activity feature is all about looking closely at the details of a photograph. We're going to show this slide again at the end of the program today, so you'll get a chance to see it again, and hopefully you can check it out either right after the program or later on at some point. At the conclusion of today's presentation, we will have a question and answer session with Amelia Earhart, so if you have a question, please put it in the chat. The chat is monitored by colleagues of mine here at the National Archives. One last thing, all young learner programs are brought to you by the National Archives Public Programs and Education Team and the National Archives Foundation. And now, let us give a warm welcome to Amelia Earhart. Well, hello, friends, I'm delighted that you came out to wish me well on this big event in my journey through life. It's a long way from the farm in Atchison, Kansas, where I was born in July of 1897 to here, Miami, Florida, where tomorrow morning, June 1, 1937, I'll be taking off on a month-long trip around the world at the equator and will hopefully be home by the 4th of July. How did I get to this place in my life? Well, out to begin, my mother always encouraged my sister Muriel, we call her Pidge, and encouraged me to do fun, adventurous things, but my grandmother, with whom we spent a lot of time, didn't feel that way at all. Once she said, Millie, that's what I was called, please be more ladylike, which sounded pretty uninteresting to me, so I went off and built a roller coaster out of a wooden box and two long boards. Mother came out that day and gave Pidge and me bloomers. They were a lot like the boys' knickers or short pants and a lot easier to play in than skirts. My dad worked for the railroads and we moved quite a bit, which wasn't conducive to making friends, I must say. In fact, under my picture in the Hyde Park High School yearbook was the comment, the girl in brown who walks alone. Then after a happier time at the Ogon School outside of Philadelphia, I still didn't quite know what to do with my life. As for flying, the first time I saw an airplane, I wasn't impressed. But later was a different story. In 1918, I served as a nurse's aide in the Great War and one day saw a plane celebrating the end of the war. It was doing loops and rolls and disappearing behind the trees outside the hospital. And I asked myself, I wonder what it feels like to fly? Sometime later, I went to an air show where a famous flyer named Frank Hawks was selling rides in his biplane. I asked my dad to see about it because, well, I thought he wouldn't take up a woman. But he said he would if I didn't scream in fright. Ha! Not much sense of that, Mr. Hawks, although really I was a little nervous. But once we were flying above the crowd, I looked down and I called out to him, let's never go back to Earth again! Oh, it was all so beautiful. When we landed, he asked me if I was afraid. And I said truthfully, well, yes, a little, but you know what?  Thanks, Mr. Hawks. After that ride, all my questions about what to do with my life were answered. I knew that I wanted to fly. And to save money, I worked for a photographer, sorted mail to the post office. And then I drove a gravel truck, after which a lot of my friends dropped me. But it didn't matter. I began taking lessons. And one day, during a job as a social worker teaching the children of recent immigrants how to speak English, I received a phone call, a call which changed my life. I couldn't believe it. Captain Hilton Raley and Mr. George Putnam, a publicist, wanted me to fly the Atlantic Ocean. No woman had ever done that. And by now, in 1928, I had about 500 flying hours and I wasn't surprised to learn that I wouldn't be doing any actual flying. But they dubbed me the captain of the ship. It was called the Friendship. And I sat back in the fuselage and kept the log. After we landed in Burryport, Wales, President Calvin Coolidge wired congratulating me. I right away sent back a message that the success of that flight was due solely to the skill of the pilot and the navigator. To say this, I wrote a book about flight called 20 The Flight called 20 Hours 40 Minutes. I also purchased a yellow Avro avian airplane. Later I sold that and bought a kinner, which was yellow. And I called it my yellow canary. George Putnam became my manager and booked me on over 200 speeches, each in a different city. I became vice president for an airline, aviation editor for Cosmopolitan magazine, started my own fashion business and even lent my name to a lightweight luggage. I began entering more competitions too. Some worked out very well and others, well, I remember once my plane broke down in a field of cabbages right after I took off. The reporters and some of the crowd came running up to see if I was all right. And one reporter asked, Ms. Earhart, Ms. Earhart, are you all right? Yes, I said, will you ever fly again? I looked at him very directly and I said, yes, I will, but I will never eat another cabbage. One of the things I like about flying is that it has its ups and downs, but it is always interesting. In 1929, I bought a single engine Red Lockheed Vega airplane. I acquired my air transport license and now set some new records, including a woman's world flying record of 181.18 miles per hour. Other flyers were accomplishing a lot as well. And I started a group called the 99s named for the first 99 women charter members. They're a great bunch of gals. On a personal topic, GP, the nickname for my manager George Putnam, was a man of massive energy. As a publicist and a manager, I couldn't ask for more. He made sure everything I did was noticed. After a time, though, GP asked me to marry him, but marriage was not in my plans because my work was my life. He asked me six times and one day I was working on my new Vega when he popped his head into the fuselage and he said, Amelia, will you marry me? With some frustration in my voice, I answered, George, when will you stop asking me to marry you? And he looked at me and said, when you say yes. I guess he got me in a weak moment because I did say yes and we were married in February of 1931 in Connecticut. But before the ceremony, I wrote him a letter saying I couldn't guarantee to enjoy the confinements of living even in an attractive cage, but I would do my best. It's turned out to be a hectic lifestyle, but we've had a successful life together. I enjoyed writing and my first book, I liked so much that I decided to write another one, which I called the fun of it. Then one morning, I was reading the newspaper and saw that Ruth Nichols, another flyer, was planning to cross the Atlantic solo. I called George. TP, did you read that Ruth Nichols is planning to fly the Atlantic solo? I don't want her to be the first to do it. You know how I hated being just a sack of potatoes on that first friendship flight. There's more to life than just being a passenger. I want to do it. Yes. I do know my Vega has only one engine, but it's a very good engine. Oh, please, George, say you support me. Thank you, dear. Thank you. So on May 20, 1932, five years to the day that Charles Lindbergh made his solo flight across the Atlantic, I began mine.  It ended when I landed in a cow pasture in London, Derry, Ireland. A herd of cows was my first welcoming party, followed by the farmer and the townspeople. I was so tired, I couldn't even think of a thing to say, except, hello, I'm from America. President Herbert Hoover Wired saying that I had proven the capacity of women to match the skill of men. When we returned to New York, cheering crowds in a grand ticker tape parade greeted us, and I was given the National Geographic Society's special gold medal, where I said it was my hope that women pilots would soon be making flights as often as men. And then I added, I just wanted to make one thing clear. I am sure I didn't kill a cow when I landed in Ireland, unless one died of fright. It was also a great honor to have my flight featured in the National Geographic Magazine. Would you like to see it? It was in this issue, and I'll just show you one picture. But here I am, landing in Londonbury, and the people from the town all gathered about. I wish there'd been a cow in it, don't you? Well, to get along with it, George, as usual, had made sure the celebration was a splash throughout the country in the newspapers and on the radio. I sometimes tell people that I am a household name because of George's remarkable publicity efforts. In 1935, I became the first woman to fly over the Pacific from Honolulu to Oakland. I often say I flew from Honolulu to California because it's much easier to see the whole California than it is to see the tiny island from the Pacific Ocean. And I was the first person, man or woman, to fly over both oceans. What else do I do for fun? Well, for me, flying is the most fun. But on the ground, I started collecting stamps after discovering that selling stamps in envelopes called covers could help me pay for my trips. Sometime after that, Purdue University got in touch with me, and I was asked to teach there. It's a university that has 6,000 men students and 1,000 women, and it would be my job to instill in those college girls a conviction that their world should not be limited to becoming teachers. It shouldn't be as librarians or housekeepers or mothers which are all worthy of vocations. But they should go after whatever career they chose, no matter if it be as a mechanic, a truck driver or a flyer. A young woman who can create her own job is the person who will win fame and fortune. And the university had an idea that would fit into my idea of making a flight around the world at the equator. They explained that such a trip would provide a chance to study weather, particular climate conditions, and other research that had never been done before. A special fund was set up, and a twin-engine Lockheed Electra 10E airplane was purchased for this purpose, and plans now began in earnest. Around the campus, the plane was fitted out for these experiments and came to be known as Earhart's Flying Laboratory. Compared to small planes like my first yellow canner canary, I sometimes think of the Electra as a magnificent silver eagle of a plane. Many people don't know that only two people in the entire world fly an Electra 10E. How are cues of holly myself? There are so many things to think about in a trip like this one. Plans, plans, plans, and lots of questions. You probably heard that we had an accident in Honolulu in our first attempt back in March. But since then, the plane has been repaired, and we now have had the advantage of flying over land to check things out before leaving the country in this exciting new beginning of our trip around the world at the equator. Now we'll be heading from west to east to avoid the late spring monsoons. My navigator, Fred Noonan, and I have decided on radio voice transmission using frequencies 60 to 10 by day and 3105 at night. Now we both know Morse code, but we're now confident in our ability to communicate as well as we'd like on this trip. We have a new radio receiver, we've been instructed in its use, but we're still deciding whether to have an emergency trailing antenna on board. A lot depends on fuel and weight, which matters because we'll be traveling over 2,500 miles from La Inugini to Howland Island. The island is only two miles long. It's a small dot in the vast ocean. And there, the Coast Guard ship, the Etosca, will be waiting to send up a thick black smoke that will guide us through the heavy cloud cover, which usually exists almost all the time in that part of the world. We'll be taking along the rubber lifeboat, life belts, the usual tomato juice, hard boiled eggs, and chocolate squares, but we're expecting to have some truly fantastic dinners in the exotic places where we land. Fred and I will communicate using a bamboo fishing pole with a paper clip on the end so we can attach index cards with messages that can be attached to it. Also if he has to come forward from way in the back, in the fuselage, he can climb up to the cockpit on the catwalk over the fuel tanks. Oh, it's all very advanced stuff, wouldn't you say? It's a lot of planning, well, as I've often said. Being prepared is two-thirds of any venture. The rest is adventure, with no borders, just horizons. And for me, the fun of doing it is its own reward. I remember writing a note to my dad before our first big flight to be opened only if we didn't make it. The note said, who raved for the last grand adventure? I wish I had one, but it was worthwhile anyway. Sometimes I imagine what could happen on a flight like this, both good and bad. The fact is you'd be a fool not to think about both. Imagining problems can be a little spooky, I must say, but that's exactly the jittery kind of thing that tests your courage. I believe that having courage is such an important part of life. Every time we make a hard choice, it takes courage. Exactly the kind of thing that inspired me to write that note to my dad. Remember? Who reigned for the last grand adventure? I wish I had one, but it was worthwhile anyway. Well, it's time to get started. It's been a pleasure to be here today to tell you something about myself and my aspirations. And it's my hope that on our return to the United States, perhaps some of you will lie out to Oakland to greet us. I'm looking forward to that day, and I'm sure there will be some exciting stories to share. So goodbye, and I'll see you on the 4th of July. Right. Thank you so much, Ms. Earhart. What an exciting story, a story of courage and adventure. Just the kind of thing to get us thinking today. So I wanted to remind everybody who's watching to go ahead and put where you're joining us from in the chat. I know so far we have someone from Wildemore, California. Let's get some more things in the chat. But for now, we'll also start with some of our questions. And if you have questions, go ahead and put them in the chat as well. So let's start off with our first question. Why was your solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean so dangerous? Oh, I'm glad I came back thinking somebody might have a question. Yes, it was dangerous. I must tell you to begin with. All my instruments broke. My altimeter went. I had no idea how high or low I was flying. I discovered I had ice on the wings. And I had to fly lower in the warmer air. I was terrified of plunging into the ocean. My directional gyro went. I didn't know what way I was headed. And then just as you think nothing else could happen, a fire broke out in the manifold and smoldered until I landed in Ireland and was met by that herd of cows. I told you. Right. That story was scary with me. I know that was so funny that the cows were the first witnesses. OK, so thanks for explaining to us all the different things that could have gone wrong and actually did. But you still persisted and were able to land safely. So we're so glad to hear that. Oh, it looks like we have someone joining us from Hartford, Pennsylvania. I'm in Pennsylvania, too. So shout out especially for people in Pennsylvania joining us. Let's go to our second question. You've been talking about planes, and we love hearing about them, all the different kinds. But someone had a question. Did you ever own a car? Well, you know I drove a gravel truck, of course. Oh, that's true. Yeah. And interestingly, after I did have that job and after I was blind quite a bit, my personal life changed somewhat. My mother and father decided that they were going to separate. And my sister moved back east, and she was living in Boston. But dad decided he was going to stay in Oakland, and mother wanted to go out to where Muriel was.  So I sold my airplane, and I bought the most beautiful automobile that you have seen. It was a 1923 Kissel. Its model was the gold bug. And it was this bright yellow color I just loved it. Mother was a little bit impressed when she saw what we were going to be heading cross country in. And people would just wave at us as we were going by. But instead of going directly east, we went a little bit north and did some visits up in Canada. We saw BAMP and other places. And then we went and saw several national parks, which has always been interesting to me. And my mother was the first woman to do a lot of really, really high climbing. And I was so proud of her. She was always the first person to say to us, you kids go after what you want. So she was great. And so there we headed over, made our way to Boston, where we lived with for a time.  That's always nice. I can see where you got your spirit of adventure and daring from your mother. If she had all those accomplishments herself as well. All right, thank you. So our third question is, what famous people do you know that aren't flyers? Of course, most people weren't out flying airplanes. And you had to meet a lot of people as you were moving across the country and as you wrote your book. So who are some of the famous people that you know who aren't flyers but are admirers of your work of flying? Well, a lot of my friends, they may admire my flying, but I admire them to begin with. We have the friends of the president of the United States, Franklin Roosevelt, and his wife, Eleanor, who is a good friend of mine. Now Eleanor at one point said to me that she wanted to learn to fly and made my advice. And I said, oh, I think you should do it. Then she broke the news to her husband, the president. And he just looked at her and he said, I cannot let you be taking chances like that, Eleanor. I need you to help me run the country. You say no to that. That's true. But. That's a good argument. I thought it was, but we still had to assert ourselves a little bit. So one night we were all dressed up in our long dresses and our wraps at dinner at the White House. When Eleanor and I on a queue that we gave one another, I said, how about taking a little spin around Washington in an airplane, Eleanor? And she said, oh, I'd be delighted. And so we got up, we put on our wraps, and we started out, we turned around, we said, ta-ta-men or something like that and headed out to an airplane that I had rented in advance. And on that beautiful, beautiful evening, Eleanor and Rose, Eleanor Roosevelt and I flew around the city of Washington, DC enjoying the lights below and having a little smile about what we did to our husbands. Right. And did she like flying as well? I know you had mentioned that in your first flight, you were a little bit afraid, but did she like being up in the airplane? She would love anything that required courage. That is a woman you just have to admire for everything she does. I just love being a friend of hers, but I did have a few other friends and still do people who maybe some people have not heard of. One is Gene Fidal. He was an Olympic competitor and a quite amazing athlete, but he also got involved in aviation and we were partners in an airline, Transcontinental Air Transport and he was the general manager there. And then he became the advisor to the United States Army's Chief of Staff. So he is quite an accomplished individual and a lot of fun to be around. And just as much fun is my friend Paul Mantz. I think he is the world's best Hollywood stunt flyer. This man can do anything in the air. And he was actually a strong contender to be the navigator on this trip around the world at the equator. So, and finally, I have to say that George Putnam, my husband, is a really, really well-known person as a publicist. He's publicized so many people, but mostly he has made me, as I said earlier, a household name for which I am so grateful. But he was also as a publicist working out in Hollywood for a while. And because of that, I got to know some people who you may have heard about or maybe not, but I'll show this to you anyway. And let's see, where is this? Here we have me and, wait a minute, where is Carrie? Me and Carrie Rent, the most handsome actor I've ever seen, even in person. Yes. And then also, can you see... Who is the person with you? You can see that. That's Harpo Marks. He was quite a character. He left me kind of speechless sometimes, you know? But that's his job, I suppose. Yes. So I met them and a lot of others started. So really what I always say is, it's great to have a husband who's a publicist because you never know who he's going to bring home for dinner. That's true. And let's see, we have another question, but I also wanted to give a shout out for the person from Battle Creek, Michigan, who's watching. And the question is, you have such an adventurous life, so many things happening, but the question is, what else do you do for fun besides all the flying, all the meeting people, you know, writing the book, what else do you like to do? Well, as you probably have guessed by now that for me, flying is the fun. But when I'm on the ground, there is something that I've been attracted to and it came directly from my flying experience. And it is that when I first started, we discovered just how expensive it is to make these flights when you fly. You've got to find ways to earn money. And one thing we found was that people were anxious, excited to buy stamps in packages that they're like an envelope, but they were called covers. And in them, a bunch of stamps are placed and they're all stamped. And the people pay a certain amount of money to buy one of these. And then I carry them in my airplane on a record-breaking flight. And when they get back, they own an envelope, a cover that Amelia Earhart flew across the country for somewhere else. I made many transcontinental flights and that's how we raise money. But one in particular, I really love. But first, I thought it would be, oh, there, I think we- Yes, we have it up on the screen on some of the state ops. I'm very excited about that. Thank you. Yes, I flew from Oakland, California down to Mexico City. And after that, up to Newark, New Jersey. And that was a record breaker. I was invited to go to Mexico City by the government of Mexico. And what they did was, they called it an overprint. They took one of their own stamps and then they printed over it, Amelia Earhart and Mexico, I think it says, let me see what it said on it. Yeah, Del Bueno Voluntad, Mexico, 1935. And I got to looking at stamps after a while, you know, when so many people were buying them. And honestly, they're all so beautiful they're like little works of art. I just love pretty things. And sometimes I just think that if I have been to one of the places, I think back and it's like revisiting, like as if you almost have like a photograph in a way, only a tiny one. And other places, I look and say, gee, I've never been there. Wouldn't that be great? And it becomes something that extends my consideration of how great it is to travel and to get somewhere and see the different things about other people and cultures. But at the same time, get to see how much we have in common. Travel is a wonderful way to discover those things. So that's why I like stamp collecting, Hange. That is great. Yeah, I maybe, I'm gonna ask you our final question and maybe that'll play into what your answer is going to be this idea about travel and seeing new things and learning about other cultures. Or maybe it'll be something completely different, but here's the question, our final question for you today. What advice do you, Amelia Earhart, have for our young people today? Thank you for asking me that question. The advice I have is this. Always try to keep adventure and fun in your life. It doesn't matter what you do. Even if you, no, maybe you work in a flower shop or a short order cook or a writer, whatever it is you do, discover something in your job that makes you happy. The second thing is keep learning. I like to use the example of Clara Barton, the very famous Civil War nurse and the founder of the American Red Cross. She always said, anything you can learn is important because you never know if you will need it. And her brother, David, although all her siblings taught her how to read and write whatever, but David taught her things like how to play ball, how to tie really interesting and different and useful knots, how to ride a horse well and later in her life, all those things were useful to her. And so I would suggest take Clara Barton's advice, which has become my advice, keep learning. And thirdly, never lose your sense of your individuality. It's important you are a person of your own and it's fine to be a member of a group or a member of a team, but in the end it comes back to you and who you are and the character that you bring to that because character in life really matters. Oh, great advice. And I certainly agree with you and with Clara Barton in that, just keep learning because you never know. So thank you so much for your time today. And now we wanna take one last look at that Doc's Teach educational activity related to Amelia Earhart. So we'll look at that slide. So those of you who would like to go to our Doc's Teach page and search Amelia Earhart can find this activity for you to look closely at the photograph of her in her airplane here. And also, if you'll move to the next slide please, I wanted to let you know that next month in our Young Learners Program, we will have John Adams, one of the founders and leaders of the early United States, discussing his role in crafting the United States Constitution. And that'll be Thursday, September 15th at 11 a.m. and of course, September is Constitution month. So we especially wanna hear about stories of the Constitution. So dates and information about programs beyond that because we do this once a month can be found on the National Archives website which is archives.gov under attend an event and on our National Archives Facebook page. So thank you again, Amelia Earhart and thank you all for participating in our program today and we hope to see you next time. Bye.


Hey guys, what's up, it's Isaac and today I'm gonna be talking about the time I wanted to get married at 13 years old. But first, I just wanna give a huge shout out to my patrons on Patreon. Thank you guys for your support. It means the world to me. It helps me do what I do here. And if you wanna help support my ministry and the videos and blog posts and all the resources that I create, head over to patreon.com slash daily underscore disciple to help support this ministry. It's my goal to do this full time and you help me do that by signing up on Patreon link in description. Now onto the video. This is the story of me wanting to get married at 13 years old. I actually share this story in my new book, A Letter to My Father, What Your Son Wants to Tell You, but doesn't, you can pick up the book, it's link in description. But I tell this story in the chapter about purity, weighting, and girls. And so I wanna share it with you today. So I wanna paint a picture for you. I was 13 years old on my, I don't know what generation it was, but it was a old, old, I'm not an iPhone, an iPod. This was like an ancient thing. It was so small now. I have like a big, a pretty big phone now. And it was like a little dinky thing. And I watch YouTube on it. And at the time I was obsessed with a pastor named Vodibhakam. And so I would look up his sermons in just different clips that people would make, montage videos that they would make online of his preaching highlights. I was a weird kid. So I would search up these different videos and sermons. And there was one particular sermon that was called something like What He Must Be. And I was like, well, this is an intriguing title. My 13 year old mind thought. So I clicked on the button and I proceeded to watch. So I'm watching this sermon. And what I find out is that this sermon is actually all about what a young man must be before he's ready to get married. So Vodibhakam's talking about, he must have like a good spiritual life, solid spiritually, solid emotionally. And he must have a job. And there were some other things, but I was like a job. And I was like checking off things. I'm like, I'm pretty solid spiritually in my 13 year old mind. I'm pretty solid emotionally at 13 years old. No, I was not. But I don't have a job. So I was like, I need to get a job. And understand this, I had no prospects. It's not like there was like this one person. I was like, I want to marry her. There was none of that. But it was just like this sense from a 13 year old like, look, this is what's going to happen. I'm going to get married. And in my mind, I don't think I really thought I was going to get married, but it was like, I just need a job. I just need a job and then it'll happen for me. But I think what's kind of funny as I look back at this is just this idea that, look, God has designed marriage, it's good. There's nothing wrong with wanting to be married. Even as a 13 year old, I mean, you shouldn't get married at 13, but that desire, that's okay, because God designed us that way to want to be in that relationship. And something that I actually talk about in my book is this idea that my dad would often tell me as a younger teen, this idea that our desires, like our sexual desires, they're not wrong necessarily, but it's an idea of not yet. Like God has prepared those desires for a certain time in our lives. When we are married, when we are in that covenant relationship, when those desires can be fulfilled within that context of marriage between one man and one woman. But it's not time yet when you're 13 years old to have those desires really fulfilled. That's not what that time is for, right? So this idea of not yet. And I think that's really important to hold onto in our Christian culture because sometimes we can get in the space, like those things are wrong. The fact that we're, seeming like we're not sexual beings, that we're not, we shouldn't have those longings or desires at all, because those are just evil kind of thing.  He created us as people that have these desires and have these longings. But understanding that God has created those for a specific time and a specific context in our lives. So he's created those desires to be fulfilled within the context of that relationship, the marriage between one man and one woman, right? And what we often can get in the space of sometimes is we can justify our dabbling into whatever it may be pornography or premarital sex or just like crossing boundaries that shouldn't be crossed, right? Because we say, oh, well, I made this way. I need to be satisfied in this way. I need to, this is how I'm wired kind of thing. And not understanding that, yeah, to a degree that was how you're wired, but those desires, right? We're designed to be specifically fulfilled in that relationship like we're talking about. So we shouldn't be in the space of using that as an excuse, like, well, God created me this way. Because he didn't create you to use those things wrongly. We're twisting what God has created, right? We're distorting what God has created. And I think that's a lot of the fault of, you know, our own sinful desires at the fall, you know, the fall of man, Adam and Eve. A lot of those things that were good that were created right and holy, they were distorted and twisted. And we use a lot of these things as excuses like, well, God created me this way. This is the way I'm supposed to be. But we gotta be looking at, hey, what does God say about these things? What does God tell us how these things should be, you know, fulfilled? What does God have to say about marriage? What does God have to say about love and all these kinds of things? So I think it's important that we look at God's word and what he's told us about these things instead of just saying, wow, this is the way God made me kind of thing. So I just want to encourage you guys with those things. Just like this idea that, hey, look, those desires aren't wrong necessarily. Yes, we're created as sexual beings, but that's not an excuse to indulge in things like pornography, lust, or whatever it may be, crossing those boundaries, right? Jesus says, whoever looks on a woman, the lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. God's standard is really, really high, right? In terms of purity. And we know, yeah, we fall short. Yeah, we do break God's law, but we can find that redemption in the gospel and the fact that, yes, Jesus has come to take the penalty of our sin on himself and we can be free from those things. That doesn't mean we never make a mistake, but it means that, look, we are forgiven in his work on the cross and we have a new identity and that new identity loves God and is founded in his work on the cross. So we can now act out of a love for God saying, I don't want those things. I don't want to distort God's way of what he is designed. I wanna wait, right? I wanna have these things, have these desires fulfilled in their proper context, in the context of marriage. I don't want to go against what God wants just because I wanna be fulfilled or I want my desires to be fulfilled prematurely and in a wrong way, in a sinful way. So it's important to understand from a biblical perspective, sexuality in and of itself is not bad. We're created with that aspect of ourselves. That's core to who are being, right? But it's not an excuse to just use it willy-nilly. We should listen to what God has to say in his word and the right context to be able to fulfill those desires. So that's part of the reason that I love what my dad told me as a teenager and I still remember this day, this idea of not yet, not yet. Wait on God's timing for him to bring that person in your life where you can get engaged, get married and that can be the time when those desires can be met and it'll be so worth it. But I think it's just important now as a single person, this idea that, hey, I'm not gonna make excuses. I'm not gonna say, hey, look, this is how I was made. This is what I need to do. I'm gonna honor God with my body and with my mind in this time. Once again, if you wanna pick up my new book, A Letter to My Father, What Your Son Wants to Tell You but doesn't, you can pick that up, link in description. Thanks so much for watching, guys. If you enjoyed this video, give it a like and leave a comment down below with what your thoughts are on this issue. I know it's a little bit complicated but I think it's important that we go back to God's word and really found our bearings there. Subscribe to the YouTube channel and, because we're putting out new videos all the time, Mondays and Thursdays. Thanks so much for watching, guys and I'll see you next time. See ya.


We are launching our EV by the end of this year and I agree with Mr. Ghosh what he said that we are on the cusp, I think we are reaching a tipping point where it's not only EV for EV sake, it's going to be a very important part of the whole ecosystem of transition, what's happening. So, I'm happy that we're in the forefront and we have the technology, we have partnership with the best battery manufacturer of CATL of China and so we are going to bring that to India. I would like to believe our car is going to be a globally acclaimed car, first time in India which people haven't seen so far. Our first launch has been Hector which is in the price range of around 12 lakhs to 17 lakhs, an extra room basis. Our EV, the next work EV is not going to be cheap, it's going to be in the range of 20 lakhs, 25 lakhs but a decent size as EV and then we are lining up more products. I'm sure to be significant here in the country you need to come and do more affordable price range as you just set. So step at a time, it's definitely there on our radar, it will come at the right time. I think there's quite a buzz now around the EV, whoever some customers who know that we are going to come have shown a lot of iniquitiveness and they are asking us lots of questions. So there is some kind of hope and we are also trying to get into more educational space right now to tell people about the whole car, the battery, myths of EV, like cycle management, the safety side of battery, the range anxiety, the charging infrastructure, so a whole lot of issues. So we all have to go through this learning curve and this will evolve. I'm happy that we are part of this initial revolution or the transformation and we don't have 100% solution right now. We don't have all the answers right now but at least we need to start so I'm happy that we are going to start. When you do any transformation, any change, sometimes you don't have all the answers. Now there are two kinds of, if I oversimplify my answer to your question, that either we wait for the perfect day for a perfect solution and we can say that because charging infrastructure is not there, infrastructure is not there, right, players are not there in the ecosystem and we can wait for the perfect solution means wait for another 4, 5, 6 years or be part of this change and collaborate with the right partners along with the government and other stakeholders and you make a start. So we believe in this kind of a thing that let's make a start and there is no perfect timing and we will evolve together. So some consumers I'm sure will love to try this out and we will do our best to provide them the charging infrastructure that their players, that our dealers plays at some highly frequented places in the city so that they are not, they don't get stuck on the road for lack of battery. So we are planning with stakeholders, I'm quite confident with the kind of product that we are going to offer because consumers haven't seen in India, in India that kind of stuff so I'm sure it's going to be appreciated. So likewise in EB, if you have a good EB product, my feeling is there would be a lot of takers, obviously good product means good technology, good range, good price and also some piece of mind in terms of infrastructure so if the whole proposition is compelling there would be some, there would be a lot of takers.


Language is an important aspect of public speaking. It's one of the best tools that we have in our tool belt as speakers is the language that we use and these choices with language are so critical, so I want to spend a little time talking about language as it relates to public speaking. So first of all, when we talk about language, we're talking about a symbolic system of written or spoken words used to communicate messages. That's all language is. It's a symbolic system. We need to remember that. It's really made up, but those symbols are interpreted differently by different people. So we need to remember that while language is symbolic, it's very simple. It's just a man-made way of or human-wade way of communicating with one another. But those symbols have power and they're important and those are important choices. Let's take a look at some of the characteristics of language. First of all, I just mentioned words are powerful. Language is powerful and words have power. We need to recognize that power and the good that it can do and the harm that it can do all at the same time. So we need to keep in mind that we have a powerful weapon at our disposal and that's just the language and the words that we choose. Language also is an important part of creating our social reality. Language is how we shape our world and how we define things and how we indicate our feelings about something. So for example, if we think about the protests that took place on January 6, are these people protestors and patriots? We're at the Capitol on January 6th in 2021 where they protestors and patriots. We use that language. What does that indicate? What does that signify? Or alternatively, were they insurrectionists and criminals? Again, I'm not taking a stand on this, I'm just pointing out that the language that we use to describe things is important. It creates that social reality and determines how people see it, how we think about it and how what our shared experience is with that. Language is also powerful. Think about it when kids are young, for example. What do these kids hear? What are they hearing about themselves? Are they getting encouragement? Are they hearing you're smart, you're capable, you have value?  You don't bring anything to the table, you're worthless. That creates their reality. That language, the language that we use with these kids and that we use with other people in general, creates in part our social reality and our shared understanding of the world. Language is incredibly powerful. It creates that social reality. The last part here is what American philosopher Eric Hoffer once said. We often use strong language not to express a powerful emotion, but to evoke it in us. That brings us to the last point here, that language is used to evoke emotions. We use language to tap into people's emotions, to express our own emotions, of course, but also to bring that emotion out of another, to connect with them emotionally, to convey a particular emotion or try and pull out a particular emotion from a person. Language is used then to evoke emotions. Emotive language comes all across the spectrum here. It's used in a variety of ways, but we can think about the impact and connotation of words in a positive way, such as words like courage, freedom, hero, these are all positive things. When we use these words, we get a positive connotation and they tend to bring a positive meaning to the person hearing them. When we use those words, we're using them to elicit a positive emotion. When we use other words that may evoke a negative emotion, words like oppression, fool, or hate, those tap into a more negative emotion and provide that kind of a mode of language. There's other language that just is pretty neutral. It just is what it is. It's descriptive. It's not bringing a positive or negative emotion to it. Words like something or computer or telephone, for most of us, those are just neutral things. They're just words. A lot of language, though, has a mixed meaning with emotion, a mode of language has a mixed impact. The words bring a variety of reactions, things like socialism and marijuana and vegetables. A lot of people like vegetables.  That has a negative emotion for me, but for a lot of people, they're very positive. They have big debates on marijuana. Is it positive? Is it negative? Using language like that is very emotive and pulls different emotions out of people in a mixed way. We need to remember that language is emotive. It's used to evoke emotions. As speakers, of course, we want to use language effectively. We want to use language to the great effect in achieving our goal. Whatever our message is, whatever we're hoping to achieve without audience, we ought to use language in such a way that it helps us to do so. In order to do so, as a speaker, first of all, we really kind of need to use simple language. We need to help the audience get from point A to point B as effectively and efficiently as possible. We have to recall that as speakers, the audience doesn't necessarily have ... They don't have a transcript of our speech in front of them. It's not a paper. They're not reading it. We need to use language that the audience can access immediately, can have a great understanding of immediately, and not have to really work at. We want to use simple language as simple as possible in most cases. To get that audience, again, straight from point A to point B without all the curves and tangly areas there. We also want to personalize our language. We want to humanize things and have it connect with the audience in a personal way, in a real world type of way. We can talk about cancer statistics with an audience, and they would understand that. They would maybe have some meaning to them. How much more effective is it when we talk about a cancer patient, when we talk about a person who's experiencing cancer? We can personalize that language. We can humanize it by talking about individuals, by talking about real world things and connections, and using language in that type of way, as opposed to in a colder kind of way, just in strictly logical or statistical types of terms. We can personalize that language. We want to avoid jargon and slang usually. For the most part, we want to avoid jargon and slang. Now, sometimes these things can be used to help us identify or connect with an audience, but for the most part jargon and slang become very confusing for an audience, and we want to use simple language. Now, by jargon, we're talking about things that are specific to a specific field. That jargon is used in that field or in that organization, in that specific area, and so it's specific to that particular culture or that particular field. So thinking about the military, for example, they don't have bathrooms in the military. They have, depending on which branch you're in, you go to the latrine or the head or the powder room, but not the bathroom, but that's jargon that is specific to the military. Same way with the bed. They don't have beds. They have bunks or racks usually. So that jargon, though, in the military, it's a lot of jargon, and so they use it effectively to great effect for their purposes. We want to avoid, though, unless we're talking to a specific group that's going to understand that jargon, then we ought to avoid jargon for the most part. We also want to avoid slang, which is just informal language. We think a lot of times we think of slang with teenagers and things, and slang changes over the years, but as a speaker, we want to formalize our language a bit and avoid things like jargon and informal language like slang. We also want to be careful with idioms. These are our expressions or things in a language that really don't make a lot of sense. They make sense to people who speak that language because we understand the meaning behind it, but for people who don't necessarily speak that language, then idioms are oftentimes difficult to grasp and difficult to understand. So idioms are things like, you're pulling my leg. You're pulling my leg. Now, somebody taking that literally would think, I'm not pulling your leg, but we see a couple of different idioms here, but things like kick the bucket are things that don't really make a lot of sense unless you have a firm understanding of what that means already. We want to be careful with idioms because they're not universally understood. We want to use concrete and precise language. Language that's concrete is very specific and not abstract. So if we think about things on a spectrum or a ladder of abstraction, to say produce is an abstract word. It could mean even if we narrowed it down to vegetables and fruits, it could be any kind of vegetable or fruit, it could be a produce. But we can get more and more specific and identifying what it is we're talking about, and that gets us more concrete. Instead of produce, if I said the braver and apple I had for breakfast, that's a specific apple, a very specific apple, not just any kind of produce. So we want to use as speakers concrete and precise language so that the audience is on the same page as us and has a very specific understanding of what it is we're sharing. In addition to this, we want to use correct grammar. It's very important for in terms of an audience taking you seriously and having confidence in you as a speaker that you use correct grammar. Don't know how else to express that, but just to understand the rules of grammar and follow them when you're speaking. You also want to be aware of connotation. Kind of already talked about this in terms of people have different meanings. Language is symbolic. So when we use the words inquisitive, curious, and nosy, they all kind of mean the same thing, but they carry different connotations. When you call somebody nosy, that's really kind of a negative thing.  Those have a more positive connotation than nosy. So be aware that your language has connotation and that people may interpret it differently and we need to be aware of our language choices in that way. We want to avoid what we call powerless language. And this includes things like hedges and tag questions and qualifiers. Hedges meaning, you know, I think maybe we're not expressing something with great confidence. Tag questions are things like, don't you think? Or am I right? You know, those types of things that indicate again, you're not totally confident in your own answer. And then qualifiers such as, you know, well, I think maybe could be, you know, those are kind of hedges. But in my opinion, those types of things, if we're expressing an opinion, that's okay. But we need to avoid powerless language when we're trying to sound confident or trying to express our expertise and our understanding, our knowledge in that area. Powerless language does not convey that to the audience. So we want to avoid those types of language usage. We want to avoid cliches. You know, the cliches are just, they're cliches for a reason. They've been used and used and used. They're not creative. It doesn't demonstrate to the audience a good level of preparation or a good level of expertise and a good level of knowledge in that area. So just avoid cliches if at all possible. Finally, we want to just touch on a couple items related to language and ethics. Being ethical as a speaker is incredibly important. Again, language has great power. So we need to wield it responsibly and we need to use it ethically. So with that in mind, a couple of things to keep in mind. We want to use gender-neutral language, setting your politics aside on how you feel about these types of things. It's important as a speaker that we use gender-neutral language to appeal to the more universal audience and the broader audience. So we want to avoid the generic he. We don't want to say things like, you know, when we refer to doctors, we don't want to say, you know, doctors and he in this and, you know, referring to doctors as all men or something, implying that they're all men. Obviously they're women doctors and women surgeons and women everything. So we don't avoid just using the generic he. If we can, we want to avoid man-linked terms. So we want to avoid things like mankind and things that use man, imply that men are kind of the center of the universe. Now it can be a little bit awkward, I think to use terms. I mean, you can use humankind, but that's a little awkward. Then you just use a different term. Just find a way to phrase it differently, but avoid those man-linked terms that we're using gender-neutral language. We want to use culturally sensitive language. We want to understand, understand coming back to audience analysis. Who's our audience? What's this culture? We want to use language that's culturally sensitive and we're universally accepted in a cultural sense. We want to avoid profanity. Like even if you're somebody who curses on a regular basis as a speaker, leave that out. Like we're appealing to a more universal audience and it just doesn't fly with many people, a lot of people. And it also just tends to, quite frankly, make you not sound as capable, as knowledgeable when you rely on profanity. So leave profanity out of it. Avoid exaggeration whenever possible. You want to be straightforward with these people. You're developing credibility. You're developing trustworthiness you're attempting to. And we need to consider ethos here. We want to avoid exaggeration and just leave that out and use our language responsibly in that way as well. Hopefully you have a better understanding of the importance of language as a speaker. Again, it's really one of the most important tools in our tool belt. I did something that's totally within our control as well. That's the other thing we have in our language, just a multitude of choices and a variety of ways that we can express ideas and get our message across. So choosing the language that's most appropriate is incredibly important for that effort. If you have questions about language or any other aspect of public speaking, please feel free to send me an email. I'd be happy to communicate with you that way. And in the meantime, I hope you will really give thought and consideration to your language and the impact that it has and the role that it plays in your success as a public speaker.


What's up guys Aaron here from Departures Capital. We got my favorite guest on this show, Rich TV Live. How you doing Rich? I'm great Aaron. How you doing today, buddy? You're awesome. So we've got some crazy news coming up from Rich But first I want to ask you about the aphria, rumors and big tobacco coming into the market. So let's hear it Yeah, it's some big news. Obviously we've had Canobie Growth do a massive multi-billion dollar deal with Constellation brands to kind of set the stage for everybody else Now aphria is in talks with a big Big tobacco company Altria, I believe it's called Sorry, they said the Marlboro maker. I thought Philip Morris made Marlboro, but I heard that name So Altria is the name of the company and the symbol is MO Yeah, okay, they're their senior exchange symbol is MO and they're in talks So apparently they met on Monday and they're full blown talks. Nothing is signed sealed and delivered There's no there's no deal in in writing yet But it's very positive news and based on this news aphria exploded yesterday 14 percent by the rumors sell the news And that's what people did yesterday. So congratulations to anybody who took advantage of that opportunity But obviously today the markets are back aggressively in the red so We're seeing a free down at 1.7 percent. So they're holding on to most of those gains Which is good and I believe now we're still in a holding period So now everyone buys the rumors now we're in a holding period now. They're waiting for the news I anticipate when the news comes out it might go up initially and then come back down sharply Like we've seen happen with Aurora cannabis recently. Yeah. Yeah, definitely So, I mean, I think it's gonna be a big positive for a market You know what we saw was possible with once Constellation brands came in it was like all the stocks exploded not just Canopy so and I mean when Canopy did that deal the stock doubled it was that 30 it went to 60 So yeah, yeah, they do a billion-dollar deal. I bought the date the day right before it was it was ridiculous I was just like so happy Canopy like I was like, oh the stocks a little high 30 bucks cool the next day 38% what and then the next it just ran so That was nuts So I heard you have a new company that we're talking about and I'd love to hear Yes, so one of my members Andrew Ellington Brought me a pick a month ago and was like rich pure up here up here up Pura on the OTC markets.  I was like, yeah I'm so busy. I'm looking like at a hundred stocks. I didn't look at it I didn't look at it until yesterday when it was up 51% It broke 8 cents. He got in at 5 a lot of other members got in at 5 it went to 8 cents And then this morning I'm dropping a video pre-market on Pura and I'm watching a client and I'm like what the hell I don't know what it's at right now. I haven't looked on market recently But last time I looked it was up as much as 48% today was at 13 cents I don't know what it's at right now, but it is being doing it Pura It was doing really well last time I looked and a lot of our members have been able to Maximize profits from the pick so congratulations to anybody who was one on Pura today And remember don't get greedy guys buying the red selling the green No, exactly. Okay, so I heard you were I heard someone Very interesting someone that's been the talk of the town has contacted you so let's hear What's going on there? It's true. So I have a message for this individual He's been trying to contact me through email. He left a voicemail on my phone from a private number and said that he wanted to Communicate with me so I thought I would communicate to a song And and this is ill kid and all he does is drop hits I drop pics and ill kid drops hits So I want you to listen very carefully to the lyrics.  I'm gonna put my left hand up Get your hands up what other channels do you know that are bringing hip-hop to the investing world? We're just here to entertain the people man Entertainment and education man have fun make money That's the rich TV live is all about. I know that's what departure capital is all about We're gonna have fun man, but when you got these evil guys dr. Evil Mr. Kryptonite of the cannabis sector Doing everything you can to litigate against these companies The people need to fight back and we're steaming live. We're fighting back. It's true In fact everybody go to Andrew left at gmail.com and send him an email and let him know exactly What you think about him? Is that his actual gmail? That's it. That's the email. He gave me if it is him Who knows it sounded like him? So I got this message for you mr. Left's this message is for you if you feel like me And you said he dropped it in like an hour Oh, yeah, yeah, like anybody that wants to come at rich TV live beware ill kid will have the diss track coming out very soon for you Anybody that wants to battle just come bring it man. We ain't afraid One thing we are not here rich TV live is we are not afraid. We will not panic cell mr. Left I promise you that we will not panic cell I'll hold out longer than you mr. Left because your short squeezing companies your shorting companies and because of that You get margin called so you have to cover your shorts. I'm a long trader. I can hold long term I can hold for one year. I can hold for two years. I can hold for ten years I'll wait you out mr. Left. I'll await you. I'm very curious What happened on that 90% 96% till race bike day? What do you think happened? I? Think Andrew left did everything he could to short it and make sure it went down So that he can make a lot of money But do you think there was a margin call on his end or no? probably I Would be surprised. I mean like I said how many of us every time a stock goes down on us is going to litigate against those companies Yeah, when he shorts a stock and it goes up on him. He litigates against the companies Exactly, I'm just thinking like that stock ran like a hundred twenty percent two days So like how do you control that like there must have been? I'm who knows maybe there's a margin call. Maybe that's why you guys are in talks now Well, I'm not talking he's trying to talk to me, but I'm not I know I'll speak to him through my music I just mean Yeah, he's trying to contact mr. Left you've tried to email me you've tried to call me from a private number Which is very sketchy by the way. Okay, if you want to reach out to me Reach out to me man. I'm right here. You can get me anytime. Don't use a private number Stop hiding Okay, so yeah Wow, it's just wild.  So we saw a 4% drop in the Nasdaq three and a half percent drop in the S&P and the Dow Jones yesterday We're in the red again today the Nasdaq dipping into the green just a little bit But the broader indexes are pretty much in full-on sell mode So how do you think this is going to affect the cannabis stocks the cannabis industry? Is it short-term long-term or how do you feel? The markets have been on a massive bull ride ever since Trump got into power It had to come back down Everything was at all-time highs the Dow the Nasdaq the S&P 500 everything's been at all-time high So what goes up must come down there is gravity in the market always has been always will be what goes down Must go up what was up must come down. So I'm not surprised will it hurt the cannabis stocks? Of course, it will has it hurt them. Yes, will it continue to hurt them? Yes What do I think long-term? I think that as long as you invest in good companies with strong revenues strong products strong management You will win Yeah, I fully agree with that and the one thing that our viewers can take for us I feel there will be again whenever the market corrects There's gonna be a rotation from growth into value not necessarily the cannabis sector, but the broader market I think we're gonna see a rotation out of tech in the consumer staples Into Utilities and energy. That's just my personal opinion. What do you think about that? I? Think it's I think it's possible. I think anything's possible. I think that the market is just going in cycles And I've had this argument with people within my membership that like it's gonna crash It's gonna go down like never before and I'm like, well, just look at the 90-year chart of the S&P 500 It's never done that it goes down and then it immediately within weeks comes right back up and then goes higher than before So if it does crash all it's going to do is generate a buying opportunity now If there's a recession that will be that will last years But the market itself it never stays down for extended periods of time ever Yeah, because there's always someone with cash and not in the market. Oh now the market's down. Oh now it's a buying opportunity It's just These are these are real businesses These are the things that make money and when they're at a discount Especially if the market's down so much then someone's gonna buy them eventually So I totally agree with that Anyways in yeah, I think that was a great talk we had a lot of topics in there and We'll wrap up this video. Is there anything else that you have to say for the day rich? I just wanted to say thank you guys for all your support Rich TV live has grown tremendously with all of the members and everybody's support the partners capital is growing very quickly The two of us are growing tremendously. Thanks to you the people. I love you guys We broke 16,000 subscribers on YouTube yesterday. I believe you're you just broke 11,000 or you're about to break 11,000 I've got like 20 some more to go. So so Get me to 11k guys. Yeah. Yeah hit that subscribe button guys. Please support both of us We're just here to help you guys bring you guys the winners. We love you guys We appreciate all your effort all your support. We couldn't do it without you guys and Honestly, I just feel blessed man. Thank you guys for everything and and Erin Thank you for all your support and everything you've done as well This is a great collaboration and I think it's a partnership that we can have for years to come Exactly rich. I look forward to it and thank you for all your knowledge. Thank you for contributing all your stuff So I look forward to many many many more videos and let's leave with some miss. Mr. Left Mr. Left, I got to listen to it one more time Just one more time Mr. Left, this is for you Your mom's asking why you're on TV. Mr. Left. It's dinner time There's a lemon on the table. Mr. Left. Let's go. Come on. Get your hands up All right, party people Just email me guys and I'll send you the diss track mr.


that's going to. I think that's going to close it out for ethereal. Are you guys ready to get into a segment that I'm going to call the fight and whiteies? Oh, God. Yeah, yeah. Hang on. Hang on. Hang on. Oh, hang on. Hang on. When's the next time I want to I'm salivating. I need it. Yes. Yes. You will be able to play ethereal again. I promise. But I want to go back to something that I thought of when J.Pai was talking about his friend that says they hate mobas, but will play ethereal. It's not only attracted people like that, that don't like mobas, but think ethereal looks intriguing. It's even attracted like developers that are like that, right? That there's there's a post that we'll talk about in a few weeks with you guys. I can't. I wish I could talk about it now. It's really the one thing I'm like so excited to talk about. It's ridiculous because it's showing that people in the gaming development space as a whole are looking at ethereal and saying, like, that's intriguing. I want to be a part of that. And there are updates coming that are just the beginning of those feelings that I'm really excited for, for ethereal, that it's not just players, it's also developers, that they're seeing ambitious things and going like, that looks cool. I want to be a part of that as a developer, not even just as a player. And I think that's that shows what the potential of ethereal is in terms of pulling people from other places. Yeah, it's exciting for sure. Oh, yeah. All right. I know that those of us who have been part of the community like have had like ups and downs, I think, with ethereal. But more recently, I think that things have really started to trend in like a higher upward trajectory. Things seem to just really I don't know what happened in the back end. Again, I'm not privy to any new information that you guys are. We don't jelly doesn't break NDA for us. OK, so he's he's pretty strict about what he can talk about and all that stuff. So but it's obvious, I think as a casual player or as a casual observer of this studio and the way the game is developing that something in the background has made a really strong positive change to focus the team in a direction that before I felt like wasn't there. Like things were very up and down. It seemed like it was one of an identity crisis to such a breadth of fresh air to feel like, you know, we have an identity. We're still kind of figuring out some of that identity, but we have a stronger, you know, GPS location that we're heading towards. But we're open to deviating off the path a little bit if it feels right, especially based off feedback from the community. So that's really, really exciting. All right. That's my last bit on ethereal gaming. Yes. All right. So let's move on to Jay Pie's bone to pick. With with with with us. Wait, but wait, if we are going to open this book, we're reading until the final chapter. We're going to open this can of worms.  I hear you. And do you know what? Then let me get it. Let me get my water. I'll be right back. I just made myself a drink in preparation. I wouldn't got a drink, too. OK, I'm going to just entertain the viewers. Hey, hi, everybody. How are you doing? Hope you're well. You're not. I let me go on. Keep going. I'll preface this. I am so ready for so many of these comments to be about things that I've said. All right. I'm sorry. Jelly, what did you say? I was I said, I am so ready for so many of these comments to be about things that I said. I'm so ready. I did about that. Like, OK, let's just let's just get into it. OK, so is Manga moderating? So you're going to like say, OK, Manga, you're going to tell us like to the moderator. Because yeah, this is show.   Don't interrupt. Let people make their point before you make your point. Cutting all like, especially jelly knees and Viking Jedi.  Why are you pointing to me?  And so if I don't make it now, I'm just going to I'm the only one that's going to get cut off. All right. All right. All right. But I just want to start this off. OK. And I want to double down. Oh, yeah. Watch the broadcast. Please support the broadcast because. This is a right now. It's a very special time for predecessor, ethereal, overprime, everyone. So let's support everybody. There's no reason why you cannot support everybody.  Like, I'll be honest. I feel like free to play is the way to go. I wish that there was like my I always advocated for two options, free to play in early access. And if you want to spend more money on cosmetics, that that route is available. I feel like both routes should be available. Mm hmm. And I I'm a good start for doing one stuff. This isn't very spicy. I thought we were going to fight. Oh, no, this is this is the preface. Like, I was preparing everybody. I do also want to make a small preface to that. And real quick, I want anything that's about to be said in the spiciness one, because some of it might be said just to be dramatic, at least speaking for myself. I also want to say that I don't have any personal qualms against J.Pie, maybe even jelly knees if I think he's wrong and or man goose, I guess. And and I definitely don't have any qualms against either of the studios that we might be arguing about because I actually like both of them very much. Are you at J.Pie because we're already at the J.Pie helping the controller players take down J.Pie after this moment. So here we go. I'm ready to fight now. Yeah, I'm disagreeing right now. You're going to take this personal. I'm it's super personal. You want to know why? Yeah, make you see. You have no business being as cool as you are.    Why are you so cool, man? I was raised right asking.    Oh, OK, you know what? We tip our fedora to you. That's OK. You defeated us. We can see. OK, on to the next point. On to the next point. OK, I want to fight. Listen, jelly knees man goose. Like he Jedi. Yes, you're you. Your episode was awesome. It was really awesome. Which episode is it all awesome? They are. They are all released. Oh, my God.  This is the most like this is the most contentious episode and I thoroughly enjoyed it. Which one was that? Please advertise it. I think it was 94. Yeah, 94 was the week after press release. Yeah, it lines up with my documents for the minions, 94 points. That that episode was awesome. And that's the kind of content any community is blessed to have because. Although you like listen, you guys levied some less than credible, credible. Complaints, but you also levied some absolutely spot on 100 percent on the money complaints. I want to just divide the two and it's simple. There's two sides. All the complaints where that that I consider less than creditable was just due to a lack of knowledge.  I'm going to go with the lowest hanging fruit. Jelly knees. Here we go. Mm hmm. You said about loot boxes was spectacular. Oh, shucks. Man, this guy's a star. I love a pie. He's the best. Because no, let me tell you jelly knees. I'm going to be an ally for you. If seven years from now, predecessor changes their free loop box to be something different.   Because your free loop box is a beautiful idea. And it is. I love it. I love it. The moment that you change that idea, it could be today. It could be tomorrow, a week from now, a month from now. It could be 30 years from now. Guess what? When you change that idea, I'm going to be bitching and moaning. Just I'm just giving you a heads up. Mm hmm. I thought we were going to fight so far. We're agreeing with you. OK, all right. Now we will fight. All right, I'll guard Viking Jedi. I'm going to. OK, because a lot of your complaints, specifically Viking Jedi, with all due respect, no lack of knowledge and understanding of predecessor fair. First point. Well, let's let's right now we're going to dip on. We're not going to dip our big toe into the pool before we jump in. We're dipping our pinky toe. OK, yeah. I don't know how to do that, but OK. And I don't. You know what? Never learn. Dive in and dive in, my friend. So that you complained about the jungle layout. Yes, I hate it. Yeah, but you know what? You also admitted that it was due to a lack of knowledge and understanding. And if you don't understand the jungle layout of predecessor, you're going to get you're getting pooped on. I run into walls and teamfights every five. I've I've used my flash into a wall. I've backed up into a wall. It's it's terrible.  I hate it. And you're right. It's it's it's whether you know about the ins and outs of it or not. And if you do, you're going to dunk on people who don't. And and and I, you know, I strongly advocate to for you to reconsider because once you learn those ins and outs, you're going to dunk on people. But there was general like I don't. Wolf puppy wolf, Wolfie. I'm sorry. What was Wolfie Wolfie? Yeah, Wolfie. Yeah. Some of the misconceptions I have on this list are his as well. He's not here to defend himself. Yeah, exactly. So I'm just going to just breeze through it. Lifesteal and omnivamp and misunderstandings. Wait, I want to talk about jungle then if we because that was one of your points. Right. So I still I played the game a lot more now than I did when I first talked about it. And I still hold to this. This is usually how I approach the games because I'm not nearly as a diehard Paragon player as man goose and jelly knees. Like I didn't play nearly as much as those guys did. And they they also dive into the deep ends of the pool a lot more as far as like gaining game knowledge and items and all that stuff than I do. I usually play things a lot more casually, even though I'd like to try and then dive in as a casual player into the competitive pool. That's my own fault a lot of times. So when I when I make my statements and I still hold to them about jungle and predecessor is it's confusing.  And vision is fucked. There's there's no there's I don't know. So the map into itself is can become a asset, I think to the players who spend a lot of time in there. But as a casual new player, that map right now as it sits is is dog shit, in my opinion. It's confusing and it doesn't it doesn't flow very well. I can only imagine as jungle mains, you guys having to sit there and figure out the complexities of how to farm up each of your camps, whether or not you go into and invade because the map is so huge and you can get cut off from so many different angles. So you have to figure out how you're going to get out and get in.  So as a casual player, that's so intimidating that I would not even want to go into the jungle at all.  Anyway, that's OK. Jellies has the next say. I just will I'm going to pass it off to him and I say, let me tell you like he Jedi my two brain cells, they work over time. Mm hmm. I don't doubt it. I don't. I would say I don't disagree nor agree fully one direction or the other about the jungle. I think the jungle in 90 percent of games like this is going to be complicated, right? Because there's no easy way to see paths and where they connect to from a third person perspective in top down in League of Legends. There's a lot easier way to see like, OK, this one goes up to the left. This one goes down to the right. Right in third person MOBAs that doesn't exist other than from a mini map perspective. And I'm taking the mini map even out of this equation. There is a certain amount that you are hoping as a map designer that your jungle is intuitive. That when I think I'm trying to go to the mid lane, right, I can intuitively, at least for the most part, find a path to get me there. And I think that no game does this 100 percent successfully. I think predecessors, while the jungle is definitely the pathing is definitely something you can learn and understand better. I would think the intuition is among some of the lowest of casual play of just being able to kind of infer where you're trying to go other than just general direction. But going to the mid lane, I could end up behind the T1 easily in predecessor without any problem. I will say I'm going to throw in my own two sentences, something I've complained about with predecessor since their their first beta is one red side jungle. It's it very much leads you to believe that there is an exit and it's only an exit if you have verticality. Yes, I am completely fine with having an exit that you can only use if you have a vertical a vertical base character like Calari or if you're using like Galaxy Greaves. But don't make it look so much like I could go out there. That's that's my only problem with their jungle, really. J.Py is trying to throw the vote. No, you guys, this cast, the best damn cast around. I'm just because I joined, right? Is because I joined right as the third member. It's everybody. You guys are all J.Py is just the best, you know, really smart guy. He's very smart. Great opinions, you know, absolutely great. When I say differently in 30 seconds, remember this moment. So hold on. I actually go back to this before we before we pick a fight on the next one because I this is this is another thing I do want to say. I think that the predecessor does a very, very good job. And this includes the map of rewarding people who put time and effort into the game. So if you are a skilled ceiling type of guy, you like to be the guy who if you have more smarts, more game knowledge than the other guy, you were you want to be able to win more times than not predecessor nails that. And I and I think that there should be a space for that. But when when the way the game currently operates, there's no way to ease even people who are hardcore die hard fans of that style of play. There's no way to ease them into it in a way that gets them bought into that and learn how to manipulate the map in a very good way. Because like even their training mode is it's a whole separate map. So you don't even get the benefits of learning like you can't jump into a game and learn how to walk around and do your own pass. Like so the custom games right now don't allow you as this individual player to run around and try out different jungle paths and see what works for you. You know what I mean? And so from from again from a new player or a person who just bought early access or happened to be on Reddit and win one of the free ones that you know, the guys are given out on Reddit sometimes.  Like there's no learning curve. There's no like I'm new guys, like I'm trying to learn how to do the jungle.  OK, enjoy your life. Yeah. Go for it. Go for it. Am I am I allowed? Yeah, go for it. Please, you do your very much alone. OK, I because I don't pull up the two hands every every topic. You're so. Yeah, Viking Jedi. Yes, I want to build upon what you said. And I'm going to share an experience with you that I learned in Paragon, right? I was a jungler. Normal, early, clear. I ganked the dual lane. We got a double kill. Mm hmm. I ganked middle lane. We got a kill. We're up three zero. So leaner.  He didn't visit my lane.   As the solo lane player, I agree. Yeah, dude, why aren't you in my lane helping me? But, dude, no, I go as a jungler.  On the floor, dirty. It got dirty, dude, the dust in the fedora. And I'm like, I'm having the best game of my life.  At that point, I realized as a jungler, you make you make your own story. You know what? You can't you can't win all lanes and not everyone's going to be happy. No, that's true. Yeah, I think my point still stands, though, right? Like if you are a brand new jungler, even if you're, you know, you've got more than three brain cells to rub together, right? You're fairly, you know, higher than average mobile player, right? Coming, you know, but coming into predecessor and in trying to be a jungler. And then we're not also this chat because I see you guys talking about overprime. This isn't a comparison about overprime doing it better or worse. He's making points that we made about predecessor. So we're talking strictly about predecessor here in in the way that predecessor operates, especially to me from the jungle and the map is mostly jungle, right?  They go, they're tiny. The jungle makes up everything else. And to me, the jungle is the biggest aspect of what wins games in predecessor.    That would be bloodhunter. Just give the 20 memberships. I'm much appreciated. No, no, no, no. Don't talk about bloodhunter. Don't he's too.  I'm like, OK, last hit these minions. Last hit them perfectly.   And I'm like, I respect it. You do you. And I love to see the minions, guys. But. But. So do you do we're supposed to be fighting? So do you agree with my take or you don't take? Because so far I feel like I'm winning. OK, to I know because I I'm very. You're going to tell you're going to tell the new player. Hey, bro, just keep playing and get better.  There's nothing on the devs that need to come up with a better way for them to improve their jungle. Experienced as far as predecessor is concerned. Yeah.    And once we have ranked play in a ranked Q and in a consolidated, confined, competitive environment, that's going to be a different story. But but with as far as predecessor is concerned, you a lot of the time you and I've seen it before my very eyes. You have people on comms stomping people that are not on comms. Congratulations. Pat yourself on the back. You basically achieved the lowest hanging fruit in Movis. Wait, wait until there's a right mode where everybody is on level footing. There they are all going into the game with the same expectations.  But that doesn't exist in the current game. And so the jungle still stands as a place of pain. And that doesn't mean that you just are more casual players. Because no, hang on. No, no, no, no, no. I was not done talking. No, it's your your your stage jellynees. OK, I want to interject here. J. Pie also was not done talking.  Can we get a tip of the Jay Park stop when viking started? So that's though, Viking's point areas, which I need to find these points about no, it's your call. Let Jay Park finish talking. No, no, but he was talking when you when you started talking. Yeah, Viking interrupted. I didn't he stopped talking. I picked up the baton where Viking left it off. So that's not my problem. OK, let's let Jay Pie finish what he was saying. And then jelly, you can be up next. OK, jelly, I'll just say bias. I'm a junk. You might be right. You might be wrong. I don't know. I'm a guest.  I don't think there is a right or wrong. I think we just have to get out of the man talk. So I don't want him to think, though, that I think that he's wrong, because I don't think you're wrong. I just think we have two different viewpoints. And I do, Jedi, I there's no person on this planet that would appreciate it more than me. I love differences of a medium. And so I'll say this as a jungler, right? I will with my story. What I tried to illustrate was that I as a jungler, I had the perfect game. The first five minutes of my time where where I flipped the coin. 50 50. I won 50 50. I won. Basically, I like my investment. I got 800 times worth.    Now, Mangoose has gone and I get to speak. Oh, way past where the point where I was going. I thought I brought it back. This whole problem. OK. That you're coming at this from two completely different sides. J. Pi is saying that on a competitive, like high level aspect, once everyone learns the game, the jungle will have certain determinations. But Viking is saying from a casual perspective on a brand new player, the jungle has certain expectations. This is why I said I neither agree or disagree fully 100 percent that they from an intuition perspective, their jungle is not intuitive. That doesn't mean you can't learn it. That doesn't mean when you get to a ranked competitive play that you're not going to have people that know the jungle. Right. It's not it's not so unintuitive that you're going to be still unsure of where to go. Fifty games in, right? But when you're playing their first game, your 10 first 10 games where you're running around that jungle, you're not also going to have a clear determination as to where you are supposed to or not supposed to go to accomplish certain objectives. Right. You're both coming at this from two different sides. And I agree with both of you because they are very different parts of this. Part assessor cannot just ignore and say that when people figure it out, they figure it out because that will completely alienate their casual cue. But at the same time, they can't dumb it down so much that the highest and I'm not saying you're trying to say that they should, Viking, but just in general, right, they shouldn't dumb it down so much that the highest competitive form of play is now capped because they've made it so easy to pick up and so easy to do all of these things. They have to find just like everything, they have to find a middle ground. I think which is hard jungle is unintuitive to brand new players, but can be learned throughout playing the game. So my argument is that I think that they need to improve the way that in which new players or new junglers can learn the things that make the jungle interesting and exciting for high levels of play once. But right now, they don't have access to that. So the only way that they can do it is by going into quick play where they have to be subjected to nine other players and how that experience plus just the newness of playing the game as a whole. And so I think that's where the crux of my argument against the map and the way that it's currently laid out. And this is also easily connected to the lack of vision and access to the solo lanes. And there's just so much more in this map. That is that takes to get used to that you're not even getting into the point of like learning the different like jungle, you know, strengths and weaknesses, the buffs, the, you know, all the different champions, the skill shots and all this. There's so many things and in the complexity of the map, I think exasperates the overwhelmingness of it all, especially again, coming from a casual new player, which to me is who I genuinely am advocating for on our show. Go for it, J5, your turn, sir.   Your camera's name is Gerard. No, that's my cameraman. He's a. I'm sorry. I've got Gerard Butler in his room with a new one. Fair enough.  I'm just going to say and I and he wanted to be the cameraman. Mm hmm. I feel you anyway. Yeah. So as a jungler, let's let's get down to the nitty gritty. My story was I was simply trying to advertise that as a jungler, you could have the perfect jungler game. Imagine just having the optimal results. For the first seventy five percent of the game in your first maybe four minutes, right? That's you. Basically, that's the equivalent of striking like a goldmine. Poof. Gold just blinds you.   What are you supposed to feel? What are you supposed to understand as a jungler? Jelly knees, we're going to we're going to get to you in just one moment. Mm hmm.  Oh, but solo laner is the beginner role according to predecessor. So support according to predecessor. So yeah, like listen, don't ignore all of that. You're you're going to experience in your games that the game is far more complex. And listen, that those UI differences and explanations. Omida Studios, they're catching up, but the game is far more complex than than that. And I wish it was that simple, but but that's the reality. And I like I have amazing games.  And just don't play jungle jungle or solo lane. If you cannot shred off people, shitting on you, it's going to happen all the time.  I'm talking more about the the the the the the annoyances of the map in general. What jelly speak jelly speak? Oh, I get double handed. The hell does your game being good or bad in terms of a jungler? Like you're having a good a game versus a bad game have to do with map layout. No, I do this was completely about map layout. And you're saying that your games can go 50 50 that has nothing to do with map layout.  We're not on comms. You know, you want to know what what I do on my stream personally. I don't go on comms with people.  What does you going 23 and four have to do with map layout? Because the map is not that complex. It's not that difficult and and but but let me tell you, OK, Omida Studios, you have to do a better job teaching people about this. Now, where I take it personally as a content creator, I am trying to create videos to educate people and the overall community to understand the the the basics.  Can we get a moderator intervention here? Because this is so not what the topic was on. I'll get a moderator vision because like he has both hands up. Let me know because I have my complaints. We'll let Viking talk and then I'm going to say something and then we're going to. OK, Viking, go ahead. So I guess man, this is there's so much to unpack now. Pack it all. OK, so I think that the thing that you kind of touched on the last there is that you as a content creator are coming up with ways to solve the exact problem that I'm talking about. So you're I almost feel like you're starting to argue for my my complaint, which is that the map is confusing the jungle role. Hold on. I had my hands up.  And so if you as a content creator like, hey, this is something I can create content around. That's because a problem exists. So you are trying to create a solution to the problem that exists by educating those exact players who are struggling to understand exactly what they need to do. I'm just. All right. Now I'm going to say my piece. Yeah, I would absolutely love to continue this conversation, but I feel J. Pi is enumerated to the point that I'm usually enumerated at the end of a fault partner panel. I'm ready. Every argument. You know what we can do? What's your I would like to do? Complaint. Well, I would like to do a separate video. Oh, wherever. Let's let's work. I have a proposition. Because Viking a dude. Yeah, that energy. Oh, I will. I love it. I love you. Mangus. I only love Kim, but I have a sincere affection for you. Oh, fair enough. Okay. I got you. Sorry. No, that's okay. I'll take what I could get. I'm easy. Magnus. What's up? Listen. Whatever you want to do, man. You want to because this episode has gone on longer. It's a big boy. It's a large episode. Yeah. Let's send it here and do people are sticking out though. Dude, we've had I think almost 60 concurrent viewers for the vast majority of this.  Oh, sugar mama. Okay. You guys let me know. I definitely want to address your points, but I would like to do a separate video for that. Yeah. Complaints. Yes. That would be good. Let's schedule that. Okay. Let's schedule that for a different time where everybody's performance. The only thing that I want is I have one condition. Jelly knees approves. What? That's fine. Whatever. Yeah. Jelly knees does approve. Okay. We're good. You don't want my approval. Jesus Christ. I hoped you were on the board to begin with. Oh, okay. Fair enough. Fair enough. Real quick, though, not necessarily related to you guys, but I've seen lots of comments and I'll say specifically targeted to me saying that I am hypocritical about certain things and all of that. And when I ask you about what, I get no response. If you have comments like this, like J Pi is bringing to us. I wonder where people believe that something is incorrect wrong, whatever, and you want it to change so you don't have to bitch about it going forward. Actually tell us what it is. Don't just leave generic comments. And then when we ask, do nothing about it. But do leave comments. Yes, J Pi. Go ahead. Okay. Jelly knees.  Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. 100%. And jelly knees, one of my complaints that we didn't get into was just you guys have performed very well in predecessor.  So again, we, we, we did not, I have a, I have a document here. I didn't touch it. If you guys that I wanted to go through it all.  I, I, so I'm going to. Right, man. Goose. That's okay. That's true. It's not. We're not seeing it through to the end, but you're not even talking about the topic. I'm flexible. I'm flexible. That's true, J Pi. I'm doing this for you, my friend. I love you so much. I want you at your best when we dig into this worms right now. I feel that you're at my best, which is, which is not good. Listen, there's no better. Listen, you will get a hundred percent every single time. So today, tomorrow, two weeks from now, I'm ready. Whenever you guys want to invite. All right. That's what we're going to do. We're going to schedule an episode specifically with J Pi's complaints. We're going to address them. We're going to go through his document and we're going to have a good time with it. We agreed to two hours ago, but, but.  I can see. On the pan of worms to go through it. Yeah, I agree. So all right. So let's start wrapping things up.  They're not stupid, by the way. Those are awesome. Yeah.   So we're not going to show it to anybody. Anyway, so let's start closing things out here. We are going to do a follow up episode with J Pi where we talk about some of the stuff that he has a little bit of a bone to pick with the FDM cast. And yeah, I think this is a great example of how you can disagree with someone and still be cool with it. Like a hundred percent. You can like one game or the other game and still be friends. It's it's not a big deal, guys.   It's not life. So let's let's let's let's start wrapping it up. J Pi, you got anything to plug any any final comments you want to make? Guys, the game that you find the most fun, the one that you believe in the most, support that game because the reality is this. Over now, I I've been very clear since the very beginning of the stream. I have some lifestyle constraints where I had to make an executive decision and choose between the time that I could spend between predecessor and overprime. And I chose predecessor. And just because I chose predecessor, it doesn't mean that that I feel that overprime cannot win.  So what I want everyone here watching this YouTube live stream more than anything, because those are the most committed and dedicated viewers. I am right. Absolutely. Absolutely. Fucking. But but to everybody watching this on the YouTube replay, just support the game that you believe in the most, the one that you have the most fun with, the one that you believe in, support it. However you see fit. Where can they find you, J.Pie? Where can they find your content? I have his YouTube and his Twitch linked in the description below. If you guys want to check out J.Pie. Oh, perfect. I appreciate that. I'm not. I. I appreciate you guys. And make sure you're out. All I'll say is, like Mango said, we can disagree amicably with respect and civility. 100%. And I hope that we continue what happened here tonight. Thank you for tuning in and watching. This has been my second or third visit on for the minions. I think it's my second, honestly, but my favorite broadcast, especially live of any one that I have participated in. And Viking Jedi. Yeah.  It's style of danger. Man. You step into the ring because we're going to wrestle. Viking Jedi. Any final words? Anything you want to plug? Oh boy, man. This is this has been one of the the longer videos. I appreciate everybody who's stuck it out. Thank you guys for being active in the chat, man. It really means a lot to us.  So and you guys could be anywhere and you have decided to spend it here with us. So thank you so much for doing that. And that same theme I have been streaming a lot on my YouTube channel. I've been having a lot of fun playing both of these games as well as some other games outside of the 3D MOBA space and a lot of you guys have come and shown some love over there. If you want to come and see some scuff Viking play, yell at me about controllers. Tell me that I don't know what I'm doing in the games. I would love to hang out with you. Subscribe to my YouTube channel. You can follow me on Twitter. And yeah, and that's that's my plug. Thank you guys so much. I really, really appreciate it. You guys have been great. Jelenees. YouTube and Twitch. I hope to stream more both of these games, especially as like the updates come through. I think that's going to be really exciting to see them both grow from where they're at right now going forward. But yeah, that's about it. What about you, Magus? I got nothing. Thank you so much for everybody that's stuck with it. This was an incredibly long episode, but it was a really fun one, I think. One of the better episodes we've ever had on FTM. And that includes the old FTMs and the new FTMs. So if you're still there in the chat, let's get some Maggie's up in the chat. I know we had a lot of gifted subs out there.  But if you're watching this as the video, much appreciated for you sticking it out this long. And hopefully I'll do a pretty decent job of putting some timestamps out there. But for now, this is the For the Minions crew signing off. You guys have a good one.


It's Beachy Head Marathon and we love it. We're at around 5k in heading down the hill now. We're half miles in. Absolutely throwing it down. Okay, we're at halfway. Definitely a bit muddy through here. Cups of tea, bananas, biscuits. That is the Cook Near Valley. So another water station there. Thank you, thank you. Just hit 20 miles, three hours, 35 minutes. We're 36km in. 4 hours and 7 minutes. Nice bar. 2km to go. There's the Beachy Head Hotel. 41km done. Appreciate it. Right there we are. Beachy Head Marathon done. That was hard work this year.