Alright, let's resume. Let me first start out by repeating the announcement that I made to break that we're going to flip the order of the concepts being presented. We'll start with the annual concept concept, and then move to the Diverse Genome Research Centers. Now I'll remind Council that before NHGRI can publish a funding announcement that has a set aside of funds associated with it. You have to seek concept clearance or approval in a public meeting, and we always use our Council meetings so that the Council members are aware of all the funding opportunity announcements being issued by NHGRI. So we'll start with the analysis visualization and informatics lab space annual renewal. It's actually got two parts to it. The first will be a presentation from Chris Wellington on the renewal of the annual resource.  So Chris, do you want to show your slides, please? Yes, thank you. Can you see them already? Of course I can. Go ahead. Okay. Well, thank you, Rudy. So today, as Rudy just said, Ken Wiley and I will be presenting on the renewal plans for the NHGRI genomic data science analysis visualization and informatics lab space, or ANVIL. The ANVIL is NHGRI's cloud based genomic data sharing and analysis. It seeks to use cloud computing, democratize access, high performance compute resources, and improve security. It's focused on genomics as a broad view of genomic data to include primary sequence data, variant level data, functional data, genotypic data, and analysis products. It supports flexible and secure data sharing. Data can be completely private, shared within a consortium, or shared globally. No shared data could be open access or controlled access mediated by NIH data access. And finally, the ANVIL is an analysis platform, not only a place for downloading data. The ANVIL was funded through two awards, one to the Broad Institute and one to Johns Hopkins University, starting in 2018 and running into 2023. To evaluate the progress and gather input on a potential renewal, NHGRI held a workshop on the future directions of the ANVIL in October of 2021. The outcomes of that workshop are presented during our last council meeting this past February. And also further discussed the genomic data science working group of council. And now here we are in May, bringing to you a concept clearance. As I said, this concept clearance has two components, each of its own RFA. First to be a limited competition RFA to support and improve the existing infrastructure. I will be talking about this today in three parts. First, where ANVIL is today. Second, where we see ANVIL going in the future. And third, why we think the limited competition RFA is the way to get there. And then Ken Wiley will be presenting on the second element of this concept, open competition RFA to add clinical components to mean. Taken together we think that these two RFAs will allow us to build on the successes of ANVIL and better serve our user communities.  I'd encourage anyone interested to check out the ANVIL themselves for more information. So data sharing is a key goal for ANVIL. To date, the ANVIL has ingested more than four petabytes of data. Over 600,000 research subjects plus more than 20 research networks. This graph shows ANVIL's data ingestion over time by research network. You can see the link at the bottom of the interactive version, but I still want to call out a couple of these. You can see the first major data set, high coverage 1000 genomes. See the centers for common disease genomics. Tissue expression project. Electronic medical records and genomics are merged. And the telomertid telomer group that Eric mentioned earlier this morning. More NHGRI research networks are currently being on board or particularly excited to bring in more functional and other data types and programs such as the impact of genomic variation on function or IGVF. And the genomics research to elucidate the genetics of rare diseases. At current pricing, storing the data shown here on the cloud could cost about a million dollars a year. So you can see the importance of enabling researchers to access those data without copying. And accessing the data is a great start, but we really care about what people can do with those data. And this is where annuals analysis plan secure, federated data analysis ecosystem comes into play. This image is from the same paper I cited earlier and chose a subset, the major tool environments available on info. You can see tarot, stock store, bio conductor, galaxy, Jupiter and gen three with API's and the global alliance for genomics health and the fast health interoperability resources. All of this is within a FedRAMP certified environment. This all gives tremendous capabilities to the envelope, but you can also imagine it being overwhelmed for users. And that's where outreach and user engagement takes center stage. The angle has been hosting and participating many events. Some for specific NHGRI programs, like the magic jamboree with the genome sequencing program. Some have been for groups such as the GDSCN and Howard University's fads. And others have been broader, such as workshops at ASHG. The build cloud credits program has also provided credits for users and build relationships between those users and the end will developers to understand your specific needs. I hope I've shown you very briefly, some of why we think annuals been successful. Now I want to turn to where we want to see and go go in the future. This is one of the key themes that workshop mentioned earlier, we want to see and build increase its presence is a multifunctional discovery platform. This means continue and bill is doing today things like ingesting data, providing an analysis platform and doing outreach. But it also means taking on new responsibilities. Number four, we want to emphasize increasing the availability of tools, improving interoperability, other NIH cloud resources, addressing barriers to cloud computing and supporting the clinical research community. I'll be discussing these first three under this RFA. Well, Ken Wiley will discuss the final under the clinical art. These first three are quite ambitious and I'll start with the first increasing the availability of tools. First of all, why would we even call out tools and just show that angle has already more than 10,000 available to those various component problems. The short answer is that genomics is a data intensive science dependent on having the appropriate tools, data processing and analysis. All the idea of an app stores a great starting point. Our tool ecosystem needs even more than that. We need a workflow ecosystem makes it easy for users to leverage current best practices. We need to make it easy for users to harmonize integrate their data, those data sets already on in. We also recognize that existing tools only get you so far. Users need to be able to bring the wrong tools out compromise security. We also need you might call tools about tools that can do things like estimate the cost for any given analysis. And finally, we need improved search capabilities for data tools workflows and analysis.  There are many cloud platforms in NIH and science should not stop the boundaries. We need to be a member of the NIH cloud platforms interoperability and CPI key aims of which include enabling cross platform single sign up commonly known as authentication authorization. Enabling cross platform data discovery and enabling cross platform exchange data sets tools and workloads. We need to make progress toward these aims, specifically through researcher off service, implementation of GA4GH data repository service identifiers and the use of fast health interoperability resource API. Well, the coming phases to turn these efforts into fully functional features and users. We look forward to a user being able to log in once find data across multiple platforms and jointly analyze those data, all while respecting data use limitations, not compromising security. This level of interoperability is challenging. But we think it's critical to realizing the benefits of computing. It's important because we recognize that there are barriers. Another focus of this next phase of angle to continue to address. We hear from Ken later about barriers specific to the clinical space. So here I'll talk more broadly. The cost barriers are many. There's absolute cost, the unpredictability of the cost and then the billing itself. For students to recognize that any model requires pulling out a personal credit card is a huge part. The ability to access is challenging on and off. On and build the richness of the data and the tools available make any challenges access and particularly frustrating user experience platforms including and will still work in progress. Better support for curriculum development is critical for training the next generation users. We finally do want to empower and expand opportunities for human data science limited resource institutions. Dressing each of these barriers will require a combination of technologies policies and training. Just as pick the first for example cost barriers. This might be technologies to prevent runaway charges policies like who's responsible for what costs and training for managing spending. We're working to address all these barriers already, but we think that by further focusing on these in the next phase we can make the platform even worse. Talk about where and bill has been where we want to see it go but why do we think the limited competition RFA is the way to get us. Continuing to support the input through the road and Hopkins allows NHGRI to continue leveraging our investments in those current teams, platforms, tools, services documentation and processes. It's taken four years of hard work to get us to where we are today. It's not just about those past investments. We also recognize that changing the teams now because of significant disruptions for our users. At the same time, though, things have changed over the past four years and so by releasing this as an RFA, NHGRI has the opportunity to add new requirements. These could be scientific and they could also be more about how the program is managed, about how we achieve transparency with the community and how the community shapes the priorities and directions. And finally, the RFA process allows us to incorporate input with your review. We recognize that limited competition RFA's are unusual for us. In this case, we think that the cost of changing the teams is so high that we really don't see being given that we think it's best to be open and up front with the applicant community by making this the lead competition. I want concern and going with the existing teams whether be a limited or open competition. So we're locking ourselves into a single pop. And this is where we plan to take advantage the ability to specify new requirements in the RFA to ensure that annuals position to take advantage of multiple compute platforms. So in short, given the successes of Anvil we're excited to keep moving forward and think that a limited competition RFA is both the best and the most transparent way. Through this RFA we plan to support two cooperative agreement, the 24 awards, five years. The applicants will be limited to the current Anvil awardees. We plan to commit six and a half million dollars per year until the cost is flat with the current cost. With that, thank you for your time. We'll turn this over to Ken and talk about our plans for the clinical side of it. Thank you, Chris. Can people hear me? Yes. So let me share my screen. Okay. And so are you seeing my title slide. You're good. Thank you. Thank you, Rudy. So yes, I'll be presenting the Anvil clinical resource presentation that's part of the annual renewal concept. And so as Chris mentioned, the, we want to leverage the existing ecosystem that we've invested in in terms of providing the next step for Anvil. And so one of the things we wanted to look at is how could this resource serve the clinical resource community. So our process in trying to understand how Anvil could provide the support to the clinical resource community actually began with the Genome Medicine 13 meeting, which was titled developing clinical genomics informatics research agenda, which occurred in February of 2021. And in addition to the future directions workshop that occurred last year, allowed us to be able to identify what Anvil could do to possibly support the clinical resource community. And this was provided by the external communities and participants that attended these meetings. These include the ability to incorporate tools for the genomic based clinical research into Anvil. We want to add investigators with clinical research priorities in the development of Anvil's infrastructure and services. We also want to encourage investigators to identify use cases for clinical research and analysis, while also establishing trust relationships with clinical sites and hospitals so that they would provide their research analysis needs, and also provide support to NHGRI funded programs and their ability to use Anvil also for the genomic based research needs. When we think about the approaches and requirements and process that we want to take to address the our interest in having Anvil support the clinical genomics research community. We want to have a comprehensive approach, instead of a piecemeal approach for this. We want to, in order to do this we realized that, though the current Anvil team is, is capable. We also maintain and provide the resources for, for Anvil and the research community. We really felt it would be useful to have a group that's just focus on the clinic that on the providing the clinical research expertise to Anvil. We're looking for groups that had primarily that the expertise to do clinical genomic based clinical research to be added into the existing Anvil team. In order to do this we felt that an open competition would be beneficial in order to address the approaches and requirements that we're looking for, in order to have Anvil serve the genomic based clinical research community. So the ACR goal is to actually leverage the existing Anvil ecosystem to provide a suite of interoperable clinical components to assist users in the transition to a collaborative all digital environment to foster genomic based clinical research. So the clinical components actually include the point in implementing clinical software tools and workflows, also developing innovative methods for store and generating is returning clinical results, provide outreach and education as tailored to the clinical genomics research community, while also providing building on the current Anvil data access and security, but to help foster clinical clinical genome based clinical research. When discussing developing and implementing clinical research and tools, we want the ACR team because it's really focused on the team here to be able to adopt and integrate software and tools that are more commonly used for users to visualize and analyze heterogeneous data sets. So this isn't just genomics, it's also imaging data, social terms to help data, to develop predictive modeling and burn interpretation capabilities as part of their analysis. We also want the existing ACR team to work with the ACR team to work with existing Anvil team to identify also with the tools and workflows and software that already enable. I understand how those existing tools and workflows and software packages could actually be used to serve genomic based research community. In addition, we want the ACR itself to also provide a foundation for users to develop and develop and provide and do research to use digital health applications that can monitor and manage genomic based health conditions and we want to I want to make this clear. We're expecting the ACR team on the ACR to develop those health applications, but better yet we want them to create an ecosystem within the Anvil current ecosystem to be able to provide a ability for the researchers to develop their own health applications that will actually leverage the data system we have will also bring in additional data sets for those purposes. We understand the health applications are going to play an important role in empowering patients to manage their health, and we feel like the Anvil will be an ideal place for people to, for institutions and research institutions that have a place where they can actually develop those tools and resources. And so we want the ACR to be able to provide that ecosystem or foundation for that ecosystem for those activities to occur. In addition, we want the ACR team to when we look at outreach and education is tailored for the clinical genomics research community. We want the ACR team to leverage the existing Anvil outreach and educational resources to enable the genomic research communities to be able to utilize and analyze genomic based clinical genomics data. These efforts should include, but they're not limited to conducting focus group sessions, developing use cases, providing individualized education sessions that can serve the clinical genomic based clinical research community, while also soliciting and addressing users' feedback about Anvil interfaces, data sets, and general operations. So again, we want the ACR team to actually leverage the existing Anvil outreach and educational resources to help foster those capabilities. When looking at developing innovative methods for storing, generating, and returning clinical results, we want the ACR to provide a foundation again for users to develop innovative methods for conducting analysis and disseminating the clinical reports for research and for researchers. In addition, we want the ACR team to work with the Anvil team to develop an implement policy that will leverage Health Level 7's fast health care and availability resources, as well as global alliance for genomics and health standards and application program interfaces in order to better understand how these standards and APIs can be used to enable for genomic based clinical research. We want the ACR team also to work with users to identify how Anvil can serve their needs in conducting genomic based clinical research. Under data access and security, we want the ACR to be able to, well, the ACR is actually expected to adhere to the existing data access and security firms Anvil, but we also want them to take a step further. We also want the ACR team to actually work with the existing Anvil team to be able to understand how Anvil can address the security needs of clinical research sites in order to, for example, in making Anvil a HIPAA compliant resource. So Anvil is a HIPAA compatible resource now, what's really missing is really the necessary understanding of the agreements that may be put in place for research sites in order to foster the ability to have Anvil support HIPAA data sets. And so we want the ACR team to be able to help provide that level of expertise and to help make Anvil a HIPAA compliant resource. So there's a lot of expectations on the ACR and therefore it means that there's a lot, the ACR team itself has to be diverse in their capabilities. And so when we look at what kind of capabilities that we're looking for as far as expertise for the ACR team, we clearly want the ACR team to have clinical informatics experience. In addition, they need to also have experience and using cloud platforms. We also have to be able to have experience to understand how to leverage and combine diverse data sets to conduct genomic-based clinical research analysis. Well, also they need to have the expertise to build trust relationships with clinical research sites and hospitals in order to assist their efforts in developing use cases for use in ACR for the genomic-based clinical research needs. So we look at the budget summary for the entire Anvil renewal. We're seeing that there's going to be a total of three cooperative agreements, but all of them will be U24 awards. Each of them will be for five years starting FY23 to FY2027. For the Anvil renewal one, we're expecting two awards that are limited to the Anvil primary awardees. Well, the ACR will be one award that excludes the Anvil primary awardees, but will be open to those that are part of the subcontracts. The ACR budget is for $1.5 million per year for five years, and as you can see here, this is on top of the $6.5 million per year for the Anvil renewal. At the end of this, what we're hoping that we'll have will help we anticipate having is really a more comprehensive ecosystem that have for both clinical research, basic research, and education outreach within the Anvil ecosystem. As shown here, you will see Anvil being able to have a test environment for developing genomic-based health applications, be able to combine herogeneous data sets for genomic-based clinical research analysis. You'll see tools that were already existing that will be actually be modified and used to help foster genomic-based clinical research. You'll see an ability to generate reports within Anvil to make them accessible for users to access, and also a HIPAA compliant resource, while also understanding how we can leverage FHIR and GA4GH standards and APIs. So our discussions for the Anvil renewal are Dr. Coulomb, Dr. Rich, and Dr. Troyes-Sacallia. Thank you, Ken. I would like to try to have discussions of the two separate RFAs here. Let's see if we can do that for a little clarity purpose. So do we want to start out with the renewal? So, Iftikar, if you have questions or comments related to the renewal RFA, please bring them up. Yeah, thanks to Chris and Ken for the presentation. I think this is really an important initiative from the EnergyRI. It builds on the previous cycle which started in 2018. This concept sheet is the result of due diligence based on review of the previous output from the Anvil awardees and then the conduct of a review in the fall, which was attended by different diverse experts who provided SWOT analysis and some feedback, and subsequent discussions as were outlined by Chris and that have led to this concept sheet. So I'm supportive of this. This is really an important area. The issue of limited competition was mentioned by Chris. I think that overall the direction is right one. I see this as a particularly powerful force in three areas. One is a reduction of disparities in genomic medicine. I think if Anvil is able to collate disparate data sets from different sources, it will really be a huge step towards reducing disparities. As you know, we have, for example, for GWAS, it's an overwhelmingly Eurocentric collection of cohorts. But there are these different diverse cohorts that are scattered, and they're new ones that are being built. So if it was kind of a repository of those diverse data sets that would really tremendously accelerate the exchange into susceptibility variants with different groups and help reduction of disparities. I think in particular, it would be great to see that there is a conduit between all of us and Anvil in terms of data exchange. It would be sad not to see that both are NIH supported, but both have separate clouds and to that extent the interoperability is critical because NHLBI has data sets that would be very useful for genomic researchers. So I think that's a critical aspect that has to be emphasized. Anvil is a diversity. Anvil can help kind of democratize genomic access so that it's now resident in just the citadels of academia. And I think it would be really nice to engage with the diversity educational R25s and other efforts that were discussed at the last council meeting. Even geographically there are these data science deserts as I would call them that don't have access to computational resources. So I think that is something that Anvil can certainly help promote both ease of access and data diversity. So I guess in terms of the limited competition, we would need to stimulate the existing sites to be as innovative as possible to build on what they've done and incorporate many of these novel innovations or elements going forward looking into the future. So I'll stop there for the limited competition and then I think we can go to the discussion later for the ACRs. Okay, Olga would you like to go next. Sure. Thank you for the presentation. That was great. I think it's clearly a very important effort I completely agree with everything if the car said, I do also think that the interoperability is going to be really critical and clearly you guys get this. It makes sense to do the do the competition for the renewal restricted to the teams that have been very successfully driving this tool forward but of course, that also means that it's really critical to have a very strong advisory structure and really ensure that this goes full speed forward and is proceeding in accordance to these plans. The institutions are obviously excellent and have a very strong track record so there's no concerns but it is also sort of part of that process that I think is going to be really critical. I think the being able to bring this in so that it's not just interoperability within the tools that NHGRI itself can you know focuses on but exactly as if the car said like really trying to think of it as broad as possible within practical reasons I think would be really nice and indeed really bringing in the broadest definition of data sets would be great, especially now that it's going to start moving towards that, you know, clinical aspects of things and I won't talk about that more since we're going to talk about that separately. Okay, thank you, Steve, Rich. Well, thanks so much. And, you know, I'll follow up on the points that if Qatar and Obama made and you know I think that I guess in terms of the limited competition, obviously there's that negative perception that might be out in the community and and as I think one way of dealing with that is to make certain number one that that the, there is no complacency of the applicants that they're, you know, under the grip from NHGRI, but also make certain that whatever peer review input of their application occurs, you know, they take that seriously and NHGRI takes that seriously. And just reflecting on the workshop that was held in the past year, which was outstanding from a standpoint of having different experts coming in and discussing all the issues related to anvil. And how it can be prepared for the next generation. I think, you know, holding another workshop with the, with the recipients of the, of the limited competition in the first year would probably make sense, just to make certain that, you know, they provide everyone with, you know, what was what happened during peer review. What were the comments and then get input from all the other, you know, right folks who think about these a lot, and that way they can avoid that maybe the technical lock in that happens sometimes and make sure that, you know, they're not too restrictive of how anvil is going to evolve. So otherwise, you know, I think this is, you know, obviously something that's important to NHGRI and important to the community. And so I'll stop there. Okay, let's open this up for broad discussion. Gail, go ahead. So it's obviously very important to the community. And the limited competition is clearly justified as you elaborated and I really appreciated that. Given that though, I would love to see a robust structure for feedback from the community that's using anvil and for anvil to address that I think, you know, responsiveness to the users, especially when you don't have anvil open competition would really be helpful in convincing the community that this limited competition will be all positives and no negatives. Thanks. Yeah, I appreciate that. Any comments or thoughts about the anvil renewal segment? Okay, let's go back to the anvil clinical resource. And if to Carl ask you to start off again. Thanks Rudy. So this is a really intriguing and in a way exciting proposal to create the ACR. I believe that my first response would be to make sure that the ACR is distinct from, you know, or distinguishes itself from work that's already being done and has been done for several years. So I'd like to follow the immersion at work for, you know, HR integration of genomic data clinical decision support and informatics pipelines, clean gen for weight and curation. There are other pharmacogenomic efforts to link pharmacogenomic information and electronic health record. And so there are significant investments from energy or I into some of these elements, you know, as part of the genomic medicine portfolio. So, I think the ACR needs to really set itself apart and what I heard Ken was some very interesting thoughts related to making this entity HIPAA compliant, maybe having upgrade the FSMA labeling can mentioned digital apps. And most interestingly relationship with hospitals. So, perhaps we can elaborate on that what exactly is meant by that would, would this serve as a potential clinical tool for clinicians, where they can upload certain data and then expect to get some clinical grade results, or analysis. In that case, you know, would that require, you know, standardized pipelines and working with NIST, for example, would that require a clear kind of label. If we were to extend that would that include potentially a patient conduit where patients for example currently when they have GTC results they have the option of going to different sites where they can upload the VCF and then get to the next course. So, it seems that we're tiptoeing towards a very interesting interface between clinical domain and research domain. I think when we're talking about clinical research that's already actually happening in different formats. I'm, I'm, I would like that to be spelled out in the RFS to exactly, you know what some of those directions entail. So yeah, otherwise I think it's a very interesting intriguing new direction for annual to take. Thank you. Go ahead. Yeah, no, thank you for that. No, you're absolutely right. We have to be very careful about how the ACR is going to be set up within and how it's going to serve the community. In terms of being ample being used as a, as a particular clinical diagnostic tool and was not ready for that. We're not, we're not there yet. What I'm hoping for though, is for the ACR to start off really addressing taking interest steps for us to address the clinical research community's needs and use an angle where we come to those trust relationships where it to me it starts it starts there when it comes to working with hospitals and working with research sites clinical general based research sites to understand how and will can be used to for their needs by having like the ACR team work with them to develop use cases for using an angle. And I think you need to take these areas of steps first to address the researcher's needs. And then after that we can assess where it's ideal for amble to sit in terms of the actual clinical diagnosis area when it comes to do not mess up but I just don't think with the budget that we that we've listed here for and for the ACR and where we are an amble that we can reach that goal of trying to have resources and amble for clinical diagnostic diagnosis. But I do see that know that as far as our ability to try to address the normal based clinical research or community research community. I do think amble could be in a position to help address that but you're right we need to make sure we parse that out in a meaningful way, so we can take those areas of steps to get to where our ultimate goal is. Can you address your question if the car. Yes. Okay, for the ACR. So I think, just like if the car said I'm very also very excited about moving this towards more of a clinical data.  And honestly the time and the scope right, it's not going to solve every problem and make this a diagnostic tool. I think the most critical step to get into right as exactly as you said being able to bring in hippocline data and being able to start integrating those sorts of, you know, really more clinical types of data with the genomic data types that are already in Anvil. And so, indeed identifying key scenarios where this works and really making these interoperable and workable I think would probably be the most critical next steps right because there's all sorts of very exciting algorithmic challenges and all sorts of exciting technological innovations. And I don't know if given the budget and the time that's the, this is the right RFA for that. I'm really hopeful that in the future maybe in parallel a sub awards. I will consider going in that direction as well. But I think, you know, for the ACR team, indeed just really making sure that these data are integrated in a way that makes it usable makes it possible to develop approaches in the way that they can integrate across genomic and clinical data, and make at least some of the scenarios that clinical teams would really use in their research possible that would be critical. And I think as Gail suggested for the main in, you know, renewal of Anvil for this to I think feedback right like having robust ways for the community and user feedback would be really helpful. There's more potential scenarios and you won't be able to implement all of them but then you can see what keeps emerging over and over again. Thank you. Now that's very, that's very important. No, thank you for the feedback. Any other comments about the ACR from other council members. So, maybe I can just. Oh, I'm sorry, Rich. Yeah, please. Yeah, that's that's fine. I'm used to being bored. Doesn't work. At all. So, you know, I agree with the car and over again, but it's also the case that I think it would be great if we could, you know, take some a step back and think about the use cases, because those are going to be critical. It might be a good time to think about existing NHGRI resources as use cases, whether it's a merge networks or, you know, these new, especially the new diversity genome research centers that could actually help address the question that if car had earlier we can, you know, we actually utilize something like anvil to help reduce the health disparities and reduce barriers to inclusion, as opposed to building up more barriers that oftentimes happens with, you know, increased technology. So I think, you know, think carefully about the use cases and I think that will help drive a series of applications and the clinical side so. I think that's a very important project and initiative for NHGRI. Any other comments about the CR from other council members. Okay, let's proceed to a vote then let's talk about the anvil renewal first, can I get a motion to approve the concept. Second. Second. All in favor please hold your hand up just a second. Thank you anyone opposed. Anyone abstaining. Great thank you okay for the ACR can I get a motion to approve the concept. And I heard a second in there. Can I all in favor please raise your hand. Anyone opposed. Anyone abstaining. Great. Thank you very much. Thank you, Ken and Chris. Let's move along to Ebony are you with us.


Hello. Welcome to the Jenkins Advocacy on Outreach 6. Today is November 5th. We have your contributors on the call, Alisa Tong, Mark and me. And let's see what we've got in our agenda. Okay. Do you see my screen? Yes, we can. Okay. So, yeah, ongoing collections, announcements, mailing lists, some program updates and the upcoming events. Let's just go through the agenda. So, for ongoing collections, I will just quickly show the current status. So, last week we announced the candidates for the elections, the current situation that we have to contest the roles. We had two governance board members. We had two board members and also release officers. The rest of the officers, including the events officer, are not contested. So, effective December 3rd, Marki will become the events officer. He was unable to join today. He is at the Spinnaker Summit. There will be a lot of coordination, and this week will be the venue for that. Same for other officers. So, security officer, infrastructure officer, no changes. For documentation officer, no changes as well. Mark, you'll keep leading this effort as well as the documentation seat. So, we will spend some time in order to communicate the elections to contributors to get registrations and before that to get donations. Our current situation that we are not that high on the registration numbers, but at the same time, we've gotten enough registrations to think that this election is legitimate. So, any additional promotion will be appreciated. But yeah, I think that we are on the way to get enough votes. The voting itself starts on November 10th, so it's five days from now. Okay. Any questions, comments before we move on? Well, actually, since Jacqueline just joined us, Oleg, is there anything we could envision that the continuous delivery foundation might be able to help in the promoting of the ongoing elections? Certainly we're doing social media efforts. We've got linked in. Are there things that CDF might help us? Yeah, I can definitely. It makes it honestly a lot easier for me if I could just copy and paste. If you've already have copy created, and if you've got any creative assets made for it, I'm happy to just repost it instead of having to reinvent the wheel and having to write all new things. So if, do you have like a shared file? I could just start pulling from it and then I can schedule in our tweet back and also through LinkedIn this promotion. So we don't have shared content. We have posts in place. So you can just repost them. Okay, so you just want me to like retweet and repost them. So it would be the easiest way. Okay, can I get links to that and then I can start doing that. The links to the chat. So just a second. So, yeah, just all of those start to just retweet them. Yeah, we have quite a lot of traffic these days. So this one we are happy to know, scan it. So this is the best to be reposted. Okay, yeah, I can do that. LinkedIn Jenkins project, we have basically the same post. Okay, and then are you, is there like, do you have other assets like a blog or anything like that, because that. Yeah. So the second time I didn't care the link. Okay, this LinkedIn post, then you have a blog here. So again, this is the recent announcement, but it makes sense to repost. Okay, cool. Yeah, I will work with Roxanne to get the blog reposted. If that's okay, like basically you will just copy and paste it on the CDF blog. Okay, and then, and then I'll go and repost that stuff right now. Yes, of course, basically November 10 is when the voting starts, and the voter registration ends on November 8. So for example, if there is some invite to get it out tomorrow, it would be awesome. Okay, let me, what's today's date today's already Thursday. Let me talk to her because I wasn't. I don't know if we captured that in our newsletter. I know she did ask for project updates. But if that wasn't captured, I'll ask her to to see if there's still time to include it she sits in Germany so it might be kind of late for me to capture but I'll try to definitely get it. Yeah, we added information about the upcoming collections to sell to the this month's project update. So the one which was requested by Dan Lawrence, but you have a kind of separate reference would be also nice. Yeah, the rest you can just report them right away or when this is fine with you. Okay, I'll do that right now. Okay. Anything else on elections. Actually, yes, Jacqueline Jacqueline, you're eligible to vote, I would think, as a contributor you may not realize it, but you and Alyssa both. I didn't know that code but anyone who contributes to the Jenkins project is eligible and the eligibility is quite simple, you need to be a public contributor, which you are it doesn't have to be code. Yeah, even if we've never like I've never actually committed like a pull request or anything. Okay, good to know. Okay.  So I didn't know that you are eligible as far as I can tell. We specifically made this change. Because, yeah, in previous elections we considered contributors only who did contributions through. Basically, either through Jira or through github. We removed any border so that any public contribution comes. Okay, cool. All right, I'll definitely make sure to vote then. Okay, I plan on voting as well. Just don't miss the registration deadline. We'll early vote this year. Go with the theme. Yep, exactly. Just don't take too long like the US. Okay. Okay. So yeah, moving on announcements made in peace. So I think that we should finally introduced one. We discussed it one week ago with the Jenkins governance meeting I took an action item. So basically the intent is to have a new let's say Jenkins announcements at Google groups. So the idea is quite simple. It's low traffic, mainly pleased. So maybe one or messages per month, maybe a bit more when needed to communicate mostly to contributors. Not to users. We can actually have both contributor and using why it's important because for example what we realized with elections and other community events. Basically, we don't have a way to reach out to the community. We have user mailing please we have developer mailing please. Not so many contributors section to watch them because that is a high traffic. So creating a separate money increased definitely make sense. So these are intentionally low traffic folk and the primary focus is contributors so this would effectively have avoided our having to extract the list of maintainers. Is that the kind of thing so they would self subscribe to be to be included in that kind of list. So always such kind of newsletter who would take a long to ramp up to get enough followers, especially if you do promote it. If you promote it, you will still require considerable time. Thanks. And just seconding to respond to the message. But yeah, I plan to introduce this list. And once they will probably write a blog post, etc. But it really depends on my capacity which is not exactly impressive these days. Okay. So for Jenkins is the way. I would like to summarize the status. Yeah, yeah. So Jenkins is the way. Oh, okay, are you able to see that. Oh, like, Yes, I would need to to sign up for a drop box. So I can do that but not on the screen share mode. Okay. I can take away and show it. All right. So, Mark sorry you're hearing this again, but I'll talk about it and then I'll share the video so basically what we did was we took. So we generated a bunch of user stories and case studies for Jenkins is the way. And we wanted to be able to share this via another vehicle besides, you know, a document PDF file, right so we put this into a video. Basically, it's a two to three minutes testimonial video from the actual user. And let me share that right now. See if I can do this. Share screen. Can you see my screen. Yes. So this is, this is from Timot and he's a software engineer so we have a case study on him as well. And so now we're just putting into video Oh it looks like my internet is not liking this too much. Sorry. It's a two minutes video. He's talking about the challenges that he that he and his company or his team face and how they use Jenkins what was their goal what was their outcome and very brief and I we stuck with the theme Jenkins is the way. So what we need to do with these videos is to post them on YouTube, our Jenkins YouTube and as well as CDF YouTube page of Jackie is okay with having it there. Totally, I'm like so excited about this content. I was like, can we use it. His last time we use the case study. I can't remember was it T mobile. I'm super upset at us so yeah I'm totally about sharing this content. This is really awesome. Right, so this. So we learned our lesson from team T mobile so we made sure that we're able to share this with a bright, a broader audience. And we did get the okay. So I'm more. So these are the two videos that that we've finished. So we're continuing to work on more videos towards the end of this year so I'm shooting for two more videos. So hopefully we'll be able to use this content. Besides, you know, like on YouTube where where video is is more acceptable but anyways, I'm sorry I can for some reason. Okay, oh, there goes to be working. Oh, not anymore. It's okay. Yeah, so just whenever you can share those. I'll create a playlist in the CDF YouTube, and then I'll also start sharing it on social media. So like tweeted tweeting it and also I'll share that with. Like how we can start integrating that into like the newsletter or any email communications like that kind of stuff. So some some promotion. Yeah, great. And then I also submitted a couple weeks ago Jackie I submitted a couple of Jenkins is the ways case studies and user stories to the CDF page. Okay, did you get those by the way. Let me sorry I haven't looked at it in a while. But yeah let me look at it now that I that you brought it. So they're case studies. Okay, awesome. Because yeah we haven't done anything with case studies in a while. Yeah, awesome. Yeah, I can definitely tweet about this because I don't have anything. Okay. Oh cool. Awesome. And then I'll, I'll probably submit a blog as well that talks about that talks about some of these stories. Okay. We can also publish such videos directly on Twitter on YouTube without the blog. Sorry not YouTube LinkedIn. So for these search channels we can post them directly. It's a preference, but an additional blog post would also help. Well, and certainly posting a video into LinkedIn increases the likelihood that people will view it. Yeah, watch it so it's a higher engagement so you have LinkedIn sounds really great. Yeah, okay definitely do all that too. I currently don't so Tyler hasn't responded to me and so I currently do not have access to LinkedIn and Twitter and so who would be able to help me with at least LinkedIn market has been helping me with Twitter for Jenkins CI. I can just grant you permissions. It's me for the account at the moment. Ah, okay. At the same time if it's just posting the video it's not a problem I can help with any moment. Okay. But yeah for Twitter, I will look into that again because I have a few other topics. And now, Alyssa those the two videos as currently exist are hosted on Dropbox the idea is we'll put them on the Jenkins channel on YouTube. Once they've been approved once we have agreed that they're okay is that right. Yeah. Because then I assume Jackie would would reference them would refer to the reference them in her playlist right from the Jenkins play from the Jenkins YouTube channel. Yeah I could do that for sure or you know if you get me the raw files I can upload them there too. Up to you guys yeah. Okay. And I don't know on YouTube channel management, I was assuming that single copy into playlists is probably better than two copies into plan list, but yeah, probably you're right. Okay. Yeah, so I'll just reference it then but I think what will be better Alyssa, instead of me like retweeting and like very sharing some of these existing posts if it comes out directly from the CDF as like we're posting it. I think that might be nice to. Okay. Okay. Yeah, but I'm flexible so. All right. So should I send the videos to the outreach mailing list for approval. Make sense to double check but yeah, I don't think it's a big problem. Just go ahead. Do you have do you have YouTube upload permission Alyssa if you don't I do, and I could, I can upload them to YouTube. Yeah, I do not. Okay. I thought you have permissions to you to police just a second. Anyway, if you need to YouTube permissions it's also something we can get you. Though in this case it will require an email to the developer my name is. Technically, you can get permissions. Okay. Just second I'm checking the account because I was sure that you have access. Oh, I, I have never uploaded a video to YouTube on Jenkins CI for Jenkins CI. Just a second. No, I was wrong. You're not in the list. We have quite a long list of participants which needs a cleanup, but you're not in the list. Okay, so yeah if you send a message to the developer money please it shouldn't be big deal. Okay. Thank you. Anything else on that topic or should we move on. Can move on. Okay, just a second. Good destruction to beat.  We have the action item to post that the governance governance has agreed that we can put it on the Jenkins that I also I just need to get it done. Okay. So, yeah, then upcoming events. We have for them. We have G so we have contributed summit. Marcus governance. What do you mean. I had, I had the action item from a previous item that previous meeting notes that I had seen that I need to submit a request that we propose to have a contributor summit, and get the governance board approval that yeah it's okay we do a contributor summit. So that's not necessary. Do I not. I was just assuming what governance approval to say yes let's go ahead with contributor summit. Here are some ideas. Well it makes sense to discuss that the yet suggest we think up offline because maybe the summit's connected. Definitely a contributor. Yeah, we definitely need to do that. Maybe at some point. I'm not sure about user summit but contributor summit summit. Also, we have the day of Jenkins Japan December. And we have you on just a few weeks right. Yeah, less than two weeks, right. So, yeah. Marky me and I guess Mark have submitted our availability. So, Jacqueline doing it. Anything else for coupon from the Jenkins project. No, just, I think, like I was able to register you and marky and mark I didn't see on the sign up sheet so I didn't sign you up. You should not I apologize I'm not available on holiday exactly these days. Okay, okay. Okay, I just just in case I didn't I missed something. So yeah I think we're all good I got you guys all registered. So yeah I think it's just showing up whenever you, you've got some time. Just in case if we need to transfer participation is it possible in principle, because I have a pretty bad time on her lap, because of my time zone. So even there is a contributor who would be able to be present for longer time. I can do. I'll have to ask to be quite honest oh like I'm not sure. I do have some extra attendee passes like they part of our sponsorship they gave us like 50 attendee passes. So that's also another way that somebody if they want to hang around the, the CDF booth, they at least have a past they can chat with people, but they might not have like the booth pass. So that that's also another thing too. And if there's folks. You want to share keep calm passes with like I think I've only shared 15. So if there's folks that want to attend because it's $100 right now. Please let me know and I can provide them a code. So that could be also for members. We, we, I think it got sent in the member newsletter but one of the things we're realizing is we don't have all of our, the right members in there. But yes, if you if there's like cloud these hopes who want like a ticket and they just, they couldn't get it through cloud bees. Let me know what I got a few to spare. Okay. Yeah, we're good. We're gonna keep calm. Yeah, that's really great. Yeah, I didn't check whether there would be any Jenkins talks. There are definitely some Jenkins X ones. But yeah, maybe if Jenkins and Kubernetes stores practically will be able to have more representation, the conference, the coming months. Okay, so then the day of Jenkins Japan so basically it's me and Steven to run a presenting there. Plus, because we didn't talk most unlaunchable from what I understand. Plus, some one talk from tech metrics. So it will be a relatively small event but they keep doing that and that's great. So for FOSDOM, only VFS submitted an application for the test automation different. So it's in the previous years. I think it's actually CI CD dev room but yeah it's it's that same concept. It's the same dev room he ran last year. Yeah, basically it's not clear to what else happens at FOSDOM because this is the first time they're doing it remote for example there was no real call for applications from projects. And yeah it's not clear how you would do a developer table there anyway. It's the same for call for proposal so I guess they just about starting to bed and they will do it after meeting November when different sites should be announced. Yeah, I believe that we will have a lot of contributors at FOSDOM. So it's not clear how we do this in terms of what community events we try to organize. Okay, then. JSOC right? Okay so for JSOC we started preparing to the 2020 edition. So there is a blog post staged for 2020 results. I'm not sure maybe it will postpone it even until the early next week. But yeah the blog post is staged also these have started collecting proposals for 2021. And that we can accumulate some ideas. Again we just using framework from the previous year but it still needs to be seen how we actually organize JSOC next year. So whether we apply it as a single organization is continuously with the foundation or whether we are doing separately. All of these topics are yet to be discussed. And also changes in how JSOC organized in 2021. So when we get closer to application phase in January, there will be a lot of topics. By now we just collect project ideas which makes sense anyway. So yeah there are just a few ideas mostly placeholders but we can create more. So we haven't even launched the call for proposals in the coming year. And contribute of summit 2021 basically what we discussed. So maybe one question would be to continue delivery of the foundation. Yeah that's what I was going to say is I know for CDCON 2021 we were thinking about adding a third day and it being the Contributor Summit. We've gotten some feedback that it actually should be a standalone event for all of the projects. So I think they're thinking about maybe like well a we need to sync with all of our community leaders to see if that's something that they're on board with and if they prefer a standalone event like what would that timeline be. I think I've heard it get kicked around that maybe like February would be a good timeframe. But if if you guys like yes please let us know what you need regarding the contributor summit, and then I can start getting the other community leaders on board. So that if you need a platform or whatever it is that you need we can start working with the LF events team to get that coordinated. Yeah, so regarding that we can potentially just do it in zoom. Yeah, yeah, I think there's like the Linux foundation has a zoom wrapper called KQ, and it's supposed to like enhance the breakout rooms on zoom. Somehow like be able to make it easier for folks to be able to transfer from one room to the other versus the limitation on zoom right now I believe is you get assigned to a room and you have to stay there. Yeah, so it's basically platform for small events. Exactly. Yeah. It's something we could definitely try especially if the Linux foundation needs feedback. Yeah, but yeah for us it would be like just opening session, then a few breakout rooms. So usually what we have is something like four or five tables focusing on different projects. And then basically getting back together doing some live demos, whatever closing fun events. Okay, yeah. And oh like and mark if. So I'm thinking about budget wise for next year. If there's something specific that you want to include in the contributor summit like giving away swags to the contributors. Let me know. So then I can include in my budget. Just for computer summit or for whatever community outreach program we have. So yeah, it would be for so right now we're talking about contributors summit so contributors summit but yes so as I'm planning for 2021. I'd like to get an idea of, you know, for the whole year events for the whole year, whatever that you have in mind. And what would be did learn to probably disinformation. So if we are in November say end of this month. So I guess somebody would need to gather feedback from all parties to prepare this list. I can do I can do that do you want me to show should I start the discussion and the outreach. If you could start this discussion would be ideal. We can definitely consume all this work we can get from sponsors. This is not a big deal. Yeah, for once it's definitely something we need to think more if you want to understand. Moving on. Yeah, so last year we put together the annual report that kind of recapped what the city foundation and each of the projects were doing. So we're doing the same thing again. One of the things I've already put a meeting on the books for December if you scroll down to the project update section. I believe I think the community had already created this for Jenkins but it was the same infographic of like the number of core releases plug and releases basically any of those metrics that you want to ensure that the community knows about. This is the template that we're going to be discussing of like, how do we want to like, how do we want to communicate to the community. What the project achieved in 2020. And then also just come to a consensus on what that template is going to look like if we can move forward with the same one or if there's there needs to be updates to it. So that's what that December meeting is about. And then. So yeah I just, I'm trying to attend all of the outreach and sick meetings for each of the projects to kind of get it in their head like what, what should we talk about for Jenkins and, and how do we represent it. Like what did it achieve in 2020. So that that's that's why I'm also bugging you guys here. We did it in January. Yes, so what I'm trying to do, Oleg, we plan on publishing this and let me share. I do have a work back calendar of each of the sections. What we're trying to do this year is just put the template together so that in January. When that data is available or when the community has the time to put everything together we just have to drop in the content. But the goal is to get it published January, the week of January 18 through the 22nd. So it's more kind of like later half of January because I did tell Tracy this last year, we probably didn't publish till late June late January and folks didn't get stuff to me till about like after after the new year. We did build that in. But yeah we just want to kind of start planting the seed and, and then let folks kind of put together that summary of what they want to include. Let me find that document and then I'll tag it there too. But yeah that's that's really the biggest update there. Okay, thank you. So, you definitely do that. We have plenty of time. So we can spend some time to list highlights, or we can just finish at the meeting color. If I didn't have to put it in cups. So yeah we will definitely do it. Hey hack fast. Yeah, the UI UX. So it's a basically so. October fast. Yeah. elections. Any releases as well. Last year we just put summary statistics a protocol correct. Yeah, we just did some like high level statistics. Yeah, we didn't really talk about really specifically apart from summaries. So, but you need to do something. I think that's never happened in in 2020 like let's give nothing technical happen it's okay. Let's just cover like the events and all that kind of stuff I think that's really good community building. Oh like maybe we can also share the user stories and the case studies. Yeah, like the Jenkins is the way campaign results I think that's really good. Yeah, separate bullet and just putting things together. And we also can just highlight the recent releases. So I have a lot of center template for what you were sharing this year last week. So maybe put some key features. And then wasn't also like the Jenkins engine templating. Isn't that a kind wasn't that kind of like a big deal to because it tells sort of like the interoperability story, potentially there. So, yes or no. Okay, started last year. Okay, and there are plans for 2.0 but these funds are working progress. I'm not sure whether the major release will happen. Okay, okay, got it. Yeah, sorry I thought there was some some big update over the summer with the Jenkins engine template. Okay, so we have some candidates, for example, yeah. Hubs checks pipeline is Yamal. It's on pipeline like it's ready. So, yeah, this is something we need to think about carefully. Okay, yeah, I mean we've got time so yeah. It might be worth putting a roadmap roadmap entry. Oh, you've got public roadmap but then yeah I just highlight some of the things that are completed on the roadmap and yeah that would be awesome. Yeah, so we have a little bit of detail there. Yes, we started the roadmap and here are some of the things completed. Here's an update of what where we're at with that roadmap. So we have all of the stuff that are kind of some items. So we've got a number of green and so we're in the release to raise premium. Yeah, actually we should start thinking of the special example for two and service integrations is quite empty at the moment. So we're probably going to work with contributors on that. But yeah. Very cool. Okay, yeah, so we'll we'll keep on working on it. I'll keep bugging you guys. Okay, anything else for today. Then yeah thanks everyone and talk to you in two weeks. Okay. Bye. Bye.


It's literally the best video I've ever come across as far as all the benefits that zeolite has that very few people know about They have a lot of filler in there as well. This is the best information I've ever found on zeolite Let me know what you think down below peace our issues aren't derived from what we're putting in our issues are really derived from the stuff That's in us that we need to get out and that goes back to what the World Health Organization had really proven in 1974 they said about 80 to 85 percent of all chronic degenerative diseases were caused by environmental toxin It could be heavy metals It could be other environmental toxins PCBs glyphosate and go down the list They cause a cascade of symptomology that can have a myriad of diagnoses over time in a single patient so if you come up with mechanisms just to treat the symptoms you can do really well and Welcome to the pharmaceutical industry But what we also know is if you find effective means of removing those issues that people can be well and Not have the symptomology that one suspects to get with the aging process The class of minerals called zeolites and specifically clenoptilolite are What nature is created to clean the environment whether you look at clenoptilolite or bentonite or a couple others have been very well Published and proven for their their mechanism for environmental detoxification as well as gastrointestinal detoxification Now we're talking about clenoptilolite in zeolite. What what what what happens there? Why why are there two different names there? So zeolites are the class so it's kind of like having a Ford Mustang The Mustang is this specific version. This is the vehicle Ford is the the class So zeolites are a class of minerals, you know volcanic minerals that are formed from different chemical processes From volcanic eruptions that have formed in different areas of the world So if you're familiar with Iceland and they have the the hot springs and they have the really healing mud That's in the hot springs in Iceland. That's bentonite. Okay, clenoptilolite is found in numerous parts of the world in different deposits and It's a quartz like crystal that acts like a molecular sieve to where it has this Very porous honeycomb cage structure that is negatively charged So it acts like a magnet to bind into positively charged heavy metals and other environmental toxins in the environment It's the reason that the Romans used it to line the aqueduct so they didn't die of lead poisoning and when they didn't use it We got Nero and it's the reason that when Chernobyl melted down that they dropped a half million tons The powder over the meltdown site because of its ability to bind cesium and strontium. They've used it in three mile island They used it in Hanford. They've used it in Oak Ridge. They used it in Fukushima So it's very well published very well proven And it's and it's but the problems that we have today in our population are because of women and 12 women just shrugged and in shrieked because they They don't want to hear that per se But it's a fact because when a woman's pregnant when she's burning fat to create the energy to to grow a fetus Those toxins and chemicals that are also stored in that fat start circulating in her System and as a means of protection of her own body her body will push a lot of those toxins into the fetus That's where miscarriage rates become so high But seldomly talked about because there's still a stigma behind it But it's also the reason that we've got kids. They're extremely sensitive when they're born. You've got the ADD ADHD autism Asperger's OCD Behavioral issues learning disorders need it all corresponds to different levels of environmental toxins depending upon the area of the Of the country or the area of the world that the the mother grew up in or was in and where her family came from because this Environmental issue is is transgenerational. It's passed down maternally, right? So how can you utilizing the the Fragments here actually help get those detox or the toxins out of the body then this mineral is is really unique Because it's generally recognized as safe as a food additive So you can consume a lot of it and it can't hurt you the fragments can get into into the bloodstream can Permiate fat cells and different cells and there's some evidence that it's crossing the blood brain barrier and because they're passive nature And they don't have any natural binding sites because it has no place to stick So it will go in it'll grab on to what it can trap the bad stuff There's conversations that Because it's naturally negatively charged that it will bind, you know The essential metals as well the calcium's magnesium's potassium's the sodium's which it will But because of their lighter charge and their lighter molecular weight It will actually cationically exchange those lighter metals for the heavy metals So the mercury's the cadmium's arsenic leds aluminum cesium strontium and such so it will hold on to the bad guys and Allow them to be passively removed because it'll come out through kidneys and liver And you just pee it out and the nice part is is because it's trapped everything You're not worried about causing any other toxicity issues to your Detoxifying organs you actually get a process where you're detoxifying your detoxifying organs because as those fragments go through your kidneys They have some binding space left over and they're grabbing toxins that are in your in your kidneys And even if you're doing a lot of the right things you're still coming across many toxins in the workplace And and I mean everything is full of toxins and it's interesting because I just spoke to a group of ladies the other day Who is a big weight loss group that I spoke to and all of them are really trying to lose weight But one of the things is is that comes up quite often is hey, I'm trying to lose weight I'm doing all the right things But I still can't lose that weight and many of these women are very toxic and so when they start losing the weight They you know eventually because of the hormone disruption from all the toxins in their system and everything else they They come to a standstill and I feel like at one point it was a matter of putting some things in you know Whether it's better nutrients and nutrients that were lacking whatever the case was but now it's a matter of actually getting out Those toxins before you can actually go in and try to really you know Get to the to the next stage of healing with people when you look at the fad diets and You know the different I've had friends that have lost a lot of weight a lot of inches different diets and whatnot And they've called and said hey I have MS symptoms now and it all corresponds to you know losing all this weight And it's because the fat is a storage medium for those chemicals and those toxins that are in your system because your body has to sequester that away from your organs and away from your brain and if you burn off the fat you release all those toxins and Specifically mercury shuts off the methylation process. It shuts down glutathione production So our bodies natural detoxification pathways don't work And that's the nasty part of this stuff is you have these toxins that we want to get out But they shut off your body's ability to to remove it naturally So they get stored and then when you're trying to remove this stuff You have to find a way to bind it while it's still in the body because if you mobilize it It's it's going to cause disruptions and don't if you don't do the subtraction The addition is never going to cause as much of a benefit as it could without doing them in combination You have to get rid of the bad stuff while you're putting in the good stuff One because you can remove the blockages from nutrient binding sites and hormone binding sites by using something that can work at a At a cellular level to remove those blockages that but then by adding proper nutrition You know proper supplements proper diet the nutrients that you're putting in are able to get to the areas where they need to go To be effective. So you've got to do both It's clinical till lights been proven to to bind heavy metals. It'll bind molds like black mold It's one of the few things that'll bind glyphosate, which is a whole other show on its own with the ability to actually Remove and buying glyphosate. It's been shown to be used for age and orange You've got lime and not the spirochetes themselves And this is a really important aspect of lime disease and it's those those little guys that the That clean up till a light is actually able to bind you've got you know other PCBs other Environmental toxins trichloroethylene you can go down a long list of different chemicals that mineral has the ability to buy And so it's not just heavy metals it It's really a lot of the worst stuff that we have to deal with Environmentally today God did a pretty good job of giving us everything we needed when we needed it We just have to figure it out I think it was was it augmentino that said when the student is ready the teacher will appear the native Philosophy of understanding nature and where there's a problem. There's a cure We have patients come to me all the time and say yeah, I did a detox So I don't need to you know detox any further with you And you know they might have all these different symptoms and like diabetes or arthritis and all types of inflammatory Conditions and they start talking about their liver cleanse and their Foot baths and they're you know, there's all these different types of cleanses that people are using and they're calling those Detox and so you know, I find this to be you know The only real way to do a good solid detox most people when they face they symbolize detox It's it's a connotation that isn't typically well well accepted because there's negative negative thoughts that come along with that If it's spending a half hour on the toilet or having to go away for a week and spend a lot of money on a retreat and Sit in a tent that's too hot. Those those mechanisms are typically GI kidney liver and lymph like you touched on which there is benefit to I mean, I'm a huge proponent of you know liver liver and kidney cleanses and colon hydro therapy and Infrared saunas I work really closely with a friend of mine that has some of the best infrared saunas on the market and I Strongly strongly encourage the use of those But when you're looking at a cellular basis, you need something that goes deeper than that You've got a product that is able to to work at a bloodstream Cellular subcellular level and then you've got the rest of the mechanisms that are working on an organ organ or Lymphatic level so both are good, but they're different and One one of those methods the GI kidney liver stuff you can do on occasion is and that it shouldn't be a process That is a verse to the body and you shouldn't feel terrible when you're doing it It should be passive because if you're if you're removing metals properly You don't want to do it heavily at one time because you're obviously going to be mobilizing things that you can't get out Which is going to lead to sequestration issues later on so it's it's the process of slowly peeling an onion You go layer layer by layer Instead of just cutting it and chopping it all up and some people some people are okay hitting it hard quick You know, that's the one thing I've done, but Because of the mechanism there's nothing wrong with starting low and tight trading up And so then how often should it be used you kind of mentioned that you want to stick with it and stay with it So is that the case that you want to use it over a long period of time or is this a one month type of deal? Or how does that work if I had an option it would be womb to tomb the The easiest explanation is if our environmental exposure ever went down to zero You you could stop now You might not have to use it as often over time and you might not use as much or you might use more in Different at different points in time due to exposure or just due to how how you might cycle with it over time our environmental exposure is never going to get any better and with that being said alone, it's something that you should continually use and theoretically if we were able to ever a hundred percent clean up our bodies and Then eliminate our environmental exposure you could say hey I don't I don't need to do anything like this anymore, but we're never going to get to that point You know if we just look at Fukushima and what Fukushima has done. We're pretty well new All right one last question. I want to bring you our Bring up here on the top pick up detoxification and that's what is the big difference between Dmsa and then what we're using with the fragments Dmsa is kind of like taking a hammer and a chisel or a jackhammer and going through and knocking a bunch of stuff loose and then leaving and Because it's it's very very effective at mobilizing a lot of metals It'll mobilize a lot of mercury and with its ability to to cross the blood-brain barrier in some aspects You you mobilize a lot of metal Problem problem is like we've touched on our bodies natural detox pathways are inefficient to remove all of that stuff and that's that's where you run the risk of getting people sick from doing too much and You take the alternative where you've got a natural molecular sieve That will go in and grab on to stuff now If you if you wanted to have a lot of fun You could use them in tandem where you have one mechanism that is basically shaking up the snow globe per se And then you you can throw in another compound that will suck it all up And that's the difference between the two is you have like dmps and dmsa that will that will mobilize a lot Which is why it's been used for challenge tests for heavy metal excretion so often is it will it'll mobilize so much Metal that you will excrete a lot not everything you'll you'll excrete a lot I'm not a big fan of that because if I was doing a urine analysis on me I'd want to look at what my body is naturally excreting and then I would want to use some protocols that are effective in the Remediation of that I'd want to use that for a short period of time and then do a follow-up urine challenge test to see What the difference was from doing nothing to doing something versus putting a lot of force into my body to? To mobilize a bunch of stuff and then see what comes out But they have different different mechanisms different effects one one is good at knocking a bunch of stuff loose The other one is very good at going in passively grabbing on to what it can Binding it and then leaving passively. Okay, gotcha. And what kind of results are you seeing with this? I mean that's it And I'm then question or the comment that I made initially if you understand the etiology of a problem And I don't care if it's autism Alzheimer's and anything in between and if you can remove what's causing the issue You won't have the symptomology or it will be dramatically decreased So right we are the greatest biological organism ever created besides and We've been polluted to a point where we have calcified pineal glands and all these other issues So we're we're not as special as we can be but if you can remove the the toxins the glyphosates Fyro the Pyrokeets and everything else that are causing our issues if you can remove Those in the byproducts of them the symptomology that people have Synonymous with a lot of the diagnoses won't be there anymore I've I've seen plenty of that because if you remove the cause you won't have any symptoms


So, we're going to now discuss the fundamental theorem of calculus, which is going to help us find the area of any region that we can describe. Now, before we actually introduce the fundamental theorem of calculus, let's actually frame the question. Being able to write about something, being able to write down the question is actually a fairly important part of the process. So let's take a look at that. So suppose we're looking to find the area of some region, and we have to describe where that region is. So maybe it's between some curve y equals f of x, y equals g of x, and well, there's my top bottom. I need my left and right, so I will also have my left boundary x equals a, and my right boundary x equals b, and that forms a region that I can talk about. Now, with the Riemann sums, we had approximated the area of the region by adding up a whole bunch of rectangles. So let's take a look at what those rectangles might look like. So I'll draw a representative rectangle, as if I were going to find a Riemann sum for this region. So I want to find the area of that rectangle, which means I need to know the height, and I need to know the width. Well, the height of the rectangle, here's the top on y equals f of x, here's the bottom on y equals g of x, and the height is just going to be top minus bottom. So that's just going to be f of x, top minus g of x, bottom, so there's the height of the rectangle. Meanwhile, the width of that rectangle, well, I can describe that width as being a tiny part of the x-axis, this little wedge here, and I'll represent that using this differential dx, and that tells us the little tiny portion, there's the d part, of the x-axis, and that's where the x part comes in. So I have the height of the rectangle, I have the width of the rectangle, and so now I can find the area of the rectangle, and that's just going to be the product of the height, f of x minus g of x, and the width, dx, and that's going to be the area of this one little rectangle in here. Well, if I want the area of the entire region, I can find that by summing all of those rectangles, and I can express that sum as follows, and this gives me something that we call the definite integral. Now there's four key parts of this definite integral. The first part, what's called the integrand, this portion, is actually just going to be the height of that representative rectangle, it's top minus bottom. The second part, the width of the rectangle, little portion of the x-axis, that's going to be our differential, and then we also indicate where the interval starts, x equals a, and where the interval ends, x equals b. And so those are the four parts of the definite integral that correspond to the height of a rectangle, the width of the rectangle, where our region starts, where our region ends. And here's an important check. If the differential, dx, and the limits of the definite integral, x equal to a, x equal to b, they have to be in terms of the same variable. If they are not, you cannot evaluate the integral. Well, not this semester anyway. That's a topic for second semester calculus. Let's take a look at an example. So maybe we want to talk about the area between y equals x squared and y equals four, and let's see if we can express this as a definite integral. Now if you want to do this problem the hard way and quite probably get the wrong answer, you can skip the first step. However, if you want to do this the easy way and most likely set yourself up to find the correct answer, the first step is kind of important. Let's go ahead and graph that. And so here we have our graph of the two curves, y equals x squared, y equals four. And note that our two curves intersect at two points. Now we actually have to find those intersection points there where the curves y equals x squared, y equals four intersect each other. So that's an algebraic process that we're not going to go into here, but you should be able to do that. And let's see. So I have, have I described a region? Well, I have to have a top curve, y equals four. I have to have a bottom curve, y equals x squared. I have to have a left point over here someplace. I have to have a right point over here someplace. So now I have a complete description of the region. Again, if you want to make your life easier and set up the answer correctly, then you probably want to sketch a representative rectangle. And again, these correspond to the rectangles whose areas you'd be summing to find the Riemann sum. So let's go ahead and draw that rectangle. And the importance of this rectangle is it helps to further identify top and bottom. So I want to know the area of that rectangle. So I need to know the height, which is going to be top minus bottom. Top is on y equals four. Bottom is on this curve, y equals x squared. So the height is going to be four minus x squared. The width of that rectangle is going to be some tiny bit of the x axis. Again, we'll represent that as dx. And the area of that we can represent as four minus x squared. That's height times dx, that's width. And so our area of that one little rectangle four minus x squared dx. Well, for the Riemann sum, I want to sum up all of those rectangles. Well, how'd that get in there? Actually, this is how an S would have been written in the latter part of the 16th century, early part of the 17th century. Oddly enough, that's when calculus was being invented. So this symbol, which we usually read as an integral symbol, or maybe as an anti-derivative symbol, it's an S. It is a 17th century S and really refers back to the idea that what we're looking at is a sum of a whole bunch of rectangles from differential and limits have to match, so our differential is x, we have to talk about our x values. We're going to sum those rectangles from x equals negative two up to x equals positive two. So there's x equals negative two to x equals two and our notation is going to look like that. And here's 90% of the problem of finding the area between y equals x squared and y equals four. Once you've set up the definite integral, actually evaluating the definite integral is fairly straightforward. And we'll discuss that in the next lecture.


Greetings and welcome to the Introduction to Astronomy. In this lecture, we are going to talk about the solar cycle, so patterns of activity that we see on the surface of the sun, and leading into perhaps how those can affect us here on Earth. So let's take a look at the most visible sign of solar activity, which would be the sunspots. Sunspots, what are they? Well, they are dark regions on the surface of the sun. So when you look at an image of the sun, of the photosphere, you can pick out sunspots, large here, but smaller ones scattered around. And we can see all sorts of sunspots and even sunspot groupings present on the sun. Why are they dark? They're dark because they are cooler than the surrounding surface. They are still incredibly hot. They are almost 4,000 degrees as compared to 6,000 for the sun. But when you look at something cooler against the background of something much brighter, they are going to look dark. So if you could actually scoop out that material and put it out in space, it would glow an orangish red color. So they are not really dark areas or a view into the interior of the sun, but they are very, they are just cooler regions of the surface. Now, large sunspots may have actually been visible more than 1,000 years ago. A large enough sunspot could be seen with the naked eye, although it is very dangerous to look at the sun directly because it can damage your eyes. However, it is possible that some very large sunspots or sunspots groupings may have been seen more than 1,000 years ago. However, the most recent observations, modern detection of sunspots, was by Galileo with the telescope. These can last, these sunspots can last anywhere from a few hours to a few months. And they can be larger than the size of the Earth. So these can be very big compared to the size of the Earth even. Others can be smaller, but still they are very, all of them are going to be very good size objects. Now, the sunspots that we see aren't just random, they come and go with a pattern. So what we see is what we call the sunspot cycle. And the cycle means that there is a regular pattern, or in this case, a cyclic pattern, that we see where the number of sunspots will rise and fall with a period of about 11 years. So in our image here, we can see the sun in the background, and we can see cycle 22 peaking here, and about 11 years later, cycle 23 peaks, and about 11 years later or so, cycle 24 peaks. Actually, cycle 24 was a little bit later incoming than the previous cycle, so it's actually a little bit longer. So it's not precisely 11 years, but it averages to 11 years over our observations of the sun, so the actual period can vary a little bit. So it's not that it's precisely 11 years, but it's a pretty good predictor over a long-term time frames. The cycle is related to magnetic properties of the sun. And in reality, it's not just an 11-year cycle, which is when the sunspots come and go, but it's a 22-year cycle. Because at the end of each cycle, the sunspots reverse their polarity. What does that mean? Well, at one cycle, you might have a couple of sunspots in the southern hemisphere, and you might have the south spot leading the north spot. The next cycle, so after 11 years have passed, you might have another similar pair of sunspots, but now it is north and south. So even though they are the same spots in the same hemisphere of the sun, the polarity or essentially the entire magnetic field of the sun has reversed. It's flipped from the magnetic pole being aligned with the north rotational axis to the north magnetic pole being aligned with the south rotational axis. So not only the sunspots, but the entire sun reverses its magnetic field at the end of each cycle. Now, how do we know these are magnetic? Let's take a look at some of the things that we know. And there's two things here that we look at. One is the Zeeman effect, in which says that spectral lines can be split in the presence of a strong magnetic field. So when we take a spectrum of this and we take our observations right along here, so some parts of this are not in the sunspot and other parts are right in the sunspot, then we see the spectral line that we get. It's just one line when we're away from the magnetic field of the sunspot. One line over here, but it can split into three lines when you're right at the magnetic field. So that's one way that we can measure a magnetic field and we can actually measure the strength of the magnetic field in the sunspots because the amount of the splitting also depends on how strong the magnetic field is. Now, that's not the only way we can look at sunspots. We can, as being magnetic, we can also look at some of the magnetic loops that we get, which are the plasma flowing out from the sun and we can see little loops as we see here and here, which look much like we get four magnetic fields here on the Earth. If we have a bar magnet and some iron filings, you would get something quite similar to what we see here. So in this case, the magnetic field lines are invisible. We can't see those, but the plasma follows those lines and allows us to see them and how they connect sunspots together. So when you see little groupings like this, you can expect a sunspot group on either edge of those. And then the magnetic field line kind of looping in between them. Now, let's look at the pattern of that magnetic cycle and what we see here is, again, the magnetic cycle is 22 years, although the number of sunspots changes with a period of 11 years. Other things that change, not only the number of sunspots comes and goes with this period, but the location of the spots on the sun also changes. And this is seen in what we call the Maunder butterfly diagram. So down below, we can see that the sunspots change with the periods of about averaging 11 years or so. So about every 11 years, we get a peak of sunspots. However, the top one is showing where they appear during each cycle. So if you divide up these cycles here, then at the beginning of the cycle, they form at more northerly latitudes. At the end of the cycle, they form at more closer to the equator. So we get this pattern when we map out where the sunspots occur each time. So what we're seeing, again, is the positioning on the sun is changing. So where these sunspots actually occur will change over the course of the cycle. So very early in the cycle, they're very high and very late in the cycle, they're much closer to the equator, giving us this distinct pattern that we see each time and giving the impression, if you look at it sideways, of a bunch of butterflies in a line there, giving it its name as the butterfly diagram. Now, when we look at some of these sunspots, we see that they do tend to come in pairs and we do see them where they are. Now, here's where we see, you know, are they north or south? So let's take a look here. In this case, we can't see it, but you'd have perhaps the north spot leading and the south spot trailing. If we wait one more cycle and come around again, then we would see the next cycle, then we would get the south spot leading and the north spot trailing. And then after another cycle, we would get the same thing again. So because of this, we call the entire cycle is lasting 22 years, even though the number of sunspots come and go every 11 years. So let's look a little bit about how this works. What is going on inside the sun that is actually causing this to occur? And what we see is that the sun's magnetic field, we said that was the underlying cause of all of this activity, is formed by what we call the solar dynamo. And this is the layers of gas underneath the sun, which generate the electric currents, which when rotating form a magnetic field. Now, typically a magnetic field looks something like this. You have the south magnetic pole and you have the north magnetic pole and the magnetic field lines just form big loops around. And for something like the earth, that's exactly what happens. And you have everything rotating together. But remember that the sun rotates differentially. And what that means is that it's spinning faster at the equator. So over time, the areas, the magnetic field lines near the equator are moving faster. Those near the poles are moving slower. And the equator will lap the poles because of this differential rotation. Again, it's faster at the equator, slower at the poles. And over time, this tangles up the magnetic field. If it takes about, what is it? It's about 25 days for the sun to rotate at the equator and it takes about 36 days at the poles. So if we look at this, if we look at this rotation, then if we think about that, for every three rotations that occur here near the equator, we've only had two near the poles. So every 75 days or so, the equator has lapped the poles. And that pulls and tugs on those magnetic field lines. After another 75 days, it's lapped them again. And over the course of a year, it can lap them four or five times. And that starts to twist and tangle up the sun's magnetic field. And eventually, various parts of it will get so tangled up that they'll burst through, forming little regions of sunspot activity. And when those magnetic field lines burst through, they will slow down the energy transport or decrease it cooling off those areas of the photosphere, giving rise to the sunspots. Now when we look overall at the sunspot activity, it does have a very long-term changes as well. So what are the long-term cycles? When we look here, we do see that 11-year pattern. But we also note that there are some years where the sunspot activity was tremendous. And other years where while there was a peak, there wasn't very much occurring. There were not a lot of sunspots even at the peak. However, there is this one section here between about 1650 and 1700, which we call the Maunder Minimum. Typically, the minimum is what occurs in between the sunspot cycles when there's very few sunspots. However, in this area, there were essentially no sunspots on the sun for a period of many decades. So during that 50-year period, we had very limited numbers of sunspots. If you can look there, you might see a few little spots, but nothing much. Now we knew they were being looked for because we had detected spots, all sorts of that, all sorts of kinds before, going back to the time of Galileo in the early 1600s. And it was simply a time when there were no sunspots seen on the sun. This also gave us cooler temperatures on the earth at the time. So the solar activity, the more active the sun is, the warmer it is going to be, the more energy it is putting out. So when we get an area of low activity, then we are going to get correspondingly cooler temperatures here on the earth. So this was what is known as the little ice age in Europe. The little ice age in Europe. So we did see this correspondingly a decrease in temperatures here on the earth, which then of course thought as the solar activity started to pick up again later on. So how often does something like this occur? We have no idea. It's a big question mark there because we've only been able to really observe sunspots for about 400 years now. That's about all we know. We know that there are times when there are less and times when there are more and we have a somewhat regular pattern, but we don't know over tens of thousands of years accurately how often something like this would actually occur. So let's finish up with our summary. And what we find is that we talked about sunspots and they are the cool, dark regions on the photosphere of the sun. So on the visible surface, we see them as darker areas. They come and go in an 11 year cycle. However, we really talk about the entire magnetic cycle of the sun being 22 years long. And sunspots and other solar activity are all caused by the twisting and tangling of the solar magnetic field. So the differential rotation causes the magnetic field to twist and tangle, and that gives rise not only to sunspots, but other solar activity. So that concludes our lecture on the solar cycle. We'll be back again next time for another topic in astronomy. So until then, have a great day, everyone, and I will see you in class.