Yeah, I can. Awesome. Hello, everyone. Welcome to February's Master of Officers Hangout for English and Hindi. We've got a bunch of questions on the collections page, and we start taking questions from the live page also. So please go ahead and ask questions on the live YouTube event too. OK. So you can find the link on the collections page. I think it's like below your comment. Or maybe I can just post a link here.  OK. OK. Hey, Sanjit, if you have any live questions, feel free to stop us once we're done. OK, we'll start with the first question from David. OK, so it says, if my page contains external links to dil, if my page contains external links to different relevant pages on external sites, does it decrease or increase relevance of my page directly? Or does it not have any impact on rankings for specific topics or at all from the static on page factor? Do you look at this issue only from user perspective? OK, I think the question here is if I have a lot of external links to a lot of relevant pages, does it have any positive or negative impact on my ranking? I'd say it depends. I mean, let's say you are writing about some scientific piece. And then if you link to relevant sources, that will be considered as authoritative. On the other hand, if you are linking to some spammy kind of blogs just for the sake of getting, I mean, trading links to something, then it could affect your site negatively. It's all about what links are you using. And mainly, the key thing, given that you pointed out in your comment, it's about the user. If the user, if we think the user finds the article useful and the links are very authoritative and good, then that could be a positive thing for your page. Next one is, from a quality point of view, should I leave in the index only content that will help users solve the problem or the question they're searching for? Like this will be the best content in Google for this topic, and users can find what they're looking for on their website. So I'm not sure what this question meant. Yeah, so another question I'm searching for. And the user can find what they're looking for on their website. Then I'm going to decide what the problem is. I'm not really sure, David, what you exactly mean by leaving the index only content. If you can post. So I'm assuming, because he's asked about links previously, if we should not add links or something. But I mean, as far as links go, if it's relevant, so for links, what I would like to add is think about yourself as a user. When you're visiting a site, what kind of links do you expect from a good quality website or a page? When you're reading an article on an authoritative website, what kind of pages do they link to? Do you think they will link to low-quality, semi-pages, non-authoritative, or do they tend to link to more authoritative pages and stuff like that? So basically, if you want to show your content as credible, then you would link to credible sources as well. So that's the thing, basically. And if you have any follow-up questions or you want to post a clarification about your second question, then please feel free to do that and we'll call it that out. OK, we'll go to some of the live questions. So we have a question from Siddique Friendzone. Sir, what is the effect to SEO if there are a lot of links used in comments by users on my blog? So generally, comments we understand pretty well, the links that are coming from a comment section and that are coming from your content. But it's still like the common practice for most people do is they just no follow the links in comments. So we ignore those altogether. I think that's a very simple step most people take. So you can do that too. Yeah, and I mean, if you take good care of your comments and if there are like, for example, if you have an article and then 100 comments on that post and 95 of those are spamming, it's not a good thing. It's not a good user experience as well. So taking care of those comments is also a good practice. And as Asish mentioned, if you can just no follow to be on the same side, your comment section, that works as well. Hello, Ramesh. Yeah, hi. Hi, guys. Hello. So just want to follow up on this question. I mean, when you're saying, I mean, what about the content itself? I mean, the people actually posting comments or either in the form of, let's say, I mean, I have an e-commerce website, but people might be publishing some sort of, you can say, sometimes spam content and maybe sometimes it is relevant. I mean, how are people able to get that kind of content when users actually generate it? I mean, is it useful or we should, like, moderate it or how we should do it? So from a search engine perspective, like I said, we are getting far better at understanding what's the content on your page and what's the comments part. So just because there's spam in the comments of your site, it will not affect your actual content too much. But on the other hand, like Sayag mentioned, as for users, I think it's best if you can moderate it because, I mean, like, you know, if I want to start discussing something and if all I see is, you know, like work from home for like $50 a day or something like that, then I wouldn't like it, right? Like it will discourage me. I mean, depends. Like if the content is really good, I'll still go through one comment, but in some cases it could be discouraging. So I think obviously, like it should be both, you could both moderate it and also like no follow the link so that like Google just like completely doesn't take that into consideration. But on the other hand, at good comments can actually be a plus for your page also. So many times when sometimes people will, like, you know, for example, if you're searching for a used car and if someone typed something in the comments saying, this car has some issue or something. And if someone searching exactly for that issue, it may not be in your content, but it may be in your comments and that page could pop up. And I've seen that that's the case many times. For example, in these like team BHP forums and those kinds of things. So you see like the comments and the forum posts and those things keep showing up. So I mean, it's always, that was a bad example, but I mean, it's always, you could get a lot of good value out of user comments also. Like if there's good discussion going on your page, that's very useful for you. And if you moderate it so that there's no like spammy comments coming in between, like that could actually be a very huge plus for your website. Okay, we have, sorry, we'll take, and we have a question. Are you taking live questions? Yeah, sorry, we'll just take this one. We have a question from Vishal. Is it okay to use English and Hindi in brackets dash units in the ingredients section of recipes schema? Basically, can we use English and like, you know, in brackets, add some Hindi content also while adding ingredients in recipes schema? For example, like having turmeric powder and like haldi in brackets, and then like, you know, one teaspoons in the main page as well as in the recipes scheme. Or should I remove all Hindi words from the schema? So, okay, first things, first quality wise, this is not really an issue. So generally quality guidelines, I'm sure you can find them in our developers page, but for quality guidelines, most of the issues are when people are like, making like falsifying the count of reviews or if they're hiding certain, like hiding the schema from users, but Google can see. So that is not what we want, but on the other hand, if it's simply like, you know, adding an additional like language in your text or something, that's totally, in fact, this is a, I think this is text part of the schema. So it shouldn't really be an issue. In fact, I'd like encourage you to maybe like, this has nothing to do with quality, but you can have like one, if you have a create a test recipe and you know, have all of that in English and then have another test recipe in like, you know, English and Hindi brackets and see like which Google is picking and you can just like iterate and experiment and see what's the best, what makes the most sense for you. Right? Yeah. Anyone have questions? So yes, I want to ask one. Right. Yeah, all right. So I mean, we are showing AMP for basically your holistic pages and what is happening right now, so it is showing fine. And what we are observing that on our AMP pages, I mean, the bounce rate is really high. I mean, as compared to my novel listing page, but my AMP page is bouncing somewhere, you can say 80% or something like that, but I see when my category page is there has only, you can say 30 or 40% of the bounce rate. So I mean, is this something that we should be worried about like, I mean, my AMP starts showing too much of bounce rates, but I shouldn't use it coming to my category pages. So why is like, I mean, the difference is huge. I mean, AMP, like obviously AMP is pretty new, so we're still taking as much feedback as we can. I'm not sure, honestly, I'm not sure like why the bounce rate is higher for AMP pages. In fact, like since it opens up in a carousel, generally people can, okay, maybe it could just be that. So thing is AMP pages, many of them open in a carousel, right? So you read one article, but you can easily swipe and move to the next article. Maybe it's because of that. But our case in the e-commerce store, I mean, we don't have a carousel for, I mean, it's a normal listing. I mean, we just showing as an AMP icon on the search. So when people clicks on it, I mean, it just pops up within the Google window. And then when users actually want to interact on some product or something, they just land it to our mobile version. So that's the case. Okay, please, we'll take that feedback back. We'll take the feedback and give it back to the team. I'm not, honestly, I'm not sure why that's the case. Yeah, I think we are not even sure if it is AMP or something else as well. That you're seeing this bounce rate between these two things. There could be other reasons as well. So if you can investigate a little bit on your side and understand that would be great. Otherwise, we haven't heard about this from others. So I think, yeah. So this is not a known problem as of now for us at least. Yeah, if you can, I mean, we'll take this back. Yeah, if you want, I can show you the examples. I mean, I can share the screenshots and everything. If you can make a post on the product forum for AMP, we have a completely separate section in the product forum. Yeah. So you can just make a post there.  Sure, sure, we'll do it. We want to do the next question from someone from the live. Hi, guys. I posted the same thing on the forum also. So can I ask here? Yeah, yeah. So one thing is when I search for my brand name like UrbanPro in the right side, KnowledgeGraph, I'm getting a local listing. So the thing is we are like a gestile. We are a marketplace, but we're not a actual local business. So we match people in a local, at a locality level. That is the reason we kept our business page as a locality listing. So is this right or wrong? Because we are not doing business at our location, but we are coming in the KnowledgeGraph, which we don't want because we are getting a lot of footfalls, which is not the right thing for us. Right. So should we make the business page as a company or should I still keep it as a local business? Yeah, I mean, if it's not an actual local listing, I suggest not do that. You can still use Google My Business to create a business page. You just make it as, you just mentioned that it's an online business instead of, or yeah, you should just mention that it's an online business. I think that would work. Okay. I didn't find, is it there? I didn't find that. No, yeah, Google My Business. You can go to Google My Business. You can create business listings for your website. No, I already created it. I just, okay, fine. I'll check back and see if that is. Yeah, there is an option to make it, there is an option to mention that your business is online so that instead of us showing local listings for your website, we'd rather show either a brand page or some other thing. Right, and my second query is if I create a brand page like a Wikipedia page, then will this local listing go off or should I completely delete my local listing business page to get this deleted? So see, it's up to you. So like you said, you're getting a lot of footfalls that you do not want, right? Yeah. So, well, I mean, if you do not think the local listing has value, then might as well remove it because again, you do not want footfalls for your local listing, but you want your brand page to show up. So just check if you can mention that your business is an online business. And yeah, I mean, even if you do get footfalls, like what is the issue you're facing right now? I mean. So we match the mass tutors and mass tutors. So they come and ask me, okay, I want to learn mass for sure. Okay, okay, okay. Which we can learn. Yeah. Okay, the second query is, so now I don't have a Wikipedia page which got deleted. Now, what is the solution if I want to show some brand details like the founder description or something like that? Can I implement schema for my home page which will have description and other parameters? And when I implement that schema, will those come in the knowledge graph? So I think knowledge graph, while implementing schema can work, it's not guaranteed. So that's one thing to keep in mind. So I think there's a lot of factors that are taken into consideration, like the popularity and so on. I'm sure. But you can definitely implement schema around your business and organization basically describing. I'm sorry. The various properties of your business, definitely there is schema, which is supported by Google that you can use on your pages. Whether it is picked up and how it is shown in the search results is like completely dynamic. Okay, the thing is we implemented but that is not showing up. Is there something I could do so that my schema shows up in the knowledge graph? So all you can do is basically check if it is correctly implemented or not. If you find no errors, that means it is correctly implemented. However, as Ashish mentioned, it is not a guarantee that we will show that schema on search results pages. Sometimes it may be shown, sometimes it may not be shown or it may not be shown at all. Yeah, so that's not a guarantee. And it's basically about algorithms that make those decisions on the fly. So, yeah, you never know. Yeah, but I mean like if your page is like really popular, then it makes sense to show it for Google also because like, you know, users would want something in the knowledge graph. But generally, like if for popular pages that users are looking for, unless there's not too many technical issues, it should show up in some point, I guess. Okay, okay. I have one more query. So when I search for math tutors in Bangalore, I get a lot of listings. One of them is myprivateutor.com, okay? Now, myprivateutor.com is implementing schema at a city level, right? According to the Google's guidelines because you have to implement schema only for a thing or a product, right? But not at an aggregate level. I do not think so there's only like five or six schemas that we are currently supporting. It's events, I think recipes. Or recipes, recipes. Yeah, yeah. But it's not, if you implement schema, it's not really, like if you're implementing schema that we are not supporting, it's not really a negative thing. I mean, it's not, we're not gonna, there's no penalty or anything of that sort. It's just that you... Because I got penalty. The same thing we did last year in the July month and we got penalized after we have taken the schema at a city level because city level is an aggregation of all the individual schemas. Then the penalty was gone. Now, my competitor, my privateutor is implementing the same thing. And because of that, I can see higher CTRs for this guy. Obviously, when we implemented the schema also, we got a higher CTR. So let us understand this better. So what is this site about, basically? It's also same. They match the tutors and students. So if you want a mass tutor in Bangalore, they'll give you a list of mass tutors. It's a listing page. And then it means schema on the listing pages. Yeah, the implemented schema on the listing page, which is not the right thing as per the Google. Okay, yes. So it will have to be one specific standard that you can implement from the on. So if you want a mass tutor in Bangalore, they'll give you a list of tutors. It's a listing page. It means schema on the listing page. Sorry, I didn't mean to. Yeah, so yes. So it cannot be a category page or something like that. It will have to be a one specific product or whatever. And if they're implementing it. Yeah, so of course, I mean, first of all, if the schema falls into the category that we do not support, then of course we will not, I mean, it doesn't make any difference. Yeah, even if we, I mean, even if we don't penalize or penalize, it doesn't matter if we are, like if you're implementing schema for something, we do not support. Because I mean, like if we are penalizing you for, like if there is any action taken on a page for, if it's implementing rich snippets badly, it will only affect the rich snippets part of your website. It won't really affect like, you know, how your website is ranking in search and those kind of things. It will only affect the rich snippets part. So if it's something that we do not support at all, then whether, like, I mean, even if we do not penalize, it won't really affect that website positively. But again, like you said, so I think it's more to do with like how the listings are showing, like the titles and those kind of things in search rather than like outright location listings. So he's click through right because of that. Is that what you mean? Yeah, I would like to disagree with you because when you implement schema, you have the star ratings in the reviews because of which there is a higher CTR. I mean, I got the same thing when I implemented schema at a category level or the listing. Yeah, okay, reviews are relevant here. Yeah, so when you have a reviews, right, you get a higher CTR. When you have a higher CTR, there's a probability that they come up in the higher search, higher position, right? But now my competitor, he was not there before at that top position. And after implementing schema, he came up at the top position because he stand out from any other search results in terms of star rating as a reviews, which is not a right thing as per the Google guidelines. Now what should I do in this instance? I mean, like you can definitely help us, like, you know, if just you can report that page and then we'll take a look at it because like obviously it's sometimes, not sometimes many times, there's a lot of spam on search that we are not catching yet. That's- Okay, where can I report it as spam? Yeah, you can report it as spam. If you think it, of course, everything that's reported will not be taken action on again. We cross check it against the guidelines and if it's spam or not. But yeah, like report spam, I'm not sure why some people think we do not look at it, but we definitely take a look at most of all the spam reports that are done. But yeah, that's one thing you can do. But again, like Sayed mentioned, generally any schema that you implement, we only look at it for like a single product or something for categories and listings, a page full of listings. Schema is, like it clearly violates a guideline. If you have like reviews for like 10 different pages. That is a clear case of violation. So if you can report it, that's great. Okay, but I was going to one suggestion that I can create this independent page which has all the ratings in all the individual reviews. So then I can implement schema for the listing page. If I can show all the ratings in all the reviews, then can I implement schema for the listing page? No, I think that would still be the violation. So it's- You have some particular single listing. You want to show relevant reviews for that listing only. Okay. Yeah, so if you have- Fine, go ahead, thank you. If you get listings across your website, that is clear violation. Understand it in simple terms. Basically, I mean it is not for any category or listing stages, but it is for one item only. And that one item should be the primary content of your page. It should not even be secondary content or part of just a corner of a page, you know? So it has to be the primary content of your page and it has to be one item. Okay, okay. Sorry, we'll have to take a lot of other questions. So- Thanks, thanks. Go ahead and like follow up on the community. Ashish, yeah. So I mean with the follow-up, this question only I have some, you can say we also have a category pages and I mean it is a e-commerce website and I know I mean it is not possible to put the review and the rating kind. How is it possible to, I mean to, if you can include a price rate scheme where I can actually give the products about dresses, I can show it my minimum price, price page is this and the maximum price range is this within my this particular category. Can I do that one? You mean for a product, can you show a price range? For the category. For the category. I don't think that is supported as far as I know. So if at all it is supported, that should be there on our health center documentation. But as far as I know, we don't have a provision for providing any kind of schema for- Yeah, I think this is simple to like, you know, if it's supported, it's fine. If it's not, it's fine. So I mean, we can just check that like off the top. For hotels and stuff, for example, if there is a room ranging between whatever, then that type of schema is supported. Yeah. So I mean exactly is the case. I mean, for example, we have a category, let's say for one particular article and let's say the minimum price of that, one of the product, let's say 1,000 rupees and one of the product one within that category it has let's say 5,000 rupees. So I mean, it can be range from 1,000 to 5,000 and there is a schema for this one price schema. If we just include offer and then include that kind of thing it's so offer range, price range, then we can actually include it.  I mean, is there a kind of negative effect of you can implement that one? Not really. So in this case, the schema is available definitely, but if Google is not supporting that yet to showing the search results, then it would not have any impact basically, you know? Yeah. So yeah, if it is supported, then of course, it's a, you can definitely connect it. Okay. Hello, Syed. Yeah, go ahead. Hello. Okay, so, I have a question regarding the data, discrepancy in analytics and the master. I'm trying to connect with you guys in the last channel. I'm watching right now. Sorry. Parampri, I'm muting you. I have also. Please unmute yourself if you have a question. Sorry. Yeah, go ahead. Sorry. Yeah, go ahead. So basically, I have also shared the link of that product forum link in this Hangout chat from the name of Shobit. Looking into this means. Sorry. I do not see the link. Uh, it's in that post in the comments actually. Okay. What is that? So the issue basically is we are seeing a lot many clicks in Webmaster and the analytics is showing lesser sessions. So how is it possible? No, no, you're seeing a lot many clicks where? In Webmasters and analytics is showing means lesser sessions. 5,000 to 5,000. Webmaster tools are cancelled. You're seeing some clicks which are not reflected in analytics. In analytics, yeah. We have checked the analytics code and the implemented it once again. But the sessions in analytics is lesser than the clicks in Webmasters. Okay. So, yeah. So, this is what ideally. Sorry. Ideally, what my understanding is when someone clicks on via Google, it gets recorded in Webmaster. When someone closes on the service on the website, multiple sessions. So ideally, there shall be lesser session, lesser clicks in Webmasters and more clicks in analytics. Ideally. So what I see is approximately 80, 82 K clicks in Webmaster in a month and approximately 68,000 clicks in analytics. So that is something I cannot understand. So please help me out with this. And there are no filters that are applied in your analytics data, is it? No, no, no. The filters applied means I have checked the filters as well. So what I can see is 20 clicks which are not getting recorded in the filter. From the same IP means the company is happy. Don't mind. Can you post the product form link in this chat here or something? I do not see the link here. And this is something that probably, we can take a better look and answer it directly there. What I have done is in your last post on this Google Webmaster page, the post you made yesterday, I have pasted the link of that for them today here with the Xenna's name on the ID of show with Xenna. Okay, okay. Yeah. If I can contribute to it, I mean, most people in Google are adding something that it's not showing the full data because most of these content are not provided one. I mean, you are only getting actually seen in the master tools of the search console. So I mean, it's, you will see better numbers in search console instead of the Google analytics, yes. I mean, when seeing the keyword query kind of basis, yes, definitely you will see less data analytics as compared to the search console. Yeah, again, we are not really experts on analytics. We know the basics, but right. So I mean, if you post it, maybe like we'll just take a look and search analytics, definitely. I mean, if it is from Google search, then of course you will not see it in search analytics. But the number of sessions shall be there, I guess. Means yes, I mean, analytics will not provide, means all of the data, but it will provide the sessions, the numbers only. Yeah, I'm not. Yeah, analytics is providing right now. Okay, another question I have is, we have launched a new product. So means in that product, what I can see in webmasters is some good 300, 400, 200 something odd clicks in this last 20 days. And in the query section, when I see in the query section, so I can see only 35 or something clicks on the keywords. So means it is not providing even 20% of the data. So is there any bug or means it happens like this only? Now, where are you seeing those 300 clicks? In webmasters, when I have applied the filter for that particular page, so I can see total 200 something clicks. And when I check the queries and clicks on those queries, so I can, what I can, on summing those numbers, I can see some 35 something clicks out of those 200 something reflected at the top. So is this something a bug or means webmasters reflect data like this only? Your page will be receiving clicks for other queries as well. So all queries are there actually. Okay, so when you- So you're selecting those queries? No, so you're saying you're summing up all the data for all the queries that you're looking for and that is not matching up? Yeah, that's not matching up. Even that's not even 25%, 35 out of 200. Okay. 200 something. What are you saying was probably, I mean, you know, there may be some queries that you might be missing. I mean, that's a possibility. Your page may be receiving traffic for other queries as well is what I'm saying. That webmaster is not reflecting at the time. Sorry? The queries are not reflected by webmaster at the time? No, those queries should be reflected in your search console account. Yes. They're just showing only five keywords that are giving me clicks. Okay, for that. All keywords, as tall keywords are getting the impression but they're not giving any clicks. Keywords. So basically, you have to check the data and then when you sum it up from the words and for the page, there are two different separate, different numbers. Is that it? Yeah. Okay. So what I would request you is post this in our product forum so that, you know, we can basically take a closer look and understand exactly what might be happening there. I'll update the thread over there. It means I have posted the query. So I'll update the thread and share with you on the same chat. Okay. Sorry guys, like we'll take a few questions from the chat. So, Sure. Sure. Okay. We have two, one question. My website has Hindi and English content from, this question is from E-Lesson. My website has Hindi and English content. How do I tell Google which page has which content? Okay. Mr. E-Lesson. So if you have, you know, different English pages and different Hindi pages, then like Google can, I mean, like, of course you can have, you can set HTTP language headers, but that is not really an issue. Google can recognize which is Hindi and which is English. But if you have the same content in English and Hindi, that's when what we recommend is adding an HDLang tag. So you basically add an HDLang tag on both pages telling that, okay, this page is HDLang English, but there's an alternative page in Hindi at this location. You can mention that using the HDLang tag. And you'll do the same thing on the Hindi page also. You'd mention that like this is the Hindi page for your content and the alternate English version of it is in, is at this location using the HDLang tag. So you can just read up on how to use HDLang tags and that will help you. Okay, take the next question from Kurram Baik. Okay, oh, okay, you're here, okay. How to improve ORM? One of my competitors published article against my website and services. Unfortunately, that link is lining on first position, so please tell me how to remove that link from Google. So ORM is online reputation management, right, if I'm not wrong. Okay, first things first, you cannot remove someone else's link from Google unless they take it down or unless it's like a code order that requires like, you know, it's like a big legal thing or copyright or DMC or whatever. So on the other hand, like if they do remove you, the only way for us to remove something is like if they take it down.  So again, like online reputation management, I think it's from our side, what we can suggest is like, you know, create content from your website, mentioning, you know, why that is wrong, I guess, I'm not sure. Yeah, so we do have some guidance on how to manage your online reputation. There are some things or solutions that we have listed out, do check those out. And in these scenarios, basically, it is not in our hands to do anything with that content. You can work with your competitor or whoever has posted that content to take that down. Once they take it down, it will be gone from Google search automatically as well. So that is one thing, but if they are not willing to take that down or whatever, then probably you can think of other ways like trying to post content that is positive on your side or maybe there could be some people who are willing to post what good experiences they have had with your business or with you or whatever, right, reviews about you or whatever. And you can also take on to social media, for example, to build your reputation and stuff like that in a genuine way. So these are some of the things and there are other guidance that we also have on our help center. So do check that out as well. Yeah, and also in general, we are also working on improving our search results. So we do not show everything. We try to show diverse set of results so that people can get different opinions. Like it's something that we are working on, like, you know, improving search results in general. Yeah, so for them, if they are not replying to emails and they're not willing to take that down, then of course, this is something that we cannot take any action against unless those pages themselves are violating any of our quality guidelines. If they are not, then they are just a normal page and if algorithms are ranking them, then it means that that page is being valued somewhere for some queries, that is why it is ranking. So, yes, as we already made suggestions that you can create content on your website or maybe some other places on the internet explaining things in your favor, whatever, how you want to do it. Yeah, so just to give some background on why this is actually a very hard problem. So, like, we do not really want to get into, like, fights between who's saying the correct thing and who's saying the wrong thing, right? So there could be a lot of people criticizing a business and if we start taking down everything that, you know, people say, okay, he's criticizing my business, he's criticizing my business and this is affecting my sales. Whether that's wrong or right, that's not really a decision we want to make. Clearly because, you know, like we do not know anything about it. So, unless, like, you know, there's a court order saying this is like a copyright issue or it's like some legal issue, honestly, we cannot take down someone else's web page. It would be violating Google's court guidelines of free speech and so on. So that is not possible. Yeah, so what Aziz is trying to say is basically we do not have any authority over what is the content on the internet in general, unless there are like legal issues and we have court orders or something like that. So we have no authority to take down anyone's content just like that based on someone else's suggestions or requests. So that is something we cannot do. We'll take, like, okay, we have two questions from Saurabh and Paramthrit, which we'll take in order. So first one from Saurabh, how to implement AMP on my website? How is it important for Google rankings? Is the AMP give serious impact on Google rankings? So implementing AMP on your website, like if you're using any CMS or something, many CMSs have like good plugins that will help you do it automatically for you. And we also have like a lot of guidelines, which is, you know, it's kind of hard to tell those in during the hangout, but you can like check out all our like implementation guidelines, we have like nice videos also that explain how to do it. But for how is it important for Google rankings? Right now, I do not think it, there's any like, there's no ranking factor in AMP. So it's just that, like, you know, we're just picking up the top results that are already implemented AMP and we're showing those. So right now, AMP has nothing to do with rankings. I have no idea if like, you know, we had planned to do anything in the future, but the bigger thing for AMP is like, if you're already ranking, AMP will help you get the content to your users quicker. And like, you know, it will, it will, because we are storing AMP cache, as far as I've checked, like, you know, you can get the pages loaded under the second or two. So like, that's the biggest advantage for AMP. And I don't think right now there's any, there's no ranking impact right now at this moment. It's more like, if you're already ranking, and if you implement AMP, it's, it will show up. We'll take this question of Paramprit.  How to win with fresh content, when any big news comes, big plays are also posting in the website. How, me, as a small website, can have huge response in terms of Google Perfect. Right? Okay, so yeah, so, I mean, think of it like this. I mean, when you are searching for something on Google, what sites do you expect to see?  Would you like to see that as a top result, or would you see some authoritative resources? I mean, would you like to read from them?  So of course, if you're in a space where there are a lot of established players already, very credible, very authoritative, who have built communities around their websites or their brands and things like that, and if they are very well known, it may be definitely a little bit difficult for you to push them down and rank over them. That's an obvious thing. So I think the first thing we should understand is we should set the expectations right for ourselves. And in spaces like this, especially news and things like that, you may have to build your reputation and there are tons of other ways beyond search engines that you can use to build a community, build your authority and credibility online by using social media or whatever. So try to engage your users in whatever content you're giving and then try to give unique perspectives with citing credible sources and things like that, that people start to value and start discussing. And if you're even triggering any valuable discussions online, that will also catch a, I mean, interest of a lot of people that track a lot of people to your website and then people will start engaging with your content. So that is how you build your brand basically. And then people start recognizing you and then you can see some effect in service. Also, one important thing is this is only the case for news reports as they come. Many of them have, many websites write up their reports on something based on a single news report. So on the other hand, for example, if you look at sports news, obviously there will be, like for India, maybe it'll be full of NADV, ESPN and whatnot for maybe a cricket match. On the other hand, there are definitely, like for Google news and if you will see a lot of options like in-depth and so on. So you can always implement news schema for if you're a news website and for each, obviously like this is just a suggestion. So for each news story, if you write something that's like an in-depth piece that maybe comes a day or two after like all these guys already published their news, but something that's completely different will definitely be more valued than having the same news just with your style of writing on it. So that will actually add more value and in fact, like Said said, those kind of pieces where you're bringing a lot more to the discussion will be useful in say social media websites or something. Like how do you want to do that? That's like completely up to you, but that's one of the things that generally works for like if someone's starting out new, if you're focusing on specific niche topics and if you're trying to like build quality content there, that's something that we definitely want to show because if you notice in news generally, like for one news, we'll show like four or five articles and everything else is grouped under it. On the other hand, like if your content is completely like around that topic, but it's completely different, it's an in-depth piece or something, there's a good chance it can be shown separately. And also news results, like we keep refreshing and news, news, if you have new sitemap implemented, if I'm not wrong, like we crawl them very, very frequently, like in matter of minutes, I think. So in those cases, like fresh content, for example, if users have already seen like the already published content that they are too after that, if people are still searching for it and looking for like no more in-depth pieces or something, then that's where like, you can see, you can have your website show up for those things. Ashish, is there any possibility of having a website featured in the, you can say one box where, I mean Google show is the top news section from other publishers, I mean, I've seen that many people have actually implemented AMP on their content pages, basically either it can be a blog or the news are because they actually get featured in that kind of position. And again, like one box is, there's no particular schema or something that you can implement for one box, one box is more like it's automatically pulled. Like if you've seen like the featured snippets for like, you know, any question you're asking or in general, the in the news section or those kind of things. All those are automatically pulled. So there's no like guidelines we have for those. It's the same thing that we try saying, generally, you know, like have like great and difference in diverse content. Unfortunately, that's like the only thing I can say. There's really no guidelines that are there for like, like having your content in the news section and so on. You have any? Um, not a lot. So we have a lot of questions. All right. So if we just ask another question, I mean, Google recently started showing the Carousel photo where the various queries that is in terms of best or maybe the top, something like that. I mean, many people are observing that somebody is searching for the best SEO companies. So I mean, Google starts showing the Carousel of let's say top, you can say 10 or maybe 20 websites on the top of the Carousel. You can actually just see the list of the websites. So I mean, how Google actually showing that kind of thing. I mean, if you just wanted to get featured one of that place, so I mean, how should we do it? So, where exactly is it showing on the top or is it like a local listing section? Because I just- No, it isn't the top. It isn't the top. I mean, just after it does search box. Yeah, I do not think it's not right now. So it is not, I mean, why not is not available for the India?  So I mean, just I'm seeing the US results mostly. Okay, I'm not sure about that, sorry. So you're basically saying that there are sites that are reviewing these agencies and then we are showing them in the search results? Not exactly the reviews. I mean, if you just search for the best SEO companies or maybe the best to, you can say, shipping platform or the best website builder or something like that, you will see the crowdsourge on top. Just like, I mean, if you search for any particular movies, you will see there's a very general, for the same, generally, I mean, Google shows the kind of different movies. I mean, similarly, Google now shows up with this kind of crowdsourge with the other terms.  Yeah, honestly, I'm not sure, like, why exactly they're picking those. Yeah, maybe we can get back on this. Yeah, sure. Said mentioned, like, we have a lot of questions on the chat box, so. Bharath Kumar has a question. If I move my site, old site to new one, same content on both sites, does it affect ranking? Like duplicate content? So site moves, if you do it perfectly, generally, there's no problem. So only thing is, when people are making site moves, site moves, they generally make a lot of mistakes. So we have a lot of good guidance for making, you know, proper site moves, like, just follow that and you should be fine. So, well, we have a question from Gola Mustafa. I have added SSL in my website. After adding SSL, my website ranks falling down. Why is it happening? Can you tell me please? Okay, adding just, like, you know, just if there is no other change to your website, and if you add SSL, honestly, it's a positive from our side because we have a ranking signal for HTTPS. So if you have HTTPS implemented, if your site is secure, we consider that better than, like, you know, similar website with same content that does not have HTTPS. So that too is definitely not the issue for, you know, your site going down and ranking or so. But maybe you can check, like, you know, if the performance of your site has gone down, like, if your page speed has, like, if there's some issue with the implementation which caused the page speed to go down drastically, if your site is not loading quickly enough, can use, or we have various tools, like page speed insights and so on, that you can just use to check. So, again, like, from just your question now, we're not sure, like, why that's happening, but, like, I mean, if you can check page speed and if there's no issue with page speed, if the page is loading fine, but it's just a straight out drop, maybe, like, post it in the forum and we can take a look. There might be chances, like, I mean, he might be not redirecting from HTTPS to HTTPS and might be possibly they don't have, like, the separate new property for the HTTPS in their search console itself. So then Google can prefer which one version to pay. Yeah, I mean, like, I mean, assuming everything is done properly, that is definitely not the case for why this site has gone down. And again, like, just from that two sentences, we cannot make any assumptions, so I'd rather submit the website in product forum, I guess. Okay, we have a question from Marchinton. So if I add reviews, pagination and some other data only for bots and hide it from visitors, is it considered wrong? I don't think it will hamper as those details are in schema and they are able to see the rating on Google search and site. However, I'm not able to see in the coding resource. No, we do not want, users should be able to see whatever review, like whatever review count or the rating or whatever, they should be able to see it both on your website and in the source code and Google also. So it shouldn't be any different between Google and users. You cannot hide a schema for your users, but show it to Google. That's the violation of our guidelines. It's because we want it to be transparent for users who are looking at a particular page. They should be able to cross verify which be able to see that particular rating on that particular website. But if you mean that you want to hide your JavaScript code or whatever from your source, you do not want to allow people to do what I play, can be your source or things like that, then that may be okay. But unless they are able to see that schema, as you have mentioned, like both on Google search and site, if they are able to see that rating so whatever reviews and things like that, on your pages, I mean, that is good. So basically, policy violation would be when you are allowing bots to crawl the schema and it is showing up in the, for example, the search results. But when people land on your page, they're not able to see the ratings or not able to rate, for example, or not able to see the reviews, that's a policy violation. But if you disable the right click on your page, for example, just so that people are not able to see the source code of your pages, then that is something that you can decide for yourself. Yeah, maybe like you can elaborate on exactly what it is. So you're still here in the... Yeah. Okay, we have a question from Parampreet. How to exactly divide the articles of different words like 300 to 500, 300, 3000? So at Google also said small pages website because many pages for news like that, how to diversify the content. Okay, first things first, there's no word limit on a particular page. So there's no ranking difference between a website containing 300 pages and 3000, sorry, 300 words and 3000 words. So it all depends upon the content. So, I mean, if you have a lot of content on a particular page and user is searching for that, then we'll show it. I mean, even if that what user is searching for, if it's just like three lines or four lines and if it's relevant to what he's looking for. So, if someone's, for example, if you're offering maybe like JavaScript lessons or something and if you wrote something about like EventListener or something like that, you wrote a code on how something works, then if someone is searching for exactly that snippet, even if it's just three or four lines, because a lot of people are finding it useful, your content is good, we'll serve that. So, what is there in the content is important rather than like the word content. Cannot stress that more because like, what the relevance of the content to the query and like general quality of the content is more important than how many words it is. Obviously, like, there are a lot of pages that generally focus on having small articles, but just because you have big articles, that's not a negative against those pages with small articles. It all depends upon like what you want your users to, what do you want to convey to you? That's the bottom. And the second part of the question, like how to diversify the content to get the best results on all pages. Okay, one way, I mean, if you, like obviously a lot of people have small articles not because, you know, it is good for search results, it's more that, you know, sometimes they can think, people may lose interest on something, they cannot, like most of the users may not read such long articles. That is a far more common reason that people may use for having short articles rather than having long. So, the diversifying the content, I mean, that's like up to you. So, you have a lot of covering a lot of topics, and if you think it's more useful to have the same topic split down into like multiple pages and have different articles around that topic, so that, you know, your users can, like read small parts of the article without like burning out or something. Again, those things, it's up to how you want to structure your website, what do you want your users to see, what is your user base also? I mean, are you expecting a lot of users who will want to read short content, are you expecting just a niche group of users who are interested in long pieces that like help them read something in one flow? It's not really bad to have like, let's say one topic divided in four articles, okay? And you have like covering something in each of those four articles, and then one big article that consolidates the whole thing and like, there's nothing wrong with having it in that format. So, it's not really considered duplicate content because in one article, you're consolidating everything and giving a more like comprehensive view of that full topic rather than like, you know, parts, parts of it in different articles. Again, it's all about how we structure it. Sorry, we are out of time, so we'll take like just one question from Mahitendra. I'm seeing frequently fluctuations in crawl stats on my website. No changes have been done. I want to know the factors which affect crawl stats and kilobytes download per day. Can you help giving some guidance on this? So, crawling is done automatically and it's, we have a bunch of systems that decide like how frequent you want to crawl a particular website based on, you know, how frequently the content is being updated, the type of content on your website and so on. So, I mean, it's rather than like looking at how to increase crawl stats in kilobytes, like just ask yourself, is it necessary in the first place? Like what type of content it is? And like, you know, look at it from that perspective. Like, I mean, simply getting Google to crawl your page multiple times, if the content is just a blog post or something that will not really help you, right? In fact, like if you want something to, if you want to force crawl something, you can always request a FHS Google request. So, again, like if you can shed more light on like what exactly is your content and if it needs to be crawled more frequently and so on. So, you can set up restrictions on crawl frequency in Webmaster Tools, but to increase crawling speeds and so on, that is completely automatic. You cannot make changes to that. That depends upon your content and so on. Okay, we'll take one last question from Bilal. I want to add some pages on my site in French, which is right now in English, which is better. My site.com, my blog.com, my blog.com, my blog.com. So, we have a lot of big articles, I think on our help center, that explains like the pros and cons of having different language websites under the same domain, but different directories or under the same, like having different sub-domains or having completely different sites altogether. So, there's a lot of factors to consider like cost, maintenance, ease of, you know, sorry, like how easy it is to maintain and generally like adding site maps and those kind of things. So, I'd recommend like go through the help center article on setting up websites, sorry, setting up different language websites. From a ranking perspective, we don't have a preference. Whatever works for you, if you implement it correctly and then also tell us the relationship between your English pages and French pages, that should be fine. It generally says I have submitted site map on the must lose account around 60 to 75 days ago, what status is shown in the pending, whereas it before gets submitted within a few days. Like maybe can you check if the site map, if you're able to crawl the site map properly, if there's any issues with us, like, you know, accessing your site map, like you can just use a French as Google request. Okay, yes, it mentioned no issues. What about the like actual pending URLs? Wait, is the site map submission itself, is that pending? Okay, so generally what happens is, so if you have abc.com and if you also have like a subdomain, but let's say you have this blogspot.com and then there is abc.blogspot.com and if you verify your like, you know, abc.blogspot.com, but you do not, you haven't verified the like actual subdomain, sorry, actual root domain, then if you submit a site map for root domain, it will not be possible, but you're saying you submitted the same site map previously, is that correct? Okay, this is happening after migrating site from H, you have to verify your HTTPS version also. You cannot submit, so if you have http.blogspot.blogspot.com and then you have https.blogspot.com, if you have verified http.blogspot.com, but you haven't which verified the HTTPS section separately, then you cannot submit a site map for the HTTPS, you cannot submit a site map for HTTPS without verifying that particular website. So generally if all versions are verified and you're submitting the site map for those, it's not really an issue, there shouldn't be an issue. So maybe just submit it in, no, yeah. Can you submit it in our community or product forums? We can take a closer look. As long as it's verified, there shouldn't be any issue. Like if it's verified, if Google can access the site map, there shouldn't be any issues. I mean, at least pending issues shouldn't come. You should see something like if there's some warning or something, you should be able to see it, but pending issues shouldn't be seen. Okay, I've seen. Okay, I'll follow up on your product forum link. Sorry guys, we are well out of time. We'll take, see you guys after a month. And if you're looking at, so if you're joining the Hindi hangout, if you can speak Hindi, we also have a hangout in about two weeks, I think. And post that we'll have another hangout in a month. I think generally we have English on a monthly basis or we have two hangouts on a monthly basis, one in Hindi and one in English. We do not have set timelines because sometimes we may be out of office or something like that, so. But we will generally try and start announcing at least a week in advance from now on. All right, so see you guys. All right, let's say goodbye, Ashish. Sorry if I didn't answer your question, just post them on the community like out of time. Bye, stream.


Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to Unizor Education. I would like to go a little bit deeper into area. And as usually I will use some problems to basically demonstrate the educational material which I wanted to present here. Okay, so I have six problems here which I have symbolically described as this, actually mathematicians like symbols. For instance, this is basically my symbolical representation of the problem number one, which I'm going to do right now, that the area of a circumscribed polygon is equal to half of the perimeter times radius of inscribed circle. So, let's just do this type of drawing. This is my circumscribed perimeter polygon, or if you wish, a circle which is inscribed into a polygon. Every side of the polygon is a tangent. So, the area of this particular polygon is half of the perimeter times radius of the inscribed circle. So, if these are the size of the polygon, half of the perimeter is a plus b plus c plus d plus e over 2 times r. That's what basically it means. Now, how can that be proved? Oh, by the way, I forgot to tell you, if you did not really try to solve these problems yourself, please stop listening to me and try to do it right now. And only then, after you familiarize yourself with the problems, go back to this particular presentation. So, how can that be proven? Actually, it's a very easy problem. Connect every vertex with center of the circle. Now, obviously, the area of the polygon is equal to sum of the areas of these triangles. Now, every triangle has the area which is half of the base times altitude, right? So, let's draw an altitude. Now, this is the perpendicular from the center of the circle to a tangent, which means it's always a radius. Because perpendicular to a tangent is always the point, it goes to a point of tangents. Same thing here. So, these are all radiuses. r, r, r, r, r. So, the area of this triangle, for instance, is a times r divided by 2. Area of this triangle is b as a base times altitude plus b times r over 2 plus, et cetera. The last one is e times r over 2. And if you will summarize this factor out, r, you will get exactly this. So, that's an easy problem. Wiping it out. Next problem. Using my symbolism is, given a triangle and we have to construct a square, the area of which is equal to the area of triangle. Alright, how can we do this? So, we have a triangle. Well, which means we have the base and the altitude using which we can always calculate what the area is. And the area is equal to a times h divided by 2, right? Now, what we would like to do is, we have to construct a square with the side x. And the area of which is equal to x squared, right? x times x. So, we have to find x, which is equal to a times h over 2. Or, considering we know h, we know h divided by 2, let's call it b. So, I'm sorry, that's square. So, we have to find x, that x squared is equal to a b. Now, this is the problem which we have solved many times before. And the way how to do it, if you remember, if you have the right triangle and you have an altitude dropped to hypotenuse, then we have basically proven many times that considering the similarity of these triangles, a times b is equal to h squared. Or, if you wish, a divided by h is equal to h divided by b from the similarity of these triangles. The proportionality of the sides. Which is actually the same thing which we have to do. So, we have to find x, we have to construct the right triangle where the altitude divides the hypotenuse into known segments. Now, how to do this? Again, we did it before many times. First, you have to use a plus b as a hypotenuse and draw a circle on this as a diameter because this is the locus of all points from which this particular segment is viewed at 90 degrees. So, these are all different right triangles which can be built with a plus b as a hypotenuse. And then, this point, you know this point since you know a and b. You just draw the perpendicular and these two points on the circle give you two different triangles which both have exactly the same altitude, which is equal to the x. That's simple. Now, not all of these problems are simple by the way. There is one complex one but we didn't really reach it yet. It will be problem number five. Okay, so now we are number three. So, if you have a polygon, now we have to construct a triangle which has the same area as a polygon. So, that's the test. Alright, so here is our polygon. And I think we must actually say that we have a convex polygon. Now, how can I construct a triangle which will have the same area as this particular polygon? What I will do is I will construct another polygon with the number of vertices one less than the one which we have right now. Fortunately, we have some construction. So, sorry about the noise. So, anyway, so how can I reduce the number of vertices without changing the area? Okay, very simple. A, B, C, D. Let's jump over one particular vertex and connect A to C. And the vertex which we jumped over will draw a parallel line to A, C. Now, any triangle which has A, C as a base and the third vertex on this parallel line like this one, for instance, will have exactly the same area as A, B, C. Why? Because A base is the same and altitude is the distance between these two parallel lines, it's also the same. So, the area is the same. So, if the area is the same what I will do, I will choose one particular point, not this one, but this one. So, I'm making this line, Ae, continue until it crosses my parallel line. Now, this triangle, let's call it B' This triangle, A'A, B'C, is exactly the same area as A, B, C. As I said, the same base and the altitude is also the same because it's the distance between two parallel lines. But, since B'Ae is one straight line, we have basically reduced the number of vertices from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to 1, 2, 3, 4. A is no longer a vertex, right? Because B'E is the straight line. So, now we have this which has exactly the same area as before, but now it has one less vertex. Well, we can do exactly the same thing again. Let's say I connect C and E now, jump over B, so now I draw a parallel line. Now, every triangle which has exactly the same base, Ce, and exactly the same altitude as the distance between these two parallel lines as E, B'C has, would have the same area. So, I will continue this line and draw the double prime. Now, B''B2, if you wish, Ce triangle and B'Ce have exactly the same base and exactly the same altitude, which is the distance between these two parallel lines. So, the areas are the same, which means my triangle B'Ce has exactly the same area as quadrangle B'Ce. So, I am reducing the same, I am reducing again the number of vertices by 1 having the area the same. So, now I have a triangle. So, that's how I have reduced from the polygon with 5 sides to a polygon with 3 sides. Now, no matter what kind of polygon I have, 6 sides, 27 sides, whatever it is, using this process I will construct eventually a triangle, because in every step I am reducing the number of vertices by 1 and eventually I am getting the triangle, which has exactly the same area as the original polygon. Now, next, we have two squares and we have to build another square which has the area equal to their sum, or they are different actually, I have two problems here. Okay, that's simple. Remember the theory of Pythagorean theorem. If you have the right triangle, then this square plus this square is equal to this square. So, if we have two different squares, initial squares, all we have to do is use their sides as two-catchity of the right triangle, and then the k-partinals would be exactly the side of the square which has the area equal to sum of these two areas. So, basically we are talking about constructing the right triangle by two-catchity, which we know how to do. Now, if you want to do the difference, how to construct a square which has the area equal to the difference between the area of two-given squares. Well, then one given square is supposed to be built on the k-partinals and another is built on the k-catchity. So, again, we have reduced our problem to a problem of constructing the right triangle by k-partinals and k-catchity, and we also know how to do it. So, that's very simple. Alright, and now we are approaching a difficult problem. Now, difficult in, well, not in some ideological sense, difficult because probably we will all know how to do it, but there are a certain number of calculations involved and I will attempt to do it without making any mistakes. Now, I might, but anyway, just bear with me. Alright, so we are talking about number five. Now, this is the famous formula of Hiro of Alexandria, that the area of the triangle is equal to, area of a triangle is equal to square root of P, P minus A, P minus B and P minus C, where P is half of the perimeter. So, that's what we have to prove. That's the formula which expresses the area of any triangle, not in terms we used to, like base and altitude, multiply and divide by two, but in terms of three sides. Alright, so, I mean, he was able basically to come up with this problem and obviously there are, well, there are certain interests actually because triangle is well defined by its three sides, so how the area is defined by these three sides. Alright, so that's exactly what we want to do right now and well, let's do it relatively straightforward, but there are certain number of calculations involved, so that's why I'm just trying to be careful. Alright, so let's say this is A, this is B, this is the whole thing is C, and I will introduce two new variables, this is X and altitude H. Now, we know how to express the area in terms of C and H, it's C times H divided by two, right, but we don't know H. Well, H can be defined from this right triangle, but we don't know X neither. Well, but there is another triangle and we know that this piece is C minus X, right? If this is X, this is C minus X because the whole that length is C. So, let's just put together whatever we know about this and then it will be easier. We have two variables, X and H, unknown variables, but we have two right triangles, which means we can always have two equations. So, one equation is the Pythagorean theorem of this. So, it's X squared plus H squared is equal to H squared, right? That's the Pythagorean theorem of this triangle. Now, this one is C minus X squared plus H squared is equal to B squared, right? So, we have two variables, X and H, two equations. So, we can actually find X and H. If we find X and H, well, particularly H, we can find the area by multiplying it by C and divide by two, right? Now, how can this be solved? That's actually easy because let me change, let me open the parenthesis here and I don't really need this anymore. I still have one more problem, but I remember it by heart. Alright, so, the first we will leave as is. The second one we will C squared minus two C X plus X squared plus H squared equals two B squared. So, this is my new system. Well, from this, we can very easily find X. How? Let's subtract from this, subtract this, X squared plus H squared, X squared plus H squared, which is H squared, which means C squared minus two C X plus instead of this, we can substitute this. Now, I have one linear, by the way, equation with one variable X, from which we can find X, obviously. Two C X is equal to A squared minus B squared plus C squared, am I right? So, two C X, if I will add two C X, it will be there. I will subtract B squared, it will be here with a minus sign. A squared and B squared are with a plus sign. From which X is equal to A squared minus B squared plus C squared divided by two C? Okay? Well, X is found. Now, we have to find H. So, let me wipe out this. And obviously, this is simpler. So, I will put H squared is equal to A squared minus X squared. And X squared is this, which is A squared minus B squared plus C squared, squared, or C squared. Right? The square of this is this. So, that's what we need. We need H squared. We need H actually. Now, the area is equal to C times H divided by two, right? C was our base. H was an altitude from it up. So, let's do A squared, which is equal to C squared, H squared divided by four. Because, you see, A squared would be easier if I will, you know, find this particular expression. I don't really have to deal with square roots. So, I would like to convert this into this. Whatever is under the square root. And again, this is just simple algebra. So, let's try to basically do it accurately and hopefully we will not make any mistakes. So, here A squared is equal to C squared times H squared divided by four. And instead of H squared, we do this. All right. So, it's C squared over four times A squared. That's times this first one. And then the second one, minus. Now, C squared over four, again, four, not two, times this. S squared minus B squared plus C squared divided by four C squared. A squared and C we can reduce. Okay. It would be easier for me if we will multiply and divide this by four. So, I will have 16 here as well. And here 16. So, A squared is equal to one-sixteenth times A squared C squared minus. I'm sorry. I forgot this. Minus A squared minus B squared plus C squared squared. Like this. Right? I realized I missed two because C squared times A squared is basically the fourth power of four. And without this two, I have power of two. So, which means definitely something is wrong. Actually, no, I made another mistake. I made four, but I put 16. So, it's four actually. I have to have four here. Like this, right? Now that's correct. One-sixteenths. So, it's four C squared A squared A squared C squared, right? Okay. This seems to be like fun. All right. Let's just transform it into this particular expression and I'll show you how. Equal to one-sixteenths. Now, this is the difference between two squares. This is two AC squared, and this is A squared minus B squared plus C squared again squared.  This is a simple formula. Just multiply it if you don't believe me. That's, you have to basically know by heart. So, the difference between these two squares, I will represent as the first one minus the second one times the first one plus the second one. Okay. Now, I don't like these parentheses, so I will, since this is the minus, I will change the sign of every one of them. So, A would be with minus, B would be with plus, and C would be with minus. Equals. All right. Now, let's think about this. These three members minus A squared minus C squared and plus two AC. Now, it's obviously A plus C, sorry, A minus C. A minus C squared. Correct? What is A minus C squared? A squared minus two AC plus C squared. Now, I have a minus in front, so this would be with minus, this was minus, and this was plus. And B squared remains. Here, two AC, this is plus, this is plus, and this is plus, so this is A plus C squared minus B squared. Right? Equals. Each of them, I will also represent as difference between two squares. So, this one will be this minus this, which is B minus A plus C, right? Because this is minus, this is minus, so B minus A minus C would be this. Times B plus A minus C. This would be difference between two squares. This is A plus C minus B, A plus C plus B. And what I will do is, instead of having one-sixteenths here, I will put divided by two, divided by two, divided by two, and divided by two. That's the same thing, right? Okay. We are almost there. Because A plus C plus B, this is half of the, divided by two, it's half the perimeter. So, this thing is equal to P.  If you will convert it into one fraction, you will have A plus B plus C minus two B divided by two, which is B minus two B, A plus C minus B over two, right? So, A plus C minus B is P minus B. Now, from symmetrical consideration, this is P minus C, and this is P minus E. And we have proven the formula. A square, the square of the area is equal to multiplication of these four elements. And we've got the formula, which was first obtained by a hero of Alexandria. The formula of a hero, or sometimes is hero, depending on some kind of etymology of this word. Sometimes his name is spelled as hero, sometimes as hero. All right. And the last problem is, okay, we have this formula that the area of any triangle is equal to square root of P, P minus A, P minus B, P minus C. And my last problem is, after we have gotten through all these calculations, it would be nice to check it in some trivial case. Okay, so let's say we have an equilateral triangle. So, A and A and A, they're all the same. Is the formula correct in this particular case? Well, let's just calculate the formula using this, and we will have what? We will have half of the perimeter is 3A divided by two, right? That's half of the perimeter. So, we have square root of 3A divided by two. Now, P minus A is 3A over 2 minus A, which is A over 2, right? So, it's A over 2. And same thing, P minus B because B is equal to A and C is equal to A. And what do we have? We have square root of 3 times A over 2 to the fourth degree, right? Which is A square over 2 times square root of 3. Square root of something in the fourth degree is, I'm sorry, it must be 2 square, which is actually 4. It's A over 2 square, that's why it's S square over 4. So, that's how it's supposed to be. This is the area of a triangle. Now, can we check it? Well, again, that's very easy actually, because in this particular case, my altitude is very easy to calculate. This is A over 2. So, H square is equal to A is equal to hypotenuse, which is A square minus this calculus, A over 2 square, which is A square minus A square over 4, which is 3 quarter of A square, right? Now, A we know, H we also know, so H is A over 2 square root of 3, right? You just take the square root of this. Now, the area is A times H divided by 2, which is A over 2 times A over 2 times square root of 3, which is A square over 4 square root of 3. So, as you see, in this trivial case of equilateral triangle, the formula obviously gives us the same result. So, this is just a checking, just a verification that in some trivial case, we do have exactly the same value, just to be on the same side. Okay, that actually concludes this particular lecture. I would actually recommend you to go through the Heron's formula again, I mean the proof of this formula again, because other problems are really trivial. I do recommend you to go through them, but that's actually trivial. But the formula of Heron is really very, very important. So, that's it for today. Thank you very much.