Suspense. This is the man in black. Here again to introduce Columbia's program, Suspense. Our star tonight is Bailey Legosi, playing the part Professor Antonio Basile, a psychologist. The story is by J. Donald Wilson, who calls it the Doctor Prescribed Dead. If you have been with us on these Tuesday nights, you will know that suspense is compounded of mystery and suspicion and dangerous adventure. This series of tales is calculated to intrigue you, stir your nerves, and offer you a precarious situation, and then withhold the solution until the last possible moment. And so it is with the Doctor Prescribed Death and Bailey Legosi's performance, we again hope to keep you in suspense. Professor Antonio Basile has a theory, but let him tell you about it. As a psychologist, I have worked out a theory, a theory I know to be sound. I contend that a person who has decided to kill himself can very easily be turned from this desire to the desire of taking the life of another. I can prove my theory. And if necessary, that is exactly what I will do. Professor Antonio Basile has a theory, but only a theory. And he's worried about what his publisher will say, so he visits the editor whose name is Hellman. Hellman finishes the manuscript and crosses it on the desk. Professor Basile leans forward eagerly and... Well, Hellman, what do you think? Professor Basile, it's purely conjecture, simply a theory and I wouldn't advise publishing it. I worked on that theory for a long time. I'm positive of it. I know it'll work. Suppose it will. What good is it? What good have you accomplished if you can prove it'll work? Are you laughing at me, Hellman? It's so silly.  He wants to leave it all behind. And you say he can be changed to want to kill someone else. I do. Self-destruction and the destruction of other life are closely related in the mind. The dividing line is very thin.  Granger would fire me. Why?  Mr. Granger said that. Does he think I'm insane? How do I know? Hellman, Mr. Granger didn't say that. It's you who thinks I'm crazy. You've never liked me. For some reason, you are trying to tear me down. Well, we'll see, Mr. Hellman. We'll see. Wait a minute. I'll show you whether my works are illogical. I'll show you whether I'm insane. Oh, calm down.  I know you don't like me, but I'm going to prove that my theory is sound. Good night. Wait a minute. I'll see it. Wait. You wait, Hellman. Wait. Professor Basile, seething with resentment, rushes from the office and strides angrily down the street. Insane, huh? I'll prove my theory. I'll find the subject. I'll find someone who wants to take his own life. And so Basile goes home late for dinner. He finds a note from his wife, Myra, saying she's decided to attend the meeting. Then Professor Basile gets an inspiration. He goes to the bridge over the Deep Canyon, the bridge called Suicide. And strangely enough, he hasn't long to wait. As he stands against the railing in the fog, a figure appears a few feet beyond, stops, prepares to leap. Don't do it. Wait a minute. Let's go. That's very silly. Let go of me. I couldn't do that. I need you. I don't need you. Don't you know this is a cancel-off? You're not an officer. You can't stop me. It's 500 feet to those tracks below. Hard steel rails. And don't believe what they all tell you about not being conscious of what happened. It's just a matter of time.  Let loose. They lie in agony for minutes and sometimes for an hour. It's a horrible death, I know. How do you know? I'm a doctor. Doctor? Yes. I can tell you much simpler ways, much less painful ways and quicker.  You wouldn't want it to happen this way. Maybe after I talk to your wife, you wouldn't want to do this at all. No? No. But come on. Let's talk it over. Maybe a few minutes talk, we'll change the entire picture for you. What could you do to help me? If you'll come, I'll tell you. There's a motive back of you who are wanting to do this and I'd like to know what it is. Nothing doing. Haven't you any relatives? Any loved ones you'd like to do something for? Yes. Then if you'll talk with me for a while, maybe I can find my way clear to help those people. You sound crazy. Oh, no. All right, I'll... Where? My apartment. Let's go. Well, here we are. Come in, please. Well, what do you want to know? Sit down first. Are you hungry? No, I'm not that broke. I knew that. Why did you come here? Why? Why, because you talked me into it. See, you're not afraid of me. Afraid? In my frame of mind. What can I lose?  Kill me?  Yeah. That doesn't always mean so much. The right man, it might. That's what I thought. But I found out it didn't mean a thing. Ah. Then it was because of a man. I knew it. Really? How did you guess? I'm a student of psychology. I'm Professor Antonio Basile. I see. And you want to know what makes me tick. You want to know the reason behind my actions. That's right.   Yeah. I'd like to know what preceded the decision to destroy yourself. What you thought about until the moment I stopped you on the bridge. What good will that do me? You said you weren't broke. But you also said you had some loved ones you'd like to do something for. I meant I wasn't broke to the point of being hungry. I have a few dollars. But you suggested help for someone in larger terms. Yes, I did. Who is the loved one? My mother. You are at only means of support. Yes.  Yes. That's being selfish, isn't it? Selfish? Yes. You are concentrating solely on self. I suppose so. The second law is the preservation of family. Yeah.   You indicate a form of insanity. What would be normal? To destroy the other person. The one who has done you wrong. Have you heard him? No. Then the one who has done wrong you have no legal recourse. Legal recourse? No, I haven't, I'm sorry to say.  Why shouldn't he be the one to suffer? I suppose you're right. Why shouldn't he? What happened after all? Why not tell me about it? Were you married? No. I had time to get a wrong marriage. What's your name? Gladys. Gladys Tanner. How long had you known him? Almost four years. And you always thought he meant to marry you? Yes. Until three weeks ago. Yes. On July 1st he had to leave town for a week on business. Said he was going to Kansas City. When he came back he seemed to be too busy to see me. Then a week ago I found a snapshot along with several others in his desk, in his home. May I see it? Sir, it's a picture of him and another woman. But the picture was not taken in Kansas City. It was? No, it was taken on the beach at Atlantic City. And it's dated by the finish of July 3rd. Since he returned he's refused to see me. Yesterday he finally said he didn't care to see me anymore. But I'd better forget him. But it isn't. But I'd better forget him. But it isn't so easy as that, is it? No. I figured I'd done something and blame myself. Do you... do you know this blonde woman in this snapshot? No. And it must be a woman he has met recently. You've known him for four years. I don't think you are to blame. He's the one in throne and he should be made to suffer. How?  Why should you? Kill him instead. He double-crossed you. He deserves it. Now let me go a little deeper into the situation. Whenever a person has reached the conclusion to take his name I'm sure you have made up your mind, Miss Tanner. Positive. So if you're careful you won't be caught. It's whether you are or not I'm giving you this check for a thousand dollars made out to cash to be sent to your mother only after the man is dead. Write his name on the spell. There you are. I will know what has happened by the newspapers. And I will be told payment until I learn that you have gone through with it. It'll happen tonight. You are. You are sure? You are determined? Absolutely. Nothing could stop me. Very good. But just what would happen if I did get caught? You won't get caught if you follow my instructions. I know. Now, here is a small revolver. It'll fit easily in your purse. That's all you need. Be sure to wipe your fingerprints off from near the body. Well, goodbye, Dr. Basile. Goodbye, Gladys. Good luck. Professor Basile watches Gladys as she crosses the street to the dimly-lighted bus stop. Then he rushes to his car and drives away. A few minutes later, he comes to a stop at Hellman's house. Hellman, the editor who ridiculed his theory. Hello, Basile. Good evening, Hellman. Thought I had the power to have a little chat with you. Well, why this time of night? Stand late, isn't it? Eleven. Didn't think that was late for you. Come in. Thanks. Sit down. What's on your mind? I want to talk to you about my theory. You ridicule so definitely my theory about suicide. No, I just don't believe it, that's all. And I said I'd prove it, didn't I? Yes, but... What are you getting at? It's going to be proved. My theory is going to be proved tonight. Oh, that's fine. Right ahead and prove it. I don't like you, Hellman. I never liked you. And I know you don't like me. I can't help that, Basile. Who are you staring at? Is there someone here with you? I don't know. Oh, my secretary dropped by earlier this evening at the manuscript. She must have forgotten that. She's not here now? Of course not. Then I'll continue. I found a subject.  In a few hours, I was successful in changing her thoughts from suicide to homicide and she is going to kill the man tonight. Why do you think of that? There may be a dozen murders tonight. Ah. But you'll know which one I mean. You'll know about this murder. What do you mean? Because I'm going to tell you who the victim is going to be. You know who the intended victim is? Why don't you stop it? But then I wouldn't have proved my theory. If you put this girl up to it, you're as guilty as she is. You're insane, Basile. Hopelessly insane. You think so, Hellman. The whole idea's mad.  No sane man would ever think it's such a useless, senseless idea. And for heaven's sake, stop laughing. I'm thinking about the victim. Then he learned. Who is the victim? Martin Hellman. Me? Yes, you. I don't believe you. Oh, well, this time. Who is this girl? I don't know. A girl who'd want to kill me. This one does. Now. Oh, nonsense. However, I wouldn't put a pass to hire someone to do something like this. Oh, no. This girl is no fake. This girl is serious. Deadly serious. You'd probably hypnotize some poor woman, figuring she'd never remember what happened. Oh, Hellman, you underestimate me. Maybe I do underestimate your evil mind. But believe me. Put up your hands, Hellman. Get away from the desk. I just take care of the gun, Hellman. That's better. Well, since when did you start carrying a gun, Basile? Are you a gun? Don't be silly. This isn't a gun in my pocket. It's just my pipe. See? Well, what do you hear, Hellman? Nothing. Oh, yes, you do. I heard it too. The sound on the porch. I leave now. The back way. I put your gun in the kitchen. And I'll be very careful to remove all my fingerprints.  Oh, fancy you. You, Hellman, you are going to help prove my theory. Good night, Hellman. I'll have him locked up before he gets across town. Good evening, Mr. Hellman. How did you get in here? Through the patio door. What do you want? I wanted to talk to you. Very strangely. You're just imagining things. What are you doing here? I wanted to tell you something. Yeah? What? When you first indicated to me that you were through with me, I was terribly hurt. I thought all along that we were to be married. I couldn't understand. I tried and tried to think of something I'd done to cause our breakup. Then I happened to find this snapshot in your desk. Snapshot? Take a look at it. Kansas City. No, Atlantic City, New Jersey. You and a blonde. And the date is stamped on the back. A business trip. Ha! Well, what about it? I just wanted you to know that you weren't so slick. I wanted you to know that I knew about the blonde. That I knew you'd lied. Now that you've told me, what good does it do you? A lot of good. First, I thought you came here for money. How could you think such a thing? Well, I think you'd better go now. I'm going. Goodbye, Morton. And good luck in your new venture. What venture? This one. Gladys. Gladys! And wish me luck in mine. Gladys stands staring a moment at the body of Hellman and lights off the gun, drops it to the floor, takes the professor's check from her purse, steps to Hellman's desk and writes a note. Then she puts the note in an envelope with the check, addresses it, stamps it, turns out the lights, and steps out into the dark street. At the corner, she drops the envelope in the mailbox and disappears. Professor Basile heard the shots. His theory worked. One will torment him no more. The perfect crime. So he can go home to his wife now and go to sleep. Myla. What? Oh, Antonio. What are you doing asleep on the Davenport? Do you know what time it is? Must be after midnight. I've been waiting for you. How was the opera? Fair. Nothing to brag about. Who sang the lead? Very good. He's a poor Othello. Othello? I thought they were doing ida tonight. No, they switched because someone was ill. I just had to stay at home. Good night, Capmaro. No, thanks. I'm tired. I think I'll go to bed. I belong presently. Good night. Then the night passes and the morning comes. The professor rises cheerfully and prepares for breakfast. Then... You? Yes. May we come in? We'd like to talk with you. Of course.  Is your wife in? Yes. We'd like to see her, too. Who are you? Oh, I'm Lieutenant David. Detective Edward. Well, what do you want? What do you call your wife? Fire. Myla. What is all about? These men are from detective headquarters. They want to talk to us. May I ask where you were last night? Certainly. I went to the opera. What time did you get home? I imagine it was around 11 or so. Were you at home last evening? Well, I was at the club and got home about 12.30. By the way, do you know a Morton Hellman? Suddenly. What about him? He's been murdered. Murdered? When? Around midnight last night. I found him this morning. Who are you? I've known him for years. He was editor-in-chief of the company publishing my writings. I'm a psychologist, you know. Yes, I know. But what do you want to know from us? We were unconnected socially with Hellman. Just in business. Did you know him, Mrs. Basile? Yes, I knew him very slightly. Either of you know of anyone who'd have reason to kill him. Certainly not. Everyone thought highly of him. You mean Gladys Tanner? Gladys Tanner? No. Did you know of Gladys Tanner, Mrs. Basile? No. Is this your purse, Mrs. Basile? Of course it is. That's the one I gave you last Christmas, Myra. Oh, yes. I must have lost it downtown. Where did you find it, Lieutenant? At Hellman's home. Hellman's home? Well, how in the world? We found it on the sofa. What? No fingerprints on it, however. May I see it? Myra, this is your gun. I bought this for you two years ago when I went on the lecture tour. Yes, I think it's mine, but it just doesn't make sense. Did you have the gun on your purse when you lost it last time? Well, perhaps I did. I'm still confused now. I can't remember. I think, Myra, I think it is terrible. No, I know. Oh, dear, I feel you. You found this gun? Yes, once last year up in the mountains. I wanted to see how it worked. Ever reloaded? No, I've never reloaded it. I just didn't think about it. Maybe I did put it in my purse. Why, I don't know. And whoever found the purse may have used the gun to... Oh, it just can't seem to see. This gun misfired on the first two shots. The other three killed Hellman. This is the most amazing piece of coincidence I ever heard of. Why would my wife want to do such a thing? Why should she get to Hellman? She hardly knew him. Are you sure about that, Professor? Of course. Well, I'm sorry to say that I don't believe her. What?  This is going to be a shock to you, Professor, but here's a snapshot we found on Hellman's desk. Taken on Atlantic City last July. Good heavens. Why? This is you, Myra. You and Hellman. You were at your mother's in Florida in July. Myra, look at me. What does this mean? I can't. I can't. And I can't believe such a thing. May I have the purse, the gun, and the photo? Thank you. I'm sorry, but I'll have to take her down to headquarters. But I didn't kill him. I didn't. I wouldn't. I loved him. Myra. You better pull yourself together. You'll have to go better. They'll want photos and fingerprints. Yes. Better get her ready, Myra. Certainly looks bad for her. Great it does. Looks like an open and shut case. Oh, will you come along, too, Professor? Certainly. And so it all worked out beautifully. Not quite as the Professor had planned. But then he changed his plan from the moment when Gladys Tanner showed him the snapshot taken in Atlantic City. And he realized that the girl's fiancé was Hellman and that the blonde was Myra, his wife. He had no intention of allowing Gladys Tanner to kill Hellman until he saw that snapshot. And when he recognized Myra's person, Hellman's home, he decided to let Gladys kill him and the blame be placed on Myra. The perfect crime. But several hours later, after fingerprints and many questions, the Professor is just about to be dismissed when Sergeant Rankin steps into the room and speaks quietly to Lieutenant Davis. What is it, Rankin? I stated the seal's place, as you said. A few minutes ago, a special delivery letter came for the Professor.  Read it. Well, it fits perfectly with the writing we were trying to make out on Hellman's deathbladder. Professor, here's a letter sent special delivery to you a few minutes ago, postmarked last night. Read it. Dear Professor Barceo, your theory worked a certain degree.  I should kill him. But when that gun you gave me misfired wise, I almost quit. Go ahead, Professor, read on. Then as I looked at him on the floor, the feeling of self-destruction came back. I'm going ahead with my plan. Here's your check. I won't need it. Besides, I lied to you. I lost my mother long ago. But the luck next time, that is, then. A half hour ago, they found her body beneath the suicide bridge. Well, Professor, your perfect crime has failed. Failed? Yes. Failed. Wonderful setup on paper, but your theory backfired and you're up for murder. But I didn't kill him.  He'd fade her penalty. Now it's your turn. No. No. I won't. I'll never break him.  And now the doctor lies on the sidewalk 17 stories below. His entire theory worked in reverse. And so closes the doctor prescribed death starring Belly Legosi, tonight's story of suspense. It came to you from Columbia Square in Hollywood. This is the man in black who conveys to you Columbia's invitation to spend this half hour in suspense with us again next Tuesday when we present the noted actor Mr. Sidney Green Street in The Hangman Won't Wait. William Spear, the producer, Ted Bliss, the director, Lud Blusken, the musical director, Lucian Mahuik, the composer, and J. Donald Wilson, the author, collaborated on tonight's suspense. This is the Columbia Broadcasting System.


Data Science at Bitly is an interesting job. We have access to data flowing through all types of networks. So we have data coming from Twitter, from Facebook, traffic, email. And through that data, we can get location information, country of work, like country with the refers, how information is jumping from one network to the other. All that analytics that I've described is free. If you put the plus at the end of a Bitly URL, you get to see all the free analytics. And we all have enterprise analytics for our enterprise customers who have the custom URL shortener so they can get a little bit more information about sentiment, reputation monitoring, a little bit more geographical information, and stuff like that. You know, I remember just, it seemed like a decade ago, but it was only a couple of years ago, the big rage in real time search. You had Collectika One Riot, which when Collectika went out of business, One Riot was sold to walmart.com. And with Cosmix, you guys were around, you guys were being incubated, I believe, at the time. People were building these real time search engines like Google, like thinking that people are going to really actually sit there and watch a screen and go really fast. But it's different, though. I mean, it's not necessarily the same search experience, but it's about discovery, right? So can you share with us the data science involved around surfacing discovery, whether that's analytics, connecting people, some of the magic that has to happen behind the scenes? Well, in the old traditional way of search engines, you basically wrote mini crawlers, you put them out on the internet, and you tried to discover new leaks. With the social media, the real time web, the content comes to you. It's basically instead of spiders and crawlers, you're more filtering pipes. And it's a fire hose in how well you can handle it. And that's the nice thing about Bitly, especially as we're starting to do a little bit more research, it's not older content. We have the freshest content because it's the stuff people uploaded just minutes ago. So the data science component is how do you take interesting things from a torrent and make sense of it, make sense of it in real time, and provide information to people in a timely manner that they can make some decisions based on it. I mean, we're totally geeks on this whole movement of what this all means in terms of the new social web. I mean, SiliconANGLE, our motto is where social science meets computer science. So there's a lot of math involved, there's a lot of computer science, there's a lot of kind of sociology in this real time web. The question I want to ask you is, because a lot of folks are new to this, like real time, what does it all mean? Talk about this notion you mentioned, content finds you, right? That's kind of most intelligent content based upon you now connected to the network. You guys have source destination event where people share stuff on Facebook or share something on Twitter, which is now a norm in the internet society. People are sharing with mobile phones, et cetera. You have source destination events. So you guys are tracking these new channels. And marketing people and people in general say, oh, there's new channels are out there. Social channels. I mean, social channels basically means basically distribution of content in social networks or the web, mobile phones, social networks. Explain to activity streams and this new paradigm. What is it, is it real? How real? And what are some of the factors involved in that? I believe very much it's real. It's real in the fact that just the number of devices people are using to connect to the network is changing and adapting in ways, 10 years ago, we're just not everyday occurrences. I mean, just the amount of people who have internet-based mobile phones and how they use it and how they use social networks and how they gather information. I mean, back 10 years ago, people had the palm that could connect to the network and that was a boutique item that was very expensive. Phone.com. Remember those days? Exactly. And now, you know. Crappy browser. Typing in URLs. And now, it's ubiquitous, nearly. And so that changes how people access information and how they produce it, too. So updates are not necessarily coming in huge, long blog posts. They're coming in quick tweets about a plane going into the Hudson and that real-time nature of it and how that creates a critical mass. I mean, we're seeing examples. Obviously,


Bauer Lake Provincial Park is home to the world-famous Bauer Lakes Canoe Circuit. The rugged snow-capped peaks of the Caribou Mountains and the gentler Quinelle Highlands form a majestic backdrop for this chain of 10 lakes. It is a physically challenging 116 kilometer long trip that includes 12 kilometers of portages. It takes 6 to 10 days to complete and all weather conditions can be expected from beautiful summer days to high winds, rain and occasionally snow. Adequate preparation, experience, good physical condition and quality equipment are key to having a safe and enjoyable adventure. If you are a novice paddler it is highly recommended that you take a canoe lesson to learn the basic strokes and rescue techniques. Here are a few tips to help with your planning. Following items are the minimum needed to safely paddle the circuit. A sturdy canoe or touring kayak in good repair, a personal flotation device or life jacket for each person and these must be worn while paddling the circuit. Paddles plus one spare per boat, two 15 meter floating lines attached to both the bow and the stern of the boat, a baler or pump, a throw bag, a basic repair kit and waterproof containers for all food and items carried in the canoe. For the portages use a large backpack or a portage pack with a hip belt. Canoe carts are permitted on the circuit but to reduce damage to the trails the following best practices apply. The maximum width of the cart is 30 inches or 75 centimeters and wide tires are highly recommended. If using a cart the weight of the cargo in the canoe while portaging must not exceed 28 kilograms or 60 pounds. You must backpack all gear in excess of that limit. Weighing your gear prior to leaving home ensures you have plenty of space in both your canoe and in your packs. The following personal equipment should be readily available for use throughout the day as conditions change. Sunscreen, sun hat and sunglasses. Insulating layers such as fleece or synthetic puff ball type jackets, wool or fleece tux, waterproof clothing including a jacket, pants and hat, water shoes for use during the day, suitable footwear for the portages as they can be rough, muddy and slippery. Use polyester or wool clothing and dress in layers. Jeans and other cotton items are not suitable for the circuit. The weather can be cold and wet for days and it is impossible to dry out cotton clothing during these inclement periods. Take spare sets of warm clothing but be careful not to over pack. All clothing and sleeping bags should be contained in waterproof stuff sacks. For camping equipment it is necessary to have matches with fire starter in a waterproof container, a flashlight or headlamp with spare batteries, lightweight stove and fuel with sufficient food to last a couple of extra days should the trip take longer than expected due to unforeseen circumstances such as adverse weather. Dehydrated food is recommended as most fresh food is heavy and does not keep well. Careful menu planning prior to the trip can simplify camp life and reduce waste. Take along extra garbage bags and toilet paper and for splitting firewood is recommended that each group have a five pound splitting axe. Bring along cooking and eating utensils, a good quality tent, a sleeping bag that is good to zero degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit with a quality sleeping pad, a tarp with extra cordage for setting up as a rain shelter at camp, insect repellent, map compass or a GPS, a basic first aid kit and a water treatment system such as a portable water filter and spare containers to hold treated water. In order to preserve the pristine environment to the canoe circuit no commercial beverage containers such as bottles, cans, liquor bottles, tetrapacks or glass jars are permitted. No dogs or other domestic animals are allowed anywhere on the circuit, no firearms and no external speakers for music devices. If you plan on fishing you will require a provincial fishing license which could be purchased online or at most outdoor stores. Please respect any wildlife you may encounter, do not feed them, avoid approaching them and for your own safety as well as theirs give them the space they need and deserve. Upon arrival you must register at the park registration center and view a mandatory orientation video. Once you have completed this and your canoe equipment has been checked and weighed by the park operator you will receive your park permit and your journey begins. Thank you for taking time to watch this video and we wish you a safe and memorable trip.


Let's get to that idea of the power of social media, because here is, we have entered in a time, and I think, I don't think Donald Trump is, just the way JFK was to, FDR was to radio, JFK was to television, Donald Trump is to social media in a way, he's used it beautifully, whether you like it or not, he's the best troll around. He uses effectively to govern, to make announcements, to undermine people, to attack today, he was attacking Justice Sotomayor. And for this information, and Justice Ginsburg, which is dangerous, what is that, what responsibility do social media companies have to that? When you're doing your job, because you use it too, you're quite active, what do you imagine has happened to the news environment in that case? Let me put it this way, I've been doing the newscast with Univision for 33 years already, and I can assure you Cara, that without presence in social media, I wouldn't have a job right now, because now we're doing sometimes TV for people who don't even own a TV. I'm also doing a program just for the internet, because people are somewhere else, it's shifting. And by the way, some people in TV right now, they're in complete denial. The same way that people in newspapers and magazines were 10 years ago, it's exactly what's happening with right now. So does the newscast matter at all, like the idea of a newscast? The content matters. Okay. But the way we approach it is completely different. Let's say 10, 15, 20 years ago, we were reporting facts, and people were expecting the facts for the newscast, definitely, not anymore. I think everybody knows exactly what's happening right now. And when we come on the year at 6.30, they expect more analysis, more context. And they are expecting from us something different to tell them the truth, the way we see it. Especially when we have a president that is lying constantly. Again, is that a confrontational position from a journalist? Well, that's our responsibility. If we don't do it, nobody else is gonna do it. It's really interesting, because I've been recently watching a lot of Edward R. Murrow stuff. I just, for some reason, I've been looking at it. And he was quite confrontational, actually, in a lot of ways, especially for the day. What then happens to the media environment? Because it becomes so fractured. There's so many voices, and everybody does have a say, which is a good thing. But at the same time, the noise creates dysfunction, it's amped up, sort of engagement is enragment. And it creates this situation where nobody knows what the truth is in it. Well, but at the same time, as it happened with Edward R. Murrow, and as it's happening with us right now, the most important thing that we have as journalists is our credibility. If what I say, if nobody cares about that, or if people think that I'm lying, then I'm done as a journalist. I wouldn't have a job. Let me give you an example. Every year here in Miami, we have hurricanes. And I personally, yeah. And I've chosen two people from two local stations who are very good, because I trust what they say, and my life, and the life of my family, and my home depends on what they say. Should I live my house? Should I go somewhere else? So that's exactly what we do in social media. Many people follow you, and they trust what you say. Hopefully many people follow me, and they trust what I say. And that's exactly the same way as with Edward R. Murrow. The only difference is that now, instead of having two networks, or three networks, say BCNBC and CBS as it was back then, we have millions of networks of people using Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and that's a big difference. Where do you think it ends up as it moves forward? I mean, obviously, there's a lot of people looking at regulating some of these companies. Do you consider, given these platforms are so important, whether it's Twitter or Reddit, or Facebook, Facebook's the biggest among them, where's the responsibility? Do you think there's a responsibility on these tech companies to act? Cause just the other day, Mark Zuckerberg said, we're somewhere between a telecom company and a publisher. And it reminded me of that old skit and I'm showing my age here. Is it a dessert topping or a floor wax? You know, if you remember from SNL. What are they? I mean, cause it's all the old people. Well, they are saying that they are not a network. They're saying that they don't have a journalistic operation. Right, a publisher. But maybe, can I switch the question and send it to you? So what would you do? Do you think they need to be regulated? Yes. And in which way? How? Well, I think, if you look at the top 10 companies or the top companies right now are tech companies in terms of market valuation. Maybe not in the market today, but because we've had to sell off, but most of the economic growth has happened through tech in the last 10 years essentially. And a lot of the wealth creation, everything. The top 10 rich people are all tech people. It's an industry, unlike Wall Street or cars or pharmaceuticals. Even if it's problematic regulation, they have regulation. There's not one law on the books about internet companies at all, not one. And in fact, the one law that does exist is very adventations to them, which allows them to be immune from any legal action. So what kind of, would it be government regulation? I don't know. You want a big sensor? No. No. So how would that work? Well, it's an honest question. It's an honest question. I don't know. Well, Univision's responsible for the things that is on your air. All the time. And the things you create cause havoc, you pay for it. And I think it's the responsibility. It's being legally liable for creating things either sloppily or with malintent or things like that.  But how about if there's someone else who's posting on your network, on your platform? Right. Where is their responsibility? Well, the New York Times is actually responsible for those too. So they're abrogated around the comments, but at the same time, on some level, they have to create tools where it can't be used for disinformation. They have to be more... It's gonna be incredibly complex to figure out because they can sort of get out of it and at the same time have created the tools in such a sloppy way that, you know, you can look at any of the areas of the world. In Myanmar, they didn't have enough speakers. They didn't do this. They didn't do that. They do things. I'll give you a good example, Facebook Live, for example. And I've told this story before, but when they created it, they bring in reporters to look at it before and they're all excited and they get all... They're like, literally it's like 12 year old boys all there going, look what I made. It's so cool. And I was in the room and I said, okay, this is a live, you know, immediate live posting by anybody in the world can do this. And I said, what do you if you do if someone murders someone on this? What do you do if someone commits suicide? What do you do about bullies? What about child pornography? Live child pornography? What about if a mass murderer puts a GoPro on the top of his head and starts broadcasting? And the person who was showing it to me said, you're such a bummer, Kara. And I was like, yeah, I am. That's me, you know. I have had some experience with the human race and I've noticed that when they get tools, they tend to use them in a malevolent way sometimes. And I was like, where are the safeguards that you've put into place before? And they were like, well, that part of it they hadn't thought of. Now that's changed, obviously, when they create things now because of the experiences, but not because they had any, they weren't sued for it, they were not, they didn't pay any price for the mistakes they made. And so I'm trying to figure out how you create a price for when you make shoddy products. Okay, that's an interesting proposition. But as a journalist, we cannot just wait to see, well, let's see if they regulate them or not. Our responsibility is completely different. I think our responsibility would be to find facts, to confront those who are in power and that's what we need to do. Right, absolutely. But I think one of the things is it has repercussions well beyond that. Like there was a really great series in the New York Times recently about child pornography on these sites and the very little is being done to mitigate the problem. You can do that with addictiveness with teens. They know very well inside these companies how addictive these products are, akin to cigarettes, akin to other things, still not doing anything about it, yet facilitating it. And so you have to sort of start to think they're not benign. And so if they're not benign, they're not making things of the mind that affect people, there has to be some kind of regulation, smart regulation that doesn't hinder innovation. And when they worried about hindering innovation, they tend to go to the China argument. Well, China, if we don't do something, China will beat us. If we don't do this and we'll have, they'll be running the internet in the next year. But for instance, let me just put it this way. What would happen in authoritarian governments? What would happen in China? What would happen in Saudi Arabia? What would happen in Cuba? Well, they're already doing it. Exactly. They're already doing these tools. Exactly the way. But do we want to do that? No. No. No, no, of course not. But what I'm talking about is they tend to say that there can't be innovation without freedom for them. And in fact, when you have one or two or three companies, in this case, it would be Facebook, Google, it really would be Facebook and Google, essentially, sort of buying up all the companies, shutting down innovation, you don't get the kind of innovation needed to create new paradigms. So if we say on the political conversation, we know for a fact that a president or a candidate is lying and that he's buying arts and publicity, should we stop them? Well, we don't. Facebook doesn't. They made the decision not to. I mean, how do you feel about that? Let's get back to politics. What is the political landscape look now? You have Bloomberg spending every, I'm going to say every dime he has because he's got a lot of dimes, but spending enormous amounts of money on social media, on Facebook, the Trump campaign, quite good at it. Brad Parcell is a genius at using social media. What would you do if you were running Facebook? Or now Twitter decided to cut them off, say we're not going to have lies, we can't even figure it out. Well, I agree with you that in certain situations, child pornography, you mentioned, for instance, there has to be done. There has to be something done. But my problem is with political discourse. Are we going to start censoring political discourse, even if we don't want to? How about white nationalist? Should we stop that? Should companies stop that kind of information? They do sometimes, they do other times. My issue is that it's done in a haphazard way by people who are not necessarily qualified. I would like elected officials and citizens to start talking about this as a larger thing rather than say in the case of Facebook, it's a company that is run by someone who cannot be fired ever.  He's unfireable, he controls the board, he controls everything, and so do you want one person making decisions that affect lots of people? And it's something everyone needs to think about at the very least. And I think this conversation is obviously is going to continue. But since I cannot do anything about it right now, my responsibility, I'm just going back to my role as a journalist. Yeah, we have to, if someone is lying, we have to say it. If someone is harming children, we have to say it. And if a president is lying, we have to say it. Except that when you get in a digital environment, it's different than a network. If there's a lie on a network, everyone sees it. In this case, they can send a million different lies to a million different people, all geared toward the information they've gleaned. Now, probably one of the great ways to solve this would be to have a really good privacy bill to know about what happens to your data, to not be tracked the way you are, to be not microtargeted. And so they can't send a million different lies to someone. That's not even being done. There's no privacy bill in this country. We're the only country, there's a lot going on in Europe, there's a lot going on in Australia. We have a bill in California that's the de facto rule for this country, but there's not a national privacy bill to protect your privacy. So the two most important things that you would do is regulation some content and then on privacy. No, privacy. Privacy starts, this privacy and data starts to take care of the rest of it, I think. Yeah, and I don't want them to use my information. But they do. They do, all the time. Not me today, because I don't have a phone.  And it's interesting, we were having a conversation before we started and we were saying, well, this is not of the record. Well, the fact is that I'm assuming, as you are, that everything that I say on this phone is being tracked and that somebody is listening or reading it. Yes, they are, in fact. So that's the way, that's the way of the record doesn't exist anymore. Everything's public. Okay, let's talk a little bit about covering this election. How do you look forward to it? And I do want to talk a little bit about immigration and where you think we are on it, because that story, one of the problems of this new news environment we're in is it's very twitchy, it's very quick and people move on from the next thing. And so this week, we're talking about this, then we're talking about this, and oh yeah, impeachment, that seemed like six years ago, impeachment. And now we're in, I guess, the Bernie Sanders phase of the discussion, but it goes from one thing to the other. Immigration really has gotten lost as a discussion. Not necessarily, the way I see it, the big picture, the way I see it here in the United States, we're having four major changes. One has to do with climate change. That's another issue. Another has to do with technological revolution that we just discussed. Another incredibly important has to do with the Me Too movement and the fight for equality in this country. And then the last one, the last change is what I call the Latino wave. In 2044, everyone in this country, everyone is going to be a minority. And that's a major change. That's an incredible demographic revolution that we're seeing right now. Latinos will go from 60 million to more than 100 million, and nobody is going to be able to make it to the White House or any position of power without the Latino vote. That's what's happening. And in this election, for instance, for the first time, the Latino vote is gonna be larger than the African American vote. In other words, there's gonna be more Latinos eligible to vote than African Americans. And we've been discussing the 2016 election and what happened in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin and Michigan. Well, the truth is that maybe the election was not decided there. Maybe it was decided here in Florida and it was decided in Arizona. With the electoral votes in Florida 29 and the 11 electoral votes in Arizona, it would have been a completely different issue. And everything has to do also with immigration. What we are seeing is that the country is being transformed and we have someone in the White House right now thinking that the way the country should look is in the 1920s or in the 1930s. So how do you cover that? When you're thinking about covering this, how do you assess how the networks are covering the elections? How they are, what should be covered? If you could change it in any way, what would you, what do you think is the critical way to cover this? I think we are giving voice to people who don't have a voice. When it was the last time that you saw an ABC, NBC, CBS or CNN or Fox News and undocumented immigrant, very rarely. And we do that all the time. The fact is that we have 10 million people in this country who are not criminals or terrorists or rapists, who are contributing to the economy and we have to do something about it. So that's the first approach. We are giving, for many people, they are invisible. And our job, my job is to make them visible and to making sure that whatever they are feeling and whatever they have to say is being transmitted to the candidates, for instance. So we're asking the candidates, would you stop all deportations? Would you be willing to legalize 10 million undocumented immigrants? That's what we are asking. And those are kinds of questions that you don't hear in other networks. What do you imagine? But it did get a lot of coverage for a short time. How do you keep that going in terms of if it's not done in sort of this build a wall way where it's dramatic, a lot of the coverage around is very dramatic, is the wall gonna get built and your piece in The Times was Trump is the wall? Explain that for people. Well, now Mexico is the wall. Yeah, as you know, Donald Trump said that Mexico was gonna pay for the wall. So what happened is that he hasn't been able to build anything at all. The border in Mexico is not paying for the wall. However, there's a newly agreement between Mexico and the United States. It's called Remaining Mexico Program. So people from Central America, instead of applying for asylum in the United States, they're staying on the Mexican side. So here you have 50,000 Central Americans waiting on the Mexican side. And also the new National Guard created by President López Obrador is helping Donald Trump by stopping Central Americans crossing their southern border. So Mexico in reality has become Trump's wall. And the new National Guard in Mexico is becoming actually the new immigration police for Donald Trump. So how do you get, where do you imagine this is gonna end up? If he wins again and if he doesn't, what happens? What Donald Trump has done is more than deporting undocumented immigrants, because Barack Obama deported more immigrants than Donald Trump has done so far. He has been successful at stopping immigrants from coming in with visa programs, banning people from certain countries from coming in and even stopping legal immigration. Every single year we used to have about a million legal immigrants, legal immigrants coming in. And now that number has gone down to about 600,000. So he has been successful at stopping immigrants from coming in and by creating fear in other countries that if you try to get into the United States, something terrible is gonna happen to you. And something terrible is gonna happen to you if you try to cross from Matamoros to Brownsville. And then you see people from the cartels trying to kidnap you or asking you for money to come into the United States. What is the ultimate impact on this country of that? And I write about it from Silicon Valley's perspective, is they're not getting as many, a lot of innovation is going elsewhere across the world. Immigration's been a critical part of the building of Silicon Valley and most of the CEOs are immigrants. Elon Musk, Sachin Nadella, Sundar Pichai, each of them, I could name dozens and dozens. The Donald Trump is trying to revert the demographic revolution that we're seeing in this country. Again, just remember in 2044, everyone is going to be a minority. And that's the kind of America that Donald Trump doesn't want. So he's trying to revert that, but it's almost impossible. It was in June, 2015, he announced that he wanted to be president. But then, so interesting, in July, 2015, already the majority of the babies being born in the United States were coming from minority families. So the change is unavoidable. It's unstoppable. He cannot really stop it, but he's really trying and trying hard. So what other things are you looking at in the election on the democratic side? This has been quite unusual. What I'm seeing is that the so-called resistance or the rebellion to Donald Trump, somehow is working. What we don't know if this rebellion is going to be enough, big enough, to avoid the re-election of Donald Trump. That's the way I'm seeing it. So you don't know where in the Star Wars saga we are? Where we could be? We're right in the middle. We're right now. So that's Empire Strikes Back. Yeah, well, there you go. We're right in the middle. But you live in California, how do you see it? Where are we? I don't know. I think everyone's confused. I think I was telling the driver who drove me in today, I'm the only person. He was asking about homelessness in San Francisco, and I said it's been politicized. It's not as bad as it looks, and there's a lot of really important trends that are happening there, including housing prices, including having a more tolerant feelings towards poor people than other states. And California's like an island sometimes, isn't it? Yes, exactly. I was there in Los Angeles yesterday, and it feels completely different than the rest of the country. It does. And so we were discussing that, and one of the things he was asking about was what did I think of Bernie Sanders? It was really interesting. And I was like, I do not know what to think of Bernie Sanders. I'll be honest with you, I don't. And then a friend of mine, who was a Sanders person, said it's a short jump from disliking him to liking him, which I thought was okay, all right, okay. And it was interesting. And then my third experience was my mom, who just stays down here in Florida and stuff, and she goes from, she's a Fox News Watcher, so that's all I need to say. An elderly Fox News Watcher, so you can imagine what's happening there to her brain. I told her when she dies, I'm gonna have her brain looked at, and for FTE, so Fox trauma. But anyway, she called me and she goes, I really like what Bernie is saying, and I'm like, what? Because she was sort of Trumpy, but she doesn't like Trump because she thinks he's gross, and then at the same time, she likes the tax cut, things like that. And so I don't know. That's my answer. I know California is not voting for Donald Trump, but otherwise I don't know what. What I'm seeing is that the country is more divided than ever before. But is it? I think absolutely, absolutely. I mean, even in, I'm sure you're having sometimes the same problem. When you are with friends or family, sometimes you have to avoid Trump, and you have to avoid that conversation because otherwise he's dividing families and he's dividing groups. Let me give you an example. When, in 2016, where I work here in Doral, when you come into the network, on the left side is the TV side, and on the right side is the radio side. And I pass through the radio side all the time, and I used to listen to people calling and saying, well, I'm gonna vote for Donald Trump. And back then, for many Latinos, many Latinos didn't feel comfortable saying that they were gonna vote for Donald Trump because of the sexist remarks that he had made to access Hollywood, and because of the racist remarks that he had made against immigrants. But still, I was listening to people calling in and saying, yes, I sort of like Donald Trump. Well, I should have stopped and listened carefully because we made a mistake. We didn't see this wave that was happening in this country, this resentment that was happening in this country. And 29% of Latinos voted for Donald Trump. And what I'm seeing right now in 2020 is that those who were uncomfortable saying that they were gonna vote, I'm talking about Latino voters, that they felt uncomfortable saying that they were gonna vote for Donald Trump, now they feel sort of vindicated and they feel more comfortable saying, yes, I'm gonna be voting for Donald Trump. So the fact is, if within the Latino community, more than 29% of Latinos will vote for Donald Trump, and according to history, if the Republican candidate gets more than a third of the Hispanic vote, he usually wins. So that's where we are right now. Now, the question is, if you voted for Donald Trump, are you a racist? If you voted for Donald Trump, are you a sexist? Well, many people are putting those questions aside. And many people are thinking, well, maybe the economy is more important. Maybe Cuba is more important. Maybe Venezuela is more important. So something that ethically might not be acceptable as defending a racist suddenly becomes acceptable if the economy or Cuba or Venezuela or Nicaragua becomes more important. So what is the impact of the comments Bernie Sanders made then about Castro just the other night? I've been living here in Miami for quite a long time and Florida might be gone if the vote depends on that. You cannot say, let me just say clearly, Cuba is a dictatorship. It's been a dictatorship since 1959. Venezuela is a dictatorship. Nicaragua is a dictatorship. And that's where you have to start. You cannot start by saying, well, maybe they have a great health program or maybe they have an equation. If they kill thousands of people in Cuba, if they have political prisoners, if they don't have opposition parties, that cannot be a democracy. And you cannot tell that to people who personally suffered from dictatorships. So it's gonna be incredibly difficult. So damaging is what you're saying. It is very damaging. And as journalists, again, we can go back to the beginning of the conversation. It is our responsibility to question those who are in power. So what question would you ask Bernie Sanders now if you were sitting across from, wasn't Anderson? Well, as a matter of fact, I'm gonna have that opportunity and the debate on March 15th in Phoenix, Arizona. So do you wanna give us a preview? Sure, the question would be, no, I can't. Yes. Come on. No, I can't. I thought everything was on the record. What the heck? No, no, everything's on the record, but no, I can't. You can't. This is, it would be unfair for him and it would be unfair for all the other candidates. But it will be something around that topic. It would be a question, yes. All right.


Greetings and welcome to the Introduction to Astronomy. In this lecture we are going to talk about the celestial sphere as a way of being able to measure positions on the sky from the Earth. So this is what we see when you go out at night and look up at the sky. You are seeing the celestial sphere, which is imagined to be a great sphere surrounding Earth. Now it is actually a geocentric model, meaning that it is Earth centered. Now while we know that the Earth is not the center of the universe, it is still convenient to use an Earth centered model here to be able to measure and identify locations of things like stars, planets, any other astronomical objects will appear to be on this celestial sphere. So in order to understand it, we need to look at a few definitions here, and I am going to write them out here and then we will look at them in a little more detail on the coming slides. First of all we have the zenith. The zenith is your point directly overhead.  The horizon is the circle where the celestial sphere meets the Earth. Horizon would be the edge. If you look out toward the edge where the sun rises or sets, that would be your horizon. The celestial poles, and there is a north and south pole, are the projections of the Earth pole to the celestial sphere. And the celestial equator similarly is the projection of Earth's equator out to the celestial sphere. We have the ecliptic which is the apparent path of the sun, the path that the sun appears to take. And the vernal equinox is the intersection of the ecliptic and the celestial equator when the sun is moving northward. So there are going to be two intersections, two circles will intersect twice. There will be the vernal equinox when it is moving northward and the autumnal equinox when it is moving south. So let's look at these in a little more detail and bring some images up to try to help with this a little bit. So let's look here first of all at the zenith. The zenith is the point straight overhead, so we have an observer here, and the zenith is that point directly overhead for that observer. It is different for every observer. So what is overhead for a person in one location is not going to be overhead for a person at another location. This is very specific to your area as is the horizon, the horizon where the celestial sphere intersects. Over here we see the horizon. You can see what is above the horizon and you cannot see anything below the horizon. And again, that depends on where you are located. For example, the sun may be up in your location but will not be above the horizon for another person observing on the other side of the world. Now we also have the celestial poles and here we look at the north celestial pole and we take the north pole of earth and imagine that projected outward and that would be the north celestial pole on the sky. You could do a very similar thing for the south celestial pole and there would be a south celestial pole exactly opposite the north celestial pole. This is the point around which the sky will appear to rotate. And then we have the celestial equator pictured here. That is the projection of earth's equator. So you take earth's equator here, imagine that stretched out to the sky and that would be the celestial equator. So they're all tied into earth, again earth-centric observations but that is how we see things in the sky. Now there's a couple others we want to look at that we talked about. So let's look here at the ecliptic and the ecliptic is the line in red and that is the path that the sun appears to take. Now the sun will follow along that path and we see the position here. This is the vernal equinox which is the sun in March on the first day of spring. That happens when the path of the sun crosses the celestial equator as the sun is heading north in the sky so the sun is getting further and further north. Three months later it will reach the summer solstice in June. Three months after that it will again cross the celestial equator but this time heading south. And then finally the winter solstice will be in December. So those are the beginnings of each season and they have a very specific notation. The vernal equinox at the beginning of spring, the sun crosses the celestial equator heading north. In September the autumnal equinox crosses the celestial equator heading south. In June it is furthest above the celestial equator so highest in the sky. And in December it is furthest below the celestial equator so it is lowest in the sky. Now let's look a little bit about what this means and we will see things that appear because of this circumpolar stars. So the pole would be some place right at the center here. This would be our north celestial pole. So everything seems to be around this. Polaris happens to be the bright star near to the north celestial pole but not quite exactly at it. And the stars will revolve in circles around the pole so you can see that here. And the greater the distance when they get far enough away sometimes those arcs will intersect your horizon off in the distance. And those are when stars rise and set. Those stars closer to the north celestial pole will become circumpolar stars. Stars that will always be visible. For those in far northerly latitudes those are things like Ursa Major which contains the Big Dipper. And Ursa Minor which contains Polaris the North Star. Now we also want to look a little bit about navigation and astronomy was used for navigation for a long time. And that is because the altitude of the pole how high it is above the horizon tells you your latitude. So for example the pole will be 40 degrees above the horizon for an observer at a latitude of 40 degrees. It will be on the horizon for someone at the equator. It will be at the zenith for an observer at the pole. And it will not be visible for an observer that is south of the equator. Although they will have a south celestial pole there just doesn't happen to be a bright star located near that. Now this is one way to navigate by being able to keep track of a ship at sea and keep track of where what the altitude of the pole star is. So if the pole star is getting higher in the sky you find that you're going north. If it's getting lower in the sky you would find that you are heading south and you could adjust your course appropriately. Now within the celestial sphere we do see the daily motion the rising and setting of all objects caused by earth's rotation. We also have an annual motion pictured here which is because of the revolution of earth around the sun. So the earth is moving and that means that the positioning of the sun appears in different constellations. The sun moves by about one degree per day eastward relative to the stars and will slowly move through the constellations of the zodiac. Taking about one month to go through each constellation although that varies depending on the size of the constellation and the exact positioning. Planets and our moon will also travel through these constellations. So these are very prominent constellations and we'll look at them in more detail in another lecture. But they're not prominent because they're unusually bright. They're prominent because they are located near the ecliptic which means that the sun moon and planets will pass through them. Now when we look again at the celestial sphere in those motions the planets have a very unusual motion that they wander among the stars. So the patterns of the constellations stay the same. The planets will change and we will look at this more coming up as well. But they undergo what is called retrograde motion that not only will the planet move through the stars but it will stop, go backwards and then go forward again. And we'll see that this took a while to be able to explain. We also use the astronomical objects for time. So for example we use the sun gives us our day and year by the rising and setting of the sun, technically the rotation of earth and the path of the sun through the constellations. Again the earth revolving around the sun but that gives us our year. The moon gives us our month and where do we get a week from? Well there were seven objects known to the ancients, the five planets plus the sun and the moon that gave us seven days in the week. So again some of this will come back to a little bit more detail in future lectures. Now let's look a little bit about the constellations. Constellations the definition has changed. The ancient definition is or was a grouping of bright stars and you see a prominent region like this. We would have some mythological figure and that would be named around that. So here we see the constellation of Orion here and that it has the three bright stars in the belt and another bright stars outlining the body. And that was how they were named. But there were parts of those that were not really part of a constellation if there were no bright stars around. On the other hand the modern definition about a hundred years ago was to simply say that every part of the sky was in a constellation. And we made 88 constellations using some of those historical ones and making up some new ones as well to fill in areas. So every part of the sky was in one of those constellations. Here we again see Orion but the lighter area is the border of Orion and everything within that light box is part of the constellation of Orion. There may be no bright stars near it but it is similar to national boundaries. So the boundaries of a country may be defined even if there are no large cities anywhere near it. So the large cities would be like the stars, the constellation would be like the country boundary. So every point on the sky no matter what point you pick out would be in one of these constellations. So let's go ahead and finish up this section with our summary here. And what we've looked at a little bit is the celestial sphere of a way of observing the sky. It will depend on your observer's location. So the appearance will be different depending on where you are on Earth. And the planets and stars have different motions. The stars move together as a group whereas the planets tend to wander through the stars. And we looked at the modern and ancient definitions of a constellation and how that has changed. So that concludes this lecture on the celestial sphere. We'll be back again next time for another topic in astronomy. So until then have a great day everyone and I will see you in class.


Happy Mother's Day to all the amazing moms out there today, especially to my great mom and any other moms in my family Happy Mother's Day to you guys today. I'm doing a top 10 video on the top 10 best moms in film Now this is obviously my opinion There are so many moms in film culture and video game culture and TV culture and all that genre and stuff And I just wanted to talk about like my top 10 favorites now Some of these might be a little bit controversial some of them might be a little bit recent I might not have picked from the ones like from older classic films But I picked what really has resonated and stuck with me So without further ado guys make sure to tell me down below what you're guys to tell me down below What is your top 10 moms or just some of your favorite moms in film or TV culture in general? But without further ado, let's get straight into this coming down at number 10 is gonna be sdavis's character from the Babadook I know her mom isn't really the best if you look into the boba couldn't see like is this thing Real is it not is she just crazy and she a psychopath in some senses. Yeah She could be all of that but the thing I like about this character is one She just in the end of the day wants to care about her son That is probably one of the biggest culture things for this. I put her number 10 because as much as I love the boba Look, she's not the best mom in general because she does kind of like try to kill her son But the thing about this is like is it the demon is at her? She's just crazy But in the end of the day, she does love her son and that the most important thing is is making sure her Son is safe and is happy me down at number nine is gonna be Ellen Ripley from alien Given Ellen Ripley is not really truly a mom in culture But I think she has a long a lot of mom things to her You know the relationship she carries with newt is a lot of mom is stuff I look at the films and I see that you see this through all the alien films that Ellen Ripley Sigourney Weaver's character goes throughout and you see a lot of those mom qualities she cares for her crew She loves her family in general and she does whatever it does to take and protect them Even if it's in the most badass of ways me down at number eight is gonna be Francis McDormand's character from three billboards This film is pretty recent But this mom really does stick out to me for one if you die and Francis McDormand's your mom She's gonna be kicking kids in the dick because she's gonna want them to know that hey My daughter really meant a lot to me and that's a lot of things about three billboards She is this desperate mom trying to figure out and trying to get people to care still about her daughter's death Her daughter died and no one cared that that's something strong No one cared about this situation and that's something that Francis McDormand's trying to arise up into here And I love that about her character and her the just the sensibility she has of this mom You could care She was a loving caring mom and after she lost her daughter and after really everyone just kept stopped caring about it She obviously came to play and really see left some force in there with her to find out Who did this and make everyone else start caring again plus like I said, it's Francis McDormand She's a great great person to have is your mom coming down at number seven is gonna be Holly Hunter from the big sick I loved this film. This is I might one of my favorite films of all time now I've seen this film so many times but the thing that always sticks out to me is Holly Hunter's performance as The mom the mom in this character She just you you get so close you can look at her and see a lot of sensibilities to my own mom And I think that's a reason that I love the big six so much. She's caring. She's understanding She's there for her daughter and she just wants what's best for her. She's a great mom She has great humor to her and plus she tries to get along with the boyfriend Which is a nice thing.  I still think it's a good film Laurie Metcalf's Relationship that she has with source of Ronan in this film is something so relatable I think a lot of people can pick apart either your son with a mom relationship or a daughter in a mom relationship in some way shape or form Laurie Metcalf's mom embodies all those relationships with source of Ronan with the caring and sensibilities with those loving Sensibilities with the car ride conversations with the conversations about college and school and just trying to like when you're When you're going crazy as a teenager and you're like, I'm the best at everything I can do whatever I want and Laurie Metcalf's trying to hold you down and tell you You know you can believe in that and I think that's one of the best aspects of lady bird says sense It's a part of lady bird that I didn't really pick apart to the second viewing of the film And I just think Laurie Metcalf really played that part to a par and it was just fantastic No wonder she got nominated for this role. I mean down at my top five We're getting down to the top guys my top five favorite mom in film history is the mother from room or might I say Brie Larson This role is one of the best performances. I've seen in years I love the Brie Larson's take on this But the thing is is that pretty much her son and her are locked in this room for the whole entire film She doesn't care if she dies to get her son out into the open to live a healthy life to live a life better than this Because for the first five years of her son's life She he only knows about this little room thinking that's all it is and that TV is faking that door the Explorer is faking All these different things are faking. It's just them two and this weird man But she's one of the best characters in there. She cares for her son She wants the best for him even though she kind of does screw up a little bit in the end She's still in the end of the day wants what's best for her son She cares she loves him and tries to keep him in healthiest shape possible And you just see all those loving sensibilities in this film coming at number four is gonna be Kill Bill the bride now.  I love the blind side I guess some people can say oh, well, it's kind of like a made for television movie No, I don't care the performance Sandra Bullock gives in this film is one of the best in recent years for Supporting actress and actresses in general I love the performance of Sandra Bullock brought in here the loving mother that you can believe in this true story that she just Cares for everyone anyone who gets welcomed into this family. She just she's like my mom in the sense Like she welcomes people into this family this big growing family. I love all the sensibilities She brings to this character the charm the humor the sweetness the cooking everything I can somehow relate to this relationship, and I love that the relationship She has with her kids her husband and even the big Michael or the great guy I mean at number two is gonna be Elastigirl from the Incredibles Who knew Holly on tour could be another great mom in another film Incredibles one of my favorite films of all time But the thing about Elastigirl is it's Elastigirl. She's a great mom She cares about her kids who cares about this family even though she's a superhero She gives that all up given we see in the Incredibles two trailers that she's kind of going back into the action But she's doing this for her children so they have a life to live but in the first credible she brings them together She keeps them safe. She has those motherly instincts and plus she's stretchy She's badass and I love her coming in at number one is hands down the best mom in any film and that is Sarah Connor, and I don't mean any other version of Sarah Connor.  She's badass She's kick-ass she turns into a warrior I mean she takes years of training to become this warrior in Terminator 2 That is the definition of a kick-ass Bad-ass mom who will do anything to protect her child. I love Sarah Connor She is my favorite mom in film history guys. That's my top 10 moms in film Tell me guys make sure to comment down below and tell me what some of your guys's favorite moms are I know I probably missed out on a ton. There's so many moms when I was doing research for this I probably missed out something you guys are gonna put down some in the comments I'm gonna be like damn. I shouldn't knew about that. Maybe I should have put down Martha from Batman v Superman Again guys thank you guys so much for watching if you're new here Make sure that like and subscribe button make sure to share this video with all the great moms out there because I'm a charming kid So I like to charm the moms and also go ahead up all my social media links down below where you guys can talk more geeky culture Newer culture or even send me some other funny memes and stuff I'd love seeing that kind of stuff also the most important thing is go hit up sandwich on films down below because down below That's where you guys can get into advanced movie screens check out some movie news and movie reviews So of course guys make sure to look out for a ton of videos this weekend I'm gonna be hitting some double uploads each day the almost week I have tons of content for you guys this week. Of course guys. Thank you guys again so much for watching and until next time Stay classy


The number 333, seeing a blue day every day. Oh, there's a purple octopus. How valid are signs and synchronicities and should you believe in them? If you're new here, I'm Sarah and I created this channel to help you build a more beautiful and loving and fulfilling lifestyle through self-mastery and spirituality. And today we're going to talk about signs and synchronicities, what they mean and if they are something that you should be paying attention to or not. Do I believe in signs and synchronicities? Yes and no. If we back up to the basics of law of assumption, whatever you believe to be true is. If you believe some type of synchronicity like seeing a repeating number or a certain bird or whatever means something, it does. If you don't believe it means something, it doesn't. So, in my experience, I believe signs can be helpful but I also believe they're a little bit of a crutch. So what do I mean by that? If we're trying to manifest something in our lives or create a new belief system, sometimes what we'll do or what I have done is look for these synchronicistic signs and that tells me that, hey, this is actually happening, I'm on the right track and the reason that it helps me is because I don't truly believe in my ability to bring in that manifestation. So I look at signs as a little bit of a crutch or like training wheels to help my mind believe that my manifestation is coming in. It also can help you get excited about your desire and help you get into the state of you already having it and believing that it's coming, which is the whole point of manifesting in law of assumption. But then what can happen is it can be a little bit of a catch 22. So say, for example, in your mind, you've decided that seeing a yellow duck indicates that your career change is coming, a relationship is coming, money is coming in, whatever it may be and you see this yellow duck multiple times a day or every day or whatever and you're getting excited and you're like, yes, it's coming. But then you don't see it one day and then you don't see it for a week and then you begin to doubt the fact that this manifestation is actually coming in. So what these signs can do is take away your power if you become too reliant on them. But then I think there's some sort of a time of crossover where you don't need the sign anymore because you have that belief instilled in you that your manifestation is either coming or it's already here and it's already happened and manifested into your life. So then if you see that synchronicity, say it's a repeating number, a bird, butterfly, whatever, you're like, oh, that's nice, but you don't actually rely on that sign to validate your manifestation. Because what can happen is if we become so reliant on these signs and synchronicities, the amount that we're seeing them or not seeing them can waver your own belief in achieving that manifestation. So they definitely can be useful. I think it's just a balance that you have to find as far as allowing those signs to mean something to you, to excite you, to allow you to get into the state and not becoming so dependent on them that your manifestation actually relies on them. So I think they're great. I think they're fun. I definitely have some that I use and have used in the past. Things that I've given meanings to, whether I meant to give it a meaning or not, sometimes they just kind of happen. Sometimes your mind will just connect with something and that synchronicity will mean something to you without you even actually going out and deciding it. So it can be definitely a fun tool to use. I would just caution that you don't use it as a determining factor of whether you're getting your manifestation or not. You need to decide that you're getting your manifestation or that it's already here. You have to decide that no matter what synchronicities or signs that you're seeing or not seeing, it doesn't matter because it's already coming in and you've already decided this manifestation is here. So have fun with it, enjoy the synchronicities. I'm curious of what kind of signs and synchronicities you do see. Please let me know in the comments below. And I do talk about this a little bit in my repeating numbers video. I'll link that up here about how just because an overall meaning of something is true for the majority of people, like maybe a red cardinal, means that a past on loved one is around and I use that. I feel like whenever I see a red cardinal, like my grandpa's here. But that doesn't mean that for 100% of people, that's the meaning of that red cardinal. My biggest advice to you when you're looking for signs or synchronicities is to have fun with it. Have fun with it, but don't become too reliant on them. Don't give your power away. You have the power within you. You are made of God, of the Creator, and He has built us to be able to do these things through Him, okay? So don't put all of your eggs outside of yourself and outside of the creation that God has made you to be because it's within you. And that's the bottom line. I hope you guys enjoyed this video. If you did, please don't forget to give it a thumbs up and subscribe so we can hang out again next week. I love you guys so much. Have fun with your repeating numbers and your signs and all that. It can be definitely very useful. And don't forget, be limitlessly yourself.