Welcome back to The Breakfast on Plasticity Africa, time for us to head straight to our second conversation. And like we mentioned earlier on, we're looking at the issue of direct or indirect primaries and how the argument is going. Will direct primaries affect, you know, or enhance democracy, internal democracy in our political, in the political parties? And would it also help threaten the democratic process? We have been joined by Senator Anthony Adefuye. Good morning, Senator. Anthony Adefuye. Good morning. Okay. Thank you once again for joining us this morning on the show. Good morning. So the proponents of direct primaries believe that indirect primaries is not in consonant with the tenets of democracy. Do you agree with the School of Thoughts? Well, I think they both have their advantages and disadvantages. Now when you do direct primaries, you allow every member of the party to participate and therefore you get a better reception of the people. But when you're using direct primaries, it means you have to appoint delegates and these delegates, you have to go to a national vote place and then vote for the candidate. Now the disadvantage of that is that those delegates can be bought. They can be easily bought. It doesn't mean that when you do direct primaries, you cannot be influenced by money or by any other thing. But you have many more people participating when it is direct primaries than indirect primaries. So the best would be direct primaries. Now when you do direct primaries, for instance, let us take the position of Mr. President. If you want to appoint a presidential candidate, it means that in every vote of the Federation, in every local government, everybody would have to vote for their choice. Now if you do by indirect primaries, it will be some certain delegate appointed by the votes and some statutory delegates, who by their position are qualified as delegates, that will assemble at the place and then nominate a candidate. So both are called for both direct primaries. For instance, when you do a direct primaries, it is more evolving. It is more time consuming and sometimes it could be valid, you know, but the valid can be contained in certain votes or in certain places. If you do not affect the general results of the nomination. But however, when it comes to delegates, well, we all know the President is Nigerian, because everybody has a price and therefore those delegates can be put over. So I would say that direct primaries is better. Okay, well, now that you've said that, there's also some angles with regards to direct primaries that people have mentioned. For example, not very many parties, and of course, if you look at the two major parties in Nigeria, they don't necessarily have a proper membership register or membership list. And I'm pointing this out because, for example, Andi Uba of the APC, when they had his primary elections or his primaries, they claimed 230,000 members of the party voted Andi Uba. But when it was time for election, he barely got up to 50,000 votes from the APC in the party. And that clearly shows that that can be manipulated, the number of votes can be manipulated in a direct primary situation. And a lot of parties don't actually have a proper register or membership register. So isn't that a challenge for direct primaries? No, no, no, no, I don't agree with you. Now, when you have direct primaries, it means that in every vote, there will be an election to nominate a candidate. You cannot manipulate all the 1,000 votes, where at least 100 people participate, at least 100 to 1,000 people will be participating in every vote. No, it is difficult to manipulate. But where you have delegates, where you have maybe 100, 100 delegates from each state and we have at 6-6, those are only 3,000, it's under 3,000, and we say in the private political situation, the majority of them can be voted, the majority of them can be voted. So let us also choose now for direct primaries. If you remember during the FKRO era, it was the direct primaries that was applied. And it is still a judge as the first election ever, that ever took place in Nigeria. It was so peaceful and everybody voted for the candidates for their choice. So I will at any time opt for direct primaries. Okay, let's also look at some concerns as regards direct primaries. Of course, now that it has been adopted, we're hoping that when it's been sent to the president for assent, that he will assent it. That's another discourse entirely. But you also have people saying that because it has also been mandated that INEC would have to monitor the entire process and that might just be a lot of stress to be very precise. It will stretch INEC. What are your thoughts? Don't you think that's cumbersome already? Normally INEC will witness those primaries. We expect that INEC will be neutral and will record exactly what they saw. Now all these are the conditions that we must be considered. Now if we now adopt the electronic system, that will even be better. That will be easier. But you know that only a percentage of Nigerians can use the electronic system. So we still have to go to the works to line up behind the concept of our choice to choose a candidate. So go up and down in any condition at all. The direct primaries will be better. It's difficult for you to buy up those nice numbers of party members. It's always very difficult. And it's always very organized because you don't know what is happening in the other works. So whatever you find in your own work, you all just record it and wait for the coalition of those numbers. So when it comes to direct or indirect, you all have to assemble in the place and begin with some piece of paper to go and drop in the box. All those countries will be manipulated. But the direct primaries will go just line up and they just count all of you. It's always the decision that you cannot adopt. I also want you to respond to the parties. For example, the People's Democratic Party that is saying that they don't think the National Assembly should be the one deciding how parties carry out their internal elections. I'm not hearing you clearly. Can you hear me clearly now? Yes, I heard you now. Okay, so I'm asking your response to the PDP saying that they don't think the party should be told how to carry out their own internal elections. And that National Assembly should not be the one to tell parties and parties should be allowed to decide whether they use direct or indirect primaries for themselves. Do you agree with that? Do you think parties should be left alone to decide direct or indirect? No, I don't agree with that. So whatever happens, a party is assessing the situation. And whoever is nominated will rule the country. Therefore, it is a matter of for all Nigerians not that party alone to decide which method to use. You know, they can't work to answer. You don't want it to judge how well you work to understand. You want it to judge how well every Nigerian will make up their mind and make their choice. Or not, not, not say that they need to participate. And they should not now. There are so many parties. And I don't know why the National Assembly has not made a move to give me these parties to free your form. So that then we can control those great parties. So in the situation where you have all the parties, all the great parties, and every, every Nigerian can wake up today and say they are from the whole party that they have this issue. And then it is, because we have to monitor what they do in those parties. So that Nigeria can have a better government. Where those parties put somebody in the party. All right. Senator Anthony Defouye, member of the Lagos State Governor's Advisory Council. Government Advisory Council, beg your pardon. Thank you very much for your time this morning. Thanks for speaking with us. I wish you a beautiful day ahead. Thank you. All right. This is where we will be saying goodbye and wrapping up the conversation this morning. Merci. Of course. Thank you so much for being part of the conversation. We will definitely come through tomorrow. And if you missed out on any part of the conversation, it's all right to catch up on Facebook and Instagram and YouTube. Visit PlaceTVAfrica. I am Mese Boko. Do have a great morning. And I am Osaogi Ogbonwang. Have a great Thursday.


Welcome to this presentation about provably secure hardware masking in the transition and glitch-robust probing model. I am Gail Donkassiers, and this is joint work with Francois Xavier Stauda, my advisor. If you look at the approximate timeline of masking, all starts with the invention of the section attacks. Then people developed some empirical quantum measures, which were then studied in a more formalized model, which then enables to prove the security of some quantum measures. Finally, if you want to have a very strong sense of security, we'll sometimes want to have formal verification of the quantum measures and of their implementation, and finally, have some automated generation of the quantum measure. So this is sort of valid for both masked software, glitch-robust hardware for which we have already seen, for instance, in previous chess editions, some works that want to make formal verification or even automated generation. And in this work, we study hardware masking is the slightly more powerful adversarial setting, which is the transition-robust masked hardware. And we aim to design and prove the security of a masking scheme. So all starts with our circuit model, which is quite abstract, our arithmetic circuit, in which we have a combinatorial gate, such that here, the XOR gate or the N gate are in arithmetic circuit addition and modifications. I will use both interchangeably. And we also have the sequential notion of registers, which in practice are implemented by flip-flops, and that corresponds to a sequential evaluation of the circuits. Here they are represented by these boxes. So now that we have our circuit model, we can analyze how to mask this example circuit. So at the heart of masking, there is the notion of secret sharing, where you replace a secret bit A with a set of shares that are taken randomly, such that there are some, or the XOR, is the secret itself. So here we mask or share the two input sharing with simply two shares. Note that we have our wires that are shared. We need a masking compiler that will replace each wire by a sharing and each logic gate in the original circuit with a masked gadget that performs the same operation as the original logic gate, but in the unmasked domain. So here we have first a simple XOR gadget that's simply made of N XOR gates. For register, that's even as simple. We just replicate the register as many times as there are shares. And finally, for the N gates, a bit more complex. There have been many work, but here is an example of N gates. I will not go too much into the detail about specific gadgets or multiplication gadgets in this presentation. If you want more details, all of them are in the paper. The security of such a masking scheme can be evaluated in the T probing model, whereby the adversary is able to get the value of T chosen wires in the circuit. And we say that the secret is T probing secure if no adversary can learn anything about the secret input or the secret. The T probing security is hard to verify. First, because its computational cost of verification grows exponentially with the size of the secret, and second, because it is not composable. That is, if you take one gadget that is T probing secure, another gadget that's also T probing secure, and you connect both, the result might not be T probing secure. So usually, we'd like to use a stronger notion, which is called simulatability, and that can be used as a basis for composition in such a way that you can first evaluate the security of individual gadgets and then evaluate how they are connected together in order to prove the security of a larger secret. And simulatability is a broad framework that has been used in many concrete instances. For instance, it covers the definition of n-i non-interference, strong non-interference, spiny, and so on. Concretely, simulatability works by having a set of probes. In this simple example circuit, z is a probe, and asking the question of what are the inputs to the circuits that are needed to be able to simulate properly this probe, assuming that the distinguisher that has to distinguish between our simulation and the real circuit knows the values of all the inputs of the circuit. So in this case, if you want to simulate z, you will need to know both input x and y. In this other example, where you observe an input x with a random bit, then you don't need to know anything about the input as the probes appears to the distinguisher as just a fresh random value. Then if you look at this AND gate, you don't have this masking effect of the randomness, and you will need the value x to simulate. And a last example would be where we use a randomness in two distinct cases. And in that case, if the adversary observes both z1 and z2, you will need to know x and y to simulate. This can be seen by observing that the XOR between z1 and z2 is equal to the XOR between x and y. So in summary, this notion of simulatability is the key for composability because it helps you replace the knowledge of probes by just the knowledge of some inputs of the gadgets. And once you know that you need only to know some inputs of the gadget, you can forget about what's inside this gadget. Know that your equity is this framework of simulatability. Let's see how we can make concrete T probing security proof. So the intuition for our proofs is the share isolation. So when we have share isolation in circuit, the circuit is split into one part for each share, and those parts don't communicate. So in this example, if we forget about the great part, we have one green share and one orange share, and those are not interconnected. And here we have two shares. So we have security against one probe because if the adversary probes the green part, it doesn't learn anything about the orange part, which means that it doesn't learn nothing about a1 nor b1, which means that it doesn't learn anything about a nor b. And this extends simply to higher order as long as you have more shares than you have probes. And this share isolation notion is composable, and it is further more trivial to instantiate linear gadgets that are share isolating. However, this is not the case for non-linear gadgets. For or and gates, that is great here, it has actually interconnections between the orange and green parts. So the idea for security proof is to have some simulated isolation. And that's what we called BINY by probe isolating interference. Let's now look at the definition of BINY. So basically definition of BINY relates to how we need inputs to simulate probes. As a source of inspiration, let's look at how it happens for share isolating gadget. In a share isolating gadget here on the right, if you have to simulate an output probe whose share index is 0, we need possibly all the inputs in the same circuit share, that is x0 and y0. If on the other hand, we have a probe inside the gadget, it will be inside one circuit share, inside the circuit share 2 for this example, and we will need the inputs of circuit share 2. And if we need to simulate both jointly, we'll need all those input shares. For BINY, it will be a bit of the same. So if we have first one output probe, we will have the corresponding input shares to simulate. If on the other hand, we have an internal probe, since there is no share isolation inside the circuit, we will let the simulator choose what additionally it needs as input share index. So in this case, he choose the share index 1. And that's how BINY works. And basically, the only difference is that we kind of blow the line inside the gadget about where the internal probes are. But from the outside, it doesn't matter. You could make the upper boxes disappear, and it would basically behave the same from the point of view of composability. Let's go physically. Optional, we have been analyzing arithmetic circuit, but in the real world, we have more CMOS logic. That is, we will have in practice glitches. This means that when you probe one value, after a transition of one clock cycle to another, it will not be stable. It will move. And the value that you will take at this point can be kind of arbitrary functions of the input of the combinatorial circuit. So in our model, we'll have an extended probe that if it probes this wire, you will get as values for the adversary all the values of the input wires to the combinatorial circuit. Then we also have transition. So if we execute a circuit for two consecutive clock cycles, first clock cycle, second clock cycle, then one probe might capture the transition between two states of the wires. And using only one probe, the adversary might learn information about those two states. So this gives us a second kind of extended probes. And of course, both transition and glitches can be combined together. And then the adversary learns all the input of the combinatorial circuit for two consecutive clock cycle. Let's now briefly discuss the glitch-only case. This is a case we already tackled in our previous Hardware Private Circuit paper. The intuition for this is that if you have a share isolating circuit, then you have no problem with glitches. Simply said, one glitch or one set of glitches only propagate into one circuit share. So one glitch-extended probe will not teach you more in terms of number of circuit shares than one plain old probe. So the old argument about counting circuit shares still applies. So we can try to translate this to piny by making glitch-robust piny gadgets, which amount to saying, OK, the extended probe that you have still due to glitches inside of your gadgets are not a problem. You still have this piny property. And then once you have that, we can have a composition theorem to handle the glitch that are crossing multiple gadgets, and for which you cannot handle them at the level of a simple definition of one gadget. And this composition theorem is basically that if in the non-glitchy case, you have a valid composition or secure composition based on a simulatability-based definition, and you take glitch-robust gadgets, such as take piny gadgets decompose. Now you take glitch-robust piny gadgets.  Let's now move at the transition-robust case, or the glitch-plus-transition-robust case, which doesn't matter much at this level of abstraction. So the good news here is that if you take a share isolating circuit G and you have a transition, you don't have issue. Because since this wire on which you have the transition is in the same circuit share for both executions, it asks you for the same circuit share on the input, and then our intuition still holds that you have more circuit shares than probes. So if you go for piny, we can do a transition-robust piny, which will take into account for transition, where both part of the transition-exended probe will be inside one execution of the gadgets. Then for comparison, however, there is a bad news, which is that if you look at this example, let's take a transition-extended probe. That happens to be in two executions of the same gadget as previously, but in this case, we make the gadget loop itself. That is, we have a first execution here, and the output goes back to the gadget, which is represented here for the second execution. And there, if we want to see how we can simulate this probe, we first need to simulate this part of the probe, and since we have transition-robust piny, we will need probably one circuit share to simulate this. Then in order to simulate the second part of the probe and the output for the first execution of the gadget, according to the transition-robust piny definition, we might need two circuit shares. And now we have a problem, since we have more circuit shares needed to simulate than we have probe, so we have two versus one. And that basically means that we cannot compose transition-robust gadgets. However, we have this intuition that all these observations that share isolating gadgets still work, even if you have transitions. So the real cause here is a mismatch between the properties of share isolating gadgets and the properties that we require for piny. So concretely for share isolating, let's go again on the second execution. If you ask to simulate for one probe, you will, of course, need to know one circuit share, but then for true share isolating gadget, you will automatically be able to simulate, to get the value for the corresponding output shares. And this is an additional property that is not satisfied for piny. And if you pack it into piny, which is the definition that we called opiny, so you add this property on top of piny, you get the following result. For this second execution, you can simulate the output. Okay, you don't care about it, but this means that no, based on this input, you know that the simulator will be able to simulate both the probe and the corresponding output, which is exactly what you need for the previous execution of the gadget. So you can simulate, no, the full probe based on only one circuit share. And actually, this generalizes well and we have a composition theorem that says transition robust opiny gadget compose, that is, you can compose them and get still an opiny gadget. So that's one solution to get provably secure gates and transition robust composition. However, there are some costs as you need to make your gadget not only piny, but no opiny, which is a stronger property. Therefore, you might need more cost in terms of area, randomness, or latency. Another solution that we investigate in the paper is to use pipeline bubbles. ID would be to completely avoid those transition or actually make them benign. That is, we'll make it such that when we have a transition between two states, one of the states will be some public or nonsensitive states. Therefore, the transition probe will not learn you more about the secrets than would the non-extended probe. And we do this by having a kind of cleanup cycle, every other cycle. So we put an empty state or non-secret state between two secret states. And this makes that you do not need any transition between two sensitive states. And you do not need extra hardware to do this, except maybe a bit of control. But the main cost of this is that it lowers the throughput. So concretely, if we take an example here, let's imagine we want to evaluate an SP and a block cipher where we have an implementation of an S-box. That's a two-stage pipeline. So let's imagine that there are only three S-boxes in the block cipher. And we implement them in a serial way. That is, we only implement one instance of the S-box and we evaluate it sequentially. So let's look at the first round. So R0, we take the data of our first S-box there. So that's we have the computation there. At the next cycle, we put a gray box. That is, we put a nonsensitive state like useless computation. And of course, our state is now at the second stage of the pipeline. Now that we've cleaned the first stage of the pipeline, we can go with the second S-box. And the pipeline bubble propagates so that we don't have a transition between sensitive state there. And so on, and so on, we can do for it for the whole three S-boxes. We put again an empty cycle and we can go on for the second round. So as you can see, every other cycle, we just put useless data in this. So this costs us a factor of basically two in throughput. But we don't need extra hardware. So that's the basic solution. And then we investigated an alternative, which is to amortize those bubbles in order to improve the throughput. So the core idea for this is the original observation that this parallel piny transition robustness is still sometimes okay. You sometimes don't need opiny to compose and this is the specific case where you have parallel composition. That is in your abstract arithmetic circuit when the two evaluations of the circuit are in parallel, exactly like the S-box of an SPN. And there, if you have a transition extended probe between the two evaluations of the gadgets, since those gadgets are very similar and you don't have an input output dependency between them, you can show that this parallel composition is still a piny transition robust. And therefore we can allow transition to a career between those two execution as long as they are in parallel. If you go to the next round, you will need still a pipeline bubble. So practically, on our example, this means that we can directly feed in consecutive cycles the three S-boxes. And then only after that, we need a pipeline bubble before going to the next block cipher round. So this quite nicely amortizes and it's even better than that because usually if we take our examples of block ciphers, we see that in order to evaluate the second round, we need to have the output of the first round. So we cannot move this back to the left. It's just like dependent computational dependency. So you need anyway this pipeline bubble, which means that basically previous architecture, such as the one we built for the HPC paper, already satisfies this bubble condition. And this bubble is a kind of minimal cost that you will always have. So we can have glitch plus transition robustness security as exactly the same cost, actually the same circuit than the basic HPC that was only proven to be secure again glitch. So basically this observation works as long as you are in a kind of SPN evaluation. So summarizing on our results, we have three basic proposals. The opiniy proposal, the one where you put bubbles and you completely avoid transition between two sensitive states and the one where you amortize it. So across a few criteria, we can first look at generosity, the first two opiniy and bubbles works for any secret. This amortized bubble, you only gain in some specific secrets when you do many parallel evaluation. Then in terms of area, randomness usage latency, the bubble and amortized bubble do not cost more than a non-transition robust case. However, they will cost more for the opiniy case. And finally, in terms of throughput, you don't pay except in this bubble case. So as a conclusion, when it applies this amortized bubble proposal seems to be the best of both worlds. So if we concretely look at the cost, you know, we look at the opiniy proposal, the HPC one, which is equivalent to this amortized bubbles and the DOM, our cautionary notes on the DOM, we should know that it's not composable. So starting at some masking order, you will start to get composition issues and then broken security. So that's kind of just for reference, but I wouldn't recommend to use it for real-world implementations. So in terms of area, we can see that opiniy and amortized bubble or HPC are very close to each other. So the overhead of opiniy is quite moderate while we have a significant, but not huge overhead compared to DOM. And in terms of randomness usage, we can see that opiniy is a bit above the two proposals. Finally, looking at the latency, we can see that opiniy has a quite steep overhead over the HPC, which itself is a bit more costly than DOM. So just cautionary notes, this is only for current gadgets and in principle, if we had to design, for instance, better opiniy gadgets, those results could improve, but that's the best that we have for now. To conclude, my contribution is a set of probably secure glitch and transition robust masking scheme for hardware circuits that's applied to existing masking scheme in some condition and also for some new kind of gadgets. Natural future work for work is to go on to automated verification of the properties required on the implementation. I leave you with a list of topics that are in the paper and that I didn't have time to discuss here, which is some kind of more sophisticated gadget, either they contain loop or they can be modified during the execution, the discussion of gadgets for the transition only and non-glitchy case, and finally the construction for all of our gadgets. Thank you for your attention. I'll be happy to answer any question.


Hello everyone and welcome back to the Falcons final whistle podcast now. I know what you are thinking This is not the voice of Scott bear and you would be correct. This is not Scott bear. This is Tori McElhaney I'm here with Ash Edmunds. And yes, there is no Scott bear He's going to be inactive for a little bit and Scott if you're listening one high and two see you soon We miss you But all of that aside, let's actually get into this game right off the bat this 27-24 win against the Bears at home Ashton, you are not a cross for me, but you are in a different Radio booth at Mercedes-Benz Stadium. We are currently trying to make this work via zoom So Ashton for you What were kind of your major takeaways from from this win that I felt like kind of had a little bit of everything Yeah, for sure I think my one of my biggest takeaways and I think it was obvious but just containing Justin Fields last week He had a hundred and forty seven rushing yards alone this week the Bears rushing attack only had 160 all together And and the Falcons did a great job at just limiting his running ability I think he finished with 85 yards under a hundred yards He's just you know over the last two weeks like you said he's been going on its hair and I think you know what DMP said this past week about just containing Justin Fields And with Arthur Arthur Smith was emphasizing all week You know, I think the Falcons defense really came out and did that really well today and you know post game players You know, they were people like Grady Jarrett people like Jay LaHawkins You know, they were just saying that they came together as a unit And you know, you could see that on the field today against the Bears They truly, you know stuck together until the end they played through all four quarters It was like you said it was some it was some minor mistakes here and there But I think the Falcons finished really strong at the end and just containing Do a third quarterback like Justin Fields was very very important today. I would say Yeah, no, I absolutely agree and this is something that we're actually gonna get into a bit more in depth and detail later in the Podcast, but I think for me when I look back on this game. It was definitely a defensive story I felt like I mean I wrote that after the game My whole story was about the defense and what I thought they were able to do on Sunday in the win But I also I think something that's gonna be Overlooked to a certain extent in this game is how balanced the Falcons offense was I was very surprised by the balance of which I saw this offensive half because you're coming off of a game where Marcus Marriota, let's be honest didn't play at the level He knows he needs to play the Falcons know he needs to play and the Falcons have over the course of this year Really relied on the run And so when you're looking at coming into this game with two teams that you know for a factor of wanting to run the ball at a Exceptionally high clip two of the leading rushing offenses in the league I mean you you knew what the game plan was coming in and I thought the fact that the Falcons I thought did a really good job Offensively of creating a more balanced attack in a way that we really haven't seen them do in I'm gonna be honest the last probably four or five weeks So that for me that for me was something that I kind of just took from this game defensive stuff aside but we are going to get into and this is we're leading this podcast off with the The play and the moment that I feel like everyone is talking about and not just everyone for the Falcons and in the Falcons fandom But also everyone I think Looking at the Falcons from the league at large and and that moment is in the second quarter Cordero Patterson, he he breaks away on a 19-yard run and gets the ball punched out of his hands and the Bears go and Score a touchdown and lead at I think it was 17-7 with Yep, yeah with about four minutes and 30 seconds left in in the second quarter And they kick off and CP the ball and the ball lands in his hands And he proceeds to run the ball back for a 103 yard kickoff return for a touchdown That is the ninth of his career and it's a new NFL record Ashton you were actually in the locker room talking to CP after the game What were his I guess emotions like because I feel like this was a very emotional moment for him to kind of I don't know He's in the record books now in terms of the league at large I mean, I feel like that in and of itself is a pretty emotional Moment for him. Yeah, for sure CP was such in a great move. Um, he was just so happy I think you know, he was just I think that moment for him was just really surreal for him You know, like he mentioned guys like Josh cribs and Leon Washington I'm who are amazing, you know kickoff and pump returners, you know He he gave them credit and he he said that, you know, I'm sure these guys are happy for me But he was just so honored to be in this position. Um, he was honored to have people mention, you know, Hall of Fame Like mentioning him in Hall of Fame Um, uh, what's the Hall of Fame? Uh, yeah, just context. Yeah. Yeah. Just conversation Concepts, but um overall cordel was was such in a great mood He said that he was going to give the game ball to his kid or the kickoff ball to his kids and You know, he he was he was just, you know Just such in a in an amazing move But I think, you know, the main thing that he talked about was just the team and how the team came together Um, and and how he didn't do well on that fumble. Um, because he said when he was on the sideline, you know It was kind of replaying in his head and it was kind of getting to him But he said as a football player you can't do well in those type of thing those types of things and you know When the ball landed in cp's hands, I mean he he literally, you know took off and it was it was to the races from there But he was surprised that the Bears kicked this one.  I'm gonna take this to the house like I have nothing to lose I am I'm going all the way and and and he did and what I'll say too Was really interesting after the game was hearing his teammates talk about him And you know, Arthur Smith, of course always speaks very highly of cordial Patterson and what he's been able to do for the Falcons The last two years But it was funny because marcus mariota talked about it And he he kind of said the exact same thing where it was like it You could feel when cp ran out there and the ball landed in his hands that he was gonna return it And then I think it was grady jared Who also was asked about kind of being on the field for that moment because it is a history making moment He even said he was like We are a different team with cordial Patterson on the field with us and I thought that was A fantastic quote because I do think that it's true We have seen games where cp has not been active as he was on ir and missed four games had to have that knee surgery procedure and The Falcons missed him and even though the Falcons were still able to run the ball I think had a relatively good in productive clip without cp there There are just things that cp does that especially over the last two years You look at kind of this guy who has a decade long career in the league and has had like this renaissance for himself It's very fascinating because he just he's still explosive And I think that is something that you always hear Especially these type of playmakers for for running backs receivers that they lose a certain sense of explosiveness as they age I don't think we can say that about cp. I think he is just as explosive If not more so now then maybe he was eight years ago Yep, and that's something that he emphasized in the locker room. It's like he still has so much football ahead of him um I think he somebody made a joke about him like once he reached and the nine kickoff return touchdown that he was You know that he'll be done with special teams, but he was like no, I still got many more left to me Says he has fresh legs and like you said He's a senior vet, but like it seems like he gets more and more explosive By the year, so um, it was just great to see cp reached his milestone. Um, and you know It truly was definitely a turning point in the game for the falcons Yeah, absolutely and another not necessarily a turning point But something that you've already mentioned that I think we're going to go into more depth here is the fact that this defense I thought played as Collective and as productive as we have seen them play especially in the last four weeks But I mean I would go as far as even to say that this defense performs At a level today that I would put up there with a few of their wins the browns win The 49ers win they I thought this defense came in with a very specific game plan And that was something that I was talking to Abdullah Anderson about After the game where he We were talking and he kind of was talking about how they felt like they needed That win and they needed to do it in a way that they were holding Justin Fields because Let's be honest They're coming off of a loss to carolina where they allowed carolina to run for over 200 yards You knew that you were facing a bears offense That had a very specific game plan in that they also want to run the ball at a very high clip They're the number one brushing offense in the league So all of that to say that the falcons knew what they were getting into with this game And it was funny because the way that abdulla anderson was talking it really made it feel like The falcons game plan was to make sure that Justin Fields Didn't beat them and I I think that was like that to me was something that rang true I think in many of my conversations with some of the defenders in the locker room and you know Just the the stats of it is is very interesting because like what you said They held Justin Fields to 85 rushing yards held the bears offense to 160 rushing yards And I know both of those stat lines seem like a lot But I think we have to put it in the context of the bears Haven't been below 200 rushing yards as an offense in over five weeks And that's also the lowest per carry average for Justin Fields since week two Week two that's so that to me in and of itself should show you kind of what the falcons were able to do this week against Against this team after playing the way that they played against carolina Now what's interesting in all this as well is that they did it with some guys that I guarantee you a lot of people Don't know and couldn't name just by looking at them. And I'm talking about abdulla anderson I'm talking about jaylon dalton. I'm talking about timmy horn These are guys who at one point or another were bubble guys You didn't think that they may even have had a chance to make the team I mean heck jaylon dalton was cut after the pre season So these are all guys who the falcons have kind of collected and pieced together Over the course of this season and this off season And it's really interesting to see them work alongside grady jarrett because You see taquan graham go down with a knee injury and we don't have an update on that And you hope that it's something that he can come back from but he was carted off And so you really were relying on your depth at defensive line and I will say this It's very interesting to see this evolution Of this position group specifically because if you think about it, this is not the way this group was originally supposed to look Before the season started you had yes, you had grady jarrett and taquan graham coming back But you also had anthony rush and marlon davidson and vincent taylor three of those five guys are no longer even available or on the team Because of that like that's that's wild to me because now you have taquan graham going out And three guys who I think a lot of people wouldn't be able to name in a lineup Like that's really what it feels like and so all of that to say As in the question I have is like what does this say about the depth like that?  Yeah, for sure. Um I think you hit it the nail on the head But um, I would say all of these all of the guys that you mentioned, you know when their name was called They stepped up to the plate.  Um, and it was like you said these were bubble players But, you know, these guys what what they've showed today alongside greaty jared Is that they can play in it that they can compete at a high level and um, I think that's what we needed to see Because you know injuries do happen injuries do happen with whether it's a A key player or or not, you know Players have to be everybody on the 53 man roster has to be ready to step up and I feel like those three guys Alongside greaty jared and they just they did amazing today And I had it solved to them for sure Yeah, and I think it really was, you know, we can talk all day long about the defensive line But I also think you have to give credit where credit is due to the guys around them too. I thought lorenzo carter arnold ebacchetti Aude ogendage, I thought they played a really good game. I also thought your inside linebackers michael walker rashawn evans Troy anderson had one of the best plays. I thought of the whole entire day that is probably going to go overlooked But it was a yeah important third downstop. So all of that to say like I was very Impressed by what we saw this defense do today And I know people are going to look at the stats and be like, how are you impressed? Like this is a pretty normal rushing attack and but it's not when you think in the context of All of these things that we've been talking about so all all of that we we've hit on cp We've hit hit on this defense now in true scott bear form We've got to look ahead And we've got to ask the question of what's next kind of for the falcons and right now falcons are five and six They have two weeks to go until the bye week. Good lord. I need the bye week to get here. I am so tired I can only imagine how these players feel But they have to face the commanders and the steelers before we get to the bye week now With the wind today, they have extended their lead in the nsc south t2 games ahead of the panthers and a game ahead of the saints The bucks are on a bye this week and sit at five and five So they're still technically leading the division now This really feels like When we talk about this division that it's going to come down to the wire I feel like we've kind of been talking about this on every post game podcast for the last few weeks Because it really does feel like it's anyone's Division at this point. I mean Ashton with with two games to go until the bye week How important are these games as we really get into the back half of this season? Yeah, for sure. I think for one this commander's game is extremely important We've seen how they played over the last two weeks. They beat the eagle.  Um, and it's good We have aj to row back, which was amazing for the defense. Um, I think just his veteran leadership and his presence Definitely provided something for the defense as well as you know Guys like rashaun evans and guys like evikati and gradey jerry, you know, everybody that stepped up, but um, I think this one I mean, I think this week going into Going against the washington commanders. This is going to be very very important and of course against the stiller's team um, I just think you know Of course the falcons have to take it week by week Um, but I think starting with the win against the commanders will I feel like eventually lead into a win against the kinsburg stillers Yeah, here's the thing about these next two games. Like I feel like on paper Yes, they're winnable games, but as we've seen in this league It doesn't matter who's the top contender on paper. It really doesn't matter Everybody can be anybody on indian sunday. We have seen that happen this year I mean that that's what's so fascinating about the league right now. I I love it It makes for really good good games in my opinion But when I look at these next two games for the falcons, it really boils down to the fact that I don't think they can drop them I don't think that they can afford To lose to either the commanders or the stillers in the next two weeks You need to be able to go from this point on which is only two games to go undefeated to get to the bye week if The falcons would have beat carolina on thursday night I probably would feel a little bit differently But they didn't they lost and so I think because of that i'm putting more Pressure I essentially on the falcons to beat the commanders and the stillers so that you do go into the bye week Feeling pretty good and essentially you would get to over 500 because you're at five and six right now If you beat both of those teams that's Simple math seven and six the falcons would be above 500 for the first time in a very long time so I say all of that because I really do put a lot on these next two weeks. I think the falcons it was important that they won this game I think they got that got the next three weeks On the right track with a win here, especially to do it In a way that I thought was a very collective win Especially after the way the first half kind of started But I I do think that this is something That we're going to look back on After the bye week according to how these next two weeks go And feel it's going to make us feel very differently about the back half of this season once you do get past the bye week So That is nice feel We are going to let you get on with your day I hope that you are having a good one. It's probably you're listening to this on monday Which is the best time to listen to a post game podcast We again, we wish scott all the best. He's inactive for a little bit, but we're hoping to get him back really soon Thank you for joining us and do all the things that scott bear tells you to do all the time Like subscribe leave a comment. Just make sure you listen honestly. I'm not picky But all of that to say thank you for joining us and we will be back next week as we return from Washington DC looking forward to that one


The paper describes the trial implementation protocol for PROACT, a digital health platform designed to support older adults with multi-morbidities and self-managing their conditions at home, with the involvement of their care network. The study was conducted across two EU member states and involved a 12-month action research trial design, with participants provided with PROACT technologies and CN members given access to an app to remotely support them. Qualitative and quantitative feedback and evaluation data were collected at four time points, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative interview data. The trial outcomes are at various stages of publication since 2021, with the aim of co-designing and developing a digital intervention that advances self-management of multi-morbidity at home as part of a proactive, integrated model of supported person-centered care. This article was authored by John Dinsmore, Kiva Hannigan, Suzanne Smith, and others.


Hello everyone, so I am Chetan Khatwik from X1 Labs in Bangalore, India and we are speaking on the sport right now, AI technologies and application for the enterprise. So mainly I will speak on which is not the end slide, but I will speak when we create the model in machine learning in AI and when we want to develop the model on the mobile device is it's little cumbersome because you train your model it requires training on GPU, but it's like training on GPU but do influence on mobile. So for that I will discuss what are the tools available, what are the techniques are there. So as you know software is eating the world and AI is eating software. So GPU and TPU are eating the linear algebra, linear algebra is eating deep learning and deep learning is eating machine learning and machine learning is eating artificial intelligence and AI is eating software and software is eating the world right. So basically when we define machine learning it has many different components, software and unsupervised and reinforcement learning and again you can do deep learning with supervised and unsupervised learning but I mean 80% of economic growth in the market gap is unsupervised learning, so you provide your data set and then you train it and do influence right and still I believe deep learning is not capable of the way human being think or we are not still at the edge of the brain of me at least. So the difference I feel with the supervised learning and unsupervised learning or the sorry supervised, traditional machine learning and deep learning, in traditional machine learning you need to define the features and then it can train statistical machine learning but in deep learning the model will automatically understand the kind of features like if you provide the house price it understand the schooling will be good if the society is paying good house price on that area. So for deep learning is like if you provide the image it will understand we see and this guy kind of object from this and for this we use the model written model like 0 or 2 or kind of that which is a it is understand the object and give you the outcome. So we try kind of this is our demo it detect the emotion of the person so this is everything is pre-training there is nothing to happen to me so what is the technology behind this convolution neural network, recurrent network and the vision camera it is just if we can create a smart camera it is all about the vision there is nothing else if we can make the camera as smart as our eye that can do everything and this is the one I was talking about in YOLO right so it detect every object in a video that is webcam right now what to want to CPU, detect the bottle there are table phone device keyboard cup and the person so this is not using any GPU like NVIDIA 360 or like that so it is inference the goal of this talk is like you do not need GPU for inferencing right and or it is like you understand the architects of the network it has the input layer, middle layer and output layer or you just bypass this for the connection layer and make it inference working so as you know AI and neural network were there from very long but why it took a lot of time to come on the interface level or at the application level because at that time it was not web scale data and you see every year we are coupling the volume of data and we got massive GPU and GPU at the industry so it made it was not only the innovation at software side but hardware side it was the good innovation and we got different architecture from the different labs like Google, DeepMind, WorldRain and from Toronto, Benjiro and Geoff Hinton, Ian Bullfellow, Facebook, Jan Lackon and Summit Sintana from even like Hedabal and so this different R&D fellow they published papers just they published their written source code so they help to the community and open source society to learn from that and change the architecture and depth of the program level. As I say just supervised learning is just required the input and it gives the response if you just map the input and response in a very well manner it works like for example if you provide input as an email and you provide response either as a spam or not or you provide image and you want whether which object it is from numbering and you provide audio and text and you provide machine translation which is a little note accurate work in the research. What can be done with machine learning and AI use cases you can do character design OCR you can do computer vision you can build the convolutional catalog agent which supports and new thing that one of the lab from DeepMind person Andrew Trask is trying is a decentralized artificial intelligence with help of blockchain so couple of use cases as you see AI we are not taking care of data security because it's public data and so that concept is a federated learning so tools and technology is of now we use we can use R, Scala and Python for data quality, Pandas, NumPy and Spark there is one packet in Apollo Spark called Data Cleaning for predictive modeling we use Scikit-learn, Scikit-image, MN, state models and Sparkling ML. Deep learning there is a various framework from different different open source companies and societies like TensorFlow from Google, Kafe, was from Kafe2 from Facebook and Keras from Google, Intel, Neon, Python from Facebook and Pyramid from Baidu, Mxt Microsoft so the problem is like you create one model in one framework but if you want to exchange to any other framework it takes a lot of time so after that Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft standard project or the O and NX that does the interchange of the format so if you create the your model train your model in a pipeline and what if you transfer the typical file of written model which is compatible for test of law you can use O and NX.PA open source toolkit and this contribution by Facebook, Amazon and Google you can really factorize the workload of machine learning so it takes a less time to spawn of the instance and less time to close the instance. For data visualization, plotly, c-bond and different codes you can schedule each and everything in the front job with unseable or air flow in open source and GP1M will be used the UPI for patent line or NUDA Puda. So machine learning process is a learning you use to connect and prepare the training data choose and optimize your machine learning model setup and manage environment for training train and improve the model, deploy model and production scale manage the production environment. So high level either we can use any APIs from AWS, Azure or Google and set up the environment this is the many some of the algorithm that we use like Exibust also support the APALES PARK as a model so as of now the tests of law and bytocks are not very concurrent and paralyzed the way it works with APALES PARK and kind of frameworks so you need in scikit-lan your data suit your same node you cannot distribute the data and spawn of the different different nodes and for that APALES PARK community is working with to come up with a new package called tensor, a frame and graph frame so upcoming 2.4 you will be able to train and deploy models with APALES PARK so this is one of the use case like it's not only personalized and provide the recommendation using the text data but the visual search and visual the recommendation so you provide the just your in this case you can see I provided my image it understood the pattern color my gender that's why you can see everything is for male there and the pattern also the text was division so it was division it's not very clear in the here otherwise the placer is also placer there from the one of the sopping website as you know the computer reason right now 80% of traffic on the internet is visual data so we can think like if we provide like any user so can you predict like whether this user will click on this ad or not like that or we might think if you provide the wireframe and that generate the screen or not if you provide the screen sort can we generate the source code in form of HTML or not yes it is possible with one of the open source library from Airbnb so you just give the pen or paper over there in a form of wireframe it will generate the screen for you from the because this unit to map the input and response if you provide the input as a this thing as a file and then if you provide the component it will map and generate for you in terms of inference real time for NLP is all about initial of unstructured data and it can does the application as an entity definition there's a key place definition language definition and sentiment and topic modeling and this is all technique and the business application that you can use and so that's it from us any questions there's something that's not there in this slide I would like to talk so what happens that if you train the motor on TensorFlow or PyTorch and if you want to develop that to the mobile so there's two tools one is the TensorFlow light so that has it dot tf light extension so you can provide dot pb or dot s5 extension is a pretend model in TensorFlow and pass it to the TensorFlow light it will compress your matrices and vectors inside the pretend model and will give it to you in a form of lightweight tf light so then you can use android and do inference with your phone camera IPA of android anything on other side with iOS there's AutoML library so that you can use Keras you can import AutoML and pass the for the connection layer to the AutoML it will generate the dot AutoML file for you in iOS and then you will be able to use that in your mobile so it's like if you train your model on GPU or CPU if you want to showcase or using any product or application mobile you can use either AutoML for iOS or Android you can use the TensorFlow light and that go at fully flexible and the comparison and compatibility with the all the APIs for iOS and Android so you can do ingestan with the camera and supply data to the your model then there is some of the pretend model with AutoML like yellow or facial recognition or gender correction on the kind of data report that you can utilize and use that yeah that's it for my sake any questions I have a question so in terms of the full life cycle of such a project she's going to keep going from collecting that training and then operationalizing what's the pain point for you right now what's the pain point is for I believe is the pre-purchasing of data so this is all models requires the data in some format if you do not process and if you view the noise to the model it will not understand automatically this is noise right so you need to process data and set a format otherwise it will be have piles so that's the only pain point otherwise this is all TensorFlow and pathos or cafe 2 is very well highly on APIs and right now it does use the Python Python is not type safe like Scala right so you won't get compile time safety at the top when you train the model you train your model for 2 days and then if you get error it will feel little pain and hurt it's not Scala or type safe that's why my point was like Scala Spark data set API from Spark 2.3 is a type safe type safe in a sense it used to compile time if you do spend mistake like select SWE it will give you error on the spot so you don't wait for 8 hours when you work or run on the cluster and then if you get pain it's really painful because debugging or distributed computing is a really cumbersome like when I was working with ACCA actors and ACCA assistants it's really cumbersome and actually Spark is was trying to use the ACCA actors actor is a lightweight format of passing a message and external message rather than thread but you can utilize ACCA ACCA assistants library and because it's supposed to Scala way that works well but because of the research and gap in academia Python is well forced with the all-famous for deep learning and muscle learning yeah any other questions? Thank you so much.


Jesus said, If you've seen me, you've seen the Father. I want to live in such a way that I can say, If you've seen me, you've seen the Son. Just as you cannot outpace your reflection in the mirror, so you should desire to reflect the nature of God. I want to live in the rhythm of the Spirit. I desire to be one with the Holy Spirit. Enoch lived in such a way. He walked with God so closely and for so long that he simply ceased to exist. And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah 300 years and begat sons and daughters. And all the days of Enoch were 360 and five years. And Enoch walked with God and he was not for God took him. That's Genesis chapter 5 verses 22 through 24. Think about that. Enoch walked with God and he was not for God took him. When I read that I said to the Lord Father, I want to be a was not too. The believers should desire to cease to be. I want to be a tear in the fabric of this reality through which heaven can invade earth. I want to become a portal through which the glory can touch the natural, transforming all around me, conforming my surroundings to the will of the Spirit. Lord, make us empty spaces through which you can exist in this world. It should be your desire that his presence and your presence would become indistinguishably one that you would carry his presence wherever you step. Believer, let your hands be his hands. Let him heal and touch through them.  See things, people and situations the way he sees them.  Speak his word. Let your ears be his ears. Listen for his voice. Let your feet be his feet. Step wherever he leads. Let your being be his being. Let your heart beat as one with his. Crucify your will and in its place allow God's will to be resurrected. Disappear in God. Decrease so he can increase. I'm David Diga Hernandez and that is your moment of truth. This topic was taken from my latest book Praying in the Holy Spirit. If you would like to read the first chapter for free just sign up to my emailing list by going to davidhernanisministries.com slash email. When you sign up to my free emailing list you'll receive weekly content and resources that will help you draw closer to the Holy Spirit and to grow spiritually. Again, to sign up to my emailing list just go to davidhernanisministries.com slash email. Thank you for watching Encounter TV. Don't forget to subscribe and click the notification bell. Also, help us spread the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the power of the Holy Spirit. Make a one-time donation or become a monthly supporter by clicking on the donate link now.


Welcome folks. This is Tom O'Brien of TFNN. We have five days a week. We go seven hours a day We go 24 hours a day in the internet at tfnn.com Always remember folks, whatever you think about you bring about whatever you focus on grows up everyone's having a great day safe day make a great night folks cultivate wisdom You don't need to accumulate knowledge to become wise anyone could become wise when you become wise you respect your Body respect your mind and you respect your soul when you become wise your life is controlled by your heart not your head Let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow industries down 27 Nasdaq off 44 S&P's down 23 gold gold contract down a dollar 10 trade that's 1633 and ounce we have silver up 24 cents 18 dollars 60 cents an ounce light sweet crude Up 43 cents 85 dollars 98 cents a barrel notes and bonds the 10-year note down 26 straight and 109 12 the 30 year of a point and a half at 124 team the 10 year folks Let me just see this. I believe we're talking about 4.4 right now that's like 4.2 4.2 percent Amazing and good old King dollar King dollar right now is trading down 146 ticks now. Yeah, look at this folks. This is so cool. It's unbelievable. If you heard me just do the update Right, I'm talking about the axe at how just King dollar can just move a little bit now watch this Yeah, I got to put this up there because King dollar only move 40 ticks 40 ticks, okay Since when I did the update in right now and the e-mini let's see the e-mini just moved I believe it move like eight points on 40 ticks. Let me just see this. This is this is like unbelievable when it did so it just 67 oh my god. No move more than that Thought here it is right there 60 you move 20 points And so look at this look at this. This is crazy man It's not crazy. It's good. You want you want to get this correlation because the correlation is so direct. It's unbelievable. Look at this Unbelievable so What that's saying by the way folks is this is that and I'm gonna bring an article up In fact, I'm gonna bring it up right now cuz check this out the me pull this up here for a second Nope, I don't want that one. Well, we don't okay. Let me get a little of this Because when you see this, this is pretty cool madam There we go. Okay, so check this out. There's a big hedge fund conference going on right now and Here it is right here. So listen to this. This is that you have all these dudes at the C4k investor Conference is going on right now. So you get all these big dudes there. Well, I Believe this is a person's name boss Bose Weinstein He is from Sabah capital and then you're gonna get So he's speaking right now, right and you know what he's here. Here's a quote of his okay This is this is such a cool quote for for us. Okay Technicles are the most dominant change in the market compared with the last few years Weinstein says Weinstein says he sees an incredible shift away from fundamentals to technicals We're living in a technical market and traders who are living in a fundamental world will have to change their playbook This it's it, you know, listen, I'm you know talking to the choir and I know that The chorus whatever how that goes, but it really is intriguing and what does happen folks is that when you are in Markets that are highly volatile. Okay I've seen technicals always take over in highly volatile markets. That's that's a real bottom line That's that's what happens man, and it happens in spades. So let's take a look at these markets, right? So if we take a look at the spy first, what do you have happening? Well here? Let's do this I got John from Philly. Hey John. What's going on brother? Hey John good afternoon to you sir. How you doing man? I'm doing very well. I just have to contribute one or two details that don't tell right The work you're talking about now just to bring it to your attention so you can elaborate for the benefit of your listeners Thank you. I'm on that e-mini S&P The ESZ to yeah, we've come down. We pulled back. You just mentioned how it just popped a bit, but interestingly enough That e-mini S&P has made lows in the past what six seven days down at 35 90 That was last Friday and 3502 which was that Thursday morning after the CPI Or one yes, I forget which yep anyway based upon those two lows And using your calculation technique of confluence. Yeah, those two lows Confluence support is in a tight range 36 72 to 36 62 The low 30 minutes ago was 36 67 right in the middle of that range. So we've come down. We've tested confluence So I just wanted to share that with you. I'm going to hang up Having told you that but ask you now that we've hit confluence in that 72 to 62 range with the 67 low Can you just share with us if you can see any prospect for this rallying away from here? So down. Thanks for all you doing. I hope that was of some interest to you It was huge John and thank you and thank you from the other listeners too, man So as John was doing that folks, I put the conference up and you can see it man. It's in spades It's it's it's literally in spades. So what confluence is folks? I you take you take the trend the full trend you take the low of one the low of the other That's what it did one so it's it's in between a point three two or six one eight And that's it right there. Those those line those little green lines right there That's it and you can see it it bounced off it beyond belief Now let's get a little bit closer. Let's we'll get closer in here and take a look at this So there we go So first, you know bottom line what we're gonna do now. We're gonna make it inside. Let's see 3676 we didn't okay that bottom line next move is Yeah, we're going man. That's telling me that this is gonna try to run into the clothes again You know, I don't I don't know if we're gonna run to the hide But they want to run into the clothes and you know the The way this is so let me bring up a spy for a second because yeah, I'll bring up a spy So as we get back because it's it's really wild here kind of where we're at coming into an option expiration and what does happen now folks is that there's so many you know Option expiration is every week now and you know everyone's trading options man. That's the bottom line Okay, you get pros trading options. You got retail trading options. It's you know, I mean, it's it's a monster market It's a liquid market and options now or as liquid is trading ETFs down down when dust chills down 52 Nasdaq 51 S&P's down 24 stare right there folks come right back


Hello everyone, so I wanted to discuss about you know lot of issues that mothers may face you know and one of the most important issue that I come across is that you know mothers they worry that children have become picky eaters okay. So what is picky eaters, picky eaters means their children would want to eat what they want to eat and not what is offered to them okay and they would not, they would refuse to eat if they are not given their food of choice and this is a real issue because you know like of course in US we call it terrible too so it starts you know around age of 2 and I think this is completely avoidable. You can prevent it completely and the way I recommend is that from beginning from 6 months onward you know mother has to remember that she is the boss. She will basically decide what child wants to eat okay and if that kind of discipline continues then you will not see lot of this picky eating. So for example you know once baby realizes that he or she has more control you know and you will see around say 18 months of age you know and some children if they are very smart even a little bit earlier you know lot of time they will reject certain food and in some time they would basically prefer certain food you know and mothers they obviously I mean I do not blame them but you know mothers have this tendency that oh baby does not like this so okay I am not going to give this food but I am baby likes this food I am going to make that more often okay. So what she is doing is basically she is trying to kind of do what baby likes okay and somehow then eventually what happens then baby prefers of course more sweet taste you know taste which are much more palatable. So baby would prefer those taste and mother eventually end up giving only those kind of food. So in such situation what I recommend that baby should basically be given all the food which are cooked at home okay and of course you know let baby taste it you know and not to force it. So if baby say takes one bite and then baby did not like it then leave it you do not need to force the baby to take it but it does not mean that you know baby did not like it. So now you give say fruit or you give something which is sweet you know just so that baby did not like it. I feel that you know it has to be done very smartly very you know very slowly you know but to continue to give that food which baby did not like you know for at least next 10 to 15 attempts in next you know one month, two months you know because what happens sometime the new taste it takes baby for long time to like that taste you know and like for example I will just give you my personal example where my daughter she did not like you know kind of bengen you know eggplant and of course you know it was we had made this kind of routine in a house that even if she did not like one particular food any time if I made it she had to try at least one teaspoon. Of course this is possible when they become little bit older but you know as I am saying that all this habit starts from childhood okay. So make sure that you know you give this you know try this food very often and then make a rule you know for older than two, two and half you can start making rules that okay if you do not like it it is okay but she has to try or he has to try please one teaspoon any time if that food is cooked in the house okay. So that way many times what happens is after maybe few attempts and you know if you make it in a different way maybe they just start liking it and they then they start accepting that new food. So you know do not get disappointed if child do not like a new food point is to you keep exposing that baby to that new food frequently so eventually they kind of the food grows on that taste bird and then they start liking it okay. So that is one thing second thing is that many times you know what happens when this is I am talking about little bit older children you know even around say two years of age or so they start demanding the food that they like okay. So for example many children say no no I do not want to have this vegetable I want to have you know this aloo sabji or I want to have you know this pasta or I want to have this you know because I like this and of course when family would want to make a child happy so what they would do is to they would not give you know food which is cooked at home and they would make something special for the child which a child prefers okay. Now I do not like that I mean once in a while if as a family you prepare something special and if child is enjoying that is fine but on a routine basis I do not recommend that you know you cook something special for the child differently separately whatever you cook for the family you have to teach baby or child to eat that same kind of food you know you do not want to have special kind of for a child or special food for mother-in-law and special food for father-in-law and you know all that is it is I think it is very much spoiling you know and if child grows up in that kind of environment you know he or she will learn the same thing okay so have of like a family pot and teach that child that this is what it is if he wants to eat eat otherwise he can sleep you know hungry he will be fine you know do not spoil the habit and once they understand that their demand is not kind of taken care of they will learn to eat okay so do not give in to the demand as I said special occasions are different you know so if you have made special dishes for any occasion of course give it to the child but it should be as per your you know recommendation as your as you wish you know not child's wish okay this is one way of preventing your picky eating and another thing is many mothers have this habit of giving milk to the child you know I am talking about again children who have come off for breast milk after 2 to 2 and half years of age and they have a habit of drinking big class of milk early in the morning okay now I do not recommend having milk first thing in the morning because of course they are rushing to school right and we want them to have proper breakfast in the morning so what I recommend is to give them proper breakfast you know whatever breakfast that you have prepared healthy breakfast you know what too much of poha and upma and salt basically avoid too much of starch give them lot more protein and good fats so you can give that breakfast in the morning and then give them milk okay but do not fill the stomach with milk first because that child will not have breakfast and that will cause you know that milk will dip that blood glucose level and then again they will be hungry within hour or two okay so do not fill the stomach just with milk okay 3rd point that I want to kind of discuss is many children they have a habit of you know children who have come off breast milk early on you know and they have a habit of drinking too much milk and even even older children you know they some of them have a habit of drinking one liter of milk a day or maybe sometime you know one and half liters of milk in all different forms so not necessarily dairy milk but you know sometime they have lot more paneer they have lot more dahi they have cheese so you have to calculate all the day okay so I recommend the children should not have a dairy product more than 500 ml per day okay so obviously under two years of age it's mother's milk but other dairy products are your dahi your cheese you know your of course your curd your cheese your paneer so you know just combine all that and it should not be more than 500 ml okay because what we have seen it babies who get lot more dairy products say beyond 500 ml they have a risk of developing iron deficiency anemia and we don't want iron deficiency anemia any young children because then they'll have a problem of kind of you know cognition issue and it will be irreversible damage to cognition cognition means the intelligence okay so just just remember to not to give too much of dairy products just you know you have to you have to control okay and some children they just love dairy products you know and they have this habit of just taking that bottle all day long and they keep sipping on it another point which is important is the juice now please avoid fruit juices and young children you know this are all basically sugar water nothing else you know so it's all it's all water and fructose there is no fiber there's nothing everything is kind of drained out so avoid giving anything in a liquid form best thing is to really you know you can just give soft fruit you know cut it and they can they can chew it and if child is small you know you can just make like just mash it with hand and children can have it okay so do not give juice or fruit juice or any of those liquid liquid food okay another point is tea and coffee now many times we see that lot of these children are given tea and coffee you know early on especially in urban slum that you know we work in and they start tea by four months of age you know even older children they have a habit of drinking tea please avoid giving tea to children and even adults do because I mean obviously not with the food which is high in iron you know because it will prevent the absorption of iron okay so that one point is important about not to give tea or coffee or I mean another thing also which I see is a lot of these mothers have the habit of giving you know junk food so they start with you know biscuits and they start with lot of this junk food very early on so again please talk to mothers and tell them about you know why we don't want to give junk food to babies you know they are completely they lack nutrient density there's the empty calories and it will cause more problem than you know any any other kind of help you know so thank you so much and if you have any suggestion, recommendation please write to us thank you


Good afternoon, everyone and happy holidays. My name is Jane Sugimura and I'm your host for today's condo insider program and condo insider is a YouTube show for people who live in condos and work and deal with condos and and we try to give you relevant and important information. That makes your lives and work easier, more enjoyable, and I'm really proud to have with me as my guest today, Gerald Clay, and he's the founder and partner of the law firm of Clay Chapman, Eomora, who is a novel, and I have to make a disclosure. I am a member of the firm. So, thank you for joining me today Jerry. It is my pleasure Jane. And you specialize in why don't you tell us about yourself you specialize in construction law and litigation and dispute prevention and resolution. And you've been doing that for how long. Well, this is my 56 year in law practice, but I learned about partnering facilitation a little more than 25 years ago, and been doing some of that since. What we're going to be talking about today is proud to be talking about it with you. Okay. Well, by the way, why don't you tell us what partnering is all about partnering is about changing the mindset of how people solve problems. What partnering is, is the opposite of dispute resolution dispute resolution means a problem has grown to the point where the people can't work it out with each other. So they need to bring in a judge or a jury or an arbitrator or a mediator. They have a problem and they can't work it out. What partnering is the opposite. It is dispute prevention. There will always be problems, but there's a systematic way that people can learn to work problems out before they begin to fester and grow into disputes. So this partnering process that we're going to be talking today. Is it something that you've worked with with entities here in Hawaii. Absolutely chain chain, going back to the 1980s. I used to extensively in the visitor industry. We used it for more than a year's process to help the visitor industry organize and be on the same page to accomplish their goals. I have used it for the Hawaii State Power Association incoming president wanted to partner his board of directors is incoming board of directors, along with their office staff partnered them and at the end of the year. Wrote me a letter that said all the goals they established in the partnering retreat were actually accomplished during that year. I have partnered a division of the state of Hawaii Department of Human Services, where they had a new director coming in. And that new director was having personality problems with some of the staff and so we went through a partnering process, after which they then began holding meetings weekly to work through problems that were occurring. The answer is, I have used it in a number of various types of situations. I have done many many partnerings of new boards of directors of both nonprofit corporations and profit making corporations. Yeah, and in fact you're going to be, you've been engaged by a condo organization. I'm sorry homeowners or association to partner with their new board. I'll be doing that in March, looking forward to it. And so how would, how, how, how would, how does this partnering process how would that apply to condominium associations or boards. I mean how would it apply to them. Well let me use an analogy. And my analogy would be a football game. Let's focus on one of the teams. You have 11 members who go on the field. And I believe that is 53 members in total. And every member who goes on the field has a position, and that position has a job to do. In a football team, you want to be able to have everybody carry out their jobs. And so what the football team does is it hires somebody to organize those folks, and that person is called the coach. In a condominium project, you likewise have various players. Obviously, a new board of directors, it's hard to do this. And unless you start at the beginning with an organization that's going to be looking forward together. So you have a new board of directors or trustees. You then have the managing agent. You then have, most likely, a site manager, or a resident manager. You have the owners. You have non-owner residents, renters. You probably would want to say who's an important member would be an insurance agent or other very important vendors. And like the example of the football team, it is the job of a partnering facilitator to organize those folks so that they're not doing their jobs in a vacuum, or doing their jobs in opposition to one another, but a good football coach makes everybody recognize they're all better because they're on a team. And that's what partnering facilitation does, is it brings in a partnering facilitator, a coach, who puts people through a process so that when they come out the other side of the process, they think of each other as teammates, people that they're going to work with, and each accomplish their jobs together so that the project, the team will accomplish what they want in the next year. I think that's the analogy I would give to how to look at what partnering does for a condominium project. So with the condominium, I mean, you've got a board, you've got a board and it's usually made up of nine members, and they come from various walks of life. I mean, because each condominium is different. They're all, the board members come from the ownership pool. And so, and they come with, you know, different backgrounds and, you know, they're different professions and, and so how do you get these people to work together to, you know, and what they have to do is they, they're there, you know, they have to have to maintain and, and they're in charge of maintaining and repairing the facility. They established policies. They have to resolve disputes between different factions that, you know, live in the condominium and so these are some of the issues that they have to deal with so, you know, how would you be able to work with this nine member board to get them to do their jobs. Good question I'm going to answer it for you. Okay. The answer is that the University of Texas invented a process to help people think in terms of one another as team members. The process, as I said before, needs a coach, a facilitator to make the process operate so that people begin to see one another as team members, rather than as the opposition who they have to best. So, what Texas did is they devised an interdisciplinary team to set up a program or process to have people go through. And the process really has a number of components. Number component number one is, it requires that there is going to be buy in from the people who's going to be leading the directors. And that would usually be the president who says, we're going to go into this next year as a partnering team. And we're going to hire a facilitator to assist us to do that. And you're going to have to commit to do two things to assist the facilitator. Number one, you're going to have to agree that you will be serious about this process. And the facilitator will be devising a survey. And you will commit to spend time and complete the survey as honestly and completely as you care. Number two, the facilitator will use the survey answers to set up an agenda for usually a one full day retreat. And the retreat will do the following things. It usually starts out by recognizing that you've got to have some ground rules as you're going to go through the day, because you've got a number of players on this team as I said before, owners site managers, management companies, the board members. And so you set up some ground rules. And rule number one is usually the most important. I have to get agreement on it. And that is every member of this team is equal. Nobody is more important. Nobody takes precedence, and you will respect one another. And I get everybody to buy into that rule. That is the most important rule to get by. And since everybody is equal, and everybody has a say, you agree that you'll respect somebody when they are speaking. And particularly, there is going to be no interruptions. I will not tolerate that as your facilitator as your coach. Number three, everybody will be limited to two minutes and I am going to enforce that. And then I get everybody to buy in. They all agree to abide by the rules. And then we actually start the retreat by having some fun games so that people can solve problems together. Fun problems.  The only thing we do is have people solve problems together. Like, how do you find a certain geographical location nearby? It's much better when everybody works together than works individually. We do a number of other games so that people get to know one another one on one as human beings, not just as players in the game. After that, we do a number of exercises talking about what the next year is going to be like. The process, not again the university in Texas invented where we use something that you probably heard of called brainstorming. What do you see as the biggest problems to come up in the next year? It's going to be brainstorming. Get 50 problems. Work with 50. Work with everybody to reduce different wordings, different phrases into one another until I get it down to maybe the 10 bigger problems. Work with 10, but I can work with five. So I say to the group, every member has five votes. As I go through each of the 10, you'll vote five times for one of these. Five biggest problems. I divide the group up and say, if your problem comes up, brainstorm, point a facilitator, brainstorm, what are the best ways to solve it? And then again, reduce the number of solutions to the best three. And we do that all day long. So that by the end of the day, everybody has worked with brainstorming problems and brainstorming solutions. Second day, we start again by having fun with some new games with everybody. And then the second day is dedicated to making an agreement between everyone, all the different stakeholders that I mentioned before. And this is not a legal type of agreement. This is an agreement where you give your word. It's a morally finding agreement to each person saying, as I go through the year, I will respect everybody else on this team. As we go through the year, and I want to talk about something. I agree not to magnify or exaggerate something, but to give it strength. So we go through and develop that agreement. And then after we have it all developed, I have it printed out from a computer that I bring on site. And I have everybody sign it so that this is an agreement that's going to be posted throughout the project so that everybody knows this is a partner condominium. We think differently. We act differently. And this is how we will act with everyone involved in this project. That's my overview. Wow. That's how you know that that sounds very ambitious. I mean, and you've actually seen this work in in in with local groups. Absolutely. Nice about the process that the university in Texas invented is it's fun. So many condominium projects have have people who are opposed to one another. They have people who actually get so emotional they hate one another. The idea is, can we change all that by having a one day retreat, where everybody is going to say I recognize everybody else as a team member. And the answer is it works. And so, you know, instead of having nine people who come to the board meetings with their separate agendas, you're basically saying that this process will change them into a member of one team working for the common good of the association, so to speak. Yes, that's what the goal is and that's what the process produces. Somebody wanted to engage you to do to assist them and be the facilitator in a partnering process. I mean, what, what is the process they contact you and then how does it work. Well, also being a lawyer I have them sign a contract. Okay. And I usually charge $5,000 for the service. It will mean I come in, identify the stakeholders. Invite the stakeholders to participate. And that invitation comes with the commitment that they will do this seriously. And then I draft the survey, get answers back. And it's an interesting survey, by the way, let me tell you a little bit about it. It's not a looking back survey. It's a looking forward survey. So I ask questions like you are going to answer this sitting alone thinking about it sitting alone thinking about it. What do you see as the five biggest problems facing this project during the next 12 months. Question number two, taking each of those five. What would you see as the best solution. If that problem actually did manifest itself in the manner you just, you just mentioned. Question number three, confidentially. If somebody amongst the stakeholders, you think is a problem personality. If so, who and tell me why you think that I might also ask, do you think there's any way that person could be a, a member of a team with you that could work together. Survey question me, maybe what would you like to see as the goal to come out of this partnering. Then we have a one day retreat, which I just described to you before, after which we come out with this moral agreement in partnering parlance that's called a compact, a moral agreement. I will respect every other stakeholder in this project, and you go through these moral commitments. And it does change how people think and interact with one another.   And, and, and what does that mean that the process will then be implemented after the retreat is over. The answer is yes, but I have an additional to the extent during the year that stakeholders feel that they have fallen off the compact. They can bring the facilitator back. So that the facilitator does what we call a tune up. Where were we at the time that the treat treat finishes. Where are we today. Are we cooperative. Or are we adversarial. And those are the kinds of questions we work on a tune up so that everybody hopefully will be back. A team where everybody is working together with the goal of having the most fun, the best project, and the best design to solve problems. Okay, can I just say one more thing. Yes, we have. We have something called dispute resolution. That's basically the lawsuit system. And we also have arbitration. That is to solve a problem that has grown into a dispute. We also have now recently the idea of not necessarily using who's right. Which is what a dispute resolution process by lawsuit or arbitration is, but rather finding out what's in everybody's best interest. That's mediation. Those two things mediation and lawsuit arbitration are with existing disputes. Partnering is dispute avoidance dispute prevention.  And so the this process that that that you know we've been discussing today. I mean, this would probably be of benefit to condominiums because right now, according to Sue Savio, we've got the highest number of claims under the no policies of any state, you know, in the country. So, you know, this is an issue that is of concern to many, many, many condominiums. I mean, we're not talking only lawsuits we're talking about mediation and arbitration. They're all counted as disputes, you know, as well as a lawsuit. I mean, that's the ultimate, you know, dispute. But anyway, you know, if they want to avoid those, those, those types of situations, then they would then the condominium, it would benefit them to get involved in partnering right because that's dispute avoidance. Absolutely. I mean, this is a different way of interacting. This is a different way of having a team approach to everything in the condominium project. It would absolutely benefit by going through the process. You asked me before how long from the time that I signed on to be a facilitator to be the coach. It would take time to identify the stakeholders. I would do that usually with the president. Once I get the buy-in, I would send out invitations and ask for responses within maybe three, four business days. I would then send out the survey and ask for responses back within a week. Once I get the responses, I would design a partnering retreat, which might be about, oh, 10 days later, the whole thing can be done in a period of less than a month. And that would save, you know, and that might, you know, save, you know, a one association, you know, many, many hours and probably thousands of dollars in dealing with a dispute resolution if they didn't go through this process. Yes. Let me just make one other point. Dispute resolution is all about the past. In the past, we've gotten this problem. Partnering is only concerned about the future. How are we going to act together as a team going forward? So it's past thinking, dispute resolution. It's forward thinking, partnering facilitation. Okay, well, that's, you know, I want to leave our viewers with that thought, because we've reached the end of our time and thank you so much, Jerry, for being my guest on today's show. You know, for those of you who are interested, you can call Jerry at the law firm. And, and, you know, the law firm's name again is Clay Chapman, Iwa Mora, Polis, and Naval. And I want to thank the viewers for joining us for another episode of condo insider. And please join us next week Thursday at three o'clock for another episode of condo insider and this is a show for people who live and work in condos. And, and we're getting to the end of the year, which is and this has been a very, very eventful year. And so I want to say happy holidays to our viewers, and please join us for our show next week Thursday. Thank you. And Mahalo.