Can you hear me? Testing? Awesome. All right. Good morning, everybody. We're going to have the next talk on scalable monitoring using Prometheus with Apache Spark by Dan and Zach from the CDO office at Red Hat. Thank you. Thank you. So we're going to be talking about scalable monitoring with Prometheus and using Apache Spark. So let's talk a little bit about that. So I'm here with Diane Federma. My name is Zach. And we work in the CDO office on AI machine learning. Today we're going to go over, we're going to spend some time talking about observability, talking about performance tuning when you're running machine learning workloads. And I think this is a very important topic. And let's look at some of the use cases here. So whenever you're building something, right, like the same problems developing software exist, whether you're doing machine learning or whether you're doing Java programming or whatever development that you're doing, I think performance is a very important thing. If you're shipping something, the quicker you ship it, the better it is. So let me ask you a question, Diane, in terms of getting something. If I were to order a Tesla today, how long would it take? I think it might take a little bit too long to get one. And I'm impatient. So I think with machine learning jobs, sometimes it takes a long time to train a model, right? Depending on how much data you have, depending on your hardware setup, it could take months to run an experiment. And I don't think it's good to kind of lose time. The quicker you have experiments, the quicker you get rapid feedback, the quicker you can experiment and tune and improve it. So let's talk about maybe, if you turn something that takes a long time, improve the performance, make it run within a week, that's better than waiting a whole month, and so on and so forth. So one of the things that I think is important is in order to improve things, you need to be able to see what's the bottleneck, right, in terms of performance, right? So I'll tell you a little bit about the history of why we started building all this infrastructure and tooling. So we were basically running a Patrick Spark in Kubernetes pods and running them, and we had data scientists writing notebooks and doing different experiments. But then we don't exactly have visibility of exactly how much memory they're utilizing, what's failing. So we ended up basically instrumenting a Java agent to run alongside a Patrick Spark and expose metrics. For example, metrics like the DAG scheduler, the JVM pool, the block manager, and other internal JVM metrics that are running within the container. We later experimented with CRDs and continued doing more experiments. Got in contact with Diane because Diane has some experience working on high-performance supercomputing. So we did some more work there. So anybody here know Prometheus? Okay, so about 40%. So just for the folks that haven't heard about Prometheus or don't know about it, I'll just give a brief explanation. So Prometheus is a time series database system that collects metrics. In order for it to collect metrics, you've got to tell it where, where to collect metrics from, what's the location, and how often you want those metrics collected. So you have a couple of choices when you're designing a system like this. You could instrument, if you have access to the code base, you could instrument your code, import some libraries, there's libraries for Go, Java, and Python, and then you can expose specific metrics that way. Another option is to use exporters. The nice thing is with Kubernetes, it already comes out of the box with instrumentation that exposes metrics through Kubernetes. The problem was that Spark doesn't expose those metrics in Prometheus format. So we had to do some experimentation there. Anybody here know Apache Spark? Okay, a lot more people. So we won't go into the basics of it, but just high level what we used it for, for example. So the nice thing that we liked about Apache Spark was the fact that you could do batch and streaming. You could choose to get messages from a Kafka topic, or you can just pull from a file somewhere. It has machine learning libraries. It's distributed. You could do graph processing, and it has a nice SQL API as well. There's some interesting news. Does anybody know about the Spark-Kubernetes scheduler? Okay, one person. So there's actually some work being done upstream at Apache where some folks at Red Hat and other companies got together to create a Kubernetes scheduler. The schedules, instead of using Hadoop, Yarn, or Mesos or standalone, then they would use Kubernetes as the scheduler. And then there's a lot of programming language findings. So you could write your program in Java or Scala or R, and you could run your workload on Spark. And then obviously the data access options and then the different data formats. So high level, what does an application look like when I'm using Spark, right? So over here, you have a data source. So this could be streaming, or it could be a file that sits on S3 or HDFS or some other file system that you have locally. And basically, the middle there, you have some processing that's happening. And then whether you could do some ad hoc processing or you could also use machine learning if you want and then produce a model. And that model, you would store it somewhere like S3 or another system. So high level architecture design of how we have this system in place. We use Spark from the Radar Analytics IO project where we have pods. We have a driver, and that driver is the application that's running against the cluster. And when we submit this application, we actually do some things. Like for example, we have a Java agent running within these pods, and that Java agent is running with the Spark master, the worker, and the other driver application. And at a particular interval, Prometheus will scrape each endpoint, collect those metrics, and one nice thing that we found is this very interesting feature about Prometheus is if there's a problem, for example, if you want Prometheus to send you an email, you could set up something called alert manager. So you set up particular rules, and I'll show you an example of a rule in a later slide. Anybody here work with Java agents? Okay, one person. So Java agents, it's basically, so Spark is a JVM application. So it has JVM, it has metrics that you can expose through different options. So one of the options is JMX. And JMX provides these things, and I don't want to go into, you know, too technical, you know, deep dive into JMX and JMBs, but basically for you, you get to have your metrics accessible in a format that Prometheus can understand by adding this agent and exposing your metrics, and then Prometheus will scrape those metrics. So we're getting all the metrics from Kubernetes, from the network, from the Spark, all in one. So what does the configuration file look like?  And if there's a problem, where do I send notifications to? Alert manager. And where is the rules that you have that you want notifications for? And what's the URL or location that you want me to collect metrics from? So there's a couple of options. You can do static, or you can use auto-discovery. For example, in Kubernetes, we use auto-discovery to discover the metrics within Kubernetes. So this is an example of a rule. So this rule is pretty simple, right? If there's a particular issue on your cluster, you could say, okay, this expression, if it evaluates the truth for five seconds, send a critical error saying that this cluster is down and out. So these alerts, you can set different types of alerts. For example, you could have alerts that tell you the health of your cluster, you can have alerts, or if there's too much CPU or memory being utilized, and then maybe somebody can go in and look at what the problem is and do some more analysis. So we use Spark SQL, we use PromQL, sorry, to get metrics out and then put in a graphical format when we're using Grafana. So there's a couple of different terms that exist, gauges and counters. Gages are, if you only care about this metric, that's like the latest value, then you would use a gauge. If you want to collect incremental numbers, then you would use a counter. So I'm going to pass it on to my teammate, Diane, who's going to take it from here. Okay, great. I think I'm tethered to this spot. Can you hear me? Okay, great. So in the second half of the presentation, I'm going to talk about how we can use Prometheus to do performance analysis, which is my background. I did performance analysis for years with HPC on supercomputers with parallel climate models that used MPI. So it's a little bit different, but same general idea. So basically, when you've got a cluster running like this, you want visibility of everything that's going on. You need to know how much memory you're using in real time. If you're going to see a problem, you're scrolling right in front of you as the job is running, and that's what we're going to show you in a demo. If you hang on just for a minute, I'm going to give you a little background before the demo. It takes time. It's a network. This, right? So in our example application, you can tell I haven't used this, we are going to show you a snippet of code and explain how we're going to do an optimization. We'll see it before and after running real time. And Spark, first I should explain for those of you who don't know, it's a very memory-intensive framework. You can use, you can sometimes run into 100 gigabyte JVMs, which is pretty unusual on the Java world, but it does happen fairly often with Spark. And so it's worth optimizing your memory usage with Spark. It's worth paying attention to this. It's a good place to start. And so we are going to look at, in our example, we're going to look at running this Cartesian product, and we're going to show you before and after with caching, an RDD that we're going to reuse. With the Spark in memory framework, even when you have nodes that have, say, 200 gigabytes each, it's worth it to pay attention to the memory that you're using. So, before I show you the code that we're going to run, I'm going to explain how the Spark memory management model works. There are two memory use categories in Spark. There's execution and storage. And they share the JVM space, and that boundary that you see there is movable. So, Spark allocates memory in blocks, like this. On the left, those execution blocks, in our example code, we're going to do a group by. Spark builds a hash table for that group by to perform the group by. That hash table is going to be created on, built in the left side there, in these execution blocks. And then, if we cache the result, it will be stored in the storage box over in the right. So, you see that empty space in the middle is shared memory. And we're okay as long as there's no contention. But once there is contention, a block is going to have to be evicted, and execution memory can never be evicted. It takes precedence. So, in this case, that storage block is going to be spilled to disk, will have to be recomputed, or, yeah, will have to be recomputed. But that's okay. We're going to do cache things that you're going to reuse. And, of course, we always want to avoid spilling to disk if we can, because you pay a performance penalty for that. Now, as execution memory goes, you know, is requiring more memory, it is allowed to evict blocks from the storage area up to a point, which is user definable, is something the user can set. You can figure out how big your RDDs are. You can figure that so that they won't be evicted, and they can be reused. And at that point, the block for the execution is actually going to be spilled to disk. So, execution takes precedence, execution memory, and storage there is an unavictable amount that we can tune. That's another thing we can look at our tuning of that, and we can run this Prometheus Grafana dashboards, and just see how the different settings come out for us. So, one more thing I want to explain before we show you the code and do the demo. And that is Spark SQL, which gives you this nice, if you like, working with relational databases, you can interact with Spark through the Spark SQL API. So, you get the SQL syntax, you get data frames, which we are going to use here in our example. Data frames are like a table of relational database. They are strongly typed. They have named columns, and you interact with them in a declarative way, just like you do with SQL. I mean, it's that you use very much SQL-like commands to interact with them. So, I just want to show you here where Spark SQL sits in the Spark stack. You can think of it as a library that sits on top of Spark Core. Our program is like this library program up here in the right. It's written in Python. It is using both the Spark SQL API and the Spark Core API. You can intermix those any way you want. Some of the benefits of using the Spark SQL, which is kind of Spark SQL is sort of the future of Spark. You get a lot of optimizations with it. It has a catalyst optimizer that behind the scenes on the back end optimizes your queries. And it also has a more efficient memory model than the JVM. So, we're going to show you a cache and non-cached example.  So, you can just cache your data frames, which get turned into RDDs. If you use the Spark UI, you click the storage tab, and you see right there we have a 6 megabyte RDD. So, we want to make sure that that unavictable storage is at least that big, so it will hold our RDDs. This is our code example, non-cached. We generate a random RDD that we convert to random RDDs. We convert them into data frames. The cross join, which is a Cartesian product, and we do a group buy. One of the difficult things about a demo like this is you have to make a small example that will run quickly. You know, so this our code actually runs in under a minute. The cache version here is exactly the same, except we're caching that RDD that we know we're going to reuse. This is what the Catalyst Optimizer does for us in the Spark UI. You can see how it is optimized your code on the right. You can see in our cached version there. I'm not sure if you can read that, but those are in-memory tables. This is what our dashboards look like that we're going to show live. The non-cached and cached version, because that's hard to read. I'm going to just expand that a bit and show that by caching this one RDD we reduce the memory usage by about half. And those are workers, if you look at the first four entries. So, comparing non-cached versus cached, this is on four nodes. Seeing that, you know, we get 65% reduction in memory and we get a reduction in our timings. If we run it on eight nodes we also get over 50% reduction in memory and in our timing. The thing that we do leave on the table here though in this example is see how it's a little bit load imbalanced. You probably want to go back and run this again and run it through Prometheus and Grafana and maybe increase the number of partitions that we had from 200 to maybe 400 to see if we can load balance the cached version. So now we're going to run the demo. So I'll mirror it. I'll mirror it. So we start here at the OpenShift console. We've got to refresh that. One second. We're going to have to... We're going to connect to VPN just to show you that this is live. Definitely a live demo. It's a lot more fun to see a live demo than something that has a safety net, a video that you know, it's more fun. It's still connecting. It'll take a second. We are on one of the students accounts so it should work. It'll take a second. I think we're on now. I'm afraid it may have dropped the students. I'm sure we're... broken or... It's way more fun to do live demos. Oh, we're back on guest. That's the problem. We were on a students account and now we're back on guest. So it's not going to connect. So... So is this student who helped us? One second. One second. This one? We're still good on time. So I'll explain some of it while Diane's setting up everything. So what Diane's going to show you is she's going to be running SparkJob against a cluster with the sample code that Diane showed you. She'll have two different versions of the code. The two different versions that Diane showed you in the slide deck. And then once Diane deploys it to the cluster, we're going to see live metrics and graphs and charts. And our demo is okay. Yay, it's back. Perfect. Thanks for being patient. Okay, so first thing... We can see that our targets are up here. These are... This is in Prometheus. This is a view. If you're using Prometheus and if you've used it much, you know that one of the first things you want to do is check the status of your targets to make sure that they're actually being scraped and that they have a status of up so that they're sending you data. So our targets are up. Now I'm going to go to the deployment config that we have for the non-cached version. Perhaps I should explain what deployment configs are, right? So, if... So for example, since Diane already wrote her Python code and she wants the platform to handle creating a docker image, doing all that stuff and then this makes it a little bit easier to rerun your spark job so you can just rerun the deployment config by clicking deploy. So... But basically in order to create that deployment config, you would just use a template and then S2I would go and create that deployment for you. So... Here's our job. It just showed up. This is the non-cached version. I'm going to prove to you that it's not cached in the storage tab like I told you earlier. We have nothing there because nothing's cached. So... Now we're going to... But you can see that the job is running and these are the tasks that have succeeded so far. Then we'll go to Rafauna and we look at everything in the system is pretty quiet but the CPU usage is starting to pick up. And we're going to see in a second how the CPUs start to pick up. So... We've set scrape intervals at a particular... like a little bit of a... like a bigger number like 10 seconds or something. You can actually set scrape intervals to be a little bit quicker to scrape more frequently if you want to get more snappier graphs. So here we can see that we have these workers coming in the spark clusters at the top there. And they're using about five gigabytes of memory each. So we want to save on that. By doing caching we want to see how much we can improve on that. We have all these different dashboards that we created and it actually... especially if you love to measure things like I do it's a lot of fun to make these dashboards. There's kind of like infinite things you can do with this. Down here on the bottom we have this case. So say you're doing a lot of garbage collection. We don't happen to be doing that in this case.  And this area at the bottom is the storage that is is cached.  So here we see that the Cartesian product is happening now because we're up over 19%, 20%. It's a CPU intensive operation. We have one pod for container. One container for pod. And so these values are the same. That was from the diagram that Zach showed you earlier with the workers each having their own pod. And so that job is over now and we can go back here. Here. I need to look at SparkUI. See that our job finished in 1.2 minutes. So that's going to improve with the cached version. So we have the deployment config with the cached version right here. Push the deploy button to rerun that. So that was explaining how easy that is to do. Drive your job all set up. And we're going to see this job, the cached version coming here. So the tools I used to use in the past for viewing this kind of thing were callmux and collectall and it was all ASCII based. And you kind of saw what was happening over the whole cluster but you didn't get these nice graphs and you didn't have the control of building your own graphs so easily.  So see this. There we go. There's the cached version. It's proved to ourselves that it's really cached. Look at the storage. There's the cached RDD. Now we'll go to Grafana. You see that the cluster CPU usage and memory usage are down again between the jobs and you see the we're scraping every 10 seconds up there on the right. You can see that this is an 8 node cluster here and you can actually look at these statistics per node if you like or per application. I'm going to look at all of them instead and the new job coming in now is probably memory usage is half what it was with the 2.42 gigabytes and we have that benefit of caching shown here and like I said there are all kinds of knobs in this part that you can change and then you can quickly just see your improvement or degradation here through previous. And like when you're running things on even cloud workloads where you're paying by the minute for particular hardware resources, I think it's important to know exactly what's being utilized and to fix the bottlenecks and try to run your application with and be able to optimize your application a little bit better. I remember back when I was in college I did a startup where we built a search engine and did a lot of experimentation and we managed to optimize our code to run more efficiently and ended up saving like maybe almost 120 percent cost on AWS so it's always good to optimize for performance, save money too. So the timing on this was 44 seconds and yeah I think anytime you're doing some optimization you just don't know where to start unless you have some visualization of the utilization of the resources and this is going to work for GPUs and you can also put GPU information into Prometheus it just allows you to get the most out of your hardware and without it you have no idea what's really going on. You have to have some visualization of what's happening across the cluster. So does anyone have any questions? So we started with the Python code that we showed and then we ran using Oshinko at Rad Analytics I.O. They have S2I templates that you can run on Kubernetes and you input my code is sitting out on GitHub. I tell the template that my code is on GitHub it creates a Docker image for me. So I think I understand what you're asking is your Python code that you have let's say it's not Spark and you just have Python code you just import Prometheus PIP library and then you basically put all inside your code you put all the metrics in there and then you would get an endpoint and then that endpoint you would just add it into the config map in here and then Prometheus is going to be able to go and scrape it. I can't hear your question. I'll repeat the question. So in Europe and that's how you measure metrics and different things that are happening in your application. So there's some interesting projects so there's different ways to measure things. For example there's Open Tracing which is a Jager project. There is this type of metrics that we want to just get out of the application. We can instrument our application for metrics and then there's the log method that you have which is I want my application not to be too much tied to the external monitors that monitor my application. So that's one of the things I want my application not to be too tied within code not to be too tied with external monitors of my application and so if I need to import a specific Prometheus specific code and write Prometheus specific code in my application I think that's kind of anti-pattern. You can instrument your code also that's an option to instrument your code and output metrics in Prometheus format if you want to do that, that's an option. Can we add another question in the back? Yeah we have a question in the back. Thanks. So I can see where this would be very beneficial if I'm running a consistent workload to optimize for a workload. Are there any best practices for applications that are processing like dynamic data where you don't know what the exact volume of the data is going to be so like the distribution of what should be storage and what should be execution might change over time. Are there rules of thumb to start with if that's your use case? So in a Spark general Spark application are there rules of thumb is that what you're saying? Yes. Okay yeah there are a lot of rules of thumb like many of these settings with Spark for instance like the number of partitions you want to set like you want every one of your cores to get at least one partition so that's kind of a way, a load balancing thing and like Spark is very memory intensive so I in general start very high if possible with my memory usage just to get something running first so I'll start with you know like five gigabytes per worker that sort of thing that doesn't work I'll double it and then I'll back down so yeah there are rules of thumb there are a lot of knobs in Spark to set but yeah if you start with the right number of partitions and plenty of memory you've got a starting point you'll be able to look at it like this and then tune it down from there So I think we ran out of time but if anybody has any more questions please be in the hallway and we can just have discussions out there and thanks everybody for coming


Now that we have cited some sources, it's time to add our bibliography. Put the cursor where we want the bibliography to be and write Bibliography, Workscited, or References. Under the Zotero tab, click Add Bibliography, and voila! The bibliography appears. Note that we can edit our bibliography, but we recommend doing this only if necessary and with caution. Zotero will know what we have cited, but if for some reason we need to add or remove a citation, we can click the bibliography's text so it turns gray, then click Add Edit Bibliography again. A window will pop up, allowing us to move references back and forth. Again, we do not advise doing this unless for a specific reason. Citing sources using Zotero in our text will automatically add them to the bibliography. If we would like to add page numbers to a citation, simply click on the citation in the text, either in the parenthetical citation or in the footnote. And when the text is gray, click Add Edit Citation. Click on the citation we wish to add page numbers to in the red bar and add the page number or numbers. Press Return to return to the red bar, and then press Return to return to our document. We can click Refresh in the Zotero tab if the page numbers did not immediately display. Note that we can also omit author. Let's say we are using APA citation style and we write the sentence, here are and colleagues studied classroom makerspaces. While we don't need the citation to include here at all, we only need the date. So in this case, click the citation, click Add Edit Citation, click the citation we want to edit, then click omit author and hit Return twice. Now it simply says, here are and colleagues studied classroom makerspaces. Let's say we are using APA style, but our professor says we need to be using MLA. No problem. Click Document Preferences under the Zotero drop down or tab and change the style. Note, if we are switching between a parenthetical style and a footnote style, we can use the Zotero tab to change the style. Note that if we are switching between a parenthetical style and a footnote style, we can use the Zotero tab to change the style. If we are switching between a parenthetical style and a footnote style, we will want to double check where our citations are in relation to any punctuation.


Although the bonds may not be sold at par, but while avoiding the bankruptcy, the bonds basically at maturity goes to the par value. This means that bonds are matured at their par value. Now to account for the current income and the coupon interest payments occurred over the whole life of the bond. We need a certain rate of return that can accommodate these returns. And to measure this rate of return, we have a standard measure and that measure is termed as the yield to maturity or the YTM. By bond yield, we mean a measure of rate of return that account for both current income and the changes in the bond prices over the entire life of the bond till its maturity. And by yield to maturity, we mean the interest rate that makes the present value of a bond payment equal to the price of the bond. In yield to maturity, this is the average rate of return that is earned on a bond if it is bought now and it is held till the maturity. Yeet to maturity is computed by solving the bond price equation for the interest rate given the current market price. If we see the bond valuation formula, there is a discount rate that is denoted as R. So if we have all the values in the equation, we accept the value of R. So while solving the equation with the given values, we can determine the R and that R then is termed as the yield to maturity. We have an example, the yield to maturity of an 8% 30 years bond with power value of $1000 selling at $1276 would be what? So we put these given values in the bond valuation formula and solving for the R which is missing the YTM we get is 0.03 or 6% annually. If we see this, we can see that the YTM is basically the IRR on the investment made in this particular bond. YTM assumes that all bonds coupon payments are reinvested at the discount rate or the yield to maturity rate. By current yield, we means the bond's annual interest payments divided by its current price. For example, we have an 8% 30 years bond which is currently selling at $1276. We have this current price as to determine current yield, we will divide the annual coupon of $80 over this current price. The resulting figure of 6.27% will be termed as the current yield that is an earning that is earning an investor or the bond holder. What is the relationship between bond prices and the YTM? If the YTM is lesser than the coupon interest rate, this means that bond is selling at the premium above the power value, then this bond will be termed as the premium bond. And if YTM is equal to the coupon interest rate of the bond, then that is a power bond or means that bond is selling at its power value or the face value. But if the YTM is greater than the coupon interest rate of the bond, then the bond is selling at the discount. This means that that particular bond is a discount bond. By yield to call, we mean the yield on a bond if it is bought today and it is held till the call made by the company prior to the date of the bond's maturity. What is callable and non-callable bonds and the relation between these two? If interest rate fall, the price of a non-callable bond can rise as that we can see in our diagram in the right below panel where we see that the interest rate falling from right to left, the price of the bond is going upward and that is shown in the left upper quarter of the picture highlighted by below line. The price of a callable bond is flat over a range of low interest rates because of higher risk of repurchases. What is the relationship between callable and non-callable or the straight bonds? For straight bonds, if you see that there are falling interest rates, then the price of such straight bonds can rise and that we can say in the picture here the interest rates are falling from 13 percent towards the 3 percent. The price is going from 200 to 2000 and that is the line that shows the increase in the prices of the straight bond and the price of a callable bond is flat over a range of lower interest rates because of higher risk of repurchase because in these circumstances the issuer thinks it suitable to repurchase back the bond from the bond holder and that flat line we see here in this picture. But if the interest rates are higher, the risk of call is negligible and the values of both the straight and callable bonds converge with each other and that is the conversion area we see because the interest rates are getting higher for both the bonds. So these are converging to a similar level of prices. But at the lower rate of interest, the values of bond begin to diverge and that we see when the interest rates fall from 13 percent towards the 3 percent and that is the diversion area. This diversion is with the difference reflecting the value of the firm's option to reclaim the callable bonds at the call price. So if we conclude this discussion, we can see that the bond market analysts might be more interested in a bond's yield to call rather than the yield to maturity particularly if the bond is likely to be called by the issuer. The realized compound return will be equal to YTM if the reinvestment rate is same as the yield to maturity but there is a problem in this particular situation because the conventional yield to maturity will not equal to the realized compound return because the realized compound return cannot be computed in advance without a forecast of future interest rates or the reinvestment rates. To signify this issue, we have an example where we assume that reinvestment rates are equal to the yield of maturity. We have an example where a two years bond selling at power value paying a 10 percent coupon once a year, the YTM is 10 percent and if the hundred dollars coupon payment is reinvested at an interest rate of 10 percent, the $1,000 investment in the bond will grow after two years to $1,210 and there we work here. For first year the investment value is 1100 and for the second year we have an interest value of 110 so we have a two years bond price at 1210 and if we equate these two values means the value of two years bond equal to the value at 0 which is grown at the reinvestment rate to determine the compound rate of return. We have the unknown value of R and solving this equation for R we get a rate of 10 percent and that 10 percent is equal to the rate of YTM which is again the 10 percent. But if the reinvestment rate is below the yield to maturity, we have another example with little difference. We have a two years bond selling at power value paying a 10 percent coupon once in the year and the YTM we assume is 10 percent if the hundred dollars coupon payment is reinvested at a reinvestment rate of 8 percent, the $1,000 reinvestment in the bond will grow after two years to $1,208 to determine this we have computation here where we have 1100 value at the end of the year 1 then we grow this to 8 percent and the second year value we have $1,208 if we determine the value of R as the reinvestment rate we solve this equation for R and that is here at 9.91 percent which is less than the yield to maturity which is 10 percent. One analysis basically is the forecasting realized compound yield over various holding periods or the investment horizons. The forecast of total return depends on two things. The first is a bond forecast sale price at the end of the bond's life and second is the reinvestment rate at which the coupon are reinvested. The sale price again depends in turn on the YTM at the horizon date.


Hello, everybody. Andrea Mayesca here with Dental Tutoring. So as of today, it is April the 23rd. I am offering a payment plan on every single course. So the payment plans will be over three or four months depending on the course. So this should make it so much easier for everybody who wants to actually study and learn something since we're all sitting at home and make it obviously a lot more affordable for you. So just to show you here is the website. I will leave the link for you guys on the bottom. If you guys just simply scroll down you will see the full price first but all you have to do is simply click on it and then it will give you the option here. Okay, so for you to have a payment plan it will collect your email and your credit card info but that's it. So payment plans will come out on the same day every single month and then it will stop after those months are, those months are over. So some months it will say three months and some it is four months. Okay, so just have a look. If you guys though have any questions please just let me know and I do hope that this helps for a lot of people. So just simply look down see everything that we have. A lot of you guys have been looking into the the express course which is now on sale for $99 but now with the payment plan it is only three three payments so one payment per month of only $35 that's it. So I hope this helps you guys. I will talk to everybody soon and have a nice Thursday.


That's what I'm talking about. And you are still on Bounce Nation. We are the legis most times up show in 254. If you didn't know, now you know. Shout out to everybody. When you're bada kwa June Day in Uliyanda, Shona, Sisi, you're still here. Like I keep saying you're the real MVP. I go by Feline, that is Feline June on all socials. Na vi le to Lianza. I told you guys, we have a new YouTube channel at Feline June Lifestyle. Go subscribe Kingsley. We have a guest in studio. He's not new to this show or any other show. You've been seeing him since high school. He's been dominating this industry and music from back then and he is still here doing what he does best.  Award winning by the way. Did I say award winning singer? He's also a songwriter, performing and recording artist. He goes by the name Boss Emoji. Let me tell you guys, boss came in. I was like, oh my God, niko na homa. And then boss comes in. Me enajangu na shukayake koko. Enajaka is at 100. So right now I'm literally operating on his energy. His energy is really riding off on me. Umegu ajiwe. It's been a minute. I think the last time I saw you was like two years ago. Yeah, two to three years ago. Two to three years ago. It's been, what? Mungu wa nasa udo. Mungu wa nasa idea bro. That is a long time. Where have you been? What have you been up to? Tell us everything. I know last year uleto angamama mingisana, but you did not. Last year? No, last year I didn't talk to my mum. No, 2021? Yes, 2021. But then you called 2022. Yeah, because 2022, I don't know. 2022 is like... 2021 uleto angamama mabu. A lot of features. Yeah, you did a lot. I think I came and said that it will be a year that I give on any chance to upcoming artists trying to give back to the society trying to bring out new talent. I believe the best is yet to come. Of course. The best is yet to be seen. Kenyabada jiaxost. We have not exactly. I feel like the artist whom people consider top artist, ah, heu kuchini kuna talent zaiti. Kuna, nimi na jawan? Awa japata platform. Awa japata platform? Yeah. Pia, made me time yandio bada. So, msi ya rakisha time. Yeah. Everyone has their own time by the way. Yeah, sure, for sure. That's true. They say God's time is the best. Perfect, perfect. Right.  He was part of emoji. Or mitu na nilim, but go let him go. Go let him go. And you were still in high school? Yes, I was in high school. Yeah. Ya, ya. Onajwa, normally mitu wa mitu wa say, you have to start living your dream as early as possible. Ah, yes, possible, yeah. So that you don't end up purchasing up.  But I think it's also just privilege. Nivilej, nivilej kwa na irobi. Privilej ga ni. Privilej ya kwa na irobi bro? Naira, do you know how many artists are in a robi?  They have to perform at the studio. I think ni grace there. Ni grace there. Ni grace there because, I remember tini kwa high school, we were asked, ni haja? Who do you want to become? That was the first time to link up a class ya four months. So every Mualima, the first teacher who went there was like an English teacher. Akatuliza, what do you guys want to learn? What do you guys want to become? People are like, Askarid polisi. Askarid polisi by the way. Dr. Hidini.  So when it, it uponifikiya was like, me I want to be a musician. You guys are like.  So let me make a monitor, a class monitor. Ndi yo, kukontrolio noisi ake. Jyusupi ga kelele, na kumu nanti ka weke. Na apanda onili pewa hache yo. First day, they thought I was a nice maker. So it was good, because by the time I was in a film too, I was in a gazete. Ah. We got into a, today's my wedding day, day's my wedding day. See good. I love wali naysayas. They are like, oh. So they come back and they are like, kumu nili kwa Syria. Yeah, yeah, it was good. Right, but do you ever, do you think you guys as an emoji will ever come back? Will you ever see you guys on stage together or do music together anytime soon? I think for anyone who wants to see emoji on stage, you can only come together on stage wali kuna do. Yeah. Yeah, so you pay us as emoji, then we come the three of us. Yeah. Yeah, yeah, that's the only, because right now people have responsibilities. Let me just say that. Na yo demitwa, you may make it hard for us to come back together. Yeah.  Okay. Kenja na kwa studio. Tuna dun go, ma itoki. Itoki. Eh, so after me, I become frustrated.  Yeah. Kwa ni ngingim, kila kila, you are coming. Namfiki. Namfiki. So, I'm like, if you want to see emoji on your stage, Fika Bay. Right. But you've been in the industry for a long time and you're still here. You're like super resilient. I went just, what have you learned over the years, maybe someone who's just like starting out can learn from you. Like, because um, because um, because um, because um, because um, personally, there are two things about music. There are two things I've come to learn about music. Music is either God makes it works for you or Waganga makes it works for you. And I will not lie, music has some dark forces behind it. Enjoy either in the light, waiting on God to, to, you know, to, you know, to recognize. And that's what I'm saying.  God is for everyone. That's why it rains in the ocean. Yeah. The ocean doesn't need it, but it rains in the ocean. Cause God, cause God like it to rain, it's never for the church. It's for, it's for the nation. It's for the nation. It benefits the nation. So God, alitumbas is work. So it's either God makes it work for you and that's where the spiritual part of it comes in. Cause you're either in the light or in the dark. Yeah. That's true. Yeah, cause even tizas can tell you. Excuse me. We've seen an altercation of tizas, tanzani artist. We've seen that. One telling the other one of Nishindiko Uganga Nishindiko Pesa Nishindiko Koneksha. No, no, no, then in stories are jaba. No, it's names are. Kuma ni storyko. And speaking of that, Erikomuni came recently and just spoke about the scenes. The gospel industry. Please, please speak about that. I was asking Erikomuni. I was asking Erikomuni. I was asking Erikomuni. I was asking Erikomuni. Since you were seeing an artist in Umoja, what were you doing in Umoja and you don't stay in Umoja? I was asking Erikomuni. He means not a gospel artist though. I think he can justify himself. But you know you can't do it. No, no, no, no, no, no. You cannot be in the crime scene. And you saw people committing crime. So you want to be exempted from it. No, no, no, you are also part of the crime. But anyway. I think Erikomuni. I think that's one of the best stories that we have ever heard about. We like what he's doing. He has to maintain that trending. Erik will say anything any day. Kus if first, it was the industry of Kenya. And you know, the people he was even addressing are people who left gospel music and went to say Kila. if you have faith in me, feel the glory of one community What is happening is that you still hold the jambu It seems like, living is an easier I have had so many people come to me But most of them say that they think that they have got something Because let me tell you there is not any writer who can read us more than the songs that we have written But you write for a lot of secular artists You have the song for Vivian And the chameleon is the song. Actually most of the hit songs are from Zavivian. And so I can stand there and say I can stand and say that because the songs that I've written in the secular industry have more views than even my songs. And even the songs of Mekipo. Do you feel bad when you see that like when you go into a main bike and like ten million it get confusing when people start telling you but that's so vuk. Okokokuna pesa okokuna utakula vizuri nini nini but you know when God calls you he doesn't look at the talent. Some people think this thing is about voice. I can tell you Julio Kali has no great voice but wewa tokuna sautikali aji bado ezi fike jwa Kali. You kind. Yeah that's true. Every gift come with grace. Every gift. Soonezata raumutu se me umu sayata hembangi vizuri but what you need is not the voice. What you need is the grace. And most people don't know how this thing works. That's why at times ata muko job nama say una feel like umu se mbo nana promotio na mendo na wa hard kumushinda then you realize it's not about working hard. It's about the grace. So personally I did not start singing or I did not sing gospel music because I had the voice I had the church there. No it was a calling. God didn't call. So I cannot confuse the calling because I know the voice that called me. Yesonezata ma my ship know my voice. So anyone mwenyali kama kemba gospel kafkamali a kaji iskia Abana. Ali confusiuti the first time. And so it's ok. But there's no judgment. Everybody can do what they love. It's your life at the end of the day. But then I saw you were against people sharing dreams with other people like walls and stuff.  So you were speaking against that. Is that something that actually happened to you? Definitely it happens to even most of the musicians. Anyone mwenyameshawa ito angoma na kasha before I release Iyo song a yendangi ma Ali Iyo song a yendangi ma Ali Atu jatua song atu uko overjoyed kwa studio nini umechu kwa song umeshiana wasap kuna say niaji niaji What do you think about this song? Most of the time atu nashiana people whom you don't know they are your competitors they see you as a threat one feel like every time we jamana anata akuruli song kwa sobabu atukupai space eida niko ama space nyanataka kukua So some people speak word on your songs and you don't know that by the words have powers Words have powers and I have come to notice that whatever we say becomes especially about yourself because the babu says as a man think so is he and I recently I recently just learned that there are wives even speak about yourself and the devil uses them against he uses them against you he accuses you to God if you say I miss you nika mania you say something like that the devil hears it when God wants to bless you the devil use that but atleast I am only like let me put it clear because now I have a chance to speak about God in this show let me make it clear let me make it clear the devil has no power to cast a man any man has no power so the only thing he has is your word what did you say Shafiweru can tell you immediately they started talking about gospel music taking over we took over they started talking in the radius by the guy gospel gospel is taking over it was a word they spoke it but die the same media can say saykila gospel is dying without no time gengeton diao people say gengeton will die and it came once half hour by the way I have been learning about that in old how many things you say about yourself you have to go back you have to you have to because your words have powers you are a product of your word that's why God on a bong about kukwana faith and you need to have faith in everything you do so let's talk about Anzanamimi the one we just started with you performed that you have released it I released it but apparently I realized I can do what I want I don't know excuse me you cannot repost that video last year I wanted to release it in January but it came out late so I released it in February so it didn't make sense because I felt like it wasn't the beginning of the year so I wanted God to remember that song that by the way I wanted to start but you were talking about real stuff not just like you but basically anyone who you were born in poverty raised in poverty maza hey hey hey hey hey hey sinwa so ageto maza so koro kocho dandora jiran niapa babadogo jiran niapa so the thing is nili luz maparoni kwa 3 years old all of them so coming to Nairobi was not easy nili kama Natrei we were in Nairobi for 2 days so you can imagine who is wearing the same style as us so my brothers were also struggling so I was wondering if there was a street in some weird ways they were in a damping site that's where I used to get some of my food and the damping site here is Dandora so I used to get my food from there kwa esi kimilia uzini kwa vizhite shinia na uzini kwa hoohumia hwini kwa tisha kwa kwa uzihaka kwa ono nishio waziyama kwa hini kwa hini kwa m reveri nilla kwa hini kwa kwa hini kwa waziyama kwa kwa hiti kwa hini kwa gwe mab towardu kwa hini kwa hini kwa maikutuna kwa b개 vaziyama kwa kwa hini kwa kwa hini kwa maikutuna kwa hini kwa kwa hini kwa bisi hwa mab Aunt is not good for them so most dreams are dead right now Barbu, get in their two ways, to make it You either god makes you make it or you try Most of the times people die trying because�ח of crime Are our greatest dreams are the three of us We are having big tips You said that you have to find a job right Pour is, you don't have credentials kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa na jumu po, kwa kwa na ma demoa supu, kwa kwa kwa na sema kwa mta. What are you going to do? Those are becoming your inspirations. So unless God helps you from such an environment, manzei. And one of the things nengepenokushu wa suwa geto. If you want to change, if you want to be the change in your family or anywhere, try befriending people who are far or away from your environment, because they'll give you a different perspective about life. But if every time when I want to have two more sufferings to around you, your mind can never, you have to funguka. That's true. You have to experience other places. It's so unfair how the whole of Kenya, they sit for the same exam. You're told about the street lights, which kala means gold, everything. You don't know what it is. Go ahead. I'm like, sometimes... Go out. Yeah, go out and just see the world and see what they are talking about. So first forward, 2023, you have your first song. Agama, first song. Apana Tambua. I topped it this morning. Tell us about that. Apana Tambua, I realised that so many people got so many views. Ya ni kila maali muntu ana. Watutu ana patiyana. Wana patiyana advices. This day is... Motivational speakers. People have become motivational speakers. Muntu ana metua kwa relationship ujana.  And they are speaking from the failing point of view. They are all like... If you find a woman advising women, they are speaking from one side point of view. So una patiyana, even the person who is being advised ana chukwa from one point of view. So even approaching life becomes so difficult. Because una chukwa kila muntu. Every story has three sides. There is your side, my side of the story and this is the truth. And then there is the truth. Angie nuskilam ursepima kitida in sur advente. Ya ni imagine mi nil modelling kwa. Wudemusilge na. W감u nizi. I love kwa la kin Treasure crop? Yah ni ata ki la kin. Lakinne kona ukulia... Urui mo prigo kwa sabab understands lefold. Yah nands. Kwa e ni. One of the reason why Adam alikulaile matunda, nia li change where to get the source of information, immediately ali get wrong information, everything went wrong. Everything went wrong. As long as Adam... And we are still paying the price. And we are still paying the price because Aliski is at the wrong person, so your source of information matters and that's what I'm telling people, kama si mungu, kama si mungu amesema, miya panatambua. Well done. Yeah. I would love to see here and chat with you. We can chat the whole day, but unfortunately because of time, so we'll just do something. I'll do a trivia. All right. Joining our God Womu Koka, we'll buy both. So let's do a trivia. Let's try. Let's do a trivia and then you perform for us the new song, panatambua of course. And we're so honored. It's dropping here for the first time. For the first time. This is the first media tour. Zagadets. So honored. Shout out to you by the way. I appreciate it. Right. So I have a few questions I'm going to ask you and I have the answer. How good you are with the Bible. We sum up Biblia Wisholini. Let's go. Who adopted Moe's Day as a baby? Farah's daughter. Ah, bro. That is actually true. Okay. Who was the first king of Israel? Who was the first king of the soul? So you're not paying. So you're not paying. Yes. So that's why. What was the first miracle Jesus performed? Changing water into wine. Okay. That is nowhere. Okay. Which city or temple was Jesus visit when, okay. His parents went looking for him. What? There is a lamb. Ha. Twati.  Okay. What is the shortest book in the New Testament? Shortest book up on the menu. Hey. Second John. Second John. Yeah. Okay. What was Matthew's job? Matthew's job. He was a tax collector. Tax collector. Yeah. What tribe is the apostle Paul from? Tribe. The tribe, yeah. The tribes of Israel. See, we have 12. So Paul in your tribe, Gani. Yeah, yeah. Kidawgosia. Benjamin. Okay. Benjamite. Benjamite. Yeah, Benjamite. Right. Now who wrote most books of Proverbs? Oh, nani. Anitudaudi. Ah, Solomon. No, Proverbs, Solomon. Solomon. Yeah, Solomon wrote Proverbs. Half of the New Testament is made up of letters written by. Paulo. Paulo Nete. My name. My name. My name. Paul. That's what I'm talking about. My name is Paulo Nete. Where a lot of people... Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. Umona. OK. So to much acuper foam. Alright, so shoutout to everybody. Man lekk it hurts me more than it hurts you when we have to go. Sometimes a need time to nayshanga. It's three hours. How's the whisper? I do not now. But we love and appreciate you too much. We'll do it now. Looking for Lithuania. Yeah. Thank you so much for watching the show. Our bals are coming through. We appreciate that too much. Shoutout to everyone that made a show a postive protest. Shoutout Edna. Shoutout Rose right here. Eugene Mark. Shoutout to Evonne. And everyone shout out to Daniel shout out to wow mkasi it's it's a whole it's a whole crew thank you so much everybody shout out to Kingsley right here for playing us good music and ofc shout out to every bouncer for tuning in see before 22nd fanyavi to get upa la youtube film jins lifestyle subscribe kengsley underscore subscribe on his youtube channel as well Na mese기도, kwa y Sang让バトン ha Emmanuel kwenya Allah para watu gaen. Lynutu, kwa niyanu? Ya nedetu Bisa have a studio So if you want to want your song recorded you can just call this number 0721 8969 Bikam Oh Bikam, I saw that on YouTube I didn't know that was your studio So shout out to you Follow him at boss emoji to find out more about production if you want some and apanatambua brand new from Boss Emery playing right here on Bounce Nation for the first time peace


Now may the God of peace make you holy in every way. And may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless until our Lord Jesus Christ comes again. Now what you're seeing here mentioned is body, soul, spirit. Say, I am a spirit who has a soul that lives in a body. Now let me be very clear here, I am not by any means saying that man is a trinity. But I am saying that there are three aspects to man's nature. The human being was born with three aspects in regards to his nature. Now that is spirit and soul and body. Now I have these gentlemen standing up here to kind of give us this illustration of which is what. And I don't want to spend too much time on this but this is a foundational understanding. You are the spirit. So look like the spirit. It's hard to do, I know. So he's the spirit, you're the soul. And I'm sorry, Nick, but you're the flesh.  Or the body, the physical body. Spirit, soul, body, say it with me. Spirit, soul, body. Spirit, soul, body, watch this. Your body is what we shall call your earth suit. It's your communication with the world around you. It's how you sense the world around you. It's how you experience interaction with other individuals. Every interaction that you have with another individual is grounded in the physical realm, at least on this side of eternity. Now, what's interesting here is that many people are under the assumption, the false assumption, that the physical body is somehow evil in and of itself. That the physical body is some wicked thing and where that confusion comes from is simple. When Paul the apostle writes of the flesh, sometimes translators translate the word flesh the same way for body and sin nature. So you have to look carefully at the context when you're reading. Sometimes when the scripture talks about the flesh, it's talking about the sin nature, the carnal mind, the tendency to do evil. And other times when it's talking about the flesh, the scripture is talking about your physical body. Now if the Bible says that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, how is it possible that your physical body is evil? It's not. It's what we choose to do in the body that makes it good or evil. It's what we choose to do in the body that makes it holy or unholy. So the physical body can be holy. It can be a carrier of the glory of God. I remember one time I was ministering in Kansas and I just got done preaching a service. I'm in the lobby and as I'm in the lobby, I saw this woman on the side of my eye. She comes hobbling into the service or out of the service. Her knee, something was wrong with it and it was very obvious because she had a very distinct limp. So she's limping by me and suddenly she stands up straight like something had surprised her. She looks around like this and she starts stomping her foot. She turns to me, reaches out toward me and starts running, screaming. I was terrified. I had no idea what she wanted with me. She comes, she starts shaking me. Like shaking me, screaming, what did you do? I had no idea what she was talking about. I was like, backing up like this, like, what are you saying, what happened? She said, I had surgery on my knee like two years ago for the last two years because they didn't do so well on the surgery for the last two years I've been walking around in pain.  I was shocked. I said, Lord, I didn't even pray for her. That's what I said to the Lord. I said, I didn't even pray for her. He said, and this is what the Holy Spirit said. He said, that's because I live in you and every so often I like to reach out and touch people. The physical body, say it with me. Say, I am a carrier of the glory.  You don't have to go searching for atmospheres when you carry an atmosphere. The physical body, the physical body, guys, is not evil. It can house the glory of God. I was attending a Bible conference and I set my Bible down. Eric, you'll like this. I set my Bible down on the chair and I left. And then somebody brought me the Bible. They thought I lost it.  You left it on a chair. I thought, well, great, now I lost my seat. But this individual who was handing me the Bible was shaking. And I asked myself, what's wrong? This person said, I don't know. They said, when I grabbed your Bible I felt like a heat and a tingling sensation move up my body and now my body's trembling. It was the fire of God, guys. And that tangible touch of God's power is not just on me, it's on you too. It's the power of God. So the physical body can be programmed under the sin nature or the spirit. That's why the Bible says if you wanna walk in the spirit if you walk in the spirit you will not fulfill the desires of the flesh. Why? Because you can only be programmed for one thing at a time. So the physical body was trained under an old mindset which is why the flesh has what's called the sinful cravings. The cravings came from an old way of living. But here's what happens when you begin to live in the spirit. The physical body begins to lose those cravings and the things that used to give you pleasure disgust you now when you even begin to think about them. That's what happens. Your physical body starts being trained under that new way to live, that new mindset. It's like an upgrade on your phone. You ever have a phone start glitching and then you get the new software updates? Suddenly it starts working better? Same thing, your physical body got a software upgrade. Adam 2.0, Christ in you. Old nature gone, new nature lives in me and now I'm transformed. So it's transformed under the mind. What does the Bible say? Be not conformed to the pattern of this world but be transformed by the renewing of the... Okay, you got it. That's it, program the body under the spirit. Now watch, that's a body. I am a spirit who has a soul that lives in a body. Okay, so the body can be trained under the spirit. Now the soul is the mind, the will, the emotions and the personality. The mind, what you think, the will, what you desire, the emotions, what you feel, the personality, how you behave. This is where mindsets are established. This is where thought patterns are established. Let me show you something. In 2 Corinthians chapter 10, this is so powerful. 2 Corinthians chapter 10, I'm gonna go down to verse, I'll go down to verse three, watch this. We are human, what we don't wage war as humans do. We use God's mighty weapons, not worldly weapons. What's the point of this? What's the spiritual warfare right here? To knock down strongholds of human reasoning. Guys, did you hear what that said?   Knowing, there's the mind again, God. We capture their rebellious thoughts and teach them to obey Christ. You know it in the King James Version as casting down imaginations and every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God. The soul is where bondage is not necessarily owning you, but it's where bondage is influencing you. The mindsets of this world, the pattern of this world, we preachers need to stop taking our cues from the world and start taking them from scripture again. Can I just be real with you tonight? There's no power when you preach your political opinion. The Holy Spirit's not gonna back that. I've seen great men and women of God, anointed who carry the glory on their ministries the moment they start focusing on their politics, the glory lifts.  Comment yes, vote yes, influence yes, but to let that take over who you are in Christ, your identity's not based there. Our mindsets are rooted in the word, not in the world. When you preach your opinion, you lose power because God will only back his message with power. He will not back your message. If I were to stand up here tonight and preach my opinion, there'd be no anointing on it. If I were to preach my thoughts on any one given subject, there would be no anointing on it. But when I stand up here and look to the word and look at you and say thus saith the Lord, there's power on it because it's what God is saying and he backs his message with his power. So those messages start to take root in the soul. They start to grip you, old thought patterns. You say, oh, I was raised this way. I go to a church where like 90% of the church members are ex-gang members. I'm serious. Steve and I go to the same church. There's a church and that's hyperbole, not 90%, but if the culture was a gang culture and they will tell you they came out of that mindset. I'm not talking that they would run the streets. I always kind of got weirded out when they would say like, these are my streets. I own them, I'm thinking like, okay. So like, that always confused me. I didn't know like, are you the mayor? Are you like, do we pay taxes to you? Like, how does that work exactly? But you know, that was the kind of mindset and I've seen firsthand people go from that gang lifestyle of violence and selling drugs and in and out of prison to being transformed and suddenly they're like the sweetest people in the world. Why? Because a stronghold was taken down from the mind. These are the type of people, I know guys who you even looked at them wrong they would cut you. But now people can come to the church and be rude to them, push them around and they kind of keep their cool. They're like, okay, you know what? I'm just gonna let that go. And I watched that transformation because that's a stronghold in the mind being uprooted. And this is why, this is why church we have to allow the Holy Spirit to work in our minds. Now the mind has all of those problems, the lies we believe, the deception we allow ourselves to believe, the opinions we allow ourselves to have have to be checked by the word. So this is still the soul, the mind, the will, those things we desire, emotions, some people live by their emotions, man. One day they walk into the church, I'm ready, I'm gonna fast, I'm gonna do what God tells me to do. And then by the next week everybody there is a hypocrite, I couldn't stand what happened there and so and so looked at me wrong and there's all of these things and excuses that begin to impede their spiritual growth because they're living by their emotions. Now before you were saved, the Bible says you were dead in your sins, right? Means there was no spirit. Before you were saved, all you were was body and soul, existing but not living, animated but not alive. And you would go living from the body and the soul and that's why all you lived for was what you physically craved and what your emotions told you to do. You only lived out of two outer shells of who you are. You lived in the body and the soul. You lived for cravings and for self. It's where selfishness came from. If you thought something made sense to you, your whole path of life was placed on that which you thought mattered, on that which you were taught to believe, on that which the world instilled in you but now the Bible says, and notice by the way Jesus said, don't fear the one who can destroy just the body.  You notice he doesn't mention the spirit there and he doesn't mention the spirit there because those who are alive in the spirit are destined to heaven. Now when you were dead in your sins you did not have a spirit. You were just body and soul. But when you were born again, Jesus said that which is born of the flesh is, that which is born of the flesh is, but that which is born of the spirit is, so you were born once but you must be born again of the spirit. You see what I'm saying? You didn't have that sense. Now the spirit is your connection with God. First Corinthians chapter two, verses 10 through 12, tell us about our connection with God and how the Holy Spirit searches out the deep things of God and he communicates the deep things of God with your spirit. First Corinthians chapter six verse 17 says, he that is joined to the Lord is one spirit with him. I have one spirit with God. I'm not battling two natures. It's not me and some other guy. You have one nature. And you may say, then why is it sometimes that I sin? You realize that when you sin, you're acting in a nature that is not yours. You're acting against your nature. Some people say, you know when I sin, I feel like a fake. I say, I got good news for you.   That's not who you really are. You're not a wolf in sheep's clothing.  So my sin nature, I'm not even identifying with that anymore.  That woman went through so many things, some her own fault and she would admit that. But she actually went through a divorce. Many people don't know this about Miss Coleman. She went through a divorce and years later, obviously God restored her. She went back into ministry. Woman comes up to Miss Coleman years after her divorce and she comes to her and she says, how can you call yourself a woman of God? How can you stand up there and preach? She just started to berate her with her past. And Miss Coleman said, oh my dear, I believe you have me confused for someone else. I don't identify with that person anymore. Paul says, when I sin, I'm not the one sinning, but sin living in me. Is he saying we're not responsible for it? No, he's saying I don't identify with it. Now here's how it works, okay? So here, righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Ghost. That's the kingdom of God. Some of you know the verse, most of you know the song. But righteousness, peace, joy in the Holy Ghost. Flow through the spirit. Power in the spirit. Anointing in the spirit. Love in the spirit. Romans five, five, the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Spirit. The gifts of the spirit flow through us by the Holy Spirit. All of these things available, the desire to pray, the love of God's word, the boldness for evangelism, the power to live holy, all of it here. Here's the problem. Most Christians live like this. What's going on here? What happened? Nothing, okay. Okay, you look forward. The flesh winked at the soul. Okay, so that's how they work too. Now here's the problem. Spirit flowing. Everything you ever need. What if, remember, we read it. 1 Corinthians 6, 17, I quoted it to you. He that is joined to the Lord is one spirit with him. Do you realize in your spirit you already know God? This is why people ask me all the time, how is it possible that God would give us the Holy Spirit and then why would there be a need after God gives us the Holy Spirit to receive the Holy Spirit? When is the Holy Spirit received? I'm here to tell you tonight that the baptism with the Holy Spirit, as I will show you, is not about you getting more of God. It's about God getting more of you. So here's spirit, power of God is flowing. Everything, I am one with Christ in my spirit. This is why I say that revelation is not when you gain new knowledge. Revelation is when that which you know in your spirit manifests in your carnal understanding. So I already know that. First John 2, 27, you've received an anointing. In the spirit, you don't need a man to teach you. Now, some people think that that literally means they don't need anybody to teach them. What it means is you don't need anybody to teach your spirit, your spirit already knows. Otherwise, why would God give us the gifts of the teacher? Why would God give the church the teacher if nobody needed to be taught? Okay, so that's not what it's saying. It's saying you know God in your spirit. I know him, I'm one. I'm walking in perfect fellowship with him. The problem is that we face the exterior things in life. On the outside, right here in the realm of the flesh, finances do that. Relationships, your health, things at your job, the concerns of this world, your many responsibilities, your connections with your loved ones, all of it, including your emotions up and down. Now, here's the problem. Because we are attached to the exterior things of the world, the fact that the world is chaotic means that there's chaos produced in the soul. This is why some of you can be so excited to be a part of ministry, the church, evangelism, worship one week, and then the next week want nothing to do with it. This is why your prayer life is inconsistent. This is why you can't devote to the word of God every single day. You know why? Think about prayer just for a moment. You can volunteer down at the soup kitchen. You can volunteer for the media ministry. You can volunteer to play on the worship team. You can volunteer to do all sorts of things and you'll love it, but the moment you start to pray, your flesh starts to squirm. And the reason your flesh starts to squirm when you pray is because prayer is the death of the flesh. But we live like this, not wanting to tap into the spirit. And so our emotions go up and down. Our mental state goes up and down. We get our cue. We start to think like the world thinks. God give us to sermon in this hour. We start to think like the world thinks. We become so focused on the exterior that our joy begins to dwindle. Now you've been praying, God, give me a breakthrough. God, help me feel better.  And you think God is gonna come and change everything on the exterior. He does, sometimes. God, fix the marriage. God, heal my body. Father, bless me financially. Nothing wrong with praying those things, by the way. But the issue is this. You're waiting for God to transform your life through some dramatic transformation of the exterior circumstance. You're looking for your breakthrough from a large external transformation rather than a small internal shift. When you live like this facing the spirit, it doesn't matter what happens out here because I have joy in here. I can't shake me. There was a powerful man of God who was riding on an airplane, taking a nap. Suddenly, the pilot realized that they were lost and running out of fuel. Everyone in the cabin started to panic. I knew this man personally. He has since then gone home to be with the Lord. But they came to him and they said, look, we need to, we're gonna do an emergency landing. We have to find where we're landing. They woke him up and he says to them, he said, Jesus slept through the storm. I will sleep through this. And he went back to sleep. Now they ended up landing safely. They found where they needed to go. I knew that powerful man of God. Like I said, he's gone home to be with the Lord. But powerful, powerful man of God, unshaken by circumstances in this world, unshaken. I know another man who was actually in a plane crash, survived. Everyone was panicking on the plane. He told me this and the people there can testify. As the plane is rolling, he's laughing in the spirit. I kid you not, the people on the plane said this. Everyone survived, thank God. But he says the thing, they crashed and they're rolling. And he's praying in the Holy Ghost, laughing as they roll. And he came out without a scratch on him. I'm hearing about these people laughing when airplanes roll. I'm thinking, man, I start to get stressed when I start to wonder if the financial responsibilities will be met. I remember one time there was a need in the ministry. Oh, I was stressing. And I knew we were up against the deadline. And I said to the Holy Spirit, please, please, please take care of this need. Speak to someone, anyone. I'll take it from even someone who doesn't know you, Lord. Just anybody. What does the Bible say? Wealth of the wicked is laid up for the righteous. I'll take it. So I'm praying this. And the Holy Spirit says to me, I'm gonna take care of it. I said, thank you, thank you, thank you, but Lord, please send it, please send it, please send it, please send it. I'm gonna take care of it. I said, thank you, Lord. And I kept praying for it. So this gentleman comes, he's a wealthy gentleman. And he just decides, hey, I'm gonna write you this check. And he just writes us a check. The moment he wrote that check and I was holding the check in my hand, ah, I felt relief. Because I knew it was enough to cover what we needed and then some. I said, thank God, you came through again. And the Holy Spirit rebuked me.  But when a man gives you his signature, suddenly you have peace. I felt like this, babe. I was like, I don't know if I wanna know the voice of the Holy Spirit right now. He'll rebuke you, man. He said, when you can trust my voice as much as you trust a man's signature, then you know you're walking in faith. What does that represent to us? The exterior living in the flesh, worried, attached to all of these things when God wants you to face the Spirit. When you live like this, you cannot be shaken. When you live like this, it doesn't matter what they say, it's not gonna work you up. It doesn't matter how they treat you because you're gonna still have the love of God and the strength to treat them properly. You see, when you treat people well who mistreat you, it says more about you than it does about them. So I can live like this, you can live like this if we would simply face the things of the Spirit. This is why I believe that Paul the apostle wrote. Think about what they were facing, persecution, all of these things. Paul the apostle writes, I'm pressed, but I'm not crushed. I may be persecuted out there, but I'm never abandoned. And then he says this, you can even strike me down, but I can never be destroyed. I am a spirit who has a soul that lives in a body. Thank you, gentlemen. I am a spirit who has a soul that lives in a body. You say, David, okay, what does that have to do with the baptism of the Holy Spirit? Now that you've got the foundation, I'll take just a few minutes to teach this now. When is the Holy Spirit received? At salvation, you receive the Holy Spirit in your spirit. At baptism, you release him into the soul and body.  He said, out of your innermost being, your spirit will flow rivers of living water. And the scripture tells us very clearly that when Jesus talked about the rivers of living water, he was talking about the Holy Spirit. Therefore, the baptism with the Holy Spirit is when that river within me floods everything around me. Baptism takes place when I'm submerged. You see, the same thing is true of a ship, a boat. A boat stays afloat because it's in the water, but the water is not in it. The moment the water gets inside the boat, the boat becomes baptized. Some of you have the Holy Spirit. If you're a believer, Romans eight, nine tells us that if they don't have the Spirit of Christ, they don't belong to God. Many of us in this room have the Holy Spirit. The question is, does the Holy Spirit have you?   We need to empty ourselves and allow that water, that river of living water to flow from deep within. The baptism with the Holy Spirit is not rain from heaven. It's a flood from within. When that water begins to overflow from my spirit, it fills the soul. When that water fills the soul, my mind is transformed. My emotions are lifted. My heart is changed. My mindsets begin to adapt to the word of God. My personality even begins to become transformed because the soul is being overcome by the floodwaters of the spirit. Now something very amazing happens. In Romans chapter eight, verse 26, the Bible tells us that the Holy Spirit pleads for us, pleads for us. I love that phrase, pleads for us with groanings that cannot be uttered. And he prays for us according to God's will when we don't know what to pray. That verse in Romans eight, 26, is not talking about the gift of tongues, but follow this. A lot of preachers use that and they say this is the gift of tongues. It's not, it's not, it's not. Romans eight, 26 is not the gift of speaking in tongues. It's the source of the gift of speaking in tongues. Think about the fact that people will travel all over the world to have a man or a woman of God lay hands on them. Think about the fact that we have people who pray for us, who love us. He pleads for us. That means he fervently prays. If you could see the Holy Spirit praying for you, you would see him face down on the floor. Tears streaming down his face. His voice would shake the room. I dare say he would be pounding his fist to the floor, pleading for you as he prays. With groanings, that means a deep, urgent groan. Something that comes from deep within his heart. If you've ever heard a mother pray for her child. If you've ever heard a father pray for his child.  He prays and he pleads fervently for you. The one who knows you like no one else can know you. Praise for you like no one else can pray for you. And he prays what? According to God's will, meaning he bends you toward God's will. He inclines you towards God's will. He works on your character and nature and like the potter shapes the clay, so the Holy Spirit's prayers shape you. That's what's happening inside. The Holy Spirit pleading with groanings that cannot be uttered. That's Romans 8, 26. Now, 1 Corinthians chapter 14 verse 14 tells us that when I pray in tongues, I'm praying in the spirit. Praying with my spirit, with my spirit, with my spirit. What does that mean? It means I'm not praying from my flesh. I'm not praying from the physical body. You know what praying from the physical body is called? Desperation. I'm gonna really come against some mindsets right now. We've created a culture of desperation in the church because we don't understand our oneness with God.  Maybe God will hear you.  Servants beg, strangers beg, sons come boldly. I don't wanna pray from the flesh. I don't wanna pray from my emotions from the body or the soul. Now, what am I saying? Is it ever wrong to dance around? No, I love watching Steve and Mark Tazuma get up here and worship. I love that Steve shouts and jumps and dances. I love that you shout and jump and dance. And the Bible says to do that. But we don't do that because we're trying to work up a connection with God. We do that because we're celebrating the fact that we've already been connected with God. Imagine how much time you'd save in prayer if instead of begging God to hear you, you simply believe that he already does. I don't pray to connect with God. I pray from connection with God. So I'm not praying from the physical body. Yelling, shouting, that's an expression of what happens on the inside. If what's happening on the inside overflows to that, let's do it. But if I'm doing that to try to get something to happen in my spirit, it's praying in the flesh. I get phone calls. I prefer texting now. It's just much easier unless I need an answer right away and then I call. But sometimes I'll get a call and I like to go visit South Orange County and I drive down there to the spectrum. If you're over there on a Thursday, you'll find me and Steve. Just drive out there and just, we meet there, we go over notes, we tape Thursday nights. So Thursdays we go to the spectrum and we just writing notes and scriptures and he works on his music and we're just talking about what we're gonna do that night for the filming. But as I go through Orange County sometimes, I go through those spots where the signal starts to drop and I'll get these phone calls from people and invariably, sometimes the calls will cut out and they just talk, sound like that. And when they start doing that, please don't tell this to anybody I know, just don't tell anybody, but I'll just hang up on them and I'll let them think the call dropped because I'm not gonna deal with the whole back and forth. But what happens is, what happens is they start yelling.  You see, they're trying to make up for what they lack in connection with volume. You know where I'm going with this. You see in my spirit is where I'm connected. Do you know why at the worship events and at the conferences they tell you to be desperate? Because it makes the worship team look good. I'm just gonna be real with you.   Do you know why churches will build a culture of desperation? Because they wanna be able to brag at the atmosphere. Because they wanna be able to point to the hype and say, look how God is moving. So they make you feel like you have to work for it. Oh, I'm preaching this thing right now, exposing religious spirits. The problem is, they're trying to make up for in the flesh what's lacking in the spirit. Because when the spirit starts moving, you don't need to force them. You don't need to coach them. You don't need to make them feel guilty for not making you look like you know how to lead a worship set. That's why I thank God for the worship ministry of Stephen.  But you see, and it's not just worship leaders, it's pastors too. Preach a whole sermon on shouting so that they can show a two minute clip of everybody's shouting and show off how wonderful they responded to their sermon. Guys, I'm exposing some real things here. See, these are things that are deep now. And the problem is it's all from the flesh. It's from the flesh. And they create that culture because they wanna create hype. They wanna create hype because they're lacking the move of God. So you're not desperate enough. You need to shout. Shame you for not responding to their gift. Oh my gosh, I can put the Bible, I can put the word away and I preach this thing. And the problem is we do it too to ourselves. We exhaust ourselves because we love that. We love to work ourselves in a frenzy. The problem is that's why you don't like to pray. You don't like to pray. You don't like to read the Word because you think that when you come, you're gonna have to work to connect with God. How discouraging is that? Jesus said when you pray, say our Father, he didn't say God, do you hear me? I imagine the conversation goes something like this. God, do you hear me? Yes, I hear you. Lord, please listen. I'm listening. God, do you see me? I see you. God, I need you. I'm here. Our pleading church, church, church. Our pleading is too loud.  Praying from the flesh. Worshiping from the flesh. Trying to create something that's not there. Instead, instead. Romans 8.26, Romans 8.26. He pleads. He prays. He pushes with groanings that cannot be uttered. First Corinthians 14, 14. When I pray in the spirit, when I pray in tongues, I'm praying in the spirit. When I pray in tongues, I'm praying with the spirit. First Corinthians 6, 17. He that is joined to the Lord is one spirit with him. What does that mean? What does that mean? It means that when I pray in tongues, the Holy Spirit is praying for me through me. The Holy Spirit is praying for me through me. Now let me be clear. Because I don't want to get you confused now. If we're up here saying, come on, shout into God with the voice of the term, that's good, shout. First saying, come on, let's dance, dance. If we say, pray in the Holy Ghost, go for it. I'm talking about the mindset that says that's needed in order to connect with God. You hear me? But when I pray in the spirit, those prayers that are taking place in my spirit come up out of the spirit, move past the soul right onto the body, and it comes out as tongues. There's a story about a little girl and my aria now. I say one, but Jess, she's how old? A year and five months. So she knows the months. Dads tell you how old they are in years, moms in weeks and months. My little girl is 15 months old right now. It's too fast, too fast. It's true. I hate cliches, but it's true. Anyway, so I wanna teach her to pray. So this story really inspired me. There was a story of a father who was teaching his little girl to pray. And each night he would kneel by her bedside with her. Say Lord, she would say Lord, bless me, bless me. They would go through it, she would repeat them. So night after night he does this, he trains his daughter. And one night he decides, I'm gonna let her pray on her own, see how she does. So he lets her go into her room, he tucks her in, he leaves and she's now saying her prayers by herself. He leans over, cups his ear and starts to listen in on her little prayers. And she's not praying, she's singing A, B, C, D, E, F, G. And I won't sing the rest, but that's what she was singing. She was singing the alphabet. He thought, okay, that's adorable, it's cute. He leaves her to it. The next night he comes back, he's walking by. Puts his ear to the door. Here's it again, A, B, C, D, E, F, G. Now he's getting concerned. I hope my daughter knows how to pray. How long should I let this continue? Am I misleading her to allow her to pray this way? So eventually he goes in. He says to the little girl, listen, sweetie, when we pray to God, we have to actually pray. She says, I am praying, dad. She says, no, no, sweetie, you're not praying. You're singing the alphabet. She says, daddy, I am praying. Says, what do you mean? She says, well, I just sing the letters to him and I let him arrange him how he wants. That's praying in tongues. When you surrender, the Holy Spirit fills. The Holy Spirit can only feel what is empty. If you're praying words that you fill with your meaning and intentions and purposes, the Holy Spirit can't fill those words with his own meaning and purposes and intentions. But when you pray in tongues, kente, robo, sende, robo, bobo, sente, rien, de boco, I'm releasing a sound and faith with nothing I'm attaching to it. Perfectly pure. Coming from my spirit. Leave it to God to hide the power of praying in tongues behind such a childlike act. Leave it to God to require such faith in order to access such power. Do you know why people don't pray in tongues? Because they don't know what it is. And I'm gonna tell you why you can't pray in tongues. You can't pray in tongues one word, ego. Now, when I say ego, I'm not just talking about pride because ego is self. People are under the impression that when the gift comes upon them that the Holy Spirit is gonna come down, grab their tongues, start moving and they're gonna start praying in tongues. It doesn't work that way. You control the gift. That's in the Bible. Read all of 1 Corinthians 14. In 1 Corinthians 14, Paul the apostle writes a whole chapter on how to control the gift of tongues. Why would he instruct them to control the gift if the gift could not be controlled? So here's really what it comes down to. You have to have the faith to speak it out.  People come up to receive the gift of tongues.  They say, oh, that's just me. I'm just repeating someone. Is that a demon I'm getting? I'm thinking a demon you're getting. I mean, if praying in tongues, let's just say we're all wrong and praying in tongues is not biblical, which it is. Let's just say it, okay? Humor, the cessationist for just a minute. To say that it's demonic?  That's an emotional expression with no words. Why wouldn't we say the same of tears? Well, you know, when you're crying, you don't really mean anything and the enemy could enter. It's nonsensical. When you're praying in tongues, what's wrong with releasing sounds and worship to God? It's like humming or crying. It's an expression with no words that you release to him. But the bottom line is this, if you want that gift to flow through you, you have to speak the syllables and sounds. I'll give you one more illustration that we're gonna pray, amen? I don't like when people drive, you know, you're on the freeway. I used to not care when I was single, I would drive and I'd see cars drive by real fast. I go, whoa, did you see that? What was that? Oh, it was a Ferrari. Oh, it was a Lamborghini. Oh, wow. Now somebody does it, I get mad. My daughter is in the car. What are you doing? But I always found it interesting that people take pride in how fast their car is. Like, we know that's not you going that speed. It's your car. Like, we don't go, wow, that guy, he's so fast. He's pushing a pedal down. He's not really doing much. I'm not that impressed. I just never understood that. Look at how fast I went. I covered that distance in a shorter amount of time. Like, that's supposed to impress us all. And I want to tell them you're not the one driving. You're not the one going that fast. You're just pushing your foot on the pedal. When you pray in tongues, it's the same thing. You're not praying in the spirit. You're just giving him the sounds. That's the gas pedal. When you do that, you start to release the sounds by faith. The Holy Ghost takes over. This message was taken from my latest book, Praying in the Holy Spirit. Order now at amazon.com. Thank you for watching EncounterTV. Don't forget to subscribe and click the notification bell. Also, help us spread the gospel of Jesus Christ in the power of the Holy Spirit. Make a one-time donation or become a monthly supporter by clicking on the donate link now.