Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sita Raman in her budget speech for the financial year 2022 sanctioned five river linking projects and Pennaar Kaveri have been finalized. Once a consensus is reached among the beneficiary states, the Centre of the Republic provides support for their implementation in parts of South Gujarat where the project could affect 50,000 to 70,000 tribal people. It would cover Dharampur, Valsad, Navsari and Dang districts of the region. Several gatherings have been held in Tappi, Dang and Valsad districts. One such meeting was held in Gandhi Nagar on March 25th when around 5,000 tribals gathered to register their discontent and demand that the project should be called off. Tribal leader Anand Patel, also MLA of Vansa was instrumental in organizing these protests. It envisaged that Gujarat would get the benefit of the Parthapi-Narmada link project through enroute irrigation from the link canal and in the drought-prone Saurashtra-Kach region. The link includes the construction of seven dams, the 395-kilometres-long canal and six powerhouses. Estimated at Rs. 10,211 crores, the Parthapi-Narmada link project is expected to irrigate 2,32,175 hectares. Okai is already existing. These dams are proposed dams. So every dam has its own proposed storage capacity. The total water will be 1330 MCM, which will be transferred the total from here to here. This water will have two types of uses. One, it will provide water in the vicinity of tribal areas. It is very beneficial to tribal areas. Then it will provide irrigation to the enroute areas. Then around 50% water will be taken away from here to here. Then finally here the water left will be used for providing water supply to Kutch area. The report of National Water Development Agency mentions that around 2,509 families would be affected and about 6,065 hectares of land area will be submerged due to the proposed reservoirs. A total of 61 villages will be affected, of which one will be fully submerged and the remaining 60 partly. It is Vankan of Dang district. Dang district has a tribal population as high as 95%. We have been running the railways since last few days. We go to the railways with hunger and thirst, but still the government is not able to give us a job. So for that we will make more progress, this is my opinion. Our caste is ours, our religion is ours, we do not believe in pox, but we will not be able to get up from this village. Because our traditions, Gods, jungles, water, land, we have come here to ask them. So we will not be able to let them go. Have you ever heard of any incident in the village, when you came to know about it? Yes, the government told us in the newspaper that Parthapir, Ringli and Yujna have to move forward. Then people got to know that this is going to be a dam. Everyone will be educated, there will be so many problems. Everyone got to know about it. That is why people started this discussion. We do not make dams. The dam has been surveyed by the government. The dam has not been surveyed by the government. That is why we have to survey it. If anyone comes to survey this village, then what is the role of a Madhu Makhi? So all the sisters you are seeing, they are all Madhu Makhi's daughters. Those who come to our village about the dam. So all the sisters you are seeing, they are Madhu Makhi's daughters. We are going to make dams so that they can go up straight. Why are you not coming? We are not going to get up. We are not going to get up. The people of the jungle and the land are not going to get up. I have been living here for 50 years. My land is my native land. My land is in Dubai. So we have to make dams here. Kilwan Dam. Our rally started in the morning on 28th February. It was our Dharampur day. We had eight rallies today. They have had a lot of meetings with our brothers. We have had the participation in all the rallies. Then our Dharampur district, Shankar Shami's advocate Mandol Bala, they also had the participation. Everyone has sent their MkHBG. They have cancelled our dam. But they have cancelled the dam due to the Calculation. But the extent to which other districts are going to get affected by this project is still not clear. The building of reservoirs is expected to improve the groundwater condition in the vicinity. As per the NWDA report, these reservoirs are to be developed as tourist spots. They're bound to increase the growth of aquatic life like fish, as it is considered productive and would replace the riverine fisheries. There will be an increase in the local and migratory birds because of the waterfronts of the reservoirs. This link has a potential to generate 102 million unit power annually installed in 21 megawatt capacity. But the beneficiaries of this generated power are not defined. It is an irrigation project which will benefit 2.3 lakh hectares of irrigation. The power is secondary and very small, say around 28 megawatt only. Nowadays, 28 megawatt does not have any significant gas. Though over the last few years, Gujarat has been successful in securing its overall energy requirements in which the contribution of hydro is negligible. Even though it is considered multipurpose, primary objective of it is to provide irrigation facilities. There are large water losses to evaporation and percolation and runoff at the tail end of the field. It's the general perception. Approximately 60% of the delivered water is stored in the top layer of the soil where crop roots can extract it for beneficial uses. There is a low consumption fraction and water productivity. The calculation for evaporation losses in DPR is very minute, 40 MCM compared to the scale. We are going to Forestland. You can check Forestland in DPR as well. It has classified it as Sparse, Jungle, Dense, Jungle Out and Medium. There are a lot of dense jungle in it. You have to say something about Carbon Sink. If you are already destroying the existing Carbon Sink, what is your commitment to climate change? The 5th area of the city, where we will talk about Gujarat, is the southern area of Gujarat. The 5th area is the southern area of Gujarat. The government has said that if you do not have any river link with TSE, then the central government or the state government will take any rules or any action. After discussing with TSE, you can directly apply it or not. For that, the government has provided a Rajapal. If Rajapal wants, it can stop that action or not apply it at all. The government can do it. The project of Narmada is indirectly an acceptance of the failure of Narmada project. You are indirectly assuming that the project from Narmada will not meet. That is why you have to give it from here. Why are the tribals protesting? The cost of land acquisition for submergence and construction of the project Components is around Rs. 545.45 crore. Which is the only detail mentioned about resettlement plans in the DPR of Parthapi Narmada link. The issue of water, our general issue is not getting solved. But where did it come from to become a big bond? We do not want this. Because we do not have the ability to drink water till now. First, we want that. If you want to make a dam, then make it small. We do not have any problem with that. We will benefit from that. But our water, our river, it is going to be collected here and taken forward. With that, our total density of the dam, 33 villages are being constructed. The process has not yet announced that where it will be constructed. We do not see it. Tell us your name and your education. I did not say anything. What is the name of your sister? She is my sister. She is my brother-in-law. She is my sister-in-law. She is my sister-in-law. She is my sister-in-law. Are you still thinking that you will say or not? No, it is not like that. You have not answered my question. Write it down. What are you going to do now? I will not tell the village. I will not tell the village but I will tell the village that you will study. First, tell us your name and your work. What is your name? Nelesbhai. I am still at home. At home? Tell us about the ups and downs. I am not at home. I am still at home. I am still at home. Do you know about the dam? I do not know but I do not want to give it to the state. I do not want to give it to the state. I also have to give it to the state. To the party. To the BJP party. You are very good. Do you think this is right? No, I do not think so. I am still at home. I am still at home. I am still at home. How much? Two hectares. Two hectares. Two hectares. According to LARR, in Schedule 5 areas of India land can be acquired only when extremely necessary when Gram Sabha is consented. Similar provisions were available for Pesaa Act, the entire extension in Scheduled areas to decentralise power from the government to Gram Sabha. In Pesaa Act, land acquisition has to be done. So in every dam, first you should provide all the details of the dam. You have to tell the entire details of the dam, the process, the funds, the benefit and all that. First you have to pay the fare, then you have to call Gram Sabha. Gram Sabha will be discussed, then Gram Sabha will give his opinion. Whether he wants it or not. It has happened in the last two years. Recently, two times in a year, 15 times in a year, Gram Sabha did not say anything. So this process has to be done. This process has not been done. Second, land acquisition act is the same. Land acquisition act has been done in the last 13 years. First, it is not preconditioned that it is absolutely necessary. So our intention is that it is not preconditioned. The project is not preconditioned, or land acquisition is the first point. Second, in Pesaa Act, in the land acquisition act, there is a provision that Gram Sabha, the affected areas of Gram Sabha will be informed. So it is not preconditioned. So we have to do this. Later on, Gram Sabha will be informed. Gram Sabha will be informed. Gram Sabha will be informed. Gram Sabha will be informed. Tribals fear that they will lose their land and houses. Most of them live off the land either via farming or fishing.  With the upcoming assembly elections in mind, the project has been put on hold. But the central government is not giving in to the demands of the project altogether.


Good evening aspirants. Welcome to the Hindi news analysis by Shankar Ayes academy for the date 10th August 2019. These are the articles that has been chosen for today's analysis. It has been given along with the page numbers from different Hindu editions belonging to the cities of Chennai, Bengaluru, Delhi and Tirunandhapura Medicines. The link for the handwritten notes in the PDF format and the time stamping for the displayed articles is given in the description box below. And for the benefit of smartphone users, it is also provided in the comments section. Let's move on to the first article analysis. This article is about the measure taken by the Rajasthan state government on mob lynching and honor killing. The syllabus with which the discussion can be linked has been highlighted here for your reference. First, before going into the article discussion, let us know or understand what is mob lynching and what is honor killing. Mob lynching can be defined as an extrajudicial killing of a person by a mob or by a group of people. It is called as extrajudicial because it does not involve a fair trial. Then honor killing is killing a member of the family, especially a girl or woman, because the murderer believes that the member of the family has brought dishonor to the family or the member of the family has violated community principles or religious principles. These two crimes have emerged as preponderant or widely prevalent social evils throughout India.  Here hate crimes are the crimes that are carried out because of prejudices or hate towards a person or group on the basis of their religion, race, etc. Now according to the author of this editorial, in the country we are witnessing vigilante mobs that are carrying out crimes in the name of cow protection, prevention of sale of beef or transport of cattle. Here vigilante groups are self appointed groups which takes law enforcement into their hands without legal authority. Now along with this, there are also incidents of murderous attacks on young couples in the name of preserving presumed family or community honor are also increasing in the country. Now considering these, it is important to note that the Rajasthan government has passed a Rajasthan protection from lynching bill of 2019. With this legislation, Rajasthan has become the second state after Manipur to pass legislation in this regard. Actually in the year 2018, the Supreme Court focused on the cases of mob lynching. The Supreme Court said that the rising intolerance and growing polarization in the society must be curbed or controlled. Here polarization means the people are divided into group having different opinions or beliefs. The Supreme Court actually meant that the rising intolerance and group formation against those who sell or those who eat beef should be controlled because these groups are the ones that indulge in mob lynching. Then the Supreme Court requested the states to pass law to criminalize mob lynching. This is to instill a sense of fear among the perpetrators. Now based on this direction only, Rajasthan government was forced to pass an anti-lynching law. But there is one another important reason to pass this law. According to the Minister of State of Parliamentary Affairs, 86% of mob lynching incidents that are reported in India after 2014 were in the state of Rajasthan. That is why Rajasthan government was forced to pass an anti-lynching law. So now let us discuss some of the important provisions of the bill. This bill covers any act of violence by a mob on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, language, dietary practices, sexual orientation, political affiliation or ethnicity. Now these acts of violence can be spontaneous or they can even be planned.  Hence, this is a progressive law that covers a wide range of aspects of mob lynching. The bill says that when the mob attacks result in death of a person, it is punishable with life imprisonment and fine of up to 5 lakh rupees. The bill also provides for appointment of a nodal officer to prevent lynching and for the districts the police chiefs should act as a coordinator. Then the bill also deals with compensation to victims and rehabilitation measures to those who were displaced because these are the persons who were displaced to other place due to a hate crime. Then the Rajasthan government has also passed one another bill. It is the prohibition of interference with the freedom of matrimonial alliances in the name of honor and tradition Bill of 2019. Now from the name of this bill itself you can say what the bill is actually talking about. This bill provides for life imprisonment or death penalty for murdering couples in the name of family honor. According to the author this bill aims at khap panchayats which interdict or ban intercast marriages. Here a khap panchayat is a union of few villages that exist mainly in the North India. These khap panchayats have emerged as quasi-judicial bodies. They pronounce harsh punishments based on age old customs and traditions. Now based on this bill the author is doubtful that whether the courts will look at such family honor murders as the rarest of the rare cases because the bill provides death penalty also for the family honor murders. But the courts sentence with death when it is the rarest of the rare case. So the author is not sure whether the court will see a family honor murder as a rarest of the rare case to warrant death penalty. Now these two bills are progressive and they are very much necessary at this time as there is a rise in hate crimes in our society. These crimes are on the rise though at varying degrees all over India. So other states must look at these two bills as benchmark decisions to curb hate crimes and they should also implement similar laws. With this we have come to the end of this article discussion. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. This article is about the rotavirus vaccine. The syllabus with which the discussion can be linked has been given here for your reference. The news article says that ministry of health and family welfare has decided to provide rotavirus vaccine to every child across all states and union territories and that too by September 2019. This decision has been taken as an ambitious plan under the 100 days agenda of the newly elected government. This decision was stated by the union minister of health and family welfare while speaking about the expansion of rotavirus vaccine to the entire country. He added that the government is committed to ending morbidity and mortality in children due to diarrhea by 2022. Here morbidity is the condition of being diseased and mortality is the death of the child. So to end this by 2022 strengthening the routine immunization is an essential investment and it will also ensure a healthy future of the country. Here immunization is the process by which a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease by the administration of a vaccine. Vaccines are substances that stimulate body's own immune system. This protects the person against an infection or disease. Now this decision is important because diarrhea is one of the biggest costs of death in children and rotavirus is the one of the most common causes of severe diarrhea in children who are less than two years of age. The union health minister further added that the government is also committed to increasing the full immunization coverage and for ensuring that the benefit of the life saving vaccines is provided to every child. He also added that no child in the country should die from vaccine preventable diseases. So the expansion of the rotavirus vaccine under the universal immunization program is a step in that direction. Now let us see the immunization program in India. The immunization program in India was introduced in 1978 as the expanded program of immunization that is EPI. It was introduced by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of Government of India. Then in the year 1985 the program was modified as universal immunization program or in short UIP. This UIP was implemented in a phased manner to cover all the districts in the country by the year 1989 to 1990. It was one of the largest health program in the world. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare provides several vaccines to infants, children and pregnant women through the universal immunization program. Then in the year 1992 UIP became a part of child survival and safe motherhood program. Then since 1997 the immunization activities have been an important component of national reproductive and child health program also. It is currently one of the key areas under national rural health mission. So under the universal immunization program the government of India is providing vaccination to prevent many vaccine preventable diseases such as diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, measles, then severe form of childhood tuberculosis and hepatitis B, then diarrhea also. So now based on the government's decision it becomes important to know about the rotavirus and rotavirus vaccine. The rotaviruses are classified as a genus in the family of rheoviridae. Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus. It is the most common organism that causes severe diarrhea and death among children under the age of 5. This is because the rotaviruses infect nearly every child by the age of 3 to 5 years. They are globally the leading cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children who are aged less than 5 years. According to World Health Organization in the low income countries the median age at which the primary rotavirus infection occurs is from 6 months to 9 months and also 80 percent of the disease occurs among infants who are less than 1 year old. But if we consider high income countries according to WHO the first episode of the rotavirus infection can be occasionally delayed and it occurs at the age of 2 to 5 years only. But still majority of the infection still occurs in infancy. As about 65 percent of the infection occurs among infants who are less than 1 year old. Then according to UNICEF Global Database of 2018, diarrhea as the cause for child mortality or diarrhea as the cause for the death of the children in India is 9.2 percentage. Also in India every year 37 out of every 1000 children born are unable to celebrate their 5th birthday that is they die before the age of 5 and one of the major reasons for this is diarrhea deaths. It is estimated that rotavirus cause around 8,72,000 hospitalizations and it also causes around 32,70,000 outpatient visits and around 78,000 deaths occur annually in India due to this rotavirus. So, how this rotavirus is actually transmitted to humans? The WHO position paper on rotavirus of 2013 states that the transmission of this virus occurs primarily by the fecal oral route. Fecal oral transmission means the germs that cause illness are found in the stool or feces of an infected person and they are spread to another person. This occurs when a person touches the stool of an infected person or when a person touches an object that is contaminated with the stool of an infected person and that person gets ingested with the germs. This is because an object or surface can appear clean but it can still have germs that can cause illness. A disease that is spread by the fecal oral route can be transmitted from person to person or even through food or even through water. This can happen when a person fails to wash their hands properly after using the bathroom and even when they handle food that is eaten by others or when there is a feces contaminated water supply. So, rotavirus can transmit directly from person to person or also indirectly via contaminated fomites that is the objects or materials which are likely to carry infections such as clothes, utensils and furnitures. This rotavirus infection affects primarily the small intestinal villi. Villi are the small finger-like projections that are present in the small intestine. This villi absorb food that is digested. This infection reduces the absorptive capacity of the villi which results in diarrhea. Then the incubation period of this rotavirus diarrhea is 1 to 3 days. The symptoms of this disease are sudden onset of watery stools which is often accompanied by fever and vomiting. Sometimes there may be abdominal pain also. The diarrhea and the associated symptoms may last 3 to 7 days. If it is not treated then it may result in dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, shock and finally it will lead to death. This rotavirus diarrhea actually presents in similar manner like any other diarrhea but it can mainly be prevented through rotavirus vaccination. Other diarrhea can be prevented through gentle measures like good hygiene, frequent hand washing, safe water and safe food consumption, exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation etc. So that is why providing immunization to this rotavirus disease is very important. Hence for protecting rotavirus there is a rotavirus vaccination or it is in short called as RVV. It gives protection to infants and children against the rotavirus diarrhea. There are 4 oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccines that are available internationally and these vaccines are WHO pre-qualified. Here attenuated means the force of the vaccine virus is reduced. The 4 vaccines are Rotarix, Rotartek, Rotavac and Rotaseal. All 4 vaccines are considered as highly effective in preventing severe gastrointestinal disease and you can remember these vaccines as all of them start with rota. So you can easily say if a vaccine starts with rota then it is a rotavirus vaccine. So keeping in view the burden of disease which can be prevented through vaccination, the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization that is NTAGI recommended the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the universal immunization program. So under this three doses of rotavirus vaccine are provided free of cost and they are provided along with other vaccines under the UIP. They are given at six weeks or at one and a half month of the age of child then they are given at 10 weeks or two and a half month of age of child and then they are given at 14 weeks or three and a half month of age of child. Now in India the rotavirus vaccine was actually introduced in the year 2016 in a phased manner. It started with four states initially and later it was expanded to seven more states. So by the end of 2018 in 11 states the rotavirus vaccine was available. At present the vaccine has been further expanded to 17 more states till now. So rotavirus vaccine is now available in 28 states and union territories. Now based on the recent decision by the Government of India by September 2019 the vaccine will be available in all the states and union territories. With this we have come to the end of this article discussion. This practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next article discussion which is about article 371F and Gorka land issue. The syllabus which is given here can be linked to this discussion. Now we have been discussing since 6th August regarding article 370. Article 370 dealt with the special provisions regarding the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Now the special provisions of article 370 have been amended by a presidential constitutional order. Now remember that article 370 still exists and as per the amendment and as per the Jammu and Kashmir reorganization act of 2019 the state of Jammu and Kashmir has been bifurcated into the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the union territory of Ladakh. Now this news article states that the chief minister of Sikkim has welcomed the amendment of article 370. The chief minister has also assured the people of Sikkim that the central government will not interfere with article 371F. The news article also states that the union home minister has assured in the parliament that the special provisions for certain other states of India will continue. So now what is this article 371F? Article 371F is a special provision which is introduced in the constitution of India for the state of Sikkim. Now know that Sikkim was ruled by the Namge dynasty since 1642. The Namge dynasty ruled over Sikkim as hereditary kings for about 332 years. The title which was given to the kings was Chogyal or the heavenly king or the king who rules with righteousness. Now they followed Buddhism when India became independent a treaty was signed between India and Sikkim. According to this treaty Sikkim was recognized as a protectorate with Chogyal as the monarch. Here protectorate means a state that is protected or controlled by another state. So here as per the treaty Sikkim would be protected by India but due to the political unrest in Sikkim Sikkim became a full pledged state of Indian union on 16th May 1975. So the institution of Chogyal or the monarchy was abolished and Sikkim became like any other state of India after an agreement between the union of India, the king of Sikkim and the political parties in the state of Sikkim. Now the article 371f was inserted into the constitution of India as per the Constitutional Amendment Act of 1975. Now here know that this article 371f deals with the special provisions relating to the state of Sikkim. This article was inserted mainly to ensure the special needs and circumstances of Sikkim. As per article 371f Sikkim's legislative assembly will consist of not less than 30 members and one seat will be allotted for Sikkim in Lok Sabha and Rajesh Sabha. Now after the Kashmir issue the chief minister of Sikkim has assured that the central government will not interfere and the central government will not amend article 371f. Now this news article also mentions about Gorka land. The chief minister of Sikkim has said that the central government has to decide on recognition of Gorka land as a union territory. If you see the political parties in this area have been demanding to recognize Gorka land as a separate union territory. If you see in this picture the political organizations from the Darjeeling district, Kalimpong district and the Thessals or the Taluk that lie south to the Bhutan like Pashi Deva, Kodibari, Siligudi, Matigara are fighting for Gorka land. The Nepali speaking Gorka people live in majority in these areas and the political party named Gorka Janmukti Morcha has a huge political influence in this area. They had been demanding for statehood for a long time. But after the bifurcation of Jammu and Kashmir into the union territory of JNK and union territory of Ladakh, the political parties of Gorka land especially Gorka Janmukti Morcha are now protesting to recognize Gorka land as a union territory. They have been protesting on the context that they are forced to learn Bengali. After a lot of internal violence negotiations happened between the center, state and the former political party which is named as Gorka National Liberation Front. As a result of this Darjeeling Gorka Hill Council that is DGHC was formed in the year 1988. This hill council had autonomy that is self-rule over 19 functional areas which was devolved or transferred from the state list. This was replaced by the Gorka land territorial administration that was constituted in the year 2012 under the Gorka land territorial administration act of 2011 and this act was constituted by the state government of West Bengal. However still there is a demand for separate union territory for Gorka land. Now in this news article the chief minister of Sikkim has also said that there is no question of merging Gorka land with the state of Sikkim. With this we have come to the end of this article discussion. The split practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next article discussion which is about common service centers. The syllabus that has been given here can be linked with the discussion. This article talks about common service centers target of building one lakh electric vehicles charging stations in India in the few years. In India majority of vehicles at present are using internal combustion engine. India is planning to move on to electric vehicles in the near future. Now this is to decrease our dependency on fossil fuel and to reduce global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the vehicles. In this context the common service centers or CSCs plan to open one lakh charging stations for electric vehicles across the country in the next few years. CSCs are to deliver various e-government services to the village people and it comes under the ministry of electronics and information technology. According to the CSE governance office the plan is to open one lakh charging stations in the country. This is to be done by the time when at least 30% of the vehicles in the country are electric vehicles. This will benefit the village level entrepreneurs or VLEs. Village level entrepreneurs ensure effective delivery of e-government services to the people through the CSC. The CSC has already started a pilot project in Delhi and they are going to start pilot projects in other states also. Here a pilot project is a small scale preliminary project. The pilot project analyzes the pros and cons or advantages and disadvantages of that particular project before going for the large scale projects. Now initially these charging stations will have facility to charge both lead acid battery and lithium ion battery. The lead acid battery and lithium ion batteries are the two rechargeable batteries that are used in electric vehicles. The lead acid batteries are cheap in price as compared to the lithium ion battery whereas the lithium ion batteries are more efficient and it requires less maintenance. But still the lead acid batteries are used more because they are cheap. So a transition or switching to the more efficient lithium ion battery will take time. Hence the charging station should provide facility to charge both these batteries for the time being. Now this CSC has tied up with the technology giant Siemens. This type is for building the charging infrastructures. The price for each charging station is expected to be in the range of Rs 70,000 to Rs 3 lakh. If you see CSC is not going for a uniform model throughout India. They will have different business models. This depends upon the demand and consumer behavior. They are also planning to provide a battery swapping model. It means CSCs will provide facilities and it will help people to switch from the lead acid batteries to lithium ion batteries. Now let us discuss some important fact related to this topic like what is CSC and CSCE governance. CSC or a common service center program is under the ministry of electronics and information technology. The CSCs offer e-governance services such as bill payments, filling up of forms and submission of forms etc. Now these CSCs are not just for service delivery. They also promote rural entrepreneurship and they improve rural livelihoods. CSCs contribute to build a digitally inclusive society. The village level entrepreneurs ensures effective delivery of service through CSC. Now the CSCE governance services in India is a special purpose vehicle the special purpose vehicle is set up under the ministry of electronics and information technology. Now a special purpose vehicle is usually created to achieve small or specific objectives. For example, the special purpose vehicle or SPV that is created for the implementation of smart city mission. Now also know that the CSC has been incorporated under the company's act of 1956. Its objective is to oversee the CSC schemes and to enable access to information technology in rural areas. Whether we have come to the end of this article discussion, the practice question displayed here will be discussed in the last session. This next discussion is with respect to this picture. The picture depicts a traditional dance performed by the tribals. This traditional dance was performed on the occasion of World Adivasi Day in the Kammam district of Telangana. The World Adivasi Day is also known as International Day of World's Indigenous Peoples. So what do we actually mean by the term Indigenous? According to UN, no official definition of Indigenous has been adopted by any UN system body. Instead they have developed a modern understanding of this term based on the following such as if the people have self-identified them as Indigenous peoples at the individual level and if they have a historical continuity with pre-colonial and or pre-secular societies and having a strong link to territory's natural resource and if the people have distinct social, economic or political systems and if they have distinct language, culture and beliefs then if they form a non-dominant groups of society and then finally if they resolve to maintain and reproduce their ancestral environments and systems as distinctive peoples and communities. Now these are the understandings based on which the people or the group of people are identified as Indigenous people. The term Indigenous has prevailed as a common term for many years but in some countries other terms are also preferred including tribes, first peoples or first nations, aboriginals, ethnic groups, adivasi and janjati. So now why is it so important to celebrate a day for Indigenous people? This is because according to United Nations there are an estimated 370 million Indigenous people in the world. They are living across 90 countries. They make up less than 5 percent of world's population but they account for 15 percent of the poorest people. The most interesting and important fact is that they speak an overwhelming or enormous majority of the world's estimated 7,000 language and they represent 5,000 different cultures. Indigenous peoples are inheritors and practitioners of unique cultures and they are practitioners of ways of relating to people and the environment. They have retained social, cultural, economic and political characteristics that are distinct from those of the dominant societies in which they live. Despite their cultural differences, Indigenous peoples from around the world share common problems related to the protection of their rights as distinct peoples. Indigenous peoples have sought recognition of their identities, recognition of their way of life and their right to traditional lands, territories and natural resources for many years. Yet throughout history, their rights have always been violated. Today Indigenous peoples are among the most disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of people in the world. The international community now recognizes that special measures are required to protect their rights and to maintain their distinct cultures and way of life. In order to raise awareness of the needs of these population groups, every 9th August is celebrated as the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples. In December 1994, the United Nations General Assembly decided that the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples shall be observed on 9th August every year. This day was chosen in recognition of the first meeting of the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations that was held in Geneva in the year 1982. This year's observance is dedicated to Indigenous peoples' languages. So, the theme for the year 2019 is Indigenous Languages. Now, this theme is in the view of 2019 which is being marked as the International Year of Indigenous Languages. This was declared by the United Nations in order to raise awareness of the Indigenous Languages. So, remember 2019 is the International Year of Indigenous Languages. This is because large majority of the languages which are in danger are spoken by Indigenous people. According to UN, it is estimated that every 2 weeks an Indigenous language disappears. This places the respective Indigenous cultures and knowledge systems at risk. That is why on the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, the goal is to draw attention to the critical loss of Indigenous languages and the urgent need to preserve, revitalize and promote those languages at national and international levels. The Indigenous languages in particular are a significant factor in a wide range of other Indigenous issues also such as education, scientific and technological development, biosphere and the environment, freedom of expression, employment and social inclusion. If the language is not known, then reaching the Indigenous people is very difficult. That is why preserving the Indigenous people and their culture and language is very important. Now, also know that in the year 1990, the UN General Assembly proclaimed 1993 as the International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. So, 2019 is the International Year of Indigenous Languages. 1993 was the International Year of the World's Indigenous Peoples. Then also the General Assembly established two international decades of the World's Indigenous Peoples. The first is from 1995 to 2004 and the second decade is from 2005 to 2014. This was done with the goal of strengthening international cooperation for solving problems that are faced by the Indigenous peoples. The problems faced by them in areas such as human rights, the environment, development, education, health, economic and social development should be solved. That was the goal of UN's proclamations. With this, we have come to the end of this article discussion. This is the last article that has been taken up for discussion. It is about reporate and transmission of reporates. The syllabus with which the discussion can be linked has been given here for your reference. The commercial banks in India need capital to give for lending activity. One way of getting the capital is from the Reserve Bank of India, which is the central bank of India. The Reserve Bank of India provides money to the banks overnight. So, reporate is the interest rate at which the RBI gives money or loans to the commercial banks. For getting the loans, banks will have to keep security with the RBI. So, reporate can also be defined as the rate at which banks will buy back or repurchase the securities from the RBI at a later stage. Usually, the securities are the government securities. Reporate is one of the instrument of the monetary policy of the Reserve Bank of India. The monetary policy committee decides the reporates on a periodic basis. This monetary policy committee consists of six members and the governor of RBI heads the monetary policy committee. He is also the ex-officio chairperson of the monetary policy committee. Here, ex-officio means by virtue of one's position. In this case, since a person is the governor of RBI by the virtue of this position, he becomes the chairperson of monetary policy committee. Now, also know that as per Reserve Bank of India Act of 1934, the monetary policy committee must meet at least four times in a year. The current practice is that the monetary policy committee meets at least once in two months. In the news article, it is generally mentioned that RBI has changed the policy rates or the reporate, but it is actually the monetary policy committee which changes the policy rate. So, remember this from the examination point of view. Now, the banks lend the money to the businesses or individuals. The interest rates at which the banks lend money to the borrowers varies from one bank to another. And whenever there is an adjustment that is made in the reporates by the monetary policy committee, the commercial banks must ideally reduce or increase their lending rates. This is called as the transmission of the rate. So, the current practice is that it is the discretion of the commercial banks to pass on the benefits of the reporate cuts or the reporate increase. Whenever there is a reporate cut, it means that the banks are on the profit side because they will be able to get more money at less interest rates. But sometimes, certain banks will not decrease the lending rates on their side immediately when the monetary policy committee has reduced the reporates. It means that the transmission of the rate cuts is improper. This is because it is the discretion or the choice of the commercial banks to pass on the rate cut benefits to the borrowers. Now, the news article discusses that certain public sector banks have started to link their retail loan rates, that is the lending rates with the reporates that is decided by the Monetary Policy Committee of RBI. This means that if the RBI of India changes the reporate, then the retail loan rates or the lending rates of the commercial banks will change automatically. This news article states that four public sector banks have said they have either linked the lending rate to reporate or they are in the process of linking the lending rate to the reporate. The four public sector banks are Bank of India, Syndicate Bank, Alhabad Bank and Union Bank. The main advantage of linking the reporates with the lending rates is that faster transmission of rate adjustment happens. So, when the reporate is cut, immediately the lending rates are also reduced. When the lending rates are reduced, the borrowers will think of borrowing more money since the interest rates are loaned out. So, where there is more liquidity or more money, the business activities will grow and overall the economy will grow. But if the transmission of rates happens at a slower pace, then the economy is likely to grow slowly as more money will be concentrated in the banks and the borrowers will not be in a position to borrow money due to higher interest rates. But when the reporates are cut and when there is a faster transmission of rates, then the depositors are likely to be affected since they will get low returns on the money that they have deposited. It is because the interest rates for the deposits will also be reduced automatically now. The other solution is that whenever there is a hike in the reporate and when there is a faster transmission of rates, the depositor will benefit and the borrowers will suffer. Now, this news article also speaks about MCLR. MCLR is nothing but the marginal cost of funds based lending rate. The MCLR is an internal benchmark rate or internal reference rate for the bank. MCLR refers to the minimum interest rate of a bank below which it cannot lend except in some cases that is allowed by RBI. There are different types of MCLR which is specified by RBI such as overnight MCLR, one month MCLR, three month MCLR, six month MCLR and one year MCLR. This news article tells that many public sector banks have reduced their MCLR rates as soon as the reporate was reduced by the monetary policy committee. Now, remember that on 7th August, the monetary policy committee reduced the reporates by 35 BPS from 5.75 percent to 5.40 percent. So, the present reporate is 5.40 percentage. Now, you need not go through the entire rates that have been mentioned in the news article. From this news article, just try to know what is meant by reporate, transmission of rates, how reporate cut and transmission of rate influence the decision making of the banks and what is meant by MCLR. With this, we have come to the end of article discussion sessions. This practice question will be discussed in the next session. We have come to the last session for the day that is the practice questions discussion session. If you look at the first question, it is based on rotavirus disease. Three statements have been given and we have to choose the incorrect statement. Now, if you see the first statement, it states it is a zoonotic disease caused by the cattle. Now, this statement is wrong because rotavirus is not caused by animals. It is transmitted through the fecal oral transmission. It means that the germs that can cause illness are found in these stool or feces of an infected person and they are spread to another person. So, this statement is wrong. Now, the second statement states it is the most common organism that causes severe diarrhea and death among the children under the age of 5. Now, this statement is correct. We discussed this during our analysis. So, this statement is correct. Now, the third statement states rotavirus vaccine is a part of universal immunization program. Now, our today's discussion was totally based on this line only. Yes, it is a part of universal immunization program and this program comes under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and under this program, the vaccines are given free of cost. Under this program, three doses of the vaccine are given to the children who are at the age of six weeks, 10 weeks and 14 weeks. So, this statement is also correct. The question asks for the incorrect statement. Here, statement one is the incorrect statement. So, the correct answer to this question is option A, one only. Now, this next question is based on article 371f. The first statement states this article contains special provisions with respect to the state of Sikkim only. Now, this statement is correct. During our discussion, we saw that article 371f was inserted into the constitution as per the 36th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1975. And this article contains special provisions with respect to only the state of Sikkim. So, this statement is correct. Now, the second statement states according to this article, the legislative assembly of the state of Sikkim shall consist of not less than 30 members. Now, this statement is also correct because as per the clause A of article 371f, the legislative assembly of the state of Sikkim shall consist of not less than 30 members. So, this statement is correct and the statement one is also correct. So, the correct answer to this question is option C both one and two. Now, this next question is based on common service centers. Three statements have been given. We have to choose the correct statement. Now, in this the first statement is correct because during our discussion, we saw that common service centers promotes rural entrepreneurship and they also improve rural livelihood. So, this statement is correct. Now, if you look at the second statement, it states it is under ministry of rural development. Now, after seeing the first statement, you will think this program comes under ministry of rural development, but it is wrong. This program comes under the ministry of electronics and information technology because CSC offers e-governance services such as bill payments, filling up of forms and submission of forms etc. That is why it comes under ministry of electronics and information technology. So, this statement is wrong. Now, if you look at the third statement, it states CSC e-governance is a special purpose vehicle registered under the Companies Act of 1956. Now, this statement is also correct. We discussed this during our analysis. So, the question asks for the correct statements. Here statement one and three are correct. The final correct answer to this question is option B one and three only or you can approach this question in a different method also. Now, after seeing that statement two is wrong, if you see the options given below option A, C and D, all the three have statement two as options. So, you can simply eliminate all these three and you can arrive at the final answer of option B one and three only. In this next question, we have to choose the incorrect statement from the four given statements. Now, the first statement states faster transmission of repo rate cuts by the banks will benefit the borrowers and like that four statements have been given. Now, during our discussion, we saw that whenever repo rates are cut, the borrowers will be benefited since the interest rates will be low and the borrowers will be able to borrow more money from the bank and whenever there is an improper transmission of rates that is when the banks are not passing on the rate cut benefits to the borrowers, it will affect the borrowers and at the same time it will benefit the depositors because the rates will be considerably high and so the returns will be high for the depositors. So, based on this, you can say that statement A, B and C are conceptually correct. Now, whenever there is a repo rate cut, it generally affects the depositors only because the interest rates will be low and so the returns from the money deposited by the depositors will also reduce. So, it affects them and it will not benefit them and with this, if there is a faster transmission of rate cut, then the depositors will be affected immediately and they will not be benefited. So, the correct answer to this question is option D because it states that faster transmission of repo rate cut by the banks will benefit the depositors but conceptually, it will not benefit them, it will affect them. Now, finally, let us see one main question based on GS paper 2. The question is India has been witnessing rising intolerance and polarization in the form of hate crimes like honour killings, cow vigilantism, mob lynching, etc. In the light of the above statement, suggest suitable measures to deal with such crimes effectively. Now, for answering this question, first you have to define hate crimes. Hate crimes are the crimes which are carried out because of prejudice or hate towards a person or group on the basis of their religion, race, etc. Then you have to give examples such as mob lynching, cow vigilance, honour killing, etc as the example for hate crimes. Then you can also quote the 2018 Supreme Court statement. The Supreme Court said that rising intolerance and growing polarization in the society must be curved. The Supreme Court also requested the states to pass law to criminalize it and instill a sense of fear among the perpetrators. You can also say that our prime minister is also criticizing cow vigilantism. Then you can mention some of the measures which were taken by states such as the laws passed by the states of Manipur and Rajasthan. For this, you can take our today's discussion which was totally based on Rajasthan's bill for curbing, mob lynching and honour killing. Then you can say how these laws will help to curb the hate crimes. You can say that it prevents hate crimes, it makes society more tolerant, it prevents social polarization, it maintains social fabric that is unity in diversity and you can say it allays fear of minorities. It is a progressive step for the modern India. With this, we have come to the end of today's Hindu news analysis. If you like the video, don't forget to like, comment and share and do subscribe to Shankar IA's Academy YouTube channel for more updates related to civil service examination preparation.


Mike you've been here since the weekend a lot going on for you with the competition committee What came out of all that that you were pleased with that you'll take to the owners meetings at the end of March? Well still have another day. I think or at least some conversations that we'll go into potentially tomorrow Really just want to try to get some clarifications Just so that our fans and everybody understands we're trying to make the officiating as consistent as possible right now There's there's a range and and we feel like that there should be a tighter target area between groups of officials right a group or official 1 to 17 those Crews should be a little tighter than what they're what their pattern is and how everybody sees it and hopefully sees it the same So we're trying to try to do that trying to clean up what replay assist looks like But there's so much more as it's player safety and welfare and trying to take these helmet impacts and contacts and try to To get them down and always try to to get them down and continue to figure out and read and decide what's What's realistic and what's what's best for the game? What's best for the players? The technology of football the future of football international program You know, so there's a lot just more than than what goes on on the three hours on Sunday How much do those conversations having them now during the off-season get your brain churning for things? Maybe you might want to tweak within your own system. Well, I think you're always looking to do things within the rules But also to try to gain and whatever advantage that you possibly could whether that's Formationally, there's you know, a lot of conversation about the Push on the quarterback sneak and you know where our tolerances is for that play and what we think that that may you know look like or Just how we want to try to tackle the quarterback, I think that you know I think Mike Tomlin put it fast. We're always telling them what they can't do We need to tell them what they can do and try to give great examples of that so that we can reasonably teach it because It's hard to be in a position where you say well, I don't know when a player asked well coach What should I be able to do or what can I do here? I don't ever want to be in a position where I say I don't know Coach use is the second time around the block for you on the competition committee So is there something in the second lap around that maybe you didn't think about in year one? Or is it a year-to-year base is big based on things that happen to you situationally in games I think it's just You know, I never want to Be a part of a group or add input if it just applies to the Tennessee Titans I don't want that. I want to try to have an open mind and think about what's best for 32 clubs What's best for every player and every fan and not just say well we had this happen to us So we should you know they talking about the tablets our tablets went down on the sideline in Washington and How the rule was written in the game manual was that Unless both the coaches box and the and the field tablets were out then Washington would still be able to use theirs Didn't think much of it at the time just said hey, we'll adjust we'll figure it out We'll make it work like this is what it is But you look at it and you know that came up and we said well That probably makes a little bit more sense just to say They don't one side doesn't have field tablets for a quarter Well, then we should at least take the other ones until those are back up and running So, you know, that was a case where something applied to us. I didn't even think about it until the game ops crew I said, oh, yeah, I guess that they did go out in Washington But it was like well, we're just keep it moving and just things like that I was watching the Super Bowl and I had one question that I had to ask you and that is You have talked about and you've corrected me multiple times Especially in the preseason when I talk about points of emphasis. You said there should not be points of emphasis We should call the rulebook When the play happened late in the game on the hold and there was controversy From the start with television raising the point that oh, you shouldn't call that at this point in the game You should let them play. It's hard to see it in that way more or less is what the comment was In your mind based on your feeling about we should call the rulebook I don't think it should matter what the down and distance. So you think it was absolutely the right call I just am telling you that whether I agree or disagree with the call I'm telling you that there's only one way to Officiate and that's to make sure that it is what the rules are and if it's on the one-yard line or at midfield Or if it's first and ten or third and one or fourth and one or there's two minutes left in the game or there's 13 minutes left in the first quarter I just feel like that that's the only way to get those men and women to do their job and feel confident in officiating and and taking out The the interpretation well, do they want me to know this is what they want you to do and if you see the mechanisms you see the restriction and You feel strongly about it then then throw the flag like that that's the only way that you can Ultimately get to where we've started this conversation Was that to narrow the gap between the ones that are called and the ones that want or that aren't or the ones that were Called and we didn't want call like that's what there's two different types of you know The grading scale is the calls that were missed or the ones that were no calls that we want called Or the ones that were called then we would rather let go so Two things can be true. It's disappointing that that play had such an impact And yet it was a foul and it had to be called that those both can be true that it's an Unfortunate time to create a penalty where a jerseys tugged their quarterbacks looking at that vicinity Not that that's part of the role, but you know, I mean there's certainly a lot of things that go into it So that I don't think you can officiate Based on other circumstances You mentioned player safety and there's been talk about expanding use of the Guardian caps After one year a full season of using them throughout training camp using them throughout the course of the season What did you think of them? What was the response from your players? Do you think that was an effective tool? I do I think the numbers would tell us that it was The the number of concussions that we had in training camp. I don't want to say zero, but I think it was pretty darn close And and there was no pushback. I think initially They may be questioned it but but in the long run When I said hey, just put them back on for practice like this is what we're gonna do No, no player questioned it. No player You know, I think that that's important that we're looking out for their best interest You know, sometimes you you relax in practice and it's it's You know something that happens and you catch a hit from the side where you really weren't expecting it and That can protect that and that's a significant amount of impact when you talk about reducing it 15 to 20 percent If both players have a guardian cap on I mean, I think the biggest Restriction was just the equipment room and their ability to have to take them off and put them back on So I want to thank Joey His staff For working hard to get those off for the games and for us to travel, you know, and then putting them back on I think that'll be easier in the new model. It sounds like that's something that's gonna change and help the process This week is one of the better parts for you being able to sit down in front of these young men It kind of peek behind the curtain see who they are Well, it's the first opportunity sometimes. Maybe we've had some exposure with them at senior bowl But but it's it's 18 minutes or 15 minutes in an informal setting For them to earn another opportunity in my mind To really peak my interest for me to follow up and you know, haven't been able to watch every single player So this is an opportunity to give me reason to go watch Whatever player that maybe man, I really enjoyed that visit and could see him being on the football team Let's see what type of player he is and and start to build the profile. So that that's critical We got that started last night. We'll have those again tonight tomorrow morning But that way, you know, we're off to a good start. You're doing that with a new partner. Yeah, in rank in rank Arthur How has that relationship built over the last five weeks six weeks? I think it's built been built great We haven't had a whole lot of you know, we worked through some some things with some contracts But I think as we start to to blend our staffs and to try to get those Two staffs to kind of understand and work together Excited about that that started and been going on here at the combine. We'll work through free agency Continue to work and look at the roster and how we want to Shape this thing. I know when that it it'll look vastly different In training camp or in September than it does today Understand that But it's it's been good. It's been really good just to You know a couple new faces with him and Chad and so that's been really good to kind of hear their perspective and Start to work some new faces within your coaching staff as well And some people kind of changed around with some different roles and responsibilities How do you take this week to kind of understand what it is that they're looking for in players in terms of people who will be in Their individual rooms and kind of their styles and preferences. Yeah, I want their Their preferences to be our preferences and I and I you know appreciate their own opinions As does ran But there has to be a structure where you're starting and about the type of player that we're looking for and Who they are as a person what their play style is what their ability is Their their willingness to their capacity to learn not only that but their willingness to learn how hard they work at it And so we've we've started that we've done that and had conversations about that back at St. Thomas Sports Park Had got to sit down with You know probably four position coaches last night for a for an hour and 50 minutes in an informal setting We went through a lot of front seven players that we were able to get downstairs In an informal setting and it was really cool to be a part of that to watch them work and You know bringing guys through my Bobby was meeting with the D. Lyman Just because big T was meeting with somebody else and crow was meeting with an inside linebacker because Bobby was meeting with an inside linebacker and I Really really was impressed by by what they were able to do last night That was their only opportunity the way that the combine set up That was their only opportunity for those front seven players to meet informally with coaches And I don't know if that was an oversight or just a scheduling But every other position group has two opportunities with their position coaches to meet on an informal basis You know it's Hey, I want to meet with Amy after she meets with the chargers or Mike after he meets with the Bengals And and the D line the linebackers and the edge players they only had the the one night last night so We were we were humping and jumping and and those guys did a fantastic job In a small sample size like that How much of put the tape to the side how much of it in in figuring out Does a guy love ball how much of that is a part of the process? I love football Yeah, I mean you can tell me that and I'm sure that I would believe you but I can view that I I can view if a guy's out there Strain and fighting if he's into it if he's supporting his teammates if he's jumping up and down if he You know, what what are the you know, we all love the games, you know We all love holding the baby, but do we love being pregnant and that's That's the process that you have to go in and study and find out Who to believe at some of these schools because they all tell you different things How much Is determined already about your 30 visits to ascension st. Thomas sports park Before you even start the interview process here There there's probably been some but but not all you know, I mean, I think One thing that we have been able to do is isolate or identify Excuse me some of those players that we may want to bring back on on as early as tuesday And and get that started The year they shut it down with kovat. We actually had a couple players already in and then they they did away with visits So that's been good. We all kind of come together and say, hey, who do you think and you know If everybody's on everybody's list is the same person's on everybody's list and we should probably bring them in Some of those players would be draftable, but non-combined invites that we may want to look at You know trying to find the next, you know, mayor of murphy's borough That that had draftable grade that wasn't a combine invite That should bring in to get some information on Along with all the things that you're doing here You also have a roster of guys back in nashville that you're dealing with and there's a lot of things going on We saw some roster moves earlier this month There's more to come with free agency looming. How do you balance thinking about both worlds the upcoming draft and these perspective players But also the guys that you already have. Well, nothing's more important than the players on your team. There's nothing more important So you have to have a vision for the ones that that you feel like you have going forward Try to communicate with them ask them to communicate with you as far as an individual development plan What they saw and how they felt like their their mental and physical performance was Through the course of the season What they liked about it what they want to continue to do well and what they would like to try to maybe focus on and change You're in the march Now it all starts The legal tampering period is 12 days away Free agency is two weeks away I mean it's on how much of your time do you spend meeting with various people For the next 12 days to 14 days figuring out what free agency strategy looks like And then rolling it forward to how that will affect What you're able to do towards the draft. Well, we've done that we've done that extensively That's part of what we've done with myself and ran and his staff and You know, the coach has evaluated players and I watched them and we all watched them together and You know try to build a profile on the player and kind of feel like You know if this is somebody that based on you know fit and value This is somebody we'd like to add to the football team not not every player over out there is going to fit your team from a lot of different reasons You know free agency can be tricky, you know, you have to know who you're bringing on to the football team and You know, if somebody hasn't been with them Or you know them fairly well That's that's a risky proposition just to to jump into something like that Finally you making tim kelly available here at the nfl combine your new offensive coordinator The decision to do that your thought process Well, I mean people have a lot of questions about where we may head and You know tim didn't speak to the media this year. Um, so I felt like You know, it just wasn't his his place. I didn't think we needed to go down that road and So therefore I felt like I wanted to make him available to speak on on the offensive's behalf on his behalf on the offensive staff's behalf and I know excited for that to happen here and Justin out and added to your staff as the running back coach coming over from denver Um, a really well thought of guy who got his start in High school special ed teacher spring westfield. Yeah, I mean corby meekins really good program down there in spring, texas You'd love it. I mean to elevate 40 40 000 football fans on friday night The real I would love it. You would but that's your retirement job down there Probably so Um, kdisd, we kept sure that would be great kdis. Yeah, absolutely. Okay, so this guy has had An amazing rise. He's really well thought of why bring him in why running backs and what do you hope he adds? Well, that was where the role was that's where the opportunity was I had made a decision about tony and what I wanted to try to see there um Had met with charles and wanted to try to find a way to add him and met with justin Was was upfront on what the role would be but also maybe what the vision would be Just trying to add a bunch of really good coaches and people Did that defensively as well at some spots. So You know, I want people to know that it was well thought out. It was well planned It wasn't just something that I you know threw together Tried to you know, and it's hard. It's hard to get every person that you want an interview and You know, it's it's hard to go from college or pro team to pro team and sometimes that movement Uh, isn't as supported throughout the league because you can block a coach Or they just they have an opportunity at the place that they've been for a few years The mix on that offensive staff really interesting. I mean a totally different I mean, I'm sure they everybody looks at football slightly differently But that group it would feel like with tim kelly leading it with justin with charles With jason taking over the offensive line tony Moving to tight ends and then keeping rob more where he was. I mean, it's a it's an impressive group and Well, it's only as impressive It's only as impressive as Is what they can can teach and reasonably get the players to understand and execute that that's the most important thing and I think and and obviously I did it for a reason and so hopefully that that comes true And that they are able to add their ideas together Tim's able to coordinate it and everybody's able to have their Their ideas and thoughts and vision heard and then ultimately going a direction in which everybody Is on the same page good stuff as always you got about it. We appreciate you


As we mark International Volunteer Day, I would like to thank each and every one of the fantastic volunteers here in Wales for the work they do every single day. This year our volunteers and the communities they serve have faced incredibly difficult challenges. The pandemic has left so many people feeling lonely and isolated. Welsh volunteers have acted as a beacon of light and hope for communities right across Wales, playing a crucial role in our response to Covid-19. Every day they have been out there on the front line, giving their time to support almost vulnerable people. We've also seen an increase in the number of volunteers here in Wales. All over the country, neighbours have come together to buy shopping for those who were shielding, people who have taken time out of their day to call someone who is isolated simply to check that they were OK, and groups using their creative skills to make PPE and other vital equipment for others to use. So many have contributed in some way to the tremendous effort of keeping Wales safe. And it's important to note that the work of our volunteers throughout this crisis goes deeper than just giving their time to help others. Their commitment has brought communities closer together and strengthened the relationship between communities and public sector bodies. That's why I'm proud that we have been able to award over £4 million to help provide resources to sustain volunteering and community action as we recover from the pandemic. This money will also be used to help developing our volunteer infrastructure to ensure a more sustainable model of volunteering for the future. Communities all over Wales have benefited from the incredible work of our volunteers here in Wales. Their selfless dedication is something of which we can all be proud. Diolch yn fawr i chi gyd.


Let's see, and Eris says it very well. We are all hucksters and frauds according to Gary. It's very true. That's what he believes it to be. I don't believe it to be. I think the people that I've met here, we sat down with Anamoka Brands and it was a really good conversation about what we want to do and what they want to do. And I can just, the VCs, some of the VCs that we've talked to, you can just tell, you can just tell when people are in for money and that's like, just tell me, what do I gotta do to make a maximum amount of money? With Anamoka Brands, I gotta tell you, it was mostly like, how are we gonna grow this thing? How are we gonna get a win for Web3? How are we gonna get people to play this? And it was just like, there was really no talk about price. It was crazy. It was good. So I like that. Michelle Lynn says, by the way, Rob, no longer homeless. I work for a Bitcoin mining company. Fantastic. Nothing more worse than being homeless. Meme, hello. We need solar, one solution to Puerto Rico. Yeah, Meme, we gotta talk. I just, we just put solar panels on our house and two inverters. So yeah, that's definitely needed because in Puerto Rico, we have a problem with electricity. Let's see. Oh, you know what? That was a thing I skipped over. There was a story about this. Little bonus for everybody. Riot Blockchain, they just racked up 31 million in energy credits because in Texas, we've been super hot. Like 110 degrees. I don't know what that's in Celsius. 50 cells, I don't know. But people complain about Bitcoin, Bitcoin miners. All they gotta, like when we need electricity, the electric grid, the companies that, I think it's ERCOT that oversees, yeah, the electrical reliability council of Texas, ERCOT. They just conduct the Bitcoin miners to go, look, shut down. We need more electricity. No problem, boss. And they do that, and they get like massive amount of tax credits. So here's what happened. The company secured almost 32 million in power and demand response credits. This represents more than a 300% increase from July when Riot received only 7.8 million. At Bitcoin's current price, August's energy credit haul equates to about 12, 1,232 Bitcoin, which is way more than what Riot actually mined which is they mined 333. So they make more money just turning off their race. It's a pretty good deal. Effectively Riot sustained more cashflow in August by shutting down its operations, blah, blah, blah. In fact, Riot mined 19% fewer Bitcoin than July of 2023. And then the CEO said this is gonna put us in a competitive advantage. As I read this, I don't think they get cash on hand. I think it's credits. So they can really ramp up their amount of of rigs that they're using to mine the Bitcoin and it can reduce their, you know, electoral costs down to, you know, fractions of a penny with their credit. So maybe that'd be something good to look into as far as a stock. Just saying, I don't know. But yeah, that's good. Save flight, let's hope so. Oh, the shallows go wrong. I've got a great question. You develop your own blockchain. No, we're not. We're not development on blockchain. So think of the, this is why I'm so bullish on web three gaming. Think of like some of the biggest games out there. Let's just say, let's say you take angry birds, right? And that angry birds made over a billion dollars. I think they're just their movie rights alone was $723 million. So let's say that you took angry birds, right? And you were able to take the web two version and create NFTs and tokens. And the tokens that people bought into and it would always be free, right? You could use this as an example of our project. You could always play flappy bird on your phone, your device for free. But let's say you said, well, I want some of that revenue that is coming in. Wouldn't it be great to have a token and stake that token and then you can get 50% of the revenue from the web two version that is coming in and because you're a token holder and people would say, well, why would a company do that? You know, why don't they just keep all the revenue? Well, you can do that, but it's not going to really build web three. So think of it that way when we, when I start to finally talk about the project that we're getting into. So I'm not, we're not creating a blockchain. We're actually discussing on which blockchain to build our web three version on. And that's it. Oh, jungle inks here. A little jungle. Rob, I read somewhere that Korean prefer to use XRP over other blockchains is true. From what I understand, most of them like to use Tront as far as their stable coin, quite honestly. But, you know, it depends on which ones you talk to, I suppose. So here in Korea, it seems like that's a big thing. Yeah, Casper, sure. Morning. Not some Casper? No. So I don't talk about it. Fantastic. I think that's it. I think I did my job today because no one has much question, which is great. Tomato coin never, tomato coin, if you don't know, was a meme coin that I created on Cardano. And I just, it was just an airdrop to everybody who was part of my Cardano stake pool. And it was free. It was just a joke.  Like, nothing. Same thing you do with Pepe coin. Just wait for the price to go up. Maybe someone wants to buy it from you. But that never took off. It was kind of ridiculous. Ben's chair is here. Ben's chair is quite a celebrity, actually. He does, he or she or they always seem to find a way to work their way in the chats. So welcome, Ben's chair. And that's it. Last one, Gala. I'm not too bullish on Gala because the two founders are suing each other, basically both saying that they committed fraud. So that's never a good look for the company. The games are pretty great. Spider tanks and things like that. We just had classy games on last week. Watch that interview. He'll tell you all about Gala. And it could be big, but, you know, with the two founders fighting, probably not a great play right now. But who knows? And that's it. All right, buddy. So thanks for stopping by. I appreciate it. Like today's video. We'll give it a thumbs up. Subscribe and all that good stuff. We'll see you guys back in the regular office on next week. Adios. Have a good day.


This is your Captain Bob speaking. At this time, we ask you to rudely shove past each other and jam your bodies into our painfully small seats. Thank you for flying consolidated airlines. We know you have virtually no other choices. We hope you have an utterly miserable flight. You might not believe this, but I'm old enough to remember when flying was fun. Surely you can't be serious. I am serious, and don't call me Shirley. Now I'm sure you've got your own airline horror stories which I hope you'll share. But what happened to make flying such a nightmare? The answer is simple. The same things happened across most industries. In fact, a close look at airlines reveals five of the biggest problems with our economy. Number one, consolidation means fewer choices. While there were once many more airlines, a series of mergers and acquisitions over the last three decades has left only four in control of about 80% of the market. This kind of consolidation has been happening all over the economy, with four companies now controlling 80% of all beef and two controlling over 60% of paper products. This lack of competition has led to, number two, companies charging more for less. Even before recent airfare spikes, air travel was getting more expensive because of new fees for things that used to be free, like in-flight meals, check bags, even carry-ons. Spirit Airlines even charges $25 to print your boarding pass at a ticket counter.  One of the ugliest add-ons is the fee some airlines charge for families to sit together. That doesn't even cost them anything. Airlines are leading an economy-wide trend of adding often unexpected new charges to goods and services without adding value. And you are getting less in return. Airlines have cut an estimated 8 inches of legroom and 2 inches of seat width in the last two decades. It doesn't bother me, but many of you may feel the squeeze. This parallels other industries where you're paying more for less. Just look at how cereal boxes and rolls of toilet paper and candy bars are all shrinking. Number three, exploiting workers. While their jobs have become more difficult, many flight attendants haven't had to raise in years. And a lot of their hardest work is unpaid because most flight attendants don't get paid during the boarding process. They're off the clock until after the plane's doors close. And if the flight is delayed, those are often extra hours for no extra money. Again, this mirrors trends in the overall economy where too many workers are pushed into unpaid overtime or made it to work or be on call during their off hours. Number four, the illusion of scarcity. Airlines pretend they have no choice but to raise prices, cut services, and limit payroll, but their profits are in the stratosphere. In the last five years before the pandemic, the top five airlines were flush enough to pay shareholders $45 billion, largely through stock buybacks. During the pandemic, they got a $54 billion bailout from taxpayers. You're welcome. In the years since, they've resumed flying high with nearly $10 billion in net profit expected across the industry in 2023. They can afford to take care of workers and customers, whether it's multi-millionaire movie moguls pretending they can't afford to pay writers or a grocery chain, blaming inflation for high prices while raking in record profits. This illusion of scarcity is a sham. Number five, misdirected rage. Instead of being mad at the people at the top, we've been tricked into being mad at each other. Fights have broken out over whether it's okay to recline a seat or who gets overhead bin space. But reclining is only an issue because airlines intentionally put the seats too close together and bin space is only running out because they've made it expensive to check bags. Airlines are pitting us against each other the same way billionaires and their political lackeys pit groups against each other in society, hoping we'll blame unions or immigrants or people of other races or religions or gender identities for why it's so hard to get ahead and that we won't notice how much wealth and power is in the hands of so few. So what do we do? A lot of these problems could be solved with tougher antitrust enforcement, which we're starting to see. The Justice Department is suing to block jet blue from buying spirit airlines. We need that kind of anti-monopoly protection across the board. Another part of the solution is unions. Airline workers are among the wave of American workers organizing to demand better pay and working conditions. And then there's your power as an informed consumer. Companies get away with bad behavior when we accept their excuses that there's just no other way to run a business. They're counting on us not knowing what's really going on. So share this video and share your airline stories in the comments. And finally, try to be a little nicer to service workers and your fellow passengers on planes and in life. After all, we're all on this journey together. Have a safe flight.