My SLSR from the beginning, my name is Deb Goodkin, I'm the executive director of the FreeBSD Foundation, and I'm here to represent the FreeBSD project, and I talk about FreeBSD, and it's sort of similar to Benny's talk, an introduction of FreeBSD, but I also try to incorporate things for people who are already involved in the community too, and so if you are a contributor already, some things might be new, some things might you already know, so I try to make it so it was informative and welcoming talk to people from all areas, and the talk that I'm giving now is a talk I typically give to people at like Linux conferences and other open source conferences around the world. So we will get started here. So my goals today is to show the long history, and I know Benny, so actually I'm sort of assuming a lot of people in here was here for the previous talk, but also I know a lot of people have, so there's probably a lot of new people in here. So first I want to start before I go over the goals of my talk is to find out, so who is new to BSD in general? So that's a good number, so that's awesome. And who in here uses Linux? Okay, so almost everyone in here raised their hand, so that's okay. So my goal here is to share information and our history about FreeBSD in particular, and I'm going to talk about why people use it, what FreeBSD is, and why you should use it and maybe hopefully contribute to our project. And then lastly I'm going to highlight what we as the foundation and project, what we've been doing around the world and advocating for the project. So I'll start with FreeBSD, since there's a lot of people in here who are new to the BSDs, and so I assume that's also FreeBSD. So I use this slide, not to be mean to a tux, because I think tux is really cute. But it's really, a lot of people do still think that FreeBSD is a Linux distribution, and so I use this to make a point that it's not, it's totally separate, and it came from a different place, and so I'm going to highlight that. But I want to share those slides here too, right? And this is recent. I mean this was, I think, opensource.com, which is, it's basically a website that's hosted by Red Hat, and they were doing this poll, and so this is another reason why people get confused that, I mean if I were new to Unix and Linux, and any of the Unix-like type of operating systems, I would just think that FreeBSD was another distribution. And so, I wonder, well we could probably find out. And so, and I did read in the comments to you on here that one of the reasons why they did this was because they wanted to include FreeBSD. But what they really should have done was, what's your favorite Unix-like operating system? And I think that would have been better, at least for us. Well, and I think for people in the world. So FreeBSD, I look at FreeBSD, the FreeBSD world as three different components. And so on the top there you have the actual open, or the open source operating system.  The metal one there is the actual project. And there are some people here from the community, but the project is made up of thousands of contributors. And then the last one is the foundation. And that's what I run and represent. And we are a 501c3, which is U.S. It's a designation within our government and how we file taxes. What it means basically is we're a public charity and we are for the public good. And so our whole focus is to support the project and the community. So we're not a trade association, which is what the Linux Foundation is. We're actually here for the community for the project and to support them. So what is FreeBSD? I mean it's one of the oldest, largest, most successful open source projects in the world. And we've been around, we'll be celebrating our 27th anniversary in June. And it's a complete operating system. So when you think of, so I will compare FreeBSD with Linux just because that's what most people are familiar with. But when you talk about Linux, that's the kernel. And so then you have all these distributions. That's why you have this whole list of distributions and that puts the whole operating system together. So when you're running your computer, you're not just running Linux. You have to have that whole user limit, the tools, documentation, all that kind of stuff. So FreeBSD is all of that. This is very cohesive, coherent operating system. We support over 33. Actually, I think the number increases every day. We may be at 35,000 third-party packages, which really means that when you're using it as your desktop and you want to access the internet, you could have a browser that you can install. And a word processor and whatever software that you want to use, almost anything is supported. Like I said, we have over 1,000 contributors or thousands. We have 400, between 400 and 500 active source committers. And we run on many platforms. And so it's hardware as well as cloud platforms. And there's millions of deployments out there. So someone from Netflix gave a talk last year at the main track. Actually, it was really good. And so I actually stole his abridged version of where FreeBSD came from because I really liked it, but I added nice graphics to mine. But it's really AT&T and it started in 1969. And so you may be familiar with the anniversary that was celebrated. I think it was last November in New Jersey where UNX was created. And then the BSD started from that. It was AT&T. Actually, if you heard Warner Lash's talk yesterday or if he didn't, I would recommend watching the video of it. He gave a talk in the main track on the early UNXs. It was really interesting. So that's available as well as I believe Mad Dog, John Hall is giving a talk, a keynote later today. He's like the Google of UNX and computing. He's pretty, he's amazing. So I would recommend both those talks. But the BSD is Berkeley Software Distribution. And so UNX was licensed to a few universities in Berkeley. It was one of them. They came up with Berkeley UNX. It's also referred to Berkeley Software Distribution or Berkeley Research UNX. There's various names of it. And that's where a team of people actually worked on improving it. And it became the platform for FreeBSD and NetBSD. And so this is a little visual of the timeline. Let's see if I can get it to play. So I just talked about how UNX started in 69. And then the C language was developed there to make it more portable. And then different versions of BSD, some of the research and features that were added to it. And I'm not going to go over each one. Because for me, really what I care about is in 1993 FreeBSD starting. And that's also when that BSD started. So let's see if I can stop this. But we have a great timeline on our website. And when I say our website, it's the freebsdfoundation.org website. And it was fun to put together. So let me start again. Let's see here. Let me show from here. What's happened? Here we go. A little technical difficulty here. So it's starting there. And I believe I need to go here. I know this is actually this is nice because everyone's pretty close in. So I like to use this because it really shows the lineage of FreeBSD. It shows UNX at the top and how it branched into a lot of proprietary, close source type of operating systems. I mean, when I graduated college, which was a few years ago, I used IBM AIX. And so it was sort of in the prehistoric days. And so that's what we used at IBM. It was actually before PCs came out. But HP had their version and various companies, like those large corporations, they had their version of UNX. But if you look here on your left, and so here I zoom in a little bit more. So what I'm trying to show here is the lineage of FreeBSD and how it descended from the Berkeley UNX, which descended from the original UNX that was developed by Ken Thompson in 69. And then I have an arrow there on the left of Linux and how, I mean, it didn't just magically appear, but he did model it after UNX, but it didn't descend from that years of development. And when you look at the people who worked on BSD at Berkeley, they were university students. They were mostly PhD students. Some of the people, Bill Joy, if you don't know who he is. I mean, he's one of the co-founders of Sun. And he oversaw the BSD project. And so you had these years of development at Berkeley of these college students. So if they're PhD students, they're probably, like in their early 20s. And so then when FreeBSD started a decade later, then you actually, we still had a lot of those people continuing to support and develop on it. So the difference in age, when you look at when Linux started versus when FreeBSD continued or started, that you actually had 10 years difference in the age of the developers. And so you had sort of a more mature group of people who were developing that. And you could look at that in two different ways. You could say, well, it was young and maybe it's more innovated. But I'm just trying to highlight what the differences were in the people who are part of that. So who uses FreeBSD? So when I tell people that you're probably using FreeBSD, they're always surprised because most people haven't heard of FreeBSD before. But what I did hear, these aren't the only companies that use FreeBSD. What we try to do is choose marquee companies, recognizable companies that you're familiar with that use FreeBSD. So most likely you use FreeBSD. I mean, if you have an iPhone, you know, macOS and iOS were developed from FreeBSD, they still follow for the command line. They actually come to our conferences still. Netflix is a big known company that uses FreeBSD for the high performance they get on the streaming. So when you're watching a Netflix video, you know, TV show, whatever, that's all streaming on FreeBSD servers. Travago, the PlayStation, and I understand the 5.2 will be FreeBSD. So I won't go through all these bullets, but really, you know, the main reason why people, why users use FreeBSD, and it will be different between like an individual user like us in this room, versus like a corporation, a corporation like, say, Sony is a good example, why they may use FreeBSD is because of licensing. And so we do follow the BSC license. And so Linux's GPL, FreeBSD is BSC, and so it's a permissive license, which means you can take the code and you can make your own changes and you don't have to give it back to the community. And it's a philosophy that the community believes in, that they are happy that someone else is using their code, so they don't feel the need that they need to get recognition for it. But there's also companies that use it for the same reason, but they actually upstream almost all their changes. So Netflix actually is a really good example of a company that does that. And I would highly recommend watching Jonathan Looney's talk from FOSDOM last year, it was on the main track, and he talked about how Netflix follows the developer current branch of FreeBSD and how they successfully do that. So it was a really popular and well-received talk. And then just the fact that it's a cohesive operating system and then just its history of development, too, is another reason why people like to use FreeBSD users like us, then we'll use it because of stability and reliability, actually that's why companies will use it, too, but also for the community. So we're also known as a very friendly and welcoming community, too. And the documentation, we're known for excellent documentation. So when you're installing FreeBSD, and I'm actually going through this process right now. So I have FreeBSD on here. I run it on a virtual machine, but I also have another new laptop that I have at home just sitting and waiting for me to install FreeBSD. And since I don't do this a lot, I can search for help on when I run into issues. There's also a really good community that I can reach out to and get questions answered. So how the project works. So first I'll start off with, since we descended from Berkeley, they had a whole model that they followed on development since it was a fairly large software development effort on their part and how they control everything. And so we still follow that model. And so the first thing that I include is just the fact that, so I work for the FreeBSD foundation and then we have the FreeBSD project. And actually in the next slide, I think I have a better graphic of this, but we are a separate organization. So we don't run FreeBSD the project. We can't tell them what to do or have any control. Our whole purpose is to support them. And so if there's any critical needs, any holes in the project, then if we have the funding, we step in and help fill those needs. We have a core team. Actually one of the core team members, he's not in this room right now, but we do have a FreeBSD table in, let's see, what room? Oh, one of the buildings. In age, I think. No, no, no, no. Okay, yeah. So it's the main building where when you go in and they had the FOSDA on T-shirts and all that kind of stuff. So we're there. And so Bendic represents the core team. And that's actually elected every two years. We're coming out for elections in, I believe, May. And anyone who's a committer has a vote. And then it's a mentoring system to get your commit bit. So for example, I'm doing documentation. And so I submit patches for changes. And so eventually someone will recognize that and then they'll offer me mentorship. And then hopefully I'll get my commit bit that way. I just need a little more time to do that. And it's very collaborative. So this is my version of org chart for the project. So it's nothing official. And really I didn't have room for all the functional teams. But basically we have these functional teams. And it's a great way to sort of organize how things are supported within the project. And it also allows people who are interested in different areas to get involved in those areas that they're interested in. So say for example, if you're interested in security, and you have background, then you can be part of the security team. We have release and ports. And so we have various different type of functional teams that make up the project. And then the way I did it was sort of, you know, a top-down approach where you have the core team. And the core team is basically like a, I view them as like the board of directors of the project. And so they oversee it, but they also don't have control. You can, I mean as a developer you can work on what you're interested in working on. And that's philosophy of the project. And the core team steps in the help with, you know, sometimes it's administration and sometimes it's, you know, developer relationships. But they're sort of like those managers that you go to. And so I just talked about the core team and that's actually a list of what they work on. And so what I'm trying to point out here is that we don't have one person who oversees the whole project and has the yay or nay on what goes in or how things are run. So it is definitely a democratically run. And I'd like to show this graph. So we did this graph back in, so about a half a year ago. And what I'm trying to highlight here is the age distribution of our, and this is actually the committer. So not all the thousands of contributors we have. And showing not only are we diverse as far as countries and cultures represented, but also age. So we are getting new people involved in the project and probably more importantly getting younger people involved too because they're the ones who are going to continue. The one, the age, you know, near the end of that graph. A lot of those are actually people who've been with the, with previous C and BSD since the beginning, which is really cool because we have new people who are joining and we love working with them. And we have these older, more experienced people who are part of the project and know the history. And they're so welcoming that they love talking to the younger people and helping them along with the project. And so it's really neat to see. So how the releases work. So it's basically the, so we follow this, the principle of least astonishment. And it's basically things work, don't, don't change them. And don't, don't break things that already work. And, and also across major releases. So when you, when we have a new release, then it's going to, you know, I don't know, 99% that, you know, confidence that it will work, that you won't have to back out that, that update. So we have two types of releases major and the point releases. And so right now where we're at is the next major release will be 13.0. There wasn't a schedule for that yet, but I would guess the end of the year, early next year, it's every couple of years where there's a release schedule for 12.2 to come out. And I believe 11.4. And, and so we also have these sort of policies or rules of not breaking the ABI's and API's. And then like I mentioned earlier with Netflix, we have the, the two different branches. And so we call current also referred to as a developer branch and then the stable branch. And so like, so for example, on my computer that I'm installing for BSD, I'm actually using the current branch. So it's the latest and greatest version of free BSD. And what, what we do is we, we as a project provide what's called a snapshot. And so every week those are run. And so that's the image that I downloaded on my system. But if you're, you know, if you, but if you want a more stable, not the development branch, then we have the stable branch too that a lot of people use. So like if I, if we do real workshops at universities and various places and, and we'll always use the stable branch for that. So how you can, or how you contribute to the project, there's very many ways you can contribute. Like I said, I write documentation. I don't write code though my background. So my background is an operating systems, even though I've been working with them now for almost 15 years. And I'm trying to learn as much as I can, but my background is that I was a firmware engineer for many years for storage devices, which is so different than operating systems. So that's why I, I could get back into writing code, but I choose not to and I'm doing it because I'm already running the foundation. So it would be difficult. But it's easy to get started contributing. And some of the suggestions that we have would be, one would be it's working on documentation so you could translate or improve the documentation. You could, there's many ports. Like I was saying, there's over 33,000. And so we always need ports, maintainers. And you could just go through the peer list and pick a, you know, a problem out there that you could fix and submit a patch for. And so yes, so earlier I talked about why people or why users use FreeBSD. This is a list of why companies will use FreeBSD. And really if someone asked me, I would say the two top reasons really, so the license and then ZFS. And especially for data centers, people who really want that, you know, that reliability that they use ZFS. And it's been supported in FreeBSD for a very long time. And all these places where FreeBSD stands out and the one thing that we don't have on here that we are working on is support on the laptop. And so that's always an issue, especially with people like us, that we want, I wasn't sure if that was like a fire alarm. And so that's an area that we are working on. It's a hard area to support because you have so many different technologies and then you get new one, new generations, new technologies, CPUs and everything. But we as a foundation actually are working on trying to support some of the newer hardware so more people can get FreeBSD running on their laptops. I am highlighting some of the kernel features here. I'm not going to go through each one. It's basically a list of a typical kernel that has to work in this day. The user land features are more what I think sets us apart as far as making it a coherent system that our user land is developed and tested and integrated with the kernel from our community. So it's one group of people that are working on all of this. And so it's very consistent, coherent and integrated. Some of the other features we're known about. So like I said, ZFS and we're very active in the OpenZFS project, D-Trace, which was brought over from Sun back in, I think it was about 2005. It's a dynamic tracing tool, gels. I mean, we really came out with the first containerization. And actually there are projects that are working to product size that a little bit better. Beehive, actually I just came from Australia for Linux Conf EU. And when the original Beehive developers gave a talk there and he's getting involved in the project again, it was originally developed for NetApp. And then they open sourced it. And so that's been a very successful feature. And the TCP IP, we're still using as reference platform even though that was originally developed in BSD. And Capsicum actually is getting a little more publicity. I mean, it's very recent. Well, they've been working on this for years. It's coming out of the University of Cambridge and they're working with ARM on a recently announced project that ARM is integrating the instruction set into a version, a CPU version that will be on what's called the Morolla board and that will be very secure. And they have millions of pounds funding for this project. And FreeBSD has been working on this for, I think they've been working on it for five years. So it's very promising for a secure platform, maybe IoT area, but a great collaborative effort with FreeBSD and ARM. So I'll talk a little bit about the FreeBSD foundation so you can understand who we are. And we are celebrating our 20th anniversary this year. We're going to celebrate it all year, but we were founded in March 2000. We are based in Boulder, Colorado. That's where I am based. But we are a distributed organization. We're very small. I have, I haven't counted recently, but I think I have six to eight employees. And we have interns too. So that's why, but we have an office up in Canada too in the Waterloo area. And so we have a lot of development going on up there. And then we have a board of eight board members and we do have Benedict who's down at the table. He's also on our board. We are 100% funded by donations. So we're not a membership organization. And so we do reach out to companies and ask them to help fund our efforts. And so we're constantly doing that. If your company is using FreeBSD and benefiting, then I would ask if you could either connect me with the right people or ask your company too to help us with our funding. The more money we get, the more software development that we could do as well as advocacy for the project. So this list, I know this, so I don't know, you might be able to read this. So what I try to do with this, and this is where the FreeBSD around the world comes from. So we went to, we participated 38 conferences in 21 countries. This was all last year. And the whole reason is to raise awareness about FreeBSD. And so at a minimum, people understand what FreeBSD is. And hopefully spark an interest in people trying FreeBSD and hopefully either becoming a user or contributing back to the project. And so you can see here, basically I went in order. So I didn't go by country or anything. And this doesn't include BSD conferences or just conferences that we sponsor around the world. But one thing I do want to point out here is that like open source summit, we did give FreeBSD talk at both the North America and the European one. And if you don't know, open source summit is a Linux foundation conference used to be called LinuxCon. And so it's really important that we include our voice in these open source conferences. And that's what we're doing. And so I actually included a list of sort of like the key conferences that we're going to be at or that are happening this year. I mean, as far as conferences we're going to be at, we have a really long list like that one earlier. But if you're interested in getting involved and or finding out more about FreeBSD, we have three major BSD conferences that have listed up here, as well as other conferences that we're out. So people, so this slide really is for people who are part of the community already or people who want to get involved and who want to help us advocate for FreeBSD. And so what, because I wasn't sure what, who all was going to be in my talk. And so with this slide, I was hoping to convince people to go out there to come to conferences like this. Actually, this is one of our best represented conference, I think, because we have, well, we had Rigo who he organizes this room and a lot of people from the community come and if you go to our table, you'll see that not only are there usually like four people behind the stand, but there's actually a group of us in front of it. And it's just that because there's so many of us, we can't all stand behind it. And so it's a great conference for us. So to go to a conference, go to a Linux conference and my slides are available to share, to introduce people to FreeBSD. And or go to a meetup or run a meetup or go to university. And these are all things that we're doing. It's just that the foundation is very small and we can't get to all these places.  And that's just the basic. And now you can start playing with FreeBSD and learn about it. And I have resources actually on the right of that slide is a list of a lot of the resources that we do provide from flyers to stickers. Someone was asking me earlier about could they get the like PDF for the stickers. And so we do have people who run their their local events and they print their own or have their own stickers made. So this slide I like to use for when I go to like a Linux conference for people who are new to FreeBSD. And I love this graphic. I don't know who did it and I wish I did because I'll probably someday get in trouble for using it. But it's showing us working together. And so why should we work together? It's, I mean first, so say you're in here and you're just learning about FreeBSD and you have no interest in switching.  This way, I mean it's so important just to have that knowledge, understand how other operating systems work. And it'll just make you better at what you do. Because you may say, I hate how they do all of this stuff. So I'm going to do, you know, my, whatever my development, my work better. And that's, that is how you improve things. So we really could learn from each other, whether it's successes or failures. And we do have different coding methodologies and philosophies. And so understanding the reasons for both. And so I do know people who contribute, especially developers, who contribute to FreeBSD. Companies like Google and Facebook try to hire them, which is really bad for us. But because they don't usually contribute anymore. But it's, it is a good way to get really good training. And they have, we just have a good reputation for producing very good software developers. And that's why that happens. Our code base is smaller. And so it's a great reference platform. So for learning about open, or learning about operating systems, it's, so you, so I mean, so we have, if you just compare the two kernels. So we have about five and a half million lines of code. And Linux is 35 or more million lines of code. So right there, you can see like, well, if I just want to look at source code, and you know that they're both good, then I would choose a smaller one because it's going to be easier to find what you're interested in or what you're looking, you know, to find what you're looking for. FreeBSD, if you look at the whole operating system, it's about 17 million lines of code. So, and distribute Linux distribution, I don't, I can't even tell you how many lines of code because they're all going to be different too. But it just gives you an idea that it's a great place to learn about operating systems. It's a great, if you're interested in becoming a system programmer or to improve your system programming skills, then it's a great way to do that with FreeBSD. And I had that quote, because this was when I found, when I was just reading, I forgot what, where I was reading this at, but I thought this was a really good point that this person said that they became a better Linux, this admin, by learning about FreeBSD. And I think that that's really important. And so why I contribute to FreeBSD, and I know I, I could actually make like, probably a book on this, and that's why I try to squeeze as much as I can, because here is why I'm trying to convince people to contribute to FreeBSD. But it is a very inclusive and welcoming community. I, so we had a developer summit on Friday and there's a contributor, and I can't remember how many years she's been involved in the project. I just met her for the first time here. And she submitted a patch, and she, so she tweeted it. I just submitted my first patch to FreeBSD, and everyone's like, you know, commenting like congratulations and all this stuff, which is great, because then it makes you want to contribute more. As well as also people are there reviewing and giving you constructive feedback too. So we're assuming people aren't perfect when, you know, when they start contributing. Like I said, it's a great way to learn about operating systems, and because of the size of the project, since it is smaller, it's easier to make a more notable contribution. So we've had like some of our interns, I mean, they've become sort of the like main people, like on risk five is a really good example of one of my interns. And, and so it is, it's much easier to, to stand out or to become an expert in a particular area that you're interested in, and get involved. And like I said earlier, some of those original people, like Kirk Mekusek, he's one of the original BSD developers and from Berkeley, and he's on my board, and he's still very involved in the project.  And, and then the fact that it's democratically run too, that that makes a difference, it's first getting your contributions accepted. So, what I would recommend is if you're interested in trying out previous D, just to try it. And there's many ways of doing that from, like I have it, like I was saying, that I have VirtualBox, that's typically how we do it with a workshop, but you could actually get an account on Azure, AWS, they have free accounts for new people, and a digital ocean actually is another one that's really good. And, or, or we also have how-to guides on our web, our website. So the FreeBSDFoundation.org website does have how-to guides. And so if you want to just install FreeBSD, like I'm doing on my other computer, then we have a guide for that. And then this last one, I think the slide will disappear. But this is some of the main resources that I use, and most people will use for getting more information about FreeBSD. And, but there's a lot more information, it's really, you know, just Google for FreeBSD and you can get what you, hopefully what you want to know about FreeBSD. And there's also a good Facebook group there too, but there's forums, email lists, there's many different ways to engage with the community. So I have one minute left, which I timed it perfectly, so I won't get too many questions, but I'm kidding. But, but if you do have questions, I will take questions now. But the other thing too is we do have that table. I'll be down there, but also we do have developers down there who, so if you have real, you know, specific or technical questions that they should be able to answer those for you. So anything in this last 53 seconds that I have. So who's going to try FreeBSD now? That's awesome. Okay. Okay. That's great. Okay. Well, that's all I have. Thank you so much. I appreciate it.


Ladies and gentlemen, we have a big problem. We have half a billion children that are pushed on the margins of society, street children, migrant children, working children, children in prison. And this is a problem, why? Because these are kids that are uneducated, they will be not consumers, they will not be producers, they will be a risk. It's bad for stability, it's bad for health, it's bad for the development and the economy, and it affects us all because we're all connected. So it's essential that something is done on the white scale and done with impact. So to really support the children to become functional, productive adults in society, we need new models, we need to take the best of the business world and put it the best of the NGO world, scale it up for impact, we need to have holistic approaches, we need to have sustainable approaches. And the solutions are the same, it's to really give them a future. If we don't give them a future that they can hang on to, they will go for a future that is a destructive and negative future, or no future at all, and then they will rebel against the existing system. And I mean, the system has to change so that they are included. Friends International, my organization, is doing this by always building the best quality possible, aiming at sustainability, having models that are replicable, and at the heart of everything we do, having an impact for those young people. Now to do this, we run projects. First of all, the first part is saving lives, we go where the kids are, we make sure they survive and we get them out of there. But the most important is we're building futures. For the older ones and parents, it's vocational training leading to employment, and for the younger ones, it's remedial schooling leading back to public school. But the problem is, if we want to scale up the network, we need to do something else. So we decided to franchise. We want to franchise, first of all, the model working with mothers. We train mothers at each step of training, there's a production, so immediately they make money and they can support immediately their children to go back to school and they are productive. What's the next? How are you working with them? The good side of this franchise, it's not only a business, it's also franchising the entire social work, ethics and standards that goes with the franchise. What I love to see are the kids that I've known on the street, they were using drugs, they were really in bad conditions, and now they run a restaurant, they have their own family, they invited me to their wedding, and that is really the change that we're looking for. It's great to meet you. Thank you very much. I'll say hello to Larry. Hello, how are you? How are you? I'm fine. How are you? Are you in Belgium? What a question I have is how together can we build the futures? How can we engage a real relationship between a social enterprise and a business so that we achieve this impact and together we make a big difference? Everyone has a role to play, and if we don't do that, then we're actually not solving a problem that is crucial for the future.


Hello, and welcome to this session in which we will discuss itemized deduction, specifically charitable contribution, and this is part two of this series of discussion. In the prior session, we looked at charitable contribution in general, but basically an introduction. In this session, we would look at the type of property contributed and what type of a ceiling you will have on the contribution. Well the type of the property means whether it's at cash, is it something else other than cash? How do we value it? And as always, Congress is generous to a point. You can deduct charitable contribution up to a point. This is what we're going to be discussing in this session. Before we proceed any further, I have a public announcement about my company, farhatlectures.com. Farhat Accounting Lectures is a supplemental educational tool that's going to help you with your CPA exam preparation as well as your accounting courses. My CPA material is aligned with your CPA review course such as Becker, Roger, Wiley, Gleam, Miles. My accounting courses are aligned with your accounting courses, broken down by chapter and topics. My resources consist of lectures, multiple choice questions, true-false questions as well as exercises. Go ahead, start your free trial today. Starting with types of contribution. What can you contribute? Well, you can contribute cash. That's easy. You can contribute ordinary income property, not long-term capital gain property. And this include inventory. This could include stocks and bonds. And you would include capital gain property. Again, capital gain property would include stocks and bonds because they could be capital gain, long-term capital gain. And they could include business asset, section 1231, which is real estate property used in business. Now when you contribute cash, what is the value? What's the value of cash? Cash is easy. Cash is cash. No need to value the cash. So when you contribute cash, it's real easy to value that amount. How about if you contribute ordinary income property, not long-term capital gain property? Well what is that? Well, that's asset that would produce ordinary income or short-term capital gain if sold. An example, inventory or another example, stocks or bonds. When you buy stocks and bonds and you sell them within one year, it will include short-term capital gain, which is ordinary income. So if those assets are contributed, how much can you deduct? What's your contribution amount? Well, here's what's going to happen. Generally speaking, you're going to have to take the lower of adjusted basis or fair market value if selling the asset to result in a short-term capital gain treated as ordinary income. Simply put, you would say the basis. The basis, unless the fair value is lower than the basis, then you will take the fair value because it's lower than the basis. But generally speaking, it's the basis. How about if you contributed capital gain property? What's capital gain property? Capital gain property would produce long-term capital gain. Like you have stocks and bonds, the same thing. However, you held them for longer than a year and if you sell them, they would result in a long-term capital gain. Therefore, they don't belong in this group. So the stock or bonds, they can belong as ordinary income property or capital gain depending on how long you held them. Well, if you held them long enough, they're in the third group. Or section 1231 gain, which is real estate depreciable property. How much can you contribute? How much can you deduct if you make this contribution? What's the contribution amount? Generally speaking, for this asset, you are allowed the fair market value unless we're going to discuss two exceptions. Now, obviously, fair market value is usually what we're assuming here. The fair market value is higher unless we have two exceptions we have to discuss. Let's take a look at this example. Alex donates stock in blue corporation to a college on September 1, X3. Alex purchased the stock for 4,000 on July 15, X3. And the stock had a value of 5,500. What you need to know is this. The first thing you need to know is this is a short-term transaction, short-term capital gain. The stock went up and it's short-term. It means it's going to result in ordinary income. As Alex did not hold the stock long enough to meet the long-term capital gain, selling the stock would result in a short-term capital gain of 1,500. Short-term capital gain means what? It's going to result in ordinary income. Short-term capital gain is treated as ordinary income property. So Alex's charitable contribution is limited to the basis, not fair value. Suppose the stock had a fair value of 3,000 instead of 5,500. So Alex bought the stock, the stock went down. Alex donated the stock after the stock went down. Then you are limited to your fair market value, which is lower than the basis. Otherwise it would be nice to buy a stock, goes down in value. You donate the stock and get the fair market value. Or the cost basis, which is higher than the fair market value. You know, that will be nice. So in other words, because the stock went down in value, you cannot use the basis. Now the fair market value will take place wide because it's slower than the basis. Let's look at the exception one, the fair market value deduction of capital gain property. Remember capital gain property was the third category and I said there are two exceptions. Because generally capital gain property is you could deduct the fair market value. We're assuming the fair market value is higher. Two exception, the first exception is this. The charitable deduction contribution of tangible property may be limited to the adjusted basis if not used for the charity's exempt function. Okay, what does that mean? Let's assume you donated, let's assume Oliver donated a painting that he purchased five years ago for $5,000. The fair market value of the painting at the time of the donation is $50,000. And Oliver decided to donate it to the Red Cross. Now the Red Cross, what are they going to do with this painting? There's not much they can do with it. Okay, they are going to sell it. So the donation is not for the intended use of the charity. Then under those circumstances, the contribution is the basis. So how much can Oliver deduct $5,000? Now what can Oliver do? Oliver can sell it, this can sell it, can sell it and donate the money. But if he sells it, he's going to be taxed on the profit as long term capital gain. Then whatever's left, then he can donate in cash and get the value in that. But the point is since it's not, you know, the Red Cross cannot use a painting. They're going to sell it. Now, if Oliver donated this to a local museum and the local museum put this painting on display, then Oliver can take the fair market value. Now how would Oliver know? The museum will tell them, will tell Oliver, this is what we're going to be doing. Now also the Red Cross is going to tell Oliver, look, we have no need of this. Thank you for your donation. We are going to sell it and use the proceeds for our cause. Then you will take the basis. The second exception, so this is again, the second exception where you cannot use the fair market value, assuming the fair market value is higher for capital gain contribution, which is category three. Property contributed to a private foundation may have certain limitation. What is a private foundation? Private foundation are organizations that typically don't rely on funding from the general public because we have private foundation, we have public as well. An example of private foundation, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. I'm not really sure if they're still together after the divorce, but I always use this example. Bill and Melinda Gates. Bill Gates is the founder of Microsoft, him and his wife, they have this foundation. It's a private foundation. Private foundation also are categorized under two categories, operating and what is operating? Private foundation, those foundation are active. They spend their money, significant portion of their income on active pursuit of charitable purposes. So if it's a private operating foundation, it means they are helping certain causes. Means they are contributing to the society. Non-operating foundation are different. Non-operating foundation, on the other hand, are not actively involved in charitable contribution, charitable activities. What they do is, for example, they want to maintain a certain park or a certain theater that's all what they focus on one thing. They're not helping the overall public and charity. They have a specific purpose, non-operating foundation. So when making a contribution to a private, non-operating foundation to this group here, the deduction might be reduced by the amount of potential long-term capital gain. As a result, the contribution is limited to the adjusted basis of the property. And we're assuming here that the adjusted basis is lower than the fair market value. So simply put, when you contribute to a private foundation that's non-operating foundation, you are what? You are limited to the basis. Again, we're assuming here the fair market value is greater than the basis. Example, five years ago, Maggie purchased a land for 10,000 and has held it as an investment since then. This year, when the land is worth 30,000, she decided to donate it to a private non-operating foundation. Maggie's charitable contribution is limited to $10,000 to her basis. Why? Because it's a non-operating foundation. If Maggie chooses to donate this land to a public charity or a private operating foundation, she would be able to deduct the fair market value of the land, which is $30,000. Also, there's always a contribution ceiling on donations. As I always mention, Congress is a generous to a point. Remember, what can we contribute? We can contribute cash. We can contribute ordinary income property. We can contribute long-term capital gain property. So we need to know how much you can deduct of each. If you are donating cash to public charities, because we have public charities and we have private charities and we have private and non-operating or operating and operating. So let's start with public charities. If you are donating to a public charity and public charities are called 50% organization, I'm going to tell you why they are called 50%. They are called 50% because if you contributed cash, you can deduct up to 50% of your adjusted gross income. Hold on a second. You just said 50%. Why is the X under 60%? Well, I'm going to tell you why. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, when that change was made, Congress says, look, since we are taken away some standard, some itemized deduction, let's increase how much people can contribute in charities. So we encourage them to contribute cash. So that's why it's 60%. But generally speaking, it's 50%. The ceiling is 50%. So the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act from 2018 to 2025 allows 60%. And that's why public charities and private operating charities are called 50% organization, 50% because the deduction was only 50%. But now it's 60% for the purpose of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. If you donate cash to a non-operating charities, again, those non-private, they don't help the public overall, then you are limited to 30%. You can contribute as much as you want to. That's not the point. The point is, how much can you deduct? You are limited to 30% of your adjusted gross income. Generally speaking, seldom people limit their cash contribution limit. How about if you contribute ordinary income property, remember, inventory, stocks you held for, stocks and bonds you held short-term? If you contribute this to a public charity, you are limited to 50% of your adjusted gross income. It's the basis, unless the basis is lower than the fair market value, you would use the fair market value. Two, private operating charities, the same thing, 50%. Those are, again, what are they called, 50% organization, 50% organization. Those are called 50% because the limit is 50%. Again, basis unless the fair market value is lower. How about if you contribute to a non-operating charities, it's going to be less, it's going to be 30%. So non-operating charities, what can we call them? We can call them 30% organization, 30% in contrast to the 50%. How about if you contributed long-term capital gain property? To a public charity, you are limited to 30%. To private non-operating charities, you are limited to 30%. And notice for non-operating charities, you are limited to 20%. So no, forget about this 30% thing. It's not really 30% because for capital gain, a contribution of long-term capital gain, you go down to 20%. The point is this, always remember that private non-operating charities, you are allowed less in all categories. For cash, 30% rather than 50%. For ordinary income, 30% rather than 50%. For contribution of long-term capital gain, 20% rather than 30% for the other organization. Again, fair market value of property, remember, unless the exceptions apply. How about, since we have ceiling, how about if you did not use the amount? If it's not used because you reached a limit, no worries. Contribution subject to limitation might be carried forward up to five years. When these carried forward, they maintain their original classification, whether it's 30% property or 50% property, they will maintain that. And when utilizing carryover, current contribution are utilized first, then followed by first and first out. So when you contribute this year, first you will deduct your contribution of this year. If you did not reach your limitation and you have some carryover, then you will start to use first and first out basis. Let's take a look at an example. And contribution and a tax year include both a 50% and a 30% property. The deduction is first taken from the 50% property before applying the 30% property. Because sometime you could be contributing two type of an asset, 50% property and a 30% property. Let's take a look at an example. Tax payer adjusted gross income is 60,000. And this individual contributed 2,000 in cash. And the land with a fair market value of 30,000. We're going to assume this land is long term. Potential total charitable contribution potential is 32, because we have the fair market value long term plus the 2,000. Now what we have to do, we have to compute the limit. The limit on the cash is 50% of AGI, which is 30,000. The limit on long term capital gain property is 30% of AGI, which is 18,000. So the current deduction of the land is limited to 18,000, not 30,000 because we are limited to that. The cash, it's fine, you can do it. The 2,000 is way less than the 30,000, right? So the amount of the deduction is the 2,000 cash, which is computed first plus the 18,000 for the land is 20,000. What we have is a contribution carry forward of 12,000 for the land. Because remember the fair market value was 30, we contributed 18,000 this year, what's left is 12,000. And this carry over will be a 30% asset carry over. Now, I am going to work additional simulations and exercises for this topic. And you can see those on my website. But what should you do now? Go to Farhat Lectures, look at MCQ's True Faults that's going to help you understand. This quasi-quasi complicated topic with many rules. Invest in yourself, charitable contribution, understanding schedule A. Itemized deduction is an important concept, whether you are a CPA candidate, an enrolled agent or accounting student. Good luck, study hard and of course, stay safe.


I am on 7th heaven really, seriously this is our shortlist itself was some 40 plus that actually spoke about the bodies of work we have done for various clients and it's not only one, two clients and if you have seen that maximum awards we are winning from different clients work and shortlist talks about whatever. The best part is that this is a third year consecutive we are winning creative and media agency of the year which talks about the creativity we develop, ideation we develop at our end and that has become our culture and Milestone Brandcom really I give this to my client, my team, my really stakeholders because it's a great moment for me. It's fantastic thanks E4M for giving such platform at least clients get to see their work and this is a fantastic moment for our people there are 50 odd people have come joined this show from our agency itself so we will continue doing good work it's again a hat trick because consecutive three years we have been winning creative and media agency of the year, consecutive four years we have been winning maximum awards in this show it really talks about the big thing and I am speechless right now it is so interesting moment for me. So on Oreo we have got a gold and a silver and especially on this client it matters a lot with the kind of effort the team has put in the kind of innovations the kind of planning that we have put into place for this particular brand it's there has been a lot of hard work which the team has put in particularly with the creative we got a lot of scope there were contextual branding which we had done we had place creative outside mall specific creative for bus shelter so there was a lot that we could do and yeah using play as a theme there were a lot of things which could actually be implemented on the creative perspective as they rightly say OH is all about three to five second medium so if you put the right thing at the right place I am sure you know it will get noticed and people will appreciate it and the kind of contextual as she mentioned what we did it was something fantastic which was quite appreciated by everyone client and I am so thankful to the jury that they have equally appreciated and you know it got rewarded us with some you know one cold and one silver so it has been fabulous thing we are really really very happy and super excited especially on this brand I love Oreo and it matters a lot to us thank you so much thank you so much Ex-Enfield media we really appreciate we are happy that our work is recognized and the jury liked it and it's a high for the client it's a high for us obviously it's a lot of labor we put in so if it's recognized we are very happy feeling proud it's an amazing experience to receive a gold for something which we have put in a lot of hard work it has been a collated effort of effort of everybody across the client and the agency we work together and brought this up innovation the ideas a lot of strategy a lot of thought process has gone into this campaign and I think it feels really nice to win an award for something for which you worked hard


Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA the Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. We're taking a look at this loading screen today and FIFA Ultimate Team talking about it and what is it telling us and what it is informing us about team this season. And I also want to just kind of talk about team this season most consistent and what loading screens we could see in the next couple of days and just stuff that we saw today on the market. So it's kind of like a market talk and discussing the loading screen kind of like all in one video. We're just gonna go through it all today and go over it. So talking about this loading screen when EA dropped it today and I'm actually not gonna show you it on the console. Like I've got this little picture set up to throw on the screen because right now my menu lag inside of the menus is unbelievable. It's just awful for whatever reason. It's been this way the past two days. It's been really annoying. But this is the loading screen that we got today and it shows us all of the leagues and we first got it today at 6 p.m. U.K. they dropped this loading screen and all that we saw on it was the Bundesliga League NOS basically the top row up there is all that we saw and then we saw empty open boxes below that every hour after 6 p.m. U.K. so at 7, 8 and 9 p.m. they updated to show the rest of the leagues that were gonna be included in team this season. This is really cool like EA. I know this we kind of laugh at like loading screens as content nowadays. But this is kind of cool in my opinion because they're telling us some useful information here that we're getting two new leagues in team of the season that we really haven't gotten in a while at least we didn't get last year. We're getting a champion or a Chinese League team of the season a full squad or at least a set of players from Chinese Super League and then also the MLS. So those are the two new leagues this year. So that means theoretically that since there are now 16 different squads that should come out for team of the season this entire year that team of the season is actually going to be two weeks longer. No, a week longer. It's gonna be a week longer if they do the same way as they did before because last year we had 14 different squads with 12 different leagues. And then this year we have 16 different squads with 14 different leagues because the two that are not league based are the community and the ultimate. I guess you can count rest of world in there too but the community and the ultimate times is basically just a redo of touch players that have already been in the game. So team of the season is gonna be actually longer this year if they do it the same way they've done it in the years past, like one week they put out two different squads. And when I started to look at this I thought, you know, League of Noss and Bundesliga were together last year. If you go back and you look on foot bin or back in last year FIFA 19, it kind of groups together the teams that were out at the same time. Last year we had Bundesliga and League of Noss out at the same exact time. And they're together now this year on this loaded screen that we got today, they're together. So last year League of Noss, we had a full side of 11, we didn't have a bench. I would expect that to be the way that it goes for a lot of these squads this year. Probably the same thing for the Chinese Super League, same thing for the MLS, possibly Air Divisie and Rest of World is what we'll get just 11, sets of 11 for those leagues and not a full 23 like we'll get for the community or most consistent. But regardless, it's cool to get two more leagues for team this season. We're starting earlier so that makes sense why EA might want to stretch it out a little bit more and put a couple extra leagues in there. And again, some people are theorizing today what these leagues mean. I think this just means what leagues are in team this season. Some guys thought that this was going to be a, the makeup of all the different leagues with the players that were included in most consistent. But I don't think that's true at all because 16 different leagues for team this season most consistent. Last year we only had nine leagues and you know there's gonna be multiple Prem players, multiple La Liga and Bundesliga in team this season most consistent. So I don't think that loading screen today was anything to do with that. I literally just think the loading screen today was telling us which leagues we're actually going to be getting during team this season. Now it doesn't tell us what order we're gonna get them in or if you know the pairings that sit right beside each other like the guys that are right next to each other if we look, they look pretty believable, right? Ultimate Tots and Chinese Super League, not bad. Super League and Prem, okay. That's like a top league and a lower league. But then we have community Tots matched up with La Liga Santander. That seems a bit interesting. I don't know if that's, if they would drop that this weekend that would be crazy. That'd be a pretty crazy combination. But then the other side of the coin is if we got rest of world and air division at the same time that'd be pretty dead as well as Latin America Tots with Saudi, the Saudi League, that'd be a little bit less than desired too. So I honestly think we were talking about this in the stream tonight on Twitch is I think what they're gonna do is they'll pick one from the right side and one from the left side and that's how they're gonna do it. And somehow all of them will come together and will probably have still a main league and a lesser league during team of the season. Kind of like normal. But again, since we have the extra league this year it feels like to me we only have five major leagues, right? With we have Ligue 1, Bundesliga, Serie A, the Prem. Who am I forgetting? La Liga Santander, right? So that's the five main leagues. Then we have Ultimate Tots for six. That'd be like the next type one. And then maybe Latin America could be somewhat hyped depending on who they boost for that. But I feel like that is gonna be economy bowl 2.0 to be honest with you. Like it's probably gonna be some of the same players. Anyway, I'm curious to see how they make this up, how they do it. And maybe they have something totally different planned and then something else they're gonna be doing. But that's what we think is gonna be happening with this loading screen and with this coming out today on foot. What can we expect from loading screens from here on out in FIFA for the next couple of days? I would expect them to maybe start to tease like the actual loading screen for what's gonna be coming next. And now my controller's dead. That's cool, nice. There we go. I would maybe expect them to maybe kind of show us start leaking or not leaking but start showing some of the statistics, start showing some of the nationalities of players that are actually gonna make it into the community or AKA most consistent team of the season. I feel like that's what they're gonna be showing us next on the loading screens. I feel like they've told us what leagues we're getting and I feel like we're gonna move on from there. So you can obviously see my menus are being super duper slow but talking about most consistent tots, right? I want to look at the prediction that Foothead has and this is interesting to me. I don't know if Foothead has the information on who voted. I would assume that they might, you know what I'm saying? Like I would assume that they might be the ones that are somehow reporting this information to FIFA. So this is their prediction, community tots prediction. I don't know if this is based off of the fan vote at all. It doesn't say anything in a lot of these, in these, the write up about the fan vote. But if you look in here, this looks like some sort of prediction that looks pretty reasonable based on the rules and for the voting. This could be our most consistent team of the season which honestly doesn't look too bad. Doesn't look too bad in here. And I feel like this is pretty average. I feel like some of the players on the bench could change. Like maybe Pepe doesn't get in, maybe Gulashi doesn't get in and maybe some of the other lower tier guys get in that we're in a major league. Cause if you look at this prediction, there's a lot of, how many prem guys? One, two, three, four, five. There's no way. Five prem guys on the bench. What? All the, all the prem guys are on the bench in the squad. Leno, Gomez, Zaha, Fernandinho, and Anderson. Interesting. Anyways, this looks to me like what could really be most consistent team of the season and how hyped does this look to you? It doesn't look bad, right? Courtois is kind of cool. Trippier is going to be an interesting card for the links. Julian Brand's going to be a pretty good card. Like more on a usable, like affordable type range. Thiago looks usable with the 80 pays. Grimoldo is going to be cool. And then, you know, Joe Gomez is probably going to be the most hype one, to be honest. Felipe Anderson, Joe Gomez, Zaha. Possibly as Musa Dembele as well. But the stuff that I've been hearing, I don't know if this is true or not. This is what I've been hearing kind of rumblings around the community. I guess you could say is that they're going to be doing weak foot and skill move upgrades for team of the season as well? That's some stuff that I heard today. I saw people talking about it on Twitter. I don't know how accurate that is or how true that is, but that would take all of this team of the season to another level. If they did that today, that'd be crazy, to be honest. If they did that. And the first thing I think about with weak foot and skill move upgrade is, let's say a guy like Salah gets in team of the season and they boost him to a five star weak foot. That's going to make a guy like St. Maximon go down a lot in price because a Salah with a five star weak foot with his statistics is just as meta, if not more meta than St. Maximon is just from a statistic standpoint. Imagine of Tat Salah, maybe 96 or 97 rated maxed out pace, probably maxed out finishing with like a plus three or plus four boost. This card would be incredible with a five star weak foot. And if they do that during team of the season, that's going to hurt some of the foot birthdays with cards that have positions where a Tots card gets a skill move, a weak foot upgrade in that same position. Does that make sense? Like if Salah right wing in the prem, St. Maximon right wing in the prem so they substitute good. St. Maximon has a lot of hype right now. So if there was something like that to happen, I do think you would see some drop in his price. Do I want you to go sell this card? No, I'm not saying this is a reason to panic or a reason to go and sell some of these cards. But I would just say be careful because that opportunity is there for a Salah to maybe come out. Because a Salah, I know this is five star, five star, but the skill moves, the weak foot is the most important thing. And I think that Salah with the five star weak foot would become a little bit more meta, at least close to meta. And a lot of people that are using the same maximum, like this is the best right mid that's playable in this version of FIFA in the state of this game and the way this game is made. You need the five star weak foot. If Salah would come out, then there'd be some competition in that position. You see him go down. So that's just a thought that I had. Let's say they put out a guy like Julian Brandt. Maybe they give him, I don't know what he's got off the bat for a card with skill moves and weak foot. I guess I can check him here in game, but Julian Brandt, what does he have? Because this could be like somebody who hurts Royce, I guess. Okay, so he's already four star, four star. A five star weak foot would be cool. I don't even think Royce has a five star weak foot to be honest, but I'm just, again, this is just purely theoretical. We don't know if it's gonna happen or not. That's just, okay, so they're both four star, four star. But that's just purely theoretical at this point and we'll see what happens when it actually comes out if that's true or not. But that's something to take note of and take condition of and just realize that if that does come, that will make some foot birthdays a lot less unique than they are right now in this game. Because if they upgrade the skill moving weak foot of more cards, that's gonna make foot birthdays a little bit less unique. We also got this SBC today, which I was pumped about this SBC when I first saw it and then I realized that it requires an inform. If they would have just made this 83 rated, keep the 80 chem, I know it's a pain in the butt, but do 83 rated squad with 80 chem and no inform, this SBC is costing you around like 15, 20,000 coins, right, maybe 25K. And right now the cheapest play, the cheapest 87s in the game are 27, 28,000 coins. According to Footbint, this SBC is 35K. Again, I think this is cool. They're giving this guy a player moments because he won the stay in play cup, which was EA's big event this week or last week, which is cool, but this is not really that usable of a card and it's an 87 rated for 35K with no links. So yeah, I don't know. I'm not a fan of this SBC. I wish they would have just made it 83 without an inform, because then you could have done it for like a discard 87. But if you wanna do this card just to try it out and then pay 5, 10K extra for an 87 rated that you'll throw into an SBC at some point, go for it I guess if you wanted to, but that was basically our content today. Again, it's kinda funny how the loading screens are basically our content now, at least mid-week. I would expect another, maybe SBC or two at some point this week. Not sure what it would be, but some SBC, they're trying to keep fodder up a little bit it seems. Fodder is still high in my opinion too. If we take a peek over here on foot bin, some of these cards need to drop more in my opinion before they're investable. 86 is again, I've been shouting 15,000 coins for these cards. I think it could happen on Friday or Saturday of this week with lightning rounds, with people opening up safe packs because it's the start of team of the season. I think you could see these cards get down to 15K at that point without any new SBCs coming out. That'd be a key. So I hope they don't put anything out that will affect the high-rated fodder because I wanna see these guys get low and have a nice little entrance point for us before they start going up and up and up during team of the season with all sorts of SBCs coming out and stuff like that. So yeah, that's my thought on the fodder right now. Trading-wise on the market right now, there are people that are buying cards. Since there's people at home, there's no content and stuff to do on this game. People are buying cards. I bought both of these salas today for right around a million coins, a million coins flat and 999 for the other one. Both of them I got around 20,000 coins a profit on after-tax. And then all of these other cards average from seven to eight K all the way up to like 20K a card after-tax. So it's some really, really nice deals on some of these which is fun. Open bids and just fluctuation trading is how I'm making some coins. I made all of these coins today looking at the market for probably an hour and a half. So an hour and a half, I probably made 50K from these two alone and then probably an average of 10K a card for the rest of these. So probably somewhere around like 150-ish K somewhere in there for the day which is a really solid day of making coins in a market time like this where it's a bit risky to trade. So just find some rare cards. You don't have to find the same ones as these. You can tell. I've been looking at a lot of cards on my transfer targets, some Inforums, some Winner Refreshes, Future Stars, Team of the Year nominees. Just look at some cards that not a lot of other people are looking at, man, right? Look at a lot of those cards. That price, oh, that's an unreal price. See, this is why bids are OP, man. This Gareth Bale sells for 560, 570,000 coins. This guy just got on bid for 500 because I was not paying attention. 291 for Martinelli is not bad. This Florenzi, I should have bought that at 145 because again, it went through at 160 but during the day, this guy sells for 160. So there are people that are buying cards. So you can definitely make some coins on the market by fluctuating, fluctuation trading with some of these higher-rated and just out-of-packs cards and open bids are your great friend. Today is Wednesday, right? And we're getting closer to the Weekend League flipping timeframe and people think the market's gonna go up on Thursday. If we don't have any announcement from EA and what they're gonna do with Weekend League rewards by then, then I still think you'll see it go up a little bit just because it's team of the season and people are gonna be on foot and people are gonna end up playing. I think we might see more of a market rise on Friday night though, instead of seeing most of it today on Thursday because if we go in and look at the Foot Champions rewards, they have not actually updated the schedule yet for the second week of Foot Champs. This is the rewards for this week. So it looks like we're not getting most consistent tots in rewards for this next set of rewards, but then for whatever is coming next, hopefully Premier League, hopefully they update the schedule on Friday or maybe even Thursday and tell us, hey, for this next week, we're gonna have team of the seasons in red picks and in your elite packs and then that is where we will be good to go and set to be looking for a nice rise in the market on cards like that and across the game on the higher tier, more meta cards in this game because again, why does it affect most of the high tier cards when they put those cards into the elite picks? Think about the people that are getting elite in the week, right? Those are the hardcore players of this game that spend a lot more money than the average Joe does most of the time or just spends a lot more time on this game, right? And they probably just have more coins from spending more time on the game. So they're gonna even more coins and they're gonna go out and splash those on more higher tier players because they can afford them.  And you have multiple people that go and do, they go and buy these cards that are out of packs that have no extra supply and that pushes their price up because there's less supply, the demand rises and the price goes higher as well. So that's why we were talking about this inflation on the market with the week in league rewards, team of the season rewards. So again, don't feel scared to trade, right? Don't feel scared to try to trade and flip cards. If you wanna make some buys today for Thursday flipping, be my guest. Just look at flipping graphs and find cards that are lower. This Kante was 120,000 coins this weekend. He's 128, so he's up 8K already. I looked at Sun, I think in yesterday's video and he was like 108. Looks like he's around the same price right now. This guy was 120 last weekend. He was 100K flat during the sell off on the weekend. And of course any out of packs cards, right? Like I was looking at KDB, all these guys that are on my transfer list, I would expect to see a little bit of an uptick at rewards just because they're rare cards, right? And some people are still wanting like waiting to buy. Some people have been told to buy their teams today on Wednesday. So you might see a bit of a rise today on the market on Wednesday of people that go in and buy some stuff. So if you're trying to flip some cards, you might actually see a decent rise today and that could be profitable or you could try to hold through rewards and sell them a little bit later. But I just wanted to talk about the market today, talk about this loading screen and just kind of chat about this because this is really nice that they give us like a schedule and they tell us the leagues that are coming out which kind of helps us prepare, get ahead and make a switch that we maybe would have done the Flashback Miranda SBC and the Flashback Hulk SBC unless they get team of the seasons, then it's a big, you know, kind of like slapping the face from EA. Hi, you wasted, you know, 350K on those SBCs combined and now they have Tots cards. So we'll see what happens with that. Hopefully you guys enjoyed the video today. Smash the thumbs up on it if you did. Comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe to the channel if you are new. Tots hype is here. It's gonna be a great one. I'm ready for these next few weeks. Hopefully enjoy it again. It's been Nate, The Foot Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace, out.