بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم صلى الله عليهك يا رسول الله وعلى أهل بيتك المضومي صلى الله عليهك يا رب الله وعلى الأرواح التي حلت بفناء عليك مني سلام الله أبدا ما بقيت وبقي الليل ولا جعله الله آخر العحد مني لزيارتك السلام على الحسين وعلى علي ابنى الحسين وعلى الحسين وعلى أصحاب الحسين جميعا ورحمة الله وبركات صلوات صلى الله عليه وسلم وعلى أهل بيتك المضومي وعلى أهل بيتك المضومي وعلى أهل بيتك المضومي وعلى أصحاب الحسين وعلى أهل بيتك seemed وعلى criticizing وعلى صغ rit وعلى إستudy وعلى أن يجب أن نست exterior وأن لن يجب أن نست everything موساحت بORY من هذه الليلة و by the blessing of the vicinity of the shrines of Ahl al-Bayt علي مصلاب و كربلا To hasten the opinions of our beloved Imam Mahdi عجل الله تعالى فرجه الشريف إن شاء الله within these two nights we will be discussing practical lessons We can learn from the life of Lady of Light فاطمة الزهراء سلام الله عليها even though her life was very short only 18 years of age and she was martyred and she was killed by the oppressors but insha'Allah we will see by covering only two aspects of her life how many lessons we can learn within our day to day life and gives us a perspective and makes us think differently إن شاء الله after these two nights The first night tonight our discussion will be about a very important aspect and very important characteristics of her life and that is defending the Imam of her time Defending Imam علي عليه السلام إن شاء الله we will mention five ways that she defended her Imam She is not defending her husband She is defending the Imam of her time علي ابن عبي طالب عليه السلام The five ways that she did what she did It's not because علي ابن عبي طالب عليه السلام is her husband and she sees it as I have to go and take the right of my husband No, she did what she did to defend the right of her Imam The Imam of her time That by itself gives us a very beautiful action item and that is for us to learn from her and apply this teaching and these five ways that she defended her Imam For us to defend the Imam of our time امام مهدي مي الله هيسطين his reappearance This is what we are going to learn And how much she sacrificed for the Imam of her time And how much are we willing to sacrifice for the Imam of our time This is what we are going to learn from her This is what we are going to draw from very small segment of her life Only probably maximum three months The last three months شاء الله for tonight and the rest will be for tomorrow We will cover more of her life But we are tonight focusing on the last three months The last three months to four months of her life So defending willaya Defending the commander of the faithful أمير المؤمنين علي ابنى بطالب عليه السلام as the Imam of her time In what way let us learn and apply it to our life Number one After the خلافة and the caliphate was usurped She comes out and she goes to the masjid Where Abu Bakr with the companions and Muhajireen and Ansar were seated She comes there one way that she defended her Imam Was through giving a sermon خطبة We have two sermons from her One خطبة الفاداكية and the second sermon A group of women from the wives of companions of Rasoolallah came to visit her Because of what happened to her They came to her and they asked her How are you doing? She gave another sermon Within these two sermons She has covered Islam and all of its teaching She has covered Quran Within the خطبة الفاداكية She brought more than 20 verses to prove her points That's the beauty of the teachings of أهل البيت عليهم السلام Where we don't find it anywhere else Other than the school of أهل البيت عليهم السلام And that's what we see Within their talk, within their narrations We see the verses of Quran one after one after one Within the sermons of الفاداكية She brings more than 20 verses of the خطبة الفاداكية And she relies on them And she brings them as a proof That see I am taking I want to defend the Imam of my time Because of these verses She's trying to awaken them with the verses of the خطبة الفاداكية Meaning number one She didn't sit home quiet One and two will be together She came out of her house To defend the Imam of her time If it wasn't for defending the Imam of her time She wouldn't come out And give lecture in the middle of the men She comes out after I really encourage brothers and sisters Tonight and tomorrow within these couple of nights of فاطمية And after the second فاطمية Where we are and before the third فاطمية The translation is there That becomes a very good action plan For us to download it You can go to alislam.org And just put sermons of فاداك It takes you about 17 minutes Let's say 20 minutes To read this sermon from the lady of light She read it from the beginning to the end What is she trying to convey to you and I And to the people We have to be very very Caution of neglecting This sermon Very beautifully recited Very beautifully said Beautiful sermon Within it Lady of light Why صلاة is واجب Why Allah made صلاة واجب Why Allah made fasting wajb Why Allah made zakat wajb All of the reasons for our أحكام It's been mentioned In it Beautiful sermon Again 17 to 20 minutes We owe to her at least to read once Her sermon So she comes out Before coming out She wears complete حجاب And the حجاب of فاطم Which becomes a role model For our sisters How should they wear their حجاب And by she covering Completely head to toe And her dress was so long That she used to step She was stepping on the dress On the جلباب That she was wearing And she was surrounded By her grandchildren And by other sisters And all the women of بني هاشم She was surrounded When she comes to the Masjid of رسول الله They place a curtain And she stands behind the curtain And she Before she starts I read Say the ذهرة Heaved a sorrowful sigh From her scorched And a grieved heart Such that all of those presented Were affected by it And began to weep She started a lecture And telling About بك To defend The Imam of her time Even though She was talking about فدك That they took from her The فدك That was given to her During the life of her father So this was not an earth This was not inheritance It was given to her During the life of her father But they say Well, one حديث About بك Narrates Which there is no other person Narrated this حديث He only heard it From رسول الله That says نحن مأاشر الأنبياء لا نورث Us prophets We don't leave inheritance behind Nobody has validated This narration Mentioned by أبا باكر By By she's By she coming to the Masjid And Reading the sermon Beautiful sermon Where the narrator Tell us when she Spoke it was as رسول الله Was speaking She lectures She's trying to take her right back فدك When the right فدك has been given back She can talk about The right to defend The right of خلافة God given خلافة To Imam Ali She can take it back And she can argue about it So she number one She comes out She doesn't sit home For us Defending the Imam of our time And the many misconceptions That are out there Have we come out Of our comfort zone Starting reading And researching And trying to answer These misconceptions About the Imam of our time And about تشيور About دين About ويلايف أمين المؤمنين علي ابنى بيطالب علي السلام Or nuts Or we are so much occupied With our day to day Activities Day to day life With our bills That needs to pay With our rents And mortgage That we need to pay That we have forgotten The religion completely That we have forgotten ويلايف أمين المؤمنين علي ابنى بيطالب علي السلام Completely That we have forgotten Imam of our time أم مهدي عجل الله عجل الله عجل الله عجل شريف Completely Bloods were shed And sacrifices were made For you and I To be the followers Of أهل البيت علي المسلام This religion That got to you And I We are responsible كلكم را وكلكم مسؤول Each and every one of us We are responsible To the sacrifice that Were made For this religion To get to you and I We are responsible for it So Action plan That we get The first action plan For us to read A Sermon of Fedek Number two Defending the religion Requires us To gain the knowledge Of the religion And coming out Of our comfort zone Using our social media Using whatever we have At our disposal To spread the Knowledge أهل البيت علي المسلام And defend The cause Of أهل البيت علي المسلام So that's first Fedek By Sheep We have An author And researcher By Deneva عبد المن أم حسن السوداني This individual He was from the non-Shia His cousin Was Shia He says That I went To the house of my cousin And we tried Not to at all debate About Shias Sunni Debates We were just cousins Relatives We had a relative talk And just a normal talk While I was in his house While he went And he was preparing tea Or dinner or something And the radio was on The radio Was on And I started hearing A person said Now I will read you the sermon I didn't know who was the sermon The sermon was read By this individual Within the radio While I was listening It touched It touched the deepest Point of my heart And I started shedding tears Of the eloquence Of this And the beauty And I was thinking There is no one No matter how much eloquence They have within their talk No matter how much knowledge They have No one can give This kind of sermon And I was just listening And I was just shedding tears After tears After tears And then By the end He said That this sermon Is by the lady of lights It was shocking I was shocked It was a surprise That Fatima Zahra Giving such a sermon When he came I couldn't hold myself We started discussing And we started on and on and on And the journey began for him And he became Shi'a And he wrote a book About Fatima Zahra Benour Fatima It's an Arabic And it's also been translated into Farsi I haven't seen unfortunately In English That the light of Fatima To Zahra By her sermon Of Fadak She guided an individual To accept the path Of أهل البيت عليهم السلام And the path of Ali Ibn Abi Talib Assalam See A sermon Given 1400 years ago But today In our era It's the cause of guidance For at least one individual That we know of There are hundreds And hundreds of thousands That have been guided By this sermon And other sermons But at least this person Wrote a book And he was a researcher And he wrote it So we talked about Two ways That Fatima To Zahra Assalamu alayha Defended the Imam Of her time Coming out of her house With the way that she came out And she gave a sermon She lectured the people That's one occasion And the other occasion As we mentioned In the beginning of our lecture That The wives of the Ansar And Muhajine Ansar came to her house Asking how she was doing And she gave another sermon She gave another sermon Which is a very strong sermon Within that sermon She is kind of For lack of a better term Fortune telling She was telling them What is happening And what will happen In the near future You neglected The Imam of the time You neglected Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam Not that he is my husband And I'm defending my husband No He is the Imam of your time I'm defending my Imam You should defend him You should follow him You should be with him Because she could see She has the knowledge In Mus'ha Fatima That she has been She has Which was passed One after one And all the news Were given to her What will happen After Rasul Allah Assalamu Alaikum She said that This animal Will give birth And Rather than Milking it milk You will milk Blood from this animal That you Let's be born Without guidance Without the path Of Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam Without the teaching Of the commander of the faith Where Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam Wait Give it a couple of decades And you will see How much bloodshed Will be there We have two schools School of Saqeefa And school of Ghadir School of Ghadir Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam His justice His tranquility His love His affection For serving others And stories Numerous Never ending stories Of the virtues Of Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam Where According to a hadith We cannot count The merits of Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam Nobody can count The merits of Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam That's the school of Ghadir That's Promotes freedom of talk Freedom of expression That is That we think about Utopia It's within that four years And nine months Of the government Of Ali ibn Abi Talib Assalam And we see What the school of Saqeefa did I'll bring a couple of examples From what the school of Saqeefa did The child that the school of Saqeefa Gave birth to What did this child do One of them Hadjaj ibn Yusuf He was the governor Of Iraq By the order of Abdul Malik ibn Marwan He died Year 95 After Hijrah So 20 years He was the governor Of Iraq So he died 95 Subtract 20 That becomes 85 75 He becomes a governor Year 10 years after Hijrah Rasool Allah died So only 60 years After the departure Of Rasool Allah Muhammad SAW Hadjaj ibn Yusuf Who calls himself Khalifatul Muslimeen The Caliph of the Muslims Who calls himself The representative Of Rasool Allah He comes and during His 20 years His Caliph Of his governor Being a governor He killed more than 120,000 Followers Of أهل البيت And Muslims 120,000 Divided by 20 years How many it will be Why? Because people let go of Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Because people did not defend The commander of the faithful Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib This is what happens to them And And And His historians He writes that When he died At age At year 95 He had more than 50,000 Prisoner In his prisons He would sit For lunchtime For example He would say I don't have any appetite To eat I don't feel I don't have any craving To eat anything Bring one of the Of Ali They will bring One young individual It's very gruesome They will bring And And he was Okay, behead him They will behead him And While the blood is gushing out He said okay Right now bring the table For the food Right now I crave For eating food Why? Because people did not come And defend Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali Says in Ghorar al-Hakam Page 422 قال Amir al-Mu'mineen Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali Ali Ali Ali Ali means Ali Ali Ali ل bukan تأتي تنقن بها لن تعال đến مستخدم جدور The School of Qadir They did not follow the school of Qadir مميز انت überall بمجانة أخر انت عبدأ الله You can risks بدأت في برونا جعمل اسماع mnie؟ دائم الؠי piano إنه يأخذ المشاهر إنه يأخذ المشاهر في中国 سامحت ما Thousands of humanos قناة علمين وغض waited قناة القناةị day بادها سا المقاه مخطار ابن استقفي مجرد من 15.000 المسلمين يموتون و بعد ذلك when مخطار يموتون 7.000 المسلمين يأتي و يتعرقون في هذه الوقت يموتون كل 7.000 المسلمين هل هذا enough؟  عدوالترين. كم how many adulteries were committed during the وقعات الحرام. That one thousand child were born out of it. Why? All of these bloodsheds why? All of these disasters why? Because they didn't follow the school of Gader. They didn't defend the Imam of their time. They didn't give their allegiance and they were not committed with Ali Ibn Abi Talib. That's what happens. The same thing for us, for you and I. Us as a Shi'a of Ali. If we don't stand up, defend the Imam of our time. And answer the misconceptions that are out there. Remove the misconceptions from our families, our relatives. Educate ourselves about the religion. Follow the path of Ahl al Bayt. Truly, not only saying well I'm the Shi'a of Ali. But I don't know anything from the narrations of Ali Ibn Abi Talib. My Akhlaq doesn't match any of the Akhlaq of Ali Ibn Abi Talib. Fatima Tu-Zahra As-Salaam. And Ahl al Bayt. What kind of follower I am? What kind of follower am I? So this is a responsibility that we have. This is what we learn from the Lady of Light. Fatima Tu-Zahra As-Salaam. So coming out. Lecturing. Spreading the knowledge of Ahl al Bayt. Informing people that Islam, the true Islam is not the Islam of Saqifah. It's Islam of Ghadir. Third. The third way that she defended her Imam. And brought attention to the Khilafah. That was usurped by the Khulafa, by Ababak and Omar and other people. Crying and mourning and shedding tears day and night. And day and night. For those who speak, who can read Arabic. A beautiful book to read. And also it's been translated in Farsi. Very important book to read. Let us read about how much she was shedding tears. One, for her losing her father. And second, when people would come and tell her Fatima, you cry a lot. Why are you crying so much? Well your father died one day, two days, three days, five days, one month, two months. Enough. She would bring attention to the oppression that befell them. From the Khilafah that they took away from her husband. Not again, I will emphasize. Not because Ali ibn Abi Talib is her husband. No, she's defending the Imam of her time. For her, Ali ibn Abi Talib is Imam. Ten husbands. And she keeps. A companion comes of the Holy Prophet. She used to come, she used to go to Uhud. To grave of Sayyid al-Shahadaa, Hamza and then come to Baqi. And she would cry. And she had her children with her. حسن عليه السلام. حسن عليه السلام. زينا بسلام الله عليها أمو قلتوم. And she would cry. A person comes and tell her, you cry a lot. Why is that you are crying? She said, well, I'm crying because of the God given right that was given to Commander the Faithful Amir of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib. Ali ibn Abi Talib, they usurped it. He said, well, why didn't he emphasize on it? Why he didn't secure his Khilaf while he was alive? Your father was alive. Why he didn't secure it? She replies. Didn't he leave any excuse after the event of Ghadir? 120,000 people gathered. He gives the last and the longest ceremony. More than two hours in the heat of the desert. He gives lecture. And then he, for three days, he makes people to pledge allegiance. Men and women to pledge allegiance with the Commander of the Faithful Amir of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib. Men would come and shake hands. Above, back and over. And the rest of the people came and they pledged allegiance with him. With the Commander of the Faithful. And the woman, they brought a curtain. And they brought a bowl. And he placed his hand on the right side. And they would come and they placed their hand on the other side. They pledged everybody pledged allegiance with the Commander of the Faithful. Is there any excuse left for people after the event of Ghadir? This is what she replied to them. Look, read the sermon of Ghadir. Beautiful sermon. There is no room for excuse for anyone after Ghadir. She is saying. That was another way. Her showing how to defend the Imam of your time. How for us, for you and I, even today, We need to defend the Commander of the Faithful Amir of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib. And the Imam of our time. It is our responsibility. How? We are discussing it. Another way. This associating from the people who usurped the caliphate And boycotting them. Came after what happened to her. After they smashed her behind the door. After they broke her ribs. After she miscarried her baby. After taking the خلافة. After taking the فدق. أبا بكر. They came to the house of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib. They knocked on the door. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib go through the door. He opened the door. They said we came here. We came to ask forgiveness from Fatima al-Zahra. He says well let me ask. Let me go ask permission. He comes to her and he says do you give permission for these two to come? He says this is your house. And I am your servant. Look at the beauty. Inshallah we will talk about it. The relationship between wife and husband. And how it should be. From the life of Ahl al-Bayt. Especially Fatima al-Zahra. And the commander of the faithful Ali ibn Abi Talib. They walk in. He convinced her to let them come in. They walk in.  They say Salamu Alaikum. She turns her face. She doesn't reply to her Salam to their Salam. What does that tell you and I? I would just say one thing. Replying to the Salam of a Muslim is wajib. That's it. You got it. Replying to the Salam of Muslim is wajib. They come on the other side. They say Salam to her again. She doesn't reply back. And then this happened again. They leave. Showing this association. From those people who took the خلافة. Away from the commander of the faithful. Amir al-Mu'mini Ali ibn Abi Talib. Again. Not that they really want the خلافة. No. She wanted for us. Because she sees what is going to happen. To the Muslim nation. If they do not give pledge of allegiance. Follow Amir al-Mu'mini Ali ibn Abi Talib. She's seeing this. She's seeing the future. She's seeing every bloodshed that will happen. By the school of Saqeefah. She's seeing this. So she want the خلافة for the commander of the faithful. Not as a favor. No. Because of the people themselves. People. Come. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib is the best option for you. The commander of the faithful will take your hand to salvation. You attain Allah's satisfaction. You will have a prosperous life in this world. And life after death. But we don't see it. We see within the verses of the Holy Quran. Also. Which is mentioned. That if people. Chapter 7 verse 96. As. What a beautiful verse. Chapter 7 verse 96. If the people of the towns, have believed an been pious. نقش الإيمان على الإمان على أمير المؤمنين也是 أمير العالمين بالتأكيد ليس ان كنا نبدأ نظام كوثوس من방urry لكنه stew لن找 نظام for فسلابaserdef وك並 إجاؤ وكان لهم جروس منطور الله الناس من هذا العالم والدنيا والأخرى والدين it's only a saliva in their mouth if they want a Deen they will take it if they don't want a Deen they won't take it so she wants people to attain salvation she wants people to have a prosperous life in this life and life after death by following the commander of the faithful but people don't listen but people won't pay attention people won't accept so this is tragic moment we see within the life of Ahl al Bayt عليهم السلام so one way this is the way she disassociate herself and boycott them also she says to أمين المؤمنة علي ابناء بيطالب علي السلام أصيك أن لا يشهد أحد جنازتي لا أريد من أحد هذه الناس who oppress me to be within my burial ceremony من هؤلاء الذين ظلموني وأخذوا حقي and they took my right I don't want them to be in my burial ceremony فأنهم عدوي they are my enemy رسول الله says أن الله يرضى للضافات ويغضب لغضبها الله is satisfied and happy when she is happy and satisfied and Allah is angry when she is angry فأنهم عدوي وعدو رسول الله let them call themselves whatever they want to call they are عدو رسول الله let them call themselves خليفة المسلمين ولا تترك أن يصلي علي أحد أحد منهم do not let any of them pray on me on my dead body don't even to that moment I want to show that I was not happy and satisfied with them I was angry at them ولا من أتبراهم واتفني في الليل إذا هدأت العيون ونامة الأبصار bury me at night time when their eyes sleep and everything calms down bury me then I don't want any of them to be there for me even to my last minute on earth even after my departure I don't want any of them to come and be and say okay we attended their burial ceremony so we have to be very careful defending the Imam of our time last but not least going to the house of Muhajireen and Ansar every night knocking on their السلام عليكم I am Fatima daughter of Rasool Allah yes daughter of Rasool Allah this is the Amir of the believers يطالب عليه السلام how can we help yes we remember didn't you pledge allegiance to Amir al-Mum yes we did don't you want to defend him yes but you know everybody accepted and we just go with the mass go with the flow do not be the one who stands opposite Imam didn't have enough companions if Imam according to hadith if Imam had 40 40 if Imam had 40 companions he would have taken his خلافة back he didn't have it and Imam of our time doesn't have 313 companions this is what we learn so lady Fatima in any way possible she showed her abomination toward the people who usurped the God given rights from Imam Ali and the enemies of lady Fatima and their defense they used absorbed and ridiculous reasoning and fabricated narrations that gives us responsibility that we have to defend the right of Ahl al-Bayt عليهم السلام that we have to be defending the right of Fatima and the Amir of the believers يطالب عليه السلام the truth must be said she went by even her grave to be hidden let us ask this question let us ask from any non-shia Rasulullah had this daughter which he our aisha narrates that Rasulullah used to kiss the hand of Fatima al-Zahra numerous occasions every time that he would see Fatima al-Zahra he would kiss the hand of Fatima al-Zahra why why this happens why her martyrdom's date is not confirmed 45 days, 70 days, 90 days why is not confirmed because these questions needs to come out the way that she cried and made people to come and ask questions and she brings them but bring attention to the Khilafa to Amir al-Mu'min Ali and to the Khilafa that was taken from him this is what our responsibility that we say her grave is hidden why ask the non-shia why the daughter of Rasulullah that the grandchildren of Rasulullah are from her why her grave is hidden let's ask this from any non-shia and see what is their reply do they have any reply this is the way that she defended even until today her sermon guides people to the path of Ahl al-Bait her grave not knowing her grave her merits her hadith her narrations all bring back to the Khilafa of Amir al-Mu'min Ali Ibn Abi Al-Ghalib insha'Allah we leave the rest for tomorrow night what else we can learn from the life of Fatima al-Zahra Assalamu ala alaikum and it's difficult and the presence of the shrine of Imam Hussain al-salam سيدة شبابة أهل الجنة reciting the Masa'ib of his mother Fatima al-Zahra Assalamu alaikum this is the first time first year for me being Fatima by having the honor of sitting in front of the shrine in front of the dome and the minaret of Aba Abdullah al-Hussain and reading the Masa'ib and the tragedy that befell Fatima al-Zahra Assalamu alaikum how difficult it was for Fatima al-Zahra Assalamu alaikum after the event of the door how difficult it was for her to come and breathe just imagine that imagine a broken rib not one not two her broken ribs every inhale and exhale how excruciating that could be we cannot imagine it we have a little bit of chest pain I remember one of my relatives he had a heart surgery done and after that heart surgery I called him he said sheikh day and night I remember Fatima al-Zahra Assalamu alaikum I told him how he said because I cannot take I mean complete and full inhale and exhale with every inhale and exhale I feel pain and that was an open heart surgery and he had comfort and he had a lot of other broken ribs one too many of her ribs were broken and she miscarried her baby and the stab by the enemy of Ahl al-Bayt and the name of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala on her face and her elbow one after one how much pain she suffered after Rasool Allah these people did not appreciate and did not honor the family of Rasool Allah the daughter of Rasool Allah the door of Rasool Allah and the house of Rasool Allah where angel Israel comes and he ask permission to enter Jibrael comes and with his wing ask permission before entering the house of Fatima al-Zahra Assalamu alaikum made the hand of the person who burns this door to be broken and cut off how difficult it was for Fatima al-Zahra day to day looking after Imam Hassan عليه السلام looking after Imam Hassan عليه السلام when she tries to tries to hide her face and her bruises from عليه السلام every time that she would Imam Ali would come she would put her head down and with her hijab she would cover her face so Ali Ibn Abi Talab won't see her face he won't see the bruises on her face how difficult it was for Ali Ibn Abi Talab to see her flower to see her wife ملting hour after hour and she had to look after the children and how she took care of the responsibility within the house and even with the broken ribs even with what she went through she still went door to door at the night defending the Imam of her time trying to bring people attention to Imam عليه السلام trying to get some companions for this oppressed one day she came after she give the ceremony she comes home and she sees أمير مؤمنين علي أبناء بيطالب عليه السلام sitting the way she say oh Ali what is it with you that you sitting the way that janeen that the baby within the womb that she it sits basically holding your your feet together and you're holding and sitting tightly together what is it with you she said that oh Ali I've heard that people in outside they don't say Salam to you Imam Ali عليه السلام said something that after he saying such statement lady فاطمة الزهراء سلام الله عليها she asked الله سبحانه وتعالى to hasten my death she said oh Fatima it's not that only they don't say Salam to me oh Fatima when I say Salam to them when I approached them with the Salam they don't say Salam back to me that was the time that she said Allah سبحانه وتعالى oh Allah take me away from these people الله الله على القوم الظالمين وسيعلموا الذين ظلموا أي من قلبين ينقلبون والاقبة للمتقين للاس ريز our hand by the blessing of Ahl al-Bayt عليهم السلام by the oppression that Ahl al-Bayt befall Ahl al-Bayt عليهم السلام by the blessing of these shrines of Ahl al-Bayt عليهم السلام the shrines of Imam Hussein عليهم السلام and the shrines of Abu al-Fadal Abbas عليهم السلام oh Allah by the blessings of the tears of Abu Abdullah al-Hussain when he was next to the body of her mother when she when he came and he came and he found out because Lady Fatima to al-Zahra when she went to the room and she told Asma come later on if called me if I didn't call if you don't if I don't reply know that I have departed this world she was there she came after a while she came and she called Fatima to al-Zahra oh my lady she didn't she didn't hear any reply she started shedding tears that was the time that Imam Hussein Imam Hussein they walked in Imam Hussein was on her chest Imam Hussein was by her feet and they were shedding tears oh Allah by those tears hasten the appearance of our beloved Imam Imam Mahdi عجل الله فرجو الشريف بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم اللهم كل ولي كالحجة ابن الحسان صلواتك علي وعلى آبائه في هذه الساعة وفي كل ساعة وليا وحافظا وقائدا وناصرة ودليلا وعينا حتى تسكنه أرضك طوعا وتمتعه فيها طويلة برحمتك يا أرحم الرحمين


Ond oeddwn ni'n cyfnwys i'r ffordd. Mae hyn o'r ffordd yn ystod y gallu ei wneud. Yr ystod ychydig lle yn ystod yma. Ond mae'r ffordd yn ystod. Mae yna'r ffordd yn ystod yma. Mae'r ffordd yn ystod. Mae'n gydig pa'r gydig. Yna'r bwysig. 500 gol. Yn ddod i'r bwysig, yna'r bwysig. Yna'r bwysig. Yna'r bwysig yn ystod. Wattages I suppose by knowing what the voltage is and what the amplitude is, we'll be able to return what the wattage is on OK, it's available Here in the lump holder there We've just got to give it some juice Turn on the LCD Set to zero Now with no load, you get, I think it's 34 volts while it's set at zero But then, as soon as you put a load on it, it's down to zero volts Which I suppose is normal So if I start going up, not three volts there Here's the turn bolt You can't see anything at the end of the bolt If I turn this off, it won't be done, will it? It's set to 40 volts The bulb is just starting to light up We've got 60 volts 160 volts 100 volts 240 volts Let's go down to 20 So it's only about 230, isn't it, lady? For the mains, so for that bulb, you've got I'm going to write it down So we've got a 231 volts and 0.1 That's for the bulb 1 Should we take that up? Take it up to 250 re-drive on much more See how high we can go 273 volts I'm going to hold it there Don't want to burn out the bulb Or just Let me look at that I've got a switch on this wire as well So I can actually just switch off this It's just nice to have that And isolation, of course it is A few seconds for this to Call if it got warm They're the A3 screw fitting bulb that I have So a connector block That's brilliant, that connector block I absolutely love that Straight to 60 volts I think that doesn't do a lot If you'd like to look, what's it like at 120? We've got 200 We're about That's using quite a bit more current Let's go to 230 with this As you can imagine I did that first time So We've got the 2 We've got the new volts 0.4107 Okay, so that's like it A bit of a 250 volts Right Let's just whip it up 273 That's pretty bright Oh, look at that down I can't hear I know there's going to be a little bit of a hum with this You can hear it like It's kind of a bit of a hum But you can't really hear anything excessive There's no Just nothing really excessive That's probably going to be a little warm Yeah, that's quite warm And then we've got this bulb This one's quite pretty It's another one like this It's like an Edison-style bulb And this one is as well An Edison-style bulb They're not really practical I bought them I bought them because I was going to use them in my solid-state coil To make them have pretty patterns But it didn't work out like that These don't actually do that These regular tungsten bulbs do It's getting a lot warmer as well Actually, this is a higher wattage This one in I'm going to block that now I like that there's enough position which is good One volt Really Two volts Three volts Four volts You can feel it just go over a winding That felt like I went over a winding I didn't go up in a voltage snail It's only going up to 80 volts Let me show you this They're pretty If I turn it up there to 120 You get to see Turn it back down again That's 120 200 volts We'll get 230 again Take a measurement A little time and touch We've got 230 Now I suppose it will be slightly different When the bulb's warmer as well What with it? I suppose it will be slightly different So 0.2663 So there's a difference in variation So in the first, second and third The first one was only drawing 1.1665 amps The second one was drawing 4.07 amps The third one, this one Drawing 0.2663 Or 2667 now We'll bring it down to 0.2663 Let's see what looks like at 0.240 A little bit over 0.258 We're still a bit wary about touching the outside of this Maybe I should get another meter and just check But I would have thought that Doing it with the mega meter type thing That it would have shown up to be a problem But I'm sure it's not I just don't trust it There we go I don't want to kill off the bulb This is quite a pretty bulb I'm not really practical I mean it's okay The local pub that I go to They've got a whole lot of these Around the bar And it does look quite nice It's probably quite expensive to run it like that But still So there we go Let me just kill the power So that's all I've got really That I can do any type of real test with I can stick a socket on the end of this And plug it back into here I mean that's basically what I'm going to do now I've got a socket And I'm going to make a connection Break one of these Break one of these open Make a connection So I've actually got something I can just Hook on to there I don't have all of the Connector, proper connectors And stuff so I'll probably just use some Some twin in a cave or something And use the blue and brown And literally just hook them over nice Into a nice shape so I can just don't hook it Take it off and hook it back on Put it back on and screw it down tight It's easy for here isn't it This isn't a commercial place for anything like that It's down to me to look out for my own safety And if I make a boo boo then You know, that's my own fault But I'm happy that this works Doesn't seem to You know, it's nothing like Spanninesses or anything like that Homes or dodginess I'm going to do something about The input part saying there Maybe do it with white again I don't have any tippets or anything So I'll have to actually buy some But it works It works The output voltage was 273 So that's pretty good 265 there but It's got the off position and zero Yeah And it cost me 55 quid in the end So that's not bad


So, interestingly during dark fights, the rate of turn is not important. But now I will show you sustained turn, okay. So, now you see the difference. So, you see that is why you want to be behind and above, instantaneous turn to avoid. Sometimes Hollywood teaches you more aeronautics than in the classroom. So, here for example, I could see that the speed came down, speed reduced. So, during air shows, you see a lot of instantaneous turns when you are trying to impress the audience about the capability. But it is important for you to be able to maintain it, it is only for show purpose. The real capability is only when you are able to maintain that particular turn rate and height as well as velocity. Okay. So, some students have sent me a message saying, can we compare some aircraft which we have along with the ones that our enemies have. So, this is a good example. We will look at the turning performance of these two aircraft. So, what do you think? Off-hand what do you think? As far as turning performance is concerned, do you think our aircraft ages is better than F-16? Let us see the numbers, okay. We cannot just go by emotions, okay, just because it is made in India. You cannot say it should be better. Let us see the numbers. So, here are the two aircraft, okay. Let us see. So, here is the graph. Now, the source of this graph is not a very authentic source. So, therefore, I do not want to say that this is perfectly correct. I have not confirmed these numbers. I do not have the data with me. But if you look at the graph, there are two types of F-16 aircraft. There is the F-16 AB, which is the previous generation of F-16. And then there is F-16 C and D, which are the modified versions. So, obviously, the ones which are modified are slightly better. They are more capable. So, the orange or the yellow line that you see, the dark line is for the F-16 CD turn rate. So, this is the modified F-16. The blue line that you see is for the LCA and the red line is for the previous version of F-16. That is F-16 AB. So, what do we notice? We notice that if you look at Mach numbers up to approximately 0.65 Mach number, the blue line is above the red line. That means the blue line is having a higher values of turn rate or higher values of G compared to the red one. Below 0.6, the F-16 AB seems to be better, having an advantage. But compared to F-16 C and D, we are consistently better. At all Mach numbers, right from 0.3 to 1, F-16 is inferior compared to stages. This is for the C level sustained horizontal turn at empty weight and no afterburner. Now, on the right hand side, you have a scale that shows you the turn rate. So, read that axis when you are looking at the dark line. The dotted line shows for the G's pulled, that you should see on the left hand side. So, you can notice that the place where we become superior, the G's pulled are much higher. We are able to pull approximately 6G at Mach number 1 as compared to only 4.8 or 5. Alright, so the parameter of the aircraft that make a big difference are wing loading. So, we have a lower wing loading, 247 kg per meter square as compared to 431 for F-16 C. So, lesser the wing loading, higher is the instantaneous turn rate. So, as far as ITR is concerned, which gives you the initial advantage of getting into a dogfight, we are far superior. In fact, our wing loading is almost double, almost half. Okay, let us look at now the sustained horizontal turn rate. This is more important, right? Sustained turn rate. So, for sustained turn rate, we have some data, F-16A we have some data. In that data, we are seeing the turn rate versus the Mach number. And the same data which we saw last time, we just superimpose there. So, the LCA outperforms F-16AV at high Mach numbers beyond 0.65 and all Mach numbers for F-16C and D. So, thrust to weight ratio is better for F-16, slightly better. But that does not, that is not the whole story. So, the sustained turn rate of F-16 is more than they just at lower Mach number. But beyond 0.65 Mach numbers our aircraft dominate. And interestingly, most dogfights take place only at Mach numbers beyond 0.65, approximately at transonic Mach numbers normally. So, at Mach number less than 0.65, both are equal, roughly equal. Above that, our aircraft is far superior. But remember one thing, you cannot take this and say therefore it will always win. Because winning in a war or winning in a combat is a function of pilot skill. It is a function of the initial positions and also on the actual aircraft specs. So, if you look purely from the aircraft point of view, if you remove the pilot from the equation and if you remove some advantages which may be there because of the initial engagement, then our aircraft is superior. See, it all depends now. If our pilots are also superior, then they have a superior aircraft with better skills, they will always win. The last thing that we discussed about turning flight is turning in a vertical plane. Now, in the vertical plane, basically it is only for not for transports. It is meant only for aerobatic and commuter aircraft. But also, they also only when they indulge in some maneuvers. Let us see some maneuvers. This is a vertical plane, almost vertical, perfectly vertical, in fact now inverted. So, it is only for these kind of situations that we are going to now look at vertical flight. And obviously during takeoff and landing, you need to do this. Every aircraft does it, although not so dramatically. But you need to actually go into a vertical plane turn when you go for a takeoff. So, there are many positions which the aircraft can be. Let us say in the bottom of the turn, you will have thrust in the forward direction, weight below, lift up. So, in this, T will be equal to D because you are horizontal. But lift will be equal to weight, okay, lift minus W, sorry, so the excess lift L minus W will be equal to the force required to go into a vertical plane, that is WV square by Gr. When you move to this condition, now your nose is pointing vertically upwards. So, now thrust will be equal to weight if you want to go vertically up. But you are into a turn, so there is a lift force which is trying to make you go inside the circle. So, here T minus D will be equal to W and L will be equal to WV square by Gr. Here now you are inverted, so again horizontal, so T equal to D, so T minus D equal to 0. But L plus W, both will give you the acceleration and therefore you come inside. So, now if this is the case, what happens at the final position or in the, what is it called as the 3 o'clock position, so here the T minus D plus W is 0 which means T plus W thrust and weight equal to drag and lift will be equal to the centrifugal force. So, you can see the lift keeps on changing, the thrust keeps on changing. So, to fly in this particular condition continuously at a constant speed is not very easy. You need a coordination between the throttle and also the control surfaces, okay. So in general if there is an angle, you can use this formula for angle, so cos gamma will go from 0 to 360, okay. So what is a pull-up maneuver? Pull-up maneuver basically is a maneuver in which you pull yourself up from a horizontal line, this is a tight pull-up, going to a tight pull-up, this is a tight pull-up, okay.  So the forces can be balanced, the force acting would be lift minus weight and that will be equal to m v square by r, it is like the turning flight, so the same formulae, only thing is the plane has now changed from horizontal to vertical, so formulae are the same.  So let us see one more short video about a dive pull-out, so dive pull-out is a part of descending flight. So the angle of attack is going to decrease and the speed is going to increase because they are related you know. Thank you. Thank you. Bye. Bye. Bye. Bye. Bye.


Everyone, welcome back to another Apple's NTR's vlog. Today is Wednesday, October 18th. And I thought I would just do a little day in the life vlog for you guys. It is 7 o' seven, Cash and I just got to school and we're just doing our morning routine, which is Cash turns on the TV and gets everything turned on for me, logged in and work at the computer to get things done. Whether it's getting slides ready for the day or like today, I have a small, I have a small to do list of finishing up a little bit of grading and then grabbing a couple of forms. If you guys are not following me on Instagram, then you don't know already, but I am pregnant with my second child. We are almost 18 weeks pregnant. And so that is partly why I have not been vlogging. I just have not had the energy to A vlog and B sit and edit. So it's been kind of a whirlwind. Being pregnant with a five year old is a little bit different than being pregnant with no child at all. So it's been a little bit of an adjustment, but we're doing really good. I feel really good. I'll do a whole video on being pregnant as a teacher probably next. And I won't go into details, but like I'm okay. I'm feeling good and I'm chugging along. So today begins the first day of my energy unit, which is going to be our unit for science this quarter. And I have really mixed emotions and feelings about how I'm gonna deliver this because the last three years that I've taught, I have done, I've used mystery science to teach about energy. And this year, I really wanted to dig into my district science curriculum, which is inspire science. But the problem is because we live in Arizona. So anyway, the problem with Arizona is that Arizona likes to do their own thing. And I don't understand why because Arizona is like one of the like saddest in education, but yet we have all of our own like standards. So the curriculum that we use is supposed to be geared toward Arizona, but the fourth grade curriculum is missing a lot of stuff that is actually found in the third grade curriculum. These lessons take a really long time to deliver like three, four, five days at a time. And I just don't think it's gonna be feasible to use this with fidelity when I only have like four to five weeks to get the three energy physical science standards mastered. So what I might do is use this, a combination of this, my own thing and mystery science generation genius to create a unit of energy that will best fit my students' learning styles and meet their needs. So it's gonna be kind of a weird learning curve. I do have my formal observation next week, like a week from today. And right now I have no idea what I'm doing for that lesson. I would like to tell you that there's a lesson plan that will be produced quickly, but that would be fibbing. I honestly don't know. I wanna see how the rest of this week goes using Inspire Science, see if it even like sparks curiosity if it gets the kids going anywhere. And if it does, great, I'll use it for my observation, but if not, then I'm gonna abandon ship and I'm gonna do my own thing, maybe use a couple of elements from it, but then like completely revamp and do something of my own, either that or I was talking to my teammate. And she said, she was like, no, she's like, let them see what a lesson looks like in a classroom, using the curriculum, let it tank, and then on the next one, do your own thing and then show them what you can really do and it will show how different like a science lesson could be using the different deliveries. So I kind of like that idea. I'm gonna ask my principal, what he thinks about it, because I don't feel like the curriculum, the way I'm gonna use it is really gonna like fit the way that I deliver science. I don't know, we'll see. I'm gonna use it this week. And like I said, on Monday, when I start writing my lesson plan for that, I'll kind of decide by Monday how it's gonna go, because I'll have done like almost a whole lesson or maybe like half a lesson. So I'll be able to kind of tell. All right, so in our district, we do things called grow sheets and they look like this and we complete them. Let's see, three, five times. Ooh, that's not me at all. We do it five times. And it's just where we report like their test scores, which I've never been a huge fan of like testing, standardized testing. Like I just don't really think that it really measures what the kids are capable of or what they can do. So it's not really at my alley, but it is something that we do in our district. So of course I'm gonna follow along and do what I need to do. But I did need to fill these out for every single one of my homeroom students. And so I did that already. Report cards go home Friday, so I have to have them stuffed in these envelopes and ready to go by Thursday evening. And I still have a little bit of grading to do. My students just turned in their Native American projects, which are like the slideshow and the dioramas. I'll show you guys a couple of them in a second. But I'm still having some projects trickling in. So I am taking the time to grade them. I'm almost done. I think I have like maybe 10 that I haven't graded yet and they don't take very long to grade. So anyway, I'm gonna do this. I think my slides are ready for tomorrow or for today. Let's see, yes. So I'll show you. So my last video was all about my daily slides, but I did tweak them a little bit. I have a to-do list before the bell, after the bell, and then a place for announcements. So their morning to-do list is to check their email, update their planner if they need, and then they have a certain listen to work on. And then after the bell, they're going to open up their curriculum. They're gonna open their science notebooks and we're gonna be filling those out. This is my homerooms slide. And then the other two classes see it this version because it's just this covers like my morning hype that I do with my home room every day. And then this one just includes like a morning, like a daily hype, which is where we share good things or we do like a would you rather. I actually need to pick one of these. I think I might do choose a side just to get the kids up and moving around today. So we'll probably just do that. So I'm gonna fix this. And then I also been using classroom screen a lot for my other blocks like my wind block, which is like our, it's like our intervention time. I have the high group, so we've been reading the book holes. And then also for my fluency block, which is like a 20 minute math fluency block. And so I've been using classroom screen for those because these slides don't really change every day, whereas these do. So anyway, I've been kind of like nixing these. Just cause I don't think I really need them. So anyway, life as a teacher kid. All right, I'm gonna show you guys some of these dioramas. These are buffalo. How cute is that? I love this one. They always turn out so cute. I just love it. So anyway, kids are gonna be coming in in about 15 minutes. I'm gonna get some work done and then I'll catch up with you guys in a minute. Okay, so I wanted to share something that I always do. And it really, really helps with parent involvement as far as communication goes. So our entire school uses class dojo, which I have used for years and absolutely love it. But our whole school is on board and it's great because every single parent knows what it is and knows how it works. So something I always do when I send a message out on class dojo is I always embed a secret word and I always ask the parents to tell me the secret word or send me a specific emoji and then their child gets an extra five points. And that's just a way for them to respond to my email so that I know they've seen it and then obviously it promotes like their children getting rewarded. And the kids know that they get these five points when I send out a message and their parents respond. So it helps them to keep their parents accountable for reading messages and communicating back with their teachers. So just a little hot tip for you. We did what's called the encounter the phenomena, which is really just like a space for making observations, thinking through ideas and asking questions. So if I can get to the first lesson of like the first day of the next lesson for my observation, I think I'll be okay because it's really just like making observations, asking questions, really just in an introduction lesson, I think that I'll be okay. And I think if I use the curriculum to use like these encounters and pre-module tests, then I can wiggle around using the curriculum, but also adding my own stuff. So I think I might try to do that. So what I'm gonna do is look through my planner, attempt to make like a plan and see if I can land on starting a new lesson on the day of my observation. I think I'll be okay. So lesson one starts tomorrow. It'll go through if I can get it done by Tuesday, then I can either do that. I don't know, it's gonna be tough because these lessons are long. So I think I'm gonna just wait till Monday, like I said earlier, see where I can get by Monday. And if not, then I'll just go with it and let him see what it really looks like. And then we can discuss maybe not using it because they've already given me permission, like use the curriculum as best you can, but you can also supplement with whatever you feel is best. So that's really good that they're giving me the opportunity to do that and not forcing me to use it because I think they know that it's not like the most wonderful of curriculums out there. It's just not very user-friendly. It doesn't cover everything, but at least I'm using it. So anyway, I'm gonna just continue with that. I do need to get my hands on some materials before Friday. I need cups, which I have. I need balloons. I think I have enough of those. I might have to get more and then pom poms. I think I'm gonna push out a quick sign-up genius to see if I can get a couple from families. I might just order it on Amazon myself this time and then push out for the next one for families because they do a pretty good job getting me the things that I need quickly. So, oh, this is really cheap. It's like $6, add to cart. And I think I have an Amazon gift card right here from PTA. So I'm just gonna use that, balloons. And then I've got everything for the first one and then I can push out a request for the next one. Okay, so it's much later in the afternoon and we're at soccer practice. The day was good. I got through all of the lessons with all three classes. I had one class not finish the pre-test because there were a lot of disruptions, so we'll have to do that for a warm-up tomorrow. But overall, I didn't hate the curriculum, but it was only the first day. So we'll see how it goes. I did get my supplies ordered for the first activity, which will be good. And we're gonna see, we're gonna see how it goes. So anyway, here's cash. He does not have a gear on. I do have a little bit of a headache. I don't think I drank enough water today. So I'm going to chug this and try to get through the rest of the day. So thank you guys so so much for watching. I hope you enjoyed today's vlog and don't forget to follow me on my socials and I'll see you in the next one. Bye guys.


I was out at the Grand Canyon a few years ago, and I was standing behind the fence there, and I was talking to a very nice and knowledgeable ranger about the history of mining at the place, and we were looking at those incomparable cliffs, and, you know, there's sort of a cliff of limestone and a slope of shale and a cliff of sandstone and another slope, and so on on down to the river, sitting way down below some place like that. And while we were standing there talking, this gentleman walked up, and he asked us why the river had gotten narrower, and we gave him a confused look, and he said, well, the river down there is very narrow, but if you try to look all the way across to the North Rim, which is way the heck over there, what you see is, in fact, that the top is very broad, so he sort of figured that the river had been wide, and then it had gotten narrow. Now, right beyond the fence there was a bit of a crack down into the cliff-forming rock there, and I asked him whether he would have any interest in going out beyond that crack and taking a jackhammer and starting to work on it, and he offered the opinion that eventually it would break off, when it broke off, that he would end up somewhere down the slope with a big rock on top of him, and that that would not be a good thing to do. Well, then I asked him if he looked across the canyon, did he see places where a lot of rocks had piled up that looked like they had fallen off of the cliff, and he said, well, yeah, I do, and that one fell, and this was a bright person. He immediately got it. He says, oh, what happens then is that the river must cut down, and once the river has cut down some, then slope processes, mass wasting, is going to widen it, and in particular what happens is that the shales, the slope formers cut down, and that makes the cliffs higher, and as the cliffs get really high, they tend to fail and blocks fall off, and so that after a while you look at it and you find that the canyon sort of has the same shape that it used to, but it's gotten wider as well as getting deeper as the river cuts down.


pelea tera, that was like you know it travelled 100 km a day and I'm able to meet with few people only. Now we have entire padyatra from Kashmir or if you take for Kanyakumari to this three days padyatra. So everyone people are coming from their houses and happily welcoming all the padyatis and they are showing their love and affection towards Fauzi Sanda L efter buddies she also told what come what may travel all this 11th and letter Grand Prix of one fifty days until it is been wonderful thing and trying to Unite all this people together by doing this Pad Saya what you are able to meet, greet and get the love and affection. 4. My objective is to support this journey. I'd like to invite you to watch the part of the journey should a human being develop strength, whether it's happiness or hunger. Only people should watch the journey so that it won't después fall backACE mom. When the provincial minister wins the job, if he gain the possibility to gather leaders and social evenly across the country, ররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররররর Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai Jai ्प्टट्र्ह कि नाने पचर牌 than ekonomi har after 4 er Shraanga । jáan lualan । taan utha naata भारज़ोडे आत्रा है, में दोक्र हूँ, में कुज मेद्सिन्स भी लेक्रा ही हूँ, राहूंजी के लिए, अजा यात्रे हूँ के लिए, वुरके अब तक तो पाव में चाले भी पड़गे है, बहुँज यात्रे हूँ को, मेरे तरब से चोड़ा सा, चोड़ा सा, कुँ� बगा, वुरके, शे में, भी अप वंशा टर्वेग, आप और श्परते यादे बसाली कि सा, काया, जो आप पी है द्राहूंजी खोन चाला ओच्र में, वान भारक्छे लेक्रा, वुरके आजगा, तो विश्र नहीं छोड़ा, J Guys, Watch this przependo primera dupe bravid Stella Stella Love Monika Bridgeії Kurtweraiantly Mirlig而且 Amol So Can you walk into the Prime Minister's office? Can you just walk in there and say, listen This laws causing me a problem Get rid of it Can you do it? Yeah So So Point and making is these businesses you will find these guys make the laws and they are crushing you guys. 3-4-5 businesses that have a partnership with the political system that are concentrating their power massively. Can any of you walk into parliament? You can't. Do any of you control politicians? You don't. Do any of you provide large amount of funding to political parties? You don't. That's the red tape problem. Today in India, the RSS decides which bureaucrat goes where. Well, the design of the congress is completely different than the design of the BJP. The congress itself is a decentralized system. So, we actually cannot concentrate power the way the BJP. Even if we want, we can't concentrate power. Our design, our DNA is decentralized. That's how Mahatma Gandhi built the party. Data today is much like oil wars 50, 60, 70 years ago. As a country, we don't have a strategic view on data. We are currently involved in handing our data out to whoever wants to take it. We have to think about data as a strategic resource and we have to have a strategy for it. Coming from Andhra Pradesh, walking with our leader, Sri Ramul Gandhi, to unite India. From past eight years, Prime Minister Modiji and Chief Minister Jagan Reddy are cheating the five gross people of Andhra Pradesh. All the youth are jobless and that there is no safety for the women of Andhra Pradesh. We have been sacrificed our lives and many people have died. We are not allowed to speak within the state or we are not allowed to raise our voice anyway. I have joined this Padayatra to assure the people of Andhra Pradesh and recently I had a conversation with Rahulji also. He said, I am with the people of Andhra Pradesh. Don't worry, we will save Andhra Pradesh. Andhra Pradesh. And she is new or she is... Is this the group of friends or are there more friends? Yes, there are four. But this is their main group. So you are five. What do you want to drink? We want Sharjah shake. Don't be shy. I am your brother. How do you know someone is good teacher? She is a good company. She is a good friend. She is a friend. What do they want to do when they are big? Nursing. Nursing, nursing. Why are Kerala nurses so good? Everybody says Kerala nurses are very good. And where do you want to work? Korea. Korea? Nice. Why Korea? We are BTS Army. What do you think about Korean music? We don't know what kind of music they are singing. We are not saying that we will see. We are saying that when we know that we have a brother, we call him and ask him to shake. We are very happy to see him. We are very excited. We can see that his father has risks his life to give him his education. We are not ready to accept that you will work, you will risk. And then your children will not get a job. 5 or 10 people are making all the money in this country. And the large majority of Indian people can get nothing. They control what India listens to what India sees. Have you ever seen a program about the risks that fishermen take to go into the sea? Have you ever seen a program showing how difficult it is for you to live? Not just fishermen, coir workers, cashew farmers. Everybody who is being attacked in this manner has to organize much better. This is the reason we are doing this here. For you. Actually, I have two issues. The first one is the lack of support from the government for our fishermen, the students for the higher education studies. The second one is under employment. Under employment is under employment. These are the two issues I raise in the record. It's a great vision about the EU. We are very happy to be part of the Congress of India. Because the people who are sitting in this power, the Congress is enough to get rid of them. It's expensive, it's unemployment, it's divide and rule. Like the British used to do, these people do it today. When the Congress used to get a cylinder for 400 rupees, it used to get a petrol for 60 rupees, and it's so expensive today, you can see it all. It was said to the North-Bandhi, that terrorism will be over. All the black money from North-Bandhi will come back. When will the black money come? People are fighting with each other on the basis of religion or caste. Some people, maybe like Adani, are getting a lot of undue attention. That is not good for an economy. Bharat Jode Yatra is a very potential Yatra. I am a doctor. I am also taking some medicines. For Mr. Harahun, I am travelling like this. I have been travelling a lot in my form. From my side, a small contribution. All of you, to participate in Bharat Jode Yatra, if you ask for a duva from your heart, that is enough for the Congress, for Mr. Rahul. Dear Mr. Rahul, I am very happy to be a part of your work. I am proud of you. The practices of this area, and the people who are farming in this area have unique skills and capabilities. These skills are, of course, of historical importance. Sir, in Aleppo, cultivation is done below sea level. Because it is a unique farming system. Our forefathers have developed. Silt is a blessing, which increases productivity of soil. But it becomes a curse, when it do not allow water to go into the sea. I am sure that all the farmers will tell the problem that they face. The problem of saline infiltration, the climate change issue, very serious. The land is sinking. Professor Swaminathan's house is in needy water. Our problem is in the flood. If we do not manage it properly, nothing will happen in Kuttanath. I would like to thank all of you for coming here today. Dear brothers and sisters, this is a history full of history. India is the fastest, and it is the worst of many. The countries that have not met, today's national congress is Raghul Gandhi. It is a great responsibility of the people of Chakravalam. It is a great responsibility of the people of Chakravalam. We have taken it. That responsibility is the last journey of Kanyakumar. For thousands and tens of thousands, we have accepted the blessings of the brothers and sisters. The people of our beloved country, the people of India, the people of our country, Raghul Gandhi, the people of India, the people of India, The people of India, the people of India, they believe in this land and worship it. They like this land and serve it. They people understand India is the center of people's Dingen. They appreciate everything and are using it as an document to Jai Hind. Rajasthan Mukhyamandri, Amukhevarakum Priyankarnaya, Sri Ashok Erodji, I samayalathil pangadukundu, Bharadjodu Yathrayil, Adhyayam Uchagishasam Yavulji Odapam, Javankarayil nanda, Nadanana, Ithicharanarikundu, Samayalathya Abhi Bhadinchi Yuvan, Jalasthan Mukhyamandri, Sri Ashok Erodne Yashadikundu, I would like to request Sri Ashok Erodji to address this gathering.  Ina, Nengde elabira de hs mistaken toldhe, Nengenni dilengana Pracnebam, Nengenni dilengana Valshalyabam, Nengenni dilengana Adhammayy a, Adha khat re nahalaka netalistsna pip10aiy gunta, Congress leaders, workers in the crowd, brothers and sisters in the crowd, friends from the media, I would like to welcome you here and thank you for giving us your full support. I have been wanting to say certain things to the trader community, many of whom live here and work here. And I am happy that today I am going to get an opportunity to speak in a little bit of detail about what is happening to traders here in Kerala and across the country. And my comments are mainly targeted towards small and medium traders who are the backbone of India's economy. And of course I am also going to speak about the ideas behind the Bharat Jodo Yatra and what exactly we are trying to communicate with this padhyatra. But before I start, I would like to remember two giants who showed Kerala and also India the path forward. So the first person I would like to remember is Panampalli Govindamananjee. Who was the ex-chief minister and also the railway minister. And the second person I would like to remember is K. Karunakaranjee, the ex-chief. It is important to remember these leaders because they showed Kerala and also India the way forward at a difficult time. And so today if we see the landscape of our country, a country that was known for harmony, for compassion and for humility, we see a country which is full of hatred, anger and arrogance. And so today if we see a country which is full of love, humility and humility, we see a country which is full of hatred and arrogance. Hatred is not the nature of the Indian people. Anger is not the nature of the Indian people. And so our people are compassionate, loving and humble. But we have a government that is intent on destroying this harmony, on spreading hatred, and anger. Every word spoken by the Prime Minister of India is designed to divide the country and hurt the sentiments of someone or the other. We have the highest rate of unemployment we have had in 70 years. We have the highest prices we have had in decades. Our people are drowning in debt, in high prices and unemployment. India's debt increased from 50 lakh crores in 2014 when the UPA left to 139 lakh crores in 2022. And if you calculate the debt per capita, per person, then each person owes 1 lakh rupees. And if you calculate the debt per capita, per person, then each person owes 1 lakh rupees. And if you calculate the debt per capita, per person, then each person owes 1 lakh rupees. So on one hand you have an environment of hatred and anger, on the other hand you have huge unemployment, massive increases in prices, and the people of India, millions and millions of people are getting squeezed between these forces. India has the second richest man in the world. And India also has millions and millions and millions of people who cannot get themselves a job. These are some of the ideas behind the Bharat Jodo Yatra. The first message is, we will not allow India to be divided, we will not allow India to be full of hatred, we will not allow India to be violent. The second message is that we will not accept in India where we have the second richest person in the world and then we have millions and millions of our people, youngsters who cannot aspire to get a job. And the third message is we will not accept in India where prices are strangling our population. These are the ideas behind the Bharat Jodo Yatra. Now I would like to address the traders who are here in the crowd and live in the city and in Kerala and the rest of the country. The first thing that you have to understand and realize is that you are the job creators of this country. Thousands, millions of small and medium businesses, traders, shopkeepers, restaurant owners, these are the people who give India jobs. You sacrifice your lives to give India employment, you never forget that. Now you understand money very well better than anybody else. And you know that money is like water. Water can become ice, it can become steam, it can become water, it can change form but it never disappears. In the same way money can change form but it does not disappear. If it has been taken out of your pocket, it is going into somebody else's pocket. So the question you have to ask yourself, when you see rising prices, when you see a rise in the price of petrol that you need to run your business, you have to ask yourself where is the money going. And now let me give you a few examples of what has been done to you. And I will also explain why it is being done to you. Many people think that demonetization was a mistake committed by the Prime Minister. Many people think that he didn't really understand the consequences of demonetization. Many people think that demonetization was a mistake committed by the Prime Minister. Brothers and sisters, this is not the truth. The Prime Minister understood exactly what demonetization was supposed to do. Demonetization was a financial attack on India's traders.  Mr.  And the result of demonetization was there for everybody to see. Millions of Indian small and medium businesses were wiped out. The Prime Minister did not stop there. He then designed a GST. That was again designed to break the back of all of you small and medium traders. What was the idea? The idea was to have five complicated taxes. It forced you to spend your time filing for GST month after month after month. To put pressure on you, to harass you, brothers and sisters, please think about this. You know how demonetization and GST harmed small and medium traders. You know how it harmed the gold traders in the city.  Brothers and sisters, do you think GST and demonetization harmed the biggest businesses in this country? Do you think they had a problem of cash flow? Do you think it cost them to fill a GST form every month? No brothers and sisters, demonetization and GST were designed to remove you from the way. To destroy your businesses and open the way for the biggest businesses in the country. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You do not control the television channels. You cannot control the narrative in the country. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is. You know how it is.


Okay folks, good afternoon update for TFNN mid-afternoon. We've got the Fed coming out here at two o'clock and it'll be Mr. Powell himself speaking. What I've done here folks, I posted the chart of the E-mini S&P over the last five days here and I've had a system that I've been using since they started trading that thing back in April of April 16th of 1982. There's 13 steps that you need to really look at this closely and I posted this ahead of time. So that first target up there at 14, excuse me, 4417 was posted first and then later today when we had the three higher bottoms, as you can see there that means that the market could get all the way up to that 426 level, 4,000 and 26 level with Mr. Powell speaking. Of course any move now below the secondary point there at 4389 would say that this market has made some type of a small ABCD top up here but it's still a little bit early in the day especially with the Fed out there and it usually gets very, very active and that's the key to look at. These actually, these principles could be used for just about anything but they were made for the S&P. I was at the Merck and they asked me to teach some of the young traders coming up and so these were some of the things that I focused on you know with a little rudimentary tools that I had back then and these are the same ones I got today folks and I haven't changed them at all. You know why? They still work. The good part is they don't work all the time because if they worked all the time everybody would see this but they work most of the time. The $64,000 question that's everybody asking me today has gold made a bottom. We had an order to buy it today at 1945. We got down to 1948. We've rallied $26 folks off the bottom and I have to say that we have to wait. There's still a possibility to get down there. Gold is very tricky and that number is really, really big. Now $3 is very, very close. I've kicked myself today. Why didn't I buy it at 52, 54, 56 or 60? I was waiting for a 382 retracement that never came and so I sat here with this little beautiful white wedding dove flying away with the profits that I could have made. Let's take a break. We're going to be right back. Rich Anderson is our guest today,<PHONE_NUMBER>.


Hi everyone happy Friday. I'm Joe for jaspercasebreaks.com coming at you with 2020 panini immaculate football just dropped today brand new release six box Pick your team five coming at you big. Thanks to all of these wonderful people here Spending a bit of your Friday night with us. I appreciate that you guys a lot of entertainment options And I'm glad you're choosing us for a little bit at least. Thank you. There's Alex with last spot mojo Kansas City chiefs. There's everybody else. Thanks everyone for getting in. Here's the fresh case right here All right, let's pop this baby open Let's see what we got Thanks everyone for getting in we've got another case sold out already We've been able to sell out all of these cases without filler. So thank you very much everybody. Let's keep that going So this is break five break six is already sold out break seven I think is only a few teams away three or four teams away, and I think break eight Just got into single digits So if we dig deep I Think we'll be able to accomplish the rest of those immaculate breaks without Without a filler the old-fashioned way, which would be pretty cool All right, so you can see the boxes on the top camera right there Good luck. How much is an immaculate case like in boxes? I don't know probably eight nine ten thousand dollars a box maybe twelve thousand dollars a box or something like that, so You're thinking boy the price I paid seems awfully low. You get the best deals at Jaspies All right box number one 30 out of 60 Jerry Rice Raiders edition Nick's giving you the real answers There's a 30 out of 60 Six boxes Six bucks in the case you can count boxes right here and the first box right there how much first spot This was Corey. This was a pick your team break So all the teams were different prices depending on the quantity and quality of hits that you can potentially pull JK Dobbins to 49 that'll be for Nico and the Ravens Yeah, everything's everything's okay now Ryan as thanks for asking I mean, it's hard to give you an example Heath You could be anywhere as low as like $60 and as much as $600 so it really just depends on the team and The potential of polls you can get out of here, too three out of ten drew a lock Looks like a piece of his helmet. I think this might be too thick for Top-loader So a piece of drew locks helmet going to my rivals Denver Kurt with that one Nice patch nice autograph 14 out of 25 Chicago Bears Stephen Wright. There are some sort of Wright brothers anniversary lately There's Joe Thysman 31 out of 49 Jersey and Silver Inc autograph right on the eye black there Going to Derwent in the Washington football team nice and we've got a Denzel Mims here I kind of like this little squirrel design they have going on this year 12 out of 99 Denzel Mims Jersey and on-card autograph for the Jets mark the set Denzel Mims is a pretty interesting cat. I think with With a decent once they build an offense. I Feel like he could be a sneaky good good candidate here There's been a couple Ryan s We pulled a couple but uh nothing nothing low like no nothing low numbered though So it's not like we pulled an NFL shield hurts But we have seen some Jalen hurts autographs and a one-of-one pigskin relic But no ink on that one The ball that I'm assuming he threw around for a bit. All right, and we have a T1 Yeah, but generally we'll see a blockchain card or two and may and usually a redemption or two in a case I mean hopefully no redemptions, but Zoldell Beckham jr. To 60 that'll be for the Browns Adam We've got Thurman Thomas Buffalo Bills big relic there 33 out of 49 Oliver Soria with the bills Buffalo gold Those of you who know that machine Whoa and Micah hide for the bills one of one Nike swoosh look at all that's got to be game used Look at that game worn used material Oliver Soria with the Buffalo bills that's nice There you go Oliver Do it with me all aboard the big hit express That for picture time I'll set that over here We've got 67 out of 99 Cole Comet Bears Stephen Wright out of fives and under get the train whistle folks Chase chase the train whistles. Hey, there's Jim Plunkett old Raider 32 out of 50 Who's got my raiders that is for Jerry Bennington who's got the silver and black and the last one here is 14 out of 25 Levisca Chanel junior Jersey and on card autograph that will go to Alifonzo with the Jaguar's all right. That was box two. Here's box three Bit of a shallow box here. That's usually means redemption. Yeah, there's a redemption on the bottom there We use that blank card to hide hits and we've got nine out of 90 Emmett Smith cardinal edition. I think Nick Sanders was pointing out Nick was at you Nick. I think Nick was saying it seems like a lot of the base cards are Of the players on the team they played the lease with Which I kind of like, you know, it's interesting So I started to notice that too. Oh Look at that Dallas Goddard.  That's only out of 10 So are the other nine cards? Will that make the entire eagle? That'd be pretty cool. Paul Townsend with the fly Eagles fly Dwayne Haskins 30 out of 49 three-color passion autograph Derwin with the Washington football team 28 out of 86 Michael Pittman, Jr. It's pretty nice. That is for the blue horseshoes Kurt got a triple relic and autograph players collection triple relic and auto Andre Johnson, I feel like we've seen a few Andre Johnson's in our cases 21-25 feel like pretty underrated Feel like we got a we got a look at look watch the go to YouTube watch the highlights at his prime He was pretty strong That goes to King D and the King D is a Texans fan. He remembers All right. Hey, there you go Ryan. No worries, man All right, and rookie patch autographs gold that goes to Daniel and Dallas CD lamb You know Jeremy, that's a good question. I don't think so I Feel like people would would be covering that up if that was the if they if it needed to be But I think there's something there's like a silver thing you have to scratch on those blockchain cards So I think that's where the key is Neptune's as he is flawless. Thanks. We is there a flawless release. I don't think so Think transcendent was supposed to be but they might have moved transcendent We haven't seen a blockchain card yet, but as soon as we see when we can take a look No blockchain here. So maybe if we see one here, we can take a look at that card 40 out of 60 Joe Montana. This is Niners edition of Joe Montana Although I guess they should have put them in chiefs gear The way some of these base cards have been looking We've got a nice big patch right here 13 out of 20 Cooper cup nice one for Kurt and the Rams There's 79 out of 99 two-color patch autographs the bills keep on coming all over with the bills They're gonna have to run out at some point nice Devin singletary. I love this design to KJ. Hamler 1232 out of 199 Can't even read today 32 out of 99 Silver ink autograph two-color patch for my rivals of the Broncos Kurt dissert another one of those cards right here It's Alvin Camara. Wow 8 out of 10 you got a piece of their logo the floor to Lee right there Neon blue against it's almost like a metallic neon blue against the black The eye black looks pretty sharp. That is for Michael Coolman with this cool hit pretty sharp, huh? We got AJ Dylan 60 out of 99 Jersey and autograph rookie patch and auto to 99 Guess what some would consider a true RPA. All right two more boxes to go ladies and gents There is a blockchain card here. So, yeah, I there's really no other code on here Jeremy, you know, what was your question again? it was Covered the part of the card with the code in the picture. Yeah. Well, this should never be Scratched off when you're buying any any redemption like this That goes to the Jags by the way. So if that code is showing then Don't buy it. It's probably been redeemed already But when selling there's really nothing to there's nothing to cover on this on this card Which they should do points like this too, by the way Well, blockchain is just a digital only card These redemptions you get the actual card. That's the big difference Jacksonville blockchain card going to Aliphanzo by the way 44 out of 60 Randy Moss Vikings edition going to David. We got Devin McCordy Patriots That's 20 out of 25 for Victor and the Pats Big old patch for Josh Allen 11 out of 25 Like the stripes right there too, Oliver with the bills There you go. Imagine pulling the blockchain Herber thing. It's real. Well It's pretty clear that's blocked. I don't think anyone's gonna be fooled that it's the real thing We got Leighton Vanderesh 94 out of 99 and believe it or not those blockchain cards Especially for someone like Herbert they can resell for a lot of money Yeah, for selling as long as no one scratched that silver off of the blockchain It'd be impossible to scan It'd be impossible to scan the code, but if someone is trying to sell something scratched off Don't be be wary of that We've got Thai law the long arm of the law 19 out of 50 Silver ink on the eye black That'll be going out to Victor once again and the Pats These eye black autographs are pretty sharp and back here is there. He is two color patch and autograph to a Tungo by Loa 99 out of 99 Wow that's Roy Roy with the dolphins bought the dolphins straight up to us squaring off against Mariota next week Not this not this weekend but the week after that I think the Raiders and dolphins are playing against each other That's pretty awesome. All right, and the final box coming up. That's right 99 problems, but that card ain't one Now I want to say we pulled a Justin Herbert autograph, but it was a shadow box autograph. I pulled a couple Joe Burrow RPAs, right? Or at least one of the two were indentions was an RPA. I Pulled a Jalen Hertz RPA. I pulled it So I just haven't seen a Justin Herbert RPA, but we finally got the two RPA There's a Lamar Jackson Patrick Mahomes blockchain. Wow dual NFL shields I'll bet you could sell that For for a decent amount to people who collect these blockchain cards so that'll be a randomizer between Nico and the Ravens and Alex and the Chiefs and a train whistle to a digital train whistle There's Eli Manning to 60 That'll be for the Giants. That's gonna go to Brian pool. We got the standard James Conor relic to 25 That'll be for the Steelers Michael Goluchy steel curtain and his Steelers we've got Numbers Piece of his number right there eight out of 25 Terry McLauren for the Washington football team I don't know. What's what that is in the middle smudge in the middle That'll go to Derwin in the Washington football team and we've got a Bob Lily Super Bowl autograph For Dallas. Oh, you'll hear soon enough Oliver what a digital train whistle sounds like for that digital only card. That's for Daniel and Dallas a couple more to go. We've got Darrington Evans 28 at a 99 rookie I black autograph Titans that's for Arthur Hackett Kevin Lesser. What's going on man? When's the last time I've seen a big Ben autograph out of a Penini product probably years. He's not too common Maybe out of like impeccable a couple years ago It's not too common. Oh, then there's my boy right here. Henry rugs the third 22 out of 25 silver and black patch nice autograph Could have used him on Thursday night Jerry Bennington Not necessarily on offense but to play defensive back. Maybe that would have been nice. Maybe maybe he can play defensive back He's fast enough All right, and there you have it now time to make one person happy one person sad Let's go to This blank list right here and we're gonna use some new dice right there Lamar Jackson Baltimore Patrick Mahomes Kansas City. Let's roll it. Let's randomize it five and a one team on top after six one two three four five and Sixth and final time Goes to Baltimore there you go Baltimore that is for Nico and the Ravens I'm assuming that's a one-of-one with the digital dual NFL shields. So a Digital train whistle or the big hit express There you go, I think everyone heard did everyone hear that that goes to Baltimore and there you go boys and girls One person happy one person sad for the sad person. We'll get him next time. I'm Joe for Jasper's case breaks calm Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us and we'll see you next time for the next one. Bye. Bye


How many planets are there? Most people would probably say eight, unless you're one of the holdouts hanging onto the dream of Pluto one day being reinstated. Sorry to burst your bubble, but this video isn't about Pluto. In ancient times, a planet was anything that moved across the sky in relation to the stars. With the advent of the scientific revolution, the use of the term planet was changed to a body that orbited the sun. With this definition, there were six planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. From 1801 to 1807, four new bodies, Ceres, Pallas, Juno, and Vesta were discovered that orbited the sun and so were added to the official list of planets. For nearly half a decade, these 11 planets stood. Then, by the 1950s, having learned more about the new planets and with the discovery of Neptune in 1946, it became clear that the four additions were drastically different than the rest of the celestial bodies and so they were removed from the official list of planets. While no official definition was made at the time, it was generally understood that a planet was any large body that orbited the sun. You see how that word large isn't very specific? Well lo and behold, that caused a lot of confusion a few decades later with the discovery of Pluto in 1930. Initial observations led to the belief that Pluto was much larger than Earth and so it was easily adopted as the ninth planet. Then, over time, as more measurements came in, Pluto got smaller and smaller and now we understand that it's less than 1% the size of the Earth. But that wasn't an insurmountable problem. It was still larger than any other known asteroid and seemingly didn't exist with any near neighbors. But then, in 2005, Eris, a dwarf planet past Neptune, was discovered that was 27% more massive than Pluto. And by this time, it became clear that there were far more Pluto-sized objects at the edge of our solar system than previously thought. So there were two options. Either Pluto is a planet which would make Eris and the likely many more Pluto-sized bodies that would come to be discovered planets or kick Pluto from the exclusive list. So in 2006, the IUPAC, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, agreed on a definition of planet that set it as a body orbiting the sun with enough mass to make a nearly round shape and it's cleared all neighbors out of its orbit. Because of the existence of Pluto's three close neighbors, Quora, Sedna, and Eris, Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet. So now, what's all this about a ninth planet? Both Pluto and Neptune were mathematically predicted before they were first discovered based on their invisible pull on their neighbors. For example, Pluto was discovered because Percival Lowell, among others, was convinced that Neptune was continually in the wrong place. Why? Some massive object more distant than Neptune was tugging on it, competing with the sun gravitationally for control over Neptune. If you want to learn more about Percival Lowell, check out this video here about the mystery of the Canale on Mars. Interestingly, Neptune was almost not discovered by mathematical predictions and instead almost discovered by the first person who could have possibly discovered a new planet, the first to turn a telescope to the heavens, Galileo. Galileo turned his telescope on the planets and was immediately fascinated by the system of Jupiter and its moons. While he was observing Jupiter on January 27th, 1613, he recorded two stars in his field of view. One was a genuine star, but the other was actually Neptune. Remarkably, Galileo observed the pair again the following night and even noted a strange occurrence that the two stars appear to be further apart, so close to discovering that one of the stars was the planet Neptune. And now, Caltech researchers have found mathematical evidence suggesting there may be a planet X deep in the solar system. This hypothetical planet orbits our sun in a highly elongated orbit far beyond Pluto. The object, which researchers have nicknamed Planet 9, could have amassed about 10 times that of Earth, making it similar in size to Uranus or Neptune, an orbit about 20 times further from the sun than Neptune. It would take this new planet between 10 and 20,000 years to make one full orbit around the sun, where Neptune completes an orbit roughly every 165 years. This announcement does not mean there's a new planet in our solar system. The existence of this distant world is only theoretical at this point, and no direct observation of the object nicknamed Planet 9 have been made. This mathematical prediction of a planet could explain the unique orbits of some smaller objects in the Kuiper Belt, a distant region of icy debris that extends far beyond the orbit of Neptune. Since the announcement, astronomers are now searching for the predicted planet, even if only to snag dibs on the naming rights. The researchers calculated that there's only a 1 in 500 chance that what they're seeing is just observational bias, indicating that their predictions are probably quite accurate, or I guess that their models really aren't. So who knows, maybe we'll be back to 9 planets before you know it. Well, that's it for today on Everything Science. If you like this content, be sure to like and subscribe so you don't miss out on any future uploads, and remember, there's always more to learn.