Live from San Francisco, it's theCUBE, covering Informatica World 2016. Brought to you by Informatica. Now, here are your hosts, John Furrier and Peter Burris. Okay, welcome back everyone. We are here live in San Francisco for Informatica World 2016. This is SiliconANGLE Media's theCUBE. Our flagship program, we go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier with my co-host, Peter Burris. Our next two guests are from Jewelry Television, George Willow, chief technology architect and lead nor director of business intelligence and enterprise data infrastructure. Welcome to theCUBE. Thank you.  So, talk about your environment.  Share with us what you guys do from a technology perspective. From a technology perspective, we're always looking to build our in-house applications to really meet the tasks of what we want to do internally and also provide new services to our customers. So, for us, really the best way to tune that is to understand that data. In the past, we used to go through with a lot of statistical models, graph kind of style databases and build out the information that would guide the feature development in our software and we want to take that even further to the next steps. So, right now we're looking at ways that we can start incorporating things that really lend itself well to a live television broadcast for things like real-time feedback that we can even provide to our show hosts. So, we're very interested this trip into Informatica world to talk about live streaming kind of solutions and where Informatica is taking the product lines to support that. So, talk about the business. So, you have the television, so, jewelry television. So, you're showcasing jewelry. I should be a customer, get Linda some more jewelry.  But you have a product, a media product. But that's not just the only thing, you have that product, you have the business. Describe the landscape of what you guys are operating. And then how the systems and the software and the data fits in. Absolutely, we're operating the 24-7 television show. It's 365 days a year. We also do the live streaming of that. We have a great website presence and a mobile present as well. We consider ourselves Omnichannel and we like to have a consistent kind of opportunity for our customers to interact with us. With that comes different channels of data. Comes different application integrations. And we're very much a enterprise Java shop on the way that we design and build our applications. And we use the scrum methodologies on how we approach that. We also like to incorporate the data that we see into the designs of the applications. Things as mundane as default options that you're selecting within the applications themselves to optimize that experience. Because when you have a call center representative on the phone with a customer, you want them to be as efficient as possible in looking up information, finding alternate products or even dealing with availability of products for us. Some of the challenges we have being kind of on television with the live stream, we have limited sets of products sometimes and limited availability. Because each piece of jewelry is unique. I mean, we mainly have 10 of something. We mainly have five of something. So we need those real-time models to understand how many do we have left to sell or even have available. Because we don't want to discount or just, we don't want to really discourage our customers by not having product. Well, you're promoting something if it's not available. Yeah. You want to have that kind of agile ability to react and say, maybe we're sold out of that, but here's something very similar to that. Or here's another offer that might be right for you. We don't want to oversell that in any case. We don't want to disappoint customers.  Which one is the under the most pressure for the systems and the data? You know, I think really the order management system is very key and that we're offering the right kinds of things for payment options, even in-house warranty options. But our warehouse fulfillment is been under a lot of pressure as we've been growing as a company. We're currently embarking on additional automation with a lot of additional hardware. We're also really automating those processes as well. And out of a lot of the tuning that we've done for internal systems, the data analysis, and even the patterns on how things behave have really helped us respond better and get product to customers faster. Even how we deal with our reverse logistics on how we have customer returns come back, we wanted to optimize that as well to understand those patterns. And what we see is commonalities when we start looking at our data between the way that our customers like to purchase from us and then the patterns even on the way the things may come back as returns. And it's a little different with luxury goods because you typically have kind of an industry standard, a little bit higher return rate. But the reasons for those returns can actually vary quite a bit more than if you were selling like electronics or something else. So a good example is a customer may purchase a size six ring and a size seven ring and choose which one fits best for them and return the other. So there's nothing wrong with that ring coming back in but we want to know that that's a common scenario coming back in so we can make a routing decision to send that to a cleaning service within our in-house jewelers. In other cases, we may have a collector kind of persona where they're interested in getting a really nice gemstone and they'll perhaps purchase three of the same exact thing, choose the one that best fits their collection or that best fits something where they're trying to build their own ensemble from it and return the other two. Knowing those kinds of patterns allows to route the way we handle that reverse logistics kind of processing in a more efficient way. And potentially turn that very action into something of a service that might offer some or be associated with some differential pricing. So you're an architect. Yes, that's correct. And you're over in the analytics side. So how do you see yourself then plugging into a lot of the business decisions that are being made to try to take what is currently an operational act and try to start turning it into a business service? Obviously, data and knowledge is power. So one of the things that we try to do is depending on where somebody needs to do their job but they're a returns agent and they're processing one package at a time, can we give them data to enhance their job when they're doing it? There may be things like George referred to for the pattern. Does it need to go to the cleaner? Does it need to go to the repair shop? If we can tell them that while they're doing their job, as they're doing their job, then we can do it more quickly and more efficiently and cheaper.  So in terms of that, can you explain, take a quick second to describe why you guys have chose that route versus using other software? Absolutely, and in a lot of ways we have to. It's like there's really no concept of a good show planning kind of application out there that would understand how to schedule show hosts and products and promotions and things around it. So it's something that, it's a very core competency we have is to build that. Along with that is the integration that we get from knowing how that the show planning is working and which items are coming up and which are key items and be able to even integrate that into our warehouse, I'm sorry, our order management system on how we fulfill those. Good examples of that are knowing what item is currently on television so that it's a quick way for one of our call center representatives to quickly put that into the cart. Now the reason we want that so quick is we may have a very limited quantity of even a specific size and we want to be able to lock that in. We even use a reservation model to make sure that they are actually locked in and get that. That's a difficult feature to find and anything that you would buy off the shelf. And even within that model we offer the ability to even wait and try to lock in and get one as soon as it becomes available because it's really a short quantity available to get that. And beyond that we'll take it to even a wait list to where based on our projections of the data that we produce from our data warehouse we can know what an estimated return rate may be for this product and actually understand even better how to manipulate the way that we sell that or even offer that product to get the best outcomes with our customers. How about open source? You guys use open source at all? Open source is huge for us. So is freeware. Very much the Java platform is very key for us. Within the open source frameworks we're very fond of Spring Boot, Apache Camel, Apache Kafka is something that's starting to come in force as well. Everyone loves Kafka. That's what Jeff Frick said on Twitter. Absolutely. Kafka is everywhere, whole real time thing. It's pretty hot, right? And for us it's really that next generation of what we had is JMSQs. It allows us to really step up and scale that messaging fabric for us to be able to do things where we hadn't thought possible before. How about social channels? You guys seeing on the live broadcast and the affinity towards certain channels, Twitter, Instagram. Absolutely, Facebook, Twitter. We see a great deal of feedback from our customers and part of where we'd like to go is to be able to incorporate even more of that into the dashboards that our show hosts have visibility to. So that's one of those cases where we would really want the real time sentiment analysis of those streams of data, of unstructured data. Be able to say, are customers engaged? Are they happy with what we're showing? Are we hitting the right market segment? And even within that to understand what kind of group are we reaching? Are we reaching the fashion enthusiast? Are we reaching the business professional who's looking for the right kind of jewelry to complement our outfit? Are we reaching the collector? Are we reaching somebody who's wanting to buy maybe even a lower price point who's kind of younger, wanting to share that with their friends? So being able to understand that segmentation as well as the sentiment and the classifications of those is a very valuable thing for us. How about like listening engines?  We actually use off the shelf for the listening engine itself that we have integrated for our call center. And right now we haven't fully tapped the potential of what we can pull in on that yet. On the architectural side, I'm sure you get bombarded. We just saw about the tsunami of buzzwords that's been polluting the industry. Hybrid cloud, public cloud, on premise. I mean, I'll see you guys are on premise, but thoughts about cloud, and how does that fit in? Absolutely. I think cloud has to be there always, you know, as we look at any solution that we're going to implement. And for us really, the cloud is the agility of deployment. And that was a big deal for us. Part of what we're here about was we are actually invited to attend the award ceremony as one of the spotlight nominees because we're really looking at how do we really think about optimizing the way that we do our internal things and how do we prepare ourselves for potential cloud plays that we have? We're already in the cloud in some aspects. We have our website is effectively cloud hosted as well as our streaming service. It makes a lot of sense for us to provide that stream from Knoxville and then using streaming services to distribute that.  You know, and that's very present in the cloud for us. We still have a lot of cloud to ground kind of things going on. And with that, we're looking to even optimize those in some of the plays that we're going to be doing in the near future as well. I wouldn't be surprised to if you see even more of our infrastructure systems moving toward cloud. But it's for us, it's that provisioning aspect is so key for us in the management aspect. We've been able to achieve a lot of that within our own data center using a lot of the VMware product lines, a lot of the automation tools where we actually build and produce things. Part of what we did with the Informatica products was actually to take the product itself, run it through an actual internal packaging process to produce RPMs where we could do literally a distribution across using a local RUM, a young repository and do literally one command installs of a full Informatica environment. There's a ton of savings for us and being able to bring those environments up quickly. And that was part of what we looked at with Informatica because we'd gone through some growth with Informatica for like the last three years. And within that time, what happens is we have different consultants, we have internal parties working on this and things can happen when you're dealing with on-premise kinds of things where tweaks can be made and the reason behind the tweaks lost over time. So what we wanted is we went to our 961 upgrade was to go in, understand those and even go back and research some of these tweaks, incorporate that back into kind of a roll forward strategy so that we not only have lineage of our data but lineage of our distribution artifacts and we know who changed what, where, when and we have it stored even with our software repository built with our Jenkins internal continuous integration engine and delivered right into our young repositories where it's one command to install an Informatica power center, even power exchange and environment. And that was a big deal for us. Yeah, well, you're not going to be able to do this competitively on-premise unless you can do some of those things. Exactly, yes. So only coming to some of the things that you're trying to do. Clearly, jewelry TV is kind of a combination three or four different businesses. There's the TV business, there's the e-commerce business, there's the logistics business. How are you working with all these different businesses to prioritize their needs globally? Number one, and number two, what role is Big Data playing as you try to prioritize the priorities? One of the things we've been very lucky to have is we have very great buy-in from our business, especially business leadership. So we have a steering community that helps us with a lot of those prioritizations. So as they come in, we get feedback from all the different areas and we sit down collectively to decide which ones are we going to go after and which ones we're going to go do. Specifically to the big, big data question, there's so much data that we have at jewelry television. A lot of stuff tends to be around interactions with customers, but there's some interactions with customers that don't necessarily result in sales. So while the company does a lot of things, the one thing we'd add is we're also an entertainment company. People watch for the fun of watching. We're driven by sales, that's our big, big deal. And those other pieces of data where we offer things to customers or we have things that will engage a customer but don't result in a sale, what do those mean? And what are those actions? And how do we get less of those actions that don't result in sales? But again, it goes to that steering community process and we partner with our business users and we really sit there and we help, we bring our input, they bring their input. It's not just technology drives it, it's not just they say we've got to do this. It's really a collective partnership on how we decide what we're going to move forward on in terms of data and what we are going to put in front of them and how we're going to put in front of them. So the traditional media model is, if you take HBO and some of those guys out, is to create content and programming that is supported by advertising. You guys are creating content that's supported by actual transactions. That's correct. Are you also being somewhat supported by advertising at the same time? I'm not familiar with that. We are not, we are different than your traditional content provider in that we pay for air time. So the people don't pay us to broadcast our content. Got it, so that you guys are generating content, paying for air time to get your content out and using the transaction to monetize. How is that, therefore, how is that as a business different from a media business that is monetized mainly through advertising? And what role does big data play in making you more effective as opposed to an industry that's really trying to use big data to tell the advertiser something? That's true. We obviously don't have to worry about ratings or anything like that. But the things we look at are, we get 100 orders in a minute but we had 10,000 people watching. That may not be as good as if we had 1,000 people watching. So we look at that and that's what I was talking about. There's opportunities and we try to see what happened where they did not engage or that we started an engagement but an engagement did not end in a transaction. And we will look at things like host behaviors. We'll look at things like product sequences. We'll look at stuff like that and say what is a winning recipe? What is a winning combination for us to help this first engage with the customer and continue that engagement all the way through a sale and then again to subsequent sales and hopefully many subsequent sales. That's, you use the term host behavior. That suggests that you guys are also at the vanguard of actually thinking through some of the kind of the human side of the interactions. How someone presents themselves on the screen, generating conventions that actually can be measured. Have we got that right? Yeah, absolutely, absolutely. To tell us a little bit about that. Because I mean, every business is thinking more about how do I, what conventions do I use to say something about my customers that I can then turn into data? How are you guys doing or thinking about it? Well, one thing we know specifically to the host example is we know viewership. And then obviously we know the sales. So we can correlate viewership to sales. Sequencing a product goes into that. What, how hosts perform? Are they sitting down? Are they standing up? Are they smiling? Are they by themselves? You're capturing all that information. Yeah, we know all about that and we're able to build essentially winning recipes. We actually call them plays, if you will. We go out there and say, if you do these 10 things in succession, you'll be more successful. I mean, if you did those 10 things individually or if you did number three as number seven versus number three. So we do, we do know. So what should John do differently? Don't ask any questions. So what are the questions, take one. Keep them, wear glasses. We saw the glasses increase the ratings. Makes me look smarter. I mean, that's a good point. I mean, this is something that we live every day because the data and the player, sometimes we're free, so it's all free. So we got to look at, we don't have sales driving in the queue, but this is an example of mobile apps. People think about A.B. testing. It's all software. Yes. And so we think about this all the time. We have our own listening engine we built and we have our own crowd chat application which is our own whole chat using hashtags. But we're constantly looking for advice. What advice would you give us? Boy, the best thing is to get it as real time as possible and as accurate as possible and measured as possible. Those are the real challenges when you're up against the live television broadcast. And the more that you can do that with these newer streaming technologies, the more successful you're going to be. And the more that you can augment that live stream information with what you've already done kind of in the back house with your big data, the better off you're going to be. Do you guys stream through a service so you have your own CDN? We actually use a combination of Akamai and also Amazon Web Service streaming. I want to come back to what you said because you said something very important and I want to lose sight of. We here at SiliconANGLE TV, we're going out and generating digital assets that companies can then use and consumers can then use to drive their engagement models better. And you are also trying to find ways to take something that's analog, like a host doing something, but translate it into data. You're trying to digitize it. You are in many respects at the vanguard of trying to digitize behavior, both on the consumer side, but also on the host side. Translate that host into content that then can be analyzed. That's right. And then you don't forget e-commerce. And with obviously, yeah, very much the e-commerce side. There are, you know, that is a fascinating, you are trying to digitize things that aren't normally thought about for digitization. Do you have a lab that does that? Do you, I mean, obviously as an architect, is the architect's role to also start thinking about how we represent people digitally? Somewhat. And we actually have internal groups for a digital media group that focuses on that very specific thing. And that's a lot of where of our business analysts kind of statisticians are there that help us understand even what they're measuring within the data, even relative to things like camera angles, like every single one of our cameras actually has a live stream of information about, we know which one was turned on, when, how it's behaving, and what the overall experience is for a customer and how they respond to that. And you see that it varies more than you might think. It's IoT as well. It is very much. It's got everything rolled into one. The cameras are all instrumented. Oh, we have a little bit of everything. We have the cameras instrumented. Even at our warehouse, we can watch the conveyors. We're actually putting in more conveyors. One time we even were noticing slowdowns on the conveyors within the service times on the way that things interacted between barcode scans. And we could actually predict that we had a failure on one of the rollers. You know, that's pretty interesting. It's exciting. Very exciting. Thanks for coming on theCUBE. Really appreciate it. I'll give you guys the final word. What's your thoughts on the show? What excites you here at Informatica 2016? Everything, but more than that, it's meeting with our partners. It's meeting with Informatica and our representatives and really seeing these opportunities because we've been kind of branching into these worlds of the open source and saying, this is great. This Kafka stuff's awesome. You know, this Flink stuff is awesome. We have these proof of concepts that seem to be working. How do we bring it in? How do we manage it? How do we make this work for the long term? And it looks like Informatica is the right partner for us. And you guys were spotlight award winner for the innovation award. What was that about? Yes, that's correct. And part of what we did there was really the optimization in how we took the Informatica products and packaged it in a more efficient way for us to deploy it quickly and kind of bring our infrastructure up to par with more something you would expect on kind of a cloud deployment. But even beyond that, we were up against some challenges because we do the change data capture with the Power Exchange product. And we didn't have a good way to measure, are we getting the right throughput out of this? Do we have bottlenecks in our network? So we actually authored an open source tool called Asim throughput test that allowed us to go in and actually measure across our network and really optimize those flow streams that we were getting better than even published results on those kinds of things because the importance of us that those live streams of transactions and things are so high that we literally want to go through and pre-optimize that as best we could for our infrastructure. Any consistency and stability and speed, honestly. Absolutely. So we have across environments where we have our QA environment where we're testing and making sure things are working. And what you're seeing, orders of magnitude differences in there, you have to go and investigate, why did this happen? What can we do better? How can we tune this thing? And doing that, we're able to tune multiple layers all the way from the database side on producing the various logs that we're consuming through the CDC. We're able to tune the network. We're able to even tune the operating system at a TCP level to actually increase throughput as well.  You're building your own tooling to meet your needs using open source, but yet taking the goodness of, say, commercial software. Absolutely. And then even giving that back to Informatica. The things that we do, we share. We treat Informatica like a partner and they treat us very well as well. And I think that's the best ecosystem. The good business model. Absolutely. Thanks so much for coming on. Jewelry TV here on theCUBE. Thanks so much for sharing the data. Get building your own tools. That's the theme, of course. We do that too. So we know that's the way to do it, but don't get too over your skis, as they say. Absolutely. It's theCUBE live in San Francisco. I'm John Furrier with Peter Barris. Thanks for watching. We'll be right back with more after this short break. Hi, this is Chris Devaney from DataRobot.


Okay. So thanks for the introduction. This was actually joint work with T. Bojaga, Daniels Lamanik and Christoph Strieks who are also in the audience today. So if you're interested or want to discuss something just approach us and let me directly start with some kind of motivation why we worked on this topic. So essentially if you want to send some kind of encrypted payload data between some client and some server, you usually have to establish a key first and therefore you have to send back and forth different messages in order to eventually have some kind of key which can then be used to encrypt payload data. In case you're using for instance TCP you even have to send back and forth more messages before eventually being able to send encrypted data and what we looked at was basically how can we reduce the messages which need to be sent back and forth here. So one obvious change would be to switch from TCP to UDP in order to skip one such round trip but the probably more interesting question would be how can we actually also get rid of this key establishment and directly send cryptographically protected payload data in the first message to the server. So this is basically the question we addressed. First off there is of course quite trivial protocol which allows us to actually do zero round trip time and encrypt the payload in zero round trip time so we basically just use an asymmetric encryption scheme at the server and the client simply encrypt some key under the public key of the server and encrypt the payload which needs to be sent under this symmetric key and then sends it all to the server and the server can again then unwrap the symmetric encryption key and therefore read that data in the end. However if you use such a simple protocol we basically have some major deficiencies. First of all obviously there is no forward security or secrecy so essentially if a key leaks I leak all the data which I've previously sent to the server and typically we want to achieve forward secrecy so which basically means that if we divide our time in many periods and if a key at a certain period leaks then we basically only leak the data from this point on and everything which was encrypted before so with respect to previous periods it's pretty much useless or it does not leak any information about the plain text being encrypted there and of course such a protocol is also vulnerable to replay attacks so one can basically simply capture this message here and send it again to the server and probably the server will reply if I use such a protocol. So if you look at existing approaches which actually give us more features than this trivial protocol we could for instance look at zero round trip time in TLS 1.3 or quick and actually they already have quite some nice features to reduce the round trips which are required to establish a key and essentially both protocols could have in common so that we have a session establishment so in the first session we need one round trip and upon resuming those sessions we actually can do a zero round trip time communication so those protocols handle replays quite nice and the only question which remains is do we also achieve full forward secrecy which basically means are all messages which are sent protected in a sense that forward secrecy holds and the answer here is that most of the messages are actually forward secret but the first or the payload data in the first message up on session resumption actually only has some limited forward secrecy and essentially what we want to achieve is that we have forward secrecy for all messages at the same time replay protection and zero round trip time so for a long time it wasn't even clear if such a thing even exists but there was a really nice work last year at Eurocrypt by Günther Heyl, Jagger and Lauer and they basically showed that you can indeed achieve those properties simultaneously by relying on a primitive which is called punk dribble encryption which is due to green and meals basically punk dribble encryption is pretty much like a conventional public key encryption scheme so you have a key generation algorithm and encryption algorithm and a decryption algorithm and additionally the only difference is that you have an algorithm which is called puncture and such an algorithm basically takes some secret key and some ciphertext and outputs an updated secret key which is indicated with a prime here and the properties are basically that this updated secret key is no longer useful to decrypt the ciphertext on which it was punctured but it's still useful to decrypt other ciphertexts basically and we can repeatedly apply this puncturing algorithm on keys and therefore punctured on multiple different ciphertexts so how does this help with zero round trip time key exchange basically it's actually quite straight forward you encrypt a message under the public key of the server and the server can then obviously decrypt it using the secret key and once the decryption was performed the server punctures the key on the ciphertext so later on this key will no longer be useful to decrypt the ciphertext and then it deletes the old key so if we have a puncturable encryption scheme which somehow provides nice properties in this context we are done and we have basically our efficiency round trip time key exchange protocol so what are the downsides of the existing approach basically they are quite expensive when it comes to puncturing and or decryption so at the zero grip paper there was a generic approach how to use puncturable encryption for zero round trip time key exchange and when plugging in the existing schemes of puncturable encryption schemes you either get quite inefficient decryption or quite inefficient puncturing and both have to be done online which is why it's currently only a feasibility result and we basically ask how can we improve this and on our way to basically achieve this we looked for some ways how to offload those expensive operations to somewhat less critical phases and in this context we made some observations so for instance we can say that usually the secret keys are held by relatively powerful servers and therefore it's not that of an issue if we have somewhat larger secret keys and if it helps us to somehow reduce the computation times upon decryption or puncturing then it's perfectly acceptable furthermore we also made another observation which is quite unusual to the concept of public key encryption namely if you encrypt something you typically expect that you can also decrypt it later on because otherwise it would be a bit pointless of course but however in this application we can say that we are fine with some kind of decryption error which is not negligibly small but some very small number which is non-negligible but still sufficient for our purposes so for instance if we assume that we want to establish a key and one session in 1000 sessions fails for instance it will probably be fine so we can if we can arbitrarily adjust this this will actually be a nice trade-off because for instance in the zero RTD key exchange we can always fall back to a one RTD key exchange in case of such a failure and then we have to do this once in a thousand times and for the rest we have zero RTD key exchange okay so having these observations in mind we basically came up with a novel primitive which we term bloom filter encryption and bloom filter encryption can essentially be seen as a puncturable encryption scheme which has those properties which I just mentioned before which we can accept and therefore gives us the advantage that we have blazing fast and encryption sorry decryption and puncturing and I'm sure most of you will probably know what bloom filters are for those who don't let me just quickly recap how bloom filters work so what we basically have is we have some kind of finished bloom filter state t and this is basically simply an array of lengths m and initially this is set to all zeros and we use k hash functions which which essentially map from the set which we want to insert into the bloom filter or from the domain of the set which we want to insert in the bloom filter to one index from one to m so essentially we can obtain using such a hash function an index for a particular value which we want to insert in such a bloom filter and for our example we let k be equal to three so just to give a simple example and what we do if we insert some values here x y z for example we basically simply use our three hash functions in this context compute the hashes obtain the indexes and set the respective indexes which are addressed by these three hash functions to one we basically do the same for all the values which we want to insert if you want to check whether a certain value is in the bloom filter we simply recompute all the hash functions and check whether all positions are one so essentially since we never set a position back to zero again we have no false negatives however we could ask what happens if some element is not in the bloom filter so if we are lucky we actually get some indexes where at least one of the indexes is zero and therefore we learn that this element is not in the bloom filter but if we are unlucky we can actually get some kind of indexes which actually would indicate that the element is in the bloom filter but actually this is not the case so essentially we have the possibility of false positives and by adjusting the parameters of the bloom filter namely the number of the hash functions and the size of the bloom filter and the number of elements we want to insert we can basically adjust this probability to some value which we are willing to accept so how does bloom filter encryption work then so basically up on setup we set up such a bloom filter and to each bit of this bloom filter we associate a key pair so essentially we have a secret key and a public key per bit in the bloom filter and all those keys then combined yield a secret key and a public key for the bloom filter encryption so this is just a very abstract overview this is not our actual construction but this should basically give you the the basic idea of this bloom filter encryption stuff and if we now want to encrypt some kind of message m we basically associate some tag tau to the ciphertext which we then obtain in the end again compute the indexes which are hit by this tag and basically then use some kind of fancy encryption scheme which allows us to do something like we want to encrypt a message with respect to in this example here key number six key number 11 and key number m minus three and we encrypt this message and the ciphertext should then be decipherable either by using the secret key corresponding to key six key 11 or key m minus three in this context to puncture a key on a certain ciphertext we again use this tag which is associated to this ciphertext so tau prime in this case obtain the indexes and then we essentially simply delete the keys which are associated with the positions indexed by this tag and very informally you could basically say that if we delete all those keys then the secret key is no longer useful to decrypt the ciphertext which was encrypted with respect to this tag tau and we can already observe here that if we only have to do those deletions so this is an operation for instance which is required in any other scheme anyways and we do not need to do more so we only need to delete portions of the secret key and then we are done with our puncturing so in the end we update of course the bloom filter state that so that we know that this key is no longer available to decrypt it's also quite simple we again use the tag which is associated to the ciphertext determine the indexes and look for the lowest index where we still have a key and essentially just perform the decryption using this encryption scheme okay so just to give you a basic idea of how we could adjust this for instance so we have some concrete numbers for one example here so we set the maximum number of elements in the bloom filter to be two to the 20 so just to give you an idea this would allow approximately two to the 12 puncturings per day for a full year so this is quite a reasonable sum setting for smaller servers probably and the false positive probability in this setting is set to 10 to the minus three has also used in the example before and the sizes we get are bloom filter size of two megabytes and the number of hash functions would be then or the ideal number of hash functions which we get from this setting would be 10 so also this is quite important to note that the number of hash functions which essentially is quite important for the ciphertext size is quite low in such a setting and we actually also obtain quite compact ciphertexts using this example so in the the very abstract idea I gave you we've seen that we essentially have keys or which we have keys which are linear in the size of the bloom filter and obviously we asked if we can do better and in doing so we basically looked at different schemes and we ended up using ideas which are based on the board net Franklin identity based encryption scheme which essentially helps us to compress the key to a constant size public key and then instead of associating key pairs to each bit in the bloom filter we simply use this public identity based encryption key and associate identities to each bloom filter position so that each identity based encryption key is essentially useful to decrypt to decrypt the ciphertext which was encrypted with respect to such a position the ciphertext is then essentially linear in the number of hash functions so in our example for instance this would actually be in the order of tens and we additionally use shared randomness and a hash variant in order to further compress this thing so that we end in the end end up with about 3000 bits for our setting so those numbers already correspond to the recent adjustments which are required due to progress in solving discrete logarithms and prime extension fields as I said before we are willing to accept somewhat large secret keys and in our setting here with the parameters from before this would be about 700 megabytes of keys we additionally introduced some other technicalities which we require I'm not going into detail here we can achieve cca security so the details will be in our upcoming eurocrypt paper and we also presented some alternative constructions which allows us to achieve constant size ciphertexts using attribute based encryption we extended all this stuff to achieve multiple time periods so in a sense we can then do two to the 20 bank drinks per time period and if we have used all our bank drinks we switch the time period to the next period and again have two to the 20 bank drinks and for this we use a similar approach as done in previous work currently there's also work in progress on other instantiations so kai gellat and diva yaga are currently working on alternative instantiations in order to optimize some further parameters of such plume and filter encryption schemes and this already brings me to the conclusion of my talk so basically the take home message would be that the existing approaches are basically conceptually very nice because they essentially give us the first time the possibility to achieve all the nice properties we want but current instantiations are not that practically and so what we basically achieved with our work is that so in a sense you could say we do not let all those operations disappear but somehow we found the possibility to offload all the expensive operations to less critical phases namely the key generation or the switch of the time intervals and this allows us to obtain very efficient decryption and which basically requires just very roughly El Gamal in the target group of the pairing and upon puncturing we only need to do deletions and evaluate the hash functions for the plume filter so those are also very cheap operations and we expect decryption at puncturing times in the order of millisecond so this should really be practically usable and of course we also expect that plume filter encryption might find other applications in addition to zero round trip time key exchange so what are the next steps we are planning basically we're planning to actually evaluate this in practice and also try to deploy this in a somewhat larger setting and we would be really interested in also finding out about how the scales so if you want to do more puncturing sense on so we are currently also looking for partners who would be interested in implementing such a thing at maybe at larger scale so if you're interested just contact us and now I'm happy to take questions and thanks so I want to ask how did you do deletions in plume filter as I know if you want to do deletion you have to use an accounting plume filter right sorry so how did you do deletions in a plume filter uh yeah we actually do not do deletions we actually insert the tags which correspond to the bank chat positions and we just delete the associated keys so we do not delete from the plume filter but we actually insert in the plume filter but the positions in the plume filter which correspond to the inserted elements indicate which keys we have to delete basically okay thanks hi thank you my question is practically speaking in something like TLS 1.3 would this be a replacement for what essentially is a session ticket encryption key mechanism and in in such a case every place that the session ticket encryption key is replicated would have to also share the same deletion state so to the first part essentially it could be seen as kind of a replacement of such such a key but I think we achieve something stronger because we achieve forward secrecy with respect to every message and if you have such a session key then the first messages are only protected as long as this key does not leak if I understand this correctly and regarding the replication I guess you would have to replicate the whole state yes okay let's talk after yeah hi thank you very much for this really nice work and presentation and does your threat model extend to consider an attacker who is a malicious client who chooses encryption tags to exhaust your plume filter currently we do not but so informally we could for instance use techniques which which are also used in other other contexts where we simply would not do the puncturing operation before for instance the client sends a second message using the the key which was for instance established in the first round trip maybe but we did not formally think about this so far but informally this would probably be a potential direction to look at okay thank you hello uh so currently in tls the current thinking is that we're going to use a timestamp to limit the amount of replays and we're going to use pair server strike registers and then the huge issue is well what happens they have servers on the other side the globe which are also getting replays and it's not immediately clear to me how this work would compare to that in terms of reducing number of replays because it seems like you get the same protection for a single server and with multiple servers around the world well you can't be this me delight yes so this this would be definitely an interesting direction to to have a look at but uh yeah we currently didn't have it in our scope last question hi so what techniques did you use to do the time interval based approach because there's a subtle distinction between those two works and that's actually why the second one is way less efficient than the first uh yes so um what we used for the time based approach is basically hierarchically identity based encryption scheme and it more or less uses uh the the usual techniques which are uh you always used in in the context of forward security uh and essentially it's very similar to what is done in previous work but uh this is a slight difference regarding all this this key generation stuff and so on uh which we have to do in the context of the bloom filters thank you okay let's thank the speaker again


Nearly one in five adults in the world may have osteoporosis. That's hundreds of millions of people. The word osteoporosis literally means porous bone. Now most of our bone is actually porous to begin with. This is what normal bone looks like inside, but this is osteoporosis. Bone mineral density is considered to be the standard measure for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Although the bone mineral density cut off for an osteoporosis diagnosis is kind of arbitrary, using the standard definition, osteoporosis may affect about 1 in 10 women by age 60, 2 in 10, by age 74 and 10, by age 80, and 6 or 7 out of 10 by 90. Osteoporosis is typically thought of as a disease in women, but one-third of hip fractures occur in men. The lifetime risk for osteoporotic fractures for 50-year-old white women and men are 40% and 13% respectively. The good news is that osteoporosis need not occur. Based on a study of the largest twin registry in the world, less than 30% of osteoporotic fracture risk is heritable, leading the researchers to conclude prevention of fractures even in the oldest elderly should focus on lifestyle interventions. This is consistent with the enormous variation of hip fracture rates around the world, with the incidence of hip fracture varying 10-fold or even 100-fold between countries, suggesting that excessive bone loss is not just an inevitable consequence of aging. The United States Preventive Services Task Force, an independent scientific panel that sets evidence-based clinical prevention guidelines, recommends osteoporosis screening, such as dexabone mineral density scan, for all women age 65 and older, and potentially starting even earlier than 65 for women at increased risk, such as having a parental history of hip fracture, being a smoker or an excessive alcohol consumer or having low body weight. What should you do if you're diagnosed? Or more importantly, what should you do to never be diagnosed? Before exploring the drugs on offering to treat osteoporosis, there are some drugs that may cause it. So let's start there. Black acid-blocking proton-pump inhibitor drugs, so-called PPIs, with brand names like prilosec, previsid, nexium, protonics, and as effects, are among the most popular drugs in the world, raking in billions of dollars a year. But then, in 2006, two observational studies out of Europe suggested an association between intake of this class of drugs and increased risk of hip fracture. And by 2010, the growing evidence forced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to issue a safety alert implicating PPI use with fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine. By now, there's been dozens such studies involving more than 2 million people that overall show higher hip fracture rates among both long and short-term users at all dose levels. The irony is that most people taking these drugs shouldn't even be on them in the first place. These PPI's are only FDA-approved for 10 days of use for the treatment of H. pylori, up to two weeks for heartburn, up to eight weeks for acid reflux disease, and for two to six months for ulcers. Yet, in a community survey, most users remained on these drugs for more than a year, and more than 60% of patients were taking them for inappropriate reasons, often wrongly prescribed for quote-unquote indigestion, for instance. Calls to stop this massive overuse from regulatory authorities have fallen on deaf doctor ears. And now that they're available over-the-counter, the problem of overuse may have just gotten even worse. They can be hard to stop taking since many patients experience withdrawal symptoms that can last for weeks. In fact, if you take normal healthy volunteers without any symptoms and put them on these drugs for two months, and then covertly switch them to a placebo without their knowledge, all of a sudden they can develop acid-related symptoms, such as heartburn or acid regurgitation, so ending up worse off than they were before they even started taking the drugs. In addition to bone fractures, this class of drugs has also been linked to increased risk of other possible long-term adverse effects, such as pneumonia, intestinal infections, kidney failure, stomach cancer, and cardiovascular disease. In fact, the blood vessel effects could explain the case report, abrupt onset, profound erectile dysfunction in a healthy young man after initiating over-the-counter pylosac, and also premature death. There are individuals with conditions like Zanger-Ellison syndrome, stricken with tumors that can cause excess stomach acid secretion, for whom the risk versus benefit of long-term use may be acceptable. But that's a far cry from the 100 million PPI's prescribed annually in the United States alone. To deal with acid reflux without drugs, recommendations include weight loss, smoking cessation, avoiding fatty meals, especially within two to three hours of bedtime, increased fiber consumption, and overall a more plant-based diet, because non-vegetarianism is associated with twice the odds of acid reflux-induced inflammation. Other classes of drugs that have been associated with hip fracture risk include antidepressants, anti-Parkinson's drugs, anti-psychotics, anti-anxiety drugs, oral corticosteroids, and the other major class of heartburn drugs, the H2 blockers such as Pepsid, Zantac, Tagamet, and Acid.


What's up everybody, Jason here for Jasper's Casebreak.com. We just sold out 2021 Panini Immaculate Baseball. This is an E-Box Casebreak Pikachu in number six Here we go guys. Good luck. So here is everybody that bought into the break straight up And as you can see there are a couple RMBs First one here's for the White Sox Phillies Blue Jays, Washington Nationals and Colorado Rockies Jesus, dude And we have the Angel St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles, New York Maths, San Francisco Giants, and Oakland A's And the Dodgers, Seattle Mariners, Atlanta, and San Diego Hodgers Nobody knows we're on air. Could have had a hundred people in here today Our first one is Jock Peterson to 49 for Chicago That's Cubs, Jonathan We've got a double swatch, nine out of 49, Legends, that is Joe Morgan for Oakland Oakland's part of the RMB with the Angels Nine, it's going to Chris Walker Perennia Play, one-on-one Autograph O'Neill Cruz, I'm assuming that's for Pittsburgh? Unless that's Oakland, I don't know. I didn't even tell me right here Yeah, Pittsburgh Farm Systems, I'm sure that's Pittsburgh There you go, Logan. Alec Bohm, very nice. One out of 25 for the Phillies. That's for the Chicago White Sox RMB One, going to Steve Wright. There you go. Get a little Alec Bohm We got a Justin Turner. Man, what a beautiful autograph Justin Turner has I hardly ever see him sign. 38 out of 99 for the Dodgers. That's L.A.D. RMB 38, spot eight, going to Mark. And last one here is Monty Harrison, 15 out of 25. Four-color patch, actually Mami Marlins, that's Howard Speaking of Justin Turner, he's about to bow right now. And just like that, Bohm, done. Done so Next box. Three configure a Mac? Wasn't a Mac like eight cards back in the day? Like a couple years ago? Or am I trippin' out? Adley Rochman, jumbo jerseys 45 out of 49 45 out of 49 So Baltimore Orioles Spot five Going to Martin. Quad, Relic, all for Chicago 4 to 25. That's Rizzo, Baez, Bryan, and Jake Arietta. And none of those guys now play for the Cubs, right? They're all gonzo. Nice. Very nice. On-card, Jazz Chisholm 38 out of 99 Another one there for Miami. We have a Dalton Jeffries for Oakland, 35 Out of 99. Oakland, A's Martin, that one. Mac Harbinger, seven out of 25 for St. Louis Another one for the RMB. Number seven, Alan Murdoch. And Alec Bohm, 44 out of 50. Clutch, two-color patch, a little pinstripe there, and autograph. So spot four, Phillies, Steve, wow. Two bones for you, man. You have spot one and spot four. What a lucky day for you, buddy. Oh Tristan McKenzie, 15 out of 99 Atlanta and Cleveland. So Atlanta, that'd be RMB Cleveland, that'd be Jonathan Stradov. So what we're gonna do is we're gonna do the randomizer thing in the brick If Cleveland were to win, that'll go straight to Jonathan. If Atlanta wins, that'll go to spot five. RMB, ATL Which would be Mark. Nolan Ryan for Texas. Five out of 15 pieces of the jersey Texas Rangers, Peter. Straight up. No, there's, well, there was like 20 of them there yesterday I don't know if they're thrown out. Rookie patch autographs, Garrett Crochet But I'm just throwing these ones away, but there was like 20 of them there earlier outside Let me look up Garrett. I forget where Garrett plays. Chicago White Sox So White Sox, that's part of the RMB and that's Logan and he in our redemptions. Nick Sensel, 87 out of 99 for Cincinnati And Aaron's. Little eye-black autograph, Nate Pearson for Toronto. That's one out of 50. Blue Jay, Chicago White Sox, RMB Spot one, going to Steve. And we got a dual autograph 49 out of 76, Andreas Geminis and Jazz Chisholm So Cleveland, Miami. So another RMB for Cleveland, randomizer, sorry, not RMB So Jonathan, if you win this randomizer with Cleveland at the top, you're gonna get that card If not, Miami gets it, which is Howard. Two RMBs right there. All right, we're halfway through guys, next one We have for Montreal, Dick Williams So Montreal, Exkos would be Washington Nationals Which would be going to spot five Nationals Which is Tom Jones. There you go, TJ We have a three-color patch from Houston, Jeff Bagwell, three out of ten And Aaron's. Little RP 8 out of 99, Debbie Garcia for the Yankees. Brian Orozco, there you go, man On the board. A button! Brent Rooker, four out of six for Minnesota Going to Howard. Look at that. That is sweet. Wasn't expecting a little button there We got Dane Dunning to 99, three-color patch for Texas 24 out of 99 Texas Rangers, going to Peter And last one here is six out of ten Jumbo patch autograph Alex Kileroff For the Minnesota twins going to Howard. All right, halfway through guys, we've got four boxes left Ooh, another button. Wow, the fact that this is out of ten. A little button with a pinstripe, Andreas Hemines Number to ten, three out of ten That is so sweet So that one is for sure going to Cleveland on its own. No need to randomize that We have for the New York Mets Gary Carter 20 out of 49 Rookie, triple memorabilia, signatures, hollow, Garrett Crochet, another rmb Zero for the Chicago Italks I go Logan, starting with Garrett Crochet, PC How bad do you need at Hollywood? I want to and I need it We have Edward Olivares for Kansas City, a little iBlock patch autograph 23 to 25 iBlock Kansas City Royals, Oliver Sorority and for Kansas City, back to back Chris Boogat, RPA Wow, look at this patch for out of 49. What an amazing patch Christian Pache Atlanta Braves going to the random number block LAD, spot three, Martin Wow That is a patch, all right Um Gavin, if you click that link at the top or that nightbot link, which is our break schedule Oh, you'll see it there. Uh, it'll be starting at 9 20 All righty for the New York Mets, Brandon Nemo to 10 Old school for Brooklyn Al Opus Brooklyn's gonna go to the Dodgers LAD two 15 out of 15, it's about two Glen and Martin Raphael Devers for Boston, two out of 49 Nicholas with that one, a little red ink as well Dean Cramer, 57 out of the 64, three color patch For Baltimore, 57, Baltimore, seven, Alan Murdoch Dennis Eckersley, 17 out of 49 for Oakland R&B Another one for seven, Alan Murdoch And we got an RPA, Jake Cronenworth, 66 out of 99, three color patch, very nice And that's going to go to, uh, six Where are the podgers at? Zaf G when there you go, man All right, two more boxes Pavin Smith, Jumbo jerseys for the Arizona Dimebacks Got a Michael Langer We have Frankie Frisch for St. Louis, 21 out of 25 And, uh, let me take a quick look at Frankie, ain't sure it's not anywhere else Yeah, same goes Karnos Karnos, that'll be spot one Going to Bill Yo, blockchain, so that'll go to automatically to spot zero And that is a rookie patch autographed Dean Cramer Which I believe Actually hit it Dean Cramer earlier Yeah, that's Baltimore So that'll go to spot zero on Martin What autographs Black is, but Patch autographed David Peterson, 77 out of 77 Patch autographed Garrett Crochet This time he's live So man, can't sign your cards Nine out of 68 That's going to go to spot nine Nicholas For Seattle to 49, Evan White, 49 out of 49, little eBay, one of them Seattle Mariners It's going to LED, spot nine, going to Martin Niter, 30 out of 99 Miami, Marlins, Howard with that one All right, we're done to our last box guys, good luck Wow One of one Ha Seon Kim Look at that jumbo sleeve patch That is an amazing patch For the Padres, going to spot one Chris Walker That is so sick Whoa Wow Glove embroidered Embroidery One out of two Bobby Witt Jr Jesus Look at this It's like the top of the glove You know like, man that is so sick That's one out of two for the Kansas City Royals That is straight up Oliver Sororio There you go Oliver Wow, that is a nice Osteralloc right there Straight up Oliver Luis Petino Immaculate materials autographs It's Audrey's Another one for R&B Zero, going to Martin I think it's going to be one of the greatest boxes of Immaculate we've ever seen I've seen a name that I can't believe Wow This honestly is going to be the best box we've ever seen Another one of one Will Crow That is a majestic tag and eye black autograph That's three straight cards, either one of one or one of twos Besides the Luis Petino Logan with that one Four out of five Clutch autographs That's for Boston Tanner Heroic Nicholas with that one And last one, what a way to end it off Three out of five Shohei Otani For the Angels Angels R&B Three Brian Frank Yeah, that was definitely the best box of this case Man, Shohei this out of five Little Crow one of one Bobby Whit one of two The Jumbo Patch Good Lord That was a great way to end the box And there you go guys, that was the break So we do have to do two randomizers here For Atlantic Cleveland And for Cleveland and Miami Names at number one or teams at number one get those two cards All right, so the first one is going to be Atlanta Cleveland Next one's going to be Cleveland Roll One and six seven times for both One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Stays with Atlanta at the top Seven times So Atlanta's going to win that Which is part of the R&B Which is spot five Atlanta Martin with that one And seven times here One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Cleveland This is for you Cleveland You get the dual autograph that features actually Josh Chisholm who's a great rookie And Andres Geminis Cleveland gets that one Cleveland This is for you All right there you go Jonathan Dual autograph There you go guys that was an act of the Pikachu number six Jasper's case breaks dot com


Hello, this is Laptop Media, and today, we will show you how to open the Lenovo Yoga Slim 7i Pro X and what's inside of it. There are only 5 Torx head screws keeping this laptop's bottom panel in place. We were surprised that there are no hidden ones. After you undo them, pry the panel with a plastic tool. Please remember, it would be of great help to us if you just hit the like button and subscribe to our channel. That would motivate us to make even more and better videos for you. Inside, we find a 70 watt hours battery pack. It lasts for 9 hours of web browsing, or 7 hours of video playback. To remove it, you need to unplug the battery connector and undo all 5 Phillips head screws that keep it attached to the chassis. The memory here is soldered to the motherboard. You get configurations of up to 32 GB of LPDDR5 RAM, working at 6000 MHz. As for the storage, there is 1 M.2 PCIe X4 slot, which works with Gen4 SSDs. Cooling wise, there are 2 heat pipes, shared between the CPU and the GPU. In addition, both the graphics memory and the VRMs are equipped with heat spreaders. If you'd like to see more disassembly videos of the latest notebooks, we would highly appreciate if you hit the like button and subscribe to the channel.


I hosted young people from other parts of the world and I really enjoy learning about other cultures and interacting with people that are new to this country and helping them find their way around and learning about where they come from. When I first came here, I think my first student was a young Cambodian woman and this was I believe in the late 80s maybe and this was when there was a large group of Cambodians that had been being settled in the area and actually I was in a group that had sponsored a family. So it was quite poignant to meet this young woman who had made the journey and was really struggling to do the most basic things and of course having some language skills is the most important thing for anyone to be able to start to feel at home and any independence so it really felt like I was doing something very important. I would just encourage anybody who even could imagine doing this to give it a try. I think it's so uplifting, it's not a lot of time. You can establish the routine with your student that you want and it's very flexible. You can figure out how to make it work with your particular student and it really opens up your life to wonderful things so I would encourage anybody who's even thinking about doing it to give it a try.


And it was raining and so wandering along and I'm talking to some guy about theory or something and this girl walks past One of those girls that you don't see that often what you do in Budapest actually see them every three minutes But one of those girls where you just feel like you've been shot like you're doing the Uzi dance like 80s style Yeah, and and this girl walks past and then I go back and I'm and I'm go theory theory and Sasha Just like slaps me in the face. He's like what are you doing?   I stopped her with my amazing intent.  And she's like I'm Anna and she's holding this like newspaper over here because it's raining It's this romantic scene. I said you're stunning.  I'm gonna get your number and I'll talk to you later number run away Had to leave Budapest Continue the Euro tour return for the next Euro tour called her up I Said would you just like to meet near my place? She said yes We met outside my place. She had a bottle of warm champagne cheap champagne champagne, which we never drank we went upstairs And then we went into the bedroom and we had sex Right What did I learn from this encounter? I learned one important thing I learned that 1993 was a really good year for Hungarian gymnasts who like to dress up as Egyptian slave girls That's all I learned This was a culmination of many many years of me going out doing this and getting slaughtered on all levels so the point where a Seduction happened flawlessly and happened almost effortlessly and happened within accumulation of minutes, but I didn't learn anything from that interaction It was good, and I encourage you guys to enjoy those moments when they happen But I want to tell you about a couple of times when I really learned some severe lessons that lifted me up a notch I Mentioned this girl yesterday it in a Russian Yeah, when I was talking about when I was in bed with her and this rich dude called up and said I'll give you whatever you want Yeah How I met her was it was 2006 or seven or something like that. I had gotten into seduction formally I was really serious about this and at that time I was broke and I was on the doll for those of you who are in Internet land that means on government benefits. Yeah, thankfully Australia is a country where they will pay you to be lazy For a period of time Like I talked my Serbian girlfriends about this and like this like what did you do for these 10 years when you had no job? And I was like Well, I did whatever I wanted and the government paid me the equivalent of two months wages for you every week Because I don't know why she's just looks at me with disgust Like if I'd been born in Serbia, I would not be here doing this. Thank you. Thank you Australia good country So how do I meet this girl? I was at Centalink Which is the doll office the government benefits office internet people and I was dressed like a like Liam back in the day I had this coat that I bought in India when I was a hippie that was from Kashmir and I thought it was really cool I thought was like her like some eastern wizard thing It just looked like a sack basically with some embroidery on it.  I look like Yeah, an Indian hobo like hippie hobo and I'm waiting in line with my form with the jobs that I pretended that I saw it was looking for which I certainly wasn't and They're at the front of the queue I See this amazing figure and then I hear something which just drives me crazy, which is a Russian accent You know, I'm just I don't have to widen to my blood because I'm quarter Ukrainian or something But I hear an accent and just drives me nuts and you don't hear much of that in Australia I hear this girl and she's like no this not problem and something and she's like, you know scolding the person behind the desk and And then she just turns and sweeps out of the to walk out of the Centling office And I'm thinking at this point I'd been approaching a lot I thought I was getting kind of good and I was and I had built this identity of me as a PUA because you know In the Melbourne seduction scene people knew of me and when they saw me out. They're like All that kind of stuff and and this is part of my identity at the time and I saw this girl walk out I went fuck. That's the hottest girl I've ever seen in the flesh. So this day she's the top three or four girls that I've slept with in terms of beauty and I Saw a walk walk out. I'm like, I can't I can't I Mean in terms of bad places to approach girls you have STD clinic and employment office I don't know what's after that morgue or something. I don't know. Yeah bad places to meet girls Don't does not demonstrate high value at all. I was literally a bum and As she walked out and I'm having this feeling this this just sinking doubt and just and worthiness.  Yeah, and why is she in here? I don't know. Yeah And that was the moment where I had a breakthrough


mae galdiffanio rhyngh Ikola tissue i chi fod Llewyn Wennon hefyd amferio i ddim yn bobl Arwmweithnu Timyny.  Can I wish her well for the future? To ask the minister what engagements he has planned for the rest of the day. First Minister. I want to take forward the Government's programme for Scotland, but this is my first parliamentary opportunity, so I would like to pay tribute to Johann Lamont for following her stepping down as leader of the Labour Party at the weekend. I have always found Johann Lamont to be a spirited opponent in the Scottish Parliament, strongly dedicated to her party, but in particular her championing of key issues such as the eradication of child poverty and support for carers. I have absolutely no doubt that she will continue to play an active role in Scottish public life, and I wish her well for the future. Jackie Baillie. Can I thank the First Minister for his kind comments? We all care passionately about our NHS. We value the work that our NHS staff do every single day, so today's Audit Scotland report makes grim reading. Progress has been slow, significant changes needed, little planning in evidence, services at risk, targets missed and budgets squeezed. Does the First Minister have a plan—any plan at all—to deal with the growing crisis in the NHS? I think that we should start by looking at the Audit Scotland report and looking at where the Audit Scotland identified substantial progress, quote, in a number of areas, including improving outcomes for people with cancer or heart disease, reducing healthcare-associated infections. Patient satisfaction at the hospital and inpatient service has increased since 2012. Waiting time targets have been reduced over the last 10 years, the length of time that people have to wait has decreased considerably. Between 2003 and 2012, the death rate from all forms of heart disease fell by 38 per cent. On we go in that report to identify where the national health service has made substantial progress. Of course, it is true, and quite rightly, that Audit Scotland draws attention to the fact that, despite the success of our NHS in managing its finances, success that has not been replicated elsewhere in either England or Wales, that, nonetheless, the NHS faces challenges for the future? How could it be otherwise in the current situation? Perhaps Jackie Baillie should have paid close attention to page 32 of Audit Scotland's report. Reductions in spending at a UK level will affect the level of funding that is available in Scotland. The Scottish Government will need to plan for health spending in an overall reducing budget. The very heart of the financial challenge facing our national health service, a retrenchment and austerity at UK level and the financial pressures that it imposes on our national health service in Scotland. Jackie Baillie. Ms Baillie. The First Minister is consistent in his fondness of selective quoting, but I say to him that the report overall makes extremely grim reading. We know that the answer that we have just received is not the answer of the First Minister in control, but the answer of the First Minister in absolute denial. Anybody watching who works in the NHS knows the pressures on the health service. They will not be convinced by his bluff and bluster. Let us look at the reality of the NHS under the SNP. Almost half a million hospital days lost to delayed discharge. Half a million hospital days, one in four patients in hospital who do not need to be there. 325 consultant vacancies, up 60 per cent in the last year alone, and the ambulance service, facing cuts equivalent to 433 paramedics who just will not be there when you need them or 70 ambulances being taken off the road. The First Minister comes to this chamber today and claims that everything is fine with the NHS. Whether it is in his own patch or across Scotland, why is the First Minister in denial about the growing crisis in the NHS? Every statement that I read out earlier on to Jackie Baillie was from the report itself, from the Audit Scotland report. For that matter, I could quote Caroline Gardner from Audit Scotland. In a very reasonable and considered interview in Radio Scotland this morning, I think that it is important to say that the times that patients are waiting on average now is much shorter than they have been in the past. The Government has managed to protect the national health service budget, certainly the revenue budget in real terms up until the current budget period. We know, of course, what happened in the current budget period. To pass on the consequentials from Westminster, the national health service would have required an additional £202 million in its revenue budget. I agree, Mr Swinney did not do that. He put forward £288 million. In the current budget year, we are exceeding passing on the consequentials. All of the facts that I have stated are from the Audit Scotland report. That guarantee of an increase in real terms funding for the national health service has helped to withstand the financial pressures that are undoubtedly there. No such guarantee was in place from the Labour Party in 2007. No such guarantee was in place from Ian Gray in the run-up to the 2011 election, so Jackie Baillie should really try to consider that. Yes, of course, there are pressures on our national health service. How could it be otherwise when the law of financial control from Westminster—how much greater would those pressures have been if we had had the disaster of a continuation of Labour administration in Scotland? We might even have had a national health service in Scotland facing the same almighty pressures as prevalent in Wales under Labour control. Jackie Baillie, Presiding Officer, it is evident that the First Minister has not read the rest of the Audit Scotland report, nor has he read Labour's manifesto, which very clearly said, that we would protect the NHS budget in Scotland and pass on all Barnett consequentials for health. It is clear after that answer that the First Minister is indeed in denial. In his world, everything is wonderful and rosy. However, while we wait on answers, there are people in Scotland's hospitals waiting on trolumes. There are people waiting for anbulance turning up. There are people waiting for an NHS that Scotland needs and that people deserve. Let's look at what the experts say. The British Medical Association warned last year that this situation was not sustainable. The Royal College of Nursing today, when patient care suffers because health boards are trying to make ends meet, it's obvious that something is wrong. A paramedic said this week that we can't keep up. It's just a matter of time before something goes seriously wrong. Why does the First Minister think that the people who work in the NHS every single day are wrong about the cuts facing our health service and only he is right? Jackie Baillie mentioned that delayed discharges would increase the national health service, but they are much less than we were when the SNP came to power. She said that there were vacancies among consultants, but the number of consultants is much greater than when the SNP came to power. As indeed are the number of nurses, the number of doctors, the number of NHS staff has increased by 6.9 per cent since the SNP came to power. Those things have been achieved against the austerity from the Westminster Government. That quote from the Audit Scotland report, reductions in spending at UK level will affect the level of funding available in Scotland. The Scottish Government will need to plan for health spending with an overall reducing budget. Isn't that exactly the kernel of a debate that we had in the recent referendum campaign, where Jackie Baillie and the Labour Party were in denial about the impact of Westminster funding cuts on the Scottish National Health Service? If we take the Audit Scotland report as a very considered objective analysis, will Jackie Baillie accept that, when Audit Scotland points out the reality, a 7 per cent decline in revenue budgets in Scotland has a severe impact across the public sector, which makes it all the more laudable that the SNP in government has managed to protect our national health service? As far as the Labour Party is concerned, it goes without argument that in 2007 Jack McConnell said that the national health service would just have to cut its cloth and have no additional consequentials. As for Ian Gray on 8 September 2010, on Newsnight Scotland, quote, we wouldn't ring fence to health budget, only when they were on the run in the election campaign did they start to change their prudence. Ms Baillie, I would appreciate a brief question and a brief answer of what to get through today. I remind the First Minister, who still remains in denial, that from 2007 to 2010 the Labour Government at UK level gave the Scottish Government more money for the health service than you actually applied to the health service. We are detecting a pattern now. Audit Scotland is wrong, the ambulance drivers are wrong, doctors are wrong, nurses are wrong, everybody is wrong, apart from Alex Salmond. The facts are clear. The NHS is completely devolved. We make all the decisions here in Scotland, and the SNP has been in charge for over seven years. In that time, bed numbers have been slashed, budgets have been cut, staffing cut, waiting times growing, delayed discharge on the rise. Does the First Minister recognise that the people of Scotland want a long-term plan for their health service, not sticking plaster solutions? They want a focus on the NHS, not endless discussions about the constitution. Will the First Minister deliver, or are you simply in denial? NHS staff has increased by 6.9 per cent. That is an increase of 8,818 between September 2006 and June 2014. The Scottish National Party has protected, as we pledged to do, the national health service revenue budget in real terms and added to that this year. Of course, there are pressures on our national health service. How could it be otherwise prisoned within the austerity of the UK Government? As far as being in denial is concerned, I quoted exactly from the Audit Scotland report about those financial pressures and bearing down on the health service. That was exactly the argument that was taking place in the referendum campaign. Jackie Baillie appeared in a picture in the BBC under, I guess, the background of SNP lies in the health service. I saw it here and I took a screengrab of it. It is under the caption, MSP Baillie denies Labour disunity. A holiday politician has denied factions between Labour MSPs and MPs and insisted that they were joined at the hip. Will any politician with the gall to make that argument can't be trusted on the Labour Party or indeed the finances of the national health service? Joan Lamont and I come from different political backgrounds, but I recognise her as a woman of principle and substance. She has always put her commitment to serve above personal ambition. For me, she is a sort of public servant that we need more of in Scottish politics. I have great cause to be grateful to her and her leadership role that she took in the better campaign. To ask the First Minister when he will next meet the Prime Minister. No plans near future. The Scottish Government won plaudits last year when it stepped in to bring Prestwick airport into public ownership. It bought it for a pound but has since pledged £25 million to keep it afloat. A string of promises to outline Prestwick's commercial future have since been broken. First of all, in February, a French consultant was brought in on a three-month contract to map out where the Government should go and we were promised a report in the summer. In June, Nicola Sturgeon appeared before a parliamentary committee and said that a business plan would be published in the next couple of months. Then, a couple of months later, when the plan should have been published, Transport Scotland said that a strategic vision document outlining the future of the airport would, and again I quote, be published in October. October has one day left, so we will be finally here tomorrow, and can the First Minister tell us how it will provide a clear path back to private ownership? Can I say that that strategic vision will be published in the next few days? I can promise her within my remaining term of office, so I can tell you that that is an extremely urgent and immediate commitment in that strategic vision. That issue is about the future of a substantial part of the Scottish, but also particularly the Ayrshire economy. I would ask Ruth Davidson just to think about this, because apart from everything else, one of the local members who has been most adamant and supportive of the Government's intervention in terms of Prestwick airport, the alternative course was closure of the airport, and I hope that Ruth Davidson understands that. The Government stepped in because the last private sector bidder was unable to carry forward. Of course, the significant thing that broke the deal and made it unable to go forward with that private sector bidder was the impact of air passenger duty in terms of the flights from Prestwick. Ruth Davidson looks perplexed, but I know that she has studied the issue, and that was identified by the bidder concerned as the straw that broke the camel's back in terms of the takeover of Prestwick airport. Let's not underrate the challenges in building a strategic vision to keep Prestwick airport as an important part of the Scottish economy, but I can reassure her that that vision will be published in the next few days. It will set forward an exciting future for Prestwick airport, but it would be considerably assisted if Prestwick airport did not have to exist of its hands tied behind its back on the imposition of the outrageous duty of air passenger duty and its impact on the carriers at Prestwick airport. I'm glad to hear that this report will finally be published. I would point out to the First Minister that we have long backed a plan to return to private ownership. My colleague John Scott has rightly been working with people on the ground to make that happen. What we need from this report, which will be published in the next few days, is a proper route map so that workers at Prestwick and those who rely on it see that there is a proper future, and we won't get that from a fudge that, once again, sees this Government kick the can down the road. After more than a year of uncertainty, we need this sorted for the long term now. In that short term of office, in those final weeks and posts, can the First Minister ensure that he and his deputy as infrastructure secretary come back to this Parliament with their clear and unambiguous plans? I have thought that, Ruth Davidson, we know that the Deputy First Minister is going to the parliamentary committee on the 12th of next month to talk about exactly this issue, so that would be important to consider. What I don't understand about Ruth Davidson's attitude to this, if there hadn't been a private market failure, if we hadn't been unable to secure a private sector bid, the airport would have closed, and thousands of people would have been out of work. The industry, the aerospace, the highly successful aerospace industry around Prestwick would have been placed in substantial jeopardy. I had a conversation with Howard Davis, the Tory appointee, who is looking at the prospect of where to spend £40 billion, £50 billion or £60 billion on another runway for Heathrow or for Gatwick or building Boris's airport somewhere in the River Thames. I put it to Howard Davis. If he were to reduce air passenger duty for the north of England or give the Scottish Parliament the power to do something about it to increase the competitive position for direct international flights, he would relieve immediately some of the pressure on the London airports. Howard Davis looked to me and said that that would be a distortion of competition. Unfortunately, Ruth Davidson and her party live in a world where spending £40 billion, £50 billion and infrastructure in the south of England is not a distortion of competition, but allowing airports like Prestwick to survive and prosper by having a competitive rate of air passenger duty somehow is. That is the topsy-turvy world of London bias that the Conservative party of Prestwick, Scotland. I have a number of constituency questions that are very important to the members themselves. Can I ask that their questions and answers are brief to allow me to get through as many as possible? Graham Dey? Thank you, Presiding Officer. As the First Minister may be aware, John M Henderson, the long-established, air-broad-based engineering company, has gone into administration with the immediate loss of 89 jobs. Can I ask what action the Scottish Government is taking in response to this major blow to the economy and the affected employees and how, in particular, it might help the tremendous efforts that are being made by the Angus training group to assist apprentices caught up in this situation, find alternative opportunities to pursue the planned careers? I share the member's concern regarding the developments in respect of GM Henderson and the impact of that. They will have it in the employees affected, their families and, of course, the surrounding economy. Through the PACE initiative, we have been lazing closely with administrators on a redundancy support event that was held yesterday, Wednesday 29 of October. That provided an opportunity for employees to speak with local agencies. 67 employees and 17 of the modern apprentices attended, and three MAs, I am pleased to report, have found jobs following that discussion. I can assure the member that Scottish Enterprise and the industry sector will be fully engaged with PACE to try and ensure that, as many as possible, if there is a highly skilled workforce, it will follow that number of apprentices into secure employment as quickly as possible. The water supply to over 50 homes in the Tummel bridge area of Persia has been contaminated with E. coli and Salmonella, presenting clear health risks to the local population. Will the First Minister undertake to speak to Scottish Water and ask it to take urgent action to ensure that the long-awaited replacement water supply can now be put in place without further delay so that my constituents no longer have to rely on bottled water for drinking and cooking? I will secure from Scottish Water a further update on the efforts that it is making to secure the position of the supply in the member's area. I will communicate to that to him as quickly as possible. Alison Johnston I associate the Green and Independent Group of MSPs with colleagues' comments regarding the important contribution of Johann Lamont public life in Scotland. I am sure that the First Minister will share my serious concern about the loss of up to 45 jobs from the Scotsman newspaper titles, which is a huge loss to Scottish journalism and to this city. What reassurance can the First Minister provide that the Government places a high value on a thriving journalism sector and what support can it provide to local titles such as the evening news and those who look likely to lose their jobs? The Government officials met Paul Horan from the National Union Journalists yesterday in the context of the meeting with the STUC and media-based trade unions on possible submissions to the Smith commission, and that provided us with the opportunity to discuss the redundancies at Johnston Press. Obviously, each and every one of us, as public servants, has a substantial interest in a vibrant and successful written press in Scotland. We hope that the redundancies announced can be mitigated, but we hope and believe that those talented journalists will find secure employment elsewhere, if that is not possible. The position of the Scottish press and the pressure that it is under, I hope that the owners and titles understand that there is only so far that a journalistic complement can be reduced while maintaining the quality and ability of journalists to reflect the vibrant political life of Scotland. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. The First Minister will be upset as much as I am to hear that Henderson's buses in my constituency cease trading without warning to either its customers and especially its 150 staff. With potential job losses and no trade union representation at the company, can the First Minister tell me what action the Scottish Government will take to support the staff and the customers of this important company? The Scottish Government will implement the PACE initiative as quickly as possible and I assure the member that I will be happy and willing to arrange a meeting with the relevant minister to discuss how our constituency can be protected in terms of this unfortunate development. I, too, pay tribute to Johann Lamont. There is no doubting her commitment to social justice and she can be proud of her many achievements. I wish her well. To ask the First Minister what issues will be discussed at the next meeting of the Cabinet. Arrange of issues to carry forward the Government's programme for Scotland. Alison McInnes. Last week, the Mental Welfare Commission for Scotland raised concerns about the rise in the emergency detention of young people. It also highlighted the problems caused by the admission of children to general hospital wards. The Scottish Government has a policy to reduce the number of children sent to hospital wards that do not specialise in the care that they need. Can the First Minister explain why the number of children needing mental health care who were admitted to non-specialised wards actually rose last year to more than 200? The First Minister raised an important point. I had a meeting yesterday that touched on the exact issue. Perhaps I can arrange a meeting with the health secretary so that the member can develop the point and see what the plans are on the vision for the national health service to get back on track in terms of the reduction of children with mental health problems admitted to general wards. Alison McInnes. First Minister, there are growing calls for mental health to be given the same priority as physical health. When people are taken into emergency detention, this action is supposed to be signed off by a mental health officer, but the Mental Welfare Commission expressed concern last week that this does not always happen. It means that we cannot be sure that children are only taken into emergency detention with this safeguard in place. I do not know if the First Minister is leaving a note for his successor, but if he is, will he make sure that mental health services for young people are on the list of things to put right? I do not have to leave a note. My successor is sitting alongside me, and her interest and compassion commitment for the national health service is well-known and well-established. The member raises a serious issue. I think that it develops and should be taken in that fashion. That is why I arranged the meeting that I discussed, so that it can be pursued in all its detail to make sure that there is an adequate reply that satisfies Alison McInnes in terms of the future direction of this highly important matter. Question 4. To ask the First Minister what steps the Scottish Government is taking to reduce road accidents and casualties. One life lost on Scotland's roads is one too many. The effects of drink driving can be shattering to families and communities. That is why we are reducing legislation to Parliament to reduce Scotland's drink drive alcohol limit from 88mg to 50mg for every 100 millilitres of blood, bringing Scotland into line with most other European countries. Jim Eadie. Thank the First Minister for that answer. While the proposal to reduce the drink driving limit has been widely welcomed, does he agree that Scotland now has the opportunity to lead the way across the UK, not just in reducing the drink driving limit but through additional measures such as lower limits for newly qualified and professional drivers? However, in order for that to happen, this Parliament must have the further powers that are necessary so that we can save even more lives and prevent even more injuries in Scotland. First Minister. I think that the member makes a serious and important point. We do welcome the fact that we now have the power that we have now used or proposed to be used for this Parliament to discuss to make Scotland's roads safer through a lower alcohol limit. That is a very limited transfer of powers, however. There are major other aspects that could be part of a package of measures to bear down on that. For example, differential drink driving limits that the member mentioned. To decide, for example, whether it would be appropriate to give the police the power to undertake the random testing of drivers. I think that I was quite interested in the reaction to the initiative of the Justice Secretary earlier this week. I think that the public mood is ripe and ready for a further initiative to bear down on an aspect in conduct in society that still is disastrous in terms of its impact on victims and communities and, indeed, on the perpetrators themselves and their families. Therefore, I hope that the chamber will both support the initiatives from the Justice Secretary and will have a considered debate and discussion about the further area of powers that could be secured in order to go further in this highly important debate. Question 5, Neil Bibby. To ask the First Minister what the Scottish Government's position is on concerns regarding the impact that charging for SQA exam marking reviews could have on students. First Minister. I know that Neil Bibby will be aware that the SQA charges, including for the result services, are not paid by pupils or parents in state schools. They are paid by the local council and quite properly. The new system is fairer than the old appeals process as it allows a wider range of evidence to be considered for candidates who miss an exam through illness or other exceptional circumstances. In both independent and public sector schools, a request should only be made if there is a legitimate query about a pupil's result based on the professional judgment of the teacher. Neil Bibby. The First Minister will be aware that charges introduced this year means that pupils from private schools can pay up to £39.75 to appeal any exam result, yet in the state sector not only is there variation from council to council whether the school or local authority will pay for such appeals. There is also concern from parents and anecdotal evidence that those charges are acting as a disincentive to appealing for our pupils. The EIS has said that this week that pupils from private schools have an unfair advantage and that this is something that should not be allowed. The Scottish Parent Teacher Council has also said that this is an uncomfortable situation. Given those concerns, will the First Minister agree to contact the SQA and, as for an investigation and a view of the fairness and the charges relating to the new system? Neil Bibby should understand that the Association for Directive Education has made it clear that local authorities financed the costs of SQA entries. That is the latest statement of 10 February 2014. In state schools, the payment of SQA fees is met by the local authority. It would be entirely wrong to pass on this charge to hard-pressed families. That is the position and it should remain the position under this new system, which in many aspects has a substantial advantage over the previous system. To ask the First Minister what resources the Scottish Government has in place to service personnel and their families who have been affected by the conflict in Afghanistan. It is a responsibility for supporting service personnel lives with the MOD, but despite that, the Scottish Government is a record that has been acknowledged by military and veterans organisations of delivering first-class initiatives for veterans, including those who have served in Afghanistan. That includes the recent appointment of the Scottish Veterans Commissioner. That is the first appointment of its kind in the UK and the now well-established Scottish Veterans Fund, which is delivered with our partners in Veteran Scotland, which has provided more than £600,000 of funding to veterans organisations since 2008. Christine Grahame, I thank the First Minister for his answer. Reports this week state that the UK Government is failing to abide by its pledge and its armed forces covenant to give it an injured British soldiers priority for medical treatment in the years after their service, and that when help for heroes has estimated 75,000 service personnel could suffer mentally and physically as a result of operations in Afghanistan. What steps is the Scottish Government taking to ensure that our veterans receive the best possible care from our NHS? It is right and proper that the armed forces and veterans receive world-class service through the national health service. We have a strong record in delivering high-quality care to both armed forces and veterans. That has been detailed in our commitments paper. A significant advantage that has been made in Scotland for our veterans is that there is a wide range of specialist services that are already available—a dedicated pathway, for example, in the national state of our prosthetic service. Funding this year of £1.5 million was provided for that, as well as priority treatment for a number of service-related conditions. That strategy—the national mental strategy—is also delivering a range of commitments that will benefit veterans, including faster access to psychological therapies. The continued funding of specialist mental health services for veterans in partnership with NHS Scotland in combat stress is £1.2 million per year. I saw an answer in the House of Commons yesterday when there was some doubt about the identification of veterans in the armed forces. I hope and believe that that is not a significant problem in Scotland, but we shall check to make sure that that is the case, because all members of this chamber want to share a joint pride in the redemption of our obligation and commitment to veterans. I hope that the whole chamber is proud of our track record as a Parliament in supporting veterans and veterans organisations. Thank you for that answer, First Minister's questions. We now move to members' business. Members should leave the chamber, should leave quickly and quietly, and I'll give a few moments for that to happen.


This is the 2021-2022 budget review. What's in your budget? The panel includes Director of Finance Esther Rogobat, Chartered Accountant Grant Thornton, Richard Peterkin, Management Director St. Lucia Development Bank, Vincent Boland, and CEO of Invest St. Lucia, Roger Cherry. Your moderator is the Chief Economist at the Department of Finance, Live on the National Television Network NTN on partner stations, Sunday 18th, 2021 at 6 p.m. Join us as these panel of experts discuss the budget, latest economic and financial details and share their perspectives.