Today's recipe we're making tofu tacos, and I'm going to show you how to make the tofu so that it is more meat-like So that even your non-vegan friends can enjoy this recipe as well I'm going to be adding some corn and some black beans to our mixture and we're going to finish it off with some guacamole and Cheese so I'm rockin Robin, and I'm going to show you how to do it right after our chef joke So I'd like to start off with a little chef joke for you I'll have a second one for you a little bit later in the video So I tried to find some good tofu jokes for you today, but they were all tasteless We're going to begin with our tofu So what I have here is a block of firm or extra firm, whichever you can find firm is the best really And we're going to take it and we're going to crumble it in the bowl And you want to have the pieces be in a variety of sizes because what's what we're going to do here is we're going to end up cooking this in the oven and that's going to dry it out and We're going to have this variation in sizes of the little crumbles so that the small ones are going to be more Meaty more chewy and the bigger ones are going to be a little more tender and soft like you think of you know When you're eating tofu so that's going to give us a nice little variation in texture That's going to make it more like real meat so go ahead and crumble everything in I did not pat this dry I just kind of took it out of the container and just drain the excess water off To the tofu, I'm going to add some avocado oil or you can use olive oil if you want I'm going to give that a little stir And to this I'm going to add some ancho chili powder and I'm going to sprinkle it in so that it gets dispersed more evenly You can get all the Ingredients down below in the description of this video click down there where it says show more and If you want if you don't have ancho chili powder you could sub in regular chili powder Chipotle chili powder, you know, whatever you have Next I have some smoked paprika I'll give it a nice little smoky flavor And I also have some tamari sauce. This is a gluten-free version of soy sauce You could use soy sauce if you want I'll add a little bit of that And the tofu as you know is going to take on all these flavors because it basically has not a lot of flavor in it of itself Now some ground cumin and some oregano We're gonna add some garlic salt to this And a little bit of salt so we're gonna pour our tofu onto a parchment paper-covered baking sheet and we want to spread it out so that as it cooks it can actually dry out the tofu So we're gonna place this into a 350-degree Fahrenheit oven for 15 minutes then we'll give it a stir and then return it to the oven for another probably 20 minutes So now we can start by making some guacamole. So we've got some red onion here, which I'm going to finely dice Then we'll chop up some tomato into some small chunks add the avocado to a bowl Then we'll add the tomato and onion to the avocado Give that a little mash and then of course we want to add a fair amount of salt We'll blend that up and then it'll be ready for when we put our tacos together All right, so the tofu is still cooking in there. It's getting close to 30 minutes and We're gonna do something else here to help make this Tofu taste more like meat.  This is what you're looking for right here So now all we have to do is finish what we have here in our pot with our mushrooms.   We want to just heat this through And then I'm going to toss in the tofu Then we're just going to combine everything so all the flavors can get acquainted and the tofu can absorb it And this is our filling our main filling for our tacos While our tofu mixture is heating up on the stove. We have time for chef joke number two All right, here we go. What deadly martial arts are soybeans trained in? tofu Now let's put some tacos together. All right. I'm using corn tortillas. You can use flour tortillas You can use siete has a brand of tortillas that are Really good. So I would recommend that as well. Whatever you want to use. It's very customizable All right, what I like to do is take my tortilla oven, which is what I have here and I like to use this And I put these inside and pop them in the microwave for 30 seconds. They come out tender soft and hot and they stay that way for probably a half an hour Great for parties and things like that the other alternative is you could place these in a frying pan Just as simple as that on the stove Flip them over a couple times till they're hot and they're soft and you're good to go All right, we got our nice hot. Ooh hot tortillas here. I don't know if you can see them steaming, but they are Put them into my taco holder here. I have links to the taco holders If you want to check it out, maybe you want to get some yourself if you make a lot of tacos They're wonderful. They hold things in place I have a link for you in my description below the video. So check it out All right, so here's our tofu mixture with the black beans and the corn and the tomato everything it's just amazing and the texture on these is Delicious now all that we have left to add here is our homemade guacamole, which is always fantastic and I'm using I believe it's called miocos plant-based Cheddar cheese to keep this vegan You can use regular cheese if you want. It's very flexible like I said But this stuff tastes pretty darn amazing If you love taco Tuesday and you'd like to find some more taco recipes to enjoy on those days Well, I've got a link for you. Click that right over there. That's my playlist to all my taco recipes Check it out. Try some out and let me know what you think Thank you so much for watching today. Don't forget to subscribe to my channel Hit the notification bell and if you really enjoyed the video hit the like button for me. All right. We'll see you next week


Hi and how are you all today? My name is Priyanka and I shall be helping you with the following question. It says the total cost and demand function of an item are given by c is equal to x cube upon 3 minus 7x square plus 111x plus 50 and p is equal to 100 minus x respectively. Find the total revenue function and the profit function. Find the number of items when the profit will be maximum. Find the maximum profit also. So here we are given the cost function as x cube upon 3 minus 7x square plus 111x plus 50 and we are given the demand function p is equal to 100 minus x. So with the help of this demand function we can easily find out the revenue function. Revenue function is equal to when price is multiplied by the quantity which is sold. So it is 100 minus x into x that is 100x minus x square. So this is our total revenue function that is 100x minus x square. Further we need to find out the profit function. We can find out profit function by subtracting cost function from the revenue function. This is our revenue function right? So we have 100x minus x square minus cost function that is x cube upon 3 minus 7x square plus 111x plus 50. So it is equal to 100x minus x square minus x cube upon 3 plus 7x square minus 111x minus 50. Simplifying it further we have a positive 100 and a negative 111. So it is firstly in order minus x cube upon 3 plus 6x square minus 11x minus 50. So this is our profit function. Further we need to find out the number of items when the profit will be maximum. We know that profit is maximum when the first derivative of this profit function with respect to x is equal to 0 and the second derivative is less than 0. So let us find out the first derivative of this profit function equated to 0. Find out the value of x and then find out the second derivative. Substitute the value of x in that and find out whether it is less than 0 or not. So let us find out the first derivative of the profit function. We are given the profit function that is we have found out the profit function as minus x cube upon 3 plus 6x square minus 11x minus 50. So let us differentiate this profit function with respect to x. So we have minus 3x square upon 3 plus 12x minus 11. That is further equal to minus x square plus 12x minus 11. This is the first derivative. Now equate it to 0 and find out the value of x. We have minus x square plus 12x minus 11 equal to 0 now. That implies x square minus 12x plus 11 is equal to 0. This further implies x minus 1 into x minus 11 is equal to 0. This further implies x is equal to 1 or it is equal to 11. Now we will find out the second derivative also. We have d square e upon dx square equal to d by dx of the first derivative. So it is d by dx of minus x square plus 12x minus 11. This is the first derivative. This is further equal to minus 2x plus 12. Now when x is equal to 1 then d square p upon dx square will be minus 2 plus 12. That is a positive 10 which is greater than 0. So that means this is not the value of x. Now when x is equal to 11 then we have d square p upon dx square equal to minus 22 plus 12 which is minus 10 which is less than 0. So this implies that profit is maximum when x is equal to 11. Lastly we need to find out the maximum profit also. So what we will do is we will put the value of x that is 11 in profit function. We found out above our profit function as minus x cube upon 3 plus 6x square minus 11x minus 50 right. When x is equal to 11 it will be minus 11 cube upon 3 plus 611 square minus 11 into 11 minus 50 which is further equal to rupees 111.33 right. So this is our maximum profit that is rupees 111.33 pesos right. So this completes the whole session. Hope you understood. Remember to find out the maximum profit also as it is mentioned in the question right. So have a nice day.


Hi guys, welcome back to this channel and if it's your first time to come across this channel, consider subscribing. By the way, don't forget to press the notification bell, it'll be the only way you'll be updated when I upload a new video. For the returning subscribers, thank you so much for coming back to this channel. And in today's video, we are still looking at Oman, a new level in Oman. In today's video, we are going to look at what is the NOC role in Oman. Most of you have been living in Oman, most of you planning to go to Oman as for work, for any other business, as specifically right now we are talking about work. But again, there are some few things that you need to know, or there are some few things that you need to be aware when you go to that country to work. First of all, you need to know the labor laws that are being applied in that country. And today's video, we are going to look at NOC. Someone asked me a question, someone asked a comment question and said, What is NOC required to change jobs in Oman? The answer is yes. Remember, when we look at the Royal Oman decisions that were amended some way back, you find that there was a decree of 40-15 whereby article 1 of the labor law replaced article 14 of the executive regulations. And what does it mean that there were some new amendments in article 24? Meaning that those changes would allow someone to move or switch to another job or to a new employer, provided there are some restrictions or there are some steps that he needed to follow at one moment of time. Let me hope I'm right. Remember, when we were talking about these Gulf countries, some of these things we take so lightly like the articles in the labor laws, they are so very important that you need to understand them, as much as we want to push to other steps going to new employment, go to new jobs, but some of these amendments are very important for us to know. In today's video, I'm just going to read through what of the summary of what you need to do and exactly for the person who asked for the NOC, what exactly the executive regulations or the amendments that we are made regarding the NOC. Remember, the Royal Man Police decision amended some provisions of the executive regulations of the foreign residence law issued by the oral, the royal decree that is 40-15. Article 1 replaced article 14 of the executive regulations, meaning that with the amendment of article 24, new changes were made and an employee would change the employer. Changing in jobs meaning it became a little bit easier as the amendment of the article 24. However, those amendments had some regulations that you are supposed to follow before you can change jobs. Yes, NOC is not mandatory for you to change jobs, you don't need NOC to change to another employer, but you need to follow some guidelines for you to change to a new employer and those are the guidelines I want to go through, such that you can clearly understand if I'm going to change what am I supposed to do, if this is what am I supposed to do as the employer. One, changing jobs in the country made easier without being required, without requiring NOC requirement in order to change a sponsor. However, a few conditions you must follow. One, the expatriate residence visa may be transferred from one employer to another who has a license to recruit workers. Providing the evidence of expatriate residence visa is presented with proof. What does it mean that for you to change job to another sponsor, you need to first complete or to must have finished a contract with a former employer and it must be provided with proof that you've completed your contract with the former employer then you can seek to change employment or to a new sponsor and it's not just going to be a matter of saying or speaking words, but you must provide proof and that must be either a written document that is coming from your employer that he has completed contract with me. Sometimes there are some companies that ask certificate of service which you must provide. Condition two, the employee has to prove that they have completed the contract with their previous employer to join another company. Hope that is very clear. So for the my brother who asked for the question about changing jobs, yes you can change job without NOC but you need to first complete your contract with your employer before you can change your former employer before you can change to the new employer because they'll ask for proof. Hope I've replied you rightly. Thank you so much for coming back to this channel. By the way, don't forget to support this channel by subscribing and clicking the notification bell to be updated whenever we upload a new video. Thank you so much. See you again in the next video.


Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennett, and Dan Durier in The Woman in the Window. Ladies and gentlemen, your guest producer, Mr. Mark Hellinger. Greetings from Hollywood, ladies and gentlemen. Some years ago, I produced a picture called Brother Rocket, starring Edward G. Robinson in one of those gangster roles he made so famous. During the making of that film, Eddie expressed to me an ultimate desire to put down his revolver and interpret characters of more variety in scope. Well, he has such a role tonight. He's a quiet and scholarly professor in the unusual drama The Woman in the Window from International Studios produces of Tomorrow is Forever. Not for very long, however, does he lead the calm, scholastic life.  Co-star in our cast, from one of the fairest, oldest, most respected families, is Joan Bennett. Also, Dan Durier, who was hurried west from his native New York City to be with us in tonight's play. Now, from coast to coast, the curtain rises on The Woman in the Window starring Edward G. Robinson as Professor Wanley, Joan Bennett as Alice Reid, and Dan Durier as Height. Thus, in Midtown, New York City, a scorching July day has ended and now, before the evening rush to theaters, the streets are almost empty. There's a clubhouse just off the fairing, an unpretentious, dignified, brownstone building. And waiting in front of it is an unpretentious, dignified gentleman. Next to the clubhouse is an art gallery. Slowly, the gentleman walks over and gazes into the window enchanted by the provocative face that smiles at him from a newly painted canvas. He is unaware that two men now stand behind him. Just look at him. Richard Wanley, Associate Professor of Applied Psychology pulled over by a picture of a pretty girl. I wonder how long we have to stand here before he notices us? Oh, uh, Frank. Michael. Well, how are you? Been waiting long? Oh, no. I say, who is she? The girl of the quarter. We haven't the faintest idea. But she's definitely our green girl, of course. We noticed her last night. Well, it's an extraordinary painting. And the model probably isn't extraordinary woman. How about dinner? I'm starved. Good. Family get off all right, Richard? Yes, this afternoon, and I'm lonesome already. Now, to tell the truth, Richard, you're thrilled over the prospects. Well, who wouldn't be? The bachelorhood? No, I repeat, gentlemen.  Love and have dinner. Well, that's what I call a meal. Well, what's on the program now? I suggest a drink, a cigar, and a good old talkfest right here in the club.  Frank, what about the, uh, the Stork Club? That's more like it. Now, what's gotten into you tonight? The two of you.  Well, it's all over the traces. Whoopies. We want to see you celebrate. It'll do you good. Well, that's a fine prescription, Michael, from one of the city's most respected doctors. It's an excellent prescription, Frank.  Some that your office may be thinking of closing up. Oh, now, look, look, we're three old crocs. That sort of shamanicans is not for us. Oh, so I'm an old croc, eh? Richard is absolutely right. It's a darn good thing, too. Good thing? I didn't say it's a good thing. I rather doubt that it is for men of our age. I'm stuffy and stodgy in all the brightness of life, the spirit and adventure. Well, it's all gone by now. Oh, come now, Michael, we're just kidding. Only as far as tonight's concerned, I've got to be at the hospital in 30 minutes, but in principle, I was not kidding. Eh, if you and Richard worked with the police as I do, you'd see what happens when middle-aged men try to act like colts. You'd know that tragedy starts out of the nearest trifle, a casual impulse to do something daring and idle flirtation. Youth can handle such things, but we, eh, judging from that look you're giving me, Richard, I am in fretting on a tender spot. Oh, nonsense. I'm giving you any look at simply one of academic disagreements. You see, with me, the flesh is still strong. It's the spirit that grows weaker by the hour. Yes, even if adventure should beckon to me, in the form of, well, of that most alluring woman in the window next door. I'll trade all I do as clutch my coat a little tighter than one like the devil. Well, at least you could get her phone number for me first. Well, I'm sorry to break this up, but I'm on my way. Wait a second, you'll give me a lift. Oh, what about dinner tomorrow night? Excellent. Richard? First, shall we say here, seven o'clock? Good. Oh, uh, do you think it's safe to leave me here alone in my rebellious state of mind? That depends on your plans. Hmm, a drink, glance at a book, and home and bed by 11 o'clock. Oh, good night. Good night. Good night, Michael. See you tomorrow. Oh, uh, Charles. Yes, sir? Uh, Charles, uh, I'd like a scotch and soda. I'm going to read here for a while. Oh, uh, will you be sure to remind me when it's 10.30? Yes, sir. You know, these absent-minded professors, sometimes I lose all track of time. I'll remind you, sir, 10.30. Professor Wanley? Professor Wanley? Hmm? Oh, uh, oh, Charles. How fast 10, sir? I didn't fall asleep. I'm afraid you did, sir. Well, well, I better be getting on home. Shall I get your car, sir? No, no, no. I'll park just next door in front of that art gallery. Good night, professor. Good night, Charles. Hey, Mr. Oh, uh, no, no, no, thanks. That dame in the picture. Some tomato. Yeah, some tomato. The woman in the window. What did I tell Frank? I'd clutch my coat a little tighter and run like... Well, what do you think of it? I beg your pardon? The portrait. What do you think of it? Well, it's an amazing po... Why? Why, it's you. You're the one... Yes, I posed for it. Well, then, my turn. You mean it looks like? Oh, more than that, it is you. I shouldn't be talking to you. It's just that every now and then I like to wander over here and watch people's reactions when they see the portrait. Oh, you mean, Mike, uh, just now? How did I react? Well, there are only two reactions. One is a kind of solemn stare at the painting, and the other is a long, low whistle. Well, which was mine? I'm not certain, but I suspect that in another moment you might have given a long, long time. Well, that, uh, rather embarrasses me. Well, you don't look like a man given to whistles. Oh, no, no, it's, uh, well, if my admiration was that obvious, I'm afraid you might misunderstand what I feel like. What if I said that I'd like very much to have a drink and talk for a few minutes? Well, you must excuse me if I... if I appear completely bewildered. I am. Well, I have no designs on you, and one drink is all I'd care for. Is that all right? Well, it's fine. And, uh, thank you. Thank you very much. Well, it's so funny. Well, I was just thinking of a couple of my friends. I can't wait until I tell them about this. You see, uh, they admired your portrait, too. I have a few other subjects that the same artist painted. Would you care to see them? Oh, very much. Then you can take me home. Well, it's, uh, a little late, isn't it? Besides, I, uh, recently was warned against the siren call of the day. At my age. Is this adventure? Oh, yes, yes it is. I, I should never have come here to have a drink with you. Never? No. But I think I'd like to see those other paintings. Very much. I've never seen fine a composition in shading. Well... I have a bottle of wine inside. Let's have a drink before you go. This is much too pleasant to break up. I should say no. I haven't had a drink in a while. I've never had a drink in a while. I should say no. I haven't had the slightest consent. I'll be right there. Talk to us, I. Well, it's, it's the wire around the top of the bottle. Do you have something I can cut the wire with? Well, how about these scissors? No time. Is that your door? Well, yes, it's... Who? I don't know it. It couldn't be. Oh, it's probably someone trying to locate somebody else in the building. That's what happens when you live on the ground floor. Ellis, I just got in town tonight. Oh, Fred, Fred, I... Who are you? Well, there's really no reason to be upset. My name is... Fred. Fred, darling, listen to me. I warned you. I told you if I were fun, you'd double crossin' me. You...  Stop hitting her. And you...  And you... I haven't sakes, man. You don't know what you're doing.   Give me the scissors. You hurry. Get away from here, Ellis. Stop. You... Please hurry. What are you... Oh, no. No, don't. Is... Is he... Yes. Yes, I... I think so. I... I'd better telephone the police. What's his name? Howard. Fred Howard. That's what he told me. You... You don't think that's his right name? I don't know. He... He's not... He's not... He's not... He's not... He's not... He's not... He's not... He's not... He's not breathing. No. He never told me where he lived or anything. He's just someone I knew, but he's so jealous in his temper. It's horrible. I'd see him maybe once or twice a week, but always alone. You... You better tell me the truth. I am telling you the truth. You said you always saw him alone, and how did you meet him? On a train. Why? Who knows that he saw you at all? Unless he told someone, which I doubt. No one. You never mention him to anyone? Not his name. Not even the name he gave me. Do you think there's something we can do? I'll do anything. I don't want to go to jail. Please, please try to keep calm. Let's think this out. He was trying to kill me. There's no question about that.  What if the police say it was self-defense? I'm ruined any which way my whole life. You're thinking of something. What is it? No, I was wondering if we have been mad for something. Something dangerous that would shut the door on us completely if we were caught. Anything you say.  I'd die. Now, if nobody knows about you, if nobody saw him come here, how could either of us be connected with this murder of his body with harm miles away from here? But how? My car's still parked in front of the archaeologist. I'll drive it back here. Then what? I'll take the body. I'll leave it somewhere in the country. It'll be found, but maybe not for a week or so. You go for the car and I wait here? Would you be afraid?  I don't even know who you are. There isn't a man in the world who wouldn't try to get out of a mess like this if he could. We mustn't quarrel. If we do that, we're lost. Why can't I go with you? Because we mustn't be seen together. There's no need for me to tell you who I am if we're successful. All right. But leave something here. I don't understand. Leave something that would identify you if you don't come back. That's fair enough. That's my hat. I have a vest I always wear a vest even in summer. It'll do. All right. Now we have to move fast. Look, almost no blood at all. That's very fortunate. Now watch the scissors. Here. Now better boil them. Finger prints, you know. The police do miraculous things with clues.  I'll be very careful. Nearly one o'clock. There may be some time getting back. Why? I don't know why. I only know that I want to be cautious. I just don't get panicking called a police.  That's a hurry. That's a hurry. Sir, yes, officer. Sure. Oh, by nothing. Let's see your license. Yes, sir. What are you sweating for? Am I? Nice and cool now. Oh, yes. Name's Warnley, huh? Got any other identification? Well, I have a pencil. My initials have engraved on it. Here in my best box. Oh, yes, sir. That's my best home. How about a letter? Here. It's from the president of Gotham College. Let's see it. Professor, huh? Associate, professor. I know it sounds foolish, but I assure you, I wasn't aware I was speeding. Speeding? I didn't tag you for speeding. You, uh... No. You're light. Don't you ever turn them on at night? Oh. Oh, oh, I-I-I'm sorry. Okay. Get going, professor, but watch those lights from now on. Yes, yes, I will, officer. Thank you. I thought you'd never get back. Sorry. I wondered about it myself. Before I forget, my name is Reed, Alice Reed, in case you have to come back. Well, if we're lucky, I won't have to come back. Now, uh, we better get rid of anything that might identify him. I've already done that. You searched him? Had to be done, didn't it? Here's his wallet and his watch. A watch? What are those initials? CM. CM? That doesn't sound like Fred Howard, does it? Put the watch for the other things.  Now, uh, what about this rug? Well, there's only that one small spot. Well, wash it very thoroughly. A laboratory can find signs of blood that the naked eye could never see. I'll take care of it. Now, do exactly what I tell you, please. Otherwise, we might as well give ourselves up. We've got to think of everything in advance. Now, remember that. I will. Now, uh, when I leave here, I want you to go over to Hope- and wash these glasses and put them back on the shelf and get rid of that champagne bottle. There mustn't be one sign that you had any visitors tonight, him or me or anyone else. Well, looks as if I'm ready. I'll get a blanket. Good. I'll bring it right back. He's quite heavy. It's all clear. I've got to hurry now. You forgot something. Here. Oh, my best. Thank you. I won't see you again, I suppose. Well, for both our sakes, I hope this ends the whole thing completely and forever. All right, then. Goodbye. Goodbye. In just a moment, my challenger will present act two of The Woman in the Window, starring Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennet, and Dan Durier. Two of The Woman in the Window, starring Edward G. Robinson as Professor Wanley, Joan Bennet as Alice Reed, and Dan Durier as Hyte. A remote section of Westchester County, the body of a man sprawls grotesquely in a clump of underbrush, just beyond the barbed wire fence. The ground is wet, or it rained hard last night, but still visible on the barbed wire is a drop of blood. It's nine o'clock at night. Professor Richard Wanley has just finished dinner with his friend Dr. Barxtain. Quite unnoticed, beneath the sleeve of Wanley's coat is a fresh, clean, white bandage. A cut from barbed wire can leave a nasty wound. Well, Richard, heard yet from Grace and the kids? Yes, I had a wire this morning, arrived safe, an eventful trip all fine. No doubt you proceeded to spoil them with an immediate answer. Well, I wrote Grace this afternoon. I told her I'm lonelier than I ever have been. You look positively wistful. Well, darn garnet, I do miss her. I wonder what's giving Frank, you didn't say? Only that he was phoning from the Peace Commissioner's office. He sounded excited. Well, here he is now. Frank? Oh, hello, Michael. Richard? Hello. Sorry I missed dinner. Well, count for yourself. Claude Mazard has disappeared. What do you mean, disappeared? Mazard left Washington yesterday afternoon. He arrived at Penn Station last night and vanished completely. Mazard, the finance here? Yes. The police are waiting for him until midnight. If he doesn't show up, we're giving it to the newspapers. Then what's the fireworks? The stock market? And how? Uh-oh. What did he look like? I mean, what sort of fellow is he? Perfect nuisance. I knew him. He used to be a patient of mine. Oh? I didn't know that. Nerve, blood pressure, the most ungovernable temper I've ever seen. Well, I guess. Because that doesn't show up per day why assume he's been murdered. I didn't say he was murdered. Well, what I... What did you know, man? Yes, Charles. A telephone for you, sir. Oh, thanks. Be right back. Excuse me. I don't know why I said Mazard was murdered, but Frank's whole manner, it seemed to indicate violence of some kind. Frank suspects it, too. His head's up like a bird's eye. Oh. He's on the center of something. I beg your pardon, gentlemen. Uh, Charles. Mr. Lawler's phone call. He had to go right to his office. He said you would understand. Well, well, well. Yeah, Michael, I've, uh... My brother a bad headache. Uh, if you don't mind, I think I'll run on home. Well, I'm rather tuckered myself. You want something to that head? No, no, no. It's just the heat. Some nerve of Frank leaving us high and dry about Mazard. Well, maybe he'll know more about it tomorrow. I'll get him a call in the morning. Is he well? He'll probably be busy. Nonsense. I'll see that we meet Frank tomorrow and get the whole sordid story.  Home? Oh, yes, yes, sir. I'll be home all day. We won't be seeing Frank, then. He'll be all tied up. Well, better thanks. Yes, sir. Thanks for calling, Michael. Waiting to hear all about it. Well, by now you've read the papers, but here's something. Mazard was not killed when the body was found. Well, how do you know that? You've got tire marks of a parked car, the rain, you know, and the ground result. We also have a man's footprints. Uh, deep prints when he was going into the woods carrying the body. Uh, lighter coming back. Yes, the shoe prints should be very helpful. Shoe prints? Uh, these were well-worn shoes. They told us quite a bit. Don't be so indefinite. Well, the man weighs about 160 pounds, wears a size 8 shoe, and is probably in moderate circumstances. Well, that's, uh, rather a guess now, isn't it? No, the shoes have been half-sold. We like evidence like that. It doesn't help us name the murderer, of course, but once we line up a suspect, these things are positive checks against him. The car, the shoes, the kind of suit he wore. You know that, too? Oh, yes. And his blood. Inspector Jackson found blood on a wire fence. It didn't match with Mazards.  Did I say barbed wire fence? Well, uh, didn't you? No. But it was barbed wire, of course. I was only trying to impress you fellas with my keenness. Well, in that case, Frank, I'll give you a chance to impress the whole city. Look at this. At what? Here, under my sleeve. See? Bandaged. Doesn't this suggest something to you, Frank? Yes. You see my name on the front pages and you make a desperate effort to elbow your way into the case by insinuating that you're the guilty man. But it's no use, my boy. You've wounded yourself for nothing. Did you ever see such selfishness? That's bandage, Richard. What happened? Oh, a couple of days ago, I cut it on a tin can. It's nothing. Would you like to hear what the police think? Bet we would. Well, this afternoon we got a line on a woman. Now, who she is... Wait a minute. Looking for me, Williams? Oh, yes, Mr. Lawlard. One of the boys on the staff. Be right back. Frank's a very smart man, Michael. Yes, he is. Richard, what's the matter? Oh, I... I haven't been feeling it, if you will. Missing the family, eh? Yes, very much. And a headache yesterday. I think you could do with a few capsules. Capsules? I'll write a prescription. Two a day should prep you up considerably. Oh, uh, you, uh... You don't walk in your sleep, do you? Not that I know of. Why?  Poison? Technically, no. It's, uh... It's a gland concentrate. But too much of it would hit the old heart like a sledgehammer. Instantly? Oh, 20 or 30 minutes and... Uh, what's going on here? Oh, just a prescription for Richard. It not only kills you if you take him out, but it leaves no trace. Just a case of heart disease. That's all you could say. Oh, fine. Uh, Frank, uh, a minute ago, you mentioned the woman. Oh, yes. Well, the police had a theory this afternoon. Uh, Mazard was a bachelor, but he had a girlfriend. They're certain of that. But they don't know who she is. Well, Mazard probably called on her. A man was already there. A man the girl liked better than Mazard. Well, how would the police know that? Well, because she's made no effort to bring the killer to justice or identify herself. There's just a theory, of course. I said that. Well, Mazard is killed. They get rid of his body. But now these two people, this man and this woman, sit hating and fearing each other, each wondering how long it'll be before the other blabs out the whole story. Always a woman, eh? Oh, that was the theory this afternoon. Oh, they've changed their minds? Uh, William just told me something that pulls the rug right off him out of that theory. Really? It seems that Mazard's partners were always afraid that he'd get into trouble. They knew his temper. So they hired a bodyguard, a fellow by the name of Martha Hite, to follow him secretly at all times. The bodyguard has also disappeared. Then he could be the murderer, couldn't he?  Or he might have witnessed the murder and is getting rid of the blackmail the killers. But even if he's 100% innocent, Hite still won't walk in and talk. Well, why do you say that? Why wouldn't he? Well, because he's the known crook for the blackmailing record. He's wanted now for at least two other raps. We'll get that gentleman only when we run him down, not before. Nice fellow to pick for a bodyguard. Don't ask me why Wall Street geniuses do anything. He was tough and strong, and I suppose that's all they thought about. Anyway, I'm going up to Westchester tomorrow morning to look over this place where they found the body. Want to come along? I wish I could. But I've got a date with some gallstones. Richard? Oh, go along by all means. Well, I'm afraid that... Or he'll go, Frank. I'm his physician, and I order him to go. Give you something to think about, Richard. Well, uh, all right. Good. Inspector Jackson will be with me. We'll try to show you how the law operates the nail-a-man. How much further, Inspector? Just a half a mile or so. Well, I must say this is quite an adventure for me. Uh, Richard, that hand of yours seems to be bothering you. Let me see. Oh, throughout's a little nothing serious. What's the matter with your hand, Professor Wenley? Well, I, uh... I was opening a can the other night, and the can opened a slip. Oh. But all around the bandage, that rash there... Oh. Well, that's poison ivy, isn't it? Oh, as a matter of fact, it is. The day after I cut it, I played golf, looked for lost balls, and caught him do some poison ivy. And nasty stuff. Oh, Mr. Lola. Yes? We picked up that woman this morning. Good. What's she got to say? We'll know in a few minutes. They've got her at the scene now. Woman? Oh, uh, that theory you were telling me about, Frank. Uh, yes, yes. Uh, before we talk to her, Inspector, I'd like to do some looking around. Okay. Well, here we are. That's the place down there where you see the girl. The woman's waiting in William's car, Mr. Lola. Shall we take a look in the woods now? Uh, yes. I want to point out to the professor just what you've learned. Oh, please. I really wouldn't want to... It's a pleasure. Well, back there is where the car was parked. We know it had Goodrich tires, 716s, about 20,000 miles. A motorcycle officer recalls seeing a car. That might be the one we're looking for. Oh. Did he see who was in it? A man. But he couldn't make a positive identification. Well, let's look at where he dumped the body. Uh, Richard. Yes? Are you going to be our guide? Oh, do you mean I'm walking in the right direction? Straight as an arrow. Well, now. Very odd. I wasn't even thinking of where I was going. Oh, don't get nervous, Richard. We rarely arrest people just for knowing where the body was. Now, our killer didn't know about this fence. He couldn't go any farther, so he just dumped the body over here. Is it? Yes. He tore his coat. Probably the sleeve when he lifted the body over. We found a couple of shreds of wool and fiber. They couldn't have been from measured clothes. Different materials. And we got that sample of blood from this bar up here. Mm, measured with a heavy man. The murderer certainly didn't pick himself an easy job. Oh, especially at night. Well, yes, it might have been at night. I'd rather figure it out along about daybreak. Well, I thought the newspaper said night. We can go back now. I'll tell you, what are those boards doing over there? The men put them there yesterday. They found some poison ivy. Poison ivy? Richard, look as if you'd better do some more explaining. Well, closing in on me, huh? If you'd only confess, Professor, we could wrap this whole case up before lunch. Oh, no, no, no, not me. You're going to have to work for this one, Inspector. Just wait till he sees the woman. He'll break down completely. Well, if you don't mind, I'll skip that part. Oh? I've, uh... I've been having headaches for the last few days. If it's all right, I'll just rest a while in your car. Oh, sorry, Richard, sure. I'll be in a few minutes. How's the head? Feeling any better? Yes, a little, thanks. Well, we'll be on our way directly. What does the woman have to say? Very little. She's got something on her conscience. But what woman hasn't? Well, uh... Where did they find her? Oh, a second-class hotel off Broadway. She seems a lot too dingy for Mazard. He'd do better than that, I'm sure. Oh, cheap looking. Uh, bottom of the barrel. What about Richard who dropped the woman angle anyway? It's the bodyguard who's hot now. Very hot. The bodyguard. Yes, I see. Professor Wongley? Yes? This is Alice Reed. Miss Reed, how did you know my phone number? How'd you know my name? Have you seen the early edition? No. Your pictures in the paper. Congratulations. Will you please tell me what you're talking about? Wait a second, I'll read it to you. Here it is. Dr. George F. Reynolds, president of Dawson College, yesterday announced the promotion of Richard Wongley to head of the Department of Psychologists. Oh. Oh, yes, yes, of course. I wasn't expecting it to fall. Did I frighten you? I suppose so, isn't it? Have you heard anything from anyone? Have you? No, not so far. Oh, I'm not wearing now. I'm sure we're out of this. I hope so. And I'm not going to bother you, believe me. Oh, here it is. Fine, all right. I'm rather glad I heard from you. Well, there goes my buzzer. I'd better hang up. Yes, but... Bye. Coming. Who is it? Open up, Miss Reed. Who is it? My name is Hyte. Arthur Hyte. I'm here to talk about our friend Mr. Mazad. I don't know you and I don't know your friend Mr. Mazad, so beat it. You don't want me to get tough, do you? I don't care how tough you get. You're not coming in here. I'm not kidding, lady. Open the door or I go to the cops. Come in. Thanks, Miss Reed. I'll say what you've got to say and get out of here. Sure. In case you didn't hear, there's a reward of 10,000 bucks for information leading to the arrest of the murderer of Claude Mazad. You didn't come here to tell me that. I wonder if you're going to say you never heard of Mazad, save your breath. I've tailed him here a dozen times. He's been here, but not under that name. I never knew who he was until I saw the papers, so you're the one who's wasting your breath. I don't think I am. Honestly. I know nothing whatever about the death of Mr. Mazad. Nothing? Okay. Then you won't mind a bit if I just take a look around in here. Sit down and relax, honey. This may take me quite a little while. I'm with Act 3 of The Woman in the Window, starring Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennett, and Dan Durier. G. Robinson is Professor Wanley, Joan Bennett is Alice Reed, and Dan Durier as Height. Reed has stood helplessly by, watching her visitors search her apartment with frightening thoroughness. A pounding heart is common now, or it's apparent that the bodyguard of the murdered man has discovered very little. Now that you ransacked my rooms, Mr. Height, suppose you tell me what you're looking for. I wouldn't know that, Miss Reed, till I find it. But I'd be glad to settle for a trace of blood, or a photograph, or even a confession. Confession. I can't understand it. Everything here has been wiped so clean. Pretty good housekeeper, I guess. Thanks. Yes, sir, not a fingerprint anywhere. Not even where you'd think they'd be naturally. Oh, I picked up these scissors inside. Are these the ones he was stabbed with? They've been cleaned off real good, but I think I'll pick them along. Anything else? As a matter of fact, there is. This, Miss Reed, this gold pencil. Oh. I found it in your dressing room. The pencils engraved are W. Now that doesn't stand for Alice Reed, and it doesn't stand for Claude Mazard either. Whose is it, baby? What's his first name? R for Robert, or Ralph, maybe? I'm getting warm, all right. There's no question about that in my mind. All right, what do you want? Well, the way I figure it, you just don't want the police nosing around here, is that right? Who does? Well, that's what I mean. Well, it's a $10,000 reward out for just the sort of information I got. But the way I see it, if I got $5,000 from you, I'd be perfectly satisfied.  I haven't got $5,000.  You don't want me to do anything like that, Miss Reed. Mr. Mazard was a rich man. You can't tell me you didn't get something out of him. Don't forget, you'll be a lot better off dealing with me than the homicide squad. I have a pen and bracelet. They must be worth at least $1,000.  No, man. Nothing like that. Nothing but cash. $5,000. Cash. You know you're just bluffing. If you can get a $10,000 reward, why should you be satisfied with my $5,000? Suppose I tell you to whistle for it. Do you want to take a chance on that?  If you were in the clear, you'd have called the cops a minute I stuck my nose in here. That's why you got to look at it my way, don't you see? I'll have to think it over. Yes. You think it over and see if I'm not right. And I'll be back here tomorrow night. No, don't worry. Just get the cash, and that'll be the end of the whole business. Talking to the monument. Riverside Drive. 20 minutes? All right, 20 minutes. What do we do, walk?  There's something else. The night had happened, you forgot to take something out of your vest. A gold pencil. Oh, that's what it's been. I kept it because I wasn't sure of you. I wanted something just in case. I found the pencil? Yes.  Let me stand down. It doesn't matter. I don't expect you to pay all the money. I have a little, and I can raise some more on some jewelry. Well, you're very fair, Alice. Very generous. It'll be worth it to get rid of him. But it won't get rid of him. You pay him once, it'll go on as long as we live. But if we don't, he'll set the police on us. No, that's blackmail. You pay, or it'll blow falls. So what can we do? Well, let's not talk anymore now. Meet me here tomorrow morning, 10 o'clock. You think you can figure out something? Alice, there are only three ways to deal with a blackmailer.  Or you can call the police and take the consequences. Or you can kill him. Just three ways. Are you going home now? Yes, but on my way, I'm stopping at a drugstore. There's a prescription I want to get filled. Did you notice anyone following you? No, I don't think so. But I'm frightened. Well, I give you my word. The police don't even know we're alive. I've been to the bank. And I take this envelope. That's $5,000 in it. I can pay some of it back. Well, we'll worry about that later. When you see Hyde tonight, don't give him all of it. Tell him you can raise it all. That he'd have to come back tomorrow. You mentioned a prescription last night. Yes, have you? Any idea what it is? I think I have. Send the envelope to some capsules. Open the capsules and check out the powder. In liquid, it dissolves almost instantly. The drug is happening to mention that. How many capsules are needed? I wrote it all down. There's an open box. But if you don't think you can go through with it, we'll work out some other plan. I can do it. How soon is the drug effective? 20 to 30 minutes. Once he takes it, make sure he leaves your apartment. Well, we better separate now. Yes. Wish me luck. Good luck. If you lose your nerve, don't get frightened. We'll find another way. I'll phone you tonight after he's gone. I'm in, Mr. Height. Thanks.  Is that get up for my benefit? I'm glad if you like it, of course. That Mazard knew how to pick him all right. Okay, where's the dough? Well, $5,000 is a lot of money. Yeah. I haven't been able to raise it all yet. But I will tomorrow. How much have you got? 2,900. That's about what I guess. What do you mean? 2,900. That's the kind of a figure I'd say if I had some other idea in mind. Not too little. Not too much. Don't you believe me? Who told you to hand me this line? Nobody. Nobody, huh? Is it all right? Here. It's in this envelope. Yeah. You know, you're pretty cute. Is it all right? I'll take it. What else can I do? Well, now, if you don't mind, I think I need a drink. Would you like one? What have you got? I'm going to have a scotch and soda. Make it two. Sit down. I'll be back in a minute. Long dinner. Here. Here's your drink. Thanks. You know, I've been sitting here thinking. Oh? Where's the boyfriend all this time? There isn't any boyfriend. You don't believe a thing I say, do you? I'm just naturally what they call a cynic, honey.  What's the use of my trying to tell you anything? So everything's kosher? Yes. Then why are you giving me this doll? Just because you like me? I'm giving it to you because I don't want to get involved in any way. You can't tell what they try to hang on me. Oh, honey. Well, you're not drinking. Wait a minute. How would you like to get out of this whole thing? Get out of it? Yes. Completely. How? I'll be leaving town soon, Mexico. You can come along. Think about it for a minute. I'm not such a bad guy. I didn't say you were. Take a look in the mirror, beautiful.   In a jam like this, you've got to look out for yourself. Yes, I suppose so. When would we leave? Tomorrow. Tomorrow. Well, I'll have to do some phoning. I can't have people running to the police getting excited about me disappearing. Yeah, you'll have to watch that. Is it a deal then? I guess so. I guess it is. Look at me, baby. Yes, sir. Mazad sure could pick up. Well, you leave it to me and we'll do all right. I don't seem to have any choice.  Here. Here's some more ice. Well, here's to us. You really want me to drink this? Why not? Uh-uh. You take it. But I have a drink. I know. I'll take yours and you take mine. What's the matter? Nothing. Drink it. Drink it, I said. What do you take me for, some punk kid? I don't know what you're talking about. No, then why wouldn't you drink it? You gave me 2,900 bucks. Now let's have the rest of it. There isn't any more. Will you stop acting like I'm a school kid? Get the rest of that dough and... Wait a minute. Stay right where you are. Right under my nose all the time. I thought that book looked kind of fast. Hiding a dough in a book on a bookshelf. And a watch. A gold watch behind the book. You are mature. How could you lie to Pappy like that? All right. I did lie, but it's all there. You've got your money. Now get out. A watch with Maser's initials on it. CM. I'm taking this too, honey.  Another 5 grand. How do you like that? Like tomorrow night? It's no use. I can't do it. You try anyway. And I'll be around tomorrow night again just to see what luck you have. You know those capsules I gave you? Well, I've got some of them here right now in front of me. If something had gone wrong, I've been thinking they'd be my only way out. Well, you mustn't talk like that. Well, there's no need to now, is there? Please, listen to me. What's the matter? He's too smart. He figured it all out. More and more and more. I don't know what else I could have done. He'll be back tomorrow night. What can we do? I don't know. I haven't any more money. I just don't know. I'm too tired to think about it. Twenty-thirty minutes. Twenty-thirty minutes. You talking to me? Yeah. I'm from police headquarters. What were you doing in that apartment house? Detective, huh? Mind if I ask to see your badge? What's the matter? Don't you believe? He's stuck him back in the building there. I see him. Stay where you are, Corporal. There's no time shooting. You better drop that gun. I said, stay where you are. Sorry, but I... What do you want to start shooting for? Just didn't want to burn, I guess. He killed Mazard. You're sure of that, Inspector? Look. Look what's in his pocket. That watch? See the initials on it? C-E-M. Would you look at that bankroll? Yeah. Mazard always carried a roll. Funny, I was beginning to get an entirely different angle on this case. Well, this washes it up, I guess. Well, here comes the neighborhood. Stay here. Keep him back, and I'll go tell him. Yes, sir. All right. Stand back now. Stand back. Wheeze it, Officer. Wheeze it. Only the guy that bumped off Claude Mazard, that's all. Did you hear what he said? The guy who killed Mazard? Yes, I heard. Excuse me, please. Excuse me. What's the matter, lady? Don't you feel good? Operator. Operator, I've been trying to dial Morningside 8-5-3-5-4. And there's no answer. But I know there's someone there. I know it. Morning. Check it, please, and see if the line's out of order. Oh, please. It's very important. One moment, please. All on a sleep. Sleep? I've been asleep? Yes, sir. A dream. It was all a dream, sir. Charles, I can't tell you how happy I am to see you again. Well, thank you, sir. Well, I'll get my hat and run long on home. Oh, this pencil, sir. I think this is your pencil, isn't it? Yes, yes. Where was it? In the dining room. You must have left it there when you signed the dinner check. Well, it wouldn't do to lose this, Charles. My wife gave it to me as it's going away present. She went away this afternoon. Thank you, Charles. Good night. A pleasant dream. Oh, no, thanks. Say, hmm, that dame in the picture. Some tomato. Yes, my boy. Some tomato.


Well, greetings everybody. I'm Graham Upton and I'm delighted to have been awarded an honorary degree by SOAS this year. I worked in SOAS for eight months last year as Director of Transformation and Change and Interim Director. And what a special eight months they were. Looking back I see them very much as representing the culmination, the apex of my career. I grew up in Australia and I started my career as a school teacher, working with children with special needs. I then moved into academic life and worked in a number of universities here in the UK and elsewhere in the world before I moved into university management. First at Cardiff, then Birmingham and then at Oxford Brookes where I was Vice Chancellor for ten years. Since finishing at Brookes I've become seen as something of an expert on institutional management and change and before coming to SOAS I spent periods of between eight and fifteen months as Interim Vice Chancellor of four other universities. Universities that are running into difficulties of some sort and where I was asked to come in and help out. When I arrived in SOAS it was just at the very beginning of the COVID crisis and that presented unprecedented problems for all UK universities and SOAS was no exception. Potential recruitment problems threatened our financial viability and the dream that was SOAS was under threat. During my time though here I was privileged to work with a team of people who were determined not to let that happen and what that team achieved in a short period of time was truly remarkable and one person even described it to me as being magical. Now I was very quick to tell that person that magic had nothing whatsoever to do with it but what had made the difference was the commitment and determination of people at all levels in the school to ensure that SOAS not only survived but did all that was needed to ensure its long term success and that very special institution that's always been. Now it would have been wonderful to be present at an actual graduation ceremony but the COVID pandemic has made that impossible. However ever creative SOAS has arranged opportunities for some face to face events and arranged for those of us who can't be at those events to engage remotely with those of you who can.  The COVID pandemic has had serious implications for education and for all of you as students and I can only imagine that your experience of the last 18 months wasn't what you would have ideally wished to have happened or what you'd expected your experience of university might be like but you've survived and here you are graduating. Well done and congratulations. You've achieved in a very short time I think it's really been quite heroic. So well done to you all. Now some of you may go on to do further studies here at SOAS some of you may go elsewhere in the world but good luck to those of you who follow that route good luck in your search for further knowledge and skills that will enable you to achieve your ambitions in life. Others you may go on into the world of work and to you I hope you'll soon discover that your courses equipped you well for the challenges of that world. You leave here as a SOAS graduate and I think you'll find there are high expectations out there for you. I hope that the knowledge and skills you've developed during your studies will equip you well for whatever road you take in the future Take confidence from the fact you've had the best of what there is to have in terms of education and that you join a very special group of the schools alumni who play key roles in various communities around the world that SOAS serves. Take confidence too in the voice that I hope SOAS has helped you develop the world's far from a perfect place and I can only hope that you'll go out there and do all you can to make a difference and make that world a better place. A place where there's greater equality and respect where diversity and cultural difference are celebrated where justice can be taken for granted where freedom can be taken for granted and where our environment is a better protected place than it is now. So my congratulations to you all on graduating. Graduation is a very special event which marks a transition point in life and I wish you the very best of luck in your careers and your future more generally. In conclusion I would just like to thank SOAS for the honour that it's bestowed on me. I'm really very proud of this award and I look forward to my continuing association with the school as it continues to grow and develop as one of the world's most highly regarded institutions of higher education. The award for an honorary degree means I'll continue to have a role in SOAS and be part of its journey and having got so involved in SOAS and all it stands for being a permanent member of the family now really is very important to me. Thank you.


George Handley is Associate Dean and Professor of Interdisciplinary Humanities at Brigham Young University where he focuses on the relationship between religion, literature, and the environment. His book, Homewaters, a Year of Recompenses on the Provo River, U of U Press, is a work of creative nonfiction that includes nature writing, personal and environmental history, and reflections on ecotheology. His novel, American Fork, is forthcoming this next year, and he's currently working on a book from Chaos to Cosmos, Literature as Ecotheology, and a collection of essays on Mormonism and the Environment. He serves on the board of LDS Earth Stewardship as well as on the boards of the Nature Conservancy and Utah Humanities. He and his wife Amy have four children and live in Provo. George. Thank you. I'm happy to be here. I'm not familiar with transhumanism, but I am a humanist because I'm a humanities professor, so I'm glad that you're welcoming here and I'll see if I can work on understanding the transition I can make. But I'm happy to learn and grow from listening to you, and I hope this is valuable to you. I'm just going to give you something I heard in the mission statement. I think it was that Chris described about distinctive doctrines. I just want to focus on the distinctive doctrines of the LDS Church with regard to stewardship. The reason I mention these is because I think I don't need to convince you of how much of a problem we face into the future, and I think that we have extraordinary resources in the LDS tradition to guide and assist us in trying to meet those challenges with regard to the environment. I'm going to describe 10 distinct doctrines that I think are related to this question of stewardship that should guide us. I'm sorry for the coloring on that one. I think the other images will be a little better, but this is an image of the backyard of my home in Connecticut, and it's apropos of almost nothing except to say that you and I form early affections for the earth, I think when we're children, and with special locations that mean a great deal to you. This was just a place where I spent a lot of time playing in a creek bed and trying to catch minnows and salamanders and so on, and understanding my own physical body in the process. I think that affection that we develop early for a particular location is something that ought to be applied to the planet as a whole. I think in the same way that our affections for family should apply to the human family. So I want to start by pointing out the unusual LDS doctrine that the earth is not a way station but is in fact our intended home. This quote from Brigham Young, the earth is very good in and of itself and has abided a celestial law, consequently we should not despise it nor have desire to leave it but rather desire and strive to obey the same law the earth abides. Our business is not merely to prepare to go to another planet, this is our home. So I think it's kind of a beautiful concept to think about that we are simply striving to live to be worthy to stay on this planet and take care of it now and forever. And again, these are kind of unusual doctrines in the Judeo-Christian tradition that stand out to me. The second one is that the body and the experience of the senses are to be treasured and not things to be ashamed of. And this is most clearly evident, I think, in Doctrine and Covenants 59 verses 18 through 20. Ye all things which come of the earth in the season thereof are made for the benefit and the use of man both to please the eye and to gladden the heart. And I like the fact that the first thing that's mentioned is aesthetic pleasure rather than merely utilitarian purposes. Ye for food and for raiment, for taste and for smell, to strengthen the body and to enliven the soul. And of course, there's that beautiful interface between the body and the spirit that is described there at Pleaseth God that he hath given all these things on demand for unto this end where they may to be used with judgment not to excess neither by extortion. There's nothing quite like that anywhere else in the Judeo-Christian tradition in terms of a clear description of the importance of stewardship. This section, by the way, is in the context of a description about the Sabbath day, which of course was established to remind us of the creation, right? It is actually symbolically in recognition of the day of rest the Lord had himself after creating the earth. And so there is a nice reminder here about using the Sabbath day to reflect on the creation starting with respecting our own bodies and showing restraint in consumption and gain that's implied throughout section 59 as it talks also about the fast. A third point is simply that Mormonism, and there's a lot to draw from to make this point, but Mormonism is very clearly embracing an understanding of science. The creation bears witness of God as Alma teaches, and as Brigham Young has taught, this is one reason we ought to be serious about scientific literacy. Teach students in their childhood the names and properties of every flower and plant when they are old enough. Place within their reach the advantages of a scientific education. Let them study the formations of the earth, the organization of this human system and other sciences. It is the duty of the Latter-day Saints, according to revelations, to give their children the best educations that can be procured both from the books of the world and the revelations of the Lord. And one of my favorite scriptural texts related to our relationship to the creation is in the book of Job where the Lord, if you remember the story, I mean this is after many chapters of sort of reflecting among his friends about why he's had to undergo such suffering. And the Lord doesn't actually, when he finally speaks to Job, answer his question, but he does give him a lecture about nature. And it goes on for quite a while, and he is sort of implying that Job's understanding of his own individual life needs to be placed in this broader context of the cosmos and of the grandeur of God's creations. And that, I think, provides its own kind of strange healing. And that, I think, by the way, is probably what we feel an experience in the natural world, whether it's those early childhood experiences or later in our lives when burdens can be eased by just being in nature even when we don't have answers to our questions. And I personally believe that's because of Christ's atoning power that's available to us through the beauty of his creation since he is the Creator. But this is what the Lord tells Job. I've asked now the beast, and they shall teach thee, and the fowls of the air, and they shall teach thee, or speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee, and the fishes of the sea shall declare unto thee. Who knoweth not in all these that the hand of the Lord hath wrought this, in whose hand is the soul of every living thing, and the breath of mankind. Now, there's lots more to say about this, because, of course, this was a driving force in much of the scientific revolution, seeking the book of nature as sort of the scripture, the additional scripture that we would have to understand God. And, of course, this has led to a bit of a crisis in religion because of some of the things that we've learned about. Some of the things that the fowls and the fishes and the earth have been telling us about the age of the earth and the complexity of the emergence of life and the accidental and sometimes chaotic nature of evolution and so on and so forth. But this is not a reason to either disparage science nor religion, but a challenge and an opportunity for us to think more carefully and more fruitfully about how we can meet the challenges that are ahead of us. And, again, neither neglecting religious principle nor scientific understanding and trying to address specific problems like climate change or air pollution or any other kind of environmental problem that we might be facing. And yet, as we've seen, sadly, in our culture, the tendency is to sort of revert to one side or the other without bringing them together. So that may be something that's particularly relevant to this organization, but, and I won't spell out everything that we're learning, right? But we have learned quite a bit, not only about the diversity of the world, but now we're learning quite a bit about our damage that we're causing to the earth. So much so, as you may know, that geologists are currently debating whether or not to officially name our era the Anthropocene, which is because of humanity being the chief driver of life systems on the earth now as a result of the rise of carbon emissions during the Industrial Revolution and subsequently. And so that does raise serious questions about how well we're going to manage the future and how seriously we're going to approach this problem with both values in place and proper empirical understanding of the problems that are surrounding us. There's lots more to say about that as I engage in this issue very frequently and just sort of finding it difficult sometimes to agree on facts, right, and agree on an empirical reality. But I do think, again, our theology points us in the direction of being responsible to scientific literacy. Fourth point, fourth doctrine is that the creation in the LDS account occurs not out of nothing or ex-neal-o, but out of unorganized matter. And this, as you may be aware, is one of the reasons why LDS theology, one of the many reasons why LDS theology is deemed heretical by most Christian traditions because of this position. Ex-neal-o creation is a dogma of traditional Christianity. But it has, I think, very important implications for stewardship. Those implications have been drawn out very, very well in an essay by Paul Cox, one of Mormonism's most highly regarded scientists in the world today, who happens to also be a provost citizen. And he gave a speech at BYU back in 2003 that Steve Peck and I symposium that he and I organized in a collected book of essays that we edited called Stewardship and the Creation, LDS Perspectives on Nature. You can find it online. And this is what Paul draws out of an analysis and basically makes the point that a creation ex-neal-o, one of the dangers of that idea is that it sort of implies God as a kind of magician. And therefore, if the earth just comes into being automatically, well, then if it gets messed up, it can get kind of fixed automatically. And yet, there seems to be a real respect for scientific law and process in this notion of an unorganized pre-existing matter that is gathered together by God in the creative process. And that involves us, by the way, according to LDS teachings. So Paul says this, I hope that you may experience the same whisperings of the spirit that I have felt as you ponder this artistic masterpiece, this beautiful earth that the Lord personally created, that great gift, a testimony of the Savior in his atoning mission, can come only through the administrations of the Holy Ghost as we reverence the Savior, let us treat his masterpiece with reverence and humility. He imagines that maybe in the millenium restoration ecology will be an important component of the work we'll be doing during that time. Number five is that the earth is created spiritually before it's created physically, another radical and very, very important and maybe underappreciated doctrine in the LDS tradition. When I've shared that with people who are not Mormons, who are very concerned about the environment, who are religious, it kind of knocks them out.  And I'm a little embarrassed sometimes that we don't talk about it more and think about it more. One of the things that it makes apparent is that trees, plants, and animals are described as living souls, just as human beings are. Now, that doesn't mean they're exactly the same as human beings. Human beings are created in the image of God. But the old distinction made in most environmental thinking these days is that Christianity, when it announced that human beings were so special because they were created in the image of God, that that's why they disregard the rest of creation. They haven't understood their kinship with the rest of creation. So there's been a big push in the opposite direction to emphasize that human beings are so much more alike the rest of creation than we have been willing to believe. This doctrine, I think, sort of balances that in some beautiful ways. Because it doesn't take away the special nature of being created in the image of God and being children of heavenly parents. But it does connect us spiritually to the physical world in a way that I think inspires reverence and regard and ethical care. Out of the ground made I the Lord God. This is in Moses 3.9, to grow every tree naturally that is pleasant to the sight of man. And again, I love that the tree is supposed to be pleasant to the sight of man. And man could behold it. So Adam and Eve staring at a tree is this one of my favorite moments in all scripture, this idea that they were just kind of stunned by its beauty. And it became also a living soul. And I, God, blessed every living creature. Oh, sorry, I'm moving on to the next one. The next one is that every life of form. This is number six. Every form of life is entitled to multiply and replenish the earth to use the biblical language for what we also understand to mean their entitlement to joy and their posterity. I mean, this is emphasized. I should mention, Joseph Smith restored three accounts of the creation in the book of Moses, in the book of Abraham and in the temple endowment ceremony. And we learn through those restored accounts, something that builds on this idea, that's not Moses 1.22, that should say Genesis 1.22. I apologize. I, God, blessed every living creature that moveeth, be fruitful and multiply and fill the waters in the sea and let foul multiply in the earth. It's a beautiful concept of biodiversity. God takes great pleasure in biodiversity. God's glory is manifested in the diversity of life on the planet. And that's made very clear in the creation accounts in the temple and in the book of Moses and in the book of Abraham. And it is reflected in the book of Genesis here. So there's this sense that every living thing has a purpose, a measure, a measure to fulfill in their being created. And they have the opportunity for joy and posterity. So that all those notions that we normally associate with just human beings and the idea of human families is connected to the entirety of the creation. So there's a really powerful incentive here for the protection of biodiversity. And it certainly shouldn't be conundrum for us to wonder why protecting a particular species might be a worthwhile endeavor. Number seven is that in this account of the creation, especially in the book of Moses, that Moses has, where he has this vision of the creation, he learns unlike what was the understanding, biblical understanding for many, many centuries in Christianity, he learns that this earth is not the only planet even the solar system is not the only planetary system where life might exist. In fact, he's given a vision of a creation that goes well beyond our limited understanding. And again, if knowing the history of science and religion as we do, this is pretty radical understanding. There are more creations than this earth, so much so that Moses is completely de-centered for a moment after that vision.   And this is what he tells Satan when Satan appears and says, you know, I don't know who you are but I know who I am. And I know what my relationship to this creation is and my relationship to this creation is one of awe and respect and wonder. It's not one of exploitation and control, right? He knows he's too small to have that kind of power but because of the grandeur of the creation, he feels this, he's given a sense of proper humility that I think is really powerful. I think Satan's purpose is to distort that relationship at that moment. And one of my favorite books on the Bible and science is a book called The Seven Pillars of Creation by William Brown and he argues that maybe we have misnamed the human species Homo sapiens and that we should have named it Homo admirans which means wondering man because what really makes us distinct in the creation is our capacity for wonder. So even though he is able to see his nothingness, that's precisely his human privilege. I think that's a really profound concept. He greatly marveled and wondered at what he saw. This great quote from Joseph F. Smith, we have eyes and see not for that which we cannot appreciate or admire. We are largely blind to no matter how beautiful or inspiring it may be. As children of God, it is our duty to appreciate and worship him in his creations. And by the way, sometimes I hear people who are skeptical, they say I'm not a nature worshiper, I worship God. Joseph F. Smith says you need to worship God in his creations. If we would associate all that is truly good and beautiful in life with thoughts of him, we would be able to trace his handy work throughout all nature. Number eight, word of wisdom. I can see my clock ticking, so I'm gonna move a little more quickly here. Word of wisdom, eat meat sparingly, eat fruits and vegetables in season. There's lots of science to back this up that this is really crucial. Eating locally and eating lower on the food chain is very, very important to the environment and one of the greatest emitters of carbon is food and food transportation. So if we eat more locally and support local agriculture and we eat lower on the food chain, we're doing a lot to reduce our impact on the planet. An aspect of the word of wisdom we don't talk enough about. Number nine, law of consecration. We often hear there's enough into spare, so why bother? Well, the Lord has some pretty strong wording about that, only if it's done in his way is that we are answerable for how we use earthly resources. We are strictly commanded not to use more than we need and to redistribute those resources to the poor and the needy, otherwise he says, we're gonna be in hell in torment. It's a pretty strong, strongly worded set of verses here that is often pulled out of context when we hear enough in despair. That sounds very comforting, but DNC 104 and the law of consecration is a mandate to radically reduce our impact on the earth and share the resources of the earth with those who are less fortunate. And again, there's much more to say about all of this. I'll just end on this 10th point and that is that the hearts of the fathers are supposed to be turned to the children. That's the second half of Malachi's prophecy, the hearts of the children are turned to the fathers. We know what that means in terms of genealogy work, but we don't think enough. I don't think about what it means to have the hearts of the fathers and mothers turn to their posterity. I think it means living an ethical life for the future. And I think as most millennial religions, we struggle with this idea of the end of the earth being so close to us that maybe it doesn't really matter what we do to the earth because it's gonna die anyway and it's gonna die soon. But there is a strong sense of the need for ethical care for future generations that's implied in this verse that I think behooves all of us to be considerate of. I'm just gonna jump ahead to this image. I think it behooves all of us to be considerate of what we're passing on to our children. Those are my two youngest children. On the top of Squat Peak, looking down on Provo Temple. My daughter in that picture is now a missionary in Uruguay and my son is a 16 year old who drives and dates. And they're growing very quickly and the future is really moving very quickly towards us and towards me. And I feel a tremendous obligation and concern about what it is that I've lived for them and what it is that I pass on to their children and to their children's children. I mean just hearing Chris's brief account of what's happened just in the last 10 years in technology. And there's a progressive narrative about technology and there's a declensionist narrative. We might call it about what we're doing to the earth. And I am not a disbeliever in technology. I believe technology can help us a great deal but I believe that some of our most fundamental human values are at stake here and we need to invigorate them and think creatively and innovatively and openly to what is happening to us so that we're adequate to the problem that is presented to us. And I am grateful to share these thoughts with you and look forward to hearing some more from others. Thank you.


The non-dual approach, as I said goes much deeper, it first of all investigates what we essentially are and in this investigation we trace back our experience of ourselves discarding everything that is not essential to us. Our thoughts are obviously not essential to us, they are always appearing and disappearing, our feelings likewise, sensations, perceptions, activities, relationships. These are all elements of experience that are added to us, they remain for a while and then they leave us. What is the essential, irreducible element of ourself? And if we undergo this experiment and it's a very simple experiment, anybody can do it, we end up with just our simple being, our simple self-aware being. It's like undressing at night, when we go to bed at night, we take off all the layers of clothes, each layer is of course superfluous to us, the clothes are changing all the time, and we get to our naked bodies that that element of ourself, relatively speaking, that cannot be removed, that is our naked being. Well, if we do the same thing relative to our experience and we take off, so to speak, our thoughts, feelings, memories, sensations, perceptions, activities and relationships, we end up with pure awareness and this is pure self-aware being. So this is the first great discovery. And that's what we share, is that? Well, I was just going to say that the first step is the discovery, I am awareness. This is not yet what is referred to as enlightenment or awakening in the traditions. Then the next step is to investigate the nature of the awareness. So we took off all of the layers of identity, and then we got to the most primal, the most first principle, which was the awareness. Yes, we took off everything that we were identified with, everything that we thought was essential to us, thoughts, feelings, etc. We got back to our naked identity, our original, our original face, as they say in the Zen tradition, the essential nature of the mind, as they say in Buddhism, the self, as they say in the Hindu tradition. So that's the first discovery. What I essentially am is simply the fact of being aware or awareness itself. The next discovery is to discover the nature of the awareness that I am, the discovery that it is ever present, that it has no limits, and that its nature is inherently peaceful and unconditionally fulfilled. And that this is the recognition that is traditionally referred to as enlightenment. So I would say this was the second recognition. Happiness is my nature. Yes. The third great recognition that meditation is not something that we do, it's what we are. We are the happiness, the bliss, the infinity. Yes, the essential nature of the awareness that I am is peace or happiness. Yes, okay. And then the third, we can come back. Yes, yes. The third great recognition, which you hinted at, that the recognition that the being that we essentially are is shared by not only everyone, but everything. In other words, everyone and everything derive their apparently independent existence from a single infinite and indivisible reality or whole, whose nature is, well, ultimately it is unnameable because all names have evolved to describe the content of the experience. So if we are going to speak about these matters, let's give it a provisional name. In these circles, we tend to speak of it as consciousness or awareness. In religious circles, it is referred to as God's presence or Brahman. But in common parlance, it is referred to as I, myself, my being, the one infinite and indivisible reality, which doesn't connect us all. Because in the ultimate analysis, there is no all, there is not a multiplicity and diversity of objects and selves, each with their own independent existence, to be connected. In the ultimate analysis, there are no independently existing objects or self, there is simply a single infinite, indivisible whole, which is refracted through the prism of the finite mind and appears as many things and many people. So as a concession to the belief that there are many things and many people, we can say that we all share our reality. But if we really want to try to be more accurate, in the ultimate reality, there is no we, there are no separate objects or selves, either to be united or not to be united, there is simply the unity of being that appears as this multiplicity and diversity. And the recognition, we are speaking of this in intellectual terms and analyzing it with the use of our rational mind. But the recognition that we share our being is a familiar recognition that millions of people, I would suggest that everybody has some taste of. And that is the experience of love. Love is the recognition that we share our being. Yeah. Yeah.


So Terry we're going to talk about between me and Julia and I guess someone Eileen. Yeah she did her part sort of. So originally she did do a video on the problem of being like previously worked in the box to lead in the bank and she hadn't responded over the weekend. It's totally fine. Even then to that one she was fine. So the BCSC definition of what functional vision loss is it's non-organic or non-physiologic vision loss complains of visual symptoms that no physiologic or organic basis. There are four major categories. They include an aphor and visual pathway where the visual acuity or the visual field is affected. The oculomotility and alignment pupils and accommodation or the eyelid position and function as well. Some of the associated psych disorders that the BCSC wants you to know about include malingering which is the willful feigning or exaggeration of symptoms for secondary gain. It's often monetary. Munchausen syndrome was feigned or induced physical damage for secondary psychological pain such as getting attention from a physician. And hysteria where you just have this subconscious expression of non-organic signs and symptoms. And often these patients exhibit behaviors where they're unconcerned about their symptoms. So that's usually like the distinguishing feature for hysteria. So what's the significance of functional vision loss? Well you have to watch out when you suspect functional vision loss because you don't want to become the person who's working against the physician. You really want to try to help them out and try to figure out why they're acting this way or why they're having these symptoms. So it's important for the physician not to work against the patient but actually try to work with the patient. And don't stop at the diagnosis. Treat it as if it's a real diagnosis and that they need the proper treatment as well. So the diagnostic approach. So establish good rapport with the patient from the starting exam. Don't start with like are you really sure that you can see you're not at both eyes? It'll just be normal. Perform H&P assuming that the patient does not have functional vision loss. Treat it as if it's something real and take a full H&P. Treat it seriously. And then pay attention to whether the history does not make sense with the level of vision loss. That's when you should start suspecting whether or not functional vision loss is actually real. And during the history also you also want to see, you want to keep a close ear to whether or not there's potential secondary gains. So if the patient starts focusing on impending litigation or disability determination rather than on the diagnosis and the treatment. That's a little suspect. And you should always try to implement the everything counts principle where each piece of information from the moment that they make the appointment all the way to the end of the appointment is really important. It helps to direct like what you exactly want to do during the examination. And in the tertiary neuroophomology office setting it says in the BCSC that patients who wore sunglasses were more likely to have non-organic vision loss. But I don't think that's entirely true because I know that Katz says that there are many patients with a real organic disease or a photophobic that wears sunglasses to the appointment. There was a study out in Atlanta by the other very large neuroophomology group that if you wore sunglasses when you came into the clinic, likely that if you had any non-organic vision loss, it's higher than if you had patients who did not. And then there's sunglasses on. And the three ones are obviously very different from the dark sunglasses, but you have to kind of, with the dry eyes symptoms that we have in Utah, you have to be aware of the fact that sunglasses is not always a sign of appointment and vision loss. So some of the general behavior and ocular capabilities says things that you want to pay attention to. Can the patient ambulate into the room, into the chair? If they say that they can't see at all, you're out of either eye, but they're able to do that, you know, that's a visual task. Can they find and shape the physician silently, outstretched hand on arrival? So you don't say anything, but you just reach your hand out. If they reach out their hand as well, you know, they can see at least that. And then is there a problem with the non-visual tasks, such as signing it at the front desk? Focus on whether the exam does not make sense with the level of vision loss. And you always want to use misdirection, and we'll go over some of these techniques. So you're pretending like you're testing vision in one eye, but you're actually testing the vision in the bad eye, you know. And then diagnostic confirmation usually is that the patient does something that should not be possible based on the stated symptoms. So for the next part of my talk, I'm going to go over some of the tests that you should implement when somebody complains about monocular vision loss, right? And then Julia, I think, is going to cover the binocular vision loss test. So first thing you should check for, obviously, you know, do a full exam. But the most important parts of the exam include check for the normal pupillary responses. You know, an APD should be present if there's fully organic in the right eye, unless it's post-chiasmal. I mean, not post-chiasmal, but post-past the lateral geniculate nucleus, then you can get vision loss without an APD. But then you also have a monocular prism test with a four-base-out prism test. So what you do is if somebody's complaining about, you know, poor vision in the right eye, say they can't see you out of the right eye, you take a four-base-out prism, put it over that right eye, both eyes should shift towards the apex of the prism, right? And then the bad eye will stay fixed, you know, in that direction, and then the good eye should refix it or converge, okay? If they do do that, you know that they at least have some vision out of that eye that you put the prism over, okay? So that's one way of testing that. You also have the vertical prism dissociation test. You put a four-base-down prism over the good eye. A patient with symmetric vision should be able to see the two objects kind of superimposed on each other. You know, they'll see two objects basically inducing diplopia. However, if there is true vision loss in the bad eye, then they should only be able to see one image. Does that make sense to everybody? And then there's also the fogging test. It's one of the confusion tests. Basically, this is the concept of misdirection. With a four-opter, you put plus-10 diopters in the good eye, and then plano or their current prescription in their bad eye. Then you tell the patient that you're making sure their good eye is still okay. Then you ask, is one or two better as you change the good eye from plus-10 to plus, you know, 9.75?  If their vision does get better and they start reading the 2040 line, then you know that they're reading out of the bad eye. This doesn't work on people that are plus-10 now. Very true. That's right. All right. And then stereo vision testing. Be careful that some patients just pick up on monocular cues. But concept behind here is that binocular vision is really necessary in order to do some sort of stereo vision. So, you know, at least that they're able to see out of the other eye. And then there's the pulveric phenomenon. Can one of the PGY choose to tell me what the pulveric phenomenon is? Go ahead, Lee. So, this is where, because of the generation to say the nerve transmission, you can have a slowing effect, kind of a, it's almost like if you use pendulum, you'll see, that's right. It's due to poor conduction. It's like in the rate of conduction between the two optic nerves. That's why you'll see that the image, actually, something that's swinging back and forth perpendicular to the visual axis will actually look like it's coming back and forth, right? So, with the pulveric phenomenon, you can use this. You place a 0.9 log unit filter over the good eye, tell the patient you're testing the good eye, and then swing the pendulum back and forth perpendicular to the visual axis. And if the patient sees it moving in a circle, then they likely have binocular vision in the setting. And then lastly, all the tests that Julia's going to go over for binocular vision testing, you can also use those for monocular vision testing as well. In terms of management, what do you do? Once the diagnosis is made. So, encouragement and understanding are key. Being empathetic, because a lot of times this is very real to the patient. So, don't just be dismissive. Confrontation should be avoided, obviously. Reassure that the problem is real, and it will resolve over time. Stress that the patient has a good prognosis. And if the complaint is in monocular vision, consider patching the good eye for limited periods of time each day to train the bad eye to see again. If the patient's a child, involve the parents in the discussion, obviously. And then consider how to address the underlying issue. Like, for instance, this cycle really needs to be evaluated. You know, you need to evaluate this patient. Here's our new little guy, Ezra. For those of you who never saw this. All right. Three questions. Name two prison tests you can use to confirm functional monocular vision loss. You guys ready for the next one? Everybody ready? And lastly, Reese, tell me the first one. And then Ashley, what'd you get for this one? So basically what happens if you put the prism over the bad eye, they should both shift. And then the one that the prison's not over should reconverge. Chris, what's this one, Conraddy? You might have actually come in late, so I don't think you covered this one. But, Rick's. You angry? Man. That's it. Yup.