Dear students, in this module we are going to talk about the similarities and differences in the biological sequences. You already know that by comparing two sequences you can arrive at the similarity between the two sequences or the differences between the two sequences. Also such an exercise can help you understand the relationship between the sequences. Besides that you can also look at the evolutionary relationship and the history by looking at the differences between sequences. So let's start by considering a protein sequence that is given here. Only a few amino acids are mentioned. Typically the proteins are very long. But this is just an example. So we have M Q V K L F T that is about seven amino acids. And now we are going to look at what similarity means precisely. So if you have another protein sequence let's say M Q V K L F T then you can obviously say that in terms of similarity these two sequences are one hundred percent similar. However it can be the case that you are trying to compare two sequences wherein there are differences in their amino acids or nucleotides. So let's consider that case. So for specific differences if you have another protein sequence then you can argue that there is a difference between these two sequences in leucine and isoleucine. So by looking at specific differences you can see how two sequences they differ from each other. So in this case the similarity will obviously be less than one hundred. In terms of relationship so if you want to see the relationship between two sequences then you can consider again two very similar sequences and the relationship is obvious that these two proteins or peptides are sourced from the same protein or species. More so let's consider another situation where you have slight variation in the last two amino acids. Then as you can see here these two amino acids are different for both of the sequences then you can say that these two sequences are partially related or may be related because they do not have a complete alignment or they are not totally similar. Next you can look at the evolutionary history as well so if you have another sequence then you can say that these two sequences are varying in one amino acid and if you have another sequence then you can further say that these two sequences are different in two amino acids and so on and so forth. So we can see that we can probably assume that this sequence has given rise to this sequence and so on and so forth. So therefore evolution has taken place in this order and probably the sequence that is here at the end is the most evolved sequence. So in this way you can also look at the evolutionary history. Now I would like to introduce exact matching to you. So the exact matching idea is that two sequences they are not only similar in terms of the amino acids or nucleotides in case of DNA and RNA but that their order in which they are present in the sequence is exactly the same so as I mentioned in the previous example if you are going for exact matching by placing two sequences against each other then they should have the exact same amino acids or nucleotides plus they should exist in the same order. However as we just saw there can be cases when this is not going to happen so in that case you will need to accommodate the differences. That can be done by the in exact matching and there are various options that you can use such as the regular expressions, the signature sequences and the prosight patterns database which we will discuss later in detail. So let's take a look at the prosight pattern. So in this case this is a pattern that is given in your textbook chapter 3 page 44 and the hyphens here. So let's start from the hyphens. The hyphens they separate the elements of the pattern. So all the hyphens are essentially separating amino acids from each other. Next the letters refer to the amino acids for example here, here, here, R, D, K and C and next X indicates any amino acid that may be from the 20 different amino acids and the bracketed numbers they denote the repeat length. So as you can see here this X can be repeated nine times so it means any amino acid occurring nine times. However there may be a situation where this repeat length is variable so in that case the variation is represented like this. So any amino acid that is X may occur 72 times till 86 times. So that is how you represent the prosight pattern for map kinase protein. Map kinase protein is a very important protein. It phosphorylates a lot of proteins and is responsible in the mitosis and apoptosis in the cellular behavior. So using such prosight patterns you can talk about sequences that are there and represent them using prosight pattern. In conclusion the exact matches allow you to compare two sequences exactly while inexact matching allows you to compare rather stochastically between various sequences.


So we have Doug Lardo from Riot Games, so go ahead Doug, take it away. Hi, so I'm going to apologize in advance. My presentation's a little less stiff than most of the ones I've seen so far. So if there's any jokes, like might make you feel uncomfortable, let me know. But my name is Doug, I'm a data center architect at Riot Games. I've been working there for about three years now. And I really like packets, whiteboards, Contrail, Python, my dog, and I really hate pickles. So if you want to get on my good side, let's talk about how those things are on everything. I'm from Riot Games, and Riot Games is the largest online game in the world. We have presence in the United States, South America, Europe, China. We're basically all over. It's a free-to-play game, and it consists of basically two teams. Each team has five players, and each team has a base that they protect. The two teams are consisted up of different roles. So you have one guy with a sword, and then another guy that can heal you. Maybe someone shooting a bow and arrow, another guy casting spells. But each person has a unique role on that team, kind of like each player on a basketball court or player in a football game. And the two teams fight it out and attempt to destroy each other's base. So we have a ton of really passionate players from all over the world. We have world championships every year. It's legally a sport now, so we can get people from other parts of the world can get visas to come and play League of Legends, so it's a pretty big deal. It's pretty cool. But with that comes very passionate players, and they really love their low ping time. They love low latency. They expect service to be on at all hours of the day, especially in the middle of the night when they're running 12, 13-hour sessions. So we have a lot going on, and we definitely have demanding players. And we'd like to do the best for our players, because we're players ourselves. So if you ever want to talk about my favorite champion or what video game I played, I was just having that conversation a minute ago, feel free. So let's get started. So long story short, our developers just can't ship code fast enough. As I was saying, we have a global footprint, and our data centers are all over the world, and the designs range from being very old to very new. So we've been around probably seven or eight years now. But the first data centers were basically built out of duct tape and bailing wire, and whatever we could find at Costco or Best Buy that we could just slap together and under somebody's desk. And those data centers slowly evolved. And then we have the very modern designs, which are like layer-through-claws architectures, spy and leave, very, very modern. But to our developers, they were suffering because they would try to ship to these different parts of the world. And the data centers were all different. So our operations teams would go in, and they'd have to kind of know where the firewall rules live and know how to change a VLAN, and it was different every time. So it took us months to actually deploy a new service, just because of so many differences across our data centers. So what we did was we built our own infrastructure as a service, kind of platform, kind of containers as a service. We would call it RCluster. What RCluster is, is at its core, it's Docker-based, and we use Contrail to connect all the different virtual networks to the containers. And everything's self-service. So everything's infrastructure as code-based.  And then also, we define the networking. I'm just going to focus on the networking part here. So the one piece that we like to tout a lot, talk about a lot, is the declarative language that we've developed here. So we don't expose IP addresses ever to our customers. We always talk about applications and what application can talk to what other application, and we do that through this kind of JSON blob that we call a self-service blueprint. So we'll specify every application has its own level of security. So I own my application security policy. So we'll go in and we'll say, this source is allowed to talk to me or that source is allowed to talk to me. And if someone wants to get access from one app to another, we use GitHub as a back-end and we create a pull request on their repository. Then they can review it and then push OK. Those merges happen, and then access is essentially granted. So this is awesome for the infrastructure team because we're no longer the bottleneck. People can go in and do whatever they want, and when they get stuck, they just come to us for assistance. So we've come a long way from trying to figure out where to configure a VLAN and what the next free IP address is and dealing with the idiosyncrasies of each data center. But now we're completely defining our infrastructure as code in an app-to-app language. So it's been really successful for us. So kind of under the hood how we did it is all these blueprints are stored in GitHub. And then we wrote, we have our own, David Press isn't here. He's my associate back home, but he's the champion of the RFCs, which are the internal documentations that we used to kind of like talk about ideas and decide on what we're going to build. And one of his ideas was just name all of our projects after the RFC that talks about the project. So it's called RFC 291 Transformer. But what that does is it just scrapes in all those blueprints, and it has a global view of the world. It knows what apps can talk to what. And then it cranks out all the networking policies that we're going to need and then just tramples anything that's inside of Contrail. So every five minutes or so this job runs out of a Jenkins server. And we just say, if it's in the blueprints, then that's what exists in Contrail. So what this does for us is it effectively makes Contrail stateless. I'm like, yeah, we still kind of track what Docker containers are attached to, what virtual interfaces. But if we were to lose the whole Contrail cluster, we can just rebuild everything from scratch. And we know that everything's in code. So rebuilding a lost controller is no problem. And also, if we ever need to do disaster recovery, we can also do that too. So here's a quick overview of how this all works together. Engineer, we'll go in and make the blueprint. The blueprint gets rendered through the transformer and pushed to Contrail. And then the iteration loop can just occur as things change. One added benefit of this is now, since we have all of our security policies in the central source on GitHub. We can have the security team go in and look at the JSON and say, OK, this is a reasonable policy or it's not, and they can have one central point of truth that they know is definitely what's being affected in infrastructure because, like I said, we trample everything in production every five minutes. So that's much easier to program again since it's easier to audit. They know who changed what because they get that in GitHub. There's a bunch of benefits, just heavy in code rather than like NIP addresses, for example. So the developers have full visibility. The security teams can audit. And since we have now unlocked the potential for our developers to help us with their infrastructure problems, some of the developers said, well, I don't want to write JSON. This is annoying. I want a GUI. So they just, without really talking to the network team, because they didn't have to talk to us, they just went off and made a GUI. And it's beautiful. They use this cool new framework, and it's modern looking. It kind of looks like GitHub a little bit. They implemented all the business logic inside of that system so the users get feedback early. And it's just been great. So we estimated putting the system and probably saved us about three years worth of manually editing access lists. And that's not including all the rest of the just troubleshooting that, you know, inherently would come with that. So thank questions before I move on. Networking is code piece. Yeah. Could you please use the mic? Yeah. For the remotees. You mentioned the security audit can take place at a band. Is that done as part of the process of the teams building their configuration files, or is that done afterwards? And if so, is that a bit of a risk? Yeah. So it's, we got like what, five guys on security team or something like that? Like it's pretty small, and we have like hundreds of developers. So while the security team would love to sit there and audit every change, it's just not practical. So they're making best practice recommendations and periodically auditing. But it's up to the developer to be in charge of their own application security. So they ultimately own the risk. And what we're trying to do as experts is like, advise them on why it's good to do least privilege and why it's good to not do 10 slash zero. Like, you know, it's like, have you ever logged into like EC2 where developers like configured their own like policies?  I think it's just ridiculous. So there's that line there, but we don't want to block, but at the same time, we don't want to be insecure. So we're constantly, you know, adjusting that threshold. It's a tough balance. Anything else? Yeah? So you said the networking is stateless. So if it lose connection with the, where you have the state and you restart a node. So the forwarding plane like is already programmed like from contrail. So basically if the controllers were completely erased, then, you know, the cluster would collapse at that point. Like, there's that headless mode which would, you know, continue forwarding that the controllers aren't there. But this is assuming like total loss of the database, like a crater hit it or something or like we lost the power surge and everything. We're talking like disaster level. So we could spin up three new controllers, like fire up Ansible and then push the button on the transformer and then just all our policies would be back in there. Are you saying there is state in the controllers? Because what if the controllers are fine, but one of the, you know, compute nodes goes away and comes back. He's lost all its state and you've kept your state outside of the controllers. Is that right? Or did I misunderstand? I think you're talking more like the architecture of contrail, right? You said contrail is stateless, right? The way that we put all of our configuration in the external database mean, what I'm trying to say is like I can take that contrail cluster and everything in it and destroy it and then build a brand new cluster and then push it in and it looks exactly the same as the old cluster. So I think there's still temporary state in contrail in your application, but your master state is offline. I mean, yeah. If you want to talk more about like how the failover and the router flows and yeah, we'll talk about that. All right, cool. So self-service networking right now only exists in our cluster. And our existing platform, which is League of Legends based, is kind of still hanging around and hasn't really changed too often. The core platform has been built when the game was originally built, but they're not cloud-native apps. So it's still in that world where a failure of a particular node is pretty disruptive. We've done a lot of stuff to bring up HA, like putting in better database replication, for example, but the actual platform itself is still kind of fragile if the infrastructure gets ripped out from underneath it. So we are more or less not touching that part so much. But as we add on new systems, we're putting them as close to the platform as possible. So one thing we did recently was called a loot, which is a way for players to buy shards. It's kind of like chunks of stuff. So if I, after a game, I would get like a piece of a champion. But if you get like three of these things, then you can unlock it to get a champion, for example. So it's kind of like a microtransaction fun, open the box, see what you get type system. But that was real important to be very close to the database and close to the core platform, because there's so many transactions and messages that went back and forth. So we needed those two systems to coexist. And to complicate things, a lot of our platforms now are moving entirely to Amazon. So if we want to keep our goal of, okay, developers, like you have this one ecosystem, you write to our cluster, and then wherever you ship it in the world, it feels exactly the same to you. We needed to bring our infrastructure into Amazon, and we needed to do that elegantly and transparently to our developers. But as you guys probably know, Amazon is a challenge. Oh, let's put Contrail on Amazon, it should be easy. Like, dog, what are you doing this afternoon?  It takes you months. So we tried to just put that gateway right in there. It's kind of like, okay, this is probably an easy thing to do. But with Riot, everyone has a ton of ideas, and we kind of got to like, this is a good inflection point, like maybe we should consider our options. So we thought about writing a brand new transformer that specifically just wrote things for Amazon. We thought about just ditching IP everything for security. Like, why do we use IP addresses anyway? Those are annoying. Can't we just do some sort of PKI app-to-app encryption thing? And I won't go into that, because that's just years of work. We can just write to IP tables, like that's everywhere, right? Like, everyone loves IP tables. There's no way that that would cause you administrative headaches or operational challenges. Well, like, you know, it's an option. Or the one we ultimately decided on as our first kind of stab at the thing was to put the gateway as close to Amazon as possible. If we just bring the gate, a physical gateway, like, and just plug it right outside the Amazon peering point, then we can just loop traffic out and bring it right back in again. It should be good, right? But we wanted to try the first thing first, which was, let's just spin up a gateway. We tried out the VSRX, the VMX wasn't out yet. This was pretty close, and it was simple, and it kind of worked. But without some caveats and some challenges. So you could use the VSRX, but you had to turn off the firewall part of its brain because it doesn't really work unless you're in packet mode. So that's, like, overkill. And then also in Amazon, you have to disable source destination checking because the whole system does, like, a reverse, you know, is this IP? Like, did you send that? That's not your IP, then I'm chucking it. So you have to disable that everywhere. But what we found is it only works within a single VPC. So we get kind of these questions, like, why is this happening? Like, why would it work within a VPC and not out of a VPC? This must be some Amazon, something that's going on. But probably most frustrating to me as a network engineer is that there's no concept of any routing protocols. Like, you can't run BGP inside of Amazon, to Amazon.  Like, it's just, like, you get one static route to one interface, and you can't even do two statics and do, like, a floating static. It's just, it's really hard. It's just, like, it's the 90s. Like, it's just, like, we couldn't believe that there's, like, no options. You know, we talked to the product team and everything and road map and blah, blah, blah, but, like, we need something today. And without these routing protocols, how are we going to do HA? How are we going to do M plus 1? What if we get to the biggest instance size and I can't send any more packets through this thing? Like, I got a million players that are pissing me right now. Like, what do I do? So here's a quick little diagram of summarizing all that. Basically, we tried putting a single gateway inside and fail. So hardware gateway, those work, right? So as I said before, we'll just basically slap a gateway in our pops, which we had direct connect peering, and we just tried to leverage those. And this should be awesome because we know the gateways work physically, and we can gerry tunnel in, what's a few more boxes, right? Juniper sales guy showed up that day. He was like, this is a great idea. He loved it, you know? Shed them all over the world. So the big thing, though, is, like, we get this, I call it the sad trombone, and it's, like, so it, like, heads all the way out to the pop, loops around, and then, you know, gets its way all the way back. And we measured this, we did some estimations, and we said, yo, this should probably be fine. Most of our apps aren't that sensitive, right? Well, yeah, they are, and they got cranky. Plus, it felt really weird. Like, you're in the same VPC, but I'm getting this ridiculously long delay, like, why is this happening? Like, developers didn't understand it, and then we tell them that we made their traffic go to, like, Jehunga and back. They just, they wanted to throw us out. They thought we were kidding. They were not happy. And sometimes we didn't have Direct Connect. Like, we just didn't have that option. And some of our sites are in kind of remote parts of the world, and have a huge need to build their own data center there. So it kind of defeats the point. To be able to build a site completely in cloud is, like, kind of one of the reasons you buy a cloud. If you're gonna, like, go get a cloud and, like, bring your hardware and, like, it just felt terrible. So, yeah, it just feels bad, man. So, there's gotta be a better way, right? And we kind of looked at the pieces and we said, well, EC2 understands instances, and that's about it. So maybe there's a way that we can dump our routers down to speak instance? And we started doing the math, and we're like, this might be doable. There's pretty much eight limit, eight interface limit per instance, and we can put 30 IPs per interface. That's 200. Okay. So let's try it. And long story short, it ended up working. So one of the benefits is that it uses the native address space of the VPC, which was part of the problem with the, why those packets were being dropped when they moved between the VPCs is because Amazon has this virtual gateway that you use to traverse between VPCs. And if you think of that source destination check that lives on each physical interface for each instance, you can kind of enable and disable that, but when you move between VPCs, there's no checkbox or no phone call you can make that lets you turn that off. So what we ended up doing was just like, let's just steal a bunch of IPs from this physical VPC, and then just basically bring them all into the router. And then from there, we can GRE tunnel to wherever we need to go, especially back to like our data centers where our core platform sometimes would live or more importantly, I won't go too much into this, but we've built a global backbone basically to get players into our network quicker to one, have no politics as far as like, oh, AT&T's peering with, not to pick an AT&T with Cox or Ryzen or whatever. And there's like contention between who's gonna pay for this bandwidth and there's like this indirect issue where some players are coming from some directions and we're getting this brown out, but we can't pinpoint it because our stuff looks fine, but all these players are in pain. So we just bring them into our network quicker, shoot them across the MPLS backbone and then dump them in. And it's also a huge DDoS mitigation network as well. We leverage anycast and we have all these, we call them unicorns that are out at the edges, doing mitigation. So we really wanna make sure our players come in through our edge, but we wanna leverage the compute within Amazon. So it works. Now sad trombone, we leverage our edge. We can still use GRE tunnels to do whatever we need. A couple little things that we still needed to iron out is you have to monitor the gateways basically, make sure they don't die.  So if I have four gateways, each one has 200 IPs on them. I kind of need like a fifth one that is empty. It's kind of the N plus one node. And then when I notice gateway one is done, I'll go run to EC2 and say, hey, for all those secondary IP addresses that were previously living on router one, like quick reprogram them and route them over to gateway five. So that happens pretty quick. It happens like two seconds. So as long as you can detect the outage and have a script that moves the IPs, excuse me, it happens pretty quick. And one other thing that's nice is it's N plus one scalable now. So we're getting around a gig or so of traffic out of a virtual Mx right now. So if we need more, we just add another virtual Mx and then Contrel just sees that as an equal cost next hop. So it scales pretty nicely. A few optimizations if we're gonna try and do this yourself. You don't need to put IPs on the gateway interfaces. Just put Inet on them and just traffic goes in. So you save yourself seven IPs there. It simplifies management too. And one other thing we did is we took that same idea, but now we made a centralized VPC. So we took all the gateways, VMXs that we wanted, we put those in a central VPC and as teams spin up their own VPCs or we spin up more clusters, we just peer with that through VPC to VPC peering. And then we can scale that central resource as opposed to each team having to own and control their own set of gateways. And yeah, and like I said before, we're using the hardware gateways for the public edge, which also gives us ECMP, which is really nice. You can't get ECMP within Amazon because it doesn't have the notion of such a thing. It relies on DNS or an ELB, but if you pipe it out to an external gateway, then you can anycast that and then ECMP that traffic over GRE tunnels to your compute nodes. So this brings me to my hopes and dreams. Wouldn't it be great if I didn't have to deal with gateways? That's by far the most contentious part of the solution. Like when you compare a contrail with like say Calico, for example, the first thing they bring up is like, oh, well, you don't need gateways because it just magically works. But part of the value of contrail is that you can do service chaining, you can do all this intelligent things with it. So we're like, well, what if we just put packets right on the wire, would this work? We said, well, if a top rack can just learn the routes for the tenants from like the central controller, then that will fix all of my, you know, BGP, IGP style, Claus Fabric routing. So I know the next hop for this destination, this tenant is the compute node. I put policy on it just like I always would. And then when I need to service chain, you know, I could just then leverage the tunnels. So we're hoping this can come to fruition because we really view it as kind of a best of both worlds. You could put a compute node in just have the traffic immediately exit the V router if you don't need multi-tenancy, which is great for the enterprise, but it also works great on Amazon because you don't have to deal with, you know, any of the complications of what we're working with right now. So please, contrail, please. So yeah, that's the end. There's a cool League of Legends game graphic and any questions? Thank you. Just to ask you, what sort of services are you looking to have chained? We have the no services chained right now actually. Yeah, we've looked a little bit into it. Most of our service chaining, we actually have the application developers leverage service discovery. So like my app looks up in the central database of what other apps I need to talk to and then they just create TCP connections between them. So we haven't had the need to use the network to bend the traffic, but we've thought like maybe for like an IPS or some sort of transparent bump in the wire service that we want to kind of hide that people can't see or just, I won't tell you what the project name was called, but we'll call it latency as a service was something that we wanted to add. I picked out a particular ISP. But yeah, so we'd want to put that in and then just slow everyone's packets down to simulate a poor network connection so we could test out what that experience would be. So those are some things we've thought about. Yeah, just like, because I sort of done that sort of case before with Calico, let's talk offline on ways we can do that. Yeah, yeah, absolutely, yeah. Any other questions? My favorite champion is Thresh. Thanks for asking. Thank you, Doug, for everything. Let's give him another round of applause.


Hello everyone, I have been reading this book called The Decision Book, 50 Models for Strategic Thinking. And inside there's a brilliant chapter on feedback, and if we think about feedback in its broadest sense, so I'm just going to do a doodle while I talk, feedback for teachers, for students, for parents, or when we observe one another. So I'm just going to divide my page into four quadrants. Now most feedback, particularly when it comes to lesson observations or student work, it's often what went well, even what better if, and that kind of generates an emotional response, either positive or negative. But I kind of guess how can we move beyond this? So if we put advice here, complement here, criticism here, and suggestion in the bottom right. And if we take, let's see, this as a positive, this as a negative, negative, sorry so you can see that negative and positive. And so what would, what the kind of things we'd say here when given feedback would be, for example, I thought it was good and it still needs to change, so whatever that would be. And a really good coaching advice or feedback advice is instead of using the word but, I thought it was good, but it still needs to replace the word but with and. I thought it was good and it still needs to X, Y, Z. So that's a positive way of providing some advice. If you want to give someone a compliment, you could say something, I thought it was good and it can stay as this piece of work for the future well done. But that doesn't lead to necessarily any improvement. So what you can do with this is build on with the suggestion is I thought it was good and I could live with it and again instead of using the word and, sorry but, include the word and. So I thought it was good and it could stay like this. I can kind of live with it and consider and then you would give your suggestion. So it's almost like a solution focused coaching question. What if or what will or how might this improve if you consider X, Y, Z. The criticism, I thought it was bad and it has to change. You know and it can often evoke an emotional response. So there's four possible suggestions. Again, this has got me thinking in terms of decision book. Just consider that, share back your thoughts and perhaps we could come up with one or two examples in observations or how we give feedback and how we might use these four aspects when talking to one another, students or colleagues.


Article databases like those provided by EBSCO can be a treasure trove of information. For the next few minutes, let's look at some strategies for effective searching in EBSCO databases. But first, what is a database? An article database is a space in which a tremendous amount of information is collected and organized to make it findable. This information can include articles from newspapers, magazines, and academic journals, books, images, and other resources. EBSCO provides access to a number of different databases, each with its own specialized focus. EBSCO databases can be quickly accessed from the Beam Library homepage under the Quick Links menu. Click Academic Search. For this search, I'm looking for articles about gaming, but at this point, I'm only searching within the single database Academic Search Complete. When beginning a general search on a topic, it's usually a good idea to choose databases. Each of the databases in this list has its own special focus or subject area, which you can read about by hovering over the icon. Now for gaming, I want to select each database that I think might be related to my topic. And then I hit OK. And now, I'm searching for my topic in multiple databases. There are many effective strategies for searching EBSCO. Let's try a strategy that uses the database subject headings, the specific language used in the database to organize this information. The first step is to narrow the language gap between what I want to call my topic and the specific terms the database uses to describe gaming. So, I enter my term here and hit search. My natural language turned up a number of hits, but in order to make sure that I'm finding relevant results, I need to locate the language the database uses to describe this topic. Scroll down on the left side to find these drop-down menus. When I open Subject Thesaurus term, I find a list of subject headings. By clicking Video Games, I add this subject heading to my original search, which you can see in this box. But if I click the subject heading a second time, every item associated with this subject heading is retrieved. And in this way, I've created a pool of relevant results. Note also that these subject headings are listed in the citation information for each result. I can click on the title, view the subject headings, and select one to retrieve only relevant results. So, no matter how the articles themselves describe my topic, using subject headings is a good strategy for finding relevant results. After using subject headings to create a pool of results, I can refine my search by using specific vocabulary. For example, I'm interested in researching video games and children. If I enter children in the second field and hit search, the database looks in the title, author, abstract, and subject headings of all these articles for the word children. And if I change this box to TX All Text, the database will also search all the text of every available full text item for my term. I can also refine my search by entering child followed by an asterisk. This tells the database to search for any form of the term, like child, children, childlike, etc. I can even add more search terms like this, and even more fields for searching, like this. And in this way, I can refine my searching for better results. In this box, I can limit my results. For example, if I want to retrieve only full text articles from 2005, I can do it like this. Now please note that scholarly peer reviewed refers to journals that go through a strict peer review process. Clicking this box can greatly limit your results. More options for limiting results, for example by language, are available here. And in this box, I can limit by type. For example, clicking magazines will pull up only items from popular level magazine literature. In this way, I further refine my list of results. Now for many items, the PDF or HTML full text is immediately available. If full text is not available, here are two options for locating the full text by checking to see if it's available elsewhere in the Beam Library databases or by requesting the article via interlibrary loan. If you have any questions about these options or need help locating full text, feel free to ask a librarian. To open an item citation page, click the title. This page offers several options. Keep in mind that the citation for the item can be found here. If you have any questions about using Epsco databases, we are happy to help. Just ask a librarian and be sure to check out the other video guides brought to you by the Beam Library at Oklahoma Christian University.


Ukraine launched underwater attack against the Russian fleet in Sevastopol, the results are amazing. Ukraine's defence forces make efforts to deplete the enemy's capabilities as much as possible, including in the Black Sea. Recently, the invaders deployed two caliber cruise missile carriers off the Crimea coast, with a total salvo of 16 missiles, so the Ukrainian forces were forced to respond. That's according to Natalya Humenyuk, the Press Officer for Operational Command South commenting on the last explosions reported in Crimea and the alleged sea drone attack on Sevastopol. The work on our part is coordinated in such a way that our task at this stage is to deplete as much as we can, the enemy potential, including capabilities deployed as additional reserves. We saw that, the enemy put on combat duty two frigates carrying up to 16 caliber missiles. So what they do is they try to pursue operations in the Black Sea so our troops have to respond. It is too early to draw conclusions, but I believe the result will make everyone rejoice. Humenyuk said, as reported earlier, Russian Telegram channels reported a series of blasts heard in the temporarily occupied city of Sevastopol, which is a base of the Russian Black Sea fleet. The local occupation administration said the fleet was repelling a possible underwater attack. The Black Sea fleet is repelling a possible attack by underwater sabotage forces, as Sevastopol Governor Mikhail Razvozeev said in his Telegram channel. Loud sounds are in the outer harbour in the Black Sea fleet, repelling a possible attack by underwater sabotage forces and enemy assets, the governor said.


If you haven't noticed, a lot of rose palettes have launched recently from all of my favorite brands. So I thought I'd do a video ranking, very roughly ranking by the way, all of these rose palettes from worst to best. Now please keep in mind, these are just my opinion. When I do my writings, I take into consideration how my experience with the formula as well as whether or not I like the color story and how often I plan on using these. So this is all very personal. There is not a palette that I do not like in this video. Honestly, all of them are great, but for one reason or the other, I might like one a little bit more than the other. But I can tell you right now, all seven of the palettes that I'm mentioning in today's video, if you're planning on picking them up because you're living, breathing, dying for the color story, you'll be okay. I think you will like it. All of these but one palette have their own individual review, but I've covered this, tried this and given my thoughts on all of these palettes so far. So if you want more in-depth thoughts, just search the name of the palette and my name, Morgan Turner, and we'll find the details of that. But let's get into it.  Yeah, would I like to see more palettes that are not rose? Sure. Do I wear rose palettes a lot and am I living a breathing for this makeup look? Yes. So I may talk my crap, but I do love rose tone. So let's start off with my least favorite rose palette that has launched recently. And it's not bad, you guys. I just don't like the color story. This is the Melt Cosmetics Gemini 2 palette and honestly, the quality on this is really, really nice. You'll see there's an additional olive section here as well. There's a lot of mattes and two shimmers here. So the reason that I don't like this is I feel like it's just too grungy for me. It is not my style, but if this is your style, like I said, the quality will be fantastic, which is great because sometimes melt can be inconsistent. So personally, why I do not like it is because both of the shimmers in here are so, so dark. So if I want to get dimension or reflect off of a look, it almost is going to always have to be smoky. I also find that their mattes run really dark on the skin compared to what you see in the pan. I've used this a few times. Honestly, I've really liked it, but it definitely has to be for when I'm going for a certain deeper smokier look like today. I have a lot of brightness on my eyelid. That's typically what I like. This doesn't contain it. So of all of the rose tone palettes, this is my least favorite color story. It's not the worst quality in this bunch, but it's definitely the color story that I plan on reaching for the least. Number six is the Artist Couture Supreme Moves palette. Now, this one is less about the color story, but I'm not in love with the quality here. It's not bad quality. I'm definitely able to make it work. I'm able to create looks that I like, but it's just not the best quality for the price points. If you ask me, the mattes in here are fine. It is the shimmers in here that I find to be a little bit drier and messy. I like a creamy shimmer that goes on with ease. These were kind of a mess, especially this shade, this shade, and this shade. They will fall all over your face if you don't use a glitter glue or if you apply it with a brush. So you just need to be careful. I mean, I'm even seeing a mess from this shade right here. It's just not quality that matches up with the price, but here's the thing. I love the color story of this. I think it is so beautiful. I have enjoyed every single look that I've come up with. This one has a row that runs a little bit more purpley, a row that runs a little bit warmer, and a row that runs a little cooler, which I really, really do enjoy. And I've loved the looks that I've come up with. So overall, it is a palette that I do plan on reaching for more for the mouth just because I will like the looks more. But the journey to get there, I am not as pleased by, if that makes sense. It's just the shimmers in here that just aren't where they should be or where I would like them to be. Number five is the Sigma New Mod Palette. I think that this color story is so stunning. I would probably say of all the palettes that I'm talking today, this one has my favorite color story. And I don't know, I think this one is really pretty. It runs a little bit cooler. It's just not as good quality as the ones I'm going to mention after this. But color story-wise, it's one of my favorites here. You have more of a neutral side, more mauve, more purple. I think it's really well curated. That is one of Sigma's strengths here. The mattes can be a little bit tough to work with, but other than that, I do enjoy this palette a lot. But I would say to me, this Artist Couture formula is the worst of the sponge. And this one is up next in terms of the worst quality. But like I said, it is still good quality. I'm just, I'm messing with the big dogs in this video. We have a lot of my top, top, top favorite brands and I just can't put that one over the top. The next one, number four is, honestly, I'm surprised. I thought that this would rank towards the bottom, but I've been enjoying this thoroughly. This is the NARS Summer Unrated Palette. I wasn't even going to pick this up when it first launched. That is how dead set against this palette that I was. Now in terms of how this runs against other NARS palettes, this is extremely underwhelming. It is just the same NARS eyeshadow palette rearrange that has been relaunched multiple times over again, which is why I didn't order this. But then, you know, the Sephora sale comes and I become a monster. So I did pick this up, you know, add to cart. It's that easy. It shows up. This shade is very breakable though. I wouldn't be surprised if you order this online if it comes shattered. And it's just like not being pressed back in. That is very annoying because it's one of the essential and prettiest shades in this palette. But anyways, this palette extremely boring, but the quality, it's just a good solid workable palette. The colors are really beautiful. If you just want a rosy look, you're going to get it with this. It is a great basic palette. Does it stand out in my collection of my palettes? No, you know, there's nothing unique about this, but quality is really great. It's kind of that palette. If this shade wasn't so dang messy that I'd want to travel with because it has those great essential colors. So I have been enjoying my time with this. I'm not heart eyes for it, but it's just one of those things where even though it's so boring, it's because it's so good and you keep reaching for it because at the end of the day, I am boring. So I really have been enjoying this. And if you feel this is a color story that you're going to enjoy, a palette that you are going to get a lot of use out of, you will really enjoy the quality here and it will be a palette. You might be surprised at how often you reach for. So I don't regret this purchase, but I do recommend maybe getting it at a discount. Let's not pay full price. Nars is expensive, but if you can get it at a discount, find your discount code, sign up for some email, whatever, whatever. I think it's worth it. All right, number three. I was unsure of whether or not to put this in this video, but at the end of the day, it's a rose palette. So we are talking about the Bridgerton eyeshadow palette, Mothership, Bell of the Ball. Now, am I biased in this rankings? Yes. This is a Pat McGrath palette that is themed by Bridgerton. So I do plan on using it a lot. I do enjoy the color story, but again, it's one of those things where does it stand out in what the brand has launched on its own? No. Okay. You can get a lot better from the brand, but individually, as I'm looking at it against these other rose palettes, slight cheating because it's not fully rose, but it's a dang good palette. Okay. It's this shade right here that's really pushing it at number three. You put this all over the crease. You put this in the outer corner. You put this on the lid and this is what dreams are made of in terms of a pink glam eye for me. Your girl loves sparkle. I'm going to use this palette a lot. If I'm standing it up against these other palettes, this shade is really creamy and beautiful. Again, the quality is what dreams are made of. Yeah, you have this fun green pop, which honestly is so beautiful and then you have this. This is fine.  Number two, number one and two actually were neck and neck for me, but I just had to go by value, which is what put this at number two. This is the Charlotte Tilbury pillow talk dreams luxury palette. I always talk about how terrible the value is with these Charlotte Tilbury palettes. They are so, so expensive for this minuscule amount of product. But when Charlotte Tilbury does it good, man, does she do it good? This is one of the best formulations that you can get your hands on. So right now I have this on my eyes. I have this in the outer half of my crease. I didn't go in with that dark shade and then I have the darkest shade really kind of smoking it out along my lower lash line as well. And then I have this covering the inner half of the lid and then a little bit of this popped in the center. These mattes blend like butter. They are so pigmented. They blend out easily. They're one of those formulations where I could do a whole look with multiple levels of depth with this one shade. That is how high quality it is. This shimmer is so beautiful. It's going to look so stunning on those of you with mature lids who still like that ethereal glow. And then of course you have this shade right here, which is beautiful and extra and glimmery. So I cannot say a bad thing about this palette other than the value is not the greatest. But this is one of Charlotte Tilbury's best eyeshadow palettes she's ever launched. I would definitely say top three. So I'm obsessed with this one. I love the eye look that I have today. Is it basic? Yes. But is it everything that I want? Pink quad? Yes. I love it. I love, love, love the way that my makeup looks today because of this quad. All right. Leaving that to number one, which again was fighting with Charlotte Tilbury, but it's a lot better value. And that is going to be the Patrick Tull Major Dimension Eyeshadow Palette. The second one. So this is the Rose one. This one also is coming shattered. So wait until they come into store if you want to order this. But this is what my dreams are made up as well because of the extra glimmery dimensional shades. I think this creates the most beautiful rose tone look. Now, if you don't like rose tones, run far away from this palette because you're not getting much else with this. The looks aren't going to be as diverse.  You can get a light, everyday eye, maybe a pop of gold. But it's, it's going to be rose. You know what I mean? So if you don't like that, I don't even know why you're watching this video to begin with, but it's a rose, rose tone palette. I didn't wear it today because the last tutorial that I posted, my everyday makeup routine, I actually use this. So that should tell you I cannot put this down. I'm even using it in my everyday makeup tutorial and that look that I did, by the way, so, so pretty. So yeah, I love the quality of this. The mattes are super buttery and smooth, really dimensional shades. Sometimes, you know, maybe I want to tone it down a bit, but it's still fine. I really am enjoying this and just looking at the layout here in front of me. This is the one that excites me the most. It's the one that I feel inspired the most to use that I want to play with that I know I'm going to love the look that I get with it every time. So that is what put it at number one. My most favorite rose palette of the moment. So let me know down below which of these palettes you have tried and how you would rank them and give me the details. Tell me what you like and what you don't like. Do you agree with me? I feel so hypocritical because I do talk trash about all of these rose tone palettes coming out. I love the way that they look. I am the problem. I am the reason that they keep coming out with rose palettes because I keep buying them and using them and talking about how great they are. Are you the problem as well? Please tell me. And that's why you know I do get a lot of you asking me why do they keep coming out with rose palettes?  It's all about the money. Anyways, I hope you guys enjoyed this video and found it helpful. Thank you for taking time out of your day and hanging out with me and I will catch you guys in the next one. I guess have a good one.


a very good Tuesday morning to you. You are watching Entrepreneurship Tuesday, only on Y in the Morning on Y254 channel. I hope you did catch that interview with one Barrymore and DJ Jomber, and I guess all of you now know that your art can also make you some money. Anyway, with us in studio, if you do want to participate in the conversation, our handles are at hashtag Y in the Morning on Twitter at Y254 channel, and on Facebook we are at Y254, and on YouTube we are at Y254 channel, just in case you missed any of the valuable insight here. On Instagram we are at Y254 underscore channel, and today in studio with me, I have a couple that's going to let us know how to make love and money work. They are the founders, Marsha Arts, they are the founders of Mashulea. I have one Maria Nyambane Waweru, and Nahashon Gugi Waweru, together they are the Wawerus, and I will allow them to say good morning to you. Good morning, this is Maria Nyambane Waweru, the founder of Marsha Arts, Marsha Arts, the young magazine, the author of Love, The Original You, and the director of Mashulea application. Good morning, I'm Waweru, Nahashon Demester. I'm the co-founder of Mashulea, Mashulea the developer in the co-founder, the co-founder of Marsha Arts company. Okay, in case you're wondering what Mashulea is all about, they are going to let us know how they learned and how they decided to create a business out of digitizing education. How do you find the perfect school on your palm just easily in real time? They'll let us know in quite a minute. However, I'd like them to first let us know. As a couple, why the interest? Why did you endeavor in this journey? Mashulea, what is Mashulea? In case someone at home is wondering. Okay, I'll say my middle name is Cupid, I call myself that, because I realize that for you to be with someone, you must have one thing in common. And I have issues with trusting people, so I have to find something that can make us argue on the same level. When we started Mashulea app, we realized that we can work together, live together, and be together. And that's how we became a couple and still became business partners. It's actually the easiest thing I can say that has made our marriage look so beautiful and easy to handle. Even when challenges come, when you're mad at each other, you'll realize that at the end of the day you need to contact a school and you have to discuss that first. So, let's hold the grudge and do something. So, working together has made even the marriage look interesting, yeah. Interesting, so why is it that you decided that we needed an app where parents can easily find schools rather than going to look for the place physically or online? What gap did you identify in the market that you saw? I, okay, no, no, no. We need to be able to find the perfect school for our child in real time. I've been in teaching industry. I was in teaching industry for about seven years before I decided to quit and go to a city completely. So, as a teacher of both primary school and high school, I realized that most of the parents were relying on information from other parents or the information from teachers to know about a certain school. If you want to take your kid to a kindergarten, a standard one or a formal one, you have to inquire from other parents or you have to hover from one place to one place looking for school. So, when the idea of Masuri app came, the idea of how can we digitize this activity? That's why we came up with the formation of Masuri app. And also considering that we have a magazine, considering that we have a kids magazine called The Young, which features schools, which features the activities of kids in schools. We realized that most of these kids have turned up to the ICT, have turned up to technology. And this has forced us to realize that as far as it is concerned, there is the reading culture which you have to bring it back to the society. The reading culture. The reading culture. That's why we have even the digital magazine which is free in the mobile application. So, instead of your kid spending 100% of his time in social media, he can have at least a little bit of time reading the magazine in the mobile application. Other than the magazine, we even have the test papers in the magazine. We have, I mean the test papers in the mobile app. We have even other product in the same mobile application. Wait, the mobile app has test papers? Yes. Wow. It has the new curriculum in PDF. We read more about the new curriculum in PDF. So, it's a one stop shop for academic sector. Yes. Interesting. I'd like to understand from Maria. You're also an author. Love the, love you. Love the original you. Love the original you. What inspired this book? In fact, let me just hold it up. Just in case. Just give Mashule up a little break. Do go so that we can highlight one Maria over here who is also a child trainer. Well, she has a book called Love the Original You. And I'd like to understand, what was the idea behind this book? Just before we continue. The idea behind the book. Okay, the book generally talks about self esteem. I have worked with kids all my life. I would say when I was a kid, I was still working with kids. And growing up, I realized that there is a niche that needs to be covered. Okay, we have everything for the youth, for women. We have all those things, but we don't have one thing for the kids. And if you look at our generation right now, things are changing. Our kids are not, the same way I would raise my child is not the same way I was raised. There were grounds that were put in me, that are not going to be put in some other kids. So growing up, I realized that people are getting lost. And of late, I think, all of you in the media will testify with me that suicide rates have gone high. So I realized that self esteem is an issue that needs to be talked about. And having, I've suffered from self esteem at a point in my life. You feel self esteem. Yeah, at a point in my life I suffered from that. And I realized that this, that is the one thing that people have not addressed so much. So I decided, let me do a book that will help the teenagers, the young people and the youth so that they can at least understand more about themselves. So Love the Original is basically a bit of my story with a lot of generational changes that are coming in and more on self esteem, more on ways of handling self esteem. So if anyone, for anyone who has read the book will tell you that when you read this book, you don't read it because they, you know, their chapters, their pages, everything is interesting in it. But the only interesting thing about this book is the fact that you get to understand yourself because I have covered all types of personalities in the book. All types of personalities. All types of personalities in the book. I had to do a research, all those, I had to do a huge research so that I can at least cover everyone who has issues and then I've worked with kids. So it's easier for me to understand, like when you go to teach kids, you realize that they're different kids. They're raised differently. So you have to at least try to understand those kids while they're growing up. And having to work, like, starting the young magazine was, I started the magazine because I wanted to deal with kids. So writing the book was also because I wanted to get to kids. So my entire life is based on the young people, yeah. Interesting. The reason why I wanted you guys to talk about your books is also that everybody at home can know that the founders of Mashulea are parents themselves. They are people who are passionate about children. So you can trust them. They started this in the year 2015. Am I wrong? Yes, yes. So what can you say in hindsight, now that you're the CEO's and you've been the CEO's for a minute now, in hindsight, what is it that you wish that you know now that you wish you knew then? One thing I've realized, I wish I could have that, that was facing the charges. I think in the development of the mobile application, in the development of the magazine, and in the publication of this book, because she has written about 15 books, but it became so difficult because I was reading all the manuscript. But when I read this specific one, I had to force it to be published. Indeed, the publication was done within few weeks. I have to get people to write the forward, people to read the book again, to correct the book for it to be published. So I realized that there is that aspect of you can do it. If we had that attitude back in 2015, I think you could be having, you could be being a notch higher than where we are. But as always, we say God's time is the best time. And also a journey of 1,000 miles starts with one step.  And two, I've realized that we have a lot of charges in the education sector, especially in schools. And if I knew this, at that time when I was 30, we could have known how to approach these things on which side to serve them for. Interesting. What about you, Maria? Do you have anything you can add on to that? Yeah. I wish I knew that things are not easy. You know, when I was 30, I thought, like, okay, I'll just go to someone, I'll talk, and then everything will be easy. You'll just talk? I'll just go talk, things will be easy. And I'm a talkative person, by the way. So I knew I'll work in a school, ask them what I need, and they'll say yes and everything. But I wish that someone told me things were not so easy. And the one thing that I'm glad I never did was giving up. Another thing I wish I knew is that I wish I understood people more. I am not so social. I don't know how to interact so well. So I wish I had learned how to interact with people before I started all this. Okay. Another thing now, the biggest one, is that I wish I knew how people can win trust. How you can win people's trust? Yeah, because that has been the biggest, the biggest challenge that I've faced so far. That is the one thing that I'll tell people that even when you're starting something, if it's new, you have to walk that journey. You have to walk the journey. You have to walk the journey. It's not easy. Okay, interesting. Now that you have finally achieved it and there it is, Mashula Up is up and running, can you take us through the process in which once I get the app and I click on it, what do I do next? And I've downloaded it, for example. What do I do next? I can say as a developer, as the main developer or the sole developer of the application, supported by her. When you come to business, she's the boss. When you come to family, I'm the boss. Okay. She's my director. I'm the operations manager. So in short, one thing which derives you to have the app is the need. What do you want? If you want to get materials for school, if you want to look for uniform, if you want to look for school, if you want to read the magazine, if you want to know about curriculum, so there is the need. So I'd like to start from the first point. You have downloaded your app from Google Play Store. And I think in the latest next week, you'll also be in the A-Poster. You'll be able to download the app from there also. Actually, we've downloaded it on a Mac, so I'm guessing it's there. Yes, yes. It's up already. Yes. So, if you need, I would like, once you download the app, and the app is very small in terms of memory. I think about 9MB. So it's economically, it's bad or, you know, it's bad or zaku, it's considered. So once you download the app, if you want to look for a school. Wait, how many bundles did you say? I think it's about 9MB. 9MB only, wow. Just 9MB. That's easy on the phone. So once you download it, you are home and dry. The app doesn't require you to register anything. It doesn't require your email. It doesn't require your contact. As a programmer and as a person in ICT security, my career background is totally in ICT, computer science and security. So we have ensured that we don't want to take any of your details. Most of the mobile applications, she realized that they are taking either your emails, your contacts, your ID number, and then it becomes very tricky for you. It becomes very tricky for you to start receiving images, to start talking of cyber crime. So we have ensured that that is not the case in our mobile application. Okay, so the security. The security aspect is 100%. That's guaranteed. So what we have ensured that once you download the app, the first page you get is such. FIDER school. FIDER school. FIDER school. We have three schools in that place. That's what we call the prime space of the app. So if you want your school to appear in those, in that page, that's the prime space. You have to pay a little bit higher. Indeed, we are calling it as token, because it's very cheap. Because we are only paying 10,000 more than other schools, which are only paying 20,000 for a whole year. Yes, because I was actually going to ask you, I've seen you also have a fee for the schools that want to be featured. I can see Brookhurst International. Yes, we have Brookhurst. We have PC, Ten Academy. We have Tadakia Academy. We have Sokyumau. These are some of the schools, we have interacted with, especially when you come to the magazine. We have interacted with, so we are partners with them. So they have gone a step higher to realize our business and what we are doing. And to adopt, these schools have really adopted technology as they are running, as they are running module. And if you go to the new curriculum, computer science is somewhere in the upper secondary. And computing, it's starting even at the lower level. And considering that everybody has a phone. So we have to go, even if you have a student in school, you have to ensure that technology has been taken care of. Yes. Because of moderation and discipline part of it. So once you download the app, you go to the first page where you meet the search. So you get FEDA perfect school. FEDA perfect school? Yes, FEDA perfect school. What are you looking for? So for example, if we are looking for a school, maybe I can just give an example of a school we have in the mobile application. If for example, we have a school like Fred's School Kamusinga. Indeed, we have all type of schools. Kidgarten, primary and secondary. High school. And high schools we have. So if we are looking for a school like Fred's School Kamusinga, whatever, that place where it's written, FEDA perfect school, you just write it.  So you write Fred's School Kamusinga, then you search. So it will give you the option of that school. So the option will appear somewhere down. Then you'll click that school. Once you click that school, it will bring you to this page now. You read about the school. About the school. The location of the school, and the events. For public secondary schools, it's absolutely free. Wow. So we want to ensure that by the end of this week, we have about 8,000 schools in the application. For all the parents taking students to form one, you don't know the location of the schools from the up. You won't have to struggle. This is quite timely, considering it's January. I hope I'm going back to school. It's the back to school season. Yeah, you won't have to struggle for that. For the other schools, for the private schools. So once you get to this page, you read about the school, then you get to the location of the school, the exact location up to the estate. We have ensured that this. Up to the estate. Up to the estate. The teniest detail you want. We have ensured that this is correlated with the Google Maps. So if the school has not been mapped in the Google Apps, we'll map it for you. Oh, okay. So you don't have to say that my school is not in the Google App. Just tell us where your school is. So you'll be able to trace the location and know if it's the kind of location that you would like your child to be in. Interesting. So from there, and if you want to get a school, if you don't know all the schools, for example, in Umorja Estate in Nairobi, so you'd go to wherever the first page we were, you just write the name Umorja. To give you all the schools in Umorja Estate.  So in that location, I think now you are settled. You can be able to go there now. So another feature we have added is that since it's together with Google Maps, you can be able to trace the direction indeed from wherever you are. I've seen there also other things that happen after I know the location of the school. I can see there's curriculum. Yes, after you know about the location of the school, then you have another page for events. This now looks like a notice board for that individual school. You can know the time dates, the crossing day, the opening day, the exams, the parents' day. All the events you have in your school can be mapped to the application. Indeed, you are the one who is adding this information. And it's very simple. Once we sign a contract with you at the beginning of the, once we sign the contract for a full whole year, your work will be just to sit down, set in the information, we do the work for you. Oh. So it's very easy to understand and navigate through the app. Yes. So once you have the time dates there, you don't have to be cramming. If you have three kids in your home, in three different schools, what should you have three apps? Wait, so even after I find a school for my child, I can also check the events that are happening. I can follow up. Ah, very interesting. Anyway, we need to wind this segment up first. So from there, you can get the events. And once you get the events, I think other things from the app. We have the places for resources. You can get the magazine. As you can see from here, you have the second edition of the young magazine.  But in the next few minutes, one of our programmers is working on having the new curriculum in the app in the next about one hour. So you'll be able to know about the new curriculum from the app. This app is not only going to help me find a school, it's going to help me also keep up with the events that are happening in that school, with the curriculum, with the magazines. Ah, very interesting. All in one, not all in one together. It's education is the holder system, how you have tried to have as much as we can. Quick and easy at the palm of my hands in real time, wherever I am, I can see it. Wow, the young people in this country are really doing a number. So finally, it's still in the application. If you have a bookshop, talk to us. We have a bookshop in the application. Some of the schools have to get uniforms from a specific supplier. So we go to that supplier, we have the information of that supplier in the app. We have a page for Dill said coupons.  Interesting, all in one, all in one. Wow, you know I'm so surprised because when we were told to go digital, I didn't expect this, but now I'm seeing this is going to another level. Kenyans are really doing it. You could be the next time Pesar billionaires. You never know, with Mashule app. Anyway, thank you guys so much for coming. It's about time we conclude this segment. But I'd like to hear from you, Maria, any parting shots? Would you have any parting shots with regards to the app because National has exhausted very, very deep explanation on how to reach the app? Okay, the only thing I'll tell people, actually the school owners, I would like to tell them to download. To download it?  It's as simple as that. Contact us as soon as your school can be featured. Because it's easier for you to get parents to know you once you're featured in the app. Another thing is for the parents, download the app. And those who, you know, I've told people to download and they tell me, you know, I don't have a kid. My kids are already in school. People have excuses. But you may help someone else who doesn't know technology. Because they're all people out there who can't do that. You can help someone. So I'll tell them, please do it. Okay. Yeah. All right, all right. You have been talking to the Wawerus, the founders of Mashule app, authors themselves of TheYang and love the original you. All right. Thank you guys so much for coming to Studio Today. It's about time we conclude this segment. I am Hilda Wadibi. The DJ is coming back. Please don't go anywhere. It's Entrepreneur Shift Tuesday here on Y in the Morning on Y2Five4 channel. My name is Hilda Wadibi.


Thousands of people attended a rally in London on November 5th, which was organised to protest US attempts to extradite WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange. The Don't Extradite Assange Rally was held outside the Home Office and was addressed by Assange's father, John Shipton, who has been campaigning for his release in Australia and the UK. From Belmarsh this afternoon, Julian sends his greetings and appreciation for your strength and determination to free him from Belmarsh and allow him to return to the bosom of his family. Now all of his family gathered together here in London to carry the fight forward. We are faced here with a great task, all of us together, to ensure that Julian is free from the persecution that's gone on now for nine years. How we can, not only can we win, but let me tell you, we are winning. Many of the protesters were wearing masks with Assange's face. The rally attracted widespread attention. After British rapper and musician Madhangi Arul Prakasam, popularly known as MIA, confirmed that she would be performing. MIA was joined by another rapper Karim Dennis, known as Loki, who performed a piece in tribute to Assange. Fashion designer Vivian Westwood was also among the speakers demanding his release and donned an Assange mask as well. This is the home office of the British government. I am here to protest government corruption and the death of justice.  Julian Assange has been languishing in the high security Belmarsh prison for several months after he was sentenced to 50 weeks in prison by a local British court for violating bail conditions. He has been put in solitary confinement by the prison authorities. According to reports, Assange's health has deteriorated rapidly in jail and he has lost nearly 15 kilos. The UN Special Rapporteur on Torture, Niels Melzer and former British diplomat Craig Murray have also suggested that Assange has consistently displayed signs of being tortured. Assange's deteriorating health was visible to all when he appeared at his extradition hearing on October 21 at the Westminster Magistrate Court. The whistleblower is currently facing an extradition request by US federal prosecutors who want him to stand trial on charges that could carry a total of 175 years of imprisonment. Several activists and celebrities have called for the immediate release of Assange over concerns for Assange.


So many of us have the intuition that we see and hear and remember everything. Does our mind work like a video camera? It definitely doesn't work like a video camera or any kind of recording advice. We're not just you know, taking in information and replaying it later. The whole process is much more complex and actually memory is reconstructive. It's it's we're taking bits and pieces of experience sometimes things that happened at different times and places and constructing our memories. Recollecting. When we recall something, that's it the process is more like one of reconstruction. Okay, so is that is that a perfect process? Is it fallible? How does it work? Well, so what happens in when you go through life you have experiences and you may store bits and pieces of information, but later on other things can happen. People can talk to you. You can tell people about your experiences. You can be fed misinformation about the experience and these activities can change your memory, can transform or distort your memory, so that when you try to call up a memory for a past event you're you're reconstructing and there can be lots of errors. Okay, but surely if I'm really confident about about my my belief or my recollection and it's really sincere and really emotional, surely that means it's more likely to be an accurate memory. Well, it may be slightly more likely to be an accurate memory if you're really confident about it, but confidence is not a good indicator that your memory is accurate because false memories can be expressed with a lot of confidence. They can be expressed with a lot of detail. They can be expressed with a lot of emotion. And so they have the same characteristics as true memories and and just relying on those characteristics can mislead people into thinking that something is real when it's not. Is it possible to implant a false memory, make somebody believe something happened when it never actually happened? Absolutely, and I mean in my own work, for example, we have we've changed people's memories for the details of events that they did experience. We've made people, for example, believe that a car went through a stop sign instead of a yield sign or a guy running from the scene had curly hair instead of straight hair. That's really easy to do, but you can go further with people. You can plant entirely false memories, whole memories, into the minds of people for things that didn't happen. Wow, so surely that has implications for people testifying in court, like witnesses saying, yes, that was the guy that committed the crime or yes, the car went through the stop sign and hit the other car. Does your research have implications for the court? Well, it does because most of the time, little errors that we make in memory don't matter very much.  But when it comes to the legal world, now very precise memory matters. And so memory evidence is precious. It needs to be preserved. It needs to be protected. And unfortunately, a lot of times it's not. And people or circumstances get in there and contaminate those memory traces and lead to travesties of justice. Wow, are there any famous cases of false memories? Oh gosh, well, I'm trying to figure out where I would begin with. There's certainly a lot of famous politicians who have had distorted memories. One of my favorite ones is Hillary Clinton, who was running for the presidency of the United States when she talked about a trip that she had taken to Bosnia, and she had a very vivid recollection of landing under sniper fire on this trip that was supposed to be a greeting ceremony, but instead they just had to run to the base. And later, photographs were revealed of this landing in Bosnia, and it was extremely peaceful. It was lots of children there, Hillary's daughter was there, and so what's going on here? She had a distorted memory, one that resulted in a little bit of embarrassment for her because people called her Pinocchio, but she made a mistake. I mean, she had a false memory. And her case shows us that all that intelligence, all that experience, all that education, all that Yale Law School degree doesn't protect you from having false memories. I cannot make those mistakes. That's interesting. Do we ever repress memories? So if there's something bad that's happened in our childhood that we might want to forget on some level, do we ever repress memories and do they ever come back without our knowledge? On this whole question of repression, I have to say that what we do do is we sometimes don't think about things for a long time and can be reminded of them. Sometimes unpleasant experiences we don't think about for a long time and we can be reminded of them. But that is ordinary forgetting and remembering. This notion of repression that you can take years of brutalization, banish it into the unconscious, where it's walled off from the rest of mental life and then get in there and reliably recover it all, just no credible scientific support for this. And yet many people have been prosecuted or sued civilly based on claims of repression and so-called derepression. Is it possible to tell the difference between a true and a false memory? We haven't had very much luck doing that. I mean, we've tried looking at emotional ratings. Maybe people are more emotional about their true ratings, but that doesn't make a difference. Maybe you see different brain images. If you did put people in an fMRI machine and you'd see differences between true and false memories, but there are barely any differences. I mean, maybe true memories and false memories would persist differentially. Maybe true memories persist longer, but we don't see even evidence for that. My name is Elizabeth. I think about memory.


Everybody forced here. I'm ripping the sports card Almanac multi-sport personal box edition of volume 3 Got a box here for Landon G. He picked box 18 Payton Manning number paid Manning box. Good luck Landon. Let's see what you got miss personally came to mind. No, yeah I'm gonna have to we're gonna get to some I'm not gonna be able to name anybody so At least a few all right There we go Landon number 18 for you We're gonna hit a box number jersey match like in one of these it's gonna happen at least once I think in the 100 boxes That's pretty 2020 contenders optic Randy Moss Green Pulsar all-time contenders auto PSA 10 that is a gorgeous Randy Moss five of ten on the numbering That's sick, dude big-time Randy what do you guys think second third best receiver probably second Fantastic looking card got the golden purple and the green it is kind of pops. It's like a Mardi Gras card Here you go Landon nice Mardi Gras Randy Moss. Thanks again, buddy. We'll get it right out to you