Arsene attacks cost Metroral R5 20 million in damages. Cape Town, Metroral suffered damages to the tune of R5 20.8 million due to Arsene attacks which saw 174 trains go up in smoke in the past four years. The attacks crippled the local rail service which now has only 44 out of 88 train sets operating. Local advocacy groups have petitioned President Cyril Ramaphosa to declare Cape Town's trains, which are run by the Passenger Rail Association of S.A., Prisa, a national disaster. In his State of the Nation address on Thursday night, Ramaphosa said he was taking steps to get state-owned enterprises, SOs, such as Prisa back on track. We want our SOs to be fully self-sufficient and be able to fulfill their development and economic role. We have established the Presidential SO Council, which will provide political oversight and strategic management in order to reform, reposition and revitalize SOs, Ramaphosa said. The former acting chief executive at Prisa, Uthuzeli Swartz, was dismissed last November and later charged with fraud, money laundering and theft of railway lines and sleepers to the tune of R1.5M. To restore proper corporate governance, new boards with credible, appropriately experienced, and ethical directors, have been appointed at Escom, Penal, Tranesnet, Safkal, Prisa and S.A. Express, Ramaphosa said. Last year, 56 coaches were destroyed in attacks on the Western Cape's commuter rail service. There have been no new arson attacks since October, when two trains were set on fire in Cape Town station, while just a few kilometers away, Transport Minister Blade and Zimanda and Prisa were busy briefing Parliament about how they planned to stop train attacks. Metroral spokeswoman Rihanna Scott said a joint effort between Metroral Protection Services, SAP's rapid rail response unit and private security contractors has resulted in hundreds of arrests since March. Last year Metroral Western Cape acquired forensic ability, deployed additional armed security in priority areas and implemented surveillance technology, arrests started to increase immediately and the first conviction followed soon. Anonymous tip-offs contribute to a significant number of arrests, Scott said. While trying to repair and replace lost coaches, Metroral engineers are also fighting to modernize the service against a scourge of metal theft, vandalism, and decrepit old infrastructure. The full modernization of the Western Cape's rail service is anticipated to cost R9 billion. A significant chunk of that expenditure will be on new trains, with our 3BN earmark to replace lost sets. Depot modernization will cost our 2.6BN, station upgrades are 1.6BN, and re-signalling our 1.2BN projects underway total R292M. Scott said Metroral had already completed its new nerve center from which all the signalling of trains would be monitored, and several areas already had new signalling installed and were operational. However, vandalism is delaying improvements where they are most desperately needed. The central area as the busiest line was designated to be modernized first. However due to the devastating impact of vandalism and theft in the Bonta-Huel Netreg-Nianga Triangle, only two out of four lines remain operable, she said. The next stations to be upgraded are Nolunjial, Bonta-Huel, Mandalay, Lentasure and Stock Road. The new Philippi station is nearly complete. Metroral has already launched the rail enforcement unit to boost security and crowd management on trains, partly funded by the city council. This put 100 extra law enforcement officers along the system.


This is the problem people don't realize that persistence doesn't even begin until you feel like quitting. Persistence is not consistency, that's just consistency. Start off good, consistent, excited, trials come. Well, I didn't realize the hard times would come. I didn't realize it would get this difficult, so having said that, I'm out. Not realizing persistence begins when you feel like you've given all you have. Persistence begins when you feel like you've tried everything but it's not working. Persistence begins when you've exhausted all emotion, all intellect, everything you have to offer. And you finally say, look, I don't know if I can do this anymore. He says, great, now persistence starts.


Okay, as I said, this is a walk through of the whole process and it's gonna be interactive and a little bit quiz-like. So I'm gonna ask some questions. I'm gonna ask you to label some stuff and go ahead and push pause when you need to to go through this process. This is an opportunity to study the whole thing from start to finish and check your understanding of how it is working. Okay, we are going to establish some places. First thing, what is the equation for cellular respiration? Go ahead and write that down somewhere and we're gonna attach it to this slide like and we're gonna keep it there. So hopefully you're like, dude, I know what that equation is and zoom in if you need to but the equation is glucose plus oxygen combines to form water and carbon dioxide and ATP. Something that's usually left out of the equation is that ATP doesn't come from the glucose molecule. You need ADP and P in order to get that ATP but the energy to build ATP from ADP plus P comes from that glucose molecule. Okay, another question. Where does cellular respiration take place? Well, this is a tricky one because we should have multiple answers Some of the processes take place in the cytoplasm of the cell a lot of them take place in the mitochondria. So what you see here is a piece of the mitochondria that we are going to, you can see I've color coded I've effectively color coded this part. We have places in here that match color wise but we're gonna be talking about mitochondria. Okay, let's label some structures. I've done a thing. Notice up at the top of the mitochondrion I took a square just like I did in the lecture earlier and this whole box, everything on your screen is showing you the, it's a snapshot of that one little square of the mitochondria. So let's label the parts. I want you to label the outer mitochondrial membrane the inner mitochondrial membrane, the intermembrane space the mitochondrial matrix and the cytoplasm. All five of those things should be labeled on the big blown up picture and the little mitochondria up in the corner. If you need some assistance, I've numbered them on the big mitochondria. If you still need some assistance, I've now correlated them with what's in the picture itself. Do you see all those? And I've given them the actual numbers. So you can see the outer mitochondrial membrane is that top line. The blue space is the intermembrane space. The mitochondrial matrix is green, number four, and the cytoplasm itself is white at the very top. I could flip this. We could take a different slice of mitochondrion and have different locations of all of our stuff. And that would be fine. So make sure you identify where you are when putting things in and labeling. I'm gonna go ahead and just label these for good so that you don't forget where we are and the context. But again, if I took a different slice of mitochondria and the relationships would all change. All right, some things that we need to keep track of. All the way through this, we're gonna do our energy accounting. And we're gonna fill in this table right here. We're gonna do a total energy accounting as we go. So we're not gonna break it down like we did in the previous lecture. But you fill this in, what are the things that we're gonna keep track of? Carbon dioxide is one. Oops, we're gonna do water and we're gonna do ATP and those high energy electron carriers. The reason why I left the high energy electron carriers to last is because I wanna just have a visual for how they work. Here's an electron carrier that's empty and of course you know I made it look like a little car. It can carry two high energy electrons. And this is how I'm making this visible to you. Anytime the high energy electron carrier gets rid of its electrons, the energy is going to be released. It's going to pass the electrons somewhere and energy will be released. And this is how I'm illustrating this. So you can see the energy that's released is squiggly lines. We can capture that and use that energy to do work. If those electrons get put back on the electron car, then we're just gonna refill that car. And in fact, the electron carrier is gonna go back and participate in the process again. It really is being recycled. The electron carriers are being recycled. Okay, let's see. Here's a question for you. What's the first stage of cellular respiration? What do you think? First stage is glycolysis and where, oh, I wonder if that's another question that I have. What is the input for glycolysis? What is the thing, what is going into glycolysis that we care about? Glucose and you can see how I've illustrated glucose in this diagram. What is the output for glycolysis? At the end of glycolysis, we end up with what? Two pyruvate molecules, very good. And you can see how I've illustrated the pyruvate molecules. What are some of the outcomes? Like what else comes off of this process that we wanna keep track of? ATP, how many ATPs do we end up with? I don't think I included them yet. And what's the other thing that we end up with that is relevant? We end up with two electron carriers. When we put, because we got two pyruvates out of this, let's go ahead and throw in those numbers into our energy accounting. Are you cool so far? We're processing right along. We go through the process of glycolysis and what you see now is everything that we got out of it. Two pyruvate molecules, two electron carriers and two ATPs. Could have added two electron carriers and two ATPs but it just felt busy. So we're keeping track of them down here in this electron energy accounting chart. Okay, let's see what happens to those molecules. ATP, where's it headed? It's headed off to be used.  Let's see when we arrive. Step two, we have to modify the pyruvate. So predict what's gonna happen with pyruvate. We're gonna take pyruvate, we're gonna produce acetyl-CoA. Remember, pyruvate has three carbons and acetyl-CoA has two. So what are, oh, hey look, what happened to the other carbon? We know what happens to the other carbon. It becomes carbon dioxide and this happens twice. So we end up with two carbon dioxides. Did you see we just added that into our energy accounting table? What else do we get out of this beautification process? Two high energy electron carriers. So now we have two more of those puppies which means we have a total of four high energy electron carriers. Where are the high energy electron carriers going? They're headed out, home kids. They're just going to the electron transport chain. Where is the carbon dioxide going? I answered my question, but I didn't see a way for you to know that I answered my question. Look, the carbon dioxide is being breathed out. And meanwhile, the acetyl-CoA is entering what? The citric acid cycle. Peace out to the electron carrier. Peace out to the two carbon dioxides. Now, citric acid cycle. Acetyl-CoA, remember we have two of those guys. Acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, goes through the whole giddy up and all we're doing is summarizing what's gonna come out. Carbon dioxides, how many of them come out? Cause we're done. We're gonna add the four remaining carbons are gonna get bumped out in the citric acid cycle. Keep track of that in our energy accounting and we have a total of six. What else do we get out of this process? I'm glad that I said ATP cause we get two of those guys and let's throw them into our energy accounting and make sure we keep track of that whole thing. So we get two ATPs out of this process. What else comes out? What's the big money maker? The electron carriers, the high energy electron carriers, they get loaded up. So remember I showed you the empty one? The empty one arrives at the citric acid cycle and says I'm here. I don't have any high energy electrons and all those molecules that are going through the chemical reaction cycling through that getting rid of all the carbons that came from the glucose, energy is captured in high energy electrons and given to that electron carrier. We load up eight of those guys. So we end up with eight more high energy electron carriers giving us a total of 12. Now we're going to send those electron carriers to the inter mitochondrial membrane and we're gonna go to the electron transport chain.  It's like, dude, we got money right now. Somebody's gotta spend it. Lots of places to spend it. It's gonna get used right up and carbon dioxide just gets breathed right on out. High energy electron carriers are headed to the electron transport chain. Notice how I made the visual look pretty much exactly like how I drew it in the previous version. When I drew it by hand, it just helps me to visualize these proteins that's sort of like passing something downhill and energy being released from that process. The high energy electron carriers, oh, we gotta add in our protons or our hydrogen ions and I'm starting us with not a gradient because we need those high energy electrons in order to establish the gradient. So the high energy electrons, ah, there they are. I went ahead and it looks like I said, let's pretend like it already happened and now we've got this high concentration of protons in that inner membrane space. So you aren't gonna be able to pump more protons into that space unless you provide an energy source, high energy electron carriers to the rescue.  Check out what happens. As they pass off those high energy electrons, energy is released, that energy is used. Look, here's a question for you. What will that energy be used for? That energy is used. Look, here's the proton that is being pumped by the protein into against its concentration gradient and into the inner membrane space. I have, that looks like another, okay, what do you think is gonna happen to the pair, the two pairs of electrons you see here? I don't know, what did I say? The electrons get passed to the next protein and a new high energy electron carrier shows up. As long as you can pass the electrons to the next protein and you can have another high energy electron carrier, we had 12 of those things, you can continue to pump. Now, if you look carefully, you'll see empty electron cars are headed back to the whole process to get refilled. They're gonna go back to the citric acid cycle and get more high energy electrons.  Meanwhile, the energy is being used to pump protons against the concentration gradient. So look, we're just gonna continue this process. Notice how this is happening. We continue it. We keep it going. It's still happening. Okay, what has occurred now? Well, do we have anywhere to pass our electrons? Not yet. The question prompts us for what we wanna think about next, which is, okay, we just created a high concentration of hydrogen ions in this intermembrane space. What can we do with that? We gotta do something with that. And this is where we let the hydrogen ions out. So notice I've highlighted one of our hydrogen ions. I'm also bringing in who? One of the hydrogen ions is gonna get out. And as long as we have ADP plus P coming into the ATP synthase, voila! We're gonna turn the ADP plus P into ATP using the energy that came through down that hydrogen ion concentration gradient. It's true. That's happening in you right now. Off goes the ATP. Notice we grabbed another hydrogen ion. This guy's gonna come down. Another ADP plus P is making its appearance. Another ATP is generated. It bounces another, we can continue for forever. We could continue that forever. As long as we have a hydrogen ion concentration gradient, ATP synthase is gonna keep going. In order to have that, we have to keep pumping protons because they're gonna leak out through that ATP synthase and our concentration gradient's gonna go away and then we're not gonna have anything left. So what do we have to do? This could be quite possibly the most important part of the whole story. You have to have somewhere. You have to be able to keep pumping hydrogen ions, which means you have to get rid of these two electrons. You have to have somewhere to put them. Where do we put them again? Well, we gotta have a final electron acceptor. Dun-dun-dun-ah, who has arrived to the scene. Oxygen, oxygen is your final electron acceptor. Check out how I'm adding in a couple of protons. There's gajillions of those clowns. I'm adding the electrons. There's, we want, that's the whole point. We've got these electrons. We gotta put them somewhere. And now we're gonna end up with water.  Bottom line is that oxygen serves as that final electron acceptor and does turn into water. Water, we'll take that all day and water just disappears and it just becomes more of cell soup and is awesome. How many water molecules do you think we'll get from one glucose molecule? Six, balance your chemical equation and we know that we're gonna have to have six water molecules and it's true. Ultimately that glucose molecule produces six water molecules. Okay, shall we review the whole thing? Watch the whole thing in action, the whole electron transport chain in action. I'm showing you the whole chain, the whole process so that you can see all the pieces that are coming through at the same time. Electron carriers are coming to give new electrons. Water is arriving to, I mean oxygen is arriving to accept those electrons. That allows more electrons to be passed which allows those proteins to pump more protons which allows the proton gradient to exist so ATP synthase can produce more ATP. I do not know how long this goes but how cool is it that we just keep going and going and going and going.  We've had enough of this. So if that is helpful, I'm very glad. If it's not helpful, I hope you skipped it. I guess if you're still here it was helpful to you and it's a great way to practice and test yourself to make sure that you can visualize how all the processes work together. Okay, two things left to talk about.


Hey everybody, this is Christian Buckley doing another MVP buzz chat and I'm talking today with Olivier. Hello. Hi. So, for folks that don't know you, who are you, where are you, and what do you do? Well, first of all, thanks for having me. Having me, my name is Olivier Van Steyland. I'm located in Belgium. I work for a Belgium company in retail. I'm a data warehousing and reporting team lead on my day-to-day job. I'm still, well, working with more traditional data warehousing solutions. That's part of my past life. I'm always happy to find people from that world. I was a technical PM for about a decade. I was working doing data center migrations and consolidations. I spent my time traveling to different data center locations, working with multiple clients. I miss aspects of that life, like going up in the raised floors, especially in really hot weather to go inside those beautifully temperature-controlled server rooms. Great. That's great. And also, you are a brand spanking new MVP, so congratulations again for that. Thank you. Yeah, I was a bit surprised to be fair, but yeah. Oh, well, so we need to jump right into that. I mean, let's talk about your origin story. How did you become an MVP? How did you hear about it? Did you pursue it? Is it something you more fell into? What's your story? Well, I didn't really pursue it. Let's say I started working data for about 10 years ago, a bit more than a decade ago. When I was first working with open source technologies for first two and a half years, and back then I didn't know anything about it. So first things first, what did I do? I went to back then, I'm not very sure if it already was meetup, but I went to a local community. So I just went to several evening sessions and I learned quite a lot in quite a short amount of time. And I really was thinking, well, if I ever can do something for the community, there should be something like this. So I wasn't really planning, but that point in time I didn't even know what MPPs were. I wasn't even involved in the Microsoft technology at that point in time as well. And then I actually changed jobs, and I started to work with SQL server, analysis services, reporting services, all the traditional data processing stuff from the Microsoft stack. And during that time, I ran into a couple of consultants as well, who were part of a local Microsoft data community in Belgium. And so I ran into them, and I was just talking about stuff. And well, I just attended my first ever evening session with data mines, which is the Belgian data community, focusing on the Microsoft data platform. And then I just went to a couple events. And all of a sudden couple of years later, I joined data mines. Now, for example, I'm co-organizing evening sessions and co-organizing Data Mines Connect, which is our annual event. And then in the meanwhile, somewhere out there, one of my co-workers was reaching out and saying, well, wouldn't be speaking, would that be something for you? And I was like, well, not really. I'm more relaxed in that kind of way to work behind the scenes, to do some preparing, some preparations, but not really tapping into the spotlight. And I was like, well, no, not for now. I will see. And then actually, out of the sudden, I was starting to think about speaking as well. And I was like, well, I actually don't know if I have anything to share with people. So I was like, no, I don't have anything interesting, so we won't do it. And then it was, well, a couple of years ago. Well, you know what, maybe I should submit a session just about something we're running into on my day-to-day job. And that's what got me started with speaking and blogging as well. So I delivered my first session at Data Grill community event in Germany. And I was talking about, well, the stuff where I was running into on my day-to-day job. So really stuff where I was really feeling comfortable about. And from that point, I actually took a serious right. And I've been speaking, well, like, count right in the last year. I've been speaking more or less 14 or 15 times. Wow. Well, that's a lot. That's awesome. Yeah, that is a lot. Well, and I don't want to scare anybody that's thinking like following along with your path. I think like it is you, that's like the poster child, like the ideal. I love hearing about that ideal scenario for people start by attending. Like if you just don't know, you're finding things out. But at the very least, attend the user group sessions. I mean, I did that for years, you know, participated at that level and helped when I could ask questions, help answer questions when I could, but just there as a participant. And then a lot of user groups, maybe I don't know if you had this scenario. A lot of user groups and we certainly do this with my local group where we have like our main speaker, but we try to leave like a beginning, like 10, 15 minutes for somebody, hopefully from the immediate community to share something.  It's more like share something that you learn, share something that you're working on and that to kind of help people dip their toes into speaking. And we've helped, that's helped us develop kind of your next step was then to become one of the organizers of the community group. And we're, that's another thing like every, every community org out there is looking for help, but they want people that are consistently there. So if all you're doing first is showing up, show up for six months for a year, you know, on a pretty regular basis, realize stuff happens in our schedules. Sometimes we can't make it to a monthly meeting, but you know, try to participate, be there so that they know they can count on you and then volunteer. And that's, I think the vast majority of the MVPs, it's thought they followed that exact path. Yeah, exactly. Yeah, and then actually, for me, upright, done my first session, I started to write everything down. I really was thinking from now on everything when I'm running into I'm just going to write down. And in my case, it was in small book posts, which I'm doing quite frequently, I'm not sure more in the autumn or winter or spring, but I actually am writing quite a lot of stuff as well, and really to get people started. So I'm, I'm actually first writing things like, well, I've been running into this scenario. I didn't know the answer, but I managed to execute these particular steps. And this was the final solution, which I reached success. If I can't remember it in a couple of years, I can just reach out to my own blog post. Yep, I've already done it. So it is really useful. No, that's, that's a, I mean, I figured this out. So I mean, I write a lot. I read a lot of write a lot. I learned early on, thankfully I had a couple of teachers. It was in middle school where I just learned that my style of learning. I learned more when I read about things, had conversations, but then wrote about it, put it in my own perspective, gave examples. And I found that I could retain it just by going through that process. If I was just listening to a lecture or even following along with examples, it didn't retain as much as writing it down. And I do the exact same thing where I always talk about this all the time where I, everything I write, I put in one note. And when I publish a blog post, so not every, but almost every blog post, every article I've ever written. I, I take the published link, the URL, I put it in the one note on that page. And then I have an archive folder. And so I archive it to move it out of the way. But one of the best resources when I'm going and researching on a topic. And I'll go in and search within one note, like, what have I written on this topic in the past? And I'll find dozens of examples of whatever the topic is. I've thought about it, I've written about it. The other thing is, let me ask your thoughts too on, like, generally, how long are your blog posts? Word count. I mean, are they, when you're walking through something in detail, obviously it could be, you know, two, three thousand words. But what's your average blog post? Well, it will be in the thousand to two thousand range, actually. Yeah, it's still pretty long. Okay. I'm really trying to get into or trying to write no entry blog post to make sure that everyone was just starting with a certain topic really can take the topic, go through the blog post and really can go from step to step to the next step. That's great. Yeah, that's awesome. I'm really focusing on getting started. Well, again, and I'm trying to, for those that are, you know, they say I'm not really big into writing or trying to figure out, like, because I write long pieces as well, but I'm trying to intentionally write shorter pieces, because, you know, for like SEO purposes, all those kinds of things. Honestly, I don't think much about SEO when I'm writing for my personal site. Like I, I write as long as it takes for that idea to get out at the end, you know, but I tried to encourage as I mentor other people that are right starting to write is take that really long piece, think about what you're trying to do and break it into its logical components. Sometimes a 3000 word article might be better position is four or five blog posts as a series. Yeah, exactly. That's what I've been doing as well. So I, for example, my very first series that I've been writing was about getting started with database projects and Azure DevOps. And I really was breaking it down. Well, first we're going to create the organization in Azure DevOps, then we're going to create our database project, get our first database in. Then I'm already at two or three articles. Then how do we start development? How do I execute development with database projects and Azure DevOps and so on. So yeah, really break it down to more pieces. Yep. And just fit them all together in one blog post series. Well, and this is another thing and I don't know if you thought about this too, but I mean one of the benefits of thinking that way. I mean one, it allows you to have an outline. And then if you get two thirds of the way through and realize, you know, there's another really important thing and you can more easily insert that in.  But the other side of that is that you can look and see where people have the most comments, the more engagement around each of those. You can also at the end of that. So you can do a 10 blog post series. You can always then go and package it up as an ebook, give it away for free, but compile it all into one. Add some additional graphics. If your company supports you in this, maybe get their help for the design of that. And then you have yet another thing where people are really passionate about that topic. Go and find it all in one, in one downloadable asset. I'm a big fan of, and I will always say, never put that behind a paywall, never, never require registrations. Just let people, as a marketer, you get so much more value out of a broader reach than you do the limitations that have. You have fewer people that will read your content if it's behind a paywall or behind a registration wall. Exactly. For the same reason, I'm always focusing on speaking, for example, at user groups. So until now or until November, I won't have done any paid speaking event. Well, I'm not paid, but this year in November, I'm going to pass on it. I'm going to speak there. But that's the very first event where I'm going to speak where people need to pay to get in. Yeah. I've always been looking at data Saturdays, SQL Saturdays, user groups. And I mean, the reality is it's good to have a mix of theirs. It's funny. I don't understand it, but how a lot of organizations or people will look at an event, and if there's no charge of the free community driven event, they automatically devalue that event.  And I mean, the reality is you and I know it's a lot of times we're speaking at events that are paid events. We're doing the same content or similar content at the community events. Exactly. Yeah. And plus, you tend to have a better opportunity for networking at the community events than you do. Not always. There's some events, paid events that do a good job at the community building aspect of that. But, well, so what are your kind of hot topics right now? What are you writing about? What are you passionate about right now? Well, I'm actually in full transition or a wasn't full transition of migrating my current employer from SQL server reporting services to probably a paginated reports. So that's something where I'm currently writing about speaking about. Yeah. That's what I'm currently doing and really focusing on. Yep. Who knows what new projects there will be in a couple of weeks or a couple of months. Well, of course. Well, there's so much that's changing in this space. Like, how is AI impacting your world? That's a great question. For me, personally at work, not too much at this point in time. At work, we, for example, are trying to get some videos online with, in my case, since I'm working for a retailer organization who are selling bathrooms. They are trying to get a product videos online with technical information, which is spoken by AI. And so they're trying out things with AI, but it doesn't really impact my day-to-day job at this point in time. I think of it, I think you're right. And what I've seen, you know, the demos of Microsoft has had some really slick demos around co-pilot and from like a reporting analysis side of things to be able to go in and just ask, you know, like query the co-pilot to figure out, you know, like personal nuanced patterns or summaries of data that otherwise I'd have to go to the reporting team. I'd have to go to IT to request to build a visualization route, to be able to go in to use co-pilot to create. I mean, I am just fascinated by that possibility and getting to that point. So it's, I mean, we're all waiting for stuff to be generally available so that we can start experimenting with. But yeah, I think that's going to fundamentally change the reporting side of things, certainly. So it's, yeah, I know it's, you know, talking with a number of people that are in the data science side of the world where they're, again, they're anxiously awaiting, you know, products to be in a place where they can get in and start experimenting. Because they, they're optimistic about the benefits out of it, but they just don't know. Like, I don't know what questions to ask about what it can and can't do, you know, until we get our hands on the tools. Exactly. Yeah, I'm pretty excited to start to experiment with co-pilot, for example. Yeah, it's going to be a busy end of the year. So I think we're, I think we're, there should be some releases happening this month. I think they were still saying September. I've not heard, but we'll, I guess we'll find out later this month and all of the MVP, the NDA calls kind of where things are. It's another benefit to be in MVPs. We get to, we hear a little bit in advance some of the dates of when things are going to be released and it's great to hear from the other MVPs the types of questions that they're asking as some of them are on some of the private previews around things. But yeah, we're going to start, I think that's what I'm looking for. For end of years, we start to see some real world, some MVP input on their, you know, early adoption of co-pilot and what their actual experiences are versus the Microsoft marketing. It's always going to be interesting. Yeah, absolutely. Julia, really, really, thank you for your time and for meeting you and I'm sure we'll see each other at one of these events coming up as travel is rapidly expanding and travels are increasing. For folks that want to contact you or connect with you, what are the best ways to reach you? Where are you most active in the social channels? Well, on social channels, I'm a bit over everywhere, but the most easy way to reach out is via LinkedIn. That's where I'm really active on a day-to-day basis, checking out other posts, answering some questions that I receive, just connecting with other people as well. Yeah, LinkedIn really is a place where you can, well, ask anything, reach out. Yeah. Well, excellent. And as always, you'll find his contact information in the blog, out on YouTube and out on the podcast when those go live. So thanks a lot for your time and have a great evening. Thanks for everything.


Well, it seems that our mild fall is about to come to an end. The Weather Service has issued statements indicating a significant snowfall event. Our Josh Peterson found out that the area is more than ready. Looking around, it's hard to believe that our unseasonably mild fall is going to come to an abrupt end this Friday. At the Bemidji Public Works Facility, massive piles of salt and sand are ready to be spread on Bemidji's roadways. Well, like I say, we've got the sand, we get ready with the sand and salt, we get all our trucks ready, all the ice control equipment ready, the loader's got to get ready, the blades, or motor-grader's got to get wings, the standards put on. For MnDOT, it's no different. The mild fall has provided plenty of time to make sure everything is ready for the first big snowfall event. We've had a little time to get ready for this, so all of our trucks are well-maintained. We have all the plows hooked up, ready to go, our salt piles are full, sand piles are full, we're well-prepared for this event. When treating the roads, each snowfall can be different and require different types of treatment. In the warmer weather, we'll use salt brine, just the water and salt mixed together, which activates faster. And as long as the temperatures are warmer, it'll actually work quicker than just plain salt. It's been a long time since our last snowfall, meaning many of us will be out of practice for driving in wintery conditions. For MnDOT, it's extremely important to be safe and keep a safe distance from snow plows. The biggest thing we ask is that you give the plow some room.  We'd like you to plan ahead. If you don't need to be on the road on these major events, please plan ahead. With the piles of salt and sand ready and the plows all gassed up, all that's needed now is the snow. In Bemidji, I'm Josh Peterson, Lakeland News. If a snow emergency is called, residents are asked to move their vehicles to the appropriate side of the street and to pay attention to the signs on snow emergency routes. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


Brain with the dura still intact and these ones were shipped with part of their their snouts attached and Part of their eyes still attached So you can see some features from the outside before you do any of the dissection For instance, you can see this tough outer covering. That's the dura or the dura mater This is the pineal gland And if you pull the eyes apart you can see the two optic nerves and they cross at The optic chiasma The first step you're going to do is to take off the dura With careful operation you can get it to come off all in one piece remember There's your pituitary.  It's going to come off And I already cut this so that's why it's coming off so easy and now You see the dura is just this leathery covering And now you see the cerebrum and the cerebellum This opening here between the two is the transverse fissure and Then eventually you're going to cut it down the longitudinal fissure But for now we're going to identify features from the external anatomy of the brain The wrinkles of the brain the raised parts are called the gyrus and The indented parts are the sulcus and often that black stuff there. That's just for more than blood co-acculated on the underside These two are the olfactory nerves And remember where the two optic nerves crossed this is what's left of them at the optic chiasma If you're lucky you'll even end up leaving behind these two little nerves. Those are the oculomotor nerves Down here at the brain stem You have the midbrain The little pooch or the bump there is the pons and then behind it is the medulla and notice it has a different texture Than the spinal cord which is there so midbrain Pons medulla oblongata spinal cord the place where The pituitary was attached right there Is called the pituitary stock Also known as the infundibulum The third phase you're going to Cut to the brain down the longitudinal fissure right there It's pretty easy to cut with a scalpel Just gently go through Keep the brain in the pan so you don't cut yourself And spread it apart and then slowly just work through So the brain falls open now another interesting thing here is when you open the brain up One of the features you're going to see from both the inside and the outside is this little structure here Which is on the inside when you pull The cerebellum down see that part there that kind of looks like a butt That's called the superior Caliculi and the smaller but underneath it is the inferior Caliculi There's the superior And then the infir is underneath it and then even deeper within there Kind of like to say it's in the butt crack is there a little nub, which is your pineal gland So if you look in the butt crack There's the pineal gland you can also see it from the inside There's your superior Caliculi there's your inferior Caliculi and The pineal gland is there you might see it better on this side cut it a little bit off-center, but there it is on the side Superior Caliculi and very Caliculi pineal gland all right other features from the inside corpus callosum and Then the ventricle underneath it is the lateral ventricle Bordering it underneath that is this little structure called the fornix Underneath it is another ventricle called the third ventricle this round shaped object. There is the thalamus and Below it is the hypothalamus, which is where? Your pituitary gland was attached so thalamus hypothalamus. What was left of your pituitary gland? Corpus callosum lateral ventricle for nicks third ventricle Back here is your cerebellum and you can see when you if you cut it nicely You can see the little white matter there, which is known as the arbor vitae and then the fourth ventricle is actually underneath it That covers it


Hey, Psych2Goers, welcome back. You may have heard of ADHD, but what about ADD? And what do you know about ADHD? Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a behavioral syndrome with characteristics of inattention and impulsivity. ADHD is a general label that houses three different types Hyperactive, inattentive, or combined. These separate terms refer to how the symptoms manifest themselves. However, when most people think of ADHD, they only imagine a hyperactive student running around a classroom. But that's only one of the ways in which ADHD may manifest itself. Inattentive ADHD, or ADD, can be associated with the student who stares at the window or unwittingly ignores the work in front of them. It's a term used to describe a neurological condition with symptoms of inattention, distractibility, and poor working memory. To help you learn more about the less talked about hype, here are five signs of inattentive ADHD. Number one, often daydreaming or is easily distracted. Do you get distracted all the time? ADHD is typically associated with hyperactivity, but it would be stigmatizing and incorrect. To assume that people with ADHD do not have moments of inactivity. Instead, inactivity is a predominant characteristic of inattentive ADHD, which at times may get misinterpreted as tranquility. This inattentiveness is not something you can control, but is usually a byproduct of lack of focus. This tendency to daydream or be distracted all the time can be problematic when it comes to doing school work. For example, in a classroom setting, a child with ADHD may have trouble committing to an activity for an extended period of time or with not being attention when spoken to. In adults, this sign can manifest itself in the same way. Number two, is bored quickly. Are you always bored? Boredom itself is not a sign of a neurobehavioral disorder.  However, in the context of ADHD, frequent bouts of boredom can point to difficulty sustaining mental effort. Over-stimulating environments or activities can produce a sense of boredom because the constant barrage of stimuli can cause your brain to feel overwhelmed. Because of this, it shuts down or becomes bored as a response. Number three, does not pay close attention or is careless. Do you struggle to pay close attention to things? Another symptom of inattentive ADHD is the tendency to overlook details and as a result, make careless mistakes. Perhaps you fail to proofread documents or emails before sending them. This can end up affecting your productivity or quality of work and lead others to believe that you're not serious about your tasks. For children, this symptom may affect them the most during exams, since they may accidentally skip entire sections of a quiz. If you struggle a lot with this symptom, you may want to try telling yourself to slow down.  Number four, forgets routine chores.  Oftentimes with inattentive ADHD, your mind can feel like it's running a thousand miles a minute and you end up forgetting certain things along the way. Unfortunately, this forgetfulness may present a struggle in school or work environments, since you may forget to complete or hand in assignments or tasks. This can cause others to label your behavior as laziness, but that's not what it really is. If this is something you struggle with frequently, you may want to reach out to a trusted friend or supervisor to let them know what's really going on. It may also be helpful to speak to a therapist as they may help you create a plan that makes it easier for you to remember chores and tasks. And number five, avoids tasks that require focus. A final sign of inattentive ADHD is the tendency to avoid tasks that require focus. Since many people with ADHD experience difficulty controlling their focus, it should not come as a surprise that many will avoid tasks that require a lot of it. Here it's important to note that we do not want to generalize and say that this applies to everyone with ADHD. Also, even if it does apply to you, your will and desire to do what you want to do, even if it requires a lot of focus, will eventually win out. A way to help with this is to try breaking up large tasks into smaller, more doable ones. To help you go through with the chore, you can try coming up with something that works and suits you. It could be having a friend or family member send you reminder texts to complete tasks. If you need more assistance or guidance, you can also reach out to a therapist for help. Do you have a lot of trouble focusing? Let us know in the comments below. If you find this video helpful, be sure to like, subscribe, and share this video with those who might benefit from it. And don't forget to hit the notification bell icon to get notified whenever Psych2Go posts a new video. The references and studies used in this video are added in the description below. Thanks for watching and we'll see you in the next video.


Thanks for checking out this movie review video. So this is for the 1974 Italian giallo film the perfume of the lady in black And yes, I love my giallo I've been continuing to do these giallo reviews and if you are also into giallo first of all stick with me for this review Although if you haven't seen the film stop because spoilers ahead, but I have an entire playlist on my channel for giallo films Bunch of reviews. I'm in the 30s at this point and I'm gonna continue to go So anyway 1974 is the perfume of the lady in black directed by Francesco Burrilli. This is my first Francesco Burrilli film He also did film such as Hotel Fear and especially on Sunday Written by Burrilli as well as Massimo Diavac Who also wrote scripts for Dark Purpose the labyrinth of sex So sweet so perverse which I have seen and I have a review for on my channel And who saw her die which I'm going to be seeing because I've heard good things and Sacrifice those are just a few that I named now mimsy farmer plays Sylvia in this obviously she's the main character she's I Feel like you barely see anyone else for all that much time because mimsy farmers character of Sylvia is focused on so Much because in so many ways this film is all about her and it's not just all about her I mean I Theorize and I might be wrong so I want to hear other people's theories too That basically every character in the film is actually someone kind of from her past or Someone who is kind of made up to a degree and they're all living inside of her basically I think this whole thing is kind of like I don't know if anyone saw the film Obviously, it's much after this one but the film identity with John Cusack, but that type of ordeal where it's kind of like parts of Her psyche her multiple personalities in essence fighting for control of her But it ends up actually killing her in the end She ends up killing herself because it's this struggle and I think that the whole film is this struggle of her with herself So very interesting now mimsy farmer. I think she did a great job in this first of all Especially like her facial expressions when she acts Outstanding, you know if you watch this film again, and I do think it bears watching more than once I've only watched it once at this point I do plan to watch it again at some point because I think on a second viewing you're gonna see a lot more of these kind of metaphorical things playing out a lot of these parallels of this means this this means this and You're just gonna catch a lot more that that's for sure, but mimsy farmer plays Sylvia I already said that but she's also been in these films Four flies on gray velvet, which I have not seen that's a Argento film autopsy which I've heard good things about the black cat and Body count those are just a few other giallo-esque films Also, she went on to do sculpting apparently. She's very good at sculpting and she's done sculpting for a bunch of Hollywood films such as Tim Burton's Charlie and the chocolate factory Pirates of the Caribbean on Stranger Tides the New Earl Wrath of the Titans film that they did the live-action Beauty and the Beast and Guardians of the Galaxy so she did sculpting for all of those very very cool in my opinion now apparently Barilli has spoke to many Psychologists when he was doing research for the premise of this film and he also had said that this film was very heavily Inspired by Rosemary's baby now if you know that you can definitely see that in how the film is made in the feel of it and the material but also I think that Mimsy Farmer looks a bit like oh, why am I blanking on her name?  Oh my gosh Mia Farrow. Yes, she looks a lot like Mia Farrow. So just saying The opening music for the film sounds very old-school Italian and it's odd with the photograph Looking still of the family. I think it's interesting because it's kind of like It looks like you're physically there with the background But it's like the cutout picture that's like pasted on top of it So it's this weird kind of look and the music that's playing with it Isn't the typical giallo type music you're used to which is like more upbeat and funky and New-agey for the time in the 70s, but it's more of like a classic Italian type sound which I mean it sounds beautiful I think they did a good job with the score for it. So I'm not complaining. I just Do enjoy the more funky fun Soundtrack of certain giallo films just saying The first camera movement from the fountain to the balcony is really awesome I love that it's showing the kid with the little boat in the fountain in the fountain and then kind of like Panning up and then actually like moving up to the balcony of the apartment and then kind of over to other people there So I thought they just looked beautiful in general There's a lot of really cool camera movement in this film and it moves a decent amount of the time And it's not just like you know moving with characters But kind of like you know doing some pivoting around characters Even when they're not you know moving forward and it just looks good looks good So directing really good cinematography really good the acting is really good Well mainly mimsy farmer because she's the main one who matters in this film obviously but They quickly hit Sylvia's home work and past to Really really really quick they kind of established those things like what's going on in her life You know this is where she lives and this is how she relaxes This is where she works and this is what she does for job And then this is what's kind of bothering her from her past now obviously what's bothering her from her past is this her mother's suicide and I think that that really ties into the title of the film the perfume of the woman in black being How a perfume can kind of remind people of someone I think it's that aspect of it Like you walk into a room and you smell perfume and there's no one there And if you've smelled that perfume before it reminds you of that person So I think it's that thing where Sylvia is constantly reminded of Her mother reminded of the suicide of her mother So all these places that she goes to there are things that kind of jog her memory like that vase being one of the big things that kind of Jogs that memory of when she saw her mother having sex with that guy or being raped. I don't I don't know what was really going on there I think it was consensual. I'm not sure because he then rapes Sylvia later, but just saying so Yeah, so I think it's that kind of aspect of like the memory of someone based off that smell of the perfume But I also think it's from in the sense of Also being tied into the trauma that she experienced from her mother's suicide and not being able to get Around that or over that Because it's like a lingering perfume that when she goes to certain places She smells that perfume and the trauma comes back to her in that way. So that's my kind of take on it The greenhouse with the foundations and the bar is amazing in this that place where she they're first talking about black Magic and voodoo and stuff like that, which by the way I think you should really notice how in Grosst and this is goes back to that facial acting situation with mimsy farmer again How engrossed Sylvia is in the story of black magic and voodoo and all those things They're being talked about when they're in this kind of like cool greenhouse bar area Which I just want to be there. It looks so cool But I think that that moment is supposed to be kind of one of the catalysts For all of her kind of hallucinations that end up going on throughout the film. That's supposed to be the start of it Do do do Roberto his room having all the taxidermied Birds and mounted insects is supposed to give an idea of someone close to a killing ability I think this kind of rolls in with the whole feel of giallo where you got to have these red herrings and have people think Oh, no, who's the killer? Although you don't actually end up with any bodies for quite some time You do get the sense that maybe they were going to try and go down the road of figuring out who had killed her mother Maybe it wasn't suicide, but then you find out that you know in the end It's her Sylvia that's killer, but I would argue like I said earlier that She's not actually killing anyone that she's just killing parts of herself It's multiple personalities and this whole film actually takes place basically within Sylvia and it's all the characters kind of fighting for control of her and I would reference back to the part where the young Sylvia the little girl she keeps seeing which is a young version of her Keeps making certain comments about like it's just Sylvia Sylvia's the good one like making those types of statements that points heavily to the multiple personality situation also There are a bunch of scenes where they use mirrors and mirrors that use multiple reflections Probably the strongest one well the one when they go see the psychic, but the strongest one I think is when Sylvia sitting down and she actually has gotten to the point where she's putting the black dress with the white poke Pokedots on and it's three mirrors and there are three reflections of her I think that was intentional for that reason to kind of show be a metaphor for the multiple personalities that are going on in her Body and it's at that point by the way that I need to mention since I just brought it up That she has basically turned into her mother She basically basically is being inhabited by a character who is her mother at that point Once she puts that black dress on with the white spots because that's how her mother is is remembered and her mother is the lady in black So it's found that interesting and I think that also is supposed to foreshadow The fact that she will also commit suicide because that was the fate that her mother had and that was how you identify Hers with that dress It kind of looks like Robert doesn't know how to have sex This was kind of a funny moment the sex scene with Sylvia and Roberto He was like it looked like he didn't know how to have sex it reminded me of the sex scene with Tommy Wiseau in the movie The Room if you know that film if you don't watch it. It's terrible, but like fun terrible He was like moving his his hips from side to side for the most part and not like thrusting I mean it was just awkward like that's some of the worst.  It really is Andy is real creepy The guy who initially starts talking about the black magic the guy that they go and play tennis with and then when she gets Pricked in the hand with that nail that was in the handle of the tennis racket He like takes her hand and it's like sucking on it. It's so weird I took that as being like a temptation moment, but at the time that it was happening I was kind of thinking oh, you know, maybe he's trying to get close to her because they're trying to drug her and make Her have these hallucinations like I thought this was gonna tie into like a bigger plot about killing her or Something like that. I don't know but in the end I don't think that's what it is They beat you over the head with the idea that Sylvia stuck in her own head a lot of the time because there are so Many of those hallucinations. There's so many of those kind of like flashback memories that come to life for her They do it a lot and I think for that reason it kind of bogs down the pacing of the film You don't need as much as you get but that said if you rewatch it Maybe it plays better because you really know what's going on at that point So you can kind of see a little bit more in it. I'll have to go back and really suss that one out How about those scenes of Sylvia remembering the guy boning her mom I already kind of talked about that scene But uh super creepy the way he just keeps looking up at her that reminds that makes you Aware of the fact that it's not just her memory. It's her kind of reliving the memory but also Having some kind of involvement In it in that moment that she's remembering it because the character has basically come to life And you see that later on When it's that same guy who's working at the taxidermy place Who then goes and rapes her when she's in that dilapidated house Which the dilapidated house looked really cool um, so yeah Uh And the guy who ended up watching Sylvia at the framers at ends up showing up as a custodian at the zoo I thought that was going to turn into something bigger, but I think that was kind of another one of those Uh, just red herring type things although it is possible that he's the one who ended up picking up her framed picture Because if you remember she ends up going back for it and it's just not there The user's like, oh, I didn't have it which You know terrible shopkeeper, honestly Because of all the things Sylvia is seeing it definitely makes her slowly unravel and you end up feeling that now I think you you end up feeling it because of how the script is done in the directing In the music, but you end up feeling it mostly I think because of mimsy farmers performance I think she did such a good job and by the way, don't you think that millie bobby brown kind of looks a bit like mimsy farmer At least mimsy farmer in this film Cool shot of the psychic's face and Sylvia's in the mirror behind her once again going back to that whole mirror of the multiple personality situation That was just a cool scene in general The part where Sylvia tells the little girl to go away shows she believes she's losing it because the girl is her It is definitely her so At first she's kind of reluctant to Uh go with these hallucinations, but as the film goes on she just starts to kind of go with it and accept the premise and I feel like that ends up being The part where she's Opening herself up to these multiple personalities opening herself up to being taken over basically her personality embodied by Another one of these personalities that are basically inside of her And I think that they're all driven by kind of traumatic things within her life Which could also be seen as not just being like personality related But just the role that trauma plays in a person's existence going forward after that traumatic moment and how it can Play such a role in ruining your life or shaping your life so Nice reveal when rosetti feeds the bloody meat with a finger in it to his cats I don't really know in the end what that was all about. I think it was supposed to insinuate that the friend Francesca Had been killed by rosetti, but based on what I'm saying. I think rosetti was actually um silvia, so Yeah, and then silvia kills rosetti who I think was just in her brain if you can follow this Just saying am I making sense? Oh another thing to say about the character of rosetti Notice that he had like a crazy amount of hippos In his place and I don't understand the whole hippo thing. It's kind of weird just saying The shot over rosetti dead when he eventually gets gets killed by silvia Love the way that shot looks it's the shot where like it's it's from the other side of his desk Where he's working on that big like pre painting that big hippo piece And his head's like down and like the way it's shot like you can see his head Underneath like the the chin of the hippo and then to the side is silvia And just the way that shot is framed and pulled off looks really cool. I hope you agree with me on that one.  Oh, I already talked about the mirrors The discordant music that they end up using in this when things are going badly or becoming, you know crazy Pretty disturbing music I thought I thought it was very impactful for that reason and it's supposed to give you that feeling Of just kind of like feeling off feeling a little bit on edge Disturbing it worked. It worked great And what a crazy ending It's it's a hugely crazy ending that i'm sure a lot of people don't see it's don't end up seeing coming It's kind of one of those left fieldish things. It reminds me a bit of the same type of ending of Short night of glass dolls another giallo film if you haven't seen it You should definitely see it and I have a review on my film on my film on my channel for it Um, yeah, so silvia's personality was fractured because of the trauma of her mother's suicide And then that led to her Own suicide which you could tell she was headed to when she put the black black dress on with the white dots That was kind of the the thing. I got it initially after the very very end In the end all the people who were parts of her That ate away at her over time That's what I think was kind of that very end scene where she's underground and everyone's coming together around her in a group And they're tearing her tearing out her innards and eating them. I think that's supposed to be two things I think it's supposed to be the showing of All of the multiple personalities tearing her apart and ultimately doing her in but I think it's also supposed to show The issues the memories the traumas throughout her life All converging on her as a person and literally tearing her apart tearing her in insides out Until she can't live anymore. So I think it's a lot about the dealing with trauma And how it can destroy you and end your life basically because it does in this This is a typical unreliable narrator situation in this film What's real and what's in silvia's head seems to be the constant question here And I love those types of films because it really keeps you guessing and for the longest time I didn't know how I felt about this film while I was watching it because you're not a hundred percent sure what's really happening So I really had to wait until everything played out at the end and I took I don't know like 10 15 minutes to really just sit down and just think through everything I love those types of films like they just make you keep thinking and I was thinking about it the next day too. So I I like it. I like it quite a bit Like with a lot of giallo films architecture is used to make scenes look even better I mean, that's just a thing from the 70s Giallo films architecture looks amazing if you're going to see buildings inside or out With these types of films it's going to look cool and it does And yeah, that's basically all I had to say about it But I would be very interested to hear what everyone else's theories on the meaning behind this film are or what The events actually were because you know, that's just my theory when I'm putting out there It's my take on what I saw and like I said, I saw it once. So let's talk about it. Go ahead in the comments Your theories. Let's talk Um, so out of five stars with half stars in play I'm going to give it a pretty solid three and a half star rating I kind of wanted to go up to four, but the problem is it's not paced very well It does seem to really drag But I like the overall story of it. I think it's pretty ambitious and interesting And there are a lot of good things about it. So three and a half stars Thought about four, but no going three and a half But Thanks everyone for checking this out. Like I said, put some comments down there Do me a quick favor hit that subscribe button because that is your best way to repay me If you like this video or any video I've ever done simply pay me back with that subscription I appreciate that Also hit the notification bell button because that way you'll know when I'm putting up More review videos like this or any unboxings or haul videos or opinion pieces or whatever But regardless, like I said, I appreciate you taking your time to check this out And until next time keep it brutal. Oh, did I show? I don't think I even showed this. I just got so wrapped up But uh, this is the film I watch it from it's from raro video. It's their, um, blu-ray Version of the film. It's cool. I dig it. But anyway Now i'm gonna end this. Thanks for checking it out until next time. Keep it brutal


Sweet, sweet velvet. Hey guys, Thundee here. And we are taking a look at LG's brand new velvet. And as you saw, we got a special package from LG. So we're thinking of sending it over. We were number eight out of 15. So this is a complimentary package to showcase us everything about what this device is all about. And as you guys know, you guys come here for gaming on smartphones. So we're gonna take a look at gaming on the LG velvet to see how well it definitely performs. Now, the velvet is unique because it brings some new styling of LG. Just the water drop design and look is so much refreshing. I do like it. You've got a 6.1-inch Peel-Aid display. Resolution is 10-E, but it is a solid-looking display all together. And this device comes with a headphone jack as well as a USB Type-C port in that nice thin profile. What makes it unique, of course, is the camera lay and how the cameras have this teardrop look to them from the main sensor, the ultra-wide, of course, the zoom and then, of course, the flash altogether. It's a nice aesthetic look. I like the fact that LG went with it. And I am digging that whole design architecture. But what's interesting for us is what's underneath the hood. It's powered by a Snapdragon 765 processor. This is a 5G processor, but also the next tier down from the 865. That should still pack a lot of punch for our gaming needs. And as you know, that's what we do quite well. Now, in terms of memory and storage, we've got six or two 8 gigs of RAM and then, of course, 128 gigabytes of storage, expanded by microSD up to two terabytes, something LG has done for quite a while. Now, gaming, how does it perform with gaming? It's got stereo speakers built into that. We've got this LG 3D audio sound to it. So you hear how the speakers sound, using temperatures, which I got some Call of Duty, PUBG, and of course, floodlight. So let's jump in. Gaming performance in this is good. Now, the one thing I've realized is that a lot of the games are not optimized for the processor. This is something that happens a lot with Android with new processors to come to bear. So as you saw with something like PUBG, we couldn't do Ultra or HDR because those elements have not been updated yet. And again, this device literally was just announced. And also, we saw that at Fortnite, you couldn't max out the 3D graphics yet. So again, that's just to put things into account, but still was able to game well, not temperatures-wise. We're getting about 98 to 99 degrees in max temperatures, but I like the heat distribution. It didn't feel like it was burning. It felt actually really just warm, which is nice. So I didn't realize that it was 99 degrees until I actually measured it, which actually put things into perspective for me. In terms of speakers, well, take a listen. They allow their Clarene to be actually much better than what the V60 actually brought to get it brought forward. And you got in decibel readings, of course, of our tests quickly there, 102 decibels. It's nice, it's solid, but the other things to, of course, the LG Velvet. LG's continue its line, of course, having different accessories, including some really nice close specialty cases. They are more lifestyle, but I like the look and fits the idea of what the Velvet is. But also, you do have the ability to get, of course, a dual-screen case, which LG has been pushing me in the devices for the last year or so. And this case actually feels a little bit more streamlined to me. It feels a little bit better in terms of fit and size, a little bit thinner, slimmer, compact, and weight balance between both screens feels a bit much better with this case. Now, it's all white. You've got a smaller screen on the very top to give you notifications, which I actually do like. And it gives you the ability, of course, to game at the same time. Yes, you can play both Fortnite and PUBG at the same night or Fortnite and Call of Duty. It doesn't matter. Technically, you can have somebody else gaming on the other side with you, which is actually pretty cool, although, of course, audio cues would be completely outside. To see, you better just turn off the sound. Now, with the case, you have, of course, the ability to game using that case and having a second display. And my issue still stands that, of course, we don't have triggers. And that's something I would love to see with these cases or at least remap some of the buttons on the case itself to do some of that trigger functionality. That being said, though, you still can map out the buttons on screen anywhere you want. You can play with Quadra grip, which is a bit hard for me. I just can't do that well. But it gives you options to game and play. And that is something that most people would like to definitely see. Now, I think overall, this is a solid device and I like what LG is doing. And I think the 765 processor does a very good job for your gaming needs. Now, before I actually round up this video, I just want to talk about another device, which I'm actually using to record this. And this is the Sony ZV1 or ZV1, the Sony's new compact camera. And I absolutely love this bad boy. Sometimes you can either get it with the vlogger stand, which connects via Bluetooth. It's easy to walk around and carry so you can actually pick it up like this. As I am doing so, drop it down. It's got controls on there. But the camera is pretty good. It's got a 20.1 megapixel C-mo sensor because of the 4K30 in the HLG and of course, S-Log. Kyle's Ice lens are 24 to 70 millimeters. The great thing is also got that flip out rotating. Of course, if you find that, which is great. Something that Sony has not done in a while. And I'm also recording the audio directly off the device. So you're hearing this from the camera here, giving you an idea of what the audio would actually sound. Now, this thing is pretty cool too. It's got, of course, a dedicated record button, a shutter button. You've got your quick modes. It's actually easier to use than most Sony cameras. Although the bummer is it still uses micro USB for charging. I don't know why in this day and age USB type C. But if you're looking for a camera, I just had to throw this in there because I use it for this whole video. And I absolutely love it. Go check out the Sony ZV-1 or ZV-1. And that's something to definitely take a look at. Anyway, guys, thank you very much for watching this video. Hopefully you got a good idea of what the LG Velvet actually does as a gaming device, the kind of performance, the audio, all those things all together. And this will probably give you a good idea of what to actually expect if you're looking to purchase the Velvet. All right, guys, thank you very much. Don't forget to like, share, subscribe, and always enjoy your video.


The 12-slide city of EU, it's got some Debian in it. Go back, please. We've got the Oktoberfest, of course, which we will enjoy in short. Steve, see you there. Yeah, go on. Some things which I will tell you about. First thing is how the whole project developed over time, why the decision for Linux has been made, some small facts about the budget and what the status quo is. The history of the project is mostly, we've got a very, very, very complicated infrastructure in Munich. It has really everything in it from on the client and server side, you can imagine, but mostly Windows NT4 on the clients, some Windows 2000, but that's very less. And that's the main problem we had when there are applications. We didn't know what we had to do with those applications which aren't supported by Microsoft anymore or the actual companies who developed them. We've got 14,000 workstations and 21 organizations called departments. So they got their own IT, we're the main IT provider. Yeah, and as I said, many, many different products and support concepts, no consistent thing on that part. Yeah, that's a very, very long history. I'm very often asked, yeah, when are you done with the project but actually the decision like you can read there is, yeah, has been made in 2004. It's both the beginning of 2004, 2001. We just did a study. I think it was made by AnuVention. We did conception in 2003, 2004. I joined in the beginning, January of 2005. That time I've been a developer and since 2007 our first version of the client based on DB and Sarge and Edge has been released. Yeah, some facts about the aim of the old project. I'll skip it pretty fast. More independence, yeah. What else? It's a most important argument we're after. More equality of opportunities, more competition. You can just give orders to anyone you like, anybody who has access to the source code and is able to do some programming can help us. So it's a definite advantage for us. Controlling of course, complete open source code. It's very important for us because we're maintaining some parts for ourselves, security and of course we want to avoid proprietary software to protect our personal data. Decision has been made not only for the Linux client but also for the Office Suite which we have chosen OpenOffice for. That's a short overview of the cost over the budget. That's pretty decent budget. Very important fact about the whole migration is of course the user training. We don't leave the user alone. We did a detailed requirement analysis and training concept. Everybody can have the training on the job with an e-learning system or advantage courses from the admin to the normal user. There's been some scientific evaluation by the Munich LMU and the e-learning solution. It's called the LIMUX Lernwelt e-learning world if you want so. In English is approved and awarded with the Aurelia Award in 2007. The numbers up to date are 14,000 workstations. Are using free software and some kind. We have some standards. It's Firefox of course. It's Thunderbird with iStove. We've got 8,500 employees already trained to use free software in training courses and we are e-learning. 8,000 workstations are using OpenOffice.org. ODF is going to be the standard interchange format in 2009 so we can switch off the support for, but we won't, we will have ODF definitely preferred. I don't know if when we can actually switch off the support for Microsoft documents or whatever they pull out next. We have 1,000. I think the number is actually higher because the slides are referring to the first year of the migration. Now we're already in the second year and of course at the moment we are preparing the 2.0 release for our client and yeah, it's summer break so when the IT departments come back from the summer break, we'll roll out some pretty great departments so that number will definitely increase very fast. Some short facts about the OpenOffice migration. 16,000 objects to be graded. It's macros, templates, formulas. Yeah, we have many redundancies for the same problems. It's those custom macros you just meet everywhere and of course, yeah, the problems with file exchange between Microsoft Office and OpenOffice is a very great problem. First, very, very, very great thing. I'm proud of personally is our Walmux which we developed internally. It's a letterhead system. It's a form system. It's a text module system which supports some workflows you have in, I could say governmental environment so it's not perfectly suited for the home user but definitely usable because, for example, the serial letter function is more advanced than the OpenOffice one is. The thing I'm proud of is that since I think it's two months, the Walmux is free software. We finally have found one license we can rely on. It's called the UPL, the European Union Public License. It's GPL version two compatible and that's also the license we will release parts of the source code of the modifications and patches we developed while we took Debian and fitted it for our needs. So actually this is our better test if you want so to get a license and to publish things in cooperation with Oso that's a platform, we released the Walmux. Skip that part, it's just about ODF. Skip the part two. Yeah, that's some facts about the client also. We had different file servers for user and system management. It's, yeah, it's been in parts in the LOP system. It has been Samba servers for file servers, had been NetApp filers, everything you can imagine. Different solutions for software distribution by feed or by software. There's been everything you can imagine also. We have lots of business applications. I think those 300 are not accurate. There must be many, many more. At least it feels so. And yeah, different operating support processes. That's one thing we built our actual development process after ITAL and the support process. So yeah, that's another thing that's pretty good too. That's just a short overview of how we manage our clients. On one side is the GOSA2 system and config management that the web-based management tool from Gonykos. It's a German company. We've put pretty much money and time into that project. It's already contained in the Debian repositories, but in an older version. I think if that changes, it's a very reliable and interesting solution to manage and deploy software and client machines in cooperative environments. So yeah, it's just an overview. If you want some details, just get back to me after the talk or tomorrow or it's Sunday, so we can talk about it or write an email. Yeah, another big factor, important factor is of course the usability of our client. We've put pretty much effort into it. And finally, TIFF IT certified our client for usability so that users can actually work with it and work with it better than the previous client, which was just inconsistent, different, and was very application-centric. For example, in the Linux client, you won't find open office writer in the menu. You actually find it, but the first thing you find is text writing application. So the users get focused on what they do with the application and yeah, we don't hide the application name, but that's not in the focus. Third big part of the project besides office and the client is of course those applications which are in some way application-specific developed for Microsoft Windows or Certified or whatever. So we got several migration solutions, how we deal with that. It's from web-based to Java-based solutions like the Walmart's to virtualization, VMware, Wine or Terminal Server or yeah, just let that the MPC on Windows and concentrate on much more, let's say yeah, on the 80% we want to reach and not focus on those little them solutions which will die anyways, let's say that. Lessons learned while we have been working on the project, standards are very, very important, especially open standards because you have to rely on it to develop and do your solutions in the process and in the software development process. Yeah, take input from user seriously, that's definitely a big part too and create small units like 50 PCs, we started with yeah, we'll do a couple of hundred but the problems in the beginning or the fear of problems in the beginning is simply too great, yeah, you just take one little department with like 50 uncomplicated clients and migrate that one and the people will see it's actually no problem, the people mostly like Linux client, they see no difference and how they work, they have their browser, they already know, we have Firefox and Thunderbird already deployed on Windows so there's no problem also and of course to keep communication up and involve the people, get people from the departments to work with you, meet regularly and always have one or two years open for the input. Yeah, the complexity was higher, that's no surprise I think, that's what sometimes happens in IT projects. Organizational solutions, yeah, okay, you need a second view, a revision of what is possible, we are not alone, that's one thing I really enjoyed while experiencing we're not alone, we have many other fighters beside us who are working in the open source community, you of course did a very big part of this fight for us when you developed Debian and we are very thankful for that. So if you have some questions in general, please get back directly to me, check those websites, check the developer blog, planetlimax.org, it's unofficial, it's what we do in our private time, it's mostly the developers and yeah, they will find the real news not on the official site of course. So I think that's it for the facts, how much time do we have left? Ah, okay, we're pretty good in time. So I think we can start with the both. Are you all okay with the copy session? I've prepared some ideas how we could work together in the future to get yeah, some joint effort going on. So if you want to, can you read it? Okay, okay, I just read it from up to down. Some ideas we had to get some more input from us to Debian and of course the other way around. So one thing is of course from our perspective let's become DDs or at least maintainers. That's one thing that's already in progress. I just applied two weeks ago and also Robert did. So that's one thing I think that's definitely a good idea to get some more input to Debian and back. Distribute our zero letter solution, the Walmart's with Debian, if you want so. I think we can do it. If you say, yeah, we have already so much work to do, I could maintain it, we're already working on it. So, Andres? I have a question.  Yeah, you Debian. Yeah, but who is you? Well, the point is if you as a maintainer or as a maintainer in the maintainer queue think it is useful in Debian, don't ask.  And so you are also Debian and so you are, this is magical you, okay? Thank you, yes, absolutely, you're right. I should actually have written, if you don't want us to do so raise your hand because we're already in progress. So yeah, the next point is maintain Goza within Debian actively. The state at the moment is, I wouldn't say in an ancient version, but it's a stable version which speaks for Debian but it's not a version we would use at the city of Munich and we have put very much effort and money into the next version which is at the moment and still in better but will be released very soon. So I could do that part too. Of course with another maintainer who helps me because I have to get used to things and generally spoken more communication and interaction. An idea was probably to put our block feeds to planet Debian just to get more interaction from there. I don't know who is in charge for that. Please get in touch with me. I think it's, could be. You don't touch anybody. Yeah. Every week and every week. Yeah, okay. That's great. Good to know. So, yeah, I think I just said it. Okay, I'll write about it later after this talk. Yeah, be less derivative and more CDD like. Question is how we've been talking about it on Tuesday I think of on the drivers round table Andreas gave us some pretty good input I think and also there's been some thinking how to do it. We have some custom things we have to look about but I think it can be done and in the long term we have to do it to not become another Ubuntu or something like that. And yeah, from the technical point of view we just open our repository with the custom patches and yeah, let you decide if you want to use it or what to do it. If it could be for use for anybody out there in the world the UPL actually makes this now possible for us. We had definitely a problem before the UPL was published because we didn't know at the governmental institution how to deal with production of software because we're not allowed to do publishing or there was no experience in how governmental institutions publishing software because it's not very common. And yeah, the final idea I had was do BSPs on a regular basis. We have plenty of room in Munich so you're very welcome. And if the next release approaches I think for Lenny it's hopefully too late. Yeah, just get back to me or the email address and we'll have another BSP. So that's for my ideas if you have any other ideas just edit or could you say explain in more detail how you currently differ from Senator Debian or from your sources. So how much of your current client is customized and how much is just the standard stuff? It's a pretty small subset actually. We've got some patches which we filed bugs for also in the LibNSS libraries, some bugs which we discovered while working with our big LAP directory. So we have all users in the LAP directory. We've also all computers in the LAP directory. We have also our printers in the directory. So we've just had some issues with groups, group memberships and we have, yeah actually we have a new kernel just because we need to support new hardware in some way and at the moment we have new open office version. I think it's two for one with the Sun JDK but I hope we can give that part since Open JDK is published. So it's getting smaller and smaller and I want it to be as small as it can be. So currently your biggest changes are additions. Do you install additional software from? Addition patches. So we're just using let's say a little bit more flexibility than if you really add some software to Debian. I have some further question. I felt that several countries like I know from Brazil, from Venezuela and also Bhutan are also trying to do some government-driven efforts to build the distribution and I think most of them are deviant. Could you imagine that there is some cooperation to make things more fluently and so? Yeah, definitely. We're open for every collaboration for everybody who wants to benefit from our experiences. So we get visits regularly from all over the world. It's just amazing. You sit in the office in Munich and there's some delegation coming from Africa, from Japan, from the Netherlands, from Belgium. That's just, it's crazy but it's usual in Munich in the office where we sit. So I would prefer that really to get more people involved. Speaking of that, is there actually some collaboration between you and the people from the Extremadura region? Or... We've, as far as I know, we've met with them one time. Not me, but we did some exchange and Florian Schiesl, that's one of two project leaders. And he, yeah, it's been a year ago, I think, but he talked to them but we have no actual collaboration. I'd really appreciate it. We have some collaboration with Germany's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. So you probably were just read about it and yeah, that's the only actual collaboration we do at the moment. Another question, if it comes to Extremadura, could you imagine that Munich could sponsor some different developer meetings like Extremadura is doing? So just providing some place to sleep, something to eat and then work? Sure, absolutely. Why not? Yeah, no, actually, that's what we did the first time with the box-pushing party and that's what I would definitely do in the future. So just that the people come to one place and sponsor some pizza and yeah, do some hacking. In the back. You just mentioned very big migrations of Microsoft documents to open office. Are these tools, or which tools did you use for these conversions and are these publicly available or available in Debian? Actually, we did not use any tools to migrate those. It's mostly templates, macros and formulas but we're re-implementing them with the Walmox, which just does it pretty well. It kills about 20% of all those documents you talked about and of course we did just count those documents and look which one are just doubles or whatever else and this, yeah, it's just decreasing but we have no tool which is just taking all templates in or macros and throws them out in open office format. That's simply not working. The second question, you mentioned that you have your own version of open office relying on the Sun Java version. So I did see you have many resources, many development resources available. Why not help Debian with getting the free software stack around open office including OpenJDK better integrated into Debian? So behave much more like Ubuntu. It depends what you say when you say many development resources. We've got two office developers which are working on the Walmox and we've got two developers working on the Linux client. So we'll actually, we'll get eight new developers but we don't have them at the moment. So that's mostly the problem. We don't have the resources. Of course, if there's some strategic things we could profit off to just get it running with OpenJDK and give the part of building open office ourselves and packaging it. So we would do that, of course. Yeah, you asked about our comments and our questions and so it would be interesting. Do you have any comments? I mean, are there things that would make your life easier if they were solved differently in Debian or stuff like that? So do you have any comments you want to share with us? Yeah, sure, but it's mostly no technical issues. So I myself, I'm a technician. I can work with Debian, I can package. It's mostly no problem but the hardest thing is I think to get involved in the community, to get into the community. That's a pretty hard barrier. I think we have a cool team in Munich with some cool people. So this will be no problem, but I think other corporations or other governmental institutions will have them, I would call it mental barrier to get in touch if they have problem. They will just, yeah, okay. The technicians looks if Debian work for them and if it doesn't work, the boss says, no, we won't do it because you don't get our support and yeah, that's mostly a problem to get into Debian. So no further input at this moment. Steve. I'm aware that there's a team in Germany looking to host Debconf at some time in the future. Can we, are you allowed to be involved? Yeah, sure. Cool. Definitely. Yeah, you can all sleep at home. Where I live. I think what time is it? How important are the release dates of Debian for your client? At the moment, it's not really important because yeah, at this point in time, we're using somewhat in between Edge and Lenny. That's, yeah, it's a Lenny kernel with some patches and I think it's even the Lenny open office, I don't know, the version could match. So I think we will switch to time-based releases as Debian does or is doing. At the moment, we didn't do that. We just said, okay, what do you need for the next release? We have that much resources, it just didn't work out. So it will become more important. Regarding the business application you're using, can you just, there's a little bit more, what kind of problem you had? How many you could actually run in wine or some just, wow. Yeah, we got like those definitely unusual applications like the de-versions of archives with justice tags or yeah, every application you can imagine. Networker clients to do backups and yeah, what's those administrative application called that's not working pretty good in wine? You know it? Know what I'm talking about? Yeah, Net Support Manager, that's a pretty common application and of course those SAP Java clients which and yeah, not working that good under Linux or the web clients are much better and they're only working with the IE in of course and only certified for IE. We even did package one version of Mozilla browser 1.75 if I remember right because that was the last version of Mozilla certified for use with this web application. So it gets pretty weird at this point. Yeah, it's so much it's overwhelming. Ask me, just name it me, we will have it for sure. So any other questions? Yeah, I'm looking for the foreign, German foreign office and what I'm wondering is how we can defend against the big enemy. That's, I think this is the biggest problem we have because Microsoft just tried directly talk to our minister fortunately without success and now the minister is exchanging letters with the mayor from Munich which I'm much more happy about. And I have seen it in the office open XML debate where I have been very deeply involved. The open source and the open standards community started very late to defend the open standards and even then Microsoft left the war and they didn't defend their own open document format anymore because Microsoft just was so overwhelming. So I don't have a solution but I think that's quite the biggest problem we have when we want to migrate large parts of the world to open source. So it's not a technical problem, it's a problem of defending against a company that loses market and yeah. Yeah, I definitely have to say that most of the Linux project is a political part. So as I said, it's a small subset of changes we had to do to Debian in some way or another way to get it working for us but in general it just worked out and the great thing about the project in Munich is that I have some feeling that we can get them movement in here. So just work together with you guys and build another front, not against Microsoft but against proprietary standards and yeah, what keeps us from working efficiently. In our daily jobs. Any other questions? Steve? So what are the challenges you see coming up in the next few years? For us or for Debian in general? Well, for you first. Hello? Yeah, for you first. Keep our politicians satisfied, keep our IT satisfied and get our customers happier than they ever were. I think that's the easiest part because at the moment they just don't know. Do you make fun of me behind my back? Yeah. Okay, and how's about on the wider arena? What, did you ask me something? Yeah, yeah. And how about challenges for the wider community? I think what Mark Shuddle was said on Tuesday, one thing that encouraged me in some way was that when he said that we have to be aware of people in the outer world, outside of Debian have other objectives in using and developing Debian than the core Debian does. So not just do those nifty hacks we all love and like and where you can just spend nights on it, just to get it running somehow. The other side is some people need Debian for their daily jobs. It's not just us. It's hosts us all around the world. It's universities, whatever you want. So I think that's one important point and that's also one point I wanted to address when I said to get into Debian, to get Debian to acknowledge that there's really, yeah, I won't say a profession out there which has other needs, but raise the awareness. Cool. So how many of your team are currently actually in the new maintainer process or working towards it at the moment? It's two of them. Yeah, we actually have got four developers at the site on Tuesday. One is just, yeah, doing ticket work, prioritizing and that stuff. And Robert and me, we are currently two weeks ago, we applied and then new maintainer queue. Cool, good luck. Thank you. It's working, yeah. I told you in private, but I think we can also open that it's probably a good idea to hire Debian developer explicitly to some announcement on Debian lists and so it's probably a good idea. And perhaps also for other government-driven stuff then we get some work and you get some experts. Yeah, we'll do that, definitely, in the near future. You mostly told about, if I get it right, about the workstations, is there, I think there were a couple of things left. First, you still have a lot of applications that were not ported, that they are still running on wine or something. Yeah, or Windows PCs, whatever, yeah. Uh-huh, yeah. And the second one is, what about the server part? Do you still using NT or? Luckily, we never had any Windows server so we just could skip that part. It's okay, it's local government but it's not that pervert. We have many servers, we have AIX servers, we have BS2000 mainframes and yeah, but no Windows on the server side, luckily. Yeah, so if there are no other questions. Ah, can I give Kuna the microphone, please? I hope operating the camera doesn't exclude me from the audience. No, definitely not. I just didn't see you. No, I know, I know. No, well, you mentioned that this job is mainly a great part, a political one, so a couple of questions come to my mind on this. First, how dependent are you from the government continuing to be the same party or something like that? Second, how much can you influence? For example, well, in Europe there have been many very important developments regarding politics, the patents or the standardization of OOXML and whatnot, so how much can the experience in Linux be used as a political pressure? For the first question, not changing the party at the moment would definitely help, of course. We all know that if politicians change their minds and they do it frequently, but not in our case, luckily. So the project works pretty well. The IT works pretty well. The actual development at the moment works pretty well, so I don't see a point in changing anything. We were just approved eight more developers, so it's more or less for me a commitment to say we're doing it and we're doing it more than ever. And yeah, the question of experience, we're exchanging frequently and we'll do it further, of course. I hope and I think definitely that other communities, if it's countries, cities or whatever, can, of course, learn much from our experience. We had some pain to learn in our way. Any other questions? Guna, if not, I want to thank you all for attending. Okay, one last question. Do you think it would be possible to get the original written investment sheets and all the things that were used to convince the decision maker to actually switch to Linux to make them available online or some of the information available online so it can be used by all the... Actually the initial study and of course all of our slides are online. If you're with it, the urlmunic.com slash limux, you will find the study from Univention which led to the decision. And if you want some special information or details which you don't find online, just get in touch with us. You're very welcome. So I just say thank you very much. It's been a joy to come to Argentina after surviving the jet lag, of course.  And I would be glad to attend next step come with some more news and some more involvement from Munich in Debian. Thank you.