I'm basically going to talk about geospatial intrusion detection and also how to beat it. I absolutely loathe public speaking, so bear with me.  Okay, I only have 20 minutes, so I'm basically going to go right for the jugular. There's going to be no kind of beating around the bush, no tap dancing. So the agenda, I'm going to talk about the current state of the mapping security alerts, kind of touch upon the actual methodology of geospatial intrusion detection systems. Obviously vendors and accuracy always plays a huge role in this, and then obviously touch upon how to beat it. Okay, whereas IT security and mapping collided. Mapping has definitely gotten a lot more publicity with Google Earth and Yahoo Maps and all that type of stuff. Many security firms have implemented mapping tools and their products in varying degrees. Here's a couple screen captures of some of the bigger players. John Goodall sent me this image of Meerkat, which this product specifically is literally just putting geographic locations to wireless signals. This one's another one. This is a Korean based network security product called VizNet. It's pretty kickass. This is one I did in grad school. I just called it GSWAT for some odd reason. Now a lot of these tools, they have very little stuff going on behind them. They're basically taking the source IP address, translating it to lat-long coordinates, and then mapping it. It's giving the security analysts a little bit of information as far as geographically where it's coming from, but that's about it. It's basically eye candy at this point. Now this is where the geospatial intrusion detection system kind of comes into play. It's basically putting a backbone, giving it a bite. So the goal is to find a correlation between externally based network alerts by plotting their source locations on a geographic map. This by no means is a silver bullet for companies looking to defend. It's basically giving the security analysts one more piece, one more component of information so that they can basically make a better determination what to do with that alert. The theories supporting this is, okay, so you have a hacker. He's coming from a zombie computer. He's going to compromise those zombie computers by doing a sequential IP scan. It's common knowledge that ISPs divvy out IP addresses in a geographic location. So if a company defending against this can basically read in, suck in all that information and run some type of pattern recognition against the information, they can basically find the zombies and find out what the attacker's trying to hone in on. Okay, so I'm going to do a very high level explanation of the kind of GID methodology. You want to first off just eliminate as many friendlies or false positives as possible. There's a couple of different ways to do this. By mapping the street address of the clients, of strategic partnerships, remote locations, I've even gotten to the point where I've mapped my system administrators and their home address because they always create false positives. Let's see, IP translation. Maybe if you don't have that street address, you can take where they're coming from, that IP address and basically just do the same thing just of the geocoding translation. Another thing is create an IDS alert when a customer is actually authenticated to your website. So it's very easy with snort, piece of cake. And obviously it's not bullet proof. A hacker in due diligence is probably a customer, but at the same time it's a risk you're going to have to take. Now with each of these steps, I want to kind of give you a little screen capture of what I'm actually talking about. So let's see, the triangles represent snort alerts. The circles represent actual, whether it's a remote branch, a system administrator's home address. So with this quick little map, by doing the elimination of friendlies, it basically reduces the false positives and reduces the IDS data set by 30% roughly. Now again, at this level, by looking at the country, you would almost have to obviously kind of dig in a little bit closer because with these triangles and circles sitting on top of each other, they still could be 30, 40, 50 miles apart. But again, I just wanted to give you kind of a high level representation. Okay. The time series, the time stamp is very important. Obviously when you're doing some level of data mining and stuff, and with IDS alerts there's just so many false positives and so many alerts, you almost have to, you can't analyze the entire data set. You've got to break it into smaller chunks. So you want to plot rolling time series of one week, two week, four week. This again is, you're trying to target the professional hacker. It's not going to be the high school student that got home from school and is doing like a huge, just aggressive end map scan. You want to target the low and slow to really hit the hackers. Now the rolling, obviously fixed is Monday to Monday, Monday, Monday, Monday, Monday. You don't want to do that. You want to give it a rolling. You want to basically do Monday to Monday, but also Tuesday to Tuesday, Wednesday to Wednesday. You want to give it a rolling time series. Because obviously hackers aren't, or crackers or what not, aren't basically within your interval. Okay. So this is when the actual juice comes into play. Basically once you've tried to narrow that IDS data set down to a number that, or a volume that you can handle, you want to run it through a GIS clustering algorithm. There's multiple clustering algorithms out there. Poisson, Nier's Neighbor, Moran's Eye Index, Ripley's Cave Function, any of these you can play with. What I did in my research is I hired three individual independent GIS firms and basically gave them a huge data set of approximately a year, 450,000 IDS alerts, and I told them to tell me what's the best GIS algorithm to use. Those were a, I don't want to get into who they specifically were, but of course they each came out, came back with a different GIS algorithm. So again, still in the testing phase, I'm leaning more towards the Poisson, which you can kind of Google, I don't have time to dive into it specifically, or Q and A's afterwards, I can show you how it works. Once you've identified the clustered spots, you want to extract those to again dive in a little bit deeper. Now what I've been doing currently is once I extract those IDS alerts, I've been manually going through, which is an absolute nightmare. So what I'm doing right now in my research is evaluating, running them through some type of weight calculating algorithm, working with some of the guys at George Mason that developed a product called Caldrin that does attack graphs, so I'm trying to automate it as much as possible. Okay, and typically with this level of conversation, the biggest question is accuracy and vendors. Who's offering these translation files and how accurate are they? The vendors that I know of, IP2 location, MaxMind, Quova, Digital Envoy, and the other two, sorry. The vendors are using approximately 12 different techniques to better, to more accurately tell you where those lat-long coordinates are.  I just don't have time. Okay, so accuracy, these are two specific quotes off of the vendor's websites. Our GOIP databases are over 99% accurate on the country level. That's not too shocking. 90% accurate on the state level and 80% accurate for the US within the 25 mile radius. Now again, with MaxMind, who's actually auditing that? That could just as easily be a marketing ploy as they all exist. Quova is a little bit different because they actually have Price Waterhouse, Cooper doing their auditing. So there's statistics. Quova's country level accuracy was measured at 99.9%. US state level accuracy was measured at 96.3%. But again, accuracy is ultimately determined by the desired level of need. And notice how a lot of the vendors won't actually tell you at a city level what their accuracy is. Here's an example of less accurate translations. Now you can obviously see with plotting of the snort alerts that there's something called striping going on. It's pretty easy to determine. So there's something wrong in their algorithm. Okay, so how to beat it? Okay, so typically right now hopefully you're thinking, okay, this jackass has piqued my interest a little bit. Now, how is he going to tell me how I can actually beat it? Well, you take that translation file and you just reverse engineer it. So typically what they're doing is you feed them an IP address and they feed you lat-long coordinates and zip codes and phone numbers and who the ISP is and what broadband they're using and all that type of stuff. Just reverse engineer it. Actually, let me jump back to this slide. So I developed this product that basically sucks in the entire database of source IP to lat-long coordinates and basically deconstructed it so I can give it lat-long coordinates and it'll give me all the IP addresses within those lat-long coordinates. So here's just the screen captures. It's basically just web-based. So you kind of zoom in, click and drag. It shows you all the cities within your click and drag. Dive in a little bit deeper. University of Manchester in England. And once you do the fetch, it'll actually give you the IP addresses. Now, a lot of people don't realize how dangerous this is because if you think you can basically do schools, you can even take Google Earth and plot out a street address whether it's Panera, Starbucks, and then once you zoom into it, you can actually get the IP address of that store, office, military base, contractor, subcontractor, prime, secondary, any of that type of stuff. And it's basically allowing you to narrow your target down so you don't have to rely on the who is database or anything that's really not monitored. So it's definitely a lot more dangerous. Okay, so let me jump back to this. Now, the accuracy is... network security for this accuracy isn't the prime goal. So network security is still riding the coattails of some of the other more... I don't want to say important, but people that have the money. So what industries are using this IP to lat-long coordinates to their advantage? You have credit card fraud. So obviously credit card companies are spending a small fortune to make sure this accuracy is fairly precise. You have digital rights management. And in talking to some of the vendors, to my understanding, if a Major League Baseball game doesn't sell out, they don't actually broadcast that game on the television. So they'll use the IP addresses to their advantage. Obviously, Emergency 911 calls. Once people started using VoIP, it became absolutely essential that emergency services could locate you given an IP address. So that's a huge push. So again, with some of these network security, we're just riding the coattails of this technology. And hopefully as natural evolution goes, it'll become more accurate and more precise.  Divide it from different geographic locations, different places, all that type of stuff. Map remote locations and use a tool to extract neighboring IP addresses, which will hopefully get extracted when eliminating friendlies. Obviously it depends on if the defending company is actually eliminating the friendlies. But typically you're not going to go at a company head-on. You're going to go through one of their remote branches, smaller companies. If I'm targeting banking information, I'm not going after Deutsche Bank. I'm going after the little mom-and-pop banks that probably don't have the security in place to stop me. Attack at various times. Obviously one of the small perks of geographically locating the source IP address or the source place is you find out what time zone they're in. So if I'm a network security analyst, I'm going to treat an IDS different if it's during a business hours versus a non-business hours for the source location. And obviously include decoy scans, look for different ports.  So let's see, if you have any questions offline, you can reach me at this email address. I had the best intentions of actually putting together a website, but I got caught up at work. So I haven't yet. I plan to make this open source, so hopefully within the next couple of weeks I'll put everything online so people can actually use it. Hopefully I'll find myself back at a Guinness tap fairly soon. But I will double back for the visualization workshop at two o'clock. Are there any initial questions that I can answer? I will, the stuff on my website, when I sat down to do this presentation I actually came out with 75 different PowerPoint slides and in 20 minutes it would have just been diary of the mouth. So I sat down and knocked it down to obviously as you can tell 26. So I will, on my website, dive into a lot more depth and detail. I'll show you the results that the GIS firms actually came up with.  So let's see. So the data set that I have, and again this is kind of shooting from the hip, here are the friendlies. So I was able to map those out and I mapped out the clusters, actually let's see, the clusters. So those were basically just shown with the blue circles and then extracted the hotspots. So it's pretty nice. A lot of this is done through KML which is the language that Google Earth talks to. I don't have the funding to use Esri who, if anybody's familiar with Esri, Esri is the big DOD in mapping conglomerate. Absolute nightmare to deal with just because they don't even know what's going on. But again everything uses KML, a lot of Python, and again with what I'll put online is I'll give you a Python script that actually basically extracts from your MySQL databases or whatnot and actually create the KML file for you so you can actually see it on Google Earth. Okay, well that's all I got unless anybody's got questions or whatnot. Come on, they'll be shy. Perfect, thank you.


Okay, everybody. We're going to get started. Good morning. So this morning we have Dr. D'Angeles going to be talking about gene expression genetics and epigenetics, and it's rolling AMD for us today, so cheers. Okay. Thanks for having me here this morning. And some of this might be a little bit of a review for you. And feel free to ask questions. And I'm not going to take up your whole time this morning, so you can follow up with questions afterwards. Okay, a lot of you probably already know a lot about age-related macular degeneration, that it's the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. And a lot has been done with respect to the genetics of age-related macular degeneration. And a lot of that recently has been done with the AMD Genomics Consortium pulling all these cohorts that are available in trying to get to the genetics. And there's two major loci on chromosome 10, the arms 2, H-traw 1. We don't know if this is two separate genes or possibly one in the same gene, and the complement factor H on chromosome 1 that explain about 65% of the genetic component. We know that smoking's involved, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, as environmental factors, aging of course, and having a first-degree relative which can increase your risk up to 12-fold. So first-degree relative is having a parent or first-degree sibling. And as the patient ages is the patient population ages, we expect close to 3 million to have advanced disease by 2020. So even though we have all these great genetic risk factors, we're not able to reverse vision loss over the long run, and therapies are limited in their applicability. So this is just a picture depicting fundus photos of the intermediate, and I'm showing the age-related eye disease scale here, showing the intermediate or arid's category 3, and the advanced form's geographic atrophy, and the neovascular form which one can lose vision from quickly. And most of you could probably do better describing the phenotype here. One of the approaches we've been using, and some of you have probably already heard about this, is we've used a family-based approach. And I started this work as a postdoctoral fellow when I was working in Boston years ago, over 10 years ago, working with Joan Miller at Mass-Sineer. And this is looking at genes and variants and environmental factors between sibling pairs, because you're controlling for ethnicity and environmental factors, because a lot of studies are, you get a lot of false positives, and you can't replicate these findings from study to study. So what I'm going to talk to you about today is we're getting ready to submit this work. Is looking at gene expression as the driving force at the RNA level, doing pathway analysis, validating it and replicating it at the DNA level, and then looking at it systemically, localize tissue-wise in the eye, and doing a tissue work, because you want to see what's driving gene expression. Is it due to methylation, epigenomics, or is it due to something else? So we looked at it globally at first. So we wanted to look at the sibling pairs and look at the RNA, and we wanted to get RNA, obviously, for my tissue, but you can't do that from living, breathing patients. And the best way to do that is to get it from transformed cell lines. We tried to do RNA from blood, but when we started this, there's a lot of noise involved with looking at RNA directly from blood. And we also controlled for environmental factors that could lead to false positives in your analysis with gene expression studies. And we came up with a set of genes that at least had a two-fold difference between those with neovascular AMD and those without neovascular AMD. And we also wanted to look for other modes of evidence, linkage analysis that weren't found by other studies that didn't have already genes identified for them. And we found some genes of interest, ABCA1, which has evolved in lipid metabolism and a few other genes we wanted to focus on. And this is just showing the full change that is different between those with disease and those without disease. So this means that this gene is decreased in those with disease compared to their unaffected sibling. And this takes, to get to this point, just a lot of programs, a lot of statistical analysis, and a lot of data cleaning. And this is just some of the pathway analysis that you can use to try to visualize the way that these genes might look together or they might function. And the idea is that the way that these genes might function are going to be different in someone with disease than someone without disease. So that you can think about how you would target a pathway in the form of therapies. And red is up-regulated, green is down-regulated. But it also pulls in the genes that don't have colors or genes that also might function in these pathways. These are hypothetical pathways, because we don't know everything about our genome there is to know. And we've already published this work, but we wanted to interrogate this pathway more fully. Ooh, these genes. Okay. So a way to interrogate this a little bit more fully is to look at, we've looked at it at the RNA level. Now we want to look at it at the DNA level. And we only looked at it in a handful of patients. So now we want to expand to it, expand more fully at the DNA level. So we expanded more fully in this discovery family cohort. And we look at SNPs or tagging SNPs so that we can capture full variation within these genes. And those handful of genes that I pointed out, there's five or six of them. And then we want to replicate it in these cohorts. And they're Caucasian cohorts, but they're also ethnically diverse. And then if we want to meta-analyze these cohorts because if it's more strong in meta-analysis, you're more confident that those SNPs are truly associated with disease. We also wanted to use a cases-only model because you have better precision for estimating interactions. And it's more appropriate because we have our major genes already that are associated with susceptibility to disease. So we only expect that these genes are only going to contribute modestly to disease. So the risk alleles that are going to be associated with susceptibility to risk are likely going to be low. So this is just to show you the work involved. And we tested probably 44 SNPs within these disease genes with known SNPs that were associated with disease. We'd already published these. There are well-established risk factors for age-related macular degeneration. And from this, we came up with eight SNPs that we thought were associated with risk. And we tested it in those replication cohorts. And from this, we were able to do meta-analysis. And this is what we came out with. And HTRA in arms two, even though they're significantly associated with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration, and they're the most strongly associated with all types of age-related macular degeneration, we do not know their function and we do not know their pathway. So this gets us to start thinking about a pathway that might be involved with HTRA in arms two. Green means these are down-regulated and red means these are up-regulated. But what does this mean? So what? These genes interact. We need to maybe figure out why they're interacting. But we also want to show disease relevance with the tissue that's being affected in this disease. So thanks to the Lions Eye Bank, we've been able to end Dr. Hartnett and me Hartnett. We've been able to build our own eye repository and try to focus on the retina and the RPE coroid, the tissues affected by age-related macular degeneration. And we want to look at the macula that's primarily affected, but also at the extra macula, because we want to look at the differences between the two tissue types as well as to see if there's differences between these types. So we look at four geographic regions within the eye. And what we found with the genes that we wanted to focus on these genes that were statistically significantly interacting was that only RGS-13 and Mura were down-regulated in the macular region compared to the extra macular region. And even though H-tri, which is the most in arms two, which are the most strongly significantly associated with susceptibility to risk, weren't changed in their expression between those with disease and those without disease. And here I'm just showing you an example of those with six eyes. We actually did up to 18 eyes and found that this was the case. And then for these genes, ABCA1, which is a lipid transporter gene, and Robo1, those are the extra macula, they were decreased in the RPE. So we found differences between tissue types that were concentrated to the macula. The tissue primarily affected an age-related macular degeneration and we didn't find any other changes for any of the other genes that was statistically significant. We saw trends, but not at a statistically significant level. Now, we see these changes in expression, but what does that mean? We want to look at the mechanism of why these changes are occurring. And one of those reasons could be due to epigenetics. What exactly is epigenetics? What epigenetics means, and some of you already may know this, is changes in gene expression caused by other things other than the base changes, which I've just talked about, which is a single nucleotide polymorphism. And these changes can be due to things like smoking, changes in our diet, or changes toxic things in the environment. And if they occur at the level of the gamete as opposed to a somatic cell, they can be inherited. And I'm going to show you an example of that in mice. These two mice, you see one here that's yellow and heavier looking than this brown mouse. Although these mice look different, they're actually genetically the same. And the reason that they look different can be depicted here. This little brown mouse, and this is due to what's called the agouti gene. This brown mouse, they both express the agouti gene, but as they age, the agouti gene in the brown mouse becomes methylated. In the yellow mouse, the agouti gene is not methylated.  If this yellow mouse eats a diet high in folic acid, it will have a healthy brown mouse. So by eating a healthy diet, it can have these healthy brown mice that have methylated agouti genes. So this is just an example of what methylation can do. And we can think about this in age-related macular degeneration because you can have the same gene associated with susceptibility to disease but yet get different phenotypes. You have people that develop just geographic atrophy, neovascular AMD, or only get erodes three but never develop these diseases. So there's... I'm going to just talk about two types. Is DNA methylation and histone modifications. And what we can think about is that these block access that epigenetics or DNA methylation, if you will, blocks access to the DNA. So what happens is you add a methylation at a CPG site or a cytosine site and these CPG sites can occur anywhere, not just in the promoter, but they can occur throughout DNA in the intronic sites but they can occur throughout the gene. We chose to study for the four genes of interest. We looked at all of the genes, the genes that changed expression for ABCA1, ROBO, RGS13, and RPSKA2. And we focused on what we thought were important to where the CPG rich sites. And we did not find... we looked at the cell lines, we looked at the RP and we looked at the retina. And the only thing we found that I'm going to talk about was in the ABCA1 and we found this both systemically and within the tissue. ABCA1 is not novel to age-related macular degeneration risk. It's been found by these groups here to be associated with age-related macular degeneration. It's also involved in cardiovascular disease and lipid transport is shown here. The thing that we found interesting is that we actually found it in one of our significant single nucleotide polymorphisms that we found associated with disease. And we looked at 99 different sites. We found differences in 15 different sites between those with disease and those without disease. And in one of those 15 sites we found three sites with statistical significance. And from one of those sites one of those sites actually contained a single nucleotide polymorphism. So what we found was is that people who were and this was also true with the tissue but we found that people without disease had increased methylation. The thing is we found this true not just for the RPE but for the retina. So the expression change cannot be explained by the methylation alone. So our change in expression is due to... because remember the expression change for ABCA1 which was a decrease in expression was only found in the retina pigment epithelium and we found this methylation this increase in methylation in the normals also in the retinal tissue of the macula. Another way that we can look at what at function of our genotypic changes that we're seeing in our genes is through expression quantitative trait locus or EQTLs. And this is a way to study the relationship between the genome and the transcriptome or the RNA the DNA and the RNA to explain why we're seeing differences in gene expression. So we have cell lines on our SIDPAIR cohort or family based cohort and we have genotype data on these genes that I showed you so we want to try to equate the genotypes in those genes with the expression differences and this is just the type of statistical test that we used and we did find that this promoter change in the H-trod gene affected Robo-1. So this promoter change in the homozygous state of the disease alleles right here affects Robo-1 and because Robo-1 is located on a different chromosome chromosome 3 H-trod resides on chromosome 10 this is called a trans-EQTL because RGS-13 in its homozygous state affects because just because something changes doesn't mean that it can affect expression within the same genes it's a cis-EQTL so it's nice to see that some of the changes that we see in those genes can affect expression of systemic at this systemic level so just to add proof of concept that this pathway might underlie age-related macular generation we see significant gene-gene interaction we've shown differences in expression profiles at the systemic level also at the localized disease level we've been able to show methylation for one of the genes and we've been able to show cis and trans EQTLs we're also doing RNA-seq both on the cell lines and on the eye tissue and nothing would be possible without really good collaborations both within the Moran nationally and internationally and these are all the wonderful collaborators here at the University of Utah here in my laboratory a lot from Margo Morrison the wonderful people Denise, Roseanne, Katie, Katrina and Stefan Hartnett here Emmy Hartnett Ivana and Joan up at Moussineer and Lindsay Farre at Boston University Dr. Park from Seoul and our Greek collaborators and Dr. Sylvester from Queens University so thank you there's a lot of information in a short period of time feel free to ask questions we had systemic genetic only for ABCA1 with the mice was eating a good diet with BOLA and I think we're just starting to learn because bad things can this is just an example we found accidentally that increased methylation was higher yeah right it's very complex because more methylation can be bad but more methylation can be good and I don't think we know enough because you see it both ways depending on the literature and the genes right and we didn't look like we've done one analysis I was looking at is looking at because we did a serum so I'd like to see what the genotype might be protecting them too want to see how that's interacting we've seen a lot of that in this cohort with having a protective genotype but they have a high serum level so I'd like to look at that and maybe it's just the bees normal like it's not complete that's why it'd be good too to have the cell lines from the people who donated their eye system with control by the number of passages so if you try to keep it under a certain number of passages and people have done this successfully for other complex diseases and published successfully for neuropsychiatric diseases for what else has been it for type 2 diabetes and shown correlation say with brain tissue fresh brain tissue and systemically and a good correlation with RNA-seq data use these arguments because that's how I know this that makes sense


We have seen previously that if we're given the formula of a logarithmic function that we can produce its graph But what if you have to go the other way around? What if we have the graph of the function? We want to come up with a formula Let's say that for example We need to find the base a so that the graph f of x which is equal to log base a of x contains the point two comma three So we know that we have a just a standard logarithmic function no transformation whatsoever But it contains the point two two comma three here for which We're aware that the base does affect how steep the logarithm is going to be And so let's say that we have that point there. So we have the two two is the x coordinate Three is the y coordinates. We have something like this So we have this point two comma three Since our logarithm hasn't been transformed whatsoever. We do know it also will contain just the standard x intercept one Like so and so if we try to think about what this logarithm would look like It's it's vertical asymptote still be the y-axis. We would see graphs something like this So this is f. What if we know about this? What if we know this about the function? Like we could see this from the picture Well, we can use this point to figure out what the base of the function is Because after all if we were to look at f of two Well because of the point we know that f of two is going to equal three But because of the function formula, we know f of two is going to equal log base a of two And so we have this equation log base a of two is equal to three Now we want to solve for a but like how do you how do you solve for a right here? um We can't really move the two over because of the logarithm What we want to do is actually move the log base a Over that's something we know how to do we can switch it from logarithmic form to exponential form This would look like two is equal to a cubed All right, so we switched it from logarithmic form to exponential form But in this situation the unknown is actually the base the power is what we know So we can get rid of the three we can move the three back to the other side for which We take the cube root of both sides and we see that here the base a Should equal the cube root of two for which we can approximate that but we're just going to keep an exact form right here So this logarithm the logarithm the standard logarithm that goes to the point two comma three must have been base uh cube root of two Now of course things can get a little bit more complicated like look at this picture We see right here. We see that we have a logarithm which goes through the point One zero it looks like the standard uh x intercept It also goes to the point two one But look at the look at the vertical asymptote the vertical asymptote is at x equals three How does that affect things? Yikes Well in order to in order to decide what's going to go on here What I wanted to do is first convince you that the most general form of a logarithm is this formula Let me see right here f of x equals log base a of x minus h over b That's the that's the worst case scenario when it comes to a logarithm And how do I know that well in a previous video? We saw that the most general exponential function we could graph would look like y equals c a to the x plus k Right where the parameter c which gives you the vertical stretch the base a and the vertical shift k That's the only thing you can do with a with a x-minitial function All ever all other transformations can be baked into this cake Well, let's solve for x in this situation right here. Let's let's compute the inverse function So actually if I were to swap x and y you would get x equals c a y Plus k and so if you solve for y in this situation right the first thing to do is subtract k from both sides You're going to get you're going to get x minus k is equal to c a to the y Then you're going to divide both sides by c So you're going to get a to the y is equal to x minus k Over c and then you switch it to logarithmic form you get y equals the log base a Of x minus k over c like so And so you can see what happened is now we get something like this that although the labels h and b are different from k and c I switched these to be h and b because we use h for horizontal shifting and we use b for You know vertical horizontal stretching and compressing things like that But this right here if this is the most general exponential function Then the most general logarithm would look something like this or again what we see right here That is to graph a exponential function. We only need vertical transformations We just need a stretch and a shift vertically if we know the base All right because of that since Since vertical transformations turn into horizontal transformations when you go to the inverse function the most general logarithm can be expressed using just just horizontal transformations So how do these these horizontal transformations affect the graph? Well the standard logarithm should have It should have as its vertical acetote the x the y-axis excuse me But this one right here has gone one two three steps to the right And so imagine that if you have your graph and you shifted everything to the right That's the only thing that's going to change this vertical acetote because the horizontal compressions and stretches won't affect the y-axis And the base the base doesn't affect the y-axis as well So the only thing that can move the vertical acetote will be this shift right here And so I want you to I want you to be aware of that h H right here is going to correspond to the location The location of the vertical acetote Which in this in this graph here We can see very quickly that because the vertical acetote is located at x equals three We see that h is going to equal three in this situation All right now. It's going to be a positive three That's important to remember if we had like over here It was like negative two then we plug in a negative two because you get a negative negative two Which give you a plus two. It's a shift to the left. All right, so the location of the Ascentote tells you the shift we did the exact same thing for exponentials after all As we move the horizontal acetote up and down that would change the vertical shift It was the same number. We see the the inverse relationship going on here The location of the vertical acetote gives you the horizontal shift Well, how did we find the location or how do we figure out how much of a vertical stretch or compression happened to? How how how did that affect an exponential? We looked at the y-intercept and the distance it was from the horizontal acetote We're going to do the same thing, but we're going to take the x-intercept We're going to take the x-intercept and measure the distance from the x-intercept to the vertical acetote Take the x-intercept and minus the vertical acetote In this situation here. So we're going to take one So this this number right here is going to be this b value. So to find b We're going to take the difference The difference between the x-intercept And the Vertical acetote so we see in this situation b is equal to 1 minus 3 which gives us a negative 2 All right, so let's kind of summarize what we have so far So what we know about our function is the following f of x is equal to the log base a we don't know what that is yet But we're going to get x minus 3 over negative 2 We have a negative 2 in the denominator now It's a little bit disconcerting to have a negative inside of a logarithm It's not actually wrong, but I'm actually going to rewrite this as the log base a Of 3 minus x over 2 that makes me feel a little bit happier here Now we're in a situation where we have to figure out what is the base a and that's where we're going to use the point We haven't used yet. We know the point 2 comma 1 is on the graph I'm going to plug that into the equation to solve for the the yet still missing base So we know that f of 2 Is going to equal 1 but we also know it's going to equal the log base a of 3 minus x well 3 minus 2 actually Over 2 Like so for which we can simplify this we get the log base a of 1 half This is supposed to equal 1 and just like we did on the previous example. We're going to move the base a to the other side And this then gives us 1 half Is equal to a to the first we're just as equal to a now if if we had some other number than one We would then have to uh, we'd have to you know, take a square root or cube root or whatever And so this is this is a great point for us that when it comes to logarithms We like the x-intercept and we like the point Where the y-coordinate is equal to 1 we saw the same thing with exponential functions We like the y-coordinate and we like the place where the x-coordinate was equal to 1 That is we like the y-intercept and when the x when the x-coordinate was 1 for logarithms It's the opposite We want the x-coordinate and when y equals 1 but if we could do with any point here because again We could take we could take like a second like square root or cube root like we did on the previous example So since the base is equal to 1 half We now have our function f of x equals the log base 1 half as much as you might not want a fraction right here It is perfectly acceptable. The base of a logarithm can be any positive number other than 1 So we get the log base 1 half Of 3 minus x over 2 and this function right here will then produce the graph that we started off with right here


The following is a presentation of TFNN The Traders Edge with Steve Rhodes at 1-877-927-6648 or internationally at<PHONE_NUMBER> The Traders Edge. Now Steve Rhodes. Good morning folks. Welcome to the January 22nd, the magnificent Monday edition of today's Traders Edge show. I'm your host, Steve, Perseverance Rhodes, who absolutely knows that each of us should always be pioneers of our future versus prisoners of our past. Hope everyone out there is having a great day. Let's make sure we have an extraordinary one. Now the easiest way to do that is to always remember that life is happening for us, not to us. That's right. When you and I make that one little two by four shift, it means we can find the gift. In every set of circumstance, that life is going to toss at us. Now today we're going to go check on the circumstance of these markets. We'll go figure out what those bulls and bears, what those buyers and sellers are communicating to you and I at just past 11 o'clock in the morning. I want you to know I'm absolutely grateful for your presence here, but even more important than that. And that's this during this next 53 minutes. I am here to serve you. So feel free to pick up that phone. You can dial on it at<PHONE_NUMBER>. Now if you've got a question but you can't dial in, we've got you covered. You can send me an email. Send that off to Steve at TF9.com and inside the subject heading, please put radio show question. Of course, if you're inside the Tiger's Devil, then any in every ping will do. So let's go ahead and get this show started on Magnificent Marvelous Monday. Of course, this is Tiger. Financial news network. I'm Steve Rhodes. Welcome to the show. Right now we've got a slightly mixed bag out there. That mix is really just coming from the Summizer off 12 points. We'll certainly take a look at those. See what's up there. You've got the Dow 146, the S&P's up 11, the NASDAQ 19, the Russell's up 28. The trend is up 246. You've got the gold trading down 5 bucks in change. Silver's off 43 cents in change. Light's recruited up a buck 28. Natural gas is off 12 cents. And a 30-year treasury. Printed out $1, 2023, that's up 23 ticks. Now the dollar, leading the charge dollar-wise to the upside, it's Mercado Libre up 1.6%. About 28 bucks, 15 bucks for Mon Gob, nearly 4%. Synopsis, 14 bucks, nearly 3%. Monday.com, having a good Monday, it's up nearly 6%. Nearly 12 bucks. Asthma Holdings, 10.50%. A 10.6% move. To the downside, it's booking Holdings up 102, nearly 3%. Archer Daniels Midland down 14 bucks, 20%. MicroStrategy off 10%, 2%. Ferrari's down 9%. That's a 2- and 6-10% move. And Advanced Microsoft, about 9 bucks. That's a 5% move to the downside as well. So where do we want to begin? Let's begin by taking, like, what's going on around the globe out here? How's the US market doing compared to the other markets? Well, we know where a new all-time high with regard to the Dow, with regard to the S&P, with regard to the Nasdaq 100. That's what's across the top out here. So I know conditions inside the US are pretty gosh darn bullish. How about over in Shanghai? No, in fact, a price close below the bottom of a hammer candle. That says it wants lower price out here. Now, the Nikkei is rallying nicely, but nowhere near it's all-time high, which is back in, you know, 1990. But still it looks pretty good, compared certainly to the Shanghai. We take a look at the Hang Seng. That's got no bottom signal here. Looks like it's trading lower. There's no capital. There's no global capital flowing into the Hang Seng. There's no global capital flowing into Shanghai, perhaps into the Nikkei. We take a look at the FTSE here. Nowhere near it's all-time high, nor is the Australian S&P 200, nor is the DAX. This is the point. The rally is going on here in the US, but it's not really just in the US, is it? It's the US indices. It's the US stocks. It's the large cap stocks out there. If you take a look at equity futures, here's the ES, the NQ, and the DAO. ES along the top row. NQ along the middle row. DAO across the bottom row. New all-time highs in terms of the ES many, in terms of euros, in terms of yen, in terms of pounds. That's all unfolding today. If we take a look at the NQ, the same thing out here. New all-time highs today in terms of all four major currencies. The US dollar, the euro, the pound, the yen out there. The only thing that is not a new to all-time high right now is the DAO priced in British pounds. New all-time high in terms of euros and in terms of yen out there. This point, the point that we should understand until across the globe we start to see sellers out there. This is the reason why the markets are rising because capital is flowing into the US. You and I are looking at it on this screen out there. If we take a look at the DAO itself priced in major currencies. Here we can add the sweetest corona. That's in a new all-time high as we speak. In Australian dollars, we're in a new all-time high. So the DAO Equity Future Contract did not make a new all-time high, but I can see that since I last updated this, the great British pound has. So again, this is a global rally in the US. It is not a global rally across the world. This is a global rally in the US. And if in fact capital is concentrating here, which it is, we're going to see these markets move way higher than any of us think. That doesn't mean I'm saying they're going to continue to move higher nonstop. We know the dance steps out there. You know, two steps forward, two, three steps forward, one, two steps back, and so forth. We know how to dance out here. Here's the, this is the DAO priced in all those major currencies, which is really where they're concentrating because they want large cap liquidity out there. You can certainly get in some of the Nasdaq stocks, you can get in some of the S&P stocks, but not like the entire index out here. But if you ask about the S&P 500, we're a new all-time high, dollars, euros, yen, pounds, Aussie dollars, Swedish Krona, pretty darn powerful move that we see going on out there. So that's perhaps the most important thing is to understand the bigger picture and what's going on across the globe out there. Again, as much as there are problems here, there's problems everywhere. If you're inside the Euro right now, you're sitting here trying to figure out how do you survive? Even though we've seen a bit of a rally out there, you can't be feeling that comfortable. Maybe you're feeling comfortable if you're over in Europe and my apology, but really, I think you've got a weak currency and the index is somewhat weak over in Europe as well. That's why they're all flooding or moving over here to the dollar. It's not the only reason, but it's certainly one of the reasons they're moving over to the dollar. There's boots on the ground, wars out there.  Wars always lead to inflation, usually higher interest rates. I know everybody's talking about interest rates going lower, but not until the war cools down. Now, we don't have boots on the ground as we speak here in the United States, so that's another reason why capital is flowing here. So let's take a quick peek. Let's go run over. That's a bigger overview of what's going on. Now, we've got the smaller stuff to take a look at. The noise would in essence be the daily timeframe charts out here. So let's go take a look at what's going on in the EES mini. Actually, these are all for future contracts right now. The weekly charts are really important out there. But if we take a look at the weekly, the EES mini negated its TD-9 count top last week. Of course, that TD-9 count top, what does price do? Pulls back, tests that green oscillator and change line. We know that's a bullish condition on a weekly basis. The EES mini is in a breakout bullish mode. The same thing with regard to the NQ. The Dow, maybe by the end of the week, is still just it had been consolidating outside its profiles out there. And the Russell 2000 is now trading above the top of its weekly profile. So that is a bullish outcome for it. The only real issue here for the Russell 2000 I see is that price has also found resistance at the top of its profile on its green oscillator and change line. So if the Russell's going to rally, it's had a nice rally right up into resistance out there, you need to see it close above $19,570. If you're to get that today, it's going to join along the U.S. equity futures and not that it hasn't been rallying, but really joined the rally. Because when you close above the top of a profile and a green oscillator and change line, you get to breakout bullish mode. Folks, stay tuned. We'll be back in just a few. Of course, you can give us call<PHONE_NUMBER> or send me an email. Send that off early. Steve at TFN.com. We'll be right back. If you're looking for potential trading setups in the stock market, then Rocket Equities & Options Report is a newsletter you should try. Tommy O'Brien delivers options and equity trades when the markets present them using a combination of fundamentals and technicals. Sign up for Rocket Equities & Options Report today with a 30-day money-back guarantee so you have nothing to risk. For all the details and to start your subscription today, visit the front page of TFN.com. TFN, educating investors. You might think that if you want to be successful at trading in the stock market, you're going to need a crystal ball. After all, it's impossible to predict the future, right? Like any endeavor in life, before you decide it's impossible, get some advice from the experts. You might find that it's not so impossible after all. 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Steve Rhodes is committed to sharing his techniques and knowledge with anyone who wants to learn and he shares his vast amount of trading knowledge every day in his Mastering Probability newsletter. Steve's award-winning newsletter, Mastering Probability, is delivered every trading day with updates throughout the afternoon. Sign up for Steve's market newsletter, Mastering Probability, and you'll receive access to seven of Steve's educational webinars absolutely free. At TFNN, all our newsletters come with a 30-day money-back guarantee, so you have absolutely nothing to worry about. Visit TFN.com and try Mastering Probability 30 days risk-free today. TFNN, educating investors. TFNN has launched the Tiger's Den, hosted at Discord. TFNN has been educating traders for more than 20 years, with live programming hosted by a variety of professional traders during market hours. The Tiger's Den, available to all tigers and tigeresses for just $1 for the year. There's no catch or added costs when you join our community of traders. Sign up today and become a part of this educational community of traders. Just visit the front page of TFNN.com. Toll-free at 1-877-927-6648. Internationally at<PHONE_NUMBER>. I hope everybody had a great weekend out there. Boy, there was great golf, great tennis, great football. Tonight there's going to be some great tennis as well. Our local Cocoa Golf is playing. I'm not sure what time. I would think it's after 9 o'clock this evening out there. But anyway, let's do this here. We had a number of requests that came on Friday that I was unable to get to, and I did get back to each person, let them know that I would cover their request this morning. So I'm going to go ahead and start that. Then we'll come back. We'll circle back around to the indices, what's going on, the play-by-plays. We take a look at some of the intraday equity future charts out here. So let's start with Blackstone. This request that came in from Nicholas. His question on Friday was, is it a buy? And I can answer it as of today. The answer is no. Now, the reason I say the answer is no is because prices rallied right up into its sell zone. So the sell zone here for Blackstone, Nicholas, is between the levels of 121.32, 121.12, the high today so far, 121.22. If price were to close above 122.22 out there, a lot of twos, that still is not necessarily a buy signal. In order to really give this thing a buy signal, we need to see it close above its green, oscillator and change line. And for the daily timeframe, that's at 123.19. Now, what we don't see out here is any kind of a bottom, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, Stevie, hold on a second. There's a daily TD9 count bottom. I looked too quickly. Looked like it. I thought that maybe it had been negated. So this has a TD9 count bottom. Okay. So I would have answered your question on Friday with yes, it's a buy. Maybe I did. I don't recall. Oh, I did. I think in an email. But I said, we'll cover this. I think I might have suggested a little bit of caution here, but I can't completely recall. But I would have said on Friday it's a buy because of that TD9 count. The reason I'm saying it's not today is because you've already traded up in resistance. If this is only a counter trend move, and I don't know if it is, but if it is only a counter trend move, this where price would stop. It'd be really between the 121, 121.32 and the 123.19 level. On a weekly basis out here, we have prices running into a potential resistance as well. That's its weekly oscillator and change on it. Again, another reason just for you to be cautious here. The monthly chart looks okay, but it's really the daily that needs to resolve itself. And I don't have a great, I don't have a really clear signal as to which way it will do that. Now we do see a series of higher lows out there. And as long as that remains in place, that looks pretty good. Now I would think because we're up at resistance and because in the case of Blackstone, it's had what appears to be a three consecutive day rally, that we could easily see a one to two day pullback in it. So that's what we're looking at, Nicholas. You've got this trading right up into resistance. No idea how it's going to resolve itself there. But those are the areas for you to be watching. Let's go to our second request and that came in from Eddie. Eddie was really more concerned or questions had really about these next two instruments about the weekly timeframe, A to B equals CD pattern. So I'll switch over and we'll take a look at that. But before I do that, Eddie, Nvidia, which is the one of the ones that you requested or had requested that we discussed out here, is going to go ahead and complete a TD9 count top today. It's been on one heck of a move. The weekly chart is not showing any signs of weakness nor is the monthly chart. In fact, they're showing signs of strength out there. But the daily chart, you'll want to watch tomorrow's activity for sure. So I don't know what the end of day high is going to be at the present time. The high inside of Nvidia is 60331. Let's assume that's the high. We'll just pretend that that's the high. The price closes above that high tomorrow. This TD9 count gets negated and tells you about a strong upward move to the upside. You also wanted to take a look at NTNX, which I'm going to just pop up on the screen before I change screens out here. And we'll see that in the case of NTNX out here, that this is also going to complete a TD9 count top today. So this is suggesting that it should pull back. Now its retracement should pull back to its oscillator and change line, 5247, about a $3 or so move to the downside. No idea how long you've been in this or what have you. The weekly chart looks very good. Why? Because it's negated a TD9 count top out there. The monthly chart is not showing any signs of weakness out here. So it's just the daily. So both for Nvidia and NTNX, which is Nutanix, you want to really pay attention to those. So now let's switch over to the black background screens because I can draw in an accurate A to B equal CD pattern. And that's what Andy had asked about. And he's really focused on the weekly time frame. So I'm just simply going to open up that screen and we take a look at A to B equal CD patterns out here. I only see one that exists. And that's this one out here. For the A point, it looks like I would use, let's see, what's that low is? 1351, this is 1344. So it's going to be the low. This is a weekly time frame that we're looking at. The week that began June 13th, that's our A point. So let's get that pushed in there. Our B point, very easy to find and identify. That's going to be the high from December the 12th. And then our C point was a retracement down into low that formed in April, April 24th of 2023. You can see that Nutanix is up at the 1 to 1.618 A to B equal CD pattern out there. If we take a look at the expansion of its last set of swing points, kind of curious to do that. That's really going to be from the high on a weekly basis of September 6th of 2021, down to that low that identified that A point for the A to B equal CD. So the one point, we're trading above the 1.272 out there. That's the expansion. If price can overcome 50, 618, that's 1.618, A to B equal CD expansion. You should see a price move up to the 63, 84 inch level. Now in Tom's book, you start to get that 1 to 1.618, A to B equal CD, you really start to anticipate a top. Now in this case here, for the weekly basis you would need a bearish reversal candle to confirm that signal. So on the daily time frame, you got that TD 9 count that's going to complete today. Again, watch today's high. Watch whatever today's high is. Watch that tomorrow and the next day. It closed above it. Today's high so far, 55, 78. Wouldn't negate that signal and suggest a further rally. Let's go take a look at it was Blackstone. BX is the ticker symbol. Let's pull that up. Again, let's focus on the weekly time frame out here. Give any the A to B equal CD patterns. The one that I see that is the most likely on a weekly basis out here, the A point is going to start down at the low from the week that began December 26th of 2022. The B point is going to be September 18th of 2023 and a retracement down into October 23rd. You can see that price hit the 1 to 1 level. Notice how price is along the left side of that C to D leg. It's on the inside. That tells us about a super strong move when we take a look at Blackstone out there. Now we can see that price is pulled back, but has it done more than pulled back? Well, the answer to that question wasn't BX. Ah, shoot, it's NVIDIA. Stevie, wake the heck up, would you? Sorry about that. Let's go to NVIDIA. Oh, good, luckily Stevie's got the A to B equal CD pattern drawn in here. Or do why? Because if you take a look at this, this is the only logical weekly A to B equal CD pattern that we've got to the upside. And you can see that its retracement is only a 28% retracement. You know we like to get a 0.382 retracement or more out there. Well, it still somewhat qualifies, I suppose, as an A to B equal CD pattern. If you take a look at its B point, B point at 431 million shares was passed with only $289 and then last week, $195. So even on the weekly time frame, as strong as NVIDIA has been, but when it comes to the A to B equal CD pattern, it hasn't taken out a swing point. But the only one that I could find for you, Eddie, is this one here, and that's what it gives you a price projection up to $786 out there. I think that's what you might have come up with as well. Just be on the lookout. You've got that TD9 account on the daily time frame. So hope that helps you out. Nicholas with BX, Eddie with NVIDIA, and Nutanix out there. McGuppy had a request. Take a look at LAC. So let's get that up on our screen out here. For that, we're going to switch over to the white background screen. See, I caught myself. So we get back to this breakout there. We'll see LAC. That's from McGuppy inside the Tigers. And of course, I'd love to hear from you as well.<PHONE_NUMBER> or Steve at TFNM.com. We'll be right back. Gold report. As a precious metal gold is still king. It continues to hold the most effective safe haven and hedging properties across the global major trading hubs of the London OTC market, the US futures market, and the Shanghai Gold Exchange. Gold report. Tom O'Brien publishes his weekly gold report every Monday morning for subscribers consisting of coverage of the XAU, HUI, GDX, the Dollar, Bonds, the South African Rand, as well as 25 different mining equities with specific buy-sell recommendations. The gold report. New subscribers get a 30-day money back guarantee so you have nothing to risk. Subscribe to Tom O'Brien's Gold Report newsletter now at TFNM.com or on TFNM's YouTube channel with Tiger TV, live every market day from 8.30 a.m. to 4.00 p.m. Eastern for free. Each host is an experienced trader and gives their take on the market while taking calls and questions live from around the world. From the moment the market opens until the closing bell sounds, Tiger TV has eight different shows with expert hosts to help you make the right moves with your money. Subscribe to our YouTube channel and become the investor you were born to be, TFNM, Educating Investors. TFNM has just launched their new trading room, the Tiger Zen, hosted at Discord. TFNM has been educating traders for more than 20 years with live programming hosted by a variety of professional traders during market hours and now they are expanding the reach with the Tiger Zen, available to all Tigers and Tigresses here. There's no catch or added costs when you join our community of traders. In the Tiger Zen, you can look over the shoulders of Tom O'Brien and the other TFNM hosts while they analyze charts during their live Tiger TV programs and join an interactive trading community with hundreds of members exchanging ideas, interact with other Tigers and Tigresses as they share trading ideas, news analysis and discuss the market action all trading day, even at night and on the weekends. The Tiger Zen at Discord is accessible on mobile or tablets as well, so it's always at your reach. To sign up today and become a part of this educational community of traders, just visit the front page of TFNM.com. This is for McGuppy inside the Tiger Zen. He's looking for a long-term buy point.  Why? Because this month is going to confirm a TD9 count bottom. That pattern will complete next month. That says the bottom could come in anytime between now and the end of next month. When we look at the weekly chart, a TD9 count bottom is going to go ahead and confirm this week. That is unless we have some kind of extraordinary rally. When I mean extraordinary rally, this is $450. This is trading at $450 right now. Not a likely outcome. You're going to get a confirmed TD9 count bottom in the weekly. Again, that will complete next week. The daily timeframe has got nothing to assist us, but that's the key. You're looking for some type of turn on the daily timeframe chart to then signal that perhaps the weekly TD9 count and the monthly TD9 count is in place out here. You may have to take a couple of stabs at this. I don't know at this stage here, but I'm going to take a look at the weekly. You'd love to see some type of bottom pattern. Today is going to become bar number six. It looks like it could. Maybe this will form some type of TD9 count bottom between what is it today would be bar number 607, eight. We'd be talking Wednesday through Friday of this week out there. Continue to pay close attention to it. I would say the minimum. When I just look at that daily timeframe chart, I don't see the highs of a prior candle, a close above the high of a prior candle since good takes all the way back to December 26th out there. So that could be something for you to take a peek at out there that at least be some type of signal of at least a potential change in trends. That's what I see. We take a look at Lithia, Lithium, America's Corp out there. Thanks so much for waiting the weekend there. McGuppy, we had a request from David in Panama City. David's got the calls for into it. He's got the calls that expire coming in a week, January 26th out there. So let's try to assist him and he's asking the question if Price is able to take out the swing point that's a December 28th swing point that has volume of only about 680,000 shares so far today and into it you have done 186,000. So 200, about 600. It's a similar type of actually looks to me like light volume, David. So you've probably identified that at this stage here. Now what price needs to close above to take out that high is 630107 where it's 639 631 right now. Give me such one to make sure I don't have any kind of delay. All the delays should be fixed. Yeah, 630102 is what I've got on my other screen, 630103 here. So we're good. I know this one's so perfect. So first price got to take out that swing point. If you look at the weekly timeframe chart here what we can see David is priced right up at resistance as well. That's a top of its weekly profile. So 630107 is the top of the profile. That's a swing point that price is trying to take out there, albeit on lighter volume right now. The monthly chart for into it shows that a TD9 count is likely to form between January and March. I know that's a big, you know, timeframe out there. Look, we are what took place today as price spiked above that high, hasn't taken it out. So it looks like it's trading above it as we speak right now. What did on the weekly timeframe was it generated a trigger day wave number 7 bar out there? Of course, that needs a lower high. That means the earliest would be next Friday before that could confirm out there. So I believe your question is what's the upside potential out here? So the upside potential would have to be, I'd have to say it had to be the swing point on the monthly base from November of 2021. Now that swing point, the low which was already above 356, that had volume of 34 million shares. When we came into it, we closed inside that last month and we did it with 26 million shares closed inside a swing point that had 34 million shares. So again, light volume there. Nonetheless, you're inside that swing point. The upside price objective here before we go any further would be that 716 range out there. So in order to see that I would say that today, today, tomorrow, whenever you need to see a close above that high, 631.07 out there. Now, if you were to test it and close below 627.18 and do it with less than 680,000 shares, that would say, okay, get ready for a retracement either to 621 or 60391. We don't have those conditions right now. Everything looks good with regard to into it. If I look at a 30 minute timeframe chart for into it, we're not seeing it. I take that back. We've got a TD9 count top. Perfect. So this will help you answer this question just simply by watching the stock patterns out there. Now, we don't have anything bearish to report other than a TD9 count top in the daily timeframe. What I really mean by that is prices above profile, price above its green oscillator change line. So the 30 minute timeframe chart, although it has a top, it's really a neutral signal. It would not become neutral if there was a 30 minute close above 632.44. So if you get that, you're probably back off to the races up towards that monthly high out there. That's what I see David when I take a look at that. Hope that helps you out. If not right back, let me know what else you're looking at or what else I can provide to you happy to do that. Mimi wants to take a look at the USO. So in order to do that, we really need to take a light sweet crude. We'll do that. Light sweet crude turns out that USO as we speak right now Mimi 100% of it is inside the March contract for light sweet crude. That'll change over the coming days or week out here. But right now we can just look at the March contract. That's a beautiful thing. Now the March contract for light sweet crude is consolidated with inside its monthly profile. The same thing inside the weekly profile. The same thing inside the daily profile. You kind of get a hint out here, Mimi. Light sweet crude is doing nothing more than consolidating out there. So what does that mean? That means if you want to buy a consolidation, you're towards the bottom turns out the bottom of this consolidation is more likely in about the 6970 ish to 7037 area. That's the bottom of the weekly profile 7037. That is it writes now price is getting ready to target its cell zone. So the cell zone out there is between 7548 and 7752. That is the March contract for light sweet crude out there intraday wise. I see a five hour cheating account top that is in place as we speak right now. Nothing else of major significance that I see. So you are running into resistance out there. Now let's switch panels of my charts and go back to the last slide. And I have a couple of other things I want to talk about. So let's go back to the last slide. So I'm going to take a look at USO specifically since that's really what you asked for. So we'll get over to those here. Those are going to be on the left hand side. You've got that March contract. But here I've got the USO for the daily and the weekly timeframe on a weekly timeframe, your next resistance areas up at 7029. That is what we're going to talk about. So let's go back to the last slide. Mimi, those would be 6934. The price were below 6934. 6659. USO is trading above all profiles. So if I had just only looked at USO because we know of the directional correlation, we also know that the only instrument the side of USO well, not the only instrument. The only futures contract with regard to crude oil is the future's contract. I'm not asking you to trade the crude oil futures contract, but I'm asking for you to do that if you want to get a better understanding of what's going on and what action you should or shouldn't take out there. And not that like we crude can't take out the 7548 level to 7752. It most certainly can. But we can see Mimi price has gotten up there. It's tested at 28. It's rejected that area. There's no way I'd have you enter a long trade inside of USO right now knowing that we're trading at 7457, the likes we crude in 7548 is a resistance. We'll be right back. Currencies, commodities and bond markets are as important as ever with how they're driving the volatility in equity markets across the globe, which is why it's a great time to try out Teddy Kegstad's Tiger Forex report. Teddy Kegstad breaks out every Monday using his 30 plus years of experience as a trading veteran of futures, forex stocks and options. Teddy releases his weekly Tiger Forex report every Monday morning with coverage of all the major currency pairs, including the dollar index, the Euro dollar, pound dollar, dollar Swiss, dollar yen, as well as many more. And he also has weekly coverage of the crude oil market and the 30 year T bonds as they both influence forex markets tremendously. When you sign up for the Tiger Forex report, you also gain instant credit. 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The funds are designed to be utilized only by sophisticated investors such as traders and active investors. Distributor Four Side Fund Services, LLC. This program is brought to you by Vista Gold, traded on the NYSE American and TSX under the title VGZ. This request out there, thank you each for providing me with requests. This makes this show, makes it easier for me to provide you with the information that you're looking for. So, XPEV, XPENG, ETF out here, this is a China something or other. It's got an A to B equal CD pattern to downside. That one-to-one price projection would get you to $8.34 out there. This thing negated a TD9 account bottom so it suggested it wants to head lower to the $8.34 or lower area. If you were to see a bullish reversal candle that would be your buy signal into this. Now do not use a gap as a buy signal as a bullish or a bearish because this is got a number of gaps out there and I'm assuming it's because of currency translation. The weekly chart has got a TD9 account bottom. It's going to go ahead and confirm this week and it'll complete next week. So that says you're near a low. Right now the monthly chart is sitting right at support. That's the bottom of its monthly chart profile out there. That's at $9.12. That's what I'll be watching for with regard to XPEV. We had requests from Duncan Steve to go take a look at the QQQs out here. Let's do it both ways. When I say both ways, let's go take a look at the Qs because I think one of the requests would be to take a look at A to B equal CD patterns because they are all over the place. Let's look at here. We can take a look at the different A to B equal CD patterns. Let's start with the large one. A gigantic one. This is the monthly timeframe chart. I would ask you where would you start the A point on this pattern because somebody could come all the way back and say, you know, Steve, the A point is the 2008 low. Yes. The Qs bottom in 2008, not in 2009 out there. They made their lows in November of 2008. That could be one. We could also come back here and say we could choose maybe the low from March of 2020. That would make some sense out there. We could use the low out here from December of 2018. What I would say the best thing to use when you get confusion like this I would say one of the best things to do is take a look at the expansion of the last set of swing points out there. So I take a look at the monthly timeframe chart out here, Duncan. I'm going to start with the high that's been taken out from March of 2021 high and take it all the way down to the low out of the October lows out here. And what we have is a 1.272 Fibonacci expansion that would get us up into the 450 area. So I think that's the first thing to take a look at. Now let's go take a look at the weekly time frame chart. This is for the Qs ETF. Here as I pull this back, you'll see that I've got rising price channels that take us back pretty far out here. Actually, I guess this was the rising price channel from March of 2020 out there. So as I take a look at those price channels out here, we are above the center or we're above the top of the first rising channel line out there. And then that price and that's solid green line. That's the exact distance of the first two lines out there. So that gives us quite a price projection. But here it's pretty easy to draw in an A to B equal CD pattern. We don't have to worry about going back to 2009. Instead, what we can do out here Duncan is take a look at the low out here. This is the A-point, October of 2022. The B-point out here is going to be the high from July of 2023 and the C-point is going to be a low out here of October of 2023. Now that's close to 0.382. It's actually 34% retracement out there. But this one to one and the B-point out here by the way, it had volume. This is the volume from July 17th 282 million shares out there. When this was passed it was passed with 232 254 216 209 last week 228. So how about that? That B-point volume still out here has been passed with volume. Doesn't mean that it can't go on to complete that one to one. But the price projection out there, Duncan, would get us up towards that 476 level that would get us up towards that next rising price channel line. And finally, let's look at the daily time frame. In the daily time frame out here, we've got a small A to B equal CD pattern. For that what we can use, you can use a couple of different ones. Let's look at the larger one in the daily time frame. The large one is going to use the swing point from October 26th. The B-point is going to be the high from December 28th. The C-point is going to be the low from January 5th. That's also less than 0.382 retracement out there. That's kind of a bummer, right? It is for Stevie because if you don't get a 0.382 retracement it says, well what else do you want? Where does that 1 to 1 take us to? How about the volume aspect of that? The volume was at swing point in December 28th. Short trading week of 27 million shares taken out last week with 70 million shares. That certainly was taken out with volume out there. That price projection would get you up to 465 out there. However, and I do mean however, why do you mean however, Stevie? I'm going to go ahead and put the cues. I should have done that before. I didn't, but we're going to do that now. We're going to go ahead and change screens out there. See what other signals that Duncan needs to be aware of other than just the A to B equals CD patterns. Turns out that on the daily time frame dunk we've got that Rosemont to indicator signal. And if we were to get a bearish reversal candle that would trigger a Rosemont to indicator top. Suggest price pulling back to 415.97. Weekly time frame as bullish as can be last week negating the TD 9 count top says it wants that higher. Both the weekly, the daily and the monthly each have rose Rosemont to indicator signals out there.  That's a cool thing about the roads. Momentum indicator signals because those get stretched and when they do confirm out there, you can see gigantic moves. In this case here, it could be a gigantic move to the downside. Is that what's likely going to happen? I'd have to define gigantic right now. We don't even have to answer that question because we don't have the signals to suggest that that is what's going to unfold out there. The most important thing to be watching right now is that daily time frame. If you were to get a bearish reversal candle, then we'd have to say, hmm, what else is going on? For example, is that possible today? It most certainly is. Why is that even possible, Stevie? Well, in the 30 minute time frame, the cues have topped at an all time high on their 30 minute chart with ATD 9 count bottom. No, what price is going to need to do to suggest to you and I that there's any traction at the downside is closed below 416.28 for trading just above its green awesome and change on. So the 30 minute signal has actually been neutralized as we speak right now. So I hope that gave you the analysis you were looking for on the cues out there. I know you also had a request to take a look at K. Oh, cold out here. Let's see if we can find where Stevie put that. That's not it. Maybe it's right here. Is this it? That's not it. Oh, I did do the cues. What was Stevie thinking? There we go. So now we take a K. Oh, out here. We've got this here. It's about 59 64. It's above profiles. It has a T nine count. It has a roadsman to Mindicator top out there. You know that suggests that Coca Cola wants to move back to further support was at 59 16 Stevo. So that's the place I think Coca Cole is headed to on a weekly base were trading below profile resistance at 59 82. So that supports the idea of a further pullback on the monthly time frame chart. We're just consolidating with that. So and you're right at the center. So that's in a resistance area. So I would say you're looking at a pullback towards 59 16. Now on a 30 minute time frame out here. What do we have? Yeah, the TD nine count top price below its breakout level support at 59 72. So that's ushering the idea of a further move lower. So hope that provided the information you were looking for for Coca Cola. We had a request take a look at E. G. Y. and he's looking for a long position out here. So we get back from this break. We'll try to figure that out. I don't see a bottom pattern as we speak on the daily time frame. You do have on the weekly time frame HD price pulling back into its fuller structured support zone or by zone. That's between 406 and 421 out there. We come back this break will further look at E. G. Y. 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In the Tigers Den you can look over the shoulders of Tom O'Brien and the other tfnn hosts while they analyze charts during their live Tiger TV programs and join an interactive trading community with hundreds of members exchanging ideas, interact with other Tigers and Tigresses as they share trading ideas, news analysis and discuss the market action all trading day, even at night and on the weekends. The Tigers Den and Discord is accessible on mobile or tablets as well. So it's always at your reach. To sign up today and become a part of this educational community of traders, just visit the front page of tfnn.com So look at the chart here for EGY that is a Valco Energy and the question that has been put to us is where is a long-term buy. So I'm going to come back and tell you I would look at the 406 area. So the monthly chart is below profile, below its oscillator and change line. So that suggests a potential possibility pulling back to there. We're trading below profile and a red oscillator change on the daily time frame. So that's what I think we're looking at out there. The other area you can watch out here may be the low of a few days ago, that Amer candle from the 17th out there. You know, if you close below that low, which is 413, that suggests lower price out there in that 406 area. So that's a quick peek in at the socks. That was the only index I was trading the downside when we began the show out here. It is trading the upside now. So we got everything trading the upside. Now in the case of the semiconductor, they do have a wave number seven signal as letter G. They've erosement to indicator signal out there. So that says a bearish reversal candle would identify at least a short-term top. Short-term top because the weekly negated is TD9 count top, but still has been strong out there, but the daily says perhaps caution over the next couple of days out there. Finally, let's close out the show by taking the EES mini. Let's look at its intraday charts. What do we have out here? What pops out to Stevie is the 30-minute time frame chart. The 30-minute time frame chart has got that erosement to indicator top. And it pulled price all the way back to its breakout level at 48, 77, 50. So if that level fails, if we start to see close below that, then what profiles might form? The two-hour time frame chart has erosement to indicator top. The five-hour chart still has a TD9 count top, but only gets negated when they close about 48, 87, 50. We have not seen that on a five-hour time frame. So there's reasons to simply be cautious out here. Maybe just a normal couple-day retracement. Maybe it's more than that. I don't know at this stage here. But right now the EES mini says caution on the five-hour, caution on the two-hour chart, caution on the 30-minute time frame chart, and watch at 48, 77, 50 level. Folks, thanks much for joining me on Magnificent Monday. Please have a great day, and I'll look forward to seeing you again on Terrific Tuesday. Take care, folks.


My name is Kaye Felix and I will come you to Kaye Felix Inspire. Always remember if you're coming here for the first time please don't forget to subscribe. Hit the bell icon so that you get notified whenever I post new videos. Please do stay tuned for more details in this video. We are going to have a hard talk with Bali. We are going to have a hard talk with Bali. That's our president. We fought for him, I fought for that president and no one can come here and tell me be patient when I want to say what I want to say off of my mind. I'm not looking for a job. I will never look for a job in government. The money that I make here is equivalent to the Zambian president's salary. I don't need a job in government but there are people. There are people that fought. There are people that that gave up their lives. People that died.  There were people that were ready to sacrifice their own lives so that Hagar in the Ichilema can liberate Zambia from criminals and gangs and political huri gangs. There are people that were ready to leave their homes and their wives and their children for Hagar in the Ichilema and they did and they did. Some of them were locked up for over a year in filthy prisons where they were beaten, where they were sodomized, there were people that were ready to die for Hagar in the Ichilema and there were people that have sacrificed for the last 20 years. 20 years is not a small number. Today you people you want to tell people to be patient. Yes, I agree. A lot of young people voted for Hagar in the Ichilema but those young people had to be mobilized by someone. Someone went to convince the young people to vote for Hagar in the Ichilema. It wasn't Bradford Machila. It wasn't some of these appointments that the president has made. No, we didn't see them. Where were they at? Where were they? Where were where were Topson Kunda? Topson Kunda in Mukush. He almost he was he was attacked. He was poisoned. He was poisoned. He almost died. He ran into the bush leaving his own home. Now Amovita was arrested for many months. Muchenica was running for their lives in the northern sector when they went to campaign. Our small contribution some of us that are in the diaspora were through money. We funded some of the people that the part UPNB couldn't fund directly from their coffers. We funded some of them directly. Okay, so don't come here and tell me that no there were so many youths who are quite out there. Yes, those youths were mobilized by people like Muari Teta, by people like Romeo Kangombe, by people like Muvita Nawa, by people like Geno Mosquito, by people like Ruth Banda Dante, by people a lot of people Muchenica. You have Marupenga. Marupenga spent day and night insulting the president, insulting Hagar in the Ichilema.   It takes a day. It takes an hour to fire Marupenga. It is not fair. We will speak for our brothers and sisters that fought this fight without fear of anyone of you and you can't you have you have no idea. Either way, which time can we give barry time? Which time? What's time? Why didn't you say that when Muari Teta spent one year in prison? Did you tell him to keep to give him time? What time are you talking about? What time? What time should we give bar? It's been over a month. When did bar get get get it's almost we're going to october. Bar was elected in august. August this is september. Finish finish Mulela and Daimuatino give barry time. Our friends can't speak for themselves because they were just looking for jobs. Yes they were looking for jobs. That's why they want to campaign. Why do you think they want to campaign? Why do you think those people want you think they want to campaign so that so that Bradford Machila can gain a job. Muziekara manzee ruimue. You will lose the election in 2026. What are you talking about? There's yes we agree. There are certain positions that must be given to people who are educated. We know that I'm educated myself. There are certain jobs that must be given to to to people that are educated. We get that. We know barry wants to balance things and shan shan. How long will that take? Your friends that died for you. Where was Bradford Machila? Where was Marupenga? Who's serving right now? Where was Kingsichanda?  Akainde Ichilema was running on the roof. Akainde Ichilema was running on the roof. Be patient. Be patient. Do you know how much people lost in their lives for the last 20 years? Do you know how much people have lost? We are asking him to appoint people that deserve to be appointed. What qualification as Bradford Machila has that Moriteta doesn't have. Bradford Machila was an MP and he was also a minister. Moriteta was an MP and he was also a minister. So what qualification? What experience does Bradford Machila has that Moriteta doesn't have? Don't come here and start saying no. Everyone there is a lot of youths that voted for Akainde. They can't be employed in government. We are not saying everyone should be employed in government. How do you think they're going to live their lives? How do you think they're going to Moriteta left his wife, his beautiful wife, his beautiful children to go and suffer for Akainde Ichilema. I'm not attacking Barry. I am not attacking Barry. I am saying things that are true. Me, I don't need a job from Barry. I don't need a job from Barry. I will say the truth. I will say the truth. Me, I will say the truth. I don't need a job from Akainde Ichilema. No, I don't. To where you could get out to where you never even voted for Akainde Ichilema, but it's too early. Too early you could. Where were you when people were dying? People were being killed at too early. What is too early? Someone has to speak the truth. Our friends, all these are friends that are UPND and they're scared of speaking for themselves. They're not going to speak for themselves because they'll be attacked by you people.  Every day of be patient, be patient, be patient. You be patient. Don't tell us to be patient. Patient, work with. Where was patient when Akainde was running on top of the roof, running away from PF cadders when they wanted to kill him? Where were you? Where were you? Where were you when body was running, when Akainde Ichilema was running for his life? Who protected him? It was when Romeo Kangombe. It was when these frontline fighters, these people protected Akainde Ichilema when you were enjoying your life in your home. Come here and tell me to chill, calm, to be patient. Patient, I quote. Patient, job and done. I'm not asking him to do anything that is out of the way. And let me tell you the truth. If he comes here and he's coming to the UPN in one week time, he's coming. I'm going to tell him that. I'm going to tell President Akainde Ichilema to his face what I'm saying. You think I'm scared of people? I'm not scared. But you're talking to where, where, where, did Bradford, did he spend one year in prison? Where did, where did he work? Did he spend one year in prison? Which prison did he go to? Who beat him up? Who beat, who beat Bradford Machila? These are the people who even destroyed PF. They did the same thing. When PF came into power, they all now became important. They became important. Everyone want to be an advisor to everyone, to people, people, people that worked for Akainde Ichilema. They are very obvious. Those were the front lines. Those were front liners. We always have front liners who fight and mobilize people. Akainde Ichilema, these people is appointing, they will, they will abandon him. They will abandon him. You keep this, keep this video. When, when his political fortunes goes away, five years from now, they will abandon him. Who will remain with HH? The, the same, Abenama Sojalesha, Abenama Aliteta, Romyokangombe, Mucheleka, Mubitanawa, all these, these people who fought for him, Topson Kunda and others who stood for him, they will be the ones standing with HH.


What kind of advice can you give as somebody is filling out their NCAA tournament bracket? I always say go against the teams that I pick. I haven't had a lot of luck, but my teams this year, I'm going Yukon. They're a tough team, obviously. My Tar yields are playing good. They're built for a deep tournament run. I like what we have. And then there's a lot of expectations on Purdue. I like Purdue, but my sleeper's Creighton. I think Creighton's a good team. They have Colt Brenner, one of the better defensive bigs out there. Those are my teams.