Test one, two. All right, I was just informed that I'm between you and lunch, so we'll start now. All right, my name's Brandon Phillips. I'm the CTO and co-founder of CoreOS. And I am here to talk to you a little bit about a project that we started called Rocket. I provided the URL right there. So you can look at the project right now, because I know half of the audience will be just wanting the URL. So there you go. There's a readme. Please check it out. If you don't want to read the readme right now, I'll talk about what we're actually doing with this project. So Rocket, we shortened it to RKT, because many good Unix commands are three letters, cat, git, vim, and rocket. And so I'm getting a little tap when I aspirate. Should I lower the mic? I'm going to do it. No worries. That's good enough. OK, thanks. And this is a single static binary that brings all the things necessary to run Rocket together into a single thing that you can run on your machine. So it runs on every platform with a modern Linux kernel. And we've tested it on, of course, CoreOS. It also runs on Ubuntu and Fedora. There's a bunch of rumors that we're going around when we started this project that it only runs on system D systems, which is incorrect. So in fact, I'm going to be doing all of my demos from a vagrant Ubuntu VM just to prove my point that this is not a CoreOS specific thing. All right, so it all begins with Rocket Fetch. Rocket Fetch does a few different things. It downloads and discovers images over the internet. And the goal of this is to make this a nonprivileged operation so that you can run Rocket Fetch as a non-root user. And then it can use either discovery images or discovery URLs, which I'll talk about in a moment, or direct HTTP URLs. So you can host the images that you run under Rocket on a regular HTTP server in Gen X or S3 or anything like that. There's no registry or special software required to do that. In fact, we do adorable little tricks so that even image discovery doesn't require a special registry. Again, I'll talk about that in the next section of the talk, which is about the specification behind Rocket. And then the next piece is Rocket Run. And so Rocket Run takes whatever the HTTP URL is and actually runs it as a process on your machine. So one of the major design things that we decided to do with Rocket is that we wanted it to be a direct descendant of the process that executed Rocket. So in the case of running it for the grand line, it's bash Rocket and then your application. In the case of running it under your init system, whatever it might be, it directly executes the container. This is important because we found that a lot of people are having a little trouble with Docker and integrating it with their existing init systems. And then also we have kind of a bootstrapping problem within CoreOS where we want to run certain things under a container, but we need to configure the networking daemon, for example, to be aware of a configure like an overlay network. And then we need to configure the Docker daemon. And we want the overlay network software to be running in a container itself. But we have this bootstrapping problem of we need to configure the Docker daemon using a container, which is external to the Docker daemon. Otherwise, we end up with multiple Docker daemons to configure the Docker daemon, which is not good. So Rocket, as I said, executes directly under the process. And in practice, the Rocket run command lines look something like this, where it's Rocket run, and then say coreOS.com slash etcd, and then a version number. And again, this magic where we take this URL and actually transform it and discover the HTTPS URL of the image is done all statically. Rocket is divided up into a few stages, actually. Let me skip ahead. I think I've now gotten myself a little disorganized here. So in the case of Rocket and all these and the specification that we're talking about, what we're trying to do is we're trying to take a number of processes and execute them inside of a container. How many of you are familiar with Kubernetes or the concept of pods? OK, so what we wanted to do with containers, that's OK, what we wanted to do with the containers that run under Rocket is we want to be able to do things like run multiple processes inside of a single container that's launched. So you could imagine, say, you're running a database server, and you want to have the actual database process, say Postgres, and then you also want to have a process in that container that's backing up the database server, say, to S3 periodically, or replicating that wall file off to a hot follower who may take over in case of hardware failure. So the idea is that within a single container, you can be executing multiple processes. And so you can imagine if you're running at CD again, you're running at CD and then you have something that's backing up at CD and then maybe also doing an HTTP health check that is on a loop and sending you an email in case at CD's misbehaving or has lost quorum. So this is the idea of Rocket, is that you run a container, but that container has multiple applications, multiple processes inside of it. So the Rocket binary itself is divided up into various stages. The first stage is what we call stage 0, which is the actual binary that you download from GitHub. And this downloads the image and sets up the root file system of the image that you've downloaded over the internet, verifies the image if you have GPG keys that you trust for certain software and does all that, essentially talking to the internet. And hopefully, if we design this whole thing right, we can use Unix permissions so this all happens. It's non-root. At some point, it needs to execute as root in order to do the kernel setup of namespaces and c-groups. And this is the next stage, which we call stage 1. Currently in Rocket, stage 1 executes a system D init system. So it has a PID 1 that's actively monitoring all the processes within the containers and setting up those namespaces. And we use system D. But other implementations have been prototyped and people are working on, you can imagine, enclosing the container in a QMU KBM process instead of a system D process or using another init system like RunIt or, sorry, if you're interested in doing that. But the idea is that within the container, you have an actively monitoring process that's monitoring all the applications that are running inside of it. And then stage 2 is the actual interesting bit, which is where it's executing your postgres application, your backup postgres application, all these things inside. And you can do things like attach restart policies. So say your postgres backup application crashes, you can say restart it, attempt to restart it. Every 100 milliseconds, if it fails to restart after five attempts, then kill it. I'll just not aspirate any words. And so you can essentially say what things are required to be running within the containers and set policies for tearing down the container if things happen that are unexpected. And then after the processes have all exited, you're optionally allowed to or given the ability to garbage collect. And since Rocket doesn't have a daemon, we have a command line subcommand called Rocket GC, which you could imagine running on a periodic timer or a cron job or something that goes through and garbage collects file systems for containers that are no longer needed. And you can set whatever policy you'd like on that sort of garbage collection. But it's not a daemon that's actively monitoring these container file systems. All right. So Rocket is an implementation of a specification that we've worked on with a number of people. We've had contributions from folks that like SoundCloud and, sorry. So you're off there, right? Sorry about that. Oh, no worries. Test one, too. We've had people helping us out on the spec from various companies. But the idea is that we wanted to define how containers should be put together, particularly these containers that have multiple processes within sight of them, and then enable people to have multiple implementations of this spec. Because we believe that the image and the runtime should be something that can be implemented by multiple folks. For example, the Mesos project really is interested in executing containers as fast as possible. And they're willing to put in the work to have optimized C++ code all over the place to do that. And they don't want to have a separate init system for every process. They want to have their own special tricks to make container execution really fast. And so they don't want a general-purpose container runtime. They want something built directly into Mesos. So you could imagine that they would want to take this spec and write a library to do that directly. And so this spec is definitely a work in progress. And we're actively taking contributions from a number of folks. And I encourage all of you to get involved. The other thing is that it's not just a spec, but actually live code. And it generates containers that can verify a runtime. So these containers run various tests to ensure that its environment's set up properly, the file system's set up properly. It's able to communicate between two processes using the file system, et cetera, et cetera, and generates those containers. So when people update the spec, they have to update the code at the same time just to ensure that we actually are developing something that can be transformed from human thought into machine code, which is important. So there's a few chunks of the spec. The first is the actual image format. And the image format essentially just contains all the files for the root file system. And then JSON manifest that describes the constraints, the isolation that should be put on the application, and where to find the process to execute. This is all enclosed in a tar and optionally compressed with gzip, bzip, or xc. And it's all addressed via a transport URL. So coro s.com slash xcd would be an example of that. And then images can have dependencies on other images. So you can imagine having an image that has all of your trusted certificate authorities, that you trust inside of your environment, and then including that into all of your downstream images. And that way, you've detached where your certificates are managed away from the applications. So you can update that certificate outside of your applications. You can also use it for things such as configuration where you want to generate a configuration container that, say, has passwords or API keys to your environment. And then the runtime has a number of things that it's in charge of. I mentioned that it monitors and restores processes as they've died. It can also execute one or more processes, one or more apps. And it can have a number of hooks that, as it responds to runtime events, say, we've specified things such as you're doing a migration, and so you want to run some sort of process inside the container before that migration happens. It may, say, deregister this container from a load balance server before spinning it back up or notifies the build server that there's going to be an additional delay for this build to happen, those sorts of things. And this is the diagram that I showed you earlier, but essentially the idea that you can have a container with multiple processes executing inside of it. The other piece that we thought was really important while we were thinking through this spec is we wanted to provide a metadata server specification. And the primary thing is that we wanted to have a way of extending trust and identity from the host down into the container. If you think about it, all of our Linux hosts have an identity that we trust. And that's generally the SSH server and the SSH key pair. But we haven't defined that for processes. So individual processes on our machine don't have identity. And this is a problem because a lot of our processes are network services, and they need to gather resources from other network services. And so we wanted to have a very minimal signing and verification metadata server so that a process could make a network call to an IP address and port that is trusted, that it's given via an environment variable, and then be able to verify using cryptography the identity of other processes that may be making network requests. And it's essentially a bare minimum HMAC service where the process doesn't have access to the private key that's being used. So the identity server and the metadata server, I thought, I think are rather fundamental things that exist in other large organizations, but we haven't really defined as a community for processes yet. The other piece is the image discovery piece. So coros.com.scd is the name of the application container image, but it's not actually hosted at coros.com. It's hosted at github.com. Slash, lotta, lotta, slash releases. And so what we do is we've defined a HTTP HTML head section, a meta section, so that you can say, so it makes a query to coros.com. It looks in the head section of the HTML at coros.com. It says, OK, there's a discovery location for this container name, and it says that it's over at github. And so we can redirect you to S3 buckets or anything like that, just very similar to how Golang does their stuff. So when you have a Golang package, you can say, host it on your personal domain, example.com. But the actual bits are hosted at github.com. But the canonical name is example.com. And that's how we have built the image discovery process. So it looks something like this within the meta tag on your HTML pages. It's templated using one of the RFC templating languages. So it's like github.com, slash version, whatever. And then as I mentioned, it's not just code, it's not just a human readable spec. There's actual code to back it up. And we have a tool called ACTool that can do things like build, validate, and discover images so that you can ensure that as we add additional implementations of this app container spec that they actually all play together nicely and conform to the spec as it evolves. All right, so the two projects are github.com, slash corals, slash rocket, and then github.com, slash appc, slash spec. I'm gonna go through and do a few demos really quick just so that we have a concrete idea of what we're talking about here, and then we'll call it a show. Do I have any quick questions before I dive into demos? Okay, I will, let's see, is this being recorded? Is this being recorded? Okay. Well, could somebody hold the microphone actually for me? It's gonna be really hard to type. Okay, so as I said, this is everyone's, okay, good. So this is an abundance machine running Rocket, of course it could be corals or anything else. And so what we can do here is I can do, so I can say things like sudo rocket run corals.com, slash scd, and then I can give an explicit version tag, and one of the things in the specification is that you can have an arbitrary number of tags, so you can imagine saying canary equals true and environment equals NZ or whatever. But the two tags are name and version, and we have a shorthand for that. And what this does is it'll go off to the internet and actually download the image and discover where the image is hosted, if I have internet. That might be a problem. I'm getting it and brought that. Oh, okay. But it's 30 minutes. Okay, well, okay, so I guess I had an image cached on my machine and DNS timed out, so awesome. So what happened is that it went through and found the image and then launched it, and so this process is, this etcd process is now running on my host. Similarly, I could have launched this container using an HTTP URL. So this is the image that would have been discovered via the discovery process, github.com slash corals, etcd releases, download, et cetera, et cetera. And so this template was filled out after downloading the homepage of corals.com and stripping out that head thing. And so this will work similarly because we add a bunch of secondary indexes based on the crypto hash of the image, based on the HTTP URL it was downloaded from, and then from the discovery URL slug corals.com slash etcd. So there's various ways of addressing the image based on essentially your security stance. The crypto hash is obviously the most secure if you want to write down in a configuration file or something, run this image. Obviously you want it to run from the crypto hash because that's the actual image that you want to be running. And then the other nice thing about the specification and how this stuff works is that I'm running the Python simple HTTP server on this host also and I'm able to host the ACI over there without the use of any fancy registry software or something. And we can kind of cruise through the format of the ACI. So I'll remove these things. So the ACI is a regular tarball. So you can extract it using tar and it has a JSON manifest that has some pretty simple sections to it. So the manifest is versioned and has a kind and all that stuff. But then it has an application section which is an optional section describing how the application is actually to be ran. And it's the usual things that you'd expect, environment variables, mount points, that sort of stuff. And then this is where we get into the labels where you can define what operating system it's supposed to be targeted for, what the architecture is, what the name of it is and the version. And the reason this app section is optional is because as I mentioned, you may have container images that are just configuration or just like SSH or SSL certificate authorities that you trust. And then the root of S itself is what you'd expect. It contains the actual binaries that are executable and then an empty Etsy host file. So that's the basic format and layout of the app container images themselves. And this format is pretty concrete at this point, but we're interested in adding new formats. One of the things that I'm interested in is extending the tarball format to be streaming so that you can imagine that you could stream the image using a fused file system and launch a container before the container has actually been downloaded. And that's something that we've started to spec out. And this has got some interesting challenges because tar is probably the worst format ever made by humanity. And it's not really anybody's fault, it's just how it evolved. But it doesn't really have the properties that you need for a streaming format. So you end up having to create a secondary index and then signing that secondary index. And it's a bit of an interesting problem, particularly when you consider that what we do with these tar files is that we compress them, which kind of scatters the problem even further because we have no top level section of the file that we can expect to have all the metadata. So we need to download blocks all over the place and then uncompress those blocks in order to find where the metadata is. So if anyone has some great ideas or an alternative file format to tar that's been more or less standardized across a bunch of tooling, I'm open to suggestions and no zip doesn't work. Yeah, so that's the specification and rocket in a nutshell. So I have five minutes left and I'm happy, thank you for holding a mic. And I have five minutes left for questions. So when you're running multiple processes and do you just, like an aspect, you just create multiple things in the JSON for each one? Oh, yes, that's a great question. So there's two ways to do it. Essentially you would add additional, well, I can't type. Anyways, essentially like rocket run and then corals.com slash scd and then space corals.com slash scd backer upper tool. And those would just be both specified on the command line. There's also a JSON format. If you have more complex requirements, say you have like three volumes that you need to be mounting, you have some more complex network setup and you need the containers to be isolated in a certain way from each other. Like one container gets a gig of RAM and the other container gets two megs. If you have that sort of level of complexity, doing it from the command line is really hard. So we punt to having, you have to provide a JSON document that describes the container that you actually want to be running. Yeah. So to generate the ACI image, do you have a, okay. Do you have any equivalent of a Docker file that you just one file and you give it and it generates the ACI from a tree? So we haven't done that and part of the reason we haven't done that yet is because we wanted to enable multiple ways of building things. So people have built tools that take a Docker image and convert it to an ACI, which is sort of a trivial task from converting a JSON format to another JSON format and then flattening the image. But we wanted the spec to be kind of agnostic to how you build it because we think that there's a lot of interesting innovation that can happen around how images get built. You can imagine language specific tools like a Python specific build tool that takes your requirements.txt file or whatever it's called and transforms that into a standalone container image. And so I think over time we'll kind of see a proliferation of additional tooling. I think the Docker build stuff's great, but it has limitations. And particularly when you start to think about things like doing go static binaries, the build process becomes very, very simple and fast and can be done from hosts that aren't actually running the container runtime. For example, I can build and cross compile and build an ACI for a go static binary on my OSX machine that runs just fine on my Linux host. And so I think there's a lot of interesting stuff that happens there and that's why we didn't define, say, how it gets built. We defined what the build access should look like. And we of course are interested in evolving that to make sure that it meets everyone's requirements too. The spec is definitely still under construction. Yeah. Oh, sorry, sorry. Hey, Matthew. So the spec describes you have support for PGP signing of images in order to verify provenance. And is there any kind of support for chains of trust rather than merely a static list of keys? So yeah, so like X509 chains of trust. There's not right now. Essentially, I'd be happy to add something like that. I think that people in general have extremely hard time managing certificate authorities. And I'd like to see if we can do something better than like saying, yeah, just use the open SSLX509 tool and then good luck. So I'm totally open to having a hierarchical thing. It's just, I didn't feel like anything was the right answer right off the bat besides GPG. And there's kind of a history of using GPG for signing software in the open source community. So I thought it was an okay thing to do. Totally willing to have the discussion though about what a better tool would be. Yeah, so the Docker sort of approach to managing containers is to have like a Docker engine. So it appears to me that you have the opportunity with the spec to have a container managing an image running potentially more than one process. The Postgres instance was a good example of that. Now in Postgres, you have a number of child processes that are running logging and replication and what have you. So do you have, or do you see separate engines or container run times for each image running the container in their own process space? Yeah, so how it's implemented today, essentially every container has a PID-1 which is a full init system. So that PID-1 is actively managing that container. There's no API though, so once the process gets launched the process is launched. So there's no API to say stop this container, we rely on your existing init system to do that. So in a way, there is an engine within the spec because we say that you have to actively monitor processes. Now whether that means that it's implemented as Rocket is today, where there's a direct descendant of processes or if it's implemented how like the Docker engine is implemented or LXD is implemented where there's a daemon that you talk to and then the processes exist under that. I think it's an implementation detail. So you don't see multiple Rocket instances running on a single host? There'll always be multiple Rocket instances running on a single host because of the fact of how Rocket works.  But you can imagine if we'll call it Fubar for creativity. If somebody implemented the app container spec in their Fubar project, you can imagine that there's a Fubar D and there's only one of those per host and that actively monitors the set of processes that exist in a container. So there's only like one process monitor for that entire host for the Fubar D. It's just a difference in implementation design decisions, whether it's a standalone container runtime or whether it's a container runtime with a engine of some sort. So you have one monitor? Yeah, one monitor, yeah, yes. I think there's, do we have time for one more? Sorry, one more. Are you doing anything to approach storage problems that Docker have, like detachable and identifiable storage volumes? Yeah, so there's the concept of volumes and mount points within the spec. We decouple the two. So within the spec, the runtime sets up a volume. So that could be, we'll say for example, a host volume. So a bind mount point. And then the containers have a set of, the container images define a set of names and then destinations for those names. So say you have the backer upper tool, it just generically has a named mount point called backup. And you could point that at say, varlib Postgres or varlib MySQL. And it doesn't really matter. The backer upper tool just knows that it needs to rsync some directory to some other host or S3 or whatever. So we've decoupled the concept of the volume from the mount point in which that volume is attached to the containers. And the API is that the mount points are stable names that the containers should hold on to across multiple versions. So backup name in this case. But it's okay if that backup directory it's implementation specific inside the container image. Okay. Make it quick. Okay, that's great. I only wanted to ask a little bit. Can I use your discovery system for volumes? So yes, for containers. Yes. So you can use an image as a volume. So yes. Cool. Lunch. All right. Thanks. All right, I think we're never good. Thank you, Brandon. Yeah. Thanks. And just a quick FYI, Brandon and a couple of others will be back at 4.25 for the closing panel for this mini conch. Now it's lunchtime. I think everyone's on their own for lunch. Is that right? So I think everyone's on their own for lunch. We'll be back here at 1.20. Andrew Boag or Boag, my apologies for messing up your name. We'll be talking about AWS.


Welcome to Watch It Weekly Wednesday, I'm Jill and I'm gonna show you this fun technique with motion. We're gonna make motion slim cards and I want to show you a card that I made with this runner and I was like I want to make him running like moving and so I went ahead and made this one with a slit in it and so he is moving by himself so you know he can go backward and forward and my grand kids love this so I want to show you a card done with the legendary ride suite and making this and showing you the technique of making this. So we're gonna first use our stamp and trimmer. I'm gonna use foam adhesive strips and they come like in a long sheet and I just cut them and let me show you how to do this so we're gonna first make our slit. This was a mistake right here this was like my first attempt at this technique and I made the slit too narrow so I'm gonna go ahead and put this on my trimmer here and I'm gonna go to the one inch line with this side of the card so I'm gonna take the actual blade and I'm gonna look down at my card and I'm gonna say okay I want to do a half an inch in so I'm gonna go ahead and take this little line right here and start with a half an inch in and I'm gonna press down and it will go through the card and then I'm gonna go all the way to this half inch line to from the zero to right here and I'm gonna stop there so right there. Then I'm gonna move this over three eighths so one two three and I'm gonna make another line so if you can look right here I've got one two three eighths and I've lined that up now I'm gonna go ahead and flip that over right where it was before and push it down go all the way across again to the half inch line again and I'm gonna open that up okay then I'm gonna take just little snips and I'm gonna snip these two so that we have that channel made for our card and if they don't match up it's okay they can have a diagonal at the end it doesn't matter so I've got my channel for my motion and all you're gonna do is measure this and do it a quarter of an inch smaller so I have a top piece right here and then a bottom piece so it's just perfect because it goes right there on the top and the bottom so let me go ahead and put those on it's the ready to ride DSP paper I love it because it goes so good with this sweet there's so many different designs and I already ran this through this metal pale eight 3d folder and it's one of our silver foils so we've got the slit there and now we're ready to go ahead and stamp I'm using stays on to get bright black on here just checking to see I've got it and I go ahead and stamp this part of the motorcycle down and then I'm gonna do ready to ride it's your birthday right here okay I'm gonna go ahead and punch the ready to ride it's your birthday because I'm gonna kind of attach it to the motorcycle and I'm gonna go ahead and do this it doesn't matter if the the bottom part is perfect on this because it's gonna go behind the motorcycle I went ahead and punched out the lasting label punch and cutting this out with the dye machine and it's the ready to ride dies I ran the flames through and this part of the dies too and this is fun because it just cuts out just the chrome and I went ahead and use some of that silver and you can see right here the silver it's kind of like got a little purple tint to it this is then the silver DSP it's got three different brightnesses of silver if you look on the back I attached everything to the back and the reason why is because when we pull this to go ahead and run it through to give the motion that's why we want everything attached so let me show you how I attach it for the motion okay we've got our card right here and we've got this so we're gonna want it to go right in this slot I'm gonna put my motorcycle right where I want it and then just open the card and kind of grab it from the sides and I'm really looking at the wheels so I'm gonna grab one of these and I kind of want it to only go where the wheels go so I'm gonna go ahead and put this all the way through to where the circle part of the wheels go and then I'm gonna cut it because I don't want it to go all the way to the end of the wheel so let me show you that so it goes like this and then you're gonna peel that off and once it's peeled off I'm gonna go ahead and put it through on this side now I have to have something on the other side to be the buffer and that's what this is it's just a half an inch piece and it's gonna go ahead and actually it's more like three-quarter percent inch and it's gonna go on the back side of the card so we're gonna go ahead and put this through in the slit oops we don't want to get the adhesive on there just yet and then we're taking this piece and just putting it in the center and this makes it so it can go back and forth on our card so we've got that motion going now how can we do that if somebody doesn't know that that's it well I went ahead and took a little bit of window sheet and I'm gonna go ahead and use a glue dot on both sides of the inside of the window sheet and it's gonna create that motion for our card so just doing a dot and then I will go ahead and put that inside that area because it's clear it's not gonna show and then they can grab that and make the motion go back and forth so right on it's your birthday look how cool that is let me show you a couple different options and that's the way it looks from the back this one right here was done with just an exacto knife so I did the first one on one side and tried to do the second one it was a little bit harder to do you had to have a shorter piece of the foam going there so it can do that but went ahead and did that it was just like an experiment but I really like this one where it just goes straight back and forth and that's the way it also goes with the little runner so here's the first card that kind of got me the inspiration and isn't it fun to be able to to do that interaction with the movement back and forth instead of having it just like this it's just really fun to be able to have that motion in your cards hope you've enjoyed our slim card ideas with the motion if you like any of these products click the links below so hope you've enjoyed our watch weekly Wednesday and we'll see you next time


How do you evaluate tonight? Yeah, just didn't make good pitches. I felt like I was in good counts to get some outs, but just didn't make good enough pitches and ended up giving up five runs. Why do you think execution was a problem at times? It was just one of those things tonight. Just got to be better next time out. I mean, three run homers for a lefty, that's just unacceptable. So I'll try to be better next time out. At the same time, do you like the way these guys lifted you up, the offense coming up? This has been, you know, I was just talking to Jay about it. It's been unbelievable to watch with this bunch of guys I've been doing, just the grittiness, you know, the way we play in the game, the defense, you know, playing the game the right way. It's been fun to watch.  The majority of the guys in this room that are playing right now, we're not expected to play a role this early, but still you're finding a way to get it done. Yeah, I mean, that's just, that's part of sports. It's part of, you know, being a professional team and, you know, it's next man up, you know, nobody's gonna feel sorry for us. Nobody's gonna hang their head. It's up to us to go out and play well and try to keep this thing rolling.


So what can you be speaking here, cruel lady, by revealing a sight that is of the rarest beauty, your underarm? Did you have a thing that you would actually be reading poetry about the beauty of your underarm and that too written by one of the most famous Sanskrit poets of all times?  We literally only like on average about 5% of ourselves the rest we have a problem with and just think, how can you ever learn to love anyone if you cannot even begin to like yourself? So we're going to break that cycle. True self-love starts today and it starts with the underarm and if you're still going ugh because you think this is also sweaty and horrible, come on, get real. A little bit of soap and water will fix that instantly, so freshen up and then go figure out why the kamasutra says that this part of you is so sexy.


Last year, April, we lost a friend and a colleague, New York sports photographer, Anthony Cosy. He passed away due to complications from COVID-19. And earlier today, the Yankees honored Cosy with this plaque. His family was on hand, wife Romina and two children. And as the plaque says, he may be gone, but his images will indeed last forever. I think I speak for everyone in the New York sports community when we say, we miss you, Anthony. No doubt about that. Thank you so much for those stories. We'll see you throughout the day here on yes and on the yes app. And what a meaningful and beautiful gesture by the Yankees to Anthony and his family. Fantastic gesture by the Yankees and Bob. Anthony had this magnetic personality. I had the opportunity to travel to Taiwan with a Major League Baseball All-Star Tour in 2011 because Cano and Granderson were on the trip. Anthony was on that trip and you want the players that you cover. You want them to respect you and to trust you. And Anthony just had this personality where everyone trusted him. And he was always such a good guy in looking out for everyone else. That is a wonderful gesture, but I miss talking to him and I miss seeing his pictures in the newspaper. Yeah, Anthony was one of those guys when you saw him around the stadium, whether you were a player or a broadcaster, like he would make you feel better about yourself when you walked in because he had such a presence about him. Jack, you mentioned that you could trust him. He was one of those people and one of those photographers that in a routine of every day where players see so many photographers, Anthony just was different and that's what made him great.


Right, the sun is shining. I'm at Obama whole new golf swing today for the average golfer and that means we're gonna get this Ping G4 10 driver back out and see if I can put a few different swings on it and see if it makes a difference to performance I'm gonna stick it right up against my G400 max out here on the course Starting off at the driving range.  What is the ultimate result? Will my opinion change? What do you want me to find out?  I've got to say about the G4 10. I've got that a little bit out the bottom So I'm expecting the difference that we've seen here G4 10 just behind me G400 max maybe did it by about 10 yards, but purely based on strike So a little bit of an advances down G400 max, but like they're purely based on where that definitely come out The bottom grooves for the G4 10 and I have to say to be fair The performance you've got for the strike I put in or at least where he is on the club base has pretty impressed with that So first in nothing to split up. That's as good as I've got with a G400 max There's nothing much in them to like I said to be fair both of them are as good as I can put a ball on club when it comes To drive it or club on ball even Little bit more cut slightly higher ball flies But again, I'll be down to strike a thing But let's see how they separate in terms of where they landed Really interesting one and a huge difference in terms of where they finished up There was a higher ball flight with the G4 10 which is finished here and I'm more than take that any day of the week, but the G400 max Is probably good 20 to 30 yards further on now. Obviously it's down to strike Could also to do with the actual trajectory and ball flight So it was a flatter ball flight with the 400 max. It was definitely higher launching with the G4 10 But as far as strike for me and the swing I put on them It was like I said as good as I've got I take any of them I'm really shocked at that in terms of distance where that's maybe again It's a bit more fair way and run out. I don't know but on that shot there G400 max has done it by a mile Right before we go too much further Let's talk about how these things differ in looks and why one might appeal and the other may not in terms of What you like to see at address Different crown altogether Turbulates still exist on both of these in terms of when I talk about turbulence I'm talking about the The almost like fan grooves that you see on the top line But the dragonfly technology as they called it on g400 max in terms of what you can see basically on the top the raised pattern That's disappeared. It is built in within the crown finger saying but they've constructed a whole new different sort of Shape at the back end of this club Again, it's quite nice. It sort of drags the whole club away. It's a smaller head profile But a chunkier head profile I would say so when you look at the two And if I can get those one is a lot of g400 max seems to be Sleek and almost thinned out at the back end G4 10 just a little bit chunky and again You see that weight distribution element in the back of the g4 10 is built in that bulk at the back end I mean in all honesty, there is not a lot to separate them in terms of looks. It's what appeals to you personally G400 max is just that bigger profile and might just inspire a little bit more confidence in those who need it And like to see that big club head behind a ball at address Right another two t-shirts you've seen there off the six and it's a massive difference, you know It's obviously the combination so far at it seems to be so different in terms of what I said from the initial video Both decent strikes. There's a higher ball flight without doubt that I'm getting out of the g4 10 That's where this has landed it was a perfectly good shot. Happy with it. It was a bit cutting Which was the shape of this hole but the g400 max For me, I don't know why I'm getting such different numbers, but that's another 30 40 yards on down the fairway Um, so yeah, I mean obviously a lot down to do with strike, but I'm just getting far better Distance control feel It's still out this g400 max at the minute. I can't see how that's going to change too much Okay rolls reverse then it just shows again Whatever swing you put onto these things is always going to have the biggest impact on performance This g4 10 drive that I ate is probably the best drive of it all day It's absolutely nailed it and it's going to fair all long way I'll pull the other driver with the side of the some water to my to my right and It was probably a good 15 yards 20 yards shorter than what the g4 10 is. So like I said complete roll reversal And just shows how much difference is really in these two drivers Maybe none at all judging by what's happened there in those two different shots that you've seen previous shot g400 max Unbelievably longer than the g4 10 and on this that comes a complete roll reversal And again all about strike and all about the quality of the swing that people at our level managed to put on them Right. Okay. So a summary on the heads ahead and it was a really interesting test for me because the the one thing I wanted to do is make sure that both clubs were given a fair chance And I have put I've drove the ball as good as I have done for a long long time out in the course of Obama today and you'll see that in the nine old vlog that I was filming alongside this with the g400 max But head to head what would I say there's not a lot to separate them clearly I mean for me on a personal level I still felt a lot more confident with the g400 max behind the ball And I still felt so I could do with it what I wanted to when I was trying to put that swing on it g4 10 Acoustics were slightly better today because I clearly found a lot more of the middle of the club But then that would worry me because There was a drive early on where I hit out the bottom and again it felt really hard Um, I think it's very much for me My summary of my overall opinion would be this I would not change my g400 max for the g4 10 No way would I do that? Uh, however, I think that's very much a personal thing I love that driver And I think that for you if you're considering buying driver then yet try the g400 max Try the g4 10 because that's all that matters really is that my strike's always going to be variable just like yours And it's important that you try it Form your own opinion But I hope it's give a better assessment a fairer assessment in this head-to-head at a g4 10 and g400 max, right?  Thanks for watching. Uh, let me know what you think of Obama Which is where this has all been filmed from I'm doing a little bit of a course vlog like I said along the way More videos to come from here over the next few days as well. So thumbs up. Thanks for watching and I'll see you soon I'm going for a pint


In this discussion we will discuss the discussion question of discuss the journal entry related to payroll expense. So when we think about the journal entry related to payroll it can be one of the more confusing payroll or more confusing journal entries in general. The one related to payroll expense typically being the most confusing of the payroll journal entries and the one that's most common. It's important to note those or it's good to work the payroll journal entry one because it's really good practice to know how to record journal entries because it's a bit longer of a journal entry and two it gives us an idea of how to record the payroll tax and how it's actually going to affect the accounts that will be affected and three because most people that work in payroll or a lot of times you know depending on where we work in payroll people don't understand the journal entry they understand tables they understand how to calculate the payroll tax don't really understand what it means typically in terms of what's going to be the impact and effect on the financial statements on the accounts to the financial statements on the accounting equation assets liabilities and equity and that can be a huge advantage to know that and we can see that and find what that will be by recording the journal entry. So the journal entry will typically come from the register so we'll typically have a register per pay period and that'll give us a basically a table of what happened in terms of the pay period. Now we could record a journal entry for each employee but we're just going to think of it in some meaning we're going to look at the register and look at the gross check for all employees and then we will look at the withholdings for all employees and then the net check for all employees and see how then we would construct and create a journal entry related to that information. It's also important to note that whether we do the payroll in uh in-house in our company in the system that we are using or if we uh outsource the payroll in some way to an outsourcing company like a paychecks or an ADP then we're still going to have to record the payroll in some way and so it's it's useful to know what that process will be we'll have to deal with payroll and look it up and deal with it whether we insource outsource payroll or not so um and just another good reason to look at the payroll journal entry. So once we have that information from the register we could start to build our our journal entry. Now if we think about the the most simple type of payroll journal entry it would simply be it like if we didn't have all the rules and withholdings that we needed by legislation and law now if payroll was just a simple handshake and says we're gonna i'm gonna pay you you know a thousand dollars every week or something like that then the payroll journal entry would be just like any other expense it would be very easy in other words we would just say we're gonna pay someone cash and credit cash at the point of payment and we would debit uh payroll tax expense it'll be just like paying the telephone bill or something like that be very easy but it's not so easy because there's a whole lot of laws and regulations related to payroll and the employer is typically the one who kind of is forced legally to be more of like the police person in terms of payroll taxes more of the regulator because the IRS knows they have more control uh they hand over the over the employer uh and so they therefore the employer has more responsibility to um to report withholdings things like even though they're really the employee's responsibility that's what's going to confuse the process here so when we construct the journal entry we'll start kind of from the same spot we're going to say okay the gross earnings are what they actually earned that's what they actually earned gross earnings just like if we were to use our simple journal entry we're just going to debit gross earnings because it's an expense so we're going to debit payroll tax payroll expenses not taxes payroll expenses debit for uh total earnings from the register that's the same we're going to credit cash or payroll liability depending on if we're paying it at the point of processing or not i'm just going to say cash so that we can think of it as similar to that normal journal entry but we don't know what the amount is or i'm not going to think about the amount yet i'll do that last that'll be the last thing we'll get to we'll construct the journal entry in a similar way as seen on the register meaning gross pay minus all the deductions including uh payroll tax deductions so therefore we're going to start with the the wages expense and then we're going to then credit all the all the stuff that we take out of wages expense so we're going to take out of wages expense the employee portion of the um employee portion of taxes payroll taxes so employee payroll taxes include federal income tax f it social security tax for the employee portion and medicare tax from the employee portion now we will have already calculated these hopefully from the register so we're just going to pull those numbers from the register we're going to credit our journal entry for those amounts those amounts that we are removing from the paycheck those amounts that on our register are part of the component to get from gross pay to net pay then on top of that we may have some state taxes s it state income tax uh and local taxes we won't spend a lot of time here on that we're going to focus in on the federal taxes states taxes will typically mirror in many ways the the federal taxes so once we know what type of tax we're talking about then we can apply it to whatever state regulation is in place then we could also remove anything that's going to be like voluntary type of of deductions which could include things like if there's a retirement plan of some kind like a 401k plan being the most common or if there's a cafeteria plan some kind of health insurance payments that could be taken out and those typically are going to be voluntary meaning we're given the option of the employee to put into a 401k plan typically a huge benefit because it lowers the taxable wages at the point of payment of the 401k typically so that's nice and in the cafeteria plan so those are optional ones and then there could be things like a garnish man or something where we where we are required by say a court order to take money directly from the employee paycheck and pay it to whoever the court told us to pay it to and there could be something like union dues also or something like that that we're going to pay out all those that we're going to withhold whether whether it be a 401k plan whether it be a cafeteria plan whether it be garnishments that we have to remove are going to be some type of liability account so we're going to credit a liability account for each of those numbers represented on the payroll register so we'll have a credit for all of those and then finally our last account is going to be a cash account that's going to be the cash that's going to come out or a liability for payroll liability we're going to use cash here and and that'll be the net check so that's kind of like the idea of the net check that's going to be that's going to be what actually came out of the bank account for this time period and that will be the debit of payroll expense minus all of the liabilities that we put in place including social security, Medicare, federal income tax withholding if there's any 401k plan the cafeteria plan if we have to pay the union if we have to pay garnishments or anything like that and that'll be the credit that actually comes out and that number should then match what's on our payroll register for the net check so that's in essence going to be our our journal entry and it should mirror the calculation for the payroll register now what's going to be the effect of this journal entry on the trial balance we know that the the debit to payroll expense is going to increase expenses and an increase to expense will decrease net income so expenses go up net income goes down and then all the other accounts are typically well then cash goes down of course if we paid cash or payroll liability would go up if we had not at this point then we'd pay cash later and then all the liabilities would then go up so so the other all those liabilities would go up reflecting the fact that we owe this money and that's important to note because clearly when we record the expense we recorded it gross all the expense we didn't record an expense equal to the net check that we paid we record an expense equal to the gross check and that's because we don't get to keep the money we've got to pay the money to whoever and we don't really owe the money the employee in theory kind of owes the money so we have to pay the money whoever we agreed to pay on behalf of the employees so that's why we report really gross earnings on the expense side and then we pay for the employees and so that can be confusing because when we think of payroll tax expenses on the financial statements they're not they're they're they're only going to include the employer portion note that we don't have any payroll tax expense account recorded on our financials from this journal entry the payroll tax expense will be recorded when we record the employer portion of payroll tax payroll taxes when we record the employee journal entry we're just recording all expenses whether they be going to the employee or to the whoever the employee owes including the government has payroll expense because they're really earnings by the employees whoever they're going to is is is different so we're reporting as the expense whatever was earned not who they're who they're going to


Hello children, I am back with one more activity today. We are making a chick with the help of folk and yellow paint So as you can see, I am holding a paper and I had made a circle Maybe it is not visible to you, but I had made it for my reference because we are going to make a circular chick and You can see I have used red color for the beak and two eyes. I had made So we are going to dip folk in the yellow paint Don't make it a very thin paste. Okay We required a thick paste of yellow color and you have to randomly do the impression of Folk on the paper dip in the paint and randomly place it Inside the circle. It is a very nice fine motor developing activity as it will strengthen your pincer grip We are applying pressure Through this finger which is very helpful to the children at the time of writing So you can see the mark of the folk is coming very beautifully on the paper We are done with this activity. Now next time Using the glue to stick the beak into pasted here Slowly be careful. The last step is we are going to Stick the eyes. Is it looking like a small cute chick and one more thing is left Okay, I am going to draw the legs of the chick So it is a very nice activity which you can perform at home Okay, so try At home and show it to your friends and family. Bye


When we think of forests, we think of the air that we breathe. We think about the water we drink and the energy we need. We think of magnificent places where so many creatures live in Rome, a place that quietly tucks away carbon, keeping the planet and the climate in balance safe from an impending storm. But when we think forests, we must remember to think about so much more. Think shelter and families, food to be harvested and grown. Think of knowledge, technologies and ideas, the things that we don't yet know and the jobs. Lots of jobs, sustaining economies for a sustainable planet for the young and old, rich and poor, men and women. Because when we think of forests, we need to remember to think of people and the generations to come.


This is JSATV, the newsroom for tech and telecom professionals. I'm Dean Perine and welcome to JSATV. We are coming at you live from the show floor in our nation's capital, Washington, D.C., at the Channel Partners Evolution Show. And I am here with my, should I say old friend now, Ken? Absolutely. Okay, I'm here with my old friend, Mr. Ken Adams, and he has a new title. He is now the director of Solutions Marketing with Net Sapiens. Ken, welcome once again to JSATV. Absolutely. Thanks for having me again. I enjoy this every time that we do this together. I like it too, my friend. So how's the show going for you? The show is going great. This is actually the first time we've exhibited at this show and the response so far has been phenomenal. Outstanding. So lots of great networking. Tell me everything. Oh, great networking. We already have a couple of opportunities. Going to do a live demo tomorrow of our platform for a potential customer. We've got some new product rollout that we're going to be showing some people here and just trying to see what we can do in this marketplace. Outstanding. So you're segueing better than I could possibly by myself. So for our viewers that don't already know, why don't you tell them a little bit about Net Sapiens? Sure. Net Sapiens has been around for 10 years. In fact, we're doing our birthday party October 10th. Happy birthday. Thank you. Out in La Jolla, California, in our new offices. And what we do is we provide a UC platform to enterprise space and to service providers. And our big claim to fame is our licensing difference. The way that we charge for our platform, I'm not going to talk about that here. Come and see me. You heard it here first or you didn't hear it here first. You got to come and talk to my friend Ken. So Ken, what's the latest and greatest coming out of the newsroom? Obviously, you've got the big birthday bash. What else? We have our next release coming out in approximately three weeks. Some big feature sets in there. Our WebRTC integration is going very well. So you're going to see some news releases and some press out there about that. So look for that in the next month. Very good. Ken, thanks as always for joining us. I appreciate it. Thanks, Dean. I appreciate it. You got it. You got it. And thank you viewers for watching JSA TV. We will see you soon.


Hey everyone, welcome back to the Prime Five, your five biggest Nintendo news stories in the last 24 hours. If you enjoyed this video, I would appreciate it if you would like and subscribe. We are getting really close to 80,000 subscribers. I would love to have all of you as part of the Nintendo Prime gang. That being said, today Square Enix has put on a major news event. We have a new Pokemon revealed for Scarlet and Violet that's giving me nightmares. We have updates for Splatoon 3 and so much more. Without further ado, let's get into the news. Our first story deals with a brand new glitch discovered in Splatoon 3 over the Splatfest weekend and this glitch has to do with how the bucket works, the sloshers, even ink being thrown with the rollers because there's a massive glitch in the game allowing people to take out other players through obstacles which shouldn't be possible. So using the sloshing machine is the easiest way to experience the glitch. So you can throw a paint and hit people through obstacles, be it certain standalone structures, but definitely through the floor if you're underneath them or through the bottom of bridges. People have also been able to do this throwing paint with the rollers. It does seem to be a mechanical bug that's specific to how paint is thrown rather than shot out of a normal weapon. You cannot make this bug happen with any weapon that shoots paint only with weapons that throw it. Now that this is being publicized, again, I would expect a pretty big patch next week. They already have a patch rolling out this week to fix a temporary immunity bug and fix it so people actually get their Super C snails for participating in the last weekend's Splatfest whether you played one match or many. Something get them, but this is now going to be fixed this week. So hopefully next week they release a patch to address this because this is something that does affect gameplay and there are many, many people taking advantage of it. It is an in-game bug. You can't really get in trouble for taking advantage of an in-game bug that just shouldn't exist. You're not glitching the game out. This is just something that happens. You don't do anything special to make it happen. It just actually occurs. So hopefully this gets addressed next week. Today Square Enix had a new save point and unfortunately I don't have any news from it at the time of recording. It's about to happen actually. It's probably happening as you're watching this. It is a live stream event on Twitch where they release a whole bunch of news. I just want to let you guys know what was happening in case you want to go check it out after the fact and any major news for Switch will just be covered in tomorrow's episode. But I wanted to let you know that it's happening anyways because hey, it is a big thing today for Square fans. Now this bit of news kind of did me in today. We did a YouTube short on it because I am a little bit freaked out. A brand new Pokemon was unveiled in a very strange Pokemon company Japanese way. I was actually at the event when they unveiled this and I freaked out. We're looking at what apparently is known as Wiglet or something like that. I don't know. That's what the articles are telling me. This was in Japanese. The English translations aren't perfect, but it sounds like the name of this new Pokemon is Wiglet, which makes you think of Diglet, of course, because, well, I mean, they both are underground and have a little piece sticking out. And it just makes you think that they're related. They're not necessarily related. However, in Japan, the name of this Pokemon has C in its name, suggesting that it's like a sea creature more akin to like a worm or eel or something like that. So it might not even be related in any way. There were some notes about the Pokemon that says, you know, that Diglet and Wiglet are completely different Pokemon, but that doesn't mean that they didn't evolve from the same thing many, many years ago. Hey, look, at the end of the day, we don't know a ton about this Pokemon.  Expand dong. Can't believe I just got that in an episode. Today, Nintendo seems to have launched a brand new Super Mario Brothers movie Twitter account. There are no tweets on it. Some people were wondering if it's a fake account. It is Twitter verified, so for what that means, I don't know for an account that has no tweets. I assume this means Nintendo went through Twitter to get it verified. All of Nintendo's accounts, by the way, are verified. So this does fall in line with the way Nintendo does things. It already has a ton of followers. I presume when the teaser trailer drops on October 6th at New York Comic Con next week, that's probably the same day this Twitter handle actually do something. It'll get an update. It'll have the trailer on the Twitter account and stuff like that. So I'll put a link to it if you guys wanna follow it. I'm following it. If it turns out to be a fake fan account, I'd be really surprised, but, you know, crazier things have happened. And our last story is about a new Mario Kart. Wait, sorry, my bad, Smurf Kart. Yes, folks, we have another Mario Kart S clone, another kart racer out there called Smurf Kart coming out on November 15th. They dropped a new trailer today. And look, it's Mario Kart, but with Smurfs and only four players. Let's just be honest, okay? It's got boosting, it's got drifting, it's got alternate paths, it's got items, multiplayer, online multiplayer except only four players. As I said, it's very much a Mario Kart game with less players and the same old tricks. Now look, I think it actually looks pretty good, looks pretty solid and like other kart racers out there, we have Nickelodeon kart racer and so many kart racers out there. It's just, I honestly am not sure that this is the one to get and it's Smurfs. Look, I like the Smurfs, but sometimes you wonder if the best studios are making a, you know, adaption like this. I don't know, it looks good, the gameplay looks fine. So it probably plays okay. And if there's anyone out there, maybe kids especially that are still into the Smurfs, maybe thanks to the Smurf movies, maybe they're really excited for this. Personally, the new Nickelodeon kart racer coming out, kart racer three, is probably where I would invest my time, but hey, you know what? All of us really just want a new Mario Kart and that would solve all of our itches. Did I really just say a new Mario Kart game could solve all of our itches? Well, let me tell you, there are some itches a Mario Kart can't scratch, that being said. I am Nathaniel Rojas from Nintendo Prime, hopefully you enjoyed this video. Where is this episode even going today? Welcome to Prime Five, I'll catch you in the next one. Did we really just make a dong joke and talk about Mario Kart and that itching? Did we just? Oh.


My first speaking engagement this year, so I really appreciate that. I always try to do my best and write my speeches and do my research. And let me just tell you, Ms. Blanchett and Mr. Salazar gave me homework and God knows, I can't wait to get back home and watch Scandal. And by the way, when I was introduced, I just want to let y'all know I've appeared on The Good Wife three times. And next month, I'm going to appear on The House of Cards. I'm an actress. But at my age, I'm best suited for the Game of Thrones. So thank you so much for having me. And by the way, since I can add to my own, just last year, President Obama appointed me to the Fulbright Board. It's the Fulbright Scholars Program. And I love education and I will have an opportunity to send our scholars, our young talent, abroad. And I will also have an opportunity to approve their scholars and their young people to come here. But just over the weekend, they sent me my first batch of applicants. Bless you. And of course, me being the kind of person I am, I told them off from day one.  Yes. I've been coming here over the last few years. Dennis Kennedy, my good friend, the Texas Diversity Council. I told them I want some diversity. I want more women, more minorities, African-American, Hispanic, Asian. Oh my God, you should see their eyes when I walk into the room. I said, y'all got some diversity. And as you all know, they're scrambling. But it is going to be a wonderful, wonderful change now that I'll be looking for diversity. I use that to tell y'all as an example that when you get a position of whatever influence, you know, what is teaching at Georgetown, CNN, where I work, I always say, I am not coming into the room to be your token. And I do not look like Wendell Dressen. I believe in diversity. It is important in the 21st century that we make room at the table for everybody. And I'm going to continue to fight for that. So let's take a few questions and comments and then we'll do some selfies. I've been on YouTube, the internet. He inspired it. We're going to use it tonight. Hello, ma'am. Hi. What's the Scuttle Button Washington about how the Supreme Court is going to go on the marriage decision? You know, I've heard that, first of all, I think it's very difficult once people have assumed the right to somehow or another deny or take it back. As you know, I feel that way in terms of voting. I feel that way about the Affordable Care Act. I mean, can you imagine you're getting healthcare and the Supreme Court might decide that you're no longer eligible for subsidies because your state, Texas, decided not to participate in the exchange. Okay. So when it comes to marriage equality, I think it's going to be very difficult to roll back. Under what pretence? Equal justice under the law. How are you going to amend that? So you can carve out a second-class citizenship. I mean, we've spent over 200 years trying to make an exception to equal justice under the law to somehow another, you know, endorsed slavery and Jim Crow and all the other craziness. I believe that the Supreme Court will get out of the way and this issue will go away. That's my view. I could be wrong. I don't have many conversations with Thomas, Alito, Scalia, Roberts. The best we can do is continue to pray for Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Justice Sotomayor and Kagan and Byron and pray for that man with a last name called Kennedy. Hello there. Hello. First, I wanted to say I love your monthly column in O Magazine. Thank you so much, ma'am. And I also wanted to ask, you mentioned three changes to the voter laws. The first one was photo identification. The second one was early voting cutbacks and early voting. I missed the third. Third is voter registration. Okay, in general. Do you know that in some states it's illegal for you to register voters and to submit them to the county registrar? I mean, there are places where the legal women voters are suing simply because they put another hurdle to people. Once upon a time, like the voter registration card you have out here in some states, you can't do that. We have voter registration restrictions. Okay, thank you. Lovely little thing. I got so much notes and research. I could keep you here all night, but then again I know it's thirsty. Hi there. Hello. And I just love you, period. Thank you. My name is Deborah Eaton. Thank you. And I'm a 28-year veteran of the United States Army. Thank you for your service tonight. Thank you. It was a great privilege and opportunity. One that I took very seriously. My concerns now that I've come home, well, I've come to San Antonio. I'm originally from Chicago. Education. Yeah. Mainly our special needs, children. The things that I see going on in the school system right now with the number of children that I see us face dealing with drug babies, they are not going to stay babies forever. And they're coming into the school systems. And some of the districts are being overwhelmed because we have lack of training. Not because the teachers are not adequately trained in educating them, but the special needs that they have. And there's something that we have to do with that as far as not only in Texas, but across the United States, standardizing the tests, the procedures, the things that are used to qualify them under those programs. Not only for the special needs, children, but I would love to see, especially at the high school level, we have standardized high school educational programs. Some states you go in, you only need 21 credits to graduate. Some states you need 27 credits to graduate. It should be standardized. We shouldn't be saying, well, Mississippi is the lowest state in the union and, you know, Connecticut is number one. If we standardize it across the board, what is it that we can do as I'm working on a master's PhD program in early childhood education with an emphasis on special needs? What can I do and some of my fellow students do to help standardize that or who do we need to talk to?  Although the federal government, you know, provide resources with regard to elementary and secondary education, higher education, et cetera. But governors have more to do with, you know, whether or not we're implementing common core standards or we have other curriculums. Education, if I go state by state, I can tell you four different strategies that states are developing to deal with special needs kids. I have two special needs kids in my family, and I can tell you that they are treated differently because one lives in Louisiana and one lives in South Carolina. I can give you a simple answer right now, but I can tell you that we have to be engaged on this education from the day whether we have children or not have children, but from the day we inaugurate our new governor. Because a lot of what you're dealing with is the policies are being generated in your state legislature. And I can guarantee you this new state legislature you have now in Texas and your governor, good luck. So you're going to, you're going to, I think, working with the teachers union, working with the PTA, working with all of the other interest groups involved in education standards, educational curriculum. This is going to be a very difficult hurdle, but I think the first place to start is right in Austin and then in all of these school districts, which are super, I'm having lunch with the superintendent of D.C. Public Schools on Monday. And I don't have any kids in D.C. Public Schools, but I'm doing that because I care about our public schools. I care about public education. And I'm a strong support of our public schools. And I'm a strong support of our nation's public school teachers as well, who don't get enough credit for the work that they're doing. But those standards, my friend, those standards and the investment that is needed for our public schools and for special needs, all of that is a state and local issue. And the more engaged we are and the more involved we are, the better off our children will be in our communities. And let me tell you, when you keep hearing about rollbacks and cutbacks and people don't want to pay taxes, we have a problem in our society because in many of these school districts, where they rely on local taxes, local revenues, property taxes, they're cutting back on that. And Louisiana, our governor just announced over $200 million cut in education because of the lack of revenue that's coming in as a result of the decline in the price of oil and gas. And you all in Texas are about to experience that same kind of retrenchment. But they continue to build prisons. Yeah, of course. Of course, because prison, you know that. And outsourcing, you know, cash cow, like military. But we have to fight that. That again, it goes back to voting. That is the central, if you vote, you're involved. Also on Tuesday, I mentioned on Monday I'm meeting with the superintendent of our D.C. public school on Tuesday, I have jury duty. Because I'm a registered voter. You know, the sad truth about Ferguson is that 75% of the people not eligible to be on a jury. Because then I registered a vote. And that's why there's a voter registration campaign. That's a very important issue, ma'am, and I hope as a result of you raising that issue, maybe there's someone in this room who know a little bit more about the Texas education system and maybe some of the organizations and groups that are fighting for those same issues here that you can join in coalition with. And thank you again for your service and our military, and God bless you. Thank you for your service. Thank you, ma'am. Hi there. Hello, Mr. Brazil. By the way, I don't know what's going on in Louisiana, but thank goodness they sent people like you and James Carvel up to shake it up in D.C. Thank you so much. I got to love it. I appreciate you talking about voting. And one of the things you talked about the voter registration, one of the things I tell people now, whenever they talk to me about that, I say go see Selma and then we'll talk. Amen. One of the things that I would say on this, though, is in Texas, as you know, we're kind of at the bottom of the list of voter turnout. And part of that's because of the registration, but the other thing is that nasty word called apathy. And I wanted to get your thoughts on how we can turn around voter apathy because that's a real thing that just drives people who can vote but just don't go out.  So in fifth grade, I was Ms. Bucca. I was Ms. Ohio. Because we had to learn all of the states, all 50 states. I mean, I was laughing the other day when I was one of my little nephews. He's four years old.  And I knew where Louisiana was. I actually could tell you all of the parishes, okay? But we don't teach civics. We really don't talk about the importance of voting and why voting is important. But this is a representative democracy. It's we the people, not we the politicians. It's not we the donors. It's we the people. And if people don't understand their rights and why it is so important to vote, then they won't vote. There's a scene in the movie, some of you who spoil alert, where Dr. K makes the argument that if we don't have the right to vote, we cannot choose the governor who choose the judges. If we don't have the right to vote, we cannot elect the mayor who appoints the police. He made it plain, as Malcolm X would say. He spelled it out. But many of our young people and a hell of a lot of our so-called old people, too, older young adults, they're not voting. Some people have given up. They can't give up because they give up on themselves. I often tell my young friends, especially my students, to say, you're mad about the fact that you don't have a living wage when you go work for McDonald's, Burger King, and Hardy, and all those other places. I say, elect politicians who will support raising the wage. And if you don't believe the politicians will do it, go above their head. You can petition. Five states last year, Arkansas included. Five states, Nebraska, Alaska voted to raise their wage. All across this country, the paid leave initiative that the president announced the other night, the voters in Massachusetts passed at this past fall. I don't have to tell you about marijuana. Oh, there's a study out today that is not as corrosive on the loans. It's the paper that you're wrapping at. Hey, we just voted for it in D.C. But as you all know, Congress controlled the district of Columbia. I love the vote. I couldn't wait to vote. I couldn't even wait to start my own voter registration campaign. And I didn't wait until I was 18. It was the year after Dr. King tragically was taken from us. That I worked on my first campaign. I was nine. And I wasn't registered. Of course, I was nine. Had a big mouth. I wish my mother had lived long enough to see me working for ABC and seeing this.  I had an opinion about everything. That's why I write newspaper columns.  And I would say, is Ms. Hermione registered? I'm going to knock on her door. And I would say, are you registered to vote Ms. Hermione? No. And then I would tell her how. I went to Mr. Jack and I went to Ms. Lois Jean and Mr. Jill. I went door to door. We won that campaign. And you know, I had one issue. Now, you know, they kept thinking, why are we doing this? I said, well, they're going to pave the roads. Nobody had a car. They all called the bus. But that's all right. We're going to pave the roads. And that was the best one. But they're going to build a playground. The kids don't have a playground when it rains outside. And you know, it always rained in Louisiana. You guys might have a drought, but, you know, we need four seasons for shrimp, crab, crawfish, and oysters. And I would, I just went door to door until, you know, we got enough people and we won. I mean, I got so excited. I'm still excited. I'm excited. My councilwoman won. She's the mayor of the DC. I said, look, come to my house and bring my friends. Let's have some barbecues and chicken.  It's July. It's hot because we're not going on the stove. Anything that can be grilled, we're going to eat. Okay? But it can't be grilled. We're not having it. But you know what? I introduced her around. She won. I'm still excited about politics. And yes, ladies and gentlemen, every time I go over to that White House, I just sit back there and smile and have some eggnog. I'm so grateful that we have this ability to vote, but I am sad. When an election night, I'm on ABC or wherever, they're reporting the results.  That people just stay home. Only 28% of the voters in New York bother to even turn out. And some communities turn out was 12%. I mean, we deserve better. You're right. So when you're sitting home watching C-Span, and hearing as I did last night, 17, I was sitting in my room. I was sitting in my hotel room in Austin. Y'all know I was bored because I was watching C-Span. And I'm like, one, two, three. They were talking about the unborn pain act. I don't know about y'all, but have y'all ever known a man to have a period? Have y'all ever known a man to give birth? And they were talking as if they've been experiencing it. And it was all mad. I kept saying, God, please, we need one female. Just one, one, one female. Just one. It was like almost 1130 at night. One woman showed up. I said, thank God. And then when I heard her, I turned the TV off. I said, oh. I said, I've listened to more sex on television than I've had an opportunity to read Fifty Shades of Grey. It just makes no dog on sense. But that's what we elected, but I'm not voting. Seriously. And you know, once they get in the office, they redraw all of the districts, and they carve you out. They carve you out. They carve that section. They ghetto ties everybody. And let's put all of the Hispanics here. The Mexicans go there, the blacks go there, and nobody can mix. And then you have this whole other territory for everybody else. And they do it night at night in broad daylight. And I don't care if I lived here, I would go right up to Austin. It's not a long drive. I did it today. I would go into these chambers, and I would speak up and keep doing it. And you're going to have to do so much more. And by the way, and I'll say this, we got to educate people. Don't assume that people know it's election day. Not everybody's tuned in to watching CNN. And remember, in presidential years, you know, Democratic voters are like those locusts. They come out every four years. It's like they think it's the World Cup every four years. Now I'm like, no, it's the World Series. There's an election every year, but we have to do a better job of educating people, becoming advocates, and encouraging other people to vote. Because sometimes people want to see a little change. Okay, I forget it. Yes. I'll be right back. And I'll try to keep my answers. Got my voice back. Yes, ma'am. Yes. Thank you so much for your being here and enlightening us with your words of wisdom. Thank you, ma'am. And I am Theodora Berry, Associate Professor and Director of African American Studies at the University of Texas at San Antonio. Yes. We're going to talk to you now. Yeah. LSU. No, I'm joking. Okay, now go spurs. All right. And I am here with my colleague and one of my doctoral students and the three of us and some other faculty teach in diversity and in African American education. And one of the things that is troubling to me and my colleagues and I were talking about this just a little while ago, is the seemingly homogenous way in which our students seem to think that race is not an issue anymore. And sort of squirming their seats when we start talking about some of the issues that they should be paying attention to and a handful of them finally got quasi-excited about trying to address some of these issues around Ferguson and New York and so forth and so on. So I want to get some of your insights about how we can get some of our young people to be a bit more sensitive, I guess, for lack of a better word, around what's really going on instead of being in this post-racial coma that they seem to be in these days. First of all, thank you for your service. I too feel the same frustration at times when I teach my class, Women and Gender Studies at Georgetown.  Oh, no. But, you know, it's so funny because I don't think we should be angry at the fact or upset that they don't see the world as we see it. We've experienced it. Many of us know what has occurred. Some of us have wounds. Some of us know what it feels like to be discriminated against and know what prejudice is all about and racism, about and sexism and homophobia, anti-Semitism. We all know. Some of us have had direct experience with it. A little too much of it. They don't see it. But it doesn't mean that they're not sensitive to it. They're not going to fight the battles that the way we fought. But still, I believe that this generation is going to have a much greater impact. And here's why. Let us not forget that they put Barack Obama in the White House and they might put Hillary Clinton in the White House. These millennials. Yeah, I do believe. I don't want to put words in their mouth, but I do believe that they will seize the future. But too often, they don't believe that they should march to our music.  So, I like to think of myself as somebody who helps guide them. Somebody who helps propel them and push them forward. When I talk to my students, by the time I get to the section in my class about the Equal Rights Amendment, they're still in that, what is she talking about? And then when I pull up my credit card, and I say, you know, just 20, 25 years ago, before Bella Abzug and Lindy Byg spoke up, I couldn't have this because my husband are my dad's signature. When I talk about women being fired simply for being pregnant on the job, then all of a sudden you see them tuning in, like, okay, now let me turn down this iPad or whatever they're looking at, and then they do this. And when I finally get to tell them about how much money over their lifetime they will lose because we don't have equal pay for comparable work, then I have totally caught them. Oh, hell, no, I ain't making less. You mean I'm coming out of Georgetown and I'm gonna make, oh, hell, no. We gotta find ways to bring a man. We gotta find ways to let them know that those fights that we had in 65 and 66 and 68 and whatever, we're still fighting. And they can play their music. I'm not gonna lie, I've never been able to march to Rihanna or Beyonce. But if that's what it takes, I'll put Curtis Mayfield back. Y'all know I told my nieces and nephews I said, I don't even know how y'all make love to that kind of music.  I have no idea how y'all do it.  Madam professor, they're gonna create their own music. They're gonna march to their own rhythm. We just gotta make sure they see it. Because if they see it, they're gonna see it. I guarantee you, they're good. They're smart. I like them. I really do. That's why I'm still in class from some 20 years later. Y'all ain't the money. Y'all know that. All y'all teachers. Y'all know they ain't the money. It's the love. This generation give me so much hope. I came on Wednesdays. That's the only day of the week. I mean, I just, I say, I thank God that I am a teacher. I am an educator. Because my teachers inspired me. And I just want to be a source of inspiration for them. And I know you will be. Thank you for your service. Hello there. I'm gonna cut it short. I know it's 9 o'clock the all time. Okay.  I'm a veteran as well. Thank you for your service. Navy veteran, they told me when I joined the Navy, Navy stood for Never Again Volunteer Yourself.  Right? So I got out. But I went on to finish college for my H-Buck. Thank you. And from there, I started my own company. I lived in Washington, D.C. for about 12 years. Benefit of the Veteran Own Business 8A program and those things. But I really just wanted to stand up here and tell you that you are my role model. And that I admire and appreciate the work that you have done. Thank you. You have made politics interesting and palatable. And I can't help but notice that you have on the Saints colors today. And I know you are a Saints fan. And I wanted to ask you about the Benson family and what the heck is going on with the Pelicans and the Saints. And then while we're at it, we can talk about that Washington football team that we shall not name and what's going on with all of that. And I feel like I could talk to you forever, but I'll just leave it there and just say thank you. On a day that we're talking about the Flated Balls, you want to bring a football? I had no idea. Yeah, I knew I had on Saints colors today. I love sports. I don't know what's going on with the Benson family. I follow the Saints. I love the Saints. My daddy paid me a quarter to watch the Saints and I'm still a devoted Saints fan. I'm looking forward to the Super Bowl. I love those Seahawks. I think they're a dynamic team. And, you know, I watched Tom Brady today try to explain it. Like I said, I don't want to touch that. But I don't know what's going on with the Saints and the Benson family. There's a lot of little, you know, family squabbling. And I love Rita, but as you know, she's the granddaughter and there's the wife and there's a lot of other drama there. With relationship to your second topic, I don't know what will it take. Dan Snodder is, he is basically said, no way we're not going to change the name of the team. You know, we're talking about the Washington team, the football team. It's really crazy. I don't think people understand how insensitive to have that name. We can find a better name, a more suitable name. After all, the Washington Bullets changed their name to the Washington Wizards. So we have some precedent there, but we got to continue to organize and petition. And hopefully I haven't been to a game in a long time. And that's my way of protesting. And hopefully we will resolve that issue in Washington. And thank you for your service again. Yes, ma'am. Good evening. My name is Adriana Contreras. I'm the executive director of the San Antonio Education Partnership, which is a nonprofit that helps to equip students for success in college. You can imagine my excitement when I heard about President Obama's Community College initiative and that. So I think it'd be great. Every day I work with students who struggle, you know, trying to get financial aid and everything else they need for college. Is it realistic? Do you think that it'll pass Congress? Do you think it has a chance? You know, I don't even know why we're having a conversation about it. I was in Germany in November, and as you know, they just decide in Germany to make college affordable and free to just about any citizen who meets the great. I don't know why we have to litigate this in our society. You know, this idea did not just come in the midnight hour. President Obama saw it being instituted in the state of Tennessee and the city of Chicago and places all across the country. What President Obama did that most people don't know, I know because I follow all of this, is that basically he decided to come up with a cookbook and he decided to go and find all the best chefs around the country. Many of them are Republicans because they control stay houses and he found all the ideas and all the things that he's trying to bake, so to speak. And he put it in a cookbook and guess what? Gave it to the Congress and they said, no, we don't want it, we don't want it. These are all Republican ideas. So the problem is that if the author of the book is Barack Obama, they don't want the idea. Maybe what we should do is just say, go ahead, John Boehner, who by the way, look is not, look very well. I counted one, two. Wow, Joe Biden was the only white person back there. Being from Louisiana, he could pass. And what he should do, and by the way, Mitch McConnell recently said, I don't want to do no scary stuff. Well, scary stuff is doing nothing. Doing nothing while people languish, people languish and waiting for jobs to be created, waiting to go to school and waiting to start their careers, waiting to stay in their homes and that's scary. But I think the President is just going to have to wait for Republicans to wake up and realize that his broadband initiative, that was from the state of Iowa. I mean, these initiatives, ladies and gentlemen, the President is not just creating this to start a fuss and a draw a line. He's trying to find some help. You know, he needs their help because that's the legislative branch of the government. He's an executive branch. And let me just say, I'm proud of this President. And I say that as a Democrat who spent three years, the last three years of George W. Bush's term. I was appointed by the Governor of Louisiana to the Louisiana Recovery Authority. And I spent three years working directly with the Bush administration and George W. Bush. It didn't matter if George W. Bush was purple, green, Republican or Democrat. What mattered was making sure that the people of Louisiana and Mississippi and the Gulf Coast, including Texas, were able to get back home after those two catastrophic hurricanes. And nowadays you can't get Republicans to work with Democrats because, of course, they'll get a Tea Party challenge. Very unfortunate. Very unfortunate. All right, the last three. Hello. I was just wondering what your opinions are about the international community about the United States after Ferguson and what kind of role model we stand with the world and what we can do to stand, you know, be a stronger part of that, you know, leadership. So, thank you. Thank you so much. You know, in the aftermath of Ferguson there were protests all over the world. People saying, we are Ferguson. So many people in communities, cultures, all stood with us, from South Africa to Indonesia to Thailand to Beijing and all throughout Europe and Latin America. Protests. People care about us. But likewise, we should care about what happens outside of our borders, too. That's why I'm proud that this president has opened up relations with Cuba. You know, I've been to Cuba. I've actually tasted food. I've tasted a little bit more than that. Hey, I'm from Louisiana. We've got to taste things. And yeah, those cigars are interesting. And yes, the mojitos were the best. But there's no reason why I can visit Cuba, but a Cuban, someone of Cuban descent who lives in America can visit their ancestors or their family. So, I'm glad. I actually went to prison for the first and thank God, hopefully, my last time. I went and I saw Alan Gross. I am so happy Alan is back home. And he's adjusting very well. So, we need to be able to express solidarity whether it's a terrorist attack in France or, you know, some of the violence in the Middle East when we see violence, when we see people who are hungry, displaced, as in the Sudan, when we see Boko Haran taking our girls from their families and their communities. Am I my brother and my sister's keeper? You're all right, I am. We should. We should care about what happens but be on our borders. And thank you for asking that question. Yes, sir. Yes, good evening, Ms. Brazil. Thank you so much for making it out here to San Antonio, Texas. We all greatly appreciate you being out here. Thank you so much. Thank you for having me back. Full disclosure, I am pretty libertarian in my views, kind of conservative right-leaning, but I still respect greatly, you know, this dialogue and discussion. What I want to ask you was, who in your mind of the conservatives slash Republicans do you think you can work with or that maybe the Democrat coalition can work with as opposed to, you know, people who you can't work with at all? You know, the interesting thing is that I work with everybody. I don't have a closed mind and God knows my heart's not closed. I love people. I love to hear the best ideas from everybody. On my bucket list this year is to sit down with Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina. He's the first black Republican elected from the Deep South since Reconstruction. I want to talk to him about renewing the children's health care program. That's up. I want to sit down with Rand Paul, who I've had conversations with with criminal justice reform. I want to talk to Orrin Hatch about some of the tax initiatives. He sends me music from the Mormon tabernacle cry. So I don't have a closed mind.  Hanging out with black people, Latinos. I don't want to tell people the last name of my Brazil. Of course I'm playing immigration reform. Okay? I mean, I don't see all of this craziness that we have. I mean, look, am I Attilogue? What do I care about? I'm passionate about my faith. I am very passionate about my faith. I am a big believer in the power of prayer. But I don't impose my religion on anybody. I don't impose my views, my value. Well, I can't sit at my nieces and nephews. But you know, they're getting of the age now where they can just say, wait a minute. And I say, okay. But I don't get this where once you profess to be something, oh, I'm a libertarian. Oh, I'm a liberal. I'm a whatever. Then you're all of a sudden a demon. You're not a demon, sir.  And I have a particular way. And I would love to sit down with people who have different views in my own and find common sense, common ground solutions. You know, at the end of the day, sir, we all are going to go someplace and we're not going to be judged by what part we voted for. We're going to be judged by how we treated the least of these. I still believe that is going to be the standard.  I might give you credit on a Monday, but by Friday it's going to be my idea. And thank you for your question. Last but not least. Thank you. My name is Esther, and I just want to say thank you for being an agitator and an inspiration. Thank you. There are 17 school districts in the San Antonio and Bear County area. And I live in a school district that prides itself on being rural, so you read into that what you will. So two things happened in that school district. The longtime superintendent retired, and there was a search. The one woman, the one candidate was a woman. She'd been in her previous school district for 15 years. She'd worked her way up. She knew everybody, all the staff, most of the students, most of the families in that school district. And the other candidate was a coach. So you know which one my school district elected. And there was a majority on the board that said, this is who we want. I didn't. So between being really pissed off about that and first hearing your name, I ran for that board. In a very small community that doesn't have a large population, but the population that it does have is mostly inside the city limits, where those people are black and brown. I was lucky enough to get on that board when we did have a tiny bit of growth and we needed to build two new schools. And I'll be damned if I didn't sit in closed session. And the minority tried to say, we earned those schools and they tried to build them out in the sticks where 550 inner city kids would have been bussed so that 50 kids in the rural areas wouldn't have to be bussed. So I just want to say thank you for being an agitator.  And my husband said, you don't have the stomach for politics. I don't.  Worst. But that doesn't mean I don't do everything I can behind the scenes. Well, thank you. And thank you for your service. Thank you. What you have the stomach for is what Dr. King had the passion for. So, ladies and gentlemen, I wanted, first of all, once again, to say thank you. Thank you to the San Antonio Library. Thank you to the Carver Cultural Center. Thank all of you who had a great part in making this evening a success. I want to leave you with scripture. And that's because when I was a little girl my grandmother would call us and order our birds. Cheryl Ciladonna, Tata Chet, Lisa Demetri, Kevin Zola. And she would sit us down at night. My parents were working. And she would always find something in the Bible useful for us to know. My favorite scripture that she loved as well came from the book of Galatians, chapter six, verse nine. And it is, do not grow weary and doing good for in due season you'll reap a harvest if you don't give up. I know many of you are doing the Lord's work. And you're doing it sometime alone with not a lot of help or accolades. You're not on cable television and you're not bringing home a big check but you're still making a way for someone else to be able to sit at that table to continue to do the Lord's work. God bless you. And may you have a wonderful 2015. Thank you so much for having me. Thank you. Thank you.