Mae'n gwybwys i Adon Hyff. Dyna'n gyffredinion i fynd i ddweudio i gynhyrch. Ond eich tragediaid yn ôl fynd a'n han, Adon. Beth hynny'n digwydd. Rydyn ni'n cael ei gael eich cymryd i fynd i gael 19ol. Rydym yn ychydig i fynd o ddim nid yw yn gwneud i fynd i fod yn cael ei fod yn gyrwyr gyd. Oni'n fyddo i gyd yn gwneud. I always try and be positive. My glasses are always awful, so I'm looking forward to when we resume. We had a good start to the season but obviously we're in a difficult moment. The most important thing is we come through this the other end and we will benefit from it. Definitely, I must say to everybody Aidan is actually in Minnesota, he's struck his time out of his out of his data speak to me so absolutely delighted. Thank you very much for that inch. No worries.  I won't say how long but let's go back a few years to when you were a fresh face boy at Stoke City. How were Kendall's there at the time? Is that right when you were coming through? Yeah, I looked after Kendall's boots, he was one of my guys, in them days the apprenticeship, six of us virtually ran the club, doing the laundry, doing the boots, tea after training. And I actually babysitted for Howard's kids for a few times as well. So I grew up obviously from Howard, the only thing he ever said to me was he always spoke about Everton Football Club and what it meant and what it represented. So when Howard left and went to be manager of Blackburn, there was rumours then that Villa were in for me in Man City in a few clubs and I get the phone call. He's not even at Everton at the time, he's at Blackburn and he told me that there's one or two things been going on and maybe there's an opportunity for him to go to Everton.   So for me it was something that I'd always sort of had in the back of my mind. My uncle, who was living in Stoke at the time, he'd moved to live on Merseyside and he started to go to Everton Games because he was a big Stoke fan like we all were at the time. He started to go to Everton Games. I'd been a few games with him when I'd gone up when Stoke maybe had been away. So I'd got the bug, so I knew all about the club. Howard always spoke so glowingly and with so much love and affection for it. He was never really a competition, you know. Villa came in and Derby and Coventry, believe it or not. Dave Sexton was the manager, was doing one. But there was never any danger of me going there. Soon as Howard told me that they were in, just having fired, it was a case of just hoping it would go through and fortunately it did. I actually met him after a game at Man United, a sharpie score. I think it might have been one-one at Old Trafford and I met him after at the Swan at Bucklow Hill. And you know when they talk about prolonged contract negotiations, there was none of that. It was, there you go. I didn't, there was no money on it any then I just signed it and trusted that you know I'd be on the same as everybody else and that was what happened. You know we were all on the same money in them days in there but it was the best signature I ever did. Yeah in 1982, your pitch is on the side of the stadium isn't it? You know with the wraparound. I actually sent it to Harrison, he led a while ago when I was talking to him and said look it's a pittery, your dad is a few years ago and he was having a laugh and stuff. But that was great and obviously he came in and done okay that season really for the only half a season but you did well, scored a few goals. Yeah but I wasn't playing the way I knew I could play and you know I never shied away from that. You know I got a little bit of stake because obviously I had come for an awful lot of money but hey it's part and parcel of playing for a club the size of Evan.  But it wasn't just me I think you know if you look at the team it was the young team that was developing you know with Sharpie was just butting the team and Kev Rackliffe had just got in the team Trevor and Gary and you look at the team you know Richo and all that and this was an evolving team it was a growing team so you know it took us a while but I'm glad to say that we got there in the end. Didn't we? Didn't we just? The 83-84 season which was obviously when it really it really took off didn't it we've got I mean I've got this year from 83 there which you were I can't tell you now but yeah you scored a few in that one as well but 83-84 obviously it felt like 82-83 we got to the quarter fine and lost some Manchester United and Frank Stapleton scored I'm sure you remember it very well deep in injury time and we don't we don't quite well haven't we beat Spares in the quarter in the fifth round Andy King they scored a couple of goals that day and things were we'd looked all right she had to come in from Liverpool and we'd looked like we were yeah we were getting somewhere in the 83-84 season we were a little bit we were a little bit stop-start with me I remember I remember Coventry, Roman the League, Cuppan we were getting beat 1-0 and you and Sharpie scored in the last few minutes and we won 2-1 and that was a big game I think Peter E came on as a sub and that was a big win wasn't it that night it was and it was strange because we knew as a group that the team was good but we were struggling to put it on the pitch and I know that's ultimately that's the most important thing and I think that's why I would have so much belief in the group that he could see Monday to Friday what we were actually all about yeah but what we were struggling to do was consistently put it on the field yeah you know Reedy came in made a huge difference you know people it's strange I always people talk to me and say who's the best player they've ever played with and I always mention Reedy and they go really I go yeah and then they go well what was he good at was was he fast I go well no not really was he great pass for the ball well no not really did he score goals well no not really I know he goes through all these things and then at the end of the day I go but he was nearly the best player every week and that was what he was he was but the great thing about Reedy and then obviously later Lee and Andy came in they bought a different perspective to the to the group yeah you know it was all about winning it was none of this we played really good stuff and yeah I didn't count for anything unless we were and they they bought that mentality with them and they were huge signings for us people talk about it but the group within the dressing room knew how big they were yeah because they were a catalyst for an awful lot of what we did and they started old likes a million sharp and people like that accountable and you know when I look back I I look back with incredible affection to what Reedy was but Andy also in terms of us mentally being able to cope for for a club like Everton but more importantly enjoying playing but enjoying winning at all costs and I think that was what they bought to us you know and they started to instil that in us and you know then once we got on the roll it was difficult to stop you know yeah I remember and I think it was Andy Gray's debut and he took it on a chest and rolled it across and you scored I think maybe four us one nil at home and that was it and he was in and out but obviously again before you know before that before that game in the dressing room right I think I've gone seven games without scoring yeah and he said to me whatever happens you get around me he says because I might not win the edit but I guarantee you the centre back is not winning the edit he said you get around me there's going to be stuff in and around me and you'll get opportunities yeah and that was Andy he might not win the edit but he made sure the centre back didn't win it you know he'd be up there with his arm across the centre of space but you know them little things like that and but he had so much confidence in himself and that started to breed the rest of the group yeah but even we got to Christmas and then the famous cushions commander Adrian against Coventry at home and stuff and then a game I always came to because I remember we lost we were we were battered at Wolves three nil as well over just around Christmas but I remember we went to Birmingham and Birmingham and we went to nil at Birmingham and I always looked at that and think that was the kind of game that was a few days before the Stoke game and Howard opened the window and all that but that Birmingham game is one I always think was key because not many fancied us to get a result there and we won there and we were so bad at Coventry at Wolves yeah yeah we were so bad at Wolves and that was the first time ever Edward put me under pressure that day at Birmingham right and he said to me and he was very he always tried to shield these players but before that game he looked across at me in front of everybody and he went I know what you can do you know what you can do you've got to start showing these says because we can't wait for you anymore you've got to start to produce what we all know you capable of so that game I felt under pressure as well yeah yeah and then as you say we get the result and then with the Stoke game and then it starts to get the role going you know yeah but it just shows out that balancing out to so fine between being successful had we lost that game who knows what we're about it's all hips and butts I know but you know but it was a huge game you're right it was a massive game for us big game big win at Stoke I was there on the Saturday and it was incredible we won two nil didn't we and you know that kicked it off but obviously we've got to talk about ox for the way we've got to talk about Kevin Brock and the bad passion because they I mean they were they were an up and coming side he knocked Manchester United out at me and we went there horrible little grand you know with a manna grand and I'm a one nil down I think less phillips was it less phillips you scored or we were one nil down and yeah sorry less yeah less phillips scored the other one I want to forget that on the line yeah and there's about what eight minutes left and it's funny you're talking about Peter Reid me and Pedd done a all time ever an 11 the other day and I was like Reid's got to be in it because for me just control midfield and you're right he couldn't really he wasn't lightning he didn't score a lot of goals he wasn't a 40 50 yard passer of the ball but he sort of could do everything it was weird but that he's the one pressure in Kevin Brock yeah and then you that was typical and it's that unsung work the people don't like everybody talks about the goal yeah and it's something that people always remember I does not a week goes by sweaty absolutely by that I don't get something sent to the club and it's nearly always a picture of that goal can you sign this and it's from all over the world avatonians all over the world but nobody ever mentions that Reedy has put him under so much pressure that he's trying to desperately get rid of it you know I just hid behind the centre back and managed to nick it in but you know and it's a it's a big goal in the club's history I know but it was for me it was never about well I schooled that goal and it was about we the group now we're on the roll you know it was did we lose again from then on in I think we we had 18 games or something unbeaten chill it was just an incredible run again like I say and we played them a week later in the snow and beat them four on them we batted them at home and and we got that you write them a mentor and picked up then and then we had the we had the Aston Villa in the semi and Kevin Ritterton you're not wanting to celebrate the handball and even though it was a big ball mark on his hand yeah yeah and then we get to the milk of fine and we're up against you know that lot who wear the european champions and everything else and Alan Hanson come on you know we might have got away with one with richo but we certainly got done it you know and obviously over the years getting to know jockey great guy Alan Hanson obviously he never denies that it was a you know an handball and I remember us going down the tunnel and really saying something I could never repeat for the referee it was but the great thing about the day I think for me personally that was the day that we as a group realised we don't have to fear anybody yeah yeah this group of players that we have now we are more than capable on an equal 14 playing anybody in the country today and we can win home away whatever and it was taking Liverpool on in them two games because whatever we don't like it as well as much as we you know we talk about it but they were the standard bearers there they were they were yeah they were what everybody measured themselves again against yeah and we'd you know we'd gone there and I thought we were the better team at Wembley where yeah you know and then me and really ended up running into each other on the back post in the replay at main road where we could have one of us would have scored if both of us hadn't been there to equalise but it was it what it was but for me that was the biggest turning point with the group yeah the belief then within the group was we've got nothing to fear guys yeah we've got nothing to fear let's go and take people on and and we did from then on you did because I mean it obviously you had the shot the hands and hand ball the ding here and as you've hit it did you did you know immediately handled it because oh yeah yeah you could tell something to buy yeah I'd gone in against Grogler and it it to the ground and it went up higher than I thought it was good so I knew he wasn't going to be able to stop it with his leg yeah yeah and you know from my angle I've got a perfect view of it it's you know his hands probably a foot above his knee and he square on the arm you know but hey what it is what it is isn't it yeah as I said the great thing about that day yeah was for me that was the catalyst for everything funny because we had never never seen just before christmas just before the film actually and he was talking about that day and I did tell him I thought he should have saved soon it's a shot which I was probably a bit brave to save but you know but you know you do it from the fall yeah yeah well he was he was comfortable on the couch and I reckon I'm just still quick enough to get away from him but he was saying we did even though we didn't really play as well in the replay he said exactly what you said after Wembley it was like yeah we've got not even though they're brilliant we've got nothing to fear now and they like you said they were the best team and and we went on the other thing was they got to realise that as well very yeah yeah I've spoke to like Anson and Lawrence and over the years and you get to know Sammy Lee and people like that were good guys you know they realised as well they one of the things they always told me was after the game they spoke as a group and that by the way these ain't gonna be far away from next those now right these these are coming yeah they realised that momentum was on its way as well so not only did we have it internally I think externally as well people were starting to realise that as well yeah the belief was definitely there and then obviously another another massive game a few weeks later was uh obviously not counting was an incredible an incredible result because again I mean younger fans watching this will be like not counting but they had a side to those and people like that yeah really killed Klein and all are tough they had a good team yeah and Andy's come up front yeah oh yeah they were an handful in them days you know it seems strange when you look at them names now of some of them teams and where they are but they are good teams now you know probably the best team in the actual history of them particular clubs yeah yeah in the time agreed agreed it was uh you know they are fully driving Edgar Andy Grey's Edgar and um no but the great things I didn't play that day yeah I always remember that I was in the stadium and the amount of Evertonians who were traveling in them days was like scaring yeah like eight nine thousand like everywhere we went it was it was incredible so it was it was not only was it great to play it the atmosphere that our fans generated everywhere we went to them days was that was something else as well you know well we got through that and then we have shall fans and which again is another was another day with another good side and we had a hybrid and a hot day um trough day and another day though if you remember the crowd we must have three quarters of this stadium that day yeah it was incredible that was another day because I don't if you remember hybrid he had the windows that opened up into the street yeah yeah virtually onto the street and that was another day we had the windows open he could hear we could hear the main ivory high street was just full of Evertonians from the top to the bottom and the atmosphere within the street outside you could I always remember we actually got stuck in a traffic jam and we went down that one of the main highways the A50 I can't remember what it was the police had to block it off and we went down the wrong dual carriageway the wrong way because otherwise we wouldn't have got there such was the numbers of people that were trying to get to the stadium but uh no it was another another special day for all of us you know it was um and we were worthy winners they started but we were worthy winners in the end what a header though little man with the big header yeah it was because it was a crap free kick from really out of number and then it suddenly came behind me somehow and I managed to and I think the fact that it was behind me it came sort of off me and went that way when I was trying to edit this way don't tell anyone that no well that's what if you see shillton's going the wrong way yeah he's going that way as he's going in the top corner it's a hey they all count as they say and then it was another special day yeah special special drive all that was another one of the words to jimmy the coach driver if you go above 50 mile an hour you're getting fired and we trundle along we trundle along the m6 all the way up to mersi side doing about 40 mile an hour with about 500 blue cars around the around the team coach you know we had the radio going we had the mic going and terry dara cot was inviting people up to saying i beth you had a swing didn't you you like a swing don't you i didn't need much persuading in that day but it's funny and I briefly mentioned it in the movie the how it's way movie isn't it for me that was when erwood was always at his he's happiest right being with the group on the bus you know he'd be sitting there in his boxy shorts with his cigar and his glass of red wine and he loved being with the guys on the bus in that day's and we you know and in the strange thing is as well when we talk about it is you watch team buses now and everybody's got their earphones on and they've got their own in them and none of that no the music came through the middle of the coach and you got up and sang and everybody was having a sing song and you know it was it was a different and not different time I know that but it was a different environment yeah yeah we we ended ourselves with each other more than and I've got me earphones on I'm watching my own iPad or whatever so that's there's a little bit lost somewhere along the way oh definitely definitely but unbelievable day and then and the run just kept going the good form kept going and you know we went we obviously had ended the season in seventh half after you know being not in trouble but people like Christmas people were like you know these these could be dragged in and we finished really strongly and what foot that you know what foot I mean what was that like on the on the way do we just confident that we'd win it or was that the leaf there or was there a little bit of a nervousness well you always on and yeah it's hard now when you like I tell my son what the FA Cup final meant in them days yeah yeah you know now with the champions league and everything I grew up as a kid wanting to win the FA Cup more than anything in the world yeah more than playing for England whatever playing in FA Cup final meant everything because it was like in the days where it was eight o'clock in the morning the coverage started yeah yeah you know and go through you know players families and everybody getting there so to play in the cup final but once again I always remember the week of the build-up Andy Gray we had a little team meeting and Andy Gray saying to everybody if I hear one person say it's going to be a great day we're going to enjoy it it's going to be Andy went the only way we enjoy it is by winning the game trust me yeah I don't care how we do it we just win the game we come home we'll drive around the city keep a million people happy and that's when we'll enjoy it and I think that was the difference between the two teams on the day the expectation level on us I felt that Watford were there too enjoyed we were there we had to win it yeah who for by crook we just had win the game and that was that was pretty much our mentality all the way through that particular run really it was really I mean you played centre mid that day as well didn't you you were in the middle of the park and it was a great day and that for me as I say on the back of going to the league cup final against Liverpool you know that was just even further sort of if if we needed any other incentive to move on this was it and more importantly we'd seen that the reaction of the supporters yeah yeah we knew now now we've got a chance to start to deliver to these incredible supporters like they'd seen in the past with you know all people in Kendall and all all them great teams did that in the past and we knew this was our time and we knew we had to keep that going yeah but we were that was really determined then to go into the next season and go away we've got to keep this going I mean that the waffa game you just we were so dumb I know they had a couple of early opportunities but we were we were so dominant and obviously shabby and Andy Grayscord and it was incredible and that feeling I still remember it as a kid but it still doesn't go anywhere it was incredible but then obviously we get to the summer and Paul Bricewell's brought in by Howard and we have you know we have the Trichy Reds at Wembley for the year the curtain raiser in the charity shield and we beat them you know we beat them about I know a brusie bonus shabby likes to claim it doesn't he but it was a go go finish from Grobola but again that you know that just kind of reaffirmed that we were on to something there we've just won the FA Cup we've just beat Liverpool at Wembley in the charity shield game and you must have felt like that as a group you know you know as well as anybody that's not a charity game private in Liverpool no chance it might be called charity shield but trust me when you're on that field there's nothing charitable going on that day you know and we knew and we knew how important it was for us to put a marker down yeah you know when we said before the game charity shield or no charity shield we're putting a marker down here before we start yeah you know so yeah we were ready from the start you know and we'd spoke pre-season about the expectations this year right and maybe people thought we were it was a bit fanciful but internally we were thinking we're taking out everybody on we don't need we're not afraid of anybody now so we're looking at the top end of this table not mid table or maybe finishing in the top six we're looking at the top now so it was yeah that was the the real mentality of that group going into that season unbelievable and then I remember we had spares around and we took the FA Cup round before the game and it was a lovely party atmosphere and we come out and we get a penalty you scored a pen it's all going to plan and then in typical everton fashion that John Shadozie who mentioned before as a stormer and we end up losing 4-1 don't we and we all like but what was mad about that was even though it was a bit of a shock to the system you were kind of like okay you know that's happened but I think the more fearful one was West Brom a couple of days later when again you scored but we lost 2-1 at West Brom so played 2 lost 2 were you was there any was the doubts creeping in or was there a case you know we just haven't really got going yeah yeah I think it was more that we haven't started yet and you know the group that we had there was we you know that group wasn't shy and letting each other know that we're not playing well or individually letting you know that we're not playing well so then we did we go to Chelsea on a Friday night on BBC one yeah great hit in that strip there yeah bit blue socks yeah and did your scores and and a great win a great win really yeah and then we started on started then to get going and you know but but that was for me we had a spell during that little run building up in that room where we were then starting to play some of the best football we ever played yeah played in my time at club some of the football we played was unbelievable even sharp he was absolutely and now Andy Gray didn't he couldn't get in because remember speaking to Andy Gray and he was like I had no I couldn't moan because he didn't sharp were unbelievable he said so just that's a sit there and enjoy it because he was brilliant and she's now we're starting to really settle in she's we're settling in and Trev you know so now we started to play some thought was it man United we beat was it United and that run then five nil five beat them you scored you and she could have been by the way you haven't seen that game could have been eight or nine are we battered them absolutely we had we had we had man you on the satay and she we beat them five nil we then went to United on the Wednesday in the league cup and beat them two one and then we went to and we'd won at Amfield as well so we'd had three big games and won all three of them and you write that momentum just started going and going didn't it and we just we looked unbelievable and you know everybody says it but then you start to play with proper confidence you've got a belief in the group you believe in yourselves but then you start to get a belief in each other and then everybody games against alibi because everybody thinks they can do everything you know I always say that at that time I don't think there was a better player than kemi shidi in English football full stop okay because there's nothing he couldn't do now he's scoring goals making goals you know he had the one of a left foot and like the people like me in Sharpie he was an absolute dream to play with because you knew that if you made the run hey it's on your chest or whatever you know great great play and then Trevor was coming on and he was cutting infield and Gary was going on the overlap you know it was you know it was it was a great team to play in at that particular time you were on and we've obviously got to talk about it you were on fire you'd had 13 goals by december the first 11 league goals I remember the calls for england with you know I remember Derek Hatton's famous story that he'd said to your daddy he'd say on question time you had to be picked for england and he got it in at the end but you know Sheffield Wednesday at home and it I don't really want to talk about it too much because it's still I still get the all up in me throw because it was just it was scandalous but I'm really really did give a little bit a bit of retribution but you know what's incredible I've been talking about this now yeah I was on the phone with Brian Moore yesterday okay for about an hour right okay fair enough so it's amazing how it all comes around I'm talking to you today we're talking about talking about that incident I was on the phone with him for about an hour yesterday so he's a good friend of mine right okay and believe it or not yeah but he uh no I think the retribution that he that he took after after the tackle summed up what everybody felt about it yeah and he always said that it was and and I was never crazily angry at him because I've done them tackles right it's a forward he's lost the ball chasing back trying to win the ball back right and trust me yeah I don't think any player goes out to really injure somebody the way that he did but obviously it was a huge blow for me because not only was a top goal scorer in the country at the time you know me and Reedy were at Manchester United on the Wednesday and um Bobby Robson who was then manager came and told me that I'd be playing in the next squad I'd be picked in the next England squad so that was a double whammy when I'm sitting lying in hospital on Sunday you know the the realisation that the England squad was coming out on the Monday and I was going to be in it so that was disappointing but did you know and as I always say when I did you know straight away it was yeah not it for us when I said I don't know if you ever remember watching the footage I go and sit down next to Howard on the bench and he he starts rubbing my leg and I think you'll be okay and probably one thing that nobody has seen as I get up I saw a crumble underneath my leg crumbles underneath me and then it then it was a case of I realised and then within 10 minutes you know I'm sort of sweating I'm going got the shakes and so I realised it was it was something bad you know and um yeah it was a tough tough nine months I mean obviously great thing was they'll go on to honey yeah no the great thing was Howard kept me involved this minute I came back into the club obviously I started to work hard but I've virtually wanted every away trip right you wanted to keep the group together yeah yeah and you know I was always quite loud in the dressing room as well and I certainly wasn't going to let that affect what I was prepared to give to the guys you know what I mean yeah yeah so it I went all the game all the games travelled on the boats went with the guys and it was uh it was disappointing not to be playing great to be still with the group and obviously you know there's a touch touch on it in the movie Howard's way then the night in Rotterdam was probably the only night that it really got to me emotionally yeah yeah and I'm sitting at the back of the stand with Higgy Mark Higgins and both of us looking at each other what we give to be down there to and and because it was a European game we couldn't even get in the locker room locker room sounding American now in the changing room yeah I couldn't even get in the changing room before the game you know so it was one of the few occasions that you just felt I'm not a part of what we're doing here you know and that was a that was a tough night that was because obviously we've won we've won the league and I remember yeah when she scored against Luton with the free kick and you're running on you know running on the pitch even though you're injured and things like that so you were there and and then obviously I mean a big thing as a supporter was obviously losing some Manchester United in the the 85 cup final because that we would have done the double before that lot and that I think that would have given that team the credit I think more people would have took notice if we'd have won the FA Cup as well and a few days later rest we probably wouldn't want it as well we were that good yeah I think so and people people underestimate the emotional high you get on when you win something like that yeah you know a European trophy and it's like everybody is such and no matter who you are it's difficult after the Lord Mayor show a little bit after even though it's a cup final and and as I say I think even in the extra day if that game has been playing on a Tuesday night or something I just think an extra little bit of time would have would have let the guys recharge and get get themselves down to them bring themselves back up you know can it was just gonna say I've asked with the film we spoke to a lot of the 85 side and I asked them all the questions so I'm gonna ask you do you think do you think we would have won the European cup because obviously the ban came in that that closest that team for me was incredible and linear come as well and we were so strong yeah do you think yeah yeah yeah well you look back and you think well how many teams were better than you how many teams could you see at that particular time there was certainly nobody in England no and whatever we think England they're always there or thereabouts in the European cup finals or whatever yeah that particular time went in it regular regular you know so yeah I think you know just the shade disappointment I remember I remember where I was and speaking to Reedy the phone went it was Reedy and I anyway have you heard that we've been banned for five years and I'm like I couldn't take it in I mean what do you mean we've been banned yeah said the bans from all European competition so I'm like what next year there's no no and it was like the realisation a few days later that and that was when I started to fear for the group yeah because thinking you know what would they start to break up and you know but no it was a huge blow it was a huge blow and and you know something we'll we'll always we'll always think about yeah what could have been what might have been but you know the bottom line is we could only do what we could do and play to what we had yeah you know on a personal note you come back for the charity shield and scored in it as we beat United there we beat man you tune illed me at you and Trevor Stevens so that must have been that must have been a lovely way to kind of get over that obviously terrible injury to be back at Wembley and score yeah yeah that was my first game back yeah and so you know put a better place to go than Wembley and score against me yeah longer yeah there's a few different types of headbutts in them days but no it was it was another obviously another trip to Wembley which is always special another another winning you know winning something else whether it be the charity shield whatever it was great to win because as I always say trust me you know there wasn't much charity they wanted to win as well oh trust yeah and uh and then we you know then and then the craziness of that season really we should have won the league again yeah you know but that was shadow of a doubt yeah some of the football we played was incredible you know Gary Lynx had come in and scored all these goals and you know Oxford away again and if you remember them towards the end of the season man you know Lynx could have conceivably had five on his own that night yeah must have had three four one on one and and then we don't win the game and it's you know it was so disappointing because we should have won it again yeah we were that season 86 85 86 obviously like you said Gary scored a lot of goals we won at Amfield and things like that and some some great results play some unbelievable football at times you were weighing in with goals as well and sharp and we just had so much firepower that when we didn't win it it was almost unbelievable you know obviously the Oxford game and remember Liverpool played less than away that night months soon ill and we were at Oxford and we batted them and it was less phillips that night wasn't it not Bobby mcdonaldi was in the cup yeah less phillips scored the winner and Lynx I'm saying this to Pedder on it on something else that he scored so many goals that that night is always talked about by Evertonians because it was unusual to see him miss chances and that night you're right I'm just gonna say but the simple reason is that he doesn't miss that yeah yeah that's that was it was he's getting butter you know like Gary's first to admit wasn't a great soccer player no no no but in and around the box in and around the box come alive yeah really good nearly every shot he added the target somehow he bobbled in off the keeper or in off the four post and like if there was anybody you'd have said especially the confidence that he had at the time yeah because he was scoring goals fun yeah for him to have missed them chances on that night he was one of those things that he'd go how the hell have we not won this game yeah and that was a big like you said they'd won it less than there was a big momentum shift you know it was yeah it was it was it was tough to take them you know they weren't Chelsea on the side are you I was saying again I was relying this to Pedder the other day because I remember we had Southampton at home and I were at Chelsea and I remember I was in the very front of the Gladder Street and everyone started cheering this is in the face that we weren't playing very well by the way in that game for whatever reason and I remember Gary Linux ago and like is it one nil and people saying yeah you know the false oh Liverpool are getting beat but they were actually but the next minute we score goals that were falling up absolutely blitz Southampton almost at will you know and and then obviously we come out second after players knew it was Liverpool who were winning and we ended up 6-1 win but really disappointing then we go to Wendley and you know no go on what was that like it was a disappointing end to what it really should have been a you know we out close all way to doing the double again through years on the league and then we're in the final with a chance to do it again you know it's but no I don't know that the final was we're cruise cruisy until the back Gary Stevens with the back the game is and it's it's strange game that this it's not the blood and cut and thrust of a normal Evan Liverpool game no which actually suited us at the time and we were we're comfortable during the match you know and then obviously you know the back pass gets cut out and you know it was meant to be I think for them that you yeah yeah it was it just happened didn't it and we had to dust ourselves down we got to the summer Linux it was sold um which was a which was a surprise to Evertonians he's had a great well cut and we go into that as opposed we went into the 86 87 season I think as fans a little bit unsure because we'd we've been so good and not won it and they'd won it I'm still confident obviously as a fan because we've been first second you know so you know you're going to be up there and you know I think Paul power comes in and everyone's scratching their head going Paul power but again another Howard masterstroke you know that he came in and for very little money and was excellent wasn't he great guy great guy Paul not only on the field off the field really really good guy as well um it's strange that summer I was I could have left that summer because Gary obviously I wanted to play up front and I was playing everywhere but up front playing the games and as you say chipping in with goals yeah well I had quite a few offers and Chelsea had been in and wanted to other clubs and um Howard turned up at my house my mum and dad's house in Stoke and I was I was just sitting in the front room and the door goes my mum goes Howard Kendall's here I went what like Howard's here and then he he went he came to the house and just said just so you know we're selling Gary and obviously my he said you'll be back up front so I signed a new deal there and there but you know probably not many people know that I spoke to Chelsea I spoke to Chelsea in the off season who were coming home yeah close to coming up with Bobby Campbell and uh yeah it was it was it was one of them things I thought I might have been leaving but uh as as I would normally does he does something on you know not conventional shall we say turns up at that house my mum and dad and then he spoke with them sort of softened them up in the kitchen for 20 minutes before he came into me okay and then when he goes oh you've got to stay you've got to stay you've got to be at Everton you know so ended up staying and then we won the league and that's right luckily you did then yeah then now we haven't had that before and I'm I'm glad I'm glad you scored in the charity shield against Liverpool the first game of the season we drew and and then it's up you didn't score again until I was just looking before diving in there against Manyou on the telly which we beat in 3-1 it was a great performance but then you know but what surprised me because it you see I remember like I can remember it like I'm sat there but I went back through the games and we didn't lose our first game that season till the 28 of September a Tottenham we'd start and I you know when you think back I didn't remember us starting that well but but obviously we had it was like I don't think we were playing well that's fine yeah we weren't playing well we were sort of we in games but not really convincing stuttering along over and you know but it was that was the sort of strength of the group then right this group was very resilient you know and pulled power from it and done great and you know I think Dave Watson had arrived then yeah he was there yeah he was in yeah so we started to sort of change it a wee bit and everybody was finding the feet had a lot of injuries if you remember that year unbelievable Kevin Langley was in then yeah I kept Richard playing Alan off we played a lot of games so that really was a group mentality because it was next man up yeah we were getting a lot of angels and people were playing out of position but we just did enough to keep it going you know incredible and I mean the club of I don't know whether you know this but the club of put a couple of those games the full games while we've been in the lockdown ever and I've had them on and they had the full at three o'clock kicking off so we had the knowledge game the four nil when you score a volley at the end she these perhaps a super goal and yeah you just volley at a great goal and we had a five one against Leicester over Christmas that was last week and that was another one another great great performance and we went in we were we were up there near the top and then we had a six game run over Christmas where we were unbelievable once six games on the spin and just got into that and then I think people started to believe then and you're right we were we were ravaged by injuries but people just come in and Harper was in central the park everybody unbelievable and Neil Adams was playing games Wayne Cork was playing Alan Orple was playing regular as you say Kevill Angley you know and everybody just stepped up and nobody missed the beat no unbelievable and that was the beauty of that group you know and the great thing about that group as well was it's so hard when you play when you're not playing regular and you win yeah and you think here we go I'm playing again and then you go have a guess someone so fit you're back on the bench and you go down yeah nobody did right everybody thought south that the bigger picture was more important than the individual and you know I always always said that was the greatest quality that group had that everybody put their own individual this is about me to one side for the good of everybody and we you know at the end of the day we all we all enjoyed the celebrations we all won't we all got the medal you know so it was but not enough was they they've had good publicity over the years since but at the time they probably did likes of Langley and you know likes as you say Alan Orple played nearly every weekend midfield was unbelievable brilliant absolutely but it poor power had a great year whether he played in front of Pat or behind him you know he was he was incredible everybody everybody contributed who's who do you kind of credit for being able to put make the group like that was it just you was players was it just the characters obviously Howard well we were in Howard and called yeah cock called you know sometimes gets lost and all of this because Howard was very much to figure out very much mr Everton yeah yeah but the day today nuts and bolts of being there every time you turned up at the ground you left the training ground at five o'clock call was still there you got there at seven in the morning call was already there when you got there like I when I when I was when I did my knee my first session started at seven thirty before the the rest of the group came in so John so John Clincord could actually work just solely with me I never turned up with Colin Orby wasn't already at the training ground ever unbelievable if people forget that you know that was what that's where call was brilliant of pulling the group together and you know the club is more important than some of the parts you know it's all of the all of the stuff you know there's no iron team and all that sort of stuff call was doing all that then right he was very much into the the psychology of the group more than people ever thought yeah yeah you know and he was brilliant at that holding the group together and holding everybody accountable be ready when your opportunity comes take it you know it was it was different class call unbelievable I suppose to just to pick in a couple of bits out of that season a disappointment was losing at Wimbledon in the FA Cup because we'd had three co-finals on the run I think everyone was we were feeling like we'd get there again and we just it was one of them we didn't really perform that day and that was quite a shock it was on the telly as well wasn't it yeah and we didn't play well but the one thing I will say Barry and this gets people underestimate this at times and I hated the way they play at Wimbledon yeah but they were tough to play against yeah that group was they had good players yeah yeah yeah that was wisey and sales and all players that went on to a big career but yeah and people forget that when people look at that Wimbledon team whether you like the way they play or not they had good players and they were difficult to play against you know they play the four all six two six three then they had quality bringing the ball in the box long throws and as much as I hate that style of football they were tough to play against yeah and they had good players back players that people actually ever gave them credit for and by the way going back to what we were talking about Oxford and Notts County that's probably the best team they've ever had as well yeah oh god with all this yeah well yeah well a year later they won the effort up didn't they so that's what I'm saying so you know that group that they had was probably and we didn't play well on the day no no you know we didn't play well no but we you know you know that particular time when I look back they were probably better than what most people thought yeah well that might mean that in a way might have been the catalyst you know Wayne Clark who you mentioned before scored that big goal of Arsenal to win us that game of high every we won 1-0 and we were on a great run and obviously we go to Norwich and pack comes up with one of the few goals he scored for us you know and and we've won the game yeah that was another one I always I always think of that one when Edward sits up and then goes in his chair flicks back and goes to sit down and misses the chair and you see Coltrane and Olaf I always think of that I know he sounds crazy we just won the league but that's why I always think about yeah because the camera goes on out yeah you know as they say he sits down his chair is not there but that was another memorable journey home I remember getting back to Balfield I don't know maybe two in the morning or something but there's a few scoops on the way back from that trip and Terry Dara caught on the on the mic at the front of the the team boys inviting people down that was another you know there's something great about winning the league yeah yeah you know the cup competitions are great but that last game in the season when you know you've finished the top of the table and you've beaten all the other teams and you've got the most points and you realise how much hard work you've put in since June July yeah you know the year before it's uh incredibly incredibly satisfying so out and the way that we did it with that group as well yeah unbelievably because we were talking before well we told me for about how good we were in 86 I actually think in 87 Liverpool were actually a better side they were more settled we were just we were just brilliant at getting results because it will be because we had to change the team so much so we were just almost like a machine of times which was incredible and like you said all the credit to the lads who came in and done two games and went back out and come back in and outstand it yeah and didn't wall didn't didn't complain kept the real group together and uh but that was a that was a special group to be around honestly it really was well how big a shock was it then when Howard left at the end of that season then for Bill Bow? huge for everybody you know I think everybody realised how people know how much the club meant to Howard yeah yeah you know he never knows that so it was a huge shock for all of us yeah but then once it it's a sort of settled I think it dawned on a few hours then Cole was going to take over and then I think Cole realised as well that that group needed freshening up and then we were going to start to change it around the wee bit yeah and um that really became for me was like the beginning of the end with that sort of group you're like yeah you know that that the band had really taken effect then and Trevor and Gary end up going to Rangers and Reedy's leaving and Andy's gone and it basically that group starts to to fizzle out really and it that was the difficult part for people who were left yeah was then going through a rebuilding piece with too many of the characters that you loved have gone off there you know I like I was on the phone with Andy Gray yesterday for an hour from he's in Abu Dhabi at the tower over here you know she's I spoke to she's last week yeah that group had a special relationship and once they started to break up you know it didn't surprise me then you know and I left that year I went to you know Espanol and so it was the beginning of the end of that group really yeah I mean I suppose the 87-88 season isn't as bad as what people think though because we won the charity shield at Wembley again the fourth one you'd won we don't know right in the league we played Rangers in an unofficial British championship in Dubai and lost on pens which was you know a bit of a mad one but we got to a semi-fine of a league cup and we're beaten by Arsenal and of course you'll remember this but Trevor missed the penalty at home we're getting beat 1-0 and he put the pen over the bar which was unlike him because he used to he was good at pens wasn't he and and we end up with a few games to go but 10 games unbeaten at the end of the season and we're in fair play yeah I can't remember that right yeah no that's what I mean because if that season's almost like us Colin are coming and things are broken up that season's almost like a lost season but going into the last game against Arsenal we were third and we end up losing 2-1 at home to Arsenal yeah I think that was Kevin Campbell's debut actually and um and we finished fourth which which isn't terrible yes you know but people have kind of you know people have written it off almost so the expectations were such at the time you know and that's what winning does yeah you know people get used to it and players do what like you say you would settle for fourth now oh god you were in double figures as well again that year in your which is mad and then obviously the 88 89 season was um we we brought I've just got to tell you this that 88 when I was at Everton as a youngster and I remember doing told this with Neff we were doing shooting practice with you and you said to me make sure you put money on rhyme and reason we were playing ports with at home in the Grand National and I know you're you know you're betting on all I said do rhyme and reason tomorrow when we'd be porting with them rhyme and reason once so good training session done well yeah you were also the fella that told me to take the ball round Neff when we were shooting he won't mind and then he led me round Belfield yes so nice one um the 88 89 season Coty Tony Coty come in Neil Macdonald shoot McCall pat Neff and that was the like you said the team really was breaking up then and um you scored a couple of goals early on but I was I was stunned when you left you were only 27 and you went off to a spaniel but what happened with that well the team was as I say the team was breaking up and the dynamics of the group were not the same right okay yeah and I remember I think it was Kevin Macdonald said he felt like he was coming into a marriage and you were the outside guy coming in and he said he was so hard to get in yeah yeah and I imagine it would have been an easy club to come and join it at particular time because the group that was still left was so tight and so it was difficult to break through yeah yeah and it probably was a great time for some of them guys who came in that year to break in and feel part of the group because I know what as an individual I was angry the fact that all that group that I had been with for the previous four or five years was leaving nice you know so it was um yeah it wasn't I think it was tough for Carl because the expectations of where we were and he was going to need time to bring this new group together like we we needed time yeah yeah this group needed time you know yeah and on the back of expectations sometimes you don't get it no no but I just thought it was the right time for me to to move as well and I'd always got this thing about playing in Spain or Italy okay and um you know something I don't regret but within it sort of a year and a half on back and I'm back at Villa yeah and then only there's months and an hour takes over at Man City and the first thing he does he if you remember he bought about six of us yeah yeah you know because Man City fans they were calling it Evans reserve team at the time you know yeah half of them went with me yeah Neil Point was there no yeah and Reid was already there and then you know Megson was there who was another ever so there's about six or seven of us incredible so yeah yeah it was uh but I have nothing but great memories and nothing but great feelings for the club yeah you know that'll never change and I always I always say this for to have to have played in a team that was the most successful in evidence history is something that nobody'll ever take away from any of us in that group because it's a special club and for us to have played together and did what we you know we did for for that few years was something special you finished with double figures every full season you had that evidence which is incredible but I mean people finished play 307 games and scored 93 goals so you know that's just shows you and you were in midfield after time and on the wing and soap and yeah so you know yeah I got I got probably one in three yeah yeah which is which is decent you know whether you play through the middle or you play out wide or in midfield but yeah I'd like to say it was great play but it was more to do with the group I was with I think it's uh yeah no it was it was it was a special group by you know they'll never take that from us I remember you scored the winner for Man City against us as well when I was there I wasn't too happy with you that day we lost 1-0 no you were I was getting sick by the way that day that's why I responded the way I did obviously like you just said you play for Villa City Stoke, Burnley and Sheffield United and you moved into management but you come back you were at Everton as a with Howard for a year which was obviously a difficult year but we stayed up ultimately which was which was a key thing wasn't it because things hadn't gone the money wasn't there I guess it was a tough time to be there yeah yeah I in hindsight it was only because it was Everton I got the job at Burnley and I'd been there for just about a year and it had gone well I'd completely changed the team around put a lot of young players in from the sort of the second team and I think it was youth team that wasn't the academy and we were starting to do well and then Howard rings me out the blue and says I think I'm going to go back Everton and I'm like really that was like for his third time I think and he said I want you to come in and be the assistant and it was just the lure of Everton you know in hindsight I shouldn't have done it because the dream for me was always to go back to be the manager right okay probably was for most of that group of players yeah for me the dream was always to come back and be the manager one day and going with Howard when we did I think probably didn't help that cause no because as you say we got a year later we got fired this we stayed up on the last day which although in hindsight it's nothing to be should we say pleased pleased about Everton football club staying up on the last day of the season but god forbid had we gone down I know how much it meant to Howard and myself and I remember that that drive to the goodison on the day we stayed over in the world the night before and like the hundreds of thousands of people lining the streets on the way up to to goodison from the tunnel from downtown and I looked at the group and we didn't have a great team and I thought oh my god I'm not sure we're going to be able to cope with the the pressure that this brings but we managed to get through it you know and we we stayed up and no it was it was that wasn't a great day something I'll never ever forget but like you say got the job done in the end got the job done but uh obviously you've had other spells and then you've moved out to the states and yeah Austin has techs first and then uh then became Orlando City didn't you and you had the best uh the record isn't it for the best uh star by a club ever in America with Orlando city yeah we lost 12 out of the first 100 games I think it's still the best start I think it's the best uh 100 games in anybody's history so we did well we had a good good as they call it a minor league team because we were playing in the US hour which is the league under the MLS then we moved to Orlando because we needed a bigger market they wouldn't give another team in Texas which they have done now yeah yeah um but that shows you the game yeah but no Orlando was great six and a half years to start with this little tiny club and to run out on opening day with 62 000 people there was was something special and something I'll always yeah I was there and it was it was a special special day because it's it's very hard very it's very hard to go through building a club for nothing yeah you know I always tell the story about when when I decided to go and fill Rawlins who was the owner of the club at the time who was the director of Stoke said to me let's let's build it I want to build the best team outside of Major League Soccer in America right okay well you're going to do the football and I'm going to do all the business so off we went yeah I get all my wife goes what's the name of the team we haven't got a name where do you play oh we haven't got a stadium you've got a training facility no we haven't got a training facility and then my and my young kid H goes to me what what calls the strip I go we haven't got a strip yet so that's how much it was any timpancy in them days so for six and off you six years later to to run out at the citrus bowl in front of the 62 000 was was an incredible achievement and it's something that I'll never forget because it was that was 24 seven you know different hats on one day in the coach next day in the driver and you were doing everything but it was a it's a special time in my in my life I loved it yeah it was a I go to Florida I come to see you don't you won't remember Phil brought me to see you at the training ground a few years ago yeah and um yeah we were doing me and Pedd were doing an MLS show at the time and there was goals every week so I flew out to Orlando and we played Philadelphia Union in 2010 it was bizarre but no but it was a it was a great it was great and you know I still I still want to MLS still look at Orlando and I've lost a lot of Minnesota which is where you've gone but were you surprised that I know I know that the dynamics changed and and a new owner came in to start to put more money into Orlando need to change things around but were you surprised that they let you go almost so quickly into the faith it was the first real sticky patch you'd kind of had were you surprised or the worst part for me Barry there is that I think we've got the third best record of any expansion team in the history and I've been through it twice now it's not easy you imagine starting a club and you have no players and then went in two months you've got to have 28 players and so to do what we did and as you say we people forget you know when you say a sticky patch if we don't want the game in hand that we do we had yeah we would have been in the playoffs so it was but the dynamics had changed and you know Brazilian ownership group you know I look at the club now I think there's probably three or four English speaking people in that club it's a full Brazilian team now South African team um so they've gone their own way they went in their own direction fell after me fell yeah and the disappointment will be will always be the way that it was done I thought that I deserved a better exit than I did you know finding out from a local journalist in the radio that I've been fired is not the best way of of leaving a club having done so much that we've done for six and a half years so that was the disappointment and then not being able to say goodbye you know to the supporters because you'll know I had a special relationship with the supporters there because you were very quiet on the touchline Adrian and you didn't air you never let your emotions spill over or get sent off or anything but but I I got to know the supporters groups because we started off with nobody so once you start to grow with this little supporters group you actually get to know them personally yeah and then another group comes and then you do something for them so you know that Orlando city fan base I've actually known them all individually and that might sound incredible but I did I got to know them you know and then a few years ago I the supporters wanted to present me with a prize on the field and they wouldn't allow it you know when I went back so it was there's little things like that if I've sold that but you'll never sell in my relationship with the club no the supporters and the people who go and watch that group sub team out that will never change when you swapped a climate that's absolutely roasting and I remember watching because you'd gone to minnesota you know again fanboy had told you had decided to start watching minnesota in the first game I watched that like three o'clock in the morning was in about 15 inches of snow absolutely busy because you were at the you had to play the american football stadium first didn't you and university of minnesota yeah yeah so what was that like what was that like climate we've got beat five or whatever in the first game and it was as you say it shouldn't have been playing no no not that we lost but it shouldn't have been playing you know stopping the game and having to put the lines on the field you know that's how much snow there was the strange thing was we'd have got nearly nearly all european and scandinavian players they had all south america and they are dancing on the snow it's fantastic and we couldn't give a feat but now it was a difficult first year you know we weren't prepared no um on and off the field you know I arrived um a day before december november and uh we didn't have any players and I've got to get 28 players by to be roster compliant as they call it in the next six weeks so we made a lot of mistakes but the biggest thing was that we have improved every year last year we you know we made the playoffs we were we were a decent team and I'd say this year we've moved it again again and we started while we won the first two games on the road away at Seattle away at Portland and away it was a really difficult place yeah and then we've got a home stand of four games right so i'm thinking this will be an incredible start and unfortunately corona said i want to stop that yeah it's took over and stopped us from moving on but i'm sure that we once we start back up will be fine house kevin milley knows he's doing okay he's had a good player he's had a couple of injuries hasn't he bad injuries but he's had two ACLs the poor kid he's he's back to his best now Barry and he's scored a couple in the first two games yeah back to the kid he looked like when he was i remember kaka coming to the club and asking about malino the first week in training going who's this kid i said it's kid we changed from Trinidad he went this kid could play for anybody in europe which is not not a bad no not a bad recommendation but he's back he's back playing really well again now so we're optimistic for him this year super super so fingers crossed we can move past this period we're in at the moment and you can because you must feel do you feel like your team's settled now and and you're ready to yeah well we know we've moved into the new stadium now we're going to beat the new stadium so any grounds done we all know what we should have been three years ago right but when the league come to you and go do you want to come in next year you can't go oh give us two or three years because your chance is gone now you have to take it when it comes and we weren't ready but now we're ready as a club you know we've got the academy going now so we're a proper football club now we've got a really nice training facility um so i'm optimistic the future's really bright for us yeah fantastic fantastic i'm going to let you go because you've you've took it an hour and ten minutes out your day for me written absolutely massively appreciate um superb the tortilla great to see you looking so well but before i let you go just very quickly how it's way film you were in obviously you're heavily involved in it but what did you think of the uh what did you think of the end product when you saw it no i liked it you know i think anything that i think that group although internally we we're really tired it was nice i think for people on the outside of the club to get an appreciation yeah of what the was and what it meant and what how it meant um you know i love the bit with Cole because he's one of my favourite guys in football my bad memory of being with when Cole's getting all emotional and he's at goodness and talking about Howard because they are you know they're everton to me yeah you know i think it was uh i think he might be Neve or Duncan who says when he when he thinks of Evan in the football club he thinks of Howard Kendall well i'm a little bit like that but i was so calling in as well yeah you know it was it's great for him to get some appreciation of what he did as well so yeah it was good to get everybody back together and you know as i say i keep in touch with all of them i just don't know now call those there you know we they can create their own history yeah and i don't say this glibly i i hope people forget talking about our team and now they can start talking about the 2020 2021 team and they start to win and i think they've got a really good manager you know i think uh i was really surprised when he took the job okay but i think listening to people who know him well yeah he's really enjoying it he's enjoying being at the club i did my pro license with the Ray Wilkins the late Ray Wilkins and uh he was working with Carlaw at Chelsea at the time and couldn't speak highly enough about him said he was a great guy great football guy so hopefully you know this is the the renaissance the birth of another you know period in the club's history where they can be winning things because it's uh it's a long overdue fingers crossed fingers crossed lovely to talk to you brilliant to see anytime mate and i will uh i'll speak to you soon eh well thanks very much adion being pleasure and uh look after yourself and see you soon we'll do and if you if you're over in Liverpool get in the studio and see us i will do all right i'll take your part cheers thanks adion take care mate so there you go big thanks to adion Heath there for taking the time on to have a fantastic chat brought me a all my childhood memories flooding back there outstanding you can see in she uh if football ever returns there's manager of minnesota united in media league soccer so check that out as well if it comes back make sure you give this video a thumbs up and subscribe very quickly if you're haven't because why wouldn't you if you want more videos join us over on python see you later


I'm Sam Dutton and I'm the author of Malignant Self-Love, Narcissism Revisitor. If you are a rebellious youth, a teenager, and you have not been diagnosed with conduct disorder, you are still at risk of being labeled and pathologized by the mental health profession. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual informs us that the essential feature of oppositional defined disorder is a recurrent pattern of negativistic, defined, disobedient, and hostile behavior towards authority figures, patterned and persists for six months. This is an unbelievable text. It's Orwellian, big brother, and it gets worse. If you are under 18 years old and you lose your temper, you argue with adults, or you actively, as the DSM puts it, defy or refuse to comply with the requests or rules of adults. You deliberately do things to annoy said adults. You blame others for your mistakes or misbehavior.  And who is to make these value judgments? Well, adults. Adult psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and therapists. All of them mind you, authority figures. What if you disagree with these authority figures? Well, they get annoyed.  Well, did anyone mention catch 22? And the charade continues, masquerading as science. If you're touching, if you get easily annoyed, for instance, by the half-baked diagnosis rendered by certain mental health practitioners, you are definitely afflicted with oppositional defined disorder.  It's called assertiveness. You're allowed to get pissed off when you're above the crucial, the utterly arbitrary age limit. Then it is called expressing your emotions, which is by and large a good thing and encourage. So the charlatans tell us that psychology is an exact science, not merely an elaborate literary exercise. The diagnosis of a positional defined disorder seems to put the whole mental health profession to shame. The diagnostic and statistical manual, this manual of the Potemkin science known as clinical psychology, continues to enlighten us. If you're habitually angry and resentful, spiteful or vindictive, and these traits impair your normal social, academic, or occupational functioning, whatever normal means in today's pluralistic and atomic culture. Well, if you are, beware, you may be harboring oppositional defined disorder. It is not clear what the DSM means by occupational, when oppositional defined disorder typically applies to primary school aged children. Perhaps we will find out in the next iteration of the DSM. The DSM continues, the behaviors attributed to oppositional defined disorder must occur more frequently than is typically observed in individuals of comparable age and developmental level. That is not very helpful, if the child is psychotic or suffers from a mood disorder, oppositional defined disorder should not be diagnosed that elaborates the DSM. Why am I bothering you with this tripe? Because the DSM is ominously clear, the diagnosis is not made if criteria are met for conduct disorder or anti-social personality disorder in an individual above the age of 18. But get this straight, if you're above the age of 18 and you're stubborn, resistant to directions and willing to compromise giving or negotiations with adults and peers as the DSM puts it, ignore others, argue if you fake to accept blame for misdeeds and deliberately annoy others, annoy. Do you stand a good chance of being diagnosed as a psychopath? Let us hope that the scholars of the Diagnostic and Statistical Five Committee have the good sense to remove this blatant tool of social control from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual itself. But don't count on it and don't argue with them if they don't. They may diagnose you with something.


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we discussed the following question which says, using the method of integration, find the area of the region bounded by the lines 2x plus y equal to 4, 3x minus 2y equal to 6, and x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0. Let's move on to the solution now. We are given the lines 2x plus y equal to 4, let this be equation 1, 3x minus 2y equal to 6, let this be equation 2, x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0, let this be equation 3. We have to find the area of the region bounded by these three lines. First let's draw the line 2x plus y equal to 4. For x equal to 0 in this equation we have y is equal to 4, then for x equal to 1 in this equation we get y is equal to 2, for x equal to 2 in this equation we get y equal to 0. So let's plot these three points on the graph so as to get the equation 2x plus y equal to 4 on the graph. This is the line 2x plus y equal to 4. Now consider the second line 3x minus 2y equal to 6. Now we will draw this line. For x equal to 2 in this equation we get y equal to 0, for x equal to 4 in this equation we get y as 3, for x equal to 6 we get y equal to 6. Now we plot these points on the graph so as to get the line 3x minus 2y equal to 6 on the graph. So this line is the line 3x minus 2y equal to 6. Consider the next line x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0. For x equal to 1 in this equation we get y equal to 2 and for x equal to 4 we get y equal to 3. So now we plot these two points on the graph so as to get the line x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0. So this is the line x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0. Now the line 2x plus y equal to 4 and the line 3x minus 2y equal to 6 meet at the point c which coordinates 2,0. So we have point of intersection of lines 1 and 2 is the point 2,0 that is the point c which coordinates 2,0. Now as you can see from the graph the point of intersection of the line x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0 and 3x minus 2y equal to 6 is the point e which coordinates 4,3. Thus now we have point of intersection of lines 2 and 3 is the point e which coordinates 4,3. You can see that the point of intersection of the lines 2x plus y equal to 4 and x minus 3y plus 5 equal to 0 is the point b which coordinates 1,2. So point of intersection of lines 1 and 3 is the point b which coordinates 1,2. We have to find the area of this shaded region that is the region bounded by the three given lines. So we have to find the area of the triangle bce. Thus area of the triangle bce is equal to area under the segment be. So this is equal to area under segment be minus the area under segment bc minus the area under segment ce. Now area under the segment be would be given by integral. Limit goes from the x coordinate of the point b that is 1 to the x coordinate of the point e that is 4. So integral 1 to 4 the value of y from this equation which would be y is equal to x plus 5 upon 3. So this is integral 1 to 4 x plus 5 upon 3 dx minus area under the segment bc which would be integral. Limit goes from x coordinate of point b that is 1 to the x coordinate of the point c that is 2. So integral 1 to 2 and the value of y from this equation which would be y is equal to 4 minus 2x. So here we have 4 minus 2x dx minus area under segment ce which would be integral. Limit goes from x coordinate of the point c that is 2 to the x coordinate of the point e that is 4. So integral 2 to 4 and value of y from this equation which would be y is equal to 3x minus 6 upon 2. So 3x minus 6 upon 2 dx. So solving this further we get this is equal to 1 upon 3 into x square upon 2 plus 5x limit goes from 1 to 4 minus 4x minus 2x square upon 2. The limit goes from 1 to 2 minus 3x square upon 4 minus 6 upon 2x and the limit goes from 2 to 4. So now putting the limits that is upper limits and the lower limits we get this is equal to 1 upon 3 into 16 upon 2 plus 20 minus 1 upon 2 minus 5. 4 into 2 that is 8 minus 2 into 4 upon 2 minus 4 plus 2 upon 2 minus 3 into 16 upon 4 minus 6 upon 2 into 4 minus 3 upon 4 into 4 plus. 6 upon 2 into 2. So further 2 8 times is 16 then 2 cancels with 2 2 cancels with 2 4 4 times is 16 2 2 times is 4 4 cancels with 4 and 2 cancels with 2. So this is equal to 1 upon 3 into 8 plus 20 28 minus 1 upon 2 minus 5 minus 8 minus 4 minus 4 plus 1 minus 12 minus 12 minus 3 plus 6. So further we get this is equal to 1 upon 3 into 23 minus 1 upon 2 minus now 8 minus 8 is 0 and here we have just 1 so it is minus 1 minus 12 minus 12 is 0 and 6 minus 3 is 3 so this is minus 3. So further we get this is equal to 1 upon 3 into 46 minus 1 that is 45 upon 2 minus 4 now 3 15 times is 45 so here we have 15 upon 2 minus 4. So further this is equal to 15 minus 8 upon 2 thus we get this is equal to 7 upon 2 thus we get area of triangle BCE is equal to 7 upon 2 square units. So this is the required area that is the area bounded by the 3 given lines is 7 upon 2 square units. So this is our final answer this completes the session hope you have understood the solution of this question.


So today we're going to be talking about how we can use behavioural insights to understand device decisions. So I'm just going to start with a quick quiz. What do the following have in common? Choosing between hearing aids and toilet paper stockpiling. Now it might seem like on first glance that these two things don't have a lot in common but in fact both of them, at least in part, can be understood by behavioural insights. And we're going to talk a little bit about that today. So behavioural insights includes the fields of behavioural economics and it seeks to understand what drives behaviour and why we make the decisions we do and the factors that influence those decisions. We tend to like to think of ourselves as fairly rational creatures. We look at all of the options available to us. We carefully weigh up pros and cons of all of those options and we use this information to calculate what's the best decision for us. But as we know humans aren't actually robots. And while we like to think of ourselves as rational, often we make decisions and we see others making decisions that perhaps could be considered irrational. But often while they look to be irrational, they're resulting from ways of thinking that are actually very predictable and BI seeks to understand how those different factors influence our thinking. So there's a huge number of principles of biases that explain our behaviours. For example, humans are really motivated to avoid loss. So we fear loss and we fear it such that we will actually expend more energy to avoid a loss than we will to get a gain of the same or equivalent value.  We like to think of ourselves as fairly rational information processes but our information is coloured by our beliefs and our biases. And it's also influenced by the way that that information is presented or who presents that information to us. So behavioural insights considers our thinking as resulting from two different systems. On the one hand, there's a system that is slow, considered, rational, it's the system that we tend to think of when we think about ourselves thinking about a decision. And it's where we like to think that most of our decisions take place. And this system too, as it's called, is where we like to expend our energy if we've got a really difficult decision to make. But it's fairly resource intensive and most of the time it prefers to hand over to system one. System one is a lot more fast, automatic and intuitive. And most of the time this kind of different balance of duties shared between the two systems works pretty well. But system one is a little bit prone to going for answers that are intuitive, coloured by biases. And so the results from these two different systems don't always line up the way that we expect. So BI seeks to understand not only those influences on decision making, but how we can use these to engage behaviour. So when is BI useful? As for many things at the moment, it's all about this very familiar curve. Let's consider a target behaviour that varies in how much engagement people may expend on it. That's along our x-axis, from low engagement on the left to high engagement on the right. If we think about participation, we can see that it could vary with the amount of engagement people have with the target behaviour. And on the left, we know that there's going to be people that no matter how much support or motivation we try to provide, really are just not interested in that behaviour and engaging. And no matter what we do, they just say nay. We've also got a group sometimes on the right who are really motivated regardless of whether they have been given much support or motivation. And that's really good because that's a group that often we don't need to worry too much about because they're motivated enough intrinsically to carry out the behaviour. The group that the BI teams are usually interested in is this group in the centre. This group in the centre aren't necessarily averse to participating in the behaviour but maybe they just haven't had sufficient support or opportunity yet to engage. And so BI's actually wants to flatten this curve to try and help those who are in this middle group that aren't participating but want to to move to fuller engagement with the target behaviour. So flattening the curve means understanding that for some people, a gap exists between what they intend to do and what they actually do. For example, rational me when I go to the shops have, I have no intention when I'm leaving the house of buying any toilet paper. I know that I have stocks in the house. I'm in no danger of running out. I'm not really concerned that there's going to be a worldwide shortage in the coming weeks. And so I really have best of intentions not to engage in any panic buying that I see reported on the news. But when I reach the store, my feeling of anxiety might be a little bit more heightened. And when I'm surrounded by other people picking up toilet paper from a newly stock shelf, my fear of missing out or looking at what those people around me are doing may actually make me a little bit prone to swaying from that intention and maybe carrying out a behaviour that I didn't intend to do. So BI's all about looking at what sort of things causes this gap between intention and action. And this is the context of where the behaviour occurs and the biases and difficulties that occur. BI is not about forcing people into action or introducing onerous fines to stop them doing behaviours that we don't want them to do. Rather, it's about building a bridge. We want to help people who actually intend to act to act in the way that they wish to. So where can BI be used for hearing health decisions? We know people say that hearing is important to them, but we also know that this doesn't always translate into action. We know that more people need help than make the decision to seek it. We know that more people would benefit from hearing aids than choose to get fitted. And we also know that many people are choosing hearing aids that may be not the best ones for their hearing needs. And is this decision we want to talk to you about today? So for a little bit of context, we're working with clinicians in Australia who are having conversations with first-time clients with aidable loss who are seeking help under the Hearing Services program. Within this program, clients can choose between an entry-level basic device, which is fully subsidised, or they can choose to contribute their own money towards a higher-level device, which is partially subsidised. And this is the decision that clinicians and first-time clients were working through. So we said before that we're looking for gaps between intention and action. So where are the choice gaps? When we asked clinicians about higher-level devices for clients, they told us that they really believe that those high-level devices provide many superior experiences to the entry-level devices. And in fact, they believe that 65% of their clients would benefit from these added benefits. So the clinician's intention was to have a supportive discussion with all of their clients who they believed would benefit. But they also told us that those conversations were often difficult and they believed that maybe only about 41% of clients were actually interested. Further, the clinicians almost so noticed that there was a gap between those clients who were interested and intended to go ahead with higher-level devices and those who actually did proceed. They saw a gap between these two groups. There was a concern that clients were missing out on the benefits that high-level devices could provide them, not because of the lack of interest, but because of behavioural barriers. So the focus of this work is really to close those gaps to improve device discussions and also to help clients make an informed choice, choosing the level of technology that is ripe for their circumstances. And we did this work using a BI research process. We started by learning about the context in which the decisions were taking place in the background. And then a big part of this, though, was understanding the beliefs and the experiences that make up that context in which decision-making occurs. So one of the behavioural insights we looked at was confirmation bias. So why are beliefs important? The world is full of objective facts and personal beliefs. And when we bring them together, they don't really always line up together. We tend to focus on things that confirm our beliefs. And we tend to ignore all of those objective facts out there in the world that maybe don't confirm our beliefs. So we view the world through the lens of our personal beliefs. We interpret information through this and we respond to the world in kind. So what were the beliefs at play? One of the questions that we asked both clinicians and clients was their beliefs around the benefits of high-level devices compared to these more basic entry-level devices. And once again, the clinicians responded and told us that they believed these high-level devices were significantly better for their clients than the entry-level devices. But they again told us that, look, we think that our clients don't believe this quite the same way and they're not as convinced. Interestingly, though, when we asked our clients, they said that they actually did see benefits of high-level devices compared to entry-level devices. But the really interesting finding came when we asked clients to tell us about what their clinicians believed and to reflect on this. And clients said that they thought the clinicians weren't quite as convinced as they were about the benefits of entry-level devices. So this is an interesting mismatch and why does it occur? What's happening in these conversations? Well, we said before that clinicians believed that the high-level devices would be something the clients would benefit from, but they also believed that clients weren't interested in having these discussions about these devices. So when confronted by client questions, they were at risk of interpreting them through this lens and confirmation bias starts to pay a part. As a result, when confronted with questions about from clients about the different devices, clinicians tended to interpret these as resistance on the client's part. And they responded by reassuring them that entry-level devices would be fine for their needs. Clients, in turn, responded, as you might expect, by taking their clinician's advice. And we see the loop closing where the clinician is, has their bias confirmed? Has their belief confirmed that, yes, the clients weren't interested in those high-level devices? And this loop we refer to as a self-fulfilling prophecy. These things that we expect to be true, the beliefs that we hold, actually are driving the behaviors and fulfilling what we believe to see, that we expect to see. Now, I should note that there's a number of specific beliefs, which the clinicians held about why clients wouldn't be interested in discussions, would be resistance to these discussions. And we found that when the questions from the clients matched up with these sort of triggering beliefs, the confirmation bias and the self-fulfilling prophecy was even more likely to occur. So how about in the choice of making a choice about devices itself? What influences decision-making? Let's give a little bit of a sticky example. So the scene is your local supermarket and on offer as a big display of jam. Now, on day one, the marketers set up their stall, providing a limited choice of six flavors and they get a bit of interest. On day two, they see that they have some more stocks out the back and they actually put out a lot more flavors of jam. And as you might expect, people love choice, even more crowds flock to the stalls to sample the jam. So the question to you is, given these two scenarios, which day will customers be most likely to buy jam? We know that people love choice, we know that that interests them and attracts them. But what the researchers found was that actually on the days where there were more limited flavors, the sales of jam actually were much, much higher on the days than there was lots and lots of choice. And they explained this in relation to something called choice overload. Having too many choices overloads the system. The fear of losing, in this case, choosing the wrong jam is actually really, really overwhelming and decision-making gets hard. This example probably will ring true to anybody who has taken a small child to an ice cream parlor that has more than about three flavors. The decision-making is incredibly difficult as you can see. So what causes choice overload? Remember this careful but resource-intensive system two. Choice overload makes thinking pretty hard and realistically system two is a little bit lazy. And so there's various things that can contribute to putting system two off the task. If we need to make multiple decisions, the system becomes increasingly fatigued and overloaded. If the perceived size of the choice makes the decision a difficult one, if it's perceived to be a big consequence, there is more likelihood of overload occurring and the complexity of the choice. If there are multiple options or attributes that are difficult to compare or if there's not an easy, salient, obvious choice, choice becomes more difficult. In this situation, system two finds thinking really hard and is looking to system one to help out. The problem is that system one has three main drives. Avoid loss, avoid loss, avoid loss. System one isn't really designed to cope with complex decisions, but it has a number of shortcuts and all ways of dealing with difficult situations. And in this situation where choice is overloading the systems, system one reverts to a no-choice response.  If we can delegate the choice, the risk of us making the wrong decision is lowered because we can blame it on somebody else. It might look like going with some sort of short path, a safe or no-risk option, maybe a default, something that we've chosen before. Or it may even mean walking away from the decision altogether. We can't regret a decision if we don't make it. And so choice overload can lead to a situation where people are not making informed choices but are in fact just trying to minimise their feelings of regret from making a bad choice. So it was principles like these that we identified as part of our research process. Having identified some of the general principles, we were looking at the specific situations in which they occurred and looking for specific interventions to address them. We tested these with a group of pilot clinicians and rolled them out more broadly following that pilot. And the big question I guess from everybody's wants to know is can those interventions actually make a difference? And what we found was, yes, they could. We found that addressing some of the biases that we saw in appointments really increased clinicians' confidence with the things that they previously reported as difficult. They found themselves much more confident minimising bias, discussing device choices and discussing price. And they also said that those interactions, they felt to be more meaningful and more comfortable. They found the more positive conversations helping their clients to make an informed choice. We also found during the pilot that having those better conversations also led to clients choosing a greater number of high level devices. So in the pre-intervention period compared to the pilot intervention period, we actually saw a 50% increase or greater than 50% increase in the number and proportion of the proportion of clients who are going ahead with high level devices as compared to before. And the most important people in the room often are the clients, of course. And the good news is that we also saw happy clients to give leave them with the last word. The clients felt a lot more comfortable within the conversations. They felt that they were being informed but not pressured to make a decision. And this was really important. I just wanna thank to, give thanks to all of our BI researchers who've worked on this and other projects in the now BI research group and who have helped with the research.


Hi and welcome to the session, let us discuss following question, question says, if x multiplied by under root of 1 plus y plus y multiplied by under root of 1 plus x is equal to 0 for x greater than minus 1 and less than 1 prove that dy upon dx is equal to minus 1 upon plus x whole square. Let us start the solution now, we are given x multiplied by under root of 1 plus y plus y multiplied by under root of 1 plus x is equal to 0. Now, this equation can be written as x multiplied by under root of 1 plus y is equal to minus y multiplied by square root of 1 plus x. Here we have subtracted this term from both the sides. Now, squaring both the sides, we get x square multiplied by 1 plus y is equal to y square multiplied by 1 plus x. We know square of this term is equal to this and square of this term is equal to this. Now, this can be further written as x square plus x square y is equal to y square plus y square x. We have multiplied x square by this bracket and y square by this bracket. Now, subtracting y square from both the sides, we get x square minus y square plus x square y is equal to y square x. Now, subtracting x square y from both the sides, we get x square minus y square is equal to y square x minus x square y. Now, here we will apply the formula for a square minus b square.  So, we can write x square minus y square is equal to x plus y multiplied by x minus y. On right hand side, we will take x y common and we will get y minus x inside the bracket. Now, this can be further written as x plus y multiplied by x minus y is equal to minus x y multiplied by x minus y. Taking minus 1 common from this bracket, we get minus x y multiplied by x minus y. Now, this bracket and this bracket will cancel each other. Now, we get x plus y is equal to minus x y. Now, subtracting y from both the sides, we get x is equal to minus x y minus y. Now, we will take minus y common on right hand side. Now, taking minus y common, we are left with x plus 1 in the bracket. Now, we get x is equal to minus y multiplied by x plus 1. Now, dividing both the sides by x plus 1, we get x upon x plus 1 is equal to minus y or we can simply write it as y is equal to minus of x upon x plus 1. Here, we have multiplied both the sides by minus 1 to get the value of y. Now, let us find out derivative of y with respect to x. Now, differentiating both the sides with respect to x, we get dy upon dx. We will calculate derivative of this term by quotient rule. Now, this would be equal to x plus 1 multiplied by derivative of minus x minus minus x multiplied by derivative of x plus 1 upon x plus 1 whole square. Now, this implies dy upon dx is equal to x plus 1 multiplied by minus 1. We know derivative of minus x is equal to minus 1 minus minus x multiplied by 1. We know derivative of x plus 1 is equal to 1 upon x plus 1 whole square.  Now, x and plus x will cancel each other and we get dy upon dx is equal to minus 1 upon x plus 1 whole square. So, we get dy upon dx is equal to minus 1 upon x plus 1 whole square. This is our required answer. This completes the session. Hope you understood the session. Take care and have a nice day.