Ladies and gentlemen welcome back to another fixture form if you want to get involved we need three reps at 70% high definition filmed horizontally sent to askmikkeatgmail.com that's askmico2ksatgmail.com and you may be selected for our next fixture form video we got some conventional polls to start off the day my man if we can again with the angles we need a direct side angle and maybe a direct front angle this is a little bit behind so those plates cover up your body so it's hard to see but from what I can see right here everything looks really really solid man backs in a really good position looks like you're loading up those hamstrings next in a good spot it seems like the barbell is close to you I prefer people spend a little bit more time on the ground in between sets although that one's a little bit better even though we are slow motion sometimes just a touch and go a rep well one get you out of position and two you obviously get the momentum whether you're using bumpers or not and it will take away some of that strength or make it easier at the bottom you know one to maybe even a foot off of the ground and we want to make training more difficult especially if we're trying to increase our one rep max or even if we're trying to just build muscle what we want to do is make our form repeatable for every movement so then if we're progressively overloading we're trying to lift more weight more reps more sets we'll know because we're setting a standard and then we know if we actually improve or if we end up just actually cheating the exercise more and more right to build more strength more muscle we need more sets more reps but if we're cheating the movement in between to get the advantage then we may not be building the muscle or the strength that we want from the form looks front my man it actually looks really really solid the bar is nice and close on your body as we said before backs in a good position shoulders are directly over the barbell not much to critique right there to be honest little garage workout got the running shorts shirt off summertime summer summer summer time summer time that's the the best cool in the gang slash Will Smith remix I could do for you guys if you want me to be a YouTube rapper just comment below I'll maybe come out with a verse maybe even a whole album I mean if Kanye can come out with a seven song album I could come out with a three song album and call it an album and maybe we could hit some charts I've always want to be a hip hop artist another really solid pole here looks like you're yanking on it just a little bit so what I'd like to see again we want heavy hands so we want you know if you have a hundred let's say you have oh it's kilos man get me confused let's say you have 200 pounds on the bar I want like 50 of those pounds in your hands pulling down on you before you hit the gas and pull as hard as you can what we want is tension throughout our system so we want tension in our lats and our back in our hamstrings into the grounds if you start to jerk on the bar too much one it can pull you out of position hips may rise early body weight goes in front of the bar and now you're in a less advantageous position to pull maximal loads number two obviously we're putting at risk a little bit of our back and our bicep going from zero to a hundred and trying to lift a heavy weight in a jerking motion will raise the risk of injuries and obviously we want to get strong we want to get better in the gym we do not want to get injured even right there you're in a perfect position except there's no tension in the system I can tell even just how you're sitting there so from that position keep your hips where they are and start to fall back a little bit flex those lats you can even see your hair pop up and down in the slow-mo this slow-mo is actually really good again it's not wrong but it's not optimal if we want to make ourselves repeatable so we can again have a standardized way to progressively overload over time to we want to obviously get stronger and lift most efficiently so we don't get injured and that's going to be the big difference between jerking and you know the common term is pulling slack out of the bar but a lot of people just say that term and don't explain it right we want that tension out of our system we want to put a little bit of pull into that bar before we slam on it that that rep might have been a little bit better I don't know if it's any different or it's just I've seen it so many times now that my my eyes are going wild but yeah you're still jerking a little bit knees are a little bit too far forward so maybe even hips a hair up and then again start to fall backwards I do think that's a separate set because here we go again with the slow-mo overall positioning is good guys that you know there's some basic rules we're looking with the conventional pole and even the sumo pole we want we want to breathe and brace our midsection where we want to breathe into our belly button our sides in our low back and really flex down making ourselves as rigid as we can from our shoulders to our hips we want our hips below our shoulders now this is going to vary depending on how you're built in the deadlift especially if you have a lot of mobility or long arms you may look a little bit different too we want our shoulders a dirt or excuse me I guess we're on number three we want our shoulders directly over the bar we want to get all the tension out of our system and then from there all I think about is pushing with my legs and pulling with my back and that's both for the conventional and the sumo deadlift depending on the person again it will look slightly different if you have a little bit longer torso and shorter arms or shorter toes or longer arms whatever it might be the hip position may look different but the overall rules the guidelines we're trying to follow are the same so again my man really really solid we just need to get some tension in that system before we start to yank on the bar I think we have one more full speed I don't know if he went up and wait or if it's still the same let's see what we got name that movie below and you'll win invisible balloon sent to you by a mailman that doesn't exist ladies and gentlemen if you do enjoy the content be sure to subscribe smash that thumbs up button we're dropping new videos Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Saturday Sunday and I know they seemed a little bit random but ladies and gentlemen I got a bunch of traveling a bunch of vlogs and a bunch of food on the way fitness is a part of my life it'll always be a part of this channel but we're gonna be cruising around hopefully share my experiences with you guys we got mama's voice podcast trip head into Texas coming up right now and be sure to check out mama's voice podcast on iTunes two new episodes a week it's with Omar esoph the one and only surf clam I think you guys will really enjoy it you know the podcast is a great way for us to talk about things non-fitness we kind of ramble sometimes we talk about life sometimes we talk about business sometimes we talk serious sometimes we joke around some hot topics or hot trend videos moving on to our next conventional polar let's see we've got so this is a common mistake I see to it it's not necessarily wrong again but I don't think it's optimal people will try to squat the weight up in a sense so when he's dropping his hips to get to the bar he's jamming his knees forward and over rather I'd like to see you almost tilt backwards and lean back and get those hips behind the bar the difference is gonna be one there's gonna be less tension in your hamstrings when you're jamming those knees forward and to your shoulders are gonna end up over the bar so a big cue that helps for me and I think many others is that see right there that's what I'm talking about and so you can even see his shins are basically fighting his lats on where the bar needs to go you want to pull that bar into you and you want your momentum almost heading backwards a perfect bar path for a conventional pull is either straight up or even back towards you so what I find is what we want is our shoulders directly over the bar but a cue for my head is to get my body behind the barbell think about getting your body behind the barbell and not rolling your pelvis under you and jamming your knees forward and that's gonna be very common in both the conventional and the sumo it is okay for your knees to go a little bit forward in the conventional and to have some positive shin angle it's fine to use your quads to get the bar moving off the ground but what's not optimal is to roll that pelvis underneath your back's gonna be in a not optimal position most of the time even though my man here keeps it pretty flat and then to again your body which could be moving forward momentum is gonna be moving forward again guys if you can send these horizontal so we don't get some footage that looks like this we got more conventional polls it's just a conventional day you know what I mean but you know what the people say you know what the people say my friends conventional is a little bit like fucking and sumo we got to make that love there's not right or wrong to either one of them it's just how it goes overall looks really good dude hopefully we got a side angle here so I'd like to see how low your hips get the bar seems like it's staying really really close from this angle it looks like everything's in a really solid position one thing as always guys we want to make it repeatable so as much as you can focus on yourself you can film yourself and review your own footage from the front and the side and just make sure that you're doing the same things over and over just like shooting a free throw basketball just like going to the golf range golf you want each stroke each shot to look the exact same so then no matter what weight you're lifting whether it's 50% 80% or 100% or going for a new PR those repeatable movements not only are ingrained in your brain ingrained in your body and all you can focus on is pushing that weight as hard as you can because you've practiced perfect form over and over so many times from the front again it is hard but it seems like you might be a little bit over the bar it's a common theme today again we want our shoulders directly over the bar directly over the bar not in front of the bar so when you're looking straight down you almost want to have a exact same line and right here it looks like you may be a little bit too far forward which again maybe you're jamming your knees forward to get into that position or we're not leaning far enough backwards you know we could talk about kind of a teeter-totter effect where people talk about almost making that bar float hopefully this is the same gentleman I think the gym looks different dang it I think it's a different guy I think it's a different gentleman we got here but for my man in the back oh no it might be the same head position hat looks the same yeah so I'm kind of right I stand a half right what I want still is hips high a hair higher and start falling back that's going to help one pull the slack out of the bar to load our hamstrings by loading our hamstrings we have to shift our weight backwards as rigid as our midsection could be and shift our hips backwards and then two that'll automatically put your shoulders in the optimal position to pull ladies and gentlemen again I appreciate you guys so much five videos a week tell your friends tell your mama tell your kids hide your wife new videos Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Saturday Sunday I'm going to be back on the Twitch grind as soon as I get back from Texas we got more vlogs more food coming me and Omar are going to explore some Texas barbecue and hopefully share it with you guys and again mama's boys podcast iTunes Spotify wherever you want to check it out two new episodes a week thank you all for so much support I'll catch you guys in the next video I'm out of here


I turn to Pierre Jaquet, is president of the Global Development Network.  No, I'm now working from Paris, but still with GDN. But you're still in the Global Development Network. And you are professor also at the position. You have the floor. Thank you very much. It's quite difficult now because I tend to agree with all the analysis of risks that have been made so far on the table. And if I want to be provocative, maybe the question to ask is whether we are focusing on the right risks. And before turning to that, let me start with inflation. And I'm not critical of what the central banks have been doing. I think they have acted quite wisely and they have shown a restraint that is quite actually loadable. The difficulty is that we have not really seen real inflation so far. We don't have any wage price spiral. At least in Europe, we have a very strong increase in the prices of food and energy. So there is a risk of inflationary spiral, but it's a risk. And given the action of central banks, I think we could be quite confident that the monetary policy reduction will manage at risk. However, monetary policy is not the ideal instrument for that. We have a supply shock and we are reacting to the supply shock by restricting demand, which can be quite costly for the economy. So we need to keep in mind the fact that we are in a bind there. If we want to avoid inflation, we are using an instrument that is not exactly the instrument that we should have in our toolbox to address the supply shock issue. This is compounded by the fact that I've not heard any convincing argument about the cost of inflation. There are costs, we all know that, but it's hard to find a very convincing analysis of this cost of inflation. I would say that for me, the costs of inflation are actually focused on the poor segment of the population, which is certainly a big concern. But beyond that, are these costs high enough to forget about all other risks that are there? And the reason I mentioned that is that for me, the major risks today are not financial, they are political. They are in the fabric of society, they are in the demand from various groups, not only the populists, to understand what the economy is about. And an increasing number of people think that the economy is about enriching the rich. I put it bluntly just to be provocative. And for me, it has become quite urgent to address that concern. So again, I'm not at all trying to say we should accept inflation, we should have... No, I like very much what has been done. But I'm thinking that when we project to the future, when we share our concerns, for me the concern is not inflation, because it is under control right now. It may become a risk, yes. So we can list that. But we talk too much about it. The main concern for me is not there, it is in the fabric of society. And I'd like to just put that on the table for discussion. And I'm probably more provocative than I really feel, but just for the debate. The second point and last point I want to make is about crisis. I would agree that we are facing a very extreme moment of convergence of several crises that are unique. But I'd like to point out that capitalism is about crisis. And there are two dimensions of crisis. One good, one bad. The good one is that they help us find the actual value of things over time. So you have crisis, you have bubbles in the stock market. And when the bubble explodes, it reveals the true value. So that's right, because there is no other way to reveal the value except that having over investment in a stock and then discovering that this will not be the activity of the future and therefore the price collapses. So these are the good crises. Of course, the speculative dimensions of the crisis is a bad side of it. And this is not new. So what is new is that each of the crises that we see have specific short term causes that will differ from the previous crisis. But what strikes me is the continuity of the profound reasons of the crisis, which are very simple. These are periods of over investment followed by periods of over disillusion. And it was written already more than a century ago. And I remember several, of course, we had Kindelberger and Minsky, but even Clemont-Juglar in the 19th century wrote extraordinary passages on this characteristic of human behavior. As long as we are not able to deal with that, we will have crisis. And I like very much what Jeff was saying earlier about regulation and this loop between regulation and innovation. We regulate that creates an incentive to innovate to go around the regulation and then regulation becomes obsolete and we have a crisis. So we need to re-regulate and it goes on. So it means that maybe when we think about regulation, we should try to think about a continuous attention to regulation, a sort of adaptive regulation that tries to analyze risk in an ongoing real time basis. And we don't have that because each time we are successfully regulating, we say, who are we regulated? And we forget the fact that this is a short-term response based on the last crisis and not going to be adapted to the coming concerns. So it seems to me that what this situation is creating right now is restoring the issue, the debate between markets and governments. And as a believer in the markets, I strongly believe that we need governments to help the market work properly. And right now we have a problem of regulation and we have a problem of valuation. And part of the social risk I was mentioning is due to a poor valuation of labor. And I think that the crisis, the pandemic revealed that a number of low-paid jobs have a social value that is way above the wages. And that is something that starts being mentioned in the debate, not only by populists. And it's a source of concern that for me, it should rank higher than inflation because inflation, we have the instruments. And as you mentioned, Mr. Sherman, we have also the vast financial stability board that is an excellent job. We have banks that are highly capitalized. So in a way, we have been able to manage not too badly that side of it. There may still be risks, but let's not forget the deeper risks that are there in the social realm. Thank you. Thank you very much indeed. You were very provocative, I have to say, and that will trigger certainly a number of questions. I reserve the right to comment on what you have said, but not now. Thank you very much indeed, Pierre.


Welcome back to Kids Fun Science. My name is Ken. Today's experiment is the flushing toilet myth, the Coriolis Effect. Do toilets flush different ways in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere? As always, adult supervision is required. What you need for this experiment is a toilet and a tub or sink in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. So the question was how do I do this since I live in California in the northern hemisphere? Well, I contacted a very nice gentleman from StemShare and he was nice enough to do the second half of my experiment. So I thank Andrew very much. You guys please look at his information in the description below because he was of a huge help as I did not have a toilet or sink in the southern hemisphere. So special thanks to Andrew and StemShare. So we're starting with Andrew's video in the southern hemisphere with the toilet test and just flushing it. So by now everyone's heard about the myth that if you live in the southern hemisphere that the toilets will spin one way and the northern hemisphere the other way. And basically it's because of the Coriolis Effect, right? So Andrew's doing this in the southern hemisphere and we're flushing it, but it's just a myth. So it's basically as you'll see in these videos in the next 20 seconds or so it's the way the jets are pushing the water out on the sides dictates on how the water is going to go down the toilet. So you could have in the same hemisphere toilets go different directions because the jets are pushing that water that direction. So we'll see another time here with us. This is time in my and northern hemisphere in California. We flush it and we can see the water comes at a different angle. It looks like it's going counterclockwise. But once again, because of the rotation of the waters being pushed out by the jets, it makes it impossible to be able to figure out if the Coriolis Effect is doing its job. So we'll have to go back to different experiments to see how we're going to be able to see this work. Here I have a couple of satellite images showing the Coriolis Effect. Here is in the northern hemisphere. Weather forecasters use the Coriolis Effect as part of their calculations to work out how airflow moves from areas from high pressure to low pressure. The air wants to move in a straight line from high to low. But thanks to the Coriolis Effect, the air is deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere as we see here and it moves to the low pressure zone counterclockwise. And then we'll see when we go into the southern hemisphere over Australia, it's going from low area to the clockwise direction. So the high pressure tries to push it to the middle because of the Coriolis Effect. It's rushing the air deflects off course and by the low pressure in the middle. So the northern hemisphere gets pulled slightly to the right and the air keeps trying to get to the middle but it continues to spin counterclockwise to the right motion. The southern hemisphere is pulled to the left making it spin clockwise. So the Coriolis Effect really works in large distances. It's very hard to make it work in a small scale like a sink or tub but we are able to do that and we're going to show you that now. So the first attempt Andrew in southern hemisphere in Australia put the water in and basically waited about an hour and you see when he drops the food coloring, it starts to go counterclockwise. And that's partly because the water hasn't settled, it's still spinning around. So I asked Andrew to do another test and actually let the water sit in the tub for 24 hours. Therefore it would settle down and the water wouldn't be moving in a circular motion. So here we are, Andrew's doing a second test, 24 hours the water has been sitting there and he's going to let it out and he's going to put some food coloring in. And he starts to put it in and it's a little hard to see it first but we can start to see it's starting to go clockwise. You'll watch the next drop or two, here it goes, you can see it moving clockwise in that direction. So it is a success which is supposed to be pretty hard to do in a tub or a sink but we're able to do it. So great job, thank you Andrew and it seemed like waiting that extra time to let the water stop circling around in the circle and it did the correct effect. Alright so we're in my neck of the woods, northern hemisphere California and I put my dye in the sink and you can see it's working. It's going counterclockwise direction in the northern hemisphere so the Coriolis effect is working in the sink. And I owe a special thanks to Andrew and STEMshare making this possible to be able to have two different people, don't even know each other, get together and make this experiment. So thank you so much, remember to share and to subscribe and thanks for watching.


I hope I am audible because I am generally not a loud person unless my code is not working, which happens every other day. Good evening ladies, gentlemen and developers, no offence meant, just the added respect for developers. As was mentioned in the introduction, my name is Gaurav Khidrpal, I am coming all the way from the deserts of Rajasthan to Ten DroidCon. And going by the sessions that we have had so far I can confidently say it's been worth it. And I hope my session continues to be great. Thanks for coming in. Yeah, thank you. Pleasure is mine. A couple of things, you'll notice a lot of visuals in almost all of my slides. And then you'll see some text in red occasionally.  So, how many of you have actually heard about Accelerator Titanium? Okay, that's a sizable number. How many of you have downloaded it and tried using it? Not bad. Okay, so I am actually a member of the Accelerator Titans community. It's basically a group of volunteers who help spread the word on Titanium, who are basically contributors on the Titanium forum, who help document Titanium API and who also increasingly are attending such events in order to educate developers on Titanium. I'm not sure how many of you were in the previous talk on PhoneGaft, which actually ended with the objective of PhoneGaft Rocks. This is definitely not the objective of this session. The objective is to educate you on what Titanium can do, what Titanium cannot do, and when you should prefer native development and when you should prefer Titanium. So, this is a short agenda and the text in front is just a reminder. Post-length session, it's been two long days, so I hope I can keep you all awake. This is not sponsored by Tata Team, but I generally like the Jagure slogan because it helps people stay awake. I will be quickly walking through an introduction. I have been introduced, so I would actually like to know more about the audience. Then I'll be giving you an overview of what we plan to cover, the classical versus native and the India versus Pakistan debate. What is cross-platform development? What is Titanium? What is the mobile architecture of Titanium? How you can do Android development with Titanium? What is Titanium Studio? How you can set it up? Why Titanium? A small case study and then I'll open for questions. Okay, so I have actually been introduced, so let's phrase it as questions for you. Any school or college dropouts here? Raise your hand. Wow! Remarkable. School or college? We have a team jobs and affiliates among us. Otherwise, developers are generally too focused on the categories they don't drop out and when they end their careers, they are still developers. So I can drop out. How many of you are on the wrong side of 30? Raise your hands. Okay. How many of you are below 30? So actually you are all on the wrong side of 30 because life begins at 30. So yeah, I mean I have been working for as long as I can remember. The first app actually I made, it's widely regarded as the ultimate killer mobile app on all platforms. It's not any words. You can run it on future phones, you can run it on smartphones, you can run it on any phone. So I'll give you a couple of hints and those are actually dirty hints. It's a three-letter word. It's normally called a three-letter word in India and it's normally called a four-letter word in the western countries. Yes, so the SMS is the right answer and unfortunately I happened to be at a conference and I spoke about three-letter and four-letter words. They didn't get it. I told them that people in western countries use it all the time, we use it sparingly and then I started to get dirty answers.  WebOS, this is an Android conference so I'm not going to details but there are two main reasons why I want to mention WebOS. Anybody has word about WebOS? Anybody has worked on WebOS? Be honest. So I thought I was the only one working on WebOS in India. So the reason I took up WebOS was it's actually a mobile platform built entirely on web technologies. So it runs on JavaScript on a framework called NEO. And all the debate around web versus native and HTML versus Java or HTML versus Objective-C We are all talking about apps but here is a platform which itself is built on web technologies. And in case you have used the Touchpad or if you have used WebOS you would know that the kind of user experience it provides is actually at par with Android or iPhone. The other reason why I mentioned WebOS is because I have tried my hands at literally all mobile platforms wherever I found an opportunity to make money. WebOS launched earlier this year. I got in and I wrote two apps which were on the first hundred apps to be developed to be launched for the Touchpad. And I made a lot of good money in the first two months. In fact even more than what I usually make out of Android apps maybe in a year. Then the unexpected happened. HP killed WebOS and same day they actually sent me a mail that I am actually the WebOS ambassador for India. And they sent me a t-shirt. I love WebOS. A few days back I tried not to communicate with them. A few days later I received another t-shirt and actually I am wearing it now. And it has a touchpad at the back so I probably say that there was a time when WebOS was close to my heart and now there was a time when it is close to my heart. Android, iOS no questions. I mean these are the two platforms where the money is. The only reason why I should deviate from these platforms is if you want to take risks like I did and get t-shirts. Titanium, yeah I have been working. I have been following that platform for the last year or so. Unfortunately I am not paid so I will not say Titanium problems. Key interest in cross-platform frameworks. So I have actually tied my hand but almost all frameworks that I have heard of. Titanium, PhoneGaps, IncherTouch, RoMobile and there are a few others as well. That was primarily because a lot of time I was actually doing trigger development which I think is an overkill if you do it on multiple native platforms. And especially true if there is a website or a application and you have to develop a native counterpart application which does not involve any rocket science. Okay so this is purely out of academic interest about the company founded in 2007 in a place called Atlanta where there are startups, 18 employees. So it is actually 100 plus it is known phenomenally and phenomenally and over the next year they will be growing at the same rate as India's population. So they may not have the 7 billionth baby but when you can be rest assured you will be hearing a lot more of Accelerator. Then I got out at a place called Mountain View where worldwide presence was strong we see so lots of firms in the back. The icons that you see the first one actually represents, can anyone tell me what that represents? If you have used something called, there is another, sorry? Aptama. Aptama. So that actually represents Aptama and that is a company which Accelerator acquired sometime back. So there used to be an IDA built on top of the platform called Aptana Studio. So that is now Titanium Studio. The other icon it just shows you can build on Macs, PCs. The last one it shows that, so there is a lot of talk about HTML5 and we have got a lot of frameworks. PhoneGap is a good example of an HTML5 framework. Companies are actually increasingly buying companies which develop or use HTML5 frameworks. So PhoneGap is a good example I don't know why it was not mentioned but PhoneGap recently got acquired by Adobe. So that's one of the reasons Adobe is pushing for HTML5 now. So Accelerator similarly acquired a little known company called Particle Core and we will see what they produce on HTML5. So coming to the classical web versus native debate, how many of you here know HTML JavaScript? You know Java? How many of you know both? And how many of you know none? You should probably go out. So frameworks like Titanium, PhoneGap, these essentially bridge the gap between a web developer and a native developer. The web as we know it is one of the applications of the Internet but it's actually the worst as an unlikely hero. The best part is you can quickly write code in HTML JavaScript. It's actually cross-platform as long as you are implementing it as using open standards and etc. We will come to cross-platform mobile apps a bit later. Open standards we all know wherever you prefix the word open it's actually either HTML5 or if you prefix the word if you suffix something called a letter against open. It kills technologies like Flash and that's what Steve Jobs did last year. So Titanium, if you know web development, great. It's a platform that you could explore. Unfortunately most developers and it's probably a part of our education system that we are mostly taught maybe C, C++, Java. But there are not many colleges which actually teach you HTML and JavaScript. So native actually gives the kit to developers. So they find it more challenging as compared to HTML and JavaScript. If I say I'm a web developer, yeah, you design websites. So then there is another debate about performance and I'll come to this shortly. Hardware interaction. So in the last session also there was a question asked about if you want to integrate the Android SDK with phone gap. I will not answer about phone gap but if you want to do it with Titanium it's a very bad idea. So anything that involves hardware or is very performance intensive you should probably stick with native. So that's where Titanium doesn't fit in. Typically this is basically the future. So it's going to be, right now it's just mobile and social. Going forward it's going to be mobile, social and cloud. So you will see a lot of apps interacting with their cloud counterparts, like Amazon Web Services, Google App Engine and lots of other cloud players. The web has evolved so has the mobile platform. So two years back HTML was the way to build websites. It used to be deployed on web servers like Apache. Now we are probably between the second and third stage right now. So you have frameworks in Java like Spring, Hibernate, Stratz. And there are application servers like Apache Tomcat and there is Weblogic, WebSphere, Sanman. We are now getting to a stage where middleware is getting increasingly important and SaaS is actually just beginning to make its presence fit. SaaS you can, as I mentioned, AWS, Google App Engine, these are all SaaS platforms. If you look at the mobile platform part, in now it's been mostly native SDKs, HTML5 is now emerging out of a draft. It will soon be a standard cross platform tools. That's where phone gap, all these tools come in. Eventually we believe that this is coming down to an integrated mobile platform. One platform where you can move and as Aishman mentioned, it's hybrid apps. So you can actually develop apps which use JavaScript, HTML as well as native code. But we aren't there yet. So cross platform development, it's probably the most abused term in mobile development. So Java, I say it's evil because it's mobile developers. It said write old ones and run everywhere. Which actually it's not true at least in mobile development because when it comes to mobile cross platform, at least in titanium, it means that you can use a lot of UI code because there are wrappers for everything. So if there is, for example, if there is a list view in Android, if there is a list view in iOS, titanium would actually expose you something for the TI.Android.ListView and TI.Iphone.ListView. So basically the wrappers can actually let you use your code but there is a catch. You have to have a good design. There is no magic wand which would reuse all of your code. The objective is to provide the best in class experience on every platform. The objective is not to write once, run everywhere. It is to write once, but to be able to adapt it to run everywhere. So titanium, it's classical definition of titanium. It's an open source framework, HTML, CSS, JavaScript. If you haven't seen the site, the Twitter, the source code is actually openly available. This is the standard sales switch that's an integrated mobile platform for enterprise and consumer applications. So there are three main entities and the companies it's in between. Community, which I'm a part of. Customers, who get apps built on titanium and then absolutely ties up with a lot of companies. Okay, so what is titanium? So basically any titanium application can be divided into four parts. There are two parts of it, which actually you do. And there are two parts which titanium provides. So you actually write the HTML, CSS, JavaScript. There is Ruby and Python supported as well, but I've never used them so I will probably not cover them. Then you are supposed to write the HTML, CSS, JavaScript code. Then you invoke the wrapper APIs, which are actually an abstraction for all the native functionality. There is a language quiz bridge that compiles all the web code into native application code, and I'll talk about this in detail. Then there is a runtime shell that accesses the application for cross-platform distribution. So generate your APKs and the IPAs and the app files. Okay, so mobile architecture, which is kind of similar to what I just spoke through. The application sits on top. It's all HTML, JavaScript, code. Then there are the wrapper APIs, UI, UI API, own API, optional modules. There is a bridge for each. There is a bridge for Java. There is a bridge for JavaScript. There is the native OS update that below that. And just to give you an example of the kind of mapping it has to UI components. There are wrappers for nav bar, nav bar. Mostly most of the standard UI components that you're trying on both platforms. Okay, so coming to Android development with Titanium. How many of you believe that the UI is the most important aspect of a mobile application? Okay, those who don't believe that it's one of the most... What do you believe is the most important part of a mobile application? If not the UI. Okay, so we have consensus that UI is important. Characteristics of an Android interface. There is a touch. So there is no... You're asking if you don't need to have a back button. So there is touch as well as hardware. There is a back button. Activities are the backbone of your Android application. Interplaces are less homogeneous. There are phones of MDPI, MDPI, HDPI, Super HDPI. There are tablets 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 inches. And as a developer it often becomes a nightmare because you have to read the guidelines all the times if you have to support certain devices. As compared to Android, iOS is a bit more structured. It's all touch-centric. There are gestures. And Apple actually strongly encourages uniformly in UI conventions. It's slightly changed with the launch of the iPad and the Retina display. But it's still a lot more consistent simply because Android follows a multi-vendor multi-modern philosophy. So if you want to bridge the gap between the two interfaces and design a truly cross-platform UI, what should you do? So you should focus on the primary task. You should never try and enforce an iPhone UI scheme on an Android application and vice versa. Ideal advice is that you would probably start off with the same phase that you would do with a native application. Sketch out the information architecture for your apps, do the storyboarding, draw some wireframes, and based on those exercises when you get down to the actual design, just reuse whatever you can to use. Okay, so this is all Android. This has nothing to do with titanium as such. Just a quick recollection of how Android applications work. There are one or more activities. There are intent filters. You need to be very careful of the API level that you use. Intents, actions, categories, mind types, class names. Okay, so there is a task stack. Your app is already defined in three points. There are systems as well as custom intents. This is all standard stuff. Just a brief refresher in case. Can anybody tell me the Android life cycle, the app life cycle? What is the first stage? Okay, what's next? On create and then on stop? On stop. On stop, okay. What's next? So that's kind of good enough. Just checking. Use and launch of the app. Your intent is fired with a category and an action. I'm not sure it's very invisible. Okay, so what do you do with EI? As I said, the fundamental principle of titanium is to create a wrapper for everything that's there on the native platform.  How would you configure your activities in an Android app, in a native Android app? So there is a component part for DIA.xml in titanium, which is basically the titanium version of Android Manifest. Everything else, in most cases, follows a one-to-one mapping. This doesn't work when Android comes up with a new version, like for example, Android 4.0, or for example, iOS 5. That happens, but there is a definite lag to get to that stage. So most of the... All of the Android stuff resides in a package for DI or Android. To create an intent, you simply go to DI.android.createIntent. To access your current activity, you can fix it with DI.android.currentActivity. For follow-backs, you can call this an activity.startActivity for the third. So like you would place your... In a native application, you would place your images in the resources folder, where also there is a component part in the resources folder. This is probably not very visible, I mean this is, in short, your titanium version of the Manifest file. This is how you can create an activity and an intent.  So he actually brought up valid point, and it was briefly discussed in the last session as well. I believe you actually brought that up. So there is a fundamental difference between how a native app works and how an app will not get technologies good for. So there is something called a rendering engine, which would be typically on your browser, it would be WebKit or some other engine. Similarly, there is a JavaScript engine, which runs for all such frameworks. Currently, titanium uses a framework called Rhino, which is efficient, but it needs a lot to be desired. So ideal would be to use the same JavaScript engine. We use that in Chrome, Chromium, Node.js, and others. This can actually lead to a 2x performance increase, and in many days, depending on your application, it can go through 10 to 15 times. So that's some of the criticism that comes across for most of the cross-platform frameworks that my apps aren't performing well or that it's slow. That's primarily because it's doing a lot of stuff. So you are writing HTML and JavaScript, it's actually mapping them to native implementations. So there is a significant amount of processing involved in that bridge, and that's what causes the slight delay. Some links, you can probably look at it, it is shared, it's actually shared. Okay, so what is Titanium Studio? As I mentioned in the beginning, AppTenna was a multi-level editor supporting HTML, JavaScript, and other languages. The company was acquired by Accelerator, and they named it to Titanium Studio. They added a lot more enhancements. So for example, if you need to look at... There was another question in the last session, which was how do I know if a particular API is available or not? So typically in JavaScript, if I need to know if a Java class has all the methods, I would use sci-fi. So that is one thing which is available in Titanium Studio. This is a classical architecture diagram of what all you can do. I've actually not pressed upon the Titanium desktop, but you can actually build only desktop applications in Titanium as well. And then Titanium Studio lets you build, there is a debugger which... which has to debug your applications for Android as well as iPhone, and then you can package your apps as well. Setting up Titanium Studio is actually quite simple. Go to Accelerator.com. It's free for Mac as well as Windows. On Mac, you can simply drag it to your applications. This is how it looks. I don't like it, but that's the way it is, and that's the way they decided that it should be. So it's a glyphs, then it's aptama, and then it's Titanium. So to make it look different, they actually inverted the color scheme. Some people like it, some hate it. I am in the latter category. This is how you would create a new project. You will just go to File, a new mobile project, and it would create an empty framework for you. So this again is how you would create a new project. So when you create a project, you can actually specify what are your targets and create the required files. And through preferences, you can select Titanium, and that's where you can actually configure which SDK you want to use. So why should you use Titanium? So the question of why, there is a very good example. If you've seen an ad on TV, I think two or three ads in which they should worship and there is a gentleman explaining about it and at the end of their ads, this person asks, how much will it be? So that's what I mean. So unless you see a good reason to adopt a new platform or unless there is a good reason why it would reduce your development time, you should not commit to a platform. Good part about Titanium is the core SDK is free. I hope you can resemble the icon below yesterday. It was there in the party. I'm sure lots of you enjoyed it. It's open source under Apache Roto License. There is a thriving developer community. If you're a larger organization and you want to partner with App Generator, there is so much training and support available as well. Why Titanium? I strongly believe that between native and cross-platform app, there is a definite sweet spot. And unless you hit that sweet spot, you will actually end up designing the app on the wrong platform. So as I said, if there are apps which require a lot of hardware interaction or which are very performance intensive, Titanium is not a good fit. If there are enterprise apps which actually deal with a lot of web services or mashups, if there are social utilities, if there is a brand, if you have a Facebook page for it, if you ever put a feed for it, and if you want to design a lightweight mobile app, Titanium is a perfect fit. Calibre low-end games don't ever try the post 2D or the Android and send in with Titanium. Anything that requires cross-platform support and if you can visualize a web application for it, Titanium is a good fit. These are the stats as to where Titanium currently stands. 200,000 developers, 25,000 apps, some of the top apps, some of the apps built on Titanium which have actually made it to the top 10 or top 100. NBC was in the number one iPad app, it's built on Titanium and stayed on top for quite some time. I'll actually touch upon Tripling World, it's a classical case study of Titanium. Before that, another reason why you should adopt Titanium is Uniformity in UIs, so you should actually maintain platform identity. You can actually get away with an Android app, you can put a back button on it, it will be uploaded to market but then users will come back and say, he has a back button with the Android app. That's why Google will actually fill your app out. That's why it's important to maintain platform identity. Back button for Android is just an example. This is an example of how your same code would look like on an Android phone as well as on an iPhone. Case study, okay. So Tripling World, the objective was to design an app for travelers which can actually translate questions and I'm glad if you cannot see what the boy is actually doing, so that's not very aesthetic. This gentleman is actually trying to ask his way to the bathroom and the boy is making some weird gestures. So the Tripling World team decided, okay, they'll probably start off doing this natively. So the whole team sat down and there were some hard-working developers who worked throughout the night. They wrote stories, they draw sketches and they finally built an Android app, which was great, but it took two months and then they had to do the same thing for iPhone and you would probably have to spend a few more nights like that. So then they decided they'll actually try out Titanium and with a reasonably big team, they actually, following a classical agile approach, they actually hydrated upon it and they actually built out, they actually released 50 minor versions of the app in two weeks and the result was a better looking app which actually worked just as well on iPhone as well as Android. I would like to repeat this was an app which does not require any hardware or there were no major performance constraints and it worked wonderfully well. So I think that is it. I can briefly show you me and me looking at Titanium Studio. This is how it looks like. So I actually had it working but we had a bit of a disaster yesterday in the Honeycomb lab sessions and I tried upgrading my apps and I tried upgrading my Android SDK and given the condition of Wi-Fi, I no longer have an SDK. So unfortunately I wouldn't be able to demo anything. I think we've done good work. We've asked a few questions so now is the time for you to return the question please. Questions? I have a question. I tried out the phone gap before for this cross-platform. Now if you see the Titanium, so every different API for Android IOS is there in the separate package means when I end up writing code I have to say that this code goes to Android and this code goes to IOS. Now how it makes a cross-platform like same code cannot be too different without modification? I didn't really understand your question. For example if I want to open a camera so it does not need to say I am opening camera in Android or IOS it just detects better tasks. There are actually a common set of classes activity is actually specific to Android so that's why it's under DI or Android but all the common classes are actually generated so you can use them in iPhone as well as Android. But if you just end up using activity and all the things then you can directly write in Java rather than having a lot more on the JavaScript. And if you are only building for Android I mean objective is if you are using Titanium I mean the end objective should be to develop on multiple platforms or only if you are more comfortable with JavaScript than Java. So means you can mix both activity with the common classes. So as I said people usually put PhoneGap, Titanium, Sensea all in the same packet and the comparison kind of blows up everything. So what I wanted to know is what kind of solution is Titanium trying to deliver to the market which is not addressed by a combination of Sensea and PhoneGap? Yes so actually you answered the question yourself.  That's actually one of the reasons why a lot of people are using it with PhoneGap. So yes it helps create cross-platform application between Android and iOS and does it also help in various resolution streams which you find between iOS and Android? Unfortunately that remains a pain point so that is something which as a developer you need to handle but there are APIs which let you check that but at the end of the day it's still the same exercise if you are developing for Android you need to test on multiple resolutions, multiple devices. No scripts, no automated. Automation design and all that, that's still a pain point. I think device anywhere, the motion can offer two solutions in such space. So device anywhere is actually independent of whether you are using Titanium or whether you are doing native development. That's actually... And usually in web development when we have Titanium access test for web services we face cross-domain issues. So in Titanium that issue is a real result. No I've actually done a lot of applications which do that and I've never faced any issues if there are any specific issues that you think arise. Because I end up playing it from JavaScript. I mean so whether it's XML, whether it's JSON, whether you are filing a post request everything works as it would in JavaScript. If there were any specific concerns maybe I can address them individually. Yeah I hear the questions. Can we combine this Titanium and native development, native code? Yeah so that's actually a good question. That's something which I think Punga does at this moment. That's recently come out in a release of Titanium. I think it's still in beta so it's not available to the public but it's available to us as titles so I think you can expect it to be available within the next month also. But as of what I know it's still pretty buggy and that's the reason why it's in beta. Is there any reverse engineering allowed in this Titanium platform? For example you have let's say Android code for Android application and you want to convert it to iPhone. Directly from Android to iPhone. Why did you leave Titanium? I mean I didn't really understand. Yeah from the Java code. Yeah from the Java code. Can you reverse engineer and essentially create HTML and JavaScript? No unfortunately that's supported. That's a good idea for a startup. I saw the Android application but I actually checked the application on the App Store and I found the application looks like very much native application. So I wanted to know what sort of UI improvements they have done and it's all about HTML they have even in the full application. That's actually not developed yet so I cannot take the credit for it but I have it featured on the absolute website so I'm sure it's all right. No questions. Rather than Java to iOS code is there a way to reverse it in your Titanium Android code too? Titanium iOS code. That's not possible. In fact it suggests something like if there are few things like I know it should be like back button or something like that. There are few things like it is obvious that in Android it should be there and in iOS it should be there so once you do that in Android you should probably use iOS code easily or at least framework should be there where you can customize it. There is no mechanism to basically be able to convert Java code into JavaScript and I'm not sure if that's the intention anyway. Not a Java code to object itself. Just writing in code which I have. I'm not writing where... Yeah so I mean that's already a lot of the frameworks so if you create your UI components Titanium by itself will not create a hardware back button for you unless you want to do it. Unless you want to do it. There is a professional edition which is paid and so that's actually not free and the added benefits that you get is that you can actually become an accelerator Titanium, an accelerator Titanium yourself so then you get leads for projects for apps you can actually do a certification that they give you a badge and lots of other stuff. It's kind of same, the major difference is that there is something called a module marketplace where there are paid third party modules which you can integrate with your app so that's not available to community users. So that's the third party application which you are creating for the users of enterprise personas. The application can be used. Yeah it suffices. So I started out with community edition and then I ordered an application to the profession. Okay but as per the IE and the feature that I'm involved there's no questions. Any more questions? Okay. So let's wrap the session. Thank you so much Mr. Gaurav. Thank you for coming up. Thank you.


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Welcome to the show, it's me, John Park, and it is time for JP's product pick of the week. And I wanna tell you, these are going like hotcakes today. We just released an allocation we had set aside for the show, and I can tell from the chat and also looking at the page itself that they are moving quick. So if you want to jump on this quick, head to that QR code or this URL right here, you can still watch this show from inside the product page, but they are going quick. So head on over there if you're here to tune into the show because we have a 50% off on this week's product pick, and it's a super cool one. Before I tell you about it, I'm gonna have Lady Aida jump back in time just a little bit to tell us about this week's product. Take it away, Lady Aida. The new ESP32 S2 Reverse TFT Feather. So this is a lot like our ESP32 TFT Feather, except you'll notice that it's, the TFT is on the back of the board, not the front of the board. So reverse. But this also means there's a little bit more space, right? Because I'm not sharing it with the USB and the whatever. And so on the back, you've got the ESP32 S2, you've got a stomach UT port. And on the front, we've got the TFT. It's a 240 by 135 pixel RGB TFT with IPS. So it's a very beautiful little display. You communicate with it over SPI. You've got the reset button and three IO buttons and the D0 button is also the boot loader button. So if you ever need to enter the boot loader manually, it's also available. So you got on the left USB-C, you've got another reset button, in case you need another reset button. I always like to keep it there. Battery charging. Oh, something new is I've updated these feathers. We used to use the LC709203 as a battery monitoring chip. We've moved to the max 17 048. Shouldn't really matter too much for you. It's just, it's a very nice ultra low-power battery monitor. Take a back care. I'm like, remember, there's a Neopixel on board. There's a second regulator. So you can turn off power in the Neopixel and the stomach UT port for ultra low power. We're using the RT9080 regulator on these boards, which means that the power goes down to like 30 or 40 microampures when in deep sleep mode. ESP32 S2 module. This mini module has four megabytes of flash, two megabytes of PSRAM. It's great for Arduino circuit, Python use, that PSRAM makes it excellent for IoT projects because you can buffer your gigantic JSON data. Like I mentioned, there's a max 17 048 battery monitor. It's ultra low power, but you just get really good battery monitoring on it. It'll tell you the percentage and voltage of your lipo battery when in use. You got these nice big buttons in these days. The new penguin font, so nice, legible sans serif font. Secondary regulator for the stomach UT ports who can have sensors and then depower them for ultra low power usage. This is the main regulator, battery recharging, JST, PH4 battery for portable projects, USB-C and then as we've mentioned, this beautiful front screen and three buttons. Let me see if the, okay. So this is the demo. So if I have I2C devices, the I2C 36, that's the built-in monitor, reset button and then the buttons D0, D1 and D2. What's that spot for a chip? Yeah, I think so. There is a chip. Is it a QT vertical? Yeah, there's a vertical stomach QT yet because there's no other way to have it, but this smells so good because it means anything comes out the back. This is for a BME 280, but we don't actually place it on there. It's just sort of a vestigial sensor. One thing just to note for the sensors is the D0 button when you press it, it shorts to ground. The D1 and D2 purposefully short to 3.3 volts. So the reason is as we learn this with the MAG tag, for the lowest power deep sleep interrupt wakeups, you want to have the power switch connect to power not ground. And this does a better job of allowing you to have multiple buttons trigger different wakeups. Like if you want to have multiple GPIO trigger wakeups. So that's why they're, if you're like, why is D1 and D2 different? That's why they are. And yeah, we'll also do an S3 version, but I wanted to get this into the shop to start. But I think this would be great for panel mounting or a case. Yes, the battery sticks out a little bit, but you can kind of fold this under and it's slim and you can still use feather wings. You just stack them on top of this way, right? It's stacked backwards. So if you want to add ethernet or whatever, go for it. All the TFT control signals don't go through the GPIO, just the SPI. So you have all these pins available. Yeah, that's right. We've got the product pick of the week this week right here. Let me jump to the down shooter there. You can see it in all of its glory, that beautiful, beautiful screen there. And I'm going to keep this one plugged in just because it looks so good. This is my product pick of the week this week. It is the ESP32S2 Reverse TFT Feather. Unfortunately, we have sold out already.  But they are, I'm going to go ahead and unplug this one now. They are, I think, a really great revision to the existing ESP32S2 with TFT, which was on the top side of it. And that is largely because of how much easier it is to mount these into panels and enclosures. So first of all, let's talk about what this guy has got a little bit. So this is a recap from what Lady was saying. But the things I want to make sure that we mentioned, this is the 240 megahertz Tensilica processor on here. We've got four megs of flash. We've got two megs of PS RAM. This can do Wi-Fi, no Bluetooth, but this can do Wi-Fi, 2.4 gigahertz Wi-Fi. It has the native USB. It has a USB-C on it, which I love. It has a STEMI QT port for hooking up all your iSquad C devices. And you can see that that's actually one of the little vertical ports. Sometimes we use the horizontal ones. This is one of the vertical ones, which is, again, kind of nice if you're doing this sort of panel mounted to have that plug in from the top there. Still has all the usual battery charging. You can charge a lipo off of the circuit that's on there. This has these, let me jump to, let me jump back to the down view actually for a second to look at some of these great features on here. So you can see here we have, grab something to point with, we have these three user buttons here, and they're labeled D0, D1, and D2. D0 is also the boot button. So you can, if you need to do a boot select and reset to change the boot loader, you can use it for that. Otherwise, once the code is up and running, that can act as a regular user button. You just have to know that that one is gonna be the reverse of these other two as far as the pull direction, but you can use debouncer to fix that actually. It's one thing that is nice, so they'll all essentially say true when you press them or false when you press them, it flips the value. There's a reset button on the top. There's also a reset button on the bottom. So you have double the options there. And that's really convenient, again, because if you're mounting this in a panel, which I'll show you in a second, a little panel mount I made for one, it's really nice to have some user buttons here and the reset in case you need to, for whatever reason, you've frozen up the board or whatever, you need to reset it if you've maybe got a USB connection to it internally and you need to reset the board for that. It's all right there on the, what effectively becomes the top. It's really the bottom of the feather, but this effectively becomes the top or the front of the thing. Let's see, what else? So this is great for both Arduino and Circuit Python. This demo here, this is the one that it ships with. Let me start that up, let's flip this way. Oh, and here's the thing, I forgot to mention, of course, really obvious is the 1.14 inch 240 by 135 pixel IPS TFT display. It looks great from angles as well, being an IPS display, it doesn't just like disappear, you can get nice oblique angles there and still see it. This one right now is on this demo, giving us any, if you have a battery, I don't think I have one here to plug in, it'll give you battery monitoring that you can see on one line there. It'll tell you the I squared C address of anything plugged in and then also we have these buttons are responding. So when I press D zero, D one, D two, that's just letting us know that those are plugged in and being pressed. So let me show you, I think one of the nicest features of it is this panel mount option that you've got. So if you're mounting this in enclosures or if you're mounting this in panels, it works really well. I've got a little acrylic panel that I made, I just cut this, well, I designed it for this purpose to the specification of a EuroRack case, which is what I have it plugged into here. And you can see there's the four little mounting holes, just because of space constraints, by the way, we've got M two and M 2.5. I just used M two all the way around, but just know that these are really tiny holes down here just so they don't get in the way of the actual package, the chip package there. So I've mounted it into a little case that I made, I cut this out of acrylic on a laser cutter and it gives me a kind of a neat little way to very quickly add an ESP32S2 feather to a EuroRack project and mount it all in one. This program I have here running is just kind of a fake, it's just doing a little bit of dancing graphics. And then if I hold one of the user buttons, it flips the color of the bar that's above that one. So you can play around with it like that. I can get in a close up there and you can see how nice and sharp this screen is. Let me focus that. There we go, that's about as sharp as I can get it on this camera. But really nice looking screen. Again, like I said, it works well from angles. And if I pull this apart, you can see, I'll fix the focus yet again. I'll show you how this is mounted in here. So I'll go ahead and turn that off. You can see this is just running off of the case power since we've got a USB pin that'll accept five volt and one of the rails on a Eurorack power supply is five volts, that works well. Here you can see it's just sort of a temporary solution here and the jacks aren't connected up to anything. This is just sort of a proof of concept. But you can see there, it just mounts neatly and easily inside of the panel. You could of course plug in USB cable there, maybe make a solution to powering that and programming it from outside of the case if you wanted to. But the way I have this set up right now, just is sort of integrated into the power of the five volt that goes into the USB pin there.  So let's see, let me see if we've got any questions over in the chat. There's our discord there. Let me switch this out here. If you're looking for the chat, by the way, if you're ever in Facebook, you can head on over to the adafru.it slash discord. I look for the live broadcast chat channel and also we've got the YouTube chat up. So let's see. Yeah, Keith Schluthauer asks, what's the width from pinhole to pinhole? Tackle the World says check the downloads page of the primary guide and that'll give you the specifications there. We have the production files available for download. You can go to the GitHub and grab all of those files if you need to. These are standardized on the feather. So for the most part, if you've come up with a design that'll work on one feather or work on most of them. Let's see. And yeah, and so by the way, so we sold out of those at the discounted price during the show. We will have more of these in stock. I think pretty soon there's not a huge constraint on that chip on ESP32 S2. So we're able to get them and make them, but the runs are typically in batches of a hundred. So that was I think one whole work order that got stashed and put up for the show. Let's see, other questions. DJ Devin three, some modules have really small mounting holes. Let's see, which one are you talking about? Yeah, this one is, I think these are M25 at the top and M2 at the bottom, just because of the size of the ESP32 package there. All right, so let's see what else I wanted to show. Here is if we head on over to the learn guide here. Oops, second, bring that up. There is a description of the board if you had to pin outs, you can see the nice job Katni did on doing both a front and reverse pin out, which is really, really, we really appreciate that Katni. Since this is the kind of board you may have flipped upside down a lot and still want to know what the pins are. She actually figured out a way to convert our semi-automated pin out diagram, pretty pins into a sort of mirrored version of it. So we have those up there. That's really nice, really helpful. And then this will tell you what all the different options are for powering, all the pins, TFD display, how that's connected through SPI, the Wi-Fi module, battery monitoring. There is not a BMA280. I think you can attach one if you want to. I'm not sure if that's going away on these. The pin out is there, the pads are there, but the chip is not on there. And there's a guide in here on how to set it up for Arduino, how to set it up for CircuitPython. There's also info on power management. And then again, going back to that question about the specifications on pins, if you head to the last page in the guide, this is true for most of the board guides and sensor guides. You will find the data sheets for chips that are on there. Here's the PCB file in Eagle CAD. There's a 3D model on GitHub and these. I actually really love these because the Ruiz brothers make these from the Eagle file, so they're accurate to the PCB. Usually put in step in a couple of other formats. Step is a really nice format for me using Rhino. So I can bring this in. When I made this panel, I just brought in that 3D model from the CAD file of GitHub. Duplicated some of the curves and chamfered them and filleted them a bit and duplicated the holes that were already in the 3D file for mounting and it all just worked out enough to double check the measurements or anything like that. Often I don't trust a 3D file out there in the wild. These I trust. I know they're built well and they're built from the CAD file. And yeah, and then you can also get the schematic. You can get the fritzing object if you're doing some work in fritzing with this as well as all of the different pretty pins, diagrams for this. You could print one out real big if you're using one of these boards a lot and wanted to have a reference next to you. All right, so let's see. I think that's probably gonna do it. Let me see if we've covered everything. Again, my apologies if you wanted to get one on the discount and they sold out really quickly today. These will be back in stock, not with the discount, but you can usually also find a 10% off during one of the shows. One of the live streams is usually a coupon you can get to at least get a little bit of savings on there. So let's see. I think that's gonna do it. Let me set this up for hanging on my pegboard there with a little wire hanger. That right there is my product pick of the week this week. It is the ESP32S2 Reverse TFT Feather. Thanks everybody for stopping by for Adafruit Industries. I'm John Park and this has been JP's product pick of the week. I will see you next time. Bye-bye.


This is a case of a patient who presented with a submandibular region mass. When you look at the CT scan through the head neck region, you see that we have a very large mass which appears to extend below the level of the mandible, hence it was felt to be a submandibular mass. What you see here is the submandibular gland. So this was not a submandibular mass that was within the submandibular gland, but a mass that's posterior to the submandibular gland, and in point of fact extends all the way up into the paratiglian. You notice that the lesion has cystic components, as well as solid components, and not only that, but you see some subcutaneous spread into the platysma muscle on the right side, as well as the subcutaneous fat. So this very large lesion with regular borders spread to the platysma muscle, spread into the subcutaneous fat, is one that we would suggest represents a malignancy, even though it does have some cystic component. Now is this cystic or is this necrotic? Looks a little bit more necrotic based on the border here. Pay attention as I scroll superiorly. What do you see? Well, I see some component which is appearing to go into the deep lobe or deep portion of the paratiglian, and I see tissue which is extending from the paratiglian posteriorly to the stylo-mastoid foramen. This area should have nice clean fat, and instead we have this heterogeneous swath of tissue extending to the stylo-mastoid foramen. This is a marker for potential spread to the facial nerve via perinural spread. You've got the dermoid carcinomas generally have a low rate of perinural spread, but this is an example of one that did spread in that fashion. Let's look at the coronal and sagittal images and see whether we're convinced. Well, it's pretty easy to commit yourself that this is a lesion of the paratiglian given that it's in close opposition thereof. Here is the submandibular gland being displaced downward. We see this haziness even to the sternocleid amastoid muscle and the adjacent subcutaneous fat, and as we watch it go further superially, we see this tissue that is going right to the stylo-mastoid foramen here, this irregular tissue. Here's the clean stylo-mastoid foramen. This may be more or less convincing on the sagittal scan, so on this sagittal scan we got this big old mass in the paratiglian with irregular borders, subcutaneous fat infiltration, and as we come to the superior border of it, we see that it goes to the edge of the stylo-mastoid foramen on the sagittal scan as well. This was a mucoepidermoid carcinoma, in this case high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which has a potential for poor prognosis. You're going to look for lymph adenopathy. We see lymph nodes here that are enlarged. The patient has some large lymph nodes on the contralateral side. We probably deserve getting a PET scan to see how many of these are actually infiltrated with tumor, particularly if it's a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma.


Well, the GOP's new emphasis on being explicitly homophobic once again has triggered a sort of race to the bottom, predictably so, where right-wing politicians and right-wing grifters like Tulsi Gabbard are trying to out-homophobe her peers on the right in order to, I guess, pander most effectively to the GOP's insane base, I'm not sure. But Tulsi Gabbard, she saw that Ron DeSantis signed the Don't Say Gay Bill into law, and she thought, you know what, I could do one better. I actually think that that bill doesn't go far enough, because you know how it applies to grades K through 3? I think it should apply to high schoolers as well. We should make it K through 12th grade. So look at what she says in an effort to protect parental rights, and she's definitely authentic here. You know, she's not pandering at all. It's not like she was once homophobic, and then apologized for said homophobia, but after seeing that the left saw through her bullshit, she's now turning to the right. This is all genuine. I'm sure she genuinely thinks these things. Take a look. You may have seen in the news recently, or you may be a parent who's experienced how parental rights are under attack all across the country, as the government tries to usurp parents' rights and responsibility to raise their own children. We should all support the Parental Rights and Education Bill that recently passed in Florida, which very simply bans government and government schools from indoctrinating woke sexual values in our schools to a captive audience, a captive audience that is by law required to attend. But as I read the legislation I got to tell you, I was shocked to learn that it only protects kids from kindergarten to third grade. Third grade? What about 12th grade? Or not at all? Now, government has no place in our personal lives. Government has no place in our bedrooms. Parents are the ones responsible for raising their kids and instilling in them a moral foundation, not the government. The reality that we're facing in this country is our schools are failing. Nationally, 34% of students are below basic reading level in the fourth grade. 25% of high school graduates are functionally illiterate. Now I'm confident that if our school is focused on educating our kids, teaching them the fundamentals, things like English, math, science, civics, history, we would see our literacy rates improve and set our young people up for success. They'll be thinking logically, thinking critically, and thinking for themselves. This is what our public schools should focus on. And apparently you can't focus on those things unless teachers pretend as if LGBTQ plus people don't exist. Except Tulsi, do you think that gay and trans students would be better or worse if teachers pretended as if that wasn't a thing? Do you honestly think that that's going to put them in a better circumstance where they're more likely to excel at civics and math and history? A study from the California Healthy Kids Survey found that LGBTQ plus secondary students were at higher risk for bullying, chronic sadness, and thoughts of suicide as well as poorer learning engagement and academic performance compared to their straight and non-transgender peers. LGBTQ students also reported receiving substantially fewer social and developmental supports from teachers. But the study's analysis suggests that if LGBTQ students experienced the same levels of support and safety at school as non-transgender and straight students, disparities would disappear or greatly diminish. So this study says that if we care about gay and trans students, we should provide them with support, have counselors be able to talk to them about gender identity and sexual orientation, and that's how they'll excel. But Tulsi says, no, we shouldn't do that, but yet she cares about kids and wants them to learn. Sure, Tulsi, you're definitely not pandering to the right who you now want to be your base if you run for president again or launch some sort of a show or get a Fox News show. She also said that I was shocked to learn that it only protects kids, protects kids from kindergarten through third grade, third grade. What about 12th grade? In 12th grade, I can assure you we all know our sexual orientations or gender identity. Perhaps you're still confused a bit, but it becomes a lot more clearer when you're that age. But Tulsi Gabbard is saying, no, in 12th grade, when somebody is probably an adult at that time, a lot of 18-year-olds are in 12th grade, when somebody is 17, 16, and they know about their gender identity and they're experiencing gender dysphoria, we should still pretend as if that doesn't exist so as to not indoctrinate them into this quote, woke ideology. And the results would be catastrophic, Tulsi Gabbard. If we offer these students support, they excel. But if we don't do that, then what happens? Well, they harm themselves. There's a reason why LGBTQ plus students are at greater risk of self-harm and suicide, but Tulsi Gabbard is saying, I don't care. If we pretend as if gay people exist, then if we mention that that's a thing, then these students might think, well, I want to be gay or trans, therefore we can indoctrinate them, we should just let them kill themselves.  And I don't even know if she believes any of this, right? Who knows what Tulsi Gabbard believes? I don't think she has an ideology, but I do know that she has an agenda, and she's just saying what she thinks will make her popular among the GOP's base. She also says parental rights are under attack. Now, she's actually right about that. Parental rights in America are under attack, especially in states like Texas. This article from the Washington Post reads, Dreading the knock at the door, parents of trans kids in Texas are terrified for their families.   So this is the state telling people how to raise their kids. They're saying you can't actually treat your trans child with gender affirming care. You can't be loving and affirming to them.  Otherwise, we're going to take your kid away from you potentially. This is possibly going to lead to state sanctioned kidnappings.  Has Tulsi Gabbard denounced what Texas is doing? Has Tulsi Gabbard said that parents on the opposite side of this argument should be allowed to raise their kids how they wish without getting indoctrinated into this right ideology?  That's all she is.   They're not learning about that. So what this bill essentially does is it censors teachers.  You can't casually mention anything about your life because you're indoctrinating students there, right?  If Shelby in the classroom has two mommies, you can't bring that up, you can't mention it, right? But it's okay for you to mention Tom's mommy and daddy because that's not indoctrinating them into heterosexuality, right? She also says parents are the ones responsible for raising their kids and instilling in them a moral foundation, not the government. Okay, well, if a parent doesn't like heterosexuality and they think, you know what, I don't like that heterosexuality is seen everywhere. It's in every cartoon. It's it's in public.  So I don't want my kids to be taught about mommies and daddies. I want them to only know about their loving mommy and mommy. So is that acceptable? No, what's only permissible is what the right wants. And they do believe in indoctrinating.  So that's really what this is about.   Why? So you can groom them gross. Isn't that disgusting? No, no, that's not what this is about. Again, we're not teaching children about this and we shouldn't. There's age appropriate conversations that you can have with children if they're curious about their classmates to daddies. But this bill is about censorship. And Tulsi Gabbard, when she spoke at CPAC, her whole speech was essentially about freedom of speech. But now here she is coming out again in favor of censorship. I mean, she already proved to us that she's a fraud when it comes to free speech after voting against BDS, voting for a PAC's resolution to condemn BDS when she was a member of Congress. And here she is again, the free speech absolutist, saying, actually, it's OK to censor teachers here and potentially subject them to a lawsuit if they say the wrong thing.  But I love it because Tulsi Gabbard, you know, she thought that she could come out and look as if she's the most homophobic, the most right wing. But Lauren Boebert actually outflanked her even because Lauren Boebert is saying, you know what, I think that, you know, 12th grade, we should go further. We should protect kids until they're 21 and just treat, you know, sexual orientation and gender identity as we treat alcohol and tobacco. She tweeted out, we require people to be 21 to purchase alcohol beverages and 21 to purchase tobacco products. Why is it so unreasonable to require people to reach a certain level of maturity before making life altering decisions about their sexuality and identity?  But hang on a second, Lauren Boebert, when you were 17 years old, you were sexually active.  Now, if we want to protect children, perhaps we should protect them from people like Lauren Boebert's husband, because let me remind you what he did in the 2000s when she was still with him, by the way. As Salon explains in January 2004, when Jason Boebert was 24, he was arrested for exposing himself to two young women at a Colorado bowling alley. His future wife, Lauren Roberts, as she was then known, who was 17 at the time, was also present and was told she was no longer welcome at the bowling alley. So it seems like we don't have to protect children from gay and trans people. We should protect them from people like Lauren Boebert's husband. I've got to wonder, you know, he dated you when you were a minor. He was 24 and you were 17.  I mean, is all these straight people bringing up the presence of mommies and daddies because they want to groom young straight people into these relationships? I mean, it's absurd, right? I'm being facetious, obviously. But when you take their anti-gay argument and you apply it to straight people, it sounds absurd, right? But we have this double standard for gay people and trans people because, you know, the country is getting better, but there is still a lot of rampant homophobia and especially transphobia. So, you know, these frauds like Tulsi Gabbard and Lauren Boebert, they're going to try to engage in these culture war issues because they don't have real substantive critiques of society. They don't want to talk about health care, education, climate change. So they keep us bogged down in this culture war. You know, they keep us fighting about issues. The society has largely moved on from because this is what they think is going to win them support. And, you know, they're probably right about that. I just hope that it doesn't work, but it probably is going to work. So the best that we can do is push back against them and let you know that this race to the bottom, this, you know, attempt to be the most homophobic politician, you know, it might work now, but younger generations, by and large, are absolutely progressive and affirming of LGBTQ plus people. So it's only a matter of time when history is going to look back at you as terrible human beings. So why do this all for temporary political wins?


Ευχαριστώ και ευχαριστώ για αυτή την προσοδοσία. Είμαι ο Κωνσταντίνας Βογιουκας και είμαι πρόσοδοκτωρο-ρυσέρτσερ και της Αριστοτελίας της Θεσσαλονίκης στην Ελλάδα. Πρώτας, θα ευχαριστώ για την ευχαριστώ για την εύκολη να παίρνουμε το δρόμο μας. Στην αυτή την προσοδοσία, θα συμβουλίσουμε για ένα παράδειγμα μας called CCAR που προσπαθεί εύκολη να χρησιμοποιήσει τη δοκιμή της ευκολογικής πρόσοδοσίας στην εξαμμύση της εξαμμύσης. Πριν να ξεκινήσω, θα θα θέλω να αναπτύξω τα άλλα μέλλες της εξαμμύσης. Τοντορροστιακονίδης με έρθει να βοηθεί σε παράδειγμα και να συγχωρίζει την σύγχρονη, Αναμαυρωμανόλη και Αναμετίνα Χάιδης με έρθει να παίρνει ένα πρόσοδοσία με χρησιμοποιείται και εξαμμύσης. Το Βασικογεδικογένωσης στο πονοδιωστικό διωτισμό, το πονοδιωσμό στην αυλη χαρική των πιο στις ihn, εξοδο αξύγεσμα, εξοδοσιασμό και εξαμμμυσμό, απευγενείες συνταγές της φορμασίας για εκείονη εξοδοσιασμό. Τα συστηματικά εξοδοσιασμό, οι οποίοι είναι ο first level of evident synthesis και όμως your reviews, οι οποίοι είναι the second level of evident synthesis μπορεί να δημιουργήσει στις λένεις με την εξαιρετική εξαιρετική στις δημιουργίες. Λοιπόν, η δημιουργία της σύνθεσης για ένα επίπεδο της δημιουργίας είναι η επίπεδο της δημιουργίας. One of the key methodological challenges unique to overviews is the management of overlapping data due to the inclusion of the same primary studies in the reviews. The researchers may need to explore the degree of overlap at the overview level and the outcome level. The correct covered area CCA index has been used as a quantitative measure of the extent of primary study overlap across the included reviews. In order to calculate the CCA index we needed to create a matrix which is usually called citation matrix. All functions included in the CCAR packets use the CCA index. There are two versions of the formula, the original CCA index and the adjusted one. If the authors consider structural missingness when they create the citation matrix, the adjusted version is calculated automatically by the functions of the packets. Structural missingness refers to the missing data of the matrix for a logical reason. For example, primary studies were published after the contact of a specific systematic review. Therefore, it was not possible to be included in the review. This is a chronological structural missingness. As we can see in the CCA formula, the N is the sum of ones in the citation matrix, R equals to the number of rows of the matrix corresponding to the unique primary studies in the reviews. C is the number of columns of the matrix corresponding to the number of reviews and the X in the adjusted formula is the sum of the X's in the matrix which denote the structural missingness. Additionally, visual methods such as van and Euler diagrams, upset plots, hitmaps and node length graphs can be used for depicting potential overlap in overview of reviews. For the rest of the presentation, I am going to focus on the CCAAR packets which is available at github.com. It can be downloaded using the install underscore github function from the DevTools packets. First, the functions of the CCAAR packets expect the data frame which is the citation matrix and may be a first view of the overlapping reviews. In this matrix, the first row should contain the names of the included reviews and the first column should contain the names of the unique primary studies included in the reviews. The data frame must contain ones and zeros as well as missing values in case of structural missingness. One should be used to indicate if the primary study has been cited, otherwise zero. Of course, any missing value in the citation matrix affects the results. The package includes three main functions, the CCA function, the CCA underscore table function and the CCA underscore hitmap function. The citation matrix, denoted as cm, is the first argument for each function. Additionally, all functions enable the incorporation of structural missingness in the matrix. The first function, CCA, calculates the overall CCA index for the entire citation matrix as a proportion and the percentage. Larger values indicate greater overlap of primary studies across the reviews. The second function, CCA underscore table, creates a data frame with the pairwise CCA calculations from the citation matrix. The third function, CCA underscore hitmap, uses the ggplot2r packets generating an upper triangle hitmap which shows the CCA calculations as a percentage for all possible pairs of reviews. The gray diagonal tiles in the graph present information about the number of Cindy primary studies as well as the total number of primary studies included in each review. There are some advantages of the hitmap plot produced by the CCAR packets. The plot is highly customized as a ggplot object. It uses a sequential continuous color scale. It enables the incorporation of structural missingness in the citation matrix. It presents the single and total number of primary studies included in each review and it is a publication ready plot. Finally, a signing up is under development for those users who are unfamiliar with a command line environment. And here are some relative references. You can find more details about the packets in our recently published paper with the title CCAR, a packets for assessing primary study overlap across systematic reviews in overviews. Thank you very much for your attention.


As we have seen, the creation of international law very much depends on the existence of an agreement between states. International law comes to existence as a result of consent of several subjects. Reciprocity is at the heart of the creation of international law. In a very classical way, a new obligation results from the acceptance of an offer. Moreover, the sovereign equality of states is repugnant to the idea that one of them could impose legal obligations on the others absent their consent. And this would indeed be tantamount to an imperial legal order, and it is completely alien to the fundamentals of the international legal order. However, why would it not be possible for a state to bind itself vis-à-vis other states by its own will? If imposing obligations on others without their consent is impossible, what about imposing obligations on oneself through what can be called a unilateral act? Well, that issue arose in the nuclear tests cases, a dispute between Australia and New Zealand on the one hand and France on the other. The case was decided in 1974, at a time France was still conducting atmospheric tests of nuclear weapons in the South Pacific Ocean. The main firing site was the Mururoa Attle, some 6,000 km to the east of the Australian mainland. Australia and New Zealand claimed that those atmospheric tests were not consistent with applicable rules of international law, and they requested the court to order France not to carry out any further such tests. France contested the jurisdiction of the court. It decided not to appear in the proceedings and simply asked the court to remove the case from the list. By two separate judgments of 20 December 1974, the court decided that the claims by Australia and New Zealand no longer had any object, and that it was therefore not called to give any decision thereon. As you see, such outcome was very much favourable to France, but it also came with a legal cost for France. And let me explain why. The court reached its conclusion following some public statements made by the highest authorities of the French Republic, President Giscard d'Estaing, then also Prime Minister Jacques Chirac, together with the French Foreign Affairs Minister and the Minister of Defence. All of them had made consistent and public declarations, according to which the ongoing atmospheric tests by France would be the very last of this type conducted by the Republic. The court considered that when it is the intention of the state making such declarations to become bound according to its terms, I quote, that intention confers on the declaration the character of a legal undertaking, the state being thenceforth legally required to follow a course of conduct consistent with the declaration, end of quote. And the court went on, an undertaking of this kind, if given publicly and with the intent to be bound, even though not made within the context of international negotiations is binding in these circumstances, nothing in the nature of a quipro quo, nor any subsequent acceptance of the declaration, nor even any reply or reaction from other states is required for the declaration to take effect. Since such a requirement would be inconsistent with the strictly unilateral nature of the juridical act by which the pronouncement by the state was made, end of quote. Of course, not every unilateral act or declaration imply an obligation. Everything depends on the intention conveyed by the language used and the surrounding circumstances irrespective of the written or oral form of the undertaking. To know whether a unilateral declaration is a binding undertaking can only be decided on a case-by-case basis, but the nuclear test cases made clear that there is no inherent impediment for the creation of new international obligations through unilateral acts of states. And as a matter of fact, the court famously stressed the following and I quote, one of the basic principles governing the creation and performance of legal obligations, whatever their source is the principle of good faith. Trust and confidence are inherent in international cooperation, in particular in an age when this cooperation in many fields is becoming increasingly essential, just as the very rule of Pactas Un Cervanta in the law of treaties is based on good faith. So also is the binding character of an international obligation assumed by unilateral declaration. Thus, interested states may take cognizance of unilateral declarations and place confidence in them and are entitled to require that the obligation thus created be respected, end of quote. So said the court, France is legally bound to respect its promises. The logical consequence of taking the French declarations as binding unilateral undertakings was to consider that the objective of both applicant states had in effect been accomplished. France had promised not to carry out any further nuclear tests in the atmosphere. Sensation of those tests was at the heart of the request by Australia and New Zealand and cessation was legally guaranteed by the French undertakings. Therefore, the dispute brought before the court had disappeared and there was no reason for the court to adjudicate any further. Of course, had Australia or New Zealand claimed reparation for the possible environmental pollution resulting from the nuclear fallout, the court would still have had to decide on that reparation claim. But because they did not make any reparation claim, the case was simply dismissed by the court.