The study found that TAC conical implants had greater primary stability than other implants when placed in different densities of polyurethane blocks. This suggests that TAC implants may be a good choice for patients who need multiple implants due to tooth loss. This article was authored by Luca Camuzzi, Marjorie Tatumidae, Natalia Di Pietro, and others.


Let's take a look at some more general problems that involve completing the square. So in general, if I want to solve an equation of the form ax squared plus bx plus c equals zero, what I can do is I can do the following. First of all, I can rearrange things so that all of my x terms are in one site and then everything else is on the other, and then I'll complete the square. And I can do this in one of two ways. Ultimately, you want to be able to do this algebraically, but that is the hard way at first. The other possibility is you can do this geometrically, which is really the easier way. Eventually, you'll want to switch over to the algebraic method, but geometrically is a good way to start. So for example, let's take the problem solve 3x squared plus 6x minus 10 equals zero. And one of the nice things about this is that in some ways, you've already learned that if you want to solve an equation, first thing you do is you get all of your x terms onto one side. And so we've done that. So I have 3x squared plus 6x equals 10, and I'll draw the picture. So again, we could still represent our two sides of this equation as the areas of geometric figures. So this 3x squared plus 6x, I can represent that as a rectangle. And again, my first term, 3x squared, maybe that's x by 3x. My second term, 6x, that's 6 by x. They have the same width, so I can attach them to each other. And so there's my 3x squared plus 6x rectangle. And that has area equal to 10. Now, if I don't think about what I'm doing, then I might try to complete the square as follows. I am ignoring the picture for a second. I'll take half of this 6x, I'll split it in half, and I'll slide that extension over and complete the square at that point. Well, the problem is that we don't see it if we just look at the algebra. But if we look at the geometry, the problem is when I slide that piece over, it's x by 3y, so it fits about here on our picture. It does not fit this entire area here. So if I want to complete the square, first of all, I have a problem. I don't have things with equal width. This is x plus 3, this is 3x plus 3. This is not even a partial square. This is something that is a nomen that I have to add a bunch of pieces together to make into a square. So what can we do? Well, the problem is that this portion isn't a square. So let's go ahead and make it into one. And there's a couple of ways we might do this, but multiplication is easier than division. So let's just take three of these entire figures, 1, 2, 3. And now I have a portion here that's 3x by 3x and then whatever the leftover is. And now I'm back at the same place I was with the other completing the square problems. I have a square and an extension. So if I want to complete the square, I'll split the extension. I'll slide these pieces over and attach them down here. And again, in this case, these pieces here, remember this rectangular block here is x 3x by 3. And so it's 3x, it'll fit on this side by 3. And now I have a square that's 3x. I have a partial square that's 3x plus 3 by 3x plus 3. And I'm just missing this little piece here to make it into a perfect square. So let's figure out what our areas are so far. Now remember 3x squared plus 6x was something with an area of 10. So here's our 3x squared plus 3x plus 3x. If I take a look at the blue pieces, those together have an area of 10. Likewise, 3x squared plus 3x plus 3x, that's 3x squared plus 6x. The red pieces have area 10. And the green pieces also have area 10. And that little byte that we're missing here, this is a 3 by 3 region. That's going to have area 9. And so my entire figure has area 10, 20, 39. And that's 3x plus 3 squared has area 39. And that tells me algebraically that the square root 3x plus 3 is plus or minus square root 39. And that breaks into the two possible solutions for my original equation.


This is the second video in the series and it is about What is ancient Greek? What kind of languages it? What's its history? ancient Greek like Latin and the modern romance languages and English and German and all the other Germanic languages and Polish and Russian and all the other Slavic languages is an Indo-European language they Whether you choose to believe the Indo-European hypothesis or not It makes for a very simple explanation for why these languages are also very very similar Ancient Greek is one branch of the Indo-European family and There were several dialects and it developed over a Good deal of time so that it's not all the same thing when someone says they're learning ancient Greek There's probably one of three things that they're learning One is the Greek of the Iliad in the Odyssey. It's called epic Greek, and it's an older form of Greek It's the oldest Written form of Greek that we have in a substantial literature. There's an older form of Greek But it doesn't have a substantial literature and it's really for specialized scholars the Iliad in the Odyssey are the first group grouping of literature that Ordinary people like you or I might go and learn the second is called Attic Greek and there was a great flowering of literature and architecture and art in the 5th century BC That's when the Parthenon went up. That's when Plato and Aristophanes and all the things that we think of as the great Greek Philosophers and drama like Oedipus Rex and Antigone and all of that stuff. That's part of that Attic Greek To a degree. I'm over simplifying because there's other there were other dialects of ancient Greek But the one that most people think of when you say ancient Greek is this one this middle Attic Greek when There's a big flowering of well of everything And that's the Greek that I taught myself over the summer And then the third one is Quinae Greek and that's the later Greek it's later. It's what the New Testament is written in It's what other authors like Plutarch and Well, there's a lot of Quinae Greek written in this world. So it's a very valuable thing to learn and each of those three kinds of Greek are a little bit different from each other because naturally The language changed over time Which one is the right one to learn? whichever one you're interested in reading and I say reading because I'm assuming that most of us aren't going to learn ancient Greek to speak it even though I'm one of the guilty people in Learning a dead language and then speaking it as if it were just another language. I I know Latin Pretty well, and I'd say I'm a reasonable speaker of Latin I wouldn't say I'm an expert because I know too many people who are better than I am but I'm a reasonable speaker of Latin I get by But for Greek most people and there certainly are people who can't speak Greek I've seen it a Christof Rico Speaks Greek ancient Greek that is commendably But most people don't So you're probably gonna learn it to read it and there are one of three choices the epic Greek of the elite in the Odyssey the attic Greek of Plato and Drama and philosophy and the like and then the Quinae Greek of the New Testament you're gonna learn one of those three and When you learn one it's easy enough to pick up another one after you've really got The first one mastered some people say you've got to learn epic first because the it all develops from there And that's that's a defensible point, but I Think the materials for learning attic Greek are better. So that's what I did for myself A lot of people learn Quinae to read the New Testament. It's easy enough to learn attic and then shift over into Quinae But that said you're gonna make a pick between one of those three and then after the Three kinds of Greek I described Greek went on being spoken and is today spoken in Greece of all places As a modern spoken language and it's a continuous development from the ancient language the ancient languages themselves well languages the ancient language of Greece ancient Greek was spoken over a wider part of the world than just what we consider to be modern Greeks it would have been spoken in What today is Turkey known back then as Asia Minor would have been spoken in such large Greek cities as Ephesus and Others around the coast the Greeks were traders and they were all up and down the Mediterranean Alexandria Egypt was a Greek city. So Greek was spread rather far and wide over the ancient world through the Mediterranean and Not just confined to modern Greece as More or less modern Greek is today. So that's the situation with where ancient Greek was spoken three dialects that most people are going to learn or Have materials for learning the epic Greek of the Iliad and the Odyssey attic Greek philosophy and drama and Quite a Greek of the New Testament It doesn't matter what you pick pick one learn it and have fun


Hi Longmont. Individual human flourishing depends on us contributing to our community. Serving on an advisory board or commission is an excellent way to do this. To learn more and apply, visit Longmont, Colorado, dot gov, slash boards.


Now, let's talk about what you can expect from the first unit of Business 206. Unit 1 will introduce you to the concepts of MIS and the impact it has on business organizations. It's a common misconception most people believe that information systems include all of the technologies that compose a network. However, technology is only one small part of what an information system really is. Small components of an MIS play a major role in an organization. Technology, people, and process are the three high-level components that make up a management information system. You will spend time learning about the details of each of these components as you move through the course. Key concepts to watch out for in the first unit include the definition of the major components of a management information system, the basic history of information systems, and what innovation is and how technology contributes to it. As you work your way through these units, don't forget to take notes. It's going to be a very important part of your review before the final exam. Don't miss an opportunity to visit the discussion forums when prompted. Post your own response and read responses from other students that will help to enhance your understanding of the material. The units of this course build upon each other. You will learn more about the technologies, people, and processes as you progress through this course. Good luck and we'll see you here at the beginning of Unit 2.


Getting ready to install a few of these so I thought I'd do a quick review of the nano beam AC gen 2 now I've used the nano beams for some of the projects including One of the projects we've heard to with the bridge bridge project where there's a bridge and we're using a wireless bridge Using the nano beams to beam it across. We did that a while back. It's been working wonderful. They haven't had any problems I think it's almost two years ago that I did that. These are the gen 2 nano beams, which are faster better next generation a couple of features They have a built-in management radio, which is kind of cool So you have the main broadcast radio and a management radio and these have an ability to be managed via an app Which is pretty cool. So you can do that I'm not going to cover the app today. That's going to be for another day But there's videos you can see that you control from the app I usually set these up manually So we're going to talk about the setup of this what comes in the box and do a speed test Of course because you want to know just how fast it will go What's really impressive is these are generally can be found for under a hundred dollars and Links below to the Amazon store where you can grab some of these but 450 megabit transfer rate 15 kilometers or about nine miles maximum range For a hundred dollar box That's amazing. I remember paying a lot more for a lot less not that long ago Or even if you go with some of the other brands these are amazing In terms of the how fast they are how good they work and what you get it I mean how easy they are to set up such use the app So unboxing it. There's not too much in it Just the essentials get your The device itself get a little click ring which goes on the bottom and we'll show how that works You have this little ball mount the white 24 PoE brick That I just flung the base off of it. It's got the mounting plate base. So you can just take mount this and Mount it to the wall bolt it on there and snap and then your brick stays there Does come with this clamp to help put it on there And there's holes right here for the clamp to go through so you can pull mount this if you want I get started book and A power cord that's about it. I already took took this part in Pulled the plastic off it comes with really nice packaging and plastic But didn't think that was overly relevant to it, but you know it does come with that So it does like keep pretty in there now It's really cool about the way this ball amount works, and I just love this design Just sits in there and Clicks spin click and it's set now put your finger on it get a little to take the tension off And you can slide this ball amount to any angle you want so you can just move it around Give it a click And it'll hold at that angle this makes pointing and aiming these really easy and of course it's aided by The fact that there's a level on this so you know whether or not it's level when you're pointing it at the other device so from an installation standpoint You just take and carry this up with you put that in your Pouch or whatever however you want to get up on a ladder Because you don't want to drop these and you mount this you get it bolted to if you want to bolt it straight There is an option for putting it right through the hole in the middle You can just get a really long screw and shoot this right to something and away you go Just don't forget put this on first before you shoot it there But yeah, we we've wanted a few of them like to the sides of buildings just buy one straight shot through here and done An anchor it so it doesn't come with the you know long screw that's something you have to get from the hardware store but Mounting wise very very easy to mount very easy to remove if you got to remove them That being said when you're mounting them something to consider put them high enough so people do not remove them So just a thought there that has happened places My wi-fi is up. I also want to remove it. This just snaps off on the bottom so you can get to the Ethernet jack in there. There's just one there's a reset a recess reset in there and Pretty straightforward. So I think it's going to be mounted under there This is actually going for a job and I already programmed this one and the other one will lose speed test for They have a pool house separate from their main house and We're bridging this to get wi-fi to their pool house and to bridge the cameras over there For their property. All right, so now that you're taking a look at it Let's talk about the fun stuff and actually set up and test all right So I ran through set up the devices. They're good to go. They're plugged in they're working Turns out microphone stands will hold pretty good for this So I've got one here in frame and the camera and the other one is just over there behind the camera So they're optimal and as you can see from the screen here, they're optimally connected So they're all set up and configured on run over the configuration real quick It's pretty straightforward. So out of the box. It's ubnt ubnt <IP_ADDRESS> And then I changed one of them to be 25. So this one is the That 20 And it's broadcasting the ssid of house. I set a password for it And it's in access point to point mode out of the box. He's come from a network standpoint in bridge mode So there's really not a lot of configuring you have to do you take one you set it to access point to point mode You take the other one settings station point to point mode Select or just type in the ssid house Not real creative one. I'll change it later And put the same password in and they'll bridge before you do that Though do make sure as I said out of the box. They're <IP_ADDRESS> I changed this one to be 25 if you've made them the same ip You'll immediately end up with an issue just throwing it out there basic networking but They will work on dhcp as well. So if you have something that will assign them addresses That's something you can do as well Ideally though whenever we're putting these in you want to set your point to points up to be static ip It makes it better for troubleshooting that way if there's any connectivity issues between them You know exactly which ip each one. It's part of your documentation Any client that we've done these for we've always done it that way set static ip Log in if there's ever a problem with either side We can just go right into the ip and try and figure out where the problem is from a troubleshooting standpoint Everything else is pretty much default The only other thing I did change in here down at the bottom Is I have automatic power control. I've turned those on these I I've done a little bit of testing with that on off. It doesn't seem to make much of a difference But uh, even the job that we're doing is relatively close. So why have it over pushing the power on it? I figure it's smart enough to be optimal. So other than that, these are all the out of the box settings By the way in case you're ever wondering it does support wireless network protection as in the d offing protection If you're using two unify ac units, uh, they both will set up the security protocols between them So no one can d off between them And if you're not familiar with uh that attack what that attack does is make them re-register each time And it's not as much a security problem in terms of them getting in between the signal It's a big annoyance because it'll link the signal drop. Uh, you can also lock it down if you want to a mac address That's one of the options in here. So this one's broadcasting his house And then you can hit uh when you go to select you can lock it to the mac address of this device And what that would allow you to do is keep it so No one could just impersonate it but in order to impersonate they would also need Not only the ssid but of course the password in order to impersonate this device to get its connect to it And that's not that easy to do unless they know your password But it isn't our layer you can add on there the downside is if you ever swap one of them You also have to make sure each device that you've locked to mac you update the mac address on it Just to get that all out of the way. These are a couple of those little questions that come up We are running the latest firmware on these as of april 21st that is 2018 that is going to be the xv 8.51. Uh, first thing I do whenever I get these devices I set them up with the latest firmware. So I know they're up to date So They're connected. They're up to date. There's two different ip addresses here. Uh, they Are working perfectly fine. So let's go ahead and go to the dashboard back on these Now the one that's doing a transmitting This called house because it's also the transmitter you get the air magic on this one Because this is the one that's going to set the network up for the other one So this is broadcasting the other one over there is receiving and this is dot 20 that we're on now Uh, and this is kind of cool because you can look and reset based on wireless interference If you didn't want it to handle it and you wanted to force it and be able to see the spectrum This is a cool tool to be able to do that. So you can look at the air magic and go All right, let's test different options on here if we're having any wireless can you know, uh interference that's coming in there So I like the fact that they build that in they also build a lot of other tools in so we're going to go back over here to dashboard For example, when you got to aim them, so we're going to go over here They have their air view which we'll get to that in a second. Uh, but they have some of the alignment tools And what this will do is allow you to point them. So right now they're pretty optimal But we can put something in front of it. I got some aluminum foil here And you can see that it'll have some changes very slight Aluminum foil actually doesn't block the signal quite as much as people think Uh, so it's really not that great for wrapping your head either. Uh, and yeah So you can see that there's a little bit there. This is going to be annoying, but It has a beep noise. Uh, and that way if you're pointing them in the other directions It will not beep and then start beeping so you can actually just have maybe your laptop Even if it's further away turn the volume up and point them and then go, okay now I can hear that it's aligned and it'll start making a noise for you. So that's definitely pretty cool Once you have these on here, we've got a discovery app for Finding the other devices which is pretty sweet that they built that in You can trace your outping constellation constellation is kind of cool, too This is kind of giving you a diagram of how it sees the other thing and then if we point it down You'll watch the constellations change. So it's going to start losing it So we're now not I got to probably put it even lower which I got a velcro down here just in case it falls But you can see this is changing. This is also just more fine tuning So you can try to fine tune making sure it's pointed exactly where it needs to point It'll figure out the distance which is what you're seeing right here in the middle. So it says the distance is 0.1 miles Probably a lot less than that, but it probably just doesn't go Lower than that, but we've tested that and it seems to be roughly accurate for how far away they are As long as you're using, you know, two unified devices to connect to each other there You can do a speed test as well, which is kind of cool So you can specify the device so we're on 20 so we're going to specify 25 The remote web port whether you want to duplex or receive your transmit You can put in the username and password of the other device which I had saved in the clipboard And it will gather data log into that device and they'll talk to each other and do a speed test between them Which is pretty neat. So you can see just how much data will push across them based on receive or send Actually, I probably should have done a transmit test Because we want to transmit from mine to that one because there's a when you're doing it the other way My laptop is actually going to cause a problem Because my laptop is connected directly through this There we go So now it's doing a speed test from this device transmitting over there And you can see we're getting even higher than what they specified In there. So they claim 450 but we're seeing into 500s here. That's pretty awesome Of course, we're super optimal being the fact that we're just going across my office But that's still pretty impressive for speed Now this is their speed test and we're going to do our own In a second here. So the last thing we can do is look at the air view And it'll take a second But now you can see different noise patterns on there at different areas So you can figure out maybe what signal you want to do So if you see a spike in a particular one You go, that's not where I want to set this and you can go through and fine tune Which channel it's on like I said, these are pretty amazing. This is a less than 100 device that comes with a waveform viewer in it This is an expensive like the waterfall views and waveform views These are expensive tools you can buy third party to do site surveys with or you can buy a device That's not only you know useful because it could actually bridge these it It's amazing that it has all this stuff built into it. So I've always been really impressed with these This is you know, I'm I was excited when it came out of the gen 2 because I'm like More features are making them better and they made the price actually a little bit lower than it used to be a few years ago So definitely really impressive and I like on a dashboard to tell you what the link is Now the last thing we'll do is an eye perf here Uh and do just a raw network speed test And we'll do this to get you another idea of just how much data is pushing across there And doing eye perf it looks like we're seeing about uh It's bouncing around 300 or 400 megabits a second So there's your total there. So you're you know averaging about 400 pretty impressive for the speed Like I said, this is a sub 100 dollar device. It's able to transmit at 400 megs and Really consistently obviously it peaks out even faster. We when we're doing just a single not a do not a duplex test You're able to get that full even more bandwidth out of there, but overall That's really great. Uh for the project that we're going to use this on I mean they make faster ones, but for the project we're going to use this on They just want Wi-Fi next to the pool and they would like some cameras to work next to the pool. So That is all it needs. That's a great solution for that And uh, like these are easy to set up you just set one up to receive one up to send and away you go Now they do have the phone app. Uh, chris did a video from cross talk on the phone app I'm not going to repeat the uh phone app. Um, but it's just a way to another way to set it up I don't set it up in the phone app, uh for convenience reasons and documentation reasons I like to set them up because once we still plays at clients we document all the settings We download the config files out of each of these that way if there's ever a problem one We can easily remote and we have all the password and everything handy in our documentation To if we need to replace one, we'll order it. It'll come to our office and we'll pre-program it before we send it on site So that's my preference for why I set them up that way But overall, uh, these like I said, this I'm excited with these gen twos We've actually done a couple other installs. I didn't the by time they come in We almost always deploy them really quick. So I don't always have time to even review them Even right now I'm here on a saturday evening. These are going in sunday morning. So we just got them in I set them up and they're going out. We've uh I gotta get more time to review more of them, but Overall, they're just a great product. I have nothing but good things to say about them And uh, you know, I may revisit maybe I'll take and fly my drone back over by some of the ones we've done And Re show you what they look like after running for a couple years and they no other issues with maybe I can go On site and see the speed test. But yeah, if you look at my project from a while ago I call the bridge bridge project. We use the Previous generation of these that is still in place and still working great for that client They have no problems with it. Uh, it is went through All kinds of wind rain and michigan weather Sub sub zero temperatures. Remember, I was worried if the temperature would have any effect so far it has none And of course we're michigan, so we have snow storms and it's on the water So there's just everything and they work great. They don't have any internet problems or anything with them So uh, the this is the next generation of them. I'm really excited about them And uh, so if you're interested, I'm like I said, I got amazon links below to our amazon store if you want to pick one up Thanks for watching if you liked this video, go ahead and click the thumbs up Leave us some feedback below to let us know any details Which you like and didn't like as well because we love hearing the feedback or if you just want to say thanks Leave a comment if you wanted to be notified of new videos as they come out Go ahead and subscribe and the bell icon that lets youtube know that you're interested in notifications. Hopefully they send them As we've learned with youtube Anyways, if you want to contract us for consulting services You go ahead and hit laurance systems.com and you can reach out to us for all the projects that we can do and help you We work with a lot of small businesses it companies even some large companies And you can farm different work out to us or just hire us as a consultant to help design your network Also, if you want to help the channel in other ways, we have a patreon We have affiliate links. You'll find them in the description You'll also find recommendations to other affiliate links and things you can sign up for on laurance systems.com Once again, thanks for watching and i'll see you in the next video


Exercise Immediate Response 16 held its opening ceremony at Cerclee of Kirky Air Base in Slovenia, kicking off the two-week multinational exercise. Exercise Immediate Response 16 is an annual exercise co-hosted by the Slovenian Army Forces and the Croatian Army Forces. 1900 troops from 10 different nations. They all bring different skill sets. They all bring different equipment and we're going to learn from each other so we can work with each other during complex operations. It's a great pleasure to see today people coming from different republics of former Yugoslavia standing together, practicing together and preparing transfer for to any any possible emergency which could occur in the region. The exercise has included soldiers and security forces from ally and partner nations across Europe and the United States.


Oh, is that him? Is that him? Look at the bunny foofoo main dude.  One second. I'm playing support. Wait, what? I've never put a support game in my life. Misfortune? Oh We burn. Oh, I'm out here, dude. I just got my my jungler first blood. Consider me a support main. My computer froze. Holy dude, who is this? Who is this support? We could use a gank bot right now. Misfortune man up. Auto cancelled. My auto got cancelled from her condemn. Wow dude, that is something else, man. Does he just go on vacation? No, see look, she's still trolling. Oh, wow. He just outflashed that. Nice. Yeah, nice dude. Nice. I love five man bot lane. Yeah, there's five down here. Oh nice. I'm looking at me getting kills. Bro, I swear this misfortune will not last at the tower. Like, only me. Oh, is that him? Is that him?  And this is risky, dude. This is risky. Oh, yeah, no, they definitely gonna steal this for sure. Oh, that's so tragic. Yeah, honestly, that's tragic. I tried as much. I tried keeping him off of it as much as possible. Wait, Misfortune, this is a free kill. All right, nah, I'm honestly, I can't do this bot lane fiesta. This is why I don't play bot lane, dude. I just cannot. Oh, right, dude. Yeah, do it. She's owned through 96 CS. She's got to do 96 CS at 16 minutes. She's got a lot of gold on her. Yeah, you gotta understand. It's up there, man. Oh, what are you doing? I just don't understand it, man.  Wait, what? Wait, are you kidding me? It didn't. I got hurt, though. Yeah, nah. No, that's real. Dude, that is true. That is off. That's beyond me. That's crazy. Oh, in the cockening. Wow. What was that range? Wait, how did he... Oh, wait, that didn't hit. Get a Misfortune. Oh, my God. I'm a monster at Thresh, dude. I'm like an actual monster. Oh, my God. That is crazy, dude. I've been... I'm just... I'm a support man, guys. That's it. In 2017, I'm jungle support. All right, can we get mid? Are there any tips you can give to an inspiring question? Yeah, so you want to make sure you're maxing in. Always invade and start Q, and then take AD runes. All right. AD marks, armor yellows, magic resist, blues, and I think lethality, quints. Why don't you ever do that damage run, right?  Play the mind game. Yeah. Literally. Oh, I got the hook. I got the hook. I got the hook. I got the hook. I got the hook. Oh, team. I was so ready. She's just super strong right now. Get out of here. Get out of here. Get a Lucid. Oh, nice combo. See, if we just had to listen to Miss Fortune, like old combo, all game, we'd be fine. Oh, we're Nuke? Tryndamere? Oh, he's going to end.


You know, Beethoven wrote his brilliant Moonlight Sonata whilst being completely deaf. Let's find a passion that's greater in life than our challenges.


Hi, everyone, and welcome to the Stock Swish Play of the Day for July 22, 2016. This is presented by thestockswish.com, and this is Paul Lange. These charts are provided by eSignal, and this is the daily chart of MCF. This is my play today in the Stock Swish Live Trading Room, presented to them in real time. This stock gap down to right here, and using our Stock Swish Rating System, this is a highly rated bearish gap. I was looking for an entry. If we take that daily chart, I'm going to switch over to a five minute chart. The reason I'm using a five minute chart is because this back half of this trade actually lasted all day. So you can see the whole day's trading range here on a five minute chart. And initially, the entry up here was found on that first bar. It was a fairly quick entry, and it gave a very tight stop of actually about 15 cents in here. So a 6,000 share risk amount had a $900 risk, and you can see the stock dropped initially, but actually had a fairly good target on this down at $9.56. So even though we had that initial first drop, I didn't take any profit yet. And when it rallied before $10.30 there, I lowered the stop down to that area, and then had a target of $9.56 and end of the day. So even though this trade lasted all day, you could walk away before $10.30. So trading was still done early. And $9.56 was hit in the afternoon, just on an automatic hit. And then end of the day, it went just a little bit lower before the end of the day play took it out. Overall, very nice profit, about a 3.5 to 1 reward to risk on MCF. How do you find trades like this? You can do in the morning so easily that drop like this, while the golden gap course is exactly what teaches that, the golden gap course is going to be taught this Saturday Sunday coming up, July 30th and 31st. It is the strategy, the only strategy that you need, and we use a very strict 26 point checklist. This plays like you just saw, done by 10 o'clock every day. As a rule, this play, you did have to be here until about $10.30 for the last management concept of it.  It lets you ignore the market most of the time, and if you're interested, you can either call the phone number you see on the screen, $99.30 to earn a gap, or email Melissa at thestockswush.com. For the Stockswish, this is Paul Lang. Until next time, good trading.


now yep okay just jump back to my slides and then I'll do some introductions before we get going here we go okay so we've got a fantastic panel lined up today to discuss this we have Rhona Sharp who is director of teaching and learning at the University of Oxford and she was actually a key person who helped set up this group over 10 years ago we also have Ola Tundi Dura Wuju who is the faculty associate dean for diversity and inclusion at John Moore's University we also have Sue Attiwell from who is head of ed tech at JISC and she's been working in this area furiously over the past year and also Rob Howe who has been working alongside JISC as well from the University of North Hampton exploring some of these technologies in his role as the head of learning technology so I wonder if it would be okay to follow this particular outline here and ask Rhona to go first with about five minutes of just where her perspective is in terms of that Rhona are you okay to take over now just minimize this I'm very happy to do that Jim thank you very much for that introduction so as Jim said I've been involved in Elysig for 10 years or more and I do feel that I'm feeling my age a little with all of this fuss about chat GPT I wanted to present a bit of a kind of longitudinal perspective on it and also as I usually do to talk about the student experience but I'll start with a longitudinal perspective if you like and when my when my grandfather died I rather was very surprised to inherit his piano and the piano stool which came packed full of books and I wanted to share this one with you which is called music for the home and it was published in 1932 and I'm just going to read you an extract from the forward of this book music for the home and this book is so it's a piano book it's absolutely full of different piano music and it says statistics prove that the sale of music of every kind and description is so seriously on the wane that publishers are inclined to fight shy of bringing out new songs or piano pieces when they know there'll be scarcely any sale for them so these books these piano books had stopped selling what has brought about this state of affairs I feel there is but one answer the habit of listening to music instead of performing it this habit is to be so deeply deplored is so damaging to the progress and development of a beautiful art that it's up to all music lovers to do what they can to prevent it from spreading and I thought that was just such a lovely way of thinking about the position that we're in now that we're worried that these new technologies are going to come along and completely destroy the way things were before and we try and change them but of course they don't destroy the way things were before and we need to have a much kind of broader context and understanding than that and I was reminded of other things like Eliza I don't know how many people remember Eliza that little chat program before we even had the web where you it just presented back your responses to you in a kind of humanist therapist way and obviously we've got things that are still going like stack exchange for coding so it's really important I feel like I need to go around with these you know keep calm don't panic it's only chat GPT we'll get through it as my first overriding message the second thing I wanted to say so I want to say that historical context and I wanted to say a little bit about how chat GPT might be useful and I hope you've spent the weekend playing with it with your children and parents and friends I've been getting everyone to do it this weekend and watching their faces as they do and one of the things that we're we're struck by is its use as a productivity tool so very often when these new technologies come along we think they're going to replace some of the work that we do but actually they enable us to get through that first little stage faster and then move on and do more interesting things so productivity is a tool if you use it like you would a search engine it gets you to where you would like to be a lot more quickly than having to browse through the first 10 results which you know is what everyone does in using these tools and productivity is particularly useful in an inclusivity context so inclusivity and Sonya Oxford we talk a lot about inclusive education is where we're trying to reduce the gap between different groups who have to spend proportionally more time on the same task so you have students with different characteristics who need to spend more time on doing the same task because of their background their previous experiences their abilities their strengths their weaknesses so imagine a non-native English speaker putting into chat GPT can you help me compose a letter to my tutor asking me for this for example okay so we use these productivity tools to try and level the playing field a little bit to try and equalize the experiences for students and I think that's really important to remember but technological change is a challenge because it happens so fast and I think that's one of the things we've really seen with this so although the experts in my team tell me this has been around since November it's really only just hit very suddenly and we've already redesigned our assessment overnight for online open book exams during our periods of remote teaching and assessment and I am certainly sensing a weariness amongst the academic community of having to do that all over again so quickly in response to this technological change so it's a challenge because of the pace of change and it's a challenge because we feel that students are ahead of us so I mentioned Wikipedia in the chat and I certainly remember that feeling when we discovered the extent to which students were using Google and Wikipedia and being concerned that they're ahead of us so I just want to offer you one approach to help with these challenges really and I'm sure other excellent speakers will offer others and perhaps predictably I'm going to say that the one approach to help with these challenges of pace and concern about where students are is to engage with students directly to work in partnership with them on how education and specifically assessment can respond to some of these challenges of a kind of AI augmented world that we will be living in so we can encourage our students to use chat gpt to research their question and critique it and I know lots of lecturers have already started doing this to say well here's the task let's put it into chat gpt together let's see what it does and then your homework is to go away and say how your answer is likely to be different than the one from chat gpt those kinds of things have started quite quickly as ever our teachers are amazing and creative and innovative the other thing that I've I've heard is the use of a critique which isn't just about an academic critique but also encouraging students to think about how these kind of services might be commercialized and how they might respond to that so I've had the pleasure of talking to some students and I will finish by just saying telling you a few things that the students have said to me but it's I suppose always my approach to go out and talk to students as quickly and as often as we can about these things and the first one I'll just give you a couple of their quotes and the first one who's an electronic engineering student and he said it's a research tool and actually your own knowledge this extent of your own knowledge influences how well you interrogate it okay so if you're asking stupid questions you get stupid answers but if you're asking good questions because you know your subject you'll get better use out of it and it's just a research tool like that and that was particularly about coding and there's lots of really interesting things that chat gpt could do with coding particularly because it gives you the code and then it gives you the explanation of how it's written the code and another one said well we've always wanted model answers we always ask our tutors for model answers and so often we don't get them and I'm using it it's an economic student who said I'm using it to provide that initial structure to an answer so that I can then get started with it and I can put on the detail and it gets me up that kind of productivity tool up to the next level to really get started on the important bit of the of the work and finally Sam said international relations student I'm using it how to learn I'm asking it questions as I would ask my lecturer he did say if they ever replied to email and I'm asking them I'm using it to learn I'm asking it as if I was talking to an expert that's great as long as we understand some of the limitations of what chat gpt can do and I'm sure some other people were talking about that and and finally electronic student finished by saying he said we're not stupid give us some credit we're here how to learn we're here to learn and you know help us use these tools appropriately is basically what he was saying so I hope that's provided a bit of context and perhaps explained my approach to the way of thinking about the challenging situation that we're in I very much look forward to hearing what other people have got to say thanks rona that's brilliant gollatundi do you want to follow well brilliant thank you thank you very much jean um thanks rona a man I found that um very quite insightful um can everyone hear me okay because I'm known to have um microphone issues yeah yeah brilliant um yes and I I agree with um and I quite like the fact that you went and got data from students on on how they sort of utilize it and I think it's important um to do that what I've been doing is being I've been following you know responses of of academics um to this chat gpt disruption because it is a disruption but it doesn't have to be um what we perceive as a negative disruption which many people are seeing it as um and what I've sort of gathered essentially is people have sort of them had you know various reactions to it some people have said to see um because this would enable students or make it easier for students to cheat therefore we need to go back to exams um and of course that that is not I don't think it's a right response to it because you just have to look at historical data in terms of how different student groups perform when it comes to exam and of course um of all these student groups exam as an assessment type is one of the areas where students perform lists in and that gap is even wider when you start to look at different student groups for example when you look at student groups in terms of ethnicities um so that that wouldn't be um the go to that shouldn't be our responses what I would say to to that um some people have us express the fact that you know you don't need to worry you know ignore trans GPT you know um if students want to cheat let them cheat now we've got you know new technologies coming up you know with 97 percent accuracy or 99 percent accuracy and they can tell us um with great you know degree of certainty whether our students has produced work that has been generated AI or or trans GPT so you know the so the responses and we don't need to panic we don't need to worry but then again of course that that's I don't think is um is an attitude we need to sort of sustain because one that would then mean that we also want to get into this habit of you know because this new software that can determine you know whether students as um uh you know utilize content from from from the AI because then it'll be challenging universities that I want to presume you know so that's another on top of what we already have in terms of turn it in then we're also you know thinking that you know that well be that'll be okay for us to sort of pay for the services so that we can um catch you know students that are cheating using AI and of course we need to be very um strict about academic integrity and and that's that's absolutely important but I don't think that we should you know um just think that all right you know we've got those cheat cheating um uh softwares or applications therefore we don't need to we don't need to worry we don't need to do anything what I think trajipiti has brought to for um is um each around our um over reliance on written work um and I think that's that's the cause of of this panic when you look at a program for instance on an undergraduate degree for instance and again it depends on which um the discipline and some of them lend themselves naturally to you know more written work while others really don't but for those who don't really need a lot of written work you still find that the composition of assessment types involving writing is you know significantly higher than than other types and that's led to the next reaction that I've that I've found which is you know people saying like we need to rethink how we um assess students um so you know rather than just you know thinking about you know assessment relating to just writing for example we can say you know you know create a poster for example you know mix things up a bit um and and that has been some of the um reactions that I have seen and but again I would also kind of get that with you know again you need to ensure balance in all things so if you've got to recent assessment if you've gotten maybe presentation or presentation for example or maybe you've got scenario analysis because those are you know different assessment types that you could potentially use the idea is for you to you know strike a good balance so I think it's sort of pretty forcing program leaders or module leaders to think about you know how um writing heavy are the assessments and I'm just trying to make adjustments in that regard so I think that's been another response but what I would also say is there's a need for calibration just as Ron has said you can see that students are responding in different ways so am I using it as a as a um as a for example me as a critical friend for example or some are using that as a sort of research tool so how can we help students curate content and then based on that see how they reflect on you know what you sort of curated it could be maybe critic you know comparing their work with what an AI will would produce so those are some of the things that I I believe that we should really be talking about so how do we rethink our assessment strategy and whether we're not overly reliant on just written text and how can we use it as a tool to help students to sort of curate content you know to to think differently and also maybe in the sort of incremental way as well and I think that's something that is worth and discussing and be very keen to hear what others have got to say with regards to that the only thing that I'll also um and talk about with regards to you know inclusivity is um we know that many of the data you know that um chat GPT spews out again is based on you know the training set my question then would be you know how do we ensure that a training set is one maybe devoid of bias or you know cautious bias how do we clean those data set because if we're going to be using it you know how do we achieve things like decolonization for example of the curriculum within that how do we ensure that students are having access to you know a wide array of literature from you know from different cultures from different you know and places how can we utilize that and integrate that students you know to develop a more robust learning for our students rather than you know the usual text you know that our students we recommend to our student so those are some of the areas that I think as academics as well and also technology providers um we can start to sort of have this conversation on how you know we can sort of achieve some of these some of these things I think I'll stop there for now because I'm mindful of taking a lot of time yeah and then we'll take questions later on thank you very much thanks Tundie Sue do you want to follow up no sound from Sue sorry is that better sorry I haven't realized I had two mute buttons um so I'll start again um so I'm currently the national centre for AI and tertiary education alongside Michael Webb and in the centre our aim was to accelerate the responsible adoption of AI across the sector thanks to GPT we no longer need to focus on endless raising as it's now very much topic of the day but I think reflecting on that the speed of change has been phenomenal and it continues to be and it's hard to keep up so sharing information and best practice is one of our focuses but also providing practical guidance and support to try and make life easier for our members and we're looking at a range of things at the moment including the impact on academic practice and student experience I think one of the things I really wanted to cover is that it's important to understand that AI is much wider than just generative AI and certainly wider than chat GPT and it's already been embedded effectively in many tools we use all the time so chatbots recommend daters Microsoft insights things like that and I think even more important than that AI is embedded in most tools to support accessibility such as transcription tools so Grammarly premium users AI and that's used by many dyslexic students and discussions on how to use GPT to support accessibility are already underway but we there's a lot of concern about the immediate rush to not use AI to provide guidance and inadvertently disadvantage in students that have accessibility needs and I think with the generative AI tools it's not just chat GPT Google with Bert, Lambda and Bard and Facebook's have their own tools and there's many more tools being developed and in coming to the market all the time increasingly chat GPT is being embedded across Microsoft Office products I think somebody referred to that in the chat earlier so it's starting to come to things like PowerPoint Word and moving usage into the everyday and that makes it harder to make black and white decisions particularly around inclusion and accessibility so from our point of view and what we're trying to help with it's essential to have a clear understanding of how these tools work before making decisions around implementation to understand what you need to think about to ensure equity and adopt responsibly it's a rapid moving complex picture and often first thoughts ignore the complexities and ripple effects and it's important to take the time to reflect and look at everything in a holistic way I'll just give you a very small example of summarizing tools you know as soon as I saw this thought oh these are great it's going to make going to meetings and things really easy because even though I make notes I can never find my own notes but I'm reflecting about this particularly from the academic point of view you know my favorite revision method was to create my own summaries so there's both an opportunity and a risk involved if one at first was like that's really positive so for me I think very much encouraging discussions like this I think the more people try things out see how they work understand how they work and use them and share that knowledge is how we're going to learn and particularly for me I hope that chat GPT impacts in a similar way to COVID and acts as an accelerator to reflect on practice and ensure that we as a sector can provide the best education experience we can for our students and that's where I'll hand over Jim thanks Sue Rob do you want to follow up yeah thanks very much yes my sort of starting I think with AI was sort of in some of the very early sort of university size I mean I was following it when it was sort of being proposed really in the 40s and the 50s 1940s 1950s so it's nothing particularly new and I think what we've been spotting really is just the evolution of the product and the integration of that into more and more of our systems now when I was in my when I was in the 1980s I was sort of doing programming little bits of AI into basic on an old Atari sort of system and I think Rhona mentioned about Eliza and actually that was built into into some of the work that I was doing at that point really and then in the 90s it was expert systems and so we were sort of starting to develop and more recently over the past couple years I took the maturity model that actually came out of the National Centre for AI and I actually mapped all of our processes at the university against that maturity model just to see where we are and if you haven't done that it's a good process to go through because it gets you thinking about all the different systems that and processes that you have across the institution not just for students I mean obviously we focus a lot today on on students because of the ELESIG sort of steer but actually across the whole institution and a lot of our tools already have got AI built into them or very soon coming actually into that some of the the role that a lot of us have I think is about steering our institution in a in a sea of technology really and you know we've seen in the chat I mean Leo mentioned about Wikipedia Manage mentioned about essay mills are we actually looking at anything radically different at the moment with chat GPT yes it's it's obviously got massive publicity and that's done open AI the company behind it sort of a lot of benefit in terms of obviously commercializing it and moving to the next stage you know in a multi-billion pound company at the end of the day they are sort of textbook actually in terms of how to raise the value you know of the product and and other products actually around it lots of other as Sue mentioned lots of other products already exist across the sector I mean some of you already will be using various other tools that have elements of AI in it so AI actually isn't isn't that new from that perspective what we did with the maturity model is we looked at the various developments from both the student side and I think we've heard a lot about that we've looked at it from the tutor side so looking at what tools like chat GPT can do in terms of helping tutors and save them some time potentially so actually it's not just students that can use it it's the tutors themselves and also at the institution level so you can actually use chat GPT and various other tools to develop strategies for you as well and actually it gives you a bit of a baseline that you can then develop on that's no different to what some of the students will actually be doing they'll be using it as they as basis as they have with Wikipedia and various other tools already and then build their assignments on there as institutions we already have lots of tools and techniques to help us try to spot when students are doing that and obviously we have academic and integrity policies to actually sort of set down the guidelines and I think we've heard from various people about the the importance of actually just reinforcing to students to say you know we expect you to create original work or at least a reference when you're using other bits of work students I've spoken to students around the institution some students are more honest I think than others in terms of when they are actually using third party sources and then quoting those and we will continue having people using contract writers but they'll probably use chat GPT instead of a contract writer in some cases but there's probably not a huge difference there people that are trying to deceive will probably carry on trying to deceive that's you know at the end of the day a lot of people are very goal-focused there is a particular thing that they've come into the institution to do and their motivation is to achieve that at the the easiest possible way so there is again no real difference from that perspective so it is for us to actually look at our types of assignments I think Tunde mentioned about an over reliance on written work and we need to think about moving to more authentic assessment we need to make things or some of the assignments think about making those more personal so draft and outline embrace AI it's there we can't ban it it's just going to be around it's going to keep on developing we need to think about people potentially using some of that and then building on the output so doing a critique on it for example or as tutors we might want to think about actually providing some modeling for our students so actually use some of the output and explain about how people can actually build on that but I think the idea of banning it I think is a is the wrong path to go down to recognize it to talk about how people can bring it into their work in a in a sensible way I think is probably a much more positive discussion to actually have from where things have been previously but certainly you know we've spotted all of the panic that everyone has now in terms of of where things are so lots of lots of areas for discussion I think as far as that goes so I'll hand it back to you Jim thanks that's a lovely whistle stop tour of lots of different perspectives on this before because there's lots of questions out there so if people want to queue up the questions and Emma I'll come to you in a minute and just in case you've spotted any good ones in there I wondered if just to expand upon how we understand that student experience we've had those early examples of just talking and having a conversation with students about it but where do you think those key conversations should what what what are the most interesting things to address in there when having conversations with students or thinking about researching in this area anybody got any particular insights on that I mean I can just say something very quickly jimmy if that's okay yeah I mean yeah so so at lgme we conducted a study and trying to understand students experience of the of the assessment process and some of the things that were coming out of that was that if you look at and the various sources of information that students go to when they have issues with your module and the actual module leader or tutor is actually stored on the list so the first on the list is fellow students which of course might not necessarily be you know the the best way to get information but there is this problem where of access sometimes students and what when students study usually is in the very late hours and there isn't any module leader to answer any because if you send me an email outside of book times you will get a response you know and and it's important for students to have this sort of access not I'm not saying that they need to have access to us all the time but I'm just saying that if there was a tool that it can potentially go to all right yeah and if they've got a question you know well you know it can turn out an answer well close to as as reality as possible again one needs to be very careful with and the output of them of chat GPT I think that's that's a useful thing for for for students to sort of think about we also know that chat GPT can also be developed into this sort of conversational and AI where you know student can have you know conversation with them and you know I think there is an opportunity for us as academics to use some of the elements of chat GPT to really like chat bots you know where we've got some ready answers all right and then you know it can sort of utilize some of the ready responses to answer any module specific questions that students might have I think there's an opportunity here and I think it's something that is welcome we can't be there for students all the time but we can create tools you know or or or adapt to existing tools to help solve that problem yeah so you might see chat GPT beating peers in terms of assisting on assignments very soon so did you want to jump in I did I'm like coming probably more from the kind of business angle than the education angle but I reflecting on a few comments we've had with conversations is you know this is big employability issue for students you know AI is is out there in the world and I know that's a phrase often used so but preparing students and using the tools that are being used in the in the outside world I think is an important part but I think it highlights some skills that I think I'm missing at the moment so things like you know AI does give you lots of information how to assess if that's the right information that you need for your purpose is a real skill that only academia can give to students and that will help them both in their study but also post-study as well you know it's it's it's a it's a crucial skill that that is embedded in some other countries in their education but isn't in ours I think so a missing thing for me yeah and really interesting as well to start talking to employers as well to find out where they are in terms of the skills and those sorts of things rona I was thinking about the value of student experience research in understanding academic integrity generally and remembering when you know we all started working on plagiarism and the role that student experience research had there in shifting our view from students are dishonest you know students are fundamentally dishonest to talking to students about what's really going on for them and understanding why students cheat is because we have bunched the assessment tasks all together we have presented them with a single opportunity for high stakes assessment rather than doing continuous assessment we have not provided the criteria clearly and given them opportunities to engage with them um we haven't explained why the task has been set and why it's relevant to your next task or to your longer term career so I just think student experience research you know has the potential to really reframe this this this time that we're in and we can go back actually and look at how that happened in the plagiarism literature and the importance that it had there yeah and also links through to Sue's point which was don't rush into this get some they'd get better understanding before before making big movements Rob I don't know whether it you wanted to jump in or whether we want to I'm just going to build on I think what people said about different uses really for some of the the chat box so what we've been spotting over time is that pastoral support actually sometimes it's out of ours I think tunday also mentioned that as well able to provide support when a tutor is not always able to do so and we've been looking at the degree to which institutions can actually train some of these chat box to become more relevant and we're tracking some research I think there was actually some in in Europe I don't know if anyone's on the on the call already who's involved in that but they were involved in looking at chat box to support students that had potential mental health issues as well out of office times that heads into quite a risky territory for me in terms of where are the limits about where the chat bot then hands off to a more sort of qualified professional in some case but it was interesting about what the students were reflecting already in terms of they were starting to feel more supported in some of the area and I know that's something that affects a lot of our institutions where some of our services now are completely overrun so actually providing or triaging I think some of the support to some of the chat bots may be sort of more feasible now than it than it's been previously but obviously it needs to be done with a lot of caution as well brilliant thanks Rob Emma I don't know whether you want to come online and because I've found it difficult to keep up with the rate of the chat I don't know whether you've been a bit more successful I know some of our speakers today have been offering yes ideas and they Victoria Victoria's asked to ask verbally so yeah a presenter and then I've got a couple more say that I'll read out once Victoria said hers okay brilliant Emma thank you thanks so much Emma thanks for letting me speak no I just my I don't know if it's a question more something maybe that could add to the conversation or take things in a different direction I'm not sure but I guess my concern is as a tool for productivity there's a danger of sort of being pulled into this kind of harder faster quicker mentality and it's and a lot of the things I'm finding with my own students is what I'm needed to provide them is ways to actually sometimes switch off or to slow down their process and to when I heard Sue that was very encouraging to me that Sue sort of saying yes these technologies are coming hard and fast but actually the challenge is to to be able to retain that kind of critical take on them and to not easily kind of be co-opted into that end because we are all part of a system that kind of encourages eternal productivity sometimes to the detriment of health well-being and I think I think maybe that's my question is how because a lot that is very cliched isn't it because some of the technologies do help students slow down or they you know they can support well-being but I guess maybe my interest in is how chat GPT might form part of a balance a broader balance more balanced approach so that actually some of the issues in the sector have been around you know not the mental health stats for students and so on not just as a result of COVID but you know partly as a result of COVID but to think about a kind of not a pedagogy of catharsis but in some ways some way of kind of you know not sort of being pulled into the latest thing but as you said as you're just trying to do here establishing what is key and what we want to take from it as part of a broader more holistic approach sorry that's a massive comment rather than not it's a really important point Victoria and I'm glad you raised it have we got any comments from our panel sorry Rona well I was just going to invite Dominic to speak to this who's assistive technology officer in my department this link between digital productivity and inclusion very well just making a presenter while we're while we're waiting Sue did you want to raise a point yeah I did in answer to Victoria I think really and I think it's that you know I think chat GPT and then all the AI products and the wider ones you know they have the potential to help with things like staff work and things but I think the other thing is it's it's within outgift you know it's there is a there is a rhetoric to you know this is here you must use it you must adopt it why I think you know I'm saying I think for now it's about understanding it and seeing where the opportunity lies rather than thinking you have to do something and you have to do it now you know that's concerning a lot of people and I had I'd rather not increase people's you know mental load really yeah Dominic I think I'm here now yes I just took a while to unmute myself and get the camera on so yeah I think this is this is all great I posted it in the chat right now is is a link to or earlier a link to an article by Stephen Mofferman he made a really important point about we're at chat GDP isn't just this tool that's that's out here you know for cheating or whatever it is actually kind of a new empirical fact it requires almost empirical study because it is based on technologies that we never quite imagine would be possible working in ways that are actually counterintuitive and so we often do not know what follows what's what really possible so it's you know it is writing poetry in a way that nobody thought you could you could make so I was actually using it to translate Czech poetry into English I was thinking chilly that would be really awful at it but it was really good as a process not not giving a finished product but all of a sudden it can enable translator studio things I mean poetry is almost never translated by a single person always in two people to do it so all of this stuff is all of a sudden happening in there I gave another example in this you know I was trying to compare two different translations and and this is really cumbersome and I was able to just quickly create that quick software tool in JavaScript and HTML using chat GDP to allow me to sort of highlight differences within the paragraphs and students are kind of picking up on these things so and we kind of so for example chat GDP cannot do anything with numbers you're gonna do add multiply you'll be on the most basic things but it will give you it will write you an excel formula to do it for you you know it will it will actually create a little Python program to you know to do things that you may find otherwise difficult than you will not be able to do for yourself so so in a way it's kind of assisting people in different ways and and almost the thing it's almost worst at is writing an essay even though it produces relatively bland essays it kind of has a very sort of formulaic structure in the way it always you know has that to try to tell us tell you what to do and then say it and they say it again and repeats the question and so on so it isn't it isn't very satisfying often and I would say sometimes the contractual use will probably still do a lot better but some of these little things like that supporting your work you know structuring things destructuring things and as long as we're kind of studying all the things it kind of cannot do and sort of reminding ourselves of what things to keep an eye on I think I think that's kind of what in the future so in a way I'm seeing this almost as this new phenomenon that requires empirical study as in the way that you know that's sort of a new emerging things like the emergence of cities obviously we have to study what how people live in cities and the same way this is kind of the same thing so we're at the very beginning of of that and so I definitely kind of would encourage people to look at as an opportunity to learn something new about unexpected emergencies yeah and that links with the idea of understanding that student experience of using it kind of that that connects quite nicely with they are our experimenters for us that could actively help that what about going back to Victoria's point though about overproduction kind of yeah I think that's that's a very big yeah that's very often mentioned but in a way I had a very similar experience recently I wanted to find out differences between uh between powerpoint and and keynote as for recommending to people whether they should use one or the other and I found hundreds of articles written by content producers they were entirely free of content repetitive might as well have been written by chat gtp we're already in that situation I could have found a single place they would explain like a detailed feature by feature different in those yeah so software and so I actually tried to use chat gtp and it it actually gave me better results that I that I can have to use my own knowledge to interpret so it wasn't by any chance perfect or detail but actually kind of that iteration the process of iteration going back and forth checking using it kind of as a process of generating hypothesis was in a way was in a way more beneficial so I think that is true that people are worried that there's going to be more content out there but unfortunately there already is a lot of content out there and and a lot of the people who actually offer hire themselves out as contract cheaters they're also being hired by companies to produce content for their websites and and often that content is there just to have content and it isn't very good so I think I'm not sure if in practice it's actually going to be that much of an impact because sadly we're already living in that world brilliant thank you Dominic Rob you've been patiently waiting I think yeah I think it was just to to reinforce some of the things that have been said already is that a lot of this isn't new and I think as Sue said it's a case of taking a measured approach to everything that's going on make the decisions I think with knowledge about what's actually out there what the capabilities are try things for yourselves and then build on that rather than anything that is more sort of knee-jerk type reaction really and I think as we've said already work with the students on the development as everyone is I think has been saying actually students are very concerned that they want to maintain the academic integrity of their degrees and the qualifications generally that that we are actually providing to them so actually they're very keen to to help us in this process so that would be my my thoughts at the moment Tundi you've got your hand up I think okay Emma do you want to pick out any questions from yeah I've got there's quite a few that have come through I think some of them have been answered indirectly or directly in the session I think one of the ones that has come up I think from Tanya which is a valid point I'll read three of the questions that have come up and so we can sort of combine them together because I'm conscious of the time so Tanya asked do we need to test students on knowledge memorised though for me it's it's more about seeing how well students apply what they've learned in jobs you typically don't need to have memorised everything so that was one quote from Tanya which I think I'll digitise into several other things other people said about assessment there was a bit of a discussion about AI detection in turn it in but I think that's kind of been picked up somebody's also raised a rather interesting question that towards the end as AI tools are developing so quickly is students used to support their learning and assessment might those that work on the assessments of the tools at the last minute have an advantage over those who've got going earlier because the tools are advancing so rapidly there was one other question that I have myself is you know with people more and more people getting students or working with students or working with AI has anybody actually yet run all of this stuff through their institutions dpia or ethical approval or privacy approval or whatever it's called at your institution so that's three questions really but I think in a lot of ways they all link together yeah let's go back to our panel and and see if any anybody wants to explore those ideas anybody want to jump in yes can I yeah I'll go after Rob I was just gonna say we've started looking at it from the point of view of where the data is actually being processed I mean obviously a lot of us I think forget when we use some of these tools or when our institution signs up to to anything particularly we don't always know where the processing is is taking place and what is happening to the the data so you can imagine the millions of people that have now signed up to open AI to get access to chat gbt what's going to happen essentially to all of that that information and obviously all of the the questions of that people have been asking it you know to what extent can open AI actually do a lot with that that information not just refining the tool and it was interesting I think how as a company they actually were looking at what the press was doing and talking about them so they I think they've avoided some of the the potholes they did a lot of testing prior to releasing they didn't enter the pothole that that google hit a couple of weeks ago and I think you know people saw the the problems that occurred that when actually the tool is not properly tested out but I think a lot more is starting to come out now about the way that chat gbt actually generates its responses and the training data that actually was used and the way it was actually gathered and the ethics of that as well there's a lot more I think that is starting to become people people becoming aware of now in a way that they weren't of previously so lots of things I think are emerging and will emerge over the next few months that we probably weren't aware of previously and that might change our relationship with some of the tools and the way that you know we actually pick up on them in the future yeah yeah good point Rob Tundi yes thank you Jim yeah and thanks for that Rob I suppose the issue with ethics is always going to be there and I think it's worth you know continuing that sort of dialogue what I would say is that we need to think about this disruptive technology because I know that you know we've been talking about some of the challenges that chat gbt currently has and I know it's a matter of time before it's sort of them of our constant challenges so what I would say basically is as academics or as them technology providers or as educators we need to start thinking that is a technology that's come to stay and we need to think about it as a technology that would continue to improve the question is how do we sort of you know with it how do we ensure that we are able to sort of utilize it for example in that sort of adaptive learning system because I come from this sort of inclusivity space and I think that this tool is one of the tools that would help address some of this inclusivity issues but we need to start thinking about how we can use it directly to address some of those issues is what I would say and to answer the question I can remember the name of the person who asked it with regards to you know forcing students to sort of recall knowledge and so to speak of course I agree with you that you know I don't think that that is right I think it should be more about them application and that's another perspective that we can adapt to chat gbt so rather than just you know coming up with content should be more around you know how do students that apply this knowledge that they've sort of curated or you know gotten from chat gbt in a different you know different setting or all together and that that's all I'm just going to say for now thank you thank you rona I think you've got your hand up I was going to just say a word about developing students digital literacy before we finish this is in response to a question from Geraldine right at the beginning and where she said um it's a bit of a worry that students might assume it produces correct answers these AI tools produce correct answers um and I suppose my response to that would be is that a different from students reading web pages and assuming the information presented on the web pages are correct and think of all that work we've done largely with the support of librarians about teaching students how to assess the credibility of their sources digital or otherwise and all that work we did getting students to write wikipedia pages to understand how wikipedia works before they trust it as a source I think it's exactly the same issue with the AI tools as it is that we've already encountered with some of these other things so we need to develop the digital literacies and for the AI bots that means I think as Phil has just been saying recently in the in the chat with this kind of weird data sources it means we need to understand the data sources that the AI tools need and our professor one of our professors of AI here at Oxford was telling us last week that some of these AI bots have run out of the internet as a data source and are going to social media in order to to gather the vast amount of data that they need to run their algorithm so it's really important that we develop students digital literacies in this case to understand what data the bot is drawing on in order to create its answers wow uh sue I wonder if I could move over to you to summarize perhaps a little bit because we're running I think we've got about three minutes left okay leave us leave us with some encouraging words I'm going to actually because I'm really pleased to see there's lots of comments around you know talking to students including those in in you know how AI is included I do see AI as an opportunity rather than a threat but just about looking at all sides but I think one of the important things um we captured it in the recent uh blog post which somebody posted earlier is that in a lot of these cases we did a lot of research around guidance and whether new guidance and everything is needed and we looked at a lot of policies and things that already exist and you know one of our main conclusions was that there's actually no need for extra guidance to come down focusing on the tech because the existing academic policies already cover most of these areas you know so if you just use what you already have and think of that then then a lot of the time is covered and this is just another tech brilliant thank you Sue so we can I think um what I've gathered from this is uh this don't panic don't move too fast let's take a breather and reflect and use our students to help us understand what's happening before we make massive changes um uh that kind of we're we're down to the last couple of minutes so if you do have a question which we haven't addressed and you'd like the panel to um have a look at it we do have a link that um I just shared and I think Emma just reshared you can put in your comment in there um I think we can save this chat as well so we might go through that and see what we can find we will write this up as a blog article on the alt site so you might see some of your questions addressed there as well I want to thank ever so much the panel for taking the time um to think about this dwell on it and share that and thanks ever so much as well for everybody coming along and having hopefully a really rewarding chat and the chat space um so uh we will be having more events soon keep an eye out for Ellie Sigg and um and we hope to see you all again soon so uh thank you very much I think I'm getting a lot of pings in my ear at the moment I don't know whether everybody else is but I think that's a