What we're going to do in terms of format today is a little different than past issues forms. We're going to allow some questions for Dr. Bussells and specific to the rat and shelter and then a break for questions from the audience and then Ms. Wilson is going to get up and do a presentation kind of to the slideshow review and questions paired with that and then we can wrap, you know, total questions at the end and by the way coffee's here so you will not insult me if you want to get it to be the thumbs. With that as background, we'll go ahead and get started with you Dr. Bussells. So if you could give us a little high level overview of the work that went into the opening of the rat and shelter, that'd be great. Absolutely, so in February we decided to create a Task Force to Prevent and Homelessness. The mayor asked me to lead that work particularly because of my experience around public health issues and I do believe homelessness is a public health issue. When you think about the different facets that go into what makes someone homeless, you think about mental illness, substance use, you're often one decision away from that happening, right? And so really thinking about the complex root causes of a complex problem was especially important. This is the number one thing that we have gotten calls about, sometimes complaints about, sometimes angst about from not only our business owners but our constituents as well. So I would actually say both on the campaign trail as well as now, this is a top three issue and we hear about it from all corners of the city so this is not concentrated just in the downtown core, we're hearing about it in Harveston, in the Garner's Theory area and this is also a situation that's not unique to Columbia and I want to be very clear about that. We've seen a national uptick of people experiencing homelessness and some of that has to as you can imagine do with the hardships from the pandemic, both economic and financial and social and some of it is also just the cost of living and the different challenges that come from that. And so keeping all of that in mind, I was lucky to already have some great relationships with folks that are providing services to those experiencing homelessness and I really wanted to understand the multiple perspectives that go into understanding this problem. So what ended up happening is that we put together a committee of concerned business owners, citizens, people that really cared about moving the needle on homelessness and then we involved the providers in terms of one-on-one conversations, we had kind of I like to say key informant interviews but really had some good in-depth conversations to really understand the scope of the problem and to really make sure that we were able to create achievable outcomes. When you think about homelessness as a whole, right, that's a very daunting issue to try and solve. But when you think about what our specific lane and role can be as a city, it makes it a little bit easier to think about what's possible for the city of Columbia and how can we lead as we have in terms of homeless services to really make a difference, to balance both the safety and economic concerns of our business owners and the social and compassionate side of addressing homelessness. And so we had an outside researcher conduct a study for us. We really wanted to understand the landscape of services in the greater Columbia area and so he cataloged all of the different services that touch any sort of population that may be experiencing homelessness. And like I said, we think about the whole population that includes families, kids, veterans, you know the list can go on because there's so many different facets of homelessness even within that field. And so we learned one thing that shouldn't surprise all of you and that is Columbia is known for providing good services. We have a lot of different options available. Now when you map that out, it may be even difficult to get there when it comes to when you have a car because they're all over the city or all over the county. A lot of these services are restricted by the funding that they are provided where they can only serve specific groups of people or specific age groups or specific genders. And so it wasn't that we didn't have services and we can always do more but we felt like people just maybe weren't talking to each other to build a true spectrum of continuum of care in a way that was serving the needs of our city. And we also learned this term that HUD uses, the unsheltered or the chronically unsheltered population. We found that there were very few, if anyone, working with specifically this hard to reach population. These are the folks that unfortunately may engage in criminal activity or we often get calls about from constituents. And they're really hard whether it's for trauma reasons, whether it's for just general hardships that have led to not wanting to trust the system. And so we work with CPD to kind of get an idea of how many people that is. And they estimate anywhere from 200 to 250, typically the folks that we're seeing the most visibly on the street. And we realize that our focus has to be that. So one thing I want to make clear as we have our conversation today is we're not talking about homelessness big, right? We're talking about specifically this population of the chronically homeless that or the chronically unsheltered that are often hard to engage. But really need the services and need to be able to engage in a way that works for them. And so we continue to work and understand I am a researcher by trade so I read a lot of peer review publications, got to talk with some of our national partners, got to talk with Mayor Wu's team in Boston to understand what they had done. And there's one thing that kept coming back and that was single occupancy units. So the traditional shelter model where you have many people living in one space often doesn't work for some of our hard to reach populations again because of trauma and substance use, mental illness, you name it. Given the high costs of housing in addition to just the challenges of getting more affordable housing in any city, we know that this would be something very difficult to tackle. And I think City Manager Wilson will talk a little bit more about how we got creative about that. But we knew that we needed to find single occupancy spaces where someone can live with dignity in order to then triage them into various services. Through all of the interviews that I was able to do and to talk with people I also learned that oftentimes people don't know what services are available and maybe we need a one-stop shop or a hub where people can meet where our, you know, chronically homeless or chronically unsheltered folks are and then, you know, put them out to the different services that they need. And so that was really where I felt it was important for us to step up and take a role and take a lead. And then lastly, you know, traditionally, the city hasn't coordinated or really overseen its funding in the sense that it gives up funding to a lot of its great community partners. But there really was no kind of person or go to in terms of homeless services within the city. And so a model that, you know, the task force learned from a lot of other cities that was working really well, including our neighbors in North Charleston, was this idea of like a homeless coordinator or, I say czar, I know you don't love that word, but somebody who can really be that point of contact that participates in existing systems and infrastructures that are created for providers really advocates for the needs of the city. Because one thing we've learned, and this should be no surprise to you all, is oftentimes Columbia is taking on the burden of the entire state when it comes to a lot of our services. And we need people to be vocal about that. We need really regional and state collaboration to ensure that if we're going to be known for the best services, then people need to support us both financially and in terms of making sure that we have everything we need for our system to work efficiently. And so we had all of these great conversations on the task force. You know, I was able to kind of summarize a lot of that into a memo for my colleagues. We had some really great, I think, in-depth conversations. And I remember City Manager Wilson saying, okay, you've done the work, give it to us and let us take it now and let us bring you back something based on everything that you've shared with us. And I have to give a shout out to my colleagues because this is really the first time that I've seen a council be so collectively on the same page in terms of we have to do something about this. Sometimes it's really hard and there are definitely uncomfortable conversations. The intent is never to, you know, go in with anything with ill intent, but sometimes tough love is required. And I have to say that the entire council, we said, let's do it. We have to do something. We have to do things differently because it's just not working. And so we had, you know, preliminary conversations with Ms. Wilson and that's how Rapid Shelter Columbia was born. So I'll pass it over to her. Oh, got a couple more questions. We'll pass it over to her in a second. You can summarize when you're talking to the service providers what their biggest concern was and maybe the concern different in the last two years compared historically. Well, I think in general, I touched on some of it. The number one thing I heard was it has gotten more difficult because of the COVID pandemic in terms of just financial hardships that often lead to becoming, you know, chronically homeless. Also, mental health and issues around mental health are at an all-time high. And, you know, I think in general, I also heard there was a little bit of, I'll be honest, a little bit of uneasiness that we took this approach of having maybe our concerned citizens and business owners in the beginning just be the ones at the table to really help us understand what they were experiencing. But then, you know, we started to have these really great meaningful in-depth conversations. In fact, I had a great one with Melanie and her team here at the Richland Library just talking about their experiences, got to do a tour of transitions, got to meet with my partners at Mercy and have worked with United Way for years. I think they began to really see how this is all kind of playing out. We really, really wanted to address the root cause. And that required us to take a very objective, intentional approach to understand where all of these issues were. And so, you know, I thought that the providers, they came and did these wonderful presentations to the task force. And we gave them some pretty, I think, spicy questions, right? We asked them, one of the things that we learned is that there's not many services after 5 p.m. What do you all think we should do about that? And every single provider that came and talked, they had some really great ideas about, well, this is, you know, what we need to do. We talked about collaboration. There are lots of services available. How can, you know, providers better collaborate? And, you know, our providers acknowledge that there is sometimes a very competitive environment for different homeless services. And that there's always room to be better and to do better in terms of talking to each other. And some of it's also, again, the nature of funding, right? South Carolina we learned in terms of federal HUD funding does not get, I would say, our fair share compared to the population that we served when you look at other states like Connecticut where their formula is much higher. So there's certainly work to be done in that sense in terms of bringing in some of those other opportunities. But I think they're, the number one thing they said, we're aware of these issues. We understand that this is a very delicate situation that requires balance and we're here to help. Great, thank you. Take a quick question from the audience. Anybody else got their bustles before we started on this Wilson's presentation? Yes, ma'am? So the cards, I wrote books on the ground. So our organization literally deals with the individuals in the cracks and crevices, Valensbury, Lexington, Columbia area. So to our understanding, and me speaking with about 100 unhoused individuals on last Friday, they're under the perception that individuals are being moved from transitions into the pub. So that's what I kind of wanted to get some clarity on to translate to the individuals that we serve out on the street because of course we know things are being said, but they're like, well, technically it's not helping us because we're still on the street if they're moving from one shelter to the next. So I'll let you add to that. But I would say that that's not true. Transitions is still a resource and partner. They are the ones helping us coordinate the rapid shelter, right? But we will be having our inclement weather center now known as rapid shelter open and we'll stay open in the traditional shelter format. But then we have 50 additional pods and there's going to be a referral system, right? We want to use the data and the systems that already exist to make sure we get folks into the system and we're able to get them to the services that we need. But I'm not really sure where that is maybe coming from. So we'll get to that. Let me answer your question. The answer is no, that isn't how it will work, but you may better understand it if we go ahead and go through the PowerPoint presentation and I'll make sure I specifically address that and be very clear about it. I wanted to say thank you to Niagara Bustles for all of our hard work with the Task Force for Vivid and Hummelsons, it was a heavy lift but it was, you know, the good work that Latin officials should be doing and she took it on very robustly and I wanted to commend her for doing that. She did a great job of really explaining how we have gotten to where we are and what I would say as part of her description is that this council has taken a pretty bold move from the standpoint of the investment of the dollars. They've more than doubled the spend on homeless services that the City of Columbia has traditionally invested. They have invested in human capital as a municipality and as a manager. What I always tell our citizens and our business owners is that we are about the work every day. The people who do the work have to make sure the water's clean and the trash is picked up and now as Dr. Bustles described, we're moving even more into a different era probably of how we address homeless services as a city by really focusing, as she said, on the chronically unsheltered because we are hearing from the business owners, the citizens, particularly those around city center who feel the impact of these chronically unsheltered on a daily basis. I see many of you in the crowd, our friends who work with us, our partners who experience behaviors on your doorstep literally that we really just can't tolerate as a city but we also have to balance how to deal with that with a compassionate and dignified approach and so before we have always had our traditional congregate shelters as Dr. Bustles described and they work well, they're doing their jobs, the very best of their abilities, what hasn't been an option for Chief Holbrook or others who face chronically unsheltered population on a daily basis may be exhibiting some behaviors that need to be addressed but may not be a behavior that requires or should require them being incarcerated is that they haven't had an immediate place to take these individuals and so we'll talk a little bit more about that but this presentation is gonna show you our attempt at beginning to provide that immediate place where individuals who are not already at transitions or not at all for gospel or any of the other congregate shelters will be potentially giving an opportunity to be assigned to a pallet shelter unit and it will be done only on a referral basis, only with the work of our homeless services director and I do like the terms are, I think it just doesn't work well for a job description, for a few resources director so we had to come up with homeless services, director of homeless services and we're so excited on it, show you a picture of Camisha Hepard who is our homeless services director been on the job and boots on the ground for not even two weeks, has been a seamless transition because Colonel Craig Curry who's in the audience, the CEO of Transition has shared her with us, she was his VP at number two person and she applied for this job and got it because she was just simply the best choice and she knows the population intimately. She has also a project manager that we hired Miss Mackinwall who is a young superstar, they both have their masters in social work from the University of South Carolina and Mackin has made it and it's said to me it is her life's work to work not only as a social worker but specifically with the homeless population and she has served us well in this community at Washington Street United Methodist running their soup seller and other opportunities she's had to network with all of our providers so it's just been, sometimes I say the stars aligning for us to find the right people not only in their professional backgrounds but who know this population that we're trying to serve and so let me show you a few photos of where we are, how we started and where we have landed. Kamisha and Mackin are not here with us this morning but we hope to have them with you in the future because we're launching today and it was the goal of the council for us to launch on November the 1st because that had always been the day when the Inclimate Weather Center, that's the title as we knew it, we're rebranding that title but honestly the operation of Inclimate Weather Center is the same as simply now the rapid shelter component that's the overflow so any individuals if you're speaking to individuals that are still looking for shelter on a cold night when it's 40 degrees or below or certain other triggers about Inclimate Weather they can still be shuttled, it's not no walk-ups shuttled to this facility, same setup as it has been but now in addition to those two Butler buildings you will see how we have deployed the 50 plus rapid shelter units, the pallet shelter so with that Corey, and let me thank that listen we can't do what we do without the best team in Columbia so Corey Williams with IT is here, Ms. Pamela Benjamin who's assistant city manager of administration Ashley Jenkins Wood from the office who does project management with me and I see assistant city manager Henry Simons who's over facilities for the city of Columbia and operations who really can help me talk about this you might have to jump up here Henry as far as how this came about in two months time, literally I mean, yeah so we'll show you some pictures so this is September the 7th when as Dr. Bussell's described to you the council had kind of come to terms with what could be out the gate an idea that really literally addresses the chronically unsheltered with a new option and we went on site and had this press conference to just sort of announce to the community and to our providers who are gonna be so integral in the success of this, what the concept is for rapid shelter. And I just wanna add something that this is a short term solution and I think that city manager will emphasize this this is not long term, this is a temporary solution to then allow our folks to get the services that they need, the task force was always to be a short term solution focused as well given the urgency of the issue so. Absolutely, again this was just the site as it's always been, always had been for implement weather center that's just the side of one of the Butler buildings for it. So this gives you a little bit of a feel for the original site plan as we thought or conceived it to become on the left side you see the majority of the units where they would be deployed for the men and the right side for the women. Those two big rectangles again are the Butler buildings that have always been in place down on Calvin Street for the weather center. That's just an aerial as work was beginning to get started with grading of the site. Another view this is near our canal near our water treatment plant. So there's just a lot of thought that had to go into this as many of you probably know we are very fortunate finally with funds from FEMA and the federal government to be finally moving forward with I don't want to talk about the flood because it gets emotional but some of the issues that we still dealt with since the 2015 flood. The pallet shelter site again moving forward as of September 29th. We had electrical meters set thanks to Dominion shout out to them for being so quick and working with us as they always do. Another aerial at this point, concrete is getting laid, sidewalks are being laid. And by now we're at October 11th. Really starting to see some progress. The units are heated and have air conditioning. So all of that had to be taken to account. We have restroom facilities inside the Butler buildings that have showers as well. We wanted to make sure that we would have enough bathrooms so we also invested in portable restrooms and want to make sure at certain times. So certain nights can sexually have to think about this. The nights when it's implement will have another population on site like they've always been. But the idea is to still keep some separation and stage the times for dinner, service for those who'll be coming on the inclement weather nights. But we also have to feed our individuals who'll be there 24 seven who've been assigned to a pallet shelter unit. So we were trying to, as we're going through this think about, you know, how is this really gonna work? And we have a great team who sorted all of that out. Invested in commercial grade washers and dryers. Turf installation, and quite frankly, it was just gonna be better for maintenance for our purposes. It's a nice clean look. You know, people who know me well, I was probably from a mom who taught for 30 years and a father who was a superintendent of schools for almost 50. That, you know, you gotta set a tone. You gotta set a tone that hopefully will instill in the individuals who will be assigned to these locations of pride. We wanna provide a wonderful atmosphere for them with dignity, but there also will be rules and regulations and dignity standards and guidelines that must be followed. This was a big day for us when the pallet shelters arrived on October the 24th. Pallet shelters are based in the Northwestern part of the country. So this is a new thing in the South, we do believe, and we've said this, as we research, it will be the first in the Southeast to try the concept. And so literally they came in on big 18 wheeler trucks were deployed and kudos to our city teams who just embraced this, wanting to establish teams of their own. They got a little competitive with it. We had a public works team and a parts and recreation team and the engineering and all of these different city departments who formed teams. And the teams had team leads and literally it was just like an assembly line. They learned the votes from pallet shelters taught them on day one how to do this and they did it. And I kept saying, slow down. I wanna be able to show everyone how this is done. But I mean, literally in two days they had built these units and they're in our wonderful city teams working. On October the 26th, yeah, a big smile that day. We were able to showcase for a lot of our provider partners the media, give them opportunity to see the concept as it was built out. And that's Camisha there at the bottom left really did a great job answering questions about the programming piece because so this was hard to get it stood up but I think the even harder part is now the implementation of the programming and working to make sure that every single day we have the right number of service providers from staged and staggered but Office of Veterans Affairs or Loradec or DMH Prisma Health has already said they wanna be on board. So we're really thankful that these partners are gonna step up but we need you all to help remind I guess our community partners that again the city can't do it alone. There's just no way that any of this works without those providers. The investment that I mentioned has been there we are creating jobs with this. As Dr. Bustle said, I've been saying it's no longer kind of the middleman approach although we were so thankful for the United Way's coordination with our various contracts over the years. That is truly the second difference here is that the city is now going direct with the providers we are going to rent with the contracts and transitions and the common and the salvation army. I see all our partners in the room to make this happen and that is just quite frankly accountability when you do that. That is Rapid Shelter, Colombia, the aerial view as of October the 26th is having a little lunch. And we had a wonderful community member from Cayna Grilled Hot Dogs and Hamburgers for our team. He did a great job that day. He can close it out for me. With, I think we have a photo of, oh and this was just our construction schedule. I kind of talked through that already for you. I talked about how the team leads were developed with the four to five volunteers per shelter unit. They've been anchored to the ground. These are, you know, just to be clear, these are very well done units. They are anchored, engineered, safe. They've been used for years and proven. See if we can get to Camisha and Mac and photos and contact information we have. So Camisha, how far as I described is our director of homeless services. Mac and Wall is our project manager. We'll have a third staff person who's, she's been hired, starts tomorrow, who will be assisting Camisha and Mac and working with our providers to set up, you know, all of the ground services. One of the other things that I think has been key to Dr. Bussell's point about after-hour services, after five, is that, you know, and it's been eye-opening for me to get in that deep in this as well. Some of that has also been the capacity to do it. So now we have our pathways unit through the Columbia Police Department where Department of Mental Health clinicians are assigned with members of CPD. They will be doing that type of outreach, but we really need the Department of Mental Health stabilization unit, which we keep, you'll hear me always emphasize that every opportunity I have, because even with all of this, those individuals who have mental health needs and need some stabilization before they're put anywhere need to have somewhere to go as well. And that system has worked in other parts of the state and we want it to work well with the capacity it needs in the Midlands. And so you'll hear our counsel and me talking with our state partners to push for that. We'll also have more street outreach individuals now funded through this effort, through transitions and through the city's team to be working after hours.


in the armed forces during World War I. He became an integral part of the military and performed with distinction. The history of war, impressive record of visual documentation as a weapon became invaluable in tactical and strategic planning throughout the entire campaign. Serves many important purposes as a source of intelligence, training, news, and historical record. Traditionally, the combat cameraman lives in constant danger. Taking his pictures in the midst of every battle, fighting and dying with the armed forces. His is an anonymous role, yet a role distinguished by bravery and skill. He exposed to danger. He nevertheless accomplishes his mission. Historical record, he photographed the German surrender. He ushered in the atomic age. And later, the capitulation of the Japanese. After a short lull, the combat photographer was in action again. Today in Korea, he is again covering all fronts, recording the ebb and flow of the war in motion picture and still photography for study and information. Between assignments, cameraman at headquarters relax and check their vehicles and equipment for their next mission. In the army, cameraman are divided into division photographers who work with the regiments, core photographers who have a greater mobility, and army photographers for special coverage. These men have received their training at various armed forces training installations throughout the states. They have been thoroughly indoctrinated in the mechanical, technical, and chemical phases of photography in both classroom and field to prepare them for their mission of obtaining accurate and up-to-date pictorial coverage of war and combat. They soon become seasoned veterans, efficiently performing their duties in broad fields of coverage, peace talks, evaluation and identification pictures of PWs, captured enemy equipment. These films permit a better understanding of how best to cope with the enemy. The cameraman also records new techniques in warfare, such as this napalm drop in a saturation fire bombing test. Photographic air reconnaissance missions are essential for briefing of combat, construction, demolition, and other operational units, such as parachute groups, artillery, and air support. Study of reconnaissance films makes it possible to determine terrain conditions and assist staff officers in planning air and artillery support, as well as troop movements. The films also serve to evaluate damage to the enemy, establish landmarks, landing fields, and provide orientation of pilots operating out of new fields. Target selections may be pinpointed more accurately with subsequent briefing of bomber pilots and assault groups, providing intelligence information to operational personnel. The photographs indicate peculiarities of terrain, camouflage installations, enemy fortifications, airfields, hangars, storage tanks, supply dumps, and other vital intelligence necessary to field commanders. With this information at hand, the course of campaigns can be conducted with greater accuracy and certainty of success on land and in the air. Air photographers record views of a close tactical air support mission. Gun sight aiming point cameras serve to give Air Force personnel an opportunity to study enemy aircraft, their flight characteristics, the critical moment of aerial combat tactics and record hits has resulted in a wealth of film material invaluable for study, information, and training. And pictures serve many important purposes. For most is their value in intelligence work. Essential to every military operation is knowledge of the enemy, is location and disposition of troops. Of equal importance is their use in training. Pictures of combat help prepare our soldiers for their battlefield mission. They also serve as an important source of news and historical matter. In amphibious operations, the contribution of the Navy photographer is of the utmost importance. Both motion pictures and still photographs are vital in the selection of landing ports, beach slopes, and ship to shore artillery targets. This valuable visual training information is secured to perfect the complicated aspects of such an operation. By careful study, errors are eliminated and successful campaigns are launched. In Korea, the ratio of combat cameraman casualties is high. In fighting, the combat photographer must be fast and accurate in his shooting. Hands on speed and agility to get the pictures under all conditions of warfare. Combat photographers frequently operate as a team with each team making both still and motion pictures. Shooting pictures in combat presents many problems, overcoming weather and natural conditions, and keeping their equipment in operation in spite of rugged use. The combat cameraman labors under severe handicaps, often ahead of front-line troops. He travels likely, close to the enemy, and shoots both guns and pictures. His work is vital in communication of intelligence information to front-line personnel, aiding tactical operations, staff work, and briefing units. The results of his film supplement and substitute for maps in planning, briefing, and execution of missions. By study of his pictures, it is possible to determine selection of approach routes and fields of fire, as well as gather up-to-date information on artillery placement and enemy installations. To get his pictorial records of the Korean conflict, the combat cameraman goes into the thick of the fight. Photographers were awarded medals for gallantry in action and heroic achievement. Their military and technical abilities were significant factors in performed services far and above the call of duty. Disregarding personal safety, they displayed outstanding bravery and professional ability. That is the tradition of the combat cameraman.


My name is Jay. I'm an engineer at Indeed.com. I work on our service architecture team and today I'm here to talk to you about how we're starting to adopt GRPC services And facilitate kind of newer capabilities inside of our organization I've been with Indeed for four and a half years. If you want to reach out to me, you can contact me via email Twitter, GitHub, kind of you name it By and large, I'm here to talk to you today about or tell you a story about migration in 2009 Indeed developed boxcar. It's proprietary distributed services framework in 2012 we announced the performance improvements that offered to our infrastructure and then in 2013 we did a tech talk on The protocol and some of the finer components For the purpose of today's talk, you don't actually need to know all that much about boxcar If you're interested in the finer details, you can go and check out our tech talk on YouTube And with that being said, you can kind of keep a few little details in mind First boxcar was written on top of protocol buffers. It balances connections between servers and not requests there's one ongoing request per connection and The load balancing scheme requires a fixed number of connections to be pre-established In order for things to work The scheme lies somewhere between round robin and the proxy-based model But by and large it tends to manifest itself as naive round robin Today boxcar still plays a very fairly large important role in our architecture. We have over 160 services running in production These services are very high performance. Client perceived latency is very low And it runs out of box without any additional configuration HTTP and REST have started to play more and more of a crucial role in our infrastructure And so we see about 20 or so services in production today These systems tend to have a very high latency involved when performing communication with them And configuring these services and getting them running actually takes a fair amount of work from our operations team Especially if you require TLS in your means of communication In its original implementation boxcar was implemented as a library that your team would pull into your project this pattern is often referred to as a thick client and Each web app embeds a small load balancer inside of itself. There's one load balancer per service So if you have an account management service, it gets its own dedicated load balancer If you have a candidate data service, it gets its own load balancer as well The problem with this solution is that as indeed has started to grow over the last several years We needed to start adopting new languages to kind of stay relevant With boxcar only having a few native library implementations Adding support for languages like Python and PHP became extremely difficult and in some cases impossible Also the service framework required a lot of tribal knowledge to get started And was very slow to iterate on so as we wanted to add newer features We needed to wait several quarters for those features to roll out to all of our production systems Additionally it was hard to test locally teams would have to spin up local proxies Make manual manually configured requests Things that just were very slow to get going As with any kind of iterative solution we look back that we look back over our original implementation And see what to see what improvements we could make One thing we could do is decouple the boxcar implementation with our web application This would allow us to write web apps in any language that we wanted to And the load balancing would be encapsulated by the sidecar process And so that's what we started to consider we went and developed a sidecar This is a very popular pattern starting to emerge Canonically indeed kind of refers to these as co-processes which are a little odd But even companies like Microsoft, Vox and Netflix have all talked about co-processes running in their infrastructure as well As a sidecar we're able to solve a lot of that development toil that we encountered in the library implementation While indeed needs to continue to maintain backwards and forwards compatibility on the wire protocol We're now able to control the release cycles a little bit better By going and actually manually deploying these sidecar processes This makes it so we can have the sidecar pickup required features by a certain date And push that architecture a little bit further Because our engineers are historically bad at naming things we obviously named this co-process as sidecar In its original implementation it would take HTTP11 requests, translate it into a boxcar request And then perform the boxcar request on its behalf By introducing sidecar we were able to solve some of these problems Most languages have native HTTP clients which made it really easy to communicate with Clients no longer had to worry about the specific implementation details of load balancing And languages like Python and PHP could easily get started with this system The travel knowledge requirement was reduced quite a bit By encapsulating load balancing logic inside of the sidecar Clients no longer needed to worry themselves with this and only needed to know how to construct a request to that process And because we went through and wrote so many tools to test boxcar We didn't really quite solve that problem using this solution And that's why the development toil is left unmarked Additionally one of the other things that kind of got introduced as we introduced the sidecar process was some more development toil Custom library in Python was written that encapsulated the logic for speaking with sidecar This took a protocol buffer file and co-generated a small footprint for the consuming application This was yet another thing that we needed to maintain and something that we needed to iterate on as time went on And so acknowledging that indeed has been growing and starting to adopt new languages and new technologies We really wanted to reconsider our service art texture Over the summer a few of my friends and I went through an innovation rotation where we started to reimagine some of these components An innovation rotation is just a small three month block where we're able to work on something that we find valuable to the company And then present our findings at the end of that three month block In our innovation rotation we set out to do three things One was improve restful services that indeed make it so we didn't have as much configuration make it so that way we could kind of iterate forward The second thing we wanted to do was support GRPC and HTTP2 as means of communication And the last thing we wanted to do was evaluate service mesh opportunities At the end of the summer we had tested and monitored the overhead of an HTTP2 connection And now all of our Java processes support HTTP2 as means of communication out of box The service mesh we wanted to establish criteria that we wanted inside of the solution Evaluated the various options on the market and ultimately wound up selecting one in the end And so in our considered V2 architecture we wanted something that would look a little bit more like this Obviously we need to continue to maintain box car and side car as their legacy services But ideally moving over more towards having a proper service mesh, GRPC and restful based services in the end Now as we started to work on this V2 one question I started to ask myself was How might we migrate our existing infrastructure to it? And side car posed a very interesting position in this process But before we could leverage side car we needed to make a few improvements One we needed improved performance Having multiple network connections over to a single side car process was very crafty And using a text-based protocol was a little non-optimal for the types of requests we were performing We wanted to remove the toil for adding new languages So no more of these custom libraries that people would have to go and write or maintain No more code generation, none of that And lastly we wanted to keep in mind that we wanted to treat this process as an intermediary as we migrated So going back and re-evaluating our original solution a quick optimization comes out of box of using HTTP2 By using this we now have all of our requests going over a single TCP connection They're multiplex so we don't have to worry about spawning up additional ones as needed And this makes much more efficient use of our network space The other thing it does is it facilitates the use of a binary protocol rather than the text-based one So we didn't have to go through and base 64 encode all of our requests that we made as we communicated with sidecar From there we sought to solve the client language problem After understanding how sidecar took requests and relayed them to boxcar It was really easy to go in and add GRPC support Our sidecar process is written in Go And so Go's implementation of GRPC has this nice little feature of an unknown service handler For those of you that don't know the unknown service handler is invoked whenever a service is not discovered on the target server From there we can take the request and parse out the components such as the service that we're calling as well as the method that we're invoking And then relay that accordingly to the various boxcar services that we're calling With that solution we were no longer we no longer needed to maintain our custom sidecar implemented sidecar Python library But as I started to go and get more and more client languages supported and add indeed I found adding all the dependencies to my local box to be a little crafty Each language required their own set of dependencies to be able to compile and generate source code And indeed supports five out of box Java, Go, Python, PHP and Node So I wanted to look to simplify this process a little bit and wrote a quick open source library that lets us go and generate code inside of a docker image When invoking from command line you can specify a whole bunch of different arguments Primarily the language, the source prodo directory and the target directory you're generating out into And Really? I don't trust demos so we did a video The gRPC gen docker library has a demo branch on that demo branch Is it actually playing? Indeed alpha, thord slash gRPC gen hyphen docker It says it's playing I don't believe it Alright network buffering is not cooperating So we'll go back So the nice thing is that this little script encapsulates the logic of pulling down the various docker images for you Performing all of the code generation in the background And then Copying the built artifacts out of the docker image It's not pleasant because Opened a new tab Yep, we do all of our code generation inside of a managed build system So it's able to encapsulate some of those dependencies But when you want to add new support you don't want to go out to every build server add every dependency And go from there Yeah that goes and actually stands up the docker images can do it in parallel pull all of the information out And then have all of your client libraries ready for you and available I'm going to skip that video Like I said as we wanted to evolve and iterate on sidecar We wanted to keep in mind that we wanted to move to a service mesh and later on Some of the key things to remember about a service mesh is that it helps encapsulate a lot of business logic That you don't want to encumber your applications with Things like circuit breaking is really easy to get configured in applications But as you go and start to support multiple libraries you find every circuit breaking library has their own way to configure different feature support so on and so forth So having kind of one canonical implementation of reference would be great And service meshes give you that ability In our considered v2 we wanted to have our system look something like this Web apps make htp2 requests to unboxes Linkerd instances and then those linkerd instances communicate with offbox linkerd instances ultimately targeting that service In the traditional boxcar setup our web apps connect directly to the web apps And so there's a little bit of teasing apart here that we have to do By delegating all of our load balancing logic into our sidecar process We now have smaller and dumber clients And our pattern starts to look a little bit more like that service mesh that we had targeted originally From here we can A-B test both the service mesh and our existing solution Make sure performance is on par, make sure requests are being relayed completely Certain services that are read only we can actually do dark traffic tests where we fork a request and just throw out its response Ultimately we'd want to kill off our old sidecar and boxcar based implementations And settle on the linkerd and service mesh based implementation Again revisiting some of those core concepts and benefits of using a service mesh All of those business logic and key implementation details such as circuit breaking, load balancing and service discovery are all encapsulated in one You don't have to write that flavor library for every client language that you want to support Your request path is consistent so whether you're writing an htp2 or restful based service You have knowledge of how the request was performed You don't have to know the finer working details of every service implementation out there To go and debug it you can hop right in and understand how everything is flowing Lastly this gives you the ability to centralize visibility into these request flows Things like open tracing and zipkin play very nicely with this implementation And you can see where requests fail along the way By and large this is a very easy integration Especially for developers to understand All of your communication is pointed at local host and when you're writing clients you don't have to think too hard about how things happen So where are we today? Indeed currently has gRPC support in sidecar and has three client libraries generating for that One for go, Python and Node.js We have a bridge layer that lets us continue to use boxcar generated code But perform all of our communication over gRPC This will make it easy for our boxcar services to migrate over to using this infrastructure later on They can continue to use thick client options or they can even delegate all of that information to the service mesh layer Some of the things that are still in progress is the full adoption of a service mesh We're considering solutions like MySQL, Redis, MongoDB as immediate adopters We have data teams and different development teams starting to stand up their own proxies for communicating with various Some of these various systems And some of the things that we got a little blocked on was how to handle gRPC and Java Naturally when you run your own Hadoop cluster internally The question of how do you deal with the proto3 library version comes into place There's a few solutions out there the gRPC IO forums call out to shading that library and handling it that way I did a little bit of a compatibility analysis between the proto3 and proto2 serialization And found that they were roughly compatible with one another and there weren't too many sharp edges But the kind of way that we've been looking at things lately has been using things like OSGI And shading at build time rather than doing it during the source code compilation So let's kind of recap over the slew of features that we have run through Or the slew of things that we have talked about We talked about some of the inefficiencies inside of the boxcar framework as indeed has started to grow and adopt new languages Additionally as I called out boxcar requires a fixed number of connections so as you hire on 400 new engineers You have 1600 new connections to deal with We talked a little bit about evolving sidecar to support gRPC and remove some of that toil of meeting to communicate with existing boxcar services and production While quickly adding support for new languages that we wanted to offer We talked about how we can leverage sidecar as means of migrating towards a service mesh And lastly we talked about kind of the state of the world where indeed is using gRPC today Thank you Questions It's not that it wasn't compatible We found serialization so long as you're still generating code using the proto2 compiler Things tended to play well with one another As long as you didn't wind up with that proto generated three There's some more like extensive based testing that I wanted to do but I haven't gotten around to doing it yet But we've seen pretty good success with these python and node clients that are using proto generated Our proto3 generated code And interrupting with our existing boxcar services that are using proto2 Now when you go into the Hadoop landscape you're kind of forced into the bootloader that they have there where there's proto2 at the bootloader layer Versus proto3 at your application level layer And so we wanted to make sure that when invoking certain aspects of gRPC We preserved the proto3 invocation path and so one of our teams have started using OSGI in that case Where anytime a client invokes code within your service package layer We make sure we invoke gRPC and proto3 properly And then shading at runtime is also another possibility Or not at runtime at build time is another possibility When we were doing When we were doing HTTP2 based testing there was very little overhead especially for on box HTTP2 calls Sub millisecond effectively I had to go down to the nanosecond layer to get any kind of rough timing around that Obviously with the initial connection establishment there's a lot more overhead but ideally your application isn't issuing requests in the critical path on that initial connection establishment We have background dependencies that are constantly pinging these services and keeping these channels open for us That way we can ensure that when a request comes in we can have that pre-established connection for us What drove the need for having to support multiple languages? Correct So our labs team is by and large an incubator They're making new projects on a day to day basis They use Python by and large and the reason for that is speed of delivery They're able to prototype an idea and get it out in a matter of time Or in a matter of much smaller time than if they were to use Java Now they need to get access to existing production data so rather going and rolling their own system they wanted to talk to boxcard So going and using something like GRPC to communicate with those existing services proved to be promising because GRPC offers code generation across a larger variety of languages We don't need to worry too much about adding our own support for it and then trying to build that into our timing A lot of this would just come kind of naturally and we can offer it quickly I think I got the Node.js implementation working in a day or so So not really an overhead there So one more yes We did not have to migrate any restful implementations over to using protobufs We have a few HTTP APIs that are using protocol buffers as their means of transport but they also support things like JSON and XML The spring framework if you're using Java has an actual message converter built into it for converting requests based on either protobuf, JSON or XML And so you can use protobuf to describe your request response models But then add that converter both on the client layer and on the server layer to use protocol buffers as your communication But also then let testers go and make natural JSON based requests We use that for our navigation system Sorry the demo didn't work, thanks y'all for coming


How are you feeling? Baby, I'm tired, I'm hot, I'm over it. Can you sleep? You know I'm not sleeping. You're there. I know you have. Sleep problems? Yeah. It's almost over. Is this supposed to be sentimental? I didn't get the memo. No, I'm just asking questions. What's going on everybody? I gotta give a shout out to the sponsor of this video right here. Squarespace? Listen, if you got a big idea and you gotta do a big, might as well do a big with Squarespace because Squarespace, you can launch an online website, you can launch an online store, you can, online website, I think it's already online website, but you know what I'm saying, you can launch your own marketing campaign, you can do so many things with Squarespace. Right now I am working on my Squarespace website right now for this tour where you can buy merch, you can buy tickets, you can buy meet and greets, all that. So I'm telling you right now, you could be used for a lot of different things and plus, I was able to code it. Now I don't know how to code.  And if you already launched that website, go to squarespace.com slash Shanbooty so you can get 10% off your first purchase of a website or a domain. You know what I'm saying? No one here to help you out. That's squarespace.com slash Shanbooty. Get 10% off now. Don't waste it. This baby's coming. So we are, we are rearranging the home. Our life. Our life, Jared, you're leaving. Oh yeah. Which we'll talk about why we deleted that other video in a second. We got to hire somebody new. We did. We have to build stuff for the home because our home didn't, we could have facilitated it, but we're like, let's just kind of rearrange stuff. So we're now in Ryu's room, which used to be our room. Not finished at all. Nothing is finished. That's the whole point. But we're figuring it out and we're getting ready. Yeah. We're getting ready. We're getting ready. You are ready. Are you ready? Yeah. This is the level of enthusiasm I get from Jared, guys. What do you mean? Yeah. What do you mean? You're not like, you're not punching me in the stomach back. I can't. I can't. This is Ryu's room so far. She got the bed. No bed covers yet. We got to get that going. Double bunk bed. She got a TV. Now this is going to go. We just have this here because it pulls out so badly. Family in town. Baby's room. It's the same as Ryu's. It says Ryu. Ignore that. Ignore that. This is Shan's office. Still working progress as well. Our new bedroom. Do you want to see the new baby? Shooting, shooting. Oh, I love it. All of our final so that I can be pregnant. Yup. Shan is obsessed with the attention to detail. She wants to change clothes for each story that we're doing. I don't think it's necessary. I just think it makes us look lazy. Don't you guys feel that? If things look like they were all done in the same day. But they are. I hate to break it to you. They are. They are. 28. It's 28. It's eight days away. Going with July 22. What's wrong? So why did we take down that other video, Jared? Oh, because I feel like it was unnecessary. Very negative. It's like, it's already a really tough time. And if you and I are in an alignment on it. Just because somebody else is not in alignment on it. Just negative talk. A lot of grandiose statements of who I am as a father and as a dad. That I felt were extreme. Yeah. I think that it was reminiscent of why I never shared when I went away. Yeah. Like there was a specific reason. And I remember being really clear with my manager even about that. That I was like, I'm not posting. What's wrong? She wants to climb the stairs. So we were on a walk. Right.  She was just acting a fool the whole time. This would be our room. We got to pull it together. But here's the bare basics. Yeah. It is 2022 and we are excited to be continuing our partnership with Squarespace because we use it for everything for years. We use it for Shann's website. We use it for her book website. We use it for Lauren's website. We're using it for my website. We're using it for everything. We keep it inside the family now because the endless possibilities that you got with Squarespace cannot be beat. So you might go do it with Squarespace. Squarespace is user friendly, giving beginners like myself to make it look like we really know how to code out these streets and make our stuff look professional. And that's all we want. We got a great idea. We got a great business. And we need to make a website that actually matches that idea. You know what I'm saying? And Squarespace is the way to go. I'm telling you, I can't say it again. I can't say it enough. Squarespace is the way to go because they got fresh templates. I mean, modern templates. I mean, the things that you can customize to make it look so professional. And if you got that business that just wants to give out a certain type of energy to the world, well, you can make your website match that with the templates that Squarespace is offering. Plus, they got super in depth analytics. And I'll be the first to tell you analytics can give you a lot of data that's going to make your business thrive. And they offer that. And plus, if you do any type of mailing list or email campaign, Squarespace got the thing for you. Because let me tell you this, their email campaign is the most cost efficient one that I have came across. And they look stunning just like their website. So I'm telling you, this is the way to go. I know I said that before, but I'm saying it again. This is the way to go. So head over to Squarespace.com. Start playing around, build a website. See what it feels like. See what it really, really looks like. And then when you're ready to launch, go to Squarespace.com. Save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain. Again, that is Squarespace.com. Save 10% off of your first purchase of a website or domain. I ain't gonna say it again.


Of course. I am Dana Lorraine. I'm a singer. I'm an actress. And yeah, so many other things you'll have to find out by yourself later on. Yes. I'm just going to slide that in there and answer hi. Hi, I'm Josh from the University of Nairobi. I'm still a student. What do you study, John? Chemistry. What? Chemistry. Yanidze chemistry is doing high school. You not decided to continue with this in the university level. I'm confused. It's like I expected him to be coming with a lab coat. Oh, wait and stuff. That's surprising. I didn't see that coming. Welcome, John. Social media handles. I'm Josh. That's on Twitter, Facebook. I'm not a friend of IG. He's surprising. Okay. You're a man of few words, but today we're going to need you to talk. Okay? I took more. Oh, good morning, sir. Morning too. You look very dashing. Thank you. Wow, winning just 2019. Thank you. What is your name? Edward Michuki. Any relation to Michuki? I am very not informed. Find out. You never know. Kamaliya. I'd like you to hold the mic a little bit closer to yourself. Thank you. Are you on social media by any chance Facebook and the like? Yes. Facebook, Edoics. Twitter, Edoics. I'm a preacher. I'm a singer. I'm a father. We should do a collab. Wait. Good things happen when you watch one in the morning. I know, right? All right.  I'm married, that is. Welcome. We are going to need an opinion of your kind of mindset. Thank you. I hope you're ready to spit wisdom into our lives. Let's talk about group psychology. What do you think group psychology is? I think group psychology, this combination of more than one person coming together for a common goal and a given mind with an intention. And I think with our society today it is so much rampant to a point that you find like almost everybody needs to be involved somewhere. And I would challenge that everybody needs to be somewhere because the world today is so much improved to a point where we are getting I think we use the word we are becoming more digital. It is important if we can become one we can come together so that we can attain our goal and get to our perceptions. Lakin this kia goal ni ampiratu atia Man City. Atazi Chelsea. Did you watch that? I would try this baby. What was that assassination? The fans are complete. Chelsea fans are sleeping right now. They are asleep. They are not watching anything. That's the one. How do you get beaten like that? And then weirdly enough, do these guys when you lose you still get paid? They have to be paid. We have digressed slendons. I want to bring what he is saying into the context of today's topic. Group psychology. Kwanzaa pawendu tafraya. Yuna jo nara represent boi chaleo. Example, you want to approach a lady. Sasa, for example, madame. But wakwengi. Not a pigakelele. So you are going nicely to talk to the one that you have seen or women's sport. But they are table of girls. And on your way to go say hello or something, all the rest make noise. We talk up and then we get paid. How do you first of all deal with that? One woman is working. First something. Okay, it's not cool. But it happens. Because she said earlier, they call her mother hen. Something of the sort. Squeezy Konaswag, alpha female. The chair of the group. Okay, I'm preventing. I'm preventing to say some more there. Yes, tabiri tumi zema. Uledi mamegota. She's always the chair. And you know, the chair decides, she decides everything. And in most cases, the chair is that girl. You will least have interest in what she decides. Most of the time, our chances are minimized. You reach there. Okay, you are approaching the girl. You have spotted. But the one you don't have interest in, is the one standing in front telling you, so it's something. Yeah, exactly. Then they start, they classify you. By the way, we look at your shoes, from what you're wearing, apples, the way. So, I think they should actually change. And since we have the pastor here, we should advise her. You want us to be prayed for now? Help us understand pastor. I need you to... She has a strong personality. We're the same, by the way. I think I've heard Nora say, mada hen, mada hen, mada hen for female. I mean it's a challenge. And say, problem kubu ina kuja kwa sabi ya kitu na ita fear. Fear is the greatest problem of a man. I'm not saying this because I'm married. I'm saying this because I've gone through it. So, boy child hana shida. Kenye boy child na mefanya, ni kuogopa. Ya ni, ile, ile, ile, ile, kamentality ya komba, tuni eda beijin, tsa sa ladies can talk and all that.  Otherwise, boy child badawa na baki kuakichua. And we'll challenge and say, atu fai kuogopa. Okay. God created man to be a man. And man was created first. So, ile vitwingine ina kuja ina ku challenge, unafawu juime kuja badawa. So, fai ku atu pretend. So, fai ku atu pretend. Ile unaka, unaogopa like now, kwa sababu mambua unataka, ni to come out. Use me kenye unataka because you are a man. Lakin nisa sa ukikuwa intimidated because of, ile voice ule kutana na ya moanzo, alafu nitaka kuone shalai ni me lailo apundi ushida na ingiliya. Na ina onekana kama boy childa me kaliwa. Otherwise, we're still there. Someone clap for him. Someone clap for the pasto. Yeah, thanks. As he has said. It's actually true. For me, if you come unaka, nika uko 50, 50, 50, 50, I will not give you the time of the day. I'll be like, what do you want? Deal with whatever you want. Tell me and bounce. We actually are confident enough and come and tell me, yo, I see you looking good. I was thinking maybe you can go out on a dinner or something. And if I decline also, you might be all that confident, but I have looked at other things. So you might be all confident up in my face and stuff, but then I've already smelt you from afar and I'm like... Smelt. Yes, smelt you from afar. So I'm like, nah, sorry. I can't go out on a date with you. It usually depends on the certain scenario most of the time. I have a story. But before we do the story, I want to remind you guys we are giving away monies. We want you to write in a limo zen. So what you do is just take a short video of yourself dancing and then post it on social media tag at Y254 on Facebook, Y254 channel on Twitter. Hashtag is katika na mash auto. So once you do that, the video with the most likes gets to be part of the competition on Saturday from around 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Now the prizes include, first of all, everyone gets a certificate of participation and then the top ten will get a ride in a limo and then the top three get monies number one, 30,000, number two, 20,000, number three, 10, those are thousands guys and it's the month of love. We have a couple of sites coming up so just in a minute. But my story, there it was, my name, my own business. So it was my friend's birthday party. So we go, enjoying, enjoying. So she had it out in a club and then she invited a couple of people. So we had our own section. You'd have like a dress code or something because they're very secret. That's all that I can't do this. So it was polite. People were there, were having fun, good time and then some guy approaches her and she didn't like it. So she comes and tells me, I need you to help me out. When you see me, that's a particular member. Just need to, nipatieshuguli, ndua niache, nnamombia an onoke but haski. I'm like, okay. So I came on a TV, she gives me a kaloka and I'm like, okay. So I came on a TV, she gives me a kaloka and I know even me now what I'm supposed to and I know the story. I know the diverse, diverse people.  Now I'm coming back. But she's my friend. Ah, for us we... You think that's the reason now? It's not my business. You don't see it as the reason. You think you're never asked for it? Yeah, because I would... At the same zone. No, if I had a problem, if I had someone who kept insisting, he had known that he's being romantic and he's being persistent. Me na na na nisumbu. Na nisumbu, na na nisumbu na niskin, kimambiania. I'll tell my sister in Christ here wiki onamtu apua na nisumbua, sumbua, mambiania. Amakai, moneyata wuxkiya wewe, twende inje, tufanya kakitu. So finally, eventually we hope it gets the hint. So na mi nimeside ya. Ki doko bocha comes lamenting, oh, siji alpha female refused. So na she has been shut down. Siji na you have to appease the alpha female first. Siji umbe kakitu, siji jiwe, siji umbe, ah, imagine it's not that serious, like it wasn't that serious. But why did you ask Mike to talk to me? Like, you should come and know me approachiva. You should be the person to decline, not that you sent your alpha female. I think, yokchi na, inaribu.  Like you are the one who has the qualities of a boy. So na, you have to decline, not sending your chair, a lab calling her chair. But ask me, ume decline, ume decline ask me. No, me have a question. Ask me as a son. Wait, wait, wait. Ume juwajie, uyu, uyu, uyu boy child, uyu, ume ume ume putof, na uemone kumunye kwa miena, aki kujya umpeshuguli and other. Ume umeshamu analyze kiaji into juwe, hayu kosawa. But usually, you don't have time to analyze. Okay, okay, okay. Listen. Listen. Yeah. Today, nita, nita, kwa advise for free. Uhum. Usiwa hida raumtuna outlook yake. Me atasimutu. No, it's not even a matter of outlook. It's not a matter of outlook. There is a problem with our, with our ladies. Unlike, squeeze it na tembele makuchan, niskem nina kusema, aki a kosawa, kisekomba ke kanyaga umbu, iwe zikufa. Ah, yeah. Okay. And that's a new idea. Nilewa. But I want to challenge us. There is a problem. Uhum. And we are learning in the problem every other day. Kosababu, gani. We want to, to think, yani ile, ile, ile tuya kawahida, yani ina kwangalia, and like, nime maleza. You get the pointer. And I think that is the greatest problem. Kosababu, the moment in kwangalia, maybe I've not seen the figure I wanted to see. Uhum. If you've not seen the money you wanted to see. Uhum. And maybe you don't understand it's a trap. Mwanzonata ka nikuwin because these are material things we'll just follow. Okay. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. Uhum. You can be blessed na baraka kwa ume barikiwa ndiwa ue wupoke, mani elewa. So ue wumenda ku kuputof this boy cha, right? Nisa wajume peba yoru idini.  Na yo ndo ena fanya leotu ungele kwa sebabu, most of us today ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa ndiwa. Like, nimi na jua kama jambe wa, I can't. No, sasa uno ona eile una ndiwa, what can you na tewa is the wrong information. Lakini ona chuko right kwa sababu gani. You are in a group of people, you are in this group, psychology, yene wan tako konesha, we can think for you. No, God created you to think. Now. Not people to think for you. Kaisu is clapping hands. The problem is here, okay it's not actually a problem.  So she comes and calls me. No, you're not an ami, you're not an ami to tell me you will ask after. Yes, I will definitely ask after. Unless there is danger. I will ask after because at that particular point you need my help, you're like ei mazebe tafadali, get this guy. But as long as you're not fighting, you need to ask. If people are not fighting, you just ask. Okay, let me. If you're not fighting like physically, me so long as you come and tell me, ei mazeum say, staki radake, do something about it, I'll definitely, okay I will not like be all up in your face.  Uia me kwa mbe hivu kusababu, wewen do kusema. Si kwa sababu anataka umsa hidi a zinwen yunafkiria. Ni kwa sababu anatua wewu spongi, ani wewu spongi. When do spokesman work, I'm a spokeswoman. Ani, wewu dewa na pokuambia ti, wewu boin putofu. Ni sisa ni kama wewen diwo bosswake. Ataka, ataka, ataka, ataka, jana hiyu monatumbola zima kutafutu kwa mbenilu monatumbola. I don't understand it. I think there's a breakdown, there's a breakdown in communication. First wait, let's just take this back a bit. First of all, there are two things that I want to tell you. We're going to the slides a little bit. First of all, it's not that serious. When I tell her, if at all we're friends and I tell her, please tell this one to leave me alone. It's not that, I'm not looking at you because oh, you look some type of way. I'm ready determined, I'm not going to marry you. Oh, naka, ongo, ongo. You're not that much. No, because we do this with people either who look like they have money or even people who pop champagne. They keep sending bottle, we keep sending back. We don't want your money. I've actually heard that scenario of somebody buying booties to my table. We don't want. Then, I literally had to even shout at the waiter because I was like, yo. Stop bringing back. Take them back. When we gave, we had the plan. So why would you want to buy me? Again, again, this is not us attacking you. It is just, maybe we wanted to have a girl's night out. And then girls night out in a manisha. Girls night out. It's not like boys night out. I want now to say this, you were the problem.  What if he doesn't want to listen?  I don't owe you an explanation. If my friend, the one you want, does not want, then leave. Now to make it better, you need to explain to him. Whichever way. I don't owe you an explanation. Ume muwana yosiku, ama me kuwanae. No, I want to believe mani ume ni. Kwa isi meeting. Tumenda sherehe. Isi meeting. Sikata ii, sikata ii nisiki zi pointi angu. Pointi angu kuwapa. Whichever way me kuwanae. Na haumu utaki. Kwaninu umtumani? Juhaski, wuki muwambia. Uya kishina kimombia.  Uwa nona. Lemi just, let me just follow her. Wacha, infakt, nimi lewesheki dogon. By the time tumali zi story. Ako, sikwana taka, but, ah ah, sikwana kata yos story. Atutaki, atutaki. The problem, the problem actually comes. When, see, I come away with kata, that can be a bit understandable. But she does not know what it is. Like, she knows what it is. But when the boy child is born, like he is a lawyer. Running mate. Running mate. Lawyandi anaka. Lawyandi anaka, kata, ati usikubaliu boys, juane ni ni. Now, ono juwa madem. See, ma boy, like ma boys. Mine zaku tan na boy pale. Nimuite. Like, nimuite tuji na inaka, tumatu si. Like, niya jengamia. Then, niki endambele. We are friends. Batsashida madem, na itana babe, bae, my wife. Then up onbele, minachukiana. So, the mother hen, most of the time amona uboya kosawa. So, niwevu tu, ataki beshtiake, apate uboy. You see, again, break down in communication. Bono mnona tu nona wevu. Do you even know when you're madem? What do you feel like you have that we want? Honesty, ni metu kakusoma atikolingine apu. And that's how we got some of these slides. That says, we as females feel like it's like genetics. So, we want the best genes. Si genetics ni kwa na manome. So, to get the best genes, we are willing to fight each other at it to get the prize. And I understand what you're saying, kus kama mwamendika, it's biology, it's science. But when you say to God, you don't even have to think about it. You don't have to think about it. But you have to be with us.


Conference and awards were in the bigger hall and there was a bar at the back. So people had the opportunity to, of standing at the back and drinking while listening to, you know, paying attention to what was going on on stage. I will not take long congratulations Aman. And many congratulations to Prashant Kumar. You know, when I, when you look at PK and the award, he's won, you know, enough and more has been said. I don't think I have the capability to add anything more to, you know, all that has been said.  But somewhere it would fizzle out and then came Pete Sampras, right, who was humble, who was down to earth, but he created, he broke and created so many records and he came to be associated with this term called, you know, nice guys can win, right? And win big, win long. And we all know what Pete Sampras accomplished. So in many ways, when I hear all of these, those things said about PK, he reminds me of, you know, that analogy with Pete Sampras, that nice guys, you know, you don't have to be cutthroat. You don't have to be, you know, ultra competitive only. You don't have to kind of stand or, you know, bypass somebody else, stand on somebody else's shoulder to, you know, win in business or in life. And PK, I think, is a fantastic example of that. So well-deserving award, PK. Congratulations again. Thank you to all the, you know, speakers who've been here today. Adam, thanks for, you know, making it busy schedule.  We made sure that it not play. So it's a set up. Apologies again for, you know, what happened. The bar is open. Kindly join us and enjoy and celebrate PK's win. Thank you.


Welcome to Toffy TV, bit of a treat today for you boxing fans. We've got Peter McGrale and Joe McGrale here, both fighting next week at the M&S Bank Arena. I can't ever get over saying the echo arena. It will always be the echo. It will always be the echo arena. It will always be the echo arena. It will always be the echo arena. It will always be the echo arena. It seems to be like the meche in the UK for boxing fighters. It seems to be brilliant. It is, it is. It seems to be brilliant. It is, it's good. Obviously I had my first two fights there. I had a debut there. And just boss, boss, boss the boxing there. Obviously we're all love the scousers in there as well. Yeah, and it's obviously had the MMA stuff as well. So we had meatball, paddy there. So I mean this, what is it about this city and fighters? I don't know, there's just always been good fighters throughout the years haven't they? Obviously you've got Bellyw, as you mentioned before. You've got the Smiths as well. And in the cage warriors, the UFC now. I had the cage warriors in me, because that's what I've been to in the echo. But yeah, in the boxing and the MMA scene at the minute, it's a flippers line in it. Scousers, scousers are taking over. Pete, you've been an arm for a long time in the amateur scene. Joe, you've only just started but you're 19, you're 25 in the 26. 25 on. Stay 25 as long as you can be. So obviously different sort of paths. You were Commonwealth Games gold medallist, European gold medallist as well. How does that work? What's the amateur like different to being a pro? Yeah, so obviously the amateur is you've three round fights. You could box like three, four, five times over the space of a week to ten days. You weigh in every day. I had to box in the GBA to go to Sheffield every week. Monday to Thursday sometimes away in mad places. Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Russia, America, all mad training camps on that. But it was good experience eventually, obviously. Got to the Olympics, which is what I stayed amateur for to go to the Olympics. And then obviously now I've turned pro back in Everett Nett triangle. I was missing a lot of time in there. I just had to go down to Sheffield all the time. It feels like the national one, isn't it? We've seen Anthony Joshua and the people that go there. So now I'm pro back in the gym, obviously with my brother. All the lads in my coaches, Paul, Paul and Anthony. It's good times back home with the family all the time. So I'm made up and he was up to them. He could have tried to go down that route. Try and go to the Olympics, but between us all, I'm obviously the main person to make the decision. He wants to turn pro, and it's great now. We train alongside each other and we didn't come together. Try and create that dynasty like the Smiths have. Both big Evertonians, of course. That's why we've got you then. We wouldn't want you to go in there. Both big Evertonians. Did you take anything into the ring with you? You know, we've seen Tony with the dead cars and Molly's in the US. She's got the flags and the scars. Is there anything you take representing the club? I'm going to always wear a blue shirt. I think for me next fight, I'm going to get on the woman who does the shirt, get a little shatter and see her somewhere on there. I don't know whether it probably depends on how we get on against Leicester. If we win, I might go on to the 11th. You want to jump on the good feeling we win, don't you? I've not been on to Antoine Pavers yet to get a bit of a mix going. I've just come out to dancing in the moonlight. When a boxed years ago, obviously for GB, it was called The Lion Art, it was sort of similar. It was amateur boxing, it was called World Series Boxing. It was a bit more similar to pro boxing, you'd have a walk-out tune in that. And I picked that tune in that tune, so it was just stuck to me. Literally, I reckon sometimes more than once a month, but at least once a month, I'd get a phone call or a video on Snapchat, or a voice note on someone's out in town or somewhere, and that tune comes on. So it's like that song sort of stuck to me. Doesn't strike me as the boxing song? If I go for a run, it's always like an AC DC comes on. It's a bit of a boxed tune there to walk out to. I know what you're saying, but just because obviously, when I was walking out in the WSB, it used to be in your call, it used to be packed on that tune, just when I was walking out to a boxing thing, and then it all stuck, and then when I think about it, the way I box, I am dancing under the lights in the ring, so you can look at it that way. Oh yeah, yeah, it's your own personal thing. It's like you're married, you have your wedding song, listen, there'll be loads of people out there going, why have they got this song? It all means something to each other. But obviously next Friday, 22nd of April, it's a big night. It's a big weekend in it. I don't want to think about stuff like that. No, but if obviously, we're after a good weekend too, in Dr McGrayle, isn't it? I don't want to think about things like that. I think about the boxing then, isn't it? So is that why you're just fighting on the Friday night then, just to avoid the... No, we'll still probably be going on the Sunday, but obviously we're just focused on our fight first, because... So you've fought quite recently as well, haven't you? You're fighting like December? We both boxed in December. We both boxed in December. We both boxed in December. We both boxed in December. We both fought in December then. I fought in February then, when was your last one? I boxed four and a half weeks ago. Is that normal? Sorry, three and a half weeks ago. Is that normal? When you start, is that normal? Say now, that fight was a six round fight. My next fight was an eight round fight, so I was like, I'm not in like 12 round wars where I'm going to need... That fight only went two rounds, or bruzzolo, my face, or... I was just ready to go again, as fast as I could. So it's the best way to be, just stay busy, stay active, keep your eye on and keep the ball rolling. I've been to box of size, I know how tough it is. Seeing when you use a phone, obviously because you're just starting, you're doing the show to the hands, but what's it like fighting your family in that, at M&S? Yeah, it's boss, you know, because obviously I was on GB for years, so I was always, just mad places, I've been all over Europe, as I said, named a few places before, just where there's no one there really, but to be honest, the years I've been about having years, I've been to China, all over Europe, Bulgaria, Germany, obviously all over England, over the years. I've been all over England to watch him as well, and we've been over to Ireland, so the family was there sometimes, but the programme just feels a bit different. A lot more people have bothered, you know what I mean? Yeah, because it's gone, I'm a lot older news too, but it's gone, it always used to obviously, always used to feel like it was going one direction, you'd have a few fights and then it would always seem to be like Vegas or Wembley, and it would always used to feel like for a lot of fighters, you'd have one defeat and it was like they were finished, but now, the way it's gone recently, the way all the different TV channels and there's a lot more local rivalries, it seems, I don't want to say like wrestling, but you know the way, you see the way Tyson Fury's building up to fights now, it seems to be a lot more people are in it and a lot more people are, there's a lot more good nights as well, certainly Liverpool, the way they have the nights now, but without having to have like these huge like one-off names carry in the night as well, it's like a good local fighters and people will turn out safely in Liverpool. This show, next radio, it's just basically Scouser all the way through, so it's going to be a good night for Liverpool like. I mean, hopefully that weekend isn't good for Liverpool, but... Liverpool as a city. Do you like houses? Do you like carry that about, when you fight just, because obviously like Tony, obviously Tony Belly is a huge Evertonian, he doesn't mind telling people, and Molly is, she wears all the Evan's stuff, but I know, I've recently, she is, there's more of a Scouser feel about things, she's making sure she's representing everyone, just do that, or just like, I'm Evertonian. No, but obviously everyone knows her blues, it's been on for years even when I won the Commonwealth Gold, went on the pitch at half-time and that, but, I don't know, I see myself as a Scouser, and my blues, but I think most proper Scousers are blues anyway, so it's one of them. It's all right, Tony. No, it must be like that, because you, I do feel sometimes when you're watching a fighter, it's certainly all the good ones that Evertonians, but when you do watch a red, I do feel sometimes there is that thing of like, do I really want these to win? Do I really want these to win? But ultimately, I do think, because with Scousers, it does come through in the end, doesn't it? Yeah, it's like if a Scouser is fine, no matter what they're fine and how they're fine, it's like, I'll back the Scousers, I always want the Scousers to win. Yeah, of course, always. But obviously, both Evertonians, does that go hand-in-hand? Does it ever stop you going on a match, or does it get in the way, or do you have to ever think about that? Yeah, well, as I said, we keep going back to GB when I was on GB, I had the season to go, and then obviously it was just a win on top, going away on my training camp to that, so we just ended up getting rid of the season to go, and since Monday the leave, was it last year then in August? Left last year in August, and obviously we just buy to go to now whenever we can, but we're on the waiting list for the... for the... for the new ground with it? Probably like the... I don't know. Every time I do something, I say to whoever it is, see what you can do for it. Do you have to start? I don't know. You have to get into them, and get better at going to bit them. I'm sure they'll sort it out. I'm sure if... I was going to say, what's the next game after that? I'm sure if you win, they'll get you sorted. Is it Chelsea? It is Chelsea, isn't it? Sorry, I'm just thinking about these games, and just like Jesus Christ. But obviously, it's been a hard end this season. Does that help you? Does that help you? Now when you watch Eric get beat, and you go into the gym and you think, right, I can get stuck into someone here. Give the blues something to smile about in it. No, but do you think you go into the gym? Just go on, right. Watch them at last night, and you'll be back to someone now. You've just got to forget about it, because basically most of the season you're at, they'll just be back to the table training. But hopefully, that game on the weekend might have helped to swing things around, but we'll see. Yeah, it has been, it's just been an absolutely horrible season, and just... Did you just go to the United Game? Yeah, we were there. I think you all come and got some tickers off us. Andy Gordon. Andy Gordon. Oh, brilliant. He was saying to him, keep us up lad. And he said I will do, so he was laughing obviously when he spoke. Have you had any plays come to you yet, saying you want tickers for your fights? Just Gordon. He said good luck on that. Obviously he's a young scouser, and he's doing a bit in the premsaw. He's obviously not the same as us, because we're on different paths where boxing and things go, and we're both trying to smash it in our own things. He's obviously always wished me luck whenever he's had a good game, which is most games, he's always been the most positive thing out of the season, and he's the only one at the moment. There's not that many unfortunately, there's not that many young scousers in the Everton squad though.  It doesn't help that you're on the waiting list. I can't believe you're on the waiting list. I've just been away most of it for a long time. As you said, we just end up waiting tickers, don't mean going, but to produce these sometimes. On the old stuff, it's just been horrible season, but I suppose having those players, if you have got players giving you a little bit of wishing you well and stuff. That's the thing you do see. Tony Bell, obviously you used to go to Finch Farm, and when you watched him fight, it was because of the way he got himself too, obviously, you'd see still Van Distan, Leon Osmond, even David Moises, that's the kind of fight. Obviously he got to the peak, he got to the pinnacle, he got to fight at Godderson Park because you'd ever see yourselves fighting at Godderson one day. Probably hopefully be the new ground. Be the new ground, yeah, by the time? By the time, yeah, it's going to be, I don't even know, about two or three years from now, it's going to get to the world title. Showing me that, yeah. And then it'll maybe be the new ground, yeah. If it all might have both of you on the same bill, is that the ultimate goal? Is that, how's that like, waiting, because obviously you're 25, not nearly 26, and you're like 19, so is it the same path or because you've had all that amateur experience but it's just the same path, or will you be pushed more and more because you've had all that experience? No, probably he's got the experience in amateur, so he can be like pushed quicker and sort of fast-tracked, I'm only 19, so I can sort of just take me time and go about it in a, I don't know, try quiet away. Was it following him that got you into it or did you always have that? No, no, I've been boxing since I was 7, I've been around it since I can remember it cos obviously watching him in the amateurs, winning national titles and stuff like that, so I'm just sure to go through him, really. And what will be after this fight, how soon after this fight, do you think you'll be fine? I've got nothing planned at the minute, but just ace it really. Obviously it depends how the fight goes, obviously such would come out no injuries in that, just as soon as possible, really. As I said at this stage of the career, just about building up the rounds, getting used to obviously boxing at the longer rounds, this fight tonight and then maybe do one or two more of them, and then push on to tens and then once you're in the 10 rounds then you can start boxing for like international titles and that and then obviously push on from there, but what I was thinking about at the moment is this fight, but as soon as I've obviously got the win, I'll be speaking to my team straight away, probably on the night if not, go for a little sit down day after and speak about what's happening. Get out as soon as for both of us. Who else is anyone else on the build that people will be looking to and thinking, go on and watch them fight? Yeah, just loads of scouts really, you've got poor butlers, the main event is from Elzmureport then you've got Sam Maxwell quite a well known fight from the pill, Rocky Fielding, Jazzy, another blue, Jazzy's on it, Blaine Island's on it, E-Boxed, I've boxed for a few years in Sheffield where I'm from GB I think there's an Irish kid, Stephen Kent and then two lads making a debut Frankie Stinger in Arri-Kinney so I think that's not a bad everyone, it's all going to be a good night So that's next Friday on 22nd, full of scouts it's always mad down there when the boxing's on whichever level, it's always amazing so if you want to go and watch the lads fight next week, it should be a good night ahead of the Magistar Dabi weekend I just don't even want to think about but it's a brilliant start to that weekend so you can go and check out the lads fighting there as well, have loads of scouts on a brilliant card at the M&S arena stop scene echo arena and all we can hope for now is a couple of wins and then on the pitch and in the ring as well so hopefully everything should be alright that's the one I know hopefully, are you confident? not on the fight but on Evan about what Steve? I'm confident I think it's all on the on games but I think we're confident that's it good stuff, so if you want to check the lads out make sure you go and get yourself some tickets get down there and go and watch them fight it should be a start of a brilliant weekend he says I'm confident in you I'm just not confident in Evan we did it there you go, make sure you check them out as well both on Twitter? follow yours on Twitter no I'm not on Twitter are you keeping it lowkey? on Instagram mate I understand why you're on Instagram there you go, thanks for watching I'll see yous later


A report of possible explosives in Park Rapids forced the closure of some parts of that city today. It was later learned the items were not explosives, but road flares. Hady Clotter has more from Park Rapids. What started off as just a regular shift for Alicia Atkins at the West 40 restaurant in Park Rapids changed quickly today when police arrived. Highway was shut down right in front of us and there were cops everywhere and they were redirecting traffic and then like right after that Justin Freddy walked in one of the officers and he said that we needed to make sure everybody got evacuated because they had found dynamite in the area.  Linda Anderson of Linda Recycle Good says she was out of town and a friend was watching the shop when she found what she thought was explosives. Officials wouldn't speak on camera, but Park Rapids Century School and Park Rapids High School were placed on lockdown. Highway 34 and nearby roads within the perimeter were also closed. We needed to direct them towards to go west and make sure people were like a mile or tell them to go like a mile, half a mile away. Atkins says there were about 40 customers inside the restaurant when everyone had to leave. Everybody even needed to go between me and one of my other waitresses. We were just, I don't know, my boyfriend said I was like yelling kind of because I had to run in the bathroom to make sure nobody was in there. It was kind of panic. Corwin County Bomb Squad arrived on the scene to inspect the suspicious item which turned out to be road flares that resemble dynamite. In Park Rapids, Hady Clotter, Lakeland News. Students at Park Rapids Century School and Park Rapids High School were released at their regular time, but were routed away from the secured perimeter. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.