My name is Harold LaValley. I'm from Pipox First Nation, 3D4 area. I am First Nation Cree person from Pipox. I studied with the elders for many, many years. I, my area of expertise is traditional medicine, traditional gathering, traditional healing. I guess environmentalist is the word. I'm also a knowledge keeper. I'm a ceremonial person. I do ceremonies here in Pipox, here in Regina, and I share the knowledge that elders have passed on to me with the youth, the other people in general, and youth, and children. I go to schools, I go to university, I go to different conferences that invite me to share, and that is my purpose, I guess. Also in the summertime I do gather. I travel in to BC, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, North Dakota, Montana, and Idaho for gathering. I start out in June, I finish in October. That the people start looking at our own culture and that it is validated, it's valid. It's not something Hocus Pocus anymore. The way it was tooled to us, at one time we had no culture because it was erased, wiped out. It wasn't valuable at one time to our people, even other people. So the government got what they wanted, but along the way I was in residential school and I went five years. During those five years I was invalidated.   I lived my life until I was 24 in a very careless way. It didn't matter if I was going to live or die. So that's the way I lived until when I got to 24 I went to my grandmother and I asked her, what's an Indian? So she told me, you will help your grandfather. So I started working with my grandfather for the next 20 years in Sundance Lodges and there I got to understand who I was and what I am. And I started hanging out with all the elders in PIPOC as well as other people to learn as much as I can, to validate what I was when I was a young boy from about maybe, I don't know, from being old enough to stay with my grandmother till I was about maybe 11, 10, 11 years old. I lived the culture. My great grandmother was born in 1885. She spoke no English, very little, and she was my first teacher. She passed away in 1979 and that's when I changed my life around. So I started wanting to know whether I was who I was. Yeah, for me it was a healing journey because I had to unerase the teachings that the church had given me, the values they had taught me. I had to undo that. I had to take that away. I was filled with so much fear because this Christian religion is a fear-based model and it never worked for me because growing up I felt so pure, so clean and so unafraid and then when I went after I left there I was so afraid of everything, you name it, alcohol and drugs were the answer. They took that fear away. Yes, it's very easy for me to help them because I went through it and I took them and explained that, these fears, where they came from, why they have them, or how to undo that. So I worked many into the drills to turn their life around, to help people to understand who we are as First Nations, to help the people to understand our spirituality, what we're made of, how we're connected to Mother Earth. I take medicines out, I show them, talk to them, explain to them, give them a taste, smell, if you want to smell it, and help them to understand what, I guess, you go to a pharmacist today, pharmacy. Well, the majority of those medicines belong to us with it. And all they were was synthesized chemicals, you know, to copy ours. That's what they have now, but the majority of those were ours, one thing. By the people coming back and the people coming forward, by the people that are coming here for help and medicine and traditional healing, by the hospitals that are calling, giving me to go there and work. Yes, today we have a place in the hospital where we can go work, where we can do large ceremonies. We are now being accepted that way. There's many, many people who are still suffering yet in addictions. A lot of that addiction is because of the fears and the fear of these religions and spirituality. I had to overcome my own fears. I had to face those fears that I had and go through the doorways of each fear. And as I look back, I saw that there was not a necessary fear. It wasn't something necessary. So I had to do my own growth and my own digging, my own walking through the doorways where there was a huge amount of fears that were put into brainwashing. Our own First Nation models, based on our spirituality, based on the knowledge that was passed on from generation to generation, that an understanding of Mother Earth, what Mother Earth is, how we relate to Mother Earth, and how we should continue to validate these important teachings that we don't destroy Mother Earth in order to have warmth today. There are many ways of having heat besides destroying Mother Earth. So that's continuing that destruction of waters, forests. You name it, it's being destroyed right now because of the almighty dollar. The traditional medicines that I have today and I carry were one time our food, our spices for our food. So all these healthy plants and medicines that we use, the roots, the leaves, the bark, the trees, the plants we use. At one time we were used and today we have to learn to reuse them again, relearn to use them again because they were healthy. Our people were healthy when that. We didn't have diabetes, we didn't have heart disease, we didn't have stomach problems because of these medicines. And these, what we call medicines were our food staple. A lot of them are food, but we use them for tea, for soups, for food sources. Modern medicine has its place, yes, because of the modern sicknesses that we are creating. But the traditional medicines are where it's at because of our connection with Mother Earth, the spirituality of it. When we gather our medicines, we gather with that medicine knowing that medicine has a spirit like us, the rock has a spirit like us, that we are all related under the creator. Mother Earth, that was our food source, our staple. But now a lot of it is gone. There's no prairie, very little prairie natural where the medicines are. There's very little left because of the farming and the poisoning of the land. The very most important one is how is our land acquired? We should be the richest people in North America, but we are the poorest people, we have nothing. The government won't allow us to have anything. This was all our land one time. It was given to all the immigrants that came. And now all we have is a little piece of land open reserve, which we cannot make a living out of. Our own people teaching our own culture, traditions, values, spirituality. Our own people having our own businesses, having our own businesses, having our own doctors, having our own pharmacies. Our own people having our own car lots. You name it, our people doing it. Them going and get the education. Everyone in the building the education that they need, as well as ours too. First Nations.


So I just spent the last couple of hours cleaning everything vacuuming showering taking the recycling out putting the garbage away and it just feels so good to be clean it's the best feeling in the world because these past few days I've just been pretty much doing nothing because I got my period and I was just really shitty I basically just got sick like I count this is getting sick every single month because it's basically what happens but it's just not contagious anyway so today I'm taking it as my kind of reset day and getting my life back together from what just happened because it's a traumatic experience every month it really is but now I'm just trying to reset and get myself back to normal and I just have still low energy but I'm feeling so much better tonight is or today is my friend Lexi's birthday and she's actually the one who moved into this building with my sister I'm so excited that they're gonna be pretty much my neighbors so that's gonna be fun and it's her birthday today so we're gonna do something tonight we're just probably gonna chill at her place and have some drinks yeah I also found a bed for your mom Facebook Marketplace again oh my god I don't know why I'm still even trying but I really hope that this one actually goes through because it seems promising fingers crossed I'm going to hopefully pick it up tonight so hopefully that actually happens and I'll update you guys on that because you guys know my past experiences this week with Facebook Marketplace but yeah so I'm just editing chilling right now until my sister comes because she's gonna come see the bed frame with me just because Joel is out working all day today and through the weekend so I'm not like I don't really want to go alone because that's kind of sketchy and Joel didn't want me to go alone either so my sister's gonna come with me which is good yeah I'll update you guys hopefully I get it but anyways it's already 3 15 I'm getting the bed frame at hopefully around 6 30 so you guys I'm just testing out the settings on my camera and I'm walking towards my oven and I see that the time is 4 4 4 so I just learned that mercury was in retrograde and that is probably why my last few days have been so off like all that shit that happened to me and apparently it's supposed to start coming up now so we're fine but like it kind of all makes sense now yeah anyways 4 4 4 just thought I'd come on here pop in and say that I'm so excited about this new camera though like I just can't stop using it you know I'm so exciting this has been my favorite matcha it's magic matcha by oasis adaptogens and it's actually mixed with adaptogens in it which has so many freaking health benefits and the packaging is so aesthetic this isn't even sponsored but I genuinely love them so much and I do have a coupon code so I will link this down below for you guys but this matcha is the best thing I've ever had and I been on a matcha kick so I've been actually having this every single day for like a week now and I'm obsessed so Brittany my older sister is moving into the building as we speak her movers are here so I'm gonna go downstairs and just to see if she needs any help because I think I yeah I told you guys already in my last one my last vlogs that my older sister is moving into this building with one of our friends and I'm so excited so I'm gonna go help her such a sunny day but I don't even know how warm it is so I've literally changed my outfit like five times cuz I'm like what do I wear cuz we're planning on going on a walk too just to clear her head because she's going through a lot right now and it's like very emotional for her cuz like the breakup with her boyfriends and then now she's like starting a new chapter and so yeah but anyways she's really excited to move in and I'm so excited to have her as my neighbor and yeah this is kind of like the start to something new today not my new chapter but her new chapter but I'm also involved in her new chapter which is really cool and I'm just so excited life is so crazy you guys I'm gonna sit down and like share my thoughts with you later because I was thinking last night and I was literally on the verge of tears I gotta go down to help her but anyway this is the fit really awkward weather today so not sure if we're keeping this but yeah okay so I just wanted to document this moment because this is a very pivotal moment for Brittany and imagine looking back on this clip in like five years that's actually there are 10 years 30 years and we have kids imagine watching this like our kids watching this very pivotal new chapter for life that is starting today how do you feel I feel a mix of emotions I'm a part of me is like really excited like I'm really I'm obviously really excited to be in the same building as my sister and all that and I'm excited for like the new beginning but I'm like sad at the same time obviously like it's just like it's weird it's like split emotions and I feel them both new and better things from here exactly and the universe always works mm-hmm in your favor and like even though you may think like oh my god this is the worst thing happening to me right now in like a few months or maybe a year you're gonna look back and be like well that's the best thing that ever happened to me like I genuinely don't feel like this is the worst thing that's good I even though I'm really like part of me is really sad I know that it's for the best so like I don't have I yeah like I know that like I think yeah I do think this is a good thing in it I do believe fully that it's for the better but like it still doesn't make it any easier you know welcome to the new chapter yeah bring us like we'll introduce you guys first cuz they well no you haven't been in my vlog in my new to your roommate would have known me though because I'm a brand new bit yesterday no nice really like two days ago you want to explain what you said a little bit of a moment I decided to turn and bleach my hair in one night yeah it wasn't wasn't the most smartest decision but it all worked out she got her hair fixed today so it's fine but this is Lexi who's moving in or moved in with Britney my new roommate and I'm in Christmas pajamas cuz I'm going through my clothes right now so don't judge I'm basically a bento yeah they suited she knows our whole family okay guys I'm just popping on here because I would love to give a big thank you to buy optimizers for sponsoring this video they sponsored one of my last videos you guys might already know who they are so they just released their brand new magnesium breakthrough new formulated magnesium product which is the most powerful and effective magnesium supplement on the market today so this is our fourth generation magnesium breakthrough which means that it is even more effective at reducing stress improving sleep and boosting your energy levels I'm no doctor but if you guys have like a reoccurring health problem that you can't find a solution to I would honestly try magnesium and the reason for this is because it can be the solution to your deepest health problems because magnesium takes part in 80% of the body is in metabolic reactions and with that being said 75% of people don't get enough magnesium every day which is crazy and it's like you may think okay I'm not gonna get a magnesium but so what well it can actually affect it can like give you poor sleep low energy levels and it can increase your stress it's so easy to take all you have to do is take two capsules before you go to sleep and then you should wake up feeling way more rested and way more energized which I think everybody needs so by optimizers is the most famous for their magnesium breakthrough but they sell a whole bunch of other amazing products that they sent me and I've been seeing amazing benefits so we're just gonna let you know about what a couple of these do so another one of their products is mass signs so mass signs is actually the world's strongest protein digesting enzyme for accelerated muscle building so how this works is it helps you protein faster and more efficiently so that you can see more muscle gain and then another one of their products is p3o m so p3o m is full of probiotics that doubles every 20 minutes so it supports your immune system your digestion and most importantly your gut health and everything stems from your freaking diet you guys so if you guys want to shop any of these products or just go on by optimizers website and save some money you guys can use my code mcayla 10 and that'll give you 10% off but yeah I actually personally really do recommend these supplements because I just feel like sometimes we don't get enough nutrients and what our body needs just through eating the food that we do so they also have a one-year money back guaranteed and so yeah my link will be down below to go check them out and again my coupon code is mcayla 10 for 10% off yeah thank you so much to by optimizers for sponsoring hello you guys so I'm currently in Lexi's car she's running from the rain it is a monsoon right now and it is June this is what I'm talking about how the weather here actually sucks ass because it's it's we just walked like two meters and we got slick my jacket got soaked it's like warm but the rain is like coming down my little cute piece of I made sure to like wear a hood cuz I was like what the heck is this weather it is June it feels like November it's like it's not freezing it's not cold it's just like the rain is just non-stop and apparently it's not supposed to stop for the rest of the week we're having downtown right now Lexi's just like kind of in the process of still moving into like we just have to stop by her old place and like move some stuff because people are buying from people from marketplace like her old stuff so we just had to put a couple things out and now we're headed downtown because the company that Joel works for is doing this like vegan they're in this like vegan expo this really in the real in like a really big convention in downtown so we're going to go support and just kind of visit and there's also like a lot of more brands there that's gonna be like fun to walk around and check out so yeah that's a plan for today I put my hair in this little new like little bubble braid situation because it was really greasy and like I was like what do I do with it like I don't really feel like keeping it down but I was like what's a cute hairstyle then I remembered like I saw the sun can drift really like it it's like something fun and different but yeah it feels weird the way I'm dressed I'm literally in a two-top and it's pouring right but it's warm so it's fine I'm like hot now yeah it's like hop it like soaking it's like weird like wet and like yeah what's that word when you're like moist and I was thinking like you like you feel yes yes you're wet and warm wet and warm it's a human weird humidity yeah anyway it's a plan hopefully it stops raining even though it's actually not supposed to but we'll see anyways so outfit of the day I got this sweater on from princess Pauly and then this two-top is from garage and then these pants are from princess Pauly and then I'm wearing them with my Nike's and yeah it was just really awkward weather to dress so this is what I came up with we're making do it's also so dry from being bleached look at it it just oh no it's like frizzy it looks frizzy and it's fine she's it looks good it looks so good we just finished at the expo now we're going home successful it was so we got a couple samples and stuff and yeah it was like a vegan plant-based I think I already explained this but it was like vegan stuff and convention yeah so we got a whole bunch of shit like samples and stuff we were gonna buy like what do we buy yes we did buy something we bought like these chocolates yeah they were so good they're like caramel on the inside they're so good and they're so healthy too so you don't have to feel like guilty after eating them but we're so excited but that was so fun I never do anything like this like it's just like so wholesome and fun I really like seeing hearing people's stories like why they started a business and I feel like our generation is getting not even our generation but just smaller businesses are doing way cooler stuff than the corporations like oh I'm sure think about where you're putting your money yeah okay so I just got back from the planted called the planted expo and they gave us a cute little tote bag which is so adorable and I'm gonna show you guys a little bit of a haul because I did get some samples and I thought that I really liked so I actually bought these drop naked like chocolate bites things they're made with like super good ingredients they either vegan gluten-free they're made with like organic dates organic dark chocolate and they have like very few ingredients they're so good and I'm just know that I'm gonna be snacking I'm always craving something chocolatey like this and only $10 for the bag but they're really healthy and they're so good I used to make like chocolate peanut butter cup covered dates they kind of remind me of them but even better so so excited about these and then I got these little samples of like kind of something similar to like smart sweets worth like really low sugar candy so I got a couple samples of these actually haven't tried them yet so let's try them together and each like little flavor has like benefits so this one is like collagen this one is like electrolytes and yeah they're from the brand called Herba land just so let's try them I'm gonna try these ones actually let's do the electrolytes you know they like little gummies no that's really good and everything is like organic and then from then this company gave me a tote bag which is so cute perfectly and perfect it's this produce company called pico and what they do is they take produce that's about to be thrown out because it's like not gonna last much longer and they deliver it to you I'm pretty sure and it's like at a discounted price so they're saving like a lot of produce and everything from getting wasted and yeah their company was so cute again it's called pico if you guys want to check them out but so excited about that and I got this white vegan chocolate I've been trying it but looks really good and then this wise iced tea that has like really limited sugar oh it's mango flavor too yeah anyways yeah we got a lot of cute stuff and of course Joel was in the expo these are the products that wasted adaption cells magic matcha not coffee guys see me use these all the time because I'm genuinely in love with their products they have adaptions in them which is really beneficial for your health I've a coupon code I'll link it down below for you guys but favorite drinks ever like this is just my comfort drink and this is my favorite thing ever I think I showed it in this video actually love it so much but yeah I'm gonna build my bed frame right now because I got a bed frame but it's not I'm not gonna put in this box it's gonna go in the room transformation blocks so sorry about that I know it's a bit annoying but that video will be coming out like probably when the next at least like a couple of weeks hopefully we'll see I mean I'm hoping it does come out sooner than later but you guys will see it then I am so tired though like that expo did drain my energy because there's just so many people it was so fun though


Thanks for checking out this episode of brutal battle beer break Today, I'm doing a beer that I don't think I've done at all for the brutal battle beer breaks any I mean any beer from this brewery I know we've had it on the regular show a few times, but The victory brewing out of Downingtown, Pennsylvania now I had not seen any Barrel-aged stuff from victory and tell this beer that I saw on the shelf picked it up for Rebecca just to you know find a way to get around my limitation on buying beers and It is actually something she should like but in any any rate it is the Java cask It's a bourbon barrel-aged coffee stout and it is 14.3 percent alcohol by volume High so I'm anticipating that I'll be able to perceive a lot of that So let's see how long it takes me to get the cork and cage off because sometimes That takes forever Hopefully this one cooperates Nope Such a pain in the ass these things. I usually do find that the grasping upside-down method and then twisting works pretty well in this case This cork is just like it's in there, so That's not even helping I'm gonna get it though It's coming Now this Basses I want it to Is it fun just watching me struggle with this? Because it's not fun to struggle Jesus Christ victory Can you just That's the whole video. I'm just gonna struggle with this. I won't even try the beer. Jesus Christ something I don't know what some people call this thing, but I Call it and have called it for a long time a snafler and my family Rebecca contends that that's not actually a word Well, not even the snafler helps. I cannot Life of me. Oh wait. Here we go. Now.  So All right It's off. I feel like I'm probably sweating at this point Part of the label is coming off now So, all right, let's pour this thing that was a lot of work So I hope this is really good because god damn those a lot of work All right Whoo, as you can imagine it looks like a stout It's got a nice like tan head to it very present with the way that I poured it Looks like it's gots coming down slowly on the it on the edges So as people say it has legs as soon as I pop that cork out Get a lot a lot a lot of alcohol going into my nose and some sweet Notes like that bourbon like the sweet bourbon aspect and some vanilla caramel stuff like that Oh a lot of coffee actually a lot more coffee than I was expecting to get out of this because I felt like With the amount of bourbon that was just coming right out of the out of the bottle and that ABV that's extremely perceptible that that would kind of tamp down the coffee quite a bit, but There's a very decent coffee on there Very roasty smelling coffee With some chocolate right under it like a nice kind of milk chocolate and Obviously the the bourbon is on there. It's a woody character from the bourbon barrel Low caramel Love vanilla Smells really good. It smells really really really good And as I kept sniffing my nose is getting more used to that the higher ABV smell And it's not wasn't stinging my nostrils as much as it initially was So it smells start smelling even more harmonious as you keep sniffing nice body so my initial taste Okay, so now that I'm letting it sit. I'm really feeling the burn of that 14.3% in the back of my throat And the back of my mouth as well And it's actually starting to just like work its way down like the warm stinging is just working its way down But my first initial sip I wasn't perceiving any of the ABV. It was very smooth And just like low on the ABV a lot of coffee a lot of chocolate to it The bourbon is not as present as I thought I mean it's present It's definitely present But with how high the ABV as I was expecting that the bourbon would be really overpowering I think the coffee the level of coffee they have in this helps to bring that bourbon down to a nice level It's kind of like the coffee and then there's the chocolate and bourbon Right under it on the same level and then you can get that like oaky character under there with some caramel and some vanilla Nice beer really well put together. Like I said, it's got a decent body to it Yeah, and the thing is as I keep sipping it. I'm not I don't Because it's after the initial, you know taste. I'm not feeling the burn as much of the high ABV So I could see this being kind of a dangerous beer because as you keep sipping on it It you're perceiving the ABV less and less So you could just go faster and faster because it tastes just like a really nice like bourbon barrel-aged coffee stout dessert type of beer and that's how I like to have beers like this so Very nice victory for the very first barrel-aged offering that I've had from you Awesome excellent keep up with this kind of stuff. So Java cask people if you can still find it on shelves go do that If you're any beers by the way that you want to see me do on this or on the regular podcast Yes, we do a regular podcast podcast is brutal battle and you just find it on iTunes stitcher and Google play just search that and Website brutal battle calm, but if there are any particular beers You want us to cover either on this or on the podcast just send an email to brutal battle podcast at gmail.com But until next time thank you everyone for checking this out and go have yourself an awesome beer


The next lecture is on the soil water assessment tool. We have been seeing there are different models which are being used for the water resources assessment people and that is, many of them are developed for in keeping the reservoirs, construction of a reservoir and how much storage facility to be given and of that kind of category. But there the problem is about the parameters which are being monitored of a particular region. Whereas, when it comes down to the agriculture activities and agriculture or any other land based activities, we do not have enough monitoring stations or input parameters are not available uniformly everywhere. So, for this purpose and as well as the terrain and the land cover classes are not considered. So, one of the tools is about the soil water assessment tool which is which has been developed by the USDA sometime back that incorporates meteorological parameters, terrain parameters and based on that they have started cultivating. But how they have calculated is it is they are all they it is calculated based on the hydrological response unit. They are the response units includes the meteorological condition that is a rainfall temperature and other activities as one over for a grid as well as terrain parameters that is about hydrology, soil parameters and plant growth and land management is also included in that. That means what the individual hydrological response unit does it if there is going to be a 1 millimeter of rainfall then over a particular uniform area of the grid. So, how much will infiltrate how much will be used by the plants how much will be because of the temperature and humidity conditions how much will be lost in the transfer position all those things are calculated before it says that this much is the runoff which we can expect from this particular unit or the hydrological units. And what it does it is a spatio-temporal model. So, where it you could use arc GIS generated as well as it does generated the generators geospatial information can be brought into the arc SWAT and it can be assessed for the water availability. Now what you see here is the river basins normally river basins what we try to do is we try to further sub divide this the major river basins into sub basins and here this is sub basins are equivalent to the it is a poor point sub basins like this and you have the river flow over here.  So, now this type of sub basins are created or demarcated by the system based on this terrain parameters like what we do it when you are doing it on a personal basis. Now what we have got in the advantage of this particular software for water availability or purposes is there are multiple poor multiple sub basins all these sub basins are added and you have a water availability poor point at this area you have a poor point at this area then the individual sub basin water availability or surface run off from the individual areas are calculated before it comes down to the outlet which moves off the area. So, this can be this particular estimated values can be verified by selective or wherever this with the existing river gauges and so that the validation is possible and with reference to the actual measurements as well as the estimated measurements. So, this has got some advantages when compared to rest of the models which people are using it out. So, now this particular basin has got the 58 sub basins and it is they have got 1,915 HRU units these HRU units are nothing but as I said this is how the surface run off is calculated in this model. Now that is what the model is I just to have a few glimpses of the answers which we got for this particular purposes one is the this is the predicted one this is the estimated one this is the actual ones. So, this is the observed one this is the estimated one. So, when you see that they are somewhere closer to each other and so that the validation is nearly it is acceptable when compared to the considering the variations in rainfall across the area as well as the variation within a particular lands use class areas or as well as land cover use areas. So, this is more acceptable that is what is given here in this type of r factor as well as the other statistical validation materials. Now, this again this can be compared with the individual activity this is the poor point which is there around 50 is the poor point which what we are seeing it here 50 in the at this poor point what was the thing why we have chosen to show it to you is. So, this is the estimated ones from this SWAT model and this is the measurement facilities also available. So, that it can be compared. So, now it overall this estimated value from this model is acceptable which can be if it is acceptable then we can take it for any other planning purposes in giving more water to or adding more land areas which will be used in this area. Now, what we have seen in this particular lecture is SWAT model soil water tool this is the geospatial tool and it does it takes the geospatial information from through ARC GAS and other GAS softwares and it combines with the measurements of the atmosphere in the meteorological measurements such as rainfall temperature and other activities and combines with the land cover features and it creates its own sub basins based on the hydrological response unit. The hydrological response unit represent the unit area of the air and which will be very unique in its nature. Thank you.


Good afternoon, everyone. My name is Wanda Malota, Assistant Professor of Psychology here at Exo College. I will be your chairperson for today. So the Department of Psychology welcomes each and every one of you here. We are so thankful to have you all with us to observe World Alzheimer's Day together. We are especially thankful to our resource person, Dr. Ashima Haobijan for so gracefully accepting our invite. So the team for this year's World Alzheimer's Day is no dementia, no Alzheimer's. And so we are also excited to hear and know more about this disease from an expert. So I would also like to thank all our students and our staff who are present here today. I welcome everyone. So I will read out to these program proceedings. Welcome address will be given by G Melody Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology. And then we will have guest speaker note, Dr. Ashima Haobijan, MBDS, MD Psychiatry, Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, RIMS, Infile Management. Then we will have our guest speaker note. And then we will have board of thanks for the opportunity to be here, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology. Now I give the time to Melody Sharma. Very good afternoon everyone. I'm Melody Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology. And on behalf of our Department of Psychology at So College, I would like to welcome everyone present here for the session on World Alzheimer's Day. On the team, no dementia, no Alzheimer's. The knowledge about Alzheimer's can provide us the confidence. Sir, we have a headphone number. The competition is about how to live and plan. We have a headphone number. On this occasion of World Alzheimer's Day, we have a headphone number. We have here with us our guest speaker, Dr. Ashima Haobijan. And she is presently a Senior Resident at RIMS, Infile Management. And she has completed her MD from Institute of Human Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Delhi. And her MBDS from Lady Harding's College, Delhi. On this auspicious occasion, I want ma'am to show light on us on this particular disorder. And I would like to hand over the session to ma'am now. Thank you ma'am. Hi everyone. Can you hear me? Yes ma'am, your order is on. Okay. But that's on everyone. It's a great pleasure and an opportunity for me to be presenting you in the studio with me. Yes ma'am. Hi doctor. Actually, your voice is, we cannot hear your voice. Can you hear me now? Okay. So, I was saying that it's a great opportunity for me here presenting to you about this important topic of Alzheimer's and dementia. And medicine slides, but since I'm not able to load it for some reason, I'll just present like this. I hope everyone is okay with that. Yes ma'am. We are. Okay, can I start? Yes ma'am. Yes ma'am. I'll just make a brief presentation and all of you can ask me anything that you have questions about. So, starting with, before talking, before going to talk about Alzheimer's, we have to talk about dementia first. Because Alzheimer's fall into the big spectrum that dementia is. So, how do we define dementia? Dementia is basically losing your cognitive abilities or there is a decline in your previously attained cognitive function in a clear consciousness. So, for example, why do these two words basically, the cognitive decline and clear consciousness? Why these two are important? Firstly, you know, cognitive decline is there many, many things. Like for example, in IDD, it's their intellectual disability. So, how is it different from dementia? Is it, it is different in a way that in case of patients who had IDD, they have not really attained a functional state of, you know, cognitive, optimal cognitive functioning as per their age. But in case of patients with dementia, they have already attained that function, but they have declined due to the illness. Now a clear consciousness is important. In spite of the memory loss, in spite of the cognitive decline and sometimes the disorientation that the patients of dementia go through, consciousness is never lost. Consciousness is the basically how we react to the external stimuli. So, even if they seem like cognitively they are declining and they are not functioning to the optimum level, they will still have the response to the external environment until the last stage. So, dementia is defined like that. So, there are different kind of dementias. So, broadly we can first classify dementia into two classes. First is the reversible dementia. When we talk of dementia, I don't mean many of us know dementia can be reversed also. And there are the classes that most of us know about, which is the irreversible dementia. And what is reversible dementia? Basically, this here is the course which is called dementia. Now, in case of reversible dementia, usually the causes are like infection in the brain. Like you might have heard of meningitis, you might have heard of encephalitis. Now, meningitis and encephalitis, they can be due to bacterial infection, they can be due to viral infection. HIV also needs this condition. So, if you correct these conditions, then dementia can be reversed. Reversible dementia is also found in nutritional deficiencies, especially of B-drug deficiency and folic acid deficiency. Also in hyper and hypothyroid board. And in case of tumors, in case of brain injuries, and in case of metabolic abnormalities. Now, what is metabolic abnormalities? It is like, for example, diabetes, hypertension. In those cases, the dementia might be reversed if we collect the cause. Now, what are irreversible ones? Your Alzheimer's is an irreversible dementia. You can actually cure it. You might control it, but you are not able to cure it. So, when we are dealing with a case of memory loss, first, it's very important to find out what might be the cause behind the dementia. So, we have to... Firstly, there is a thing called major cognitive decline. I don't know if any of you know about it. In case of major cognitive decline, decline is such that it doesn't affect the functionality of the person. So, when you get a patient of forgetfulness, you should not first jump to dementia or Alzheimer's. You have to first see if it is major cognitive decline or it is dementia. And if you are sure that it's dementia, you have to first rule out if it is irreversible or it is an irreversible one. How to rule out? There will be an array of investigation. Firstly, of course, a very detailed history. What is the onset? Usually the irreversible ones will have an onset after infection or after you have had a chronic illness like diabetes or hypertension or if you had a brain injury. So, you have to take a very detailed elaborate history for this. After that, you have to take the laboratory examination. You have to get the LFTs and KFTs and all those brain-invading done. And we are sure that this is dementia and which is irreversible. Then we have to come to the classification of which type of irreversible dementia it is. Now, since we are talking about Alzheimer's today, so how do we reach the diagnosis of Alzheimer's? Now, if we talk about a definitive diagnosis, a definitive diagnosis can be only done after brain violence, which is obviously not possible when the person is leaving. We have to do a diagnosis based on ruling out other diagnosis. If you have a case of dementia which is falling into a category which is of progressive decline, irreversibility, the age of onset is usually more than 65, and then all the other causes of dementia are ruled out, then you can vary with moderate confidence, you can say it is the case of Alzheimer's. As many of us know, Alzheimer's was coined by the scientist. Allo is Alzheimer's. Now, how is Alzheimer's different from other dementia? Firstly, the onset, we have two types of Alzheimer's. One is early onset Alzheimer's and second is late onset Alzheimer's. Early onset ones are in the age category which is less than 65. It can start from the 40s, very rarely from earlier than that, and the late onset ones are in people who are more than 65. So, this is early in the late onset Alzheimer's. Now, what are the science and symptoms of Alzheimer's? So, basically, before the science and symptoms, we can talk about the prevalence of Alzheimer's. In all the dementia's that we have, Alzheimer's has around 60 to 70% prevalence. So, majority of the dementia cases, it is of Alzheimer's. As we all know, it is a progressive and deteriorating illness. The science and symptoms usually, the first thing we notice of course is the memory. Presenting symptoms usually how they present to the doctors to us is because of memory loss. Initially, the memory loss is of very recent memory. We will say complaints like the patient is misplacing things. They will say that he has forgotten that he has had a particular conversation before. He has forgotten to take food and he has forgotten certain conversations. He will keep repeating these statements. Eventually, this might deteriorate further into your long-term memory, even eventually leading to other peripheral memories. So, they will have in the later stages, you will have an inability to find words. They are not able to express thoughts. They are unable to take a deeper conversation. Later on, there might be a seizing of the speech. So, the first thing is the memory. Then, moving on to the memory, we have an effect on the thinking and reasoning also. So, things that were easier for us before or easier for them before, like simple things like paying bills, managing finances, dealing in numbers, and then difficulty in concentrating. So, daily tasks become a big thing for them. They are not able to do it. Then also, we have a decline in making judgment and decisions. So, normal things like what to wear, like what to wear appropriately for a social setting or for a weather. So, the person is not able to take these decisions, most of the decisions. So, there is also a major effect in the day to day living, like simple things like cooking, dressing, batting, you know, even brushing in the morning, those things are not able to do it. Then there are changes in personality and behavior also. Major changes that we can see is that kind of empathy that the person goes through. So, when a person was emotionally very expressive or who was very, you know, in tune with the family, you will start noticing that they are not very empathetic or sympathetic towards their family members. They are not taking part in the day to day conversation or the planning of family. So, they become kind of empathetic. Along with this, there is a case of irritability also. They might have sudden mood changes. They might become suddenly agitated for any particular reason. Aside from these small, these behavioral changes, there is around 20 to 30% of psychotic symptoms in these patients also. So, they might present a hallucination. They might present with visual, both visual and cognitive hallucinations. And there is also a very high prevalence of delusions in these patients, especially of the paranoid type. So, they become very suspicious towards their family members. They might not trust them in little things like taking food from them or taking advice from them. So, these are the behavioral changes. So, these changes won't come together at first. They won't be there in the first time when you diagnose the patient themselves. So, it is a case of depending on the severity. For example, in initial stage, there is mild severity. So, when I am telling you about the severity, I will tell you also about the course here. So, initially in the initial phase, the severity is mild. So, in the initial stage, the mild stage, there will be only loss in certain things like day-to-day tasks, like those things like forgetting things that we are misplacing these basically. And then it lasts usually a period of around 2 to 10 years. So, this gap is very much. Some people might have only 2 years in this stage. And some people in this stage may last even 10 years. In the second stage, which is the moderate stage, you may start losing certain other activities like day-to-day tasks, performance of day-to-day tasks. Like I said, taking bath, cooking, which are the usual things for them. So, again, this stage might last 2 to 3 years or it might last 10 years also. The last stage, which is the severe stage where a person starts losing most of all his cognitive abilities. They need assistance for almost everything in their life. So, many of them can become bad people and lose their motor abilities and lose their speech ability. So, this stage is particularly shorter compared to the other stages. So, it lasts maybe 3 to 4 years. So, this is where the end promises of Alzheimer's lies. Now, there are certain things in Alzheimer's which are preserved. You would think a person is losing motor abilities, he might lose speech. Certain preserved skills, very interestingly, some skills like singing, some skills like breathing, some skills like dancing, you know, arts and crafts, they are very much intact to a very later stage. So, these are called preserved skills. Then, there are certain phenomena which are associated with dementia. I don't know if you have heard about this, but there is one thing called very interesting thing or very sad thing also called the catastrophic reaction. So, in this case, a person, usually the patient with dementia, one very big difference between a patient with dementia and one other patient from say, depression or major cognitive decline is, patient with dementia or Alzheimer's, they never acknowledge that their cognitive function is declining. They will try to deny it, they will try to, you know, even distract when we are talking about these things. For example, this patient when they come to us, I will ask aunt Ki or aunt La, you having difficulty in memory, they will say, no, I don't have a problem, my family or my son has a problem, I don't think so. Okay, they will say like this. So, there is a thing of catastrophic reaction where suddenly one fine day or one fine moment, they suddenly realize that their cognitive abilities are declining, you know, they are not able to remember certain things, they are not able to do certain tasks, it was easy for them and they have this certain panic like reaction. It might present with simple panic attack, but it might be more, it may, they might have some agitation, they might become behaviorally very disruptive, they might, sudden people will start banging on the wall, you know, they will start shouting, because they don't know how to deal and, you know, they are not able to understand what's going on with them. So, this is called the catastrophic reaction. There's another thing called a Sundamus effect. This is very particularly mentioned by the family members. They will say that my father or my mom was okay in the morning, they were very fine, and suddenly the evening in the night, they are suddenly deteriorated. So, it is called the Sundamus effect. All the symptoms of dementia or Alzheimer's, they start deteriorating within the evening time. So, along with the deterioration, the cognitive effect, there is also a sudden deterioration in the behavioral aspect. So, why does it occur? Usually, during these late hours, there is a decline in the external stimulus that the person received. There is a decline in the light stimulus, there is decline in the auditory stimulus that the person received. And because of this deficiency, this is the belief that the Sundamus effect occurs. So, Sundamus effect is also more in case of patient who are taking sedatives or they are taking antipsychotic.  The third phenomena is, it's not actually a phenomena, but this is a behavior that we see very much in the patient of dementia. That is of denial. They will always deny. But anything wrong is going with them.  They will deny there is a decline, there is a problem, even for them, they will say things are completely fine. Which is kind of a differentiating feature from more memory decline in other cases. Like even in patients of let's say depression or psychosis, they will also say that they have a memory decline. But this problem will be acknowledged by them and will be very problematic to them. But in case of dementia patient, they don't acknowledge it and it is not actually a problem for them. So, this is the denial that we talk about. I'm sure many people want to know what are the risk factors of Alzheimer's. So, the first thing of course is age. But then as we all know, everyone of age has dementia Alzheimer's. So, first thing of course is age. Beyond the age of 65, there is a progressive increase in incidence of dementia. After age, there is a major genetic role here. So, around 30 to 40% of people who have Alzheimer's have family history of parents or family members who have had Alzheimer's or who have had dementia. The third thing is basically chronic illnesses. For example, people who have uncontrolled diabetes or who have uncontrolled hypertension, they have more chances of having dementia. Then there is another very interesting thing where females have more chances of Alzheimer's or dementia than males. Now, why is it so? It is not actually, let's say proof. One hypothesis is that females live longer than males. So, the incidence or prevalence is more than them. And second is the hormonal factors. After menopause, females have significant decline in hormonal levels. So, this is also one reason that has been hepatocytes. It's one of the reasons that females have more incidence of prevalence compared to males. Another thing is head trauma. So, people who have had a history of head trauma, who have had a history of strokes, who have had history of, you know, like I said, infections. I mean, anxieties and all, they have more chances of developing dementia. One other very significant thing is your lifestyle. So, in lifestyle, your lipid profile. If there is your cholesterol levels are very high, this is also very important in this sector. Your uncontrolled sugar levels, your hypertension, air pollution, then smoking. Apart from smoking in the substances, we have alcohol. So, people who have had taken chronic alcohol, then they also have the higher chances of Alzheimer's. Then we also hypothesize the lack of intellectual stimulation is also one respect of Alzheimer's. So, we can see it in lower or middle income people. The incidence of prevalence of Alzheimer's is more compared to the higher income group. So, these are the few risk factors that we know of in Alzheimer's. Also, the education levels. So, in people who have higher education levels, the chances are low compared to the people with lower education level, though it is not very significant as one would imagine. Now, coming to the treatment. So, in treatment, we have your pharmacological treatment and your non-pharmacological treatment. So, talking about pharmacological, we don't really aim for cure in dementia and it is just no cure as such. But all the drugs available are mostly to be given during the mild and the motor stage. At the severe stage, drugs actually do not have much of a role and it is not going to cause any improvement. Rather, it might deteriorate the case because it might lead to side effects instead of giving any useful effect. So, drugs that we have as some drugs called burnables, then there is one called mementoine. Basically, targets the cholinergic system of the brain. Apart from this, you have to symptomatically treat the patient. For example, if they have anxiety, if they have depression, if they have psychosis, you have to treat accordingly. If they have aggression, you have to treat accordingly. They might have insomnia also. They might have appetite problems. So, symptomatically treatment has to be done in this case. So, earlier you treat the case better is the prognosis, even though you might not cure the disease, but you might cause a decrease in the rate for how to process for some time. So, this is mainly the aim for the pharmacological treatment. The drugs that are given for dementia doesn't really have any significant or major side effect. But compared, like in some patients, they might complain of nausea, they might complain of some gastritis irritation. But it is not major, and most people get used to the side effects within one to two weeks. In the non-pharmacological, I'm sure you know more about this than me, but we have to divide this into two ways. The non-pharmacological method for the patients and non-pharmacological methods for the caregivers. Now, one important major factor here is psycho-educating the patient about illness. Obviously, when someone comes with severe dementia, we can't obviously psycho-educate them. They will not be in a state to understand what's going on with them. But people with mild to moderate, we can attempt to psycho-educate them, tell them honestly what's going on with them. So, be there when they're dealing with, they're accepting or dealing with the diagnosis. Another very important thing is to encourage the preserved skills. One might have problems in memory, one might have problems in cognitive, but as I mentioned before, there are certain things which are preserved. You have to enhance it. Let's say someone has a singing is intake, or the interest in music is intake, they still love to draw. Then we can encourage them. We can also encourage them to participate with the family members to induce activities. Then you have to schedule their activities of the day. So, they have a small structure in the day. You can schedule the activities along with the family members, along with the patient and try to adhere to it as far as possible. Then we can suggest some methods that you can preserve the memory, like taking notes, setting reminders, alarms. Aside from this, you have to treat the other mental health issues that might be present with them. And of course, there's the healthy lifestyle choices like you have to cut down in any substance use if it is there. Regular physical exercises, meditation, all this will help to a large extent. Coming to the non-pharmacological method or the counseling of the care givers. Now, care givers, many times, this is a very practical thing that we have seen. So, many times, they suffer from guilt. Obviously, when you are dealing with a case of Alzheimer's, people get very irritated. They get very helpless, like, what to do? You can't do this, no cure. There's nothing there they can do. The severe seizures, the person is completely dependent on you. So, in these cases, many times they are doing the all they can do, but still so many things are left, they are not able to do it. So, they suffer from guilt, which might lead also to mental head deterioration in these people. So, you have to take precaution or you have to take extra care that they are not suffering from these things. So, in order to allow for the psychoeducation to the patient himself, you have to psychoeducate the family members. Also, be very honest and be very honest as well as empathetic about taking about this case, about this diagnosis to them. You don't have to say that you have this diagnosis, there is no cure or it is hopeless. You have to tell them about the plan, what is the illness, what all can be done and what is the stage. So, this is one thing you have to deal with them and basically tell them what to expect as you go on. So, they can prepare and plan what all they can do eventually. So, this is the pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods which we can somehow improve the life of a patient with Alzheimer's. Now, how to prevent Alzheimer's? Now, this is the thing that has been many times asked to us in the techniques like how to prevent Alzheimer's. There is no sure shot way of preventing Alzheimer's actually, it's all random. So, if in case let's say you have a family history then obviously you can somehow think maybe your risk is higher. So, in this case you have to meet a very disciplined life style. So, all those risk factors I mentioned like taking substances, uncontrolled diabetes, having more lifestyle choices like not so nutritious things, keeping yourself mentally stimulated and then taking care of your mental health obviously, taking care of your early signs of any decline like forgetfulness, all those things you have to keep that in mind. Apart from the general things like having a good support system, regular exercises, these are the things which might help in preventing Alzheimer's but then there is no sure shot way unfortunately where we can say if you do this you won't get Alzheimer's. So, this is how prevention work here. I think I have covered most of it. So, yeah, I think we can ask these things that I can clear your doubts about I think. Okay Doctor, thank you so much for running us through the disease in so much detail. I think the anecdotes that you shared and also the very practical tips on how to increase our protective factors have been very insightful for me and I think we have all come out more and more knowledgeable after your talk. So, now we will take questions from the audience. So, if anybody has any questions, please feel free to unmute yourself and ask your questions or you can also type down your questions so that I can read it out for you. Okay, there is a question for you Doctor, is Alzheimer's genetic? Yeah, like I already mentioned it is genetic in the sense that people who have had family members or Alzheimer's, they have increased chance of around 40 to 60% in them of having Alzheimer's compared to the other population who don't have a genetic problem. So, you can say yeah, it is genetic. Feel free to unmute yourself and ask your questions also. There is another question for you Doctor, is it possible for an Alzheimer's patient to restore their memory at certain cases times? If yes, is it a common or rare case? Restore memory at certain cases of time? Well, there is no such phenomena as such where they are automatically or suddenly dramatically restored memory. But yes, the Alzheimer's memory decline is kind of fluctuating day to day basis, time to time basis, but they won't completely regain their earlier functioning. So, the memory decline may be worse in some time of the day or some days of the week or it might be better in some days of the week or some time of the day, but it's not going to go back to the earlier stage if you will discuss that. Are the drugs used to treat Alzheimer's effectively? Okay, that's what I was saying. It is effective in the way that you can slow down the process, but it is not cured. If you administer the drug earlier in the earlier stages when the Alzheimer's have not deteriorated and severe cognitive decline, there might be a chance of little bit improvement in the cognitive functioning which might last a very long time. For let's say five, six years, there might be an improvement in the cognitive decline even though it won't be completely cured. So, the drugs are useful in that sense, but it is not going to cure the Alzheimer's. So, it's not going to root out Alzheimer's. The deterioration will be there, but the speed will decrease basically with the drugs. What is the best place for care at home or in the nursing facility? That depends on the stage of the illness. For mild cases, then you don't need, mild to moderate, you don't need to be at the person admitted. But in certain cases, there is a comorbidity of psychiatric diagnosis, especially severe depression or psychosis. In those cases, the family members are not able to handle the patient. So, we might admit the person for symptomatic treatment for the psychiatric home morbidity, but I don't think there is any use in admitting a person with severe Alzheimer's because it is not going to cure it as such. It is better to teach the family members how to handle the patient, what are the things that is going to occur, what are the declines that is going to occur and then guide them in staying, letting the patient stay at the home instead with proper supportive care. So, admission is usually when there is a behavioral problem, complimenting the area. Does Alzheimer's affect how long an individual lives? We say that once you are diagnosed with Alzheimer's, I won't say you are diagnosed, but once a person gets Alzheimer's, the life expectancy can be from 3 years to 10 years. It is a very large range, but it is how it is. Some people might live for 3-4 years and some people might live for 10 years, so the expectancy is said to be 3-10 years. It depends on the stage or so. Let's say you are diagnosed with severe stage, then the life expectancy is very low. It is maybe 4-5 years, but if you are diagnosed with earlier stages, then we can see 5-10 years is the range here. Is there a professional course or center for Alzheimer's? Course or center for Alzheimer's? Only for Alzheimer's, but there is a super speciality in psychiatry about psychiatric psychiatry, which will deal with dementia and Alzheimer's specifically along with other ailments that occurs in psychiatric population, but there is no specific different or one course about Alzheimer's. What is the success rate of being Alzheimer's with drugs? Success rate of what? Curing Alzheimer's with drugs. Like I said, drugs do not cure Alzheimer's, so the success rate is let's say 0. It's only going to halve the process, it's not going to cure Alzheimer's. So the treatment is only to help control the symptoms for some time, but the brain deterioration is going to take place even though the rate or the process might be slowed down. So it is not cured. Is there a way to prevent Alzheimer's? Prevent Alzheimer's, yes. Like I said, you have to maintain a healthy lifestyle. You have to stay away from drugs, you have to stay away from alcohol, you have to stay away from smoking, you have to keep your blood levels very, the sugar levels well maintained, the cholesterol levels well maintained, your BP well maintained, you have to maintain a healthy lifestyle, you have to have regular physical activities, you have to have mental stimulation, and you have to have low pollution, I don't know how you're going to do it, but yes, there is one of the things that they have mentioned there. So there is some of the things that will prevent you from, and of course, have a nutritional guide where you can prevent deficiencies, get yourself regularly checked, but there is no sure sort of way of preventing Alzheimer's like I previously mentioned. But if you have a genetic loading, then you have to take extra precaution, and you have to take extra precaution in maintaining all this healthy lifestyle choices, but still then, again, there is no sure sort of way that I can say, can you do this and you will prevent Alzheimer's, yeah. Ma'am, is Alzheimer's disease hereditary? Hereditary, in a sense, yeah. People who have had family members who have Alzheimer's have increased rates compared to the people who don't have family members in the tune of around 60%. So yeah, you can see that there is a genetic component or hereditary component here in Alzheimer's. Alzheimer's disease is a uniquely human order. Does animals get Alzheimer's? Okay, I have not specifically read about this, but no, as far as I know, there has been no case of Alzheimer's in animals, because firstly, it would be very difficult to assess the animals. How will you assess the memory decline? How will you assess the patient that animal is not able to brush anymore? So there is no principle of Alzheimer's in animals other than humans as of now. If anyone has any more questions, you can ask. I would like to thank Nime Nyo. Ma'am, I have a question. So we have often heard of anterior-grade and retrograde in Russia. So what is particular Alzheimer's, which one would be more prevalent? And again, yeah. Initially, the anterior-grade is firstly affected. After that, basically, all the aspects of memory will be affected, depending on the stages. Firstly, you have the anterior-grade memory. After that, you have lost in the retrograde also and you have lost in the autobiographical memory also, eventually. So initially, it will be anterior-grade. So again, regarding hypertension as your pension, for people who are having chronic hypertension, they must be taking medications for quite a long period or quite some time. So for them, besides the lifestyle changes, what all preventive measures they can carry, because here I think especially in the North East, even in our family members, they are not much aware of what they have to do regarding disease. So we are not aware whether they have developed this disorder or not. So for that reason, what are the steps that we can take up as family members in order to protect the elderly ones in the house? Firstly, what I want to mention is just because your hypertension doesn't mean you'll have Alzheimer's, just that the risk is a little bit higher here. What we say about hypertension and Alzheimer's is that the BP level, the systolic BP, should be kept at the higher side of the normal range. It shouldn't be kept very low, but that is one thing that a doctor has to do. Obviously, you won't be able to do it. That is one thing. Secondly, apart from maintaining your BP, even if you're taking anti-hypertension for a long time, it is more important to maintain your BP than worry about taking these drugs, because these drugs are important. So the drugs are not going to cause your Alzheimer's, but the uncontrolled BP is going to cause Alzheimer's. So continue taking anti-hypertensive. Apart from that, obviously, how to control the hypertension will be a low social sodium diet. It doesn't mean to cut off the sodium completely. It just means low sodium, no sodium. What we get many a times in our clinic is that people, because they have heard if sodium causes increase in BP, they'll just completely cut off sodium from their diet. That is not going to help, and it is also going to be harmful. You have to have a low sodium diet. Decrease salt amount in your food. Don't take extra sodium. Don't take those fries and those chips and all those things. That is one thing. How to control BP will be other than the diet. There will be, of course, the physical exercises is very important. It doesn't mean you have to go to the gym. You have to take breaks exercises, like remuneration, taking wards, and hypertension. Get regularly checked yourself regularly. You know, every six months, especially if your parents are having hypertension, you should get their ECG done regularly every six months. You can get your blood levels done, check their cholesterol levels, because all these things are connected.  So you can catch your metabolic changes if it has started to occur and correct it at the initial stage of itself. So this increase in blood levels is going to all affect your brain. So this is how you're going to prevent if any change in the Alzheimer's, like changes occurring in your brain or in your mind. So these are the things apart from teaching medicine that you can do. Thank you, Ma. Of course, keep them mentally stimulated. Make them read, make them well aware of what is happening around the world, music and all those things. Thank you so much. Any other questions? I'd like to thank Melody, as well as Nime Nyo, Lobino, Imli Benla, Tenjen Le, Tenjen Nyella, Houding Le and Machuni for your questions. I think your questions have all helped us also understand better. And also, Ma'am, for clarifying our doubts. So if anyone else has any questions, if no, then I give the time to Dr. Nuzini, I say. Good evening once again. That was indeed a very intensive and learning experience from you, Ma'am. We have all learned a lot. And in spite of a very short time given provided to you, you have explained to us very properly about our onset and how it progresses as well as you have touched a little bit on treatment, all the specific areas. So yeah, we have learned a lot from you, Ma'am. And thank you so much for accepting our invitation in spite of your busy schedule. We hope to have, you know, in the future to have more collaborations if the opportunity arises. Yeah. Thank you so much. I hope I have been able to convey some ideas to you and, you know, help you understand Alzheimer's a little more. Yes, Ma'am, indeed we have, yes. And I hope the students also have also joined. Yeah. Yeah. So with that, we have already come to this today's Awareness in Alzheimer's program. And I would like to thank, you know, all the students, the staff, and those guest who have joined us this evening from, you know, outside of college as well. You know, your presence made a difference for this program. And I hope, yeah, all of us will be living this program with God and creating more awareness about dementia and Alzheimer's. Yeah. Okay. Yeah. Thank you all. Yeah. And have a good evening. Thank you. Thank you, Ma'am, once again. Thank you. Thank you so much.


In entertainment, the March-anticipated winners of the 2021 Oscar Awards were announced on Sunday. Director Clarissa O became the first Asian woman to win the Best Director Award, as well as scooping the award for Best Picture for her film, Laman Land. Actress Frances McDummond took home the lead actress Oscar for her role in the film on the night of the return to Hollywood Glamour after a long pandemic showed up. 73-year-old young Yu Jun won the Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her role as the cantorist's grandmother in Immigrant's Tale Miniatur. I'm extremely fortunate to be able to do what I love for a living. And if this one helps more people like me get to live their dreams, I am so grateful for this. I have had a group dinner with Catherine Wands and definitely fatten guard big time. And yeah, I would love to talk to her if you have her email. Well, I think this is actually, for me, this was the most fulfilling because it was the first time we were all able to be back together in a year or close to it. So usually you've spent a lot of time together through some of this awards circuit and you've gotten to know a lot of the other people who made all the wonderful films. But this was the first time we got to be reunited and got to see some of the other great filmmakers and the people who made some of the other beautiful movies that were nominated. I mean, it's pretty amazing, but it is very heavy. But maybe I just need to go to the gym. Or maybe I can use him as a weight. No, it's just, I don't know what I expected. I think I've only ever held a pretend one. So it's very exciting.


Hi everyone, my name is Bennett Grazer and I run a YouTube channel where I talk all about smartphone filmmaking. In this video I partnered up with Ulanzi to show you the best mobile filmmaking vlogging setup. Vlogging has become very popular and is a great way to share your story with the world. Smartphones can capture high quality video which makes it perfect to use it as a vlogging camera. The reason why I like to use smartphone for vlogging is because it's always with me and I can easily access it. Let's now look at the equipment you need to create high quality videos for your vlogs. It's recommended to invest in some basic equipment to get the most out of your videos. The first thing you will need is a smartphone that is capable of capturing video. I assume that you already have a smartphone that can record video so that would be covered. I use the iPhone 12 Pro Max which I'll be using throughout this video but you can use any other smartphone since a vlogging setup is compatible with most smartphones. The next thing you will need is a mini tripod. A tripod allows you to hold the camera in a comfortable position to easily frame yourself when vlogging. The footage will also be steadier compared to handheld shots. Here's the difference between using the mini tripod versus handheld. So I'm now using the mini tripod walking at normal speed and the footage probably shouldn't look that shaky and I can also keep the camera further away from me using the tripod and this is what it looks like. So this is how it looks like going handheld. I'm walking at normal speed and as you can see I can't keep the camera further away from me and with a mini tripod I can do that more easily and also vlogging like this over a long period of time takes a lot of energy. As you can see with the mini tripod I can hold the camera further away to fit myself more in the frame and I can record steadier vlogs. You can also use the mini tripod to rest it on a flat surface which also makes it great to get static time-lapse shots. When shooting b-roll or secondary footage that you add on top to enhance your story using the mini tripod will give you smoother results since you have a better grip and adds more weight to the camera. The tripod I use is the Manfrotto mini tripod which costs around $20. What I like about this tripod is that it has a ball head that allows me to angle the camera in any direction. By simply pushing the button I can unlock the ball head and once that's released the camera will stay at its position. Now Ulanzi also offers a variety of affordable tripod accessories. The one I recently discovered that has a 2-in-1 function is the Ulanzi MT16 extendable tripod that comes with a ball head for around $20. This tripod is lightweight, intuitive to use and easy to carry around. The advantage of using this tripod compared to the Manfrotto mini tripod is that it can extend allowing you to be even further away from the camera when vlogging. This way you will have more in the frame and don't have to worry being cut out. This also saves you money not having to necessarily buy an add-on ultra wide angle lens which I will talk about later in this video. This feature is quite useful as I can also place a tripod on the surface and adjust the height to properly frame myself. With the Manfrotto mini tripod you are limited. I also like the built-in cold shoe mount for mounting different accessories such as the LED light. I would say that the Ulanzi tripod is more cost effective as you get the 2-in-1 functionality as well as the integrated cold shoe mount. To mount your smartphone on the mini tripod you will need a tripod adapter like the one I got for $10 from Ulanzi. This way I can easily slide my iPhone in, secure it by twisting the knob and mount it onto the mini tripod. You will also notice that there is a cold shoe mount on top that allows you to add different accessories. The next thing you will need is light. If you just started making videos light can be challenging especially when filming indoors. Smartphones generally don't do well in low light situations. That's why it's always a good idea to use some kind of light source to improve the video quality such as standing close to a window or turning on a lamp. I like to use artificial light when filming indoors. This helps brighten up the subject resulting in a much cleaner image. By filling in the shadows on the subject's face it also allows the viewer to focus the attention more on the subject. Here's the difference between using an external light versus without in a dark environment. So I'm currently filming in my studio and I think this is a great example because when filming indoors it can be quite challenging with the light. Now the first thing you would do is obviously open up the blinds to let more light come in but I just wanted to prove to you that there's no window available or you don't have any additional lights to turn on. Having an external light can immensely improve the image quality because smartphones generally don't do well in low light situations and the more light you can add the better the image quality will be. So this is how it will look like without the LED light on. I'm going to turn it on right now and this is how it looks like with the LED light on. You'll probably notice a difference in image quality and that is the reason I always bring an LED light with me in case I have to film in a dark environment. As you can see using an external light can immediately improve the image quality. The light I'm using is the Pocket VL49 LED light by Ulanzi which costs $16. It produces a nice soft light in which you can control the intensity. You can change the color's temperature making it more bluish around 5600 Kelvin or orange which is around 3200 Kelvin. The Pocket LED light comes with three cold shoe mounts that allows you to add even more accessories. One of the most important accessories that will make your vlogs more enjoyable to watch is audio. The built-in microphone on smartphones do produce decent audio quality but when facing windy conditions the built-in audio captures a lot of wind noise that will distort the audio and distract the viewers. The built-in audio on most smartphones also capture audio from all direction which results in unwanted ambient noise. I prefer using a shotgun mic which is a directional mic and capture sound from where you point it at. I'm using the Siren VMQ1 mic which costs around $30. As you can see I mounted the mic on to the cold shoe mount of the light. Using the Siren mic allows me to attach a windshield when shooting outdoors. That will help block wind noise. Here is the difference between using the shotgun mic versus without. Alright so this is a mic test. I'm currently using the internal mic on the iPhone 12 Pro Max and you might hear some wind noise. It's a little bit windy outside so that will probably be noticeable when filming with the internal mic on the iPhone 12 Pro Max and in that case if it's very very windy outside I prefer using an external mic which is the Siren mic that I'm about to plug in right now so that you guys can hear the difference. So this is how it sounds like with the Siren mic plugged into the iPhone. As I said there is wind passing by and I have the windshield attached on it so it will block the wind noise which produces a much cleaner audio. So yeah my voice is probably also more present than using the internal mic so whenever I go out and vlogging I always use an external mic just in case it gets very windy outside but otherwise if the weather is clear and there's not much wind going on you could go with the internal mic. As you can hear the shotgun mic produces a much cleaner sound than the built-in mic. For vlogging the shotgun mic is a great tool since you're close to the camera. The further away you are from the mic the more ambient sound it captures. So try to be as close as possible to the mic to get the best results. To connect the microphone to your smartphone make sure to use the included phone cable that comes with the Siren mic. Since it has a 3.5 millimeter jack output I will need a lightning adapter to plug it into my iPhone. If you're using an android you will need a type C USB adapter. Once plugged in you're ready to record. Now as a bonus you might consider getting an ultra wide angle add-on lens. For vlogs adding an ultra wide angle lens to your camera will allow you to fit more into the frame because not all of you might have a built-in ultra wide angle lens. The ultra wide lens I use is from Zenvo that costs around 60 dollars that also includes a macro lens and is compatible with most smartphones since it has a clip on system. This can be useful if you want to show the viewer more of the surrounding. This also ensures that you won't be cut out of the frame when vlogging. So let me now show you how that would look like using the ultra wide lens. So I'm currently using the standard lens on my iPhone 12 Pro Max and as you can see the field of view is quite small and if you're using something like an ultra wide angle lens that you can attach on the standard lens you can enlarge in the field of view and have more in the frame this way you don't have to worry about being cut out. So pretty nice. The quality you get out of it is great and can be very useful when filming in tight spaces. So there you have it that is the gear I use when vlogging with a smartphone. I always keep changing my vlogging setup but I guess for starters this is a great vlogging option that you can also adapt for yourself. Keep in mind that vlogging does take a bit of work and by using these tools you can easily improve your video making your story more compelling and engaging to watch. Hopefully this video gave you a good understanding of how to set up a vlog using the right gear for your smartphone. If this video helped you make sure to leave a like also subscribe to this channel so that you don't miss out on other tutorials. Thank you so much for watching stay creative and have fun creating your next vlog.