Hello and welcome to the session. This is Professor Farhad in which we would look at CPA questions that deal with alternative minimum tax. This is part five of five. This means I already finished four quarts explaining AMT, which involved a simulation. In this session, we would look at practice questions. This topic is covered on the CPA exam, obviously, as well as an income tax course. As always, I would like to remind you to connect with me on LinkedIn if you haven't done so. YouTube is where you would need to subscribe. I have 1,700 plus accounting, auditing, tax, finance, as well as Excel tutorial. If you like my lectures, please like them, share them, put them in playlists. If they benefit you, it means they might benefit other people. Connect with me on Instagram. On my website, farhadlectures.com, you will find additional material to supplement and complement your accounting education, as well as your CPA exam. If you are planning to add 10 to 15 points to your CPA exam score, pass the exam and put it behind you so you could focus on your career, check out my website. So let's take a look at the first question. The calculation of AMT begins with what? So simply put here, they're asking us, do we know how to compute AMT? Well, what do you start with? You start with taxable income. So let's look at A, begins with taxable income so far so good, then adds back adjustments. Yes, partially true, then subtract out preferences. Well, preferences we always add, that's one thing. So now adjustments, they could be pluses, they could be minuses, A is out. B, begins with taxable income so far so good, then add back adjustments and preferences and subtract AMT exemption. Well, that looks good, that looks good because we do add, we do add back adjustments and preferences, add them back, it means they could be plus, they could be minuses, they did not specify, preferences always a plus. Okay, adjustments, they could be plus, they could be minuses, then we subtract AMT. This looks like a good answer. Let's look at the other. Does not involve the addition or subtraction of itemized deduction out. It does involve the addition of itemized deduction, except for charitable contribution, that's not true. Does not involve the addition or subtraction of municipal bond interest income from private activity bond. No, private activity bond, this is a preference, part of the preferences and we add those private activity bond. So it does involve the addition of that. Therefore, as expected, B is the answer. Let's take a look at this question. Mark is single with no dependent. During 2019, Mark has 110,000 of taxable income, he has 38,000 of positive AMT adjustments and 22,000 of tax preferences. Mark does not itemize his deduction, but takes the standard deduction, calculate Mark's alternative minimum taxable income. So to start with, we'll start with 110, his regular taxable income and definitely we add the preferences, 22,000 and here they're telling us the AMT is a positive adjustment. Therefore, we add the positive adjustment, 38,000. We're up to 170. I wrote this question this way for a purpose. You look at the answers and you don't see 170 and you may go with none of the above. That's not true. What happened here, you have to remember, but here you don't, in a sense, you have to remember from my perspective to help you understand this, you are missing the standard deduction and the standard deduction is 12,200 for 2019. Now, rather than giving you the standard deduction, they may show you the tax form when you have to pull out the standard deduction. So simply put, don't forget to add back the standard deduction because he does not itemize. Therefore, you add back the standard deduction. So this question is on purpose this way, kind of to remind you that you basically, the first thing you have to do once they said that he doesn't itemize you would say 110 plus standard deduction. That's the first thing you have to do because it means you don't have itemized deduction to worry about, but you have to add back the standard deduction. So be careful. Which of the following itemized deduction not allowed for AMT? Simply put, you cannot take the deduction for AMT. You have one, two, and three real estate taxes, charitable contribution, medical expenses. Let's look at three. Are they all not allowed? That's not true. Some of them are not allowed, but not all of them. Therefore, B is out. One in three. Well, here's what you have to know. Kind of, I'm going to make it easy for you. What is not allowed for AMT? Real estate taxes. Anything that does, any taxes paid on Schedule A. Taxes paid on Schedule A is not allowed for AMT. It's not allowed for AMT. Therefore, one only. And remember, this amount, this amount, not real estate, the taxes paid on Schedule A, the maximum an individual can take is $10,000. So what you have to do usually is start with your taxable income, add back this $10,000 from, if not the standard deduction, you'll have to add back the taxes if you have up to $10,000. AMT depreciation of furniture, seven-year life, as calculated using which method? Okay. So you have to understand, you have to choose between makers and AMT. Well, you have to know. Hopefully, you know, when you walk under the exam, that makers is a 200% declining balance. Therefore, they're asking us about AMT. AMT is out. Once, you know, makers is 200%, the straight line is not for furniture, the sums of year digit, we don't really use it for IRS. So what's left is $150. But remember, even let's assume you memorize this and you're confused. Is it $150 or is it $200? Let's assume you are down to those two. Is it $150 or is it $200? I know it's one of them. Well, think about it. AMT, it's going to give you less deduction, generally speaking, not generally speaking. The purpose is less deduction. Okay. So which one will give you less deduction? $150. In total, they're the same. But if I told you use the $150, it means it's going to give you less deduction at least early on. Therefore, AMT uses $150, makers uses the $200 declining balance. And I want to make sure when you go into the exam, you know makers is $200. Otherwise, you know, it's not good not to know that. Okay. After computing all tax preferences and AMT adjustments, Adam and his wife, Lily has AMTI of $1,250,000. If Adam and Lily file a joint return, what exemption amount can they claim for AMT for that year? So I just made up some numbers here to make sure you understand how we compute the exemption, the exemption. Assume the phase out start at $1.2 million and the exemption amount is $1.15 million. Okay. So again, this purpose is for effectiveness here, because every year the exemptions and the phase out will change. That's why I just make up some numbers. So anytime you are faced with those numbers, you'll be able to answer the note. If this was a CPA question, you know, if this was a simulation, they will give you the phase out and the exemption. So simply put, their start, the government gives you $1.15 million. But hopefully, you know already that they cannot qualify for the $1.15. Why? Because their AMTI is more than the phase out, which is $1.2 million. So A is out. The second common error that students make is, oh, they would say, well, we are $50,000 above the phase out, let's deduct $50,000 from $1.15 and we'll get $65,000 or maybe there's a mistake, $65,300. It's not, that's not how you do it. So how do you compute this? How do you compute the reduction in the exemption? Well, first you have to see how much are you above the limit. So if we take $1,250,000 minus $1.2 million, you are $50,000 above the limit. You'll take the $50,000, you multiply it by 25%, and you need to reduce your exemption by $12,500. Therefore, if the government gives you $115,000, you have to reduce it by $12,500. And I believe this should be $102,500 and the answer is, D is in David. So an easy trap is you'll take the $50,000 and deduct the $50,000 from the $1.15. That's not what you do. Just make sure you know this. You find out how much you are over.  Again, if this is given to you, it will not be given in a multiple choice because they will need to give you the phase out and the exemption. Usually it will be given most likely in a simulation. As always, I'm going to remind you to like my recording, share it, put it in playlist. I'm always going to remind you also to visit my website farhatlectures.com if you want to learn more about an individual income tax, entity tax, which is corporate tax, international accounting, advanced accounting, governmental audit. You want to supplement your education or you want to supplement for your CPA exam or your finance course. Check out my website. Your CPA investment is 30 to 40 years. So it's a long term investments. It's going to pay you dividend over a long period of time. Don't short change yourself. Invest in your career, invest in your education so you could move on, pass your exam, live the life that you like. Good luck, study hard, and stay.


Hello, and welcome, everyone, to Cloud Native Live, where we dive into the code behind Cloud Native. I'm Taylor Dolezal, head of Ecosystem at the CNCF, where I get to work closely with teams as they navigate their Cloud Native journeys. Every week, we bring a new set of presenters to showcase how to work with Cloud Native technologies. These folks will build things, they will break things, and they will answer your questions. In today's session, I'm stoked to introduce Flynn from Boyant, who will be presenting on multi-cluster failover using LinkerD. This is an official live stream of the CNCF, and as such, is subject to the CNCF Code of Conduct. So please don't add anything to the chat or questions that would be in violation of that Code of Conduct. Basically, please be respectful to all of your fellow participants and presenters. Be excellent to one another. With that, I'd love to hand it over to Flynn to kick off today's presentation. With that, Flynn, please take it away. Today is going to be very interesting, as I was telling Taylor. I think we might have lost your audio. Yeah, I think we lost your audio, Flynn. Right now is about the time I make a UDP joke, but not sure that you might get it. Hold tight, folks. We're going to see if we can get some audio back. I'm going to continue assuming that things are mostly OK. Let's see if I can get a screen share going of everybody, for better or for worse. So let me do this. Here's our kind of nominator, which is that what I have been planning to do here is actually up on the repo. There we go. Hey, OK, I got the screen share going. Things are starting to work a little bit better. Everybody keep your fingers crossed. OK, so packets are flowing. I'm going to talk a little bit about, yeah, packets are flowing. This is a good thing. I'm going to talk a little bit about what we mean by multi-cluster failover and what we mean by failover, that sort of thing. And hopefully, maybe, we'll get to a point where we'll be able to do a little bit of a demo. If not, everything that I was going to do is posted up in the repo, in a GitHub repo. And I'm going to send this, send the URL of the GitHub repo so you all can follow along, no matter what happens to me. OK. So in there, there is a really huge file called readme.md. I believe that that link will get posted to the main chat in a moment. The readme.md is the steps that I've been following along to get things set up. And hopefully, we'll be able to actually follow some of that live so I guess we'll see what happens, right? All right, in the meantime, let's talk a little bit about multi-cluster and failover and all that kind of stuff. So first up, OK, that's me. First up, let's see if the screen share is going to catch up when I did something different. Wow, this is so much fun when nothing at all is working. I just love that. It's how you know it's a live demo. And thankfully, it's not Friday. So we're good on that front. I'm not sure what would happen on Friday. All right, well, here we go. Yeah, it's coming close to Friday, for sure. So I guess we get to just do this the old entertaining way. Taylor, do you want to drop that screen share? And let's see what we can do. I'm going to try restarting that once. And if that works, then great. And if it doesn't work, then we can manage something else, right? Always, absolutely. Don't try this at home, kids, or something like that. It's wild to think that they had to resort to charades before developing PowerPoint and slide decks. So hopefully we don't have to go to that today. Well, you know, worse comes to worst. I can, in fact, just go through and talk out loud and we'll see how it goes, right? But I would really like to have at least some things that I can point to that would be lovely. OK, let's try this once more, shall we? And then it's going to be a lot of fun trying to go through and catch up so we don't run too far over time, right? All right. Yeah, you know, it might not let me share at all. That would be delightful, wouldn't it? I don't want to drop out and come back. I would just kind of like it if it did the right thing here. Well, yeah, great. Oh, well, there's that, but that is not right. All right, well, you know what? I guess we're just going to have to do this with words. How creepy is that? You can go ahead and drop that because that doesn't seem to be updating with what I'm actually doing. Let me talk a little bit about failover and what we're talking about with multi-cluster at all. Basically, failover is a really, really old concept. It has been around since long before Kubernetes. It will be around probably forever. It's basically just the idea that if you go through and you have a service that isn't working, then you want to go and redirect traffic for that service to something that is working, which I hope makes sense to everybody. I'm also seeing some questions in the chat about Istio and LinkerD. And we can come back to that a little bit later. When we're talking about simple failover, we're mostly talking about failing over a service within cluster. So maybe you have our emoji vote demo running, which is what I'm supposed to be demoing for you. And you can have multiple instances of the emoji vote pod running in the same cluster. Then if one of your pods goes down, you can just redirect and let it go to a different pod. And that works out really well. One of the really interesting things about Kubernetes though is that as people have gotten better and better with Kubernetes, they've been kind of getting more and more sophisticated with how they use it. And they keep coming up with more and more different patterns. One of the patterns that's getting a little bit more popular these days is the idea that the entire cluster can be a fungible object. And so this implies not just that you're going to treat the services as something that can die and get immediately restarted, but that you'd like to be able to treat the entire cluster as something where if the whole cluster crashes, no big deal. Just go ahead and pick it up with a different one. This is a really cool idea. And multi-cluster failover is a specific example of this where if you have a service in one cluster that dies, you can just go ahead and route traffic over to another cluster, the same service in a different cluster. It isn't quite as dramatic as having your entire cluster catch on fire and be replaced by another cluster for everything, but you can do that as well if you treat the ingress as the service that's going to be failed over, right? So that's basically what we're talking about with multi-cluster here. Question so far as I try to figure out how to go through and continue with some of the other possibilities here. Not seeing anything. All right. So multi-cluster failover and linkerty, there's another old concept software of layering where as things get more and more complex, you try to split them up into layers. So you have something simple that happens at the bottom, then you layer something a little bit more complex on top of the simple thing, then you layer something more complex on top of that. This is all over the place in computing from networking through into application design, Kubernetes itself is a good example of this. And in fact, linkerty steals the same concept as we go through when we talk about failover and multi-cluster. We have at the very bottom of this stack, we have this thing called the, I have to play a little bit fast and loose here, but at the very bottom of this, we have the service mesh interface extension to linkerty. The service mesh interface extension allows linkerty to honor the traffic split resource. The traffic split resource can then do things like say, oh, 50% of the traffic going to service foo should go to foo one, and the other 50% should go to foo two. It's a simple way of doing canarying or load balance. Well, not really load balancing, but canary deployments, things like that. We get to use it for failover as well. The linkerty failover extension sits on top of the linkerty SMI extension. And if it sees that a service has crashed, it can manipulate the traffic split resource to divert all of the traffic for the broken service to a service that's actually working. Makes sense so far? OK, the multi-cluster extension fits into all of this by giving linkerty not so much a way of magically causing a cluster to connect to another cluster. What the multi-cluster extension really does is allows linkerty to see what services have been exported in one cluster and bridge only those services into your first cluster. And to Carlos's question, the service mesh should be in both clusters. What you do with linkerty is you install linkerty in both of your clusters. For the example here, I'm going to be talking about the east cluster and the west cluster. So they would both be running linkerty, and then you would provide links between from the east cluster to the west cluster, and if you want from the west cluster back to the east cluster. The link is directional because it determines the direction of service mirroring. If you link the east cluster to the west cluster, the west cluster will be able to get services from the east cluster. And vice versa, if you link the west cluster to the east cluster, then the east cluster can have services mirrored from the west cluster. That in turn then allows us to use the traffic split resource to split traffic between services that aren't even in the same cluster by using those mirror services. And that's the way all of this works is that we set up a traffic split that allows linkerty's failover extension to flip traffic between the normal service in the same cluster and the mirrored service in the other cluster. All right, so we live dangerously and try sharing the screen. Because you know, that would be kind of nice. Oh, hey, the menu opened to this time. Yes. That's always a good sign. Everybody keep your fingers. Let's see if I'm working it all at this point. Can still hear you. It looks like your video. Okay, now your video is coming back. All right, we'll see if maybe the packets are gonna flow again. While we're at it, I suppose I can talk about, hey, look at that. We kind of got some things going there maybe. Yeah. I picked the wrong window to share. So while I'm messing with this a little bit further, let's go ahead and talk to Carlos's questions there. Yes, there are situations where it can be a very good thing to have both of your clusters active. And yes, you do need to be careful about those for all the usual reasons that, you don't wanna be redirecting traffic to one cluster that's then gonna redirect it back to the first cluster. Definitely a thing that you need to be very careful of. A more common scenario actually would be, you might go ahead and link the clusters together bidirectionally, but you might export different services. So for example, you might choose to have, okay, a kind of contrived example would be that you might choose to have the web server in the East cluster fail over to the web server in the West cluster. And then your single page app service might fail the other direction. That feels a little bit weird. It's not clear to me that that's all that really sort of thing that would happen in the real world. But on the other hand, something that might well happen in the real world is to imagine that you have clusters that are in different regions and now imagine that you're dealing with GDPR, for example, where it's very, very important that the personal information for your European users stay in Europe and for your American users stay in America. That's a scenario where it could very well make sense to allow the web service itself to fail. In the American cluster, you would say, oh, the web service primary is the American web service. But if need be, we can fail over and use the European web service and vice versa for Europe. But you would never export the services that would allow access to user data out of their respective clusters. And hopefully that makes a little bit more sense. All right, so I think we can do some stuff here. To Ugo's question, it's going to depend in the case of the failover, will the traffic still be passing through the first cluster to only then go to the failover cluster? Kind of depends on which service it is. In general, the traffic has to get to the point that Linkerdee can get a hold of it. So with just two clusters, yes, you would have to go from your first cluster over to your second. But we could also imagine a scenario where you have three clusters, where one of them holds the Ingress and the other two only hold back-end services, in which case the Ingress cluster would be the one redirecting to one of the others and it would not, at that point, need to go through. You can go from the Ingress to the West cluster or the Ingress to the East cluster without having to go from the West to the East. Did that make sense? That would be a little easier to do with drawing things. All right, so normally when I'm doing these things, I can go through and actually run all these command while we're looking at this stuff and you get to see all of this stuff live. I kind of don't dare do that right now because I'm kind of convinced that if I try to do that, the world will come to an end. So instead, okay, for some small value of the world's coming to an end, but at least now I can show you the things where I can walk through the steps and maybe more importantly, I can point out the gotchas that are in here. And actually, let me first start with bit where the assumption that we're making here is that you have two clusters for this demo that they are called East and West. And if you're trying to do this with clusters that are not named East and West, it doesn't really matter. You can just change the context names in the rest of this file or you could use kubectl config rename context if you want to be a little destructive about it. But I want to point out a specific thing if you're trying to do this with K3D, which is what I was doing. And for that, we need to look in the create.md file. Come on, browser, it's just a markdown file. You can do it, it'll be okay. We believe in you. What's really remarkable about this is knowing full well that an LTE cell modem is vastly faster than a bunch of things I used years ago and now it feels so slow and unpredictable. It's just remarkable. Okay, let me point out these things because these are really important. If you're trying to do this with K3D or let me back up a moment. If you're trying to do this sort of thing with LinkerD at all, the requirement, there are two big requirements. The first one is that your clusters have to have IP connectivity, which sounds kind of silly, but yeah, the clusters have to be able to talk to each other. The other really important thing is that, and we'll talk about this a little bit later, they have to share a trust route because they're gonna do MTLS between the two clusters, which is very, very helpful when they talk to each other over the public internet. If you're going to set this up with K3D, there are some kind of weird gotchas in here. Specifically, when you're doing this, you must set up all of your K3D clusters so that they're on the same Docker network. Otherwise, they won't be able to talk to each other at all and because they're on the same network and they're bridged through the same host. You also have to play games with setting the port for the API server and the port that you wanna, you know, we set this up with an English controller so that we can actually use things like name-based routing and all of those want to expose ports to the host. But again, this is K3D in the Docker network, they all show up with the same IP address and so you have to give them different port numbers. I'm not gonna go through all the rest of this script, but I did wanna point out those gotchas because those are very, very important. So let's start walking through assuming that you already have the clusters set up. This really, really long markdown file has all the commands to go through and set up the clusters from scratch, get everything installed in a way that will work and let's go ahead and walk through that since I don't think I dare try to run these right now. Once again, so a couple of obvious things here is this starts by running LinkerD check to make sure that your East and West cluster can actually run LinkerD, which is kinda important since we're using LinkerD. Then we get into certificate setup. There's a whole service mesh academy on certificate management that goes much more into the details of what is. I think we might have lost you there, Flynn. Give it just a second so it comes back. Oh, am I back again? There, yeah, you're back. Okay. Where'd you lose me? Was I talking about the step command and stuff? Yes. So like I said, there's an entire certificate management workshop that goes into considerably more detail here, but we basically are using the step certificate create command to make a single trust anchor certificate. We do that here. And then we create any issuer for each certificate, or sorry, for each cluster. The clusters have separate identity issuers, but both of the identity issuers are signed by the same root, the same trust anchor. In that way, they can do saying they get to manage all their own workloads in each cluster, but whenever cluster East talks to the West cluster, then MDLS just works because the root chain is the same certificate in both. After we've made the certificates, we can then go through and install LinkerD. This is pretty much just straight out of the start for how to install LinkerD 2.12 with notable exception that for both of them, we explicitly say which certificates we want it to use rather than letting LinkerD generate its own. And again, if you have questions while I'm walking through this, I know I'm going a little bit quickly because we're running a little behind where I would like to be because of network now restarting. Okay, hopefully I'm back again here. Yeah, I think it's gone through a couple of blips, but last one was short, but this one's less and a little bit long. We'll see if- Was it long? There we go. Now you're back. Okay. After getting LinkerD itself set up, then we are installing Grafana and LinkerD viz, and then we install an Ingress controller. Again, this is mostly just to go through and make sure that we don't have to use kubectl port forward all over the place to be able to talk to things. I'm kind of biased. I've had lovely experiences with port forward dying out for my things like that. Okay. Next last, almost the last thing in the install everything step is we install the emoji voto setup. This is straight out of the emoji voto quick start, except that we're just installing it into each different cluster. And then the last thing we do is set up access through the Ingress controller so we can talk to things. I think I can show at least this, you have that. So, okay, true to actually setting things up for failover and for multicluster in general. And the failover extension. And important to study SMI extension actually ships whenever you have straightforward access to that. So this is using the Linkard CLI to install the SMI extension. Linkard failed ship with Linkard itself. And so the easiest way to do later on helm. Again, these both get installed into both clusters so that we have the traffic splitting functionality with Linkard SMI over. We need after the install. I think we might be having some latency once again. Apologies, folks. The Linkard multi-cluster. Let's see here. Might just have some network issues. Let's try a few things. Let's see if Flynn comes back here in just a second. Then we'll go ahead and continue. We might disable our videos and just leave the slides up here. Extension is also pretty straightforward. One sort of weird thing is, am I back? You're back, yeah. I'm gonna turn off my video. And I think if we turn off our video that should fix some of the things. Cool. Actually, you know what we could do is why don't you share a browser window with us in it? Yeah, yeah, let me do that. Because hopefully that'll work out a little bit better, we hope. Absolutely. Yeah, and if you need me to scale or...  And then if you could put that in our private chat, I can get that loaded up. That's, it's already in the private chat. That's the... Sorry, that read me. Mesh Academy Link. Yep, that's the read me. Perfect. I'll get that up here and go ahead and share my... All right, and then if I can get your help, Libby, with sharing that. All right, so scroll down to the section that says linking clusters. There we go. Okay. Yeah, so if you scroll up, and yeah, I think you could make that quite a bit larger in terms of font. If you scroll up just a touch more, there we go, that looks great. Okay, so what I was trying to say is that, that line there that's doing the annotation on the Lingerty Multicluster namespace right in the middle of that bash block. That's really more about providing a little bit more information for debugging than it is a strict necessity. Yeah, that one. It's in here because it was helpful for me when I was doing all this stuff. Okay, so once again, going through and Lingerty Check is your friend and running Lingerty Check on both of those clusters can be important, right? All right, so let's scroll down a little bit more to the linking clusters section. I wonder if I'm gone again. I think I can hear you, it might have just dropped out. There we go, I can hear you. Great, I should just make Taylor narrate all this, put him on the spot. A particular gotcha that can be a little bit weird, especially if you're using K3D, is that when you set up the links using the Lingerty command, one of the things that has to happen is that if you want to link the East cluster to the West cluster, then the West cluster has to be able to get cluster permissions for the East cluster. It actually has to get Kubernetes credentials. And the way it ends up doing this is that the Lingerty CLI itself is what tries to go ahead and read the credentials for the Kubernetes cluster. But unfortunately, if you're using K3D, the Lingerty CLI running on the host will end up seeing a local host address for the API server and that won't work from the other K3D cluster. So I'm not gonna go through this absurd API server adder function, but the point here is that it can go through and figure out the right API server address to use for the setup that we're using here. And it should also do the right thing if you have a pair of clusters that are, using SIBO clusters or GKE or something like that, they can just talk to each other over the network. If you scroll down a little bit more, let's take a look at that link to the cluster command. So I wanna point out something here where most of the time, if you carefully read these commands, you'll see things like Lingerty dash dash context east pipe to kube control dash dash context east. So we're running Lingerty for a context for a specific cluster, and then we pipe it to kube control for the same cluster. But that is not what happens when you're doing the Lingerty multi-cluster link command. What happens is Lingerty multi-cluster link goes through and constructs a link object, a link resource that then needs to be applied, but you construct the link resource based on information for one cluster, and then you apply it to the other cluster. So if you look carefully at these two Lingerty multi-cluster commands in this bash block, you're gonna see that the Lingerty command has a context for one cluster, and the kube control command has a context for the other cluster. That is not a typo, that is necessary. So very important as you're looking through this to remember that. The next thing happening in step three is that we actually go through and export some of the services. In this case, we're going to export the emoji service, and the emoji service is the one that produces lists of emoji. So it's kind of down deep in the call graph. What happens is that your web browser is gonna talk to the web service, and then the web service ends up talking to the emoji service as do some of the other things. But we're gonna export the emoji service from the east cluster to the west cluster and vice versa, so that from either cluster, you have a way to reach the emoji service in the other cluster. And as noted there, after you do that, you should actually see if you'd run that kube control dash, dash context, east get service, dash, and emoji photo. You should actually see a service in there called emoji service, and you should see one called emoji service dash west. In the west cluster, you'll see emoji service and emoji service east. So, wow, yeah, I really wish I could show this stuff. If you, at this point, after going through and exporting the services, then everything should be working exactly as normal because the services being exported are not gonna be taking any traffic yet. And if you run linker div is stat, you can see that the emoji service will be taking 100% of the traffic, and the emoji service west and emoji service east clusters won't be getting any traffic at all. All right, let's head on down to the failing over thing. There is one more thing that has to be done in terms of setup, which is that we have to install a traffic split resource to tell the LinkerD failover extension that it's okay to go through and shuffle traffic around. Taylor, can you still hear me? Can you scroll down a bit, if so? Absolutely. Or possibly I'm not seeing what is actually on your screen, but... I'm in the, installed the traffic split section, but I can keep going down if that's... Perfect, okay, yeah. The install of the traffic split section is exactly, oh, now I see it, great. That's exactly what we wanna see. If you, you can actually, well, you'll have to scroll way up to the top, but you could actually look at the failover config emoji split east file. It's checked in in the repo. It basically doesn't do anything terribly fancy there. Yeah, if you just scroll all the way up to the top, all the way up to the top, you'll be able to click on the path of that. There you go. Click on the failover config directory, and then click on emoji split east. So if we look at this, it's not very profound. It's a little tough to read, but or it might be a little tough to read, depending. The important thing here is there, there are a couple of things that are important. One of them is there's a label that explicitly says, hey, Linkerty failover, it's okay for you to mess with this, and Linkerty failover will not touch a traffic split that does not have that label. There's also an annotation that tells it the primary service, and that is letting it know that if nothing's gone wrong, emoji service is the one you want to use. This is important because if you really want to, you could say things like, oh, emoji service, twist is the primary. I don't know why you would want to, but make sure that that's the way you want it to, set it to the one that's actually in your cluster. Finally, the last bit here is you can look at the weights down there, in the back ends, and you'll see that currently this traffic split is configured to send all of the traffic to the primary service, emoji service. That's exactly what we want. When we install this traffic split, we don't want it to do anything silly like splitting 50, 50 or anything weird like that. Okay, so let's go back to the read me again. And many thanks to Taylor for his wonderful slide running here. Happy to help, a little bit further down, a little bit further down to the install the traffic split section again. There we go. So we're just going to go ahead and apply that. This is the first thing in this whole read me where we're only doing it on one cluster. We're only applying that split to the East cluster because for purposes of this demo, we're going to demo a failure of the East clusters emoji service and we're going to have it fail over seamlessly to the West clusters emoji service. After applying that traffic split, you should not see anything change because once again, all the traffic is still going to the one in the local cluster. And you can check that again with that linker div is stat command. That one, I'm actually running watch in front of it just to sit there and watch it for a few seconds to make sure that there's nothing going over. All right, scroll down a little bit further and the fail a service section there. We're not doing anything profound here at all. We literally just scale the emoji workload to zero replicas in the East cluster. And at that point, you should instantly see the weights flip in the traffic split. If you get the traffic split back from Kubernetes, you'll see that emoji service will have a weight of zero and emoji service West will have a weight of one. If you then go back to the browser, everything will still work because it's just going ahead and sending all the traffic over to the still running service in the West cluster. If you run that watch linker div is stat there, you will see over the course of a few seconds, you'll see the traffic move from the emoji service to the emoji service West. That's actually all there is to it. If you then rescale the emoji deployment back to one replica, you'll see the weights flip again. You'll see this stat show you the traffic moving and that's really all there is to it. It's like 80% careful, careful setup and then things just start working. One really important thing to point out here is that the way these services, the ways these extensions are kind of stacked on each other gives you an enormous amount of flexibility to do things differently. The fail linker to fail over service is actually fairly simple. As long as they were running end points, then it won't fail. If you want to do something more sophisticated, you can certainly do that. All you need to do is figure out how in your environment you can arrange it such that when you see a service that's wrong, you can just change the weights on the traffic split and you can also then rely on the multi-cluster extension providing you services that link across to the other cluster. So that actually goes through everything that I wanted to show you. So I think we still have a little bit of time for questions if there are any or Taylor, if anything comes to your mind, I'm gonna try turning my video back on. We'll live a little dangerously here. I'll do that and I'll stop screen sharing that. If you do have any questions, please feel free to throw them into the chat where you're watching this live stream and we will be more than happy to answer on that front. And there's our first question for Michael. What happens on a split brain between clusters? So I think that might be the same question that Carlo just answered. Split brain can mean a couple of different things but I'm gonna assume for the moment that we're talking about a network partition. The simplest version of the answer to that question is that linkerty is going to trust that your network is functioning. And if it is not, then you should absolutely be using health checks and maintaining the, yes, you should absolutely be using health checks for that. I believe that if the multicluster extension simply loses contact with the other cluster, I think that the mirrored services go away. I just realized that I was going to check on that but so I'll make it out on that and we'll update the read me there. But I believe that that is part of the answer there as well. I think one question that I had for you Flynn was as teams go to getting services up and running, it can be kind of a feat in and of itself, whether it's lifting and shifting and applications starting to containerize or move something to Kubernetes. And then like you said, implementing service mesh can mean one of many things is you start to kind of up the comfort level with Kubernetes and add things on, add extensions, et cetera. Are there any things that you see teams go to do or adopt that might not work as well as they would expect? Or do you have any like tips, tricks or insights as far as people looking to adopt a multicluster kind of setup? Keep it simple. I like this. I mean, that's... There's obviously a lot that could be said there, right? But yeah, you're 100% the... There are a lot of ways you can get in trouble. So for example, I would strongly, strongly encourage things like pick a service to do this with, pick a setup, you know, go through and do it in your, don't do it in production to start off with. Even just, I think the right way to phrase this one really is that as you'd more and more complex things with Kubernetes, it becomes more and more important to play around with it and to really try to understand what you're getting yourself into before you just go ahead and flip it on. I'll take this opportunity to link that back to the question about Istio versus Linkerty and point out that one of the things we hear over and over and over and over again is that one of the things people really like about Linkerty is that it's entirely possible to just fire it up in a K3D cluster and have a proof of concept running in an hour as opposed to several days. And I cannot emphasize enough how important it is to do that sort of just playing around with things, right? A lot of, you know, I obviously had to go through and get all this stuff working, which now you can't see, thank you, Faas. But I obviously had to go through and take the time to become accustomed enough to multi-cluster to talk about it and to get it running. And yeah, you know, it was tricky at first until I kind of wrapped my head around what it was really doing. Does that answer your question? Is that? Absolutely. Yeah, a lot of stuff that we do, a lot of the stuff that we do as tech evangelists is learning about things and then teaching other people about them.  I like that advice in terms of keeping it simple and just like, you know, like you don't have to stress yourself, iterate, take it slow, make notes, validate your approach and those kinds of things too. I completely agree. I think that in a lot of cases we tend to kind of jump over that right into the code or the configuration or the solution. And it's, you know, you can take that time to actually think it through or validate this is the right approach. It Kubernetes is complex enough all by itself. We don't really need to, we don't really need to make that harder than it needs to be. Yeah. Hugo asks if multi-cluster is in beta or if it's ready to production. Multi-cluster is in production. It is not beta. The SMI extension production, the failover extension is, you know, it's production ready, but it's also simple. And so it's the one that I suspect you might want to look the closest at to see whether it's gonna meet your needs or to see what you need to do to make it meet your needs. And Carlo asks about the BigQuery service. So so here's the interesting thing about things like BigQuery where the big question I have about BigQuery is not is it possible to failover that kind of service? The big question I have is how are you managing all of the data behind that?  It might work if they're in the same regions. I don't know, but most of that to me is less a question about permission and is more a question about state and data. In terms of permission, though, if you do a little bit of digging, you will find that the multi-cluster link command actually defines a service account and sets up some RBAC and things like that. And so I would approach permission first by looking at that and then I would approach permission further by looking at user authentication in the application itself, if that makes any sense. I don't really talk in the repo about that RBAC stuff. So I'm gonna make a note of that because that was a, that was the thing that was very surreal until I understood what was going on. The mechanisms by which multi-cluster is arranging for cluster permissions are normal plain vanilla Kubernetes stuff and it works by, yeah, it works by allowing the linkerty command to read credentials and move them around and, you know, tokens and things like that. So that would be another good thing to talk about a little bit, I think. Boris, it looks simple when you have static data, how do you manage dynamic database data? That is literally an entire separate talk. The short answer is that as soon as you are dealing with persistent data to my way of thinking that's no longer just a service mesh problem and may not be just a Kubernetes problem. So, you know, we can talk about database replication, for example, but that's a whole different world. Yeah. I would love to have a simpler answer for you than that, but yeah, yeah, wouldn't that be cool? Wouldn't it be awesome if your service mesh could handle database replication for you? I would love that. That would be so cool. I would outsource that in a minute. So that'd be fantastic. Yeah, I mean, just, you know talk about a business opportunity. Wow. Any other questions? Anything else, anything else in your mind, Taylor? I think that's it. Honestly, it's given me a lot to think about and I'm really excited to kind of go and test this out myself. I think that in the previous, the N minus one through five places that I've worked, having a multi-cluster set up spend one of the biggest things and most difficult technical things to accomplish with those teams in terms of, you know item potency, all the cues, all those fun things. So this is gonna be fun to try out. Yeah, it's, there's some really, really tricky stuff that happens when you're dealing with that. Yeah. I think one of my most favorite ones was a rabbit MQ cluster, which experienced split brain on its own. So like, yeah, I've got stories also for another talk. Yeah, two or three jobs ago, was it? We had a guy who was just completely enamored of rabbit MQ and wanted to use it for everything. So we got a lot of really good experience about things rabbit MQ is great for and things it's not so great for. So yeah, it would be, it'd be really interesting to hear though, as you play around with it. I'd love to hear about how that stuff goes for you. And on that note, I put in the chat, hopefully it'll show up soon. The URL for the Lincardy Slack and how you can find me there. I'm also gonna put one more link in there. Yeah, so that's slack.linkardy.io. I am at Flynn there, always around, almost always around. And one more thing I wanna put in there as well is this is the link to, also just added the link to the Boyance Christmas Academy site. So every month, we at Boyance do a free workshops, really a very similar format to this one where we go through and pick on a topic and try to tear it apart and hope that the network is working. The next one coming up is actually a deep dive into MTLS and we would love to see you there as well. And if that doesn't make it up, it's at buoyant.io slash service-mesh-academy. So other than that, many thanks. It's always a pleasure to be here. I'm sorry, this one was so rocky, but hopefully we're able to salvage something out of it and people got something out of it, I hope. Okay. No, thank you so much for joining us today, Flynn. It's always a pain with ISPs, CDNs, networks, but you were able to make it happen. Thank you so much. I'm telling you, I think the real moral of this story is that you should always have two internet connections to your house. We just talked about multi-cluster, so multi-ISP would be great. Exactly, right? Fully redundant upstream connections, that's what we all need. Thank you so much, Flynn. Thanks very much, and I hope to see you all again soon. Thank you, thank you. Thanks, everyone, for joining the latest episode of Cloud Native Live. We really enjoyed your interaction and discussions today. Thanks for joining us, and we hope to see you again soon. See you later, everybody. Bye. Ah, and there's the link to the service-mesh-academy. Great.


We'll win the game or no reason why I stand for sex All right, I mean we're here with a crew to review the snowman You know it was a huge flop and pretty much no one saw Yeah, but I think that's the thing for humanity to spare them the pain of slogging through this horrible horrible movie you know about essentially someone who Goes and brutally murders his victims and then builds them a snowman afterwards, but the real victims were the few and poor Unfortunate souls that had to watch this movie. Poor is certainly the word. I was outraged but I did a lot of money I spent to see this film. Yeah, we we should demand a refund You know we should march on Sprout. Can you actually get a refund because the movie was bad? Yeah, well this guy, you know you didn't even make it through the whole thing I literally left And the whole movie was just a big non sequitur that didn't make any sense It was like teletubbies was scarier In this movie is teletubbies too. It's crazy.  Oh my god what Whose idea was it to have a movie where the main character?  I pulled up some Ron tomato scores of movies that are better Then the snowman the snowman is at a whopping 8% approval on Ron tomatoes The room with Tommy was a movie that makes no sense bullshit Did not hit her I did not I did not is that 32 is that movie is four times better? Then the snowman There are some movies that are worse grown-ups to With Adam Sandler is that 7% so this movie is only 1% better than a sequel That's how bad this movie The fairy carried Harry to the shore and the reason that they had to carry Harry to the fairy was that Harry couldn't carry anymore


In this video I'm going to be talking about the Narcissist Indirect Communication Mode. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. Click the bell icon to receive notifications for my future videos. If you would like to donate, my PayPal link is in the video description. If you are interested in one-on-coaching, you can email me at narcisfevercoaching.com. Check out the new merchandise in the Narcisfever store. We have new designs on our t-shirts, tank tops and mugs. The link to the Narcisfever store is in the video description. The Narcissist Indirect Communication Mode. Indirect communication is the opposite of direct communication. Indirect communication gathers information from in between the lines. Instead of asking a question or commenting on a situation, the Narcissist who uses indirect communication will go about in a roundabout way. The Narcissist makes hints or acts out rather than directly saying what they are thinking or feeling when they are not being catered to. They might try to make everything difficult while saying or acting as though nothing is wrong. When they don't get their way, they might take twice as long to get anything done.  It can be very covert where they will often target your individual senses.  They might communicate with you through your hearing by changing their tone of voice, making noises or using music to emotionally manipulate you, whether in a positive or negative way. They might communicate with you through your sense of smell, by spraying perfume or cooking certain food, maybe something that might remind you of an event in the past. They might communicate with you through touch, by touching you in a certain way. Maybe in a way that someone else once touched you, or they might intentionally touch you in a different way to make you think that they have been intimate with someone else. When they are doing this, there is a message that they are trying to communicate to you. In their minds it makes perfect sense, but then their minds are based on emotions rather than any form of logic or reasoning. The narcissist uses indirect communication because they want your attention, but they are very cowardly and lack courage. They lack the strength that is required in the face of pain or grief. The goal of their indirect communication is to get your attention and then provoke an intense emotional reaction from you. They hint or act out their feelings rather than saying them directly to avoid consequence or humiliation. They may also want to avoid conflict where they may not have a valid argument or anything logical or reasonable to say. When the narcissist is using indirect communication, they are in their feelings. They are trying to project their emotions onto you and get you to express them so that they can regulate their own emotions. They also want to see how you are going to react to whatever they are indirectly communicating to you. They will then use this to analyse you even further, construct their own language and then feed this back to you through more indirect communication. They use this manipulative code that is indirect, well crafted but makes no logical sense. It can also be very confusing. Both the narcissist and yourself may feel uncertain or confused about what is actually being communicated. Because the communication is delivered in such an unfocused or imprecise way, you both have only ideas or possibilities about what the other person is trying to communicate. Both the narcissist and you may often find folks in the road where you have multiple ideas or possibilities. The odds are that more often than not, you will discover ideas or possibilities that are different than what the other person was trying to communicate. When the narcissist uses indirect communication, it can feel like a puzzle that you can never solve. Even when you do think you have solved the puzzle, you can still feel uncertain as there is no way to validate whether you have made the correct interpretation. This is where it becomes very confusing until you may then feel as though you have just ended up back where you started. At the beginning, knowing nothing about them, all of the years of indirect communication meant nothing and everything you thought you had learned about them may have been your own thoughts and ideas which arose from the confusion or a misinterpretation of what the narcissist was trying to indirectly communicate to you. This might make you reflect and think why would they go through all of that time and effort to indirectly communicate with you knowing that you may never be able to interpret or understand what they are trying to communicate or suggest to you. I don't think they initially intended for you to be confused or uncertain about what they were trying to communicate or suggest to you but even as they began to notice you becoming more and more confused, this was giving them supply too. At that point, it didn't matter whether you understood what they were trying to communicate or not, it was still giving them supply. Seeing you confused made them feel powerful and in control. It made you feel as though they had some level of control over your thoughts and emotions. It was a mixture of having the ability to confuse you and keep you guessing while also being able to emotionally manipulate you. This combination of gaslighting and control is a very potent source of supply for the narcissist. It can be very difficult to communicate with the narcissist. They do not perceive things the way that we do when you are trying to communicate with them. You are trying to reason with pure emotion. Emotion is unreasonable. It is not based on facts or logic. This is why you will often feel so disconnected from them and unable to understand what they are trying to communicate to you. There is no rhyme or reason when you are dealing with emotion. Imagine you are dealing with a toddler who is having a tantrum. You wouldn't try to reason with them. Because you know that they are not going to understand. The toddler only understands what they want and what they need. They have tantrums and scream because they do not have any other skills or tools to get their needs met. They only have overwhelming emotion. Which is what you will see in the narcissist when their needs are not being met. They shout and scream because they cannot meet these needs themselves. When the narcissist is trying to use indirect communication. Don't give it any attention. Detach emotionally from what they are trying to suggest or display to you. Be unpredictable. Don't always be where they expect you to be at the time that they expect you to be there. This makes it more difficult for them to plan or schedule their indirect communication. If you can, go no contact. You will never reach a mutual understanding or a resolution with a narcissist. Thank you for watching. I hope this video resonated with you. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. Click the bell icon to receive notifications for my future videos. If you would like to donate, my PayPal link is in the video description. Coaching inquiries, you can email me at narxvivercoaching at gmail.com. Check out the new merchandise in the Narx Viver store where you can purchase your own Narx Viver t-shirt, tank top or mug. The link is in the video description. Thank you for watching and I'll talk to you soon.


This goal-orientedness, I want to win the race. See, if you treat life as a race, if you have to win it, you have to get to the finish line soon, isn't it? Do not fix life, either yours or anybody else's. Do you have the courage and commitment to make the possibility into a reality? Inevitably it will yield. How can it not yield? Namaskar to Sathya. Hi, I am Harina Chikha, senior third year architecture. My question is, we live in a society where people are half... where we find people who are extrovert and introvert in nature. So the people who are extrovert, they are competent enough to express themselves. But meanwhile, in this cooperative world, people who are introvert, will they ever be able to make a stand or mark as good as the way we extrovert, so on. And even if they manage to read somewhere in life, will they continue to be an introvert? See, the difference between this extrovert or introvert is, or what these two things are is, it's like mistaking your exhalation for inhalation and inhalation for exhalation. There is no such thing as extrovert or introvert. Do not classify people like that. Some people see that they need to act and reach out. Some people see there is not much need for that. So maybe they are not on the Twitter and Facebook and whatever, this doesn't mean they're introvert. They have a life of their own. We should not judge people like this. Every human being has a right to be whichever way they want. But now the question is, if I am not extrovert, will I be able to do things in the world? That's a main aspect of the question. See, your ability to do things is not because you want to do things. I want to do something is my desire. Desire is just an intention. An intention won't make things happen. An intention will only set direction. Still you have to make the journey, isn't it? Now, one important thing, especially because you're artist, you're not in business program or something like that, I think you should look at life like this. You must see how to enhance this one. Enhance this one means not blow up your ego in a big way. Enhance the life that you are. When I say life, I'm talking about the life that you are. I'm not talking about your body. I'm not talking about the structure of your mind. I'm not talking about, see, when people say life, you are supposed to decipher. They could be talking about their home. They could be talking about their relationship. They could be talking about their car or their dog or something. My life means something. I'm not talking about that. I'm talking about the life that you are. Are you alive? Are you really alive? Or just a bundle of thoughts, emotions, ideas, prejudices, opinions. Most people are just this. Because of that, we make conclusions. This is an introvert, this is an extrovert. Because without conclusion, you can't have a thought. You need conclusions and conclusions and conclusions about everything. Now I need to conclude this is introvert, this is extrovert.  But human faculties are such, I don't have to conclude. I can just look. This moment how she is, that's all that matters. Yesterday how she was, doesn't matter, isn't it? And tomorrow how she is going to be, you have no clue. Yes or no? Do not fix life, either yours or anybody else's. Do not fix it because what you're calling as human life is a possibility. To make this possibility into a reality, you have to travel a distance. Do you have the courage and the commitment to travel the distance? That's all the question is. It doesn't matter what is your level of intelligence, what is your level of capability, introvert, extrovert, this, that, doesn't matter. Do you have the courage and commitment to make the possibility into a reality? That's all the question is. So if you focus whatever you're doing right now, it doesn't matter what it is. How simple an act you're doing right now, it doesn't matter. If you're absolutely devoted to that that you're doing right now, depending upon various aspects, things will unfold. But because of Western influences, we become too goal-oriented. Goal-oriented means we are interested in the consequence, but we are not interested in the process. If you're not interested in the process, you should not be an artist. If you're not interested in the process, you should never design a building because it's going to land on somebody's head. Yes? Process is an end in itself. If you are absolutely devoted to the process, depending upon various aspects, something will come out. But now we are interested in the consequence, not in the process. This goal-orientedness, I want to get there, I want to get there. Where the hell do you want to get? No, I want to win the race. See, if you treat life as a race, if you have to win it, you have to get to the finish line soon, isn't it? You want to? Hello? If you get to the finish line ahead of all these people, you won the race. You know what the finish line is? We'll be negotiating where to bury you. So, particularly being in creative arts, don't ever think of a goal. What should I become? How should I be? What should I create? Don't worry about these things. If you're devoted to the process, something will come out. Something more beautiful than you imagined will happen because you're devoted to the process without devotion. I'm specifically using the word devotion because people think devotion means going to the temple, church or mosque. No, without devotion, either in sport, art, music, spirituality, politics, business, anything, any arena of life has anybody done anything truly significant without being absolutely devoted to what they're doing. Have they? No, mediocre things you can do. So, do not think of art and aesthetics as a way to earn a living. Living will happen. Living will happen. This is what I'm promising people of all professions, no matter what, especially if you're an artist. If you have a problem with bread, you come to me. I will make sure you have a roof and a bread. Only thing I want to see is you're focused on something. I don't care what. Nothing came out of your focus. I don't care. But I want to see you focused on something. I can't stand unfocused people, that's all. I'm making an open-ended offer. Anybody who's worrying about bread, you just come to me.   I won't ask you what you're focused on, but I want to see you focused because if a human being stays focused on something, inevitably it'll yield. How can it not yield? The universe will yield to you if you're focused.


Last year, a half billion eggs were recalled. The industry monitor remained. Stop whining, completely cooked, is completely safe. Notice though, they never tell you what completely cooked means. Research funded by the egg industry itself found that salmonella can survive scrambled, over-easy, and sunny side up cooking methods. Sunny side up was the worst. The paper ends bluntly. The sunny side up method should be considered unsafe. Maybe the best kept secret within the egg industry. They know it's unsafe, but are they out there warning customers? Of course not. And this wasn't funded by some consumer group, some anti-egg group, but by the American Egg Board itself. Research shows salmonella can survive in omelets and French toast as well. Even boiling eggs up to 8 minutes straight may be insufficient to eradicate the threat. Bottom line, if there are high enough titers of salmonella, no standard cooking method provides complete salmonella destruction. Fine, but what if you do boil all your eggs for 10 minutes? And if you incinerate them, buying eggs is not completely safe, and this is why. Before you reduce your eggs safely to ash, salmonella can get on your fingers, your kitchen utensils, and sometimes stays there even after washing. No one in their right mind would eat raw eggs these days, but you whip up a cake batter and salmonella can end up on your counter 40 centimeters away from the mixing bowl. And then it just sits there and could still potentially infect someone touching that kitchen surface a day later. So the day after you bake a cake all the way through, heck, you could burn the cake. And still, someone in our family could end up in the hospital grabbing an apple sitting on the counter.


Our MCSSM AP Calculus AB course is taught in the fall semester. In the five units, you will cover the entirety of the College Board's AP Calculus AB curriculum on limits, differentiation, and integration. You will walk away with a strong foundation in single variable calculus as you would see covered in a first semester College Calculus course. This is a traditional, rigorous, quick-paced, technology-rich course. It is intended for those who want to be challenged by mathematics and are prepared to work hard for the entire semester start to finish. You will need to bring to the table a solid background and knowledge of algebra, trigonometry, and precalculus as these topics will not be covered as you need those skills through this calculus course. Taught asynchronously, the units of study through which you will work consist of a combination of written lessons and lesson and example videos which have been made for you. There is a mandatory tutorial session one night a week as well as a mandatory residential weekend. Assuming you put in the time and effort, you will find this to be a very gratifying course and one that you will be proud to have completed. While this semester course will provide you with the background to sit for the AP Calculus AB exam in May, most of our students do continue on to the second semester AP Calculus BC course. If you have any questions about this course, please do reach out to us.


اللهم تعالى في محكم كتابه الكريم وقوله الحق وهو أصدق الصادقين أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن اسمه يوسبح له سوين يساعدون والله يذكرون سفوان محمد وآله محمد كتابه للمساعدة سيده ومولايا الإمام علي ابن الحسين ابن علي زينا العابدين ورسائد the 2nd صلوات كتابه للمساعدة سيدنا ومولانا المضلوم الشهيد الحسين ورسائد the 3rd صلوات والله يساعدون بها اللهم بأن أبدأ my lecture with ونجمي ورزدن اللهم سبحانه وتعالى يساعدون to elevate في which Allah has remembered an abundance in the morning and at the night this verse in chapter 24 verse 36 according to the grand mufessireen the grand scholars when this verse was revealed أبو بكر ابن أبو قحافة came to Rasool Allah and he said يا رسول الله which homes are those homes the homes that Allah decides to elevate Allah decides to uplift which homes are those homes that Allah has remembered an abundance during the day and during the night and Rasool Allah responded to him by stating تلك بيوت الأنبياء there are the homes and the residences of the prophets then the tradition state that he pointed at the door of Fatima and he said يا رسول الله أهاد البيت منهما is this home one of them رسول الله said بل هو من أفضلهما this home is not only one of them but is indeed the best of them إمام علي يبن الحسين ابن عليه زين العابدين also known as إمام السجاد is indeed a product of this home an upbringing an upbringing within this home within this residence not only people looked up to إمام السجاد or إمام زين العابدين because he was a product of this home but many of the companions of رسول الله awaited the birth of زين العابدين many of the companions of رسول الله awaited زين العابدين's movement his revivalist movement to uplift the spirits of the Muslim Ummah for one day tradition state that رسول الله was sitting and in his lap he was holding الإمام أبو عبد الله الحسين and جابر ابن عبد الله الأنصاري came when Jabir came and he sat next to the prophet رسول الله told him يا جابر اتعلموا من هذا يا جابر do you know who this child is so Jabir said فداح may I give myself to him of course I know him he is Hussein the son of Ali then رسول الله سد يا جابر سيولد له ولد الله will grant him a son يقال له زين العابدين his nickname is زين العابدين the beautifier of the worshippers the decorator of those who prostrate to Allah سبحانه وتعالى يقال له زين العابدين وسيد الساجدين إذا كان يوم القيامة when the day of judgment comes يقول الله من بطنان العرش الله will call from the عرش الله will call from the throne يقول الله من بطنان العرش أين زين العابدين where is زين العابدين and his son will rise and his son on that day will be given an honor like no other therefore many of the companions awaited the arrival of Imam زين العابدين as scholar a motivator that's going to reform and rejuvenate the Muslim Ummah and alongside Imam زين العابدين جاب ربن عبد الله الأنصاري who narrates the Hadith in regards to زين العابدين جاب ربن عبد الله who was one of the closest companions of Imam زين العابدين both hand in hand were able to spread the teachings of Imam زين العابدين and to spread the awareness and the aftermath of the tragedy of Imam زين العابدين and the tenth of Muharram on the sands of Karbala and the year 680 and that is why I have chosen to shed some light on the life of those two great personalities many of us we awfully hear of جاب ربن عبد الله we awfully hear that he was a companion of Rasool الله but we yet do not know the grand position of جاب ربن عبد الله and his role in the aftermath of Karbala جابر alongside his father عبد الله were the founders of the first and the second عقبة what is the first عقبة and what is the second عقبة when Rasool الله was a companion when Rasool الله decided to migrate from Makkah to Medina he began to build his community in Medina before his departure from Makkah so he appointed عبد الله الأنصاري جابر's father to go and take allegiance from the Muslim community in Medina for him and in the first عقبة عبد الله and his son جابر in the first عقبة they came and they met Rasool الله in a desert between Makkah and Medina alongside other 12 men and they brought Rasool الله allegiance some of them would represent 500 people some of them 100 people some of them will represent their families some of them will represent their tribes in the first عقبة 12 men alongside جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري and his father عبد الله gave allegiance to Rasool الله representing the people of Medina the following year in the second عقبة جابر and his father were able to bring 75 men representing different allegiances from the Muslim community in Medina and after the second عقبة when they gave their allegiance to Rasool الله 75 men representing all of Medina then Rasool الله decided that he's going to migrate from Makkah to Medina when he migrated from Makkah to Medina traditions say جابر dedicated his whole life to Rasool الله he never left Rasool الله never neglected Rasool الله history indicates that جابر was present in 18 battles and wars alongside Rasool الله and he transmits hundreds of traditions from Rasool الله صلى الله عليه وسلم he also he also transmits hadith for the believers he transmits hadith from فاطمة الزهراء he transmits hadith from إمام حسن إمام حسين علي يبن الحسين وإمام الباقر he transmits hadith from seven infallibles a position that no other companion has and amongst the most famous of the hadiths that he transmits سمعت فاطمة الزهراء عن جابر ابن عبد الله الأنصار أنه قال سمعت فاطمة الزهراء أنها قالت دخل علي أبي رسول الله في بعض الأيام فقال يا فاطمة أني أجد في بدني ضعفا فقلت يا أبتاه أعيدك بالله من الضعف فاطمة إتيني بالكساء اليماني فغطيني به فأتيته بالكساء اليماني فغطيته به وصرت أنظر إليه وإذا وجهه يتلأ لك الشمس في ليلة كماله وتمامه this is a hadith transmitted from جابر ابن عبد الله حديث الكساء جابر ابن عبد الله ومن أول사ا زيارة إمام حسين في عربعين ومن إمام حسين وقلت أبدا على صرافيه قلت إبقى معي عن أصوات أصوات قلت هو أصوات لمن ارغبوا بلأك أغزئوا أفرات ثلاثة الجنان of And see the traditions that he stated of those who do their Gussel from the Euphrates before the visit of Imam Hussein the magnificent Tawab and the reward And the Gussel from the Euphrates before the visit of Imam Hussein. So he did his Gussel Then he told him give me the best of my clothing جابر بن عبد الله could not see at that time وقته then he told him give me the best scent that you carry the best عطر that you carry the best perfume that you carry then he calmed his beard and he calmed his hair and then he told him呀 عطية let us take very small steps towards the grave of hossain so he told him why small steps aren't you ready to embrace the grave of hossain aren't you ready aren't you ever أقل أنا أن أرد مني حسابة حسين هستكلم أنه ليس ذلك but I heard his grandfather saying that for every step towards the shrine of Hussain Allah removes a 100,000 sins and Allah gives 100,000 positions and Allah writes a 100,000 Hajj and 100,000 عمره في كل مكان ، في كل مكان ، يأخذون في مجموعة حسين حسين لذا قلت لنا to make our steps smaller He every while would take some of the sand and he would smell the sand because he could not find the grave of Hussain There was no sign on the grave of Hussain until he reached a sand He picked up the sand and he realized this is the heavenly scent of Jannah This is the heavenly scent of Aba عبد الله الحسين So he said to him Oh Aqiyah let me go let go of me He threw himself on the soil of Hussain He threw himself on the grave of Hussain stating حبيبي حسين حبيبي حسين حبيبي حسين And then he said حبيبي حسين How can you respond to me when they have amputated your head from your body He sat next to the grave of Hussain crying then suddenly أطيع العوفي ستهم جابر I see a caravan coming So he جابر said Let us go and hide Maybe this caravan is from ابن زياد They went They were hiding until أطيع ستهم جابر يا عم يا جابر قم واستقبل سيدك ومولاك زين العابدين Stand up Stand up and your honor your mola زين العابدين So جابر stood up Waiting for Imam زين العابدين's arrival Imam زين العابدين arrived جابر wanted to tell him يبن رسول الله زين العابدين What happened here Tell me the story But زين العابدين Before جابر said anything He said عم يا جابر عم يا جابر هنا قدت رجالنا عم جابر Here is where our men were slaughtered عم يا جابر هنا سبيت نساءنا Here is where they took our women as captives هنا قدت لتأقفالنا جابر Here is where they killed our children And after that tradition stayed at Imam زين العابدين ordered جابر ابن عبد الله الأنصاري This great companion To become amongst the very first spokesmen Or very first individuals To give majalis For Aba عبد الله الحسين So جابر's role after that day Was to go from city to city Village to village And he would give sermons In regards to the tragedy of Aba عبد الله He would give lectures in regards To the tragedy of Imam حسين And because he was a transmitter Of hadith He would always begin his lectures By the following hadith سمعت رسول الله يقول أحب الله من أحب حسينها All the people I, Jabr ابن عبد الله Heard رسول الله state That Allah loves those Who love حسين Therefore جابر ابن عبد الله Had an extremely vital role In spreading awareness In the aftermath of عشرة The second personality is of course Imam زين العابدين Imam زين العابدين Of course his life needs to be examined In a different lecture In another lecture But I'll tell you Imam زين العابدين Was not just unique And the way he carried out The activities In the aftermath of عشرة But he has a personality that was unique A background that was also unique Also His mother was a Persian woman By the name of شهربانو شهربانو or شهزانان She was the daughter Of the last Persian king يزجرد And when ابن الحارث Went and he invaded And the Persian empire collapsed They took the daughters of يزجرد Three of them And they brought them to the Khalifa Of the time عمر ابن الخطاب So when they got those three girls They put them in front of عمر عمر said they are the best prisoners Of war Daughters of kings Imam أمير المؤمنين سترابني Said يا عمر Did you forget that Rasool الله Said those Who come from a family Of nobility Should not be humiliated By Islam We cannot humiliate people So he said يا أب الحسن What do you suggest He said I suggest that they marry From our community He said who shall they marry He said the first one Shall marry محمد ابن أبي بك The second one Will marry عبد الله Your son عبد الله ابن عمر And the third one Will marry حسين my son Imam أمير المؤمنين And this Because the Persian hearts Were filled with hatred towards Islam Imagine Your country is invaded Your empire is invaded Your king is taken His daughters are taken as captives أمير المؤمنين Said now that those guys invaded them They destroyed them At least let them see the bright side in Islam At least let them see that Islam Is not all about taking prisoners Killing people So he gave them To the most prestigious men In the Muslim empire And the second reason Why أمير المؤمنين did this Was because أمير المؤمنين Wanted to fight The notion of هجناء There was a notion known as هجين Was an Arab That had a mix in his blood And the most disliked mix In the Arab blood Was the Persian blood As in the Arabs disliked This notion of هجناء And they looked at the هجناء Those with mixed blood As slaves And as second class citizens أمير المؤمنين Here came And took three of the noble Amongst the Muslims And of course The most noble of them Being خسين ابن علي And he allowed him to mix His children's blood With the blood of the هجناء So that he can teach The Muslims the messages of equality And I don't have time To get into the details unfortunately أمام زيل العابدين Was 22 years old In the battle of كربلا And he saw The tragedies That he witnessed in كربلا And after his tragedies أمام زيل العابدين Decided to reform the Muslim community To rejuvenate the Muslim community And since we speak of أمام زيل العابدين أمام زيل العابدين Was born at 38th year after هجلاء And he died in the 95th year After هجلاء And in this time أمام زيل العابدين And of course a tradition states That أمام زيل العابدين Was either martored on the 25th of محرام Or the 12th of محرام So if we take the hadith That he was murdered on the 12th of محرام Or he became a martyr on the 12th of محرام Then we are In the days of أمام زيل العابدين And we're living the days Of the martyrdom of أمام زيل العابدين أمام زيل العابدين's life was divided To the following principles One أمام زيل العابدين Rejuvenated the Muslim Ummah Through the purchase of slaves An extremely wise tactic From أمام زيل العابدين Because أمام زيل العابدين Realized that the people of his time Their hearts have turned into rocks They sat on the chest of the grandson Of رسول الله They beheaded him So أمام زيل العابدين Would purchase slaves And he would teach them And he would guide them And he would have them Memorize the Qur'an And memorize the hadiths And more importantly He would send them As speakers Around the Muslim world Go and speak Of the فضائل Of my grandfather أمير المؤمنين Go and speak Of the tragedy Of my father حسين Go and speak Of the aftermath Of عاشراء And those slaves Were more eloquent Than any free man They would go And they would speak To the people They would return And sometimes أمام زيل العابدين Would tell them How was your impact? They say أبنى رسول الله Those people's hearts Have turned into rocks We cannot change them And أمام زيل العابدين Would tell them Do not waste time With the elders To go directly To the youth Do exactly What رسول الله Did He went to the youth He spoke to the youth And he impacted the youth And أمام زيل العابدين Was able to change The paradigm of the people Through his impact On the youth Second أمام حسين أمام زيل العابدين Cater to the spirituality Of the people With his صحيفة الصجادية With his مناجات With his دعاز دعاز دعاء أبو حمزة ثمالي دعاء جوشن الكبير أبو حمزة Says One day I went on a travel With زيل العابدين And I saw him at night In the last ركعة In the water He raised his hands for دعاء And he read that دعاء That today is known as دعاء أبو حمزة ثمالي Which you recite In one night We recited one night And the whole year أمام زيل العابدين Would recite this دعاء every night In his قنوت إلهي لا تعذبني بعقوبتك ولا تمكر بي في حيلتك من أين لي النجات يا رب ولا يستطاع إلا من عندك The beautiful supplications of زيل العابدين That's reformed And rejuvenated The lives of the Muslims And finally إمام زيل العابدين رسالة الحقوق The treaties of rights And I wish We had more time To speak of every one of them To dwell on them To explain them إمام زيل العابدين Speaks of fifty rights The right of Allah The right of رسول الله The right of the teachers The right of the scholar The right of your parents The right of your hands The right of your eyes Every rights That you can think of إمام زيل العابدين Speaks of their responsibility Towards us And our responsibility Towards them But by far The greatest Of the legacies Of إمام زيل العابدين Was his sermon In the palace of Yazid A companion of رسول الله By the name of ساعد الساعدي Narrates I was in Sham And I saw That there was a group Of people coming into Sham Some people were pouring Trash onto them Some people were Heading them with rocks Some people were celebrating Some were going to curse them So I said Who's in town? What's going on? Why is there celebration? They said The Khawarj have been Defeated by the Khalifa And they have taken their heads On top of spears And they brought them into Sham So he said I went to have a look And I saw That they do not look Like the Khawarj Heads on top of spears He said I looked closer And I realized That I know this man I went to him I said to him Are you from The Prajin of Al-Muhammad He said Yes indeed I am He said Are you one of The Talib He said Yes I am Who are you He said I am One of the companions One of the companions Of Rasool Allah What's occurred? He said to him They killed my father Hussain And those are the heads Of my father And his companions On top of the spears He said Is there anyone That I Is there anything That I can do Now right away He said He said to him Ya Sa'ad Go and bring me a cloth So Sa'ad Says I thought that the Imam Wanted to wear something Because he was cold He said When I brought the cloth He said Put the cloth between the chain And my neck From Karbala All the way here The chains have cut The neck of Zayn al-Abideen Then he said Sa'ad Go and pay the guys Carrying the head To go move forward To the front Not to be scattered He said He said Ya Sa'ad It's enough for the man To stare at my aunt Zayn It's enough for the man To look at the Haram of رسول الله The woman of رسول الله In the camp of رسول الله He said I saw them As they entered the palace Of Yazid الله أكبر He said As soon as Zayn al-Abideen Entered the palace Of Yazid He saw that Yazid الملعون Was drunk Carrying a stick Drinking alcohol And at times He would whip The lips of Aba Abdullah al-Huzad Imam Zayn al-Abideen Would see this Then he told him Ya Zayn al-Abideen Have you enjoyed What Allah has brought To your family Have you enjoyed The defeat That I gave To your father Hussain Imam Zayn al-Abideen Remained quiet All Imam Zayn al-Abideen Would say Is ya Yazid I'ldanli لكي أصعد على هذا هؤلاء الأعواد لكي أتكلم كلا من لله فيه رضا ولها أولاء الجلساء أمرا وثواب أو يزيد give me permission To go on top of those woods سهل not call it an imbar لأن اليمبرMusik أمر أن يساعد سهل call the imbar The woods سot me go on top of those woods سو that I would speak words ستحدث the minds of the people And guide them To the right path يزيد يزيد with keep on rejecting Imam Zayn al-Aabideen so they came to him they said to him يا أمير المؤمنين he's a young man and he's just been defeated he's seen his father murdered he's ill he cannot even stand give him permission he said no for you do not know the family in which this man comes from إنه من أهل بيت زق العلم زقا كبيرهم لا يقاس وصغيرهم جمرة لا تداس their elders and adults are incomparable to the rest of humanity and their youngsters are like calls of fire you would not be able to handle them Imam Zayn al-Aabideen kept on insisting until they allowed him to go on top of the member when he reached the member he said بسم الله والحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله حبيب الله خاتم الأنبياء والرسول أما بعد أيها الناس أعطينا ستا وفضلنا بسبع أعطينا الحلماء والحلماء والسماحة والفصاحة والشجاعة والمحبة في قلوب المؤمنين وفضلنا بأن من النبي المخطار ومن الكرار ومن أسد الله وأسد رسوله ومن الطيار ومن ناسم طا هذه الأمة ومن ناسيدة نساء العالمين ومن نام هدي هذه الأمة يا الناس نحن كنت بقوا وسكسن ونحن كنت بقوا سكسن ونحن كنت بقوا سكسن و مننا هو المساعدة أو المساعدة of the youth of paradise و مننا هو المساعدة فاقمه و مننا هو المهدي of this Ummah لذلك الذين تعرفونني لذلك لذلك الذين تعرفونني و لذلك الذين لا تعرفونني I shall tell you of who I am من عرفني فقد عرفني و من لم يعرفني اعرفه بحسبي و نسبي انا بنو مكتا و منا انا بنو زمدما و الصفا انا بنو من حملة على البراق إلى سدرة المنتهى انا بنو من صلا بملاقة السماء انا بنو من اوحى إليه الجليل ما اوحى انا بنو من دنا فتدلا فكان قابق و سيني أو ادنا ذاك جدي رسول الله I am the son of the man هو زأر بيت التذي سبن ثهبن I am the son of the man who sat on the back of the buraq I am the son of the man who read the congressional prayers with the heavenly angels I am the son of the man who met all the prophets in paradise I am the son of the seal of the messengers I am the son of the man who reached the closest proximity to Allah I am the son of the man who received the last revelation of Allah that is my grandfather رسول الله then what did he say he said انا بنو يعسوب المؤمنين وتاج البكائين وأصبر الصابرين وزينا العابدين باب علمي رسول الله بين تو حكمة الله والمشعرين وأب السمطين ذاك جدي علي يبن أبي طالب I am the son of the man هو فاتنكشت رسول الله with two swords and two spears I am the son of the man who went on both migrations I am the son of the man who gave both allegiances I am the son of the man who only worshipped and bowed to Allah I am the son of the man who did not commit shirk even for a blink of an eye I am the son of the line of Allah unleashed onto his enemies I am the son of the man who was merciful to the believers and a wrath from Allah to the non-believers I am the son of the man who is the gate to the knowledge of رسول الله I am the son of the man who is the gate to the city of wisdom of Allah the inheritor of the مشعرين the father of the سبطين that is my grandfather أمير المؤمنين علي يبن أبي طالب that he continued that he said أيها النا أنا بن نقيات الجيوب أنا بن عديمات العيوب أنا بن خير النساء أنا بن خديجة الكبراء أنا بن فاطمة الزهراء Oh people, I am the son of the best of women the most righteous of women the purest and most generous of women I am the son of خديجة الكبراء He is saying my mother is Fatima and Khadija has mother's hand I am the son of Fatima I am the son of Fatima تزهراء I am the son of Khadija الكبراء الله أكبر at this moment now everyone wants to know he is the grandson of Ali the grandson of رسول الله the grandson of Fatima but who is he exactly أس أيها الناس أنا بن المذبوح ظلمان بكربلا let us cry at the first Majlis for Imam Husayn شاتيرز with زير العبدين أيها الناس بكت علي الطير في السماء أيها الناس أنا بن المذبوح من القفا العمامة ورلم تصباه see next to the Euphrates are you taking as captives from a seat that said Oh Mu'addin go and call the Adhan The Mu'addin said but يا أمير المؤمنين يا أمير الفاسقين it is not time for Adhan he said we have to stop زين العبدين people were people had been crying people had been weeping not knowing that this was the grandson of رسول الله The Mu'addin then stated الله أكبر الله أكبر Imam زين العبدين said I witness that there is nothing greater than Allah The Mu'addin said I witness that there is no God besides Allah Imam زين العبدين said my entire existence is a witness that there is no God besides Allah Imam زين العبدين said زين العبدين تكافز عمامة he said Muhammad that you are calling your Adhan is your grandfather or my grandfather if you say that he is your grandfather then you are a liar and if you say he is my grandfather then why do you the tragedies of Imam زين العبدين continued and it continued and it continued until the last days of his life he was about to depart from the dunya he was witnessed by his companion أبو حمزة ثمالي أبو حمزة سستهم يبنى رسول الله كرب لأس so long ago why do you still cry he said yeah أبو حمزة don't tell me not to cry كل ما تذكرت فرار من خيمة إلى خيمة every time I remember the cries of my own tent to another alongside the orphans I would not be able to almighty every last moment Imam الباقر said I went to him I said to him يبنى رسول الله oh my dear father why is it that you're crying he said to him oh my son باقر in the last moments you're sitting next to my chest but on the 10th of Muharram do you know I was sitting on the chest of my father حزا أسألك اللهم وندعوك ونقسم عليك باسمك العظيم الأعظم الأعز الأجل الأكرم 10 times with the loudest of your voices brothers tonight as عشورة night the night of dua the night of supplication the night that we have spent all day with the remembrance of Imam Hussein especially those who have ill ones when they're in the call of Zayn al-Abideen when the name of Zayn al-Abideen is carried then we pray for those ill 10 times with the loudest of your voices يا الله of Hussein the father of Hussein the brother of Hussein and the mother of Hussein and the nine infallibles from the progeny of Hussein oh Allah our sins shower unto us from your forgiveness and parents our relatives those who have passed away from your مؤمنين and مؤمنات oh Allah shower unto their graves from your mercy and compassion millions of people go to visit the shrine of Hussein the shrine the grave of Zayn al-Abideen has no soul we ask you to liberate the graves of our imams from the ظالمين oh Allah we ask you to give us the visit of Zayn al-Abideen we ask you to give us the visit of his father Imam Hussein the parents of Mawlana صاحب الزمان every man every woman present in this majlis with a hajj give them their hajjat with an illness give them cure وإلى راح المؤمنين والمؤمنات الفاتحة مع الصلوات


Hey there friends, thanks for checking in at the range now on a cold and windy day Winds are 50 miles an hour right here, but is that going to stop me from making a shotgun video? No, and here we have a tri-star viper G2 check out that blue receiver. They make the same exact model with a red receiver But this one here is blue now I already floated this out there in the series one handgun one shotgun and one rifle, but now I want to do it Again, I want to talk about it again take a few shots and check it out a couple things about this shotgun It does have a polymer stock and forend that is rubber molded so it actually feels like a strong rubber and It has a nice feel on the cheek there. It does have a recoil pad there Skeletonized recoil pad very nice trigger cross bolt safety that is engaged because the shotgun is loaded It's a semi-automatic that will accept three inch loads I've got two and three-quarter inch loads right now with a modified choke. Now. This is a 30 inch barrel Vet rid the barrel that is chrome lined the chamber is chrome lined as well But check out that barrel made for sporting with a fiber optic front sight and these chokes are Benelli Beretta Chokes, so if you have those you can Use those with that shotgun although tri-star does give you a total of four chokes So I do appreciate that. I already mentioned five shells in the magazine tube It does come with a spacer in there you just take out this little plug and Remove that and you're good to go, but I do have those loads in here now about Ten yards away from those plates with a modified choke seven and a half shot High-velocity bird loads made by fuel and the bolt locks open after the last shot It's a nice shotgun. I like it We could see that it is unloaded there. I'm going to remove this choke The modified I like a modified choke shoot slugs with a modified choke all day long and It's a It's a good all-around choke The modified that that's actually my favorite, but I'm gonna put in here now a full choke All right now full means it chokes the pattern All right, that's what it means it chokes a pattern. It keeps a tighter pattern and You see those milk jugs over there? I'm gonna give myself the best chance To destroy these I'll go ahead and put one There's the bolt release right there And this is number four Remington express Bird loads every time I do a shotgun review People say well, let me go ahead and Engage the safety people say why did you use this load? You should have used this load. I Can only use what I have to use because I do a lot of shotgun reviews I try to and I Don't have everything at all times. I don't work at a gun store. I don't have access to every single Type of ammo or every single type of firearm, but right now I have access to this tri-star viper g2 with a 30 inch barrel and now we're about I'd say 14 yards away from those actually let's move up just a little bit Because I want to get a reaction. I like a reaction with milk jugs So let's see if this full choke with this Remington four-shot will do that. Let's start at the bottom with that. I Got what I wanted And whoa hang on here All right now the bull lock back I had six rounds in there and five milk jugs But I really think this shotgun performs nice the loading gate is smooth as can be Let me go ahead and drop that. It's as smooth as can be when Loading the shotgun and I do have my truck angled off here to cut off on some of the wind and Let me go ahead and Do a Well, that's a choke. I can't load that now. Can I I'll take some shots and you can check it out from this Perspective and there we go now a couple weeks ago. I showed you the tri-star Cobra 3 marine model that had an 18 and a half inch barrel. This has a 30 inch barrel With a blue receiver Very nice. I like the red one too But it's a nice shotgun it Performed very nice not too hard on the shoulder for a gas operated semi-auto shotgun And I have to say with the rubber molded stock. It feels really comfortable and I like this And if you're into sports and competition 30 inch barrel chrome lined This would be a pretty good choice And I have to say I sure didn't have fun with this review If you like videos like this, please subscribe and share. I always appreciate thumbs up button Thanks for watching and you guys be safe


It's just amazing the way Nicolay College was able to really embrace me for who I am and not my age or who I was. I believe that it's important for people who struggle with making positive choices in their lives and thinking that they're not good enough and that they're not okay to know that they are good enough and they are okay and expanding your knowledge and starting your education for that matter because in the end you are who matters to you, not anybody else. My name is Kimberly soldier. I am the state ambassador for Nicolay College.