I just didn't want you to see me like that, man. I want you to see me laugh and having a good time partying, cracking. Damn it, fine. I just didn't want you to see me like that. How far what took you? A lot of people were waiting for dates, but to be honest with you, I just didn't want you to see me like that, man. I want you to see me laugh and having a good time partying, cracking. Damn it, fine. I just didn't want you to see me like that. How far what took you? far you know I just want you to see man you know it's still that's Jamie man you know I'm saying he's still he back that's all that really matter man and if you watch the show you already know news you can use man I told you man we was over here we was praying for Jamie by faith by faith you know what I mean the elders gave a good report you know I mean this is what I'm telling you man Jamie Fox a pillar in the a staple in the community Terrell Texas original went down there prayed for him went on Bradshaw aka Jamie Fox Avenue and just pretty much the tapped-in man with people in his loved ones man and when he was down and out we was praying for him you know boss taught 101 I always supported Jamie Fox and I always show love and and I'm a big fan before the show even started met him in Terrell Texas actually seen him in Terrell Texas really hadn't seen him since but just to see him in his element of saying hey man I'm doing better now you know you know I didn't want y'all to see me like that you know you get it man Jamie Fox is one of those guys who you know he means so much to our people and what the gift is guy he's something else he says sister and when I was listening to it he says sister and his daughter saved his life now we don't know if it was a thing where he was down and out so far that they could unplug the machines we don't know but we do know that something happened and he's not really giving us full details on what happened but he's saying I'm okay now and that's all it really matter and I respect the fact of how him and his family kept it quiet sometimes you don't want everybody understanding and knowing what's going on which is sometimes you don't want to be seen like that and these pictures come up I have people sending me pictures all the time with people after they passed away their their casket pictures all counter stuff people called me from funeral homes trying to explain these stories to me I think in the world we live in today's society people are going to do that people are going to clone and you were cloned and they got a look alike side here they playing games a lot of people played games with this I seen people and I didn't I didn't you know capitalize on it but I seen people pretty much just posting stuff from his old pictures just to get views and follows and clicks and adding more really more they add more confusion to it you know what I mean so I put out a video saying man hey you know kudos to Jamie he's gonna be all right his grandmother tally you know what I mean prayed long time ago for him he's still living off his grandma tally's prayers from way back in the gap I'm still living off Linda Kay's prayers from way back in the gap my mother who passed away prayed for me had a praying mama had a praying grandma I'm still living off a joy phase prayers you know at the end of the day I had praying family people who prayed for me and I believe those prayers still last on even all the way back to A&D so I understand that our ancestors and the way we came up it really really means something so for him to be back in and saying I'm ready to come out now you're gonna see me walking around a little bit more you know he like to say he unfolded this really to me perfectly when it comes down to hey man I don't have to tell you everything we live in a world today where people get frustrated they even said that he was dead a lot of people alluded to the fact that he was dead already he been dead for months I heard all kind of stories so at the end of the day I just know that I'm happy that Jamie's back that he's dropping you know short clips to say hey man three-minute clip that's I mean it was a it was a good rollout I mean I respected I understand that people want their privacy in a world that don't want you to have privacy now you got to understand I'm a believer in God so when I seen him come back you know in my mind and in my heart and in my spirit I feel like my prayer help caddy that alone and along with all his other fans I'm pretty sure but Jamie Fox man we can't can't see James finally he said his eyes was back right he played the game with his eyes in in the video and Jamie is letting you know this really me now and then he got a little teared up but like I said man over time after we go through so much as men we don't get a chance to cry people look at us weird when we cry I was happy to see Steve Harvey five six years ago come out issue they crying everywhere you know I'm saying so I'm happy to see what a man opens up and say you know what man I don't care what the world think about me I'm gonna be who I am I'm not gonna sit here and try to put up no blinders to trick you into thinking that I don't have the issues stuff don't hit me in my heart sometime and I can't handle it so Jamie man you guys man y'all got in the comments last time talked about Jamie man if you down with the fact that Jamie did the right thing in the way that he launched this thing out the way the family kept it private give me comments and say yeah yeah sure this you know what I mean man we said we wanted to see Jamie get well I appreciate all the people follow ball start 101 for getting behind that movement but man just to see Jamie back is hard man I love it bro like yeah a lot of people praying for him I just his peers are Steve Harvey I seen Tank I seen the other girl well all of the people man when it was on the walk on Martin all these people man people don't want to see people fail man even though the devil want to kill you and take you out and divide and conquer people want to see you win so when I see these guys stepping up to the plate and saying man get well soon you know I love it bro when I see a lot of this stuff that throws all type of monkey gritches in the game that throws me off too but that's life man just learn to love man love your loved one Jamie Fox could have been dead and out of here sleeping in his grave as the old folks would say but he's here and I thank God that he made it through I love the fact of how he showed up and showed us that you know it's still love and he was genuine in his heart I believe from the video that he let us in a little bit on but again he didn't give us all the details on I know you would like to hear all the details man Jamie had a stroke man Jamie has poison put in and by puff daddy it was all kind of stuff out here I heard all kind of stuff man yeah they poisoned him because he found out what was going on with all type of stuff with that man come on bro yeah I mean this world is crazy man sometimes you just want to put yourself on down cut it off and go back to the way it used to be in a way to worry not you know we love the technology but to where you can just get some rest I believe Jamie Fox just got some rest some real rest I'm really jealous of this dude because he does got some rest man like he wasn't answering no phones he wasn't talking to nobody he was privately man I'm jealous that's what I everybody I don't want to put the sickness that he had but just the peace for just a little while y'all know that God talks about a piece that surpass our knowledge and understanding bro this this was peaceful for him I'm pretty sure cut the phone off turn the damn cameras off I'm sick of it you know what I'm saying that this this is life though we we got to figure it out throw it ain't no way around it man all I'm saying is shout out to Jamie I gotta let throw it off for a second right down but anyway shout out to Jamie for figuring it out man for getting back up safe to start working some more y'all be looking for Jamie because Jamie ain't going nowhere not right now anyway man and shout out to his family and shout out to all the people down the interior that's rooting for Jamie because don't don't forget you can't never forget where you come from he had a thing on the show he always mentioned her I don't see him do it as much right now because he's not in sitcoms anymore but in his heart he knows where he's from and he knows what he's attached to and boy some it's some deep southern roots of prayers for that boy y'all can't even really understand on another level y'all and folks down have been through some believe me so I went down to his house I went down and checked on everything make sure it was clicking and ticking down there and it was people still love Jamie everywhere but it starts at the roots check it man hey man listen man I think that's about it I just want to talk about Jamie a little bit I'm back because I've been gone you know I said I'd stop doing this news you can use but when I seen Jamie came back he didn't motivate me I'm back now so hey man be looking out for us man we're gonna be doing new news you can use I know you've been watching the video I know you've been checking on the channel man keep on watching boss talk 101 sharing like and subscribe and make sure you share it because YouTube's definitely ain't sharing they ain't sharing they care though this algorithm sometimes but thank God for even having a platform man check it man hey man I think that's it news you can use I think that's about it


Lake of the Woods County has been chosen as the site of the 2019 World Plowing Competition. Executive Director of Lake of the Woods Tourism, Joe Henry, says it's an honor for Minnesota and for the Bedette and surrounding area to represent the U.S. to such a diverse and international group of visitors. The event will take place August 30th and 31st of 2019. It's anticipated large crowds will attend the competition, some coming from across the world, others driving from the Midwest or from Canada. The World Plowing Organization has reached dating back to 1954. The World Competition has held in a different country each year. With this year's event in Kenya, the 2018 event is in Germany, again the 2019 event up in Lake of the Woods. I actually looked that up a little bit to get some background. It all started in 1931. One farmer said, I'm the best plower in all of the land and another farmer from another country said, no, I'm the best plower from all of the land. They had a competition and it was off. Well, you had to figure it out with somebody. Here we are now. All over Kenya, Germany and now Lake of the Woods. That's really neat. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


In this presentation, we will take a look at the calculation for federal unemployment tax or FUTA. We're here on our payroll register where we have our two employees, we have the regular pay, we have the total earnings, and now we're looking for the FUTA earnings and we want to make sure that we know the difference between the total earnings and the different types of earnings that we could have or the different adjustments to earnings in order to use them to calculate our taxes. For example, the FIT may differ if there's a cafeteria plan. For example, the OASDI or Social Security has this cap on it. So if anybody is over that amount, then it will differ from the total earnings and the Medicare and Social Security could differ if there's something like a cafeteria plan on it as well. FIT could differ if there's a retirement plan as well as a cafeteria. The FUTA wages will differ when we have this cap


In this video, we present the solution to question number two for practice exam number four for math 1210, in which case we're asked to compute the limit of as x approaches zero of e to the x minus one over x. So my temptation is that as the functions continuous, I just want to plug in x equals zero, we're going to get e to the zero minus one over zero, which e to the zero is one. So you get one minus one, which is zero. So we get zero over zero, which the fact that we get zero over zero means that I want to use L'Hopital's rule to help me out here. So I'm going to kind of erase this right here, and then try this again. So by L'Hopital's rule, if I take the derivative of the top and the bottom, right, we take the derivative e to the x minus one, we'll just give me e to the x. If you take the derivative of x, you're just going to get a one. So we take the limit as x approaches zero in this situation, we can plug in x equals zero, we get e to the zero, which is equal to one. And so by L'Hopital's rule, we see that the correct answer will be c number one.


We are a not-for-profit police support organization that's housed and our headquarters building is in Alexandria, Virginia, in the United States of America, and we are an international association with some 20,000 members worldwide in over 100 countries. And our goal and our objectives are to provide the best training possible for police leaders and to develop what we call best practices, model policies for police officers as they go about doing the job of policing. One of the things that we're obviously most focused on is trying to focus on those countries around the world that are emerging in terms of the rule of law, and we want to make sure that we give them the opportunity to see how other countries that have advanced are also working on trying to make sure we keep our citizens safe. The challenges that we all face in terms of trying to make sure that we keep the citizens of our countries safe are the same, one, making sure that the fundamental human rights are adhered to. So there are issues that every nation is dealing with in terms of cybercrime is a major concern that we all have with the explosion of the internet, that's a huge concern. There's also a concern about, unfortunately, we still have people trafficking in human beings which is a huge concern in every nation, whether you call it human slavery or you just call it human trafficking, the fact of the matter is that there are people being victimized and used for the profits and gains of other people and that's a common problem that we have across borders. And perhaps the one that just continues to linger on is the war, and I don't want to call it a war, but what we have called in years gone by the war on drugs, it continues. And because of the impact that drugs have on various communities around the world, we continue to focus on doing what we can as the International Association to bring about collaboration with various agencies that like the Interpol to see if we can bring some best practices to bear and then share what we know with other countries around the world. Interpol and the IACP, I think we have the same objectives in mind. Now Interpol is an operational entity whereas the International Chiefs of Police Association is a support organization, but I think we can support each mission given the fact that we're focused on law enforcement worldwide. And one of the examples of that is the idea of cyber crime, which is something the International Association Chiefs of Police have been working on with the FBI, with our Homeland Security agencies in the United States, and with other entities across the world. And so has Interpol. And what we've learned is that we can learn from each other. The advances that have made, the conferences that are put on by Interpol that we can go in, collaborate on what the best practices are, take that information, that shared information from one, whether it's a conference or whether it's a meeting, we can take the information, take it back, share it with other nations, bring in various speakers from Interpol to our conferences, do the same thing in terms of bringing our expertise to Interpol. And basically the winner in that exchange of information are those agencies, those countries that are engaged and involved with both associations. I've been just excited about the opportunities to meet with the Secretary General, Ron Noble, and talk about some perspectives on information sharing on a worldwide basis, cyber crime, and then what other aspects of collaboration can we forge from the discussions that we're having right now. And I'm really excited about the prospects of Interpol and the IACP really working together to do some things that are going to be, I think, helpful to the law enforcement community around the world, particularly when it comes to cyber crime.


Welcome to Hawaii, the state of clean energy. I'm your host, Mithuan. Our underwriter is the Hawaii Energy Policy Forum, and that's a program of the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute. I'm very pleased to welcome our guest today, Toby Kincaid, who I've known for what, 30 years. Toby, at least. I think it has been, yes. Yeah, so Toby's a pioneer in the solar industry, and most recently, he's an electric vehicle charging systems visionary. We're going to be talking a lot during this session about EV charging. So we're actually going to talk about a story about a million miles of electric vehicle mobility, and how do we get there a million miles? That sounds like a huge number, but we're going to also, the tagline is driving on sunshine. So, Toby, welcome back to the show. Thank you. Aloha, Commander. Thanks for having me. You're going to unravel all the mysteries of how do we get to a million miles of EV running off of solar power from a parking lot? Yes, absolutely. You wouldn't think solar energy could push a car, but it sure can. And as we all know, we're in really big trouble. Our world is burning up, and we've got to move fast. And the concern is, what can we do to move this all along? How do we change 300 years of fossil fuels and 120 years of petrol into clean energy, water-based fuels, clean electricity? That's the question. How are we actually going to do it? So let's look at our options we have right now for electric vehicle charging. Excellent. What I did is I put together five solutions, five options. And the first one is kind of what everyone has been doing, and that is level two charging. So the idea is you take solar, you put it onto the grid, which we'll talk about. That's a little problematic, but we put it on the grid and then we can bring it to the parking lot and run a level two charger. Level two is about seven kilowatts. OK, that's my question. I was going to say, what does level two need? Right. So there's three levels, one, two, and three. Three is called DC fast charge, and they're all different power rating. Level one is residential, and that's where you plug in your 120-volt wall socket to charge your car. It takes a while. Level two is faster. You get to seven kilowatts or nowadays up to 19, but typically it's around seven. And that'll give you about 25 miles per hour as a charging rate. And then there's the DC fast charge. And DC fast charge uses a lot of power to push as much power into the battery to charge it as fast as possible. Now, that's a human idea. Batteries don't like to be pushed, but we don't really care about batteries. They work for us, right? So we push them hard. So are there any degradation issues when you're fast charging like that? Absolutely. It's the least efficient way to do it. And in fact, some of the cars, if the battery is too cold, it won't accept the DC fast charge. So you have to yo-yo, which is they accelerate and decelerate, accelerate and decelerate to kind of warm the battery up. So batteries are very finicky. And when you wanna run large loads, well, you get into kind of a kettle of fish, but we can work with it. And normally in our discussions, we talk about transportation. We talk about aviation and different sectors, the marine and all the ground transport that we need to do. But today, I thought perhaps we could just focus on the light duty vehicles, which would be cars and light pickup trucks. And in that regard, batteries are very popular. Elon Musk in the last 10 years has kind of driven people this direction. Well, but we'll talk a little bit about some of the challenges that are actually involved, but basically to do clean energy for transportation as far as cars and light trucks and others, but there's five basic solutions. So if you throw those up, we kind of go through, you have option number one. And option number one's been around a long time. It uses the grid and you're gonna deliver electricity to the parking lot where you have your level two dispensers. Okay, that's fine. Because level two isn't a lot of power, there's really no grid upgrades required typically. So this has been the case for 10 years. But now we look at section two, the second choice, which is kind of an extension of one. This time instead of level two, everyone wants to do DC fast charge, which is a huge amount of power. A house is about five kilowatts. So level two at seven, a little more than everything turned on in a house, not bad. But when you get to DC fast charge, you're talking about now it's popular as 150 kilowatts. So that's- Really? Yeah, that's 30 houses of material. Wow. Of power capacity that you need. And now they're pushing for the 350 kilowatts. So we're talking about 70 houses of capacity to charge one vehicle. This is getting a little bit tough. What the real rub is that everything we talked about, this first solution with level two and the second solution with DC fast charge is all in real time. So if you want to use the grid, the grid has to power it, and you've got to pull from the grid whenever time you want to do it. This becomes a problem because grid upgrades, when you really scale up, if you're talking about a car, nobody really has any mind of how hard it is to charge. But if you talk about a thousand cars or a million cars or 10 million cars, oh, the numbers go right out the roof. So for example, in California, they're anticipating 12 million new battery cars on the road by 2030.  So that means before a station and before electricity, you're gonna put out 50,000 million just to get the grid ready. So this kind of highlights a little bit of a problem. The grid was never intended for transportation loads. It was never designed for that. So now we're gonna go back and we're gonna kind of fiddle with it and add a lot of capacity hodgepodge. Very, very expensive, very, very fast. So when we talk about loads, if you did 150 kilowatt DC fast charge and you had 10 of them, because you wanna charge 10 vehicles at once, now you're dealing about 1 1⁄2 megawatts of load and 1 1⁄2 megawatts, you're probably gonna need a grid upgrade to get that to a parking lot. Well, that's not really a quick for that. So option one and option two, this is the way the world is going now. But my concern is you're just in for a lot of trouble if that's the only way you wanna do it. So now let's consider the stuff you do. Let's think about real solutions that we actually can scale. And so the third option is what you do on the big island, which I admire very much because what you have is a direct, clean hydrogen fueling system. So you're converting sunlight and water into public transit, that's pretty good. And what I love about what you're doing is you could pick your station up, you could take it to anywhere in the Pacific Rim, you could drop it in the Guam or Fiji or the Marshalls, you could drop it anywhere and provide clean transportation for these big heavy vehicles, which batteries are really ill-suited to do. Another thing I like about number three, your system, is we could also pick it up and put it down on any farm in the United States. And you would deal with the biggest cost of agriculture, which is fuel. The second cost is fertilizer, which if you had green hydrogen, you could actually, there are technologies where you could farmers could actually make their own fertilizer. We'll get to that later. And then there's a feed and all the other costs that come in the farming. But the issue is fuel and how you're gonna get it. And right now, the entire world is really still based on fossil fuel. And we use more now than we used ever before. So we're not really going the right direction.  Now six and a half years to change a couple of centuries of behavior is gonna take, I think, some intention and urgency. So your option number three, wonderful. And then we go back to that list. If you look at number four, another way you can do it, and by the way, I should say that the grid is optional in your number three because you could use renewables that you put directly. But I love the fact that you designed it as a grid tie as well because it's a teaching power plant. Now you could use other people's excess renewable energy to make clean hydrogen. So number three, brilliant, really ought to do it. Now, option four, option four is being developed by EV4 in Oregon, Hans Vandermeer. And what he's doing is he's putting a fuel cell stack into a hydrogen station. And the idea here is now you can use your clean hydrogen to run the fuel cell stack to power a DC fast charge. So instead of that 350 kilowatts being pulled directly from the grid in real time, which we'll get to, which is a problem, now you have it continuously. So you can make the power yourself in using number four and fuel any kind of vehicle. So I think the foundation you made on three and then the hydrogen and DC fast charge in bodyment in four, wonderful. But in all of that, there's another option. And this option has been known for a long time or been known for a while. There have been people developing it. And that is a solar charger in a parking lot. At first glance, you'd say, oh, come on, what does that mean? And it reminds me of an old joke that they interviewed Dillinger and they said, why do you rob banks? He goes, well, that's where the money is. You know, why would you put a solar charger in a parking lot? Well, that's where the cars are. So in California, everybody's going DC fast charge because they're running around, everyone's late and they wanna mimic what a gasoline car can do. But it occurs to me that there is a use case for people who just park, you're going to the dentist or the doctors or you're gonna teach a class or take a class, you park. And in the parking lot, if we had solar chargers there, when I ran the numbers, I was actually astonished at how productive this would be. So you're gonna tell us how we can get to this million miles because it sounds like such a huge number. How could that possibly be true? Exactly, I mean, imagine that. So, but before I tell you, let me set the scene. So if you pull the next slide. Now, these are the challenges. Now, this is a list of what's difficult about charging batteries in cars. And this is a list I would dare that Elon Musk perhaps does not talk about it parties. In fact, a lot of people don't wanna talk about this because it's kind of the rub. It's kind of the tough part. And let's start with the beginning. If we want, we have to decarbonize. And I love the fact that you've made this point many times that the battle isn't between batteries and fuel cells, the battle is between what we're gonna do to not use gasoline and carbon because we're clearly killing the world. I mean, that's clear now. So we've got to be able to do this in very quick order. So how are we gonna do that? Now, these problems are big. The first one is materials. You know, we just don't have six Earths. So the fact that Cobalt and lithium and these up manganese and all of these materials are not really readily available for the enormous amount of batteries you would need to just do cars. There's a billion and a half cars in the world. And we're making a few million electric cars and everyone's kind of being a little bit pacified like, oh, that's an answer. Well, no, maybe in 50 years you could get there but we have six. So the first one, we don't have materials. The second big one we've touched on and that is if you wanna fast charge these cars, these batteries, you need a lot of power. It's a brute force business. So to push that power in, well, you're talking about a lot of grid upgrades like California is looking at 50 billion. And we're all spending a lot of money. A lot of money for clean energy is actually going to the utilities because everyone in this model says, well, you've got to expand the capability but it's gonna be a challenge when you're talking about a lot of cars. Then you get to the kind of the third issue and that is it's real time. So it's unscheduled. So with unscheduled loads, you're asking the grid operator and I mean, we're talking about loads, 70 houses for a one vehicle. And when you get to the pick to the large freight liner trucks talking about one and a half megawatts. Wow. That's 300 houses in capacity to charge one vehicle. That's like a whole subdivision. It literally is. And that's not cheap, especially when you wanna do two million freight lining trucks. And that's just one truck. That's one truck. So to do two million, it's just not gonna happen. In my concern, people wanna do battery cars. Do whatever you can, but let's just be clear on what it is and what it isn't. So we get to now the next problem. And that is the battery car is only as clean as the charging source. So if you have toxic sources of electricity on the grid, you haven't done as much as we want. And what would you do? The life cycle analysis of battery car after you do the whole life is maybe a third better than just burning fossil fuels directly. So it's a marginal improvement, not going to save the world. Let's find out how we can do that. So the next issue on that list of seven big problems is then how do you scale it? The grid is, we're already seeing brownouts in California with 2% of the cars being electric. You get the train. Or don't run your air conditioning for the next three days. Yeah, it's gonna be tough under these. We are in the advisory right here now. And you walk out my door and you'll smell smoke in the air. We're literally burning up here folks. So the idea that you're going to, well, we want to move very quickly to do this, but let's just go back to these other problems. And these are now mounting up. The next one is capacity mismatch. Now capacity mismatch is a big deal because nobody in batteries ever talks about it. But if you want to solar power a car, it has to be connected. It's a simple thing. The capacity factor is really just how available is a resource in 24 hours. Well, the sun is up, but it goes down at night. So it's not 24 hours, but we want 24 hours. So this kind of capacity factor mismatch is really a big deal. Everyone assumes, oh, we can just power cars with solar through the grid, done, easy, what's to it? Devils in the details, gotta be connected and cars are usually connected about 15% of the time. So now the grid operator has to figure out, okay, with sex and solar, what do I do with it? So it's really a quagmire. And then number seven, which is long fueling time. For a car, it's four or five minutes. For a hydrogen, it's four or five minutes. But if you're going with the battery and you're gonna do the level two, which I would argue is okay if you're parking for a while, no problem. But if a lot of people wanna do the DC fast charge, wow, you're talking about really huge loads, like three times our grid, where are we gonna, maybe this might not be the best way to do all of transportation. So maybe we should focus on what it's really pretty good at, which would be level two charging for cars would be fine. And that's near. So what do we got next? What's the next one? 100%. Now we can answer your question. How would we do this? Let's say in Hawaii, on Oahu, there's 900,000 registered cars. And I mentioned that to you and you said, well, most of the part of those are rental cars, which is a good point because they're not gonna have as quite as many miles as a commuter using every day. So I couldn't really find how many miles are driven on Oahu, but I did do a calculation that 900,000 cars is four and a half square miles of space. So there's that. Now, I looked up on Oahu and about 85% of the energy drawn for the whole state is in Oahu. Lots going on in Oahu, the joint base, lots of responsibility, lots of logistics. You're the only real land for 2,300 miles, any direction. It's a hub, it's vital. So everyone has to move around. And when you look at Oahu through Google Maps, and if you could do a time lapse, you'd see all the cars moving all around all day, and billions of miles are driven every year on Oahu. So that gives us a sense that to do the world, it's not just sunshine and rainbows. We have to really roll up our sleeves and decide how are we really gonna do this and get it done. So what I was amazed at is when I ran the numbers on this, and by the way, the sketch I'm doing is inspired by EV4, they have this design for solar canopies, just beautiful, very robust. In fact, I'd say those are the four R's. You need robust, resilience, reliability, and it has to be ready. So when we look at what this would mean, let me get to now the numbers that would justify my enthusiasm. What we did is we, you take a five kilowatt array, a solar array, just five kilowatts. And the numbers I'm gonna show you are in Portland. For solar, it's actually for the resource, you kind of define the peak hours for any location, and that tells you how much sunlight you're gonna get. In Portland, it's about four hours or less in the tropics. I think it's five and a half hours of peak sun. So with that, we can calculate how much energy we can create. So five kilowatts times four hours, 20 kilowatt hours. If we can deliver into the batteries, level two charging, so it's not fast, this is a parking lot, plug it in, just plug and charge, easy to use, you're gonna put in over the course of the day, 20 kilowatt hours of energy. Well, a small vehicle can get up to four miles per kilowatt hour. So in effect, one machine in one parking lot that by the way has a footprint of two armfuls of dirt, not a big space, you have this beautiful canopy, and then you have the battery storage so that if you're not plugged in, it's still gonna collect the energy. That's the, that capacity factor solution. And here you have 80 miles a day of mobility, 100% clean, not in 2050, not in 2045, not in 2030, today, now, well, as soon as you put it in. And so what's amazing for using this technology is that you can put these in parking lots and at 80 miles a day, what astounding is that the productivity of this little machine can be 2,400 miles a month. That's 80 times 30, day in, day out. These things, the solar photo takes work for 30 years. The device is 30 years. This is an extraordinary capability. So here you have 2,400 miles from a charger standalone, it's not connected to anything, and you can put it on any forgotten parking lot anywhere. But here's the magic, it's in aggregate. If you put 400 of these out without, you wouldn't, it wouldn't even notice it. They'll be in the parking lots, there's no new land. You would produce a million miles a month of 100% clean mobility. And that's staggering because what would it cost to do a million dollars a month in any other method? A lot, that can tell you the solar charges will be less. So it's an extraordinary capability. So can we go back to your 100% slide and look at the advantages here? Yes, okay. So here's Hawaii, you're in the middle of the ocean, gasoline has to be made somewhere and produced and brought to you and then you burn it. But if you have these, if you have these when you have no fuel costs, that's good. There's zero emissions. So there's no impact of soil, water, air or biology. There's no grid costs. There's no electric bill, you're not touching the grid. There's no grid surveys or interconnection agreements you have to negotiate. All of these things, see, whenever you touch a grid or take power from a grid, it's actually really involved. There's a lot of fees, a lot of expense, big equipment. And so for these little chargers, if you just don't do that, you get tremendous advantages. They're very easy to use. There's no new land. You know, often when people talk about Hawaii, they say, well, it's so small, you're not gonna really put in very much photovoltaics on the island. I kind of say, have you really looked? Because if you look at the area of the parking lots or the building tops, you don't need any new land. You just need to better use the land you're using. So the thing about a parking lot is it's all paved. It's easy to install. Yeah, I can drive the trucks in. It's, you know, you're not going through a field to put up an array somewhere out in the bush. No, it's right there. And that's where the cars are coming. So it's really kind of wonderful. And this is a machine that has no moving parts. It's solid state. There's no, there's nothing moving in the whole thing. So it's just electrons moving back and forth and charging batteries and going into your car. So it's remarkable. It's silent running. There's no sound. That's kind of nice. It's high as a higher efficiency in terms of the actual charging compared to DC fast charge because it's slow and gentle, which is what batteries like. And if you're parked for an hour or two, why not? Why not take the charge? And then I also looked up, I'm sorry, I'm just rattling on and on. That's okay, so far so good. Okay, I looked up what's the average commute on Oahu. And the only number I could really get was 6.6 miles. And I wasn't sure if that was one way or round trip.  So it's a really practical way where people, just average people, not in a rush that they have to have DC fast charge because they've got to get there.  If you plan a little bit, just use the parking lot where you're going. And level two, which is 96% of the ports in Hawaii now are all level two, because DC fast charge is so difficult and expensive that it's really hard to expand it. So instead of putting a few stations in per year or a dozen per year, you're never gonna get there. So this is a method that just astonishes me on how practical, how direct, and how beautiful. You know, when we drive by them, there are a few around here and I always smile when I see them because they just look nice. Let alone how productive they are. And I think people should be emboldened and encouraged to say, hey, beautiful architecture, beautiful structure, I'm getting charged from the sun. The sun was just gonna fall in the parking lot and heat up this asphalt anyway. And then I have these more energy to run the AC because it's heat islanding. So this is all very straightforward. And the thing that is most important to me is it's something that we could do now pretty fast. There's really no supply chain issue for solar. There's plenty of solar panels and the materials to make these arches and things and pretty straightforward. Also on the batteries, we don't have to use cobalt, which has of course all those terrible child abuse and Congo and slavery issues. And we're all guilty because we have them in our smartphone. But if we could get away from that, what's really nice is you guys and why I could say, you know, we're gonna use lithium ion phosphate or some other type of battery, which doesn't have the materials that are causing these such social issues. So, so many problems. So when I ran these numbers, I was just astounded that we're talking about for just 400 machines, which in parking lots you wouldn't notice, maybe three or four in each one. I mean, you'd notice them because they're beautiful, but you wouldn't have to compete with them and they would shade you from the sun or the rain. That's not bad. So there's really no downside to the whole thing. And I thought, oh, this is really good. How do we get to a million miles? Well, all you need is 400 stations of these in the parking lot and each is doing 2400, which will be more in Hawaii because you have much more sun. So that gets you to a million. Now, here's the thing that astounds me. Okay, no, no, let's go to that picture, the new one, the old and the new, great. Right. Okay, so let's look at the old.  And then on top of all of that, 70% of the energy goes out the tailpipe. No, this is not an intelligent system. Folks, come on, we can't do this anymore. It's ridiculous times two. Now, look at the bottom of that picture. Here's a solar charger in a parking lot, charging up. Now, 400 of these on Oahu, now this is what really wins, delivers that million miles. So if you had a car that's 35 miles an hour or 35 miles per gallon, say, divide the million by 35 and you'll get something like 28,500 gallons of gas. Each month doesn't need to be made or brought to Hawaii.  Because remember, and this is what's so hard, one gallon of gas produces 18 pounds of air pollution. Now, air pollution is a gas mostly, some particulates, it's mostly gas. Gas is the way very much. So if you do 18 pounds per gallon, hey, that's a lot of junk. So 28,500 gallons, that's 513,000 pounds, half a million pounds of pollution per month. Not there anymore. Just on that, you ought to do this. So I've been in Honolulu and not since the pandemic, but you got some parking lots outside of downtown on Cook Street, these, towards the water, there's some big parking lots. Usually parking lots in Hawaii are kind of small because we're a little place, but you have some big parking lots too. And in those parking lots, they're just bathed in sunlight and it's just baking in the sun. I'm just like, oh, come on, yeah. So there is good news here. We can be practical, we can be self-reliant. And more importantly, what it really does is shows us there's a common denominator that all of the world isn't so different. We all need electricity and we all need fuel. So that's what I really admire about your system is that it recognizes that and says, hey, with the same fueling station you have on the big island, you can run buses, you can run dump trucks, garbage trucks, combines, tractors, anything medium and heavy duty, piece of cake for you. Hydrogen can do that. And you make it in a way that's clean. It's just like the rest of the world has to kind of, come on, there's eight billion souls on board Spaceship Earth. Eight billion souls aboard. That means if we want to feed people, they need three meals a day. Eight times three, that's 24 billion meals a day, which is what, a billion meals an hour? That's what we expect the earth to do for now on. Well, we want to cut them back the two meals a day. Well, we'll have to do something because we're losing a million trees an hour. That's astounding. Wow, are you kidding? Yeah, I looked it up. Yeah, there's a trillion trees on earth, but we are losing net net. That's after we plant trees, but net net, we're losing a million trees an hour. Now, eight billion people, million trees an hour. Oh, folks, alarm bells are ringing. So instead of, I want everyone here today, I'd love for you to take this away, is next time you see a parking lot, start saying, oh, I could put a solar charger there, and I could put one over there, and there, oh, I could put four there. And then you start realizing, oh my goodness, these charges so effective, if you have a house or a cabin somewhere and you don't want to string wires to it, put one of these next to it. You don't have to touch the roof. You don't have to see. The beauty is you don't have to go through all of the problems that occur. So we're going to wrap it up right now. I had a feeling we were close to the line. Yeah, we're pretty close, but I always love having you on board because we never run out of things to say. Oh, we can do it, folks. We can do it, but we've got to be a little aggressive here. And we've got to, with the supply chains, we're talking about years it takes to put complex systems together. This is something we can move, move, move, that, that, that. And the install crews will love it because they don't have to do any grid connection. No water, nothing. They just need a space that go into the site prep through the foundation work next group comes, sets it up. Yeah, two or three days, you're good. And then you've got 30 years, 30 years from that one device. So bravo. That's what I think. Exactly. Well, okay guys, we're going to have to leave it there. You've been watching Hawaii, the state of clean energy. I don't think that Hawaii. Today we've been talking story with Toby Kincaid about driving a million miles by harvesting merely parking lot sunshine. So thanks very much, Toby, for elucidating this and bringing us up to speed and what our options could be if we got a little bit smarter about what we do. Well, thank you for having us. Well, thank you so much. Yeah. Wonderful. I love your sketches too, by the way. Yeah, you're generous. And thanks to our viewers for tuning in. I'm Mitch Ewan. We'll be back in two weeks with another edition of Hawaii, the state of clean energy. Aloha everyone. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please click the like and subscribe button on YouTube. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn. Check out our website, thinktechhawaii.com. Mahalo.


Everybody forced here up in 2021 prism and select football hobby 4 box mixer number 14 random teams check the results anytime elite sports cards calm Let's go ahead and get started Last group break of the night. We've got personals after this. They are full Here we go. We'll start with select two boxes Concourse blue Quinn and Williams for the Jets 59 of 199 concourse silver Josh Allen Silverfield double Corey Davis Jets Penny Sewell rookie field level lions concourse Rookie tri-color Kenneth Gainwell to 249 for the Eagles there club of a silver rookie Trey Lance Niners nice Lance Michael Carter silver concourse Tannehill Trevor Lawrence field level rookie tomorrow chase concourse bangles rookie concourse purple Patrick Mahomes chiefs 25 out of 75 silver field level rookie Anthony Schwartz Browns Wilson Trey Lance silver concourse rookie Richie Grant for the Falcons blue Aaron Donald Rams Hold my tie. I ought over here. Yeah, Aaron Donald the 149 Rams And a Justin Simmons tie-dye die cut out of the 25 for the Broncos I say Broncos 25 out of 25 waddle base Darn on Mooney to 75 bears Jersey card concourse rookie silver Kellan Mond vikings the tie-dye rookie field level Jets Elijah Moore Solid car there for your Jets 25 out of 25 Two tie-dyes in the box Silver Club level 2 2 at well Rams rookie to 49. I'm in Ross St. Brown rookie patch auto lions Great hit there Detroit Solid box for sure 46 to 49 Zach Wilson premier level Silver Devin white sensations silver concourse to a for the Dolphins Silver snapshots Josh Allen pills over club level de-hop cardinals One more select it loses. What's happening, man? Lawrence base silver Henry and sir a silver concourse Antonio Gibson Silver concourse that Davidson rookie for the Vikings the gold that is a gold coming up, isn't it? All right gold after this Mack Jones Concourse Eric Stokes Packers rookie Three out of ten nice hit Packers Love level silver rookie terrace Marshall jr. Panthers blue premier level rookie Michael Carter Jets 123 of 149 silver concourse Zeke Cowboys Silver Club level rookie Jalen Darden for the Bucks Hoco like Evans to 49 rookie or not rookie book Jersey card for the Bucks definitely not a rookie concourse silver rookie Jalen waddle Dolphins Tri-color premier level rookie Javante Williams for the Broncos to 199 a Joe mix in premier level silver Westbrook shooting three Smith to open in a row Why is he shooting Remandry Stevenson 40 of 49 on the rookie Jersey auto rookie round numbers Jersey auto premier level etienne No, Joe. This is a group break Premier level light blue say quant for the Giants number 97 and 99 club level silver Jalen Ramsey Rams Silver rookie concourse Najee Harris Steelers Devontae Smith premier level Lime green or neon green 16 of 49 Eagles nice card Kenneth Murray to 299 in the Silverado Chargers selections silver Rashad Bateman for the Ravens silver field level Erlach or Broncos and a fields premier level rookie on to Prism it's Invicta. You have Ravens Maybe it's a curse Invicta Maybe it's your destiny Lario away purple ice Michael Vick Number 44 225 for the Falcons rookie silver Joe try and bucks Zach Wilson base for the Jets Or to yinbo a hyper Jimmy Graham Bears 138 of 175 Darius Tony base Fleet Bay Franks hyper rookies Avon Collins Cardinals 22 of 175 silver Taysum Hill Clippers look like Like trash right now Josh Palmer Tommy tremble green scope Terry McLauren commanders 55 out of 75 So it's more set Trey Nixon purple ice Landon Collins Commanders numbered 184 225 silver Okuda Blue Wave Carson Wentz for the Colts 139 of 199 silver Quinn Williams Still looking for autos in this too Trask base top of that one orange rookie Joe try and buccaneers 100 of 249 Travis Kelsey all out red wave Daniel Jones for the Giants 70 of 149 a blue ice Aaron Jones fireworks Packers 54 of 99 I Don't know Mike. I honestly haven't heard much of anything There's I haven't been tuned into the buccaneers Talk about him really So Lawrence base Purple Michael Thomas Saints Number and six of 125 rookie red wave auto Kenan Wang Wu Vikings 149 of 199 Kyle Pitts base and orange wave Joe burrow nice color match You fairly low number two second year 14 of 60 on the burrow We go Zach Wilson fireworks Almond Ross St. Brown rookie purple ice after that could Darius Tony rookie Giants All right 28 to 225 and a silver Antoine Wynfield junior auto for the Bucks We can bash them so me for Hoco orange Ravens glazed Campbell 81 of 249 wonder what the local media's take is on leading sports guards Pretty freaking sweet. That's what I probably say so freaking cool The pits base there blue wave David Montgomery bears 118 of 199 New recruits fields One of the local media's take is on the new sitcom Donnie and Shawnee That's new some almond Ross St. Brown hyper Nelson Aguilera Patriots 73 of 175 silver Jared Cook Chargers Jared Cook Gonna be a miscut card in here fashion for Hoco. This is a miscut Jared golf It is top-to-bottom. Look at look at the comparison here. It's lined up with that back card. Look at the comparison That top left I don't want 25 Jared golf lions I guess we could send a auction rapper. This is definitely miscut Silver Devontae Parker dolphins could feel it as soon as I like took him out of the pack Ojalari Odafe Owe hyper rookie Remandre Stevens and Patriots 16 of 175 Chase young Wilson or the Yengbo Navy camo Jags Levisca Chanel junior 16 of 25. Come on big prison hit this time around First box a little quiet another Tony Franks purple ice Thurman Thomas for Buffalo 182-225 and events young Silverado for Tennessee It's pretty cool in there Vince young auto Titans. It's fell a Calvin Joseph purple ice Drew Brees Saints 59 of 225 It's not they Samuel Tyson Campbell purple power Najee Harris rookie nice card there. Oh, that's a gold vinyl behind this one Nice Najee purple power. That's a good stuff right there gold vinyl Yeah, rookie auto Quiddipay Colts That is sick five of five congrats Indy Nicole T Get that one magged gold vinyl rookie auto Quiddipay and that Najee was 1949 that's a great pack. That's what's up, man. It's tough hit right there. Yeah Dokes Turner blue wave Fletcher Cox Eagles 126 of 199 weird backwards cards in this so strange Vince Guarani Cornell Powell blue ice cold Beasley Bills 16 of 99 silver rookie Larry roundtree the third for the Chargers shell Ian book orange Byron Jones dolphins 102 to 249 Newman Lawrence rookie for the Jags Orange rookie Ramandre Stevenson other numbered Stevenson for the Pats 130 to 249 and a silver Jeremy Chin All right quick recap number on a personal everybody and they are full Get as many done as we can tonight Okay, we had a gold Eric Stokes for the Packers jerseys of Darnell Mooney Mike Evans Autos Kenneth Murray tie-dye Justin Simmons Rookie Jersey auto Amon Ross St. Brown lions Ramandre Stevenson Vince Young for the Titans Antoine Winfield Bucks Red wave Rookie Otto to Ken and along with Vikings a gold vinyl rookie auto quitty pay cults five out of five That will do it. Thanks again, everybody appreciate it


In today's video I am summoning the Ghost Rare Dark Magician from one of these packs. What's up guys we're back with another video. In this video I have a collection to open up and see we're going to be purchasing it but I had an idea to mix in some Ghosts From The Past packs because we've tried everything with Ghosts From The Past. We've been opening this from whenever it came out early 2021 I think it was April and I have not pulled a Ghost Rare Dark Magician since then. We had like two or three of them pulled originally and I've not pulled one in two and a half years. We've been opening these packs constantly in regular opening videos mixing them in with other people's openings but now I think it's time to go to the collection. So we're going to open this collection and mixing Ghosts From The Past because I think it's our best chance to summon that Dark Magician. Before that we have a giveaway. I'll be giving away these three cards Blue Eye Shining Dragon Secret. We have a Gold Rare Blackwing Armor Master and a Plague Spreader Gold Rare as well. Just like the video be subscribed to our notifications. Let me know down below. Will we get that Dark Magician in this video? And let me know what you like from the collection. Alright this collection is from Paul. So Paul thank you for sitting in the collection. I will be most likely picking it up. That's the plan at the moment. We're going to see what's inside. I bought one from Paul before and it was a pretty nice collection. Transaction went super smoothly so I think this would be a pretty nice one to pick up. Let's go for a couple cards that we're going to go to a pack opening with Elements or your Avian Secret first edition. We have the I think it's like a Structure Deck, Sparkman or Starter Deck. Pristinatrix, Lawstar, we got the Dark Paladin, DMG version, not Dark Magician girl. Dual Masters Guide. The Cyber Dragon Secret, we got Chimeritech Over Dragon, Unlimited PoTD, not the Ultimate Rare. Cyber Laser Dragon, Ultra, Cyber Twin Dragon, Relinquished First Edition, SDP. Relinquished Limited Edition from Master Collection 1. Elemental Hero Flame, Wingman's Secret Rare. Dark Paladin from MFC, that's a pretty cool Ultra Rare. And then Buster Blader from Pharaoh's Servant. So a lot of old school cards there that are pretty nice. And speaking of old school cards, today's the day. Today is the day. We will be summoning, we'll be summoning the Ghost Rare. By the way, thank you Paul for sending in the collection to be purchased. I appreciate it. And you're going to help us, Paul, with this amazing pull. Okay, not that time. Paul will go down in the annals of, this just sounds weird, though it is a word, but Paul will be going down in the record books for supporting us and helping us pull this Ghost Rare with his collection that he's sending in. We have Salvage, let's see what we can get. Time Thief Bezel Ship, Time Thief Retrograde, we have Sun Avalon Dryadess and Hellshidol Hollow Ultra. One or two more, maybe two more packs, then we're going to get back to the collection. There's a decent little stack of collection here. It was in a, in a deck box. So it's like, you know, pretty quantity over, or quality over quantity. We have Sunwine Healer, which you know I like. We have Flyback and Starry Night Rail. So so far, we are not hitting anything for the most part. It's been pretty rough. Goes from the past one. Let's go. We have Heal's Unroot, Cosmojo, Sunsteed, Galaxy Eye Cypher Blade and Arm Dragon Level 10. Okay, next section of the collection. Oh, there's some big stuff going up. We have Dark Magician from Duel of Saga. We have a Kaiser Sea Horse from, started at Kyba Evolution, first edition. Chaos Emerald Dragons, looks like a 2017 print, maybe? Yeah, I think that's a 2017 print. Very cool. Legendary Fisherman with the ball. You know, not the lost art that has the spear on there. Genzo's Secret Rare from Pharaoh's Servant. That's the 25th anniversary print. Love the Genzo. Can't be a ruxin video without one. Black Luster Soldier, Envoy of the Beginning Unlimited. Probably 2017 as well, except it might have been, but that could be the sleeve. Okay, we have a Black Luster Soldier, Envoy of the Beginning, 25th anniversary. Cool. 25th anniversary, Dark Magician of Chaos. So we have the big three right there. Barrel Dragon from 25th anniversary, Black Skull Dragon, same thing. Card is always treated as an Archfiend card. 25th anniversary. Red Eye's Black Metal Dragon. That's a super from Premium Pack 1. Not the secret. The secret looks really good. Red Eye's Darkness Dragon from the Structure Deck. Uriah, Lord of Searing Flames from the 2006-10. Come on, also from the 2006-10. And then Raviel. So Raviel, I think, was in Wave 1 and the other two were in Wave 2 from 2006. They split him up, interestingly. Uriah, Lord of Searing Flames from Doosas. Haman is from Shadow of Infinity. Never pulled one of these, even in Ultra. Blue Eye's Ultimate Dragon, JMP. Dark Magician Girl from Rise of Destiny. And then we have Exodia from Master Collection 1. So, I mean, there's some big cards right there. I mean, not just anything like Super High End, but a lot of really nice and nostalgic cards. And I don't know if you know, but Dark Magician is also an nostalgic card.  So, goes from the past one, I believe in you. We can do this. We have Metapoles Mithrilium. We have Durandal. Baby Rock. Metapoles Counter. And Evenly Max. So, formerly, very expensive card out of here. It's down to about $2, $3. So, not crazy, but we will take anything that's worth anything at this point. So, that's pretty nice. Goes from the past. Back at it. Come on. Time Thief, Chrono Quarter. Sunseed Genius. Sunbind Gardener. Lavalval Dragon. And Lavalval Salamander. So, Lavals and Vols. Let's try the Firewall Pack. We need something here. We need to pull something, guys. Send me luck in the comments. I need to hear from you, because that's the only way we can pull this ghost jar. We have Red Metapoles Bismugir. Artifact Durandal. And Red Supernova Dragon. Also, like a dollar. So, hey, we're adding up. We only have $3 now. Not bad. All right. One more pack here, and then let's get back to the collection. There's a lot of cards left. Let's see if this one can bless us with something crazy. Galaxy Eye Cypher Blade Dragon. Metapoles Mithrilium. We have Durandal. Miss Valley Baby Rock. Sunavland Rhino. And that is it. I thought there was one more card. Okay. Collection. This is a... Is that a promo? Yeah, promo. Not an actual Starlight, unfortunately. That'd be pretty nice. We have a L.O.B. Left Leg of the Forbidden One, just unlimited. It's so cool. Same thing with this one. Left Arm of the Forbidden One. Oh, maybe a full set coming up. Who knows? Let's see. All right. Right Leg. Looking promising. These look like they are like mod players, something based on the edges. We'll see. Right Arm of the Forbidden One. Is there a regular L.O.B. head? No. So, it looks like it goes with the 25th anniversary print. That makes sense. It doesn't match, but it makes sense. Vampire Lord, Rise of Destiny. We have End of Anubis from the Lost Millennium. Legendary Fisherman. Also the old school ball on the spear. Not gonna give very many fish with that thing. We have Pharaoh Servant Unlimited. First Edition Red Eyes B Dragon. The Blue Eyes White Dragon classic card. Oh, an even more classic. This one is like got the classic darkness to it. And it's got like spots all over it. That happened a lot with those old cards. There's a play set. He's Kybo over here. Three Blue Eyes White Dragons. Dark Raticator Warlock. Pretty awesome. Barrel Dragon. That's a pretty sweet master collection. Looks like he has the whole master collection set so far. Or at least a lot of them. So I'm guessing he has the full thing. Kazi Jin. We can have them all. No, we're not. It doesn't look like it. Song of the Thunder. No Sui Jin. It looks like. Do you have 25th anniversary Blue Eyes? Pretty nice. 25th anniversary Red Eyes. Outrucks and Special. It's past the two Cyber Dragons. Okay, so 25th anniversaries are making themselves known pretty well. Still a lot of good stuff coming up. Let's do Ghosh from the past. I see a big card. The next one is a very expensive card. Can we get a very expensive card here? Even more expensive. We have Hieratic Seal. Regenerator. And the Vault Archer. So nothing crazy there. Black Luster Soldier. I believe we are going to pull it today. Today is the day, guys. Today is the day. Fairy Tail Oroka. Sun Vine Healer. Time Thief's Startup. Sunseed Twin. And Necrozz of Riber. We still have a decent amount of packs. We'll do one more and then go to the next set of collection. Levolval Dragon. Hieratic Seal. C.R.U. Rare Metaphones. Mugir. And Orchestrated Oraturn. We are not summoning the Dark Magician at the moment, so we're going to have to get a little crazier with the collection. And the MCD Glory of Horus. Very expensive card. So that could do it. We have Guiding Quem. Also expensive card out of Cybercode Access. That's a big one. One in secret of the sinful spoils. That's like a $200 25th anniversary card. Chaos Angel. I pulled this one recently. Go check out that video. That was a crazy video. That's an expensive card. There's two of these. Okay. Now I'm seeing the big value. Called by the Grave. That's a quarter century rare. Pretty big. Guardian Chimerra. We really hit some big stuff here. We have the, what is this from? OTS-6. Interesting. Black Metal Dragon. Another one. Divine Arsenal Zeus from Battles of Legend Monsters Revenge. Just a secret. So nothing too crazy. Droll Lockbird. Probably worth a decent amount as well. Caster of Finreer. That's a prismatic secret. Despion. Lulu Wallaneth. This one went down for sure. It was pretty expensive. D'Art. Rennest D'Arjun still, it's like $15 20. Last time I saw. So that's a decent amount. Three of those. Okay. So that was definitely the best stack yet in terms of value. That was a lot of big cards. Okay. We've still got some packs left here for those from the past one. I believe we can do it. I'm not giving up yet. Hieratic Sun Dragon Overlord of Heliopolis. Hieratic Seal of Banishment. Arc Brave Dragon. Metapholes Oriacalc. And Hieratic Seal of the Heavenly Spears. Used to be a money card, but then they reprinted a bunch. So it is now under a dollar. Firewall Dragon. Here we go. Terror of Trishala. Metapholes Volflame. Or a cover. Molten Conduction Field. And Dragoonity Remiss. That's, uh, that formerly was a $20 card in here. And then, uh, wait, why'd I think that was in Ghost of the Past 2 for a second? I don't know. Ghost of the Past 1. That and Evenly were the big cards. That was 20. Evenly was like, what, 15? Something like that. Phenomites of Fogblade. That was like a $3 card at the beginning. We have Gigantis. We have Gear Town. We have a Mine Mold. The Underminer. And Necral is a rebair. No Ghosts. One more pack before we get back to the collection. Dark Magician artwork, please. Dark Magician in a Dark Magician pack. We have E. Telly. Nice card. About $2, something like that. We have Time Thief. Chrono Quarter. Sunsea Genius. Loki. Sunvine Gardener. And, uh, Starry Night. Sky. We continue to search for that Ghost Rare without any luck. All right. The final stack of the collection. And then we have a couple more Ghosts of the Past to summon. Here we go. There's a Red Magician Souls. Areas of the Ladder of the Butler. Albion. The Grand Guggenold, the Dusk Dragon. Grand Guggenold, the Dusk Dragon. We have Bistial Druis Worm. Bistial Druis Worm. We have another Bistial Druis Worm. These are, wow, four Bistial Druis Worms. I don't know if these are probably still a couple blocks, right? Even in the Supers. We have a Bistial Loubellion. That's the Megaton Print. Blue Eyes, White Dragon's Secret. Blue Eyes, White Dragon. These are actually, last I checked, like 14 bucks or something, so that's pretty good. Dark Armed, the Dragon of Annihilation. Pretty nice. Another Armageddon card. Dragon of Annihilation. We have the Dark Magician Secret Rare from Legend of Jealous. What is it? Season 3. Another Dark Magician's. And Rindbrom, the Striking Dragon. And another Rindbrom, the Striking Dragon. All right. So the end of that collection really heated up. That was actually a pretty solid little collection out of this Justice Deck box right here. So overall, pretty good. I'm hoping that it will be a great ending to this video right now. We have three more packs. Let's do the Dark Magician's last. We'll do Black Lesser Soldier. What is his name? Black Lesser Soldier, Soldier of Chaos. Is that the right one? Evil Thorn. Resonator Call. Salamangreat Foul. Terror of Tricyla. And Dragoody Legatus. That used to be $3. I think it's maybe close to a dollar now. Two packs left. Summon Dark Magician, please. Ghost Rare. I believe in you. You will be in one of these packs or both. Here we go. First edition. Now's the time. It's been so long. We have Artifact Durandal. We have Evil Thorn. Resonator Call. Salamangreat Foul. And we have a Starry Night Bale Fire. That's okay. Still one more chance. All it takes is one pack to complete your dream of whatever card you're searching for. And that one for me is the Ghost Rare Dark Magician. Here we go. Meta Falls of All Flame. Recover. Molten Conduction Field. Fairytale Roca. And Sun Avalon. Drain Shea. All right, guys. If you guys enjoyed this video, don't forget to subscribe to the channel. Make sure to thank Paul for providing us with an awesome collection to purchase. And let me know, will we ever pull that Dark Magician Ghost in the comments? Shout out to Tolemfo Show Daxter, Puffins of Doom, Ernesto D'Anna, Merica Deutster, Leo Guine, 62, Brad KK Beats, Ananda Taisho, Ian Musa, Junior Marding, Robert F. Thomas McLean, Changolang, and Joey Castle. Thank you guys for supporting the channel. I'll see you guys in the next one. Peace.


In this video, we're gonna prove two very important properties, counting properties about left cosets and also by analog right cosets. And so let's talk about those. Let G be a group with H being a subgroup and let G be a specific element of that group. Then I claim that the order of the group H is equal to the cardinality of any of its cosets. Since the representative G is chosen arbitrarily, we're gonna show that these two sets have the exact same cardinality. And this is gonna be true for finite sets, which will be extremely important, as this will lead to Lagrange's theorem. But it's also gonna be true for infinite sets as well, that if H is countable, then all of its cosets have to be countable as well. And now how do you show that two sets have the same cardinality? The basic idea from combinatorics is to provide a bijection between the two sets. So I'm gonna show that there's a one-to-one onto map from H to GH. We're gonna call that map phi. And we're gonna define it by the following rule. Phi of H is gonna equal G times H. Now this is a map we've actually ran into before. This is the map that we would call left translation. Translation, that is we multiplication on the left by the element G. Now we saw this before when we proved that the, when we proved that the order of the alternating group is equal to the order, well, we proved it's into N factorial over S. The basic argument was the following. It was hinged upon the idea that the number of even partitions was this permutations, excuse me, was equal to the number of odd permutations. And we showed there was a bijection from even permutations to odd permutations. And we did it using right translation. We took an even permutation sigma and we mapped it to sigma times one, two, which would be odd transposition. That was right translation right there. And we argued that right translation is bijection. And so although we talked about right translation by one, two, there's nothing special about the element one, two. Right translation is always gonna be a bijection and so is left translation. The side that you multiply by doesn't matter. So even though we've proven that before, we're gonna actually provide the general proof right now. It's gonna be exactly the same thing. Mutatis mutandus changed the appropriate parts from that previous video. So we had to first show that it's injective. So assume that phi of H equals phi of H prime for two potentially different elements of H, right? We don't actually know. Well, if phi of H equals phi of H prime, that means that GH equals GH prime, okay? Cause that's what the map does. But then because we have a G on the left of both sides, we can cancel the G on the left by the cancellation law and we see that H equals H prime. And so the map is in fact injective. So notice here to get injectivity, we just have that cancellation. So this argument actually would be applicable for any quasi group, a group which basically, not binary operation that has the cancellation property. We don't necessarily need associativity right there or inverses or anything, we just need cancellation to show that left or right translation is injective. Well, why is it surjective? Well, to show surjectivity, suppose we have an arbitrary element of the co-domain, so X. Well, if X is on side the left coset, that means there's some element little H so that X is equal to G times little H. And now we have our candidate right there. Well, how are we gonna map onto that? Well, phi of H is gonna equal GH, which is gonna equal X. And so that shows surjectivity. And so to show that this thing is surjective in general, we just need the existence of this little element right here. And this is gonna, again, for a quasi group because it's Cayley table forms a Latin square, we're gonna see that for a quasi group, translation left or right is always gonna be a bijection. But sticking to the realm of groups right now, we've now shown that left translation, we see that left translation is in fact a bijection. It's both one to one and onto. Therefore, the domain of left translation is gonna be having the same size as the co-domain of left translation. So that proves that these two cosets have the same size. And as the cosets, as the coset GH was arbitrary, this shows that all cosets have the exact same size. Their card value will be exactly the order of the group H. And I should also mention that in particular, it's not just that all the left cosets have the same size, but this argument could have easily been made into an argument about right translation. Right translation by the element G is also a bijection. And that therefore shows that the order of H is equal to the order of HG, the right coset. And so in particular, all right cosets will have the same size. It's gonna be the order of H. And they're gonna be the same size as the left cosets. Now, we're not saying that GH is equal to HG. Left and right cosets are not the same thing in general. But what we are saying is that each and every coset will have the exact same size. And that size is the order of H. Doesn't matter if you're left or right, all cosets will have the same size. All right, that's a very important counting principle. We should never underestimate a theorem that counts something. All cosets will have the exact same size with respect to H. Of course, if you switch the subgroup H, then the size of the cosets will change between on the new subgroup H right there. But another thing we can also say is that all given any subgroup H inside of G, the number of left cosets is equal to the number of right cosets. We know the cosets have the same size, but we also have the same number. Now, if we restrict ourselves just to finite groups, this would be a very simple argument. It basically would follow up from Lagrange's theorem, which we'll prove a little bit later. But what we wanna do is actually prove this in the most general setting possible. We actually wanna prove this for infinite groups as well. And also to avoid some circular reasoning with Lagrange's theorem. We're gonna prove this right now. But I want you to be aware that this theorem right here, these two theorems is essentially the foundation for which Lagrange's theorem comes from. The way we are presenting this, Lagrange's theorem is gonna be an immediate corollary, essentially, of these two theorems we're proving right now. So if we wanna prove the number of left cosets is equal to the number of right cosets, we wanna prove that these two sets have the same cardinality. Again, we're gonna construct a bijection between these two sets. Our bijection is gonna be the following rule. Phi will send left cosets to right cosets. And the way it's gonna do that is the left coset gh, we're gonna send to the right coset hg inverse. Now you might wonder, well, why didn't we take gh and map it over to hg? Why doesn't that make the natural thing? And although one could do that, it's gonna be a lot harder to prove, it's gonna be a lot harder to prove there's a bijection in this setting. And that's because in general, we can't assume commutivity. So how do you twist things around in a general group? If it's non-Abelian, the inversion map can switch things around. It can switch the order of things. And so that's why we're taking hg inverse here. Now to show that this is a bijection, we have to first of all show it's a function. This wasn't a concern on the previous video, or the previous proof I should say, because we were sending elements to elements. Now we're sending cosets to cosets. gh is mapping to hg inverse. The problem is this map is dependent on the representative. We're sending g to g inverse. What if we picked a different representative? What if we took something like x right here? Is that still gonna map to, because that's gonna wanna map to hx inverse? How do I know that these two sets are the same thing? Is the map dependent upon the representation? And we wanna argue that it's not. Thus it's gonna be a well-defined map. So to show that this map is well-defined, that's the main argument here. Take two different cosets, sorry, two different representatives of the same cosets. Say that ah is equal to bh. So a and b are potentially two different representatives. So we have to then prove that ha inverse is equal to b, or hb inverse. How are we gonna do that? So we assume, we're gonna assume this right here. So we assume ah equals bh. Now we have to then prove this holds. So let's take an arbitrary element of ha inverse. Well, if x belongs to ha inverse, that means there's some element little h so that x is equal to ha inverse. That's what we're gonna use right here. Now this is the reason why we used inverses because although our operation multiplication is non-commutative, inverses can twist things around. If we take the inverse of these elements right here, x inverse, we'll just become x inverse, but then if we take ha inverse inverse by the shoe sock principle, you put your socks on then your shoes, but you first take off your shoes then your socks, ha inverse inverse will switch these things around so that a goes first, h comes second, and you get a, this will look like a inverse inverse, h inverse, but of course the double inverse is just a. This right here, x inverse is equal to a h inverse, which will belong to the left coset represented by a. But by assumption, ah is equal to bh. Therefore, there exists some element k, which belongs to h, so that x inverse equals b times k. But then if we take the inverse of this equation right here, x inverse inverse will bring us back to x, but then we have to compute bk inverse, all right? But by the shoe sock principle again, bk inverse becomes k inverse b inverse. Now since k was inside of h, k inverse is inside of, what did I say? Since k is inside of h, k inverse is inside of h, therefore k inverse b inverse belongs to the coset hb inverse. So this shows us that h, a inverse is a subset of hb inverse. Now again, if we were just finite, we can then invoke that the two things have the same size and we'd be done, but for an infinite situation, we want this to still be true.  And so this shows that the two sets are equal to each other. This then argues that the map phi is in fact well defined. It doesn't matter which representative you use. That gives us now we have a function. How do we get an inverse function? How do we show that it's invertible? Well, you can show that it's one to one, you can show that it's onto, that's one way to show that a map is bijective, but another way to show that a map is bijective, well bijective also means that it's invertible, we can just construct an inverse map. So we actually have a candidate for who the inverse is. Phi was a map from left cosets to right cosets. We're gonna come up with a new map called psi, which sends right cosets to left cosets. And it'll be defined by the rule that the right coset hg will be mapped to the left coset g inverse h. And I want you to see what happens when we compose these things together. If we do psi of phi of gh, this is gonna equal psi of hg inverse, which will then equal g inverse inverse of h, which is just gh. So the composition here is the identity map. So these things are inverses of each other. Now, psi by similar reasoning, we could argue is a well-defined function and it's gonna be the inverse of phi. And so since phi has an inverse, it's invertible, that means it's bijective. And because it's bijective, the two sets will have the same size that these two sets right here, left cosets and right cosets have the same size. So summarizing what we've seen so far is that every left coset will have the same size as the order of h and so will every right coset. We've also shown that the number of left cosets is equal to the number of right cosets, even in the case of infinite sets. And so another proposition I do wanna mention here, this is included in Judson's text and this is a pretty important proposition. Let h be the subgroup of g and let x and y be elements of g, then two cosets are equal to each other exactly when one is inside of the other. And this basically just comes from the fact that cosets form a partition. I'm gonna leave this up as an exercise to the reader to prove this one, but this is a consequence of cosets forming our partition relationship. And that's gonna bring us to the end of our lecture 18 in our series. We're gonna talk about some more about cosets in lecture 19, so take a look for that. Also in lecture 19, we'll prove Lagrange's theorem by continuing developing this theory of cosets that we've done in this lecture right here.