Live from Austin, Texas, it's theCUBE. Covering OpenStack Summit 2016. Brought to you by the OpenStack Foundation and headline sponsors Red Hat and Cisco. Now here are your hosts, Stu Miniman and Brian Graceley. Hi, welcome back to theCUBE. Here in Austin, Texas, six of your shows, 7,500 people here. Many of them were who's sitting in the keynote this morning where our next guest, Craig Mclucky, product manager with Google was on. Had Alex Pulvy from CoreOS on there, talking of course about how Kubernetes is helping to expand the OpenStack experience. Craig, first of all, thank you for joining us. Welcome back to theCUBE. Thank you so much. All right, so for those that didn't catch it, give us kind of the thumbnail. What were we talking about in the keynote, this whole OpenStack, just another application, as far as you guys are concerned? So what we went through in the keynote today was a demonstration of OpenStack running on Kubernetes. Kubernetes, if you think about it, is just a nice way to run a distributed system. It's a distributed systems environment. And if you think about OpenStack, in many ways it's a fancy distributed system. And so the demo today that Alex did was OpenStack packaged up in containers and running in a cluster environment. That had some really nice properties for the OpenStack operator, in that it made the platform farmer robust. So Alex showed how you could tear down one of the OpenStack services and it would spring up on a different node. It also made the operations of OpenStack far easier in terms of versioning, updating, and managing the life cycle of the various OpenStack components. Yeah, do we see that, obviously people know about Kubernetes. It came out of Borg at Google. So obviously it's done a lot of things at scale. People are very, very excited about it. Talk about the Kubernetes plus OpenStack integration. Where are those things coming together? How are the two organizations working together, the CNCF and the OpenStack Foundation? Talk a little bit about that. Sure. So if you think about it, let me kind of give you an example from my previous life. The first product I worked on at Google was a product called Google Compute Engine, which is a simple infrastructure as a service offering that just provides basic primitives for folks that want to run.  Which is very much like OpenStack today. So Compute Engine is a decent analog from OpenStack. And when we built Compute Engine, it was built on top of Borg, which is our internal infrastructure management framework. And because it was built on Borg, we got a lot of nice properties. It made it a lot easier for us to actually deal with operating at scale, to update and version and provision, you know, all of the subsystems that were actually running Compute Engine. And so when I think about OpenStack, it's a very close analog to what we had inside Google. So today you see a lot of folks that are building and managing OpenStack deployments. And they're starting to experience some issues with that. And one of the key issues that they experienced is challenges around achieving very high levels of operational efficiency. So one of the nice things about cloud native computing is that it provides a more effective way to pack and schedule and make intelligent decisions around where things should be run so you get more out of the infrastructure. And so the OpenStack community is really hungry to actually drive up the aggregate efficiency of OpenStack. And so bringing in a technology like Kubernetes is a great path to do that. The other thing that we see a lot of folks struggling with is just the operational life cycle. OpenStack is a very complex system. It's got a lot of moving pieces. And they just want a better way to start thinking about delivering and integrating and managing those pieces. And so by introducing Kubernetes or cloud native computing paradigms, they get all that utility out of it. Now if you think about the relationship between the cloud native computing foundation, which is a foundation that was established to promote these cloud native patterns, container package, dynamic schedule, microservice oriented solutions, it's not intended to create a closed system. It's really the charter was around the promotion of these patterns and the promotion of these technologies. And so OpenStack is an obvious place that can benefit from this approach to managing applications at scale. And so our aspiration in terms of these two foundations is one, to introduce some of the cloud native computing technologies into OpenStack so that the OpenStack community benefits from the efficiencies, performance, and reliability that cloud native computing brings. But also that the OpenStack supports the border cloud native paradigm because OpenStack's done a great job, for instance, of integrating the network and storage components. We don't necessarily want to go and replicate all of the awesome work that community's been doing. So we'd love to find ways to use a lot of what OpenStack's done in terms of the on-prem cloud pieces and then create these sort of blended solutions that introduce the technologies in a complimentary way. One of the things when you guys first sort of, it was surprising to a lot of people when Google said, hey, we're in on OpenStack. We're going to be part of the foundation. People went, oh, okay, people tend to look at the large web scale, three big, and they go, they have their own technology and OpenStack was kind of private cloud. You've talked about it in a hybrid cloud perspective. Google does a very good job of running open-source software and turning it into a service, whether it's SQL or Kubernetes or containers. Can you ever imagine a time when the Google Cloud platform will say, I can give you essentially OpenStack as a service and help with that that hybrid? Or is that the wrong way to think about how Google thinks about OpenStack for hybrid cloud? I don't think, you know, I can't talk to the specific strategic future, but I don't think that scenario is too far-fetched. You know, I'd love to be able to get to a point where the demo that we saw today would run on something like Google Container Engine. And I don't think it's too big a stretch of the imagination to imagine a world where we could package up a lot of the OpenStack tools and create these blended experiences where you have on-prem components that are running on native OpenStack or running on a Kubernetes hosted base, and then you can sort of burst to the cloud. Either consuming cloud services directly into an OpenStack environment, or potentially even extending the management of that into a sort of cloud-based resources. So I can't comment to the specific strategic futures, but I would say it's not that far-fetched. Okay, so Craig, it's interesting. I've noticed in your comments sometimes, you describe Google stuff and you call it simple. And you know, of course, when we talk about OpenStack, it's a little bit more complex. You know, simple for Google is not necessarily something that everybody else thinks is simple. I'm curious when you look at kind of what you're doing in OpenStack, the terminology sometimes, Google's infrastructure for everybody else is used. How do we think about kind of the usability, what kind of skillsets they have to have because most people aren't Google? No, it's actually a very good statement to make. One of the things I get asked a lot is, why didn't you just open source Borg? And why didn't you just make all of the Google tool chain available to the rest of the world? And the reality is that, you know, even if we did open source Borg, no one could actually deploy it. And even if someone actually successfully deployed it, they would find the learning curve unappealing. You know, when we tend to hire engineers from the outside world, it takes them six months to learn Google's infrastructure. And at the end of it, it's like they've developed a super power. They're able to deploy these applications and it makes even the most complex things tractable. You can build these really complex systems. But the learning curve is astronomically steep and very difficult to deal with. And one of the things that we find very attractive in terms of working with the OpenStack community, working with a lot of these open communities, working with technologies like Docker, is reducing the learning curve, not just for engineers that are using our technologies, our cloud products, but also for our own engineers. The learning curves are too high. It takes too long for a new Google engineer to get spun up. And so we will be actively working with communities that have a great set of experiences. It's like we hold the Docker community in very high regard. It created a very elegant and neat set of experiences for the developer. And our aspiration is to then extend that into the operator experience. So Docker's done a really great job of reducing barriers to entry for developers and creating very fast on-ramps for the use of new technologies. Our aspiration is to take that great first five hours experience, which you get with Docker, and create a great next five years experience as you try to build and operate these systems.  We want to make the experience better for everybody and for our own engineers as well. And we do recognize that left-owned devices, we would probably create systems that are perhaps less simple than the rest of the world would like. But we think that working closely with partners and being relentlessly focused on the end user will get us to the right place in the end. Yeah, so your team, you've got a number of people on your team that are in the evangelism space or advocate space, Sarah Novotny and Kelsey Hightower, people who have been on the show, people who are really well-known. What feedback do you get from them as they're out in the community in terms of some of the interesting types of challenges, application types that people are building in these new distributed environments, things that are going to take advantage of Kubernetes that maybe you couldn't do before. What's anything sort of popped to mind that you go, that's a cool application. That's a really interesting challenge. Yeah, I mean, there's a lot of work to be done to make Kubernetes generally accessible to everybody. When we started off, we were really focused on the web-style application and really nailing that solution up to 100 nodes scaling. As we then sort of move past that, we're really starting to think about much more scalable clusters, beyond a thousand nodes, up to 10,000 nodes or 50,000 nodes. And then we're also starting to think about much more stateful workloads. So as we look to our next wave of applications that we're focusing on, stateful services are really important. Turns out that it's great that you can build these 12-factor apps and run them. But the reality is most enterprises have a lot of stateful workloads. So our immediate priority right now for the next release of Kubernetes 1.3 release is doing a much better job of providing support for the more stateful set of workloads. And then beyond that, we're starting to get a lot of interest from the community around much more optimal scheduling for niche workloads. So for some folks in the telco industry, they're running a lot of real-time, or near real-time processing workloads, and they have some very specific scheduling constraints around the co-location services. So as we start to diversify, we'll look at that. So I think the sort of the cardinality here is web, stateful services, big data, and then we'll start pursuing more real-time other workloads. So Craig, I'm wondering if you can comment on how Google thinks about using and participating in the open-source communities.  MapReduce, we probably wouldn't have so much of the big data analytics in UPSpace if it wasn't for Google done there. But I've heard people say, we're all running on what Google was doing 10 years ago. So Kubernetes is out there, you're here at OpenStack. How does Google look at these communities versus contributing and consuming open-source? So it's interesting, you know, as we've shifted from being an internet company to becoming a cloud company, our posture with respect to open-source has shifted pretty drastically. You know, initially we would contribute open-source technologies as a way to accelerate the community and to help sort of smooth our own sort of, you know, processes as the upstream communities came to understand what we're trying to accomplish. But as we've become more of a cloud company than just an internet company, we're looking at Open as a major competitive advantage for us. So if you think about the way that we built Kubernetes, we released Kubernetes into the wild very, very early in its life cycle. You know, we put a lot of time and thought into getting the basic domain model right. But Kubernetes, the project, was by and large built in the Open. So it's the first hosted cloud product that was built from the ground up in the Open with the engagement of an open-source community. And it created a tremendous amount of power for us because our feedback loop was almost instantaneous. Historically, if you're a cloud company, you'll go through this long development cycle, you'll produce something, you'll take it to some early adopter folks and they'll look at it and they'll be like, I don't like it. And then you have to rework the whole thing. It creates these very slow cycles of development. When you're running an open source, the feedback cycle is near instantaneous because you're directly collaborating with your end customer to make sure that the technology meets their needs. So that's been huge in terms of just advancing the development cycle. The second piece of becoming a cloud company has been recognizing that our customers don't want to be locked in. We could go ahead and create this big, beautiful bespoke technology, but the reality is none of our customers that we're working with want to be in a single cloud environment. They either want to be in a hybrid world where you have some on-premise workloads and some hosted public cloud workloads, or they want to be in a multiple public cloud provider relationship. And so creating bespoke solutions gates our own adoption. So that's the second big piece of it. And then the third piece of it is, when you actually look at where we're going from here, we're looking to replicate the model that we bought to market with Kubernetes in almost every other domain. So if you think about our big investments in machine learning with TensorFlow, we're running that as an open project. The work that's being done in the open source community to help people understand and make sure the product's right. If you look at our next generation, the successor to a lot of the MapReduce technologies, it's called Dataflow Engine. It's also being built in the open as an open source project with the engagement of the community. And so we're looking to replicate this model because one, it just works better. Two, it avoids lock-in. And three is, frankly, we just get a lot of acceleration from the community. If you look at Kubernetes, 25% of the code base was written by Red Hat. The other 25% was written by a broad array of contributors that have a very diverse set of personalities. And that diversity of view and that diversity of experience really creates a stronger technology base. A couple, about a month ago, you were out, obviously, at the GCPnext conference. First big conference for the Google Cloud platform, at least from a public perspective, Diane Green was there. She's starting to set the direction. What was the feedback you got from the market, from customers, maybe that you expected or sort of surprised you? I think the biggest signal that I've got back from that was like, wow, Google's all in on cloud. I think that the one thing that that conference did is really set the tone of our intent, the focus that we have, and our relentless pursuit of becoming a cloud company, of moving beyond being an internet company to actually become a cloud company. And so just the overwhelming sort of narrative that I've heard from customers is, wow, Google's really serious about the cloud thing. And that's been great. Beyond that, the reception's been really good. There were a lot of good announcements and generally very positive uptake. A lot of inbound customer interest is real to that. All right, Craig McClucky with Google. Really appreciate you coming back to sharing everything that Google's participation in OpenStack and beyond. We'll be back with lots more coverage here from OpenStack 2016 in Austin, Texas. You're watching theCUBE.


Keith Gosland. I'm Ann Charles. It's Tuesday, February 12th. Welcome to All Things LGBTQ. And it's almost Keith's birthday. Almost Keith's birthday, but not quite. I'm old. No, he's the baby of the group, really. That doesn't mean I'm not old. Wouldn't I give him a headline? Can that work out well? The HRC calls on the Senate to reject Trump's attorney general nomination of William Barr and other anti-LGBTQ nominations. By his record, it makes clear that he will double down on the discriminatory agenda of just sessions and the Trump's harmful attacks on the LGBT community and equality. Josie Tota, a transgender woman, will be honored with an Upstutter Award at the organization time to thrive in California. More about that later. Elizabeth Cole, a Navajo transgender woman in Nevada, is fortunate to be alive after being shot in a hate crime. Arizona State Superintendent Kathy Hoffman is calling for repeal of the state's dangerous and backward don't-say-gay law, which bars teachers from affirming or supporting some of our most vulnerable students. Sesame Street turns 50. The Grammys. Is this the year of the queer woman? Patricia Neil Warren, author of Frontrunner Dies at 82.  The love story became the first gay novel in modern times to be on the New York Times bestseller list. I remember reading that. It was heartbreaking. Yes. I cried. Oh, I know. He was at the 80s, wasn't it? I can't remember. It was very early on, though. Somebody will be googling it for answers. West Virginia lawmaker compares LGBTQ people to the KKK. Democrats in West Virginia- Is that because of the attire? Captains? Remember that craze? Everybody in the captain? No, I must have missed that. Me too. West Virginia calls for Eric Porterfield's resignation after his anti-LGBT remarks. And he also used the word faggots in committee. Ellen Page calls out Chris Pratt's affiliation with an anti-LGBTQ church. Black lesbians talk canceled at a Catholic school. Judge allows right-wing student group to kick gay leader out. Defying Trump's California National Guard will not discharge their transgender troops. Trump praises Karen Pence for teaching at an anti-LGBTQ school. Gay federal workers are arrested for drug trafficking on a gay-themed cruise. Oops. They were selling Viagra. I'm not going there. You can't make me. Nebraska has established the state's first LGBTQ rights organization. Pro-LGBT victories are not many in that state. And so out Nebraska is now launched. And in relation to the school where Pence is teaching, the other schools in the district are refusing to do intramural sports because they don't feel safe going into the school. Although they're going to let the other, you know, let the deplorable school go into their auditorium. But they're not going to go into there.  Good for them. So as of July 1st, there will be a non-binary option on Vermont's driver's license. And we'll talk a little bit about that. And in response to that change, Senator Bray from Addison County is looking at introducing legislation into the Senate. Bill has not been drafted yet. That will then look at all the other state-issued documents. And do we collect gender? And does there need to be a non-binary option? I had hoped to have an update on the Belto Alberto Sanchez Perez who was the LGBTQ migrant worker who had been arrested on the DWR charge, then taken into custody by ICE, looking at deportation. But there's been no information forthcoming, even though the hearing should have happened. I'll give a little update on H3, the bill that's going through relative to Ethnic and Social Standards Committee. And there's a new bill that's been introduced, H185, which we'll talk about a bit that has to do with transgender students and athletics. Another bathroom bill. The Alliance Defending Freedom. We know these people. They've shown their ugly face here in Vermont, and we'll talk a little bit about that. And then a bill that got introduced into the Senate, S45, which looks as though it might be partly in response to this. And we'll talk about the dynamics of that. The feds think that we're wealthy and they're withholding $2 million. We'll definitely talk about that. Patriot Front. Alliance Defending Freedom is here. Let's see what other hate groups we can invite. They put posters over the doors and the logos at the Pride Center of Vermont, Art Right Vermont, and Ohavi's Zed synagogue. And there was a rally, some interesting responses. I'll talk a little bit about that. And the trivia question. Well, first I have a quote that you don't have to guess at, which you were thankful for. This was the comment that was made. These are not mic covers. They're mic condoms. We practice safe sound. That was said in February of 1995 when the flirtations were performing at the Flynn Theater in Burlington. But in acknowledgment of Valentine's Day, 1988, there was a kiss in. Where and why? And then they'll have information to share afterwards. I'd like to start by adding to Linda's headlines that Patricia Nell Warren's The Front Runner was published in 1974. That was really early. Very early. Very sad. My headlines concern New Zealand.  Same sex marriage lawsuits to be filed on Valentine's Day by 13 couples in Japan. In conservative Catholic Poland, a gay and atheist politician is seizing the moment. So those are kind of upbeat. Now some bad news.  A Russian town shrugs at the murder of an older gay couple. Two stories of erasure from Brazil involving boy erased, which is erased from Brazilian cinemas. And Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, deplorable whom we've spoken about, plans to erase LGBT content from schools. Also feminist content. He's going to try to have some public schools taken over by the military. So he's got plans. The Berlin monument to gay victims of Nazi persecution was vandalized once again.  Priced out of pride. Why the Manchester events ticket hike is just the tip of the money making iceberg. There's a little bit of a critique there. Manchester is in England? Yes, it is. Remember the song? Disney, speaking of corporate takeovers, is planning an official LGBTQ pride event in, it's called Magical Pride in Paris.  But now, Disney is arranging to host, to appropriate it. It has all to do about marketing and income. I'm kidding. And if we have time, I can expatiate on that subject. But first, let me get on my dictionary. I suddenly feel very vulnerable. I have more. Well, it's time for the segment with Linda. Those are my headlines. Okay. I don't know if I can follow that. Josie Toda, 17-year-old Davis native, who has appeared in several films and television shows that's leaving Yolo County in 2012 for Los Angeles. Some of these films and shows include Other People, Spider-Man, Homecoming, Jesse, Champions and more. Toda then wrote an opinion piece in August about her excitement for these new chapters in her life, starting for the first semester of college, continuing her acting career, and coming out as a transgender female. That's the woman who's getting the award. Which award? Up-Starter Award. What about Bert and Ernie? I say we just leave them alone. I say who are they? Sesame Street? Sorry. Professor Charles, a big bird? No, Bert and Ernie on Sesame Street. There's been rumors about them for years. Now I'm going to tell you. Sesame Street aired the same year as the Stonewall Riots. Riot. Oh, I didn't realize that. I know, and they both changed history. Mark Salisman, the out-screen writer, and he was also a writer for Sesame Street, says yes.   And he didn't have any way to contextualize them. So the other thing was, more than one person referred to Ernie, Mark's partner and himself, as Bert and Ernie. Okay, so the LBGT artist dominated Saturday Night's 61st Grammy Award with history-making wins with a number of memorable performances. Pop icon Lady Gaga and country singer, songwriter Brandy Carlisle, both broke the records after being the first out winners in their categories. Gaga, who identifies as bisexual, took home three awards on Sunday. Not only issued the first openly LGBTQ artist to win the Grammy in the best pop solo performance category for her song Joanne. Jolene. Jolene? Yes. Is it Jolene? Because I have it here, it's copied from the article. Jolene. Anyway. You've heard that song, right? Oh, Jolene, right. That's Dolly Parton. Yeah. Where do you think you're- Oh, is that Dolly Parton? Yeah. Jolene is Dolly Parton. Oh, I'm so sorry. No, this is Jolene. Lady Gaga. I know. I'm so sorry. I apologize. Where do you think you're going? But she also won awards for best song written for visual media and best pop duo, group performance for Shallow, the duo that she co-wrote and performed in A Star Is Born. She had also- She has also been nominated for the best pop solo performance twice before. Other award winners included queer artist St. Vincent, who won in the best rock song category and best recording package category for her track and album. Both titled Mass Seduction. The gay song writer is Benj Pasek and Shane McAunt Lee, I think that's how it's pronounced, who were honored for their collaboration on the greatest showman soundtrack. And Casey Mulgraves, Golden Hour, respectfully. I'm so sorry about that Jolene thing, but if I may just try to recover. Dolly Parton did sing Jolene with- Yeah. Right? Yes. Well, it was a tribute to Dolly. Exactly. And there were other female artists and they all sang together. So I do apologize for jumping in there. That's okay. I hope no one sends emails. Don't bother, okay? Because- There will be penance Monday. Don't you have a picture of Brandy Carlisle? I have a picture of Brandy. Yes, I do. So we'll show that. She also, from what I was reading, I didn't read, but she's married to a woman named Catherine, and I can't remember her last name. But they have like three children also. So- I think she's scheduled to perform in Vermont this summer. I would love to hear her. Oh. We should mark our calendar. It may be part of the Ben & Jerry's concert series at the Shelburne. Yeah, we'll have to look that up, because I also heard her interviewed on a VPR and I was pretty entertaining. Chris Pat Pratt appeared on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert to promote his role in the new Lego movie. Page called out Pratt on Twitter for his affiliation with an anti-LGBTQ church, Hillsong. Hillsong's pastor, Brian Houston, claims that he loves all LGBTQ people while reiterating that he would not affirm the lifestyle. He also says that he believes God's word is clear on this issue. That marriage is between one man and one woman. So let's go to you now. David and Jonathan doesn't come to mind. What are you doing behind that rock? Hi. So Alliance Defending Freedom, who we've mentioned on several occasions, a little back's information. Vermont has a program called a dual enrollment, whereby a senior in high school can do their first year of college while still attending high school. And it's, excuse me, the tuition is paid for by the state of Vermont. Well, the Alliance Defending Freedom brought suit against the state of Vermont saying this was discriminatory because faith-based or parochial schools students could not participate in this process. In 1999, the Vermont Supreme Court ruled that no faith-based and parochial schools students could not participate because the state could not pay a faith-based or parochial school tuition separation of church and state. So this suit is ongoing. The Alliance Defending Freedom seems to have discovered we're here, oh shucks, but also of interest. There was a bill that's been introduced into the Senate and Debbie Ingram, Interfaith Coalition, Interfaith Action is one of the lead sponsors. And what this bill would do is say, you know, this program should indeed be open to everybody. We're put in a provision in place that a student who attends a parochial faith-based school could be eligible for the dual enrollment program, but they have to pay their own tuition. You know, that the state cannot pay for it, so the student or their parents has to pay for it. So we'll be watching this as it goes through the process and really look at the conversation that happens surrounding it. And that happens in a lot of places. I don't want my taxes to go towards paying for Catholic school educations. Exactly. Because we've seen the curriculum. Yes. Someone here can personally attest to that. That's right. The other, you know, let's invite hate to our state as people are well aware, Patriot Front. Over the weekend, they put their posters over the logo of the Price Center of Vermont, Outright Vermont, and Ohavi Zed Synagogue in Burlington. Well, there was a community response and there was a rally that occurred last Friday. Now of interest, prior to the rally happening, the rabbi for Ohavi Zed found more signs on their back door. It was hearts saying, we are your neighbors, we have your back. So it was entirely different, but that was shared. What was also of interest is that both the Burlington Police Department and the Vermont State Police, and particularly Farron and partial policing, showed up in fairly large numbers. They were 8 to 10 in each contingent. And when they were approached, their comment was, we're here in support of you. We are here to stand with you. And TJ Donovan also showed up. He was not invited to speak, nor as the police were not invited to speak, but they were clearly visible and talking with people. And TJ reaffirmed to the people who were in the crowd about the new reporting policies for his department relative to bias and hate crimes, which we had actually been talking about before we started taping with the incident that had occurred with Kaya Morris of late, where the person who has been harassing her and her family was arrested for possessing magazines for semi-automatic assault weapons that are no longer in compliance with the Vermont statutes. What was interesting is that this had been reported to the Bennington Police in October, after the law had taken effect, and the Bennington Police did nothing. Well, when TJ redid the protocols so that all bias and hate-motivated crime reports, regardless if you knew the perpetrator, if you were charging, would go to his office, late January, he became aware of this and immediately started an investigation and the person has been charged. So TJ seems to be keeping to his word. Well, what he had said was, please let me know about it so we can look at all of what surrounds this because usually it's not just an isolated incident. He said, let's look at if we cannot charge a crime per se for bias or hate motivation. Let's look at are there other civil cases that could go forward? And this is one of those where they clearly had information. It would have been used for another, yeah. So there is an internal investigation that will be going on done by and independent law enforcement to find out exactly what is happening. And then the Department of Justice bear withholding over $2 million from Vermont because they think our fair and impartial policing policies make us look like we're a sanctuary state and they kind of sort of don't like that. Can they do that? They can withhold anything they want, but the state of Vermont may be suing them saying, wait a minute, federal statutes are very clear about what immigration and ICE are allowed to do and what they're not allowed to do, and they're not allowed to require a local or state law enforcement to actively participate with them. And I think where it's coming into question is when Major John has testified before the legislature relative to fair and impartial policing, her comment was that what they're embedding in the policy is we don't need to know your immigration status, so we're not going to ask. So any reports that get submitted are not including immigration specific identification because Vermont doesn't need that. And I think that's part of what the feds are objecting to. They want this sort of, you know, complicency that we're not willing to give them. So because, you know, there is... So this is kind of blackmail money, right? Well, this is kind of, you know... Like either you do it, we want to work... Right.  Well, legally and constitutionally they're not allowed to do that. And Vermont's calling them on it. Good. So it's going to be really interesting to follow. So now you said you had nice things about New Zealand. Yes.  Is that like Friday? Well, sort of.  Just another event. But this is... And they have the penguins or whatever they have. Ducks. Some penguins. Yeah. Okay. Sorry. But the 20th anniversary of the big gay out has occurred and the Prime Minister Jacinda Adurn appeared and she's been there before. Right now I have a picture before you of Jacinda Adurn posing with her fans. You can see a flamboyant fan there. 10,000 people attended. It's really an ending HIV event at Auckland's Coil Park. It's been going on for many years. She's been there before but this is her first time as the Prime Minister. I've lost count of the amount of times I've felt proud to stand on this stage, she said, in a speech to a cheering audience. It's one of the many events that shows the incredible diversity of New Zealand and that is something to be celebrated. Another occurrence, Labour List MP Tamati Kofi and his partner Tim Smith, they are picture before you. They were there. They used the occasion to announce that they were going to have a baby in July. So there they are celebrating and holding hands I believe. So good news from New Zealand. 13 couples in Japan will be filing damage suits against the state at four district courts across the country on February 14th. Arguing that denying same-sex couples the right to marry is a violation of their constitutional right to be treated equally under the law. These are the first lawsuits of their kind in Japan. I'd like to show you now a picture of Chinzuka E 58 and Yoko Ogawa 55 who've been living together in Tokyo's Nakano Ward for over 20 years. They were the first couple to register under the Nakano Ward partnership oath certification program that started last year. But the certification does not guarantee the same rights as marriage and only 11 municipal governments nationwide issue similar certificates. E and Ogawa believe they should have equal rights wherever they choose to live and that prompted them to become plaintiffs in a damages suit against the state. They've experienced more than their share of pain when at Ogawa mother's Ogawa's mother's funeral some 20 years ago her relatives look quizzically at her partner who was helping out with everything. They couldn't come out and say we're family. Several years ago when Ogawa fell ill she told the hospital that E was a close friend with whom she lived. At the end of the year sometime back E received a phone call from her sister saying that their father was being grilled and chided for the fact that his daughter was homosexual. E rushed to their home and tried to explain herself to them. The women both women believe that an open society that approves of same-sex marriage is likely a society that's kinder to everyone and that's the question they would like to pose to society and the government through the lawsuit. Now I have good news from Poland. Yeah that's right Robert Bydron celebrated late last year that his party was polling at almost 10 percent. With no party name or agenda in almost two years until the presidential elections he had nevertheless embarked on an improvised road trip across Poland to rally crowds for his cause. Speaking in shopping centers and community halls the 42-year-old was being welcomed welcomed by mostly young and urban audience members who applauded his demands to separate church and state phase out coal and improve rights for women and LGBT people. Now we have a picture of him on Sunday the openly gay former LGBT rights activist finally announced the name of his new party Spring. As he rallied his supporters around their shared goal of gaining a substantial number of seats during European elections in May, parliamentary elections later this year and perhaps even more support during the presidential elections in 2020. There's no room for hate we've reached the limit he said in Warsaw on Sunday speaking to thousands of supporters. Is that where the mayor was dead? That was Gdansk and he was in Poland and he was an ally of this mayor and you know they're kind of almost dismissing this brutal assassination because the assailant was mentally ill. But why did you pick him? Well yeah his speech on Sunday sounded like the early days of French president Emmanuel Macron when he started as an underdog outside the traditional party system before quickly gaining momentum as voters abandoned the country's two mainstream parties in droves but Poland isn't France. As Bidron acknowledged in an interview with the Washington Post he said that he had taken inspiration from Macron and leftist Senator Bernie Sanders but he maintained that Poland is distinct. The current political leadership was living in medieval times. He joined parliament in 2011 before serving as the mayor of the northern Polish city Slipsk where he quickly gained popularity. Many Poles agree that they like Bidron as a politician according to recent popularity rankings but the question is whether a sufficient number of voters in a country with some of Europe's most restrictive abortion laws, a strong Catholic church and a strong dependency on coal will share his progressive vision of the country. So good luck to him. Now should I move to a sad story from Mexico? Okay our IP Hugo Mendez and I have a picture of him to show you. He was a gay primary school teacher found stabbed to death in Mexico. A teacher who worked in Puebla. He was found murdered in his home neighbors called the authorities after they heard a struggle. When paramedics arrived to help him he was already dead. Police are investigating the incident as a hate crime. Mendez was killed because of his sexuality according to activists. Individuals close to him described him as a very committed and sensitive person who would receive numerous threats because of his sexuality. As well as teaching kids, Mendez was a dance coach and costumer for a youth group. He also dedicated himself to humanitarian efforts and charity causes for children in Puebla. They did not kill him for being a teacher or for selling costumes or for having a dance group.  He was one of us an activist said. Around six members of the LGBTQI community are murdered each month in Mexico. At least 202 murders of LGBTI people occurred between 2014 and 2016. Trans women face the majority of the violence.  Alejandro Brito executive director of the human rights group there said they're often killed by gangs. The activist has also noted the pattern of violence was different depending on the victim's sexual orientation or gender identity. Gay men are often targeted by robbers with gangs even specializing in this type of crime. These criminals often seduce the person either in person or via an app and then once the victim's home they kill him. It's not enough for the criminal to rob them. Brito said he kills them and so with cruelty with extreme brutality and does so with cruelty and extreme brutality as if they were he were punishing the victim for his sexual orientation. Very sad and just today as I was leaving I saw that another LGBTQ activist was murdered in Mexico and I'll report on that next time. Is this in the countryside or Mexico City? That was a cuaca and this was in Puebla small town. I think it's pervasive. It's everywhere, sure. Should I go on with another story? No. It's another downer. So we can wait but I'll get to it. Black lesbian talk was canceled at a Catholic school. Vernetta Alston, a Durham City Council member was to speak at the Immaculata Catholic School for Black History Month. The entire event was canceled because some groups planned to protest although it was never clear or named any of these quote protest groups so I don't really know if there was any protest groups. There were complaints anyway. There were complaints but they said they were going to cancel it because there were going to be these protests and but you know nobody could really say what these protests would be so and interestingly she's also an alumni of this particular school and she was quoted as saying she feels that the school is depriving students the chance to honor Black History Month and in doing so is condemning the lives and rights of the LGBT community. They are sending a sad regressive and life-altering message to our children and I have a picture of her which you can see. So they canceled all of Black History Month events because of this one woman who was invited. I'm assuming they didn't know she was gay when they invited her but and she was an alumni but I don't know. An alumna. Yeah. She went to school there. She did. A federal judge ruled that the University of Iowa could not deregister a student group for denying gay student for leadership. This is really interesting because this is a very conservative business group called Business Group Leaders in Christ and one of their members who was gay wanted to be part of the leadership and they told him no because he was gay he couldn't and so the school tried to reprimand this group saying you know you can't discriminate against a person in your group because he's gay and but the court said that the University could not punish for violating human rights for discriminating against a student based on sexual orientation. The conservative group supports a bill under consideration in Iowa to shield conservative groups and provide space for individual freedom. The bill has advanced through the senate committee so I'll be more on that. So I thought that was pretty interesting. Okay two black men are dead but Ed Buck is still at home. His home has had protesters. It's been kneeling a month since 55 year old Timothy Dean died there. A month since 100 protesters and reporters came to his house and this is the second death that's occurred there and the community is getting pretty frustrated with why nothing has been done in two months.  Yeah. Okay. He gives lots of money. Now this is a good story because the life of Texas hate group leader left him for a woman. I know. Jonathan Sanez is president of Texas values. The state's leading anti-LGBT group and says that the ultimate goal of the pro-LGBT bills that are proposed are trying to ban the bible. I don't remember the bible ever being mentioned in any of no. In 2011 his wife divorced him to be with a female co-worker. Oh well. I know. You think that's why he's pissed? I think he was pissed before. Was he? I think he was pissed before. I think he's just a curmudgeon. Okay. I'm done. I think she was good for getting out. Yeah. So a little follow-up with the buck. There's two murders. Why is he still walking the street and there's questions about how investigations are being done? Right. Is this really not being given the attention it deserves because they were- He's a big donor. Well, and also because they were gay young men of color. Yeah. So Toronto. I was just thinking about that. As a serial killer, he is going to plead guilty to the eight murders that they've charged him with, which when you look at the analysis of the police's investigation, they only took it seriously with the last victim who was a white middle-class gay man. All of the others were immigrants, people of color. And what I did not see, and it seems to have just fallen by the wayside, they were looking at a series of murders 20 years ago in this same region when our same confess serial killer was living there that were never solved. And for which the community said, we think there is a serial killer here. The police were like, no, no, no, no, no. And it's really bringing out the homophobia within the Toronto police. There were investigations and how justice is done. Well, there was that one in Australia, the same thing, right? Chased you and you're going over the edge of the cliff and it's like, oh no, there's no connection. They slept. Are you going to say something about Toronto pride? In the analysis I read, if I may, pride is in the shambles over the question of the police. Yeah. Last year, there was a huge split. Black Lives Matters initially had stopped the parade because of the police presence. That was two years ago. Last year, the controversy was renewed and the decision was made that the LGBTQ members of law enforcement could participate as an organization as a group, but they could not be in uniform. And it's still not resolved as far as... And what I read was all these revelations now are rekindling the whole dispute and it's falling apart. That's what I heard. They need to find a corporate sponsor. But that's another conversation. I'm ready to expatiate. Okay. I'm feeling vulnerable yet again. So some pieces of legislation here. As I had said, as of July 1st, there will be new licenses issued. The Department of Motor Vehicle has a new software vendor. So there's lots of things happening with the license, including the press release saying there's a holographic imagery of the Vermont logo and butterflies on the license now. I can hardly wait. That would, in theory, make them more difficult to forge. But there's also going to be a non-binary option under gender. You can put male, female, or ex. Senator Bray, who is from Addison County, had heard about this and said, okay, well, we should go further. We should look at the rest of state-issued documents, state-issued identification. Is gender included? If so, is there a real need to include this? Does something happen with that information? Or are we merely doing it because, oh my, is what we've always done? Or do we include a non-binary option wherever gender is being entered? So it's going to be interesting to see what happens with that. What happens if you have an ex on your license and you don't want to get a federal passport? Was that going to be an issue? Because they asked for birth certificate and all that kind of stuff. Who knows, huh? Well, I was going to say, as I'm thinking really quickly, looking at the documents that were required in applying for a passport, it may become more of an issue when we get to a non-binary option on birth certificates. We're not there yet. And there are other forms of identification other than merely the enhanced driver's license that you're supplying. There would be other documents that potentially would meet that requirement and is there really a need to have it on passports? I didn't say that. The other bill that's been introduced as of interest is H185. And this has been introduced by Representative Rachelson from Burlington. And this is looking at all of those, and here's the language, gender segregated school programs, activities and facilities. And what this bill is basically doing is a student bill of rights, that you should be allowed to participate in any of those activities or facilities based upon your identified gender, not necessarily the gender on record with the educational facility. So they just heard this for the first time today. And basically it's just an introduction. The sponsor comes in and says, this is what I introduced. This is the reason I introduced it. This is what it will do. So we'll be following the committee closely to see what it is that happens. The other bill that's going through and that we're watching really closely is H3, which would create an ethnic and social studies standard curriculum task force. And LGBTQ is clearly identified in the bill. However, it is running into some debate because sexual orientation and gender identity were added into the bill actually fairly late in the process and were included under the reporting requirements, that the Department of Education School districts would be required to collect information. What the bill is really looking at doing is trying to create a database where we can look at demographics and performance and say, okay, people of color, this is how they're performing and this is the issues of bullying and harassment that may be having an impact on that. And what the Department of Education came into committee and was saying is we do not currently ask students to identify sexual orientation and gender identity, nor do we ask their parents to identify it of the student. So it's data that they are not collecting and they had real concerns that if they started requiring this, a student in middle school, and I keep thinking about our youth edition where they're still learning about themselves and, oh, these are my true options and this is what it means and these are the language to define it. Excuse me. My response back to the people who are working on the bill is that at this point in time in as far as gathering information, I am more concerned about school districts being required to investigate and report in a comprehensive manner the incidents of bullying and harassment because at this point in time school districts are not reported, are not required to report those to anybody under any circumstance. That's not okay. And by virtue of looking at the harassment and bullying, what you're really looking at is the motivation. Whether you really do know if I am or are not a gay man, the fact that you are harassing me because of my perception that I might be, that's what we really want. What is this happening in schools? And then we can start looking at, okay, can we start gathering information so we can make a direct correlation to how that is impacting students' performance because we already get some of this data from the Department of Health Youth risk survey where they look at the really high percentage of students who identify as transgendered not wanting to go to school because it doesn't feel safe. We can really start collecting some of the data in a comprehensive manner. So you've got a bunch of time now. Do I? Let's go to Ilsky in Russia. No, because they're going to do bad things. They did bad things.  Their bodies were discovered. People talked to a correspondent who went down to investigate and didn't want to be named in the story, not because they were ashamed of how these two men were harassed and even murdered, but because they were embarrassed that a gay couple lived in their town at all.  They had struggles every step of the way with the town authorities. They began to fight with neighbors. Local youth began to torment and abuse them. Dumetsov started lobbying the local government for priority housing that many in the community felt he didn't deserve. He regularly called local officials demanding assistance and entitlements. He was the son of a World War II veteran, his mother served in the naval war against Japan. After the reporter left, police arrested a 23-year-old named Alexander Fett Ogly. He had been incarcerated for burglary. He has a history with the local Cossacks. As a teenager, he traveled to Krimsk in 2012 with the group helping flood relief efforts. His father was also a Cossack member. The young man was arrested a day before he was due to ship out for contract military service. He confessed to the killings claiming that the gay men had made a pass at him. While they were all drinking together and he defended himself, it seems he went a bit overboard, the police told the reporter. On January 13, Dumetsov remains were laid to rest next to his mother's grave. Gauldin's body is still at the town morgue as official search for his relatives. He won't be buried beside his longtime part. So we'll skip Brazil since I already summarized it.  The duo of Elmgreen and Dragset was first commissioned to do the memorial in 2003, located near Berlin's Holocaust Museum. The sculpture is dedicated to homosexuals who were persecuted by the Nazis during World War II when men could be arrested for even so much as kissing each other in public, which is what we were talking about last time. Inside the memorial, a short looped video typically plays. The video is switched every few years and I have a picture now of the memorial. This marks the second time the work titled Memorial to Homosexuals Persecuted Under Nazism has been defaced since it was unveiled in 2008. They should point the camera right at it from across the street or something. It resembles a cuboidal concrete block with a small window carved into it.  Authorities have been investigating it as a politically motivated matter. A few months after the work was first erected, viewers ripped down the fencing and smashed the sculptures window. Obviously, many people still have homophobic tendencies in German politicians, old writers. We should see where Patriot Front was that weekend. Yeah, really. Let's talk about a colorful incident on the London Underground. Where they were charging admission. I have a picture of the two gentlemen involved. They are George Mason 35 and Nicholas Milan 24. They shot an X-rated film as they had an orgy and just three stops on the northern line. This is between Lester and Waterloo. We've been on that. We have. The journey only lasts for five minutes, but the reindeer pair managed to perform an array of sexual activity. In five minutes? Mason later posted the film on Twitter and boasted it is outrageously horny. We could not stop ourselves. The porn star, who goes by this stage name, Hung Young Brit, has now been given an 18 month community service order and fined a thousand pounds with core costs of 170 pounds. Mullen, who calls himself Toby on a male escort site, was handed a 12 month community order and required to pay core costs of 170 pounds. Both admitted outraging public decency at Westminster Magistrates Court following the ROM in July 2017. The court heard how the pair, who were previously in a relationship, but not at the time they had sex, had spent the day together in north London before deciding to lead to head to Mason's home in south work. But as they traveled on the busy train, the amorous lovers put an esteemy display to the horror of other passengers, while the third man filmed them. British Transport Police were contacted when another gay man reported- I'm sorry I wasn't on that train. That would have been something. The Transport Police were contacted when another gay man reported the video had been uploaded on February 19th last year. Magistrate Lucinda Lubbock was shown stills of the sex acts and said this was a very unpleasant and serious offense on the public underground. Giving the pair orders, community orders, she added, this is a lesson to both of you. You have been humiliated in the court of social media. All my years writing on public transit. Well, our trivia question. Gay kissing. Sounds like fun. 1988. And you have stories to share. St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York City, 75 lesbians and gay men in protest of Cardinal John O'Connor. What a lovely man he was. And you wanted to add that Ann Northrop was arrested at this very protest and carried out bodily from the St. Patrick's Cathedral. All are welcome. Well, I think that's it for tonight, don't you? Isn't there another part? No, no, you did that. Well, I did the flirtations. I didn't get a chance to expatiate, but I will next time. I wanted to expatiate about the corporatization of Pride Day. I think that's a show in and of itself. Well, I'm ready. So what do you have to say? I say, as always, resist.


This video is for all of you who faced a rejection for the fall 22 intake and are appearing again for the interview this month. In this video, we're going to consolidate all the resources to give you a complete preparation guide for your next F1 visa interview. Keep on watching. Hi guys, my name is Shachi and I'm a travel and visa coach. On this channel, you'll find lots of useful videos on the US visa process. There is a complete playlist for the fall 22 intake. Make sure that you check it out. Now we've been closely watching and monitoring all the rejections that have been happening over the last two months across embassies in India. And after analyzing this data, we have classified the rejections into five categories and you're pretty sure that your reason for rejection would fall into one of these categories. So in this video, we're going to go through each of these categories and point you to a useful resource, a useful video, which will help you understand what was the reason for rejection and how to fix it for your next attempt. So let's get started. So the first reason for rejection is university. Now, not being able to justify why you have selected the university was the single biggest reason for rejection in the fall 22 intake. And this is a question which troubled a lot of students, especially those who went to the Mumbai embassy. If your interview is going to start with the question, why this university? Then getting those first few words, first sentence right is critically important. I cannot stress enough how important it is to structure your answer in such a way that the first few words are impactful and communicate the exact reason for choosing this university. So if your interview went southwards after the question by this university, you need to rework the way you are presenting your reasoning for this. Check out this video. This is a detailed video which is going to explain you how you need to structure the answers. It includes do's and don'ts and includes sample answers as well. In addition to that, this video is also going to point you to more resources through which you can find unique points about the university. So do check it out. Bring in an interesting fact. Let's talk to Janvi and see how she answers this question. So Janvi, why did you pick this university? I selected this university because the course curriculum has a dedicated career track and cybersecurity. The second reason for rejection is funding. Now funding was the second biggest reason for rejection for fall 22 interviews. And in this cases, we saw that either the funding was not sufficient, the numbers just didn't add up or the information was not complete. Though the student had the funding sources, but the complete information was not presented to the visa officer. So you need to take care of both these things, having sufficient funds and presenting it clearly to the visa officer. So for this, we have a dedicated video which talks about the five possible mistakes you could be making while presenting your funding and how you need to fix it. So if you felt that your F1 visa interview lacked when it comes to the funding part, do check out this video which will explain to you what are the possible mistakes you could have made in your last attempt and obviously how to fix it. The third reason for rejection was the course. Many interviews started with basic questions such as which course, why this course and if you're going to fumble, mumble, make a mess, it's going to be a problem. So make sure that basic questions such as which course, why this course, what you want to study in US are done absolutely perfectly. And for this, we have a video which is going to explain just how you can do that. So this video explains to you how to answer questions related to your course and your course curriculum to the visa officer. So make sure to check out this video. And as a bonus, the video also includes some of the latest F1 visa questions which have been asked in the last two months. So that's going to help you as well. The fourth reason for rejection was not practicing enough. Now you might have structured the answers in your head. You might know that, okay, this is what I'm going to say to the visa officer. But if you have not practiced, not taken marks, there's a very good chance that on the actual day of the interview, when you're standing in front of the viewer, the words are not going to come out the way you thought they would, right? So if you felt that for your F1 in your previous F1 interview, you prepared, you knew what to say, but you just couldn't say it. That means that you need to double down on the practice that you did. And this can be fixed by taking mock interviews. So we have a video which is a live mock interview video. And this video will take you through all the questions for the Fall 22 intake, give you time to practice it. And of course, also, and explain to you how you can assess your performance. So watch this video before watching it. Make sure that you turn off all distractions, give yourself enough time and take a live mock interview with me. In addition to this, if you want to take an actual interview with me, we can do that in a one-to-one session. So you can book a mock interview session with me. The link for that is in the description box below. Make it very close to the actual visa interview and this will not only give you a practice session, but also help you in structuring the answers and identifying the potential mistakes which can improve your chances of getting the F1 visa. So the link for this is in the description box below. Make sure to check it out. This is the approximate time you will have in the actual visa interview as well. So try to answer and complete your answer within this stipulated period of time. Tell me about yourself. What have you done since graduation? And fifth, last but not the least, the reason for rejection were mistakes in basics. And it was quite sad to see so many visas getting rejected due to very simple mistakes in basics such as the I-20 service fee payment. So many times the I-20 had errors in it and the student was just sent back to fix the I-20 and come back. And in many cases, never issues with service fee payment. Either the fee was not paid, the fee was paid but not reflecting in their system or the fee was paid to the incorrect university. So it would be such a waste of all the efforts that you did if you went for the interview and got rejected because of certain mistakes in basics like this. So make sure that you check all of these basics. And for this, we have a video which tells you how to do it. So in this video, you will see a checklist of all the basics that you need to be covered before you even think of the interview preparation. So watch this video and make sure that you are absolutely thorough with all the basics and there are no mistakes in any of that. Speaking of the basics, I also want to tell you about the 7-day program that we have for the fall-22 intake. So if you are looking for a stress-free, complete preparation guide which is going to take care of everything, right from understanding your profile, filling your DS-160 form, answer structuring two multiple mock sessions, then the 7-day program is just for you. And this is basically an end-to-end preparation guide and students who have taken it have found it absolutely useful. So if you too are looking for a thorough preparation for your next FNV interview, do check out the 7-day program. The link for that is in the description box below. So these were the top five reasons for rejections for fall-22 intake and how you can fix it. In addition to that, I also want to reiterate the importance of dressing well and presenting yourself properly to the visa officer. So before you go for the next interview, also make sure that you are wearing the right clothes, the right attire. And for this, of course we have a video. So there is a video on what exactly you need to wear for your FNV interview for both boys and girls. So make sure that you watch this video and prepare yourself accordingly. In addition to all these video resources, we also have some free PDF resources which will help you in your preparation. So let me quickly tell you about that. First one is a F1 question bank. So we have consolidated all the possible interview questions which have been asked in the last two months into one question bank. And this PDF question bank will basically give you the complete set of questions you need to prepare. So do download this PDF. The link for that is in the description box. The second is a document checklist. So documents are asked very rarely. But you need to go thoroughly prepared with respect to the documents, especially the financial documents. So we have a financial and a complete document checklist. The link for that is right below. And last we have a D-Day checklist as well. So once you're thorough with everything, you want to run through a final checklist to make sure that you are 100% ready for the visa interview. And the D-Day checklist is going to help you do just that. So all of these useful resources are mentioned in the description box. You can check it out. So I hope that this video has given you a complete preparation guide for your next F1 visa interview. And you are able to find the reason for rejection and fix it. I can only understand how a rejection can be disheartening. It's remotivating. But what you need to remember is that F1 visa interviews, rejections can be fixed. There are tons and tons of examples of people facing multiple rejections and yet getting their visa approved. So there is always light at the end of this tunnel. It's all about finding what went wrong, getting into the right strategy and of course executing it. If you need any more help and want to work with me one-to-one, do get in touch. The links for all of the ways in which you can prepare with me is right below in the description box. We have more useful content coming up in this channel for the fall 2020 for the August month. And more useful videos which will tell you about how you can overcome this rejection. So make sure that you subscribe, press the bell icon and stay tuned. That's all for today. If you have any more questions, feel free to leave it in the comment section below. Or reach out to me personally on Instagram. My Instagram handle is at shachi.mall. You can DM me here. Signing off for now. I'll see you in the next one. Bye.


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ThinkTek Hawaii, civil engagement lives here. Hey, hello, and welcome to Stand the Energy Man on Statehood Day here in Hawaii. It was 60 years ago this month that Stand the Energy Man rolled into Waikiki and made Hawaii home. So this is a special, special week for me. Anyway, we're glad to be here today talking about energy and a topic that actually is kind of mysterious to a lot of folks. And I convinced Brian Willbins from Burns and Mack that we should probably spend a little bit of time talking about how you turn heat into air conditioning because it just seems like a magical sort of system. So we're going to talk about how to do basic air conditioning first, and then we'll talk about some more advanced stuff where you actually take heat and turn it into cold. To start off with though, Ryan and I do work together on an Air Force project out at Hickam, and I'd like to show a quick video. I'm going to bring this video in from time to time and get a lot of visibility on it because I think it's a great intro to renewable energy microgrids, which we firmly believe is the future, especially here in Hawaii. We're already committed to 100% renewable energy by 2045 on the grid and also reducing our transportation fossil fuels in similar timeframe as the grid. So anyway, if we can roll the video, we'll talk about some microgrids. There are over 300 million people in our country and the vast majority rely on large scale centralized power grids for their energy. But the infrastructure is aging and it is vulnerable. Natural disasters, cyber attacks and other threats can leave large swaths of the country without power. Fortunately, there is an alternative. A renewable energy microgrid represents a different path for the future. Renewable microgrids generate power from sources like solar, wind, hydrogen, waste to energy and geothermal. That power can be stored within the localized system using technologies such as advanced batteries, hydrogen, flywheels, pumped hydro and others. These microgrids can provide reliable and efficient energy transmission, especially to critical facilities like hospitals, airports and military bases. Unlike our current large scale systems, microgrids eliminate single points of failure and are therefore more resilient to disasters, threats and power outages. Our current energy infrastructure loses a lot of money. Grid outages cost up to $33 billion annually. They are expensive to build, expand and maintain. And they're inefficient, losing more than half of the initial energy to factors such as line loss, spending reserves and theft. Microgrids solve these issues and greatly reduce transmission loss and maximize efficiency. They also reduce carbon emissions and eliminate imported fuel costs, keeping money within our local economy and even create new local industries and jobs based on clean renewable energy. Our energy grid was built over 100 years ago. When energy needs were simple with the increased complexities of energy demands, power sources and transportation. Now our old grid struggled to keep up. We required new ways to generate, store and deliver energy. Renewable energy microgrids are a potential long term solution that will provide safe, clean, reliable and efficient energy for generations to come. So that's a little glimpse of what Ryan Woobins and his shop and our shop work on. And the real takeaway from that is microgrids are not common and there's actually quite a few definitions about what a microgrid is out there. But what makes what we're doing so valuable and unique is that when you get to a certain penetration level of intermittent renewable like wind and solar that's not always there, clouds come over, wind stops blowing, it turns into nighttime. You need to have energy storage and the balance of batteries to other energy storage in your mix on a renewable microgrid is really a lot trickier than most people think. It's a challenge that really no major utility has conquered yet. So we're trying to do it on a smaller scale and hopefully inform the larger utilities, some of the possibilities they have to maybe sector up their grids and have dispatchable power based on renewable energy microgrids. So Ryan thanks for being on the show today and talking about some stuff that I know that I don't truly understand and that's air conditioning. It's as a fine arts major. It's all a mystery to me. I just throw the switch and it goes but it's always intrigued me because I've heard as I talk to some of the companies that we work with, some of the contractors that we have this waste heat and we can use it to heat buildings, we can use it to do this, and we can do air conditioning with it and I go, really? How do you make air conditioning out of heat? It's just like counterintuitive to me, I just don't get it. So I actually thought today what we could do is we could talk about basic air conditioning first because it's a pretty straightforward concept but still one that's hard to get your head around because we think of water as a fluid and it boils at 200 something degrees and it freezes at 32 degrees and we're familiar with that cycle and that doesn't seem to do much for you in air conditioning cycle but when you change that fluid to a fluid or an element that it does boil at a much lower temperature and it does turn into a gas at a temperature close to what we have as ambient here, you can actually do some really cool stuff with it so maybe you can help me explain that so we've got to I'll give you a shot to just start talking about it then we'll bring up a graphic and then we'll run through that graphic and call it up whenever you want to. So we've talked micro grids a number of times and that's that's fun I can talk about that all day it's great I think you're gonna test my electrical knowledge today. Well we're gonna stretch out, I'm certain by the end of the period for sure. Electrical engineering to the AC world but they're related and that's why that's why we talk about it too the micro grids that their best are using all their resources they can when we talk about waste heat even a generator or our common electrical use as I'm producing power I'm producing heat and I'm taking it from somewhere else just as your car engine gets hot that that's heat wasted by that fuel because it wasn't turning the wheel it was pumping out heat instead something else got hot and then it comes from somewhere. A micro grid when it's done really well to become really efficient will take that heat and use it somewhere else I think we've talked about you know maybe maybe using heat in Alaska to heat your building and it's not as useful here in Hawaii. Well that's a real simple transition you take the heat and push it to someplace where you need heat exactly that's pretty straightforward yep so that one's easy that one's easy now we're a little bit tougher because we're trying to use heat and I like your name was it make heat cool again it's always been rather cool being chemistry but yeah so it is possible let's let's scale back and talk about conventional air conditioning first and and the general premise in chemistry that that all of these are going to stem off of is that when water right now water when a liquid transforms evaporates into a gas it's taking heat with it it's if you if you think about a water droplet that's sitting on on your skin maybe after you get out of the water or out of the shower and then you start to feel cool what's happening is those droplets of water they're grabbing the heat that's around them and jumping up and becoming gas when you when you take that energy when you absorb that heat and switch to gas that energy has to come from somewhere there's always an equilibrium amount of energy if you within the universe as we've talked before well first law from a dynamics right energy is either created or destroyed it just changes form yep so as you take heat and become a gas cool is somewhere else and that's where it came from so when you get out of the water the skin has all of our even as you sweat and you start evaporating you start to feel cool that is the basic premise of what we're going to talk about with air conditioning today so it's the same idea if you can keep rolling back to that but we're gonna add some additional steps because we don't have we're gonna start with heat it's not gonna be quite the same can't just throw water on a hot pipe and think that's gonna make us cool air it is not quite that simple so so suffice it to say that the terms heat and cold are relative I mean right now we're at 75 degrees or 72 degrees here in the studio and it's comfortable and and everything feels nice and but if it was 32 degrees we'd feel cold and and water would be freezing and things and if it was 110 degrees we'd be sweating and it'd be hot but with different chemicals or different elements there's different boiling points and you know like steel is solid at room temperature at this temperature but you heat it to 2,500 degrees and now it's maybe liquid and liquefies and probably if you get it to 8,000 degrees and vaporizes and turns into a gas but it takes a lot of energy to get it there but I actually set it on the table and it melts so the idea of temperature is relative and different chemicals are different and different elements we can exploit that by putting them into closed systems and applying pressure or releasing pressure or applying heat or applying cold so is that is that pretty fair it absolutely is so we can change the properties of the chemical or we can change the the pressure around it so water boiling at 100 is is only true at one atmospheric pressure we go in much higher in the mountain ranges we'll start to see that that boiling point drop drop so we got a lot of variables we get a play with and we'll go and attack chemistry and use that to our advantage well one thing we just always will talk about and even on the show today is that energy doesn't come free we need to realize that that is we're creating heat we're taking cool from somewhere else vice versa but also there's times where we're inputting energy so I think we could start and look at just your window AC unit okay and talk about that process and how that goes through and where that energy input is okay it's not a one for one and we just don't get free cool air from from hot air okay we'll throw the graphic up now we'll talk to the graphic a little bit and and this is basically a simple window air conditioner unit in a real basic closed loop form so why don't you talk about those different components and what you're doing and what's happening so you look at this picture and your room where you're sitting would be considered on the left side which would be good as that's the cool air and then that that the big side of the air conditioner sitting on the right side where the heat is going outside the window yep consider the blue is actually the whole loop would be the the chemical that we're playing with here which is a chemical that has a low boiling point that's that's the key to how this is going to work without really a bunch of heavy industrial components here so something like free on or something to use a refrigerant yep yep free on is the best one that we realized right away that is that is cheap readily available and has that low boiling point I've heard I think the term that I had most recently heard to free on is that it murders the ozone layer so that's why we we've gone to some other different coolants but it very good at having a very low boiling point okay so what happens is we let's start with a cooler section right now basically this is just a pipe a radiator of pipes in your house that we're pushing a low boiling point liquid through which like the free on what that does it's absorbing though the warmer air within your room and it starts boiling it evaporates and directly into the gas is that low the temperature I don't know the actual temperature for free on but it's considerably low as it boils or it jumps to gas which said earlier it's taking heat with it and it behind it it leaves cool the cooler temperature that cool temperature is sitting on the outside of that radiator on the outside of the pipe so behind that cool air radiator you have on on the right side of it there'd be a fan and it's just gonna blow pushing across across the pipes and that cools the air because the pipes are cool so that that evaporator at the bottom is basically kind of a valve that only lets so much of the liquid through and there's pressure on the on the on the hot side and less pressure on the blue side though and and it's like when you spray a can of paint or something and the can starts to get cold as the pressure is released the can starts to get colder and colder to your hand yep because it's pulling it's pulling heat yep and it's it feels cold to your hand it's it's got a rapid expansion to it as well with the with the volume so that's exactly the same it's as the air cell can is what's happening on the bottom side the reason the pressure was so high on the other side of that evaporator if we continue to up to our compressor we're at the top here we have this boiling free on it's hot at this point and we need to get back into reusing this we want to take that heat and get rid of it so we can go reuse that that free on on the bottom side of our diagram the it's not easy just just getting rid of heat quickly so what we do here is we add the compressor and we play with thermodynamics by increasing the pressure very very fast we can actually force the the free on back down into a liquid form and which is actually rather clever it takes some of the heat out by that point and then we're we'll shove that back through another radiator and blow the coils across that so that he gets pushed out we're stripping it off with the fan and we're still at a much higher pressure but the liquid is now cooled down as as we push that out into the air yeah because the relative air temperature outside is still cooler than that free on when it's when it's in the liquid form yeah that's the neat neat component about free on that's for that relativity piece came in but we're going to take a quick break now we'll be right back with Ron Wolbins and get into the real mysterious part about how this air conditioning system works a little bit more and maybe even getting into exchanging heat for cool hello I'm Dave Stevens host of the cyber underground this is where we discuss everything that relates to computers that's just going to scare you out of your mind so come join us every week here on think tech Hawaii calm 1 p.m. on Friday afternoons and then you can go see all our episodes on YouTube just look up the cyber underground on YouTube all our shows will show up and please follow us we're always giving you current relevant information to protect you keeping you safe hello and welcome back to stand the energy man here on admissions day in Honolulu Hawaii congratulations to the citizens of Hawaii for was it 1959 we became a state so that's awesome we've made it so far hopefully we can keep it together for a few more years at any rate we're talking air conditioning with Ryan Wolbins from Bernstein McDonald and you know we we're gonna throw that graphic up again for just a few more seconds and we'll talk a little bit more about it this is a closed system loop very much like a window air conditioner and I want to compare it to some of the experiences we have when we when we deal with hydrogen because these same principles even though we're not dealing with freon we're dealing with hydrogen it's the same principles apply when I when I take hydrogen out of my station and pump it into a car under pressure it heats the cars tank up just like on the right side is this graphic and when I push the the or pull the hydrogen out of my storage tanks it looks like the left side because we're dropping the pressure and it's cooling down it's it's pulling heat out and cooling itself down so this is a universal principle with virtually all elements it's just different elements have different temperatures at which they boil and boil off into gas or turn into a liquid or turn into a solid so the trick with air conditioning is picking the right kind of fluid or the right element to throw in this loop that keeps that boiling point real close to what we're comfortable with 70 something degrees maybe Fahrenheit and run it through this cycle pressurize it on one side it gets really hot but not as hot as but it's hotter than what we have for ambient temperature and running it through that radiator or heat exchanger on the right cools it back down a little bit run it through that that squeeze valve called evaporator on the bottom and it actually when the pressure is released off on the left side it's it starts to chill out again and then we blow that cold air into the room and take the a little bit warmer gas now and put it back in the compressor and keep it going through the cycle so this is a really basic air conditioning system and it's really pretty easy for even a guy like me to follow but we're going to go a step up here and I don't have a graphic for it I actually looked for one but even the graphic was too complicated for me to put on the screen where I thought we could explain it and it was too hard to draw but it has the same basic principles except that they're they're more involved there's there's more loops than just a single loop there's actually a couple loops and a couple stages to it but you can actually use the hot bleed air or air that's waist heat from another process like a big engine or something and you can use that heat to do similar work that the compressor does in other words to get that side back into a gas you can heat it up and and and get the conversions to go between gas and and liquid again so Ryan I'll let you try and take it from there I know that you're an electrical engineer not a mechanical engineer but you're way smarter than me so I'll let you lead the discussion here yeah we'll let the the level of science try and kick in and see what we can get out right so what we're talking about now is is is flipping from adding that compressor previously that compressor was our external energy that we were adding into the electricity we had to put in there right to get that that cooling or that that compression effect back on to the the fray on so that we could push it back through and get it back into the liquid form what we'll use now instead of using the electrical compressor we're gonna add a second stage on so we're gonna have like two loops of cooling that go on here and in the end we will take our hot air and hot medium and and and come back out with like a chilled water or something we could use for our conditioning it should be known that this is rather old technology but it's really only effective at a much larger scale you're gonna see see this on a house I think there are even RVs that they use this because some of their their motor heat is so high that they can they can handle this this type of loop but maybe one day the technology will change and we can have something like this use more on yeah not to not to go too far off track but I rented an RV once on the mainland or in Alaska and made a trip and the refrigerator ran off of propane I mean the coolant in the refrigerator was the propane so you could burn the propane on the stove and they also use the propane as a refrigerant in that same site type of cycle and it actually was a very cheap way to run the refrigerator yep and appliances are sold that way so your refrigerator the one we have here the one that you saw in Alaska is the same idea of what's in your window unit it's just we put in a box and we turn the temperature down even more right insulated better than we insulated our single wall house here so an absorption absorption chiller the idea is we have a hot product and we're gonna use a medium most commonly used a lithium bromide I think that's essentially salt water in a way and what we'll do is we'll take this lithium bromide and we're gonna run it into our hot water and the lithium bromide at this time is considered a weak solution so it's got a lot of water in it too as we run it through that I'm getting very hot what will happen is that the lithium bromide will split off because the water is going to evaporate because we're dealing with really hot at this point a high pressure 700 degree temperatures so we're driving out the water we're gonna set it on to another side of our tank we're gonna drive down this this at this point strong lithium bromide solution and we're all at a very high pressure we'll send the lithium bromide off and we'll take the water on the other side as it is already evaporated and we're gonna try and cool it to where we can start using that really that hot that steamy air I'm gonna take a peek at another diagram here okay to try and try and cheat a little bit okay so this this this water this hot water is is dealt with on this high pressure side we had a cool water loop tank that we're here we're gonna have to talk about a little bit but that that was allowing us to condense the water back to where we could use it and run it back through our low pressure system loop what happened with the sodium bromide now let's follow that back down a little bit and we're taking that through a heat exchanger that's gonna drop its temperature a little bit and push that through a low pressure tank now that we changed the pressure that's going to expand and cool as well okay so we're cooling on that side which created the cool water that we used up above that I said we were just gonna kind of magically appear with but what's happening in this low pressure tank now is we are creating a cooling effect on this bottom side because we had that expansion on the low pressure side on the other side of the tank where we are doing the same thing where we are pushing water back down over our what which will then be our cool side and having that a separate loop it's the it's a separate loop you know so now this water side which was the condensing and evaporated side is very similar to what we are showing before that's where you're going to expand and you're instead of blowing air across it these are typically coils that your spraying water showering water like a children unit yep so this this low pressure tank is is really actually very cool in temperature and the sodium bromide is doing something really cool where it's taking on a lot of it's taking on water very fast because it likes to take on water it doesn't like to sit in its in its what I say the heavy concentrated form very much so it's gonna accelerate the water being pulled into it which helps move everything through the system so it's I probably butchered that in a few ways but we're playing with thermodynamics in two different stages we're playing with pressures in addition to the temperatures and we're forcing one to separate another and in that form we can essentially do what we did on the other format but we weren't using an actual compressor that time we're using the case so let me ask you some questions and maybe that'll help everybody kind of see it these are two separate loops they don't they don't cross over but they go through a common area where there's heat exchange in that process right you have two separate loops going through the sun on the one side you've got the bromide lithium bromide solution but on the other side you have it a different element running through that loop right so you're kind of using two boiling point two different kind of boiling points to to get that real hot lithium side cool to a level and then another system that takes it the next step and takes it for more of an ambient temperature into the refrigeration piece is that a fairly good comparison there are two separate loops going like this but when we get them back to the tanks they they they intermix and that's where the magic is happening when we're on our upper high pressure tank we're bringing in and pouring across a a low concentrated lithium bromide with water so we are mixed on this loop that's coming in on the on the other side as we get it hot that's where we we separate out into two different loops again because we're on one side of the tank it's just a barrier sitting in the middle of the tank and we're gonna let the hot water go to one side we're gonna let the lithium bromide just fall down that that's as simple as that there's we're not not sitting in there separating by any mechanical device and then they're gonna split back out and we'll use them we're crossing every which way because I want to get my water back on to the other side of the low pressure tank and we're doing the same thing down here on the low pressure side okay so we had hot and we did some magic and we bring it down here and we we flipped up the pressure and the temperature again on the low pressure side and we drive out cold air our cold water okay well I hope that's really clear to everybody it's still a little bit of a mystery to me but I think I understand a little bit better and if nothing else we're gonna encourage a bunch of folks to go be chemical engineers and and really learn about how to do this stuff and we'll get some mechanical engineers and maybe maybe you can bring one of your mechanical engineers next time they will I need to bug through the grill we could go through a system a neat place to do this is in a co-gen unit where you use a fuel whether it's natural gas something generate a lot of steam I'm gonna drive that steam through a turbine that generates electricity that's where I start to have fun I'm gonna give the steam to somebody else it's just got cooler and they're gonna use it for boiling products or water maybe you're a factory that needs to boil some stuff but I still got this leftover heat now I can drive that through you and maybe a slower speed turbine and get some more energy out of it and then go back through my I still got enough heat at the bottom at the end of the day to run through an absorption shiller so I just got electrical power I got heat I got maybe a little bit more electrical power and cooling all out of one system that's awesome so that's key kind of the key to the whole reason we're talking about this is it goes back to sustainability taking that energy which is a finite just changes form kind of a commodity and use it as best we can the best way in the best form we can whether it's electricity or heat or cold or steam for expansion generation compression so the same principle that you see in air conditioning and these absorption shiller units is really actually similar to steam engines and Rankin cycle and the other temperature thermal kind of engines that give you mechanical power out of different pressures and different temperatures and boiling point of different chemicals it's really fascinating I wish I was back in high school again and can start my chemistry career all over and learn this a lot better but I hope you find it interesting we'll try and do some more clarification later but until next Friday I want to thank you for joining us thanks for being with Robert and Cindy here in the studio and thanks to Ryan Williams from earns and Mack for helping us out until next week Allah see you next week


Woman drives from Johannesburg to Durban to deliver lunch to a Facebook friend she never met before. She drove 600 kilometers to deliver lunch and love, to her Facebook friend that she has never even met before. Felicity Moyo, 24, from Observatory, Yoberg told Daily Sun she decided to give her boyfriend, Ajax Benkou, 25, the surprise of his life. Felicity said she was chatting to him on Wednesday last week when he told her he had been in an accident and he was hungry. By then she had already made up her mind but she didn't tell him her plans. With clever questioning she worked out what his favorite food was and then, with two of her friends who came along for moral support, Felicity jumped into her car and drove from Yoberg to Kwamashu in KZN for a first time meeting. A video of Felicity delivering lunch and a gift circulated on social media recently. And from the images it is clear that he was surprised and clearly delighted. It is not clear whether he or she, or both of them, were hiding happy tears, but it is very clear that he was surprised. Felicity explained they met on Facebook seven years ago but were both involved with other partners. Their relationship officially began on December 27 when it became clear that they were both single. When I laid eyes on him, I realized the trip was worth it, she said. I found myself very comfortable around him and I loved the way he presented himself. Felicity told the People's Paper she was initially planning on staying in Durban for a day but, surprise, surprise, she stayed a few days longer. Ajax told Daily Sun he never expected the visit. The guys are the ones who are expected to go the extra mile, he said. The first time I saw her I couldn't believe it was her. I started laughing and we started talking. Ajax said he has no doubt that Felicity showed her love by making the long drive. Felicity told the People's Paper that moving to Durban might be a possibility. First I extended my stay as long as could but then I had to get back to work. If things go well I might even move to Durban. Felicity said that she is happy to have found her soulmate. I'm looking forward to something long term, she said. Who knows? We might even get married.


Not with the hell, I'm talking about, remember, E.K., all y'all, y'all, so okay. Oh, all right. Yeah. That's crazy too, Koi. That showed me their true colors. That showed me, like, fake love too. I was just on the phone with him the other day. Oh, wow.   Like, yes he would, yes he would.    Yeah, that showed me a lot of nigga's true colors, well.  I don't like the color, it's sound. Show me.  Sound. Act. Act like it, act like it. Sound and like it. I feel like y'all will be going through y'all shit and y'all just don't be trying to talk about it and then it just ends up turning into chaos. I'm not. This is me, cause E.Dot used to be going through his shit too and he never used to want to talk about his problems either, but he would just start from me. I just feel like y'all just gotta talk to each other. So I'm glad that you and E.K. did talk. I don't know, like, where is that now? You know what I'm talking about? Yeah, cause I was upset about the murder of Beesha. She said, eat with the dot. Why are you around her?  Why are you around her? Right? Right. I just want to, feel me?  So I'm not, bro, dinner's like, bro, that's her, like, that's her, like, it's her. It's not like no, that's her, that's murder Beesha, bro. Like, like, what are you doing here? I don't even want to be at work, next question. And that's The Talk of the Town. Make sure you like, comment, subscribe and make sure you check out our website at www.talkofthetownshow.com.