Hey guys is Jen from iCrayCrafts in today's video. I'm going to be talking about design bundles dollar deals It starts as of today in two days and seven hours I really look forward to these deals that they do each a month and I'm really excited to show these off So if you're interested in any of these please sign up for them So you get the reminder when these deals do come up. You do not want to miss it Just got to sign up for the dollar deals here As always I would appreciate it if you guys could sign up under my referral link I honestly only get a couple cents per time you purchase something but that always adds up and it always just helps me Add to my youtube channel and be able to give you guys more content and updates when stuff like this happens So again, I'm being honest. I'm always open book. Please if you are not already signed up Please could you sign up under my referral link? I'd really appreciate it cost you nothing You won't even know that you're um under me. You're just gonna every time you purchase something It will just give me a couple cents per one So thank you if you have already and thank you for signing up if you would choose to So going on from here, I am really actually excited for a lot of these files As you can see this is grab a bargain 42 top rated products So each of these will be for a dollar once the day comes which would be wednesday at 5 p.m Central standard time So for me, it's 11 o'clock in the morning. So you always got to check out what time it is for you So i'm going to go through these really quickly and you can always browse on your own computer as well To kind of see which ones you want and I make a little list of ones that I really want to get So when the time comes and if I'm rushing and I don't have time to really look through them I already know what I want to get So off the bat, they're doing a lot of sublimation stuff So I'm going to grab a couple of them. So right here right off the bat, they're mom sports tumblers If you click on them, it will show you more in depth what they look like But these are pretty dang cool. So any mom that has a kid in any kind of sport This would actually be awesome for so that is the one that you're going to get there A couple of the ones that I'm actually going to be grabbing is this one right here I love working with these. I have around 12 inch signs and I often make these and they turn out really really cool So you can actually go in and you can download the file and then you can add whatever name It's like my mind would go in here. Man. I have a silly last name M-A-N-N So I would put that in here, but this would just be really really cute You can put on a shirt on mugs on wood signs Like I said, I do 12 inch round signs and they turn out really cute on there You just got to add your name, but it comes with the file there for it So it actually is pretty cute And the only thing you want to watch for is the prices on here So originally the normal price was five dollars on here You are getting it for a dollar if you see this one here. This one is ten dollars. You're getting it for a dollar There's quite a few in here that are pretty expensive. So it's even just worth the money just getting it for a dollar Here's another one tumbler design. This one was pretty neat I have not done tumblers yet, but I'm really looking forward to it. So this would be a really cool one It's a wrap that just goes right around so you print it and then you sub it on to Your tumbler again, haven't done it. I'm really looking forward to it. So I'm going to grab that one And then going down you can just see all the other ones best collection bundle hundred design camping Oh my gosh, this would be awesome I have so many camping ones, but you know what for a buck you really can't go wrong So I might grab that one too. I'm going to go back and check which ones I already have So we're going to look at this one the dog svg. This is really cute I wish I would have done some research first because I actually just bought some of these My number one sellers and I'm sorry. I talk about it all the time. Are my car decals? I think I'm actually going to buy this one and make a couple car decals like this They look pretty easy to weed out. I mean, you can see here how big the file is So this would be really easy to weed out. Um, so I'm going to grab this one too for a buck. Heck, why not? So it normally was six dollars. It's down to a dollar So if you got teacher appreciation day, this would be really cute to make You can put it on bags for the teachers, you know You can put it on coffee mugs, whatever you want, but that's really cute as well Another one that I was going to be actually looking at. I thought this was really cute This little giraffe. I have not done any 3d shadow boxes before. Have you guys done any? Can you give me some tips on what to do or what to buy? Like I don't know about the shadow boxes. I think you can buy them at michael's, right? So I'm going to be doing I'm going to be looking into getting that and then maybe doing a few shadow boxes This looks really cool. This glitter tumbler. So I'm going to grab that for sure It gives you all these beautiful different colors. I can't wait to try that out. So another question Have you guys done a sublimination on um tumblers before? I'm kind of new at it So I I've never really done it before but I'm really looking forward to trying it out So keep going. They have a bunch of beautiful stuff on here This one I can tell you this one is a really huge one if you want to make some more money I do sell a lot of key chains and they have a bunch of them on here I already have all of these so I'm not going to be purchasing this one But just to show you what they look like really quick. They are very very easy to weed out. Um, I have not had any issues Um, I'm going to be doing a key chain video on here how to do this and how to lay it flatly And not get any bubbles on your key chain. But yeah, this would be a really cute one to get I purchased my key chain actual pieces from Amazon and they're really rather Nicely priced so if you're interested in that I would definitely check this out I'm going to excited here and then excited this one and then just keep going like I said You can take your time and look at these but this one right here these liby wraps I actually tried these and they're really easy to Weed out and they come with the perfect size. You don't have to Change the size at all if you're using these liby cans and they're also known as beer Cups, so that would be a really cute design to get another thing caught my eye is this one here. I love this I actually have the paper that goes in here Um, it's kind of like I don't even know what it's called. It's not transfer paper But it's kind of like see-through paper that you're going to need to use for this as well But it's really really pretty and I actually I'm going to get this one as well You can put a little tea light in here from the dollar store And you're just using a black card stock and then just cuts it all out for you And like I said that white paper that goes behind here. I can't remember offhand what it is called But uh, it just it looks beautiful. So I'm going to get that one for sure and again always just look at the price So look, oh my gosh, for example, this one's $12 for this So if you are a school teacher or anything like that, I would definitely get this for 12 bucks That's only a dollar. Heck, why not? So going on we have this paper cut shadow box. Here's more shadow boxes Um, I'm not going to go ahead and get this one this time just because I have a few other ones Another camping one. I think this one is really really awesome Again, you can put this you can make decals out of it put it on your campers You can make signs out of it. You can put it on coffee mugs on plates, you know, whatever you want I think that's a really cool one. That one's marked at seven dollars. Oh my gosh guys Look at this mega card bundle almost 20 dollars for this. Are you kidding me? I've never worked with cards before But you know what for that price? I think I might actually be getting it So you have 37 designs on here. Oh my gosh to make your own cards. How beautiful That looks really easy too. It looks like just two colors the orange and then the blue and the pink and the green Yeah, I'm going to be getting that one for sure. So that one was almost 20. That's crazy If you're looking for fonts, this is a good place to get it I know you can always go to defont.com and get free fonts But sometimes you can just get ones on here that come with the license So somebody asked me before how can we use these and actually sell them? Well, some of them you have to buy the license for as well So some of these like right here. I think this one would come with the license So you are able to sell, you know, if you made something I'm trying to look really quick I don't see it on here, but maybe it would say in the inside of it Like if you're going to use this font on something you Need a license for it So if you have any questions on that let me know I did have somebody ask me about that before So just to clarify that some of these files you have to buy a license to Kind of resell it I guess if you're making a keychain and you want to use this file Let's say sometimes you have to buy a license with it to be able to resell it So not necessarily resell the file But to resell the actual Keychain so I'm just going to keep going. So another one was this another keychain $7 for this keychain. I don't think I have some of these I know I have this one here and then I have like this one So just look in design space or wherever you get your files from and maybe even crick it and check if you have These files already because you don't want duplicates of it. So All right. So another one is this one. I am looking into doing printable stickers I have never done it before and I'm really looking forward into doing it So I think I'm going to get this one too. So just looking on I think it's really cute four dollars and 75 cents You can get it for a buck. So you can't go wrong Another one that I was really looking into was this huge kitchen bundle So you can make again. I'm just always talking about signs But I love making signs. You can even make you know little decals You can stick them on your window or stick them on your refrigerator or even your stove even with just Vinyl and then you can always peel it off later if you use 631 It's non permanent vinyl. So this would come off really really easy like this one here eggs, bacon, dairy That would be really I think it would be kind of cute on like a stove or even a refrigerator So that's just an idea. So I'm going to get that one as well. I'm interested What are you guys interested in here? Would you leave some comments down below? Which ones are you really interested in which ones you're going to get? What are you going to do with it? I want I want some more ideas guys So give me some ideas of some videos that you might be interested in seeing So looking at this one svg fonts and bundles you get it for a dollar and it was originally 12 So we're gonna click on that one and see what it looks like. Oh, that's cool. So if you're interested in making labels This would definitely be it. So here are your options that you get Definitely just for that. I would buy this file for a buck. Yes, and I make a lot of welcome signs. Oh Okay, so I didn't do a video on it yet But my husband actually got a cnc machine and I'm going to be trying it out And I wanted to make a welcome sign exactly like this and then cut out little pieces.  I'm going to do a video on the cnc machine Came from bobs a cnc and I'm really excited to try it out So I think I'm going to be doing a welcome sign and then cutting out these shapes myself and Uh wood I know the cricket machine can do it the cricket maker for sure cuts out thin thin Wood, but I think this would be really cool and thicker wood. So just an update on that So stay tuned that would be kind of neat And just going on. Oh another nine. Oh my gosh. Look at this 15 99 for this. Oh, yeah I'm definitely getting this. I love my wood signs. I love Christmas. Oh my gosh. It comes in every day. Okay every day signs kitchen signs Thanksgiving signs. Oh, yeah, they sold me on this one winter signs Valentine's Day spring mix. Oh, yeah, so I'm definitely going to be getting this one I think I'm gonna be buying a lot of these this time. I always buy at least 10 of them on each one So this is another big seller one here. I was looking at this one before I do a lot of wine glasses So I think this would be really cool and then you can also sub sub on this too. So if you're getting You know these and you want to sub on it like I was looking at this even this wine bag I think you can buy some of those from the dollar store even so that would be a really cool Um thing to do So you have all of these files that you can use you could sub on it or you can just use regular Final on it as well. So just some ideas of things always check out the price holiday premium bundle $10 for that So just going on just double check that you don't have it in design space. You're ready or in cricket Yeah, so just a quick video tutorial I'm going to probably be be doing a live of what I'm going to be purchasing But you definitely don't want to miss this again It's 42 top rated products for a dollar each just go back check that you don't have, you know These ready in your design space or I'm sorry. Yeah in your design space You don't want to make sure you don't have doubles or triples of this. I've done that in the past. Believe me. So Yeah, if you have any questions, let me know. Um, again, if you wouldn't mind using my referral link I will leave it in the description below. I would so appreciate it Like I said, I only get a couple pennies per sale. So but you know, it all adds up So who have who has ever done it for me in the past? I so appreciate you. Thank you so much I love getting little emails saying that. Oh, you got a referral. So thank you so much. I really do appreciate it Okay, I'm gonna I'm gonna cut this but I'm gonna say one more thing. I was just looking at this So if you have um money in your account you get this for 90 cents per deal And it just not gonna sound a lot like a lot But if you sign up for honey honey.com, um, I have it up here in the corner It will give you an extra five Sends off doesn't sound like a lot, but seriously it adds up. So, um, yeah I did that in the last one and I got 85 cents per one So if you're buying one, that's the 10 or 15 or 20 dollars ones That adds up, you know, you get the five 10 cents off per one So not only if you set your money in here ready if you go to honey as well, you will get more And again, honey doesn't cost you anything So it's just an extra money that you can get in your account. So sorry guys, this is a longer video And I thought I just wanted to give you all of the information if I can think of anything else I will let you know but just make sure I'm trying to find it that you Set your calendar. So it's Wednesday It's Wednesday, April 27th This timing is different. Normally it's 11 o'clock for me So I'm gonna look at that But I always check what time You're in so you don't miss this event. I think it goes for an only an hour So you want to make sure that you come on here and check it out So again, thank you guys for watching hit that subscribe button If you're not subscribed already and leave any questions down below and leave some comments Have you used any of these in the past? I know some of these They used before like these key chains before I know they have those on there I love to know what you guys do with this stuff if you're going to be interested in making anything I definitely want to make one of these I'll be doing a video on that So if you have any questions or comments or just want to say hi leave a comment down below I really appreciate leave. I love and appreciate reading your comments guys Have a great day and happy crafting


A critical part of IOM's work is to utilize the available evidence base to inform publics about the dynamics and impacts of migration, both good and bad. This includes data on stocks and flows of migrants, as well as analytic assessments of emerging trends. The last edition of IOM's flagship world migration report is a key example of this, covering a broad range of topics from regional trends to violent extremism. IOM has two key tools to collect and operate on the basis of data, the Global Migration and Data Analysis Centre in Berlin and the Displacement Tracking Matrix.


Plants and algae produce triacylglycerols, tags, as a form of energy storage. These tags consist of three fatty acids bound to a glycerol backbone and are a major source of nutrition and nutraceuticals. There are two main pathways for their production, an acyl-CoA-dependent pathway and an acyl-CoA-independent pathway. Both pathways involve the conversion of carbohydrates into fatty acids, which are then combined with other fatty acids to create tags. Additionally, algae contain high levels of very long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids, VLC-apufas. Genetically engineered plants can now be used to increase the amount of VLC-pufa in oil seeds by introducing genes from algae. This article was authored by Alexandre Colliery, Rogerio Marguess, Felipe dos Santos-Mariscan, and others.


Ka-ching We saw money geeks Mr. V here welcome to another video guys. So in this video I want to break down some of the trades that I did today I'm just gonna give you guys my reasoning for going into the trade and How I got out of the trade so we actually have three fit here on the board and mRD MITO and LEDS So that's what we're gonna break down to the before we get started guys if you're new to the channel We took about how to earn money how to save money how to invest and build wealth So that's something that interests you go ahead and hit that subscribe button and a notification bell So you don't miss out on you content. So let's jump right in here. I actually take a look at the charts here So and mRD. This is the one that we made a little bit of money on so you can see here right that opens I was tracking this one pre-market if you can see here pre-market squeeze here To a high of about 14 1440 somebody right there. So I thought that was good momentum. So I said watching it As the market opens right it open It kind of pulled back a little bit here and I was just watching if you can see look at my Stochastic down here a crosses is showing me this there'll be an upside look at the blue line That K line right there shows me that's an off that uptrend coming. So what I did is right here I didn't take that. I didn't get into the trade. So I got into the trade somewhere around here Because I I'm looking my stochastic But I was when I got in I was actually just hoping that it goes up because there wasn't that much volume coming through So I was just fingers crossed again that the volume comes in so I stayed in the trade here and squeeze up And then to 13 and then pull back some say, oh man I'm probably miss my exit opportunity size held the trade again But my stop-loss was in place and it just squeezed up I got about 13 around 13 point eight somewhere around here, which as you can see If I had waited just a few seconds in the trade I would have made a ton of money off of that trade But again the reverse could have been worse, right? So I could have been greedy here and I take profit at 13 point eight and then you think flushes So I got out here a pullback and I'm celebrating a little bit and then see what happens from 13.5 squeeze all the way to 15 and I was okay with it. I mean like I took the profit here I I mean it's a winning trait. So I can't sit here and be greedy, but I mean I could have made more I just It's just how the market works. So that was that one and then after that it got to that high of 15 54 and that was it. You just look at that pull back and Hasn't recovered since then source right sitting now at $9 and 13 sign So it might squeeze back again sometimes today, but you guys know I don't trade below the web and even look at the volume down here on my chart The activity in the stock happened just right at open. So there are first Hour right at open. That's where we had the most activity had the most volume and after that It's just crumble all the way down. So that's something that you have to be aware of. All right So now let's take a look at MIT. Oh, that's the second one. I trade it. So again, this one Right out of the gate. Whoo. This one had volume coming out of the gate You can see here. So right out of the gate It pulled back a little bit here and then squeeze up. So I cut it right here I think I got in like $2 and some change right here Wrote it all the way to two about 2.3. That's where I got out and then It started just Producing these bar bar quotes right here. And I mean, I didn't feel like it was a good place There was another trading here because look at those doji both on the upside on the downside So I didn't like that. But yeah, it was this is sweet I it was like very quick in and it's a gap up and I got out So yeah, I can't complain about this one But they look at right here This is this is where most people would think because if you look at if somebody was just watching this And you don't have like indicators that you can can guide you into the trade look at still casting right here It's crossing. So my D is crossing to the upside which tells me that this thing is gonna flush Volume drops. It tells me like it's looking to flush, but see the price packed up to 4.4 For a 2.45 excuse me and for most people that are just new to the market if they saw this spike They probably would have jumped into this trade Before this thing flushes, I guess so you see this bike You're like all these things I it's gonna start ripping again But if you look at stochastic right here, it's telling me that this is not going up It's headed down.  I'm not taking the trade right here. So that's you that's how you can use Indicators to kind of guide you through a certain trade. So sometimes again, I'm just looking at trades like I see a setup like this I'll just laugh because this is this is one that would make you cry if you didn't know what you were doing Because you look at these like hell this thing is gapping up again because see instead of new high And most people would jump in thinking it's going to keep ripping the next thing, you know, flush is because you're now looking at your indicators down here You can also add another indicator here that might guide you through the process. Let's see if we can add RSI So if you add your RSI indicator that would also kind of give you a guidance as to If this thing is going to flush but here I like stochastic better because the d and And the k-line crosses you can really see that or you can do my d if we If you want to add my d just to give you guys another context Let's take out RSI and just do my d here. So you guys can actually see so like I always said if you look at stochastic and my d they're almost Identical to each other. So if you can see here look at that cross right there for stochastic and iris and my d The cross is pretty much the same here. So you have to be very careful When you see setups like this again when the price spikes and volume drops That is a clear sign of reverse. So don't even waste a second in that trade Try to get out as soon as possible. So and then after that it's just been Crossing v-wap test v-wap fail test v-wap fail and then look at that final failure It just went down Um and down and never really recovered and again guys I don't trade below v-wap just because you you don't know where the bottom is at that point So because if somebody if you if just thing pulled down below v-wap here and you think like oh, it looks like this is the bottom Then you buy it's it starts to move from getting flushes I don't want that so I like to trade momentum I like to trade it when it's headed up the crosses v-wap give me confirmation That's when I'm going to jump into trade and then I tried a little bit on leds That's where I gave a little bit of money back and this one Um, I it was just a little bit of chase because I didn't really get in the trade when I was supposed to so leds And I also got a little bit greedy because I had a little bit of money in the trade And then I didn't take the profit. I should have taken the profit But now I just sat there and watch it disappear. So, um, this one gave a little bit of opportunity right at open Look at that squeeze from 5.2 a squeeze all the way to about 6.5 That would have been a nice trade right about in trade that so I think my trade came in somewhere around Um, let's see my trade came in somewhere around here So I got in and it flushes and hey guys I was in the money about 80 dollars And um, and I didn't put my stop loss because I went in using my hotkeys And so by I was like trying to set put my stop loss and take profit because I was just I was the volume here I was anticipating that it was going to get but look at the mistake I made look at right here And this is a classic case of you not using all the indicators that you have So I'm like trying to input my uh, take profit slash stop loss in the process I didn't look at this my indicator. I didn't look at stochastic and missing that it just flushes and kicked me out Which I was in the morning and it flushes and kicking me out and um, end up with the loss of About 45 dollars. So those are some of the trades and then I mean, I've just been watching this Hasn't made any Other move again, but it pulled back here again This is one of the things if I if I had stayed in the trade I would have been read and then it squeezed back to have 13.4 Before pulling back, but I mean again I want to make sure that I get out when I say I'm going to get out This is not me. Just like hey, I'm going to take a chance You have a strategy follow that strategy set your your stop loss price stick with it I mean leave and die with your own decision as long as you're happy with the decision I'd rather lose money using my strategy than just kind of make some profit With guessing because you cannot replicate guesswork But if you have a strategy, you can definitely replicate your strategy So that's just something that you guys should be aware of And look at it not starting to squeeze back up bouncing off of Vwap here. Wow, that's a nice squeeze so you can see that but I'm not going to take a trade right now I'm going to wait and see because I want to see it if anything I wanted to go test that high of the which is 13.4 Um, but again, I'm not going to jump in the trade. I already got burned. So I don't want to do it again Anyways, that is the there are the trades that I did for the day guys Again, let me know in the comment section what you guys think about is if you're new to the channel We talk about how to earn money how to save money how to invest and build wealth So there's something that interests you go ahead and hit that subscribe button and the notification bell So you don't miss out on new content Also, if you're looking to get started with investing Weibo has their promotion where if you sign up and deposit a hundred dollars You get some free stocks links in the description below and as always guys Do your due diligence.  Stay motivated


Part 3, CHAPTER X and XI, OF THE POWER OF A LIE, by Johan Boye, translated by Jesse Muir, Ms. Levervox recording is in the public domain. CHAPTER X After the sweets came coffee, and the conversation was soon being carried on through clouds of tobacco smoke. Do you know who Norby is like? said Fruth Order to her neighbor, who was the Magistrate.  Don't you see he's like Garibaldi? Well, now you say it, said the Magistrate. All down the table the talk was exclusively of Norby. It came naturally. Two farmers told of the king's last journey through the district, when Norby quietly went up and took him by the hand and bade him welcome to the district. Einar had to tell the bailiff's wife about his grandfather. Ingeborg was questioned about her mother. The Magistrate praised the old man for his skill in the game of Boston. An estate administrator told about a probate case in which Norby was arbitrator, and how clever he was in bringing people to reason. The doctor sat and talked about the shape of the old man's head, and especially the sign of race in the forehead. There was a buzz of homage in the form of little sympathetic touches unearthed from the memories of all present and held up to view. And at last the old man was raised higher and higher, born as it were, by all that was wept, said, sung, and felt there this evening, elevated upon a golden cloud of sympathy and admiration. Einar alone had grown coldly serious at the pastor's speech, and various questions thronged in upon him. Through all the rosy clouds that enveloped this table, he seemed to get a glimpse into something different. The best feelings and ideals of every one seemed to have met this evening to pay homage to his father. And he could no longer dare to think whether his father were the guilty one or not. But if—could it be—that the most sacred human feelings and ideals were completely blind, so that they could just as easily lend themselves to glorify a crime, a black lie? Could it be? Surely not. Was it no guarantee when people's words were glowing with the whole warmth of their heart, when their eyes were wet and their voice trembled with emotion? Was that so? Surely not. But if—was it no excuse to have done a thing in all good faith? For the fact remained that if people crowned the criminal and threw the innocent into prison, good faith was the most terrible thing of all. For it committed its bad actions with divine good conscience, and every one laid down their arms before it. Was it so? And did all such forces as God, one's country, philanthropy, Christianity, lend themselves as garments to adorn the wrongdoer and honor the lie? No, no. It must not, could not be so. But that was why there was so much wrong done in the world—the wet eyes, the warm tones, the glowing hearts, always formed a defensive covering for that which was bad. Was it so? And what about himself? Had not his best feelings for his parents made him a— He dared not think the word. It must not, it could not be so. He involuntarily wished there were strong drink in his glass, and that he could drink himself into a happy mood with wine as the others did with their speeches. He raised his glass and tried to smile at Ingeborg. She raised hers in return, while she thought, Thank God that Einar was undeceived! Suddenly someone said, Oh, look out there! Several rose from the table and went to the windows. Against the dark fjord there reflected the starry sky, a gleaming rocket rose into the air, while another was already raining down in fiery sparks of many colors. A new one rose, and in its first brilliant blaze Laura could be seen bareheaded and in her silk dress, and by her side the bailiff's son. There were several exclamations, and Ingeborg said, Oh, indeed! That was why Laura had a headache and had to go out. A fresh rocket blazed up and illuminated the two standing in the dark, just as Laura took hold of the young man's arm to draw him a little way from the rocket. It was her first tender care for him. Then it was dark once more about them, while the fiery sparks rained down from the sky, reflected all the time in the dark still fjord, into which they finally fell. Look! cried those at the windows. Oh, look! Oh, that was lovely! Both blue and red! And all the time momentary flashes of light gleamed upon the two young people, who stood there and sent up bright messengers into the sky in the still evening. When at last this was over the lamps in the hall were suddenly extinguished. A tittering was heard, and a few indignant ladies' voices. But suddenly a curtain was drawn aside and revealed a Norwegian mountain landscape illuminated by paraffin lamps. Goodness me! thought Einar. Are we going to have that old play that everybody knows? But all at once a young girl in Norwegian costume came forward and began to talk to an old man. It was Einar gazed in perplexity. It was she. It was the doctor's young daughter. That was why she had not been at the dinner, then. She had perhaps been rehearsing up to the last moment. Sore and despondent and disturbed as Einar was already, this surprise threw him into the greatest agitation. His heart beat, and something warm began to run through his limbs. There she was, and how lovely she was in that dress. And gradually the oil lamps turned into sunshine, and the ridiculous decorations into actual wood and mountain, and the good patriotic moral of the play acted upon him with a wonderful power. But when the young girl went off the stage the peace seemed to lose its interest, and he turned to Fruthora with the question whether there was to be dancing afterwards. Yes, she said. Good! He would ask the doctor whether his daughter might stay if he promised to see her home. Perhaps it might turn out a wonderful evening for him yet. CHAPTER XI Knut Norby drove home through the still night, with Merit and Ingeborg, as the other two stayed on for the dancing. A golden moon had risen above the hills in the east, and shone upon the waving corn fields and the calm fjord. It was such good weather just now for the crops that had promised to be a good harvest. And as Knut sat there he was filled with a gentle peace, and felt a desire to thank God. As they passed the churchyard he looked in involuntarily. Who could tell how soon he might be lying there? It was better to make good use of the time while one had it.  Well, God grant he might have peace! And there lay the dairy-maid in her freshly made grave, and was perhaps dreaming now in the early morning that she had to get up to go to the cows. A warm wind sighed on the leafy slopes, and brought a scent of fermenting hay from the lofts above. Mountains and lake lay in a great calm peace. Thank God! said Ingeborg, looking up at the stars, and they all three sat with the same feeling, and words were unnecessary. When at length they drove into the yard Knut saw that the flag was still up. The servants had forgotten to take it down. But Norby did not get angry now, he could take it down himself. When he called for someone to take the horse, no one came. Have they all gone to bed? said Morit, a little out of humour. Oh, well, said Norby, it's not much to be wondered at. They have to be up in the morning. And he began to unharness the horse himself. When at length he came up to the bedroom, Morit already lay yawning in bed, but Norby began to pace up and down the floor, with his thumbs hooked into the armholes of his waistcoat. He was in far too good humour to go to bed at once. Ah, well, said Morit quietly, this can be an example to others, and encourage people to be patient and enduring. Yes, said Norby, stopping at the window, where he could see the fjord in the moonlight. The main thing is to act honourably and uprightly. In a little while, he said, I don't know how it is, but I seem to have been away from Norby for a long time, and only to have properly come home again now. Dear me, yes, yawned, Morit, but it has been a hard time. Norby still looked out over the lake in the moonlight. There must have been some purpose in it all, he said. I may often have acted with too great severity, but now I think it will be better for everyone in the district. I shall do my part at any rate. His wife did not answer. Presumably she was too tired. When at last Norby got into bed, he folded his hands and said a couple of verses of a hymn. He felt so near to God, and the respect and sympathy of the whole district now shown into his conscience, but he would thank God for it all. But there is one thing I can't understand, he thought after a while, and that is how people can stand like Vaungan with a calm face, then lie in court. And help those who have no more conscience than to do it. End of Part 3, Chapters 10 and 11. End of The Power of a Lie by Johann Boyer, translated by Jesse Muir, recording by Lee Smalley.


Getting any award is great. I'm delighted, honored, touched. You know, we put in long hours, we work hard. And most of the time, you know, people are grumbling, people are not appreciated enough. So if you get appreciation, I think the whole agency will feel upbeat and I think they're all delighted. So I have to yet go and meet out of them. But I could see from the energy and the passion and the cheering that was happening that they're all thrilled to bits. It's a good property. You should build it a bit, you should build it more. I think the more participation that happens, the bigger it will get. I'm honored to be that they've thought that we've done a good job and that they have appreciated and given us awards. It's been a great year. I mean, my usual big high is that if my team continues, if we are together, we feel bonded, we feel we are part of a larger cause. It's good. And I say this often enough that, you know, the top 25 people, the top 30 people who've been with me since I've become a CEO, actually four, five years before that. And since I've become a CEO, not a single person has left. For me, that's a big high. So more than awards, more than anything else, I feel that, you know, there's a family that we build together. We trust each other. We compliment each other. We, you know, we fight, but we know if we are fighting for that topic for because we passionately believe or disbelieve in something. But at the core of it, we just are, you know, great friends who trust each other. And I think that comes out often enough in all our work, because if 25 brains are put together and we think on something, and it's an open forum for anybody to, you know, say what they feel is correct or not correct. I think that gets the whole level up. So individually, we may be, you know, an average seven, but the minute we 25 pulled together, I think we are a 10 on 10. So that's why I think today was that was the end result of today's award. For myself, I'm happy at Lotestar. I've been there for 20 years. I have seen it grown.  I've been responsible for everything. I feel responsible for everything that has happened. So I hope I'll be part of Lotestar continue to be. The desire is that the top 25, top 30 people have been with me. There are another at least 75 people who are at various levels who have also been maybe their starting job or have always worked with me. And there are people who are 10 years and there are people at 12 years and there are people who are 15, 16 years. So the more and more I get a team which stays with me, becomes stronger, believes in the kind of work that we do, you know, grows with us. I think I'll be happier because finally each of us spent 12 hours, 10 hours together. And if I can make it right for them, I can engage them. They feel good about their work. They feel good about themselves then. And then we will have a strong agency. So my, I have no other vision than to, you know, be part of a happy family as opposed to somebody who's coming there for a work and is drudgery and I need the money.


Nearly eight months after the brutal murder of Ambrose Bradlin, there are still men no arrests made in the case. In order to keep her story from being forgotten, Ambrose family has erected a billboard in Allen, Kentucky, reminding everyone she still needs justice. We just wanted to get her face out there. It's been eight months now since this happened and we just want people to remember that we are still here and it's not going away and just maybe reach a few other people because there's still a lot of folks around the area that don't know this story, but I think it's a very important story for everyone to know. Do you worry about having enough money to last throughout retirement? Give Reed Potter at Raymond James A'Call. Reed has 26 years experience helping folks enjoy their best life in their retirement years. In a statement by Commonwealth Attorney Brent Turner, the Kentucky State Police forensic lab has made significant progress in examining numerous items of evidence in the case. We are hoping to receive more results in the coming weeks. As much as we would all like to see things done quickly, it is more important that they are done correctly and thoroughly. The grand jury will hear all of the evidence in the case once the investigation is complete, but the grand jury cannot be expected to make decisions on matters of such significance without all of the evidence and forensic results at their disposal. I'm thinking that some of the folks involved with the case think that it's going to go away or that maybe that they're not going to have to answer for this and I just want to keep Amber's name out there. I want everyone to be aware of what's going on and let them know that we're not going to stop until someone does answer for this. A'Call and the rest of Spradland's family continue to spread awareness and seek justice with the hope that keeping her name out there will expedite the process. Stay tuned to Mountain Top News for any developments in the case. For Mountain Top News, I'm Kelsey Fidele.


Hello, and welcome to the Drum History Podcast. I am joined today by Dr. Edward Large of the University of Connecticut. He's the director of the Music Dynamics Laboratory and a professor of psychological sciences and physics. Ed, how are you? I'm good. How are you, Bart? Good. Good. It's awesome to have you here. I'll preface this by saying I found you, or should I say my wife actually had the idea of finding out how primates use rhythm and percussion, because that's obviously a very primitive form of communication and all that good stuff. We did a little bit of Googling, and you came up, and you mentioned to me that you were not exactly the guy who's just studying bonobos, but you've had some experience in this. Right. So, you know, bonobos have not been observed that much in the wild, in fact. They are known to actually drum spontaneously. They might find a resonant object and drum sort of periodically with their hands and feet. As far as what's that for, you know, I don't think it's really fully understood why they do that in the wild. What we actually did in the study that you mentioned to me earlier when we communicated was we went and worked with a group of bonobos at the Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens and tried to get them to drum with us. That's amazing. So, expand on that, I mean, and back up a little bit, because you mentioned earlier that there was the talk of the, I believe it was a cockatoo from YouTube. So why don't you give us the whole kind of picture of what's happening here. Okay. So a number of years ago, I think probably more than 10 years ago now, there was a cockatoo that just sort of appeared on YouTube dancing to the Backstreet Boys. A lot of your listeners probably have seen this video. You can still look it up. The cockatoo's name is Snowball. And the owners filmed a video because apparently whenever they would turn on this Backstreet Boys song, Snowball would start dancing to this music. And it was really, it's a really great video for one reason, because Snowball looks like he's having such a good time. It's just amazing. And then shortly after that, one of my colleagues, Adi Patel, who's up at Tufts, actually contacted the owners of Snowball and asked if they would mind if he came out there and did some research. So he did. He and his colleague, John Everson, went out there and they did some recordings to find out if Snowball was actually synchronized to the music. Now you might think, well, you could just see that with your eyes just by watching the YouTube video. But your eyes can be deceiving. They can look like things are synchronized and they're not really synchronized.   And the answer was super interesting. And it was, yes, Snowball was synchronized, not very well because Snowball would go in and out of synchrony with the music, but was synchronized significantly more than one would expect by chance. So not only was this bird having a great time dancing to the music, but was synchronized at least as well as a human child can synchronize, which was pretty surprising. So the story goes that, you know, Ani and John tried to think of, you know, a hypothesis about why a bird would be able to do this because up until that point, everyone in the field, that we would write introductions to our papers, we would say only humans can do this. Isn't this an interesting behavior because humans do it and animals can't? So they said, well, why can only humans and a cockatoo do this? Around the same time, there was another study that came out of Harvard University where they did a sort of a survey of YouTube videos and looked for keywords about dancing animals. They found a bun, and according to their analysis, which are a little bit more automated, they found that a lot of the animals who are being recorded dancing weren't really synchronizing to the music, but some were, and the ones that were tended to be vocal learning species. So animals that learned their vocalizations over the course of their life, they're not born sort of pre-programmed to make a specific vocalization or a set of vocalizations they actually have to learn. So the hypothesis became that only vocal learning species could do this. It was some sort of an adaptation that involved, you know, preparing the nervous system to learn vocalizations and communicate in this flexible way was found, which was kind of a reasonable hypothesis, but one thing that really surprised me, struck me about it was that chimpanzees and bonobos are not vocal learning species. They don't learn their vocalizations. So it implied that chimpanzees and bonobos couldn't do this. And I just sort of said to myself, you know, I don't believe that. That can't be right. You know, so we found, I was in Florida at the time and we found a cohort of bonobos at the Jacksonville Zilling Gardens and we decided to ask, is that correct or not? You know, is that hypothesis right? So we went up there and we brought a drum. We had it actually specially manufactured for us, especially built to withstand the bonobos because they're tough and they're strong and they bite and they pull and they rip and they explore. We bolted this thing to the floor. We played a little bit for them. They actually, at that first day, we sort of jammed out in the hallway. There were three of us and they all sat there and they watched and they were quiet and they thought, this is the most amazing thing. And when we stopped, they made all kinds of noise and we sort of decided that they were giving us applause and stuff. But a couple of weeks later, we got some photos in our email showing that the bonobos had ripped that drum to shreds. Oh my God. You know, so it was specifically designed and made to withstand that by Remo and they ripped it to shreds. So Remo didn't give up. They went back. They made us another drum. And this one, they weren't able to pull apart. Wow. So anyway, it took us a long time. We were in there for a couple of years and we only had a time to go up there once or twice a month and we didn't want to teach them to synchronize. We wanted to see if they would do it spontaneously. Now, meaning with that, meaning that you would then play a little bit on the drum and just kind of like see if they would join along and play at the same, are you looking for tempo? Are you looking for rhythm? What were you looking for? So there are a lot of different questions that you could ask. You're absolutely right. We, the first question we asked is can they match our tempo? So what we did is I had my graduate student, she went up there every time and she was our drummer. She was our experimenter. She sat out there in the hallway and just played on the drum rhythmically. So she was actually listening to a metronome in the headphones. The bonobo couldn't hear it and it was going through different random tempos and she would play at whatever tempo was prescribed at the moment. And then as soon as the bonobo, whichever one would join in started playing, she would stop and we were just, so we record that bonobo playing by him or herself. Actually, the bonobo who ended up responding the most was a female named Cooney and she was the high ranking females. You might know bonobos, bonobo society is a matriarchy. So the women are in charge. And so she was the highest ranking female having just given birth and they were getting grapes for participating. So she decided the grapes were hers, you know, that's funny. So anyway, so Cooney started participating. And so we would just, so Lexi would sit there in the hallway. She'd bang on the drum when Cooney would start playing, she would stop and then we'd measure the tempo. And what we found, we took it back to the lab, we analyzed it and we found, yes, she's matching our tempo. Now you would listen to the drumming. I mean, sometimes she'd be too fast, sometimes she'd be slow, but on average, she was matching our tempo. She was definitely hearing the difference being fast and slow and trying to match it. Now, would this be for a long period of time? I mean, obviously, it probably wouldn't be 30 minutes of playing exactly to a temp, like a click track or a metronome.  And that's kind of how you would gauge it. Mm hmm. Cool. That's right. So she'd stay on it as long as she played. It might be, you know, sometimes she would just hit the drum twice. I mean, now remember, this is not something she naturally would do, like try and drum with a human. So the only reason she was doing it is to get grapes. Okay, okay. So she would, you know, hit the drum twice and then say, give me a grape. And so we would like then start to say, well, wait a minute, twice isn't enough, you know? Yeah. So we did end up in the paper, have a criterion for, she had to hit the drum a certain amount of times before we considered that measurement valid. I don't remember what it was, it was five or seven or something. And so then having established that she was able to match our tempo, we started to ask the real question, can she synchronize? So this is the thing, this is where the hypothesis of vocal learning comes in. Can this Bonobo synchronize with us? So what we did is we had an experiment that was very much the same. Lexi would listen to a metronome, Cooney couldn't hear the metronome. Lexi would start playing with the metronome, Cooney was joining in, but this time when Cooney started playing, Lexi didn't stop. Okay, and her task was try to ignore the Bonobo as much as you can and just, you know, stick with the metronome. Which is easier said than done sometimes when you're playing with guys in a band who can't play to a metronome or something like that. You've had that experience, you've jammed with the Bonobos, haven't you? I feel like I have, yeah. So, right, so, and that's actually was a serious issue with the paper. So, you know, in our world, we write a paper and send it off to other scientists who review it and bring up all the possible problems. And of course, this is one issue, you know, that they have is the human inadvertently synchronizing to the Bonobo rather than vice versa. So, that's really sort of a critical issue here. So, what we did is we measured that in two ways. First of all, we, instead of measuring whether the Bonobo was synchronized to the human tabs, we measured whether the Bonobo was synchronized to the metronome, which she couldn't hear. Yeah. And that's where we were able to convince the reviewers, of course, that she was actually synchronized. And then we did other, you know, analyses of the human to show the human was really well synchronized to the metronome and so forth and so on. So, we were pretty happy with that. And then an interesting thing happened. There was another researcher out at UC Santa Cruz who was working with the sea lion. Sea lion named Ronan, and Ronan had been rescued. I forget actually the reason she was rescued. She was having some problem in the wild. And anyway, she was living in a marine sanctuary in Santa Cruz, not a vocal learning species. And this researcher, Peter Cook, actually trained her to synchronize. So trained her to synchronize to music. And so an interesting pattern started to emerge. So remember that snowball was not that good at synchronizing, but did it spontaneously and look like she was having a great time. Yeah. And that's our original, that's our original cockatoo dancing on YouTube to the Backstreet Boys. OK, gotcha. That's right. Cooney, our bonobo, only did it for grapes. OK. And actually when we analyzed Cooney's synchrony, Cooney was about as well synchronized as the cockatoo, snowball. So their synchronization ability was about on par. One was doing it spontaneously. One was doing it for grapes. One looked like he was having a good time. The other thing about snowball is that we don't actually know if snowball was trained to do this or not because snowball was a rescue. So we don't know what the original owners did. Gotcha. And that would affect it because we're looking for a natural, born, inherent ability to match rhythm and tempo. Yes and no, that's its own question. Let me come back to that. OK, sure. So but with Ronin, Ronin was trained to synchronize to music. Well, trained to synchronize to a metronome. Ronin was only doing it for the fish, kind of like Cooney was only doing it for the grapes. And but when we measured Ronin synchronization, so after the first experiment, I started collaborating with Peter and his crew out at UC Santa Cruz. We actually measured them and compared them to, we actually measured Ronin synchronization at the sea line and compared it to humans. Ronin is as good as a human. Really? Wow. So Ronin, once Ronin starts bobbing her head, she is on it. And we had a very tough experiment that we give to humans where we put a little phase change in there or we put a little tempo change and see how long it takes her to respond just like a human. It was amazing. Wow. Now let me ask you, what was Ronin's, what was her, how was she physically doing this? Like you said bobbing her head.  OK, because it's different for each animal where there's no hands or there's no this. So she was head bobbing. OK. That's right. Cool. So I started talking with Peter and so forth. And of course, I'm having conversations with Ronnie Patel and John Everson the whole time. And you know, Peter had this sort of different idea.  And they may not have in their natural environment any reason to synchronize like this. But that doesn't mean they can't do it. They have to be, they have to learn to associate some sort of enjoyment or some kind of pleasure with this behavior, which is what we're teaching them by giving them grapes or fish or whatever. Is they're learning a motivation. Yeah, it's similar to humans. You get some sort of physical release from playing music, and you wouldn't do it if you didn't enjoy it, basically. Right. But that's part of the point. With humans, music itself is sufficiently rewarding. Wow. Right. Apparently, with these other big brain animals, it's not. But that doesn't mean that they don't have the capacity. And here, I think, is where the problem comes in with that scientific hypothesis, which says that evolution is building solutions to survival problems. And it was starting to build this vocal learning solution for songbirds, and that's why they could do it. And evolution essentially built a network in the bird's brain for synchrony. And without that evolutionary pressure, other animals won't have developed this kind of a network. And what we're showing with the fact that other big brain animals can do this is that that's really the wrong way to think about evolution. Or that's what we think we're showing. Now, what do you mean by that? Why is that the wrong way? So because it didn't require, apparently, the ability to synchronize doesn't require a network that is sort of specially designed by evolution to do this. Gotcha. This behavior, I would argue, is self-organized.  So what's going on in evolution with our big brains is not that it's building specific circuits to solve specific problems that arise over evolutionary time. It's building a brain that's bigger and more flexibly able to self-organize behavior on the fly. Got it. So it can learn as it goes. You might not need that tool until further down in the evolution, but it's there deep down. It's there. And all you have to do is find it and use it. And then the real question about evolution also is is it rewarding?  That's another kind of an issue. Yeah. And that seems cross species is I'm not going to do something unless I get something out of it. Right. Exactly. Now, let me ask you, too. This is I'm sure that I'm jumping around here, but is it not true that primates use drums as a way of communication? Is that something that is accurate to say? Well, they do. So what they're actually doing it for, I think, is still a method or, sorry, a question of some debate. But it is definitely true that some great apes, including chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas, have all been known to use limbs to do drumming behavior in the wild. So chimpanzees and bonobos will drum with their hands and feet on like a hollow log, some sort of resonant object. Gorillas, you know, you see them beating their chest as part of play behavior. It's not quite clear what the chimpanzees and the bonobos are doing. Some people hypothesize that it might be for long distance communication or something like that. But I don't think that's been well established at this point. Interesting. I think it's pretty cool that it's 2019 and there's so many things that we don't know about what's going on out in nature. It's just a lot of open-ended questions. But OK, so circling back to the original discussion, so with the hypothesis, did you, to wrap that part up, did you actually, was it basically, were you correct in saying that? Did everyone agree that your hypothesis was correct? We're still arguing about it. So we're still arguing about it. And we are actually now trying to get funding to continue our study with the bonobos, with a group of bonobos out in Iowa at the APE cognition and conservation institute there. This is the cohort of bonobos that includes Konzi, who's well known for his linguistic abilities. Really? Yeah. So it's actually nice. It's actually so much better because now we can just say Konzi played the drums for us. And Konzi knows what we're saying and he'll go over and play the drums, if he feels like it. Or if he wants some grapes. Well, that raises the question for me. OK, so you get five human beings in a room. One of them has absolutely no rhythm. One of them is OK. One of them is a natural born, amazing drummer without even a young buddy rich. Then one of them is decent. Are they inherently some of them, would you say, have more rhythm than others, like humans? Well, I think at this point it has been established that, yes, some humans have better rhythm than others. There's a group up in Montreal. Isabel Peretz leads this group. And for her, most of her career, she's been setting a phenomenon called amusia, where there are people who don't perceive music like the rest of us. And a lot of them don't like it either. They try to avoid music because they don't care for it. But that phenomenon that she has mostly studied has got to do with the deficit and the perception of pitch. More recently, she made it sort of a mission to find out if there were people who had similar deficits in rhythm. And she has found a number of them. And she demonstrated experimentally that they really can't synchronize with music. Well, and then so I love where you took that. My original question was more angled towards, is that same deficit found in bonobos? Oh, I see. Interesting question. I mean, I don't know. I guess. Maybe you could say that most bonobos have that deficit, but there are a few genius bonobos, like Buddy Rick or whatever, who just these are the ones who find their way to the drum and start drumming with us. Yeah, bonobo rich. Yeah. I think you have to remember with great apes, right? It's not like you have a rat in the lab where you can sort of force it to participate in a task with a great ape, you sort of have to ask. Yeah, no, I briefly saw it at school here in Cincinnati. I took a class in college and it was actually at the Cincinnati Zoo and my final study was with bonobos and I know very little, it was just basically watch bonobos for about an hour a day. But just fascinating to see how intelligent and I want to say like emotional. They seemed very emotional and smart. Yeah, they absolutely are. I mean, it's hard to like imagine if you don't get a chance to observe them on a regular basis. It's hard to explain what it's like when you are all of a sudden there and you spend hours with them for several days in a row. And especially with Conzie, with that group out in Iowa, looking into Conzie's eyes, it was almost like looking into a human's eyes. Conzie was raised in such an enriched environment with language and all kinds of toys and people and really one-to-one with people all day every day. It was really sort of an incredible experience to meet that particular bonobo. Wow, yeah, and the use of sign language because when we were talking about verbal and nonverbal, it made me think, well, obviously, they're not physically speaking, but they can communicate with obviously, they've been trained with sign language. So there's definitely that form of intelligence, but now are there any other animals? We have bonobos, we had a sea lion, we had a cockatoo, I'm assuming the verbal birds include parrots and things like that. Right, parrots and stuff. Yes, so Irene Pepperburg's parent, who I believe was named Alex, was already quite old when this line of investigation got underway, but she did demonstrate some ability of Alex to do this. So there are slowly, I think, what we're slowly finding is that the more we ask, the more animals we find that are capable of doing this. There was a chimpanzee in Japan, in a research lab in Japan, and they set up, this one was a funny task, so it wasn't, I don't know where they came from, what was their thinking that led them in this direction, but they had a computer keyboard where the keys could light up, and they had one sea light up, and then a sea of above light up, and then the sea of up below, so he was going back and forth between these two keys on the piano. And the task was simply, when that key lights up, touch it, and as soon as you touch it, the next one lights up, and so the task ended up going, it was like a motor coordination task, how sort of fast can you go between these two keys? And then for some reason, they decided to play an auditory tone that was around the same speed at which the chimpanzee was naturally doing this task, and sure enough, the chimpanzee synchronized. Really? Wow. So, you know, so synchrony really, I mean, I think the way to think about it is that synchrony like this is not, the kind of synchrony you find in people playing music is not about a specific circuit per se, it's more of a fundamental phenomenon in biology and in physics, really. I mean, you can see also on YouTube, you can go on the web and see that, if you set metronomes up right on an oscillating platform, you can get metronomes to synchronize with one another. Yeah, I've seen that where you, they slowly start to get crossed over and match. Yeah, wow. This is a general phenomenon in biology. People call it, or biology and physics. People call it synchrony or entrainment. And it can be observed at every time scale in nature from the nucleus of an atom to gravitational synchrony in the cosmos. So it's everywhere, you know. Electrons synchronize in superconductors and that's what allows electricity to flow without resistance in superconducting materials and the biological rhythms, if you think about it, the rhythms of our sleek wake cycles, the biological rhythms of virtually every organism on the planet synchronized to like dark cycles that are caused by the rotation of the earth. So is that what is causing all of this? I was gonna say in layman's terms, what is there a hypothesis on what is causing this things just on earth to start synchronizing? Well, I mean, you could think of it from an evolutionary point of view and obviously it would be adaptive to synchronize, right? If you're awake during the day and you sleep at night, you can see better, okay? Or if you sleep during the day and you're awake at night and you've got good enough eyes, you can eat all the other organisms that are sleeping, right? So it's really definitely adaptive but it also, it's found in all kinds of biological communication. So during mating, you can see bass synchronous flashing of fireflies in tropical areas from the Philippines through Indonesia and Thailand, even Eastern India. So fireflies gather in trees by the thousands and the males flash in rhythmic synchrony. And that happens during mating. Whereas if you look in the brain, synchrony plays a basic role in the communication between neurons within the individual brains. So and neural networks are known to exchange information when they synchronize and they don't exchange information when they're not synchronized. So it's really a foundational phenomenon in physics and biology and it's not as though it happens for any one reason exactly. It's more about communication in general I think and pattern formation. So this is one of the fundamental mechanisms that physicists have found that's responsible for the formation of patterns in the world, right? Interesting and it makes me like again, as a layman, it makes me think of the timing of an engine. If it's a little bit off, it screws everything up or your heart and like a heart palpitation where the rhythm of your heart is off. Yeah, wow. Man, I mean that is just unbelievable and I think that's a good way to kind of bring, to button that up is it's just everything on planet Earth is inherently wants to be, wants to go into that rhythm and naturally it's designed to do that. And you can show that in the brain, the brain rhythms and auditory cortex synchronize to the rhythms of music and speech and if they, if you can somehow suppress that ability and all kinds of experimental ways to do that, people can't understand speech, for example. Wow. So it's very, yeah, it's a very, so it's a universal phenomenon. And to tie it into drum history because obviously I just thought this was a fascinating topic, that just comes back to the beginning of people using rhythm and drumming to go back as early as time, I would imagine. It's just something that kind of ties it all together. And the other thing that I would say about a drumming per se and music in humans is that in humans, behavioral synchronization and rhythmic entrainment that you see in dancing and so forth has been shown to increase cooperation, it leads to increased cooperation and increased feelings of affiliation between individuals. So when you could show this in the lab in a controlled setting, if you synchronize with someone, you like that person better than someone you didn't synchronize with. Why would that be? But it's true. You get along. That's pretty cool. It's true. And as a drummer, think about that feeling you get after a really great band practice. Yeah. And the feeling of you have after a really bad band practice and you hate those people and you never want to see them again. That's right. That's funny. So, well Ed, what else to kind of wrap this up, what are you working on right now? Like what's the next thing you're, besides the rhythmic interactions with non-human primates, what else? So two things really, well, three things. First of all, what we're trying to do is we're trying to show in the brain of adults that synchrony is really responsible for your perception of the beat in music. So synchronization in the brain. So we can create rhythms that we call missing pulse rhythms that are sort of syncopated. And if you look and you say what frequencies are present in that rhythm, you measure it objectively, you see no frequency at a particular, you see no energy at a particular frequency that people tend to hear as the pulse or the basic beat. And if you ask them to tap, that's a frequency they would tap, but it's not in the rhythm. And what we're showing is that you do see this frequency in the brain when they just listen. So that's one thing. And we're trying to understand whether that comes from the motor system. So the next thing is that we're looking in infants and we're trying to understand how infants learn rhythm. So from our previous conversation, you might think that rhythm must be then innate, right? People are born with them. And it's not really true actually, it's surprising. And there are a lot of spurious claims out there in the literature. People say, oh, rhythm is basically innate. Synchronization is super easy. You could see it in young kids. Actually children, if you measure, can't synchronize very well until they're eight or nine years old. And they learn the structure of rhythms and they learn the differences between the rhythms that they hear every day and the rhythm of music from India or the Balkan regions of Europe, which have very different kind of rhythms. So we're showing that, we're showing how that learning process happens. And then the third thing I actually found at a company level, we'll start up out here. And we're building a product called Synchrony LEDs. So this has a little artificial neural network inside. Look it up on the web. It has a little artificial neural network inside. It listens to the music and synchronizes its internal oscillations using the same process that we think the brain uses. And then it synchronizes the light show to any music. So you don't have to pre-program it ahead of time. You just turn on the music. It has a microphone and it synchronizes itself. Cool. So that we're doing just for fun, because it's so cool. Yeah. Well, no, that's like, it's a big thing now to line the inside of acrylic drums with the strips of LEDs. So I think that's actually a perfect use for that, is putting them on the inside of acrylic see-through drums. Yeah, you can go to www.SynchronyLEDs.com to check them out and shop Synchrony. So, man, Ed, that is awesome. That's a surprise that you're doing that kind of stuff. That's really cool. Well, we try and keep the energy flowing. So we like to do good science, but we also like to have good fun and that's good fun. Man, well, I feel very fortunate to have come across you and I want to say thanks to my wife, Abby, for actually discovering you. Thanks, Abby. Thanks for sending in to us. Well, Ed, I really appreciate it, man. This has been great and I think we've all learned a lot about, this is like very, very, very historic drumming kind of stuff where every human, we all have this deep down inside of us. That's right.  We'll have a great day, man. I appreciate it. Okay, you too. If you like this podcast, find me on social media at drumhistory and please share, rate, and leave a review. And let me know topics that you would like to learn about in the future. Until next time, keep on learning. This is a Gwynn Sound podcast.


this course is about trade entry, trade analysis, trade simulation and planning your exits. So let's start with the trade entry. Good entry is always a good starting point and you know that's a no-brainer. In our case, most of the time it's going to be chart analysis. Sometimes it could be things like earnings. There could be some kind of an earnings catalyst. Perhaps the volatility is going too high because earnings are coming up. In the absence of any specific information, what we can do is look at the charts and understand whether it's a good point to enter a bullish trade or whether it's a good point to enter a bearish trade. So before you get into your entry, you need to understand your position. So what we mean is, let's say you're thinking about a spread. Let's say you're thinking about a bear called spread or a bull called spread, whatever it is. When you put the trade up on your analyze screen, before you execute it, you need to simulate this trade. So which means what will happen if the stock goes up $30 tomorrow or what will happen if the stock goes up $30 in two weeks? The difference between the two obviously is going to be time decay. So is first of all are you theta positive or are you theta negative? Do you want time decay or do you not want time decay? So that depends whether you have a buyer's profile or a seller's profile. What will happen in two weeks? What will happen in three weeks? What will happen in four weeks for a move of maybe $30 up, maybe $20 down? You have to look at all of these things and you have to get an understanding of your position and you can do that from the analyze tab on Thinkorswim or any other platform. So when you analyze your trade, you have to look at price movement first. So there are three things you have to simulate. And those are the three variables that impact option prices. First is price movement. Second is time decay. And the third is volatility.


Okay, everybody, we're gonna get started. Welcome back. I hope you all had a refreshing and wonderful long weekend of celebrating with those you love most. We're gonna begin this morning. I'm just gonna read a few verses if you have your bibles from Psalm 34. Some declarations and an exhortation that David gave to his own heart and to the people of God in that day when he was in a rough spot, when there was pressure bearing down on him. In verse one it says, I sought the Lord and he answered me and delivered me from all my fears. You know, there's so much breaking news right now in the land that can just be fearful and daunting and seemingly impossible to overcome just all the systemic brokenness and violence. But there's breaking news sometimes in our own spheres, isn't there, that's equally as daunting and seemingly impossible. The breaking news in our workplaces and in our homes and families and sometimes just in our own heart. And so I just want to encourage us. Let's just start here in the midst of all of the bad news or daunting news, whether it be in the land or right here in our own heart or in our own home. The praises of God will continually be in my mouth. Let's magnify the Lord this morning to magnify means to make bigger and bigger and bigger to increase him over all the pressures and over all the bad news. We want to magnify the Lord this morning. So let's just go ahead and stand. If you're at the altar with us this morning, feel free to stand and join us at home. Lord, we love you and we thank you that in and through it all, God, in the midst of all the turbulence in the land, in the midst of the turbulence in our own spheres, God, those personal storms of the heart and soul, those relational storms, God, in and through it all, above it all, you said, magnify bigger exalted this morning. And Lord, we just say your praise shall be in our mouth in every mile of our pilgrimage. We will bless the name of the Lord. We will exalt the name of Jesus in every season of our soul. Oh, magnify the Lord this morning. Holy Spirit, we ask that you would give us grace now, that you would put your lens over the eyes of our heart, that magnifying glass as we lift our gaze, set your lens over our eyes, that Jesus would be bigger than it all, that Jesus would be increased this morning as we open our mouths to declare his worth and to declare his praise in Jesus' name. Praise him in our understanding and in the spirit. We can see things right. Stir yourself up in the Holy Spirit. Oh, the depths of our heart with us. Voluntary love, we say yes. It is a peace. It's what you want and in God's hearts. Thank you for being magnified in our praises this morning. And now as we just shift into a time of prayer, we want to stay postured right there in that attitude of worship and magnifying Jesus. And now we're just going to begin to agree with the prayers of the great intercessor. And this morning, I've just had leaders on my heart, shepherds in our city and in our land who are trying to navigate these turbulent currents, these unfamiliar and unprecedented currents in our land, how to lead the people of God in and through it with hearts still full of faith and still bringing praise and trust to Jesus. I'm going to read just one verse in Jeremiah chapter three, but then we're going to pray one of the apostolic prayers in 1st Timothy. In Jeremiah chapter three, verse 15, it's a promise from the Lord. And he says, then I will give you shepherds after my own heart who will feed you on knowledge and understanding. And in 1st Timothy chapter two, beginning in verse one, the Lord gives us a commission as his people and he says, first of all, I urge that in treaties and prayers, petitions and thanksgivings be made on behalf of all men for kings and all who are in authority so that we may lead a tranquil and quiet life in all godliness and dignity. This is good and acceptable in the sight of God, our Savior who desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. So I just want to invite us to stay engaged, to begin to see the shepherds in our life, those ministry leaders, those youth group leaders, home group leaders, pastors, assistant pastors, worship leaders, Lord, we bring before you the shepherds in our city all across the congregations, God.  Lord, we lift them before you because you said that in those last days, God, you would give us your people, shepherds who are after your heart like David, who are knowledgeable and experiential knowledge of Jesus, who are men and women of understanding, discerning rightly what it is that the Holy Spirit is saying in this hour, where those Holy Spirit exclamation marks are being placed in our land and in our hearts. God, we thank you for this promise that you have not left us, Lord, with shallow leadership. You have not left us with dim eyes, dim understanding and discernment in this hour. So in obedience to you now, God, we pray for the shepherds that you have set apart, that you have mantled with positions of authority in your body. God, we pray for them that you would pour out your Holy Spirit upon them now. Lord, every home group leader across this city, God, every worship leader, every pastor in every position, God, worship pastors, prayer pastors, benevolence pastors, God, teaching pastors, youth pastors, young adult pastors, God, we lift them before you. We just say, Father, would you strengthen them anew in the name of the Lord Jesus? Would you pour out your Spirit upon them? Would you release fresh wind, God, into those spiritual lungs that they would inhale deeply, exhale deeply, strengthened with might, fortified in their inner man. God, as the land reels, our nation is reeling right now, as there's an all-out assault on the next generation. Lord, we pray for leaders that are standing strong, leaders that are seen sharply, discerning wisely in this hour, ears that are quickened to hear the frequency of heaven and the whispers of Holy Spirit. Holy Spirit, come, come now and infuse might into every in this city in Jesus' name. Your Spirit out, Lord, as a prayer, say these choruses in agreement as prayers or as prophetic declarations. See those shepherds that God has given you in your life and just as we're singing the chorus, just insert their name, just insert their name and make this personal. If you are a shepherd in the room, lay hands on your heart and just say, God, me, I'm praying for me, I'm singing for me. Okay, so Lord, we thank you that we read earlier.  And so Lord, I just stand before you on behalf of leaders, God, at the tip of the sphere, those senior leaders, God, then face the onslaught and the rage of the enemy, head on again of resistance, the full accusation of the accuser of the brethren. But I'm asking that you would hear our cry and deliver them from all their fears. Every what if, every seed of unbelief, every accusation of shame, comparison. Lord, all of those fears that they're not enough, not generating enough ministry funds. God, every your shepherds this morning that as we cross senior leader, God, who's at the tip of say, would you strengthen them?  This is God. I'm asking release courage, release to your leaders now from youth groups. But I'm asking from Sunday schools that there would be a what you do centimeter like the lamb to proclaim Jesus, to proclaim truth to those you've entrusted to their leadership. We ask in Jesus name for just door to the King's chambers that you would usher in leadership into the King's chambers, God, that there would be a fresh encounter with your presence, that there would be a fresh and renewal of intimacy in their hearts with you. Oh Lord, we're crying out, draw your shepherds that they might run in this hour with your heart, men and women after your heart, carrying your heart, bringing your heart to bear in those that they're leading. We pray Holy Spirit, would you woo them away? Would you draw them to the King's chambers once again? Would you revive and refresh first to you? Fan the flame, God of passion again in every heart. We're praying for just that fresh baptism of Holy Spirit on the hearts and the minds of our leaders.  Let them know the kisses of your word, that sweet spirit of revelation, that you would instruct them in the night and instruct them in your word, God. Give fire, rekindle again of passion and devotion and love for Jesus first and foremost. As your sons and daughters, we thank you, Jesus. The bruised places, God, the discouraged places, the low places. Raise up the valleys, God, in the hearts of your leaders. Hurt those sore places. Make them stand in this hour blameless with great joy in your presence. Buy your grace. Buy your strength. Make them stand for your glory, for the good of your people. We love you, Jesus. Oh, we love you, Jesus. We thank you.  And we thank you, Lord, for the good that you are doing in the hearts of your leaders across this city. And as we close, I just want to encourage us, like, if the Lord dropped a specific leader in your life on your heart this morning, with just a spirit of intercession, I would encourage you just to stay there, carry them through the day, carry them however long the Lord is emphasizing them, maybe even drop a note of encouragement. You know, it says the Lord quiets in His love and He sings over His people, but so often the way that He sings and quiets in His love is through His people. The Lord strengthens through His people. So just, I want to encourage us to just be willing to be that vessel. Well, God bless you. We're back here today at noon and at 6.30 tonight. Amen.


Good morning. My name is Steve Zwinger and I work at the NDSU Carrington Research Extension Center. We are in one of the organic fields at the center and this field here has been certified organic since 2006. And with me is the left and right hand man of the organic project, Steve Shulbert. We call ourselves Steve Squared. Say hi Steve. Hi folks. The work that is done out here cannot be done without Steve and so I thank him very much. Well with that I'm here today to talk about the Northern Plains Sustainable Ag Society's Farm Breeding Club and Determinant Buckwheat. So this is a project I work, we work very closely with Northern Plains and farmers working on developing varieties and evaluating seeds for organic farming systems. And with that we are we are working on a project that started in 2013 that was funded by a SARE project. It was a SARE Farmer Rancher Grant with three farmers involved and the Carrington Research Center. The variety we're talking about here is called Devakia Buckwheat. This seed came from the Ukraine in 2013 members of the Farm Breeding Club coordination team acquired a very small amount of this seed. We wrote a grant, Farmer Rancher Grant, to work on this project. The project was met with much failure meaning cropping conditions, hail, drought, grasshoppers. And we revisited it the last couple years. Today what we're standing from is a small seed increase. This project was funded by the Organic Crop and Proven Association so thank you very much for that. This is a small backup increase. There's a two acre increase on Owen Trangsrew Farms who's a member of the Farm Breeding Club down in Enderland. And so what happened is in 2013-14 we were working with this project. The first year in 2013 there was about a thousand grams of seed sown on Ann Ongsted's farm, the project leader down in Robinson. From 1,000 grams we turned it into 55 pounds of seed. That seed was then seeded on Rick Mitleider's farm the next year, but it was met with adverse conditions such as a very very bad rainstorm that washed it out and we did not get any production. There was only a small amount of seed left and last year it was planted. About two pounds was planted on this field, a little less than two pounds and we turned it into 99.6 pounds of seed. That led to this increase as a backup and the seed that was seeded on Owen Trangsrew Farm. During those years we were able to get a valuation one year on 2014 in the research plots. Those research plots showed us, you know, so we don't have conclusive data on this variety to see if it's adapted for farmers, but and again I should say if we don't understand what determinant means compared to indeterminate, buckwheat is an indeterminate crop meaning it will flower, it will continue with flowering until either freezes or dies or is swathed. So this is a determinant variety, meaning it will flower, quit flowering and then we'll harvest it. So that can be advantageous and that can be a tool for us, although the resiliency of indeterminate is also a tool. So that's what we're here about is to determine that. So what did we find in 2014 when we were able to put it under replicated plots? We found that this variety will flower slightly earlier than our other varieties, three to four days earlier and again if we look at this we can see it's flowering. This increase was planted May 26, today is June 26, that's 30 days. So it's flowering in 30 days, that's the same thing our data showed us. Buckwheat will indeterminate varieties will flower generally from anywhere from 32 to 38 days depending upon the weather conditions. This one again as I mentioned will flower about three days earlier, but the beauty of it is it will flower and then quit flowering. That also can be a problem because if the conditions aren't right during that time period of flowering we won't have the resiliency that Buckwheat has. So again we found that it will flower early and again it's pointed out and as I showed you this this this spot looks a little bit bad here because why?  If we get back here they didn't and again we can see how it's flowering very uniformly and so this has been flowering for one to two days already and so what did we find also? We found that it's a little bit shorter than the other varieties three to four inches and it yield its test weight was about average, its kernel weight was a little bit better meaning the amount of seeds per pound or the size of those seeds and its yield was about average. So you know again we do have it in our variety trial this year to evaluate that and we're getting we have a seed backup at Owens Farm and hopefully that seed will then become available if we have a successful harvest from two acres there will be adequate seed then to get on many more farms. So basically we are doing this this group of farmers is on farm research because we really believe in that and so we believe in we believe in farmers working with the land grant helping them. That was an original mission when the land grant was started off and that's what we're trying to do with the farm breeder club and so again that's the Northern Plains Sustainable Exercise Farm Breeder Club who this tour is a part of and again thank you OCIA for funding this project and helping us develop organic seed. Thank you.


Devin has created some very unusual movement in her leaf structure.  So we have Brie following the striations in the beach sleeve, but we also have a very painterly effect of Renoir in Devin. She's moving it up like this. Caitlin. Caitlin's strokes are more vertical, but they're very impressionistic. There's tremendous movement in both of these, and Renoir as an artist created much more movement in his work than Monet did. Okay.