Hi, Jeff Rick here with theCUBE. We are having a CUBE conversation in Palo Alto, California today, talking about security and mobile and really, I guess, a lot of security. So we're excited to have Tom Kemp, co-founder and CEO of Centrify, stop by and give us a quick update. So Tom, welcome. Yeah, great to be here, Jeff. Super. So before we get started, I wanted to give everyone just kind of a quick update on Centrify if they're not familiar with the company. Yeah, sure. So we're a security company and specifically we're focused on addressing the problems with passwords that people have. People have too many passwords. They're right, they're passwords. Or if they have a lot of passwords, oftentimes they have too much privilege associated with those passwords as well. So we're specifically a company that does identity and access management and we give users one single sign-on and give IT a single way to control who can access what across data center, cloud and mobile. Okay, so single sign-on's been around for a long time. It's been in Nirvana. I remember selling single sign-on 15 years ago. This was the great thing. Obviously, so you've pretty much enterprise focused on your single sign-on and is it at kind of the enterprise access layer or do you go beyond that? Yeah, yes, and we go beyond that. And so what's happened over the last few years is the world's become more de-perimeterized, right? And so the fundamental question is, is that how can you secure this new world where increasingly people are leveraging mobile devices at Starbucks talking to SaaS applications? So the old world of single sign-on was focusing on-premise with SAP, doing a lot of screen scraping, shoving passwords in, but now the world is that end users are on the go. They're increasingly using mobile devices. They're talking to SaaS applications, but they also need to talk back to on-premise apps as well. So the problem is just huge in terms of you need to have the ability to talk to hundreds, if not thousands of SaaS applications to have a viable solution. You need to have a real strong mobile story to ensure seamless anywhere any device access. And you also need to tie in to legacy infrastructure as well because people still need to access that. So the problem is just significantly more complex and you need to address that, but then there's also other things you need to address as well. Right, and you guys have been at this for a while. Founded in 2004, congratulations. Just had a recent funding round, 42 million. That's a nice pop for the bank. But you've really seen the situation change, right? 2004 was really about perimeter security, I imagine. Much more about basically you just guard the door and they either get in or get out and once they're in, they're in. But now with the mobile devices, bring your own device. And as you said, not only do you have SaaS applications, but you have blended use, right? I may have Dropbox for my personal use to share pictures and then maybe I'm using Dropbox to share within the company or I just had an application the other day where we were sharing logos with a different company. So much more complexity. Oh, absolutely. And so the thing is is that, yeah, before it was always about securing the perimeter and oftentimes what happened, it was kind of crunchy on the outside but chewy on the inside, but that perimeter has completely disappeared. And so what can you protect? And so we are increasingly seeing that it's the user, it's their identity is the most important thing. So we oftentimes say identity is the new perimeter. And it's not only about giving a user a single username and password, but it's also providing additional step up level of security to ensure it's really them. And that's where you can tie in the mobile device and use biometrics or as well as additional factors to say, yes, it's me trying to access Salesforce, but based on the fact that I have this mobile device and I push my thumb against the device at the same time allows me to get in. So that's one aspect. The other thing is is that with this whole depriminization that what we're also finding is another set of problems besides end users having too many usernames and passwords is the fact that certain users within the organization have too much privilege. And now we're seeing a lot of these hacks are going after the users with their identity but they're specifically targeting the people that have access and the keys to the kingdom, to the servers and the applications, et cetera.  Now, wasn't that kind of accounted for before in the concept of roles, right? So if you had a role, you had a particular type of a role then that's how your access was granted. So you're saying that's no longer adequate or this is a different derivation of that? See, the issue is with the whole consumerization of IT that IT has no clue what applications are being used, et cetera. So you can say, oh yes, Jeff has this role, right? But you mentioned Dropbox, there's Box. The marketing department decides to spin up Marketo or Google Analytics. And so IT, it's much more difficult to centrally control roles and rights when you have a de-perimeterized world and most computing is now being done on mobile devices as well. So you still need it but the problem is just much more complex as well. And you need to layer on additional levels of security such as multi-factor authentication, you need provisioning, you need this privilege management as well. So it's become a much huger problem and traditional ways of doing security, firewalls, intrusion detection, intrusion prevention are becoming less and less applicable in a cloud and mobile world because we don't walk around carrying a firewall when we're at Starbucks, right? So would you say then it's really a term that gets thrown around a lot in theCUBE about perimeter-less security? That's really the era that we are. Yes, and so exactly, it's that era and so the focus is now more on the user and protecting the user, protecting their identity and using their device as another means to validate it's really them. It's really Tom Kemp as opposed to someone in China that stole my username and password. Right, right. That's interesting, we did a thing with Dell and they were talking about some intelligent devices or even if you got the device and the password based on the pressure and other kind of much granular levels of detail they could figure out whether it's really me or not just in the way that I interact with my own phone. Yeah, at Mobile World Congress we actually showed the integration with the Apple Touch ID and the similar touch technology that Samsung has in their device as well. So to access a application, yes, you may type a password but then you must also have the device, maybe type a pin and then put your thumb to send the pin across as well. So that's actually three forms of authentication there as well and that may be what people want because again, if someone were to steal a password to your Salesforce or your Office 365 or your box some serious damage could happen. Right, so there's a lot of different paths we could go down here. One of them is the big data path and one of the big issues with big data or the opportunities that big data opens up is now you can not only work with the data that you control from the systems you control but you can also pull in external data. Are you using those types of sources and information to help with the authentication? Yeah, I mean the thing with Centrify is I know there's a lot of startup companies that are focusing on cloud identity and doing SaaS single sign-on. We do that but we started originally focusing on identity on-premises as well, right? And so we think we're pretty unique in that we can span across not only cloud and mobile but address the data center and provide a holistic view. And what we're seeing is that one of the biggest drivers of people still deploying systems and applications on-premises is big data. There's a greater comfort level to have their big data warehouses, their Hadoop deployments to be on-prem and customers are setting up these clusters with hundreds and thousands of systems, et cetera. They're not necessarily yet putting them in the cloud but now what you have is a situation in which the data is becoming centralized and there's more precious data in one location and it's becoming even more important to granularly control who can access that as well as to audit activity. And that's that privilege management aspect. So recently we announced partnerships with Cloudera, Hortonworks and MapR. We're really one of the first identity management vendors to provide this type of capability for big data deployments. And so the gist of that partnership is you and you putting your security layer into their system? Yeah, so we're, look, the big data vendors and if you were to talk to Tom Riley at Cloudera, John, Sherrod at AppLogs, we, yeah, Sherrod at Hortonworks, if you talk to those guys, they're very proud of the security they do. And so our message is we embrace that and extend it. We extend it beyond just doing the actual Hadoop infrastructure because people from the outside are trying to get into the Hadoop infrastructure or we also can tie that Hadoop infrastructure to their existing active directory so you don't have to have separate accounts, which makes it easier for IT to deploy Hadoop if with our technology providing the integration layer between that and active directory, providing the auditing of activity because all the key data is in it. So if you look at the recent hacks, like the recent Anthem hack, I mean there was 80 million records. I mean clearly that's like a big data type scenario and situation and someone got in and was able to do that and you really need identity management, specifically user level activity monitoring to be able to detect that. Because clearly log files were not applicable. So again the focus is shifting from traditional security be it SIM, antivirus, firewalls to focusing more on user and user level activity. So talk a little bit about the arms race, right? Because you guys are in the arms race, you've been in the business a long time and it's always that you put up new barriers and the guys work hard and try to find a hole in Weasel Inn and you put up new barriers and they try to Weasel Inn to find a hole. How does that work in the real world of what you guys do every day? How do you plan your products? How are you getting that information to kind of know where the next potential fail point is? Yeah, so I think the first thing is, is that 10 years ago when we formed the company, we initially focused on the on-premises environment. And then five years ago, we built this multi-tenanted cloud service to address cloud and mobile and so most startups in this arms race have just focusing on cloud. They kind of ignore the on-premises and again, I think especially in the larger organization, it's gonna be a hybrid environment. So I think we naturally have an unfair advantage in terms of that we can address the totality of enterprises, IT infrastructure, no matter where it's located. So it's leveraging your technology but the other aspect is that we've been focusing very much on leveraging partnerships. We've been leveraging channel partners and so right now, half our sales goes through channel partners and that takes time to build up an effective channel partner. And then we've been also focusing on strategic partners. So at Mobile World Congress just the other week, we announced this partnership with AVG. They're OEMing our identities of service offering and making that available to their customers. And we also have a great partnership with Samsung where they offer our identity technology as part of their platform towards the business as well. Can you unpack that a little bit more to Samsung? Because a lot of people obviously know Samsung, a lot of people have their phone. So what exactly does that mean? What is the benefit of that partnership to the person that's got the phone in their hand? Absolutely, so Samsung is very much focused on the enterprise these days. They see that as a, especially with the problems that Blackberry's been having, that they want to become one of the leaders vis-a-vis providing a secure mobile platform for the enterprise. And so they invested heavily in this technology called NOC. So it used to be called SAFE, Samsung for Enterprises, but they also have now added some additional technologies like containerization technology to provide a separation between work and play on the phone, right? But by itself, that's nice. They also realized they need an ecosystem of mobile management vendors, but they also understand that because the device is so closely tied to the user and that the user is increasingly using that as an access point to access Salesforce, Concur, WebEx, et cetera, that they wanted to make sure that the device itself could be managed, and then from the device that single sign-on could be facilitated with, basically, actually, we call it zero sign-on on a mobile device. You just want to click the icon and just seamlessly access to that and also integrate biometrics. And that's managed by the corporate IT. They're managing that, so they just give you the device that's loaded. So we have an OEM relationship in which we provide the Identity Access Management capabilities and some mobile management capabilities for Samsung and their enterprise offerings. And that's part of that NOx application suite. That's part of the NOx, exactly. Okay, yeah. So let's do some words 101 here. So we've thrown around some words. I wanted to educate the audience. So we've talked about privilege management, identity management, and mobility management. Okay. What are those exactly? Okay, so Identity Management is about users, what they can access, controlling the access, et cetera. So it, and, you know, frankly, Identity is not only about the technology, but it's also about the people, the process associated with it as well. So it's about giving the right people access to the right information and providing the means for people to do that. Privilege management builds upon identity management and saying, look, there's a special class of users that have access to key corporate information. And so besides giving them the right people to write access, I want to provide additional levels of control. I want to control exactly what commands they can type, when they can type it, where they can type it. I also want to audit all their activity, not just like they logged in, but I want to capture every keystroke or every mouse click, et cetera. So that's privilege management. And what are the apps and access where people apply that extra layer? Oh, well, it's core infrastructure. It's your servers, it's your routers, et cetera. What we found is that because of the increasing complexity that's happening in IT, one manifestation, which is an identity management, is that users have too many passwords. The other side of the coin is that because of the complexity, IT people are sharing too many accounts. They're sharing the root account, the oracle account. They're the gods within the organization. They can do anything. And so look at the Sony Pictures hack. They targeted via phishing these advanced persistent threats. They're going after the IT guys, the DBAs, that have the oracle SysDBA accounts. They're going after the SysAdmins with the root accounts. They're going after the email administrators. So why hack just regular Joe Blow user? You just get access to that person's email. No big deal. But if you hack the email administrator or the file administrator or the network, the guy with the router, you have access to everything. And probably the best manifestation of that is with Snowden, right? He was a SysAdministrator and clearly accounts were being shared, right? And there's no accountability associated with that as well. And then of course, as more stuff moves through the cloud, then the administrators have unbridled access to stuff on Amazon, Azure, Salesforce, et cetera. So those are the people with the keys to the kingdom where you really want to pay extra special attention to them. Much like if you go into a casino, there's an eye in the sky, right? And the eye in the sky is spending just as much attention on the dealers making sure that they're not doing stuff as opposed to the people actually at the card table as well. Yeah, it's interesting. I heard a story about where they targeted some company where somebody had set up like a charity website, kind of on the side is a do good, feel good thing. But it was the same guy that had the keys to the kingdom. So they came through, they feel good, goodness, charity thing. And that was their access point because they figured out it was the same guy. Yeah, so if they are able to get that guy's password, right, then they can get access to anything. And so if you look at what happened to Sony and the whole list goes on, it's about privileged management. So there's an area of specialization. And then the final thing about mobile management, it's clearly, mobile management has gone beyond basic mobile device management. We provide that. And the reason why we provide that is if mobile is becoming the access point, of course you wanna make sure it's not gel broken, it's a secure, you can apply policies. But mobile management nowadays also includes mobile application management, the ability to deploy apps. And what we uniquely do is that we can provision a user in Salesforce, but then also deploy Salesforce app to the mobile device at the same time. It also provides containerization technology which we instead of trying to build that ourselves or partnering with Samsung, we partner with Apple because we kind of see that's being part of the core OS. So that's what mobility management is well. And of course I think there's increasingly people realize that there is more of an identity component to mobile management because of the tie-in with the user and their device. Okay, so I wanna ask you a question about cloud and security, not specifically to your product, but more generally, which is more secure? A public cloud or your own cloud? And the reason I ask, cause I think it's interesting when we hear about all these hacks that are oftentimes accessed through an internal employee where if you've got a public cloud it's an Amazon or Azure or whatever. In theory, there's not as many disgruntled employees at my shop that have access to that data. Are public cloud secure? Are they more secure? Is it just a different type of security? What do you think? I think in general that I think increasingly public clouds are gonna be more secure just because there's that that's their business. There's just one, like there's only one, say Office 365 or Salesforce. They have a complete army of people making sure that it's completely secure, et cetera. They're getting third-party testing validation.  We have a team of people right there. And I highly doubt that the similar levels of certification are being done by large corporations for their private cloud as well. And frankly, yeah, so I think increasingly just because the bar is so high and, you know, we haven't heard of a major hack of a Salesforce or Office 365, et cetera, but we're hearing more about the hacks of the anthems, the Sony pictures, et cetera. I think that better practices are being utilized with a lot of the public cloud. Not to say that there probably wouldn't be a major breach that eventually occurs, you know, with one of the big providers, et cetera, but the bar is higher for those guys and it's hard for 2,000 global enterprises to have that same level of bar that a Salesforce puts in place with their cloud. Yeah, interesting. All right, so we're almost at the end of our time here. I know RSA is coming up, your big show. So what's going on at RSA? What are you excited about? And then, you know, kind of what's on the agenda now for the next 12 months? Yeah, so we're doing, so we're actually going to come out with a new product line at RSA and it provides additional levels of identity capabilities based on our cloud platform. So we've really built our cloud platform to actually be a platform where we can have, not only provide single sign-on, provisioning, multi-factor authentication, but there's the ability for us to further extend it and we're going to be coming out with a new suite of products based on that. So it's going to be more cloud stuff that we're cloud-based architecture and delivery. So basically, all our new stuff is going to be based on the cloud and in addition, you know, further tying the mobile management capability. So we're going to have a big splash there and we're really excited about, you know, what's happening at RSA. Awesome, gotta put all that money to work that you got last year. Absolutely. All right, Tom, thanks for stopping by. I'm Jeff Frick. We're having a CUBE conversation at Palo Alto, the heart of Silicon Valley. Thanks for watching. Join here with Tom Kemp, co-founder and CEO of Centrify. I'm Jeff Frick. You're watching theCUBE. We'll see you next time.


Every coast's Prime Minister Patrick Archie said he was in good shape after returning home to Abidjan on Friday, May 14th. 65-year-old Archie had spent five days in France for medical treatment. He had also undergone tests for severe fatigue he suffered since his appointment in March. He visited France for health reasons last week, but left promoterly to participate in discussions about the power problems. He then returned to Paris on Tuesday, cancelling a tour of hydroelectric dams.


Apple's new Vision Pro pre-orders start Friday, January 19th at 8 a.m. You'll need to use an iPhone or an iPad with FaceTime in order to determine the right size of light seal and headbands based on the size of your noggin. If you're not sure about spending $3,500 on a product you've never seen and you'd like to try it out first, Apple said in a promotional email that it will open signups for in-person demonstrations at Apple stores starting at 8 a.m. Friday, February 2nd, and through the weekend on a first-come, first-served basis. Now, there's still a lot of details that did not make clear, like whether signing up secures you a specific demo time where you just get assigned, how long the demo will go, how much time do you have to set aside, and whether you need to stand in a wrap-around-the-block queue like Apple days of yore with the iPhone or if this is a reservation like a Genius Bar thing where you show up and you should go right in.


One of the most common questions I get asked is, you know, how do I start day trading? So what me and my mentor about it for our viewers on YouTube is creative free mentorship course that reveals our 12 secrets that every single brand new day trader should know before they get started. But please take note that there is limited seating every single week. So please reserve your spot at my investing club.co link is in the description. Alright, enjoy the video guys. We've got a lot of great examples. Recently, we've discussed a few already, but we're going to discuss some more on the opposite side and you know, to the forward side first and foremost, before we get any deeper into this, what I'm going to talk about is we are going to get into market recap really fast. And then we're going to discuss all the little ins and outs. Alright, so we're finally bouncing again in the market.  We had a good first green day set up here. This is what we were all looking for. And this was right Friday. No, Thursday, Wednesday, sorry, shit, I've already forgotten. So Wednesday, good setup there. I'm still bullish on on the market. I see no reason to be bearish. Obviously the levels that we have to break now are this really this 282 level in the cues. So I'm really looking at the cues as kind of the leader of everything else because we've been in a very tech driven market. And so the cues are going to dictate a lot even with the election coming. Yes, absolutely. I'm still bullish up to the election point. Okay, up until the election, I remain bullish. Okay, there is no shaking me out of that. The only way that I'm shaken out of a bullish thought is very a very simple explanation is if we lose that nine EMA, if we lose that nine EMA, okay, all right, I'll join the cell parade. Alright, because we haven't lost the nine in what six months, we lost it for a brief moment and then quickly reclaimed it. So this right here, and this is on a weekly timeframe to guys, I'm not looking at these things, I'm not looking every five minutes, I'm not looking at the 15 minute, I'm not looking at these little baby drops. Okay, I'm I started buying spy at 344. That was my starter that I talked about. I bought it into this candle and took a starter on that. Okay, I added when we held this 333 level, I added right here, and I'm still a long spy. My target is 345 and 350. So I want to bounce to 345 to 350, and I'm good. Okay, now I think Warren pointed this out very good thing to point out is, you know, tomorrow is the FOMC meeting before the election. It's a final one. Yeah, they're probably not going to do anything different. I agree. I don't know if you is this a quote from someone I see the quotations. I don't know if that's a quote from anybody, but I agree that they're probably not going to do anything different to shake up to shake up anything. So yeah, it's from a blog. Okay, cool. Yeah, I agree with this outlook. They should be prepared for anything absolutely prepared for anything. I don't think you need to be putting risk on right now. And so this is kind of like, I know we didn't get to do this yesterday. So I had to move my office into our master bedroom. And so my life is in a lot of disarray right now, in terms of like routine. And so I am largely focused on just sticking with what I have in terms of positions, except for what I believe to be a good play is draft Kings. This last was Thursday night, the first night of football or was Sunday night the first night of football, I don't remember, regardless, NFL is back. And now that the NFL is back, sports betting, we're game on. It's game on for sports betting. And there hasn't been any.  Biggest betting, the biggest sports betting hands down in my opinion is football. I mean, that's the biggest attention grabber. Was it last Thursday? Okay, I missed the Thursday night game. I just caught I caught all the Sunday games. We're not going to talk about the buccaneers. You're right. It was the chiefs. There we go. All right. Anyway, so what a fitting fitting team to open it up overall outlook here and I'll go I'm going to review draft Kings in a little bit. I'll review that in a second. But let's get back to the spy. I'm still bullish on this. I the pullback in the market was due to Apple. Okay, that this I mean, if you put Apple's chart and then spy, this is this is all Apple right here. Okay. And once we recover from that, you know, once Apple recovers from that, Apple could potentially have a more sell off tomorrow. But right here was when the conference or when the event started and they I don't understand why we sold off. I understand that there wasn't anything big. How did they affect the market? I don't know. Maybe because they're like the most valuable company in the world that is publicly traded.  They're an absolute giant. I mean, they lead everything. So pretty much look what was I mean, we had full blown consolidation, right? Full blown all consolidation, nice consolidation, good consolidation into the world happened here, shorts one again. Nope, reverse. I mean, what's that?   And it doesn't take a rocket scientist to see that you don't need to read the tape to see that this bounce 339 339 up to 340 in a span of what's that the last 1520 minutes of the day. It's like I'm just I'm I'm there's no reason to be if your edge is to short these pushes. Alright, more power to you. Do you think whatever doesn't matter to me? Okay, but in terms of overall trading, we're not talking about you know what like Rod said, I'm only 30 minute bear. Yeah. Oh, man. Yeah, I'm a I'm a bear for all of about 30. Like I was a bear on Tesla for all of about a minute and a half, a minute and a half. And I was that was it. I was I was right back to right back to bullish. And so I think that that's the same thing in the market. I don't pay attention to these after hours pullbacks, these little after hours ticks and things the ES look, I mean, we held the nine on the weekly like we closed right at it. If there was a time to continue a sell off, it's this week. Okay, we still have time to break this. Alright, this week is not over yet. We've still got three days of full trading before this ends. So a lot of things can happen between now and then. Alright, a lot of stuff can happen. I still think that the market is going to close green this week how high it goes. No one knows this 340 level. Okay, this level right here. That level is big. All right, it's big.  Okay, fine. That level right there a close over that level. And we're back in the game. We're back in the game. That's a full blown bear trap if there ever was one. Now what could happen we can almost every time and this is part of what MIC teaches is when it hits the resistance the first time, it pulls back. Okay, that doesn't mean you turn bearish immediately. Oh my God, the market's tanking. It's gonna come down.  There's no reason to be buying here. So that's why I don't I that's why I was saying in chat that I didn't want to long Netflix overnight, even though I should have we close at 496 and weren't you know, 498 after hours. I'm not gonna do it because of the state of the market. I'm not going to long Netflix overnight when the spy is at a key resistance. If we were to have closed in the market over 3400 or 340, whatever you want to say, okay, I would be long, I would be long Netflix overnight. Wow, that was really loud. Sorry about that. Let me stop that. There you go. So if the market was not at a big resistance level, I'd be long Netflix overnight. Hey guys, my name is Toss Bradley. I'm one of the head mentors and moderators of my investing club. If you have any questions about getting started in trading, getting started in the MIC, MIC in general, text me at<PHONE_NUMBER>. This is not a robot. It is me directly on the other end of my business line. And we'll get you in the club. We also have special promotions going on that I can get to you depending on your trading needs. Hit me up. That's the video. How do you research which stocks fall under the S&P? You can just like Google that and it'll give you the list. How do you find out what institutions are buying and selling their positions? Same day. I don't think you can know unless you have some inside information. The only other way to do that is through their filings. So you could do that like this. So for example, with Bamsec, let's take like a turd company, for example, like Sava, you know, Sava is running in small caps. So everybody's looking at some next shiny thing. So you could take a company like Armistice Intracoastal. I mean, these are known pump and dumpers. What you do is you go in here and you click SEC Edgar, and you're looking for Armistice capital, like their firm right here. And then they have a CIK number, which is this number right here. So you can see all the filings that they file and what you're going to follow. You're going to follow their 13 F filings. So that's their quarterly filed report of their holdings, which is like here. So you're going to follow the 13 Fs. And then you can see what they hold positions in at that time. And you can see their pretty sure you can see their average too. So like, this is the HTML document, like the front page of it. But what you'll do is you'll go in here and you'll download information table, right? It's been a long time since I've done this. I used to do this a lot. But so here's all their holdings. This is what they own. They own auto zone. That's interesting. So this is what they own. This is the voting number of shares, total number of shares here, total value in 1000. So if you want to figure out what their average is, you're just going to take the total number of value in 1000s and divide by the number of shares. And that's the average that they hold from. I keep in mind that doesn't mean that, you know, with these companies like Armistice, you know, these these people are known for pumping and dumping, like they're known for investing in a company in order to get warrants and money from the company that gets shares that they can sell into the market and recoup what they give the company in terms of financing payments.  But you can start to keep track of these people. For example, like, let's let's find somebody Jivo, like here we go intercoastal and CVI, like CVI is another known pumper. I'm looking for savvy, savvy management. savvy is a very known pumper as well. And what you can do is you can start to kind of follow these people's picks and their positions. And what you'll see is you'll see the SC 13g filing first, like this discloses their position, how many shares they bought that discloses the position. And can I list them here? I do I don't even have the list more like I think you can go to like placement tracker, I think is placement tracker, which publishes the top 20 shows on the quarterly. Here you go. So placement tracker publishes quarter one 2020 pipe and private placement market league tables. So these are the people that raised the most money through pipes. The number one is HC Wainwright number two, Maxim number three, Jeffries, Cohen, AGP, Ladenberg, Thalman, Oppenheimer, see here is why I don't believe Oppenheimer every time they put an upgrade because they're all budget scandalous fucks.  So HC Wainwright is the most active placement agent. Lincoln Park is the most active institutional investor. Cooley LLP is the most active issuer. Shult Roth is the most active investor counsel. Elanoff Grossman is the most active agent counsel. And here's one for you. Jeffries is the most active agent for at the market transactions.  So yeah, here you go. Here's the institutional investor league. There's Lincoln Park at the very top. Anson, Armistice, Intra-Coastal, all of them. All of them are here.  Please text Tosh using the number here. Also, stay up to date by watching some of our most recent videos right over here.


Overall, Scotland's air quality is good, but we have a number of localised hotspots in some of our towns and cities where additional action is required. We are working closely with local authorities and other partners to tackle those. We are very clear on our vision for air quality in Scotland. We want Scotland to be the best in Europe. Air pollution remains a significant public health and social justice issue. Improving air quality is important for the contribution that it makes to everyone's quality of life. For some groups in society that are very young and old and those with existing respiratory and cardiovascular conditions, it is even more fundamental. There is no doubt that improving air quality will result in improved health, while also delivering more attractive places for living, working and enjoying recreation. The evidence on health impacts shows that poor air quality reduces average life expectancy in Scotland by three to four months. While that might be lower than elsewhere in the UK, it is still unacceptable, so action is required. The Cleaner Air for Scotland strategy sets out an ambitious work programme to deliver further air quality improvements. Earlier this year, the first national clean air day was successfully staged. During that, we published the first cleaner air for Scotland progress report, setting out actions that have already been delivered and the current status of other actions to enhance our air quality. In that strategy, we set out our ambition for low-emission zones to be in place by 2020. We have since stepped up that ambition significantly. LEZs set minimum emission standards for vehicle access to a defined area. We want LEZs to help us to achieve and go beyond statutory air quality requirements. In particular, we believe that LEZs should focus on nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter to pollutants of special concern for human health. In last year's programme for government, we committed to putting in place the first LEZ by 2018. In this year's programme, we have gone further and committed to establishing LEZs in each of our four biggest cities between 2018 and 2020. By 2023, that will be extended into other air quality management areas, where the national low-emission framework demonstrates its value. Delivering multiple LEZs across Scotland is ambitious. It represents the largest ever programme of transport-based air quality mitigation in Scotland. We are also working to further improve air quality by reducing vehicle exhaust emissions. The programme for government sets a bold new ambition on ultra-low-emission vehicles, including electric cars and vans, with a target to phase out the need for new petrol and diesel vehicles by 2032. We will expand the electric vehicle charging network, support innovative approaches and encourage the public sector to lead the way. The ambition is underpinned by our recently published Switched on Scotland action plan and builds on the range of incentives that we already provide to local authorities, businesses and individuals. Delivery of these ambitions requires clear structures to maximise the benefits of this partnership. We have engaged with Glasgow and Edinburgh councils to establish LEZ delivery groups. We have also contacted Aberdeen and Dundee City councils to discuss how similar groups could be established for their cities. The delivery groups will be supported by an independent senior scientific practitioner who will offer a critical challenge function around the delivery of LEZs. We will also create an LEZ leadership group across the four cities to ensure that knowledge sharing happens in a co-ordinated and constructive way, so that nationally consistent standards are applied and lessons shared. This will be a ministerially led group, and with the Minister for Transport and the Islands, I have written to invite the councils to join the group. The decision on LEZ locations and design will be led by local authorities in partnership with the Scottish Government and regional transport partnerships. I look forward to announcing shortly where the first LEZ will be. This will build on that council's assessment of the evidence base that has been developed in partnership with SIPA and Transport Scotland. I know that councils are supportive of this evidence, both in assessing needs and supporting their assessment of community and business engagement in demonstrating benefits. That evidence will be critical in determining which types of vehicles should be restricted and when. Each area will have its own specific requirements. On 6 September, we launched the LEZ consultation. It is open until 28 November. The consultation gives us the opportunity to seek views and opinions from business, the general public and other interested parties on issues that will shape our LEZ-guiding principles. Those will ultimately aid local authorities in the design, establishment and operation of Scottish LEZs in a consistent manner. Initial media reports suggested the immediate banning of cars and buses in 2018. That of course is inaccurate and misleading, and it also missed many of the key points that we need to get across as to benefits and managing change. We are proposing that local authorities identify specific vehicle types that would not be allowed to enter an LEZ. That would mean that such vehicles would be subject to a financial penalty if they illegally entered a zone. We want to avoid such breaches. That is quite different to the approach that is used in other parts of the UK, where a road charge can be paid to enter. That road pricing idea is not the approach that is suggested in Scotland. Stakeholder engagement during the consultation's development was very clear about the need for robust lead-in periods. Lead-in times would allow commercial fleet operators and private vehicle owners time to prepare and manage the change as part of fleet management. The proposal is that a lead-in period would start once a local authority declared an LEZ design and location, with the lead-in time running for a period after the LEZ is established. European LEZs have set variable timeframes for lead-in times, typically from one to four years. We want to hear the views of a wide range of stakeholders on these very important and practical issues. A phased introduction of inclusion of vehicle types into an LEZ is expected. Local authorities may decide to include private cars, as is their right, at some point if they believe that such emission sources are significant enough to warrant inclusion. The precise arrangements will be in city-specific design plans. I would like to draw particular attention to our bus sector, which has been and will continue to be an integral partner in assisting this Government to improve air quality. Buses are a key solution to our air quality challenges, offering commuters an alternative to the private car. They are not villains, clean low-emission buses are an opportunity. The changing behaviour change to move people out of cars and into efficient and low-emission buses will help to reduce congestion and emissions at the same time. Those things must go hand in hand. The first LEZ will act as a case study on how the two issues can interact. We will shortly be announcing the winners of the seventh round of the Scottish Green Bus Fund, which will bring forward another 47 low-emission buses. Beyond that, the PFG outlined our ambition in extending Government support to accelerate the industry's move towards buying the lowest-emitting buses. Those new buses mean a step change in emissions performance with a better offer for passengers, making buses an attractive mode of choice. In the short term, to address the air quality challenge, we are exploring options to support the sector this financial year. That would be targeted at bus retrofitting. We are engaging with the sector to better understand the technological opportunities and challenges that retrofitting will bring. We believe that LEZs should also interact with a host of other transport policies. Those include actions to tackle congestion, supporting modal shift towards more active travel and public transport, delivering climate change mitigation and support planners in making our town and city spaces more pleasant spaces to live work and spend leisure time. LEZs will be designed on the basis of clear evidence that identifies the air quality issues in a given location and the specific vehicle types that cause air pollution. That will allow the size of the zone and the delivery requirements to be determined and established. We are conscious that designing LEZs must consider potential knock-on effects. We must be alive to the displacement of air pollution to other areas. We have to ensure that LEZs are delivered in an equitable manner and consider equality issues, particularly for communities that rely on public transport to move around our towns and cities. On funding, investment will be considered within the forthcoming spending review. Costs associated with LEZs such as enforcement and retrofitting grants will depend on the type and scale of the LEZs, as decided by the local authorities. We need people's views across a wide range of Scotland, and I ask members to help highlight the opportunities that well-designed LEZs bring and to encourage their constituents to respond to the building Scotland's low-emissions consultation. The public is a key partner in our work to promote air quality and will be the principal beneficiary. We are in 20 minutes for questions, starting with Maurice Golden to be followed by David Stewart. I thank the cabinet secretary for prior sight of her statement. The Scottish Conservatives broadly welcomed many of the proposals included in the programme for government in relation to reducing air pollution. Although many of the SNP Government's proposals present a positive and constructive step forward, we believe that the plans fall short of expectation and would argue that there is need for them to go further. The Scottish Conservatives take an ambitious and bold approach to reducing air pollution, such as expanding the network of air quality monitors, in particular introducing them to primary schools. Last year, I met the transport minister regarding the establishment of urban consolidation hubs. They are an essential component for low-emissions zones by removing the requirement for freight to enter city centres in a commercially feasible way. Glasgow airport would be an ideal location for one of those, and I urge the SNP Government to consider that. What support is being provided to local authorities and businesses in order to create urban consolidation hubs? The issue of urban consolidation hubs has been raised by the member previously, and as he has already indicated, he is having constructive meetings, I hope, with the transport minister around that. Some of those will be issues for local authorities themselves to consider. We are trying to empower local authorities to move ahead with what they consider to be the most appropriate thing for their area, and we are providing support. I have indicated that that will become available through the budget process this year and next year. That is bound to include, I would imagine, consideration of transport hubs where it is considered appropriate, but at the moment we are not, as a Government, specifying where that might be. We would be expecting there to be a communication that will allow us to develop a network of those if they are considered to be required and where they might be useful. I am sure that that will be a continuing conversation that the member and others may wish to have with the transport minister. David Stewart, to follow by Graham Day. Thank you, Presiding Officer, and I also thank the cabinet secretary for Van Sight of our statement. The key issue across the chamber is how do we improve air quality? Scotland has failed to meet European air quality directives in Glasgow, and across our cities and towns there are hotspots of air pollution that adversely affect the health of our children, the elderly and the ill. Can the cabinet secretary confirm that the initial 2018 low-emissions target is on track? Can the cabinet secretary also reassure Parliament that the 2020 target just announced will be met as well? What is the budget for the air quality fund? Finally, will LEZs have vehicle recognition software such as in London to detect buses and HGVs that breach the Euro 6 emissions standards? The last point that the member makes is an important one when it comes to consideration of funding. The important thing about LEZs is that when they are brought into being, they are workable, manageable and that we plan in advance for them being able to achieve. Until we know where those LEZs are to take place and what precisely the local authority in respect of that particular LEZ is looking to do in the short, medium and longer term, it is very difficult to put precise answers on the issue of funding. An LEZ in one city might look very different to another and we have talked about a roll-out beyond 2020, beyond the four major cities, so we would be expecting a variety of different plans to be brought forward. The discussions about the first one are active and on-going. We are in active conversation with Edinburgh and Glasgow, Dundee and Aberdeen, and those would be the four cities that we would be looking at by 2020. Beyond that, it will be a matter for a decision to be made about the air quality management areas and whether or not low-emission zones should be rolled out there. It will continue to be an issue where we will have to have consideration as to what precisely in each location is being asked for before we will know the precise figures that will go with that. I wonder what role the Scottish Government sees for green infrastructure in tackling poor air quality. Urban greenery can not only help to reduce the amount of atmospheric pollutants that people are exposed to but also contribute to biodiversity. I recognise that placing an increased emphasis on that would require a shift in planning policy to the extent that it should become must. However, I wonder if the Government sees a place for that in supplementing the measures that are noted in the cabinet secretary's statement. I think that everybody would probably agree that improving air quality in towns and cities offers many important advantages. Public health is our first priority in this area, but the measures can also make our towns and cities more attractive places to live. To be honest, when I was last in this job, we began progress on the central Scotland green network, and it was a very explicit part of the work around the central Scotland green network that it would be, among other things, providing attractive places for businesses and employers to come because they are looking for a range of amenity when they are looking to invest. It is incredibly important that we also remind ourselves that there are other benefits to be had from increasing air quality in Scotland. Reducing the level of pollutants, ensuring that urban cities are greener and more pleasant places to live and reducing the risk of flooding, for example, is part and parcel of all of that. Those are planning issues, and they are all perfectly valid things that planners can take on board. I commend members if they are not aware of the central Scotland green network to make themselves aware of it, because that is a very big example of how important green infrastructure can be in tackling not just air quality but a whole range of things. Research from the British Lung Foundation noted that children growing up in areas of severe air pollution have been shown to be five times more likely to have poor lung development. Will the cabinet secretary commit to working in collaboration with the cabinet secretary for health and sport on this area? What specific action will she take to ensure that the impact of air pollution on the health of Scotland's children is reduced? I have said that health is one of the key drivers for the things that we are looking at when we are looking at air quality, although there are other benefits. I am grateful for the British Heart Foundation's endorsement of what we were doing. I think that there is a recognition that we are trying very hard to ensure that what we produce will be to the best health benefit of all our population, regardless of what age. The member is right to talk about young people—it is not just young people, of course—it is very elderly that can be badly hit by poor air quality and those who have pre-existing conditions. Those are the three groups that are most vulnerable. I think that we would be expecting the local authorities when they are considering LEZs to be looking at when they are thinking about taking them forward, because that has obviously got to be a key part of it. The reference to children can take me on to a discussion about air quality monitoring around schools. I am not sure whether that is where the member wished to go in respect of that, but the current monitoring programme is robust enough to pick up any particular issues in locations around schools. We would expect the schools issue to be part of any consideration that a local authority might make in respect of LEZs. Emma Harper is a bit similar to Donald Cameron's question, but could the cabinet secretary expand on whether concerns such as the emissions of particulates in nitrogen dioxide, which cause irritation of the respiratory system and exacerbation of existing conditions in vulnerable individuals, as well as kids, are part of the reasoning behind the plans to establish more low-emissions zones in Scotland? I think that the member for the question is perfectly legitimate for people to want to emphasise the public health aspects of this. I think that I missed out in my last response that, yes, indeed, I am working with the health portfolio on this. It has been flagged up to them as a very serious issue. I have had conversations with consultants in this particular area and commended them to my colleagues in health as well to ensure that they are well aware of some of the same things that we are conscious of. The member who has just asked a question in respect of particularly those who are suffering from cardiovascular problems already. I ought to say that one of the slight difficulties that we have is that, although there is information about health, the committee on the medical effects of air pollutants, which is the one that came up with that original estimation of three to four months life shortening in Scotland, has warned that the concerns that the statistics have some uncertainties about them are concerned that they should not be used as the basis for public policy interventions, but it is very difficult to ignore the information that we have from them. I think that we can conclude that any measures that improve air quality at a population level would have a positive impact on public health. It feels instinctively the right place to be. What we are not able to do is break down to a regional or local level and capture the impacts of individual measures such as LEZs in respect of public health. That is not something that is available to us yet. Neil Bibby, do you follow by Mark Ruskell? I am pleased that the cabinet secretary recognises that if we want to improve air quality, we need to see modal shift towards buses. The cabinet secretary has been aware since the SNP came to power in 2007 that the number of bus passenger journeys has fallen by 78 million and that almost 70 million vehicle kilometres have been stripped out of the bus network. We are not going to get people to go on buses if there are no buses to get on, and we are also not going to get people to go on buses if fares continue to rise. Does the cabinet secretary accept that the Government should not take decisions that could lead to increased bus fares? Does she also accept that we need to see bus regulation now to provide the public transport system that the public actually needs? As one of the members in the chamber that does use buses, I am understandably of the view that I would want always to have the widest possible availability of both bus routes and, indeed, as along with everybody else, not to be charged too much. Of course, we are currently in a situation in which a lot of the decisions that are being made are being made by bus companies, and it is a very active local conversation going on in many, many places. I am sure that the member has raised the very particular issues with buses with the transport minister. I know that we are concerned not to have LEZs, for example, feed through to what might be seen as a negative impact in terms of buses, and we have committed quite a lot of funding to the various bus companies in order to ensure that they can make the shift that they need to do in terms of moving to more efficient vehicles, and not to have a situation in which the costs are being fed through. There is a lot of progress being made, and although that might not answer the bigger, more ideological question that the member has asked, I am sure that he would expect us to be aware of the potential dangers in all of this and to have them at the forefront of the discussions when we are having those discussions at local authority level. Mark Ruskell, to be followed by Liam McArthur. I welcome the statement today on behalf of the Greens, but, given that, as the statement has just acknowledged, it can take up to four years to roll out an LEZ, perhaps it suggests that the statement is three years too late. However, if I can ask the cabinet secretary specifically about funding for the LEZ work, the UK Government announced in the summer that there would be an additional £200 million to be spent on tackling nitrous oxide at the roadside, and the Scottish Government is only putting £2 million into council work on air quality. Can the cabinet secretary confirm today that every single last penny of the Barnett consequentials that will come from that £200 million will be spent on tackling nitrous oxide in Scotland and, as a result, save lives? I think that the Government does have a good record. I appreciate that Mark Ruskell may have wished this to have all happened maybe not just three years ago, but 10 years ago, 15 years ago. The fact is that we are doing it now. The fact is that we have better air quality than the rest of the United Kingdom. We are actually making big achievements. There has been considerable funding going into issues and areas that will affect air quality, and that will continue to be the case. I indicated that there will now be budget discussions in respect of low emission zones. I am not going to comment on Barnett consequentials. That would be a matter more relevantly put to my colleague the finance secretary, as I am sure Mark Ruskell knows. What we are doing at the moment is considering LEZ funding within the forthcoming spending review. We recognise that it is an additional cost pressure, but it is one that we will be absolutely up to considering. Obviously, it will be influenced by LEZ sizes. As regards the global amounts, I am sure that Derek Mackay would be happy to engage with Mark Ruskell on that. Once again, it is a more strategic issue of funding. I thank the cabinet secretary for her statement and, indeed, much of the content within it, as well as reiterating my call not just for the expansion of the EV network but for the efforts to improve reliability, not least through better and more timely maintenance. What assurance can she provide that progress on LEZs in Scotland's four largest cities will not undermine investment, support and focus on initiatives in other parts of the country, not just our urban but also our rural areas? It is a separate area of funding and a separate area of conversation. I am conscious that there were other announcements. I referred to some of them in the statement in respect of electric vehicles, which is something that will apply right across Scotland and won't simply be confined to those parts of the country with LEZs. Obviously, there are a number of issues around the move towards greater use of electric cars and vans. I am looking for it here that Orkney got a special mention in terms of electric buses. Is that correct? I am glad that the member is endorsing my recollection. That is a very good example of how this is an issue, which really is one for the whole of the country. Electric vehicles are something that we will see in rural areas as well as urban areas, despite people assuming that they are really a matter for cities rather than for the country. We are a little bit tighter for the time that I originally envisaged, but if we are quick, we will get a few more questions in. I am following on from that last question. The cabinet secretary mentioned that there are localised emissions hotspots in some of our towns and cities, some of which are in Falkirk district. We know that the majority of such emissions, which contribute to ill health, come from cars and light vans. In order to understand her reply to Liam McArthur, can the cabinet secretary set out how the Government is encouraging the uptake of electric vehicles, therefore reducing vehicle exhaust emissions, and does she agree that this makes our cities more attractive places to live, work and visit, and that is ultimately good for business and good for our economy? The answer to the final point is yes. I am sure that other members will have noted Friends of the Earth's published list of Scottish air quality monitoring sites back in January 2017, with some dirty top 10. I suppose that that will not be the way that we might describe it, but it was eight in terms of nitrogen dioxide and six in terms of particulate matter, including some surprising ones. For those who assume that this is an urban or a big city problem, it is not. Some of the ones on the list, particularly for particulates, were not big city, as I knew, because one of them was in my constituency, and that would probably come as a surprise to many people. Localised emission hot spots come from a variety of vehicle sources. It is not always the case that the majority of those emissions come from cars and light vans, which is often the first assumption. That is why I make mention of some of the more surprising admissions to the list. There is no doubt that the uptake of electric vehicles and clean modern petrol and diesel will make our cities more attractive places to live, work and visit. I have talked about the PFG and the bold new ambition on ultra-low emission vehicles, including electric cars and vans, and we are going to be supporting this approach with the expansion of the Charge Place Scotland charging network and encouraging the public sector to lead the way on electric vehicles, because that is an important point to make. We can be leaders in this in the public sector. In a sense, it really is about we have to be in a place that says, do as we do, not do as we say. The cabinet secretary says that local authorities will ultimately be responsible for designing their own LEZs. That could potentially lead to a situation in which we have four very separate roles and regulations. Given that it is business that operates many of the vehicles that might be affected by the restrictions, those businesses operate in multiple zones. Does the cabinet secretary recognise the potential confusion that might arise from a multiple regulatory environment? How is she going to find that balance between the positive change in air quality that she will want without any substantial detrimental effect to our cities' economies? I think that the key to the concern that the member has—it is a legitimate concern when we are talking about different design in different parts of the country—is the current consultation, which is on-going, and the development of the national low-emission framework, which will be the framework in which we operate. The development will be supported by the work of the Cleaner Air for Scotland Governments Group, which is the first LEZ. That will then be designed in a manner consistent with the national discussion on the NLEF. We will use the experience of putting in place the first LEZ to inform that national low-emission framework. In a sense, we are already looking forward to how we can ensure that there is a broad framework with which LEZs will be created, but we are still allowing local authorities to make the more individuated decisions that they require to make to deal with their very local circumstances. I apologise to members who did not get in there. We will have to move on to our next debate, which is about cities of culture. I will take a few moments for the cabinet secretaries and others to change seats.


Hello, this video is brought to you by the Aquarian Edition of the Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean. Stick around to the end of the video to learn more. If our soul really is this multi-dimensional entity that has a presence in every dimension or plane of existence, what would fourth, fifth, or sixth dimensional chakras even look like? What correspondences and roles would they have in our subtle bodies? Or even more simply, do we even have super-higher dimensional chakras at all? These systems refer to these higher-scaled chakras as different things, but one of the most simple versions is that they're called the outer chakras. Of course, people like Sadguru have argued that we have 144 chakras composed of major and minor ones throughout the body. However, we should remember that while we can speak in terms of lower and higher chakras, such language is often too easily misunderstood. It is like comparing the foundation of a building to a roof. The roof is not superior to the foundation. The foundation of the building is more basic to the building than the roof, and the quality, lifespan, security, and stability of the building depends, to a large extent, on the foundation rather than the roof. But in terms of language, the roof is higher and the foundation is lower. If we think of chakras one through seven as third-dimensional physical chakras, then conceptually speaking, we can think of chakras eight through fifteen as the fourth-dimensional ones, and sixteen through twenty-two as the fifth-dimensional ones. Our soul probably has even more than that, but according to Thoth, once things get past the sixth dimension, they get so entirely different that no one can conceptualize what's going on exactly and translate it back to 3D, so we can stick to this framework for now. Chakras eight through fifteen pertain to how we can impact our existence in the fourth dimension. That is, space and time, and chakras sixteen through twenty-two are thought to affect how we interact with events and circumstances that may be aspects of source consciousness and perhaps even other realities. In other words, they are the chakras of our higher selves. While there are countless systems, since no one has an agreed-upon convention, it is more important than ever to have your own experience with these chakras and form your own views. Thus, everything we're about to explore here can be seen as one interpretation of our most general understanding. And so, with that, let's get into it. As we touched on previously, thinking of each chakra as a set of octaves arguably means that chakra eight, located above the crown, is the root chakra of the next dimension and our astral body. It is often referred to by many different names, such as the higher heart or seat of the soul, but in shamanic practice, it is called the soul star, which we think is just a fabulous name. Since the fourth dimension is largely temporal, as we begin to work with this chakra, we come to an understanding of the timeless nature of our own soul. In its fullest expression, it encompasses all of our creative imagination, how receptive we are to new experiences and wisdom and our perception of what life is like, as well as being associated with transcendence into the next world and divine wisdom. Color-wise, the soul star chakra is thought to be a kind of turquoise, although it's fair to say that the true colors of these may be outside of the color spectrum that we can easily comprehend at this point. Above that is the ninth, atomic doorway chakra, encompassing a vibrant green similar in color to the heart. This chakra deals with all the skills encapsulated in the crown chakra and overlays that person with all of the acquired skills that they've left behind by their residual karmic experiences. Chakra 10 is known as the solar star, not to be confused with the earlier soul star. This is a cosmic chakra that deals with our karmic baggage and depending on the paradigm is either located above the ninth chakra or below the feet, as the position resets for our new body. The color associated with it is a kind of pearl or white. Chakra's 11 and 12 are said to be found within the hands. 11 is our galactic chakra that connects us to all other forms of life in the cosmos. It corresponds to the solar plexus in the third dimension and has an orange-pink color and deals with memory and past life experiences. Chakra 12 is the earth chakra that deals with detachment to the third dimension and our ability to act as independent observers of our reality and shines a brilliant gold. Chakra 13 is known as the mother or Gaia chakra and connects us to the Christ consciousness grid of the planet. It shines a pink violet and has a very natural feel to it. Supposedly it is located outside of the body about an arms length in front of it. It deals with the unconditional love and joy that our mother can give us if we are open to receiving it. Chakra 14 is the divine sun chakra and vibrates a dark blue. When chakra 14 activates, we can see the connections and understand their synchronicity and truly become aware of the divine plan, similar to the third eye chakra but on a much grander scale. Chakra 15 is the final chakra of the fourth dimension and corresponds to the crown and is the counterpart to our earth mother chakra embodying our divine father. It is at this point that we start to lose connection to our physical sense of being altogether. We become something outside of ourselves, something part of a much larger reality. As such it shines a warm yet powerful white gold color. Coming into the fifth dimension, these are the chakras belonging to our light body, our higher self that emits pure light. Diana Cooper explored these higher chakras in a book called A New Light on Ascension. The 16th chakra root is the base of the system and is related to divine wisdom and flow, shining a bright platinum color. It is the chakra of ascension into the higher realms. Chakra 17 shines a kind of magenta and embodies the truest form of the divine feminine and deals with our complete sense of oneness with the entire universe. In a way, it unites the learning of the chakras in the fourth dimension and brings about an ability to sense everything that ever was and that which is yet to come. Chakra 18 mirrors chakras 11 and 12 from earlier and deals with our interaction with our galactic self. It is what allows us to channel information from the ascended masters back to our reality, crossing all kinds of boundaries. In true enlightened fashion, it shines a brilliant gold color. Chakra 15 is the fifth dimensional heart center and aligns us with the cosmic heart. In this chakra, we become connected to the universal Christ consciousness, far beyond just earth. It is pure white and encompasses a connection and love for all aspects of the entire universe. The 20th chakra is the fifth dimensional throat and therefore shines a royal blue. It is a chakra of co-creation and embodies the phrase I am. This is the chakra that grants us the true knowledge of communication with the divine, coming to an understanding that we ourselves are an aspect of the source and can create that which we speak. Chakra 21 is the fifth dimensional third eye and has a kind of crystal translucent color. Rather than simply perceiving other realities, as you did in the third and fourth dimensions, you become part of the vision and experience yourself becoming a part of every conceivable reality. Finally, the 22nd chakra is the fifth dimensional crown and again has a kind of platinum or crystalline color. This chakra is the point at which we merge with our higher self and become a true transcendent being, an ascended master of our own. There are likely many more chakras as we move through the different dimensions of consciousness, each bringing with them a new and fuller understanding of our true existence and nature. But it is unlikely that we'll be able to access these higher chakras just yet, at least not until we move collectively through the various half steps and mirror walls that we've talked about in this series. So we'll leave it here for now. And please, always remember, your higher self already knows this information. You've simply forgotten with each incarnation. So while it may seem confusing and hard to keep track of right now, I have no doubt that there will come a time when this information makes sense to you. And everyone here at Spirit Science is on a mission to make that happen. Toodles. Step into a world of ancient Atlantean wisdom. The Emerald Tablets are said to be writings from none other than Thoth himself, transcribed in an age long since past. In them, he describes his descent into the underworld to uncover the secrets of immortality, his transformation into a deity, the fall of Atlantis, and the secrets of unlocking the power of the human soul. In the summer of 2019, I traveled to Costa Rica to participate in an ayahuasca ceremony at Rhythmia Life Advancement Center. Each night of ceremony, Thoth was present with me. He revealed many mysterious things in life, including the gift of a new Merkaba, and set me on a path to create spirit mystery. In that week, I also found myself translating and decoding the Emerald Tablets for a loved one who had joined me in ceremony. The experience coupled with inspiration from working with Thoth in ceremony led to the creation of this new edition of the Emerald Tablets of Thoth the Atlantean. This book was originally translated nearly 100 years ago by Dr. Doreal, who was the first to bring these writings forward, claiming to have translated them himself after witnessing the physical tablets first hand. But that since then, they have been kept guarded by a secret brotherhood in Egypt, hidden from the world. In this new Aquarian Age edition of the Emerald Tablets, all of the wisdom and words are intact, but has been lightly shifted into a modern version of English, making it easier to read and absorb for the modern mind. Along with this new translation, this book also contains the original writings in the second half of the book, so that you can enjoy them both freely, enjoy them both freely, unique and perfect on their own. May the Aquarian edition of the Emerald Tablets of Thoth bring you wisdom, love, and truth.


A major rating agency has given the state of Minnesota's creditworthiness a boost. Standard and Poor's on Wednesday upgraded its bond rating of Minnesota from double A plus to triple A matching the grade from Fitch. A triple A rating is the highest each agency gives. The nation's third largest rating from Moody's gives Minnesota its second best rating. Those ratings are critical to state and local governments because they allow organizations to borrow money at lower interest rates. State officials credited recent work to shore up $3.4 billion in unfunded pension liabilities for the improvement.