Oh, yes, it's a victory today.  And I gave up, man, I didn't think it was gonna do it. Time and time again, I'd hear from 2K publishing people or dev people that is not that easy. It's like, it's harder in practice, but it's like, that's an excuse. There's so many ways to hire more people. I mean, there's dev teams that unfortunately go under all the time in this ruthless gaming industry. People go bankrupt. There's no shortage of those. Lionhead Studios, Telltale Games, Visceral Games, Zippra Interactive, you name it. Those guys need jobs. But today's news is one that is joyous and one that should put a smile on the face of 2K fans everywhere. Because NBA 2K on Reddit reported interesting news. 2K has expanded the NBA 2K dev team by acquiring Hook Bank Video Games Division. They'll be rebranding as Visual Concept Austin and support development of future games. They followed up, they will recruit hundreds of developers to support NBA 2K. Hook Bank provided art, design, and engineering support for the last few games, including NBA 2K 21. They specialized in newer tech like assistive augmented reality. You mean to tell me this wasn't possible the whole time? Ladies and gentlemen, this is how it goes. NBA 2K is such a huge monumental success every single year. I mean, they were upping their sales numbers and breaking records. Can you imagine if Stephen Curry got like six career highs, six games in a row? That'd be an incredible run. That's what NBA 2K has been doing in terms of sales. But a lot of the times what would happen is they would take that money and they would buy NBA Playgrounds and call it NBA 2K Playgrounds. They would buy a golf entity and call it 2K Golf PGA, whatever. They would take that money and do other things with it to make more money, which is how business works. But when the actual product that's making the money, NBA 2K, is not seeing many of the benefits that it should be, when I'm hearing over and over again how there's no resources or if somebody's trying to tell me that it's too hard to hire more people, I don't believe it. Because the resources exist. This is not a struggling franchise. There's no shortage of devs. I mean, look at this list here. Visceral Games, one of the all-time dev teams, by the way. EA kind of put them in the shitter.  Telltale Games, I think they recently came back. Lionhead Studios, I mean, they're zipper interactive, THQ. There's no shortage of great dev teams that unfortunately went under in this very, very ruthless, and I was gonna say NBA, overall gaming industry. You can't just pick those guys up. I mean, Google just closed its own stadium development to in-house studio stadium development teams. Yo, there's talented people all around this industry looking for work.  Oh, hey there. I just interrupted my keynote speech at my business conference at the Mercedes-Benz Stadium to let you know this video is sponsored by Current. Current is the future of banking. It's a mobile bank with a Visa debit card. That's why I always got mine in the tub. Anytime I need it, it's there with me. Current is a real bank account with no hidden fees and no minimum balance and free overdraft for up to $100. Every time I swipe my current card, I earn points. I can take those points and redeem them for cash. Current are the only ones doing that. There's over 55,000 free ATMs for you to choose from all around the country, ladies and gentlemen. This is business mogul agent, letting you know current is the choice. It's my choice, my current choice. I don't know what's wrong with me, guys. And I'll be honest, it works with Apple Pay, Google Pay, Cash App and Venmo, so it's convenient, ladies and gentlemen. You wanna be a business mogul like me? Get on top of your game, fellas. Top link in the description or go to current.com slash agent 00. Sign up. It takes nothing about two minutes, ladies and gentlemen. Pause this video right now and sign up. This is business mogul agent. I got a conference to get back to. I'll catch you guys later. And then the most frustrating part about all it is is after sitting here in 2K, not hiring more developers for so many years, you would hear stories like this one titled Scott O'Gallagher leaving NBA 2K series for creative director role at EA Sports.  One of 2K's top gameplay guys leave. And if y'all remember, the last time a top gameplay director had Hancho left was in 2K9 when Mike Wang left to go to EA. And then the second Mike Wang returned, guys, they dropped NBA 2K 10 and 11. So to see them not actively hiring a lot more people to make this potentially fantastic series, the success it can be, and then watching some of their best people get poached was just like, man, what are we doing right now? So let me provide you a little bit of context because there have been changes made in the gaming industry and working from home is gonna make things more challenging when it comes to developing basketball games. Honestly, it's been on my mind that NBA 2K could potentially be delayed just based off of that merit. So EA recently took criteria on, which was most popularly known for making the Need for Speed series lit again. For lack of a better word. I sound like that one GameStop guy that said this. The way he leaps off of rooftops and flips backwards to face the camera before falling into a headfirst dive is just full of the exaggerated swagger of a black teen. So DICE, one of the best dev teams on planet Earth has had the luxury of working on the Battlefield series for a very long time. There's a new Battlefield game coming out this fall and they actually noted that there's been some challenges working from home for that dev team. The solution was to bring on criteria and delay Need for Speed for another year to make sure that this Battlefield game can be all that it can. Criterion is no small dev team. They absolutely killed it with Need for Speed and then EA decided to give Need for Speed to another dev team that put it in the shitter for a few games straight. So any person that plays and loves Battlefield should be ecstatic that a very reputable dev team is helping an already really reputable dev team in creating a lit Battlefield experience. It's making me wanna buy Battlefield and I skipped the last couple games. EA had this to say, Battlefield is shaping up great. The team has been working incredibly hard. They pushed hard last year and yes, we have been working from home. And it's hard. It's hard to make games from home and the EA DICE team is fatigued a bit. He went on to talk about how he wants the game to be as good as it possibly can before it jobs regular things. But that's the side of the industry that we don't get to hear much about. And so I imagine considering 2K dropped the current gen and next gen version of the game between November and whenever the next NBA season starts when they plan on launching the next 2K that doesn't give him much time and even cutting back one to two weeks on when they usually expect to drop the game is a massive change. So to do it by one or two months is even more. I just wasn't incredibly optimistic that the game was gonna release when we usually expect NBA 2K to release. And so that being said, I was a little bit nervous that there were gonna be delays. I don't know the exact reasoning as to why 2K decided to hire more developers but I think we should pay attention to what was said. Hook Bang has partnered with us on NBA 2K for the past couple of years and we're pleased to welcome its talented team to the Visual Concepts family. So this is not like their first time working with the game they've provided some level of support for the past few 2Ks. This is not nothing incredibly new. I'm just assuming now that there's gonna be a higher level of support especially when you read things like this. The studio will operate from a to be announced new location in Austin, Texas metropolitan area and plans to employ hundreds of developers to support as well as the company's expanding publishing business. So they're not all gonna be developers. I guess some of them are gonna be on the publishing side of things.  I don't even have to doubt it, guys. But there's a reason I've been saying this for years. It makes sense. Right now across this channel, you're watching this on my second channel. I'm trying to upload every other day. A&P that uploads every week. Playback uploads every other day. And the podcast that drops two times a week. I am worn out. It's a lot. And so my solution has been to hire more people to do things so that things can move smoothly and there's no bottlenecks in the process of dropping videos. Now I recognize it gets more complicated when it's hundreds of people involved. I know that. And this is the most convenient way to do it. But there's also other ways. I mean, a couple of years ago, NBA 2K bought the IP NBA Playgrounds and they renamed the NBA 2K Playgrounds to Develop by Saber Interactive, which is a pretty reputable dev team in the gaming industry. I don't know if they're actively working on anything since NBA 2K Playgrounds 2 has been out for a minute. Are y'all gonna just took in those people? I know they have an arcade basketball background now, but that might actually be a good thing for what 2K can be. They might actually know how to add and infiltrate some fun into the game that you guys dropped this year. So maybe you just recruit some of those guys to come here.  They can't just keep everything in-house because you can buy and sell their stocks. So there's certain requirements from them because otherwise it might not have made news that they acquired this company or their sales figures look like this this year. We wouldn't have that information because they would have just kept it in-house. 2K said, formally joining visual concepts and 2K allows us to accelerate our impact on the product, the company and Austin's development community. This is like a further push into what you're already seeing. A lot of companies in Silicon Valley or in San Francisco in general or in the surrounding area or in California, if we're being honest, making their way down to Texas where it's cheaper and there's a decent amount of tech geeks there. All just geeking it up, trying to change the world, geeking it up.  Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha. I'm hoping that NBA 2K 22 is what NBA Street Volume 2 was to NBA Street Volume 1. Volume 1 had the core. Like the gameplay was there, but the experience wasn't. 22 needs to be the one where everything gets put together. The game comes out and you know, it's 2K, so I'm not delusional.  Never that. But at least in a playable state. I mean, is the price of goddamn bars so low here? Can the game come out playable this year? We'll see. Current gen launch in 2K 21 was the smoothest launch 2K has had in recent history for me. To see him follow it up with the next gen launch was just a hilarious contrast, highly oxymoronic and very paradoxical ladies and gentlemen. I imagine it's been difficult developing at home. It's probably a lot more boring than it already was because developing already sounds boring. But then to do it at home with no other people around sounds even more boring. And then to do it all the time, like putting in 20 hour days because the game is broken and you need to save it, sounds even more boring. Hey, I got plenty of sympathy for the developers, which is why I kept saying the solution isn't for the devs to work more. They're already putting in 20s. How many all work 20 hours a day? Yo bro, I heard Mike Wang told me he put in an 80 hour week when I was at one of these events. Y'all have never, some of you, 99% of y'all had not put in an 80 hour week in your life. And then to be on left and right from the internet, that has to be tough. So I'm not blaming the devs. They're overwhelmed. Solution was always to hire more developers and I'm gonna close it by just saying thankful that they finally looked in that direction aggressively and they've done that. They've put a smile on my face. Hopefully that means that NBA 2K22 is gonna be as lit as it can be.  Again, it's a huge thank you to Current for helping sponsor this video. Make sure to click the top link and go to current.com slash A-Zero-Zero. Sign up, takes a couple minutes and I'll catch you guys in the next video man. I'm out. Peace.


Everybody, welcome to Psychic Medium, Tony Green. I'm Tony Green. I'm a Psychic Medium. Yes, I do private sessions. Everybody keeps reaching out to me after they see my show and say, do you do private sessions? Yep, I do. So, if you would like a private session, www.tonig.info, Tony G.info. Yeah, I know. It's so old school to say, www, it makes me think of like the wrestling things, right? That's my mind. That's how my mind works. I'm trying to give you my web address and I'm thinking about WWE. Okay, so, I am here every single Monday live at noon. I streamed the show originally I stream the show originally live on YouTube. Once it's streamed on YouTube and blog talk and iHeart and all of them, it goes to WSCS where they air it on all of their streaming channels and their actual TV channel. And then to Rude Rangers TV where they stream it on all of their channels. So, this show is not only on YouTube, it is on television, it is on most podcast stations. So, please be mindful when you're talking to me asking me questions, commenting. And please, if I call out your area code, take your phone off of speakerphone and have a direct question available. Because this is being streamed on so many television stations, please be mindful not to pull somebody else's junk into it. It's okay if you use first names, but if it's very descriptive, please be just be mindful of that. Goodness, my throat. I want to say hello to everybody chatting with me live on YouTube. I love you guys so much and thank everybody waiting in the call log. To get their questions answered, I'm so excited for today's show. I want to remind you that I also have a Wednesday show that is a four relationship. It's a relationship show where I have a co-host that helps answer relationship questions, okay? Mimi, I love you so much. Jenna, leave. Oh, hello, sweetie. Thank you for all the texts that you sent me. The random person whose name is Heather, Steve, and there's a couple more people. Vaughn, I thank you so much for being on YouTube. Now I'm going to start right away with Heather. You had mentioned that this is the anniversary of two of your people, two people that you care about had passed. I believe you said cousins. And the song I hear, and I did put this in the chat on YouTube, but the song I hear is Fly Away With Me. And that might not be the correct title, but I did put that in the chat, but the song goes Fly Away With Me. And that is the only verse they are giving me. But symbolically, symbolically Fly Away With Me means they are together, both of them are together, and both of them have a flown away, meaning ascended. The other thing I get is there's a song, and I'm not getting all the words to this song, Heather, and I apologize for that, but blue birds in the shade of night, or is it blackbird, blackbird sitting in the something of night? Okay, I am so sorry, folks, because I know I cannot sing. No matter how soft or pretty I try to make my voice, it's just I don't have that singing voice. But they are, if they try to sing through me, I try to do that for them. What is it mean unless you're in the black of night? Blue birds sitting in the black. I don't know what that song is. I hope they make sense, but these songs are symbolic of your loved ones on the other side. We're gonna get straight up into it. I'm gonna go to the first color. Do you know what? Today I'm gonna do something a little bit different. I am gonna go to color 310. 310, please, if you have me on speakerphone, take me off of speakerphone, and what's your name? Where are you calling from? I'm called Blackbird from The Beatles. I love it. Thank you so much for it. I know there was a reason I went to you first. Okay, Blackbird.  Maybe that should be my next career. I love that. Yeah, to find out something. And I told you that I was under suspension from this huge brewery owned company to take about three weeks before they make a decision. And today's like five weeks now. I called them last week and I found out that the manager that makes the decision was on vacation last week and the week before he's back this week. So I'm wondering if you see them reaching out to me this week sometime and letting me know if I'm coming back or not. Okay. As you said that they were going to... I do feel like that is still a possibility but I also feel like you should be looking for something else if you can find something else. I always believe that when put in that situation we should always try to keep our options as open as possible. If I were you, I would be looking for something else. I vaguely remember your situation and what I want to say is I feel like right now someone is on the fence. It's almost like one person is saying no but a higher up is saying yes. So even if you do go back there's going to be some complications with this person who is just basically this person has some control and superiority problems and they're going to try to make your life heck so that you will almost to... Okay, if I can't get you out I'm going to force you to quit. So if I were you and again, you have... It's absolutely positively your choice how you handle this. I would be looking for something else at this point because I do feel like there is somebody there who kind of has a thorn in their booty and they're not... It's not only you though. They like micromanage and they want control of everything. So what I would say depending on your ability to deal with somebody like that you have to make the choice that's best for you but if something else does come up I would definitely by all means jump on that. Well, I did have a job interview with a competitor and she said they're looking to bring me in like send me up for another interview and then bring me in. They're looking around March. Excellent. So yeah. I would just say keep looking because I do feel like something else is coming in that's going to be even a stronger more powerful opportunity for you. Okay, love. Okay. Thank you so much and thanks for letting me know what that song is and thanks for calling in. You're welcome. I know there are a lot of people out there that are looking for work right now. And so I wanna do a healing for anybody looking for work that the right opportunity comes to you that the opportunity comes in quickly and that you can start having this opportunity flourish for you. Now I have said in the past that if you don't if you can't find a job, create a job and I'm gonna talk about that after the next caller who is 480480, how are you today? Thanks for that healing. This is Mike. Hey, Mike, how are you? Restaurant that just opened and I'm obviously unoverqualified and I'm looking for the right opportunity and I kind of feel maybe a connection through this restaurant, something like that. Yeah, you know, sometimes once we're in one position it opens it up for another position. I always say if you're offered any position no matter what the position is and you're not working, take that position because once you have a position and you have that energy of I'm working, I'm secure at least I have something other things can then start to come to you. So what I'm gonna say, there is an opportunity opening up to you next week and then again next month. I feel like you're gonna have, they're saying three or four opportunities depending on how many things you put out there. Now I do wanna say you are going to switch twice. So that would be three. You might get four opportunities but utilize three of them. You're going to switch twice. Well, does that include the one he's in right now? No, two more switches. So you're gonna switch one more time and then there will be one more after that. And I feel like shortly either by the new year and I know we're so close to the new year who would switch three, two times by the new year but you never know one of them might be an offer that you say yes to and never go to because a better offer comes in once you say yes to the next offer but it's still a switch in some way. But I feel like by the new year within a month to a month and a half you're going to be in the position that you want. Now the position you're thinking of it's a good position. Don't hold out that that's the final position. I feel like there's something better than that coming in. Even a little, I'm hearing a little higher end than that or a higher position with a different place than you're thinking of. So you might get this position you're thinking of with the place you're thinking of but then something else might come in right on the heels of that you're like, oh my gosh I didn't even think of this, this is so much better. So please keep all your options open and don't be afraid to kind of flip positions is what they're saying. It's like that song Thank You Next, Thank You Next where you're kind of leveling up with every position that comes through. I hope that makes sense to you. Yeah, no, absolutely. And you know, it's kind of like dating when you go through a drought and you haven't been dating and all of a sudden you start dating someone and then everybody comes out of the woodwork. It is, it's exactly like that. It is exactly like that. So let's...  Exactly, well they were either in a non-dating they were either in a non-dating or a bad situation and they finally cleared that up too. Once you get that energy out there and you feel good about it I think everything just starts coming in. So I'm gonna say let's open up the best possible let's do a healing a clearing on. Let's open up the best possible path for the best possible job and or career for everybody. Okay, thank you so much for calling in please keep me posted on these changes or jobs that are coming in for you, these new ones because I would love to hear back about them, okay? You are so welcome. I am gonna go to the next caller right after this. So I wanna say, you know, in my last show I said, you know, if there's and I've said this so many times to people if there is not, if there's not a job create one if you live in an area where there is no job for you maybe there are jobs there's just not any you just haven't found what makes you happy go to an area where you will do not be afraid do not keep yourself stuck in things. Now, when I say if there's not a job create one this can mean a couple of different things and the first thing that this can mean is that you literally start your own business and in starting your own business eventually you help to employ other people and it can be doing what you're doing you can take your position and become an independent contractor and contract yourself out to companies rather than being employed by companies. There's there are so many benefits to being an independent contractor over an employee employers have a lot more restrictions that they can put up on you where if you're contracted with a company there are less restrictions they can put on you. Now you might ask well how do you create your position to be an independent contractor or put it out there that you're creating this position get online and where people post for jobs post yourself post what you do somebody will see it somebody will if you're putting that out there somebody's gonna see it somebody's gonna bring you in somebody will either hire you or contract you and who knows you might have two companies that actually contract you that you can work for both of them at the same time from your home you never know when you flip the script yeah flip the script when you change the way you do things how things can change in beautiful miraculous ways for you okay so I'm gonna go to the next a collar and the next collar is done done done 262 hey 262 what's your name where you're calling from hi Tony my name is Steve and I'm calling hey Steve how are you you are like literally my neighbor you're so close to me so how are you today oh my gosh thank you so much thank you so how can I help you what's your question for me today optimize my chances for being at the right place at the right time in order to meet a potential girlfriend significant other et cetera okay I love that yes okay so the first thing is this is gonna sound weird I'm sure you get out but get out more but get out more with intention in those places and don't be afraid to travel she's saying don't be afraid to travel so right and not only for you know because you have to but because you want to go with intention and be in the right place and be in those be in those spaces you know I'm gonna I'm gonna share a story with you and and everybody listening a friend of mine a really really good friend of mine love her she was getting her oil changed this past weekend and it she went in for one reason which it ended up not being the reason she didn't need to get that fixed on her vehicle but it took a really long time for the oil change at the dealership in the meantime a guy comes in who just relocated from another state and they start talking and they're going on a date so two points to this story you never know where you're going to meet someone and number two lift your face from your phone folks lift your face from your phone don't be where we're no matter where we are we're sitting in our phone on our computer we're not making icon make I if you are single if you are looking make eye contact with people get get do that so on that note you're going to be pleasantly surprised in I hear two different timeframes in a week and a month this means that in the week in a week you have a potential to meet someone who might be a very good partner for you or might be somebody that you date a couple of times but in a month is somebody else coming in same person yep you might meet somebody in a week you have the potential to meet somebody in a week if you don't need them in a week you will meet them in a month but this has the potential to take off and be a really really just a really good connection for the two of you okay excellent and hey Steve just in case you're not on my email list I want to let you know this upcoming weekend on the 13th I'm having a holiday get together from three to six at my office so if you can make it I'd love to see you there with everybody else so it's going to be I don't know what it's going to be but it'll be so there's there's that it'll be fun it'll be fun oh I don't want to oversell it I don't know I don't know I don't I don't appreciate you taking my call absolutely I look forward to talking with you again I hope you have an absolutely amazing rest of the day thank you again so you're welcome bye bye okay for those looking for a partner that have not found their partner yet I'm going to do a healing anything stopping or blocking us from meeting the right person let's clear that now anything stopping or blocking us from having a healthy who loving relationship let's clear that now so just in case I don't get to this person there's somebody listening and or watching hey Patrick hey hey just in case I don't get to this person there is somebody coming in that's telling me somebody is thinking about starting their own business they're really thinking about starting their own business with this new year and I'm hearing you should go for it this is for somebody who might be watching now or later on YouTube or one of the channels are the streamings that I'm on or a podcast and maybe you didn't get the chance to call him somebody is okay thinking of starting their own business you should go for it and then I'm hearing something with graphics now I don't know if these are the same people or two different people but the person with graphics and I I'm just going to say the word graphics because I'm not really familiar enough with that to start to go into detail about it but the person with graphics you are thinking maybe there's an expansion you want to do and you're supposed to do that either expanding to other companies or expanding on your own okay so those I think I handled that appropriately let's hope so I'm going to go to eight five six eight five six how are you today actually I want to start a business and partner I want to do so I was just was I just like was I literally talking about you before I click thank you okay so what's what's your name love Rose Maria how can I help you what's your question today I guess the relationship okay okay I'm sorry I don't I did I did you say Italian Italian what was the last thing directly from there what was the last thing you said no we're born born and raised okay so I do where do you live love I just came back from your okay on the east coast the east coast is full of Italian boys by the way as far as the last time I heard they were not all of them straight off the boat they might be second or third generation what I'm hearing for you is be open to what comes in there are international dating sites that you can use for if you want somebody that is an Italian native Italy native is what I'm hearing if you want that there are international dating sites just make sure that you're being logical in that sort of connection I do feel like there is the potential for you to meet a more serious long term connection in about gosh I'm hearing two different things in about boy a lot is happening for people in a month and a half I'm just saying everything I'm hearing is happening in a month and a half but we're going to see what happens I feel like this is going to come in in about a month and a half and love there's some background noise so I'm just unfortunately I have to mute you just not have that background noise because you know this does air but I'm going to finish answering I'm going to finish answering your question and or giving you the rest of this and that is that you you know here's what I'm going to say you're you're going to have the potential to meet somebody in a month and a half between a month and a half and three months and this is going to be somebody that has the potential to be a more substantial relationship somebody who who can do the longer term relationship if you literally are looking for someone from Italy that first generation off the boat plane whatever you want to call it Italian I feel like that can happen in about the six month mark if that is what you want I would say where are you going to meet this person hmm this person might actually be in Florida that person might actually be in Florida they it's possible that the person that you're going to meet that's from your your native your home country could be in Florida or you meet them in Florida and that has the potential to happen in approximately six months so that's what I have for you and I want to thank everybody who called in I'm sorry for those of you I did not get to I will be I'm here every single Monday


Last of the formula we have in case of write down when there is a phase change this is important daily question ask you guys in case of phase change write down first delta S of fusion fusion means what delta S of fusion is equals to the enthalpy change for this process delta H of fusion divided by the temperature at which the melting is taking place which is the melting point right. So, fusion is melting. Basically, we write down here the energy change divided by the temperature at which the phase is taking place right of vaporization what we'll write delta H of vaporization divided by the temperature this temperature is what should be the boiling point this is what melting point delta S of sublimation Yeah, so that is equilibrium and equilibrium will be 0 and that's why we get this formula right equilibrium phase 3 energy is always 0 ok sublimation this by T right on this question of liquid water is 75.6 joule per mole Kelvin while the enthalpy of fusion of ice is 6 kilo joule per mole. What is the smallest number of ice cubes? What is the smallest number of ice cubes at 0 degrees Celsius? What happened? Each containing 9 gram of water needed to cool 500 gram of liquid water from 20 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius. Ice cubes at 0 degrees Celsius each containing 9 gram of water needed to cool 500 gram of liquid water from 20 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius. Have you done this question? No, this one, this one. So yes sir, it's a scientific process. Have you done this question? Yes sir. You need to find out work done in this process. I don't think we have the negative 40. What is the work done in this? Work done in this process will be work done from A to B plus work done in B to C. This is the work done here. You say this BC and AD is isocoding, right? B to C and D to A is isocoding. So work done will be 0. That volume is constant. What? A to B, what is the process? It is isobaric. It is also isobaric, right? Concentrate pressure is 10 and 2 respectively. So here pressure is minus 10 external pressure into Jn volume is what? 9 minus 3 plus here it will be minus 2 into 3 minus 9. Minus 60 plus 12, that will be minus 40 here. Unit is what? Unit is 80 of liters. And when you multiply this by, it will be Jn, right? This is one way to solve this question. Another way is what? In PV axis, PV graph, area under the curve is nothing but the work done, right? So what is the area of this rectangle? Length into breadth, right? This is 8 and this is 6. That is 48. Directly if you find out area, you will get the work done, the magnitude of the work done. Now you see the process is cyclic, it is anticlockwise, sorry clockwise. It is clockwise. So clockwise is always work done by the system, right? So clockwise is work done by the system. The magnitude is this, since it is by the system, so we have to introduce one negative sign here. 48, 8th liter again the unit is. So suppose we do the same but anticlockwise. Yes, yes, yes. This will be positive, this will be negative. See actually this is the theory, how do we get, we are getting negative, that's why I solve this. Negative sign or the by the system. So what we can, the theory is what? If it is clockwise, then by the system. That's how we do it. First question, what is the answer? 40, 49. 1, 4. Okay, how do we solve this question? Options are 1, 7, 14 and none of these. Okay, how many of you have solved this, the first one? 1, 2, 3. Sir, how do we solve this? Sir, I want to solve it. Sir, you want to solve it. Sir, you want to solve it. You'll write properly. Oh, I won't write it. I need the value. You need to explain. What value do you need? I can't remember. I'll give you the question. The specific heat is off. Question number 80. Question number 80. 75 points. I'll take attendance by then. Who is present? I don't know what you're trying to write. I don't know what you're trying to write. Cherry, let me write. I will write. Don't put this on the board. Yeah, that's all. I think he's present. I think he's present. No, I think she's present. Anush is present. Anush, Shadraniya, Drog, Harris, here, Ishan. Ishan Harris is present. Last day, I was getting an upset. Varun, Varun, 42 kilos you like it. 42 kilos. Actually, it is a little bit of a dance. Yeah. Because, you know, the scale of the picture is glib-like. How bad does it look? It is just like a gardener. Did you understand this? Kyaalikha, I did not know. I don't know what it is. It is basically it is MS-1030. This formula, you know, MS for N is 1030. N is the number of moles 500 by 18. S value is given. 1030 is 20. You'll get this. 42 kilojoules per inch. Okay. One more question you write down first. This question. Write down 10 moles of an ideal gas. 10 moles of an ideal gas. 10 moles of an ideal gas. Confined to a volume of 10 liter. Confined to a volume of 10 liter. Is released into atmosphere at 300 Kelvin. Is released into atmosphere at 300 Kelvin. Where the pressure is 1 bar. Find out the work done by the gas. So what was the temperature? 300 Kelvin. 10 moles, 10 liter, 300 Kelvin, 1 bar pressure. It is not. The line is released into atmosphere where the pressure is 1 bar. What is the next chapter we have to start? No. No, no, next class. So we have to do all those different types of things and help. Yes, that is the next class. This is the next class. This is the next class. That is what I do. Minus 240 liter atm. 240 we do not have. Minus 49, 59, 39, 20. V1 is given. V2 you find out. And then we get the V. V1 is 10 liter. V2 we need to find out. And for that number of moles, pressure, temperature, everything is given. We have to find out. 240, is it? No. 240. So 240. So it is 3,012. 250. It will be 20. That is the circle. Yeah, it is 1 bar. The pressure is 0.5. It is exactly 1 bar. It will be 10 to 5. It is not exactly. It is in 1 bar. Yeah, 1 bar. It is 1 bar. It is 10 to 5. So all moles are 1 bar. No, 0.0. 1 is 5 bar. It is correct. It is 100 liter. It is 0.08 liter. It is 1 liter bar, right? Yeah. It is fine. So it is 240. Yes. So, vector is minus p delta v. What is the pressure given? 1. So minus 1 delta v is... What is liter? R liter at most. R liter at most. Okay. It is at most. So what is R liter at most? It is the same. The bar is at most in 0.3 liter. The bar is... at most we will be able to do it. The bar is... At most we will be able to... The bar is 0.1 liter. 0.4 liter. So, sir, let's take the R as 1.5 liter. That also... We have to find the... We can write it as 1.4 liter. So we have to find the... 1.5 liter is 0.3 liter, right? This is also we are not getting. But when you take this value, as a one more digit because it is. Then you will get 240, now you are getting 0.083 according to the option you are getting 239 which is given in the. 240 you are getting. 240 is all close to running. Options are 249 to 9229. Okay, so one last thing right down. Sir, how is pressure one sir? One bar it is given. Sir, pressure one. One bar it is given. Sir, pressure one. Yes, so formula is P excellent right. Excellent pressure. Excellent pressure one. One right down one last thing. Statement of second law of thermodynamics. Statement of? Second law of thermodynamics. Closest statement. Write down it is impossible to construct a machine. It is impossible to construct a machine with 100% efficiency. It is impossible to construct a machine with 100% efficiency. Or next you can write down or write down anything and then next you can write down. It is impossible to convert heat into work without any compensation. It is impossible to convert heat into work without any compensation. Complete conversion basically is not possible. Another one you write down in terms of improperly. This is important. It also states that. Sir, but that is what you said. Sir, an isothermic delta u is 0 and h is equal to minus 0. So that is then. Isn't that contradictory to this? What? Delta u is 0. So when we said w is equal to minus q. Correct? That is conservation of energy. No sir. The second law puts limitations on the first law. That is what. That is conservation of energy. And then we have second law which says that. Complete conversion of heat into work is not possible. So we have some drawbacks in the first law. We have some drawbacks in the second law. Second law basically tells us the first law is wrong. Yeah. Second law is that is what you said. What is the measurement of the first law? Write down next into this. It also states that the entropy of the universe increases in a spontaneous process. It also states that the entropy of the universe increases in a spontaneous process and remains unchanged at equilibrium. So delta s of the universe or delta s total. Universe means delta s total. It is equals to delta s of the system plus delta s of surroundings. So what is surrounding the universe? Surrounding. See system plus surrounding gives you universe. And delta s universe total entropy. This will be greater than 0 for this spontaneous process. And delta. See universe and total same thing. Delta s of universe will be 0. This condition is at equilibrium. So next class we will see the significance of Gibbs free energy. We will finish this chapter thermodynamics. And then we will start thermochemistry. Thermochemistry involves only definitions. Enthalpy of formation, combustion and all. But that is important now. We will do that in thermochemistry. Okay. Thank you.


Oké, we hebben twee ondernemers in de panel. Rita Sjidovski, assistente professor van de Wilschafs University in Vienna en Peter Coles, judge at the Supreme Court in The Hague. Rita, raise first, would you like to comment? Invitation also to be part of this distinguished panel and be able to reflect on these very challenging thoughts. I will try to make an overview of what we learned from Raymond and Eric's presentation and also including Daniels presentation about the status of anti-use rules under the stated, EU-stated rules and the sovereignty of the member states is to introduce or not to introduce anti-use rules and adding some of my personal comments on this summary. I think what we learned is basically we can distinguish two situations where the issue of state is can arise and that's the lack of anti-use rules in a domestic system either a general, a gar or the lack of specific anti-use rules and the other situation is the selective application of existing anti-use rules. As regards the first question, the lack of a gar or lack of certain specific anti-use rules in a domestic system I recall the case of Tri-Emitaria where the Court of Justice had that there is no general EU law principle according to which the member states would be obliged to prevent the abuse of their domestic law or the circumvention of their domestic taxes. Now if you think about that, there is no such general principle under EU law is it completely reconcilable with the commission's reasoning in the tax rulings investigation cases because what the commission argues is that there is a principle of equality embedded in the EU-stated rules which basically requires that the member states do not treat group companies more favorably than standard companies. So this inherent embedded principle of equality what is basically inferred to oblige the member states to have the Amsterdam principle and to apply the Amsterdam principle. If that's the case, then could not we say that the same principle also requires a member state that it does not treat tax avoiders or tax cheaters in the same way as honest taxpayers. That is something also following for me at least from the principle of equality. So if the principle of equality requires the application of an Amsterdam principle under domestic law even if it's not specifically laid down in that domestic law could we say that the same principle from which you can derive the principle of prevention of abuse also requires a member state to put in place anti-abuse in either regard or a certain specific anti-abuse rule. I come to the second situation the selective application of an existing domestic anti-abuse rule where I would say I think Daniel also mentioned that here you can also have two situations when the selectivity comes from the domestic legislation itself so there is an anti-abuse rule under domestic law for example the UKCFC rule but it's drafted in a way or provided in a way under domestic law which imporves some differential treatment for certain taxpayers and that would be the case with the UKCFC rules for group financing income you do not apply the CFC rules in the same way as other income. And the other situation is when the tax authorities apply an otherwise equal or neutral anti-abuse rule in a selective way and that would be the case of the tax ruling investigations or even if there is no written proof of that selective application you would say that a certain tax assessment is not in line with the general rules and deviates from the general normal interpretation of the general law and that's why it's selective and I think in this group of cases what we are facing with the most essential question that we are facing with is the choice of the reference system as we heard and this is the crux of the matter in most of the cases how to choose the right reference system this is what we saw in the case of Haidkamp so the German law scary forward case and we saw the solution by the commission we saw the solution by the general court and now by the advocate general this was also this very very difficult conceptual question how to choose the reference system was also read by Mr. Leventhal en what I get from his presentation that probably in his view the solution would be not to have this step in the selectivity analysis at all the derogation test the so-called derogation test where you have to identify the reference system but just to do a pure discrimination test and then I think it could be a way out only superficially because I think unfortunately the discrimination test involves the same conceptual difficulty and that would mean the selection of comparables I think that is actually the same problem as the identification of the reference system under a discrimination test we still have to decide what to compare with what so you have to choose what is the general system that you compare with the derogation so I think that the bad news is that we cannot really escape from this very difficult conceptual question under any type of analysis and what Mr. Leventhal also said and Eric also criticised that in his view you have to take the lowest level of generality and that's the reference system to which you decide that there is derogation however in the text ruling the investigation cases the reference system is always the general corporate income tax system which is the highest or the most general reference system possible so I think there is some kind of discrepancy in this reasoning now the other change is the picture because now we have EU secondary law which obliges the member states to introduce certain anti-abuse laws if they do not do so as Raymond says the commission actually can initiate an inflection procedure so I think that brings higher uncertainty in the system so we do not have to rely anymore we do not have to question anymore whether on the basis of some very general and vague principles like the principle of equality or on the basis of the stated rules the member states would be somehow obliged to have this or that anti-abuse rule now we have secondary law in this what are the compulsory anti-abuse rules which have to be introduced to a certain tax system we had in sense of it is still not the ideal picture because we can also question whether the ACA itself contains some differentiations some distinctions which could be questionable under the stated rules and we saw that on some of the slides like the exceptions to the interest limitation rule exceptions to the CFC rule whether these distinctions which are provided in the directive itself in EU secondary law can be challenged under the stated rules well as Raymond mentioned under the stated rules probably not because the stated is granted by the member states and this is a directive which is an EU instrument so that cannot be stated however we can still ask the question and now we are coming back again my favorite principle principle of equality whether that could be something on the basis of which these distinctions differentiations within the ACA could be challenged


Great. This is fantastic to be here. Good to be on stage again in ONS. I think a fabulous conference both here in Europe as well as in US. And now we also extended with Edge for the next year. That's looking fantastic. So yes, as you said, RP, that would talk about open source, cloud native, Edge and orchestration, and why that's essential for 5G. And I will start with a slide that talks about 5G, actually. And I think we all see now 5G being deployed. It's being deployed in US. It's being deployed in Europe. It's being deployed in Asia. And we see on this slide here at the bottom Enhanced Mobile Broadband as the first use case, as the first set of use cases that 5G brings. And I think you have all seen on YouTube the scales of the happy 5G users where you go beyond one gig and the scales just take, there is an end to the scale. I think that is, of course, what will be the first thing that 5G brings to the consumers, to the community, to the industry. But I think we all understand that 5G is so much more. It's actually not just one another gig. It's actually taking it into being fundamental for the industry, being fundamental for the society even. And we see that in the use cases that we have to the left and the right on the top. We have the massive machine type of communication use cases which builds on sensors and it will help digitize and revolutionize and disrupt a lot of different industries like logistics, smart agriculture, smart metering, et cetera. But we also see critical machine type communication coming into the next level of use cases, which also will help digitalization and disruption and evolution and innovation in a lot of different industries. And this is why the combination of the hands mobile broadband to really bring you the speeds and the feeds together with the massive MTC, together with the critical MTC, those use cases, that's why 5G is so important and such a different event compared to previous Gs. But I'm here not so much to talk about 5G because it's not a 5G conference. I'm here to talk about what kind of technologies you need to really be able to develop, deliver and deploy 5G. And I will start talking about Cloud Native. This is a slide that we also used in our tutorial earlier today. Talks about why Ericsson sees Cloud Native as a key part in bringing 5G to live. And when we say Cloud Native, we mean, of course, running in containers. We, of course, means the software being structured according to a microservices architecture paradigm. And we, of course, means the possibility to scale these individual microservices independently, lifecycle manage them independently. And we do that because we need the speed. We need the speed to have the fast and low-cost introduction of new services. All these different use cases, you cannot roll them out take 12 months. You need to be much faster. We, of course, need the scale. We need the possibility to scale from low-cost deployments and small deployments up to serving hundreds of millions of sensors, hundreds of millions of consumers of industries. Efficient operations. With all of these use cases, and I will talk more about the orchestration and management parts of that a little bit later here. With all of these use cases, it's not possible to manually handle those. You need the automation. You need the orchestration. You need to be able to lifecycle manage built on microservices technologies independently, scale out, scale in, et cetera. So that's why we also need Cloud Native to really succeed with 5G. And we need the performance and the capacity, of course. We need to go all the way with containers on bare metal to get the maximum capacity out of the hardware. We also need to be able to scale the different parts of the applications so that the user plane can scale out while we keep the control plane small for certain types of use cases. All of this needs Cloud Native. And then, of course, we need to be quicker as a vendor. We need to have the right technology, the right software development paradigm to really do software development in a fast-moving, independent, and with empowered teams. So this is why we do Cloud Native. And we do Cloud Native for all of our applications going forward. We're starting with our 5G dual-mode Cloud Core that's being deployed. And we go on and cover basically all of our applications and our workloads from network functions to OSS to BSS going into Cloud Native. So I've talked about the applications. And I'm going to continue to talk more about the orchestration and the edge coming back to. I will also actually run a demo here at the end. So it will not just be me talking about. It will really show what we do from an orchestration perspective to support Cloud Native and 5G. But this is one example of what we also get with the Cloud Native paradigm. We'll be able to delegate downwards functionality to the Cloud Platform to really be Cloud Native. You need to delegate functionality for the lifecycle management of the infrastructure, for the lifecycle management of the workloads. Delegate that to Kubernetes while you keep the policy and the control in the VNFM and the service orchestrator. So going Cloud Native is not just about the applications. It's equally much about the platform as well as about the orchestration and management of those different parts of the stack. And without that, you will not be able to do Cloud Native. You will not be able to do the speeds, the scale, the efficient operations that Cloud Native promises if you don't think about the complete stack. And this is one example of what you can do with Cloud Native platforms. So then coming to Edge, think 5G is all about ultra low latency, ultra high reliability, supporting these different use cases. And that's not possible. I think you had an excellent slide earlier, Arpit, about the Edge. And we are replicating that here and saying that it's not possible to deliver all of these use cases without a distributed Cloud. And Edge is not just about putting a small form factor hardware with an operating system and a Cloud platform at a certain base station or central office. It's actually much more about being able to distribute and orchestrate applications across that complete continuum from the central to the Edge all the way into the enterprises. As well as being able to orchestrate the total distributed infrastructure, so handling transport and connectivity, physical infrastructures, VMs, and containers, as well as that you from a service orchestrator and network management or BNF manager perspective look at resource orchestration, data center network automation, et cetera. So to enable to really deliver on the Edge, you need to think about the complete thing. You need to think about how to distribute the Edge and the different data centers, how to distribute the workloads, whether those are user playing functions for the packet core as shown here to the left on the Edge, or whether it's third party applications that are being deployed together with the user playing functions to really deliver on the use cases. All of this you need to be able to handle then on the Edge to really be to succeed with use cases. Then another thing that we also talked a lot about, and that is super important from a cloud native perspective, from a 5G perspective, is well network slicing. And it comes back again and talking about the same thing, that cloud native is so much more than just a cloud native platform. In order to be able to deliver on 5G, in order to utilize and enable all the promises that both 5G brings and cloud native brings, you need the possibility to scale. You need the possibility to distribute. And you need to do that. You can see here we have exemplified with three different slices. And it's important from an efficiency perspective that you're able to, as an operator, deliver these use cases on top of the same telecom platform that you have established. So you cannot have different networks. You need to be able to spin up and control lifecycle management, SLA-wise, et cetera, all of these network slices independently of each other, quick and automated. And therefore, it's also important to see that you can see. We see the different examples here with the enterprise local connectivity. Those SLAs are probably about distributing the workloads, the applications, all the way maybe even into the enterprise, close to it, while you keep some of the control nodes in the central office or aggregation site. If you look at the public transportation slice here, you will see that this is really optimizing for costs. So you bring basically everything back to the central cloud just to run it as cost-efficiently as possible. Because the bandwidth is low, the request for low latency is not there. While for the mobile broadband slice, you go somewhere in the middle. You place the user plane function centrally in the central office, so halfway to enable the high capacity while you spend the control plane centrally to maximize the cost efficiency. And you need that orchestrate that from a cloud perspective, connectivity perspective, as well as from an end-to-end service perspective across this complete distributed cloud. So then I'm coming into a slide, which I think is maybe my favorite slide this young chair of the industry. I think we spent the last 12, 18 months talking about cloud-native and cloud-native applications. We spent a lot of time talking about microservices containers. But we also see that there is a little bit of a gap between the technology side of the industry and the operations side of the industry. And we will not succeed with cloud-native and the promises of cloud-native. Quick updates, canary testing of a new delivery, et cetera. All of these things, you will not succeed if you don't look at the complete technology stack. So you need to start at the infrastructure, need to deploy your Kubernetes infrastructure cloud platform there, need, of course, the cloud-native applications, because otherwise you will not see that. But you also need to look at the orchestration and automation all the way down and make sure that you realize and control the container orchestration environment because if you hide that, you will not be able to get all the benefits. But that's not enough. You can just not just deploy the technology stack. You actually need to extend that as well into the operations and way of working side. And there, I think, there is a little bit of a gap in the industry today. So we have exemplified it here with a continuous integration delivery and deployment chain that Ericsson is putting together today that we are testing with some operators with a fantastic outcome, actually. We are shortening software delivery into operations network, operation networks from weeks to days with this. And we need to do more there. We need to do more together with industry as well. But this is really an important part. So really to take a look at this whole segment from the technology stack to the operation side and do that as a joint effort, I think that is a call for action from me in this presentation. And then coming back, finally, to why we are here and why it's so important that we are here. Because I definitely agree, Arbit, that open source, it's really an enabler for 5G cloud-native applications and infrastructure. And Ericsson definitely realized that. Of course, we also see standardization as an important part. And I think I could almost have done the speech that he said that standardization and open source both needs to happen and both needs to be there. Because otherwise, we will not succeed together. And you cannot do the, you need both to really succeed in the networking industry. But if you look at the open source situation, then Ericsson is, of course, a long-term member of LF Networking, Engaging LFX, LF Edge, Cloud Native Compute Foundation, Deep Learning. And we're also adding now O-RAN and stepping into O-RAN to take a good lead there together with the industry, working both in the specification as well as in the open source side. And with that, I leave my part. And so I talked about orchestration and the need for that. And I think we need to enable not just talk, but show that Ericsson is doing way more. So therefore, I invite Kiran Johnston, our chief architect for the OSS portfolio on stage here. Please, Kiran, come on board. And he will do a demo of network slides and automatic workload placement. Thank you very much. Thanks, Anders. Hi, everybody. So we've seen a lot of information today about the complexity and the flexibility and the dynamism of the networks that we're building for now and going into the future. And what this complexity brings is a need for more intelligent management capabilities. So what I wanted to do was just to run through a quick demo of how we're working towards coming up with more enhanced puristic algorithm-based placement calculations in order to enable operators to manage their networks based more on the business need rather than on managing the specifics of the infrastructure into which they're deploying. When an operator wants to manage a service, they want to look at things like the regulatory requirements, the geolocation, the cost of running that service, what latency and throughput they'll have, and any existing node that might be in their network. So in this demo, I'm going to talk about the architecture on the left-hand side here. You can see we have a service orchestrator, resource orchestrator, a service design component, and then an inventory and topology component. And what we've done is we've created a microservice-based placement recommender using a heuristic ranking algorithm in order to make very quick, very fast decisions in terms of where certain resources will be deployed in the network in order to optimize the service quality. So from that, maybe we can run the demo. OK, so here you can see we have a number of logical resources in our network. And whenever you start to look at the geographical position, you can see it's quite important to understand what we're placing and where we're placing it in order to get the best quality of service. We have centralized data centers, the knock one in the middle, some regional data centers, and then some edge clouds. The first thing we're going to do is we're going to instantiate a service which has basic quality of service requirements. And it needs to put some stuff centrally and then push some stuff out towards the edge. And here on the right-hand side, you can see that we have a YAML-based descriptor which focuses mainly on those parameters, the quality of service parameters in terms of bandwidth and latency that the operator wishes to get from this service. When we go into instantiating the service, we click on our service design deployment, which will trigger the placement algorithm. And when we do so, down at the second from the bottom, you'll see we define an anchor point. And the anchor point is important because that's the point in the network in your infrastructure where you want that quality of service to be made available to your customer. And this is the only infrastructure-related input that the operator will need to provide. When you click on the Execute button, the service designer will then go off and figure out what are the resources that are best selected in order to make this quality of service characteristics to be met. And you can see where those resources then are going to be placed within the network. And if we look at that from a geographical perspective, you can see that we've run some stuff in the central data center in the middle of the country and some other stuff out there on the east coast close to the end user. So now we're going to go and talk about another couple of services that we're going to instantiate. And here we need better quality of service. So we're going to distribute some stuff down towards a regional site. But we can also share these resources between multiple services in order to get the best utilization out of them. And you can see here the layout of those services in terms of the logical overlay. And then we'll jump into the map view in order to see how those services are being laid out in terms of the geographic location in order to optimize the throughput and characteristics requirements. And lastly, we'll join together the east and west coast. And here again, the algorithm will use two anchor points to define the connectivity that's required between the two sites. And it will join together those data centers on the west coast or the data center on the east coast. And I think that wraps it up. So it seems like I'm reiterating a point that's been made several times already. We've built all this largely on top of lots of open source software and with open collaboration amongst communities enabling us to provide these value add capabilities. But of course, we need industrialized standards in order to bring these things into production and make them run in your networks in an efficient and robust way. This brings us to the platform for innovation that we need in order to enable what we're calling the next generation of advanced automation use cases. Thank you very much. Back to you. Thank you, Kiran. Fantastic. Hands up for. So that concludes the keynote. The message is, basically, you need cloud native. You need cloud native platforms, applications, orchestration, and actually a holistic way and view across the technology stack and the operations to deliver 5G and to deliver cloud native characteristics and to enable 5G. And we see open source and standardization as important tools to deliver cloud native implementations. So we welcome working together, collaborating on this. Thank you very much.


People at a time. Identify a target. Get back to the video. Parris going for security around the county.