Trying to condense Hinduism into a single video is both impossible and potentially insulting. Hinduism, the term Hinduism, was not even invented until centuries after the practices that worship the beliefs originated. Centuries between the beginnings of Hinduism and the invention of the term Hinduism. Hinduism has a variety of beliefs. There's no unified structure. There's no unified system that all and only people believe if they are Hindu. It doesn't work that way. So, you know, to kind of account for this, you need to keep in mind two things, at least two things. The first is I am not an expert in Hinduism. I have done some readings on Hinduism and I'm trying to convey what I've found in those readings, but I am myself and not an expert. So, I'm probably going to get some things, you know, I'm not going to be able to explain some things as well as an expert would, or as somebody who is a Hindu would. If you are an expert and you are watching this, I am open to polite correction. That's just fine. I'm sure this is not the last version of this video and I will try to incorporate whatever corrections are offered in later editions. The second thing to keep in mind is that you're going to have to allow for a variety of beliefs within the term Hinduism. Even some of the fundamental concepts have contrary claims made to them depending upon which school of Hinduism you're appealing to. Nevertheless, I'm going to try my best to give this video and try to introduce you as the viewer into some of these notions. I'm not going to say fundamental because there's nothing that only Hindus believe right. But some of these significant notions, these major notions that underline what we refer to as Hinduism. It is your real self. It is your eternal self. It is your spiritual self. What does this mean? Okay, so look down deep into your depths.  None of that is ultimate.  That's the non-real self. That's what underlies that. It is beneath that. It's what allows you to have that. But that's not your real self. Your deepest desires are your ego. What you want. Your values which you hold dear, again, that's what you want. That's what you're clinging to. That's the false self. What you're clinging to grounds you in this world. It keeps you here. It nails you into this belief. But that's not Atman. That's not the point of Atman. Atman is the fundamentally real self. It's the eternal self. Your beliefs change. You believe different things when you're a child than when you do now. Your fundamental values change. You do not have the same values now that you used to. And when you were older, you won't keep those same values. Those will change. That's what changes. Like this body, this body changes. This hand is going to get wrinkled. More veins will appear on it. There will be more wrinkles that appear on this face. My hair is going to go gray, some of it's already started. All of that is what changes. Well, if that's what changes, that's not your fundamental. That's not your real self. That's not your eternal self. Atman is the real self. That's the eternal self. Everything else that you're experiencing, as far as that's concerned, all of what you're experiencing as far as that's concerned, that's not real. That changes. That comes and goes. It's the eternal. That's what's real. That is at. Brahman might be the most difficult thing to understand in Hinduism. Yet, at the end of the day, you achieve enlightenment when you do understand Brahman. So what is Brahman? Well, look at the things around you. Some are hard, like you're rigid. You're like your computer is rigid. It's hard to knock against it. You'll hit resistance. Some of it is soft, like your pillow. Don't try it right now because you might fall asleep. Some of it is hot, like coffee or tea or a shower. Some of it is cold, like lemonade or ice. Some of it is sharp, like needles. Some of it is dull, like a spoon. All these things that exist around there, all these things have Brahman as their source. Brahman is the ultimate reality. Brahman is the essence of everything. Brahman is interesting because it has no limits. Since everything comes from Brahman, it has everything in it. It has its potential in it. And it's actuality in it. Brahman is all things. Brahman is all things. It is both hot and cold. It is both sharp and dull. It is both hard and soft. It is the source of it all. It's the source of everything. It is both transcendent in that it's above all things. Metaphysical is being beyond and above all things. But it's also imminent because it's here. All things are Brahman. Okay. Now, since it has all things, it is both their potentiality and their actuality. The gods and goddesses even are manifestations of Brahman. These gods can be different from each other, but that's okay because Brahman is all things. These gods can even be opposed to each other, but that's okay because they can still be from Brahman because Brahman is all things. Everything is Brahman. Everything is from and in the ultimate reality. Now, as long as we're kind of on this topic, it's important to know there's at least two main, two different schools of thought about Brahman. One is that Brahman is a person and that Brahman has intelligence and consciousness and a will. That's one view of Brahman. Another view of Brahman is that Brahman is not a person. And this isn't to say that this is a limitation on Brahman, but rather to say that Brahman is a person, is itself a limitation. So Brahman, on this kind of line of reasoning, Brahman isn't a person and to say that it's not merely a person, it's so much more than that. It's so much more than a person. So keep in mind this division between these two main ideas about Brahman being a person, about Brahman not being merely a person. It's going to be important later on. But this is a really important, it's going to become important later on when we consider the statement, Atman is Brahman. There's a variety of ways that we can translate in English the word Dharma. Code of conduct, duty, virtue, morality, or even religion. Maybe most broadly we should just think of Dharma as how you should live your life. Maybe. I'm adding one more translation in there. Dharma is how you're supposed to behave. It is your duty. It's your obligation. But it's important to remember, while Dharma is universal law, Dharma applies to everybody. Everybody has Dharma. Not everybody has the same Dharma. There's different rules depending on your station and life. And this isn't necessarily difficult to believe.   There's a child crying. You should do different things depending on whether you're the parent of the child or just a stranger. If you're a stranger to the child, leave the kid alone. That's not your kid. The parent is there to take care of the child. It would be perhaps a little obtrusive for you to come in and console the child. A parent should pick up the child and console it or whatever. Or if the child is misbehaving. Maybe it's the duty of the parent to discipline the child to correct the child's behavior, but not yours. That's not your child. Don't discipline the child. That's not yours. So Dharma, I'm not saying that necessarily is Dharma. I'm just trying to explain that once duties or obligations can change depending on what station and life. But Dharma, with Dharma, these are the duties, these are the obligations that you have. Okay. Now Dharma, as I said, Dharma is everywhere. Everyone has Dharma, but not everyone has the same Dharma. Your Dharma differs depending on station and life. Okay. Now, it's important to recognize that in Hinduism, you're supposed to perform your Dharma dispassionately.  Emotion is the ego. Emotion is the physical, the now, the transient, the temporary existence. Okay. You're supposed to perform Dharma. You are. You act according to Dharma, but you do so because it's Dharma, not because you want to. You do so because it's Dharma, not because you don't want to and still have to.  Some of you. Now some of you obey the speed limit because you what, you are enthusiastic about moderate speeds and you think that that's just fine to travel this speed and it maximizes efficiency and fuel consumption.  Some of you obey the speed limit but don't really want to. I want to go fast. I want to go fast but here I am doing the speed limit. I really don't want to. Neither of those instances is following the speed limit dispassionately. To follow the speed limit dispassionately, I have the speed limit because it's the speed limit. That's it. That's it. It's a peaceful, content obeying of Dharma, not an enthusiastic, exciting obeying of Dharma, not a grumpy, grumpy and resentful following of Dharma. It's following your, it's performing your duty, dispassionately performing your duty. Karma is literally translated in English to action. Now what karma does, at least in the context of Hinduism, is it governs the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth. So Hinduism, a claim in Hinduism is reincarnation. Atman, the real self, is born again in different physical bodies. So now there are better ways to be reborn and worse ways to be reborn, right? You can and the best ways aren't necessarily human. There are some, I don't remember details, but there are some stations there are some kinds of rebirth that are better than human, right? I think it's some animals, but don't, I don't really remember I'm not exactly an expert.  Karma dictates what happens to you during this life and it's related to Dharma. Whether you follow Dharma or not determines the consequences. That's karma. If you perform Dharma good consequences will follow. If you fail to perform Dharma bad consequences will follow. And to put it simply and good things or what goes around comes around. It's kind of how in the West we describe it, right? If you do good things, good things will happen to you. If you do bad things, bad things will happen to you. Now and the good things in this case is Dharma and the bad thing is violating Dharma. So now it's important to remember that what you do now impacts not only your life now but your future incarnations. Your future incarnations. Samsara is reincarnation. It's this cycle of life, death, rebirth. That's Samsara.  Now you might think that this sounds great, right? Something you'll get to be born again and again. In a sense, I live forever. I live forever. All I have to do then is to always follow Dharma and my rebirths will always be good. And I'll live forever with good consequences. Now you might think that. We're tempted to think something like that in the West. You want to do good things so you'll be born again and again. Moksha is this liberation from Samsara.  What do you mean liberation? Moksha is a good thing in Hinduism. It's the freedom, the liberation from being born again and again. Now, you might wonder, wait, why would I want to stop that cycle of rebirth? Wouldn't it be great to live forever with good consequences? This seems like a good thing. Think about it. If you're born again and again, you're always in this transient, temporary, flawed, limited reality. If you're always in the temporary flawed, limited reality, you're never experiencing Brahman. You're never experiencing the unlimited.  Why would you want a merely limited reality? Why wouldn't you want to pursue an unlimited reality? And this is where Moksha comes in. Well, if you are liberated from reincarnation, you can experience unlimited reality. If you're liberated, you're rejoining Brahman. So there's a phrase that's meant to refer to this whole process to achieve Moksha, to be liberated from samsara, and in the phrase, at least in English, is atman is Brahman. Atman is Brahman. Now the point behind this is that the eternal self, the real self, is this unlimited reality. Now, again, there's kind of two different ways, at least two different ways to understand this. If the idea is that Brahman is a person, that Brahman is a person, has intelligence, has a will, has consciousness, it's not to say that your person disappears when rejoins that person. No. There's a distinction between the person of Brahman and you, and your atman. However, as a creation of Brahman, your atman reflects Brahman. As much as Brahman is the ultimate reality, your eternal self. Brahman is the ultimate reality, and these things are just manifestations of it. Your eternal self is related that way to your physical attributes, and these are just manifestations of the real self. It's not the real self. You can want many different things. So your real self is like Brahman, or is Brahman in that kind of relationship between Brahman and the things, and atman and the ego. That's one way of understanding it. Another way of understanding it is the second way of understanding Brahman, and that Brahman is not merely a person. And you are Brahman. There's an identity between you and Brahman. You are at once a manifestation and are Brahman. Both those things together. And in either case, that's how Moksha is achieved is through this enlightenment, through this realization that you are Brahman. And the following Dharma is the way to do this. You do your duty not because you want to, so dispassionately doing your duty, separating or detachment from oneself, performing one's duty to achieve enlightenment. That's the rough idea, at least the best way that I can explain it. So you don't do things because you have desires, you don't do things because it's your duty.   That's your duty. You don't what? You don't pursue a career because you enjoy doing it. You do so because it's your duty as part of being a society. There's lots of ways. And again, your career will be determined by your station in life. When you start acting not out of the ego, but as atman.  You come closer the more you work on that, the more you meditate on it, the more you contemplate that. You come closer to moksha and you're liberated from reincarnation by being liberated from the self.


So, this is the greatest secret that keeps people limited. These belief systems that prevent you progressing even though you want to and you know you can and you should and you do the equivalent of going to the gym, the equivalent of trying to improve yourself and you default back all the time to the person you don't want to be. The chances are you have a belief system and the only way to change it is you have to reprogram that subconscious jukebox. You've got to put new tunes in there and it's hard work. It's hard work personally and corporately and a lot of people quit because it's so hard work and the longer you leave it the tougher it is. But I've got to tell you, those belief systems are where your default limitations are coming from.


With so many brushes to choose from it can feel really overwhelming as a beginner so I'm going to talk you through three brushes that I would highly recommend to create a full face of makeup. Starting off with the Blanqueves Cosmetics F20.  So this brush can be used for buffing and blending, create a medium or full coverage depending on how you apply it and once you learn how to apply it the application is very easy. It's best used for liquid foundations but you can also use it for your powders too. The great thing about this brush is you can use it for your foundation, your contour, your powders, your blush, your highlight and what I like to do is I actually apply my concealer and use this brush to blend out my concealer as well that way I don't have to have an extra concealer brush.  Then for the foundation I take a little bit on the back of my hand, stamp it in and you want to keep the brush going against the skin not tilted downwards or upwards but coming straight on in a sort of woodpecker motion. Bouncing this off and on the skin repeatedly to apply a little bit of foundation and then this will gradually turn into a full coverage finish. Now for setting the makeup I've chosen the F16 and the reason I've chosen this is because it is a tapered brush meaning we can use it in a few different ways. So the tapered shape will allow you to press on powder or to sweep powder. Now it does work best with powders so your powdered bronzers, blushes, it's big enough that it can be used on the body as well as the face and what I like to do is I use it for my contour first of all because that tapered edge allows me to have lots of control. So taking a little bit of my bronzer I do a three sweep from my forehead to my cheeks to my jaw but then I can also use it to apply my baking powder, my setting powder, applying a little bit of powder under my eyes. That's what I love about this brush, so much control. And then we have our blush brush now this can be used in two different ways. Because it is flat but also slender we can apply our products in a flat motion or a sweeping motion and is incredibly soft. Also it's synthetic which means you can use this with creams like cream blushes or even apply your foundation with this brush. It is completely multi-purpose and incredibly easy to use because it is so silky soft. My favorite way to use it is just as my blush brush, take a little bit of blush, tap it onto those cheeks and it also works great as a highlighter brush or even a setting powder brush. Once again being super multi-purpose. So those would be my top three brushes they can be used in multiple different ways and if you have any questions definitely let me know and I'll try and get back to you and I will see you guys in the next one.


Collin response. Thank you all for coming now. I can't see any of you Thank you all for coming to tonight's performance and Q&A Before we start a couple of very brief announcements First we want to thank the de flores fund for humor For helping us put this on if you have any funny ideas, please apply to the de flores fund We can approve grants of $750 at any time and grants more than that twice a year There is a mailing list For the communications form which this is a part of right outside there on a table if you sign up for that We will only send you emails about events So you'll get between five and six emails a year But if you want to be kept informed about things like this, please do that There are also materials from the title nine of violence prevention and response office on the table outside Tonight we are all here to see Cameron Esposito Who is a nationally headlining comedian? She has appeared in feature films on Comedy Central on HBO. She's to write a column for the AV club She has she has been a part of several incredible podcasts Her most recent comedy special is one that I cannot recommend highly enough it's called rape jokes and it deals with sexual assault from a survivor's perspective and it has so that so far raised more than $95,000 for the rape abuse and incest national network It is available for streaming on her website Cameron Esposito calm before we call her out a couple of very Quick guidelines for tonight. You are welcome to take pictures as long as there are no flash Please do not make any video recordings, but pictures are fine And please know audio recordings after Cameron does her stand-up set We're gonna do a brief Q&A and then an audience Q&A So don't leave when she is done and with that will you please join me in giving a big welcome to Cameron Esposito? So now I'm gonna do a stand-up set 45 minutes or so a Couple of other quick announcements before we go on in my excitement to get Cameron out here I neglected to thank two other Places at MIT that helped us put this on the Mind Hand Heart Innovation Fund and women and gender studies at MIT Both of whom did a lot to help make this happen So the way this is gonna work Cameron and I are gonna talk for a little while. We'll open it up to you We have two microphones So during the Q&A part you can come down and stand at the mic if you are unable to come down To the mic for some reason just raise your hand and we will get a mic to you Also before we start this portion It's possible that during this section of the night We're gonna talk about a topic that might bring up something in some of you and we want to know that you do have support Violence prevention and response is MIT's confidential resource for sexual assault stalking harassment and sexual harassment and what confidential means in this context there are University employees typically are required to report Sexual harassment or sexual assault under Title IX laws violence prevention and response is a place where you can go and talk to them Confidentially, they do not give your name to anyone. There is not a report that needs to come out of that that is up to you They have a 24-hour hotline and there's also an advocate here Alessandra who can offer support the hotline number is<PHONE_NUMBER> and again, there's a violence prevention and response Table right outside Along with the communications forum sign-up sheet, which we hope you sign up for so Move over here Surf that I should like get get down. I was gonna sit down on the ground This is so satisfying. I Mean I might take this out, but it's just so isn't it cute This is still so little I Feel like a dry Well, I think this is like this is like a table guy. Yeah, exactly, but just seeing it on the floor like that The sweetest thing I ever saw No, I know I know I know Have you used a microphone before? Yes, I know but it's just this part so this fun. It's the world's most ineffective boom mic You're you're in the shot. No, I know it's I just don't they have so much So thank you for coming. Oh, yes, we'll quiz you on the different course numbers later That was a fun part of the show. I still don't have no idea what they are and I've been here for nine years. I think so People say like I'm in course three and I just not There you go. Somebody's really a fan of course three So well, I wanted to ask first about about your special. Yeah rape jokes What made you what brought that about what made you want to do that and we haven't talked at all about it I know if you want to talk a little bit about what that special is. Yeah, absolutely so it's um, it's an hour about sexual assault from my first-person perspective as a survivor and I Put it out for free at my website and I know you mentioned this in my intro But I'll just say this all to you because you know, I know these are times where you can it just can feel so overwhelming like is there even anything good in the world sometimes and So you can watch it for free and then there's an option where you can choose to donate and so Folks have chosen to donate over $95,000 like it's a for free thing So that to me it gives me a lot of hope and I really love that So just shout out to all of the human beings that are the felt Affected enough and I got a chance to go to a rain is the World the nation's largest anti-sexual violence organization. I got a chance to join their organization on their advisory council and to go to see the Room where they take phone calls and so this has been a really wonderful Process for me and the process of making that special was I woke up in the middle of the night And I just like had that title in my head because rape jokes are it's like been it's one of those things It's been debated for as long as I've been doing comedy like are there certain topics that are off limits And it's like it just strikes me as utter silliness because When people are talking about Something like sexual assault first of all there always seems to be this implied difference between that men and women feel differently About sexual assault and I find that in my anecdotal evidence or experience that is not true like I know a lot of men who either are survivors themselves or who like came up to me and Told me how much this affected them. So like I kind of think a lot of us are on the same side Which is the side of justice. That's the first thing and good communication and better education because One of our biggest problems. I think as a country is that we don't have sex ed So how can you know when whether or not you're doing something consensual? but but The other thing I hear often when I hear people talk about rape jokes is like There'll be just a comic will go out and say something that's just deliberately offensive or Obtuse in some way and then get upset that the audience wants more from them as a comic like don't be a fan Like buck up and censorship and it's like sort of the stuff I was talking about during my set and I I just think like if you're a comic and somebody tells you hey Be more careful with this thing that has really affected real people that You should want to be a good enough artist to make better jokes like that that Somebody giving you feedback is an opportunity to improve your art and especially I also always assume There are survivors in the room because I'm a survivor So we all it's also something that we talk about as if like there's nobody Affected by it. It's one of those topics that we just trot out to talk about as if it only affects people outside the room and Statistically it affects people in every single room that we're in so I Just think there's a huge shift that we could make and I was happy with the with rape jokes for just doing a tiny bit too Well, at least to get my opinion out there and for people who haven't seen it and then when you do donate It's very cool because like two seconds later you get an email from Cameron that says thank you And I was like oh my god, you're so welcome I Imagined you every individual time. Thank you so much set manukin And so so what is the experience of then of of taking that out and and talking to people after That show and after you do Do do that stand up? What has that experience been like with the audiences? Well, I only I only did that material in really small rooms because I didn't feel like It was something where I could come out in like a like when I'm here in Boston I often play the Wilbur and like that's a big beautiful room But I didn't feel like I could go into the Wilbur and like bring up this topic And then just sort of like leave So I'd only did it in rooms that were a hundred Max people and sometimes smaller than that Because I wanted to like have a chance to be with the audience afterwards because a lot of times people would out Themselves to me as survivors or that they had survivors in their family or just to have a chance to like connect on it And it just felt to me like I didn't feel like it was something I could come out and dump on an audience even though It's like it's not like a heavy special. It's real and there are parts that aren't funny, but it's It's not like to do damage, but I just felt like there was some aftercare required Right. Yeah, so it was like really intimate audiences and I and I heard directly from a lot of people That's not usually my experience.  Yeah, but that didn't feel like what I could do for this and and is that So now that you've done that special, do you think you will continue to do that in smaller rooms? Are you moving on to other yet? I will never do that Material again. I don't think some of it was in here But like as the hour that exists like I don't think I'll ever do it again. Um, I Was so lucky to get a chance to This was like the coolest project because also people donated their time Which is something I never asked folks to to donate for things that they should be paid for But in this case, I knew that all the money was going to be donated and I knew I was donating my time So I felt a little bit more comfortable and I just feel like I captured exactly what I wanted to capture and I think it's like I'm very proud of it and It exists and I feel like now I can move on a little bit I got to say my piece and that's more than most people get to do Moving back a bit You obviously were not you didn't major in comedy in college Was what got you into improv it sounds like pretty much right after school you you started getting involved in improv Yeah, well actually at BC has the weirdly has the oldest collegiate improv group in the country It's called my mother's flea bag. It still exists Amy polar wasn't it ten years before I was and so when I was at school Amy was like just breaking out on SNL So there was this feeling like oh, all you do is just like act like a banana in the cafeteria for like Three nights a month or whatever and then like you get to be a famous person, you know and I got my first job working professionally in Improv the day after I graduated so it's I've always Since the day after I graduated from school. I've been working professionally in comedy And did you always know you wanted to perform and it sounds like you were a Cardinal maybe oh, it was just a red wing. You know that bird. Yes, right, right No, I was I was a jock I played a lot of sports you have those incredible ligaments. I mean, yeah, yeah I have those like now it's like a three sport athlete in high school and And I was like on student council and stuff like that I was like very involved the person setting up for the dances and if you can if you remember that person like the person's like putting stringers everywhere all the time and Then at BC I played rugby What yeah, oh is a delayed rugby woo. Yeah Yeah, I played rugby so yeah, I I didn't know about Well, that's why I asked some of you like Like what you're studying because I really didn't know this was a job I went to like a college prep high school and I really didn't know anybody that wasn't Catholic and I Didn't know that arts and entertainment like I would see people on TV and I didn't understand I Think maybe I still had like Almost like an infant's understanding of like they live in the in the TV like I just you know, like I like It's crowded and they have to share a bet. There's a lot of them Yeah, I didn't know this was a job so I Even didn't know it was a job after I was doing it professionally like I Applied to go to grad school and I started getting my master's in social work. I when I worked when I lived out here I worked in special ed with kids with severe physical special needs and so I Was still I was doing comedy at night. I had other stuff that I thought would be my Career I thought comedy would be my passion. You could have been an uplift driver. That's right. I could have been up Too true things have gone a little bit. Yeah. Yeah And and you're a comedian obviously this is true of most stand-ups who talks a lot about your own life shares very intimate things We now live in a culture where The audience the world at large feels like they have a right to interact with anyone who's famous in any way in any manner What is that experience like I would guess that you're dealing with difficult subjects that not all of the comments You get are fully supportive. Oh, yeah, that's a good question. Well, I Have a new approach to social media these days were like I really am not ever on anything So I don't see as I Don't see as much as many comments even like the positive comments to I don't really see as much as I used to During the first maybe say ten years of my career it was I pretty much only got Discouragement if that makes any sense, you know, like People that I worked with other comics sometimes were kind to me or like there were a lot of improvisers here in Boston who Made me think I could do this job But I don't know if this is gonna like shock any of you we were talking about this backstage I am like truly the first Part of the first generation of comics that could start out You know Ellen was well into her career and with her own television show when she came out in the 90s And then was blacklisted and had to like literally go away for a while before she re-emerged as a fish and This is all real And like Tig Notaro who's maybe in the like it may be one generation Ahead of me, you know wasn't oh wasn't Maybe like not closeted but like not not out like didn't start talking about her life her personal life And I'm just naming those people that's true of like everybody in that generation, you know like a lot of well Not everybody there were some people that were out like Lea DeLaria who's Who's like now on orange is the new black has been out forever?    So it makes that's true. It's Honestly, what do they have sex?  I don't know. I've never seen it, you know You know, so it was weird, right yeah, and so now ten years into your career Is that do you see? That being sort of the same for men and women in the LGBTQI community or is it is there something different? Yeah That's a good question.  Yeah Yeah, well, I will well just to give like more accurate information I'm actually like 15 years in now So I'm not saying that but what I mean is the first 10 were really hard Then the last five have been really interesting where I've been getting like rewarded Right for being an unusual voice, and I'm like wait what like I almost don't trust it I will say it It is it is true that there has never been an out Gay male Mega star in the stand-up world There also hasn't really been a mega star that's like trans person or a non-binary person if you think about it that that's like Wow, that's true, and I think some of that is Who has been cultured to like take up space? You know, I think a lot of times Like it's just a numbers game that oh wow, I guess I'll get into like some gender theory or whatever but like Like there are a lot of lesbians who do stand-up because We don't care what men think of us, and it's very difficult to be a woman will we do? I mean I still do of course I'm cultured female of course Think about me except me think I'm beautiful like I don't even I don't want you at all, but could you like please validate me? It's very confusing But I think if you're a straight woman you know I Can like really get into this laughter is a submissive behavior I don't know if we know this but like I don't know I read this I've read like studies and like books on it. It's a submissive the person that's on stage is like The leader they're dominating You and that can and that can feel really good like it actually can feel really nice to be like held in that way But I think sometimes for men if that's a woman.  She's have a difficult time dating.   He's he's on the Daily Show now Or maybe Joel Kim booster But yeah, that'll happen someday There was one thing That you said in a special that I loved and I hope I wrote down and I probably didn't I Did not or I took the wrong piece of paper, but It was something you were talking about basketball shorts guy. Yeah, and Which is like a character in the special basketball shorts guy. He's actually nailed it. Yeah, and but and you said something like it was like You know stand up get in the way get in the way. Yeah, so yeah, I didn't even need to write it down. Yeah I know my you could ask me. Yeah, I'll tell you And and and I thought that was that was really interesting because You know people will come to me Because I I I'm a professor for whatever reason to look for me for advice and I'll say well, what can I do? I feel helpless in this situation this geopolitical situation What can I do and I thought that was really interesting without asking you to get into the whole thing What does that mean like what is that? What was he embodying there? Yeah, I'll I'll maybe like get a little bit specific with the story Then I'll tell you a little bit about how I've applied it in other ways and and then This would be like not to do your job But I bet this would be like a really good lead-in because for for for other questions because I feel like we're going Confab and then yeah, yeah, no, I just I feel like this is gonna be there's gonna be some like cool questions maybe they come from this so This moment that you're talking about You know I was an undergrad when I was assaulted and it was a friend and That person later approached me and it was very aggressive with me and it was another student a Dude who like stepped between us and he like It was a I literally don't even remember this guy's name like that is how indelible He as an individual was in my life. That's how close friends. We were not really close friends the person who stepped between but still like in passing this person has like changed my life and I think about how like he could have absolutely have chosen to just walk by and Let this scene play out and instead he stepped between and that is something that I'm so grateful for You know in that situation and it's also What I'm trying to do in the world with my career when I Make a special make it available for for free I'm where you don't have to sign up for a service a streaming service or pay for a subscription or for cable or whatever trying to like interrupt this System that we live in or I had a television show for a while. That's called take my wife and the very low-budget television show and we made a decision to Go for these really specific numbers in terms of diversity like in all female writers room that was also 40% people women of color and then also our cast was over 50% out LGBT actors and When our show Was canceled because our streaming service was just like was went defunct our show wasn't really canceled But we were able to release these numbers and we have these you know this is a Show that operated at like the 10th of a budget that a show on HBO would be at or like a 20th of a show on network television and we had these numbers these diversity numbers that that it like trended on Twitter and a lot of Media outlets picked up these numbers and because like we deliberately designed it so that it's like well We have like no money and money is time So we're making this show faster than you're making your show but we just went in with a mandate and this is what we were able to do and Being able to release those numbers felt again to me It's like these little moments to disrupt the system I put a challenge out to other people who are in a position to hire folks like here's what I was able to do you know improve on this and Yeah, so that's what I've tried to do in my career thus far and I think that's hopefully what I'll continue to get to do Oh After the streaming service shut down, then it was picked up Yes stars bought the show so stars is you can watch it on stars. Yeah, right. Yeah Another thing that I thought was was really fascinating about about your special about getting it online is that you don't You don't even need to sign up for a newsletter. You can go on and watch it.  Yeah, it's worth doing Why don't we open it up to the audience and again come down to either one of the mice It doesn't seem like a super shy crowd, but oftentimes it takes one person to To get things started While we're waiting for that Are you working on Another special show what what else are you working on? Yeah? I'm about to go while I was working on a new hour this fall But I also just turned in the second draft of a book Wow I'm out trying to sell a new TV show right now. We'll see what happens there, but I Mean I lay a lot and then I'm gonna go back out on the road and I'm gonna work on the next hour of material But yeah, you know, I don't know still Who has a question. Oh, yeah, good. You know you got do you enjoy being on the road? Oh, it is so lonely It's so lonely. It's so lonely being on the road. It's also so nice. I love my job But sometimes I wish I could go home and see my dog. What kind of dog do you have? He's a sweetie Also, I'm a poet and I'm starting to perform my poetry and I was wondering because I saw Rape Jokes and I really liked it and meant a lot to me how Do you as a performer walk at the line of trying to talk about really difficult Experiences and trying to talk about stuff that isn't talked about enough but also Keeping in mind the fact that there is an audience that might be affected and might have feels to your feels Sure, you mean like What do I do about the fact that there might be that a survivor? Yeah, like what is what is your perspective on like trying to navigate that space? Yeah, I mean, I just feel like I Try to be pretty conscientious As conscientious as I can be but that being said like I am just one person and one thing that I think helps a lot is to make sure that you're Investigating your own experience and really speaking only for yourself because that's why I felt like I Could do a special like rape jokes because I felt like well, I'm not trying to speak about rape culture I'm trying to speak about my experience and the more specific and the more personal I am The more that speaks about rape culture. So I just I find that like You know, that is how we do the best work is when we just try to speak only for ourselves Does that make sense? Yeah, no it does. Yeah, thank you. Yeah, that's such a good question first quick thing is I One did you know our class numbers also our classes are also by numbers not just our courses I thought you might find that interesting. Everything's awesome here Um, what I want to say is like I don't know every gay person You know how they're like journey of like figuring out their game and whatnot and for me There's like a huge like time in my life when I didn't realize I could be gay and then I watched BuzzFeeds ask a lesbian Featuring you you're welcome You're welcome That's pretty much how I realized like I could be gay slash like definitely was So that's sort of like my turning point of my like, I don't know in my life a little bit me like in the hall I'm watching this video and so like you mean a lot to me And I was wondering if you possible to get an autograph either now or after the show Good That's so cool. That's the that's the whole goal is Convert lesbians. Yes Yes No, the whole goal is uh Don't I'm not saying this to like to be overly sad or anything, but I really didn't have anybody You know, I really have tried to be the person I didn't have like for my own little baby self Like I used to when I was at PC my girlfriend and I we used to take the train to Davis Square to go to the diesel cafe Where there's just like haircuts and I Don't know if you are I don't know if you that is in a two-hour Tea journey like that is like those could not be further apart.  We would just walk in and go like oh And then like leave, you know, so I really think it matters to see You know to see what you could possibly be so thank you for telling me that Story I got to learn how lesbians use condoms from your yeah Yeah The answer is as dreamcatcher. Yes as dreamcatcher's you lay them on the windowsill to dry you make a dreamcatcher. I Slapped in my own joke Yes, okay, so our majors and there's also a lot of lesbians you may have heard So I adopted daughter of lesbians and I really love your show take my wife And I'm also queer myself and I'm what and I really loved the scene where you Discuss adoption and I'm wondering if you could sort of elaborate on the story behind creating that. Oh Wow, oh, thank you so first of all yay. Thank you for you came here from Wellesley. Yes.  You're gonna buy or steal? I'm like, what are you gonna do and You know, we would write these jokes And then here's the other thing that we did that like I'm actually so proud of is we hired Additional queer folks to come in and did a table read like for just queer people to be like Is there anything in here that doesn't ring like as true as it could be for like our community? Or how much where could we get more specific and stuff like that? so it's literally like two queer show runners and then with some queer Writers and then doing like we did literally we called it a gay pass like just do an additional You know pass on top of that and then also tried to hire out LGBT actors that the things that were coming out of our Melves were things that we had lived experience with and I just I look at you know what other I'm not trying to pass judgment, but I look at like Like there are some really great movies But so often when queer characters pop up in shows It's like a random room of straight writers trying to address a topic and then that's when you get like weird Like jokes about closets and you're like that what you know like doing I mean it's like so I think on everything in that in that show it was like Just trying to make something that felt really honest.  Oh, man. Can I like in high school? Oh my god.  Well tell your folks.  Yeah rock on Hello friend. Hi My name is Sam Sam Really really happy to be here. Thank you so much for coming and thank you for championing the message that diversity is part of what makes this country good Yes, like really important I enjoyed hearing the snippet of story about basketball short-student and how he was able to step in and be an ally I'm part of the business school allies group for men who are trying to like whoa. Yeah What that's amazing that that even exists.  All right. Yeah, keep going. Yes I mean we accept all allies, but yeah, I love this actively, you know, yeah My question is basically about how to encourage more people to be allies Not just how can I be better which I would also appreciate your your advice? But how to how to get more people to recognize the need and understand how they can take action That's such a good question. And I I would say for me the only solution that has ever worked Is telling and it's like not unlike this the answer that I gave to you It's like is Telling people why something matters to me like I just I really feel like we're in this moment where it feels like we Like the inclination is often to like address a massive social issue sure But I find that that can turn people off You know or even overwhelm people it's like literally why I think stand-up is a valuable art because you're on You're you're on stage talking about like here's my experience. Here's my experience. You're not saying you're not it's not like Instructive it's not like here's what you should do. So I mean I would say Something that like if I were in your shoes, I could imagine Like you're you know hanging out with some buddies or whatever and you just talk about this thing that you're doing and why it's important to You and like let them decide whether or not they want to come in your direction But I just I think often, you know attraction works better than Like event evangelization do you know what I'm saying so I think that Like just talking about what you already do here in this room Now people know that's a thing that exists or whatever and like I think that's I think that's one way to do it cool. Yeah, thank you Absolutely. Yes Yeah, cool Yeah, yeah, go go go But I wanted to be over here Wow Wow, I don't walk all the way around. No, I know I feel wow first of all like that Way to know yourself Thank you. Oh Yeah, it's cuz I'm Cuban I guess so again, this is one of those moments where it's slightly weird to yell Good good good, um, I don't remember what I was going to say but stuff Um, I think it would be really great if you could have a little bit of a uplift session Fantastic especially considering no pressure, but hearing your stand up for like I don't know the past like 17,000 years I've been listening to you like for forever Oh, and actually because of my older sister who is also gay. Sorry parents You're welcome parents.    Do I do stand-up comedy because that's also kind of a secret dream of mine? And like talk about it through humor because like that's how I you know Talk about my feelings through humor and Or do I like just join a bunch of organizations like Fenway health and things like that and just like How do I how do I make a difference? How do I make an impact or is it just like? That's that's where I'm at Well, first of all, I'm so sorry that that happened to you and thank you for it. Thank you for telling me and second of all, I want to say that I Think you're at an age where maybe you don't need to have the answer to that question and That investigation and information is so helpful, you know, I remember How overwhelmed I Felt at this time and like it's not like now in my life. I Never feel I've certainly have decisions again where I'm like is this the right thing to do next and sometimes in my mind I can get I can worry about is this the right thing Will this be the right thing to do in ten years or something like that? And That's very hard to know the thing that you can know is like what's the first step that you can take? So like the first step that you could take If you were gonna be a stand-up is to go to an open mic and sign up and Go on stage and the first step that you could take if you want to be a politician Is like probably to take the LSAT, you know, like You know and the first step for joining those organizations is maybe to join one of them and Go to a meeting and see how that feels So I would just say like I know if there's all this pressure and it feels like you have to know the answer But like I said, I did I mean I didn't start doing stand-up full-time or comedy full-time as my job Till I was like 27 so, you know 22 to 27 five years and sometimes people sometimes it takes people You know much much longer than that or whatever, but you know, I spent five years doing multiple things to figure out what was the right thing for me and That's okay, too. So I just would say The advice is to take the the first step see if you like it then take the second step and not worry about Changing the world, but worry about what you like That was incredible. It's my first step giving you five stars five stars. Yes. That's it five stars five stars Yes, yeah, thank you. Oh This person oh, I'm so sorry Everybody's killing it We probably have time for one or two maybe more questions Thank you very much for being here tonight. I've also listened to listen a lot to you like Special like at the beginning of my college years I'm a senior now and it did mean a lot to me And I specifically have a question for you because at some points in your life You've been very Catholic and now you're very gay Students so I proceed like this but I love it. I love it. I love it. I love it the same is true for me except that I grew up in very Catholic Italy and For some reason it's never occurred to me that there was something wrong with like being Catholic and being gay Just because I didn't feel quite as much homophobia in Italy even though I used to go to church regularly and like everything and then When I came to the US as a college freshman, that's the first moment in which I realized oh wait, there are people who have problems with me being like gay and Catholic at the same time and Well, that does it's a larger discourse. I guess it's like more of a personal journey but what felt really confusing to me about the US is that I felt in a way rejected by the Catholic community and I met at MIT because I looked gay. I had an undercut and But I also I guess but I also found that sometimes interacting with like presenting myself as gay was like, I don't know Weird for people who knew I was Catholic. So I just wanted to know what your take on that is Yeah, thank you for asking that question You know, I think my journey on it has been it's not it's not actually a Queerness that I think conflicts. Well, no, it is that too, but I just I grew up thinking that That that the church was About community and trust and doing the right thing in the world and I'm now at the point of my life where like I'm still For I will always consider myself like ethnically Catholic because I I really was raised in this specific way I can't like undo it in my brain But it was it was like in in college the thing that first made me Push away from the church was actually not coming out It was when I like was a theology major I read all of the stuff and I read what the church thought about women and I read like about being a vessel and why I couldn't be a priest and it it made me so sad, you know, like we are more than 50% of the world's population and The Catholic Church is one of the wealthiest organizations in the world They own they're like the third biggest landowner. They oh, it's like it's like the Queen of England the King of Saudi Arabia and the church and There's so much money and so much opportunity to do good work and instead like the more I investigated I was like, oh we went to like my faith went to Mexico and built churches on You know indigenous land or took a space that had been occupied by somebody else and killed the people in there and put a cross on it and I I Then and then I was at BC when the sex abuse scandal happened here in Boston and Right after I graduated I was saying backstage that like BC bought a parcel of land from the arch diocese That is budding up against the University and that money from that was then given to survivors of sex abuse They openly did this like it wasn't even like a weird backdoor deal. It was like BC said like we are buying this land from the church and the archdiocese said like we are going to give to survivors So my college tuition went to offset abuse and I just I I Don't know that I think that anybody has to make any particular decision about like whether you believe in certain things or whether you go to mass I'm just somebody who thinks that we have to look at things conscientiously and like this organization that I was born into I feel an enormous Responsibility to be honest about in the public realm like just because we have good football teams doesn't mean we're good people So that's kind of my take on it is that I just think it's like You know if it feels helpful to you and it feels beautiful to you and it feels like you can do good work from that Like cool. I just also want that to come with honesty about what that organization really is and really does Yeah, sounds like we're on the same page Yeah, we actually are yeah, thank you, but but you said it's so beautiful and so concisely. Yeah, thank you very much absolutely Yeah Thank you again Cameron. I so want the day to happen when your niece says are you pooping and someone says yes I am pooping I Want that for her too, I know She kept waiting for someone just someone to be pooping right None of you are Let me ask again Great follow-up question. She was not pooping that is what we all assumed That's how she was covering for it Are you pooping? But no, she wasn't I don't that would also be great if she was pooping and she wanted to just like oh, no It's not it's my my dad that 40 year old man You again so much for for coming again. I'd like to thank women and gender studies mind-hand heart Flores fund and violence prevention and response. Thank all of you for being here again violence prevention response We'll be outside our sign-up is outside and we hope we see you all in the future. Thank you


Also, Mr. Kinsley, China of River State PDP, at the House of Reps, is the leader of PDP caucus in the House of Representatives. He has now described the dismissal of the suit filed by suspended national chairman, Mr. Uchisekundas, against the party as victory for democracy. China said that neither Sikundas nor the PDP won the case, saying that the victory was for all Nigerians. Sikundas had also prayed their court to restrain the PDP from conducting the forthcoming national convention of the party, which the court did not also grant. China assured that regardless of the outcome of the judgment, Sikundas was going to work closely with the party to enthrone good leaders in future elections. Hello. Hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


I am deeply honored by the opportunity to serve in this leadership capacity for such a great university. Berkeley has been one of the great institutions of higher learning ever since it was established over a hundred years ago. And to have the chancellorship of that great university now attached to my name still, of course, in a designate role is just a huge honor for me. We all know about the excellence of Berkeley. But it also is a university that by virtue of its being public, by virtue of recent decisions that have stressed diversity, that have built in the middle class access program, that have absolutely took on board the need to recruit as many Pell Grant students as possible, has a public mission that is completely in concert with its research and scholarly excellence. So the first thing I want to do is help to celebrate and preserve those aspirations and to be as committed as I possibly can to advancing both the excellence and the commitment to access that is part of the DNA of the University of California, Berkeley. I joined with the people of this state to celebrate what the University of California is but also to commit myself, not just to preserving the university and all of its excellence, but also in trying to find new ways to make the university relevant to the kinds of problems we face as a society. All universities say they have three prongs. They have research, teaching and public responsibilities. I think at the University of California, Berkeley, we start with the public mission.  But in fact we see them of course as continuous, as all connected to each other and as mutually interdependent in terms of establishing the importance of the work that's being done in the university. If we fail to provide the kind of opportunities for education that the University of California provides, we will be impoverishing the public sector, we will be impoverishing the public sphere and ultimately we will be eroding the basis on which democracy can and must work.


It's very important because we have already received a mandate during the COP in Durban, in which the world decided to launch the Durban platform. The world also decided to renegotiate, to rethink in an agreement, a legally binding agreement, to be signed not after 2015. So this is a process with three steps. Warsaw, the last year, Lima this year, and Paris the next year. So Lima is the center that connects the chain. So if we don't succeed in Lima with a very strong draft agreement, it's going to be very difficult to move toward an agreement to be signed in Paris. And also Lima is important because Lima, the capital of Peru, a developing country who is performing a very good economy, could be the good place to create or the best place to create an atmosphere of confidence, to try to move the world toward a consensus to have this agreement. But we need to be very realistic. This is a very complex process. This is a process in which there are different topics, different issues that it is still under discussion. And in some way, and in some case, very polarized, it was a very polarized position of the different countries. So the big challenge as a host country of the next COP is to bring all the countries but also recognize that there are more actors, more than just countries that has or can show what they have already developed and that could be part of that agreement to be signed in Paris in 2015. So we are very confident in what we are doing. We know that we can do something really strong. And we have as an output that we want to achieve in Lima the strong draft agreement. But that is not the only objective. We can also consolidate a red package, red plus package. We can also advance in what it is the content of the adaptation agenda. We can create the condition for the capitalization of the Green Climate Fund as a political signal to move the discussion of the finance sector of the climate finance agenda toward a mobilization of funds. So we have different goals, but we are working very hard to reach with all what we have already identified of what is going to be our measure of success.


So I'm John Furrier, Dave Vellante. This is our all-day live coverage in our Palo Alto studios, breaking down the AI innovators. And we got the next segment really talking about the AI infrastructure, the future. Got a great guest, Salman Parchar, who's the CEO of Catanimo startup in Seattle. Great to see you. And this is your time, Oracle AWS and the future of infrastructure is being rewritten. And it's unknown yet what it's gonna look like. You're building it. Thanks for coming on. Hey, thanks for having me. You know, we exchanged some notes about this at the dinner at AWS re-invent. So I'll just speak to a little bit about what we're doing and why we feel that the future as applications gets reinvented, we will be at the sort of at the precipice of reinventing the future of infrastructure. And as I mentioned, I think you guys talk about this in the sort of context of super cloud, which I think is super interesting way to put it. And I like to describe this as intelligent infrastructure. And so if you look at this history of infrastructure for the many, many years, it was distributed systems and computing, they emerged as the internet emerged. And now as generative AI and large language models emerge, how do we help developers harness the full potential of this capability to build intelligent applications? And where does infrastructure has to keep up with that? And so we're building this notion of intelligent infrastructure for developers, starting with a very specific service in this area to solve this perennial challenge around security and observability and really around model choice. But that's what's going on in Caradema at the moment as we play offense with small LLMs rather than the ultra large LLMs. So one of the things we put out months ago, which is being talked about a lot now is the power law of the language models with the foundation models. And if we pull up that slide, I want to get your thoughts on this because Jensen Long at Stanford last week presented, he talked a lot about the specialty models around inference value. He talked about the large language models at the top of the power law. Today it's pretty much a straight drop down with no neck, no torso, but as models start to grow in into the power law, you're going to see large and then small specialty models develop. And a lot of the smaller ones might have intellectual properties data. And this is where the action seems to be. I want to get your thoughts on this because what you're saying is that the infrastructure will be looking a lot like this. Can you explain your vision? Because this is kind of in context to the models themselves in a power law. And again, there's the big ones, they're getting bigger and the smaller ones could be small and be great, right? And still interact. So we're seeing a lot of diversity, but they're going to work together. So that fusion's happening. How does the infrastructure from your perspective, your vision play into this concept? So in this particular concept, if you think about this extra large models, these mega models being built by Google and Amazon by Coher or OpenAI, they're really going to solve this really complex reasoning problem around natural language generation. I think there's going to be hard to compete in that sort of bigger parameters, more training data, more training cycles, more compute. And then if you think about the edge, which is where we're going to operate, is our thinking of how do we separate out the various tasks in terms of generative AI and separate out natural language understanding from natural language generation. And so that for each particular domain, if you're really good at that understanding, you can help developers create more meaningful differentiated experiences, things that they can actually back with their APIs, and that can fit in sort of constrained devices. So I think the excessive large capacities being held by these companies that are building these excessively large models is going to be an area of investment and a lot of money is going to be spent that way. And then on the edge is where we're operating because we feel that there's a whole bunch of opportunity if you separate out these two natural language generation tasks from understanding and create for this new wave of infrastructure that gives developers new superpowers. These models density packed in that can extract a lot further users and so they can, developers, so they can create something meaningful. But we do see it because I mean, of course we're biased, but we're building along this vector on the edge and making sure that we can run on device constrained scenarios and be great at NLU, not necessarily NLG, which is what these other models are going to be great at. So what does that infrastructure look like at that edge and to support those small language models and how does it differ from the GPUs, the large language models that we know in the cloud? Yeah, so if you think about the stack representation of Jenny I, I think it's early days of that at the moment, but if you generally think about the things that have been durable as part of architecture or things that have moved, for example, in the early days of the internet, you had key value stores, new databases emerge, you had the web servers emerge, you had application servers, that three tier text type. And almost every wave of new technology, whether it be cloud native or now on Genitive AI, you will see that people are going to sort of reason about infrastructure in these three or four components. So for us on the edge, we're building this intelligent prompt native proxy. So that does the thin layer understanding of what's happening, what users are asking for and how do we construct and change that nuance and complex and unstructured prompt into API semantics that any developer can create and sort of support a new experience, which means that it'd be a drop in replacement for something you would traditionally put in an architecture at the edge, which it has constrained on devices, constrained on memory, constrained on CPU. But what this does means that you have to still do a whole bunch of training, but when you distill the model down or perhaps produce an ensemble model, that you distill it with the objective to be fast, for it to be good at that one thing. And so we're taking that approach that training and an online inference are two separate use cases. On the training side, we'll spend some cycles and making these things distill down to its real core and then enrich the infrastructure. We talked about this intelligent, prompt-native proxy to be able to do a whole bunch of these interesting things for developers and then enable developers to build more meaningful applications that are prompt-native, that are intelligent inherently. So the training side is still slightly slower and expensive, requires GPUs, but the inference side is where I think there's a whole bunch of innovation that's happening and how to pack these smaller lm so they can run faster and cheaper at the edge. The theme of contextualizing and having personalization or customization seem to be the nice two variables that interplay here. Can you give some use case examples of what you guys are seeing as innovation and what you see being enabled by GenAI? Okay, so let's look at the infrastructure views. Let's jump ahead to the future. Connect the dots for us. What are we going to be seeing? What are some of the things that's going to be automated away? Where does AI actually do some work for on our behalf, either to make things more efficient, cost-reduce, or enable revenue? I think I'll focus on revenue because I think people are trying to tend to build new experiences so that their users can interact with them in new and meaningful ways. So if the bet is that everyone is going to move away from these drop-downs and click-through workflows to conversational experiences and how do we help developers harness that potential of a conversational experiences as being sort of core to whatever they're offering. So I'll focus on the revenue aspect of it at the moment and because I think that's more interesting for developers which are like, see if their new idea in GenAI will stick. On that side, it's just at the moment, just making sure that we can rationalize the new stack for them. Of course, the databases such as the embedding databases are going to be inherently intelligent. They tend to compress these vectors to smaller, smaller amounts so they can pick out the right vector embeddings at runtime. And there's going to be a whole bunch of machine learning models that enable that infrastructure to get better and faster over the future. And then you will see that theme across all these infrastructure components that can be used to build a GenAI app, including the front door that we're building, which is how do we use these small LLMs to enrich the developer experiences that they don't have to hire cracked PhD teams? Not everybody needs to do that. So I think that's the first generation of these infrastructure components that are inherently going to be more intelligent and then they'll continue to innovate on compressing the construction or the management of the infrastructure using machine learning. I think that's the next wave. But the first is how do we help every developer construct something that's meaningful so they can take their creative art and put it in front of users so that the users can start experiencing new things using GenAI AI. And that's our focus now and the focus in the future, I think it's going to be using machine learning to further eliminate any management, the scaling and scaling up or scaling down in a more precise way. And I think that's a great example point to highlight. The developers have the power to move fast, but also get proof points and show that validation to go to the next level. I think that's a key point. And I think... Go ahead, please. I think in this age where you see most of the applications are sort of a thin sum really over some documents and that's all you're seeing today. I think the future what you will see is that people can actually perform really interesting tasks that are constrained to the developer's domain. I think that becomes super interesting because at this point, people are just trying to take over the RAG-based application development framework just says, how do we get some basic summary over some documents? And I think that's interesting in the short term perhaps the head turner, but the true experience would be I can do perform critical tasks like updating an ad campaign, asking for insurance updates and then following through and making sure that the insurance has actually applied things of that nature that we actually pick up the phone and talk to an agent or talk to somebody on the other side can accomplish them in a more meaningful way. That's going to come online. I think developers need a lot more help in terms of the infrastructure, intelligent infrastructure to get there. And so now that you're taking care of all that management headache, that heavy lifting, if you will, I wanted to bring the conversation into the data domain. So you're basically thinking it from the customer's perspective, they're now able to spend time focusing on their data, their data quality, their differentiation. How do you see that playing out? What kind of advice would you give customers in terms of how they should get their data act together, thinking of small language models or small data sets, but really precise with unique IP? I think the same thing applies when I was perhaps 10 years ago with AWS. There are certain things that won't change. The desire to build something differentiated won't change. The desire to make sure that you have a clean data set so that you can train your models. Like there are certain things that won't change. And in the same vein that we talked about, focus on your business logic. Focus on things that enable you to have a more differentiated experience and not focus on the muck. I think those things won't change. So data hygiene and data quality are absolutely for any machine learning training. The algorithms perhaps are commodity, but your data is not. And I think if you truly want to think about, I want to get past this POC stage. I want to do a little bit more than a thin summary of our documents. Then you have to approach this whole thing with what are the building blocks I need to be able to do that? So of course, data hygiene is important, making sure that you have the right cure set that you're going to use in train models or use in context learning. And then be able to put this stack together that accelerates your development. I think that's what's missing in the market in general, but I think people are catching up to this idea that we need a stack representation, which gives the developers new powers, but focus on business logic. Yeah, I think you're right. Earlier this morning, we had Walmart on and Uber top and distinguished engineers talking about their system. And these are forward thinking. We also had some hot startups on like your sales and others. There seems to be a trend towards these systems, new kinds of systems that are a compilation of DevSecOps, Advancement, CloudNative, NextGen, Scale, and obviously the generative AI is powering this kind of movement. Uber's been around for a while and you have experienced a lot of the infrastructure side at Oracle and AWS. So the question I have for you, what's your observation on who's building this stuff? Because if you have an end-to-end system, there's no one observability solution that's going to work. There's no one database that's going to work. You're talking about an end-to-end system. You can't just come in and put it. So all the vendors that want to sell stuff to an enterprise, they're like, we had this before, but it doesn't really fit into the new thing because companies have a platform engineering person, a data engineer, an ML ops person, a Kubernetes person, and a DevRel, okay, and a CISO representative. Like six people, like what do you call this group? Is it forming, is it just DevSecOps, platform engineering? Where's this, what are you, how would you? So what we're seeing in the market is that people are getting these autonomous teams put together with budget and they've been giving a little bit of rope to go invent. It very much feels like the early AWS days where developers had been given a little bit more agency and making the choice. And right now it's sort of this really stove pipe tooling approach to everything, which is I got a whole bunch of tools I'm going to cobble together and to do something. So, but to two observations. One is I think people are carving out budget and autonomy so that people can move a little faster. I think that these things will emerge into the workflows that platform engineering teams, DevSecOps teams will have to sort of approve the final bits that go out. But right now we're seeing a whole bunch of, okay, there's a small autonomous group. If we've been given a bit of a charter and a little bit of money, go go build. And do it in a PSE state because we have to get all these other stakeholders in line, but that's just one. But then the other flip side is the emergence of any interesting technology. You're going to have a whole bunch of tooling, but then on the initial forms of this tooling is like these stove pipes that you've got to like merge together and converge. I think you will start seeing more infrastructure play sort of take a very systems approach to this and have an opinionated stack in the early days. Eventually I think the cloud native foundation perhaps will have a, you know, a bit of a role to play in this in terms of standardizing some of these systems as developers, you know, vote with their usage. But you will have these two things in the early days. And as we see some users who are actually delighted by this experience and now you want to take things into production, that's the next way, which is how do you get the DevSecOps people, how do you get, you know, the platform engineering team really bought into the new system and it incorporates the ideas of the past system, perhaps redesigned very differently because prompts are very different and Genai is very different. I think this is going to be a big opportunity for startups and mid-range, B-round, C-round companies that are growing because the older in companies might not have the product to deliver or the professional services. So great opportunity. Let's talk about your company, okay? You guys are at the front end of this wave growth curve. We always say this is two modes.  So, you know, I won't say timing the wave, but if you're riding the wave, you're going to understand the situation. Tell us about your business, what you guys are doing, what you have your eyes on in terms of the value proposition and how you guys are attacking that and what are some of your early deployments look like? Yeah, so in the entire company's thesis is on things that won't change versus things that will change because it's super hard to predict what will change. And I think developers who we are targeting with our infrastructure services, our intelligent infrastructure services, will always want to balance costs with quality. They'll always want to make sure that they have choice, they have control. And so when we think about how we build our business and we create the sort of set of capabilities, we're looking at things that don't think that will change. Meaning, we know at this point, the rate of large language models being introduced to the market is sort of hard to keep up with. So what you would need is something that enables you to sort of test and try these things in production and make it easy for you. As the intelligent, prompt native proxy that we're building has these routing capabilities built in. The model choice and credentials management is super easy. Like people would want control over the experience. So function calling and being able to translate prompts into APIs that are hosted by the developer. Super interesting. That won't change. The desires won't change. But that's what we're focused on on things that won't change and build a business around it. In the early days, we've taken a very perspective view of the type of infrastructure we're gonna build, which is this proxy service, this open source project that's gonna be announced very soon and that uses small language models to harness the full potential of large language models, if you would. And I think that will be the constant bet of this venture which is focusing on what is gonna be perennial. Not what's gonna change tomorrow. And that's frankly speaking infrastructure has to be built that way. It has to have that durability and we just start to play into that and repeat a playbook of the past but design it very differently. So if I'm a customer, I'm a user I have a theCUBE, we have a large, we have a language model small. All the CUBE interviews have ever done. We've got vector embeds, it's got RAG, got retrieval. It's a nice search edge. We link to the videos, it's small. But I was talking to the CEO of Kong, they do a lot of API work and they're like, hey, why don't we build an, you should build an API into the CUBE language model. So, let's just say I did that. How does that work? How do you see that developer? Because I could see a model where developers will call language models as the service and say, I need some B2B talk or maybe some CUBE. It's Kubernetes to spell it properly. Or there's kind of jargon that we might have. So every small language model is domain specific. Well, not all of them, but most of them will be. Yeah, yeah, I think the nature of the beast will be that small models because they don't have a lot of learning parameters will tend to want to focus on a smaller domain. Perhaps a financial domain, infrastructure domain, or what have you and the ability to engineer and deliver these models for the right use case at the right time is going to be a very important challenge in the future. This notion of being able to call into these models and have sort of a marketplace that you can sort of simply be able to spin up the things that you need for that particular use case. And that's certainly interesting. I think there is an emergence for that as people get settled down on use cases. And I think you guys are perhaps ahead in terms of your formulation of the use cases. And there will be a need for that. Today, for example, we're not focused on compute orchestration, which is where this would be. We're focused on sort of data and ingesting that prompt and making sure we make right decisions on behalf of the developer and the user. So I think there's an opportunity, and as you mentioned for startups in general, to look at the space entirely net new and saying, how do we attack it so that we can help the next generation of developers be more productive and successful? And there's going to be folks along this journey that are going to make that more easier on the compute side of things, especially around the access to a small model, precisely trained on specific data. And it's ephemeral because when you donate it, you don't need it. And I think that there's an opportunity to be it for sure that on that particular type of opportunity today, we're just using and training these small models which are specific to domain for natural language understanding, and then enabling developers to build and construct a great gen AI experience that can harness the full potential of these mega models. And Salman, you mentioned you're not focused on compute orchestration, presumably either not your expertise, somebody else is going to solve that, or you feel like that will be solved, or is that a dependency in order for you to have success? I think developers right now tell us they can't ship anything to production. And so if you ask them why, there's a nervousness factor to, oh my God, I'm exposing these end points, but not having any security on adversarial prompted attacks, for example, gosh, I need to make sure that I can balance cost with quality and route to GPT 3.5 versus GPT 4. So they're focused on these more perennial challenges today, and as it sort of emerged from that and saying, you know what, now we're going to train some small models and make sure they're set right next to my access to a very, very large model, then I think you go to the next stage of infrastructure development on behalf of them. You know, the survival of any startup is making sure you pick up the problems that you can solve for developers today. So we're trying our best to go focus on that and build a business around it. But if you ask us in terms of pedigree, yeah, we built these infrastructure systems for 20 years each in the team and over 80, 90 years combined. So we feel like we can do that, but we've just got to focus on one thing in the early days and then focus on the next one and we get an opportunity to serve customers. It's early days and Embriana has a good focus to focus on the developers because you've got to be where they are right now and they are in need to get stuff into production that's coming, you've got to hit their needs now. Final question for the last minute we have left. Talk about your company, give a plug for what you're working on, how long you've been around, what you guys are looking to do, are going to hire, you mentioned this open source project, give a quick plug Solomon for the company. Yeah, totally appreciate that opportunity. So we like to describe the company as operating at the intersection of science and hyperscale. We believe that is going to be how the next generation of infrastructure is going to be built. So if you have a lacking capacity in science, you're really not going to build something interesting or if you just have an over weighted capacity infrastructure, you're not going to be capturing the net new opportunity. So Colonymo operates at this intersection of science and infrastructure and we're building this first layer of this intelligent, prompt native proxy, an open source project which we will make available soon to developers so that we can get started on the journey on inventing the new intelligent infrastructure. In terms of hiring in terms of people, of course, as I mentioned, we have applied scientists on the team. We actually have a professor of AI on the team and we have folks who've built out this type of infrastructure at Microsoft AWS and Lyft and their past lives. I will continue to make sure that we put together these two cohorts and create something magical at the intersection of science and infrastructure. And that's always been 25 plus years of my career of expanded infrastructure. And so I just don't know what else to do. Well, the world needs you right now as AI innovator. We need you. And again, I love the pragmatic approach meet the developers where they are now. You kind of know what's going to happen in the future but you got to kind of get that way to bake out a little bit on that side. But yeah, there's a real need for this infrastructure to evolve faster and reliably too, as well. And again, at scale. So the developers can do the magic and we applaud you and we're on the same vision too. Congratulations and we'll be keeping in touch. And thanks for coming on and contributing to our show today and appreciate your time. All right, thank you so much everybody. I appreciate the time. Okay, thanks David. Here from the founders, we hear from the founders making it happen. They're innovating. We've got the venture capitalists. We've got the big companies who are on the front wave of this on the major growth curve. Of course, SuperCloud 6, we're going to have a wrap up after this live feed right now, after the short break.


Good to see you. Good to see you. Okay, well, all right, look at this far. All right? How about that? That's fantastic. Shows that our ambassador is on the job. On the job, right? Yes. Good. Well, let's come in a second. I understand. Impressive. That's right. Yeah. We decided to do the indoors today. Good. Good. You're in? High school. Still. And I'm golfing this time in Iraq. Whatever. I don't know why. Whatever. Why did that? What did he ask you about? I don't know. I don't know. It's pretty bright. Of course, my officers are saying that this whole corruption in the military industrial complex is a way of life. Do you think so? I mean, is this? Yeah. There's no way I can comment until we know what actually is going on. And I have not only ordered a continued examination or investigation of what has already been going on in the Defense Department. And I'd like to point out that they are the ones that have done or doing an investigation to begin with. I have unmasked them and have an arrangement. They're coming over to give me a full report and bring me up to date. When? That's right. You mean after it's over or an interim report? No. No. The thing, where are we now? How much do we know already? Mr. President, sir, are you happy to hear, sir, that members of Congress might not in fact be targeted to the investigation? Again, I'm waiting on that. It seems to be too conflicting. Stupor is out there. Mr. President, the revised economic forecast shows that the economy is out, inflation is ticking up a little bit, and we have the drought. Do you have any feelings about whether we should be worried about a new round of inflation? No. And I don't think we should. As a matter of fact, the report that came out this morning is simply an adjustment of the previous figures. They usually do that. They give you a previous figure on things and then readjust wherever necessary. And no, all the evidence shows us that our recovery is going on and no, there is no great threat of inflation. It stands, I think it's something like 3.7%. What about the budget deficit? Should we worry about another group to get in? Yes, you're in another group. And our visitors group, so I think we should. Cameras, this way, please. This way, please. Are you sorry you didn't get to go to Australia? I didn't go to Australia. But yes, I am. They would like to have said that. I'm very sorry. You had to go there. Some of our people in my great shock know what that cattle station and it showed me the tank room and it was filled with motorcycles. You've gone ahead of us there. We're still alive in the horses. Thanks, please. Thank you. This way, please. Thank you very much. You know about the gallon. This way, please. Well, all right, let's get it on. Thank you very much. Thank you. We're our ranchers.  You've got them in Australia, that's where it came from. Kangaroo crossing. Warning the traffic. That souvenir I brought back from my Australian trip. Well, listen, I appreciated your thoughtful suggestions before Toronto. We had an excellent exchange of views and made considerable progress across the board there. Some people like to shortchange these songs to say that nothing is accomplished, but I've now been to eight of them and it was my last one. Only Margaret Petcher's been to more of them than I have. And she wants to attend still more. And I'm convinced the meeting's due because I'll present results over time. The day is over. Give us some reports on that, but I defer to you right now and we must have some things in your agenda. Well, it's a time, quite an extended time, to making available to me and my colleagues. We've met on several occasions now and I guess that this will be the last occasion that we meet while you're president. And I would like to say at the outset to you. Later, you've been up there about a drop belt and it's going to be your turn. President, I didn't... Can you talk about the ground? Yeah. It was just that I was waiting for a report and what he found out there that looks like we're not going to be very competitive, you know, Margaret's different. Yeah, that's correct. I come from Margaret Photo, which is a spring week that's in the area. That's a very tough shape. They'll lose about 65% or better. The Prime Minister, you asked about the Indonesian... Yep. ...P.E.K. and let me tell you that we have, as long as there is no current plan to go forward with the next one.