Welcome back, the Senate has amended the Terrorism Prevention Act 2013 by prohibiting payment of ransom to kidnappers in the country. The amendments are contained in the Terrorism Prevention Act 2013 Amendment Bill 2022 passed by the Senate on Wednesday following the consideration and adoption of the report by the Committee on Judiciary Human Rights and Legal Matters. The Committee's Chairman, Senator O'Pay, Mi'Bamidili, who laid the report before the House, said in his presentation that the bill seeks to outlaw the payment of ransom to abductors, kidnappers and terrorists for release of any person who had been wrongfully confined, imprisoned or kidnapped. A president of Senate Ahmed Lawan said the proposal would complement the federal government's efforts in the fight against insecurity when it is signed into law by President Muhammad Al-Buhari. Now joining us to discuss this is former Assistant Director of the DSS, Dennis Amakri, and we are also joined by Chairman of the Christian Association of Nigeria, Kaduna State Chapter, Reverend Joseph Hayab. Gentlemen, thank you very much for your time. Good evening. Thank you for having us. We'll start with Reverend Hayab, who has joined us from Kaduna State. The reason is that Kaduna State has been the recipient or has suffered several terror attacks in recent times. And of course, these terror attacks have been accompanied with kidnappings and ransom has been paid. We can look at the schools and the school students who were kidnapped and parents have to pay the ransom and all that. Reverend Hayab, is this a welcome development as far as you're concerned? Well, one of the big challenges we've always had with the way policy makers or legislators come about with laws is that they used to put this second thing first instead of the first thing first. To my mind, the most important thing that should have been done is to address the situation at the moment we are facing. We have, as I speak to you, 30 days ago, 62 or over 62 Nigerians were kidnapped by those who attacked the train, Kaduna train. 17 women are still with the, when the terrorists, four kids are still with the terrorists, 42 men are still with the terrorists, all together 62. One student of the Burrito Baptist High School is still with bandits and you can name numbers of people who are still with bandits. We've really not done enough to rescue these people and bring them home and we are now coming up with a law that we want to send whoever pay ransom to bandits, 15 years in jail, then the bandits die. You've not even arrested any to show us that there is enough effort to stop banditry, to stop terrorism and you are bringing law. I don't think they understand these things at all because when your loved one is involved in this, then you will understand what is happening. I remember early this morning, a group of people came to me because a pastor, his daughter and one of his members have been kidnapped. They kidnapped us after a long negotiation, except to collect 900,000 from the family. When they collected that money, they released the pastor, they kept his daughter and one of his members. And now they requested that these people should go and buy a particular type of motorcycle as ransom before they will release the other two. They went, they went, paid money and someone went and bought the motorcycle on his way coming to Kaduna yesterday evening, afternoon, security stopped him, collected the motorcycle and they came thinking that I told them what can we do. But you see, I understand their parents. I understand what they are going through. When I was speaking to them, they said, sir, you can see our father just came back. Our daughter, our sister is still with the bandit. The other person is still with the bandit. Now they may have reported to security. Nobody had made serious effort to rescue those people with the bandit. And now you are saying that if they give bandit money, you will. Yes, of course, we would have loved it to be like that. But have we done enough to stop banditry, to stop kidnapping, to stop all these terrorism going on in our land before we put that low? Or we just want to put that low where we are doing nothing and so many souls are there suffering in the hands of this criminal. This is where I find this bill quite, quite, quite, quite not placed in the right time or in the right position. Now, though the bill still will need to go to the House of Representatives, I would definitely speak out and ask the House of Representatives not to concur with this bill because it is not yet time. All right, Mr. Makri, your thoughts on this. You've had the reverend who said it's not the right time to do this. As far as you can send for the security situation in Nigeria, is this a welcome development? Well, I agree with the reverend that this law is actually putting the card before the House because you should do things according to, according to the sequence in which things happen. Now, I have been, my position alone for years has been a case of a military ransom period. I don't believe in ransom period because when they collect the money, they use the money to go and buy more arms and then, of course, it strengthens them to even start attacking our military and security forces. So this law itself is good. I think I appreciate what they are trying to do, but I think they are doing it at the wrong time, just like the reverend said because if you don't, first of all, you have to make sure that if you are telling the society not to pay ransom, it means only one thing, don't pay ransom. If any of your people are taking hostage, the government will guarantee to bring them back. Now, the government has not guaranteed that if you don't pay ransom, your people will be brought back.  We still have Chibong girls, you know, and you are saying that, look, the families, and that was what we were talking about earlier about the Kaduga, Buja, the real explosion thing, whereby the ministry of transportation and the railway should be setting up a desk to make sure that at least the families are taking care of, well, we said taking care of them, if the public doesn't know what is going on so that they are not agitated or necessarily, secondly, taking some of these people at their bread with us, and that's how international standards, that's the benchmark in making sure that these families are taking care of taking what the hostages would release. All right, all right. So if you don't do it, what happens? The MD of the Hagrid Bank has gone ahead and they've paid his money and come out. Ordnance don't have that kind of money. So government should think at the level of the Otbaribai to make sure that when we put laws, those laws are going to be effective because if we leave it the way it is, I don't think that law is going to be effective. Dennis Amakri, you started by saying that you are ordinarily against payment of ransom to criminals, to terrorists, to bandits, to kidnaps, whatever. Why? Hello? Yes. What is the reason behind this, your original stance of being against payment of ransom to criminals? Why do I say that? Yes, why are you against it? It's very apparent. It's very apparent. How can you fuel the person that is fighting you? You are fighting with an enemy. You have AK-47, he has AK-47. You keep shooting at each other.  It does not make any sense. So there is no need. Every responsible government will not do that. I know that there are situations where you negotiate with terrorists. It's not only by money. I know where Israel has negotiated with Egypt to get the body of a dead soldier by releasing about hundreds of the Egyptians that were arrested or were caught during the war. So there are many ways of negotiating, but terrorists will always want to deal with you in terms of money because they lead the money and if you push money to them, you know, it becomes a bazaar where they can do whatever they like. All right. Reverend Hyab, you've listened to Deniz Amarki tell us basically that he's likened the parents of ransom to fueling your enemy. And are you still, have you been able to have a change of mind listening to him talk on your opposition? I actually didn't say that I'm in support of paying ransom. I quite agree that paying ransom is actually even suicidal. The fact is that the terrorists and bandit terrorizing us have become strong because of the money that they've gotten. When they kidnapped the Baptist high school students, they got over 250 million from the school and the parents. And when they also attacked the train, they got 100 million from just one victim. Now they believe that they will get more and more and more hundreds of millions and that's why they are crazy. They are talk speaking to Nigeria as if they own this country. As if we don't even have a government. They flanked the pictures of these people to provoke the families and because they realize that we're so paying ransom is not right. But what we're just saying is that before you met a law and said that whoever pay ransom should go for 15 years in jail, what measures have you put in place that will even make it difficult for the bandit too? And if they touch anybody, you will go after them to show the people that you are there. Why people are paying ransom is simply because they realize that if their loved one is there, they can report several times. I have had experience. I'm not speaking the stories people are saying. When we go to the SSS, when we go to the police, when we go to the military, they will even tell us that keep negotiating with them and buy time. And if you continue to follow that advice, you will negotiate with them for the next 10 months, for the next 20 months, you are buying time because there is never a time that you keep negotiating and they tell you, oh, thank God that today we've arrested the man that you are negotiating with. So we keep negotiating and we have to pay before our loved one will come back and no arrest. So that's why people are paying for ransom. So we want to stop ransom. But what do we do first before we stop paying for ransom? Gentlemen, gentlemen, you seem to be on the same page here. But the Senate itself has cannot go fight the terrorists or the bandits. The Senate itself cannot go rescue these victims from the forests. They cannot, they're not equipped to do that. You've seen in times past Reverend that the members of the National Assembly, Senate and House of Reps have invited service chiefs to come and answer questions. So the oversight is there. I mean, probably this is the least they can do. This is much they can do to prevent money flowing into the hands of the enemy on the apartheid's legislative body. You see, the Senate are representative of the people. And when the Senate are making law, they make the law for the people. And the issue we are talking about is depends the people are going through. Whatever may be the conversation between the Senate and the chief security officers, the Senate must understand that they are talking about the people for years now. Money has been given to these security men. What have they exactly done to stop this evil? You know, sometimes in this country when you talked about security, those who are by privilege of office, or in particular office in security, we just think that you know nothing since you are not part of it. I believe security is about people. Security is about everybody. Security is not just an exclusive job of some individuals. So they need us, we need them. The role they play, we also have a role to play. If we don't do that, I speak because, okay, just the same, this morning again I hosted a large contingent of the police community relations committee. And we had this kind of conversation. How do we work together to help our security agents? But when the National Assembly are making laws and they fail to understand what is hitting on us, they fail to understand the pains we are going through. And there is no evidence out there to show that, look, if we come up with this law, then now all is well. That's why we are saying before you make law, think about the people and also call for the impute of the people. I am not sure that the National Assembly or the Senate particularly have really called for the impute of the people. But because, as I've said, this bill is not over. The federal representative needs to also come up and discuss this. So that means we just have an opportunity to correct where it is wrong so that the final copy of this bill will not just be this 15-year sentence if you pay money, but also if those in power fail to deliver our own, who has been kidnapped? What do we do to them? Dennis and Markry, sometimes, you're from the intelligence community, the defense sector, we won't call it that. Sometimes it may take, and I'm saying this as a layman who has no training in that aspect, apart from what I read, what I hear, what I watch, sometimes it may take, would I be right to say sometimes it may take a while for a rescue operation to be successfully carried out? And is there an element of impatience on the part of the families or the victims, or a bit of fear?  And that panic makes them to, even before the authorities can get the acts together to plan a safe rescue, they go pay this money. Is that something that can play out? Yeah, very, very correct. Your assumption is correct. And I have been very much involved with cases like this, many of them. And that's why I was saying that there is need when hostages are taken, that the responsible authority, in this case we are talking of Nigerian Railway Corporation. Nigerian Railway Corporation should go ahead and set up in conjunction with the state government if possible, a desk where they will be briefing the hostage families, the family of the hostages, and the general public on a daily basis, on a daily basis, because we need to know. And that will lessen the anxiety of the families. That way, at least they are aware, they are aware, they are getting information. And then of course they will go ahead and take care of them in case they have problems. Now, there is another area that we have forgotten. And that is about hostage negotiation. It's a total specialty or its own. And I'm very, very sure if we have the police people, they should be able to tell us if they have. In fact, I was surprised to hear from Reverend, Reverend, I have that the security agencies were telling them that you go ahead and negotiate. You don't allow the families to negotiate. You don't allow, that is not done. And you don't allow the hostage himself to negotiate. Negotiate is released because emotions are involved. That's why you will have a specialist, either in the SSS or in the police, who is a negotiator? Who will be out there to negotiate with them? And they will negotiate to level where they will agree on something. Like I said earlier, it doesn't have to be money because the negotiation has to be, you know, concerning other things. If it is money, usually, like other countries will do, they don't deal directly with money, with any hostage. They can decide to use a third party. All right, Jen, we have to go, and these are some of the dynamics, you know, that may you are saying, you know, families should never negotiate with the terrorists. And I think you're all saying that, yes, and if you are against the payment of ransom, but some things need to be put in place, indeed, we have a list of all the amounts that have been paid, or most of them, it runs into hundreds of millions of Naira, if not billions of Naira, including some that have been paid by government, allegedly, as reported by the World Street Journal. But we'll have some other time for this conversation. I want to thank you for your time. Dennis Makri, former assistant director of the DSS, and of course, Reverend Joseph Hayab of the Christian Association of Nigeria in Kalina State. Gentlemen, thank you very much for your time. Thank you very much. Thank you too for having us, thank you. And that's a sizable package, some breaking news coming in tonight. The federal lawmaker and governorship aspirant in River State, Farah Dagogo, has been arrested by the police. He was arrested at the PDP governorship screening venue in Pothacket while he was there to be screened. He was earlier declared wanted by Governor Yosem Wike for allegedly disrupting the screening exercise which he earlier denied. Of course, Farah has been very, very vocal against what he says is the high-handedness of Governor Wike of River State. So look at this, I'm sure, subsequently on this program. Thanks for joining us. My name is Kofi Patels. See you tomorrow.


After thousands of years of collective exploration of a whole variety of phenomena that were apparently very different, people realised that they were actually all electric and magnetic phenomena, and that indeed electricity and mangasm were very strongly connected as well. They realised that it was all based on charge, that charges made electric fields, and electric fields applied forces to charges. They realised that moving charges made magnetic fields, and magnetic fields applied forces to moving charges. And Faraday found also that changing magnetic fields would make an electric field. And then James Clark Maxwell got all the data that everyone else had collected, and all the laws they'd discovered, and tried to make one integrated theory for electromagnetism. So we should adjust our summary here. We know that electric fields are made by charges and changing B fields. Remember, Faraday discovered this experimentally, but we motivated by thinking about what would happen if we had a moving coil and a stable magnet, or a moving magnet and a stable coil. And we thought they should do the same thing. And so we discovered there was actually a problem with electromagnetism the way it was. And in exactly the same way, Maxwell looked at the equations for electricity and magnetism, and put them in as detailed a form as he possibly could, and he noticed there was an actual problem with them. They were definitely wrong. And in facing that problem, what he did was he added the fact that magnetic fields could also be made by changing electric fields. And this had the effect of restoring the symmetry to electromagnetism, and it made the theory actually self-consistent. It had an extra effect, and that was, he looked at those equations and he saw, well, if I have a changing electric field, I'm going to make a B field, and if I have a changing B field, I'm going to make an electric field, hey, wait a minute, these can propagate. And so we could have an electric field making a magnetic field, and then a magnetic field making an electric field, and he discovered there was actually a wave solution. So the fields themselves would make one another in an unending wave that would just head off into the distance. And he carefully worked out the speed of that wave, and he discovered that the speed of that wave was the speed of light. Now of course that wasn't a coincidence, and Maxwell was smart enough to realize that. He'd figured out the speed of these electromagnetic waves based only on properties that people discovered in a lab about electricity and magnetism. So the permutivity and Coulomb's constant together would be enough to give you the speed of the wave. And he found out that it came out to be the speed of light which he had not thought about at all up to that point. And so suddenly he realized, oh my goodness, I know what light is. I mean, in fact, there's the story that that's how he proposed to his girlfriend, Catherine. He took her out and showed her the night sky and the starlight coming down on them and said, Catherine, I'm the only person in the entire world who knows what that starlight really is. Will you marry me? Now of course that could have gone two ways, but fortunately history shows that in this case it was successful, and she married him. His revised theory of electromagnetism was also unbelievably successful. It explained the existence and nature of visible light, infrared radiation, x-rays and more, showing how they were all the same thing. It drove the discovery of special relativity, and the theory lasted all the way through to the discovery of quantum mechanics, and even since then it's still a great description of electromagnetism for nearly all practical purposes. So unlike most other ways you might be aware of, electromagnetic waves travel in the vacuum. They don't need any medium to travel in. It's just an electric field making a magnetic field and vice versa. They can be of any frequency or wavelength they like. Remember that the speed is related to the frequency and the wavelength in a very simple way. And so the speed of all electromagnetic waves is the speed of light, but they can have any frequency, and then once you know the frequency, you get a wavelength or vice versa. The light that we're most familiar with, visible light, starts at a wavelength of around about 700 nanometers for red light, and goes down to something like 400 nanometers for violet light. But in fact that's a very small part of the spectrum that is interesting to us and that we deal with every day in fact, because in the region from that 700 nanometers all the way down to something like a millimeter, that whole region is called the infrared. It's called that for the not imaginative name that the frequencies are below the red frequencies, and the reason that's so important to us is that that's what we're all emitting. At the kind of temperatures you find on Earth, around about 300 Kelvin, that's the main kind of radiation that everything emits. And so you're emitting that, I'm emitting that, that's why some animals can see further into the infrared, because that's a very handy thing if you want to figure out where all the animals are. We see in this visible range because that's the main frequencies that the sun's emitting, and so we can see reflected light from the sunlight most easily in that range. Above the violet there's another band called, well I guess this isn't very imaginative either, we call it the ultraviolet. And this goes up to wavelengths of something like a nanometer. And though the sun peaks largely in the visible light there's still a fair bit of infrared radiation coming off it, and indeed quite a lot of ultraviolet, and this is a little bit tough on our skin and so we have to hide from that. Well above that we have a large band that's called the X-rays. And this might go up to something like a wavelength of a picometer. So very high frequencies indeed if you work out what those frequencies have to be. They're originally called X-rays because when they were discovered no one knew what they were. But it wasn't that long before people realized that this was just yet another kind of electromagnetic radiation fully described by Maxwell's theory. And then above that we have gamma rays. And gamma rays span all the frequencies above that. They can be made lots of different ways. One of the most common ways on earth is by nuclear processes. Now down below the infrared there is all sorts of interesting radiations we use. There's the microwaves. And there the wavelengths go all the way up to about a meter. And these are what's used in microwave ovens. They're also what's used in some kinds of communication. And then down there we also have television, radio, Wi-Fi. All those kinds of waves are also electromagnetic waves. And below that you have the long wave radio.


Many of you are aware of me and my vending machine farming for those rare triple prefix shields and grenades. Upon farming for weeks, I have come across some seriously interesting grenades though which I promised in a video last week I'd bring you some of my favourite finds. Today I bring you guys 5 amazing grenades. How's it going people my name is DPJ and today I bring you another BR3 video. If you do enjoy leaving a like really helps out and subscribe if you want to see more. Now the build I am using to showcase these grenades is my soon to come Mayhem 3 Zen grenade build. I've worked on it since and mayhem 4 was dropped trying to perfect it, so stay tuned for it people it will be coming within the next week. So grenades, obtainable from across the board. But the fastest way to find those amazing variants, the epic variants, is to farm vending machines. Now I've uploaded what has to be the best vending machine farm in the game which I will link in the video description for those interested who missed it when I initially posted it.  These ain't for the most part triple prefix grenades, these are a mix and match of all which create an amazing outcome and that's what we have for you today. So let's check out some of my amazing finds. Ok so in at number 5 we have the Nuke, Mervtacular Exploder. Now this grenade like all I showcased today was found in a vending machine. Yes it can be world drops but like I said vending machines are a much quicker way in farming them. So this nuke mervtacular exploder we can see spawns 6 merv grenades, but consumes up to 2 grenades increasing damage by 50% each. And yes people what that means is, this grenade right here spawns in with each grenade through 6 nukes. Like what? Now I will straight up say, although this thing is capable of some serious damage output, it's better in my opinion against mobs of grouped up enemies and not in reality a single target. Due to the 6 mervs spreading out and the 6 nukes in turn, in reality not hitting the same target, unless that is of a giant size, it isn't the most efficient in single target damage, but even still it still makes for a super fun and efficient grenade. Obviously though we're not far enough against enemies immune to the element it offers.  So throw them, stand back and watch the fireworks. But yes guys the nuke mervtacular exploder is number 5 on my list today. So let's move on to the next stock we have the roided barrage contact exploder. Now this grenade with its artillery and flame perks sees it firing both bullets and incendiary bursts and because it also has roider it gets an increased 20% grenade damage. Now this like any grenade feature today, in reality well for my build anyway I'm looking for the annoyement of our grenade thrown, weapon grenade and action skill damage are increased by 25% for 6 seconds. I mean if you ain't looking for a certain annoyement this is the one you want to keep your eyes peeled for. So what this grenade does is let off some incredible steam upon throwing it and if you are fighting up against those fleshy enemies the damage is truly great. I also love the impact prefix also as a direct hit guarantees damage is being laid down for sure. Now using this with my grenade build truly means I can create a spectacular sight and it's just so fun to watch. Now the artillery and flame prefixes in my opinion are overlooked slightly but they shouldn't be and it won't be the last you see them within this top 5 or future top 5s. Okay so we're going to move on and next up we have another nuke variant this time being called the nuke splitter exploder. This one having prefixes of exploder, rain, mini mirth and nuke and what this does is create a total of 9 plus nukes per grenade thrown which is just utterly crazy and the damage this thing is capable of is ludicrous but it does in reality suffer the same problem the first nuke grenade we covered suffered. Dealing damage to a single target unless it's the size of a house really isn't plausible although it's possible it isn't plausible. This wouldn't be an effective grenade if you're looking for a single target damage grenade but in saying that going up against most other enemies this grenade truly becomes your friend. Its capabilities are amazing and it's also quite fun to watch. Although a lot of the time those rain mirth drop it's still a spectacle to witness. Same rules apply to this grenade though be careful as those nukes are relentless and it don't care if it's you they are damaging they really hurt. So yes guys the nuke splitter exploder is free on my list. Okay so next up guys we have the elemental monsoon contact grenade and straight away you notice flamer is back. This one a little more deadlier though. This one having the prefixes of impact, rain, flamer and elemental damage so as it says it launches up and fires through grenades down around it each burning those flamer bursts which are amazing and also have plus 20% elemental damage and 85% chance and in reality is actually as good as it looks on paper. I have had super fun with this grenade and it almost was at that number one spot for me. Again fleshy enemies don't stand a chance but in truth it's pretty decent everywhere I've used it unless coming across enemies immune to incendiary damage but I haven't yet so it hasn't let me down yet. Now I did have one quite similar to this wasn't identical prefix wise but it was quite similar after in cryo but it just didn't have the same effect for what I was looking for with my build and the way my build works but if it was a cryo build a cryo build based around grenades it would have been incredible you never know I may just feature it in another video we will see. So yes this elemental monsoon contact grenade is an epic epic variant what I do insist you keep in your eyes peeled for if grenades are something you enjoy using. Okay so we're going to move on and lastly people also the best grenade feature today in my opinion is nothing other than a mirth cluster fx bloder. Now this epic grenade does come in various different elements each being as brutal as the next obviously depending where you use them. We can see the prefixes here our exploder, mirth, mirth and mini mirth. What this does indeed do is per single grenade throw it creates 25 or more grenades from one single throw they just keep going off I mean it was harder for me to actually count them originally way back when when I originally covered this I actually got it wrong I was counting 19 missing the original six but upon slowing it down there are 25 grenades in total from a single throw from one grenade consumption and yes this does come after in all elements two people so there's literally one for every build out there so you aim you fire and you witness something crazy. Now using this with my zane build I can truly say I don't think I've had so much fun and as you can see on screen now this grenade is just utterly wild especially when spammed. Now I wouldn't say on paper it's the most powerful feature today but power isn't everything it's got a lot cool too. Now we'll state like I mentioned earlier having one with the anointment I look for on our grenades which is the one this one has I would 100% feel would be definitely beneficial to you and your build so unless you are looking for a particular anointment for you and your build this is the one to look out for in my opinion not just on this grenade on any grenade featured today so yeah guys the mirth cluster epic sploder is a grenade of today a truly unique one-off epic which is both amazing to use and crazy to watch work so keep an eye out for this in a vending machine near you people. Now guys I do have countless other grenades on all characters I will go through them and see what I found could be some interesting finds there for sure I find anything interesting obviously you'll see here on my channel if you have any other decent grenade I haven't mentioned today but you feel should be mentioned let me know what at least down below in that comments section and I will keep an eye out for it while farming especially if it's a grenade you've tried out yourself and you think works wonders now looking back at the five I've covered today people ain't saying they're the best five grenades in the game the best five epic grenades in the game they're just about five of about 30 I've tested which I truly fell in love with and that's why I brought this video there's no doubt hundreds more out there which I would indeed love just as much so when another five com people you'll catch them featured right here on my channel but on that note we have come to the end if you guys did enjoy the video leaving a like really helps me out if you're new around here want to see more borderlands be sure to subscribe and if you never want to miss a video upload can turn notifications on by hitting that bell button but guys thanks as always for stopping by hopefully you enjoyed the video and hopefully I will see you on that next one