Hi. Today, I would like to talk about an area, a part of Lender that has been a bit of mixed feelings in the community because it wasn't put to use until now. It was added a few weeks ago, months ago even, and it wasn't used. This is a status bar, this bar at the bottom of Lender that is sort of like the global top bar, but it's meant to house like stats and help and basically work around the context where you are and give you nice useful information, but until now it was completely empty. So yes, understandable. It was more annoying than helping, but there are two changes that happened yesterday. One of them is now more narrow, less tall actually, so it uses less space and it's actually showing some information now more than just the statistics of your file. So at the bottom we see that it has the stats just like before, but now it has three sections on the left side that are for their context sensitive and show you what you can do with your mouse, what you can do with the left click, middle click, and right click. And also what happens if you track. So it's a great help if you're learning, but also if you just need to remember what you're doing and to discover new things. So if you're in the 3D viewport with your mouse on and if you have left mouse, right click select, the default, you will see that it says okay, so the 3D Corsair, set 3D Corsair, first then rotate view with the middle click and then it will say activate select for the right click. This is, this will change of course if you have left click select, if you're one of those crazy people, you see it has the left mouse for selection and then it's the opposite for setting the Corsair. So that is respected of course and it also changes when you have modifiers pressed. So if you're doing, for example, if I hold shift, I will have mode view with the middle mouse button. If I hold control, I will have lasso select. So then instead of just doing the action, you can actually read beforehand, then you don't do zoom with the middle click and then alt also shows you the activate select. This is context sensitive, so it also works depending on which editor you are. In the text editor, we'll show you some things. In the node editor, it will show you other things, such as for example if you want to control, if you hold shift or if you hold control and then start drawing. This for example doesn't show that you can cut but that is just a matter of taking the operators to say like okay, this one maybe is not very clear, so we can just tweak the operators to show that you can control and draw a line to cut the wires. So this is a bit of a case-by-case but in general it's I think it's a great great help because then that way it's a bit more helpful and in the future it could also have more bigger tooltips. So for the time being another thing that is being put there is the instructions for some operators or when you're for example rotating the information that it will used to be displayed in the 3d viewport header now is displayed on the status bar which I think it's much better because if you had like a small viewport or just a very narrow one and you had tools for example if you have let's go to the cube and for example the look at select has these nice instructions that say select a ring to be cut use mouse wheel if you are doing like shift F for navigation you have this very long description about what you can do this has to be like the text has to be improved but at least it now fits I have the the interface a bit bigger here but in a 1080 in a regular size window it should fit if you are here and then I do shift F then it fits so of course the text can be shorter the LMB can be replaced with an icon so it can still be improved but at least it doesn't show up anymore in the in the header of the 3d view which it would depend on how big your 3d view was so that's another big improvement it also shows notifications so for example this one is popping out right under me and I think that needs to be a bit more clear we need to show the notification somewhere else or more prominent because when we hide like if you choose to hide the status bar it's not possible now but if you choose to hide the status bar which will be possible then where do you show notifications you know we have to show them somewhere so maybe we can think about where to put them like on a website that it appears in a corner somewhere so yeah this is all being worth this right now in the Blender 2.8 branch so go try it and a little addendum to what I showed yesterday in the video of the quick menus some people were asking hey doesn't it doesn't work to add modifiers so for example if I add a Boolean modifier here or like let's see something like mask modifier you can actually do it and you can add it to the favorites but it's gonna it depends on the on the editor that you're in so Q works here to work to add the modifier but work around maybe we can see a way to solve this is maybe corner case but work around to do this it's just just use search and use modifiers for example search for the for the add modifier operator and then you can just add it from here so I can add for example array I can add the subserve and meter so if I have my mesh I can from here just press Q and then meter subserve array so all from the viewport without I can do a full screen without actually entering and it's that is pretty pretty useful the same I've been using it today for for notes so for example I use some notes a lot so like the color ramp I use it all the time or just some textures that you're a fan of and you have to go and dig through it you can just add it right click from the menu right and add it to the quick menu and then you can just press Q and add all the color ramps you ever wanted and it works all over the place you can do it here for like example if you have some specific setting that you want to use on your on your on your Q menu you can just add it there so in the case of for example the exclude option is a bit hidden here and it's really useful when you're setting up your view layers maybe we can expose it better but that that's one case or for example for some edge data that is now in this menu you can choose the ones that you use more often so for example mark scene mark sharp and freestyle and then they will appear here when you're in edit mode because it's more dependent so okay this video was about the status bar now I made it a little bit into their quick favorites but I just wanted to share this go play with blender 2.8 and if you want to support it join the the blender development fund or join the blender cloud either way we're gonna make a better video with it because now I'm not even showing like links or anything just just mentioning that you can still support the code quest when it ends the day after tomorrow the code quest ends but the development continues I will see you again and the videos will continue to its own stop saying that whatever what happens what happens I'm gonna make more videos don't worry on development continues to happen so I will I want to stay in up to date so I'm gonna make videos just to learn and to share with the world this is these videos I'm proven to work a lot very well for blender as PR and also to keep people updated I will see you again in the next video yes


The MBTA announced on November 9th a series of extensive service cuts they plan to implement starting in 2021 as a response to loss of revenue caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed plan will impact all services and will save the MBTA a projected $130 million. This will affect me a lot personally. Loss and subway services will be reduced under the proposed plan which will cut several stations and routes. Community rail will no longer be available during weekends and ferry services will be eliminated entirely. I think that it feels like cutting the arteries out of Boston. Mayor Marty Walsh has spoken out against the MBTA's plan and the agency received a lot of backlash from advocacy groups. It seems so strange to make these cuts now in December when maybe three months down the road things will look much different. The MBTA said it is now planning to increase fares and that most changes won't be permanent. The agency said it's open to the public's feedback and will host a series of public meetings throughout the month of November. The MBTA will vote on the proposed plan on December 7th and changes will be implemented in summer 2021. For BUTV10, I am Claudia Chiapa.


Now the topic at hand is is the transfer of energy within and on the planet. And we like to look at it in terms of the four spheres that people speak about, the geosphere, the biosphere, the atmosphere and the hydrosphere. And each of those have their cycling of energy within them. And what's interesting to me is that there's really only a few ways to move energy. We either do it through conduction, through radiation, or through convection. And so all of those things are what we see on the planet and they all interact in weird and wonderful ways. And let's start with the geosphere where the major thing going on is convection. And that is because the core is extremely hot. And so the mantle, which we've talked about in the past, is not molten. It's a viscous solid material. If it was molten, we would have sunk and we wouldn't be here. But it's a viscous solid. And so that all of that heat that has to get out of the core, which is there because of the initial heat of making the planet and because of radioactivity. So we have continuous radioactive decay. So we're sitting at a big nuclear power plant and it's generating all this heat and that heat's getting its way out. As it does that, we have plumes coming from the core mantle boundary and rising up. Those things are then cooling and that sets up convection. The other part of the convection is that as the plates are subducted, they're taking cold material down. So convection is very simple. We see it on many different scales. Things get heated up. They become less dense. So they rise. Once they get up somewhere, they cool off. They get more dense and they sink. So it's a circulation system. It's the pot boiling on the stove. So the mantle is convecting. That's part of the plate tectonic story. And the plate tectonics subduction and forming new crust and heat that comes out of the planet to the surface is really only seen in a couple of places. One is at divergent boundaries, where we're making new crust with the salt coming up into the ocean. That's putting heat out. The other is at subduction zones where we have arc magmas coming up. Those magmas carry a lot of heat. So we look at a heat map of the planet just thinking about the geosphere. We see it along the middle ocean ridges and we see it at the volcanic arcs. And that is transferred, certainly. But it's not a big part of where we live. We don't necessarily notice the heat of that. That's because we live on a continent that's quite thick, 50 to 80 kilometers thick. And it's a good insulator. So in general, we don't see that heat. However, we do see radiative heating from the sun. And that's the major story if we get out of the planet and onto the surface. And that means that whatever their sunlight, if we get plenty of it, it'll warm up and you can get quite hot, as I'm sure we all know. That then sets up convection because once you heat air up, then it gets less dense and it rises and then it goes up and cools and sinks. So we have convection going in the atmosphere. And so those are the two main processes along with conduction, which means if you heat something, the heat will go through it. So you heat the soil up and the soil will warm up from the radiative heating from the sun. And that will be conducted through the earth. So what's interesting is, we talk about the geothermal gradient, how fast it gets hot as you dig into the earth. That's an interesting thing because if you go outside and you start digging a hole, it will initially get colder as you dig the hole. That is because of the war, the radiative heating from the sun. Once we get our way from the sun, it gets quite cold on there. So if you want to store vegetables or wine or anything to keep it for a long time, you put it in a cellar. And so that means we're getting away from the radiative heating. And if we keep digging, eventually it'll start to warm up because we'll get into the heating from the geosphere, from the mantle. And so that sort of sets up this idea that the atmosphere is convecting and circulating, and the oceans have this incredibly complex circulation pattern, where we have upper streams moving this way, and then deep cold water, and places where those things up well, like off the coast of Peru, there's great fishing because they bring up all that deep water and all the fish go bonkers. All of the cycling of the oceans is happening, and what's interesting is, it's always changing. So as the continents have moved and changed, and as the planet has evolved, the plate tectonics are breaking the super continents up, the circulation changes, and it will change again. And so some places will be different. It'll affect the weather, because as you know, when you're near the coast, if it's warm water or water, water or cold water, it affects the temperature of where you live. But the oceans, the hydrosphere, they're circulating like crazy. The atmosphere, it's convecting like crazy. And then of course in the biosphere, we're mostly dealing with heat from the sun, and then of course critters living it and burrowing it and things like that. And so this cycling is mostly within the spheres, but the spheres do overlap a bit by mostly convection.


Alright, let's take a look at a couple of different methods of factoring, and one of the most important methods of factoring is based on the difference of squares, and one approach is the following. If I want to factor some large number n, what I can do is I can try and find a perfect square, b squared, where if I add n and b squared, I get another perfect square. And why is that useful? Well, I can rearrange things, and it's going to be the difference of two squares, and the difference of squares factors, and so here is a factorization a minus b times a plus b, whose product is equal to n. And so I want to find a and b, and the efficient way of looking for what those are is I can look at the values of n plus a perfect square, and see if any of those are also perfect squares. For example, suppose I wanted to factor 2,491. So I can look at 2491 plus a perfect square for k equals 1, 2, 3, and so on. So I add 1 squared, I get 2492, and one thing that is nice to do, we don't really have to do this, but it makes our job a little bit easier when we're doing this by hand. In a base 10 system, a perfect square has to end in 0, 1, 4, 5, 6, or 9. So that means any number that ends in 2 can't possibly be a perfect square, so I'll ignore it and move on to the next. 2491 plus 2 squared is 2495, which could be a perfect square, but it isn't. So we'll move on to the next one. 2491 plus 3 squared is 2,500, which is definitely a perfect square. It's 50 squared, and so that gives me the option of writing 2491 as 50 squared minus 3 squared, and then that right-hand side factors, and my number is a product of 4753. Well, there's a couple of nice algebraic simplifications that we can take advantage of. One useful algebraic fact is the k plus 1 squared is k squared plus 2k plus 1, and what this means is I can find the square of any number by looking at the square of the preceding number and adding an odd number to it. And what that translates into into our algorithm is that if I want to obtain n plus k plus 1 squared, I can add 2k plus 1 to n plus k squared. So when I did my computations, once I found 2491 plus 1 squared is 2492, my next number, 2491 plus 2 squared, I could have obtained that by taking my previous number, 2492, and adding the next odd number plus 3. And likewise, if I wanted to get 2493 plus 3 squared, that's the preceding value plus the next odd number. And what this does is it allows us to compute n plus k squared much more easily. For example, let's take a look at 6497. So again, I'm going to find the results of adding the perfect squares to the number. And again, because I know what perfect squares have to end in, I can discard some possibilities right away. Now, again, my next perfect square is the preceding number plus the next odd number. So here I'm adding 1. My next value, I'll add 3 to get 6501, not a perfect square. Next one, I added 3 to get this. I'll add 5 to get the next one. Add 7. Add 9. Add 11. Add 13. Add 15. And it turns out that that's a perfect square, and that says that 6497 can factor as a product 73 times 89. Thank you.


The final item of business is a member's business debate on motion 5590, in the name of Kenneth Gibson on Adopt a Road. This debate will be concluded without any questions being put, and I would ask those members who would wish to speak in the debate to please press the request-to-speak buttons. I call on Kenneth Gibson to open the debate around seven minutes, please, Mr Gibson. Thank you, Presiding Officer, and I also wish to thank everyone who signed my motion to secure debating time in the chamber and, indeed, also thank colleagues who will speak this evening. There is no denying that Scotland is a massive societal problem when it comes to fly-tipping and littering, sadly probably more so than many other countries in north-western Europe. Unsurprising, the majority of Scots believe that litter is in some way a huge problem in their own community. The negative impact of litter is well-known. It's not only bad for the health of the environment, but it's also proven to adversely affect people's mental health. While we've seen promising measures delivered by the Scottish Government in recent years, such as abandon and single-use plastic items that came into force on 1 June, it's obvious that littering remains a challenge as long as some people, a lot of people, unfortunately, thoughtlessly and selfishly throw things away without regard for others or the environment. According to Keep Scotland Beautiful, 50 tonnes of litter is abandoned on Scotland's roadside each month, and 83 per cent of motorways and airroads accorded litter at present. A high level of littering tends to lead to a vicious circle whereby the detriment to the cleanliness of an area also has a significant and lasting impact. A landmark 1990 study showed that littering more than doubles in areas that already have litter, and some people, usually inclined to bend their waste, then consider it acceptable to leave rubbish in areas that already appear rundown and dirty. I welcome recent cross-party efforts to reduce littering, and I was glad to read that Murdo Fraser's proposed member's bill to reduce the instance of fly tipping is expected to be incorporated into a Government bill following a meeting with the minister. Littering can be deterred to a modest degree by the threat and enforcement of fines. However, today I wish to focus on more positive solutions and what Zero Waste Scotland identified as the most important factor to cut the problem, a sense of personal responsibility, awareness of environmental consequences and feelings of community. The strategy is well tested in areas around the world. For instance, in Rwanda, where the national holiday of Umaganda, which takes place on the last Saturday of every month for nationwide community work from 8am to 11am, has resulted in a notable improvement in the cleanliness of the country. In North America, the adopt a highway concept, which began in 1980s Texas, has been another huge success and has become national practice across much of the United States and Canada. The scheme started when volunteers rallied to keep the state's highways clear of litter, with community service clubs adopting a two-mile stretch of motorway and taking responsibility for its clean-up. As the idea spread, companies started taking responsibility for clean-ups in return for small advertising signs along the road to recognise their efforts. As of 2021, more than 120,000 California residents have participated in the initiative, removing litter and graffiti, planting trees and wild flowers and clearing vegetation along over 15,000 shoulder miles of roadside. The example shows that mobilising community organisations and local businesses is a most powerful remedy in relation to the social factors that are driving littering along with anti-litter education and legislation. Such initiatives are more than just a temporary fix, they encourage respect to the environment by building a sense of civic pride and belonging. I have supported and encouraged their adoption locally for years, but sadly with little success. I was therefore delighted when on November last year, after I contacted them regarding road adoption, not for the first time, North Asia Council approved a similar adopt a spot initiative as part of their street scene volunteering strategy. That came after an initial pilot involving a volunteer group in Irvine was evaluated and shown to have significant benefits. Similar to schemes in North America, that programme has been designed to encourage and support individuals, local businesses, schools and other groups. Each carries out volunteer litter picks in a community space of their choice as part of a sustained effort to engage local communities and bring about environmental improvements. The chosen spot will be in a mutually agreeable area within council ownership such as a street, park, beach, path, business frontage or the route to a local school. A simple application form is supplied either electronically or by post for the volunteers to complete. It is sent up to the council to review the spot and assess whether it is appropriate and safe. Once agreed, volunteers informally adopt a spot where the local authority provides them with the appropriate equipment, such as litter pickers, plastic bags along with hives, vests and gloves. North Asia Council also envisages using their mapping portal to record areas still available for adoption to help to coordinate many of the existing network of volunteers who regularly collect litter. The litter picking work is then recognised by the council through social media and an appropriate sign in the spot where the litter was picked to highlight the partnership work involved. The scheme will hopefully improve civic pride and empowerment in our communities and gradually lead to a change in littering behaviour. Businesses and charities can also participate and gain recognition by taking ownership of a spot. I believe that similar initiatives could also be piloted in other local authorities across Scotland. It would be helpful if the Scottish Government could encourage them, not least by including provisions for such schemes in its national litter and fly tipping strategy. I would also urge every member present today to write to their respective councils and encourage them to pilot their own adopt a road initiatives. It is clear that a range of actions will be necessary to tackle Scotland's shameful litter problem. The adopt a road initiative has been trialled across North America for decades and proven to be huge and successful in moving countless tonnes of roadside rubbish. Public acknowledgement of volunteers' contribution will help to invoke people's civic pride and create a greater sense of personal responsibility. Concepts found to be some of the most effective ways of changing behaviours when it comes to littering. I hope that the successful pilot of adopt a spot in North Asia will inspire more local authorities across Scotland to successfully take forward similar schemes and I look forward to hearing other contributions this evening in the debate. Thank you, Mr Gibson. I now call Siobhan Brown to be followed by Grim Simpson. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. Can I start by thanking my colleague Kenneth Gibson for bringing this debate to Parliament? If I may begin with the hit TV show, Seinfeld, fans of the show may recall the episode where the eccentric Cramer announces with great delight that he's become a proud father to a one-mile stretch of road and he is part of the solution. In typical fashion he decides that he will do everything himself and he'll even bring the roadside home to clean in the sink. Unfortunately it ends in disaster after he decides to widen the lanes and spills flammable paint thinner everywhere. Civic pride is important but maybe in this instance perhaps not. Prior to being elected as an MSP I was a councillor at South Asia Council and I was always really extremely frustrated at the litter that was left on the side of the roads, our beaches and our streets and also the anger and sometimes public perception of litter. As a councillor I received many angry emails from constituents who walked past litter, got their phones out, took a photo, emailed a complaint to me about the lack of council services and litter and I genuinely believe that some people have an expectation that they pay council tax and they pay people to lift the litter for them and they don't need to lift litter and they have no responsibility themselves and the blame seems to be on the council instead of the real culprits. South Asia Council covers close to 400 square miles and in my constituency Brassie, Trun, Presswick and Eir all have a large beach and in the summer our beaches are destination points for thousands to flock and enjoy the sun and although our beaches have wooden footprint signs which say leave nothing here but footprints and fortunately this is never the case and I remember one extremely sunny day when my daughter was down at the beach with my mother while I was working and I went down after five and there were thousands of people on the beach and in the water and the entire beach was littered with empty drink cartons, soiled nappies, discarded towels, buckets and spades and being a councillor at the time and we had issues with air, beach, water quality only knew too well that if this litter was not going to be collected it was all going to be washed out to see that night so I put out a call on my social media and thankfully around 40 volunteers turned up within an hour's notice to meet at 6 p.m at the beach once most of the crowds have gone and we removed the rubbish so it didn't go out to see it would have been impossible for the council workers that evening to remove all the litter from every beach in South Ayrshire. As award councillor I also held Airtown Centre Blitzers once a month really to highlight the litter problem on private property which is out with the responsibility of the council and myself and a group of volunteers committed just one hour on a Saturday and we would go to private properties such as flats at the train station and also private car parts which many people walk through and remove litter in some months depending on how many volunteers turned up we could collect over 40 bags of rubbish in one hour but we left air a better place and we felt better about it. Many of us do have this civic pride and want to clean the world but it should not be just left for a few to do we must all have civic pride desire and responsibility to not only look after our communities but our nation other countries we visit and collectively our world. Kenneth has already explained how this works an individual organisation adopts a small stretch of road takes responsibility for picking up the litter and keeping it clean they can get to contribute to the community and businesses to get promotion and advertising out of it the scheme is the scheme has seen a huge uptake in the USA with every state having adopted a road program and the state of Texas led the way with their slogan don't mess with Texas encouraging people to put their litter in the bin and take pride in the area 120,000 people as Kenneth did say previously in California has taken part and removed litter graffiti and planted trees and wildflowers for over 15,000 miles of roadside as I've previously stated previously stated it's not realistic expectation that the council clean up every bit of litter across the local authority that's why I think adopt a road program approved successful in South Asia it would allow individuals and groups to split up a large area like South Asia and care for it's a small part it's really sad sight to be driving along a road with plastic bottles and crisp packets lying everywhere it affects badly on our area in our country as a whole to visitors the people of Scotland have already shown that they will engage with such a move to dresser's problem and in my constituency Allaway Rotary Air Rotary Presswick Community Council and Friends of Trin have been doing this work for many years this demonstrates community spirit that the people of Scotland have. I will conclude with this quote never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world indeed it's the only thing that ever has thank you thank you miss Brian and I call Grim Simpson to be followed by Christine Grimm Mr Simpson yeah thank you very much and can I also congratulate Kenny Gibson on securing this debate I have to confess I was surprised to see Mr Gibson's name against a motion because he like me is not a great user of parliamentary motions but this one is really worth it I think I would also like to say I was amused actually to be chosen by my whips office to take part in the debate I think it says something about them they must have just looked at the title and seen adopt a road and and looked at the word road and thought that's one that's one for our transport spokesman of course it's not about roads it's about litter and the motion the very long motion I have to say concentrates on a scheme in America I would just say when looking up some details about that particular scheme issue a word of caution if we were to roll that out across Scotland because in an early part of its roll out the KKK actually adopted part of a highway but fortunately that didn't last I don't think we'll have that problem here I would say to members I'm not convinced we have to replicate what exists in America because we have a number of very good schemes already actually but I've run by volunteers in various parts of Scotland I agree with what Chavon Brown was saying about the beaches in Ayrshire my family's we like to visit Trun beach and I've been down there quite a lot and I've often seen litter pickers actually with yellow jackets on picking up litter on Trun beach it's a real shame because it's a wonderful part of the world and in my patch in the region I represent we've got a number of local groups East Kilbride community litter pickers who I've been out with a few times that was formed during the pandemic in March 2021 and their Facebook group now has 1700 members that's a lot of people and they're out every single week several times a week in various parts of the town South Lanarkshire council supplies them with rubbish bags and they then tell the council where the bags are and they come and pick them up so it really works when I've been out with them I've come across all kinds of odd things I have to say it's mainly drink related cans and bottles something called dragon soup and features quite a lot and I saw a sofa dumped at one point I couldn't get that in a litter bag the group has found some really odd things a 1970 crisp packet and an inflatable pink flamingo was found by them but we've got yes certainly Kenneth Gibson I have to say you're reminding me of when I was first elected in 2007 and asked the council to clear up the Haley brain large no one had mentioned it to me but I noticed there was a lot of rubbish there and I found out that there were some what they called tenants lager lovelies from the 1980s so that area hadn't been cleared for some 20 years isn't it it's now kept clean by the local authority but the point I was wanting to make is this scheme is not about being the only scheme it's about you know being additional to other schemes and it gives people a sense of ownership over a wee part of the road I mean I also have organised and participated in many beach cleans and I know I imagine most if not all members have done so so it's really about giving a wee bit more pride to a specific community in this specific area and trying to ensure that there's a bit more long term work carried out to clear up this specific location I think Kenny Gibson makes a good point this isn't one size fits all I'm just merely saying that there are schemes out there there are a lot of people who want to clean up their areas and they're doing it with council support North Lanarkshire Council also in my patch also helps a number of local groups time won't allow me to to name them but there is good work going on but you know if we if there's a council out there that wants to set up a scheme like this then then good if it works the frustrating thing for me is when I go out litter picking I mean you can go to a an area a road that's been done you know because you've been out there you know a couple of weeks earlier and it's just full of rubbish and you think you know why why do people do this why do people mess up the areas that they live in that is the problem the problem is not the community minded people who are going out there to clear it up we have to tackle it at source but well done to Kenny Gibson for bringing the debate and I look forward to hearing others thank you mr Simpson I now call Christine Graham who will be followed by Willie Coffey and Willie Coffey will be the last speaker before I ask the minister to respond miss Graham thank you very much deputy Presiding Officer and before I proceed I'm disappointed that the previous speaker had be whipped to speak in this delightful debate make such a delightful contribution members debate should be free and easy and don't require whipping I just bring that to you as an experienced politician that you are anyway I thank my colleagues Kenny Gibson for bringing forward this motion for debate particularly as it's introduced me and I suspect other members to a completely new concept adopt a road I'm aware of the adopt a station programme especially as a sponsor of a planter at Gore bridge station this arrangement of some years standing took a substantial effort by local residents and negotiations with network rail which included issues of safety a matter I'll return to on the issue of adopt a road but I also endorse everything that's been said about littering which infuriates me and isn't always local people they drop the stuff at car windows and just drive on and of course sofas on the side of the road are sort of almost an essential of some people in society don't know why anyway I know what the experience in the USA in particular I look to California, Texas and British Columbia's random samples none are identical but are similar in the programs in California the program adopt a road or a highway individuals can donate materials and groups to can donate materials equipment and services and one of the other things is to help prevent pollutants 73% of volunteers 27% are sponsors in texas they have this wonderful motto only in texas don't mess with texas any group can apply to their local coordinators and they're provided with and here I come to safety safety vests they call them trash bags there of course safety training and signposts identifying the adopters so they get a bit of credit for what they're doing and so on in British Columbia there's different rules in particular participants between the ages of 12 and 16 must be supervised that seemed to me to common sense but there's a you've got to give a 10-year commitment that's a lot to ask of volunteers there's no people who'll be dead keen at the beginning and then they begin to drift like the melting snow in principle therefore I think it's a good idea and I can think of several communities in Midlothian South Twedale and Lauderdale who would express an interest I'm not going to name them and land them in it but I can think of them already who do take pride in their communities I might also add it might encourage motorists of tempering the 20 mile an hour speed limit through many of those communities now when they see particularly if there's signs identifying community engagement with keeping the area tidy I could say that I want to take the idea to both councils in my constituency that's Midlothian and to the borders but back again key of course to me is the issue of safety and that's why I find the requirements in Texas of particular interest because it's a different matter picking up litter in a park but the side of a busy road is another matter entirely and also it must not supplant or indeed replace the the duties that have come upon the local authority when you pay your council tax and so on so it's an add-on so with that caveat about safety as I say I'll be contacting both my councils and I've already thought of slogans when I go back to Texas don't mess with Texas now these are only work in progress so bear with me there's don't blight borders and don't mess up Midlothian but as I say they are workers in progress thank you miss Graham and I now call willy coffee mr coffee thanks very much Presiding Officer thank you and congratulations to Kerry Gibson for bringing this debate to Parliament it's a great idea and I hope the members take it on board with their local councils as Mr Gibson asks us to do whilst it deals with the important single issue of adopting a road to promote and encourage civic pride in how our communities look it also comes at a really good time as the government is putting the finishing touches to its national planning framework in there we hope there will be some detail on how we can better deal with the wider problem of dereliction within our cities towns and villages dereliction of empty buildings empty shops mostly and derelict parcels of land long abandoned I'm sure all of us will recognise the problem in our own communities and this extends beyond the litter issue so the proposal described by Kenny Gibson fits neatly in my view with the ideas coming down the line via npf4 as we consider what our communities could look like in the future one of the most frustrating things I've ever had to put up within my term of office Presiding Officer stretches back many years now is our ability or the lack of it to take effective action against owners to make an effort in cleaning up what they own within our town centres often shops that are empty are left to deteriorate signs fall off graffiti and posters get stuck to the windows and weeds abound when a little bit of effort might prevent this in addition I know of many vacant parcels of land especially within the urban setting that are simply abandoned and left to rot inevitably we turn to the council to step in to try and help but I think it's unfair to expect the public purse to continually bail out the private sector whose responsibility is to maintain their own properties and land using immunity powers under the planning act it simply doesn't do the job as the burden can still fall on the public purse even if cases are successfully pursued one of the biggest issues is that we don't know who owners actually are they can be local people but often they can be fund management companies who frankly don't give a jot about whether our towns and villages look nice or not and I think it's time they did so something needs to change perhaps we need stronger legislation but maybe this initiative is the beginning of a new process that can turn these problems around voluntarily starting with adopting the roads idea but how about going a little bit further if this is a success adopt a street an unused piece of land around about even the welcome signage into our towns the list could grow and engage the business sector to sponsor these sites in return for advertising space in the area that's being adopted when I travelled around Ireland and Scotland over the summer Presiding Officer from Dingel and County Kerry to Dingel and Russia I was struck by the cleanliness of many of those features in the towns and villages I passed through clearly local pride was to the fore with businesses often working in partnership as key sponsors streets were clean litter free signage features coming into the towns were attractive even entrance roundabouts were landscaped and had some public artwork installed all very impressive I recently put some of these ideas to my own council at East Dershire and I think it would be fair to say that I have a job of working my hands persuading them to embrace some of this particularly those elements within the local road network but I'll keep at it until we see the light and closing Presiding Officer I think this initiative brought to our attention by Kenny Gibson is a great opportunity for our communities to play a direct part in making their communities look as good as they possibly can local businesses must play their part too and I hope that the idea will take root and that will see continual improvements year on year that will make us all proud of the cities towns and villages that we call home thank you thank you mr coffee and I now call on Lawrence Slater to respond to the debate around seven minutes please minister thank you Presiding Officer I'm sorry for shifting my seat my car didn't work in that spot so just make a note of that I want to thank and congratulate Kenny Gibson for securing this member's business debate debate and also to thank those members who contributed to the debate I welcome their views littering is unacceptable whatever the circumstances and there is no excuse for this behaviour anywhere in Scotland cleaning up litter cost public bodies 53 million pounds a year therefore any suggestion on how to tackle this scourge on our local communities is to be welcomed it is an incredibly important issue for our citizens and for our environmental goals listening to the views that were expressed it is clear that tackling litter particularly roadside litter is an important issue for constituencies across this country tackling litter can only be done through a shared approach and collaboration between all stakeholders across Scotland to encourage litter prevention and behaviour change exploring the use of flexible and innovative interventions in support of litter prevention and removal is vital so is sharing best practice from within scotland but also internationally as we've heard today the enthusiasm shown in this debate is testament to the strength of collaboration volunteering and the empowerment of communities in my closing remarks I would like to make it clear that the Scottish government's views on litter as well as reiterate the value and importance of innovative approaches and volunteering in Scotland these are countless individuals and community groups who clear up our beautiful country all year round and I would like to take the opportunity today to thank those people for their efforts and commitment to preserving our national environmental quality the Scottish government values the massive contribution that volunteers make to people's lives we recognise that they give their time to volunteer and make things better for others volunteering is good for the volunteer too building skills enhancing employability and supporting mental wellbeing across scotland volunteers make absolutely vital contributions every day to their families communities and society as a whole they do it because they care and want to help and support others throughout scotland people are volunteering and contributing on the issues that matter to them scotland's volunteering action plan will increase awareness of the vital role of volunteers in the delivery of services across scotland from health and social care children and families and sport volunteering is powerful and it matters as this debate is focused on roadside litter I wanted to clarify that the trunk road network is maintained on behalf of Scottish Scottish ministers by transport Scotland through contracts with a number of operating companies and design build finance operate concessionaries under the environmental protection act of 1990 litter collection is the responsibility of local authority even when the road is a trunk road with the exception of motorways it is for a locally elected representatives to make local decisions on how best to deliver services in their local communities and to respond to litter on public land however I understand the important role that collaboration between stakeholders and raising awareness can play in the battle against littering since 2016 keep scotland beautiful has coordinated a roadside litter campaign give your litter a lift take it home I don't know how that sits with christine slogans with the member slogans give your litter a lift and take it home which raises awareness of the scale and impact of roadside litter encouraging road users to do the right thing by rolling out new materials and to deliver its key message the scottish government is committed to doing its bit by to tackle litter scotland's deposit return scheme will launch next august and by giving plastic and glass bottles and other containers as identified by the members during the debate a value of 20 pence each we expect to see a big reduction in those items being littered and that is not all we're doing earlier this year I launched two important consultations the first is our waste route map to 2025 a strategic plan to deliver scotland's zero waste and circular economy ambitions this sets out how we intend to deliver our system-wide comprehensive vision for scotland's circular economy the second is our proposals for legislation a circular economy bill to give us the powers we need to deliver on our ambitions the circular economy bill proposes to introduce a new penalty for littering from vehicles and ask respondents to its recent consultation if they agreed with the introduction of a new system that stipulates that the registered keeper of a vehicle is ultimately responsible for criminal offences such as littering from or in relation to their vehicle this enabling power would help reduce the tons of litter that needs to be cleared from our roads each month of course legislation is only part of our toolkit we need to consider all the policies and levers we have at our disposal we will therefore publish a new national litter and fly tipping strategy later this year where key actions will be grouped under three key themes of behaviour change services and infrastructure and enforcement one of the key objectives in the strategy will be to develop and adopt a shared approach between stakeholders to litter prevention and behaviour change across scotland the new strategy will also aim to empower community groups to take action to tackle littering behaviour at a local level in summary I recognise the amazing contribution of volunteers and we want to ensure that everyone who wishes can contribute to their local community and beyond through volunteering volunteering can help us with some of the biggest challenges we are facing and brings benefits for volunteers who experience disadvantage and exclusion it is also important to note that the new national litter and fly tipping strategy will frame the dialogue around littered or fly tipped materials within the context of a leakage to the circular economy which is a loss to scotland's wider economy so while we whilst we recognise the importance of litter picks and other valuable citizen led activity such as the one suggested at the heart of this motion we are striving to create a scotland where the need for such activity in the future is eliminated thank you thank you minister that concludes the debate and I close this meeting


This is Brian and welcome to our third lamp tutorial. This is installing a bone to we have our virtual machine running as you can see And in our previous tutorial we booted off the ISO image So this is all running inside a virtual machine. I simply wanted to make a separate tutorial so I could resize the recording area So you can see everything that's going on here. I'm going to select download updates while installing now You should note that doing that will increase your installation time, but we'll take your patch time down significantly Install third-party software That's kind of a hot issue in the Linux community Some people are completely against proprietary software if you are simply uncheck that box. I however don't mind proprietary software I love my mp3s. I love my flash video everything else. So I'm going to select install this It's recommended you have an internet connection and you should have at least 4.4 gigs of space We'll click next Now installing an operating system can get a bit lengthy, so I may pause this video periodically It's moments like this where the cursor just sits there. All right Installation type you can do something else or erase the entire desk Now notice if you are doing this alongside Windows, which I'm not going to cover in this tutorial There will be extra options and it will say like install alongside of other operating system Because this is a virtual machine. We want to in erase the disk and install a bone to now warning That's will delete any files you have on this desk Now this is not your hard drive. This is the virtual hard drive of the virtual machine When in doubt make sure it's the virtual machine hard drive We're going to install now and Boom they're off the progress bar race begins and you will see down here This is where the progress is this big progress bar and you'll get different notifications like it'll say installing contacting time server doing various tasks Sitting there for an erroneous a lot of time not really doing anything. There it goes The setup for a bone to is actually pretty user-friendly Select your time zone. I'm in Michigan, so I'm going to select Detroit So this is in case you've ever wondered where I am. I'm right here in Michigan I'm in a little town called Battle Creek, Michigan. It's if you ever heard of Kellogg cereal It's the same city that makes Kellogg cereal So in case you ask, yes, the entire city smells like cereal when they cook it. Sometimes it's just awesome. Sometimes it's just horrible Let's continue Now like I said Installing an operating system is not for the faint of heart. You may run into errors This will probably take a sizable amount of time. How long? Really depends on your internet connection speed, etc. Whether you chose to download third-party softwares and updates while you're installing Typically a good installation range is about 45 minutes to an hour. That does not include patching All right now we're going to select our keyboard layout click continue Now in case you're wondering why I'm doing all of this in a virtual machine. Well a it's extremely easy to record and B if we make mistakes, we can always take a snapshot and revert back to a snapshot. Something we'll cover later We need to give our name. I'm just putting test and for password. I'm just going to choose p-a-s-s-w-o-r-d That's right password The weakest password in the history of mankind, but I'm doing it for simplicity sake You should choose a strong password You should also do require my password to log in and encrypt my home folder I'm just going to choose login automatically because this is a test box that I do not care about click continue And this is the exceedingly boring part of watching the installation. You just literally watch the progress bar Um, I've only had one or two installations completely freak out and die. It's rare, but it does happen Um, linux does not have a blue screen of death. It has a purple screen of death. It's rare Some people don't even know it exists. I've seen it myself. It's not pretty You think the microsoft blue screen of death is ugly. Oh, you have not seen the purple screen of death I actually want that on a t-shirt the purple screen of death Anyways, um, if you're so inclined you can kind of thumb through these And you can kind of read a little bit about a boon to um boon to has a software center.  You don't have to do anything other than download it and click install And many times it's right on the same page. You literally hit the install button It downloads installs configures sets it up and runs it right for you Very simple very easy to use My daughter can do it. I mean come on um It comes stocked with a ton of software. It comes with um libero office, which if you don't know what that is It's a free version of office. It rivals Microsoft office. It's a fork of um open office um, basically what happened there was um open office decided to start Charging money. I think and then they forked it and it became libero office And it's it's compatible with microsoft office.  I'm sure I'll get fan mail for that one. Um, you can install Pretty much. This is where you're going to get my linux speech I'm not a linux fan. I'm not even a linux guru, but I'm amazed at the amount I mean just the massive amount of free software that's out there Anything that you can think of there is a free open source version of it. For example, you're watching This videocast I'm recording it on kazam kazam is free On windows, I'd have to pay for that. Well, there's some free versions on windows, but you know what I mean For example office where you're just talking about that microsoft office costs hundreds of dollars Libero office free. You can't beat free. I'm sorry I made a lot of money in the software industry selling my software, but those days are long gone. Sad to say um music um Ubuntu is very media oriented. Um, I love the multimedia features in ubuntu. I love rhythm box playing my mp3s I love watching videos One thing I do love is ubuntu 1 cloud storage, which I wonder if there's a slide for that No anyways um ubuntu 1 cloud storage is you automatically get five gigs Of cloud storage. What is cloud storage? Um Think of a cloud but instead of filled with raindrops It's filled with servers storage servers that you have access to Free of charge cloud storage you have five gigs of cloud storage on the ubuntu 1 cloud What that means is you can set specific folders and say synchronize with cloud So anytime you modify one of the files in that folder or you copy something in or out of it It'll upload that modify it on the cloud So if you have your home folder Synchronized to the cloud your computer dies you do a fresh installation Reinstall ubuntu 1 pulls all your files down and you're right back where you were Easy to clean easy to use Um comes with um Firefox you can use no script. You can also install chrome Flash support I would recommend the 32 bit version if you're going to do that. I'm running the 64 bit version And back in the day it was a little tricky to get the 64 bit version of flash installed because they didn't actually support 64 bit for a while there In case you're wondering we are installing the 32 bit version Simply because I don't have the horsepower to do 64 bit virtualization. Yes. Here's um, we'll leave your office in action Is what they're talking about Actually, I've really really impressed with their software Um ubuntu is highly customizable We are running the desktop version of this For these tutorials instead of the server version because I want a desktop that you can see you can watch me interact with And you can do it on your own Sometimes command lines lose people And that's it for the slideshow So i'm going to go ahead and pause this And we will wait until the installation is over All right, we're back and we are still installing. Well, if you're really bored and you kind of want to get a jump start I am going to be following the w3schools.com php guide So feel free to go to w3schools.com Slash php and start digging into some of these. I'm not going to do their tutorials verbatim But I am going to follow similar syntax to this Um, meanwhile, I will be sprinkling in the lamp stuff like how to actually install lamp How to configure and interact with my sequel things that they just don't cover on here Once again, that's w3schools.com slash php And I will see you when this installation is done All right, if you got to this screen that means your installation was successful Go ahead and hit restart now And we're just going to sit through this and watch it reboot You'll see a buntu shutting down And switch over to Virtual box and you can see that it is currently running and you can see a little snapshot or a preview of what's going on inside the machine And it says please remove any installation media from the tray and press enter Now once this thing boots up you're going to want to patch your server um Some people don't believe in patching. Um, I do It's just one of those things. I mean patches are there for reason a they keep you from getting hacked I know this is a test box. We don't really care too much about it, but at the same time You also find that patches have critical flaws and fixes. That's why they're called a patch Now this will take a few seconds to boot up the first time you load it It will get significantly faster after the first time you can see our little hard drive light down here It's going crazy along with our network light But I just want to pull this up and give you a quick tour of a buntu. There we go. Now it's starting up And the more ram you give it the faster it will go I'm just kind of going over some php tutorials here You can do it virtual machine. We believe you you can do it All right Once you've made it to this point, you're pretty much going to know for sure that your your computer is going to run just fine If you've gotten an error message before you've gotten to this point Um, you will see a login screen here eventually But if you get an error message, you will um want to contact the support forums and see exactly what's going on If you chose the optional login, you will have a username and password. I chose the login automatically This is our buntu desktop. Um, this is called a buntu unity This is our dashboard if you press the windows key you'll get this and you can actually search for things like, um Update manager This is your taskbar And you just mouse over things and see there's your home folder. This uses nautilus As the file explorer And like I said, it's going to run a little slow the first time you run this thing Um, it will start speeding up as the first because you're going to remember the virtual machine's hard drive is Growing as files are being created in the background So this is the default file structure. If you've never worked with linux before, um This is called root to slash And then you have all these folders in it. We're not going to cover all of these But some that we are going to cover are going to be the ver um etsy And home home is where the heart is Home is your home folder. This is similar to like my documents and windows and you can see here's our Profile test and inside of here is where all our files are going to live When we eventually install Apache There's going to be a dub dub dub folder inside of our All right, so let's just close this out and you see there's some software on here like there's firefox You can actually browse the web with this bad boy. Um, there's libera offers and a bunch of those there's software center And boom 2 1 which I talked about cloud storage system settings, which is how you can go in and tweak various things All right, and this is similar to control panel and windows like you can actually go in and You probably see me once in a while. I'll do this where I will auto hide the launcher. Sorry. I thought I called that a taskbar earlier um in virtual machines, it's very difficult to get it to come back on but You get the concept there And you have workspaces which are multiple desktops if you're from Windows, this is a new concept to you. You won't know What this means, but basically you have four monitors built into one And holy updates batman 179 updates. We got some updating to do here Now before we update I'm actually going to shut this down. I want to show you so real quick Install drivers if you have proprietary drivers, um This will pop up and say, okay These drivers should be downloaded and activated. So let's actually download and activate that This is what I wanted to show you is your authentication password Um, if you're from windows xp, you've never seen anything like this before If you're from windows vista and windows 7, this is similar to user account control Actually, they stole the idea from linux. Whatever you do something's going to affect the system It's going to ask you for a password. So enter The password you gave it during installation and hit authenticate And it'll download and install that Additional proprietary driver remember during setup. We said download and install additional drivers. Well, this is part of it This is really helpful if you're using this on a physical box And you have like a really cool video card or something like that It'll actually pull down the better driver for it. You can see you have wobbly windows and all sorts of effects So we're just going to wait for this to install And while that's installing, let me kind of show you how to find things here You just go into dash And let's say you have no idea what you're looking for you want to say a few videos you just start typing in vid and well, there's videos folder How about movie? There's a movie player So you can see just by typing in you can get Like if we wanted monitor you can Get more granular in your search and there's different things here like here's home Here's filters So these would be programs these would be files Music videos so you can actually get really granular here Also, here's your trash can so if you ever delete anything you'll see garbage in your trash can You can simply right click and empty the trash Now if you don't like these icons because we're really not going to use liber office in these tutorials Simply right click and unlock from launcher whoops Very bare bones for your minimalistic. Here's system settings. We've been in there Ubuntu software center I want to show you guys this real quick while we're downloading and installing that driver in the background This may take a little bit longer because we are in downloading and installing that driver. That's Pretty system intensive for that virtual machine the Ubuntu software center Um allows you to well get anything. I mean it's literally A software store filled with free software. I mean everything on here. I shouldn't say everything most everything on here is free Once in a while you find something that's not free, but it's few and far between So like let's let this load for a minute Like I said, this is gonna be horrendously slow because I am installing that driver in the background here All right, you see the software center starting to come up And it's already got some applications in here And there's also some categories so like you can go into developer tools or educations or games And there's already some stuff in here like genie genie is an ide We may actually touch on genie in a little while one thing genie does if I can get it to load here Is it's an ide that people use for you guessed it php programming. Ta-da Very simple easy to use editor It's kind of like a a notepad on steroids if you will See that's what some code would look like and that's what the actual program would look like Now if you wanted to install this you'd simply click the install button And then it may prompt you for that authentication password And you'll see a little icon up here indicating that something's installing You can see your currently installed programs and your history And you can navigate in and around It's pretty amazing How much stuff is out here just dirt free And you can take a moment just kind of look around and see what's out here And if ever you're looking for anything like let's say You like me you like c++ Oh no matches Hmm I'm willing to bet that once we update there'll be more matches. But anyways, let's say you want a an image viewer There's gobs and gobs of image viewers out there Now one thing you should know you see this little orange thing over here when you get close that scroll bar pops up You actually mouse into that Click and then scroll that's one thing people don't like about unity It kind of does and does not bother me. I really don't care Let's close that See we're still installing our driver One quick shortcut Control alt t We'll bring up the terminal window. We will be getting very familiar with the terminal window This is where you will type in actual commands. For example ls for list That will list contents of a hard drive or cd root so you can change the root and then ls-l Show you the contents of the root drive. This is a virtual machine. So there's really not a whole lot on there I'm going to pause this video while my driver is installing All right after that proprietary driver was installed Um, we're going to close And nine times out of 10 they don't want you to reboot and what we're actually going to do now Is we're going to shut this down I'm going to show you how to create a snapshot Are you sure you want to close all programs and shut down?  We're going to go to snapshots And we want to take a snapshot And we're just going to call this If I can spell install We'll close new install of a boon to And you see that's our current state. It's fresh install Now what that means is if we do something and we screw up we can revert back to this snapshot See how you can clone it. You can delete it. You can restore snapshot So if you start this virtual machine and do something horribly horribly wrong, you don't know what you did But oh my gosh into the world shut the box down click snapshots Go back to restore snapshots after you've selected the one that you want and this little current state We'll show you where you currently are So we're just going to start this thing back up I'm going to show you how to patch your machine and close that And this is why I really like virtualization technologies. It really allows you to explore without fear of Spending months and days fixing whatever you broke, but that's kind of how I learned computers Uh friend of mine named Scott a long time ago had a computer graveyard going on in his basement and he would You know cannibalize these systems together and then turn around and sell them to other people And it was it was a very big learning experience because you got to learn what was compatible and what wasn't and this was back when Internet was oh man. I think I had a blistering 14k dial up connection And I was so thrilled the day I got a 28k modem. Oh, I think I did the happy dance around my house all right, so Notice at the top of the screen. It says a bone to test box fresh install. There's my fire fox I'm just trying to get a feeling for how big that size is going to or that monitor is going to be And once you get to a fully functional desktop, we're going to actually open updates The update manager you can either search for it using the dashboard or it will pop up automatically Just want you to be aware of how to update your machine You can check for updates which if it pops up it'll automatically tell you how many updates are available And then you can install and you can kind of scroll through and see I've got 179 updates. So that's going to be it for this tutorial I'm simply going to click install updates It should prompt me for my credentials See there we go. That's it See you next time. I hope you found this educational and entertaining and thank you for watching Oh, and if you do patch your server be sure to set it down and do a snapshot