Okay, so the recording is on and thank you everyone for joining the Edge UTG session today. It's April 11th, 2024 and we are starting with a presentation from Inria given by Helen about their choreographic infrastructuralist code project. So I will give the microphone to Helen and to guide us through the presentation. Thank you, yeah. So everyone seems to know me in the video but I will do as it is recorded, I will do as if no one is knowing me. So I'm Helen Coulomb, I'm a French associate professor at IMT Atlantic which is a famous French research, sorry, engineering school in France. And I'm also a member of the Stack Preserve Group at Inria and today I'm going to present a set of works I've done with many people. I will talk about the person involved in this work later. So the title of the talk is Toward Choreographic Infrastructuralist Code and I will try to be as clear as possible to prove this presentation. So I will first try to start with some concepts that you know very well probably in this working group. So the concept of infrastructure as code. So the basic idea is that now everything or almost everything is infrastructure code, even a simple web application because you have to provision some bucket to store data, some Kubernetes cluster if you have a containerized microservices application, et cetera. And because the capacity and the complexity of infrastructures grow, through times, let's say system administrators and developers thought that it would be great to handle infrastructure as complex codes, meaning using good practices such as software engineering and languages to write infrastructure and to make infrastructure evolve through time. So a few definitions and basic examples to start. So I will consider an example with pre-resources that I call A, B, and C. So a resource in this talk is any piece of software to deploy and maintain. So it could be microservices, infrastructure, pieces of infrastructure, et cetera. So what I will call a lifecycle is the set of possible states for a given resource. What I will call a dependency is when a resource requires some information from another. For instance, in the above example, A is using B and B is using C. So these are dependencies. I will call a goal or a target state, the state that I want to reach for my infrastructure. So for instance, I would like to switch the version of the resource C to version 2.3 and then go back to a running state. This is an example of the goal. And finally, I will call a plan, the set, the sequence of actions to move from the current state to the target state. So let's take your first very basic example. So let's consider that I have a very limited lifecycle for my resources, which is I can turn on a resource or turn off the resource. And now let's see what kind of plan we can do with this lifecycle expressivity. So the first very naive solution to update the resource C to version 2.3 is first to turn off A, then to turn off B because B is using C and A is using B. And then turn off C, update C, turn on B, turn on A. So this is a very naive way of doing an update of the resource C and this set of actions, so turn off A, turn off B, et cetera, this is what we call a plan. So in this example, we can see that what is actually happening is that we have a propagation of the turn off action. So we need to turn off the full system to then update C and then turn on everything again. So another example, which is more, let's say smarter. Okay, I have the same assumption, so I have only turn on and turn off of a lifecycle. But this time I'm going to start the new version of C that I call C prime, then turn on a proxy that will intercept request from resource B to resource C and load balance the requests 50% on C and 50% on C prime, for instance. It could be another choice, right? Then when I consider that C prime is running perfectly well, I can turn off C, turn off the proxy and now I have the new version of C prime without turning off A and B. This solution though, I have to add the additional reverse proxy and also you have additional costs because you have for a temporary period two instances of C, but you do not have any downtime. So this is another example, okay? And I have a third example and this is just to illustrate that what you can do in the lifecycle is actually quite important. Let's imagine that now I can have an intermediate state in my lifecycle, which is posing the service. In this case, my plan could be first to pose A, pose B, turn off C, update C, turn on B again and turn on A. And this is another example. So you have some kind of downtime but you don't have to turn off A and B but you probably will have shorter execution times because it's probably much shorter to pose A and B than to restart A and B. So these are example of plans. And the second part that I want to introduce before diving into the details of my work is about the declarative approaches when doing infrastructure as code. So the idea of a declarative approach is that we do not want the DevOps to write plans. So to write the sets of instructions to move from one state to another. We would like that to be automated. So you have many existing DevOps tool having declarative approach of the ideas that the tool will automatically compute the set of actions to perform to move from the current state to the desired state. So what would be expressed is, for example, I want to switch C to V version 2.3 and go back to a running state. Okay, so I will try through this presentation to answer three motivations in the work I'm going to present. So the first motivation is what if we put as much flexibility in the life cycle as required? So meaning you have a programmable life cycle you can put as much intermediate state as the pose we've seen before as you need. And the associated research questions are, will we have shorter execution time as illustrated with the pose and mechanism before? And will it be possible to keep a declarative approach if we do that? Because by introducing programmable life cycle you also introduce more complexity. The second motivation is is it possible to offer a fine grain? So I will explain through the talk what does that mean? But a fine grain programming supports to write a life cycle and dependencies between life cycles of software entities. In particular, in my work, I'm interested in introducing more parallelism and concurrency to reduce the execution time when deploying or maintaining infrastructures. With the same research questions as before. So can I have shorter execution times and can I keep a declarative approach? Again, because this will increase the complexity. And finally, the third motivation, which is probably the one particularly related to edge issues is that existing declarative infrastructure as code solutions are mainly designed in a centralized fashion. So it means that the plan, so the sets of instructions to apply to move from the current state to the desired state are coordinated by a central entity. And the actions are sent to the distant nodes but you still need this central entity to make sure that the overall coordination is a behaving way. And so the third motivation is to be able to have a decentralized infrastructure as code. And this is particularly interesting, for instance, when you have a cross functional or cross geographical DevOps organizations, but also when you have some frequent network disconnections such as at the edge or in a cyber physical system. So in this talk, I'm going to present first what we call the concerto reconfiguration model. So you can see concerto as a coordination model for DevOps procedures that I will explain that. And then I will explain how we make a concerto calligraphy, so I will introduce what is a calligraphy and how we do that. And finally, I will present a recent work on how we've done declarative calligraphies with a tool that we taught ballet. And I will conclude. Okay, so before explaining concerto, I will do an unusual thing. And I do that because I hope presenting first some results will motivate you to listen to the rest of the talk. So here I present some results on the deployment of an open stack system. So it is a minimal open stack system. So it's composed of 11 components and 36 services. And we compare the deployment time to Kola and Siebel. So Kola and Siebel is a production tool to deploy open stack. And we've done the same deployment with concerto and a concurrent solution in the academic literature that is called IOLUS. IOLUS is something very close to do-do, for instance. And so what you can see is that with concerto, we are able to win around 70% of the execution time when deploying open stack. So why is that? It's because of the level of parallelism and concurrency that we are able to offer within concerto. So here you can see, by the way, can you see my pointer? Yes. Yes, okay, perfect. So here you can see the GAM diagram of the execution by using Ansible. So with Ansible, what is actually happening is that each role will be applied one after the other. So in open stacks, you will have first the facts, then common set of dependencies that are required by all rows. And then HAProxy, memcached, if I remember correctly, MariaDB, et cetera, and you have to deploy all the rows one after the other, like that. With IOLUS, which is closer to do-do, as I said, you can introduce a bit more parallelism because of the level of the dependencies between the tasks that have to be applied within the rows. And with concerto, we increase a bit further the level of parallelism because in each role, so for instance, Nova here, you have a few lines for Nova because we are able to divide the actions to perform to deploy Nova and execute them concurrently. Okay, and the same for Netrun, for instance, or MariaDB. So now, oh yes, I have another example. So another example is it's an example extracted from an open stack submit where they use the Galera cluster of MariaDB database and they switch from a centralized MariaDB to a decentralized one. So it means that you need to reconfigure the running centralized MariaDB to become a master in the Galera cluster and additionally replace, sorry, deploy the new work notes. And so you can see again that compared to Encebal, we win around 50% of 50%. So now I will give some details on how we do that and what is the language, the concerto language. So the idea is to introduce as much parallelism as possible but to be sure that the coordination is safe and that the dependencies will be guaranteed. So the first thing to do, it is a bit like writing a role in Encebal. You, as a developer, you will have to write what is called a control component, components. And this is how it looks like by using a graphical notation. So what we do is that we are going to have a programmable lifecycle for my software entity. So it does not represent the functional code of the software entity, but the lifecycle. So the control aspect, controllable aspect of my software entity. So in this example, it's a server and I have decided to have two kind of behaviors with my lifecycle, which is I can install my server or suspend my server. But as it is programmable, I could add anything I want. So posing my server or anything. And I will define the set of tasks required to actually apply the behavior. So for instance, to apply install, I will apply the green arrows. And in the green arrows, I will put the real code. So like installing a package, pulling a docker image or anything. And here is the first level of parallelism because I can trigger multiple tasks simultaneously if I consider as a developer that I can do, for instance, the file configuration at the same time that I do a docker pool. So this internal, that's what we could be internal net. Is a modeling of the lifecycle of my software entity. And in addition to that, I have external interfaces because this as a role in Ansible, this component, this lifecycle, will be later connected or combined with other components. So what does it mean? So I have two kind of interfaces. So a use port, which is this semicircular notation, which means that this subpart of the lifecycle will have to use an external database. And this subpart of the lifecycle will have to use the IP address of an external database. And you also have provide ports, represented by the smaller dark dots. And so it means that in this subpart of the lifecycle, so in this case of the running state, I provide a service for my server. And this service will then be used by another component. And so the second type of interfaces I've already talked about is this behavior concepts which is a way to hide the details of the internal net. So instead of saying you can do this task and this task simultaneously, then this task and this task, I just say to the external that you have an installation procedure and a suspension procedure. So concerto is written in Python. So this is how it looks like from a user perspective. So the component developer, the developer of the piece of software or the piece of infrastructure will define the set of places by unique identifiers as a string. You have an initial place where to start if the component does not exist. A set of behaviors, so installation and suspension in this case and a set of transitions. So the transitions are the arrows. And so a transitions has a source place, a destination place, a behavior. So it's a color in the graphical notation and a function, so a callback function. And in the function, you are going to actually call the code. So installing things, pulling some local images, et cetera. You can even in a function call an Ansible Playbook if you want or anything. And finally you also define the set of ports. So we have two use ports in this example and you give the group of places concerned by this port. And we have one provide port in this example, which is bound to the running site. Now we have the second part of the tool, which is how we assemble or compose those life cycles. And this is typically done by the DevOps engineer. So it's a bit more like writing a playbook. So you have writing a role, which is usually done in Ansible by developers. And you can write playbooks, which is more or less the equivalent of the reconfiguration language in console. So the language is quite simple. You have six type of instructions. You can add or remove a component instance. You can connect or disconnect components. You can ask a component to apply a behavior and you can wait for a component to finish applying the actions. So I will give you two examples to illustrate how concerto works in practice. So the DevOps will write this kind of program with the six instructions I've presented before. So for instance, here we are going to have a program to deploy a server and a database from scratch. So what the DevOps writes, for instance, is I will add a server of type server, add a database of type database. I will connect the server and the database by their compatible ports. So in this case, two ports have to be connected. Two pairs of ports have to be connected. And then I will say, okay, a server, I would like you to install, which is the green behavioral interface of the server. And this will push the green behavior in a queue of behavior at the level of the components. And then I say, okay, push in the database components the behavior deploy. So it's the green, it's also green in this example. And these instructions, the push behavior are unblocking instructions. So both components will try to apply their behaviors in a concurrent manner until their ports requires some synchronization. So the DevOps simply writes this example of program and the rest that I will present, so the execution is of course automated by Concertal. You do not have to do anything as a user except writing this program. So what will happen is that each component will try to apply the green transition simultaneously. If I have two transitions starting from a given place, then the two transitions will be executed in parallel. And sorry. And when I have a merge of two parallel branches, I will have to wait that both branches are finished before reaching at the next place. Okay. And this is not, wait. I'm thinking. Yeah. And in this example, I cannot reach the running place for the server because I need the database to be running to do that because this part of the life cycle has a dependency on the database service. But as soon as the database is reaching the running place, which means, which also means that the database ends its deployment behavior, then the port is activated and so the server will be able to continue and finally deploy. So this is an example of an automated coordination with Concertal. And the idea is that we have a lot of parallelism because we have concurrency between the execution of both life cycles but also internal parallelism because of parallel transitions. This is why we have such interesting execution types. So another example. Now, okay, we have the database and the server running and I would like to maintain my database. So I will say as a DevOps, okay, pushing the database maintenance behavior and then deploy again to go back to a running state. And for the server, I will need to suspend it and then deploy again. So why do I need to suspend the server? It's because the server is using the database and in this example, I cannot I cannot stop, well, stop, maintain the database while it is used. And so how this is executed by Concertal. So the database will not be able to apply the blue behavior until this service port is not used anymore. So this is a kind of a security, right, of the coordination. And as soon as the server leaves the group that is using the database, then the port will be deactivated and the database will be able to make the maintenance and then we do again the deployment as I've shown you. So this is the part about Concertal. And now I will talk a bit about choreographies and how we made an evolution of Concertal to do that. But maybe you have questions before moving to choreographic aspects, no questions? Okay, so if you remember in the introduction, I've talked about the third motivation, which was to have a decentralized infrastructure as code. So why would we like to have a decentralized code for the coordination of the life cycle? So of course you have lots of advantages when having a centralized approach, but you also have some limitations. And one of them is that when you need to execute a plan like in Concertal for instance, or any other language, you need to know the state of the system. You need to know where, if I say it with the Concertal words, you need to know where are the tokens in the system to coordinate well the execution. And sometimes building a full state of the system is impossible or difficult or unwanted. So for instance, it is unwanted when you have cross DevOps organizations. So for instance, when you have multiple DevOps teams and laying a sub part of the infrastructure and you do that to actually not build a global state of your system because it's too complex, it's too difficult to do that. You also have this problem when you have frequent network disconnections to have a consistent view of your global state or frequent faults, or you may have difficulties to have a global state because of the scale of the system. The other problem is that if you have a central coordination of deployments and maintenance, then you have a single point of failure, meaning that if the central coordinator is unavailable, then you cannot do anything, even a simple local action. So in the literature, what is called a choreography is actually a central coordination program of a system explaining what are the interactions between autonomous agents. So it's like when you're dancing and you follow a choreography. So the choreography has been written by a responsible entity and is written in a centralized patient. But each participant of the choreography will have what is called a local projection of the choreography, meaning the set of local actions to perform, to respect the choreography. And so of course, the decentralized execution of the local projections for each agent must be equivalent to the initial choreography specification. So this is what is called a choreography. So we have worked on what we could consider to a decentralized. So it's a language that is very close to concerto. Actually, it's an extension of concerto that makes possible local projections of a centralized concerto program. So here is an example of a program, a centralized concerto program to update the masternode of the gallery cluster of MayaDB database. So we have instructions. So we interrupt the master, we update the master, we interact with the worker and update with the worker. We deploy again the master. We wait for the interruption of the master to be applied before deploying again the worker. And in concerto D, what we will have is our local projections on each node. So for the master, you will have, okay, I have to interrupt the master to update the master and deploy the master again. And from the worker side, I will have to interrupt updates, wait for the interruption of the master to be finished and deploy again the worker. These are the local projection of this centralized program. And the idea is that concerto D will automatically handle the set of communications required to de-centrally execute those local projection. So we need communications in a few different cases, so four different cases, actually. So when we have a complication of a disconnection operation between components hosted on different agents, when a behavior is handing because of weight instruction, we have to communicate that when a port is activated or deactivated. So to give you an example, so here's the same example than before with this program, okay. So we have a master MayaDB components and a worker MayaDB components. And we are at the stage where the master ends the interrupt updates and deploy again. So the master is in its running state. And as reaching the running states, the master will have to inform the worker that the service port is activated. So a message will automatically be communicated by using concerto D between the master node and the worker node, so that the worker node is informed that it can continue the deployment execution. So now I will move to the declarative choreographies that we try to achieve with the tool that is called ballets. So as a reminder, so you remember in many DevOps solutions, we try to achieve a declarative approach because we do not want the DevOps to write plans or to write this kind of programs which are error prone and very difficult when you have very large infrastructures or systems. Okay, so it means you have no human responsible for writing the central and the concerto program. But we want to go even further because we would like to directly compute the local projects written in concerto D in a decentralized manner. So it means we would like to have a decentralized plan planner. So compute the plan in a decentralized manner to reach the set of local projections written in concerto D directly. And for the same reason, why do we want to have a decentralized planner? Well, the same reasons than before. So you have difficulties to build a global consistent states of the system or the infrastructure in some cases. You may want to avoid single point of failure that may block the whole system when the planner is unavailable. And you also have a scalability issues in the case of the plan because a plan computation is an optimization problem because you have a lot of different possible plans and you have to choose the best one according to some metrics. So it is usually an incomplete problem. And so it does not scale at all. So taking smaller decisions with a few additional communications is probably more efficient at scale. Okay, so this is the overview of Ballet. So the idea is that, so in this figure, I focus on the cross-functional or cross-geographical DevOps organization, but this could be also true for edge sites, for instance. So the idea is that we have, for instance, two DevOps teams working on a subpart, a different subpart of the infrastructure. And each DevOps team can submit a maintenance goal, a maintenance target to a front end. And the idea is to avoid, hopefully entirely, human exchanges between the DevOps teams. So to do that, we need the first to build a global knowledge on the source of the maintenance, but this is a details where I will not go into this components because it's not very interesting from a scientific viewpoint. But I also need a decentralized planner, meaning that if this DevOps submit, well, ask for a maintenance operation, this planner will be responsible for sending some messages to over planners to see if over parts of the infrastructure are impacted by this maintenance and need to locally apply some actions. And finally, I will use a concerto D to have a decentralized execution of the overall paragraph. So we've used a case study, which is a multi-site, an open stack multi-site case. So we have a cluster of, well, a gallery cluster of MariaDB database to handle the Keystone authentication service. And in each site, we will have two, three nodes. So the worker nodes for the database parts, Nova node and neutral node. And the same for each site. So from a developer viewpoints, it's the same as in concerto. So the developers of the pieces of software will have to write the control components of their components of their service. And from a DevOps viewpoint, so it's quite different because now the DevOps do not have to write a concerto program, but can simply express a goal. So what we call a goal. So for instance, this is an example of a goal where I say, well, I would like the components MariaDB master to apply an update. And I would like in the end to have all my components running. So the language is quite small, but you can express things like that. So on behaviors, on components and on ports. So why is it difficult to automatically generate the set of concerto D programs? So local projections from this kind of goal is because mainly because we need to introduce waiting instructions at the right places. So it is some kind of a scheduling problem actually in the literature. And this is the same example as before, but without the waiting instruction at the worker side. And in the worst case, without the waiting instruction, we can imagine that the worker is able to actually execute the free behaviors locally before the master made its update. So in this case, the worker is deploying again and the master is, the worker is deploying again and the master is blocked because it can no longer leave its deployed state because the port is used. So this is why we need a complex solution to solve this problem. And of course, this complexity is due to the complexity of concerto itself. So you do not have such complexity if you have a simple turn on, turn off life cycle. So to do that, we have a solution. So I will not give you too much details, but we have a solution with different steps. So the first step is to compute a local solution for the component concerned by the initial goal request. So for instance, for MariaDB master, I will compute that I need to interrupt, update and deploy to do that because I need to update and I need to go back to my running state. To update, I need to interrupt, then update, then deploy again. And by doing that, what is going to happen is that my ports will move from activated to deactivated and so I will need to send some messages to a neighbor node saying, okay, the components that are using the master service must disconnect until the interruption of the master ends. So a message expressing this kind of information. And this message will be sent to the neighbors. So the MariaDB workers, then MariaDB workers will probably say, okay, if the service is not offered anymore, then I need to interrupt and send themselves the information to their neighbors, et cetera. And so we have a kind of a gossip protocol to propagate the ports deactivation or any useful information to the neighbors. So in the end, when we reach the leaves of the tree, then we have an acknowledgement phase. And finally, we take into account all the messages that we received to enrich the way we are solving the problem locally and then do a final local resolution in the end. So we've made some experiments, of course, with one, two, five and 10 sites of OpenStack. And all artifacts are available in Zenodo and we compared ourselves to an academic solution that has been implemented on top of Pulumi. So it's called Muse and it offers a decentralized declarative approach also. So in terms of execution time, we win 40% of execution time compared to Muse on a deployment of a multi-site OpenStack and 25% on the update phase. And what is interesting is that you can see that the planning phase is actually a negligible compared to the execution phase. So as a reminder, both planning and execution are performed in a decentralized manner. And to give you an idea of the work that we have avoided to the DevOps, different DevOps teams is the number of constraints that we inferred and sent to Oversights and the number of instructions in the programs. So for instance, for the update, which is the most important one, we inferred 200 constraints, 100 instructions and we have to exchange about 80 messages between sites. So as a conclusion, so I've presented the first Concerto which is a coordination language for deployment and reconfiguration of complex systems or infrastructures. Concerto makes explicit the dependencies between interfaces of software entities. And the reconfiguration language of Concerto makes possible modification in the assembly of components and in the behaviors of each component. And Concerto offer an automated and safe coordination. ConcertoD is a decentralized coordination language. So it's the decentralized version of Concerto and it offers a way to handle choreography, choreographed infrastructure as code, if I can say, by projecting a Concerto program, which is centralized on different agents. And the communications will be handled automatically and safely by ConcertoD. And finally, Ballet is on top of ConcertoD and offers a decentralized declarative approach. So it offers a small language to express the goal of reconfiguration and a decentralized plan will be, well, a plan will be the set of ConcertoD programs will be computed in a decentralized manner. And in all contributions I've presented, the focus is made on reducing the execution time and also offering automatic and safe solutions. So of course, I've done that with a lot of people. So in no particular order, I will not name all of them. But of course I did not work alone. Regarding ongoing work, so we are trying to integrate some concepts and results of Concerto into existing infrastructure as code tools like Ansible and Terraform. But as it is already five, I will end my talk. So thanks a lot for your attention. Thank you for doing the presentation. I think we have a question. Yes, from Tangfei, maybe. If you're speaking, you're still on mute.  Yeah, maybe. Okay, I'm still learning that part of the tool. So we have a question from Guillaume. I cannot hear you very well. Yeah. Thank you. No, I can hear you. Can you- Hello? Yes. Okay, can you hear me now? Yes. Oh, yes, nice. Yes, I had a question about, it was a very interesting talk, thank you very much. And I think it could be very useful in Kubernetes operators. So do you have plans with mixing Concerto with operators, Kubernetes operators that can get any kind of application? Well, not really. Well, I do not plan to apply what I've presented today to Kubernetes because Kubernetes ecosystem is a bit complex and also have very different approach than Concerto in the sense that it does not care at all about dependencies. It will be more a retry approach. But I'm working with Tangfei Han, who is present today and over colleagues on the self-stabilization of Kubernetes controllers. But it does not involve the results that I've presented today about Concerto. Okay, thank you. Do we have any other questions? I think Joland had a question before. And Tangfei also, but- But maybe they were trying to upload. Ah, yeah, okay. I think it was really interesting, especially as you were taking the approach from a centralized configuration and moving it to decentralized. And I also really liked the data points in terms of the parallel operations.  Good question. Yeah, no, unfortunately, no. So we have some kind of a switch in Concerto. So we can say, for instance, if this part is unavailable, then do this or do that. But we don't have, for instance, exception expressivity. And for now, we do not have an automated way of rolling back if some actions are not possible, for instance. This could be an extension of Concerto. For now, what we can do is stopping the reconfiguration and starting a new one to hopefully reach back a previous state. So kind of rewriting the actions that- Yes. Awesome, thank you. If there are no more questions, then thank you for doing the presentation. And I'm just going to check if there's anyone here who would like to stay, to have conversations about edge-related items. I did see David Patterson, who I mentioned at the very beginning joining, but I think he had to drop in the meantime. He's part of the edge computing group. Yeah, of the ways I think all of us are in a member, so. Oh, good, no worries. But it was nice, thanks a lot for the invitation. And as it is recorded, hopefully some people will watch the video afterwards. No, of course, like I'm really sad that Rob Hirschfeld couldn't make it today because he and his company are working a lot in the area of infrastructure as code. So it would have been a great conversation as he could share his experience in this area and compare what he's doing. But if needed, I can connect to a future working group Okay, I have a discussion about this, it's okay. That would be great. I will check that with the group in terms of when people are available to do that. I will share also the recording once we draw from the call and it finishes the processing. My laptop is about to melt down right now. And yeah, I will make it available to everyone. Ellen, I will send the link to it to you as well. So you have it handy if you would like to share with others as well and I'll let you know what the group's plans are. And I'm hoping that there will be an opportunity to have further conversation about the talk. And okay, great. All right, then thanks a lot. Bye, thank you for joining, have a good rest of your day. Bye-bye. Bye.


news update. Good morning, folks. Steve Rhodes coming to you live. This is your 9 a.m. update on November the 25th. Thanks so much for joining us right now. If we take a look at the futures, the equity futures, they're all pointed to the north. They're all green. You've got the Dow equity futures trading up 78 points. Twenty seven nine forty is the print. The S&P is up nine points. She's trading at thirty one twenty. The NASDAQ is up thirty four points about four tenths of a percent to the upside 83 14 is its print. The Russell is up three tenths of a percent. That's five points in chain. She's trading out at fifteen ninety six out there overseas last evening. We had all of Asia when I say all of Asia. I'm referring to the Shanghai, the Hang Seng and the Nikkei all up. In fact, the seven tenths are sent to the north. The Hang Seng was up one and a half percent three hundred ninety seven points out there. Australia closed higher up the Australian two hundred S&P up twenty two points. She closed out at sixty seven thirty one. And if we take a look in Europe right now, both the DAX in Germany, the FTSE in the UK, they're trading both up sixty nine points or so. Gold is off seven bucks over down eleven pennies. Lights we crude is off ten cents. Gas pulling back down five percent as we speak right now. You've got the U.S. Treasury bond basically flat out here. So if we go take a look at what's going on when I say what's going on, obviously gave you a feel for what the equity markets are doing. But what are they trading into? If anything, well, if we take a look at the we take a look at the TAS market profile levels out here, you're going to see that the ESMini is trading right into the resistance level. That's the top of its profile. That price point by the way, I mentioned it was trading at thirty one twenty and two ticks. The top of that box, the top of the daily box is basically thirty twenty one. So you've got price trading into resistance. Now, if price does close above this level today, again, that's thirty twenty thirty one twenty one, that would suggest a move back to the all time highs, maybe even piercing those levels and continuing its trek higher. The NQ, not the same scenario yet price, although it's trading percentage wise, the largest percentage wise mover to the upside. It's got much further to go before it runs into what should be or could be resistance. The top of its daily profile, eighty three forty four. Now the Dow gapped up. Well, the Dow, the ESMini and the Russell 2000 all gapped up last night. The Dow gapped up above the top of that daily profile, twenty seven eight sixty four. That's the number to watch at today's close. Prices above that says he wants to move to higher ground. Folks, stay tuned. I'll be filling in for Larry Pesavento. Have a magical Monday. I look forward to seeing you soon.


Welcome back to the Tea of the Day! Today I have one from Totem Teas. This is their Soothing Areovidic Cinnamon and Licorice Tea. But that's not all that's in it. It's got a lot of things, including apple. It's got the Cinnamon Sticks, Hibiscus, Blackberry Leaves, Ginger, Balm. Balm? Was it in Lemon Balm? Uh, they just say Balm. Heh heh heh heh. Uh, Licorice root, Orange peel, Fennel, Camomile, Clove, Black pepper, Cardamom, St. John's wort, and Hopped pedals. Alright, let's give this thing a shot and see what it's like. Alright, okay. Yeah, this is a very good blend. I mean, considering how many things I just listed off that are in this, there's nothing in particular that's sticking out more than anything else. I'd say the apple and the cinnamon are the most notable off the top. But I mean, if you really look at it, get into it. You can feel the other ones that are there. But it's nothing, nothing is really sticking out, which is good for a couple of reasons. For one, it's not making you go, oh, because any one of these things is not blended properly. And it's just very, like they said, soothing and very smooth. It's a nice, easy drinking tea. I could just down this thing right away because it's that good. But the main thing I want to talk about today is licorice root, okay? And I've talked about this a little bit, like in my last video. There are so many things that licorice root does. It's a mild laxative. That's not necessarily a good benefit for some people, depending on where you're at. But it's an anti-spagismotic, anti-inflammatory. It helps with depression. Apparently, it's supposed to help your liver because it can neutralize various disorders that are in there. So it can help with liver problems, including hepatitis. It's supposed to all in the same way help with stomach issues because it's supposed to help protect and strengthen the stomach lining. It's supposed to help with low blood pressure. I know women will be a big fan of this one when they're having their menstrual problems because it's really good for menopause and for cramps. It's good for peptic ulcers, dyspepsia, colorectal cancer, bronchitis because it's an expectorant and it's supposed to help get that stuff that's stuck in there out. Canker sores is supposed to help you fight plaque. Come on, fight that plaque. Fight that plaque, scary monsters. Don't have plaque. No, not that kind of plaque. It's supposed to help fight plaque that's in your blood vessels. Am I missing anything? My God, there's so many things. I mean, I had to write a list down because it's just, again, so many wonderful things. It's amazing. These, a lot of these things happen because of the Glyceriaxin. Blah, blah, blah. Not sure if I'm saying that again. Medical terms. So crazy. But it helps with a lot of these things that we've been talking about here and it's the primary cause of these health benefits. But man, licorice root, good stuff. The downside is that apparently if you have too much of it, it can be bad for a few things. If you have too much, it can cause fatigue, headaches, fluid retention. Particularly, some people said they can have swelling like in the ankles, edema, things like that, high blood pressure and even some muscle soreness or cramping. But again, like with most teas, it takes a truckload of it to make this happen. And they say you have to have at least three cups of it a day on a consistent basis for you to be able to reach this level. I mean, so it's a good amount. Plus they, they say the actual dosage limit per day, I believe is like, you know, 15 grams of licorice root.  You're not going to get 15 grams over the day having just three cups of tea, probably. But even then, you know, your most tea drinkers will go and spread it out. So probably not going to have these problems unless you're really sensitive to it. So just know that they're out there and that there are some possible side effects if you overload on it. Okay, just take it easy and licorice root is going to be great for you. But that's it for me.  Take care.


Oh, all right. So basically all those working from home, you know, it's given me a lot of time to either have a movie on the background or I play like live concerts on my laptop next to me and I can listen to music in general. New live concerts or, you know, ones that have been aired previously? Or are you into like the whole streaming everyone's concerts that come online now? No, I'm just, it's all old stuff. So I've watched a couple of Muse ones, a couple Metallica ones, Pearl Jam, and it's Pink Floyd and some Zeppelin and anyways, I've been this real Pearl Jam kick lately. I don't know why just because I'm bored and I'm being nostalgic. But before we get started, please take the time to hit that subscribe button and the bell to stay notified of all of our videos right here on Miscellaneous Debris. You know, so I just came up with like, well, what are my top five favorite Pearl Jam songs? And I sent you my list of five. I was just thinking of off the top of my head like really quickly what those would be. And in no specific order, I mean, I had Black, Alive, Nothing Man, Rearview Mirror, and Dissident. And I said I can make an argument for Ocean just because I like Ocean. I love that song. So so very early Pearl Jam heavy. Three of them. Yeah. Yeah. Another two are off verses. Yeah. But I mean, there's a whole there's a whole shitload of songs.   You can go wherever you want. I was just saying maybe these are my my top five songs. And you said, oh, maybe we can discuss later. Yeah. Well, so here's the thing. You know, I will argue till I am blue in the face that versus is a better record than 10. And over the years, I have stood by that argument. Now, I still stand by it. However. Every time I listen to 10, it creeps up there, almost overtaken in that spot as my favorite. But I have to put into consideration that after vitality, I dropped off until they came out with lightning bolt and that came out in 2013, something like that. Twenty four. Sure. Yeah. So I missed a huge chunk of it. Now, I've caught back up with with some of their stuff.  So I don't know if it was really bad, but nothing really gripped me quite like those first two records did and how lightning bolted. So if I did a top five, it would be really heavy on all those records. But that being said, dissident, I would definitely say is a great song. However, my favorite, I think I think you're right. Rear view mirror has to be on there. I would have to put animal on there. I would have to put sirens on there off of lightning bolt. Well, father, son's really good, too. No, you'd have to go with sirens.  I mean, it's it's basically the whole album.  Not long ago, I don't it was a few years ago, at least. I sort of rediscovered that record again. And the song really, yeah, 10, 10, OK. And I was listening to release. And just like how that song that goes into that crescendo towards the end. Oh, my God, it's like it's it's it's brilliant. It's absolutely brilliant song. But I don't know. That's a really tough question. It's almost impossible. And I can just tell you right now, I'm going to like five different websites or lists of the top pro jam songs of like top 10. Basically, yeah, none of them are anywhere on that list. I'll punch somebody. No, I haven't seen it. You know, so here's one. I'll just go from top 10 down to number one. OK, wash. Off of a live or off of, yeah. Only one behind a behind a counter in a small town. Footsteps given to fly off he goes. What's that? Not sure. No code. Huh? Oh, that's a yeah. That's like that was number six out. Yeah. Alive. Indifference. Better man. Indifference is a good song. Better man. Black, yellow, that better. Now, man. Trust me. Interesting list. Good. Well, you can't hear this. And that's the top 10. Yeah, so that was a top 10 from what the website was it? Complex.com. So check this one out. Here's up rocks. OK. This one, I've already checked this one out. It was completely.  Who made this list?  Like, come on, buddy. All right. All right. So here's up rocks. Number 10, porch. Good song. Good song. Unthought known. I don't know what that is. I don't think I've heard that before. I don't know either. And I also think like. Well, I was also ranking these as live songs, but I don't think so. Well, one thing really quick is that when we were growing up, you know, unless you actually had the CD could because I mean, most of the time I was listening to these records while playing video games on the Super Nintendo. So I wouldn't memorize. Like it took me a while to memorize the names of the songs. So, like, you know, my my favorite when I was growing up was probably, you know, Jeremy. But that was track six on the CD. You know what I mean? Yeah. So like so it took me a while to learn. So I may not be familiar with these. I mean, I may be familiar with some of these songs, but I just don't know their name. Right. Well, that's that's how I am to you, especially with 10. It's been so long since I've listened to any of these albums, like I look, I know alive, right? And the garden and ocean porch. Like, yeah, those after after porch, it kind of gets murky as to what the yeah. What are you talking about? All right. So here's the porch, right? Where's it before porch? I don't know. All right. So that's that's oceans, right? Yeah, it is. OK, so up rocks. Number 10 porch. Unthought known. I don't know what that is. I got ID or I got it. Don't know that one either. And then nothing, man. I'll do we roll behind the counter in a small town. Yeah. An animal. Footsteps, corduroy, yellow led better in release. Those those those good tracks. I mean, there's some deep cuts on there. All right. Got some deep cuts here. Here's his rolling stone. Number 10, this is behind the counter in a small town. OK, better man. State of love and trust. Even flow. Wait a minute, wait a minute. State of love. I thought that was. Temple of the dog. State of love and trust is Pearl Jam. Yeah, that's Pearl Jam. Yeah, yeah, I guess you're right. You're right. Yeah, yeah, yeah. All right. So you got number eight. State of love and trust. And even flow. Your beer. Given the fly. Jeremy. Yellow led better alive and black. You know. So this is three lists right there. And they run the gamut, man. Yeah, they do. They do. There's no consensus on, like, yeah, what the best Pearl Jam song is. You know, it's funny, man, because, like, every one of those lists had either yellow bed letter or elderly woman in a small town. And I got to say, those are like two of my least favorite Pearl Jam songs. I mean, don't get me wrong, they're good songs. But, you know, if I had my druthers, I wouldn't throw those tracks on if I was listening to the record. You know what I mean? No. All right. Oh, here's a good one. This is from louder sound.com. Oh, man. Yes. The definitive list at LouderSound.com. What? This is like just looking at your face. It just tells me everything that I need to know about this list. It's because it's just like basically the 10 album. Let's keep you right. Oh, that's because this list is every song on Pearl Jam's 10 ranked from worst to best. Oh, or what do they give that? All right. So number 11 is deep. And then porch, then garden, release, Wygo, Oceans, Alive, Evenflow, Jeremy, Black and Once. That I can't. I was like, Mike, these are all like the same album. Like there's no way they put once at number one. Yeah. Well, you know, I'm on that album. Yeah. Yeah. All right. So here's here's here's diffuser. You know, I love diffuser. Of course, good in front of the show diffuser.com. We're in the show. Number 10, Just Breathe. I don't know what they're from Backspacer. See, there's a bunch of albums I've known. Yeah, I know. Like I said, I've got some of these things I'm not privy to. There's Alive, number nine, number eight, Corduroy, Seven Daughter. There you go, man. I'm going number six, Yellow Ledbetter, five, Stay Eleven Trust from the singles. That's from the singles. OK, that's why I get so. All right. Yeah. OK. That's why I got it mixed up with that. There you go. Number four, elderly woman behind the counter and one, two, three. Gosh, man. Why? Why is that? Why are those songs still pun intended? So glorified? I don't know. I like it. But I don't know. Number three, Black, two is better man. One is Jeremy. I don't like that list. I don't like that list either. I would I just had the one song I really want to see in that list. But I guess this one's a good one. We're going back now. We're going deep. This can't be right.  Oh, I see. OK, this is by rateyourmusic.com. Oh, the definitive list by the friend of the show rate.com. Oh, my God. All right. So they go all the way. There's one hundred and twenty five songs in here. So so so it's right. Isn't rate.com like don't you like submit your photo to it and then people log on? And then they like rate. I mean, isn't this the thing? Like I could have saw this was the thing years ago. I don't know. This is well, there was a thing.  Right. And right now, it's like that one. Roast me. Was it? It's red. It's red. It roasts me. OK. All right. All right. So this I don't like this list either. Just because we don't like the list doesn't mean it shouldn't be said right. See, these are albums.  This list is bullshit, too. I'm I can't do this. All right, great music.com.  Who's this dickhead? Oh, it's fantastic. I love it. Oh, here we go. W.R.I.F. Oh, the definitive list friend of the show. W.R.I.F.com. Shout out to Drew and Mike, baby, the home of rock and roll. Threw it on anymore. The Drew and Mike podcast, baby, the home for the pod of rock and roll. OK, so. Nothing going to give me anything on that. No, no, no, no. Number 10 daughter. OK, once. OK. Given the fly. Not for you. Oh, that's a good song. Yeah, it is a good song. Animal. Yep. Alive. I like this list. Better man. Even flow. Rear view mirror. Yes. Number two. And number one is Quoteroi, which is a good song. I like it was number one. I don't know. But I like that that list is more in line with my train of thought. Then all right. So I'm pulling up the album verses. Yeah, rear view mirror is is the the. The premier song on that record. Go is a good song. Animals, my favorite, just because goes the first one of the album, right? Yeah, yeah, yeah. That's it. And funny thing. So the first time I heard animal was sorry. I don't know why it started playing. I was on the whatever whatever year it came out, 93, 94, something like that. Christian Slater was hosting the MTV Video Music Awards. Back when MTV used to, you know, show the music and play music. And Pearl Jane came out and they played that song. For the very first time.  And thinking of that, I thought of this. They did not for you on SNL. You know how bands on SNL like to come on and they do their one song and then like they do the second song, which is going to be like the next single or whatever. Sure. So when they did that, I was unfamiliar with these things. I thought that if a band played a song on national TV, then they had to have the record out for it. So immediately the day after I saw that, I rode my bike a mile up to Musicland at Laurel Park Place. Wow. And I was like, hey, where's the new Pearl Jam record? They put this new song on Saturday Night Live last night and they're like, yeah, they don't have one. And I was like, what do you mean they don't have one? But they don't have one. Like what they played it last night. So why don't you have the record? And I got really, really angry and I left feeling very, very deflated. That was a long ride for a bike. I would never do that. There was a phytology. That was a, yeah, I guess it was between four. 1994. So it was 12 or 13, depending. But I get into that argument all the time like what album is better by this band? Is Steadic Prevails better or is Clarity better? Is Black Album better or is Master of Puppets better? But- Well, I did the whole 10 albums on Facebook thing and I put down verses instead of 10. Yeah. But it was tough like, I mean- I did the 10 albums. Jesus, I know you did. I mean, the 10 album was so influential. Like how many copies of that did we go through? Like a million. At least five or six. I mean- Yeah, I remember getting it for Christmas and it was ruined by like my birthday. Like I had to get another one. It was just like, it was something like that. That's only three months. I mean, come on now. We also had one of us because we had the Super Nintendo set up in your bedroom and you had that really kick-ass, gigantic- Oh, that's stereo? That's stereo. They had the CD player on the top of it. We had the CD of, like it went from like Pearl Jam to Rage Against Machines, self-titled to Metallica's Black Album to Pearl Jam. And like even their greatest hits, like all four of those records just went on repeat. So like, but we're kids. We're not taking care of those CDs.  And so we go through these CDs like once or twice a year. It's craziness.   Yeah, it was pretty bad. But I mean, it was the same way. Like I didn't know what to do. Like, so I did the album. I liked more. I thought there was better quality music on verses. And there was on 10, even though 10 is just like, wow, mind blowing. But I picked verses just because I was like, you know, I liked it better, so why not? You know, I did the exact opposite and just for the same reasons, too, except I like verses better. But like 10 was that it was the linchpin for, you know, the delving into alternative music, which got me into, you know, the grunge scene, which got me into the punk scene, which I wouldn't be the person I am today. Had that not happened. So, you know, 10 it was. I bet you could guess all these. No, maybe not. All right, so I know the albums. So let me let me guess as many as can you believe that 10. OK, where do you think 10, the highest it landed on the US charts on the billboard? Yeah, it's just this peak chart position. I would assume it's billboard. I would. I mean, as big as Pro Jam was, I would have to say number one. Number two. What beat them, did it say? No, but I mean, it wouldn't matter. I carry sales for that album, right? So it's it's just like, yeah, Pymorai carry or something like that. What do you think versus got versus the second album they ever did? Oh, that was that was from what I remember, it was panned. Shit, I'm going to go 15. Now, I hit number one and then sort of vitality and so did no code yielded to and then by Narl. Is that how you say it? By 2000. Yeah. Hit number two. What did Lightning Bolt get? Because that got really good. I'm getting there. I'm getting there. Riot Act, Riot Act hit five. And they had an album called Pearl Jam. Hmm. That's that's pretty. That's very on Pearl Jam right there. Hit number two. That's back. Backspacer hit one.  Like Lightning Bolt hit one. Good. And then Gigaton, which just came out a couple of weeks ago. Hit number five. I was not a fan of that first single. I gave it the old college try and I was like, oh, what? So we're going to miss there, guys. So I'm going to miss. I don't think I've heard it. Although I did that once to a song and a band that you tried to get me to listen to. So R.D. is a really, really big fan of this band called Muse, which a lot of people are. But I was I was very, very skeptical of Muse. So when Muse came out with the song Madness, you're like, no, no, no, no, give it a try. Give it a try. And so that song definitely grew on me like I hated it first. It took a long time for me to like that song. So I'm driving down the road. I listen to it. Now I was like, OK, all right. Call up this and you're like, it's going on. It's like, yeah, listen to that new song.  Not big enough. It sounds like total garbage. And you're like, oh, God, come on, man. But then I listened to it a few more times. And I got to say it's a good song. It grew on me and it made me appreciate that band way more than I did. And now I actually and now I actually kind of like it. Like, I don't go out of my way to listen to them. But if they're on, I don't turn them off. Right. Well, think about their new stuff is it's good, but it's not great.  You got the old albums. Oh, yeah, like Supermassive Black Hole. Those those records. Yeah, our origins of symmetry.  Oh, I'll tell you in a second. That's what it's about. Yeah, absolutely. That's that's a great album. Well, yep. I'll tell you why it's got songs on it. Time is running out. Yep. Very pop. What is this? I got to tell you, though, what what what sold me, though, is watching like live performances of them on YouTube. They're live, though.   It's one thing like you're like, oh, my God, it's pretty good.  Their live performances are better than Metallica. What I'm telling you that right now. I mean, you saw my face when we saw Metallica.  I know it in. Well, I will look like a lady. But I just think Metallica just to me is like every song I know I love I love it to my dying breath.   I like some songs off that open. Yeah. No, no, no, no. The song St. Anger.   Well, I mean, come on.  It's like crazy here. Swing and a miss. What I'm saying about Muse is like their live show is just it's that that's what they do is perform live. Dude, like it's audio. It's it's visual.   Like Metallica's sweet, like it's loud.  Like it's cool. But the way Muse just incorporates the the audience in a way that I don't think Metallica does. Yeah.  Interlude. This means are all great songs sing for Absolution. I didn't catch that. You can also try spelling. Oh, hi, Siri. I am going to go ahead and leave that in. That was funny. I'm going to disintegrate you. Well, I was integration by the cure. So yeah, right?  And one of the one of the gripes was music, some new record, the gripes. Yeah. I'm not a big fan of their new record. And I'm saying like a lot of the stuff they've come out since, like a lot of the stuff that they've come out since, like black holes and revelations, like it took me a while to get into it. That's not no, not so much since the resistance.  So we were talking about Pearl Jam and their songs and then somehow we got over to Muse. Because Muse is better than Pearl Jam. Yeah. So so piggybacking on our OK. So in 300, the Knights of Sedonia is in the song or in the movie. OK. Yeah. But I mean, that's totally not the song I was thinking of, though. So it had to have been in a trailer or a clip of something like that. From 300. Yeah. Because yeah, that's all you just heard was in Watchmen, not 300. Yeah, no, no, I don't I get it. But like, I know I heard a Muse song during a product or like during scenes of 300. So it had to have been either in a trailer or a clip that I saw online. Or maybe it was one of those things getting back to the video music awards. So in 95. I think it was 95. They have been 94. Interview with the vampire was up for like a MTV movie award. And the song that they played while they're like and up next, the next nominee is interview with the vampire. But they were playing a bad religion song called Infected during it. OK. And so I was I hadn't got stranger than fiction at that point yet. And I was singing that song as I was on my way to skateboard. And my buddy, I think it was Rich Doker, who said it. He's like, are you singing in bad religion? I was like, bad religion. And he's like, yeah, it's not a stranger than fiction. We went back to his house. He came in the CD. He's like, go home, burn this. I was like, sweet. And so I got. That's how I got the album, stranger than fiction. I was a fun little side note, speaking of musicians. And it was I was I was I was not watching.  I think it was Sarah Silverman. No, not Sarah Silverman, Whitney Cummings. But it was it was about that.  No, you can score the videos. Oh, yeah. I know. I think I was watching one of those. And it was a blonde comic doing the standup roast of Jeff Ross. OK. And I can't. Maybe it may have been. I don't know. I'd see a picture of her. But for some reason, Jewel was there. She was in the dance. And I remember this. She goes on jewels here as other people like to call her trailer Swift.  I love it. Oh, my gosh. I am totally stealing that and using it as my own. With all due respect. Trailers Swift. I mean, that is fantastic. That is.  No, it's straight to the point. Oh, then she goes in and starts ripping about her her teeth and their different whatever.  I just like other people call her trailer Swift.  That is hilarious. Where do you fall on that? Jewel hot or not? I'll say hot. Ask me get a 10 30 tonight. Oh, fair enough. So I got I got to see I did the when she was at the Jeff Ross roast, I got to say, I did not think she was attractive enough. I mean, maybe she's probably a lot. You know, obviously she was probably more attractive back in the day in her heyday, right?   Makes me feel makes me feel old now. She looked cuter, younger. Sorry, just being honest. But whatever. I mean, I'm sure I was better looking at younger, too. So there you go. Speaking of of all of this, a happy birthday. To my my my future ex-wife, Chloe Bennett. At miscellaneous debris, my DMs are open. Slide right in. It's all I'm saying. You just slide right in like a good slip and slide. Oh, did she reply to your tweet today? They still young. It's not, you know, it's a it's only like 11 o'clock in California right now. So there's always hope. There's always hope, I guess. There is always hope. Don't dash a man's dreams. The treat. The reason the is a gift for Giff, man. There's a there's a better argument. It's Giff. It's it's totally Giff. I don't care.   All right, I'll just throw some jelly on that and call it a sandwich. All right, it's Giff. It's Giff. The Giff I sent you was, you know, a Brie Larson, which is like want to fight from Captain Marvel. Yeah. And the one I want to send you was one where she's saying you lied to me. I can't remember where it's from. It's from Captain Marvel, obviously. But I can't remember the scene. I think it's towards the end. I believe it is either in when she's fighting with the on rock or when she's in the Supreme Intelligence. Yeah.  Now she's upset. Not going to work, man. Listen, I have enough room in my heart for both of them. All right, this isn't like some like, you know, I'm not trying to get some polygamy thing started here.  Let's call Matt.  Like I said, slide right into those DMs.


Hello and welcome to the Grand Line Review Your Source for everything One Piece and today it's time to talk about dragons not that one not that one not that one but yes this one the one who looks the uh you know the least like a dragon and he even has monkey in his name which is suspicious but monkey the dragon is one of the more permanent question marks in this series today and I would like to explore the question of whether or not Mr. Dragon is a devil fruit user because almost 900 chapters after his official introduction to One Piece we still don't know making dragon a more mysterious character in this regard than even shanks who was confirmed to not be a devil fruit user although not in the actual series mind you but in an official article which is still far better than anything that we've had in regards to dragon then again you know shanks is a very popular boy having ranked in 11th place in the most recent character popularity poll whilst dragon came in at a very very sad 85th place which I find mind boggling because it means that Rika, Komashi and Penguin all got more votes than dragon no wonder he always has this very sad concerned look on his face but if you want to turn this sad dragon into a happy dragon then please do show him some love by subscribing to the ground line review which will also result in you receiving regular One Piece content uploaded straight into your youtube feed don't you dare leave dragon hanging but onwards with the actual video now this 900 chapter question mark of a man is something that is commonly speculated amongst the fanbase because despite the distinct lack of dragon related content in the series what we do have of him drops in some pretty powerful hints of the capabilities of this man so I'm going to go through these events and then we're going to attempt to determine what kind of devil fruit user dragon is or even if he is a devil fruit user at all so stepping into dragon's very first appearance in good old chapter 100 here dragon famously stops mocha from capturing the boy who we now know is dragon son but there's a wide variety of strange weather phenomena that seems to conveniently accompany dragons presence here but this event is very strange because it actually differs quite greatly between the anime and manga versions and not only that but there's even a mistake in the official english translation that can make things even more confusing than they need to be so starting with the manga dragon stops mocha and says the world is waiting for our answer and then we cut to this panel of like this huge gust of wind with dragon seemingly saying wind blast to accompany it which taken at face value seems like a fairly generic attack name however this was later recognized as a mistake with the original japanese line being topo de ar which more accurately translates into shouting something like a squall question mark and in retrospect it was almost certainly said by a random marine or perhaps even smoker rather than dragon so this is kind of a tricky thing because this mistake does for better or worse heavily imply that dragon is the individual controlling this wind which could still very much be the case and we'll add some evidence to that later but this particular instance is an error meanwhile the anime actually cut this line entirely dragon says the world is waiting for our answer and then the wind just kicks in without someone yelling about it which you would think might make the situation more ambiguous but the anime also did something very very interesting to say the least which is how it would depict this force of wind essentially the sky turned a very interesting shade of emerald green and we proceeded to see this super stylized gust of wind which looks to be very non-natural wind and the whole scene retains this greenish tinge to it which can be taken as a tangible cue connecting it to dragon because green is heavily associated with this man being his primary color scheme and all but fascinating enough this wind also proceeds to ravage the entirety of log town which i will emphasize did not happen in the manga in the manga it was just one short sharp gust around luffy's general area and it's hard to know how to reconcile that on the one hand this could have been the anime staff having special knowledge which they have certainly shown in the past or it could have been the staff taking some creative license and greatly expanding this scene for some filler material at this stage the only thing that's undeniable is that this sudden shift of weather occurred coinciding with dragon's physical presence and on its own that would be far too speculative for my liking however in chapter 587 we would see another such phenomenon and this was during the post war arc specifically in the time of luffy's flashback basically the nobility of the goa kingdom being the pricks they are set the great terminal on fire in an attempt to murder all of its lower class riffraff when suddenly a gust of wind opens up a path straight to dragon and his cohort of revolutionary forces and i think this removes any sense of ambiguity i once had because just as the original case of chapter 100 in the manga this is a very very controlled blast of wind and the anime doesn't add any strange stylization this time around and so while one instance is a coincidence two instances becomes a pattern and we can very comfortably tie the idea to wind and or weather control to either the presence of dragon or the revolutionaries in general and just to really hammer home this point about wind in other appearances wind is also a very emphasized element surrounding dragon such as during the return to water seven arc where we see him staring out into the wind on bolt ago or even cough short flashback claiming that dragon has a habit of staring out through the wind in the direction of east blue which is obviously where luffy would have been at the time so dragon is pretty intrinsically linked to wind in particular being a primary feature in most of his appearances throughout one piece which would obviously lead into our first general area of double fruit speculation which would be the logi realm now this idea has existed ever since i became a fan of one piece all those centuries and centuries ago and it almost certainly existed before that but a common thought is that dragon is the wielder of a wind based logia fruit this is a natural assumption because wind fits quite nicely into the elemental theming of logias and while we do have some basic stuff like fire and dice elemental fruits the logia class also dives pretty deeply into more abstract features of nature such as light and darkness so i personally see no reason why wind could be excluded as a possibility within the logia class the only thing it doesn't do which i should stress it doesn't necessarily need to is explain some of the other weather phenomena during the log town arc controlling wind is one thing but we also had a ton of other stuff involving storms and lightning especially the lightning strike that saved luffy from being executed by one buggy however this could all very much be simple fate at work throughout the entirety of one piece storms have been used for very fateful encounters like the ed war where the roger pirates were saved from shiki zamata by a fateful storm that destroyed his forces so i don't necessarily think that we have to connect dragon to the greatest storm although it would be cleaner and i suppose there's always going to be an idea like say his control over wind is so great that he blew over some storm clouds from the ground line all the way to log town or something along those lines but a logia is not the only solid possibility and there are some great arguments to be made with the zoan class as well i'd say specifically within the mythical zoan subclass that is because there happens to be a whole ton of options available especially when it comes to the world of godlike figures because remember if sengoku can become a literal big Buddha then this sort of stuff is well and truly in play for one piece meaning that dragon could quite easily be say a mythical zoan model zoos or a similar god that was fabled to be able to control weather and all of that good stuff actually you know what even better than zoos much better actually let's go for fujin who is a literal japanese wind demon treated similarly to a god and his counterpart ryjin would be another potential choice whose powers comprise thunder lightning and storms which would wrap everything up in a neat little package although given how strongly dragon seems to be linked to wind if i had to bet i would say the former and furthermore the fact that both fujin and ryjin and demons would link in pretty well with dragon's position as a member of the decline being the natural enemy of the world nobles in the same way that demons would be the natural enemy of the gods and one other name to throw into the mythical zoan mix might also be susano the japanese god of storms and sea sea being particularly relevant in the lord of one piece and i could probably go on for over listing mythical figures who have been linked to having the power of wind or storms so let's just end that particular exploration by saying that the realm of zoans is wide open for dragon to fit rather comfortably into but another thought that's often brought up though is that dragon would be a literal dragon zoan fruit which is an idea that i'm personally not wildly keen on it's just a bit too on the nose given that his name is literally dragon and right now we're exploring that whole idea of dragons with the wanowarks kaito could very much be a dragon zoan fruit user albeit an eastern dragon although that still has very much yet to be confirmed but we also have mom and osuke whose artificial devil fruit was clearly based on an eastern dragon heavily resembling kaito so i guess there's room for dragon to be another type of dragon but really after wanow i'm hoping that we're kind of done with dragons not that my hopes have any bearing on the series whatsoever though which is why i do mention it here out of sheer obligation but let's also briefly touch on the paramecia class now though and i feel like we can dismiss this pretty easily low gears and zoans both make a decent degree of sense but you would really have to stretch your thinking to make a decent case for a paramecia these fruits tend to have very isolated effects when not awakened that is and are mainly focused on bodily augmentation and even when they're not like foxy's noran oranomy they still have a comparatively small area of effect but it's just so unlikely that with everything we've seen dragon could be lumped into the paramecia realm and i can't even think of a decent way in which i could argue it even if i was to take for granted that he was an awakened user so if you can please do say so in the comments below because i would be quite interested to hear your paramecia related ideas but we also need to ask the very necessary question of is dragon even a fruit user to begin with a lot of this video has taken many assumptions as something of a fact and that well that can be a very dangerous thing because here's the deal yes dragon has been associated with grand wind phenomena on two separate occasions but both of those cases could have been a different character such as another member of the revolutionary army well you've never seen dragon invoke this strange wind power and in fact in its very first demonstration the manga dragon actually looks like he's defending himself or bracing against the wind and it's difficult to imagine him engaging in this act if he were say a wind logia because why would you bother you are literally wind so it's not going to affect you and i'd also say something similar for a myth gozoan but it is very important to note that the anime not only admitted the line that accompanied this panel but also the winds effect on dragon we do not see his reaction to the wind which could be an instance of odor perhaps regretting depicting dragon that way and fully forming the idea of his powers at a later date because here's something that not a lot of people want to admit but one piece is much less planned than you would think it's really solidly done in general but odor does retroactively change earlier ideas after discovering better ones so it's hard to know how much stock to place in a piece of art that was drawn 21 years ago at this stage and if dragon is a double fruit user then maybe he wasn't intended to be at this point and maybe he still isn't intended to be one and of course there are always going to exist some more left field explanations like the idea that dragon and the revolutionary army might have control of the ancient weapon Uranus the most mysterious of the three to us at this point but one that is heavily hinted to have a sky based effect to match how pluton devastates land and Poseidon controls the sea and as such Uranus could have a powerful wind based effect that dragon is able to harness because who knows what form it takes not me that's who but my personal conclusion on the matter is less to do with these potential demonstrations of power and more about how dragon is depicted when at peace on bolt ago the situations with log town and the goer kingdom are what people tend to fixate on but there is just something so revealing about how dragon is depicted in his downtime because even in the most subtle and arguably boring points of his life wind is still a paramount feature it surrounds dragon in a very unique way especially when you consider that wind is hailed as one of the most unpredictable and destructive forces within the grand lion and the new world meanwhile in regards to dragon wind is startlingly predictable controllable and even calm so if I had to place a bet right now on if dragon was a devil fruit user then I would probably say yes just because with the old Occam's razor theory it's the simplest explanation regardless of whether it is a wind logiel or a mythical zone every other explanation very much requires a further leap of logic which is certainly not impossible to make by any means but I do find it difficult to invest too much stock into those thoughts when there is a much easier alternative to latch onto but even with that in mind that is the beauty of one piece because those stranger left field ideas can more often than not become reality and in fact ideas that absolutely no one predicted can take the stage and as such all I can really do is look forward to the inevitable day the dragon's powers are revealed but what do you guys think please do leave your thoughts in the comments below or even join my discord server and if you'd like to see more videos like this then please do go check out some of my other content or even subscribe to the channel for more glorious one-piece business uploaded straight into your youtube feeds but for now this has been the ground line review and I'll see you next time


Welcome back everyone. This is Geeks are sexy on the 4th Thursday of the month talking about how to be successful in Las Vegas how to be a leader here in Las Vegas and beyond We're back with pebbles Franco from top tier realty our third guest for the day Pebbles has been involved in real estate in every aspect of the real estate business from sales to investing to property management I think just part of the business you haven't done Very passionate about helping families build their fight their financial portfolio She assists buyers in building equity and sellers in utilizing their equity to obtain their financial goals She's looked all over and worked real estate markets on the East Coast the Midwest and the Southwest so you know She knows what she's talking about. She understands the market in a way that someone who's just worked locally Doesn't necessarily understand the business. So we're all gonna learn from her today. Welcome pebbles. Thank you for being here So you got started real estate really really young I did tell us the story of how you got started and how did that set you on the path you're on now? Well, I got started because my mother was a was a real estate broker my dad was a real estate agent in California Northern, California and My first job was answering my mother's phone In our home office. I had to do a lot of faxing I did my first open house by myself when I was 12 years old Is quite an experience got to meet the public and kind of learn more about What buyers are expecting from a home and how to present the property? Okay, cool Now when I said you've done it all you really have you've been an investor You've been a property manager and not just like you've owned a property management company You've been someone out there at the properties doing the property management What has that taught you about the business and how does that help you? Help the buyers and sellers you work with to achieve those financial goals Well, it's funny because a lot of buyers don't know what they're looking for they have an idea But they don't know at the end of the day what they really are looking for so what my goal is is to sit down with my clients Whether they're buyers or sellers and find out what their real goal is what is it? They're trying to obtain and then creatively find ways to get them what it is they need water And this is off this is off the script, but what are some of the questions you ask a buyer and a seller? I want because I want to I want people before they contact you to be thinking about these things Well, one of the first questions I ask is I get the idea of what their goal is Okay, what are you looking for? What do you have any pets? What are you trying to be near? Who are you trying to be near? What's the reason for you moving in the first place? So a lot of people will say oh, I've heard of summerlin It's a great area. I want to live there or Henderson. It's a great area I want to live there, but they work in the Northwest right crazy, right? They don't like traffic and they have no idea how bad the 15 can get right 24 hours a day So I'm trying to find key things about their life. They're specific Routines whether they like to go to a specific gym Whether they need to be near parks whether they have pets that want to go to the dog park on every Saturday That kind of thing those are the things that I'm looking for these are these are such important questions And I I'm still in the first home. I bought I'm actually in it again after leaving with the Air Force and coming back And it's perfect for me and my pet, but I wish it worked out really well for me But I wish someone had asked me these kinds of questions when I was first looking to buy a home in 2002 Usually the agents or it will ask you. What is it? You're looking for what's your price range? Okay, here's a bunch of properties, but at the end of the day, you're not just looking for a property You're looking for a home that works around your lifestyle Absolutely. So getting to know that buyer getting to know the sellers as well because some sellers are Under the impression my home is worth a million dollars or whatnot, but of course everybody would like a million dollars for their home Well, it seems like it is because there's unless your home's worth more than a million dollars on the paper So on the paper today, there's seven thousand homes in the market in Las Vegas Valley as of yesterday, right? Right now and the thing is a lot of buyers don't know that they can qualify for them That's one of the biggest issues I see is buyers not knowing that they can qualify for a home Okay, and how do you help them with that? How do you help them find the ways that they can qualify for a home? Well, I actually do homebuyer workshops every month. So that way people can get to know What's programs are out there? Mm-hmm. What they need to do to get on the right track to be able to purchase a home Most people don't even know if you qualify to get into a rental and you most likely are already qualified to get into a home purchase I want you to look right in that camera and say that one more time for everybody That's a really you can get into a rental right now in Las Vegas A lot of the criteria is very similar to getting into a home right now So please please call us Let us sit down and we'll go over what it is you need in order to get you into the right home And the reason I want you to look look right in that camera and say that it's because when we you and I sat down yesterday We talked a lot about Breaking the cycle of renting dear God. Yes, and and we talked about we we talked about this idea We created these two images breaking the cycle of renting and starting to climb that climb that ladder of family wealth And why is it so important to break that cycle of renting? Well, it's one it's a cycle that your children are saying and two it's a cycle that your children will get stuck in It's a never-ending cycle that is passed down Generationally because if you don't know then your children don't know and their children don't know So taking the time to understand what it is and how you can get into a home And how that benefits you today you tomorrow you next year and your future generations Is so important and nobody else will sit down and talk to these people and explain that to them Not in that environment and that's really important because if you don't have the knowledge and the experience to pass on to your kids About your own whether you own home for a while and a renting again because it makes sense for you But to have that to be able to pass that knowledge and experience on is what your kids are really going to need To make their own choice That's right for them when they're in their 20s or 30s and they have a family right set themselves up for retirement For being able to make the financial decisions that they want to and giving them options That's my biggest thing. I like to give my clients options So so the first thing that people can do to break this cycle if you're renting Chances are you qualify for a home loan if you're renting? So I want to make sure we say that a couple of times But they can come to your first time homebuyer workshop and give us the broad brushstrokes You're gonna talk about what you're we're gonna ask you all these questions These are the things you should think about before you even look at homes, right? What are some of the other things you cover in this workshop when the workshop we start with the process, okay? So we take them through the entire process of what to expect and how I carry out that process with my team That way they're already gonna be familiar with what steps we're gonna be taking throughout the process because I know that buying a home Can be scary as a first-time homebuyer. It's a big expense But it doesn't have to be a scary one. Okay, cool. What are some of the questions you get in the homebuyer workshop? Well, I get a lot of specific questions like oh well What if my AC doesn't work after I buy the house or how am I supposed to be able to ford repairs or Things like well, I had a credit problem a few years ago. How's that going to affect me now? And a lot of the answers that are would be pertaining to buyers Trying to get into a rental Those same answers generally would apply from when you're buying a home I mean there are certain situations that will come up that are exceptions to the rule There's always exceptions. Everybody is a unique person with their own unique experiences So I can't say that just because your co-worker has the same job as have the same work Experiences you that they're going to qualify for the exact same amount. You right. It is not a cookie-cutter system but it is a very very Similar system. Yeah, it seems like the playing field is relatively even if you know what you're doing If you ask good questions when you start again, those were questions. I never bothered to ask before I bought a home I just like I want to buy a house. You're like you're in the Air Force. You here's a VA loan, right? So which are great because if you get a VA loan, those are amazing They are so if you're if you have questions like that if that's what's keeping you from looking into buying a home How would I pay for a pair is what happens if my AC goes out or who takes care of it? Am I stuck taking care of it? Have I owned the home? Come to Pebble's class. What are your you have two classes scheduled coming up, right? I have one for July 30th It'll be a total line at Boca Park and I have another one scheduled for August 7th at the same location at Total line at Boca Park. Okay, great. So Classes coming up lots of questions. You have a process that can help people If people are looking for help or they're looking to buy a home and they don't even if they don't need help Tell us tell the viewers how they can reach you well They can always reach me at my email at Pebble's at unique dash home dash solutions comm or by phone at 7 0 2 845 4796 Awesome. Well, thank you so much for being here today. You made me excited to go buy another house So I'm not you can't be a lot. I'm not gonna I can But thank you for being here today Stay right there because we're gonna bring Casey and Teresa back We're gonna have our panel discussion and these fine ladies who've been through a lot in their business careers Are gonna talk about how they stick with their goals when things get really tough. So stay right here. We'll be right back