From Seattle, Washington, extracting the signal from the noise, it's theCUBE on the ground at LinuxCon North America 2015. Now, here's your host, Jeff Frick. Hi, Jeff Frick here with theCUBE. We are on the ground in Seattle, Washington at the LinuxCon North America 2015 conference. We wanted to come up, get a feel for what's going on, really at the granddaddy of all open source projects in the enterprise, which is Linux and LinuxCon. And we're really excited to be joined by our next guest, Michael Miller, VP Alliance and Product Management at SUSE, welcome. Thanks, glad to be here. Absolutely. First off, thanks for sponsoring theCUBE. It's without sponsors like you guys who wouldn't be able to go out and really bring the signal back to the people that weren't able to make it to Seattle. So thank you very much for that. And for the people that aren't familiar with SUSE, I want to give them kind of the overview of what you guys are all about. Sure, so at SUSE we do enterprise Linux and open source solutions. So we've been in the Linux industry now for 20 some years. And we've also have our own open stack distribution, which has been in market now several years. And our newest venture is into software-defined distributed storage. And across all of those different solutions, we really focus on the enterprise. Enterprise quality, scalability, reliability is our hallmark as a brand. So these are great times for you guys because we're open source, maybe wasn't such an enterprise standard. I'm sure it wasn't 22 years ago. It was tough. Now open source is everywhere, right? It is, you know, and it's funny. It's, you know, in a way, way back in the day, the early days, open source was kind of a different way to do things compared to a standard. Today, really, open source is becoming how people innovate. It's becoming the norm versus the other way. And it's really come a long ways and just in the last decade. Yeah, it's amazing. It's really tough to compete on an innovation cycle with an engaged community of tackling problems together. Yeah, I mean, the pace and the scale of innovation that can be achieved in an open source model is just simply unmatched by anything else. But then as always, right, what is old is new again. And one of the announcements I think you guys made here at the show was all around IBM and their system Z mainframe. So I wonder if you can give us an update on there. We were actually at the system Z event earlier this year. And again, it's innovation on IBM's part, taking this old system, the mainframe, and really repurposing it for a lot of modern day applications. What's your guys play there? So what we've done, we actually were the first to bring Linux to the mainframe 15 years ago, working engineer to engineer with IBM. We were the first distribution running on the mainframe. And then we've maintained that collaboration, that deeply rooted engineering collaboration with IBM ever since. And so what we're announcing this week is working together with them on KVM, which is really strong growing standard of virtualization. There's so many engineers and administrators and developers that know KVM and then bringing that technology to the mainframe that can bring all those application developers and administrators with it is what we're announcing today. So right now we are the only distribution supporting IBM's new KVM for IBM Z systems on the mainframe. Now, is that driven by application needs? Is it something where you just kind of know it's there or is that kind of market driven? What was kind of the motivation behind making that move? So there's a real, I think a real pent up demand for real scale-up technology, which of course the mainframe is the ideal scale-up machine. And then there's this huge wave of new development, application development going on that could benefit from a scale-up platform. So using KVM as the platform allows all of the developers developing all this great new stuff to leverage that scale-up capability. If they didn't have that familiar virtualization platform to work on, it would be much harder to adopt the mainframe platform. So this lowers that bar. And then it's ironic, right? What's old is now new, but then what's new is new as well. So a couple of weeks ago we were at DockerCon, right? All the rage is containers now. DockerCon, DockerCon containers, really kind of a manifestation of this consumerization of IT where let the app developers develop, it doesn't matter what they're deploying on and move it from their laptop to their AWS test and dev instance to production cloud on OpenStack. So talk a bit about what you guys are doing on the container side. Sure, so containers are really exciting. I mean, this creates a level of application portability and speed of development and deployment. That's just absolutely amazing. To me, this is a paradigm shift. And what's really interesting about this is how the old world of build it, deploy it, manage it, maintain it, and then upgrade it in place, it changes all of that, right? So it creates, driven by this culture of development and DevOps, it brings all of what used to be way out there in this sort of maintenance mode back into the development place. So you develop and deploy and manage all in one place. And so the speed and the pace at which you can bring new services to market for your customers is amazing. And it's really interesting to me how Agile is a software methodology to do that, really now translates into Agile as a way to go to market, run your business, don't try to figure it out exactly, get a minimum viable product up, get it out, listen to the marketplace and continue to iterate and iterate. Yeah, it's that iterative process, I think that makes, takes a development, the iteration and the agility of the development methodology now allows an agility of the business methodology. So it's really interesting to see that surface in the business behavior we can now bring to market. Right, and then too, just the expected, the expected ability to do that, right? And no one has the patience, no one is ever going to wait weeks and weeks for someone to purchase some servers and get them spun up and this and that. So it's really changed the way people think. I wonder if you could talk about from the customer perspective, because you guys are in the solution space, how are you seeing this kind of manifest itself within your customer base? How they adopt these technologies, change or go to market, change your product strategy, change kind of what they're doing. So for containerization, you know, it's still very early days, which is why we need to form groups like the Open Container Initiative project to standardize what is a container, how do you deploy a container, how do you find those applications that are in containers? And I think we need to get some of those standards developed before we're going to see the mass enterprise adoption that we all want. So our focus right now is to help build those standards while we move the technology forward. That said, there's a lot of very sophisticated, early adopters, both solution partners and customers that are experimenting with containers in seeing that agility benefit already. You've got an interesting title because you've got alliances and product management both in your title. So talk about how being so involved in open source and using kind of open source as an anchor, if you will, it's kind of a level set, enables you to have better alliances, build products with partners and go to market in a way that you couldn't if you're just kind of doing a Barney deal and trying to kind of connect two different technologies. Right. So, you know, one as an operating system vendor and a platform vendor, open stack storage, it's in our DNA to partner. And it's the open source methodology as well. So there's a real logic for us around building things that provide both our partners and our customers with choice. Whether that's at the hypervisor level, the hardware level or at a platform level, it's just, it's what we do. It's how we do business. So you've got a conference coming up. Give us a little bit of plug. Your conference is in a really horrible place to go visit, right? Amsterdam. Amsterdam. So what is your conference? How many people are going to be there? Why should people come? So, SuzyCon, the very first week of November in Amsterdam. So. Bring a sweater. Bring a sweater. And it's going to be fantastic. We're going to cover obviously Suzy technologies, everything from Linux to open stack to Seth storage, but also a whole range of other open source topics. We'll be talking about public cloud, hybrid cloud, containers, Docker, and we'll have a lot of our partners there with us as well, representing as sponsors and presenters. And if you're interested in development, if you're a hands on user of these technologies in the enterprise, this is a conference for you. There are fantastic educational sessions, hands on labs, certification classes, all of that stuff happening in that one place over three or four days. So as you went through all those open source projects, I can't help but think I always go back to the CIO that's working at a big Fortune 500, trying to sort all this stuff out from that side of the table. So what advice do you give to your customers on solutions that are seeing this plethora of open source opportunities and these new things like Docker and Spark, and they're just trying to kind of keep a handle on it. What do you tell them? How do they keep on top of it? Obviously you guys do it for a living, but how do you help your customers kind of navigate the seas here? Well, they need partners. They need vendors like Suza and our partners that really understand the enterprise, because there are so many things popping up all the time that are exciting and everybody wants to jump in there and do them, right? But as an enterprise, CIO or IT organization, you can't be on your own trying to experiment with every upstream project that pops up. So working with Suza, we're happy to help our customers kind of find their path through that chaos of innovation and align with their business goals and give them the enterprise quality services that they need. Yeah. Well, that's a great wrap, Michael. Thanks for stopping by. My pleasure. Exciting times in open source. Certainly a whole different world than it was 22 years ago. That is for sure. All right. So we are here at LinuxCon in Seattle, Washington. I'm Jeff Frick. You're watching theCUBE. We'll see you next time.


Everybody for a spirit ripping 2022 Phoenix football hobby for box number 51 picker team style Alessandro T with Washington Brian F. Cardinals Colby C. Bengals Eric J. Packers Julio with the Dolphins Hunter B Saints and Bucks Jeff s Titans Joe o Raiders Joey B. Bills Jonathan B Panthers Jordan L. Bears Jordan B with the Texans Joseph M. Lyons Mark G. Cowboys Mark W Rams Mason s chiefs Michael T. Steelers Niners and Eagles Nathan a Colts Nick H Ravens Nunsio Patriots Patrick E Broncos Paul and Jets Russell P. Seahawks Ryan M. Chargers Vikings Ryan F Browns Giants Tom J. Jags and Falcons. Good luck everybody. Here we go. Have the magic with the he do turkey loo That's gonna skip the recap on this one because we are about a break behind save some time here It's a George Pickens to 99 rookie Jersey Otto nice start for the Steelers 99 George Pickens rookie Jersey. Oh, he definitely got That's not a great signature right there, but he definitely changed it and Be like a line since then silver golly day Joe Namath on the fire forged orange to 99 Jets DK Brad rookie Pierre Strong Jr. Patriots 250 playing throwers Russell Wilson Pink Rookie Cold Strange Patriots Numbered to 199 hot routes Garrett Wilson Redder bays a mere white to 149 Raiders for key Jersey card color burst of Ante Adams Raiders red hot routes trail on Berks Coming up trail on Berks Titans out of 199 400 points random to everybody at the end got my emote and Chad playing throwers Aaron Rodgers strange wildcard points Really had a lot of that so we Silver rookie Malik Willis Titans you guys extra points card. That's strange aqua rookie Jalen Tolbert Cowboys numbered to 150 He rising breeze hall purple McCaffrey Niners Numbered to 125 hot routes Terry McLauren Flamethrowers Justin Herbert numbered to 125 chargers Malik Willis flamethrowers Green Justin Herbert chargers numbered 16 to 25 low numbered Herbie contours Cooper Cup Nick Chubb on the red for the Browns Number to 250 Steve Young fire forged Six series down to 12 now I think Yep 12 to go on the first six series break of the evening purple Tyler Bady rookie for the Ravens that one's out of 125 Hot routes Mike Williams Nicoby Dean red Eagles numbered to 250 Trevor Lawrence flamethrowers There's link for you right there one in case auto per spot in Star Wars six series Pink rookie Devonte Wyatt Packers that one's numbered to 199 contours Aden Hutchinson Aquastip Connor rookie Jaguars Number to 150 rookie rising Christian Watson Got a contours Pat Tillman for the Cardinals numbered to 175 flamethrowers Joe burrow Rookie Aqua Auto Key onto angriom that one's going to the Cardinals 25 rookie silver Cam Taylor Britt Bengels hope you're having a good Monday night red Matt Corral Panthers 250 Panthers rookie there Brett far fire forage is there a sporting event y'all looking forward to this week at all finals the only top finals Women's College World Series Where's men's College World Series at it's still in the regionals gotcha 75 Alec Pierce rookie patch card Colts if you're excited for Sean and Donnie golf showdown Conor color burst with the Jags rookie own some noobs in Fort. Yeah, it's cuz Sean and I aren't playing right now Orange to a dolphins still the answer if you got my request number to 99 did you get Sean's request Steve? Did you add for shizzle shizzle can't say my name Can't do it crystal lava at a 299 Saints rookie Jersey Auto Hello to our next box Silver goth lions. Oh, we did. Oh, there you go Horace McLaren to 150 for the commanders every time you get on those you know, I gotta go Ice for shot penny Seahawks I'm very to 50 Yeah Like on Thornton to 149 rookie dual Jersey Auto Patriots Silver Dallas Goddard just like actually get really tired Red hot routes Jalen waddle number two one on a yes, so tired that like stink up the joint. It is terrible at it Can't beat anybody at anything red Devontae Adams Raiders number two two fifty contours Josh Allen Pink I uke Niners number two to 199 rookie rising Kenny Pickett Steelers The Sun Haskins the 149 Titans rookie Jersey card. They Pretty good size crease in the top right here I have to get a box wrap route to the Titan spot. It's 249. Sorry about that Tennessee and Famous James Colorbursts for the Saints contours to March Hays once pink to 175 Bengals hot routes Devontae Adams A lot of points in this. I don't see never seen as many points in Phoenix rookie silver Romeo Dobb's Packers 400 random to everybody the end Got magma rookie cave on tibet out for the Giants that was number to 175 contours Kenny Pickett rookie Steelers For one Florida got a gold back real early in the third Oh man Aqua Mahomes chiefs number to 150 Steve Young fireforged black five of ten The cool looking card Niners hot routes Kyle Pitts purple Tana Hill Titans Number to 125 to a flamethrowers ice James Robinson Jets to 50 fire and ice hot routes Robbins in there Probably can't get it back Yeah, I bought a few so how do you get the Metallica one? I got the wiggle dude I might have to get the gritty No, not that one the other one. I don't know. I don't know how to describe it. I ain't about to do it either Red feeling Vikings number to 250 Ricky silver Devontae white Packers yet. I just brought a bunch out Pink rookie David Bell Browns out of 199 Terry Bradshaw fire forged Yeah, this one ends how long does take before the national and starts like a day or something Magma movement a 175 Jags rookie. What's up? So is it starts? Also, soon as the one ends is that that's on the next one starts Corporal Ricky James Williams Lyons number to 125 I think there was burrow Well, I was like why I was like I like scrapped my nose I'm just like dust go on my face. Oh Vegas got one back. I didn't blast So I guess I'm gonna sanitize my hands. I had to scratch my face March is so There's a BS dead You look all right to me Purple CD lamb going to Dallas Number to 125 Our outs Mike Williams Orange likely rookie Ravens Number to 99 playing throwers Lawrence Ricky pink auto Chad Momo Jaguars numbered to 50 Silver to Cove Myers We're definitely gonna beat Steve on that internet Ricky rising red Christian walk at Watson Packers It's worth 99 it might take Sean like both to beat Steve though like That's what I would think Red Kyle Hamilton Rookie Ravens 250 Lave got pink Deandre Hopkins Cardinals Out of 199 Jalen waddle hot routes Dolphins 25 Jalen Tolbert on the rookie patch card for Dallas and color burst Cardinals Robbie Anderson Chosen Anderson aqua rookie Kenneth Walker the third to 150 Seahawks And when's flamethrowers points random again not gonna recap just trying to make up a little bit of time here Three points cards of four boxes one of these was extra though Because the first box we had the RPA and then two points card. So one was extra and OBS does They'll disconnection dance again. Maybe I should get that one Three points cards top three spots in the random get them. This is wild card Then there's a couple four hundreds top spot gets wild card spots two and three get the four hundred good luck and Vegas Seven times again top three here seven times one two three four five six and seven So Giants get wild card and then it's Lions Saints That'll do it. Thanks again everybody on to more football


in Romania, in Slobozia. Thank you for joining us today at the opening ceremony of the multinational journal-leveled exercise Saber-Guardian 23.


CHAPTER VIII. THE WORLD AND THE UNIVERSITY. Living Home. Creating a sensation in Pardeeville. A ride on a locomotive. At the State Fair in Madison. Employment in a machine shop at Prairie de Chine. Back to Madison. Entering the university. Teaching school. First lesson in Botany. More inventions. The University of the Wilderness. When I told Father that I was about to leave home and inquired whether, if I should happen to be in need of money, he would send me a little, he said, No. Depend entirely on yourself. Good advice, I suppose, but surely needlessly severe for a bashful, home-loving boy who had worked so hard. I had the gold sovereign that my grandfather had given me when I left Scotland, and a few dollars, perhaps ten, that I had made by raising a few bushels of grain on a little patch of sandy, abandoned ground. So, when I left home to try the world, I had only about fifteen dollars in my pocket. Strange to say, Father carefully taught us to consider ourselves very poor worms of the dust, conceived in sin, etc., and devoutly believed that quenching every spark of pride and self-confidence was a sacred duty, without realizing that in so doing he might, at the same time, be quenching everything else. Praise, he considered most venomous, and tried to assure me that when I was fairly out in the wicked world, making my own way, I would soon learn that, although I might have thought him a hard task master at times, strangers were far harder. On the contrary, I found no lack of kindness and sympathy. All the baggage I carried was a package made up of the two clocks and a small thermometer made of a piece of old washboard, all three tied together, with no covering or case of any sort, the whole looking like one very complicated machine. The aching parting from mother and my sisters was, of course, hard to bear. Father let David drive me down to Partyville, a place I had never before seen, though it was only nine miles south of the hickory hill home. When we arrived at the village tavern, it seemed deserted. Not a single person was in sight. I set my clock baggage on the rickety platform. David said good-bye and started for home, leaving me alone in the world. The grinding noise made by the wagon in turning short brought out the landlord, and the first thing that caught his eye was my strange bundle. Then he looked at me and said, Hello, young man, what's this? Machines, I said, for keeping time and getting up in the morning and so forth. Well, well, that's a mighty queer get-up. You must be a down-east Yankee. Where did you get the pattern for such a thing? In my head, I said. Someone down the street happened to notice the landlord looking intently at something and came up to see what it was. Three or four people in that little village formed an attractive crowd, and in fifteen or twenty minutes the greater part of the population of Partyville stood gazing in a circle around my strange hickory belongings. I kept outside of the circle to avoid being seen, and had the advantage of hearing the remarks without being embarrassed. Almost everyone, as he came up, would say, What's that? What's it for? Who made it? The landlord would answer them all alike. Why, a young man that lives out in the country somewhere made it, and he says it's a thing for keeping time, getting up in the morning, and something that I didn't understand. I don't know what he meant. Oh, no, one of the crowd would say that can't be. It's for something else, something mysterious. Mark my words, you'll see all about it in the newspaper some of these days. A curious little fellow came running up the street, joined the crowd, stood on tiptoe to get sight of the wonder, quickly made up his mind, and shouted in a crisp, confident, cock-crowing style, I know what that contraptions for. It's a machine for taking the bones out of fish. This was in the time of the great popular phrenology craze, when the fences and barns along the roads throughout the country were plastered with big skull-bump posters, headed, no, thyself, and advising everybody to attend schoolhouse lectures to have their heads explained, and be told what they were good for, and whom they ought to marry. My mechanical bundle seemed to bring a good deal of this phrenology to mind, for many of the onlookers would say, I wish I could see that boy's head. He must have a tremendous bump of invention. Others complimented me by saying, I wish I had that fellow's head, I'd rather have it than the best farm in the state. I stayed overnight at this little tavern waiting for a train. In the morning I went to the station and set my bundle on the platform. Along came the thundering train, a glorious sight, the first train I had ever waited for. When the conductor saw my queer baggage, he cried, Hello! What have we here? Inventions for keeping time, early rising, and so forth. May I take them into the car with me? You can take them where you like, he replied. But you had better give them to the baggage-master. If you take them into the car they will draw a crowd and might get broken. So I gave them to the baggage-master and made haste to ask the conductor whether I might ride on the engine. He, good-naturedly, said, Yes, it's the right place for you, run ahead and tell the engineer what I say.  By this time the conductor, standing ready to start his train, was watching to see what luck I had. And when he saw me returning came ahead to meet me. The engineer won't let me on, I reported. Won't he, said the kind conductor? Oh, I guess he will, you come down with me. And so he actually took the time and patience to walk the length of that long train to get me on to the engine. Charlie, said he, addressing the engineer, Don't you ever take a passenger? Very seldom, he replied. Anyhow, I wish you would take this young man on. He has the strangest machines in the baggage car I ever saw in my life. I believe he could make a locomotive. He wants to see the engine running. Let him on. Then in a low whisper he told me to jump on, which I did gladly. The engineer offering neither encouragement nor objection. As soon as the train was started the engineer asked what the strange thing the conductor spoke of really was. Only inventions for keeping time, getting folk up in the morning and so forth, I hastily replied. And before he could ask any more questions I asked permission to go outside of the cab to see the machinery.  Assuring him that I would come back promptly I went out and walked along the footboard on the side of the boiler, watching the magnificent machine rushing through the landscapes as if glorying in its strength like a living creature. While seated on the cow catcher platform I seemed to be fairly flying, and the wonderful display of power and motion was enchanting. This was the first time I had ever been on a train much less a locomotive since I had left Scotland. When I got to Madison I thanked the kind conductor and engineer for my glorious ride, inquired the way to the fair, shouldered my inventions and walked to the fairground. When I applied for an admission ticket at the window by the gate I told the agent that I had something to exhibit. What is it he inquired? Well, here it is look at it. When he craned his neck through the window and got a glimpse of my bundle he cried excitedly, oh, you don't need a ticket come right in. When I inquired of the agent where such things as mine should be exhibited he said, you see that building up on the hill with a big flag on it? That's the Fine Arts Hall and is just the place for your wonderful invention. So I went up to the Fine Arts Hall and looked in, wondering if they would allow wooden things in so fine a place. I was met at the door by a dignified gentleman who greeted me kindly and said, young man what have we got here? Two clocks and a thermometer I replied. Did you make these? They look wonderfully beautiful and novel and must I think prove the most interesting feature of the fair. Where shall I place them? I inquired. Just look around young man and choose the place you like best, whether it is occupied or not. You can have your pick of all the building and a carpenter to make the necessary shelving and assist you in every way possible. So I quickly had a shelf made large enough for all of them, went out on the hill and picked up some glacier boulders of the right size for weights and in fifteen or twenty minutes the clocks were running. They seemed to attract more attention than anything else in the hall. I got lots of praise from the crowd and the newspaper reporters. The local press reports were copied into the eastern papers. It was considered wonderful that a boy on a farm had been able to invent and make such things and almost every spectator foretold good fortune. But I had been so lectured by my father above all things to avoid praise that I was afraid to read those kind newspaper notices and never clipped out or preserved any of them, just glanced at them and turned away my eyes from beholding vanity. They gave me a prize of ten or fifteen dollars and a diploma for wonderful things not down in the list of exhibits. Many years later, after I had written articles and books, I received a letter from the gentleman who had charge of the Fine Arts Hall. He proved to be the Professor of English Literature in the University of Wisconsin at this fair time, and long afterward he sent me clippings of reports of his lectures. He had a lecture on me, discussing style, etc., and telling how well he remembered my arrival at the Hall in my shirt sleeves with those mechanical wonders on my shoulder, and so forth and so forth. These inventions, though of little importance, opened all doors for me and made marks that have lasted many years, simply, I suppose, because they were original and promising. I was looking around in the meantime to find out where I should go to seek my fortune and invent her at the fair by the name of Weard, was exhibiting an ice boat he had invented to run on the Upper Mississippi from Prairie du Chine to St. Paul during the winter months, explaining how useful it would be thus to make a highway of the river while it was closed to ordinary navigation by ice. After he saw my inventions he offered me a place in his foundry and machine shop in Prairie du Chine, and promised to assist me all he could. So I made up my mind to accept his offer and rode with him to Prairie du Chine in his ice boat, which was mounted on a flat car. I soon found, however, that he was seldom at home, and that I was not likely to learn much at his small shop. I found a place where I could work for my board and devote my spare hours to mechanical drawing, geometry, and physics, making but little headway, however, although the Pelton family for whom I worked were very kind. I made up my mind after a few months stay in Prairie du Chine to return to Madison, hoping that in some way I might be able to gain an education. At Madison I raised a few dollars by making and selling a few of those bedsteads that set the sleepers on their feet in the morning, inserting in the footboard the works of an ordinary clock that could be bought for a dollar. I also made a few dollars addressing circulars in an insurance office, while at the same time I was paying my board by taking care of a pair of horses and going errands. This is of no great interest except that I was thus winning my bread while hoping that something would turn up that might enable me to make money enough to enter the State University. This was my ambition, and it never wavered no matter what I was doing. No university, it seemed to me, could be more admirably situated, and as I sauntered about it, charmed with its fine lawns and trees and beautiful lakes, and saw the students going and coming with their books and occasionally practicing with a theodolite in measuring distances. I thought that if I could only join them it would be the greatest joy of life. I was desperately hungry and thirsty for knowledge, and willing to endure anything to get it. One day I chanced to meet a student who had noticed my inventions at the fair and now recognized me. And when I said, you are fortunate fellows to be allowed to study in this beautiful place, I wish I could join you. Well, why don't you, he said? I haven't money enough, I said. Oh, as to money, he reassuringly explained, very little is required. I presume you're able to enter the freshman class, and you can board yourself as quite a number of us do at a cost of about a dollar a week. The baker and milkman come every day. You can live on bread and milk. Well, I thought maybe I have money enough for at least one beginning term, anyhow I couldn't help trying. With fear and trembling overladen with ignorance I called on Professor Stirling, the dean of the faculty, who was then acting president, presented my case and told him how far I had got on with my studies at home, and that I hadn't been to school since leaving Scotland at the age of eleven years, accepting one short term of a couple of months at a district school, because I could not be spared from the farm work. After hearing my story, the kind professor welcomed me to the glorious university, next it seemed to me to the kingdom of heaven. After a few weeks in the preparatory department I entered the freshman class. In Latin I found that one of the books in use I had already studied in Scotland, so after an interruption of a dozen years I began my Latin over again where I had left off, and, strange to say, most of it came back to me, especially the grammar which I had committed to memory at the Dunbar Grammar School. During the four years that I was at the university I earned enough in the harvest fields during the long summer vacations to carry me through the balance of each year, working very hard, cutting with a cradle four acres of wheat a day, and helping to put it in the shock. But having to buy books and paying, I think, thirty-two dollars a year for instruction, and occasionally buying acids and retorts, glass tubing, bell glasses, flasks, etc., and I had to cut down expenses for board now and then to half a dollar a week. One winter I taught school ten miles north of Madison, earning much needed money at the rate of twenty dollars a month, boarding round and keeping up my university work by studying at night. As I was not then well enough off to own a watch I used one of my hickory clocks, not only for keeping time, but for starting the school fire in the cold mornings and regulating class times. I carried it out on my shoulder to the old log schoolhouse and set it to work on a little shelf nailed to one of the naughty bulging logs. The winter was very cold, and I had to go to the schoolhouse and start the fire about eight o'clock to warm it before the arrival of the scholars. This was a rather trying job, and one that my clock might easily be made to do. Therefore, after supper one evening I told the head of the family with whom I was boarding that if he would give me a candle I would go back to the schoolhouse and make arrangements for lighting the fire at eight o'clock without my having to be present until time to open the school at nine. He said, oh, young man, you have some curious things in the schoolroom, but I don't think you can do that. I said, oh, yes, it's easy, and in hardly more than an hour the simple job was completed. I had only to place a teaspoonful of powdered chlorate of potash and sugar on the stove hearth near a few shavings and kindling, and at the required time make the clock through a simple arrangement touch the inflammable mixture with a drop of sulfuric acid. Every evening after school was dismissed I shoveled out what was left of the fire into the snow, put in a little kindling, filled up the big box stove with heavy oak wood, placed the lighting arrangement on the hearth, and set the clock to drop the acid at the hour of eight, all this requiring only a few minutes. The first morning after I had made this simple arrangement I invited the doubting farmer to watch the old squat schoolhouse from a window that overlooked it to see if a good smoke did not arise from the stove pipe. Sure enough, on the minute he saw a tall column curling gracefully up through the frosty air, but instead of congratulating me on my success, he solemnly shook his head and said in a hollow, the gooberish voice, Young man, you will be setting fire to the schoolhouse. All winter long that faithful clock fire never failed, and by the time I got to the schoolhouse the stove was usually red hot. At the beginning of the long summer vacations I returned to the Hickory Hill Farm to earn the means in the harvest fields to continue my university course, walking all the way to save railroad fares.  At the noon hour I collected a large handful, put them in water to keep them fresh, and after supper got to work on them and sat up till after midnight, analyzing and classifying, thus leaving only four hours for sleep. And by the end of the first year, after taking up botany, I knew the principal flowering plants of the region. I received my first lesson in botany from a student by the name of Griswald, who is now county judge of the county of Waukesha, Wisconsin. In the university he was often laughed at on account of his anxiety to instruct others, and his frequently saying with fine emphasis, imparting instruction is my greatest enjoyment. One memorable day in June when I was standing on the stone steps of the north dormitory Mr. Griswald joined me and at once began to teach. He reached up, plucked a flower from an overspreading branch of a locus tree, and handing it to me, said, Muir, do you know what family this tree belongs to? No, I said I don't know anything about botany. Well no matter, said he, what is it like? It's like a pea flower, I replied. That's right, you're right, he said, it belongs to the pea family. But how can that be, I objected, when the pea is a weak, clinging, straggling herb, and the locus a big, thorny hardwood tree. Yes, that's true, he replied, as to the difference in size, but it is also true that in all their essential characters they are alike, and therefore they must belong to one and the same family. Just look at the peculiar form of the locus flower. You see that the upper petal, called the banner, is broad and erect, and so is the upper petal of the pea flower. The two lower petals, called the wings, are outspread and wing-shaped, so are those of the pea. And the two petals below the wings are united on their edges, curve upward, and form what is called the keel. And so you see are the corresponding petals of the pea flower. And now look at the stamens and pistols. You see that nine of the ten stamens have their filaments united into a sheath around the pistol, but the tenth stamen has its filaments free. These are very marked characters, are they not? And strange to say you will find them the same in the tree and in the vine. Now look at the ovules or seeds of the locus, and you will see that they are arranged in a pod or legume, like those of the pea. And look at the leaves. You see the leaf of the locus is made up of several leaflets, and so also is the leaf of the pea. Now taste the locus leaf. I did so and found that it tasted like the leaf of the pea. Nature has used the same seasoning for both, though one is a straggling vine, the other a big tree. Now surely you cannot imagine that all these similar characters are mere coincidences. Do they not rather go to show that the creator, in making the pea vine and locus tree, had the same idea in mind, and that plants are not classified arbitrarily? Man has nothing to do with their classification. Nature has attended to all that, giving essential unity with boundless variety, so that the botanist has only to examine plants to learn the harmony of their relations. This fine lesson charmed me, and sent me flying to the woods and meadows in wild enthusiasm. Like everybody else, I was always found of flowers, attracted by their external beauty and purity. Now my eyes were open to their inner beauty, all alike revealing glorious traces of the thoughts of God, and leading on and on into the infinite cosmos. I wandered away at every opportunity, making long excursions round the lakes, carrying specimens and keeping them fresh in a bucket in my room to study at night after my regular class tasks were learned for my eyes never closed on the plant glory I had seen. Nevertheless I still indulged my love of mechanical inventions. I invented a desk in which the books I had to study were arranged in order at the beginning of each term. I also made a bed which set me on my feet every morning at the hour determined on, and in dark winter mornings just as the bed set me on the floor it lighted a lamp. Then after the minutes allowed for dressing had elapsed a click was heard, and the first book to be studied was pushed up from a rack below the top of the desk, thrown open, and allowed to remain there the number of minutes required. Then the machine reclosed the book and allowed it to drop back into its stall. Then moved the rack forward and threw up the next in order and so on, all the day being divided into times of recitation and time required and allotted to each study. Besides this I thought it would be a fine thing in the summer time when the sun rose early to dispense with the clock-controlled bed machinery and make use of sunbeams instead. This I did simply by taking a lens out of my small spy glass, fixing it on a frame on the sill of my bedroom window and pointing it to the sunrise. The sunbeams focused on a thread, burned it through, allowing the bed machinery to put me on my feet. When I wished to arise at any given time after sunrise I had only to turn the pivoted frame that held the lens the requisite number of degrees or minutes. Thus I took Emerson's advice and hitched my dumping-wagon bed to a star. I also invented a machine to make visible the growth of plants and the action of the sunlight, a very delicate contrivance enclosed in glass. Besides this I invented a barometer and a lot of novel scientific apparatus. My room was regarded as a sort of show-place by the professors, who oftentimes brought visitors to it on Saturdays and holidays. And when some eighteen years after I had left the university I was sauntering over the campus in time of vacation and spoke to a man who seemed to be taking some charge of the grounds, he informed me that he was the janitor, and when I inquired what had become of Pat, the janitor in my time, and a favorite with the students, he replied that Pat was still alive and well, but now too old to do much work. And when I pointed to the dormitory room that I long ago occupied, he said, oh, then I know who you are, and mentioned my name. How comes it that you know my name I inquired? He explained that Pat always pointed out that room to newcomers and told long stories about the wonders that used to be in it. So long had the memory of my little invention survived. Although I was four years at the university I did not take the regular course of studies, but instead picked out what I thought would be most useful to me, particularly chemistry, which opened a new world, and mathematics and physics, a little Greek and Latin, botany, and geology. I was far from satisfied with what I had learned and should have stayed longer. Anyhow I wandered away on a glorious botanical and geological excursion, which has lasted nearly fifty years, and is not yet completed, always happy and free, poor and rich, without thought of a diploma or of making a name, urged on and on through endless, inspiring, Godful beauty. From the top of a hill on the north side of Lake Mandoda I gained a last, wistful lingering view of the beautiful university grounds and buildings where I had spent so many hungry and happy and hopeful days. There with streaming eyes I bade my blessed Alma Mater farewell, but I was only leaving one university for another, the Wisconsin University for the University of the Wilderness.


They always trying to censor us and put us in a box and figure that. Okay, well, let's stop them from cursing. Let's stop them. But you making movies.    But that's fine because all y'all profiting off of that. We on boss talk one on one.  You could, like my mom, my mom raised me in a church, right?  You know, she invested in my education.  You know what I'm saying? So that just shows you how it is and you got to look at it that way, you know, you look at it from your life, look at your parents and look at what you did. You know, your parents ain't raised you to go to penitentiary. They ain't raised you to sell drugs and be out to But you did it anyway. Anyway, so I want to go back to Sharani's wall because I know and I'm going to let you get out of here. That wall over there, she told me about this wall and people would put the new music on that wall.  Yeah, yeah. I want to hear about that, you know, on the outside of the building and just how that era was when, because it's an era that came, that hip hop pretty much embraced for sure and you were able to provide for hip hop. Could you just give us a little insight on it? Well, you know, the old building on Tinteli Boulevard had this big wall, which we used to lease out the wall, you know, the radio station is part of that just to have it.  And then when children came around and we needed to do the marketing, the wall was the best place. And it was, people came all over the country looking at this wall. Oh, did you know about that wall? Everybody know about that wall, right? Yeah, yeah, yeah, without a doubt, man. Was it pretty, was it a good advertisement? Great advertisement, it's better for the city. You know, Shirani was the leading, you know, record seller in New Orleans, always had been.    Yeah, you remember that? But that's what it is. If you don't like it, don't listen to it. No, I get it, but you know they was tripping, they was tripping. I remember they was tripping about it. They always trying to censor us and put us in a box and figure that. Okay, well, let's stop them from cursing. Let's stop them. But you making movies.  But when it's an individual that owns his own, especially an African American individual, black individual on his own, then you got a problem because why is he doing this? But you're not going after the powers that be that's perpetuating this other fields. You ain't with the porno field because who owns all of that? Who's more invested in that?  Like things that make money, believe me, you'll be surprised who's behind it. I agree with that, but one thing I've always said was in movies, when movies happen, we always tell our kids that it is not real. It's fake, unless it's based on a true story. But when the music industry, rap industry, a rapper is always like, that's my life, that's my reality, that's what I do. So a lot of kids growing up look at it like, I have to be like that if I want to be a rapper, compared to when you see things in the movie, that's make believe. Rap is more telling your story whatever it is. We told our story because that was our story. That don't mean you have to do that to be that. That just means that this is my story. I am telling when you do something, you have to be original to yourself. You have to be true to your story and what it is. You know what I'm saying?


Tau Meaning TV is your front row seat on Election Day. Tune in at 7.30pm on Tuesday, November 3rd for local election results, Canada interviews, commentary, voter views and voices, and a glimpse of what's happening around our state and region. We'll also bring you reports from the political parties, acceptance speeches, and real-time updates from local poll reporters waiting for all the ballots to be counted. Join us on November 3rd at 7.30pm, live on BT Channel 17 and 217, Comcast Channel 1087, Tau Meaning TV's YouTube channel, and of course, CH17.TV.


What contributes to another intraday wave analysis session with me, Patrick Munley wants to draw your attention to the euro dollar and the four hour intraday time frame here. And we're looking at this in positive advance off the lows. We've just taken out the swing high. Oh, we tested the swing high at 1906. No, we didn't get any divergence on that high. So that suggests we have a potential wave three high in place now looking for a wave four consolidation. Three ways I do to test this prior to sending trend line resistance now to act as support. We also have been presented a semi-trendline support coming at this one 1840. So I'm looking for bullish reversal. I can see it set long positions. Targeting a fifth wave outside objective at a minimum one 1925, potentially one 1970. From there, I think we see another leg to the downside before we make a challenge on the 120. As always, traders plan the trade, trade the plan and most importantly, manage your risk until next time. Thanks very much.


Hi, this is Sifu David, the mind and body mentor. We're going to start a new series on training you how to expand your mind, training you how to get a stronger mind and stronger internal force. So, so far, we've been teaching you how to defend yourself, how to get stronger, how to punch harder. Those are all external and those are all very important. But once you have a good foundation and you have a strong body, then what is the next step? Well, the next step is to train your mind because the mind is way more powerful than the body. Eventually, your body will wither away. Eventually, you will get old and eventually you will not have the strength and you will not have the abilities that you have when you're young. So, when you are growing older, you're going to need to use other things that come from your internal power, internal forces rather than your external forces. So, we're going to teach you exactly how to do that. You probably have a lot of questions about how all that works, but that's what I'm here for and that's what this new series is going to be talking about. So, one of the interesting topics that we're going to cover in this series is we're going to talk about the ancient sacred texts from ancient spiritual religions or beliefs and what they teach us about our body, what they teach us about our mind, our heart and our spirit. And I'm going to connect it with modern-day science discoveries that we have recently made about quantum physics, about how the body works, how the mind works, brain waves and your electric magnetic field in your body. What we are discovering very recently, very exciting is how that connects to a lot of the ancient teachings. And now we're finding out with science that they are actually the same thing. So, we're going to talk about that, how the spiritual side of beliefs will connect with science. And I know a lot of you will not believe it, but that's okay. You don't need to watch this channel. You can watch somebody else's channel. If you're really interested in learning about how spirituality connects with science, that's some of the topic that I've been really researching into the last few years. And I've discovered a lot of really cool things that I've been able to test on myself, test with my friends and a lot of them work. A lot of it doesn't work, but then I've found things that really do work when it comes to technology and science and spirituality. So, that's where we're going to go with this channel.


Hey everybody, welcome back. We're gonna look at one of my favorite CRTs in my entire collection and surprise It's not a pro or broadcast level monitor. It's actually a consumer CRT and that is this lovely 13 inch Zenith of all brands Consumer television now. It's easy to see why this is one of my favorite televisions. Not only is it a translucent CRT But it also has a really cool color scheme. It's just a simple Orion CRT tube inside and it doesn't support a lot of different video inputs or anything It's pretty simple and you will see some of other models of the Zenith television There's a full black normal version, which is not very exciting But this version is kind of a hybrid between that all-black standard boring version and then another version Which was marketed to a specialty Market and that is the all-clear Prison or jail televisions and those were made completely see-through and clear so that obviously no one could hide any contraband or Illegal materials weapons inside and then the other thing is is you couldn't easily get inside those TVs They also tended to not even include a single speaker on them they only would have channels and volume and a Input on the front like we have on this one for headphones Because if you were in a jail setting you wouldn't be able to just leave your TV on and blare the sound out of it On whatever channel you wanted from your room You need to have something to prevent everybody from going crazy and getting into fights all the time over what they were having to listen to from one of their neighbors, but that was One of the features so on that version you're only going to get a headphone jack You're only going to probably get volume and channels and you won't even have access to your video input on the front now This design again used tons of the parts and design from that Jail model it only has one speaker in it a nice mono audio speaker It does have composite video on the front what we're running on it right now is obviously the Nintendo GameCube now This TV did come out around the year 2000 which would me make sense for it to have the GameCube running on there looks fantastic in composite This is a 480 I seen I believe on there But I will show you some other stuff that we can hook up into it, but that's kind of a good overview Now let's look at some of the things a little bit closer So you can't access the menu on this by just pressing those two buttons together That is not something that you should have been able to do on the jail version So you could do this and then sit get in here and make some adjustments But normally you're just going to use this for volume and channel up and down and then power and then here's our earphone as it said our earphone jack our video and audio input and Then we've got our zenith Emblem up here on the top of the screen and what you would have maybe seen is so again Like I said there were some Heineken versions Which to me almost looked like heineken just put a sticker on the front of this Maybe they bought like a palette of these and just decided to throw either a sticker or maybe have them all engraved with Heineken and That way they could make it kind of a collector's item because it does match a Heineken perfectly and it also matches, you know jungle jungle green N64 and and even like a see-through Xbox or something. There's just a look at the shape of the shell nice rounded Shell and then we've got lots of air holes for breathing on the sides and then on the back bottom portion and Then here's a closer look at this particular Label again, this is made by zenith 13-inch color TV the particular model number for this one is C13 a 05 LG and then again, we're looking at an Orion tube inside and This one was made in August of 2000 now if we look down at the bottom I'll show you just the only thing we've got there is an antenna or RF input Which I will show you in a second. We're gonna hook up an RF console in here Just so you could see how that looks But the cool thing is as you could see inside of this monitor When you're just looking at it now this one has never been opened. I've never opened it since I've owned it I just kind of bought it and it's always worked perfectly And so I've just left it as is for right now, but let's go ahead And I mean why not let's try to open it up and see what it looks like inside so before we jump in looking at the inside of this let's go ahead and test out this RF in the back and We're gonna get set up with a special console to do that. So I'm gonna be using a Sega Genesis model 2 RF switch and it will be set to channel 3 the console I'm gonna hook up it's actually gonna be unique It's not gonna be a Genesis, but it will use that Genesis part and also use a Genesis power supply input but we're gonna try and Use this little contraption Which maybe you know what it is, but it's for the turbo graphics and What it does is it gives you RGB out, but the funny thing is you can also use it Just to get something like RF out For the NEC turbo graphics All right folks there. We have it. This is RF You will notice a little bit of snow if you look at it, but it has a pretty darn good clear picture for RF There's a little bit of convergent separation, but it's not it's not the worst RF signal Definitely usable. However, the composite is an upgrade, but it definitely works and It gives you an option on this television to have something to always test RF signals and give you a pretty good picture if the RF signal is quality But still, you know preferably you want to use composite All right, let's open up this television and just see what's going on inside now The first thing you should know is that this cannot be open with just a standard Phillips head or flat-head screwdriver you have to get a security kit which I got this off Amazon or eBay or something and You need a six-pointed Specialty security bolt. I'm sure there's a name for this six-point pattern But you need that to get inside here and the funny thing is is that's part of the design that this TV took from the prison version and that way that Would not be easy to get into if you were using this in Jail, but again, this version would have not been approved for use in jail because it's green It had to be fully clear plastic. There also was a blue version of this television that was clear besides just a screen one When you try to get a security bolt kit don't even bother going somewhere like the hardware store They kind of waste in your time. They usually don't carry stuff like this At least the ones near me funny story when I went and Tried to get this security kid I thought maybe I could just go down to the hardware store and get one there and it's a pretty big store that everybody knows It's a you know major store. I'm not afraid to name them It was Lowe's in my gala at my hometown So I went in there and I went into the screwdriver section and I asked the gentleman working in there if he had ever If they sold any security bolt kits like the one I'm using here today or needed and I was really surprised because he started looking at me really funny and Got this again smug kind of like Look on his face and he asked me so what what he what what are you doing? Why do you need to get inside a security bolt and I said man? I'm working on you know old machines and He looked at me and he said no we don't sell that stuff and Frankly those bolts are put there for a reason to keep people like you out of them and I said are you serious? He's just like looked at me like I was some kind of criminal just for trying to get inside I was like I'm trying to get inside an obsolete Electronic from the you know 20 years old and it didn't matter. He just looked at me funny So I left and again don't don't even bother trying to find one there because they'll get you guilt-trippy, too I mean I know that like some people I never thought that somebody would be on the side of like the companies for the whole right to repair issue, but hey Guess everybody is a critic All right. Here's the inside of this CRT. It's definitely dirty Nothing special to this shell just one piece of plastic So we get it out of the way and if we look in here We got again our Orion picture tube just a simple degausing strap around it and Yeah, very simple design we got a pretty standard yoke here It's a pretty solid tube that our Orion made back in the day for at least this size We have our speaker down here or mono speaker and then Here's our neckboard There is I mean that does have a nice convergence ring set up. So that's pretty impressive and No adjustments available or really much components at all Just a couple of things for the color drives right there The rest of the stuff is Pretty darn simple. So we could go in here We'll probably recap this pretty soon definitely clean it off because there's only about Less than 20 caps in here. Maybe maybe a little bit more. There's some smaller ones up front Towards the chroma chip so the one thing that I may be interested in I'm not really interested in in modding this television as much as Unless there's something Built into it that you can just simply unlock I definitely don't want to do anything that would cut the plastic or Do any kind of mod that would Damage anything or just be destructive in any way So what I want to do is Keep it to where it's mostly original. Now, you notice how the circuit board has a You notice how the circuit board has a cutout down here. Well, guess what? It's the exact same size as the neckboard That's a way these companies would save money. They print one giant circuit board And then they cut that section out after they built it and it would be again used as a neckboard So you'd save a little bit of your Manufacturing costs rather than making two separate boards. You make one large board and pop it out But that's pretty much it for this one not a whole lot going on Inside But still a solid little television Here's one last look at the CRT running an RF again So I just kind of blown away by how good that picture is for RF I again do not anticipate a mod for this maybe s video depending on the video chip on the main board but To be honest with you. There's not a whole lot of Extra you can probably get out of a television like this the the more important thing is is conserving its Appearance and it's it's Kind of keeping it in its original form. I believe this is one more for just a talking piece or to show off so I will definitely clean it up and do a cap kit on it and then We may discuss if there's some kind of s video mod available. Maybe we could do a no-cut mod where we Have a connector coming out of the back that's not going through anything to make any new holes So we'll see about that But again, there are plenty of great consumer televisions out there that are CRTs that have so much character Don't just pass on them because this one is a great example of that and will Surprisingly be valuable as the years go on and people are looking for more of the obscure and weird CRTs Plus this one small enough to be able to hold in just about any collection Once you get over that 13 inch format it really starts to take up a lot more space Hey guys, thanks again for watching today, and I will definitely see you guys next time with some more retro content


This video is brought to you by the Environmental Protection Agency. The use of any trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement on the part of the Environmental Protection Agency. For the arsenic rule, EPA evaluated several technologies as candidates for best available technology for arsenic removal including modified coagulation filtration. Typically, coagulation filtration treatment uses the process of particle destabilization to remove colloidal and suspended matter from the water supply. This process results in the formation of flock particles that are removed by clarification and or filtration. The coagulants that are commonly used are aluminum or iron salts that form particulates that attach to the suspended or colloidal matter. Increasingly, polymer aluminum-based blended chemicals are being used for the removal process. The installation of these conventional gravity coagulation filtration systems solely for arsenic treatment is generally uneconomical. However, the process of coagulation filtration can be modified to remove dissolved inorganic matter including arsenic. Typically, if a source has arsenic-3, oxidation, usually chlorine, is used to convert arsenic-3 to arsenic-5. A coagulant in this case, ferric chloride, is added to be oxidized, producing iron hydroxide particles. The hydroxides in arsenic-laden water are held in a retention tank to allow the co-precipitation and adsorption process to occur. The arsenic and iron precipitates are filtered from the water in this example by a pressure filter vessel. The filters are allowed to load with the precipitates until the filter is partially loaded and then the filter is backwashed. The backwash waste is directed to either a sanitary sewer or dedicated waste system. Not many surface waters have elevated arsenic concentrations that are of a concern to public water supplies. However, the Yellowstone River, which originates in the volcanically active area of Yellowstone Park, is an exception. There are numerous public water systems that rely on the Yellowstone River as their source water and use coagulation filtration as their water treatment process. Two such systems are the city of Billings, Montana and the Lockwood Water District. With the revised arsenic MCO looming in the future, the city of Billings began experimenting with coagulants other than alum to increase arsenic removal. Billings converted to ferric chloride as a coagulant. Arsenic in the Yellowstone River because it's a surface water source is arsenic-5. Arsenic-5 is relatively easy to remove. Our treatment system here is a full conventional plant. We coagulate, flocculate sedimentation and then through filtration. Now we use a polyluminum hydroxychloride, PACL, which is an alum blend, a proprietary alum blend. Prior to that we used ferric chloride. Prior to that we used alum. We went to ferric chloride because of our arsenic problems and when arsenic became an issue in the early 90s. The Lockwood Water District continued to use alum as a coagulant. This provided an excellent full scale comparison between aluminum and ferric based coagulants. We have treated with a aluminum sulfate in the past and polymers that we use for that. Usually we got roughly 50% removal of the arsenic. As seen on the graph, the Billings finished water arsenic concentration was consistently below the detection level less than 2 micrograms per liter. In the Lockwood plant, alum removed significantly less of the arsenic. The city of Billings has since converted from ferric chloride to an aluminum polymer blend to reduce some corrosion problems attributed to ferric chloride. As long as the arsenic concentration in the Yellowstone River is less than 15 micrograms per liter, the polymer blended coagulant works for arsenic removal. If necessary the city adds a small amount of ferric chloride to aid in removal of arsenic. Our approach here is to also use ferric chloride. When we get above 8 micrograms per liter in our finished water, we start adding ferric chloride. This is also being considered for Lockwood. Right now, like I say, we are testing a polyaluminum hydroxide. We're not sure if that's the polymer of choice or the coagulant of choice. Right now we want to be able to feed a little bit of ferric to get rid of the arsenic, but we want to get that into some level that's more controllable for pH. But I would imagine that that's probably where we'll be 6 months from now. Both the city of Billings and Lockwood Water District have tested the sludge. Neither demonstrated hazardous waste characteristics. We've tested for the arsenic levels. The sludge processes that we use sending out to a sludge drying pond have that tested for metals, content, and it's showing that we can land apply that. So to this point we haven't had a problem with land application instead of having to take it to a landfill. We have T-cliped that sludge. The TCLP test is to date has been non-detect on arsenic. Climax, Minnesota is also using coagulation filtration to remove arsenic. This system is participating in the United States Environmental Protection Agency Arsenic Demonstration Project, round one. Climax has two 140 foot deep wells. The wells have a flow capacity of 140 gallons per minute and 160 gallons per minute. However, only one well is operated at any one time with the two wells alternating on a monthly basis. The wells have about 35 micrograms per liter of arsenic, primarily arsenic 3, and 0.5 milligrams per liter iron. This represents an iron to arsenic ratio of less than 20 to 1, the ratio needed for efficient arsenic removal. The demonstration project added a skid-mounted system of two coagulation contact tanks and two pressure filtration tanks. The major components in the treatment process are pre-chlorination. The original gas chlorination system was replaced with a liquid chlorine feed system to improve the reliability and safety of the chlorination system. This converts the arsenic 3 to arsenic 5 and provides the oxidation of the natural and added iron ferric chloride. Coagulation. Ferric chloride is added to the water at a dose of 1.2 to 1.3 milligrams per liter. Two 345 gallon 42 inch diameter 72 inch tall fiberglass contact tanks that are typically operated in parallel provide five minutes of contact time to allow the formation of iron flocks and arsenic adsorption prior to filtration. Filtration. Two pressure filters are arranged in parallel. These filtration vessels are 36 inches in diameter and 72 inches tall. Each vessel is filled with about 24 inches of macro light media. This media is a 4060 mesh ceramic based media. The macro light is underlined by one inch of garnet sand over a slotted stainless steel underdrain. Flow is controlled through the filters to 70 gallons per minute each using flow limiting devices. Automation. The system is fully automated with an operator interface programmable logic controller and modem housed in a central control panel. The filters are operated at a rate of 10 gallons per minute. The pressure drop across the filters is about 15 psi. The filters are automatically backwashed at a pressure drop of 25 to 30 psi. The backwash includes an air sparge, brief settling and a hydraulic wash at a flow rate of about 55 gallons per minute. When the backwash starts out it drains the tank down a little bit and then it air sparges. And the idea of that is to stir the stuff up and kind of rub the grains together to break the stuff off. And then that settles for five minutes and then it goes into a backwash for 10 minutes. The filter to waste process is used for about five minutes prior to being returned to service. The backwash cycle is accomplished on only one filter at a time. Chances are when we're making backwashes we lose a little bit of a media. And all we have to do is just add media to it. The backwash water is discharged to the sanitary sewer via a newly constructed lift station. The plant produces a finished water arsenic concentration of 5 micrograms per liter or less. An adequate margin below the new MCL of 10 micrograms per liter. Even though the system had no treatment other than chlorination prior to the demonstration project, the operator indicates that the process is easy to operate. Yeah, it is. It's the simplest one that we looked at. The operator runs the system on a part-time basis. For more information on these and other EPA arsenic treatment technology demonstration sites you can visit EPA's website at the address shown on the screen.


I think it's probably fair to say that Carol's pretty much as close to my hero as that as possible. I met Carol for the first time about eight years ago, eight and a half years ago, in the context of a selection committee for the job that I have today. So that worked out quite well. I always think I'm quite driven in my research because I really enjoy it. So for me, I don't really see it as a job. I see it as a passion and something that I'm fascinated by. I'm very interested in mass spectrometry and its applications to biomedical research. One of the cool techniques with mass spec is that you can observe the small molecule binding and Carol has already proven that it is possible. You can see small molecule binding starting from soluble protein to membrane protein or even to bigger complexes. Our work in Professor Carol Robinson's laboratory is focused on how to deal with antibiotic resistance and GPCR and mass spectrometry instrumentation development. One of my most significant breakthroughs was our discovery that we could take membrane proteins and put them into the gas phase of a mass spectrometer and that they would stay intact. This had really profound consequences for ATP synthases and then I also started reading about P-type ATPases and these had been really intensely studied at AHU. So I became very interested in the research that was going on here. My research looks at molecules in the gas phase. Now you might think, why would you do that? Because we're all used to looking at things in solution and in water or in cellular environments and now you're going to put them up into the atmosphere inside a mass spectrometer. What would you expect to learn from that? But actually if you think about it, if you're running through a swimming pool it's quite hard because there's water resistance. If you're running through the air it's much easier. So this whole freedom of movement you can have from going through the gas phase of a mass spectrometer and you can learn something about the expression of the molecules as they're on this particular flight. With our future collaborations we're really hoping to understand the role of lipids in P-type ATPases because as you know lipids really do control a lot of the function of these membrane proteins and we believe we've got a really unique way of looking at these and now hopefully we can start collaborating more with our HUSS and building a team in Denmark as well as in Oxford to collaborate and solve problems together. Professor Carol Robinson is truly a remarkable scientist in the field of chemistry and chemical biology. Carol Robinson has never chosen the easy way, rather she did it her way both in terms of her career and in her scientific achievements. So you have pushed the limits of mass spectrometry to study macromolecules as free independent species. This has led to new discoveries that are extremely interesting both in academia and in more applied chemical and biological and medical research areas. One of your inventions has been to use mass spectrometry to study membrane proteins including several of special interests to Denmark and in particular researchers at Aarhus University. This includes some of the so-called membrane pumps known as ATPases that belongs to the same family as those discovered by Nobel laureates Jens Christian Skoll. Most recently you have been involved in a joint project with Aarhus University in collaboration with Nova Nordisk to explore potentials for treatment of diabetes. In this way you have developed new approaches and initiatives that may become of key importance to a proud research tradition at Aarhus University. So dear Carol, on this background it's a pleasure to confirm upon you the degree Dr. Skian Tiarum Honoris Causa at Aarhus University.


This is the first ride here that I couldn't get in the carousel. The thing bent like backwards. It's so good. Welcome back. Once the ride connects to a complete stop, please lift up on your seat on the ground, and please and carefully move your right down the red, taking all personal belongings left in the bins. Thank you for riding Pantheon and enjoy the rest of your day at Bush Gardens.


Motorists and residents of Aduikiti, the Akiti state capital are currently groaning in pain over the continued negative effects of the lingering scarcity of premium motor spirits otherwise known as petrol. Longer vehicular kiosks were seen in most filling stations visited by a correspondent and hiking transport fares have become the other of the day in the Across some filling stations in Aduikiti, the state capital revealed that the pump price is selling now between 248 Naira to 260 Naira per litre as at the time of filing the shipments. This is very bad. We are the producers of oil and look at the suffering that we have all experienced here. President Buagri, APC, do something. The suffering is more. Meanwhile, the state government has set up a special tax force and field scarcer in the state with a mandate that petroleum marketers comply with government-regulated pump price. Speaking on behalf of the committee, Comrade Sholadi Goose said the committee has met with the marketers in the state to prioritize the state government's position on the commodity. The committee, the tax force, is still negotiating with the marketers. So we want to be monitoring the prices, their pump prices and what are people are selling in Akiti. And all the state government is trying to do is to make sure that we elevate this suffering.